PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL EEPOET OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST 1933 PHINTED BY AUTHORITY OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. VICTORIA, B.C. : Printed by Charles F. Banfielo, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty, 1934. To His Honour J. W. Fordham Johnson, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia. May it please Your Honour : The Annual Report of the Department of Labour of the Province for the year 1933 is herewith respectfully submitted. GEORGE S. PEARSON, Minister of Labour. Office of the Minister of Labour, July, 1934. The Honourable George S. Pearson, Minister of Labour. Sir,—I have the honour to submit herewith the Sixteenth Annual Report on the work of the Department of Labour up to December 31st, 1933. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, ADAM BELL, Deputy Minister of Labour. Department of Labour, Victoria, B.C., July, 1931,. SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. Page. Report of the Deputy Minister 7 Provincial Pay-roll 7 Wages and Purchasing-power 7 Strikes 7 New Legislation 8 "Male Minimum Wage Act, 1934" 8 Order No. 1, Logging Industry 11 Order No. 2, Sawmill Industry 11 Order No. 2a, Tie-cutting Operations 12 Order No. 6, Taxicab Drivers 12 "Hours of Work, 1934" 12 Regulations 15 " Female Minimum Wage Act " 16 Order No. 3, Fruit and Vegetable Industry 20 Order No. 3a (Emergency), Fruit and Vegetable Industry 20 Order No. 4, Office Occupation 21 Unemployment Relief Report 23 Statistics of Trades and Industries '. 31 Total Industrial Pay-roll 31 Pay-roll Comparison by Industries 32 Changes in Wage-rates 33 Average Full Week's Wages in each Industry 35 Increased Employment 37 Nationality of Employees 40 Statistical Tables 41 Summary of all Tables 54 "Hours of Work Act" 55 Average Weekly Hours of Work by Industries 55 "Male Minimum Wage Act" 56 Labour Disputes and Conciliation 56 Summary of Disputes 59 Employment Service 60 Business transacted 61 Handicap Section 61 Tables 62 Inspection of Factories 64 Accident-prevention 64 Hours of Work 65 Freight and Passenger Elevators 63 Preface to the Minimum Wage Board Report 68 Report of the Minimum Wage Board 69 Practical Benefits 60 Court Cases 69 Public Hearings 72 Findings 77 Statistical Section 78 Wage Trend, 1918, 1931, 1932, 1933 86 Minimum Wage Legislation 87 Administration 88 Summary of Orders 89 Association of Employers 93 Trade Union Directory 95 REPORT OF THE DEPUTY MINISTER OF LABOUR FOR 1933. The year 1933 has been a particularly arduous one for the Department of Labour. Conditions have tended to multiply our problems and add to the work of the Department in all its branches. During the year under review the record of the Department in administering our labour laws has been well maintained despite circumstances of extreme difficulty brought about by industrial depression and widespread unemployment. Since 1929 our industrial pay-roll has shown a gradual decline, which has been further accentuated during 1933. The decline in our industrial pay-roll is consequently reflected in reduced earnings of wage- earners, while, at the same time, the average working-hours of employees in industry also show a decrease. PROVINCIAL Po\Y-ROLL. The total pay-roll of the Province for the year under review, including various estimated amounts, as shown on page 31, amounted to $99,126,653,28, a reduction of $3,830,420.72 from the 1932 figures, due entirely to wage reductions, as there were more people employed in 1933 than during the previous year. WAGES AND PURCHASING-POWER. With each succeeding year of the slump it has become abundantly clear that reduced earnings of those in employment have not had the effect of causing even a slight improvement in business conditions, but, on the other hand, has resulted in further restriction of output. Comparing 1929 with 1933, the average number employed per month decreased 41 per cent., and in the same period the amounts paid to wage-earners decreased 57 per cent. A study of the statistical section of this report reveals in many ways the seriousness of the times through which we are passing. During the year 1929, $145,120,325.98 was paid in salaries and wages by the firms reporting to this Department, and for the year 1933 the amount decreased to $68,028,424.61. The 106,012 adult male employees reported during the week of employment of the greatest number in 1929 earned an average of $29.20, while in 1933 the number of adult males reported for the same period numbered 61,891 at an average rate of $22.30; thus each of the 61,891 employed were in receipt of $6.90 less than the average weekly wage paid during 1929, and the remaining 41,121 adult males were out of employment and, in all probability, forced to apply for relief. The average weekly wage shown above is for the week of employment of the greatest number, the Department having no means of ascertaining the annual earnings of any employee. Recent developments have made it clear that, of the many measures proposed to bring back better business conditions, the process of wage reduction as a means of reducing production costs is being gradually discarded. It would be a quicker route to ultimate recovery to consider the question of overhead charges, which have become so large a part of the total cost of production. The opinion of those who are responsible for the payment of wages is undergoing a change, and the belief that high wages was one of the principal causes of our present condition is rapidly disappearing. The tendency of many employers in recent months to increase wages would appear as though it was now being realized that increased purchasing-power is the very centre of any industrial recovery. STRIKES. Recognized by all as a waste of energy, the strike method of settling a dispute should only be used when all other means of conciliation fail. Unfortunately, we have a section of our workers who believe that, in order to be successful, the men should walk off the job the moment new demands are presented. We have instances, during the last few months, when men have walked off the job and did not have enough wages due them to pay transportation to their homes. Trade unions of long standing realize the futility of a strike until all other avenues of mediation have failed. APPRENTICES. The continued decrease in the number of apprentices, as reported in our statistical section, is a matter which should engage the earnest attention of employers' organizations and those having the interest of the youth of our Province at heart. During 1927 there were 1,554 apprentices recorded; in 1929 they numbered 1,676, and this number had decreased to 621 in 1933, a drop of approximately 63 per cent, from the peak year. NEW LEGISLATION. At no previous session of the Legislature has so much legislation benefiting the workers been passed as was done at the session held in 1934, and while mention of this belongs rightfully to the report of 1934, it is felt that in the interest of all concerned a brief statement should be made in this report. " Interpretation Act."—Section 24, clause 18, was amended by including the day immediately following Christmas Day (Boxing Day) as a legal holiday. " Male Minimum Wage Act, 1934"—Since the above Act came into force the Board of Industrial Relations—composed of the following members: Adam Bell, Deputy Minister of Labour, Chairman, Helen Gregory MacGill, William Alexander Carrothers, James Thomson, and Christopher John McDowell—have been appointed: several sessions have taken place, and four Orders made: Order No. 1, covering the Logging Industry, and Order No. 2, covering the Sawmill Industry, effective April 27th, 1934; Order No. 2a, affecting Tie-cutting Operations, and Order No. 6, relating to the Occupation of Taxicab Drivers. Since the formation of the above Board, Mrs. Helen Gregory MacGill has been made a Judge of the Juvenile Court and tendered her resignation. Mrs. Fraudena Eaton has been named to fill the vacancy thereby created. The Acts and Orders are printed below:— "MALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT." 24 George V. CHAP 47. An Act to amend and consolidate the " Male Minimum Wage Act." [Assented to 29th March, 1934.] His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:— 1. This Act may be cited as the " Male Minimum Wage Act." 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires:— " Board " means the Board of Industrial Relations constituted under the provisions of this Act: " Employee " means any adult male person who is in receipt of or entitled to any compensation for labour or services performed for another: "Employer" includes every person, firm, corporation, agent, manager, representative, contractor, sub-contractor, or other person having control or direction of, or responsible, directly or indirectly, for the wages of, any employee: " Minimum wage " means the amount of wages fixed by the Board under this Act: " Wage " or " wages " includes any compensation for labour or services, measured by time, piece, or otherwise. 1929, c. 43, s. 1. 3. (1.) Subject to subsection (2), this Act shall apply to all employees in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, and to their employers. (2.) This Act shall not apply in respect of farm-labourers or domestic servants. (New.) 4. (1.) For the purpose of the administration of this Act, there shall be a Board known as the " Board of Industrial Relations," which shall consist of five members, of whom the Deputy Minister of Labour shall be one, and shall be Chairman of the Board, the Chairman of the Economic Council constituted under the " Economic Council Act," being an Act of the present session, shall be one, and the other members, of whom one shall be a woman, shall be appointed by and hold office during the pleasure of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council. (2.) The presence of three members of the Board shall constitute a quorum. (3.) The existing or continuing members of the Board shall have and may exercise all the powers, duties, and functions of the Board, notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership thereof. (4.) The three appointive members of the Board shall be paid such allowance as remuneration for their services and for the expenses necessarily incurred in the performance of their duties as may be fixed by the regulations. (New.) ,. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 9 5. (1.) After the holding from time to time of such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, the Board may make an order fixing a minimum wage for employees at such rate and in such manner as the Board in its discretion considers advisable. (2.) Without limiting the generality of the provisions of subsection (1), the Board may by its order:— (a.) Apply the minimum wage so fixed to all employees or to any group or class of employees in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, or to any group or class of employees .--.., in all or in any two or more industries, businesses, trades, or occupations: (5.) Fix a different minimum wage to be paid to employees in the same industry, business, trade, or occupation in different parts of the Province: (c.) Fix a minimum wage applicable only in the part or parts of the Province designated in the order: (d.) Fix the minimum wage upon an hourly, daily, weekly, or monthly basis. (3.) The Board may from time to time inquire into the wages-and conditions of labour and employment of all or any male persons over the age of eighteen and under the age of twenty-one years employed or working in any industry, business, trade, or occupation; and may, in the like manner and with the like effect as provided in subsections (1) and (2), make an order fixing a minimum wage for those male persons at such rate as the Board in its discretion considers advisable. (4.) Every order of the Board fixing a minimum wage shall apply throughout the Province, unless its application is by its terms restricted to some designated part or parts of the Province. (New.) 6. In the case of any employees classified by the Board as handicapped, or as part-time employees, or as apprentices, the Board may by permit in writing authorize the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed under section 5 ; and may in any case limit and define the number of handicapped employees, or part-time employees, or apprentices to whom the lesser wage fixed under this section may be payable by any employer. (New.) 7. Where board or lodging is furnished by any employer to an employee to whom a minimum wage fixed by the Board applies, the Board may investigate the matter; and, if in the opinion of the Board the price charged by the employer for the board or lodging is excessive and unduly affects the wages of the employee, the Board may make an order fixing a maximum price to be charged by the employer for the board or lodging. 8. (1.) The Board may from time to time hold an inquiry for the purpose of investigating the facts with respect to any persons engaged or working in or about any industry, business, trade, or occupation as members or alleged members of any partnership or association or in the execution of any agreement or scheme of profit-sharing or co-operative or joint contract or undertaking, including the investigation of the contractual and other relations of the persons so engaged or working, as between themselves or as between them and their master or employer; and if, after the holding of such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, the Board is of the opinion that the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme and the engagement or working of those persons in connection therewith as aforesaid are intended or have the effect, either directly or indirectly, of defeating the true intent and object of this Act in respect of the payment of a minimum wage, the Board may, notwithstanding the provisions of any other Act, make an order prohibiting the carrying-on of the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme in whole or in part, and prohibiting the doing by any person of any act or thing in connection therewith set out in the order; and the order shall be published in the Gazette, and thereupon shall take effect and be binding on all persons so engaged or working and on their master or employer (if any). (2.) Every person who contravenes any order made under subsection (1), or does any act or thing prohibited by an order so made, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, and in default of immediate payment of the fine shall be liable to imprisonment for a period of not less than two months nor more than six months. 9. For the purpose of any inquiry held pursuant to the provisions of this Act, the Board shall, in respect of the inquiry, have the like powers as are by law given to commissioners appointed under the "Public Inquiries Act." 1929, c. 43, s. 5 (altered). 10. Every order of the Board fixing a minimum wage shall be published in the Gazette and shall take effect at the expiration of fourteen days after the date of publication. 1929, c. 43, s. 7 (altered). 11. Upon the petition of any employers or employees, or upon its own motion, the. Board may review, suspend, vary, or rescind any order made by it pursuant to the provisions of this Act. 12. The Board shall supply copies of every order fixing a minimum wage to any employer requesting the same, and every employer of employees affected by any such order shall post and keep posted in a conspicuous place in his establishment or plant a copy of the order, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. 1929, c. 43, s. 10. 13. (1.) Every employer shall keep in his principal place of business in the Province a true and correct record in the English language of the wages paid to and the hours worked each day by each of his employees, together with a register in the English language of the names, nationalities, ages, and residential addresses of all his employees. (2.) Every employer shall, on demand of the Board or any person authorized in writing by the Board, or by the Chairman of the Board, produce for inspection all records kept by him relating to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of employment affecting any of his employees. 1929, c. 43. s. 11. G 10 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. 14. The Board may, either by any member of the Board designated in writing by the Chairman thereof, or by any person authorized in writing by the Board or the Chairman :— (a.) Inspect and examine all books, pay-rolls, and other records of any employer which in any way relate to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of employment affecting any employees: (6.) Take extracts from or make copies of any entry in such books, pay-rolls, and records: (c.) Require from any employer full and correct statements respecting the wages paid to his employees, and the hours of labour and conditions of their employment, duly verified on oath: (d.) Require any employee to make full disclosure, production, or delivery to the Board, or to the person so authorized, of all records, documents, statements, writings, books, papers, extracts therefrom, or copies thereof as the employee may have in his possession or control, or other information either verbal or in writing, and either verified on oath or otherwise as may be directed, as may in any way relate to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of his employment: (e.) Require any employer to make full disclosure, production, or delivery to the Board, or to the person so authorized, of all records, documents, statements, writings, books, papers, extracts therefrom, or copies thereof as the employer may have in his possession or control, or other information either verbal or in writing, and either verified on oath or otherwise as may be directed, as may in any way reiate to the profit and loss and the production and operating costs in the industry, business, trade, or occupation carried on by or under the control or direction of the employer as, in the discretion of the Board, are considered necessary for the purposes of this Act. 15. (1.) Every employer who contravenes any order of the Board made under this Act by the payment of wages of less amount than the minimum wage fixed by the Board, or by the charging of a price for board or lodging in excess of the maximum price fixed by the Board, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars for each employee affected; and, in addition thereto, shall upon conviction be ordered to pay to each employee the difference between the wages actually paid to him and the minimum wage fixed by the Board; and in default of payment of such penalty or difference shall be liable to imprisonment for a period of not less than two months nor more than six months. (2.) Every employer and every employee who neglects or fails to perform any duty imposed on him by this Act, or who refuses or neglects to permit of any inspection or examination authorized by this Act, or who refuses or neglects to disclose, produce, furnish, or deliver any information or thing required under this Act, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not less than ten dollars nor more than five hundred dollars. 1929, c. 43, s. 13 (altered). 16. Where an employee by collusion with his employer or otherwise works for less than the minimum wage to which he is entitled under this Act, or directly or indirectly returns to his employer any part of his wages which has the effect of reducing the wages actually received and retained by the employee to an amount less than the minimum wage to which he is entitled, the employee and the employer shall each be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not more than one hundred dollars, in addition to all other penalties to which he may be liable under this Act. For the purpose of any prosecution for an offence under this section, proof of the fact that any moneys were repaid or paid by the employee to his employer shall be prima facie evidence as against the person charged that the moneys were so repaid or paid for the purpose and had the effect of reducing the wages actually received and retained by the employee to an amount less than the minimum wage to which he was entitled. 17. (1.) Any employer who discharges or in any other manner discriminates against any employee because the employee has made a complaint under this Act or has testified or is about to testify, or because such employer believes that the employee may testify, at any inquiry or in any proceedings relative to the enforcement of this Act, or because the employee has made or is about to make any such disclosure as may be required of him by virtue of the provisions of this Act, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not more than five hundred dollars. (2.) For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act without prejudice to any complainant, in any case where the complainant requests that his name and identity be withheld, the name and identity of the complainant shall not be disclosed to any person by the Board, except where disclosure is necessary for the purposes of any prosecution under section 15 or this section or is considered by the Board to be in the public interest. 1929, c. 43, s. 15 (altered). 18. If any employee is paid less than the manimum wage to which he is entitled under this Act, the employee shall be entitled to recover from his employer, in a civil action, the difference between the amount paid and the amount of the minimum wage, with costs of action; but in the case of an employee whose services with the employer have terminated, no action shall be brought by the employee under this section unless the action is commenced within sixty days next after the termination of the services. 1929, c. 43, s. 14. 19. For the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act according to the true intent and meaning thereof, or of supplying any deficiency therein, the Lieutenant-Governor in Council may make such regulations not inconsistent with the spirit of this Act as may be considered necessary, advisable, or convenient. 1929, c. 43, s. 16. 20. The "Male Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 43 of the Statutes of 1929, is repealed; and all orders made thereunder fixing a minimum wage are annulled. (Netc.) REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 11 ORDER No. 1. Order establishing a Minimum Wage in the Logging Industry. Pursuant to the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the 1934 session of the British Columbia Legislature, the Board of Industrial Relations, having held such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, hereby orders:— 1. That where used in this Order the expression " logging industry " includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of logging; pole, tie, shingle-bolt, mining-prop, and pile cutting, and all operations in or incidental to driving, rafting, and booming of logs, poles, ties, shingle-bolts, mining- props, and piles. 2. That, subject to the exemptions granted from time to time under section 6 of the said Act and to the provisions of paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Order, the minimum wage for all employees in the logging industry shall be the sum of forty cents (40c.) per hour. 3. The minimum wage for all employees engaged in grade and track occupations within the logging industry shall be the sum of thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour. 4. The minimum wage for all employees engaged in cook- and bunk-house occupations within the logging industry shall be the sum of two dollars and seventy-five cents ($2.75) per day. 5. This Order shall not apply in respect of the logging industry carried on east of the Cascade Mountains. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 7th day of April, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. William Alexander Carrothers. James Thomson. Christopher John McDowell. The above Order was published in the B.C. Gazette on April 12th, 1934, and becomes effective at the expiration of fourteen days after that date. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in your plant or establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. ORDER No. 2. Order establishing a Minimum Wage in the Sawmill Industry. Pursuant to the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the 1934 session of the British Columbia Legislature, the Board of Industrial Relations, having held such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, hereby orders:— 1. That where used in this Order the expression " sawmill industry " includes all operations in or incidental to the carrying-on of sawmills and planing-mills. 2. The minimum wage for all employees in the sawmill industry shall be the sum of thirty-five (35c.) per hour, with the exceptions provided by paragraph 3 hereof. 3. Until further ordered, it shall be permissible for an employer to employ a percentage of employees in his plant at a rate less than that fixed in paragraph 2 of this Order, but in no case shall the rate so paid be less than twenty-five cents (25c.) per hour, nor shall the percentage of employees paid at such rate (inclusive of employees in respect of whom a permit has been obtained under section 6 of the Act) be in excess of twenty-five per centum of the total number of employees in the plant. 4. Pursuant to the provisions of the said Act, every employer in the sawmill industry shall furnish the Board, not later than the fifteenth day of each month, with a complete and certified statement of the names, ages, nationalities of, and wages paid per hour to every male person in his employ during the last preceding month. 5. This Order shall not apply in respect of the sawmill industry carried on east of the Cascade Mountains. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 7th day of April, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. William Alexander Carrothers. James Thomson. Christopher John McDowell. The above Order was published in the B.C. Gazette on April 12th, 1934, and becomes effective at the expiration of fourteen days after that date. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in your plant or establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. G 12 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. ORDER No. 2a. Order respecting a Minimum Wage in Tie-cutting Operations. Pursuant to the provisions of section 11 of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the 1934 session of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, the Board of Industrial Relations hereby orders:— That with respect to the Order of the Board of Industrial Relations establishing a minimum wage in the logging industry and published in the British Columbia Gazette on April 12th, 1934; and with respect to the Order of the Board of Industrial Relations establishing a minimum wage in the sawmill industry, and published in the British Columbia Gazette on April 12th, 1934, all tie-cutting operations shall be exempt from the said Orders from the time of the taking effect of this Order until midnight on the 30th day of September, 1934; and the said Orders are respectively varied accordingly. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 2nd day of May, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. James Thomson. Christopher John McDowell. W. A. Carrothers. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in the employer's establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. ORDER No. 6. Order respecting a Minimum Wage in the Occupation of Taxicab Driver. Pursuant to the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 47 of the Statutes of British Columbia, 1934, the Board of Industrial Relations hereby orders:— (1.) That where used in this Order the expression " taxicab-driver" means and includes an employee in charge of or driving a motor-vehicle with seating accommodation for seven passengers or less than seven passengers, used for the conveyance of the public and which is driven or operated for hire. (2.) The minimum wage for every employee employed as a taxicab-driver shall be the sum of two dollars and fifty cents ($2.50) per day. (3.) This Order shall apply to taxicab-drivers and their employers in the City of Vancouver, the City of Victoria, the Municipality of the Township of Esquimalt, the Municipality of the District of Oak Bay, and the Municipality of the District of Saanich. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 13th day of June, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. William Alexander Carrothers. Christopher John McDowell. James Thomson. The above Order was published in the B.C. Gazette on June 14th, 1934, and becomes effective at the expiration of fourteen days after that date. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in the employer's establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. "HOURS OF WORK ACT, 1934." This Act, proclaimed June 14th, 1934, by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, will be administered by the Board of Industrial Relations. The definitions under the new Act greatly extend its scope and can be made to cover any industry, business, trade, or occupation, in addition to those set out in the Schedule. 24 George V. CHAP. 30. An Act to amend and consolidate the " Hours of Work Act, 1923." [Assented to 29th March, 1934-1 His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:— 1. This Act may be cited as the " Hours of Work Act, 1934." REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 13 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires:— " Board " means the Board of Industrial Relations constituted under the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the present session: " Employee" means any person who is in receipt of or entitled to any compensation for labour or services performed for another : " Employer" includes every person, firm, corporation, agent, manager, representative, contractor, or sub-contractor having control or direction of, or responsible, directly or indirectly, for the employment of any employee : " Industrial undertaking " includes any establishment, work, or undertaking in or about any industry, business, trade, or occupation set out in the Schedule as contained herein or as amended from time to time by the regulations. 3. Subject to the exceptions provided by or under this Act, the working-hours of an employee in any industrial undertaking shall not exceed eight in the day and forty-eight in the week. 4. The provisions of section 3 shall not apply to persons holding positions of supervision or management or employed in confidential capacities. In case of dispute, the Board may determine whether or not the position held by any person or the capacity in which he is employed is such as to bring him within the scope of this section, and the decision of the Board shall he final. 5. Where by custom or arrangement between employers' and workers' organizations, or, where no such organizations exist, between employers' and workers' representatives, the hours of work on one or more days of the week are fewer than eight, the limit of eight hours may be exceeded on the remaining days of the week by agreement between such organizations or representatives; but in no ease under the provisions of this section shall the daily limit of eight hours be exceeded by more than one hour, nor shall the weekly limit of forty-eight hours be exceeded. 6. The limit of hours of work prescribed in section 3 may be exceeded in case of accident, or in case of urgent work to be done to machinery or plant, or in case of force majeure, but only so far as may be necessary to avoid serious interference with the ordinary working of the undertaking. 7. The Board may from time to time hold an inquiry for the purpose of investigating the facts with respect to any persons engaged or working in or about any industrial undertaking as members or alleged members of any partnership or association, or in the execution of any agreement or scheme of profit-sharing or co-operative or joint contract or undertaking, including the investigation of the contractual and other relations of the persons so engaged or working, as between themselves or as between them and their master or employer; and if, after the holding of such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, the Board is of the opinion that the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme, and the engagement or working of those persons in connection therewith, as aforesaid, are intended or have the effect, either directly or indirectly, of defeating the true intent and object of this Act in respect of its due and equable application in limiting hours of work, the Board may make regulations for applying the provisions of this Act in respect of the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme, and to all persons engaged or working therein, with like force and effect as if the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme were an industry set out in the Schedule, and the persons so engaged or working were employees therein. 8. For the purpose of any inquiry held pursuant to the provisions of this Act, the Board shall, in respect of the inquiry, have the like powers as are by law given to commissioners appointed under the " Public Inquiries Act." 9. (1.) Every employer shall keep in his principal place of business in the Province a true and correct record in the English language of the hours worked each day by each of his employees, together with a register in the English language of the names, ages, nationalities, and residential addresses of all his employees. (2.) Every employer shall, on demand of the Board or any person authorized in writing by the Board or by the Chairman of the Board, produce for inspection all records kept by him relating to the hours of labour of any person employed by him. 10. The Board may, either by any member of the Board designated in writing by the Chairman thereof, or by any person authorized in writing by the Board or the Chairman :— (a.) Inspect and examine all books, pay-rolls, and other records of any employer which in any way relate to the hours of labour of any employees : (6.) Take extracts from or make copies of any entry in such books, pay-rolls, and records: (c.) Require from any employer full and correct statements respecting the hours of labour of his employees, duly verified on oath: (d.) Require any employee to make full disclosure, production, or delivery to the Board, or to the person so authorized, of all records, documents, statements, writings, books, papers, extracts therefrom, or copies thereof as the employee may have in his possession or control, or other information either verbal or in writing, and either verified on oath or otherwise as may be directed, as may in any way relate to his hours of labour as an employee. 11. (1.) For the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act according to their true intent, the Board may make such regulations as are considered necessary or advisable. (2.) The regulations shall determine:— (a.) The permanent exceptions that may be allowed in preparatory or complementary work which must necessarily be carried on outside the limits laid down for the general working of an industrial undertaking, or for certain classes of workers whose work is essentially seasonal or intermittent; and all permanent exceptions made by the Board G 14 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. shall forthwith be published in the Gazette, and thereupon shall have the same force and effect as if incorporated in this Act: (6.) The temporary exceptions that may be allowed so that industrial undertakings may deal with exceptional cases of pressure of work : (c.) The extent to which the hours of work prescribed in section 3 may be exceeded in those processes which are required by reason of the nature of the process to be carried on continuously by a succession of shifts; but regulations under this subsection shall be made only after inquiry, and the Board shall fix the maximum of additional hours in each instance. (3.) In exceptional cases where it is recognized that the provisions of section 3 cannot be applied, but only in those cases, agreements between workers' and employers' organizations, or between workers' and employers' representatives, concerning the daily limit of work over a longer period of time may be given the force of regulations if confirmed by the Board. The average number of hours' work per week over the number of weeks covered by any such agreement shall not exceed forty-eight. (4.) The regulations shall:— (a.) Require every employer to notify his employees, by means of the posting of notices in conspicuous places in the works or other suitable place, or by such other method as may be approved by the regulations, the hours at which work begins and ends, and, where work is carried on by shifts, the hours at which each shift begins and ends. These hours shall be so fixed that the duration of the work shall not exceed the limits prescribed by this Act, and when so notified they shall not be changed except with such notice and in such manner as may be approved by the regulations: (6.) Require every employer to notify in the same way such rest intervals accorded during the period of work as are not reckoned as part of the working-hours: (c.) Require every employer to keep a record in the form prescribed by the regulations of all additional hours worked in pursuance of section 6 or in pursuance of any regulations made under subsection (2) of this section, and to furnish the Board with a copy of the record. (5.) The Board may, subject to the approval of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, by regulations published in the Gazette, amend the Schedule by adding thereto or deleting therefrom the whole or any branch of any .industry, business, trade, or occupation : 12. The Board, after due inquiry, may from time to time exempt any industrial undertaking or class of industrial undertakings in whole or in part from the operation of this Act, or for such seasons or portions of the year as it may consider necessary or expedient having regard to the nature and conditions of the industrial undertaking, the conditions of employment, and the welfare of the employees. 13. (1.) Every employer who neglects or fails to notify his employees of the hours of work as required by the regulations made under clause (a) of subsection (4) of section 11, or who employs any person outside the hours fixed in accordance with that clause, or during any rest interval fixed in accordance with clause (6) of said subsection (4), shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each employee affected. (2.) Except as provided in subsection (1), every employer and every employee who neglects or fails to perform any duty imposed on him by this Act or the regulations, or who refuses or neglects to permit of any inspection or examination authorized by this Act or the regulations, or who refuses or neglects to disclose, produce, furnish, or deliver any information or thing required under this Act or the regulations, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than five hundred doflars. (3.) Every person who violates any provision of this Act or of the regulations, for which violation no penalty is otherwise provided in this Act, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars. 14. The provisions of this Act shall not in any way limit or affect the provisions of the " Coalmines Regulation Act," or the " Metalliferous Mines Inspection Act," or the " Labour Regulation Act." 15. In the absence of any special vote of the Legislative Assembly for the purpose of this Act, all expenses incurred in the administration of this Act shall be fixed by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, and shall be payable out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund. 16. The "Hours of Work Act, 1923," being chapter 107 of "Revised Statutes of British Columbia, 1924," is repealed. 17. This Act shall come into operation on a day to be fixed by the Lieutenant-Governor by his Proclamation. SCHEDULE. (1.) Mining, quarrying, and other works for the extraction of minerals from the earth. (2.) Industries in which articles are manufactured, altered, cleaned, repaired, ornamented, finished, adapted for sale, broken up or demolished, or in which materials are transformed; including ship-building and the generation, transformation, and transmission of electricity or motive power of any kind, and logging operations. (3.) Construction, reconstruction, maintenance, repair, alteration, or demolition of any building, railway, tramway, harbour, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gaswork, waterways, or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for or laying the foundations of any such work or structure. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 15 REGULATIONS. Be it known that, pursuant to and by virtue of the powers and authority vested in the Board of Industrial Relations by the said Act, the said Board has made the following regulations, namely :— Lumbering East of the Cascades. 