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Cardiovascular response to harassment and the influence of apology strategies on recovery period Anderson, Jeremy C.
Abstract
184 participants (92 male, 92 female) performed a laboratory stress task involving mental arithmetic in a study examining the influence of apology strategies on cardiovascular recovery from anger provocation involving harassment. Participants completed the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale prior to the laboratory session, to assess their degree of cynicism. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) non-harassed Control, (2) harassed/Good Apology, (3) harassed/Pseudo-apology, or (4) harassed/Delayed Apology. Measures of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR), and samples of salivary Cortisol were taken at consecutive baseline, task and return to baseline periods. Results indicate that verbal harassment resulted in increased reported anger and increased cardiovascular reactivity in participants, but did not result in slower overall recovery than was seen in Controls. Participants who received a genuine apology displayed faster decreases in self-reported anger than those who received a fake apology, termed a pseudo-apology. Participants low in cynicism displayed little i f any difference in cardiovascular recovery between apology conditions, while those higher in cynicism displayed faster SBP recovery when they received a genuine apology. High-cynical individuals displayed similar SBP recovery when given a pseudo-apology compared to when given no apology. Men typically displayed slower overall SBP recovery than women and men displayed the fastest H R recovery when given a pseudo-apology. Asian participants displayed slower SBP recovery when they received no apology at the beginning of the recovery period. It is concluded that a genuine apology can accelerate recovery from anger provocation but only in certain population subgroups.
Item Metadata
Title |
Cardiovascular response to harassment and the influence of apology strategies on recovery period
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Creator | |
Publisher |
University of British Columbia
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Date Issued |
2000
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Description |
184 participants (92 male, 92 female) performed a laboratory stress task involving mental
arithmetic in a study examining the influence of apology strategies on cardiovascular recovery
from anger provocation involving harassment. Participants completed the Cook-Medley
Hostility Scale prior to the laboratory session, to assess their degree of cynicism. Participants
were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) non-harassed Control, (2) harassed/Good
Apology, (3) harassed/Pseudo-apology, or (4) harassed/Delayed Apology. Measures of systolic
blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR), and samples of
salivary Cortisol were taken at consecutive baseline, task and return to baseline periods. Results
indicate that verbal harassment resulted in increased reported anger and increased cardiovascular
reactivity in participants, but did not result in slower overall recovery than was seen in Controls.
Participants who received a genuine apology displayed faster decreases in self-reported anger
than those who received a fake apology, termed a pseudo-apology. Participants low in cynicism
displayed little i f any difference in cardiovascular recovery between apology conditions, while
those higher in cynicism displayed faster SBP recovery when they received a genuine apology.
High-cynical individuals displayed similar SBP recovery when given a pseudo-apology
compared to when given no apology. Men typically displayed slower overall SBP recovery than
women and men displayed the fastest H R recovery when given a pseudo-apology. Asian
participants displayed slower SBP recovery when they received no apology at the beginning of
the recovery period. It is concluded that a genuine apology can accelerate recovery from anger
provocation but only in certain population subgroups.
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Extent |
2985964 bytes
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Genre | |
Type | |
File Format |
application/pdf
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Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2009-07-20
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0089686
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URI | |
Degree | |
Program | |
Affiliation | |
Degree Grantor |
University of British Columbia
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Graduation Date |
2000-11
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Campus | |
Scholarly Level |
Graduate
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Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Item Media
Item Citations and Data
Rights
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.