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Emerging targets in cancer immunotherapy Burugu, Samantha; Dancsok, Amanda R.; Nielsen, Torsten
Abstract
The first generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) targeted natural immune homeostasis pathways, co-opted by cancers, to drive anti-tumor immune responses. These agents led to unprecedented results in patients with previously incurable metastatic disease and may become first-line therapies for some advanced cancers. However, these agents are efficacious in only a minority of patients. Newer strategies are becoming available that target additional immunomodulatory mechanisms to activate patients’ own anti tumor immune responses. Herein, we present a succinct summary of emerging immune targets with reported pre-clinical efficacy that have progressed to active investigation in clinical trials. These emerging targets include co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory markers of the innate and adaptive immune system. In this review, we discuss: 1) T lymphocyte markers: Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 [LAG-3], T-cell Immunoglobulinand Mucin-domain-containing molecule 3 [TIM-3], V-domain containing Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation [VISTA], T cell ImmunoGlobulin and ITIM domain [TIGIT], B7-H3, Inducible T-cell Co-stimulator [ICOS/ICOSL], CD27/CD70, and Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor [GITR]; 2) macrophage markers: CD47/Signal-Regulatory Protein alpha [SIRPα] and Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase [IDO]; and 3) natural killer cell markers: CD94/NKG2A and the Killer Immunoglobulin-like receptor [KIR] family. Finally, we briefly highlight combination strategies and potential biomarkers of response and resistance to these cancer immunotherapies.
Item Metadata
Title |
Emerging targets in cancer immunotherapy
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Creator | |
Publisher |
Elsevier
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Date Issued |
2018-10
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Description |
The first generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1)
targeted natural immune homeostasis pathways, co-opted by cancers, to drive anti-tumor immune
responses. These agents led to unprecedented results in patients with previously incurable
metastatic disease and may become first-line therapies for some advanced cancers. However,
these agents are efficacious in only a minority of patients. Newer strategies are becoming
available that target additional immunomodulatory mechanisms to activate patients’ own anti tumor immune responses. Herein, we present a succinct summary of emerging immune targets
with reported pre-clinical efficacy that have progressed to active investigation in clinical trials.
These emerging targets include co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory markers of the innate and
adaptive immune system. In this review, we discuss: 1) T lymphocyte markers: Lymphocyte
Activation Gene 3 [LAG-3], T-cell Immunoglobulinand Mucin-domain-containing molecule 3
[TIM-3], V-domain containing Ig Suppressor of T cell Activation [VISTA], T cell
ImmunoGlobulin and ITIM domain [TIGIT], B7-H3, Inducible T-cell Co-stimulator
[ICOS/ICOSL], CD27/CD70, and Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor [GITR]; 2) macrophage
markers: CD47/Signal-Regulatory Protein alpha [SIRPα] and Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase
[IDO]; and 3) natural killer cell markers: CD94/NKG2A and the Killer Immunoglobulin-like
receptor [KIR] family. Finally, we briefly highlight combination strategies and potential
biomarkers of response and resistance to these cancer immunotherapies.
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Subject | |
Genre | |
Type | |
Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2021-12-23
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0406116
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URI | |
Affiliation | |
Citation |
Burugu S, Dancsok AR, Nielsen TO. Emerging targets in cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol. 2018 Oct;52(Pt 2):39-52.
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Publisher DOI |
10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.10.001
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Peer Review Status |
Reviewed
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Scholarly Level |
Faculty; Graduate
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Rights URI | |
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Item Citations and Data
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International