1. (a.) Persons employed in sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills situate in that part of the Province lying east of the Cascade Mountains may work one hour per day in excess of the limit prescribed by section 3 of the Act, but the total hours worked in any week shall not exceed fifty-four (54). (6.) In the industrial undertakings referred to in clause (a) of this regulation, the limit of hours of work thereby fixed may be exceeded by one hour per day on five days of each week for the purpose of making a shorter work-day on one day of the week, but the total hours worked in any week shall not exceed fifty-four (54). (c.) In sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills situate in that part of the Province lying east of the Cascade Mountains, and which are operated with a single shift of engineers, firemen, and oilers, the engineers, firemen, and oilers may work overtime to the extent of one and one-half hours per day, to cover preparatory and complementary work, in addition to the said fifty-four (54) hours per week set forth in clauses (a) and (6) of this regulation. Lumbering, Night Shift. 2. Persons employed in sawmills, planing-mills, and shingle-mills on night shifts may work a total of forty-eight (48) hours each week in five nights, in lieu of forty-eight (48) hours each week in six nights, but the number of hours worked in any night must not exceed ten (10). Logging. 3. Persons employed in :— (1.) The logging industry in:— (a.) Booming operations; or (6.) Transporting logs by logging-railway, motor-truck, flume, horse, or river- driving ; or (c.) Transporting workmen or supplies for purposes of the said industry; (d.) Or in the operation and upkeep of donkey-engines: Fish-canning. (2.) Canning fish or manufacturing by-products from fish, but not those engaged in salting fish; and in Cook and Bunk Houses. (3.) Cook and bunk houses in connection with any industrial undertaking,— are hereby exempted from the limits prescribed by section 3 of the said Act to the extent necessary to surmount extraordinary conditions which cannot reasonably be otherwise overcome. Engineers, Firemen, and Oilers. 4. In all industrial undertakings which use steam as a motive power and which are operated with a single shift of engineers, firemen, and oilers, the engineers, firemen, and oilers may work overtime to the extent of one and one-half hours per day to perform preparatory or complementary work, in addition to the maximum hours of work prescribed by section 3 of the Act. Shipping Staff. 5. Persons employed as members of the shipping staff in industrial undertakings where shipping operations are of an intermittent nature may work such hours in addition to the working-hours limited by section 3 of the said Act as (but only so many as) shall be necessary to surmount extraordinary conditions which cannot reasonably be otherwise overcome. In determining extraordinary conditions the decision of the Board shall be final, and where the Board is of the opinion that, under the provisions of this regulation, the working-hours limited by section 3 of the Act are being unduly exceeded, the Board shall, by written notification to the management, exclude the industrial undertaking from the provisions of this regulation for such period of time as the Board considers advisable. Emergency Repairs. 6. While engaged upon repair-work requiring immediate performance, persons employed in shipyards, engineering-works, machine-shops, foundries, welding plants, sheet-metal works, belt-works, saw- works, and plants of a like nature may work such hours in addition to the working-hours limited by section 3 of the said Act as (but not more than) may be necessary to prevent serious loss to, or interruption in the operation of, the industrial undertaking for which the repairs are being made. Seasonal Boxes and Shooks. 7. Persons employed in the manufacture of wooden boxes or wooden containers for shipment or distribution of fish, fruit, or vegetables may work during the months of June, July, August, and G 16 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. September in each year such hours in excess of the limit prescribed by section 3 of the said Act as may from time to time be necessary to fill urgent orders. Seasonal Soft Drinks Delivery. 8. During the months of May, June, July, August, and until the 15th day of September in each year, delivery salesmen engaged solely in the distribution of non-alcoholic bottled beverages may work such hours in excess of the hours limited by section 3 of the said Act as may be necessary to surmount exigencies of the trade. Laundries. , 9. Persons employed in laundries may, in any week in which a public holiday (other than Sunday) occurs, work on each of the remaining working-days of the week such hours in excess of the limit of hours prescribed by section 3 of the said Act as may be necessary to avoid serious interference with the business of the industry, but the total hours worked in any such week shall not exceed forty-* eight (48). Seasonal Lithographing. 10. During the months of May, June, July, August, September, and October in each year persons employed in the lithographing industry may work such hours in excess of the hours prescribed by section 3 of the said Act as may from time to time be necessary to fill urgent orders. This exemption shall only apply when sufficient competent help is not available. Temporary Exemptions. 11. Temporary exceptions will be allowed by the Board by the granting of written temporary exemption permits limiting by their terms the extent thereof, but only upon being satisfied by application in writing, signed by the applicant or some one thereunto duly authorized, of the urgency and necessity for the exception, that it is of a temporary nature, and that no other means of adequately overcoming such temporary urgent condition is, or has been, reasonably available, and that the additional working-hours applied for will not be more than will suffice for the extra pressure of work requiring the same. . Overtime Record. 12. Every employer shall keep a record in the manner required by subsection (1) of section 9 of the said Act of all additional hours worked in pursuance of section 6 of the said Act or in pursuance of any regulation. 13. Every employer shall notify, by means of the posting of notices in conspicuous places in the works or other suitable place, where the same may readily be seen by all persons employed by him, the hours at which work begins and ends, and, where work is carried on by shifts, the hours at which each shift begins and ends; also such rest intervals accorded during the period of work as are not reckoned as part of the working-hours; these hours shall be so fixed that the duration of the work shall not exceed the limits prescribed by the " Hours of Work Act, 1934," or by the regulations made thereunder, and when so notified they shall not be changed except upon twenty-four hours' notice of such change posted as hereinbefore specified, and in all cases of partial or temporary exemption granted by the Board of Industrial Relations under sections 11 and 12 of the Act or Regulation 11 above, a like notice of the change in working-house shall be posted, which notice shall also state the grounds on which the exemption was granted. Made and given at Victoria, British Columbia, this 14th day of June, 1934. By BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill, Member. James Thomson, Member. Christopher John McDowell, Member. W. A. Carrothers, Member. " FEMALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT." The above Act was amended to prohibit the employment of male persons in work usually performed by female employees at a wage less than the minimum wage fixed by the Orders of the Board, except male apprentices duly apprenticed by indentures approved by the Board and who are receiving proper instruction from the persons to whom they are apprenticed. The Board of Industrial Relations is charged with the administration, and have promulgated the following Orders :— Order No. 3, relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Order No. 3a (Emergency), varying Order No. 3, relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Order No. 4, governing Office Occupation. Order No. 5, governing Public Housekeeping Occupation. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 17 The Act and new Orders follow:— 24 George V. CHAP. 48. An Act to amend and consolidate the Act respecting a Minimum Wage for Women. [Assented to 29th March, 1934.] His Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:— 1. This Act may be cited as the " Female Minimum Wage Act." 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires:— " Board " means the Board of Industrial Relations constituted under the provisions of the " Male Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the present session: " Employee " means any female person who is in receipt of or entitled to any compensation for labour or services performed for another: " Employer" includes every person, firm, corporation, agent, manager, representative, contractor, or sub-contractor having control or direction of, or responsible, directly or indirectly, for the wages of, any employee: " Minimum wage " means the amount of wages fixed by the Board under this Act: " Wage " or " wages " includes any compensation for labour or services, measured by time, piece, or otherwise. 3. (1.) Subject to subsection (2), this Act shall apply to all employees in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, and to their employers. (2.) This Act shall not apply in respect of farm-labourers, fruit-pickers, or domestic servants. 4. (1.) After the holding from time to time of such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, the Board may make an order fixing a minimum wage for employees at such rate and in such manner as the Board in its discretion considers advisable. (2.) Without limiting the generality of the provisions of subsection (1), the Board may by its order:—■ (a.) Apply the minimum wage so fixed to all employees or to any group or class of employees in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, or to any group or class of employees in all or in any two or more industries, businesses, trades, or occupations: (6.) Fix a different minimum wage to be paid to employees in the same industry, business, trade, or occupation in different parts of the Province: (c.) Fix a minimum wage applicable only in the part or parts of the Province designated in the order: (d.) Fix the minimum wage upon an hourly, daily, weekly, or monthly basis. (3.) The Board, either by the order fixing a minimum wage or by a subsequent order, may specify such maximum hours of labour and such conditions of labour and employment in respect of the employees to whom the order applies as the Board in its discretion considers necessary or expedient for the welfare of the employees. (4.) Every order of the Board made under this Act shall apply throughout the Province, unless its application is by its terms restricted to some designated part or parts of the Province. 5. In the case of any employees classified by the Board as handicapped, or as part-time employees, or as apprentices, the Board may by permit in writing authorize the payment of a wage less than the minimum wage fixed under section 4; and may in any case limit and define the number of handicapped employees, or part-time employees, or apprentices to whom the lesser wage fixed under this section may be payable by any employer. 6. (1.) In the case of an employee over eighteen years of age who is desirous of learning any industry, business, trade, or occupation in respect of which a minimum wage has been fixed, and in which apprentices are not usually employed, and who has not had sufficient experience, in the opinion of the Board, or as defined in any order of the Board relating to that industry, business, trade, or occupation, to qualify her as an experienced employee therein, the Board may issue to that employee a special licence authorizing her employment in that industry, business, trade, or occupation at a minimum wage according to the rate fixed in the order for inexperienced employees, or, if no rate has been fixed therein for inexperienced employees, at a minimum wage, to be fixed by the Board in the licence, less than the minimum wage fixed under section 4. (2.) Every special licence under this section shall be issued only in the discretion of the Board, and in cases where the Board is satisfied that the application therefor is made in good faith, and shall remain in force for such period as is fixed by the Board. (3.) The number of employees holding special licences under this section employed in any plant or establishment shall not exceed one-seventh of the whole number of the employees in that plant or establishment: Provided that in any plant or establishment where less than seven employees are employed one employee holding a special licence may be employed (4.) The aggregate number of employees holding special licences under this section and employees under eighteen years of age employed in any plant or establishment shall not exceed thirty-five per centum of the whole number of the employees in that plant or establishment. 7. (1.) Where a minimum wage has been fixed by order of the Board under this Act for employees in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, no person shall employ in that industry, business, trade, or occupation in or about any work usually done by the employees within the scope of the order any male person over eighteen years of age at a wage less than the minimum wage so 2 G 18 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. fixed, except male apprentices who have been duly apprenticed by indentures approved by the Board, and who are receiving proper instruction from the persons to whom they are apprenticed. (2.) Every person who employs any male person in contravention of subsection (1) shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars and not more than one hundred dollars; and, in addition thereto, shall upon conviction be ordered to pay to each male person so employed the difference between the wages actually paid to him and the minimum wage so fixed by the Board. 8. (1.) The Board may at any time inquire into the wages and the hours and conditions of labour and employment of all or any employees under eighteen years of age employed in any industry, business, trade, or occupation in the Province, and may determine the wages and the hours and conditions of labour suitable for those employees; and may, in like manner and with like- effect as provided in section 4, make an order fixing a minimum wage for those employees, and specifying such maximum hours of labour and such conditions of labour and employment in respect of those employees as the Board in its discretion considers necessary or expedient for the employees. (2.) Where a minimum wage has been fixed by order of the Board under subsection (1) for employees under eighteen years of age employed in any industry, business, trade, or occupation, no person shall employ in that industry, business, trade, or occupation in or about any work usually done by the employees within the scope of the order any male person under eighteen years of age at a wage less than the minimum wage so fixed; and every person who employs any male person in contravention of this subsection shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than twenty-five dollars and not more than one hundred dollars; and, in addition thereto, shall upon conviction be ordered to pay to each male person so employed the difference between the wages actually paid to him and the minimum wage so fixed by the Board. 9. Where board or lodging is furnished by any employer to an employee or other person to whom a minimum wage fixed by the Board applies, the Board may investigate the matter; and, if in the opinion of the Board the price charged by the employer for the board or lodging is excessive and unduly affects the wages of the employee or person, the Board may make an order fixing a maximum price to be charged by the employer for the board or lodging. 10. (1.) The Board may from time to time hold an inquiry for the purpose of investigating the facts with respect to any persons engaged or working in or about any industry, business, trade, or occupation as members or alleged members of any partnership or association or in the execution of any agreement or scheme of profit-sharing or co-operative or joint contract or undertaking, including the investigation of the contractual and other relations of the persons so engaged or working, as between themselves or as between them and their master or employer; and if, after the holding of such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, the Board is of the opinion that the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme and the engagement or working of those persons in connection therewith as aforesaid are intended or have the effect, either directly or indirectly, of defeating the true intent and object of this Act in respect of the payment of a minimum wage, the Board may, notwithstanding the provisions of any other Act, make an order prohibiting the carrying-on of the partnership, association, agreement, or scheme in whole or in part, and prohibiting the doing by any person of any act or thing in connection therewith set out in. the order; and the order shall be published in the Gazette, and thereupon shall take effect and be binding on all persons so engaged or working and on their master or employer (if any). (2.) Every person who contravenes any order made under subsection (1), or does any act or thing prohibited by an order so made, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, and in default of immediate payment of the fine shall be liable to imprisonment for a period of not less than two months nor more than six months. 11. For the purpose of any inquiry held pursuant to the provisions of this Act, the Board shall, in respect of the inquiry, have the like powers as are by law given to commissioners appointed under the " Public Inquiries Act." 12. Every order of the Board fixing a minimum wage shall be published in the Gazette and shall take effeet at the expiration of fourteen days after the date of publication. 13. Upon the petition of any employers or employees, or upon its own motion, the Board may review, suspend, vary, or rescind any order made by it pursuant to the provisions of this Act. 14. The Board shall supply copies of every order fixing a minimum wage to any employer requesting the same, and every employer of employees affected by any such order shall post and keep posted in a conspicuous place in his establishment or plant a copy of the order, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. 15. (1.) Every employer shall keep in his principal place of business in the Province a true and correct record in the English language of the wages paid to and the hours worked each day by each of his employees, including each male person in his employ to whom section 7 or 8 applies, together with a register in the English language of the names, ages, nationalities, and residential addresses of all his employees, including each male person in his employ to whom section 7 or 8 applies. (2.) Every employer shall, on demand of the Board or any person authorized in writing by the Board, or by the Chairman of the Board, produce for inspection all records kept by him relating to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of labour and employment of any person employed by him. 16. The Board may, either by any member of the Board designated in writing by the Chairman thereof, or by any person authorized in writing by the Board or the Chairman:— (a.) Inspect and examine all books, pay-rolls, and other records of any employer which in any way relate to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of labour and employment affecting any employees: REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 19 (6.) Take extracts from or make copies of any entry in such books, pay-rolls, and records: (c.) Require from any employer full and correct statements respecting the wages paid to his employees, including each male person in his employ to whom section 7 or 8 applies, and the hours of labour and conditions of their labour and employment, duly verified on oath: (d.) Require any employee or other person to whom this Act applies to make full disclosure, production, or delivery to the Board, or to the person so authorized, of all records, documents, statements, writings, books, papers, extracts therefrom, or copies thereof as the employee or person may have in her or his possession or control, or other information either verbal or in writing, and either verified on oath or otherwise as may be directed, as may in any way relate to the wages, hours of labour, or conditions of her or his employment: (e.) Require any employer or other person to whom this Act applies to make full disclosure, production, or delivery to the Board, or to the person so authorized, of all records, documents, statements, writings, books, papers, extracts therefrom, or copies thereof as the employer or person may have in his possession or control, or other information either verbal or in writing, and either verified on oath or otherwise as may be directed, as may in any way relate to the profit and loss and the production and operating costs in the industry, business, trade, or occupation carried on by or under the control or direction of the employer or person as, in the discretion of the Board, are considered necessary for the purposes of this Act. 17. (1.) Every employer who contravenes any order of the Board made under this Act by the payment of wages of less amount than the minimum wage fixed by the Board, or by the charging of a price for board or lodging in excess of the maximum price fixed by the Board, or who employs an employee for whom maximum hours of labour have been fixed under this Act, for longer hours than the maximum so fixed, or who neglects or fails to comply with any order made under this Act as to conditions of labour and employment, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars for each employee affected; and, in addition thereto, shall upon conviction be ordered to pay to each employee the difference between the wages actually paid to her and the minimum wage fixed by the Board; and in default of payment of such penalty or difference shall be liable to imprisonment for a period of not less than two months nor more than six months. (2.) Every employer and every employee or other person who neglects or fails to perform any duty imposed on him or her by this Act, or who refuses or neglects to permit of any inspection or examination authorized by this Act, or who refuses or neglects to disclose, produce, furnish, or deliver any information or thing required under this Act, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not less than ten dollars nor more than five hundred dollars. 18. (1.) Any employer who discharges or in any other manner discriminates against any employee because the employee has made a complaint under this Act or has testified or is about to testify, or because such employer believes that the employee may testify, at any inquiry or in any proceedings relative to the enforcement of this Act, or because the employee has made or is about to make any such disclosure as may be required of her by virtue of the provisions of this Act, shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a penalty of not more than five hundred dollars. (2.) For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act without prejudice to any complainant, in any case where the complainant requests that his or her name and identity be withheld, the name and identity of the complainant shall not be disclosed to any person by the Board, except where disclosure is necessary for the purposes of any prosecution under this Act or is considered by the Board to be in the public interest. 19. Where an employee by collusion with her employer or otherwise works for less than the minimum wage to which she is entitled under this Act, or directly or indirectly returns to her employer any part of her wages which has the effect of reducing the wages actually received and retained by the employee to an amount less than the minimum wage to which she is entitled, the employee and the employer shall each be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine of not more than one hundred dollars, in addition to all other penalties to which she or he may be liable under this Act. For the purpose of any prosecution for an offence under this section, proof of the fact that any moneys were repaid or paid by the employee to her employer shall be prima facie evidence as against the person charged that the moneys were so repaid or paid for the purpose and had the effect of reducing the wages actually received and retained by the employee to an amount less than the minimum wage to which she was entitled. 20. If any employee is paid less than the minimum wage to which she is entitled under this Act, the employee shall be entitled to recover from her employer, in a civil action, the difference between the amount paid and the amount of the minimum wage, with costs of action; but in the case of an employee whose services with the employer have terminated, no action shall be brought by the employee under this section unless the action is commenced within sixty days next after the termination of the services. 21. The provisions of sections 19 and 20 applicable to employees and employers shall apply, mutatis mutandis, in respect of male persons who are within the scope of section 7 or subsection (2) of section 8, and to the persons by whom they are employed. 22. For the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act according to the true intent and meaning thereof, or of supplying any deficiency therein, the Lieutenant-Governor in Council may G 20 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. make such regulations not inconsistent with the spirit of this Act as may be considered necessary, advisable, or convenient. 23. The " Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 173 of the " Revised Statutes of British Columbia, 1924," is repealed. 24. All orders made under the Act repealed by this Act and subsisting at the time of its repeal shall continue, subject to this Act, and shall be deemed to be orders duly made and in force under this Act. ORDER No. 3. Order relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Pursuant to the provisions of the " Female Minimum Wage Act," being an Act of the 1934 session of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, the Board of Industrial Relations, having held such inquiry as the Board considers adequate, hereby orders:— 1. That where used in this Order the following expressions shall have the following meanings respectively:— (a.) " Fruit and vegetable industry " includes the work of females engaged in canning, preserving, drying, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use any kind of fruit or vegetable: (6.) "Experienced female employee" means a female employee who has worked in the fruit and vegetable industry for a period of two months : (c.) " Inexperienced female employee " means a female employee who has worked in the fruit and vegetable industry for a period of less than two months. 2. That subject to the other provisions of this Order the minimum wage for every experienced female employee in the fruit and vegetable industry (except women to whom special licences are issued under sections 5 and 6 of the said Act) shall be:— (a.) The sum of twenty-seven cents (27c.) per hour .for every hour up to eight (8) hours in any one day: (6.) The sum of forty cents (40c.) per hour for every hour in excess of eight (8) hours and up to twelve (12) hours in any one day: (c.) The sum of fifty-four cents (54c.) per hour for every hour in excess of twelve (12) hours in any one day. 3. That subject to the other provisions of this Order the minimum wage for every inexperienced female employee in the fruit and vegetable industry (except women to whom special licences are issued under sections 5 and 6 of the said Act) shall be:— (a.) The sum of twenty-five cents (25c.) per hour for every hour up to eight (8) hours in any one day: (6.) The sum of thirty-seven and one-half cents (37%c.) per hour for every hour in excess of eight (8) hours and up to twelve (12) hours in any one day: (c.) The sum of fifty cents (50e.) per hour for every hour in excess of twelve (12) hours in any one day. 4. This Order shall become effective at the expiration of fourteen days after its publication in the British Columbia Gazette of May 3rd, 1934, and upon the taking effect of this Order, the Order of the Minimum Wage Board made under the " Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 173 of the " Revised Statutes of British Columbia, 1924," governing the fruit and vegetable industry, which was published in the British Columbia Gazette of September 16th, 1926, shall be rescinded. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 2nd day of May, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. James Thomson. Christopher John McDowell. W. A. Carrothers. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in the employer's establishment, sc that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. Order No. 3a (Emergency), varying Order No. 3, relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. Pursuant to sections 4 and 13 of the " Female Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 48 of the Statutes of British Columbia, 1934, the Board of Industrial Relations hereby orders that Order No. 3 of the Board relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry, dated the 2nd of May, 1934, be varied as follows:— REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 21 1. By adding to clause 2 thereof the following proviso:— " Provided that in cases where experienced female employees in the fruit and vegetable industry are required to work in excess of eight (8) hours but not exceeding ten (10) hours in any one day, in order to handle or deal with perishable fruits and (or) vegetables which have been delivered to the plant or plants of their employer or employers in larger quantities than can be handled or dealt with within eight (8) hours in any one day, the minimum wage for every such employee shall be not less than the sum of twenty-seven cents (27c.) per hour." 2. By adding to clause 3 thereof the following proviso:— " Provided that in eases where inexperienced female employees in the fruit and vegetable industry are required to work in excess of eight (8) hours but not exceeding ten (10) hours in any one day, in order to handle or deal with perishable fruits and (or) vegetables which have been delivered to the plant or plants of their employer or employers in larger quantities than can be handled or dealt with within eight (8) hours in any one day, the minimum wage for every such employee shall be not less than the sum of twenty-five cents (25c.) per hour." Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 12th day of June, 1934. BOARD OP INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. William Alexander Carrothers. ' Christopher John McDowell. • James Thomson. The above Order was published in the B.C. Gazette on June 14th, 1934, and becomes effective at the expiration of fourteen days after that date. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in the employer's establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. ORDER No. 4. Order governing Office Occupation. Pursuant to sections 4 and 13 of the " Female Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 48 of the Statutes of British Columbia, 1934, the Board of Industrial Relations hereby orders:— 1. That where used in this Order the expression " office occupation " includes the work of females employed as stenographers ; book-keepers ; typists ; billing clerks ; filing clerks ; cashiers ; cash-girls (not included in other Orders) ; checkers; invoicers; comptometer operators; auditors; attendants in physicians' offices, dentists' offices, and other offices; and all kinds of clerical help. 2. That, subject to the other provisions of this Order, the minimum wage for every female employee eighteen years of age or over that age in the office occupation (except women to whom special licences are issued under section 6 of the said Act) shall be $15 a week of forty-eight hours, or 31,4 cents per hour. 3. The minimum wage for every girl under eighteen years of age in the office occupation shall be as follows :—- $11 a week during the first six months' employment in such occupation. $12 a week during the second six months' employment in such occupation. $13 a week during the third six months' employment in such occupation. $14 a week during the fourth six months' employment in such occupation. $15 a week of forty-eight hours, or 31% cents per hour thereafter. 4. The minimum wage for every female apprentice eighteen years of age or over that age in the office occupation shall be as follows:— $11 a week during the first three months' employment in such occupation. $12 a week during the second three months' employment in such occupation. $13 a week during the third three months' employment in such occupation. $14 a week during the fourth three months' employment in such occupation. $15 a week of forty-eight hours, or 31% cents per hour thereafter. 5. Licences must be obtained from the Board before such female apprentices eighteen years of age or over that age may be employed at the rates set forth in section 4 of this Order. Application forms for such licences may be obtained from the Board, Parliament Buildings, Victoria, B.C. 6. No woman or girl shall be employed in the office occupation for a greater number of hours than forty-eight in any one week unless a special permit in writing has been obtained from the Chairman or Secretary of the Board. 7. Every woman or girl employed for a greater number of hours than forty-eight in any one week shall be paid pro rata for such excess time according to the legal rate to which she is entitled as provided by sections 2, 3, or 4 of this Order. 8. Every woman or girl employed for a lesser number of hours than forty-eight in any one week may be paid pro rata for such time according to the legal rate to which she is entitled as provided by sections 2, 3, or 4 of this Order. 9. This Order shall be published in the British Columbia Gazette on the 10th day of May, 1934, and shall take effect at the expiration of fourteen days thereafter, and shall be in substitution for the Order of the Minimum Wage Board governing the Office Occupation published in the British Columbia Gazette on the 17th day of July, 1919, which is hereby rescinded. Dated at Victoria, B.C., this 2nd day of May, 1934. BOARD OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS. Adam Bell, Chairman. William Alexander Carrothers. Helen Gregory MacGill. James Thomson. Christopher John McDowell. This Order must be posted and kept posted in a conspicuous place in the employer's plant or establishment, so that all employees affected thereby may have ready access to and see the same. "BARBERS ACT AMENDMENT ACT, 1934." Subsection 4 (a) of section 6 gives the right of any person who has failed to pass the examination, or whose certificate or permit has been revoked, or who feels himself aggrieved or is affected by any order, finding, action, or decision of the Board, the right of appeal to the nearest County Court, within one month from the date of such order, finding, or decision, or the publication or express notice thereof. Section 7 prohibits any person whose name is not on the register to engage in the occupation of barbering. Proprietors may employ one apprentice for every four duly qualified persons working in his establishment. " FACTORIES ACT AMENDMENT ACT, 1934." Section 3 (2) now brings every laundry run for profit and every laundry run by a person who holds a licence therefor, issued by any municipality, within the scope of the Act. " INCOME TAX ACT AMENDMENT ACT, 1934." Raises the exemption of a married person whose wife or husband resides in the Dominion, or a householder, widow or widower with dependent children, to $1,000, and $600 in the case of a single person, widow or widower without dependent children. Exempts wages of $50 per month from payment of the 1-per-cent. tax. DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES. Among the various activities administered by this Department are: " Semi-monthly Payment of Wages Act," " Female Minimum Wage Act," " Hours of Work Act," " Male Minimum Wage Act," " Inspection of Factories," " Employment Service," conciliation and settlement of strikes, and unemployment relief, and the collection and compilation of statistical information relating to industry within the Province. Reports covering these will be found in the following pages. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 23 UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF BRANCH. THE " RELIEF ACT, 1933." Survey. At the expiry of the 1932 Act the unemployment situation in the Province still continued to present an acute problem, with very little (if any) noticeable improvement in industrial employment opportunities, and it was quite evident that relief assistance to the unemployed would have to be continued. By this time there were many who, having struggled along on their own efforts through the preceding years of depression, now found themselves at the end of their resources and compelled to apply to the Government for assistance; in addition, many of the private charitable organizations which had been operating in assistance for the unemployed throughout this period now found their resources almost exhausted. 1933 Act. Federal contribution to this assistance was continued in the form of direct relief only under authority of the " Relief Act, 1933," assented to March 30th, 1933, under which an agreement was entered into between the Province and the Dominion dated May 1st, 1933, covering Dominion contribution to expenditures for this purpose effective as from April 1st, 1933, to July 31st, 1933, for Municipal and Provincial responsibilities; with additional provision to " homeless " men for relief on work projects throughout the Province under responsibility of the Federal Government, or contribution for this class in placer-mining camps. Following urgent representations by the Province to the Dominion for continued relief assistance by Federal contribution to Municipal and Provincial responsibilities, a further revised agreement was entered into between the Province and the Dominion dated August 1st, 1933, covering Federal contribution to expenditures from that date to March 31st, 1934; the governing- regulations under these two agreements being set forth as below. The previous agreement of November 1st, 1932, covering the " Special Relief Commission," continued in effect up to June 30th, 1933, for relief to single " homeless " men as shown under this heading. Registration. At April 1st, 1933, the number of registered unemployed had reached a mark of 98,289, with registration still continuing as under previous regulations throughout the period of the above- mentioned Act; and at the end of December, 1933, this number had increased to a grand total of 114,279. Provincial Transients.—Under previous regulation of the Unemployment Relief Committee all applicants for relief were required to be registered on a Provincial registration form; a later regulation providing that any person entering the Province subsequent to September 30th, 1932, would be ineligible for registration or relief. It was the policy to endeavour to persuade these drifters into the Province to return from whence they came and assistance to this end was extended by the Province in many cases; but, in the meantime, it was considered these people could not be allowed to starve, as many of them were absolutely destitute and without any means of providing themselves with even food, and for this purpose a special form of registration was introduced, under authority of the Committee, providing for a measure of temporary assistance only for this class. This was inaugurated originally, under date of August 11th, 1933, for especial use in the City of Vancouver, but was later extended to cover similar cases throughout other sections of the Province, and continued in force during period of the 1933 Act, as, despite the educative and protective methods which had been adopted, these people still continued to find their way into the Province. Administration. Direct relief under this Act continued to be administered as before by the relief organization under authority of the Unemployment Relief Committee (with exception of the Special Relief Commission and " homeless " men shown elsewhere) up to the first week of August, 1933, when a reorganization of the administration took place. Prior to this date the Minister of Public Works had been in charge of the workings of the Relief Acts, with the Unemployment Relief Committee responsible for the policies set—the administration being carried out by the relief organization under authority of the Committee, the Minister of Labour acting as Chairman of the Committee. G 24 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Under the reorganization the Minister of Labour became directly responsible to the Provincial Executive Council for the working of the Act and the policy of the entire relief administration to be carried out thereunder—with exception of the continuing Special Relief Commission and " homeless " men, the administration of which is treated under that heading. The Unemployment Relief Committee automatically relinquished its duties as such, this administration being placed in the hands of an Administrator acting under authority of the Minister of Labour. Direct Relief. Definition.—Direct relief under the above-mentioned agreements was defined as covering food, fuel, clothing, and shelter—or the equivalent thereof as recommended by the Province and approved by the Dominion. Municipal.—In municipalities direct relief was continued to be dispensed under this Act by the municipal officials as heretofore, each municipality being held responsible for its own costs of administration for such, except as hereinafter set forth. Municipal Residents.—The basis of Federal contribution to direct relief expenditures under the May 1st agreement to persons in municipalities classed as " municipal residents "—being those other than under the classification of " homeless " men and those classified as " transient families" (treated elsewhere)—was 33% per cent, for the months of April and May, 1933, 20 per cent, for the month of June, and 10 per cent, for the month of July, with provision, upon application, for increase in such contribution equal to Provincial contribution, as recommended by the Province and approved by the Dominion. Upon advice to the municipalities accordingly, urgent representations were made by them to the Province for continuation of the 33%-per-cent. contribution by each of the Governments for the months of June and July, as many of the municipalities were facing a financial crisis at this time and utterly unable to bear more than one-third share of such costs (a few even less) in addition to administration costs ; recommendations were accordingly made by the Province to the Dominion for continuance of Federal contribution in municipalities for the months of June and July on similar basis to the previous months of April and May, with special consideration for certain municipalities as recommended. Federal contribution was finally set as 33% per cent, under May 1st agreement for classification as above; this was continued likewise under the August 1st agreement for all " municipal residents "—this classification under the August 1st agreement being defined as those other than "homeless persons" and "transient families" (as shown elsewhere)—the balance of contribution for municipal residents being borne one-third by the Province and one-third by the Municipalities. Transient Families.—Under the agreements of May 1st and August 1st, " transient families " were defined as those families living within the Province with no settled place of abode therein and deemed by the Province to be ineligible for relief within a municipality. Direct relief to this class in municipalities was on the basis of equal responsibility of the two Governments for the period covered by agreements as above. Single " Homeless " Women in Municipalities.—Under the agreement of May 1st, the single " homeless" women in municipalities were on a similar basis of contribution as municipal residents shown above up to July 31st, 1933. From commencement of the August 1st agreement to expiry of the Act these single " homeless " women were classed on the basis of an equal responsibility of the two Governments—for a contribution not in excess of 40 cents per person per day. Single " Homeless " Men in Municipalities.—The single " homeless " men in municipalities under the agreement of May 1st were on a similar basis of contribution as municipal residents shown above up to July 31st, 1933 (with exception of those receiving relief in approved urban centres and hostels under administration of the Board of Administration for Single Men—as shown under "Special Relief Commission"). Under the agreement of August 1st, these men were classified separately as " fit" and " unfit " cases, according to medical examination, for relief camps, and from that date these two cassifications were placed on the basis of equal contribution by the two Governments—for a contribution not in excess of 40 cents per man per day. Provincial.—Direct relief in unorganized territory under this Act was dispensed as before by the local disbursing relief officers in the various districts throughout the Province, and was continued on the basis of equal responsibility of the two Governments (including "transient REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 25 families") for the period covered by the above-mentioned agreements. The single "homeless" men were classified separately as " fit" and " unfit" cases from date of the August 1st agreement ; the contribution for both classifications being 50 per cent., Dominion and Province. Special Relief Commission. The agreement of November 1st, 1932, covering the appointment of a Special Relief Commission for the care of certain of the single homeless destitute persons in the Province, was continued in effect following expiry of the 1932 Act by extension of time granted under Order in Council up to June 30th, 1933, at which date this Commission was dissolved and a representative of the Federal Government (Colonel D. W. B. Spry) appointed by Order in Council as Administrator to take over the functions and duties of the " Board of Administration for Single Men." Colonel Spry continued in office as Administrator of this Board until early November, when he was recalled to Ottawa by the Dominion Government. Farm Placements.—Farm placements were continued as under the agreement of November 1st, 1932, up to the end of June, 1933, with one cancellation; when this policy was automatically discontinued. This was reopened under the agreement of August 1st, but later applications being rejected owing to later discontinuance of the policy, only one placement (effected in September) remained in force to expiry of the Act. Camps—National Defence.—The 1933 agreements provided for the taking-over by the Federal Government without charge (under jurisdiction of the National Defence Department) the established Provincial relief camps throughout the Province—including camp equipment, stores and supplies therein at time of taking over—for the purpose of executing certain relief projects in the Province as set forth in the agreements of May 1st and August 1st; the single homeless men in these camps classified as " fit" cases to become a total Dominion responsibility thereafter, and to receive food, shelter, and clothing and a cash allowance of 20 cents per man for each eight-hour working-day (Sundays and Saturday afternoons and holidays to be observed). It was understood that no military discipline would be enforced in these camps, and these were taken over by the National Defence Department from the Board of Administration for Single Men (under whom they were being administered) progressively as from June 1st, 1933, as and when the various relief projects throughout the Province were instituted for commencement. All rights-of-way for such projects were required to be provided by the Province, together with road machinery and operators for same, and engineering staff where available, the Province to transfer to the Dominion free of charge all Provincial Crown lands as required, with any timber or water rights thereon, and to co-operate in forest-fire protection where required. All applicants for National Defence camps were required to be medically examined, and only those classified as physically " fit" were accepted by the Dominion for work on relief projects under these camps, as provided under the agreement of August 1st (the May 1st agreement providing for the care of "homeless" men in these camps) ; medical examination and transportation being provided through the offices of the Employment Service of Canada, admin: istering these services as representative of the Federal Government. These "■ fit" cases were accepted for transport to National Defence camps as and when accommodation was available; the Federal Government finally ruling that these men would only become a total Dominion responsibility upon actual arrival at camp. The number of men receiving relief in Provincial camps during the month of May, 1933, was shown at 5,509; during the month of December, 1933, the National Defence camps showed 7,520 men accommodated (including supervisory staff and labourers), which figure comprised both military units known as Military Districts Nos. 11 and 13. Camps—Provincial.—Camps not taken over by the National Defence Department were continued under administration of the Board of Administration for Single Men on the basis of the agreement of November 1st, 1932, providing for a 100-per-cent. Federal contribution (not to exceed 40 cents per man per day) up to July 31st, 1933, for food, clothing, and shelter, and other permissible charges as shown under this agreement for light, water, etc. Provision was made under the agreement of August 1st for contribution to Provincial non- work camps for "unfit" cases of single homeless men under equal contribution by the two Governments not in excess of 40 cents per man per day for food, fuel, and clothing; the permissible charges against such allowances being light, heat, water, wages of cooks and assistants, and one superintendent for all camps—all other administration charges for such camps being borne by the Province. This continued in effect to expiry of the Act. G 26 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. The number of men receiving relief in Provincial non-work camps during the month of December, 1933, has been shown at 346. Works Projects, etc. Municipal.—Municipal works projects were carried out in the Municipality of Penticton and the City of Cranbrook, as provided by the agreement of August 1st, 1933, under one-third contribution each by the Dominion and Provincial Governments and municipalities concerned, such Government contribution to cover direct labour charges only for such works. Covering schedules were submitted to the Dominion for approval and work commenced in the late fall, the projects to be carried out comprising irrigation reservoir and park improvements. Work schedules were also submitted for projects in the City of Vancouver and Municipality of Kent, but no work was undertaken thereunder during the period of the 1933 Act. Work in Return for Direct Relief. The policy of requiring relief recipients to make some return in public service for direct relief administered in municipalities and unorganized territory (with exception of the non-work camps) was continued throughout the period of the 1933 Act; refusal to perform such work or to go to camp constituting ineligibility of such persons for further relief elsewhere. In the case of families of such men, however, relief in kind was provided for these dependents, as it was considered that the women and children should not be allowed to starve. Seeds (Grain and Vegetable). In the spring of 1933 arrangements were also made for distribution by the Province of a limited number of collections of vegetable-garden seeds to needy settlers on relief in unorganized territory; similar distribution was also made in the spring of 1934 to Provincial cases on relief. Land Settlement. A number of families were placed on the land under the land-settlement policy of the agreement, to which contribution was made by the two Governments and municipalities equally. Summary showing Numbers receiving Relief for Period January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933; (Figures shown for each month separately.) (Including direct relief in organized and unorganized territory; also works projects undertaken in certain municipalities; also farm placements and Provincial and National Defence camps.) Numbers. Classification. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. January only, 19S3. Municipal— 14,353 1,109 47,453 3,497 61,806 4,606 2,944 874 2,944 874 Provincial— 6,705 48 20,081 172 26,786 220 5,857 48 6,141 1,651 ' 10,299 2 5,857 48 Special Relief Commission—■ 6,141 1,651 10,299 2 22,215 71,203 27,816 121 234 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 27 Summary showing Numbers receiving Relief -for Period January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933—Continued. Classification. Numbers. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. February only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Special Relief Commission—■ Camps Hostels Urban centres Farm placements Total, February March only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Special Relief Commission— Camps Hostels Urban centres Farm placements Total, March April only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Special Relief Commission—• Camps Hostels Urban centres Farm placements Total, April 15,388 1,320 6,851 52 23,611 15,932 1,408 7,584 45 24,969 15,677 1,287 6,905 74 48,884 4,038 20,526 187 73,635 46,287 3,718 23,133 164 73,302 23,943 44,334 3,431 20,896 235 68,896 3,656 1,035 70 6,045 1,612 10,854 4 29,656 4,116 1,059 0,410 87 6,058 1,439 11,407 5 30,587 3,301 1,036 0,575 82 5,634 1,868 10,644 6 29,206 64,272 5,358 3,656 1,035 27,377 239 6,380 70 6,045 1,612 10,854 4 120,902 62,219 5,126 4,116 1,059 30,717 209 6,416 87 6,058 1,439 11,407 5 128,858 00,011 4,718 3,301 1,036 27,801 309 6,575 82 5,634 1,868 10,644 6 122,045 G 28 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Summary* showing Numbers receiving Relief for Period January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933—Continued. Classification. Numbers. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. May only. Municipal— 13,906 1,244 40,087 3,396 54,593 4,640 3,140 1,027 28,682 327 7,740 86 5,509 2,160 8,598 6 3,140 1,027 Provincial— 7,029 77 • 21,653 250 7,740 86 5,509 2,160 8,598 6 Special Relief Commission— Total, May .. . 22,256 65,986 28,266 116,508 June only. Municipal-— 12,915 1,198 36,417 3,314 49,332 4,512 2,650 988 27,549 307 7,799 97 4,080 2,593 7,860 6 1,344 2,650 988 Provincial— 6,786 72 20,763 235 7,799 97 4,080. 2,593 7,800 6 1,344 Special Relief Commission—■ Urban centres 20,971 60,729 27,417 109,117 July only. Municipal— 12,327 1,093 32,291 2,831 44,618 3,924 2,404 927 25,669 223 6,171 96 2,725 2,252 5,739 Single men ' 2,404 927 Provincial— 6,321 52 19,348 171 Single men 6,171 96 2,725 2,252 5,739 Special Relief Commission— 2,432 2,432 Total, July 1 9 79R 54 641 22 746 07 ISO I REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 29 Summary showing Numbers receiving Relief for Period January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933—Continued. Classification. Numbers. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. August only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Single homeless men— Camps (Provincial) Hostels .... Farm placements Homesteaders National Defence Camps Total, August September only Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Single homeless men— Camps (Provincial) Hostels Farm placements Homesteaders National Defence Camps Total, September October only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Single homeless men— Camps (Provincial) Hostels Farm placements National Defence Camps Total, October 11,668 1,141 5,907 40 19,109 32,102 2,817 18,240 144 54,060 5,427 1,003 4,015 97 1,486 1,467 451 3,848 43,830 3,958 5,427 1,003 24,147 184 4,015 97 1,486 1,467 451 3,848 18,756 53,363 17,794 89,913 11,520 31,730 2,746 43,250 1,109 3,855 5,441 844 5,441 844 5,904 18,221 104 24,125 29 133 3,210 92 1,125 1,669 1 551 4,074 3,210 92 1,125 1,669 1 551 4,074 18,562 52,801 17,007 88,370 11,629 31,908 3,042 • 43,537 1,206 4,248 5,926 831 5,926 831 6,249 19,021 89 25,270 25 114 4,497 97 1,063 2,527 1 6,536 4,497 97 1,063 2,527 1 6.536 21,478 94,647 G 30 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Summary showing Numbers receiving Relief for Period January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933—Continued. Classification. Numbers. Heads of Families. Dependents. Single Individuals. Total. November only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Single homeless men— Camps (Provincial) Hostels Farm placements National Defence Camps Total, November <„. December only. Municipal— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Provincial— Resident families Transient families Single men Single women Single homeless men—■ Camps (Provincial) Hostels Farm placements National Defence Camps Total, December 12,358 1,377 6,514 21 20,270 13,556 1,490 6,932 28 33,298 3,456 19,764 74 56,592 36,945 8,766 21,158 108 61,977 7,454 826 4,741 104 436 2,318 1 7,093 22,973 9,813 852 5,081 103 346 1,844 1 7,520 25,560 45,656 4,833 7,454 826 26,278 95 4,741 104 436 2,318 1 7,093 99,835 50,501 5,256 9,813 852 28,090 136 5,081 103 346 1,844 1 7,520 109,543 Note.—Urban Centres included in municipal single men. shown for municipal resident families. Municipal works included in the numbers REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 31 STATISTICS OF TRADES AND INDUSTRIES. A study of the statistical section reveals a condition in industry, although pleasing from the point of view of increased employment, is far from satisfactory in the case of remuneration to the wage-earner. 3,530 FIRMS MAKE RETURNS. The firms who forwarded their returns in time to be included in the tables numbered 3,530, one more than for 1929. We have in previous years reminded firms that a report covering their operations is obligatory under the "Department of Labour Act," and would again point out that failure to reply promptly necessitates added expense at a time when every effort is being made to keep the cost of administration at a minimum. The Department has no desire to enforce the penalty provision of the Act, but it has been observed that the delinquents are the same employers each year, and other methods may be adopted in the future to ensure compliance with our request. TOTAL PxW-ROLL. The total pay-roll of the 3,530 firms amounted to $68,028,424.61, a decrease of $4,577,949.96 from 1932, or 6.3 per cent., and from a careful study of the forms received we are convinced that 1934 will show a favourable turn in the total pay-roll of the Province. Wages paid for relief- work have not been included in the above amount, our tabulations being purely industrial. The figures are therefore comparable with the years when relief-work was not necessary. The pay-rolls and number of firms reporting since 1921 are as follows:— No. Total Year reporting. Pay-roll. 1921 2,275 $79,742,380.10 1922 2,809 86,192,190.73 1923 3,375 106,796,958.96 1924 3,566 107,798,771.30 1925 '. 4,138 115,943,238.60 1920 4,521 129,420,599.55 1927 4,597 130,047,021.92 1928 4,846 136,784,484.18 1929 5,063 145,120,325.98 1930 4,704 127,160,407.53 1931 4,088 96,296,567.77 1932 3,529 72,600,374.57 1933 3,530 68,028,424.01 TOTAL INDUSTRIAL PAY-ROLL. The figures already given do not represent the total pay-roll; to these must be added $966,249, representing forms received too late for classification, and $1,000,000 as an estimate of those who have failed to make a return. Transcontinental railways sent in pay-rolls amounting to $10,031,979.67, a welcome increase over the 1932 total of $220,000; Dominion and Provincial Government workers, $5,000,000; wholesale and retail firms, $2,500,000; delivery, cartage, teaming, warehousing, butchers, moving-picture operators, wood and coal yards, and auto transportation, $3,000,000; ocean steamships and express services, $7,500,000; and $1,100,000 for miscellaneous work not covered by any of the above. The total pay-roll of the Province, with the addition of the above, would therefore be:— Pay-roll of 3,530 firms making returns to Department of Labour $68,028,424.61 Returns received too late to be included in above summary 966,249.00 Employees in occupations included in Department's inquiry, not sending in returns (estimated pay-roll) _ 1,000,000.00 Transcontinental railways 10,031,979.67 Dominion and Provincial Government workers 5,000,000.00 Wholesale and retail firms 2,500,000.00 Delivery, cartage and teaming, warehousing, butchers, moving-picture operators, coal and wood yards, and auto transportation 3,000,000.00 Ocean services and express companies - 7,500,000.00 Miscellaneous - 1,100,000.00 Total $99,126,653.28 G 32 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. The percentage changes in the amounts paid to officers, superintendents, and managers; to clerks, stenographers, and salesmen; and to wage-earners, shows a slight increase on behalf of the wage-earning group, as will be noted in the following table:— 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. Per Cent. 9.48 9.53 80.99 Per Cent. 10.38 11.03 78.59 Per Cent. 11.57 13.45 74.98 Per Cent. 12.77 14.93 72.30 Per Cent. 12.08 Clerks, stenographers, and salesmen.... 13.62 74.30 Totals 100.00 100.00 100.00 1 100.00 100.00 PAY-ROLL COMPARISONS. Six of the twenty-five tables register an increased pay-roll for 1933, headed by Coast shipping with an increase of $1,925,000; the lumber industry with $1,118,000; metal-mining, $885,000; cigar and tobacco manufacture, $17,000; breweries, $13,000; and oil-refining with $10,000. It is a sign of better times when we see two of our basic industriess—lumbering and metal-mining— show an increase. The decreases vary from $17,000 in jewellery-manufacturing to $2,337,000 in the general contracting group, followed by the public utility group with a loss of $1,100,000; printing and publishing, $928,000; coal-mining, $822,000; metal trades, $562,000; food products, $555,000; miscellaneous trades and industries, $506,000; pulp and paper manufacture, $287,000; explosives and chemicals lost $257,000—more than half of last year's gain; laundries, cleaning and dyeing, $255,000; wood-manufacture (N.E.S.), $230,000; builders' materials, $221,000; garment-manufacture, $211,000; ship-building, $100,000; leather and fur goods, $94,000; smelting, $61,000; house-furnishing, $33,000; and paint-manufacture, $25,000. The pay-rolls covering the past three years can be conveniently compared in the following table :— Industry. 1931. No. of Firms porting. Total Pay-roll. 1932. No. of Firms reporting. Total Pay-roll. 1933. No. of Firms reporting. Total Pay-roll. Breweries Builders' materials Cigar and tobacco manufacturing... Coal-mining Coast shipping Contracting Explosives and chemicals Food products Garment-making House-furnishing Manufacturing jewellery Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Manufacturing leather and fur goods Lumber industries Metal trades Metal-mining Miscellaneous Oil-refining Paint-manufacture Printing and publishing Pulp and paper mills Ship-building '. Smelting Street-railways, etc Manufacturing wood (N.E.S.) Totals 37 81 9 25 107 988 10 466 64 49 8 82 49 712 690 158 162 12 8 130 15 42 2 96 86 1,717 26 4,671 6,902 12,534 266 9,425 717 823 194. 1,562. 387. 12,904; 6,699. 5,103, 2,762, 1,083, 217, 3,425, 4,702, 1,244, 5,920, 10,532, 1,574, ,220.28 974.02 389.75 819.52 829.90 .934.72 ,411.14 ,376.67 166.22 ,488.92 ,744.37 .167.21 ,314.96 ,625.88 .501.54 .304.96 949.55 745.80 519.99 .317.87 906.14 179.26 029.71 761.26 888.13 4,088 $90,296,567.77 34 83 9 27 104 736 8 352 52 44 8 77 4S 555 663 170 156 22 7 137 12 33 2 102 88 $708,598.88 845,388.07 26,213.95 3,684,582.87 4,969,953.55 6,916,656.31 876,974.39 8,640,814.40 521,428.81 539,027.06 154,144.55 1,279,086.40 343,104.43 9,162,387.48 4,683,727.11 4,090,145.20 2,520,170.90 1,327,883.43 195,093.23 3,700,983.84 3,504,110.12 693,969.27 3,341,108.46 8,743,713.45 1,131,111.41 35 07 9 23 104 633 8 447 56 39 8 68 41 573 631 253 140 24 9 132 14 34 3 101 $721 024 43 2,862 6,894 4,579 619 8,085 310 506 137 1,024 249 10,280. 4,121 4,975 2,014 1,337 170 2,778 3,217, 593 3,280 7,696, 902, 445.41 ,512.19 225.51 277.99 ,408.92 ,849.07 ,253.45 ,066.07 ,313.96 ,986.77 ,137.79 ,494.35 ,121.93 ,524.76 ,325.58 ,317.92 ,858.38 ,874.48 ,716.27 ,310.25 ,532.03 ,0S1.30 ,520.98 .598.46 070.19 3,529 $72,606,374.57 3,530 8,028,424.61 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 33 INDUSTRIAL DIVISIONS. In tabulating the various returns received for the last four years, they have been segregated according to the areas in which the industrial operations were being carried on, thus giving a comparative view of the industrial progress made in different sections of the Province. As predicted in our last Annual Report, the renewed activity in lumbering and mining increased the percentages in the Mainland division from 36.86 per cent, to 38.37; in the Island section the increase was more pronounced, being from 16.31 in 1932 to 19.59 in 1933; while the Greater Vancouver area decreased 4.76 per cent., the 1933 percentage being 42.04. These percentages were based on the 3,530 returns received, with a total pay-roll of $62,028,422.61, and by applying the same proportion to the other figures making up the total industrial pay-roll we arrive at the following apportionment for the three sections:— 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. Greater Vancouver.. Rest of Mainland Vancouver Island $68,730,605.09 83,790,637.05 39,571,007.37 $192,091,249.51 $65,031,706.92 70,290,482.05 31,805,564.74 $58,964,436.78 52,143,080.62 20,833,485.28 $48,183,910.64 37,980,804.59 16,792,298.77 $41,831,447.67 37,965,508.24 19,329,697.37 Totals $167,133,813.71 $131,941,008.68 $102,957,074.00 $99,126,653.28 APPRENTICES DECREASE IN NUMBER. The apprentices reported number 621, a decrease of 101 from the 1932 total. During 1929 there were 1,676 apprentices reported, the loss in the intervening years being 63 per cent. There are no doubt various reasons for the severe drop in this class of employee, but it presents a condition which should have the earnest consideration of industrial leaders and employers' organizations. Increases are noted in printing and publishing, 52; food products, 26; pulp and paper, 16; garment-manufacture, 15; laundries, cleaning and dyeing, 6; wood (N.E.S.),6; coal-mining, 3; and in the manufacture of jewellery, 1. Decreases in the number are led by contracting, 79; followed by public utilities, 40; smelting, 36; metal trades, 21; miscellaneous trades and industries, 13; ship-building, 12; leather and fur goods and explosives and chemicals, 6 each ; house-furnishing and metal-mining, 2 each; and builders' materials, 1. CHANGES IN WAGE RATES. A glance at the following table is sufficient to show the severe decline in the wages paid to adult male employees; the 1933 figures reveal that 22,972 adult male workers were in receipt of less than $19 per week, being an increase of 2,541 over the previous year. The purchasing-power lost by a continuous policy of wage-cutting is only prolonging our present depressed condition. If, as has been often stated, prosperity, or even normal times, will return when wages have been greatly reduced, we should now be at the point where every person who wants work could find it, the average weekly wage for all adult males being $9.01 below the peak year of 1920, when it stood at $31.51 per week. Adult Male AVOKKERS EMPLOYED AT LOW Rates op Wages. Weekly Bate. 1925. 1926. 1927. 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. Under $6 49 45 37 158 139 297 382 1,249 867 1,454 1,635 2,695 1,796 3,806 2 3 12 53 54 97 204 359 528 965 1,438 1,311 1,952 2,520 1 11 10 9 44 72 194 171 317 619 502 1,199 1,260 1 3 10 26 70 44 214 143 283 679 574 1,092 1,252 1 97 27 49 110 494 588 1,207 1,550 1,409 3 47 57 88 182 184 816 - 954 1,024 1,950 1,948 3 35 81 79 147 526 550 1,174 953 1,973 2,675 3,322 1,989 2,757 107 167 420 367 683 914 810 2,145 1,809 2,204 3,159 2,754 2,318 2,574 96 405 $6 to $6.99 7 to 7.99 8 to 8.99 592 9 to 9.99 1,187 1,063 809 10 to 10.99 11 to 11.99 12 to 12.99 2,550 2,145 2,436 2,965 2,780 2,280 2,927 13 to 13.99 14 to 14.99 15 to 15.99 16 to 16.99 17 to 17.99 18 to 18.99 Totals 14,609 9,498 4,409 4,391 5,592 7,253 16,264 20,431 22,972 3 G 34 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. - The following shows the various industries as represented in the tables, with the number of adult males employed and the percentage who are in receipt of less than $19 per week :— Number Per Industry. employed. Cent. Cigar and tobacco manufacturing 63 87.30 Lumber industry 16,727 64.14 Wood-manufacture (N.E.S.) 985 63.65 House-furnishing 313 57.51 Builders' materials 772 52.72 Food products , 8,151 45.30 Leather and fur goods 156 42.31 Garment-manufacture 115 40.90 Explosives and chemicals 424 39.62 Paint-manufacture 63 36.51 Metal trades 2,750 36.36 Laundries, cleaning and dyeing 418 33.50 Contracting 5,777 32.16 Miscellaneous 1,003 28.71 Street-railways, etc 2,989 20.00 Oil-refining 1,067 25.77 Pulp and paper 2,220 25.50 Breweries 470 19.00 Printing and publishing 849 17.31 Ship-building 653 17.00 Jewellery-manufacture 46 15.22 Coal-mining 2,716 12.85 Smelting 2,307 12.48 Coast shipping 5,341 10.48 Metal-mining 5,508 9.24 The average weekly wage fluctuated considerably during the past year; seven of the tables show a wage increase and eighteen a decrease. The method adopted is the same as in previous years. Using the summary of all tables as an example, we find 1,187 males over 21 years of age receiving from $9 to $9.99 per Week. In our calculations we set the weekly rate at $9.50. The same applies to all other rates up to $30 to $34.99 class; as many of the 5,087 would be in receipt of sums varying from $30 to $34.99, we have set the rate at $32 per week; or, in other words, where steps of $1 were shown in the table, such as $9 to $9.99, we have calculated at $9.50, and where steps of $5 appear, such as $30 to $34.99 and $45 to $49.99, the calculations were $32 and $47 respectively. The 656 receiving $50 and over was taken to mean $50 only. The following table shows the average weekly wage earned by adult males in the various industries, and is for the week of employment of the greatest number; this would usually mean a full week's work, but we have no means of ascertaining the employees' annual earnings, as there would be broken time, weather conditions, and temporary out-of-work periods. REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 35 Average Full Week's Wages in each Industry (Adult Males only). Industry. 1920. 1927 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. Breweries Builders' materials Cigar and tobacco manufacturing Coal-mining Coast shipping Contracting Explosives and chemicals Food products, manufacture of Garment-making House-furnishing Jewellery, manufacture of , Laundries, cleaning and dyeing Manufacturing leather and fur goods Lumber industries.. Metal trades Metal-mining Miscellaneous trades and industries Oil-refining Paint-manufacturing Printing and publishing Pulp and paper manufacturing Ship-building Smelting .'. Street-railways, gas, water, power, telephones, etc Manufacturing of wood (N.E.S.) $27.32 27.38 22.24 30.06 29.59 29.06 23.79 26.20 29.48 25.67 36.69 27.00 26.90 25.56 27.92 33.34 24.61 31.48 21.94 38.25 27.47 28.74 32.90 29.26 25.26 I $27.62 26.96 22.36 29.79 29.79 30.24 25.38 26.00 29.15 27.46 31.41 26.44 29.42 25.93 29.76 32.89 25.99 30.96 24.95 36.72 27.11 29.11 31.15 28.83 25.60 $28.85 20.28 22.97 30.50 31.89 30.58 26.24 27.70 28.00 27.44 32.49 26.96 27.88 26.53 31.04 33.27 27.15 30.23 23.62 40.94 26.82 28.85 32.54 30.04 25.02 $27.70 28.04 26.58 30.18 32.84 30.57 24.61 26.56 28.68 26.74 36.61 23.16 29.03 26.54 29.50 35.24 26.21 30.50 25.58 40.81 27.87 30.25 33.00 30.70 25.49 $27.40 27.38 25.06 29.03 31.36 30.34 26.66 27.79 28.34 25.54 37.85 27.16 28.31 25.69 29.96 33.31 25.88 29.78 25.85 39.34 27.39 30.35 30.05 30.02 26.03 $27.58 25.81 20.40 28.40 29.63 27.41 26.78 23.43 22.51 23.18 31.29 25.29 25.81 21.09 27.74 30.02 23.43 31.24 26.11 39.78 25.94 29.58 30.44 29.11 23.67 21.95 14.28 28.04 26.50 24.78 23.34 21.88 24.07 20.05 23.40 23.26 21.62 18.73 24.24 25.50 22.78 29.34 25.00 37.05 24.63 26.17 22.98 28.89 20.01 J25.70 20.54 14.67 26.80 27.62 23.37 20.66 21.12 25.29 18.91 30.55 21.78 20.73 18.00 22.70 25.02 22.13 23.78 22.53 32.82 21.21 25.25 23.83 24.51 18.05 _ The increases and decreases in the average weekly rate are shown in the following Increase. Breweries $0.05 Cigar and tobacco manufacturing.. .39 Coast shipping 1.12 Garment-making 1.22 Jewellery-manufacture $7.15 Metal-mining 12 Smelting 85 Decrease. Builders' materials $1.41 Coal-mining 1.24 Contracting 1.41 Explosives and chemicals 2.08 Food products 76 House-furnishing 1.14 Laundries, cleaning and dyeing 1.48 Leather and fur goods 89 Lumber industries 73 Metal trades 1.54 Miscellaneous trades and industries $0.65 Oil-refining 5.56 Paint-manufacture 2.47 Printing and publishing 4.23 Pulp and paper manufacturing 3.42 Ship-building 92 Street-railways, gas, water, power, telephones, etc 4.38 Manufacture of wood (N.E.S.) 2.56 AVERAGE INDUSTRIAL WAGE. The average weekly wage covering adult males, and numbering 61,891, was $22.30, a decrease of $1.32 when compared with 1932, and a loss of $9.21 from the peak year. The following are the figures since the Department commenced the compilation of statistics:— 1918 $27.97 1919 29.11 1920 31.51 1921 27.62 1922 27.29 1923 .' 28.05 1924 28.39 1925 27.82 1926 $27.99 1927 28.29 1928 28.96 1929 29.20 1930 28.64 1931 26.17 1932 23.62 1933 22.30 G 36 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGES PAID TO ADULT MALE EMPLOYEES 1918—1933 AVERAGE WEEKLY WAGES YEAR 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 $ ' 32.00 3 1.00 30.00 29. OO 28.00 27.00 2G.OO 25.OO 24.00 23.OO 22. OO A / /\ / \ \ / / \ \ \^ *v. - \ \ \ \ \ \ Chart showing Fluctuation in Industrial Wages. 307. 25% 207. 15% IO?i 57. 1930 -1931 1932 1933 ■ 1 | 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 ■ ■ 1 II ITT 1 1 i 1 • xn © o co ■* o o a \ rfl 00 £- p CZ CQ Ci £• K -A co" & iA ^ji oa lo" oi > ri CM CM ri liooioo IOOIO v uOOOOOOO 'S w o io o lo o ira ' g rl C4 C. CO CO^ ^ I P <& 1- C CO H CO © CO 00 CM O LO CO c — GO CM Ci © O rH 00 00 © © © t> CM CO © CO rH Ci (M CO b- 1-1 t- <M t> CM t- IO ri ri CM LO iH © >0 © IO CM rH ri 0> CD o m IO 04 o IO o >o CO "* ^f c IO o IO © ri (M 16 © irs ©' io © > CM CO CO ^ <* lO ° F-< c " o -J-> ooo O ci o o o o c o a 4_> +J rl_» +J +J +J {J 1? O 01 01 o >o o CO CO Tfl IO o IO © to © io © io © IN IM CO CO t ^ LO ooooooo ^ & » p && E> «► REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 37 INCREASED EMPLOYMENT. The following chart is one of the pleasant items in the statistical section and shows that a decided upswing in the number employed occurred during 1933; from 42,000 in January a further decline took place during February, which may in future be looked upon as the low point; a steady climb up to 60,000 occurred in eight months, falling off to 51,468 for December, thus having a net gain of 9,301 over the month of January. It is interesting and gratifying to note that the 1933 curve is well above the starting-point. The following cut is only applicable to the industries making returns to this Department. AVERAGE MONTHLY NUMBER °" WAGE-EARNERS (MaleSFemale) 1331-29-30-31-32-33 JAN. FEB. MAR APL MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 100,000 95,000 90,000 85,000 80,000 75,000 70,000 65,000 GO.OOO 55,000 50.000 45,000 40,000 1929 '••.. _^_ - —. s. 1930 — - — ■^ X s -—- ,-*■-- s >- 'M-..^. ^' &*. oov^-. -^K-^w. 3*. •>- x- 1931 1933 *>* y V, ^ "**>„ I9ZI 193Z X o* REFERENCE ^ ^ y Employment in 1921 shewn thus 1929 19 30 19 31 1932 »• •o~. ,w 1 G 38 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. EMPLOYMENT FLUCTUATION. The peak month of employment changed to September, from June in 1932, with an increase of 4,857 gainfully employed. Breweries, distilleries, and aerated-water manufacturers had a fairly steady number employed during the year, and exceeded the figures for 1932; builders' materials reached the low iu February and increased steadily for the remainder of the year, up to November, closing the year with 137 more on the pay-roll than at the beginning; contracting, inseparably linked with builders' materials, had a bad year, but developed the usual seasonal employment period. Coal-mining experienced another disastrous year, the average number employed being 700 below the previous year; Coast shipping evidenced a return to normal conditions, showing increased employment throughout the year; explosives and chemicals registered a decline, food products also increased its employment figures; unfortunately the rates of remuneration paid did not reflect the increased employment in the pay-roll figures; house-furnishing began the year in a weak condition, but improved gradually throughout the period; laundries, cleaning and dyeing, and leather and fur goods remained fairly steady. The lumber industry staged a rapid recovery after reaching the low point during February, the year closing with a gain of 6,500; the metal-trades table showing increased employment towards the end of the year; metal-mining also recovered to the extent of an additional 2,109 employed during December, in excess of February, the month of least employment; oil-refining again registered an increase in the number employed, which was reflected in an increased payroll ; paint-manufacture, printing and publishing, pulp and paper industry, and ship-building were all below last year's figures; smelting, after a poor beginning, felt the benefits of renewed mining operations and increased monthly during the balance of the year; wood-manufacture (N.E.S.) also made a poor start during 1933, but was showing signs of recovery. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 39 a vA sa K cs H I I 3 S3 •d n a 3 H a. s r-, > 0 a a o fl H CJ K P o 5 8 -< N M W rH H a r» Cl K d> M 3 OOl o Sr to O 3 N rJ- Cr 0) -1 ,£> H fell q p V o 8 s s =-• % rr 03 «J H SSr? p iu g >5 & O 5) i3 to P -gas a s iONICiO-fO-OllOCOCHHCOOt-HCOrlhOlH t, th cm ■* Ol ri IO CO *tf © o © o c: Ol 00 © GO I- t- to CO ^ *00.O'N WWW rH rH LO "* ©_ © IO of co" co' t(T CM ri 00 © t- »0 - © 00 © OI CO © rH CO CO Ol LO t- ri IO Ol ri ri 2 S 53 » bS 3 .3 cJ b fe h n rt ■ ^7:f-,aj'2r-.a-fHcsdcja;f-'^r-iKi dBrt^Sra^dsps^drSda (Tj^ajPOOr^ar-lr-if-lOarH^r-l -, OS £| fl4-> ^S-0 SrOrOja-r-- P|© CrQ ^QbO^OQ^bfqfefcObrqhfe fe r, oot-T^LOioco©oiTiH©coio©oi©aot-©©©t-rfit- t-rHt-GOCl©©©t-COL0 1oOLO©t-GO©©OOOOGO-*CO -^ © OS Oi p ■<& ft ^ to Ol 01 CO ft -+l © © rH CO IO ** Ol «# CO" ft" rH CO" Ol tiH ri ri of Ol o" % 5 ■9 -2 -w a a s a if 2 CO r> tC OJ o 3 =3 0i O B B . QJ 3 ! -2 -° a a B r. « 0J CX 5- r" 5 K OSS r? (>> k to 0= 02 a a +-) +j ft ft m m O^CO©GOOO©rHGOt-OrHt-COrHrHt-00©©01©CMLO © L} O100rHG0G0©t-00©c;LOrJK)OC0rH©©C0©©l>Olira © -* COtiH © © t- CO CO TtH CO CO IM O O O W IO rH©CO© ©00 CO" CO" CO" -^ H Q0 Cl" Ol rH rH rH of rH 5 a. eu ^ a. t,i -o ,a ^ £ ^ ,0 s a a S s a o «) 3 5 s £ u m S rUrr-t.O-HCjrJrJO si « 3 S >J S oj a. a> J_? --, tJ u w d ^ -^ ^ _ +J rC d § = ^ 3 ~ r-t U blj U! [> ^ ft CD 3 3 O - rO © a a a. qj != 0 a O r5 Q P S 0 r? hi Q £ £ 0 G A <1 0 ■< < r5 S Ofl «OJHHM^«OG^CJMriOiaccocOMMfflH01« GOW rin t- w co n o io o ra o N 10 oi q ^k t- h ri 10 o o ©^ cm CO" rji" ITS Cl" rH H « M H rH 0~I of 100 rH S S » S 3 «° £ B w ^-? S^ ScaaJ-;"r»'c3 r)rthr]r)<(Or)b Sbbn CO B to t. -. fj S £ .fi J S H 3 S 3 S ( • « QrSS'Slrr.r-.rr.rrrTrT < a h d K- «: .™ .5 (11 rll 1 r- S ft 0 BO § 11 5 i & 2 n j) u o o o g 3 s « H pre •lit :-fu o. •3 3 2 OJ § § s fc C K OJ -: bo +^ 3 --■ cd •^ d 3 - a si r-; s a ic3 fi a 2 =s ■as a cc M p a a a •- a 'a s oa a S aaacrHferHTJMcE G 40 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. NATIONALITIES OF EMPLOYEES. Several changes are made in the table showing the nationalities of employees. Natives of English-speaking countries accounted for T6.30 per cent.; natives of Continental Europe, 14.62 per cent. The employees from other countries and nationalities not stated, 1.28 per cent., and for Asiatics 7.80 per cent. The actual number of Asiatics employed was 5,941, as compared with 6,594 for 1932. The percentage figures for the four divisions will be seen in the following table:— 1928. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. Natives of English-speaking countries .... Per Cent. 72.65 17.02 9.33 1.00 Per Cent. 70.34 18.56 10.01 1.09 Per Cent. 72.01 16.07 8.97 2.95 Per Cent. 73.60 15.48 7.07 3.85 Per Cent. 75.26 14.57 8.40 1.77 Per Cent. 76.30 14.62 7.80 Prom other countries, or nationality not 1.28 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 FIRMS WITH LARGE PAY-ROLL. When tabulating firms with a total pay-roll of over $100,000, we do not include public authorities (Dominion, Provincial, or municipal), wholesale or retail firms, transcontinental railways, or vessels engaged in deep-sea transportation. During 1933 there were 98 of these firms, as compared with 110 for 1932. The peak year was 1929, when 262 firms had a pay-roll exceeding $100,000. The lumber industry continues to head the list, with 26 firms; followed by the food products and metal-mining groups with 10 each; coal-mining and Coast shipping, 7 each; the public utility and printing and publishing, 5 each; oil-refining and packing-houses, 4 each; pulp and paper manufacture, 3; breweries, garages, general contracting, miscellaneous metal trades, miscellaneous trades and industries, ship-building, and smelting, 2 each; and 1 each in explosives, laundries, and paint-manufacture. Four of these firms had an annual pay-roll of over $1,000,000, one of these exceeding $3,000,000 and two in excess of $2,000,000. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 41 CONTENTS OF TABLES. With regard to the tables immediately following, the general headings of such tables are given hereunder and the trades included under each heading:— No. 1. Breweries.—Under this heading are tabulated mineral- water manufacturers and breweries. No. 2. Builders' Material, etc. -Includes manufacturers of brick, cut stone, Portland cement, lirr.e, tiles, and firebrick ; also stone-quarries and dealers in sand, gravel, and crushed rock. No. 3. Cigar and Tobacco Manufacturing.—Comprises only these trades. No. 4. Coal-mining.—This group contains also the operation of coke-ovens and coal-shipping docks. No. 5. Coast Shipping.—Includes the operation of passenger and freight steamships, stevedoring, tug-boats (both general and towing logs), and river navigation, but does not include the operation of vessels in the offshore trade. No. 6. Contracting. -Here are grouped building trades, painting and paper-hanging, plumbing axd heating, and sheet- metal works; also contractors for industrial plants, structural-steel fabricating, railway-fencing, sewers, pipes and valves, dredging, pile-driving, wharves, bridges, roofing, and automatic sprinklers. Firms making return as building contractors, constructors of dry-kilns, refuse-burners, mills, brick-furnaces, electrical contractors, hardwood and sanitary floor-layers, and bricklayers. No. 7. Explosives, Chemicals, etc. — Includes the manufacture of these commodities, also the manufacture of fertilizers. No. 8. Food Products, Manufacture of.—This table includes bakeries, biscuit-manufacturers, cereal-milling, creameries and dairies, fish, fruit and vegetable canneries, packinghouses, curers of ham and bacon, blending of teas; also manufacturers of candy, macaroni, syrup, jams, pickles, sauces, coffee, catsup, and spices. No 9. Garment-making.—Includes tailoring, the manufacture of buttons, pleating, embroidery, etc., jute and cotton goods, shirts, overalls, knitted goods, millinery and ladies' out- fitting. No. 10. House Furnishings.—Comprises firms engaged in the manufacture of furniture, beds and bedding, springs and mattresses, upholstering, and carpet and linoleum laying. No. 11. Jewellery, Manufacture of.—Includes the repair as well as manufacturing of jewellery and watches and optical instruments (where same is carried on in a factory). No. 12. Laundries, Cleaning and Dyeing.—Includes these industries only. No. 13. Leather and Fur Goods, Manufacture of.—Comprises manufacturers of boots, shoes, gloves, harness, trunks, and leather Indian novelties; also furriers and hide and wool dealers. No. 14. Lumber Industries.—In this group are included logging, logging-railways, planing-mills, sawmills, shingle-mills, and lumber-dealers. No. 15. Metal Trades.—This group includes marine blacksmith- ing, oxy-acetylene welding, boiler-making, iron and brass foundries, garages, vulcanizing, machine and pattern shops, galvanizing and electroplating; also manufacturers of handsaws, nuts and bolts, pumps, marine engines, mill machinery, and repairs to same. No. 16. Metal-mining.—Includes all metalliferous mining. No. 17. Miscellaneous Trades and Industries. — Here are grouped returns from trades which are not numerous enough to warrant special categories. They include manufacturers of soap, sails, tents, awning, brooms, paper boxes, and tin containers; also cold storage. No. 18. Oil-refining.—Includes also the manufacture of fish-oil. No. 19. Paint-manufacturiny.—Includes also white-lead corro- ders and varnish-manufacturers. No. 20. Printing and Publishing. —This table includes the printing and publishing of newspapers, job-printing, paper- ruling, bookbinding, engraving and embossing, blue-printing, lithographing, draughting and map-publishing, and the manufacture of rubber and metal stamps. No. 21. Pulp and Paper Manufacturing.—Comprises only firms engaged in that industry. No. 22. Ship-building.—Comprises both wooden- and steel-ship building and repairing, also construction and repair of small craft, and salvage. No. 23. Smelting.—Comprises firms engaged exclusively in that industry. No. 24. Street-railways, Gas, Water, Power, etc.— This group comprises generating and distribution of light and power, manufacture of gas, dissolved acetylene and oxygen ; also includes gasoline lighting and heating devices, &nd supply of water to municipalities. No. 25. Wood, Manufacture of {not elsewhere specified).—Here are grouped manufacturers of sash and doors, interior finish, water-proof ply-wood, veneer, store and office fittings, barrels, boxes, ships' knees, ready-cut buildings, wooden pipes and tanks, wooden pulleys, wooden toys, caskets, coffins, and undertakers' supplies. Table No. 1. BREWERIES, DISTILLERS, AND AERATED WATER MANUFACTURERS. Returns covering 35 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $217,178.40 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 85,588.31 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 418,678.70 Total $721,445.41 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April May June 367 352 352 362 106 105 58 19 25 39 July August September October..., November December. 341 341 349 345 357 377 37 46 33 29 101 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00. to $6.! 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to and over . 21 Yrs. & over. 27 18 5 12 17 27 18 28 3 12 20 21 38 11 13 95 66 17 Under 21 Yrs. Females. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 1 2 41 16 53 25 ii' 14 1 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Halkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 580 155 9 1 1 3 13 10 2 i 150 14 1 G 42 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 2. BUILDERS' MATERIAL—PRODUCERS OF. Returns covering 67 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $157,023.37 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 82,222.31 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 385,266.51 Total $624,512.19 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. January February ... 413 412 472 478 476 471 April May Month. Males. Females. July August. .. September . October November .. December... 487 620 610 555 617 580 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00... to $6.9 to to to to to to to 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. 49.9 and over. 21 Yrs. & over. 1 3 12 18 15 52 44 63 63 53 68 25 28 56 26 26 23 32 34 7 28 9 4 36 18 24 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Table No. 3. CIGAR AND TOBACCO MANUFACTURING. Returns covering 9 Firms. Salary arid Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers., $7,619.76 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 10,006.99 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 25,598.76 Total $43,225.51 Average Number of Wage-earners. January. February March... April.... May June.... Males. Females. 12 13 26 22 29 27 19 23 20 23 26 23 July August September . October November.. December .. 26 55 64 39 31 33 14 19 16 18 24 23 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. 18 $6.00 to $6.99 7.00 to 7.99 8.00 to 8.99.. 6 7 25 8 6 9.00 to 9.99 . 1 1 2 10.00 to 10.99.. 1 5 2 11.00 to 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 2 14 00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99 . 3 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17.99.. 1 2 4 2 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19.99. 1 20.00 to 20.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 1 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99.. 26.00 to 25.99.. 1 27.00 to 27.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34 99 35.00 to 39.99 40.00 to 44.99 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Males. Females. Country of Origin. Males. Females. 440 234 4 1 21 26 2 1 Italv 24 2 7 31 1 53 29 Italy 24 Central European and Balkan States.... Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finluid, etc. 7 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 43 Table No. 4. COAL-MINING. Returns covering 23 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $149,108.32 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 135,924.29 Wages-earners (including piece-workers) 2,577,245.38 Total $2,862,277.99 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February.... 2,958 2,880 2,808 2,524 2,489 2,446 July September . November... December. 2,480 2,461 2,603 2,729 2,776 2,712 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.99. 7.99. 8.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12 99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27 99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. & over. 6 4 9 21 24 46 58 34 36 95 54 80 103 68 51 333 225 117 163 85 112 791 129 42 12 2 Under 21 Yrs. 5 3 3 13 13 11 11 12 6 20 5 4 18 6 4 7 3 2 5 IS Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 794 1,248 40 2 6 5 214 122 241 42 3S 4 110 Table No. 5. COAST SHIPPING. Returns covering 104 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $639,262.20 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 310,020.82 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 5,945,125.90 Total $6,894,408.92 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. January. February March... April May June Males. Females. 4,197 4,168 3,802 4,059 4,459 4,576 23 23 22 24 35 43 Month. Males. Females. July August September.. October November.. December .. 4,178 4,467 4,893 4,545 4,473 4,534 40 45 32 25 24 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 46.00 50.00 $6.00 to $6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99 26.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. to 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. & over. 78 1 4 4 14 19 15 25 33 127 60 64 116 97 330 285 420 298 203 498 82 75 995 97 452 242 423 127 157 Under 21 Yrs. 20 2 18 Yrs. Under over. 18 Yrs. 2 2 3 25 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc, Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 2,510 1,911 90 24 7 12 103 20 8 223 4 2 246 60 46 161 19 25 1 G 44 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 6. CONTRACTING. Returns covering 633 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $955,795.58 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 674,919.03 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 2,949,135.06 Total $4,579,849.67 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. January February March April May June 2,975 2,837 2,986 3,082 3,256 3,398 44 35 31 44 50 Month. Males. Females. July August September October ... November. December.. 3,173 3,353 3,530 3,572 3,453 3,099 82 76 60 88 25 33 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of F.mployment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28 99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44 99. 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. & over. 1 10 8 11 44 41 211 47 162 242 448 400 23S 432 272 647 389 140 487 136 95 182 109 48 294 286 191 71 140 ES. Females. Apprentices. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 21 14 13 11 7 11 14 20 8 4 7 6 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 9 2 8 3 24 11 8 14 4 9 3 5 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia. Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 2,823 2,157 76 14 81 45 35 205 56 13 7 40 19 63 18 Table No. 7. EXPLOSIVES, CHEMICALS, ETC. Returns covering 8 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $69,693.76 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 124,258.92 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 425,300.77 Total $619,253.45 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February... 400 390 382 355 351 362 September.. October November .. December .. 384 385 399 384 347 258 1 1 1 1 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of -Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6 00. $6.00 to $6.99.. 7.00 to 7.99 25 9 3 9 11 14 13 12 13 9 19 13 18 29 20 22 40 11 13 24 10 21 6 6 31 17 2 4 4 8.00 to 8.99.. 1 10.00 to 10.99.. 12.00 to 12.99 . 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99 16.00 to 15.99 16.00 to 16.99 17.00 to 17 99 18.00 to 18 99. 19.00 to 19.99.. 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 3 23.00 to 23.99 24.00 to 24 99 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99 . 27.00 to 27.99. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40 00 to 44.99 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 145 197 15 2 3 10 7 5 15 2 5 2u" REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 45 Table No. 8. FOOD PRODUCTS—MANUFACTURE OF. Returns covering 4-il Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $1,119,994.72 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,224,385.45 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) .... 5,741,285.90 Total . $8,085,666.07 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. February.... March April May June 3,427 3,453 3,608 4,1.05 4,423 5,960 808 773 762 779 995 1,755 July August September . October .... November.. December .. 6,588 6,473 6,363 6,246 4,824 3,760 3,227 3,489 3,405 2,672 2,027 899 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21 00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 60.00 3.00 . 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. & over. 26 142 59 44 258 69 77 500 258 339 529 375 365 651 363 614 389 305 278 390 375 210 289 213 74 466 211 82 98 112 Under 21 Yrs. 51 39 34 60 46 45 14 53 22 60 41 17 24 24 7 21 12 16 3 4 7 4 2 3 1 1 2 1 18 Yrs. Under over. 18 Yrs. 257 303 278 92 199 200 205 623 539 667 299 183 135 131 86 71 56 42 32 29 34 14 7 9 8 18 5 86 21 71 13 13 24 24 33 26 11 13 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States .... Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 3,708 2,196 94 14 19 13 55 100 65 499 95 47 266 69-2 Apprentices. 25 9 12 7 13 6 8 1 1 Females. 3,392 632 47 7 17 20 64 126 31 64 60 3 10 446 37 Table No. 9 GARMENT-MAKING. Returns covering 56 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $88,029.70 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 29,572.43 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 192,711.83 Total $310,313.96 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. January. February- March ... April. .. May June 109 122 129 125 134 131 247 283 297 314 340 Month. Males. Females, July August.... September October ... November. December . 133 133 139 141 133 115 329 324 276 228 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 .... to $6.99. to 7.99. to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22 99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. &over. 4 3 9 4 5 5 3 5 4 7 4 6 3 1 4 9 10 9 2 3 1 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. 2 5 13 6 62 47 75 35 18 16 15 5 8 4 7 1 2 4 Under 18 Yrs. 4 1 3 11 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 61 50 2 4 13 206 105 6 10 7 14 G 46 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 10. HOUSE FURNISHINGS MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 39 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $97,494.60 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 82,012.48 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 327,479.69 Total $506,986.77 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April.... May June 342 344 360 344 360 377 48 49 49 47 51 50 July August... September October .. November. December. 378 420 433 452 465 422 45 61 67 66 74 65 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number: Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11 00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00.. to $6.: 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29 99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. Males. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 5 1 6 12 9 6 21 8 46 15 38 14 22 17 11 15 10 2 15 1 16 11 14 25 4 2 22 4 4 2 1 2 Females. 18 Yrs. &over. 2 4 7 4 8 8 13 4 9 5 3 1 1 3 1 1 Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 385 129 8 1 4 1 7 6 11 12 15 50 19 Table No. 11. JEWELLERY—MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering S Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $17,914.06 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 55,076.02 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 64,147.71 Total .'. $137,137.79 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.... February... April May June 51 51 51 51 51 51 1 1 1 1 1 1 July August September.. November.. December... 51 51 51 50 51 62 1 1 1 1 1 1 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. 1 $6.00 to $6.99.. 8.00 to 8.99 9.00 to 9.99.. 2 1 10.00 to 10 99 11.00 to 11 99.. 2 12.00 to 12 99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 1 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99.. 4 16.00 to 16.99 17.00 to 17.99.. 18.00 to 18 99.. 3 6 20.00 to 20.99 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22 99 2 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99.. 4 3 1 1 3 25.00 to 25.99 . 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99 30.00 to 34.99.. 4 4 2 35.00 to 39.99.. 40 00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99 . 9 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland, Great Britain and Ireland.., United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc, Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 18 32 Females. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 47 Table No. 12. LAUNDRIES, CLEANING AND DYEING. Returns covering 68 Firms. Salary aitd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $111,490.71 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 178,834.68 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 734,168.96 Total $1,024,494.35 Average Number of Wage-earners. January... February.. March.... April May June Males. Females. 434 758 437 760 441 762 449 774 446 770 444 778 July August ... September. October ... November. December . 471 459 449 441 444 436 784 789 789 774 744 755 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 IS. 00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 to $6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to 10.99. to 11.99. to 12.99. to 13.99. to 14.99. to 15.99. to 16.99. to 17.99. to 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. to 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. Males. 21 Yrs. & over. 4 16 7 11 28 21 28 24 24 26 35 41 17 18 22 9 2 2 1 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. 7 5 9 20 43 88 65 97 291 82 32 19 18 9 4 5 2 1 1 Under 18 Yrs Apprentices. 10 4 1 4 1 2 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 199 191 10 2 2 2 6 4 2 12 432 362 1 4 10 2 1 19 20 Table No. 13. LEATHER AND FUR GOODS MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 41 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $52,316.23 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 29,259.79 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 167,545.91 Total $249,121.93 Average Number of Wage-earners. January. February March... April.... May June. ... Males. Females. 162 40 163 35 137 31 157 42 175 45 172 48 July August.... September. October ... November. December . 179 177 186 181 188 181 49 54 58 71 68 58 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.09 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99 to 27.99. to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 2 3 15 15 8 1 4 9 10 7 11 7 1 4 4 5 7 Females. 18 Yrs. & over. 12 9 3 1 6 Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America .. Australasia. Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 60 1 10 23 3 5 11 7 61 15 G 48 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 14. LUMBER INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 573 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $879,693.46 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 462,559.83 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 8,939,271.48 Total $10,2S0,524.76 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.. February. March.... April May June 6,314 5,595 7,709 9,829 11,591 12,128 July August.... September. October ... November. December.. 13,427 13,237 13,559 13,600 13,117 12,092 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 to $6.99.. to 7.99.. to 8.99.. to 9.99.. to 10.99.. to 11.99.. to 12.99.. to 13.99.. to 14.99.. to 15.99.. to 16.99.. to 17.99.. to 18.99.. to 19.99 . to 20.99.. to 21.99... to 22.99... to 23.99... to 24.99... to 25.99... to 26.99.. to 27.99.. to 28.99.. to 29.99.. to 34.99.. to 39.99.. to 44.99.. to 49.99.. and over .. 21 Yrs. & over. 52 124 555 451 732 659 448 1,248 1,227 1,215 1,159 1,271 575 1,013 729 347 776 574 232 739 394 199 389 246 116 792 265 81 55 74 Under 21 Yrs. 6 27 22 38 33 21 27 49 26 31 28 11 1 10 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 6,708 1,702 488 17 18 39 121 230 416 2,880 613 70 1,395 . 487 1,214 385 Table No. 15. METAL TRADES. Returns covering 631 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $744,681.77 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 993,349.27 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 2,383,294.54 Total $4,121,325.58 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March.. April May.. June 2,372 2,329 2,426 2,450 2,642 2,811 55 69 63 68 74 July August. ... September October ... November . December.. 2,833 2,861 2,909 2,840 2,833 2,706 76 78 72 68 62 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). P'or Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 S6.00to $6.99.. 7.00 to 7.99.. 8.00 to 8.99.. 9.00 to 9.99 . 5 11 17 28 37 70 48 108 54 95 149 128 122 128 136 152 123 147 74 126 135 99 60 91 82 307 126 61 18 13 35 45 39 28 38 34 24 44 18 12 10 14 4 5 1 1 3 2 1 11 27 15 14 7 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99. 12.00 to 12.99 . 13.00 to 13.99 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17 99.. 1 2 18 10 11 22 4 1 2 2 16 4 15 10 2 1 2 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19.99 2 2 20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99.. 1 22.00 to 22.99 1 24.00 to 24.99 1 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99 1 27.00 to 27.99.. 1 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality oi Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France , Italy Germany and Austria : Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 3,321 1,133 69 2 31 12 45 12 16 45 16 Females. 46 16 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 49 Table No. 16. METAL-MINING. Returns covering 253 Firms. Salary and Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $394,803.54 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 343,117.09 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 4,237,397.29 Total $4,975,317.92 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females January. February March. . April May June 2,411 1,978 2,170 2,578 2,862 3,247 Month. Males. Females. July August... September October . November. December. 3,767 4,132 4,318 4,479 4,282 4,090 11 9 11 9 7 7 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 2 4 1 1 1 $6.00 to $6.99... 1 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99... 3 4 10 19 6 37 19 57 65 26 106 157 140 168 696 427 250 693 307 559 107 414 200 517 337 73 19 32 1 9.00 to 9.99 . 10.00 to 10.99... 1 1 1 1 11.00 to 11.99. 12.00 to 12.99... 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 5 2 3 16.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99 3 18.00 to 18.99... 15 2 5 2 1 1 19.00 to 19.99... 20.00 to 20.99... 1 21.00 to 21.99... 2 22.00 to 22.99.. 23 00 to 23.99 .. 24.00 to 24.99... 1 25.00 to 25.99. 26.00 to 26.99... 1 1 27.00 to 27.99... 28.00 to 28.99... 1 29.00 to 29.99... 30.00 to 34.99... 2 2 35.00 to 39.99... 40.00 to 44.99... 45.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland.. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 2,155 1,292 173 7 10 14 175 96 266 978 130 35 53 5 15 244 Females. Table No. 17. MISCELLANEOUS TRADES AND INDUSTRIES. Returns covering 140 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $470,671.48 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc '.... 372,105.72 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,172,081.18 Total $2,014,858.38 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females January. February March... April May June 823 793 824 829 849 915 199 210 218 212 231 227 July August September October... November. December . 969 942 910 902 228 221 235 243 250. 224 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99 15.99. 16.99. 17.99 18.99 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. Males. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 2 8 39 28 6 34 14 12 60 30 22 34 45 73 46 122 19 190 40 14 20 19 11 74 17 9 6 10 26 15 22 5 14 23 Females. 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 11 3 10 10 11 18 24 111 10 16 9 2 2 4 8 4 29 Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Male Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of oVmerica Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 525 433 18 1 2 2 7 40 15 53 14 ■ 4 63 7 13 1 Apprentices. 222 61 1 1 13 G 50 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Table No. 18. OIL-REFINING. Returns covering 24 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $103,647.00 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 404,956.77 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 829,270.71 Total $1,337,874.48 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April May June 579 564 544 588 787 917 18 17 18 17 17 18 July August... September October... November December. 982 978 880 724 768 739 18 17 17 19 17 18 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 .... to $6.99. 7.99. 8 99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over.. 21 Yrs. &over. 3 31 3 3 42 9 21 5 23 23 24 48 40 25 72 78 58 149 20 65 27 24 33 12 129 47 32 12 9 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan lapan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. 505 336 37 3 1 2 1 52 10 1 40 55 12 Females. 10 7 Table No. 19. PAINT-MANUFACTURING. Returns covering 9 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $42,921.66 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 50,901.37 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 76,893.24 Total $170,716,27 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January.... February... March 70 70 72 71 78 74 11 11 11 11 11 11 July September.. November ., December,.. 74 71 70 66 68 69 11 11 12 11 10 11 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 16.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 46.00 50.00 $6.00 .... to $6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to 10.99. to 11.99. to 12.99. to 13.99. to 14.99. to 15.99. to 16.99. to 17.99. to 18.99. to 19.99. to 20.99. to 21.99. to 22.99. to 23.99. to 24.99. to 25.99. to 26.99. to 27.99 to 28.99. to 29.99. to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over . Males. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. &over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland . Great Britain and Ireland .. United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 45 33 1 Females. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 51 Table No. 20. PRINTING- AND PUBLISHING. Returns covering 132 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $452,215.74 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 964,252.59 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 1,361,841.92 Total $2,778,310.25 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January February.... April 935 955 965 942 934 960 137 158 160 138 138 136 July August September.. November .. December... 961 939 978 1,023 1,003 941 131 148 148 163 June 150 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Fkmalks. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. tfcover. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 12 9 13 8 6 16 5 10 6 1 1 1 1 6 $6.00 to $6.99. . 7.00 to 7.99... 8.00 to 8.99... 9.00 to 9.99... 10.00 to 10.99... 11.00 to 11.99... 12.00 to 12.99... 13.00 to 13.99... 14.00 to 14.99... 15.00 to 15.99... 16.00 to 16.99... 17.00 to 17.99... 18.00 to 18.99... 19.00 to 19.99... ....... 6 8 17 5 16 9 15 21 14 14 14 12 26 11 23 8 ■ 7 29 9 12 8 8 90 139 198 81 41 1 1 38 6 13 6 17 9 38 15 9 5 4 1 19 7 3 3 4 1 2 2 i"-' 17 S 16 10 8 1 9 5 4 1 1 4 5 20.00 to 20.99... 21.00to 21.99... 22.00 to 22.99... 23.00 to 23.99... 24.00 to 24.99. 3 1 1 25.00 to 25.99... 1 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99... 1 28.00 to 28.99... 9 29.00 to 29.99... 1 30.00 to 34.99... 2 35.00 to 39.99. 2 40.00 to 44.99... 46.00 to 49.99... Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland. Great Britain and Ireland... United States of America... Australasia Belgium France Italy.. Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 675 356 23 4 24 26 139 50 5 Table No. 21. PULP AND PAPER^MANUFACTURING OF. Returns covering 14 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $325,597.21 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 298,612.56 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 2,593,322.26 Total $3,217,532.03 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males, Females. January... February. March.... April May June 2,248 2,202 2,286 2,254 2,265 2,291 50 49 49 49 46 46 July August.... September. October ... November . December.. 2,321 2,337 2,323 2,332 2,305 2,288 48 60 50 51 57 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 . to $6. to to to to to to 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to 34.99. to 39.99. to 44.99. to 49.99. and over. Males. 21 Yrs. & over. 25 34 104 89 55 26 116 117 411 190 233 141 55 117 63 66 37 20 84 126 51 9 25 26 Under 21 Yrs. 12 4 1 17 18 Yrs. & over. 21 17 4 4 2 1 Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan .. . Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 798 68 11 132 3 66 31 9 56 28 382 16 8 1 G 52 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Table No. 22. SHIP-BUILDING. Returns covering 34 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $121,901.68 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 78,092.02 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 393,087.60 Total ' $593,081.30 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April May June 308 321 337 387 544 424 July August... September October... November December. 371 351 386 365 409 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.99. 7.99. 8.99. 9.99. 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. 21 Yrs. & over 1 25 14 17 8 5 10 45 19 109 9 50 10 5 35 8 48 132 56 5 Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. County of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France .- Italy ...: Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China . Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 33i 253 23 6 18 Table No. 23. SMELTING; Returns covering 3 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $182,213.75 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 542,722.73 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 2,555,584.50 Total $3,280,520.98 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. 2,284 30 July 2,184 30 February... 2,059 30 August 2,271 30 March.. 2,161 30 September.. 2,310 31 April 2,252 30 2,368 31 May 2,206 30 November .. 2,404 31 June 2,249 30 December... 2,406 31 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employment of Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. &. over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99.. 3 2 5 8 5 7.00 to 7.99 8.00 to 8 99 1 2 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 1 1 4 2 2 3 7 10 18 9 13 16 9 4 2 1 2 11.00 to 11.99.. 5 9 11 14 31 37 43 78 237 269 172 212 217 195 150 120 78 145 36 178 62 6 1 1 2 2 2 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 1 1 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17 00 to 17 99.. 4 2 1 2 3 18.00 to 18.99.. 2 4 20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99. r 2 22.00 to 22 99.. 2 24.00 to 24.99.. 25 00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99.. 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland , Great Britairrand Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 755 1,049 57 3 7 4 358 48 95 92 41 52 23 34 11 1 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 53 Table No. 24. STREET RAILWAYS, GAS, WATER, LIGHT, POWER, TELEPHONES, ETC. Returns covering 101 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $608,725.95 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 1,654,297.98 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 5,433,574.53 Total $7,696,598.46 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March... April.... May. ... June .... 3,258 3,165 3,213 3,397 3,399 3,273 1,373 1,366 1,369 1,366 1,364 1,409 July August.... September. October... November . December.. 3,331 3,398 3,417 3,357 3,265 3,285 1,423 1,445 1,463 1,321 1,308 1,360 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Under $6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 17 00 18.00 19.00 20.00 21.00 22.00 23.00 24.00 25.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 29.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 $6.00 .... to $6.99. to 7.99. to 8.99. to 9.99. to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to 10.99. 11.99. 12.99. 13.99. 14.99. 15.99. 16.99. 17.99. 18.99. 19.99. 20.99. 21.99. 22.99. 23.99. 24.99. 25.99. 26.99. 27.99. 28.99. 29.99. 34.99. 39.99. 44.99. 49.99. and over. 21 Yrs. Under & over. 21 Yrs. 11 3 7 9 22 116 58 133 146 96 109 62 123 157 142 147 68 92 85 193 233 101 110 543 142 38 18 Yrs. Under & over. 18 Yrs. 37 10 207 90 70 217 213 280 59 44 Apprentices. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated Males. Females. 732 322 144 19 1 6 69 28 14 78 14 3 1,154 412 65 1 1 Table No. 25. WOOD—MANUFACTURE OF (N.E.S.). Returns covering 78 Firms. Salary artd Wage Payments, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $185,806.90 Clerks, Stenographers, Salesmen, etc 59,956.60 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 656,306.69 Total $902,070.19 Average Number of Wage-earners. Month. Males. Females. Month. Males. Females. January. February March. .. April.... May June 678 6S7 690 728 845 875 45 55 45 70 91 97 July August September. October... November.. December . 955 1,033 1,037 902 887 108 82 62 52 74 55 Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only). For Week of Males. Females. Apprentices. Employmentof Greatest Number. 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Under $6.00 $6.00 to $6.99 . 7.00 to 7.99.. 5 8 10 19 13 30 27 38 152 64 86 74 39 62 60 29 38 30 26 48 24 24 17 14 8 12 19 7 1 1 15 35 35 31 35 23 6 19 7 1 7 2 2 5 9 1 8.00 to 8.99.. 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 15.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17.99.. 13 . 19 4 3 1 1 5 2 3 4 3 1 2 .... 2 1 2 5 4 18 3 1 19.00 to 19.99 . 1 21 00 to 21.99 24 00 to 24.99. 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 40 00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. Nationality of Employees. Country of Origin. Canada and Newfoundland Great Britain and Ireland United States of America Australasia Belgium France .... Italy Germany and Austria Central European and Balkan States Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc. Russia and Poland Other European country China Hindustan Japan All other countries Nationality not stated 710 294 20 1 1 5 13 14 31 70 15 2 15 112 15 2 G 54 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. SUMMARY OF ALL TABLES. Returns covering 3,530 Firms. Total Salary and Wage Payments during Twelve Months ended December 31st, 1933. Officers, Superintendents, and Managers $8,195,801.54 Clerks, Stenographers, and Salesmen, etc 9,247,006.05 Wage-earners (including piece-workers) 50,585,617.02 $68,028,424.61 Returns received too late to be included in above Summary $966,249.00 Estimated pay-roll of employers in occupations covered by Department's inquiry, and from whom returns were not received 1,000,000.00 Transcontinental Railways 10,031,979.67 Dominion and Provincial Government workers 5,000,000.00 Wholesale and Retail Firms 2,500,000.00 Delivery, Cartage and Teaming, Warehousing, Butchers, Moving-picture Operators, Coal and Wood Yards, and Auto Transportation 3,000,000.00 Ocean Services and Express Companies 7,500,000.00 Miscellaneous - 1,100,000.00 31,098,228.67 Total $99,126,653.28 Average Number of Wage-earners. Classified Weekly Wage-rates (Wage-earners only.) During the Month of Males. P^emales. 4,010 4,045 3,997 4,030 4,340 5,160 6,637 6,962 6,897 5,984 5,257 4,170 For Week of Employment of Greatest Number. Males. Females. 33,157 36,353 38,845 42,305 46,004 48,914 51,084 51,777 53,017 52,794 60,358 47,298 21 Yrs. & over. Under 21 Yrs. 18 Yrs. & over. Under 18 Yrs. Apprentices. Under $6.00 .... $6.00 to $6.99.. 7.00 to 7.99.. 8.00 to 8.99.. 9.00 to 9.99.. 10.00 to 10.99.. 11.00 to 11.99.. 12.00 to 12.99.. 13.00 to 13.99.. 14.00 to 14.99.. 15.00 to 16.99.. 16.00 to 16.99.. 17.00 to 17.99.. 18.00 to 18.99.. 19.00 to 19.99.. 20.00 to 20.99.. 21.00 to 21.99.. 22.00 to 22.99.. 23.00 to 23.99.. 24.00 to 24.99.. 25.00 to 25.99.. 26.00 to 26.99.. 27.00 to 27.99.. 28.00 to 28.99.. 29.00 to 29.99.. 30.00 to 34.99 . 35.00 to 39.99.. 40.00 to 44.99.. 45.00 to 49.99.. 50.00 and over.. Totals 96 405 728 592 1,187 1.063 809 2,550 2,154 2,436 2,965 2,780 2,208 2,927 3,024 2,989 3,884 3,304 1,971 3,819 2,750 1,902 1,806 2,552 1,176 5,087 2,202 1,293 676 656 61,891 193 223 208 232 214 230 143 264 126 156 137 90 52 108 47 45 52 39 10 11 10 7 3 5 1 3 2 1 264 318 310 170 278 338 391 927 936 1,333 550 439 439 479 177 160 75 56 43 41 51 17 12 12 10 21 6 116 32 89 28 29 43 36 77 36 14 15 10 14 13 6 3 2 1 1 2 56 67 63 57 38 Nationality of Employees. 32 14 Country of Origin. Males. Females. 12 12 29,742 18,551 1,471 119 231 141 1,379 846 1,295 5,298 1,111 271 2,357 499 2,594 875 20 6,167 1,772 150 10 19 33 81 142 35 105 108 19 26 11 3 Italy Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.. 10 465 56 16 2,612 7,903 567 REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 55 " HOURS OF WORK ACT." Administered by the Board of Adjustment consisting of Adam Bell, Chairman ; Robert Morrison and Norman deW. Lyons, members. The question of reducing the hours of labour is one occupying the attention of every person interested in industrial recovery. The hours worked by employees in British Columbia are, we believe, the lowest in any Province in the Dominion of Canada. Under a new administrative arrangement noted elsewhere in this report the " Board of Adjustment" will cease to exist upon promulgation by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council of the " Hours of Work Act, 1934," being replaced by the " Board of Industrial Relations " ; this Board will also be charged with the administration of the " Male Minimum Wage Act, 1934," and the " Minimum Wage Act for Women." AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS. The average weekly hours worked by the 71,185 employees reported by the 3,530 firms who made returns in time to be classified was 47.35, a decrease of 0.34 compared with 1932; 77.95 per cent, of all workers reported working forty-eight hours or less per week, 10.93 per cent, between eight but not more than nine hours per week, and 11.12 per cent, were working in excess of nine hours per day, or fifty-four hours per week. It may be asked why hours of work in some cases exceed forty-eight in the week when it is supposed the Act establishes an eight-hour day, and it should be again pointed out that the "Hours of Work Act, 1923," affected only certain industries, and that those affected are all within the required limit and only those outside the scope of the legislation exceed the limit of forty-eight hours. As will be noted in the new " Hours of Work Act, 1934," printed elsewhere, the Lieutenant- Governor in Council may bring any industry, business, trade, or occupation within the scope of the Statute by additions to the Schedule which is now part of the Act. The following table shows the average weekly hours worked by all employees and by industries:— Average Weekly Hours of AVoek, by Industries. Industry. 1929. 1930. 1931. 1932. 1933. 46.77 46.96 44.40 47.18 47.09 45.00 46.98 45.64 44.82 46.17 40.64 46.00 45.81 42.19 42.71 Builders' materials, etc. - Cigar and tobacco manufacturing Coal-mining 48.03 48.03 46.75 46.44 47.93 Coast shipping 51.05 53.94 53.69 51.11 51.82 Contracting 45.16 45.16 44.08 43.97 43.42 Explosives, chemicals, etc 46.04 45.30 44.80 49.70 42.00 51.01 52.23 48.84 49.25 47.83 Garment-making 44.87 44.08 44.53 46.58 43.68 House-furnishing 45.53 45.25 44.29 41.53 43.33 44.24 44.07 43.06 39.16 42.00 Laundries, cleaning and dyeing 46.62 46.06 45.93 46.44 44.40 Leather and fur goods, manufacture of 46.70 46.67 46.07 46.69 41.33 Lumber industries— Logging 47.31 48.44 48.46 48.28 48.41 Logging-railways 48.61 50.09 49.13 49.34 50.36 Lumber-dealers 47.63 47.59 47.65 45.80 45.28 Planing-mills 49.14 48.68 47.33 48.55 48.26 Sawmills 49.12 47.86 48.95 47.84 47.39 47.52 48.48 47.12 49.15 45.50 Shingle-mills Metal trades 45.87 53.96 46.10 45.88 52.29 47.32 45.85 51.46 48.89 45.70 50.34 46.51 45.85 52.11 44.96 Metal-mining Miscellaneous trades and industries Oil-refining 51.61 45.00 45.44 54.61 44.40 45.52 50.47 44.33 45.29 47.03 44.07 44.61 46.29 Paint-manufacturing 43.68 Printing and publishing 44.09 Pulp and paper manufacturing 48.35 48.32 48.11 44.79 48.30 Ship-building 44.15 44.35 44.13 42.81 43.53 52.72 44.61 52.01 46.25 52.04 44.85 53.24 45.43 46.47 44.87 Street-railways, gas, water, power, etc Wood-manufacture (not elsewhere specified). 47.03 45.92 45.20 44.72 45.33 G 56 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. " MALE MINIMUM WAGE ACT." Chairman, Adam Bell; George H. Cowan, K.C., and Norman deW. Lyons, members. Owing to certain weaknesses in the legislation passed during the legislative session of 1929, very little was accomplished under this particular legislation, the only Order promulgated covering Stationary Steam Engineers. A new Act was passed at the 1934 session of the Legislature, printed elsewhere in this report, which places the administration under the " Board of Industrial Relations." By the passing of the 1934 Act the legislation of 1929 was repealed and the Order covering Stationary Steam Engineers was cancelled. LABOUR DISPUTES AND CONCILIATION. Fourteen disputes regarding wages or working conditions occurred during 1933, involving 2,397 employees and a total loss in working-days of 25,760. While the number of strikes exceeds 1932 by three, it is gratifying to record that the number of employees affected and the time lost decreased considerably, as will be seen by the following table:— Year. No. of Strikes. Employees affected. Time lost in Working-days. 1931 11 11 14 2,322 4,136 2,397 79,310 37,740 25,760 1932 1933 The strike at Anyox accounted for 14,000 of the working-days lost during the year. There never was a time when the interests of employer and employee were so interwoven as they are to-day, and we suggest a closer contact, coupled with a more sympathetic understanding of the difficulties confronting employer and employee, which will react to the benefit of both parties. SMELTER AND COPPER MINERS, ANYOX. On February 1st, 1933, some of the employees of the above Company ceased work, demanding increases in wages of 50 cents per day and a 20-per-cent. reduction in the rates charged by the Company for board and rent. Recognition of the Mine Workers' Union of Canada was also demanded and certain improvements in working conditions. The primary reason for the disconent was undoubtedly the fact that the Company during the previous eighteen months made three reductions of 10 per cent, on the wage scale, the second and third cuts being of the original or basic rate. Board was charged at the rate of $1.10 per day and was not reduced until February, 1933, when it was reduced to $1 per day. Rents were also reduced at the same time in amounts ranging from $1.50 to $3 per month. The wages paid at the time of the strike being: Common labour, $2.40 to $2.50 per day; muckers, $2.75; and miners, $3.25 per day. There can be no doubt that the above facts, coupled with a recent order that all single men should board only at the Company's boarding-houses and that employees purchase all goods at the Company's stores, was sufficient to cause the strike. It became apparent upon investigation that the local Union had been in process of organization since the first wage reduction. The Company claimed that the operations had been carried on at a loss owing to the low price of copper, and that should the strike be prolonged the plant would be permanently closed. A clash between strikers and police took place on February 3rd; several of the strikers and police were injured, necessitating their removal to hospital. A number of strikers were arrested on charges of assault, but upon being tried were found " not guilty." Numbers of the prime movers in the strike movement left Anyox, and toward the middle of the month, after the Company had reduced board and rent charges, work was resumed on a restricted scale by the employees who were only indirectly affected. At the same time new employees began to arrive from various localities. Clashes between the police and strike sym- REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 57 pathizers occurred at Prince Rupert and Vancouver when men were leaving these points for Anyox. At the end of February work was being carried on on a fairly extensive scale. The Deputy Minister of Labour made a special trip to Anyox, and his report was laid before the Legislature, then in session, by the Minister of Labour. Work was resumed March 27th, 1933. CUSTOM TAILORING, VANCOUVER. Employees numbering fifty-three, members of the Journeymen Tailors' Union, ceased work on March 3rd, 1933, as a result of new piece-rates instituted by the employer, caused by the introduction of a new method of manufacture. Joint conferences were held between the interested parties, when an agreement was entered into between the Company and the Union, granting a slight increase in the piece-rates. Work was resumed March 10th; ended in favour of employees. COAL-MINERS, PRINCETON. Members of the Mine Workers' Union of Canada became involved in a dispute, resulting in a stoppage of work on May 1st, 1933. One colliery having proposed a reduction of 10 per cent, in the wage-rate, because existing trade conditions did not justify the higher rates during the summer months; this in spite of the fact that an agreement was in force which did not expire until December 1st, 1933. Conferences were held between the affected parties, after which a secret ballot by the men was taken, the miners voting against the reduction. On May 8th the management suspended operations; the employees alleging a lockout. Further conferences happily resulted in a settlement being reached, the miners agreeing to a modification of the seniority rule in employment, and gave the understanding not to demand a wage increase on the expiring of the existing agreement. Work was resumed May 19th. SHIPYARD-WORKERS, NEW WESTMINSTER. On May 8th a number of workers under the leadership of the Workers' Unity League employed at three shipyards ceased work, demanding an increase in wage-rates from $4 to $5.25 per day for shipwrights and caulkers and 40 cents per hour for labourers. A strike committee was elected and the plants picketed. The men, however, drifted back to work and by May 12th all had returned at the rates prevailing prior to the strike. LOGGERS, DUNCAN. Some sixty employees engaged at Hillcrest ceased work on May 12th, demanding an increase in wage-rates. The rates covering riggers, donkey engineers, loaders, etc., ranged from $1.80 to $4 per day and they demanded a scale between $2 to $4.50 per day. Work was resumed on May 15th on the understanding of the employer that wages would be increased later if business conditions should warrant it. SALMON-TROLLERS, VANCOUVER ISLAND. Salmon-trollers numbering 250 in the employ of three firms operating on the west coast of Vancouver Island were called out on May 16th by the Fishermen's Industrial Union in sympathy with the efforts of the fishermen in Washington and Oregon, U.S.A., to curtail the supply of fish which is marketed fresh. Gill-net fishermen and seiners did not cease work, nor did fishermen in other parts of British Columbia take any part in the strike. Work was resumed June 16th after adjustments had been completed on the American side of the boundary-line. PILE-DRIVERS, NEW WESTMINSTER. On June 5th, 1933, ten bridgemen, pile-drivers, etc., members of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners, ceased work in protest against a reduction in wages from 90 cents per hour to 75 cents. Settlement was made on the 90-cents-per-hour basis and work was resumed the next day. SAWMILL-WORKERS, DURIEU DISTRICT. Sawmill-workers and loggers, members of the Lumber Workers' Industrial Union of Canada, employed in two mills in the Durieu District, ceased work on June 6th, 1933, demanding an G 58 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. increase of 5 cents per hour, the prevailing rates being from 15 to 35 cents per hour. The plant was picketed by the strikers. Work was resumed June 17th, 1933, the hourly rate being increased by 2% cents per hour. RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES, VANCOUVER. Seven employees ceased work on August 1st, 1933, demanding an increase in wages. After seven days the employer had replaced the employees and the strike lapsed. LOGGERS, SPROAT LAKE. A logging crew numbering thirty-two men went on strike on September 9th, 1933, because of a report that a 20-per-cent. cut was to be put into effect by the management: the men countered by requesting a 10-per-cent. increase in prevailing rates. After four days' shut-down the employees returned to work at the old rate. SHINGLE-WEAVERS, FRASER MILLS. The shingle-weavers at one plant ceased work because of an apparent misunderstanding on the rates of wages under the N.R.A. scale, the management desiring that the men continue to work until the scale to be paid in the State of Washington had been fixed; the rate being paid at the plant was 18 cents per square. When the scale in the State of Washington had been fixed under the N.R.A. code the men returned to work, the rate being 25 cents per square. DIVERS AND CAISSON-WORKERS, VANCOUVER. Eighty employees engaged in connection with the construction of a bridge ceased work on November 9th, demanding increases in wages, the supply of equipment by the employer, and recognition of Submarine Divers' and Tenders' Union of Canada. The Deputy Minister of Labour and the Representative of the Federal Department of Labour, after conferences with representatives of both parties, arranged a settlement, the terms of which were made retroactive to the commencement of the work. The rates provided were: Divers supplying their own equipment, $25 ; divers without equipment, $20; divers' tenders, $7; valve-tenders, $5; compressed-air workers (caisson), $10; shiftbosses, $1 over compressed-air workers, all per working-period in accordance with the regulations of the Workmen's Compensation Board for British Columbia; lock-tenders $8 and lock-tenders' helpers $4 per day of eight hours. The Union had demanded $10 for lock-tenders and $5 for helpers. The employer agreed to reimburse employees for rubber boots, and to have weekly pay periods, and to permit an accredited representative of the Union access to the work, provided operations were not interfered with. Work was resumed November 18th, 1933. HOP-PICKERS, FRASER VALLEY. Hop-pickers numbering 1,200 ceased work on September 9th, 1933, demanding an increase from 1% cents per pound to 2% cents per pound in the rates paid and better living conditions. The Company granted an increase of % cent per pound, bringing the rate to 1% cents, and also installed a water system to Japanese camp. BOX-FACTORY WORKERS, VANCOUVER. Thirty-five employees of a box-factory ceased work on October 26th, 1933, protesting against the introduction of a new system and grievances against the plant foreman. After being out three days the men returned to work on the employer's terms. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 59 SUMMARY OF LABOUR DISPUTES, 1933. Industry or Occupation. Particulars. No. of Employees affected. Time lost in Working- days. Commenced February 1st, 1933, for increase in wages and decrease in charge for board; board reduced; wages remained the same. In favour of employers. Work resumed March 27th, 1933 Commenced March 3rd, 1933, against reduction in piece-rates; new agreement negotiated with Union, granting slight increase in rates. Work resumed March 19th, 1933. In favour of em- 450 45 80 20 60 250 10 7 32 50 80 1,200 35 Custom tailoring, Vancouver 14,000 292 Alleged lockout commenced May 1st, 1933, decrease in wages; terminated May 19th, 1933, 960 Shipyard-workers, New Westminster Commenced May 8th, 1933, for increase in wages ; terminated May 12th, 1933, in favour of em- 100 Loggers, Duncan Ceased work May 12th, 1933, for increase in hourly rate; terminated May 15th, 1933, in 120 Salmon-trollers, "Vancouver Island Commenced May 16th, 1933, in sympathy with fishermen's strike in Washington and Oregon, U.S.A.; terminated June 16th, 1933, in favour 6 500 Bridgemen, pile-drivers, etc., New Westminster Commenced June 5th, 1933, against reduction in wages; terminated June 6th, 1933, in favour 10 Commenced August 1st, 1933, for increase in 150 Commenced September 9th, 1933, because of a report that wages were to be reduced 20 per cent. ; men demanded 10 per cent, increase; terminated September 12th, 1933, in favour of 128 Shingle-weavers, Fraser Mills Ceased work August 30th, 1933, pending settlement of wage-rates in State of Washington, under N.R.A. code; wages increased from 18 675 Divers and caisson-workers, Vancouver Eighty employees ceased work November 9th, 1933, demanding increase in wages and recognition of the Union ; terminated November 18th, 1933 ; partially successful 720 Commenced September 9th, 1933, demanding increase in wages and better housing conditions ; terminated September 11th, 1933, in favour of employees 1,500 105 Box-factory workers, Vancouver- Commenced October 26th, 1933, in protest against new system and grievances against the foreman ; terminated October 30th, 1933, in favour Totals 2,397 25 960 EMPLOYMENT SERVICE. General Superintendent Jas. H. McVety. B.C. Workmen's Compensation and Labour Offices, corner Homer and Dunsmuir Streets, Vancouver. Branch Offices. Vancouver, cor. Homer and Dunsmuir Streets 1 Vancouver (Women's Branch), cor. Homer and Dunsmuir j. Jas. Mitchell, Superintendent. Streets J Victoria, Langley and Broughton Streets )„„,,,. • .. j 4. ... . . '.„. _ ,_ . . T , , », ,t c. . \ H. Cnsford, Superintendent. Victoria (Women's Branch), Langley and Broughton Streets j New Westminster , Robt. MacDonald, Superintendent. Nanaimo J. T. Carrigan, Superintendent. Kamloops J. H. How, Superintendent. Penticton A. Gilley, Superintendent. Nelson J. M. Dronsfield, Superintendent. Prince Rupert J. M. Campbell, Superintendent. • . Handicap Section. f G. S. Bell, Clerk. Vancouver, cor. Homer and Dunsmuir Streets \ R. L. Mavius, Clerk. [ H. Parry, Clerk. Victoria, Langley and Broughton Streets W. A. Turner, Clerk. The following report is submitted by the General Superintendent of the Employment Service:— This is the fifteenth annual report of the British Columbia Branch of the Employment Service of Canada, a branch of the Department of Labour, and covers the work for the calendar year 1933. There are ten offices in operation in the Province, as follows: Vancouver (2), Victoria (2), New Westminster, Nanaimo, Prince Rupert, Nelson, Kamloops, and Penticton. Separate offices are provided in Vancouver and Victoria for the employment of women, and separate sections for dealing with the employment problems of men handicapped through service overseas or in industrial occupations. Owing to the reduced opportunities for employment, the offices, with the exception of Vancouver and Victoria, were operated on a half-time basis. CONDITIONS DURING THE YEAR. Industrial conditions did not improve to any appreciable extent during the period. With the exception of lumbering, which showed signs of improved conditions during the latter part of the year, practically all branches of the basic industries were less active than during previous years. The Dominion Bureau of Statistics in its summary shows the 1933 index averaged 78, as compared with 80.5 in 1932, 95.5 in 1931, 107.9 in 1930, 111.5 in 1929, and 106.4 in 1928. There was a large surplus of every class of labour and it was necessary to continue relief measures on a large scale, the cost being divided between the Dominion, Provincial, and Municipal Governments. At the close of 1932 the relief camps for single men were being used for the purpose of direct relief, road-work having been discontinued. Early in the current year, as the result of a new agreement between the Dominion and Provincial Governments, the camps were gradually taken over by the Department of National Defence, that Department having already opened a number of camps within the Province for the purpose of providing emergency landing-fields for aeroplanes. Under the new arrangements, men for camps were required to be " single, homeless, and destitute " and medically fit. They were required to work, and for their labour received food, clothing, tobacco, medical and hospital services, and 20 cents per day in cash. The arrangements for the medical examination and shipment of the men were in charge of the Employment Service officers. Men who were physically fit were required to proceed to camps, and during the winter months the accommodation was not sufficient to meet the demand owing to the large number of transients who came to the Coast on account of the milder climate. There was considerable agitation against the camps as administered by the Department of National Defence, with the result that a number of strikes and evictions occurred. As the camp officers came to understand the problems better and the men saw that the reports of militarism in camps were without foundation, a much better feeling existed in the area west of Revelstoke, although conditions were not so favourable in the Kootenays. REPORT OP DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 61 In addition to carrying on the usual employment activities, the Employment Service cooperated writli many branches of Governments, both Dominion and Provincial, and also with municipal authorities, a number of our offices being entrusted with the assignment of all men employed on municipal projects carried on by relief labour. The arrangement whereby the Employment Service co-operates with the Department of Immigration in the consideration of applications for permission to import workers from foreign countries was continued during the year. Considering the large surplus of labour in this country, it is remarkable the number of applications received from employers for permission to import labour from the United States. Although but a small number of citizens of that country were admitted, the number of deportees arriving in British Columbia from the United States continued to be quite a problem, as the majority of them became an immediate charge on the Dominion and Provincial Governments. BUSINESS TRANSACTED DURING THE YEAR. The business transacted is shown by tables, the figures showing the work by offices and months. Although the Cranbrook, Prince George, and Revelstoke offices were closed, the number of placements show an increase of 10 per cent, when compared with the previous year's work. Owing, however, to the shipment of men to relief camps and the assignment of men to municipal works carried on by relief labour, the results cannot be compared with those of any normal year, when the placements were made exclusively in industrial employment. The registration of applicants for employment or relief and the shipment of men to camps operated by the Department of National Defence, which requires an extensive system of records to reduce the possibilities of fraud, threw an additional load on the members of the staff, and particularly on those in the Vancouver offices. The number of placements was 41,318, all but three being within the Province. Of this number, 156 .were transferred from one employment zone to another, the Vancouver offices being responsible for the greater part of this movement. Of the 41,318 placements, 18,927 were sent to " regular " positions, where the duration of employment ranged from one week to permanence. The balance, 22,391, were given " casual " work, where the duration was expected to be less than one week. Of the 4.841 women placed, the Vancouver office sent 3.706, the balance, 1,135, being the work of the Victoria office. The placements were about equally divided between " regular " and " casual" positions and the greater part being in the domestic service branch. WORK IN THE HANDICAP SECTIONS. The official responsibility for the care of handicapped ex-service men rests with the Dominion Government, but with a view to increasing the opportunities for employment an agreement was made in December, 1924, between the Dominion and Provincial Governments, whereby the former supplies additional staff and the latter special facilities in Vancouver and Victoria for providing employment for handicapped workmen. Under this arrangement disabled men secure a much wider range of opportunity of employment than if they were dependent on offices dealing exclusively with orders intended to be filled by handicapped men. Despite the work of the Handicap sections and the hearty co-operation of members of the Employment Service staff throughout the Province, the greater portion of whom are ex-service men, many of them with severe handicaps, it is impossible to find work for but a small percentage of the applicants. Many of them are suffering from the disabilities of age, aggravated, no doubt, by war service, and in the constantly overstocked labour market they are virtually unemployable. In October, 1930, the Dominion Government provided for unemployable ex-service men by the passage of the " War Veterans' Allowance Act," in which provision is made for an allowance to men of 60 years or over, provided they are pensioners or were engaged in a theatre of war. Men under 60 who are " continuously unemployable through physical or mental disability, or both," are, subject to the same service qualifications, similarly dealt with. There are 1,567 ex-service men in this Province in receipt, of this allowance. A better idea of the extent to which handicapped ex-service men have affected the unemployment situation in this Province is obtained from the figures showing the number of pensioners. In January, 1925, there wrere 5,410 former members of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces in receipt of pension resident in British Columbia. In 1927 this number had increased to 6.189, and again increased to 7,550 at December, 1930. At the end of 1933 there were 9,330, and to this G 62 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. must be added approximately 1,500 Imperial Army pensioners who have made their homes in this Province. About 75 per cent, of these men are residing on the Lower Mainland and the southern end of Vancouver Island. These districts, because of favourable climatic conditions, are also a Mecca for physically fit men, and the nature of our major industries requires men of this class rather than those disabled as a result of war service or industrial accidents. An excessive number of handicapped men, the number having nearly doubled in a period of nine years, a large surplus of labour of all kinds, and industries of a primary extractive nature at present suffering from the universal depressed industrial conditions, form the setting in which the Handicap sections of the Vancouver and Victoria offices must carry on their work. In addition to the primary duty of assisting ex-service men, every effort is made to procure employment for those whose efficiency has been impaired by industrial accidents. During the year 726 positions were found for handicapped men, the work being about equally divided between Vancouver and Victoria, all but 88 being of an expected duration of less than one week. With the exception of 196 jobs which went to industrial handicaps, the handicapped ex-service men received the balance. OTHER BRANCHES OF ACTIVITY. Reference was made in a previous report to the importance of the Employment Service maintaining the proper relationship between public employment work and social service. If a public employment office becomes known as a relief agency or closely associated with the distribution of direct relief, employers conclude that vacancies are being filled from the ranks of the most necessitous rather than from those best qualified by experience for the work to be performed. The two fields are separate and distinct. The view-point of persons engaged in relief-work or any other branch of social service is not necessarily in accord with that of the employer in need of qualified employees. To maintain the correct balance is, owing to the extent to which the experience of Employment Service officers is being utilized, difficult of accomplishment, but in this Province the two roles have been kept clearly separated. It has been the view, however, that special registrations, where this work is connected with the shipment of men to relief projects or of women to industrial or domestic employment, is a legitimate employment service work which in no way impairs the general efficiency of the Department in its dealings with employers and workmen. There has, however, been the fullest co-operation with all branches of Government in meeting the many difficult problems which have arisen out of the existing industrial situation. The employment offices have continued to act as information bureaus for employers, workers, public and semi-public bodies, and citizens generally in all parts of the Empire, and after fifteen years of service has gained the confidence of the employers and workmen and is now recognized as an essential factor in our industrial system. BUSINESS TRANSACTED BY BRITISH COLUMBIA OFFICES, 1933. Office. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers out of B.C. Kamloops Nanaimo Nelson New Westminster Penticton Prince Rupert Vancouver Vancouver (Women) Victoria Victoria (Women).... Totals 3,144 6,620 4,919 3,402 3,571 6,580 58,924 29,702 14,427 4,547 135,836 1,868 5,838 4,885 565 1,220 1,534 8,535 3,686 12,219 1,135 41,485 1,786 5,838 4,852 561 1,197 1,534 8,518 3,684 12,213 1,135 41,318 127 22 156 REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 63 BUSINESS TRANSACTED MONTHLY, BRITISH COLUMBIA OFFICES, 1933. Month. Applications. Employers' Orders. Placements. Transfers in B.C. Transfers out of B.C. January February March April May June July August September October.. November December Totals .410 554 .360 ,061 .984 664 416 .362 015 ,668 523 .819 135,836 2,625 2,481 3,814 3,183 2,915 4,373 2,979 2,880 4,402 4,060 3,332 4,441 41,485 2,624 2,481 3,802 3,173 2,924 4,351 2,956 2,851 4,405 3,978 3,369 4,404 41,318 15 17 15 12 23 20 21 16 156 INSPECTION OF FACTORIES. Vancouver, B.C., June 8th, 1934. Adam Bell, Esq., Deputy Minister of Labour, Parliament Buildings, Victoria, B.C. Sir,—I herewith submit the annual report of the Factory Inspection Branch for the year 1933. In giving a resume of the activities of this Department for the above year, we report that, in addition to our regular inspections of industrial plants throughout the Province, we have covered what to us is new territory. We refer to the Bridge River Mining District. The recent remarkable development of the mines in this portion of the Province has meant the construction and operation of concentrators, sawmills, power plants, and other related industries. During the year 1,148 inspections and reinspections of factories were made. Any infractions of the several sections of the " Factories Act," where found, were covered by written orders specifying measures to be taken which would bring the factory in conformity with the statutory requirements. In view of the fact that we are required to visit all manufacturing plants where three or more persons are employed, we are enabled to form a fairly accurate estimate as to the industrial activity throughout the Province. Towards the latter part of the preceding year indications gave us reasonable cause to hope . that industry as a whole was at last on the upward trend, but the year under review has passed into history as a very difficult one for both employers and employees. Our visits of inspection, with the exception of seasonable industries, reveal a large number of plants operating beneath their capacity. It is indeed discouraging to enter plants w'hich in former years were large employers of labour and find a large portion of the costly machinery idle, with consequent reduction in staff. Regardless of these conditions, the owners and managers of these plants have faith in the Province and the Dominion and look to the future with confidence. In addition to adverse industrial conditions under which industry is labouring, each succeeding year discloses further Oriental penetration into the manufacturing life of the Province. That this penetration is rapidly becoming a serious factor in competition with long-established businesses cannot be denied. In proof of this statement we will cite one particular instance where we made an inspection of a plant which to our knowledge has for eighteen years been manufacturing a product, the production of which in the past required the services of a considerable number of male and female employees. At the time of our inspection they were operating with a depleted staff owing to lack of orders. Following our departure from this plant, we visited a factory owned and operated by Orientals which manufactures the same product, and found the factory a scene of great industrial activity. ACCIDENT-PREVENTION. Only a few decades ago factory inspection was unknown. The worker sold his services at the current rates of pay and assumed the risks of his employment. He took working conditions as he found them, safe or unsafe. There was little or no protection afforded him: gears were left unguarded; projecting set-screws were everywhere in evidence; unguarded saws were rendering men incapable of making a living, and privation for him and his family was the all too frequent result. The loss of an arm, a leg, a finger, or a hand seemed to be looked upon as the price of industry, and was largely attributed to carelessness on the part of the workman. Factory inspection and workmen's compensation laws have made it obligatory in the conduct of industry to provide safe working conditions for employees, and it is only reasonable to expect the employee, for whose benefit these laws were placed in the statute-books, to co-operate and see that all guards are kept in place, reporting any defective guards or machinery promptly to the foreman. It is now generally agreed that successful accident-prevention is a co-operative proposition and co-operation in all that the name implies; that is, both receiving and giving help. If those in authority take the attitude that the only safety precautions taken will be those specified by the Inspector following his visit, it will mean a higher accident-rate. In other words, safety must be a continuous process and can only be really successful when the owner, superintendent, foreman, and each individual employee enter into the processes that save lives and limbs. Owing to the prolonged period of industrial inactivity, we have been somewhat concerned over the possibility that, in the name of economy, there would be a tendency to curtail plant safety activities, but our visits of inspection reveal that, with few exceptions, such is not the case. Our activities in connection with industrial accident-prevention have during the year included the impressing upon workmen and management of industry the necessity of maintaining in place mechanical safeguards which have been provided in former years. That our efforts in this respect have in a considerable measure been successful can be gauged by the fact that we were not called upon to investigate as large a number of accidents. HOURS OF WORK. Although it is lawful to employ female factory employees forty-eight hours per week, personal observation and the returns from factories employing this class of help indicate a shorter working-week, the operating hours being governed by the demand for the product. Where there is a large seasonable demand for the goods manufactured, but not a sufficiently stable demand to warrant increased equipment being installed, either an extra shift has been employed or a request made for an overtime permit. With so many at present unemployed, it may be thought that requests for overtime permits should not, especially under prevailing conditions, receive any consideration. To those who are not conversant with the conditions which prompt these requests a word of explanation may be in order. With few exceptions, permission to work overtime is the result of buyers, for a variety of reasons, deferring the placing of their orders for an abnormal length of time, and when at last placing the order specify a very limited time for delivery. This results in the manufacturer, in his desire to give service and to retain his connection and preserve an outlet for his commodity, making a request for an overtime permit. Unfortunately this procedure, which seems to be a condition born of the times, reacts unfavourably for both employer and employee, as it permits of only intermittent employment for the worker and forces the employer to work his plant to capacity for short periods during the year and the remaining time is comparatively idle. Following our usual procedure, we first visit the factory before a permit is granted and endeavour to have additional help employed instead of working overtime. Upon this suggestion, the statement is usually made that skilled help is not available. It is proven that there is some merit to this contention by the fact that four years of economic stress has forced the skilled workmen to seek other occupations. However, out of numerous applications for overtime permits, only ten were granted. Each succeeding year brings better observance from the proprietors of Oriental laundries of the hours during which a laundry may operate. Police Court proceedings were taken against the proprietor of one of these laundries for operating after 7 p.m. Upon pleading guilty, he was fined $50 and costs by the Magistrate. SANITATION AND LIGHTING. In order that the health and comfort of employees working in a factory may be ensured, it is necessary that there is plenty of daylight coming through clear and clean windows on all sides; that the working-room is airy and roomy, not overcrowded, and properly ventilated; that the electric light is of adequate strength and effectively guarded against glare; and that proper and adequate toilet facilities are provided for the workers. Certain sections of the " Factories Act" specify the above requirements, but it quite frequently results in a controversy between landlord and tenant as to who is responible for providing same, particularly in the case of the provision of sanitary conveniences for both sexes. Take, for example, a factory comprising three male and two female employees, the working conditions of which are as good as the location of the working-room will permit, with the exception that we find on our visits of inspection one toilet only is provided. When this infraction of the Act is brought to the employer's attention, he very often attempts to evade his 5 G 66 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. responsibility in this matter by stating that he is not the owner of the building, and the landlord or his agents are the ones to whom we should address all communications in this connection. As the " Factories Act" specifically states that it is the duty of the employer to conform to the statutory requirements in this respect, we have no alternative but to hold him responsible for doing so. Our insistence on the installation of proper sanitary conveniences is at times met with a threat from a certain type of employer that he will dispense with the services of his female employees rather than comply with our instructions, and in one instance actually did so; but if the price of employment means the acceptance of such conditions it is our duty, as servants of the State, to prevent either the employee from submitting to them or permitting the employer to impose same. During the year ten factories which lacked proper sanitary conveniences were, after a reasonable time-limit, forced to comply with the regulations. COMPLAINTS. The usual number of complaints, anonymously and otherwise, were received during the year; some of which, investigation proved, were justified; others were, however, greatly exaggerated; and in a number of cases the conditions complained of did not or could not have possibly existed. The nature of these complaints received would indicate that they came largely from persons engaged in highly competitive business, as investigation and interview with employees proved that the matters complained of were not founded on fact. We are, however, grateful for any information given us relative to infractions of any section of the " Factories Act," believing it is done so in a co-operative spirit. FREIGHT AND PASSENGER ELEVATORS. Upon entering an elevator a person has the right to assume that all necessary provisions have been made for ensuring his or her safe transportation to and from any floor in the building in which this service is provided, and it is one of the responsible duties of this Department to see that the elevators are safe and reliable for the transfer of freight or passengers. Once installed, an elevator becomes a fixed feature of the building and remains in service for a long term of years, and in the course of time a great many different persons with varying degrees of ability are placed in charge of the maintenance of the equipment. In the year under review 500 freight and 353 passenger elevators were inspected. The operation of three passenger-elevators was suspended, when inspection revealed them to be unsafe for the carriage of passengers; and the carrying capacity of one freight-elevator was limited to 500 lb., pending the replacement of major parts. While no fatal or serious accidents occurred to the public on passenger-elevators during the year, I regret to report that two persons lost their lives on passenger-elevator installations through no defect in the equipment; and one boy was crushed to death while attempting to board a moving freight-elevator. The following are the particulars in each case:— A maintenance-man, whose duties consist at times of making minor repairs and adjustments to the elevator, requested that the elevator operator run him up and down several times on the passenger-elevator. In explanation of making this request he told the operator he did not think the elevator was operating satisfactorily. After making several return trips he asked the operator to let him off at the main floor, with instructions to run to the top floor and down again, while he stood at the landing entrance with the hoistway-door open, in order that he might better detect what he thought was an unusual noise in the hoistway. While the operator was descending with the car the maintenance-man, who must have been standing with a portion of his body inside the hoistway, was struck by the descending car, receiving injuries which later proved fatal. Examination and operation of the elevator after the accident revealed it to be in perfect working condition. The wife of a licensed elevator operator in an office building in which he was employed, and in which he had housekeeping-rooms on one of the upper floors, had been down town shopping, and upon returning to the building found a mother and daughter, who wished to be conveyed to one of the upper floors, standing in front of the passenger-elevator. As it was after regular office-hours, the elevator service had been discontinued and the car was parked at one of the upper landings. When the elevator operator's wife found the hoistway-door closed and locked, she took from her purse a nail or some other small article, inserted it in a small hole in the hoistway-door, and lifted the locking-bar, which permitted the door to be opened. Investigation showed that this instrument was supplied to her by her husband, the elevator operator. Being under the impression that the car was at that landing, she stepped into the open shaftway, falling a distance of approximately 15 feet, receiving injuries which later proved fatal. At considerable expense to the owner, upon recommendation of this Department, interlocks had been placed on all hoistway-doors of the passenger-elevator in this building, but they were rendered ineffective by the above-mentioned hole being drilled in the door. A 16-year-old boy apprentice in a clothing-factory, who had occasion to go to an upper floor with an armful of material, instead of using the stairway provided, opened the hoistway-gate, and in attempting to board a moving freight-elevator, in some undetermined manner tripped and fell on the car-platform and in falling was crushed between the car-platform and the side of the elevator-hoistway, causing him to receive injuries which later proved fatal. ELEVATOR OPERATORS. During the year 1933, 546 males and 197 females renewed their licences; 108 males and 41 females wrote examinations and obtained licences as elevator operators. Thirty men and eight women applied for and received temporary licences, but for some reason did not appear for examination at the end of the probationary period. As in former years, a number of applications were refused because the applicants were either under the age of 21 or not British subjects. CONCLUSION. We desire to extend the thanks of this Department to all officials and employees connected with industry for their co-operation with us during the year. Respectfully submitted. H. Douglas, Factories Inspector. G 68 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. PREFACE TO THE MINIMUM WAGE BOARD REPORT. While the report officially covers the calendar year 1933, the material to be collected for statistical and other purposes cannot be assembled until the early part of the following year. At the 1934 session of the Legislature the " Women's Minimum Wage Act" was repealed, and a new Statute, called the " Female Minimum Wage Act, 1934," received the assent of the Lieutenant-Governor on March 29th of that year. At the same time a " Male Minimum Wage Act" became law, and the Board of Industrial Relations was established, under the latter Act, to administer several labour laws. This new Board was entrusted with the work previously done by the Minimum Wage Board, which, since 1918, had striven earnestly to carry out the provisions of the original " Minimum Wage Act " as they applied to women and girls of the Province. This report, therefore, is the final record of the original Board and a forerunner of reports of the new Board of Industrial Relations. It will be noted that, while three members constituted the former Board, their number has been increased to five under the newer Statute. The Deputy Minister of Labour is designated Chairman as before. The Act provides that one of the five members must be a woman, and Helen Gregory MacGill, who had acted on the Board since its inception, working tirelessly in the interests of the employees covered by the regulations, was named to represent women on the Board of Industrial Relations. However, shortly after this announcement, Mrs. MacGill was reappointed Judge of the Juvenile Court in Vancouver. She thereupon resigned her position on the Board. Mrs. Rex Eaton, who has taken a very active interest in social and labour legislation for many years, has been named to succeed her. The Board is fortunate in having on its personnel Dr. W. A. Carrothers, Chairman of the Economic Council. His recognized ability and wide grasp of economic problems should prove extremely helpful to the Board in its deliberations. Mr. James Thomson has an intimate knowledge of the employees' needs, having been connected with trade-union organizations over a period of years. With Mr. C. J. McDowell, a practical business-man, the proper balance of representation is maintained. The Board is looking forward to a very active year, and commences its new duties with a keen realization that the difficulties to be encountered will be many, but with a hope, also, that its efforts to help British Columbia's women and girl workers will be far-reaching in beneficial results. Adam Bell, Chairman. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 69 REPORT OF THE MINIMUM WAGE BOARD. Members of the Board. 1. Adam Bell, Deputy Minister of Labour, Chairman Parliament Buildings, Victoria. 2. Helen Gregory MacGill 1492 Harwood Street, Vancouver. 3. Herbert Geddes 322 Water Street, Vancouver. Superseded by Board of Industrial Relations, March 29th, 1934. 1. Adam Bell, Deputy Minister of Labour, Chairman Parliament Buildings, Victoria. Helen Gregory MacGill (resigned June 22nd, 1934, when appointed Judge of the Juvenile Court, Vancouver). Succeeded by 2. Fraudena Eaton 24 Seventh Avenue West, Vancouver. 3. William Alexander Carrothers Parliament Buildings, Victoria. 4. James Thomson 1830 Tenth Avenue East, Vancouver. 5. Christopher John McDowell 1000 Douglas Street, Victoria. Officials of the Board. Mabel A. Cameron, Secretary Parliament Buildings, Victoria. Essie Brown, Inspector 411 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. Anna B. Suckling, Assistant Inspector 411 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. To the Honourable the Minister of Labour, Province of British Columbia. Sir,—We have the honour to submit the sixteenth annual report of the Minimum Wage Board of British Columbia for the year ended December 31st, 1933. PRACTICAL BENEFITS. The year 1933 has set a record in the history of the Board for collection of moneys to which employees were entitled under the regulations, and which their employers had failed to pay them. The sum of $6,835.81 tells a story of diligent activity on the part of the Board and its officials, but also reveals that the stressful conditions, still prevailing, lead many employers to attempt to evade the law. The sum mentioned was made up of varying amounts, from less than a dollar in some instances, to very substantial figures in other cases. While the bulk of the money was distributed to workers in the larger centres of Vancouver, Victoria, New Westminster, and Nanaimo, girls in the Interior of the Province also received very practical evidence of the protection of the Act, when their employers were required to make up shortages in wages. All classes of occupation were affected; for establishments which, either knowingly or unwittingly, had paid employees below the legal minimum included mercantile concerns; hotels, restaurants, and apartments ; business and professional offices ; fruit and vegetable canneries and packing-houses; beauty-parlours; factories of various types; and laundries. A table of arrears of wages collected for women and girl employees since 1927 follows:— Year. Amount collected. 1927 $2,384.17 1928 3,202.11 1929 2,838.61 1930 3,059.10 1931 3,581.44 1932 2,840.58 1933 6,835.81 COURT CASES. The collection in 1933 of the sum mentioned above entailed numerous investigations and interviews. For, while some employers make the necessary wage adjustments promptly and with good grace, others are reluctant to settle with the girls. The board exerts its best efforts to administer the Act and resultant Orders without recourse to legal proceedings, for obviously it is unpleasant for all concerned to be compelled to go to Court for a settlement. There were cases, however, which could not be adjusted amicably, and informations had to be laid in the Police Court in such instances. G 70 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. The following summary gives the details of these cases:—■ Order and Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. (1.) Public Housekeeping—Aurora Confectionery, 2501 Main Street, Vancouver ; S. C. Panasis, proprietor (2.) Public Housekeeping—Cameo Cafe\ 56 Powell Street, Vancouver; M. Matsuyama, proprietor (3.) Public Housekeeping — Castle Hotel, 750 Granville Street, Van- couver ; Mrs. Karlan Larsen, proprietress (4.) Public Housekeeping — Common Gold Cafe\ 50 Hastings Street East, Vancouver; Chinese proprietors (5.) Public Housekeeping — Corner Lunch, 897 Granville Street, Vancouver ; E. J. Gillette, proprietor (6.) Public Housekeeping — Dominion Cafe\ 954 Granville Street, Vancouver ; Lew Fini, proprietor (7.) Public Housekeeping—Dunsmuir Hotel, 500 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, J. C. LaBelle, proprietor (8.) Public Housekeeping—Exchange Caf6, 1033 Granville Street, Vancouver ; Jung Jan Foo, proprietor (9.) Public Housekeeping — Liberty Cafe, 330 Carrall Street, Vancouver ; Wong Poy, proprietor (10.) Public Housekeeping — Newest Caf6, 1145 Granville Street, Vancouver ; Henley (Chinese), proprietor (11.) Public Housekeeping—Paris Caf6, 438 Pender Street West, Vancouver ; S. Mavromatis, proprietor (12.) Public Housekeeping — Patricia Cafe\ 403 Hastings Street East, Vancouver; Hy Lew, proprietor (13.) Public Housekeeping—Ritz Hotel, 83 Pender Street West, Vancouver ; W. J. Tucker, proprietor (14.) Public Housekeeping — Speedie's Cafe, 629 Broughton Street, Victoria ; Mrs. Jessie Speedie, proprietress (15.) Public Housekeeping—Winifred's Ice Cream and Pastry Shop, 2822 Granville Street, Vancouver ; Paul Udeson and Nels Neilson, proprietors Paj'ing less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to three chambermaids Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to two waitresses Paying less than minimum wage to two waitresses Paying less than minimum wage to two chambermaids and working them excessive hours Paying less than minimum wage to waitress (girl forced to sign for higher sum than she received) Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to four waitresses (girls had to sign receipts for higher amounts than they received) Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to chambermaid Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Paying less than minimum wage to waitress Case adjourned from week to week as settlement was made in instalments. Total arrears paid, $30.85. No fine imposed. Settled out of Court on payment of $25 arrears and Court costs. Arrears of $36.10 ordered paid to each of the three employees. No fine imposed. Fined $25 and ordered to pay $78.50 arrears. Matter of payment for overtime was to be taken by employee to a Civil Court. Case heard after many adjournments, and settled out of Court on payment of $87 arrears to one girl and $63 to the other girl. Fined $25 or ten days in prison on each charge and ordered to pay $198.50 arrears to each girl. Accused refused to make settlement and was arrested. After being in prison a short time he settled the accounts and was released. Fined $25 or ten days in prison on charge of underpayment of wages. Settlement of $97 arrears made to each employee. Fined $25 or one month in prison and ordered to pay $132.75 arrears of wages. Fined $25 or one month in prison and ordered to pay $12.58 arrears. Fined $25 on each of four charges; in default, distress ; and in default of distress ten days in prison on each charge or forty days in all. Order for wages pending for one girl. Arrears ordered for two in the sums of $117 and $99 respectively, and if not paid accused to serve twenty-one days on each order. Fourth girl out of town, so no order made yet in her case. Fined $25 and ordered to pay $23.62 arrears. Fined $25 or ten days in prison and ordered to pay $79.75 arrears. Case adjourned from week to week as employer paying off arrears due in periodic instalments. Fined $25 and ordered to pay $12.62 arrears. Settlement pending. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 71 Court Cases—Continued. Order and Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. (16.) Public Housekeeping — Wishing Well, Georgia and Cardero Streets, Vancouver; C. Marshall, proprietor (17.) Office and Mercantile- derson, Prince George -Karl An- (18.) Office — Victor M. David, 266 Second Avenue East, Vancouver (information laid in Victoria for work done there) (19.) Office — Ker's Batteries, Ltd., 5 Second Avenue East, Vancouver; Messrs. Ker and Marshall, proprietors (20.) Office—Professional Service, 810 Vancouver Block, Vancouver; W. G. Ferris, proprietor (21.) Office—St. Regis Caf« and Cabaret, Seymour and Dunsmuir Streets Vancouver; P. McCul- lough, proprietor (22.) Mercantile — Ezzy's Chocolate Shop, Ltd., 4136 Main Street, Vancouver; A. K. Ezzy, proprietor (23.) Mercantile—John Clausen, florist, 910 Pacific Street, Vancouver (24.) Mercantile — Hamilton Grocery, 699 Hamilton Street, Vancouver; Mrs. E. Stalmans, proprietress (25.) Mercantile — Kwong Loy Chong Co., 306 Main Street, Vancouver; E. C. Kwong, proprietor (26.) Mercantile—Rae's Leather Goods, 583 Granville Street, Vancouver ; G. A. Share, proprietor Paying less than minimum wage to waitresses and working them excessive hours Paying less than minimum rate to girl who worked part time as stenographer and part time as saleslady Paying less than minimum wage to stenographer Paying less than minimum wage to stenographer Paying less than minimum wage to office employee Paying less than minimum wage to cashier Paying less than minimum wage to salesgirl and working her excessive hours Paying less than minimum wage to salesgirl Paying less than minimum wage to salesgirl Paying less than minimum wage to salesgirl Paying less than minimum wage to two salesladies Fined $25 or one month in prison on the long-hour charge. On being examined by employer's lawyer, witness admitted low wage was on account, and employer swore he had told the girls they would be paid later. This fact was not known to prosecutor and minimum-wage official, and Magistrate said he would have to dismiss the case. Two employees took matter for collection of arrears into Civil Court and judgments for $126 and $44.13 were obtained. Fined $25 and costs, or fifteen days in prison, and ordered to pay $86.36 arrears. On service of summons, cheque for $5 arrears delivered to Board for employee and case withdrawn. Case argued and employee agreed to settle for $30. Same paid and no fine imposed. Evidence disclosed employer had promised more than minimum wage if business improved, but Inspector had not been advised of this or information would not have been laid. Case dismissed from Police Court and employee intended to take matter to Civil Court for collection. Case adjourned from week to week to permit settlement. Employer failed to appear one week and bench warrant issued, bail being set at $25. Employer arrested. Next time he appeared in Court he asked for remission of bail, which was refused. Arrears of $20 paid to employee. Case partially argued when witness decided she did not wish to proceed further as settlement for $100 had been made. As the Board could not finish without girl's evidence the case had to be dismissed. Fined $25 or five days in prison. Girl withdrew her charge for arrears pending decision in the Appeal Court re wages by commission. If appeal case favourable, employee was to sue in County Court for wages due. Settled out of Court on payment of $150 arrears of wages. Settled out of Court on payment of $48.85 arrears. Settlement out of Court on request of employees, who had been paid $32.65 and $21.79, respectively, arrears in full. G 72 DEPARTMENT OP LABOUR. Court Cases—Continued. Order and Name of Employer. Charge. Sentence and Remarks. (27.) Personal Service—Maison Henri, Ltd., 550 Granville Street, Vancouver ; Henri Gautschi, proprietor Paying less than minimum wage to three beauty-parlour operators One case argued in Police Court and fine of $25 imposed. No order made for payment of arrears. Appeal taken to County Court by accused, and appeal allowed. Taken to Court of Appeal by Minimum Wage Board and appeal allowed. PUBLIC HEARINGS. As the Board had received some requests from employers for reductions in the wages prescribed by its Orders, it was decided to give all concerned a chance to submit their views. With this object in mind, the Board arranged for a series of public meetings in May and June, the majority being held in Vancouver, which is the centre of employment for the Province. To accommodate those engaged in the fruit and vegetable industry the Board travelled to Penticton, spending two days there. Sessions were also held in Victoria. The meetings were convened to deal separately with occupations covered by the Orders, and were well advertised in advance throughout the Province, to give all interested a chance to be heard or submit written statements to the Board. A schedule of the hearings is set out below:— Occupation or Industry. Date of Meeting. Place of Meeting. Mercantile Manufacturing Office Telephone and telegraph Fruit and vegetable All occupations Public housekeeping Laundry and dyeing Personal service All occupations 1933. Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Monday, Thursday, Friday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Monday, May 17 May 18 May 19 May 20 May 22 May 25 May 26 June 5 June 6 June 7 June 12 Vancouver. Vancouver. Vancouver. Vancouver. Vancouver. Penticton. Penticton. Vancouver. Vancouver. Vancouver. Victoria. Sessions were held in the afternoon and evening on each of the above dates. The meetings were well attended by employers and representatives of labour and women's organizations, the latter of whom voiced the opinions and ideas of the employees, who, with few exceptions, preferred to send in their requests in writing rather than appear in person before the Board. At each and every session the Chairman intimated that the Board would treat in confidence any written memorials received by it, in this way aiming to protect employees in case they wished to place their views before the Board without feeling they might jeopardize their positions by appearing personally. A few groups and individuals accepted the invitation of the Chair to submit their requests in writing, but the bulk of evidence obtained came from the employing class and the organizations previously mentioned. Mercantile Industry.— (Wage for experienced employees, $12.75 a week.) The chief points covered in the discussions pertaining to the Mercantile Industry were:— (a.) Request by some employers to lower the wage. (&.) Recommendations to lengthen the training-period to four years. (c.) Inclusion of boys under the regulations. (d.) Short-time work. (a.) Under the first heading it was argued that if wages were lowered more persons could be employed. Opponents to this suggestion advocated maintaining or raising the present rates REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 73 to increase spending-power and so stimulate trade. They also pointed out that when the $12.75 rate was set for experienced workers it was really a compromise on what was supposed to be the lowest amount on which a prudent self-supporting woman could live. There was a tendency towards a rise in commodity costs at the time of the meetings, and for this reason the Board was urged to refrain from reducing an already low wage-rate. (6.) Those who favoured lengthening the training-period stated that a girl would have a better chance to retain her position if she did not have to be paid the rate for experienced employees until she had completed four years' training. Opposing this view, some one pointed out that one organization had considered asking that the training-period for girls over 18 be reduced from a year as at present allowed. The contention was that an employer should know in less time than that if a girl were going to be suitable for that particular branch of work. If he kept her a year and then decided she was in her wrong niche, he did her an injustice in using up that much of her life before he suggested her talents lay along other lines. (c.) It was felt by some present at the meeting that boys should he included in the provisions of the Act, for two reasons, namely: (1) To benefit from the protection of this legislation, and (2) to prevent replacement of women and girls by boys at lower rates than were required to be paid under the " Women's Minimum Wage Act" and Orders, as the question of remuneration for boys at the present time was one of arrangement between employer and employee and was not controlled by any Provincial Statute or Order. (It might be noted here that the 1934 Act covers this point and prohibits the employment of men and boys at rates less than those prescribed for women and girls, where the males are doing work that is usually done by women and girls, and the Board has power under the 1934 " Male Minimum Wage Act" to make Orders for males irrespective of existing Orders for women and girls.) (d.) The advantages and disadvantages of part-time employment were freely discussed. The Board was asked to assist in preventing employers requiring some of their help to come to work for an hour or two only in the morning, and perhaps again for a brief period in the afternoon. This worked a decided hardship on girls who lived so far out of town that car-fare was necessary and distances too great to allow them to return home for lunch. The time was so broken they could not obtain work at other places to augment their part-time wages. Manufacturing Industry.— (Wage for experienced employees, $14 a week.) Various groups of manufacturers appeared before the Board with written statements affecting their individual groups. The Secretary of the Canadian Manufacturers' Association, introducing the delegations, explained that the industry was highly competitive and was placed at a disadvantage on account of the fact that British Columbia's wage requirements were considerably higher than those in Eastern Canada. He stated that as the industry included so many diversified branches it could not be dealt with as a unit. Different groups of manufacturers, therefore, had arranged to present written statements dealing with their respective classes. The first to be submitted was on behalf of the silk-dress industry. This drew attention to the fact that the Orientals are gradually controlling this line of work, doing some of it in their private homes, where regulations regarding sanitation and licence fees do not apply. An urgent plea was made to lengthen the apprenticeship term to three periods of one year each, in order to give employees an opportunity of learning the business, as the tendency at the present is to dispense with apprentices and take on experienced help whenever possible. Another employer, representing the alteration departments in mercantile business, advocated starting apprentices under 18 years of age at $5 a week for the first six months, raising them $2 a week thereafter every six months, until they reached $13 during the fifth six-month period. For apprentices over 18 years it was recommended that their training-period be divided into four periods of six months each, at weekly wages of $7, $9, $11, and $13 for the respective periods. This employer did not wish the rate for experienced workers to be lowered, but believed it might be raised. The biscuit and confectionery group requested a reduction in the weekly wage to $10 a week, and stressed their competition from the East, where wages were lower than in British Columbia. To maintain the wage-levels required by law, they stated they had been forced to reduce the wages of their male employees, and they thought the women and girls should share in the reduc- G 74 . DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. tion as well. They also asked that the training-period of six months be increased to a year before a girl became entitled to the $14 rate. In support of their claim they submitted a cost-of-living budget which worked out at $10 a week. The macaroni-manufacturers also desired a reduction to $10 weekly for experienced workers, and a lengthening of the training-period to twelve months, instead of six as allowed by the Order. Their competition came from France and Italy, where, in some places, wages were as low as 50 cents a day. While they did not advocate coming down to that low standard, they thought the spread between this figure and $14 a week was too great. If they were allowed to pay the $10 rate they felt they could expand their business and take on more girls. The cotton dresses, smocks, and lingerie group presented its brief, asking for a reduction to $10 a week in order to compete with Eastern Canada and Orientals in British Columbia. They favoured starting beginners at a wage " much lower than $8 a week," and asked for tjie training-period to be two years instead of one. Bookbinders presented a brief, stressing that the learning-period was too short and that it should be made three years instead of eighteen months before a girl should be paid the $14 rate. They emphasized that theirs was a skilled trade requiring a comparatively long time to learn. In addition, the risk of spoilage was so great they could not afford to employ any but the most experienced help for the greater part of their operations. Girls are often let out before they complete their present eighteen months' training. Under existing conditions, they declared, no girls are receiving complete training in this line of work. When vacancies occur skilled workers who acquired their knowledge outside of the Province, or married women who have worked for them before marriage, are taken on. The group interested in the manufacture of wooden veneer boxes for the fruit industry presented its request to have the wage reduced to $10 a week, and a flat rate of $8 a week for three months as part of the learner's wage, the whole period to be extended to two years. Realizing the difficulty of dealing with Oriental competition, the employers hesitated to mention this increasingly alarming factor in their business, but they wished to bring it to the attention of the Board. Representatives of labour organizations opposed the reduction of wages, and asked that hours be shortened and wages raised, thus enabling more employees to be taken on to gradually reduce unemployment and improve working conditions. Speakers also condemned the piecework system. Office Occupation.— (Wage for experienced employees, $15 a week.) The Union of Stenographers, Typists, Book-keepers, and Assistants submitted a recommendation that the minimum wage for experienced office employees be raised from $65 a month to $75 a mouth. They asked that these rates be based on at least a maximum of forty hours per week, instead of forty-eight as permitted by the existing Order. Their primary object in shortening the working-week was to provide employment for more girls. They said that the principle of the forty-hour week was in conformity with the pronouncements of the International Labour Office at the League of Nations, and that a tendency towards the shorter week was already noticed in many industrial plants. There was no demand on the part of employers for a change in the regulations. Telephone and Telegraph Occupation.— (Wage for experienced employees, $15 a week.) When the telephone and telegraph occupation came up for consideration, neither employers nor employees appeared to present any reasons for changing the existing Orders. The Chairman explained that the Board has had very little trouble in this class of work, which is a well- established business in the hands of a few employers who seem to have it running under systematic management. They have always co-operated with the Board, and that apparently was the reason the meeting was not a large one. The Board felt, therefore, that conditions seemed to be so satisfactory no one saw the necessity of asking for changes in the Order. Fruit and Vegetable Industry.— (Minimum wage for experienced employees, 30 cents per hour, with 10 per cent, reduction from June to December.) In contrast to the few demands for a revision in the office occupation were the numerous requests for changes in the Order relating to the fruit And vegetable industry. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 75 As the preliminary sessions dealing with this occupation were held in Penticton, they enabled representatives from surrounding neighbourhoods, as well as local residents, to be present. It was gratifying to the Board that so many employees appeared at the meetings and gave their views. Employers from all parts of the Province were in attendance. The representation of certain packing and shipping houses in the Okanagan Valley submitted a written request that the hourly rate for experienced workers in the industry be reduced to 20 cents. Other employers stressed the Eastern competition, where wages were lower than in this Province, and the effect of the Doukhobor Community being in the jam business was a factor against which one employer had to contend. The women and girls argued that an hourly rate of 20 cents for a season of a few months was too low to live on when it had to be spread over the whole year, and their work was worth 30 cents an hour in their opinion. A very frank discussion touching on all phases of the industry took place, and from the standpoint of attendance and first-hand information from the women and girl workers the Penticton meetings were the most successful of the series. The Chairman put forth a special plea that overtime be reduced to a minimum in order to ensure the employment of as many workers as possible and to eliminate long hours that are very fatiguing. While an opportunity was given in Penticton to discuss the other Orders of the Board, comments eventually came back to the fruit and vegetable industry, which is the primary occupation in the valley. The percentage of workers in other classes of employment is comparatively small, and no representations for changes in the regulations were made to the meeting. When the hearings were resumed in Vancouver to deal with the fruit and vegetable industry the employers had engaged legal counsel to present their case. He presented evidence to the Board relating to the trend in cost prices since 1926 and to Eastern competition. He followed up these remarks by examining witnesses at length, the witnesses being employers in the industry. While the actual growing and picking of the products do not come within the scope of the Act, the view-points of certain persons actively engaged in that phase of the industry were given to the meeting, as they affected the industry as a whole. Problems of marketing, freight rates, and other overhead expenses other than labour were stressed by witnesses, but, naturally, these employers had to be told the Board was not responsible for, nor could it deal with, such factors. Had it not been for some of the women's organizations, whose members took up the cudgels on behalf of the employees, they would have been rather timid in presenting their side of the case to the meetings, after listening to the battle waged through legal counsel by their employers. Public Housekeeping Occupation.— (Minimum wage for experienced employees, $14 a week.) When the above-mentioned occupation came up for hearing a delegation of about fifteen women, who represented the Women's Labour League and Girls' Club, appeared before the Board. Instead of offering suggestions for the improvement of the regulations or expressing their approval of the Order as it stood, the group registered some personal grievances, specific and general, about working conditions during the depression and prior to that time. Criticism was levelled at the Board for apparently favouring the employers. Refutation of this charge was made by the Chairman, who quoted figures to show what help the Board gave to underpaid employees, and the efforts it had exerted for several years to keep the wage on a level that would assure a living wage to the employee, in face of periodic demands from employers for reductions. The appointment of additional Inspectors was urged to enable adequate investigations throughout the Province. Several speakers advocated bringing domestic workers within the jurisdiction of the Act, and told the meeting of the hardships in the way of low wages, poor accommodation, long hours, and humiliating treatment suffered by this class of help. Upon being informed that the Legislature was the only body that could amend the Act, one of the ladies present, on her own G 76 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. volition, drew up a letter to be submitted to the Government, pleading for the inclusion of domestics in the " Women's Minimum Wage Act." Signatures were obtained from several persons present at the meeting. Discussions ensued regarding the length of time necessary to become qualified in public housekeeping occupations, and the question of split and straight shifts in restaurants, meal-hour problems, the quality of meals, and tips, all came in for their share of comment. No employers appeared to state their case. Laundry, Cleaning and Dyeing Industry.— (Minimum wage for experienced employees, $13.50 a week.) During the sessions devoted to this industry the Board had the gratification of listening to a most representative group of employers, who went on record as being satisfied with the rates set in the Order, and, in spite of the fact that business had slumped, none of the speakers suggested a lowering of wages. Their testimony disclosed the competition they encountered from Oriental concerns and establishments operating cut-rate places. One of the employers was emphatic in requesting more rigorous methods in dealing with offenders who were convicted more than once for violation of the law. He suggested increased fines, publication of the trade-name of violators of the law, and, in addition, suspension of their trade licences. Personal Service Occupation.— (Minimum wage for experienced employees, $14.25 a week.) The information brought out at the sessions dealing with the personal service occupation revolved largely around the status of employees who were trained in bona-fide beauty-parlours, or who paid for their tuition in so-called " schools." Advocates of the two methods of teaching expressed widely divergent views. It was evident that the " Hairdressers Act" had not solved all the problems that arose in this occupation. Proprietors of beauty-parlours stated they were anxious to help some of the unemployed girls obtain positions, but on account of the rate prescribed by the Order were powerless to do so. They requested a minimum wage of $10 a week, plus 50 per cent, of all that they doubled. For apprentices it was recommended that for the first three months the girl would be under tuition and receive no pay. At the end of that time she might he worth $5 a week and gradually work up to the minimum in a year. Other employers thought a two-year training-period necessary. Under the " Hairdressers Act " a girl may sit for examination any time she wishes. Examinations are held four times a year. When a girl passes all the theoretical and practical tests she receives her diploma and is allowed to go to work. If she fails she has to come back again for examination. The Board was told that trade had fallen off to a tremendous extent recently and the parlours did not have sufficient business to warrant many girls being kept at the $14.25 rate. They therefore wished the wage reduced to $10, in the hopes that they would be able to give more girls work and keep their businesses running smoothly. It was suggested by one of the speakers that perhaps too many girls had been trained in the schools and the proper ratio of supply and demand for employees had been upset. The speaker acknowledged the temptation to take in girls as students at $25, $50, or $100 tuition fees was very real, and they had been unable to regulate the matter by the " Hairdressers Act." It was admitted by another employer that too many operators were being thrown on the market. The proper course to pursue in training beauty-parlour operators, one employer suggested, was to indenture them as apprentices. The drop in price for services for various lines of beauty-work was dealt with at length. The custom of paying employees on a commission basis was fully discussed, but it was made clear to the listeners that commission earnings must reach the figures prescribed by the Order or be made up to the required amount by employers. As the meetings dealing with the personal service occupation concluded the series in Vancouver, the Board was tendered a vote of thanks for having convened the hearings, at which much information had been given to employers, employees, and the general public. The Chairman, in expressing the Board's appreciation for the tribute by the audience, took the opportunity of publicly thanking those who had attended the sessions and supplied information. He felt the meetings had created a spirit of understanding that was most desirable, and gave his REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 77 hearers the assurance that the Board would assess carefully the evidence submitted before any action was taken to change the existing Orders. He reminded those present (as he had done at all the previous meetings) that they could still put in additional data in writing if they so desired, and in cases where the correspondents wished their identity held in confidence by the Board their wishes would be respected. General Inquiry.—At the sessions held in Victoria, which were arranged to hear evidence on any of the nine occupations covered by Orders of the Board, the major portion of the time was taken up with the Fruit and Vegetable Industry. The Vancouver Island employers and employees presented data along somewhat similar lines to those in Vancouver and Penticton, regarding competition from the East and high production costs. Loganberries presented the chief difficulties on the Island, and an abundance of figures was submitted by canners and growers and a few employees. They all pleaded for a temporary reduction in the wages in order to enable them to continue working. Hourly rates of 25 cents and 20 cents for experienced and inexperienced workers were mentioned as being satisfactory, and the Board was urged to come to a decision as soon as possible so that employers could figure their costs before orders were obtained. No evidence was presented relative to changing the Mercantile Order, but certain employers in the Laundry Industry expressed themselves as being quite in accord with the present Order. The Public Housekeeping, Office, Personal Service, and Telephone and Telegraph -Orders were summarized by the Chairman, but no one voiced any desire to alter any of them. When the Manufacturing Industry was reached on the list a plea for.a lengthening of the training-period in the garment-manufacturing branch (overalls, shirts, etc.) from one year to eighteen months was made, to be accompanied by a reasonably lower weekly wage. It developed later that the firm that wanted the change had not employed learners for several years, but their experienced employees had all been retained during the slack business period by being put on short time. A biscuit-manufacturer was in attendance, but as he had signed the brief presented by his group at Vancouver he did not wish to add anything further verbally. When no other evidence was forthcoming the public hearings were declared adjourned. FINDINGS. The Board immediately convened at the close of the evening's public session, and dealt with the Fruit and Vegetable Order, as the industry it governed appeared to be in urgent need of help. As a result of its deliberations an Emergency Order was made, whereby a reduction of 10 per cent, in the rate prescribed for experienced workers by Order No. 17 became effective from June 15th, 1933, to December 31st, 1933. A summary of said Order No. 17 appears in the Appendix to this report. The text of the Emergency Order is as follows:— Order No. 17b (Emergency). RELATING TO FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY. Effective June 15th, 1933, to December 31st, 1933. . Whereas on the 3rd day of September, 1926, an obligatory Order was issued by the Minimum Wage Board relating to the fruit and vegetable industry under the provisions of the " Minimum Wage Act," being chapter 173 of the " Revised Statutes of British Columbia, 1924," by paragraphs 2 and 3 of which Order a minimum wage in respect of the said industry was fixed for experienced female employees therein : And whereas the said Order became effective in sixty days from the date thereof, and has since been continuously in force, subject during the period from the 15th day of June, 1932, to the 15th day of November, 1932, to the provisions of Emergency Order No. 17a, dated the 14th day of June, 1932: And whereas the Board, under the provisions of section 6 of the said Act, has held public meetings in Penticton on the 25th and 26th days of May, 1933; at Vancouver on the 27th day of May, 1933; and at Victoria on the 12th day of June, 1933, at which employers and employees in the said fruit and vegetable industry and the general public were heard : And whereas, in the exercise of the discretion vested in it by the said Act, without reconvening or calling any conference, the Board has reopened the question respecting the minimum wage so fixed by the said Order, and has considered the question: Now the Board doth order, in amendment of the said Order of the 3rd day of September, 1926, that for the period from the 15th day of June, 1933, to the 31st day of December, 1933, both dates G 78 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. inclusive, the minimum wage fixed by the said Order for experienced female employees in the fruit and vegetables industry (including the respective rates per hour or per piece fixed in respect thereof) shall be reduced by the deduction therefrom of ten per centum of the amount thereof; and that except to the extent and for the period herein provided the said Order of the 3rd day of September, 1926, shall continue in full force and effect as if this Order had not been made. Dated the 14th day of June, 1933. Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill, Herbert Geddes, Members of the Minimum Wage Board. Each employer shall post, and keep posted, a copy of this Order in each room in which employees affected by the Order are employed. (Early in 1934 the Board of Industrial Relations promulgated Order No. 3, dealing with the Fruit and Vegetable Industry, and later issued Order No. 3a (Emergency) to take care of contingencies that arose subsequent to the issuance of Order No. 3. Summaries of these Orders, which are in force during 1934, appear in the Appendix to this Report.) The Board subsequently weighed all the other evidence, and after careful study and deliberation concluded the time was not propitious to make changes in the other Orders. STATISTICAL SECTION. As a gauge to business conditions, nothing is quite so graphic as comparative figures pertinent to wages and hours of labour. Since the Board started to compile statistics in 1918 British Columbia has passed through normal, prosperous, and depressed periods. When the report was written for 1932 it was hoped the 1933 record would depict brighter conditions, but from actual figures sent in by employers this year's story is still somewhat unpromising. Pay-roll returns were received from 3,152 employers, whose staffs totalled 17,895 women and girl employees. While the number of employers reporting is thirty-two less than in 1932, there were only eight less employees, so some establishments must have had more workers on their pay-rolls than during the previous year, and this is one bright aspect of a situation that in most other respects is rather discouraging. We have always aimed to keep our tables as simple as possible, and in presenting statistics covering working conditions in the nine occupations governed by our Orders we follow the form used for several years. It lends itself to a handy comparison, and for this reason alone commends itself to busy readers. Mercantile Industry. 1933. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under IS years Percentage of employees under 18 years.. Average hours worked per week 379 3,930 3,604 326 $46,074.00 $2,622.50 $12.78 $7.12 8.30% 41.03 1932. 402 3,810 3,436 374 $45,984.50 $3,169.00 $13.38 $8.47 9.82% 42.30 1931. 1930. 374 3,813 3,398 415 $48,293.00 '$3,738.50 $14.20 $9.07 10.88% 43.58 435 4,223 3,670 553 $54,384.13 $5,177.00 $14.82 $9.36 13.09% 44.05 1929. 458 4,314 3,723 591 $56,065.22 $5,367.50 $15.06 $9.08 13.70% 43.16 A study of the above figures will reveal that, while there were 23 firms less from whom the Board received returns, they employed 120 more workers than were reported for 1932. To cope with slack business conditions mercantile establishments have put their staffs on shorter hours, with a corresponding decrease in wages. The weekly average wage for salesladies over 18 years of age worked out at just 3 cents over the $12.75 set by the Order for a 48-hour week. It will be noted, however, the average hours were considerably below 48, standing as they did at 41.03. So, taking both factors into consideration, the wage is still appreciably in advance of that set by law. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 79 Laundry Industry. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week 65 846 785 61 18,964.00 $470.00 $11.42 $7.70 7.21% 37.92 62 864 818 46 $9,979.00 $351.00 $12.20 $7.63 5.32% 39.49 52 991 924 67 $12,721.50 $635.00 $13.76 $9.48 6.76% 42.87 64 1,114 991 123 $14,451.00 $1,181.00 $14.58 $9.60 11.04% 45.24 70 1,203 1,056 147 $15,420.50 $1,444.50 $14.60 $9.83 12.22% 45.30 In this occupation the reverse of what occurred in the mercantile industry took place. Three more firms reported than in 1932, but there were 18 less employees. The average weekly hours have been falling steadily for a number of years, until in 1933 we reach the extremely low figure of 37.92. While this shore-time work may not be as desirable as a longer working-week in these abnormal times, the employees are probably better pleased to be allowed to earn the correspondingly lower wages than for some of them to be laid off altogether. When conditions warrant, it is hoped that firms may be able to offer full-time employment to their workers. There was a slight increase in the percentage of employees under 18 years of age, and in this respect also the laundry industry differs from the mercantile. Public Housekeeping Occupation. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years. Average hours worked per week 352 1,895 1,797 $24,763.00 $901.50 $13.78 $9.20 5.17% 42.30 361 1,871 1,830 41 !6,448.00 $504.00 $14.45 $12.29 2.19% 43.26 I - 375 2,206 2,152 54 $34,079.50 $455.00 $15.72 $11.67 2.45% 45.46 394 2,456 2,345 111 $36,582.50 $1,538.00 $15.60 $13.86 4.52% 44.90 431 2,608 2,496 112 $41,291.00 $1,565.50 $16.54 $13.98 4.29% 45.61 It will be noted that 24 more employees were reported in 1933 than in 1932. These 1,895 workers were on the pay-rolls of 9 less firms than sent in returns for 1932. There is a decrease of 67 cents in the average week for employees over 18 years of age, but the average working- hours also dropped from 43.26 to 42.3 per week. This occupation has always been the most difficult to deal with from an administrative angle, as the question of allowances for meals, and room, and the time consumed in eating meals are apt to be matters of dispute. Out of 27 Court cases, 16 were laid under this particular Order. G 80 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Office Occupation. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over IS years Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week 1,S10 4,708 4,660 48 $80,947.00 $484.50 $17.37 $10.09 1.02% 38.95 1,772 4,614 4,575 39 $83,938.50 $408.00 $18.35 $10.46 0.85% 41.18 1,771 4,696 4,611 85 S8.346.50 $966.50 $19.15 $11.73 1.31% 41.48 1,935 5,187 5,029 158 $102,354.05 $2,050.00 $20.35 $12.97 3.05% 42.02 1,985 5,259 5,077 182 $104,340.19 $2,322.00 $20.55 $12.75 3.46% 42.02 A gain in both number of firms reporting and employees reported is revealed in this year's figures relating to the above-mentioned occupation—38 more employers and 94 additional workers. The average wage in the office occupation has always held well above the $15 weekly minimum for experienced workers. While the 1933 average of $17.37 is lower than in former years, it is still $2.37 over the legal minimum, which is really based on a 48-hour week. For a week of 38.95 hours the wage could be calculated on an hourly basis at $12.17, which means that the year's average is $5.20 in advance of what the law demands. A very low percentage of girls under 18 is found in this occupation. Personal Service Occupation. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over IS years. Under 18 years Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years Average hours worked per week 90 305 298 7 $4,319.00 $48.00 $14.49 $6.86 2.30% 38.93 122 393 380 13 $5,302.00 $100.00 $13.95 $7.69 3.31% 36.82 111 361 347 20 $5,190.50 $219.50 $15.22 $10.97 5.54% 40.72 110 391 349 42 $5,829.85 $396.00 $16.70 $9.43 10.74% 39.34 106 371 338 33 $5,885.00 $270.00 $17.41 $8.18 8.89% 40.28 A big drop in the number of firms from whom the Board received reports is noticed in this classification, with a corresponding decrease in the total of employees for 1933. This occupation, however, reveals an increase in the average wage for women over 18 years as compared with the 1932 figures, the rise being from $13.95 to $14.49 a week. As theatre ushers are included in this group, much broken time is the rule, and the hours are usually short, although there was an increase in the length of the working-week in 1933 as compared with that in force during the previous year. REPORT DF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 81 Fishing Industry. 1933. [ 1932. 1 1931. 1 1 1930. 1929. 6 15 10 5 $164.00 $50.50 $16.40 $10.10 33.33% 51.60 1 1 2 3 71 67 4 $1,473.50 $55.00 $21.99 $13.75 5.63% 57.68 8 55 48 7 $592.00 $42.00 $12.33 $6.00 12.73% 45.64 98 96 2 $1,351.50 $24.00 $14.08 $12.00 2.09% 23.48 22 Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees 22 $498.75 Average weekly wages— Experienced employees $22.67 Percentage of inexperienced employees 50.18 As women engaged in canning fish are explicitly excluded from the scope of the Order, this industry does not include very many employees protected by the regulations. Those reported on for 1933 showed a substantial increase in average wages, the figures for experienced employees standing at $10.40 per week and at $10.10 for the unskilled employee. Telephone and Telegraph Occupation. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting 104 1,601 1,536 65 $22,622.00 $606.50 $14.73 $9.33 4.06% 38.42 112 1,646 1,628 18 $28,013.00 $139.00 $17.21 $7.72 1.09% 39.77 112 1,806 1,789 17 $32,770.00 $133.50 $18.32 $7.85 0.94% 39.90 154 2,028 1,871 157 $34,057.42 $1,671.50 $18.20 $10.65 7.74% 41.02 142 2,023 1,781 242 Total weekly wages— $32,418.50 $2,719.00 $18.20 $11.24 11.96% 40.94 Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week Besides the commercial companies supplying telephone and telegraph service, the firms who kept operators at private switchboards are counted in the total of employers reporting. A drop in average weekly wages for experienced operators rather out of proportion to the reduction in working-hours was discovered when the tabulations were completed. The average of $14.73 per week is very much lower than averages of former years. There was an increase, however, from $7.72 to $9.33 in the wages for inexperienced girls. Manufacturing Industry. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. 284 2,123 1,745 378 $25,627.50 $3,145.00 $14.68 $8.32 17.80% 41.92 290 2,188 1,838 350 $26,036.50 $3,340.00 $14.17 $9.54 16.00% 41.23 274 2,308 2,045 263 $31,610.00 $2,540.00 $15.45 $9.66 11.39% 38.07 310 2,507 2,076 431 $34,082.60 $4,455.50 $16.42 $10.34 17.19% 44.48 351 2,760 Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wages— 2,243 517 $37,550.80 $5,216.00 $16.74 $10.09 18.73% 44.90 Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 6 G 82 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. It is gratifying to note a slight increase in weekly wages for experienced employees in the manufacturing industry. In 1932 the wage worked out at $14.17 weekly, but for the year under review it appears at $14.68. This is higher in proportion than the increase in weekly hours. The 41.92-hour week is still considerably below that permitted in the industry—namely, 48 hours. Fruit and Vegetable Industry. 1933. 1932. 1931. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Experienced Inexperienced Total weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees Average hours worked per week 62 2,472 2,009 463 $31,116.00 $4,635.50 $15.49 $10.01 18.73% 48.33 62 41 Time. 2,360 1,807 553 $27,873.00 $4,702.50 $15.43 $8.50 Piece. 102 76 26 $1,119.50 $178.50 $14.73 $6.87 23.52% 46.58 Time. 1,705 1,559 146 $28,028.00 $1,956.50 $17.98 $13.47 Piece. 170 164 6 $3,006.00 $71.00 $18.33 $11.83 8.11% 45.08 The returns received for the 1933 season were in such form that we were enabled to amalgamate all the figures. In other years some firms omitted to report the hours their pieceworkers put in. But we are glad to state that the pay-roll information was in better shape than for many years, so our table is not so complicated. AVith the number of firms being identically the same as in 1932, there were exactly 100 more workers reported. The averages for both experienced and inexperienced employees showed gains over the previous years. While the 1932 and 1933 averages seem so much lower than those in 1931, it must be borne in mind the Board put in Emergency Orders allowing a reduction of 10 per cent, for the women and girls classed as experienced, and this would naturally result in lower averages. Almost 5 per cent, fewer employees than in 1932 were paid at the inexperienced rate, as many employers are not bothering to make the distinction and put all their women and girl workers on an even basis. Summary of all Occupations. 1933. 1932. 1931. 1930. 1929. Number of firms reporting Total number of employees Over 18 years, or experienced Under 18 years, or inexperienced Total weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years, or experienced Employees under 18 years, or inexperienced Percentage of employees under 18 years, or inexperienced Average hours worked per week 3,152 17,895 16,444 1,451 S244,596.50 $12,964.00 $14.87 $8.93 8.11% 41.33 $12 3,184 17,903 16,436 1,467 i,286.00 934.00 $15.53 $8.82 8.19% 42.07 3,112 18,154 17,079 1,075 $285,396.50 $10,739.50 $16.71 $9.99 5.92% 43.03 3,456 20,461 18,450 2,011 $320,517.66 $21,266.00 $17.37 $1.0.57 9.83% 43.95 3,602 20,766 18,390 2,376 $324,376.19 $24,757.00 $17.64 $10.42 11.44% 43.87 A weekly average pay-roll of $244,596.50 for women and girls over 18 and experienced, and a weekly average pay-roll of $12,964 for the younger and less skilled class, make a total of $257,560.50, a figure to be reckoned with in the business and industrial world. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 83 In the Province of British Columbia, with a population at the last census in 1931 of roughly 700,000 persons, women and girls to the number of 17,895 are a factor to be reckoned with. This total does not represent all who are gainfully employed, for the reader should remember that the Act exempts farm-labourers, fruit-pickers, and domestic workers from its scope. These three classes, with bank employees and Federal workers, are not included in the figures. The tables were compiled from returns sent in by employers for the week of greatest employment during 1933. The lowest legal wage for women over 18 in the nine occupations is $12.75, which is set for the mercantile classification. The average for all women over 18 or experienced figured out at $14.87, while the inexperienced younger girls' average was found to be $8.93. Taking all occupations together, the percentage of lower-paid help is slightly less than in 1932. Average hours are also low. The working-week for every one reported averaged 41.33 hours. * Forty-eight hours a week. The above table is a conclusive refutation of the oft-quoted statement that a minimum wage tends to become the maximum in the industry or occupation for which it is set. A study of the figures shows that 4,185 or 23.38 per cent, were listed as receiving the actual minimum wage set for experienced workers in the various groups. It is encouraging to realize that 7,204 or over 40 per cent, of all women and girls reported were paid more than the amount prescribed by the regulations. This is ample proof that the minimum has not become the maximum wage, neither has it become the standard. Studying the table by callings, the telephone and telegraph stands out with the greatest number receiving the higher salaries. Over 62 per cent, in this line of work were drawing pay- cheques in advance of what the order requires. Office-work was second on the list, showing employment of a nature that is well paid in comparison with the other lines of women's work. The figures reveal that the fruit and vegetable industry comes third, but it must not be forgotten that, while those engaged to look after the perishable products and prepare them for market in jam-factories, canneries, and packing-houses may earn fairly high wages, their season is extremely short. During the time the fruit-crop is available they work long hours and their duties are highly intensive while they last. Their earnings for a few months are often all they have to spread over the whole year, so the apparent advantage of appearing third on the list of high wages is a nominal one only. We turn towards the last columns and find the figures include employees under 18 years of age, those over 18 who are inexperienced in their respective positions, and women and girls who are working short time. For the first two classes lower rates are set in the Orders, and in the case of those working broken time their wages are calculated pro rata on an hourly basis. Since employers have been faced with very real problems caused by general abnormal conditions in the realms of trade and commerce, many employees have been placed on a part-time basis. The table shows, that from the employees' standpoint this has become particularly serious in the laundry industry, where over 82 per cent, of the women and girls were receiving less than the $13.50 rate. As conditions improve, the Board hopes that employers will endeavour to provide full-time work for their staffs. Employees have appreciated being retained on the pay-rolls for intermittent work, but such employment cannot ensure a living wage to these part-time workers. The inevitable result is that some one else has to supplement their earnings. The other side of the picture should not be overlooked. The wage-earners are the buyers, curtailed wages mean diminished purchasing-power, and sluggish trade is the natural consequence arising from depleted pay-envelopes. AVe would be pleased, therefore, to know that managers and other executives are turning their thoughts towards eliminating short-time employment wherever possible. \Are do not wish employers to feel that their efforts to retain as many on their pay-rolls as they can are not appreciated, for they are. Their co-operation in making the next step towards ultimate recovery of good times is not only urged, but the Board has faith that this can and will be done. Employers who have had the courage and ability to continue in business during these past few years undoubtedly have the intellectual capacity and ambition to bring their affairs up to their former flourishing standards. Table showing Labour Turnover in each Group—Number of Employees in Continuous Service of Employer reporting. Name of Industry. 2 'o m o f5 u a cj N rH OJ T3 P to 3 at tH 04 o rH to r-l a Oi (H CO o to u cl CJ rH rH O CO to u ci 0J H IO o H-l rH to u a eo o to sj CJ !H o CD to a CJ CC o tr to ■~. a CJ X OS 0 CC to d o rH O 03 o u o u a CJ i* CD O CJ . ill IIS r^l£ th ■ (H Oft m2 CJ " 5 a si ZSh Mercantile 104 1,501 363 333 301 353 254 172 144 104 52 249 3,930 379 Laundry 33 99 59 82 113 101 69 68 38 27 23 74 846 65 105 590 230 197 202 160 123 79 49 38 20 102 1,895 352 Office 106 705 360 383 492 576 424 323 276 194 142 727 4,708 1,810 Personal service 33 62 64 30 31 18 24 17 8 10 3 5 305 90 Fishing 15 15 6 Telephone and telegraph.. 4 147 36 67 188 285 236 91 116 108 81 242 1,601 104 Manufacturing 235 552 150 200 238 198 157 95 68 53 28 149 2,123 284 749 815 228 162 203 123 66 42 46 17 6 15 2,472 62 Totals 1,369 4,486 1,490 1,454 1,768 1,874 1,353 887 745 551 355 1,503 17,895 3,152 A word or two of explanation should suffice in connection with the above table. One reason for the apparently large number of mercantile employees being on the staffs for less than one year is that the returns are made up for the week of greatest employment. Obviously the Christmas season is the one recorded, and at that time of year the stores have an augmented body of assistants to handle the extra trade. These additional hands are not regular employees, and the firm rightly reports them as being on the pay-roll for less than twelve months. It will be noticed, however, that many girls remain in this line of work for two, three, four, and five years, after which time the figures drop until the column containing the long-service period— ten years or over—is reached. There is an appreciable percentage shown for this lengthy service. The office occupation ranks first for being able to retain its workers in largest numbers for long periods. The two occupations relating to seasonal activities—namely, (1) the fishing industry, and (2) the fruit and vegetable industry—must always be looked at in a different light than the others dealt with by the Board, and if it were practical and possible to spread their operations over a whole year the figures in the above table would be distributed otherwise than at present. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 85 Girls in hotel, restaurants, and cafes, coming under the public housekeeping order, have usually in normal times been able to move from place to place and obtain employment fairly readily. Recently, with workers in other lines, they have been more reluctant to give up a sure position for the sake of a change of environment and the chance of being unable to find a place in the new field. In 1932 there were 1,310 employees with a service record of ten years or over. This year the figure has risen to 1,563. The surplus of persons wanting positions over the number of posts available has had a steadying effect on the labour turnover throughout the Province. Table relating to Marital Status. Name of Industry. Married. Widowed. Single, Total. Mercantile Laundry 537 226 547 460 80 4 134 427 1,114 143 48 165 134 10 21 73 57 3,250 572 1,183 4,114 215 11 1,446 1,623 1,301 3,930 846 1,895 Office 4,708 305 15 Telephone and telegraph Manufacturing Fruit and vegetable 1,601 2,123 2,472 Totals 3,529 19.72% 651 3.64% 13,715 76.64% 17,895 100% Merely to mention the topic of married women earning their living in the business world is certain to provoke a lively argument. So many people resent the right of such persons to draw salaries, without ever inquiring into the many phases that enter into the question. The first statement is sure to be that she is keeping some one else out of a job. In many instances the critics do not know that a trained married woman is often earning her living and at the same time paying another woman to act as housekeeper in her home. Should the married woman be forced to relinquish her position and remain at home the houseworker would be without her wages. The Board is sometimes asked why a certain employer is allowed to have married women on his pay-roll. The answer is that the Board has no power to force any employer to dismiss such workers and replace them with unmarried employees. Most employers are alive to this oft-times unjust criticism of their policy of employing married women, and if the matter were probed it would be found that in almost every case valid reasons exist for their being on the pay-roll. Husbands and sons being out of work, or earning wages too small to keep the whole family in comfort, are contributory factors to the necessity for married women being active wage-earners. Without further comment on this contentious subject, it should be realized that the percentage of married women holding positions in British Columbia to-day is not rapidly increasing, as many people believe. The figures portraying the proportion of married, widowed, and single women gainfully employed for the past four or five years have remained almost the same. Obligations of the women are very real to-day, and men are by no means the only ones who have dependents to support. This is less generally admitted than it should be, but women workers are rightly entitled to be treated more on a footing with men than they were years ago, whether these same women be married, widowed, or single. COPING WITH PRESENT CONDITIONS. An analysis of returns received by the Board shows that employees are still experiencing wage decreases in one way or another, and staffs are still being reduced in numbers. From our forms it was learned that, while one employer might put in a wage cut, another would place his staff on short time, and still another would dispense with the services of one or more G 86 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. employees. Some firms resorted to two of these methods to reduce overhead, and in quite a number of cases all three expedients were resorted to. But in comparing results with 1932 it is pleasing to note that there were about only half as many firms who laid off employees during 1933, and the total number of women and girls who were let out was 526, as against 1,478 the previous year. Wage cuts were reported by 305 employers, as against 541 in 1932, but to brighten the picture 11 cases were noted of firms showing either additions to their staffs or increases in wages paid to employees. Speaking of reductions, it must be remembered that the Emergency Fruit and Vegetable Order allowed a 10-per-cent. decrease in the wages for experienced employees, and figures for this seasonal industry have not been included in the details noted in the preceding paragraph. During 1933 there were 1,483 women and girls affected by wage cuts (exclusive of those in the fruit industry), as against 2,548 in 1932. Without wishing to leave too dark an impression in the minds of our readers, we must, in fairness, add that many individual employers and firms recorded no adverse changes in working conditions. The percentages of wage decreases ranged all the way from 2-per-cent. reductions to as high as 50 per cent., 5 employees suffering the latter cut; 710 women and girls had their pay reduced by 5 per cent, and 362 had to take 10-per-cent. cuts; 20-per-cent. reductions were experienced by 73 workers. The remaining decreases were spread in smaller groups from 11 at 2 per cent, to the 5 whose salaries were cut exactly in half. Office-workers to the number of 720 had curtailed cheques, and the mercantile industry accounted for 615 employees whose wages were reduced in 1933. These reductions would have been more general had it not been for the steadying effect of the minimum-wage regulations. In establishments where a general percentage cut was ordered it could not apply in cases where it would have brought the wage below the Board's prescribed figures. AVAGE TREND, 1918, 193.1, 1932, 1933. The following table depicts the trend of wages in non-seasonal occupations from 1931 to 1933, and enables a comparison to be made with rates prevailing in 1918, the first year during which minimum-wage legislation was in force. Owing to recent abnormal and singular conditions it will be noted that the current figures more nearly approach those of 1918 than ever before. The reader is asked, while studying the table, to bear in mind that shorter hours were the general rule in 1933, and this fact has a distinct bearing on the wage question. Mercantile Industry. 1918. 1931. 1932. 1933. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years $12.71 $7.70 15.49% $14.20 $9.07 10.88% $13.38 $8.47 9.82% $12.78 $7.12 8.32% Percentage of employees under 18 years Laundry Industry'. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years. $11.42 $7.70 7.21% Public Housekeeping Occupation. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years $14.23 $11.77 5.51% $15.72 $11.67 2.45% $14.45 $12.20 2.19% $13.78 $9.20 5.17% REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 87 Office Occupation. 1918. 1931. 1932. 1933. Average weekly wages— $16.53 $10.88 7.45% $19.15 $11.73 1.81% $18.35 $10.46 0.85% $17.37 $10.09 1.02% Personal Service Occupation. Average weekly wages— Employees over 18 years Employees under 18 years Percentage of employees under 18 years $14.49 $6.86 2.30% Telephone and Telegraph Occupation, Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees $14.73 $9.33 4.06% Manufacturing Industry. Average weekly wages— Experienced employees Inexperienced employees Percentage of inexperienced employees $14.68 $8.32 17.80% MINIMUM-AVAGE LEGISLATION. All Provinces of Canada, with the exception of Prince Edward Island, have minimum-wage laws on the statute-books, although the New Brunswick Act is still inoperative. British Columbia has always been most progressive in its policy of labour legislation. It was in 1918 that the original " Minimum Wage Act" was passed, and since then amendments have been made, and finally the 1934 " Female Minimum Wage Act" became law. The Canadian Provinces provided the machinery for protection of their women workers, and freed employers from unfair competition within their own boundaries, by passage of Minimum AA7age Acts at the times mentioned below:— British Columbia 1918 Manitoba 1918 Saskatchewan 1919 Quebec 1919 Alberta 1920 Ontario 1920 Nova Scotia 1920 New Brunswick 1930 The wages vary throughout Canada, and while some efforts were made a few years ago to co-ordinate rates this has not been accomplished yet. In such unsettled times as we have been experiencing lately almost every country has been trying to improve the status of the worker. Our neighbours to the south have been very active in adopting measures to help women workers. The " News Letter " of the Women's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor at Washington, D.C., outlines the situation in part as follows:— G 88 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. " At the beginning of the year minimum-wage legislation was passed in seven States, the first impetus that had been given to such legislation for a decade. The latter half of the year has seen the development of a concerted effort to secure shorter hours, greater wage stability, and increased employment through the National Recovery Act industrial codes. . . . " From 1912 to 1923 fifteen States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico passed legis- tion enabling the fixing of a minimum wage for women's employment. Six of these laws have remained in active operation in respect to women in certain employments. During 1933 seven States enacted such a law. Several others are seeking to follow a similar course. The seven States are Connecticut, Illinois, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Utah. The new Acts . . . contain a preamble carefully prepared to withstand the pitfalls of the unconstitutionality of certain of the earlier Acts." (It was in 1923 that the Washington, DC, Act was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States, and following this judgment the laws in many of the States became practically inoperative.) " Another development in minimum-wage practice during the year was the consummation of a tri-State agreement in AVashington, Oregon, and California, upon a wage for workers in the canning industry. This was fixed at 27% cents an hour, with piece-rates to reach this amount for at least 35 per cent, of all women of 18 years or over." The rate for experienced workers in British Columbia is 27 cents per hour in the fruit industry at the present time, so the three Pacific States and our own Province agree fairly well in this respect. The more uniform rates are in adjacent localities the easier administration becomes. ADMINISTRATION. AA7ith a limited staff of officials the burden of administering the Act and Orders has been heavy during 1933, when, owing to general business conditions, a certain element in the employing class seemed to devote more energy towards evading the regulations than in the direction of efficient management to comply with the law. AVhen adjustments are made by the payment of arrears to employees, the Board wonders why the employer could not have conformed with the provisions of the Orders voluntarily, instead of putting all concerned to the trouble of many interviews and negotiations before ultimately meeting the obligations. The Inspectors have gone through a very trying twelve months, and, regrettable as it may seem, some unpleasant contacts have been made and must be mentioned in passing. To the majority of employers, who have, in many cases, at considerable effort, faithfully obeyed not only the letter but also the spirit of the law, the Board expresses its sincere appreciation. Thanks are also due to employees who have given helpful information to our staff, and where it was necessary to resort to Court action to enforce compliance they have acquitted themselves with credit. Many persons, who could be classified neither as employer nor employee, eager to see the law respected, have helped the Board in many ways to carry out its important and difficult duties. To all of these we extend our sincere thanks, and trust that we may continue to count on their whole-hearted co-operation as the scope of our work broadens out with the gradual return to prosperity and an ever-increasing number of women and girls on the pay-rolls of the Province. While our duties are laid down by the Act, from which we cannot deviate, our efforts to assist employer and employee will not relax, our aim being at all times to administer the law with a tolerant understanding. We have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servants, Adam Bell, Chairman. Helen Gregory MacGill. Herbert Geddes. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 89 APPENDIX. SUMMARY OF ORDERS. For convenient reference a summary of the Orders now in force is herewith appended :- MERCANTILE INDUSTRY. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Tears of Age or over. $12.75. Hourly rate, 26 Vie cents. $7.50 for 1st 3 months. $9.00 for 1st 3 months. 8.00 , 2nd 3 10.00 „ 2nd 3 8.50 , 3rd 3 11.00 „ 3rd 3 9.00 , 4th 3 12.00 „ 4th 3 9.50 , 5th 3 10.00 , 6th 3 Licences required in this 10.50 , 7th 3 class. 11.00 , 8th 3 Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Maximum working-period 48 hours. Order has been in force since January 1st, 1928, superseding Order of February 24th, 1919. LAUNDRY, CLEANING, AND DYEING INDUSTRIES. Weekly Minimum Wage. Inexperienced Workers. Experienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $13.50. Hourly rate, 28% cents. $8.00 for 1st 4 months. 8.50 „ 2nd 4 9.00 „ 3rd 4 10.00 „ 4th 4 11.00 „ 5th 4 12.00 „ 6th 4 $9.00 for 1st 4 months. 10.50 „ 2nd 4 12.00 „ 3rd 4 Licences required in this class. Above rates are based on a 48-hour week. Maximum working-period 48 hours, governed by " Factories Act." Order has been in force since March 31st, 1919. PUBLIC HOUSEKEEPING OCCUPATION. This includes the work of waitresses, attendants, housekeepers, cooks, and kitchen help in restaurants, hotels, tea-rooms, ice-cream parlours, light-lunch stands, and other places where food is cooked, prepared, and served for which a charge is made; and the work of chambermaids in hotels, lodging- houses, and apartments where lodging is furnished, whether or not such establishments are operated independently or in connection with any other business; and the work of all female elevator operators and jauitresses. G 90 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $14. Hourly rate, 29% cents. $12.00 $12 for 1st 3 months. Licences required in this class. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. In emergency cases 52 hours may be worked. Time and one-half shall be paid for work in excess of 48 hours and up to 52 hours. When lodging is furnished, not more than $3 a week may be deducted for such lodging. When board or meals are furnished, not more than $5.25 may be deducted for a full week's board of 21 meals. A fraction of a week's board shall be computed upon a proportional basis. As elevator operators are required by law to pass an examination before running elevators, no apprenticeship is permitted under the Minimum Wage Order. Order has been in force since May 24th, 1934, superseding Order of August 16th, 1919. OFFICE OCCUPATION. This includes the work of females employed as stenographers; book-keepers; typists; billing clerks; filing clerks; cashiers; cash-girls (not included in other Orders); checkers; invoicers; comptometer operators; auditors; attendants in physicians' offices, dentists' offices, and other offices; and all kinds of clerical help. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $15. Monthly rate, $65. Hourly rate, 31% cents. $11.00 for 1st 6 months. 12.00 „ 2nd 6 13.00 „ 3rd 6 14.00 „ 4th 6 $11.00 for 1st 3 months. 12.00 „ 2nd 3 13.00 „ 3rd 3 14.00 „ 4th 3 Licences required in this class. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Maximum weekly working-period prescribed by Order, 48 hours, unless written permission for overtime obtained from Board. Overtime to be paid at above rates. Order has been in force since May 24th, 1934, superseding Order of August 16th, 1919. PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATION. This includes the work of females employed in manicuring, hairdressing, barbering, and other work of like nature, or employed as ushers in theatres, attendants at shooting-galleries and other public places of amusement, garages, and gasoline service stations, or as drivers of motor-cars and other vehicles. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced AVorkers. Inexperienced Workers. Under 18 Years of Age. 18 Years of Age or over. $14.25. Hourly rate, 29 "/ie cents. $10.00 for 1st 6 months. 11.00 „ 2nd 6 12.00 „ 3rd 6 13.00 „ 4th 6 *$10.00 for 1st 3 months. 11.00 „ 2nd 3 12.00 „ 3rd 3 13.00 „ 4th 3 Licences required in this class. * These rates for learners do not apply to attendants at shooting-galleries and other public places of amusement, garages, and gasoline service stations, or to drivers of motor-cars or other vehicles, for whom no apprenticeship is deemed necessary. Above rates are for 48-hour week, which is maximum permitted. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 91 Wages for Ushers. Ushers in theatres, music-halls, concert-rooms, or the like, engaged after 6 p.m., on legal holidays, and for special matinees, are entitled to a wage of not less than 30 cents an hour, with a minimum payment of 75 cents. Ushers working more than 18 hours a week, but not in excess of 36 hours, are entitled to not less than $10.80 a week. (Ushers in this category may be employed only between 1.30 p.m. and 11 p.m.) Ushers working in excess of 36 hours a week up to 48 hours are entitled to not less than $14.25. No distinction is made for ushers under 18 and over 18 years of age. No apprenticeship considered necessary for ushers. Order has been in force since September 15th, 1919. FISHING INDUSTRY. This includes the work of females engaged in the washing, preparing, preserving, drying, curing, smoking, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use, or for shipment, any kind of fish, except in the case of canned fish. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $15.50. Hourly rate, 32'/24 cents. $12.75 for 1st 4 months. 13.75 „ 2nd 4 14.75 „ 3rd 4 Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Order has been in force since February 28th, 1920. TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH OCCUPATION. This includes the work of all persons employed in connection with the operating of the various instruments, switchboards, and other mechanical appliances used in connection with telephony and telegraphy, and shall also include the work of all persons employed in the business or industry of the operation of telephone or telegraph systems who are not governed by any other Order of the Board. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $15.00. Hourly rate, 31% cents. $11.00 for 1st 3 months. 12.00 „ 2nd 3 „ 13.00 „ 3rd 3 Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. Maximum hours permitted are 8 per day and 48 per week, except in cases of emergency, when 56 hours may be worked. Time and one-half is payable for hours in excess of 48. Every employee must have one full day off duty in every week. Where telephone and telegraph employees are customarily on duty between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m., 10 hours on duty shall be construed as the equivalent of 8 hours of work in computing the number of hours of employment a week. In cases where employees reside on the employer's premises, the employer shall not be prevented from making an arrangement with such employees to answer emergency calls between the hours of 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. Order has been in force since April 5th, 1920, superseding Order of September 23rd, 1919. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY. This includes the work of females engaged in the making, preparing, altering, repairing, ornamenting, printing, finishing, packing, assembling the parts of, and adapting for use or sale any article or commodity, but excepting fish, fruit, and vegetable drying, canning, preserving, or packing. G 92 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Weekly Minimum Wage. Inexperienced Workers. Schedule 1. Schedule 2. Schedule 3. $14.00. Hourly rate, 29% cents. $8.00 for 1st 2 mos. 10.00 „ 2nd 2 „ 12.00 „ 3rd 2 „ $8.00 for 1st 4 mos. 10.00 „ 2nd 4 „ 12.00 „ 3rd 4 „ $7.00 for 1st 6 mos. 10.00 „ 2nd 6 „ 13.00 „ 3rd 6 „ Licences required for inexperienced workers 18 years of age or over. Schedule 1 applies to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Tea, coffee, spices, essences, sauces, jelly-powders, baking-powders, molasses, sugar, syrups, honey, peanut butter, cream and milk products, butter, candy, confectionery, biscuits, macaroni, vermicelli, meats, soft drinks, yeast, cans, buttons, soap, paint, varnish, drug and toilet preparations, photographs, ink, seeds, brooms, whisks, pails, wash-boards, wooden boxes, clothes-pins, matches, explosives, munitions, gas-mantles, and window-shades. Schedule 2 applies to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Cotton bags, envelopes, overalls, shirts, ladies' and children's wear, gloves, hats, caps, men's neckwear, water-proof clothing, tents, awnings, regalia, carpets, furniture, bedding, pillow-covers, loose covers, mattress-covers, draperies, casket furnishings, factory-made millinery, knitted goods, blankets, brushes, machine-made cigars, and dipped chocolates. Schedule 3 applies to the following occupations, or to establishments in which any of the following products are manufactured or adapted for use or sale: Bookbinding, embossing, engraving, printing, dressmaking, men's and women's tailoring, ready-to-wear suits, paper boxes, jewellery, furs, leather goods, hand-made cigars, boots, shoes, and hand-made millinery. Schedule 3 does not apply to regularly indentured apprentices whose indentures have been approved by the Minimum Wage Board. The above rates are for a 48-hour week. No employee shall be employed more than 8 hours a day, nor more than 48 hours a week, except when permission has been granted under the provisions of the " Factories Act." Order has been in force since November 20th, 1923, superseding Order of September 1st, 1919. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY, 1933. This includes the work of females engaged in canning, preserving, drying, packing, or otherwise adapting for sale or use, any kind of fruit or vegetable. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. $14.40. Hourly rate, 30 cents. $11.00 for 1st 2 months. Licences required for inexperienced employees 18 years of age or over. Above rates are for a 48-hour week. For work over 48 hours, but not in excess of 10 hours a day, wages shall be not less than 30 cents an hour for experienced workers, and for work in excess of 10 hours the rate shall be not less than 45 cents an hour. For work over 8 hours, but not in excess of 10 hours a day, wages shall be not less than 23 cents an hour for inexperienced workers, and for work in excess of 10 hours the rate shall be not less than 35 cents an hour. Order has been in force since November 2nd, 1926, superseding Order of February 28th, 1920. Emergency Order No. 17b, covering the Fruit and ATegetable Industry, was promulgated June 14th, 1933, and is included in this report on page 77. The above Orders relating to the Fruit and Vegetable Industry were superseded by Order No. 3 of the Board of Industrial Relations, which became effective on May 10th, 1934, a summary of which is as follows :— REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 93 FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INDUSTRY, 1934. Weekly Minimum Wage. Experienced Workers. Inexperienced Workers. 27c. an hour up to 8 in any one day. 40c. an hour after 8 and up to 12. 54c. an hour after 12 hours in any one day. 25c. an hour up to 8 in any one day. 37 %c. an hour after 8 and up to 12. 50c. an hour after 12 hours in any one day. In cases where employees are required to work in excess of 8 hours but not exceeding 10 hours in any one day in order to handle perishable products which have been delivered in larger quantities than can be handled in 8 hours, experienced employees may be paid at the rate of 27c. an hour up to 10 hours in a day, and inexperienced employees may be paid at the rate of 25c. an hour up to 10 hours in any one day ; the other rates set out in the summary above to apply after 10 hours. This provision for handling perishable products was embodied in Order No. 3a (Emergency) and became effective on June 29th, 1934. ASSOCIATIONS OF EMPLOYERS. The following list of organizations which have a direct connection with the employment of labour has been compiled from the latest available information and does not include any which has been established purely for social purposes. Box Manufacturers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, J. C. Grant, Empire Box Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street AVest, Vancouver. B.C. Hotels' Association—President, L. A. Manly ; Vice-President, Wm. Gilchrist; Treasurer, J. B. AVyard; Secretary, J. J. AValsh, 307-8 Lumbermen's Building, 509 Richards Street, Vancouver. The above are the officers of this Association until the annual meeting and election of officers takes place next July. B.C. Loggers' Association—Chairman of the Board of Directors, Roger L. Cobb, 909 Yorkshire Building, Vancouver; Vice-Chairman, Fred Brown, B. & K. Logging Co., Ltd., 1004 Standard Bank Building, Vancouver; Secretary-Manager, R. V. Stuart, 921 Metropolitan Building, Arancouver. Officers elected annually on January 15th. B.C. Lumber & Shingle Manufacturers' Association—President (1934), J. D. McCormack, Canadian AVestern Lumber Co., Ltd., Fraser Mills ; Secretary, T. H. AVilkinson, 917 Metropolitan Building, Arancouver. Officers elected annually on third Thursday in January. Building & Construction Industries Exchange of B.C.—President, C. L. McDonald; First Vice- President, AValter Leek ; Second Vice-President, J. P. McKenzie; Secretary, R. J. Lecky, 342 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Canadian Jewellers' Association (B.C. Section) —President, A. G. Carruthers; Secretary- Treasurer, A. Fraser Reid, 1635 Napier Street, Vancouver. Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division) ; Provincial Headquarters, 701-7 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver—Chairman, J. G. Robson, Timberland Lumber Co., Ltd., New AVestminster; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Canadian Manufacturers' Association (ATictoria Branch), 119 Pemberton Building, Victoria— Chairman, AV. B. AVilson, c/o B. Wilson Co., Ltd., Victoria; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 119 Pemberton Building, Victoria. Canadian Storage & Transferrin's Association (for year June, 1933, to June, 1934)—President, Elmer Johnston, Johnston National Storage, Ltd., C.N.R. Freight Offices, Main Street, Arancouver. This Association has Board of Directors in each Province. Canned Salmon Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street AVest, Vancouver; Secretary, R. M. AVinslow, 705 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Feed Products Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, J. K. Clarke, c/o Buckerfields, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, R. Ar. Robinson, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Fertilizer Manufacturers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, F. Smelts, B.C. Electric Railway Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, R. V. Robinson, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. General Contractors' Association—President, AV. E. Jenkins; First Vice-President, N. D. La- mont; Second A'ice-President, J. P. Hodgson; Secretary, R. J. Lecky, 342 Pender Street AVest, Arancouver. Jam Manufacturers' Association, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, C. D. Hunter, Empress Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Arancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 402 Pender Street AVest, Arancouver. Meal, Oil & Salt Fish Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, R. Nelson, Nelson Bros.' Fisheries, Ltd.; Secretary, R. M. AVinslow, 705 B.C. Mining Building, Arancouver. G 94 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Metal Trades Section, Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division)—Chairman,'D. A. Mcintosh, Letson & Burpee, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Metal Trades Section, Victoria Branch, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, E. AV. Izard, Yarrows, Ltd., Esquimalt; Secretary, T. J. Goodlake, 119 Pemberton Building, Victoria. Millwork Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association—Chairman, E. C. Chry- stal, E. C. Chrystal & Co., Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, Hugh Dalton, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Mining Association of B.C.—President, T. AV. Bingay, Vice-President, Consolidated Mining & Smelting Co. of Canada, Ltd., Trail; Secretary, H. Mortimer-Lamb, 605 Metropolitan Building, Vancouver. Mountain Lumber Manufacturers' Association— President, H. P. Klinestiver, Lumberton; Secretary-Treasurer, I. R. Poole, 204 Traders' Building, Calgary, Alberta. Officers elected at annual meeting held in January. Printers' Section, B.C. Division, Canadian Manufacturers' Association — Chairman, Gordon Hogg, AArilson Stationery Co., Ltd., Arancouver; Secretary-Manager, A. W. Sparling, 706 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Retail Merchants' Association of Canada, Inc., B.C. Board—President, J. M. Watson, Vancouver ; First Vice-President, H. Everett, Vancouver ; Second Vice-President, F. Trapp, New Westminster; Third Vice-President, J. Fred Scott, Cranbrook; Treasurer, C. H. Moodie, Arancouver; Dominion Councillor, R. T. AVil- son, Nanaimo; Secretary, Geo. R. Mathews, Vancouver; and W. H. Anderson, Nanaimo. Head Provincial Office at 420 Pacific Building, Vancouver. Branches are established at Cranbrook, Nanaimo, Revelstoke, Arancouver, Chilli- wack, Abbotsford, Mission, Cloverdale, and Ladner. Districts are operated as Direct Units and serviced through the Provincial Office. Shipping Federation of B.C., Ltd.—President, R. L. Mason ; Vice-President, R. D. Williams; Treasurer, E. F. Riddle; Manager and Secre tary, Major W. C. D. Crombie, Shipping Federation Building, 45 Dunlevy Avenue, Vancouver ; Directors, E. Aikman, D. M. Cameron, F. H. Glendenning, C. A. Coherall, W. M. Crawford, B. W. Greer, K. A. McLennan, R. G. Parkhurst, F. J. Pickett, H. A. Stevenson, and J. AVeber. Meets for election of officers in January of each year. Spruce Manufacturers' Association—President, J. F. McMillan, Edmonton, Alberta; Secretary, I. R. Poole, Calgary, Alberta. Membership includes mills in Northern B.C. and Prairie Provinces. General meetings usually held in Calgary or Edmonton. No set date for annual meeting, but expect it to be held in May. Address of Secretary, 204 Traders' Building, Calgary. Shipyards' Section, Canadian Manufacturers' Association (B.C. Division)—Chairman, A. H. Seaton, B.C. Marine Engineers & Shipbuilders, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary, R. V. Robinson, 701 B.C. Mining Building, Vancouver. Vancouver Association of Electragists—President, C. H. E. Williams, 509 Richards Street, Vancouver ; Hon. Secretary, J. C. Reston, 524 Hornby Street, Vancouver; Office, 425 Pacific Building. Officers elected annually in September. A'ancouver Electrical Association—President, R. A. Graham, 929 Pender Street West, Vancouver ; Secretary, J. C. Reston, 524 Hornby Street, Vancouver. Offices, Western City Building, 542 Howe Street, Vancouver. Officers elected annually in May. This Association has seventy-one members and eight associate members. Vancouver Employing Printers' Association— Chairman, Malcolm MeBeath, McBeath-Camp- bell, Ltd., Vancouver; Secretary-Manager, A. W. Sparling, 402 Pender Street AVest, Vancouver. Arictoria Bread & Cake Manufacturers' Association—President, J. R. Small; Secretary, D. W. Hanbury, 952 Queens Avenue Victoria. Arictoria Builders' Exchange, Ltd. — Secretary- Treasurer, AV. J. Hamilton, 1712 Douglas Street, Victoria. REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 95 UNION DIRECTORY. We have endeavoured to give an up-to-date directory of trade organizations and their officials covering the whole Province, and we desire to thank those union secretaries who were prompt in returning our questionnaire. It is regretted that many officials did not reply to our letters, and we have assumed that their organization is no longer in existence and have struck them from the list. The Department will be pleased at all times to receive any changes in the published list which may be made from time to time, and would appreciate being advised of any new organizations desiring to be listed in the next publication. TRADES AND LABOUR CONGRESS OF CANADA. President, Tom Moore, 172 McLaren Street, Ottawa; Secretary-Treasurer, P. M. Draper, 172 McLaren Street, Ottawa. THE ALL-CANADIAN CONGRESS OF LABOUR. President, A. R. Mosher; Secretary-Treasurer, W. T. Burford, 230 Laurier Avenue West, Ottawa. TRADES AND LABOUR COUNCILS. Prince Rupert—President, S. D. McDonald, P.O. Box 268, Prince Rupert; Secretary, F. Derry, Box 498, Prince Rupert. Meets at Prince Rupert on second Thursday in each month at 8 p.m. Vancouver, New Westminster, and District— President, Colin McDonald, Labour Headquarters, Vancouver; General Secretary-Treasurer, P. R. Bengough, Room 200, Labour Headquarters, Vancouver. Meets first and third Tuesdays of each month at Labour Headquarters at 8 p.m. National Labour Council of Prince Rupert—Secretary, A. E. AVood, Box 679, Prince Rupert. Vancouver Building Trades Council—President, E. H. Morrison, 531 Beatty Street, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Page, 531 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at 531 Beatty Street on second and fourth Tuesdays in each month at 8 p.m. A'ictoria Trades and Labour Council—President, R. D. Lemmax, 915 Kings Road, Victoria; Secretary, James AVilson, 946 Caledonia Avenue, Victoria. Meets at 8 p.m. on the first and third AVednesdays in the month at Labour Hall, Hamley Building, Broughton and Government Streets. DISTRICT LODGES AND COUNCILS. Allied Printing Trades Council. A'ancouver—President, Francis J. Milne, Englsea Lodge, Vancouver; Secretary, AV L. McComb, 840 Nelson Street, Vancouver. Meets at 529-31 Beatty Street, Vancouver, on fourth Monday in month at 8 p.m. Victoria—President, W. W. Laing, 125 Linden Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, AA7m. O. Clunk, 1624 Myrtle Street, Victoria. Meets at Jones Building at 5 p.m. on last Thursday in month. TRADE UNIONS. Ashcroft. Maintenance-of-way Employees, No. 210—President, J. D. Nicol, Box 222, Kamloops; Secretary, R. Halliday, 3481 Georgia Street East, Vancouver. Meets at Ashcroft at 8 p.m. on third Saturday of March, June, September, and December. Corbin. Corbin Miners' Association, Local No. 3, Sub. Dist. No. 1—President, J. Falconer, Corbin; Secretary, J. Press, Corbin. Meets in Burke & Booth Hall every second Sunday at 7 p.m. Cranbrook. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Local No. 563—President, Hugh J. Brock, Cranbrook; Secretary-Treasurer, Geo. A. Hennessy, Cranbrook. Meets at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays in Maple Hall. Machinists, International, No. 588 — President, W. Henderson, Box 827, Cranbrook; Secretary, R. J. Laurie, Box 544, Cranbrook. Meets at W. J. Flower's residence on third Sunday in each month at 3 p.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees & Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 229—President, Albin Aliason, Baker; Secretary, G. C. Brown, P.O. Box 739, Cranbrook. No set date. Railway Conductors of America, Order of. Local No. 407—President, R. H. Harrison, Cranbrook ; Secretary, Geo. Kirwan, P.O. Box 451, ' Cranbrook. Meets at Maple Hall, Cranbrook, on second Sunday in month at 2.30 p.m. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 173—President, James Sims, Cranbrook ; Secretary, J. F. Lunn, Cranbrook. Meets at 8 p.m. at Cranbrook on first Wednesday in month. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Express & Station Employees, Mount Baker Lodge, No. 1292— President, A. H. Laurie, Cranbrook; Secretary, E. G. Dingley, Box 728, Cranbrook. Meets at Cranbrook on second Sunday at 3 p.m. each month. Fernie. Minors' Association, British Columbia — President, Nicholas Cockburn, Coal Creek; Secretary, James AVilson, Box 347, Fernie. Meets at Canadian Legion Hall, Fernie, every first Wednesday at 11.30 a.m. G 96 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Golden. Maintenance-of-way Employees, Canyon Lodge, No. 165—President, J. Blysak; Secretary, Harry Prestwick, Box 59, Golden. Meets on last Sunday of each quarter at 1 p.m. Kamloops. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division No. 821—President, Chas. Spencer, Kamloops; Secretary, T. J. O'Neill, Box 753, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall on first and third Sundays in month at 2.30 p.m. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Division No. 611—President, J. A. Miller, General Delivery, Kamloops; Secretary, H. B. Battison, Box 377, Kamloops. Meets at Orange Hall, Kamloops, on second Sunday in month at 2 p.m. Natal. B.C. Miners' Association—President, M. Halko, Michel; Secretary, G. Mannion, Michel. Meets every second Friday at 7 p.m. in the Mission Hall, Natal. Nelson. Barbers' International Union of America, Journeymen, Local No. 196—President, Eli Sut- cliffe, Nelson; Secretary, R. M. Burgess, Box 657, Nelson. Meets at Burgess Barber Shop, Nelson, at 7.30 p.m. on third Thursday in month. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, E. J. Hoskey Division, No. 579—Chief Engineer, L. W. Humphrey, P.O. Box 117, Nelson; Secretary, E. Jeffcott, P.O. Box 214, Nelson; Local Chairman, L. L. Boomer, P.O. Box 664, Nelson. Meets at Canadian Legion Building on first and third Sundays in each month at 10.30 a.m. Maintenance-of-way Employees, United Brotherhood of, Nelson Lodge, Local No. 181—President, O. Johnson, Procter; Secretary, J. Elia- son, Box 682, Nelson. Meets on last Sunday in each quarter (subject to train service). Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 98—President, David Rees, Nelson; Secretary, G. B. Abbott, Box 272, Nelson. Meets at K. of P. Hall, Baker Street, Nelson, on fourth Tuesday at 7.30 p.m. New Westminster. Amalgamated Building Workers of Canada— President, W. Lannon, 1820 Eighth Avenue, New AArestminster; Secretary, AV. Taylor, 3030 Miller Avenue, New Westminster. Meets at 28 Lome Street, New Westminster, on second and fourth AVednesdays at 8 p.m. Carpenters & Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1251—President, J. T. Ban- nan, 1008 Sixth Avenue, New Westminster; Recording Secretary, AAr. A. Robertson, 224 Eleventh Street, New Westminster. Meets at Labour Temple on first Thursday in month at 8 p.m. Civic Employees' Association of New Westminster —President, O. H. Eickhoff, Carlton Court, New Westminster; Secretary, Rees Morgan, 314 Regina Street, New Westminster. Meets at Labour Temple at 8 p.m. on first Tuesday in month. Civil Servants of Canada (Amalgamated)—President, R. A. Cheale, 1710 Edinburgh Street, New Westminster; Secretary, G. H. Jameson, 1814 Eighth Avenue, New Westminster. Meets at Room 4, Ellis Block, New Westminster, on third Monday in month at 8 p.m. Fishermen's Protective Association of B.C., Local No. 14—President, Leonard Petterson, R.R. No. 1, New Westminster; Secretary, Wm. E. Maiden, Box 427, New AVestminster. Meets at Canadian Legion Hall, New AArestminster, on first Saturday of each month at 4 p.m. Railroad Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of, Local Division No. 226—President and Local Chairman, A. Peplow, 333 Twelfth Street, New AVestminster. Meets in Canadian Legion Hall, New AVestminster. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 632—Secretary, R. A. Stoney, Box 754, New Westminster. Meets in Labour Temple at 10.30 a.m. on last Sunday in each month. Penticton. Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 914—President, J. W. Cockell, Penticton; Secretary, U. B. MacCallum, Penticton. Meets at Odd Fellows' Hall, Penticton, on first and third Mondays of each month at 2.30 p.m. Prince George. Maintenance-of-way Employees, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 202—President, F. P. Dona- van, Hansard ; Secretary, C. H. Weaver, Hulton via Sinclair Mills. Meets at McBride, Prince George, or Hulton about end of each quarter. Railroad Employees, Nechako Division, Local No. 28—President, F. C. Saunders, Prince George; Secretary, H. Allen, Prince George. Meets at Third Avenue, Prince George, on first Tuesday in month at 8 p.m. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Local No. 620—Chief Conductor, R. J. Thompson, Prince George; Secretary, J. E. Paschal, Prince George. Meets in Prince George on second and fourth Sundays in month at 8 p.m. Prince Rupert. Canadian Longshoremen's Association, Local No. 2—President, S. V. Cox; Secretary-Treasurer, W. A. Pilford, Box 531, Prince Rupert. Carpenters & Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1735—President, J. J. Gillis, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. S. Black, Box 694, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday of each month. Conductors, Trainmen, Farthest North Lodge, No. 869—President, AV. D. Moxley, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. H. Rife, P.O. Box 168, Smithers. Meets in Municipal Hall, Smithers, first and third Wednesdays of each month at 8.30 p.m. Deep Sea Fishermen's Union of the Pacific—Secretary-Treasurer, P. B. Gill, 86 Seneca Street, Seattle. Meets in Seattle at 86 Seneca Street on Tuesdays at 7.30 p.m. and at Ketchikan, Alaska. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 426—President, H. Leaper, P.O. Box 465, Prince Rupert; Secretary, F. Derry, Box 498, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall, Fraser Street, Prince Rupert, at 8 p.m. on second Monday of each month. Railway Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of, Division No. 154—President, H. Forrest, Box REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 97 679, Prince Rupert; Secretary, G. Coverdale, Box 679, Prince Rupert. Meets on third Monday at 7.30 p.m.; no set place. Steam and Operating Engineers, Local No. 510.— President, AV. S. Hammond, 1211 Seventh Avenue East, Prince Rupert; Secretary, B. R. Rice, Box 892, Prince Rupert. Meets at 326, Sixth Avenue East, at 8 p.m. on first Friday of each month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 413—President, S. D. MaeDonald, Box 268, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. M. Campbell, Box 689, Prince Rupert. Meets in Carpenters' Hall at 7.30 p.m. on last Thursday of each month. Revelstoke. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Division No. 657—Chief Engineer, AV. J. Johnson, Box 151, Revelstoke; Secretary, G. L. Ingram, Box 485, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall on first and third Tuesdays of each month at 2 p.m. Locomotive Firemen & Enginemen, Brotherhood of, Local No. 341—President, S. J. Spurgeon, Revelstoke; Secretary, A. McKenzie, Revelstoke. Meets in Selkirk Hall, Revelstoke, on second and fourth Wednesdays of each month at 2 p.m. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 258—President, P. Unwin, Revelstoke; Secretary, Dugald Bell, Box 497, Revelstoke. Meets in Smyth's Hall at 8 p.m. on first Monday of each month. Maintenance-of-way Employees, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 208—President, R. Wyman, Revelstoke; Secretary, T. Bysoutt, Revelstoke. Meets in Smyth's Hall at 1.30 p.m. on first Sunday after 15th of every quarter. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, Local No. 481—President, A. N. Watt, Box 111, Revelstoke; Secretary, Chas. Lundell, Box 213, Revelstoke. Meets in Smyth's Hall at 8 p.m. on third Tuesday of each month. Smithers. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Local No. Ill—President, F. V. Foster, Smithers; Secretary, S. J. Mayer, Smithers. Meets in Smithers on first and third Tuesdays in month at 3 p.m. at City Hall. Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, No. 1415 (Bulkley)—President, J. S. Cathrae, Smithers; Secretary, G. W. Smith, Smithers. Meets in Smithers on first Thursday at 7.30 p.m. Railway Trainmen, Brotherhood of, Farthest North Lodge, No. 869—President, AV. D. Mox- ley, Prince Rupert; Secretary, J. H. Rife, Box 168, Smithers. Meets at Town Hall, Smithers, on first and third Mondays of each month at 8.30 p.m. Steveston. Steveston Fishermen's Benevolent Society—President, Shigetaro Nishi, Steveston; Secretary, M. Kuba, Steveston. Meets at Steveston on second Saturday of each month at 2 p.m. Three Forks. Maintenance-of-way Employees,- Brotherhood of, No. 173—President, Joe Mikus, Alamo; Secretary, T. H. Horner, Kaslo. Meets in Three Forks at call of President. 7 Vancouver. Amalgamated Building Workers of Canada, Vancouver Division—Secretary-Treasurer, J. Mc- Kinlay, Room 34, 163 Hastings Street West. Meets on second and fourth Tuesdays at 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver. Amalgamated Building Workers of Canada (Vancouver), No. 1—President, E. A. Williams, 1719 Yew Street, Vancouver; Secretary-Treasurer, J. McKinlay, 817 Fiftieth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at 163 Hastings Street AVest on second and fourth Tuesdays in each month at 8 p.m. Amalgamated Building AVorkers of Canada (Shipyard), No. 2—President, A. E. Arnold, 209 Twenty-fifth Street AVest, North Vancouver; Secretary, Wm. Bray, 116 Sixteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at Flack Building, 163 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, on first and third Tuesdays of each month at 8 p.m. Bakery & Confectionery Workers, Local No. 468 —President, A. Courteney, Vancouver; Secretary, J. D. Inkster, 1124 Burrard Street, Vancouver. Meets in Labour Headquarters on first Saturday of month at 7 p.m. Bakery Salesmen, Local No. 189—President, A. Courteney, Vancouver; Secretary, Birt Showier, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver, on second Tuesday at 8 p.m. Barbers' International Union, Journeymen, Local No. 120—President, J. L. Jackson, Lotus Hotel Barber Shop, Abbott Street, Vancouver; Secretary, C. E. Herrett, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street on fourth Tuesday in month at 8 p.m. Beverage Dispensers' Union, No. 676—President, M. J. Galvin, Vancouver; Business Agent, T. J. Hanafin, 402 Homer Street, Vancouver. Meets at 402 Homer Street on last Sunday of month at 8 p.m. Boilermakers and Iron Shipbuilders' Union of Canada, Local No. 1—President, L. C. Campbell, 349 Fifth Avenue East, North Vancouver; Secretary, R. AVoodbridge, 2738 Telford Avenue West, Burnaby, New Westminster. Meets at 163 Hastings Street West on the second and fourth Fridays of each month at 8 p.m. Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders & Helpers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 194—President, Chas. McMillan, 1419 Nelson Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, A. Fraser, 5079 Ross Street, Arancouver. Meets at Labour Hall, Beatty Street, at 8 p.m. on first and third Mondays. Bookbinders, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 105—President, F. Milne, 1465 Pendrell Street, Vancouver; Recording Secretary, Miss G. Grossman, 2038 Columbia Street, Vancouver ; Financial Secretary, G. Mowatt, Alcazar Hotel, 337 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver. Meets at Business AVomen's Section, Empire Building, Seymour and Hastings Streets, on the second Tuesday of each month at 8 p.m. Bricklayers & Masons' International Union of America, Local No. 1, B.C.—President, Alex. Fordyce, 20 Twelfth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, Wm. S. Dagnall, 1442 Twentieth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at Labour Headquarters on second Wednesday in month at 8 p.m. G 98 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Bridge & Structural Iron Workers, International Association of, Local No. 97—President, Robert McDonald, 5059 Chester Street, Vancouver; Secretary, J. P. Rankins, 52 Eleventh Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 531 Beatty Street at 8 p.m. on second and last Wednesdays in month. Bridge, Structural, Ornamental, Reinforced Ironworkers, Pile Drivers & Riggers, Local No. 1— President, A. Andrew, 2066 York Street, Arancouver ; Secretary, W. S. MacKenzie, 547 AVin- dermere Street, Vancouver. Meets at 8 p.m. every first and third Thursday in Room 30, 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver. Camp and Millworkers, No. 31—President, Taneji Sada, 981 Twenty-seventh Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, Takaichi Umezuki, 544 Powell Street, Vancouver. Meets every second Wednesday at 542 Powell Street, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. Canadian Association of Seamen—National Secretary, C. P. O'Donovan, 411a Cordova Street AVest, Arancouver. Meets in Association's quarters ; no set date. Express Employees, Brotherhood of, Local No. 15 —President, H. A. McAffie, 1052 Pendrell Street, A'ancouver; Secretary, E. Hill, 2352 Sixty-first Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets on first Tuesday of each month at 8 p.m. at Victory Hall. Carpenters & Joiners, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 452—President, R. J. Thompson, 531 Beatty Street, Vancouver; Secretary, W. Page, 531 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at 531 Beatty Street at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Mondays in month. City Hall Employees' Association, No. 59—President, D. Squair, 3728 Thirtieth Avenue AVest, Vancouver; Secretary, J. Tarbuck, 3517 Twenty-fifth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 195 Pender Street East, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Wednesday of each month. Civic Employees' Union, Local No. 28—President, Phil Floyd, 2275 Fifty-first Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary-Treasurer, George Harrison, 3427 Triumph Street, Vancouver. Meets on first and third Fridays in month at 195 Pender Street East at 8 p.m. Coastwise Longshoremen & Freight Handlers' Association—President, A. Boutin ; Secretary, P. Hunt. Meets in rear of 233 Main Street, Vancouver, on first and third Wednesdays in each month at 8 p.m. Electrical Trades Union, Canadian—President, Robert S. Milne, 163 Hastings Street AVest, Vancouver; Secretary, AVm. Shepherd, 163 Hastings Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 163 Hastings Street West on second and fourth Tuesdays at 8 p.m. Engineers, National Union, Local No. 2—Secretary, G. Lamont, 223 Carrall Street, Arancouver. Meets at 223 Carrall Street on first Saturday in month at 2 p.m. lire Fighters, No. 18, International Association of—President, Neil MacDonald, 1136 McLean Drive, Vancouver; Secretary-Treasurer, C. A. Watson, 1626 Eighth Avenue East, Arancouver, Meets at 195 Pender Street East alternate second or third Thursday monthly at 10 a.m. and 8 p.m. Fire Fighters, Local No. 296—Secretary, Wm. H. Galbraith, c/o Fire Department, North Vancouver. Meets in Fire Hall, Thirteenth Street East, on first Monday of month at 7.30 p.m. Granite Cutters' International Association of America—President, James Glencross, 1382 Howe Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Wm. Mor- rice, 2228 Kitchener Street, Arancouver. Meets on third Friday of month at O'Brien Hall, Hastings Street, at 7.30 p.m. Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of, Kamloops Division, No. 320—President, G. P. Boston, 1763 Third Avenue AA7est, Vancouver; Secretary, S. H. Stingley, 661 Twentieth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall on second and fourth Tuesdays in month at 2 p.m. and 8 p.m. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 182—President, George Lyle, 1962 Napier Street, Arancouver; Secretary, Jas. H. AVallace, 3271 Fifteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets on second Friday at 8 p.m. in Labour Hall, Arancouver. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 692—President, Harry Horn, 529 Beatty Street, Arancouver; Secretary, P. R. Bengough, Labour Headquarters, Arancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street at 8 p.m. on Tuesdays. Maintenance-of-way Employees and Railway Shop Labourers, United Brotherhood of, Local No. 1734—President, N. Sato, Colebrook; Secretary, John Roscow, 14 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at Victoria House at 10.30 a.m. on last Sunday in month. Marine Engineers, National Association of, No. 7 —President, George D. Moody, 319 Pender Street AVest, ATancouver; Secretary, E. Read, 319 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Meets at 319 Pender Street West on second and fourth Fridays at 8 p.m. during summer months; weekly during winter months. Milk AVagon Drivers & Dairy Employees, Local No. 464—President, S. T. Blackman, 529 Beatty Street, Arancouver; Secretary, B. Showier, 529 Beatty Street, Arancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street at 8 p.m. on second Friday in month. Motion Picture Projectionists' Union, Local 348, I.A.T.S.E. and M.P.M.O.—President, L. Clark; Secretary, J. H. Leslie, Box 345; Business Manager, F. G. Graham. Meets at 11.45 p.m. on first AVednesday in each month in the Elks' Club, 901 Dunsmuir Street. Moulders of North America, International Union of, Local No. 281—President, John Browne, 638 Broadway West, Vancouver; Secretary, D. B. MeCormack, 677 Sixteenth Avenue, New AVestminster. , Meets at Labour Headquarters, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first and third Fridays in month. Musicians' Mutual Protective Union, Local No. 145 (American Federation of Musicians of the U.S. and Canada)—President, J. Bowyer, 2704 Fourth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, E. A. Jamieson, 319 Pender Street West, Vancouver. Meets at G.W.V.A. Auditorium, 856 Seymour Street, Vancouver, on second Sunday in month, except during months of May, June, and July. Painters, Decorators & Paperhangers of America, Local No. 138—President, H. O. McDonald, REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. G 99 845 Twentieth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, Ed. Smith, 5216 St. Catherines Street, South Arancouver. Meets at 8 p.m. on second Thursday in each month at 529 Beatty Street. Pattern Makers' Union of British Columbia— President, Nelson Atkinson, Thirty-ninth Avenue and Fraser, Vancouver; Secretary, Albert Hooper, General Delivery, Ocean Falls, B.C. Pile Drivers, Bridge, Dock & Wharf Builders, Local No. 2404—President, James McGuffie, P.O. Box 320, Vancouver ; Recording Secretary, John McLeod, Box 320, Vancouver. Meets at 122 Hastings Street West at 8 p.m. on each Friday. Railroad Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of, Local No. 59—Secretary, H. Strange, 3616 Arictory Street, New AVestminster. Meets on third Fridays at 1150 Main Street, Vancouver. liailroad Employees, Canadian Brotherhood of, Local Division No. 82—President, J. Hulme, 1937 Forty-fourth Avenue AVest, Vancouver; Secretary, T. M. Sullivan, 2715 Dundas Street, Arancouver. Meets at Ivanhoe Hotel, Vancouver ; no set date. Railway Conductors of America, Order of, Division No. 267—President, H. M. Walker, 6168 Twelfth Avenue East, Vancouver; Secretary, J. B. Physick, 1156 Thurlow Street, Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall on first Sunday at 2 p.m. Railway Mail Clerks' Association—President, F. AV. Hitchcock, 2551 Thirty-seventh Avenue West, Arancouver; Secretary, S. C. Bate, 3025 Second Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets in Post Office Building, Arancouver, at 2.30 p.m. on last Tuesday in month. Railway & Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express & Station Employees, Brotherhood of, Local No. 46—President, Victor Lund, 5634 Bruce Street, Vancouver; Secretary, F. H. Fallows, 1504-St. Andrews Street, North Vancouver. Meets at I.O.O.F. Hall, Vancouver, on fourth Friday at 8 p.m. Sheet Metal AVorkers, Local No. 280—President, Thomas E. Burke, 3557 Dundas Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, Daniel Macpherson, No. 308, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street at 8 p.m. on second and fourth Thursdays. Sheet Metal AVorkers (Railroad), No. 314—President, H. H. Swinden, 2265 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver ; Secretary, Geo. Watson, 1909 Nineteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets on second Friday of each month at Labour Headquarters, 529 Beatty Street, at 8 p.m. Shingle Weavers, Local No. 17813—President, J. N. Shute, 1163 Pender Street East, Vancouver ; Secretary, E. Lockhart, 8631 Montcalm Street, Arancouver. Meets on first and third Sundays in Labour Temple at 2 p.m. Sign & Pictorial Painters, Local Union No. 726 (Vancouver and Aricinity) — President, A. Swanson, 224 Fourteenth Avenue AVest, Vancouver ; Secretary, AVm. O. Clarkson, 1823 Kitchener Street, Vancouver. Meets at Labour Temple, Vancouver, on first and third Thursdays of each month at 8 p.m. Steam Engineers, International, Local No. 963— President, James Wilson, 985 Nineteenth Avenue West, Vancouver; Secretary, Wm. R. Crawford, 1539 Parker Street, Arancouver. Meets at Labour Temple on first Tuesday in each month at 8 p.m. Stenographers, Typists, Book-keepers and Assistants, Local No. 18177—Secretary, Anne Mac- Donald, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver. Meets on first and third Thursdays in each month at 529 Beatty Street. Stone-cutters, Association of North America— President, John Marshall, 4708 Beatrice Street, Vancouver ; Secretary, E. W. Tonge, 4119 Grace Avenue, New Westminster. Meets at Labour Headquarters on second Monday in month at 8 p.m. Street & Electric Railway Employees of America, Amalgamated Association of, Division No. 101 —President, T. R. Carson, 3729 Sixteenth Avenue AVest, Arancouver; Financial Secretary and Business Agent, F. E. Griffin, 447 Sixth Avenue East, Arancouver. Meets at K. of P. Hall, Eighth Avenue and Scotia Street, Vancouver, on first and third Mondays at 10.15 a.m. and 7 p.m. Switchmen's Union of North America, Local No. Ill—President, AV. J. Ingles, 2048 Eighth Avenue AVest, Arancouver; Secretary, A. S. Crosson, 3925 Fourteenth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 3925 Fourteenth Avenue AVest on first and third Sundays at 2 p.m. Tailors' Union of America, Journeymen, Local No. 178—President, Colin McDonald, 2834 St. George Street, Vancouver; Secretary, W. AV. Hocken, 1582 Thirteenth Avenue East, Vancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on second Monday in month. Taxi, Stage & Bus Drivers, Local No. 151—President, AV. Swain, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Birt Showier, 529 Beatty Street, Arancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver, at 8 p.m. on first Monday and 10.30 a.m. on second Tuesday. Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Stablemen & Helpers, No. 466, International Brotherhood of—President, F. Goodrich, 529 Beatty Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Birt Showier, Room 308, Labour Headquarters, Arancouver. Meets at Labour Headquarters on first and third Mondays at 8 p.m. Teamsters, Joint Council No. 36—President, H. A. Smith, 3820 Quebec Street, Vancouver; Secretary, Birt Showier, 529 Beatty Street, Arancouver. Meets at 529 Beatty Street on call of Chair. Arancouver Plasterers—Secretary, A. Hurry, 1115 Thirty-third Avenue East, Vancouver. Waterfront AVorkers' Association, Vancouver and Harbour—President, Milton Reid, 445 Gore Avenue, Vancouver; Secretary, Allan L. Walker, 1906 Sixth Avenue West, Vancouver. Meets at 45 Dunlevy Avenue on second Friday of every month at 8 p.m. Vernon. Typographical Union, No. 541—President, A. R. Hillier, Box 541, Vernon; Secretary-Treasurer, W. B. Hilliard, R.R. No. 1, Enderby. Meets in Vernon at call of Chair. Victoria. Barbers, Journeymen, International Union of America, Local No. 372—President, G. A. G 100 DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR. Turner, 616 Avalon Road, Victoria; Secretary, J. A. Green, 1319 Douglas Street, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall on fourth Monday in month at 8 p.m. Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders & Helpers of America, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 191—President, L. Basso, 625 John Street, Victoria; Secretary, AV. S. Duncan, 1409 May Street, Victoria. Meets on first Tuesday of each month at 8 p.m. Bookbinders, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 147—President, W. W. Laing, 125 Linden Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, J. A. Wiley, 141 Clarence Street, Victoria. Meets at Room 311, Jones Building, 715 Fort Street, Victoria, at 8 p.m. on fourth Friday in month. Civic Employees, Local No. 50—President, A. Murray, 2512 Blanshard Street, Victoria; Secretary, R. Betts, 2858 Shakespeare Street, Victoria. Meets at Main Fire Hall, Cormorant Street, at 8 p.m. on second Wednesday in month. Electrical AVorkers, International Brotherhood of, Local No. 230—President, R. D. Lemmax, 915 King's Road, Victoria ; Secretary, W. Reid, 2736 Asquith Street, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall, Government Street and Broughton, on first and third Tuesdays of month at 8 p.m. Machinists, International Association of, Local No. 456—President, A. Wallace, 44 Lewis Street, Victoria; Secretary, C. H. Lester, 1137 Caledonia Avenue, Victoria. Meets at Eagles' Hall, 1319 Government Street, on fourth Thursday in month at 8 p.m. Musicians, American Federation of (Musicians' Mutual Protective Association), Local No. 247 —President, S. G. Peele, 1210 McKenzie Street, Victoria; Secretary, F. V. Homan, 418 Hel- mcken Street, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall on second Sunday in each month at 2 p.m. in winter and 10.30 a.m. in summer. Pile Drivers, Bridge, Wharf & Dock Builders, No. 2415—President, S. M. Berrow, 2548 Quadra Street, Victoria; Secretary, E. E. Goldsmith, 1133 Empress Avenue, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall at 8 p.m. on second Fridays of each month. Printing Pressmen & Assistants, International Union of North America, Local No. 79—President, Thomas Nute, 647 Michigan Street, Victoria ; Secretary, F. H. Larssen, 1236 McKenzie Street, Victoria. Meets at third floor of the Jones Building at 8 p.m. on second Monday in month. Street & Electric Railway Employees of America, Amalgamated Association of, Division No. 109 —President, Jas. P. Torrance, 2510 Blackwood Avenue, Victoria; Secretary, W. Turner, 2169 Fair Street, Victoria. Meets at corner of Broad and Yates Streets at 10 a.m. and 7.30 p.m. on second Tuesday in month. Typographical Union, International, Local No. 201—President, Jas. D. Davidson, 384 Burn- side Road, Victoria ; Secretary, James Petrie, Box 1183, Victoria. Meets in Maccabees' Hall, 724 Fort Street, Victoria, at 2 p.m. on last Sunday in month. AVood, AVire & Metal Lathers, No. 332, Vancouver Island—President, L. McKay, 3074 Earl Gray Road, Saanich; Secretary, James AVilson, 946 Caledonia Avenue, Victoria. Meets at Labour Hall on fourth Friday of each month at 8 p.m. VICTORIA, B.C.: Printed by Chables F. Banfield, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1934. 2,075-634-8008
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PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST… British Columbia. Legislative Assembly [1935]
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Title | PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST 1933 |
Alternate Title | REPORT OF DEPUTY MINISTER, 1933. |
Creator |
British Columbia. Legislative Assembly |
Publisher | Victoria, BC : Government Printer |
Date Issued | [1935] |
Genre |
Legislative proceedings |
Type |
Text |
FileFormat | application/pdf |
Language | English |
Identifier | J110.L5 S7 1935_V01_07_G1_G100 |
Collection |
Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Source | Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia |
Date Available | 2016 |
Provider | Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library |
Rights | Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia |
CatalogueRecord | http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198 |
DOI | 10.14288/1.0308242 |
AggregatedSourceRepository | CONTENTdm |
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