- Library Home /
- Search Collections /
- Open Collections /
- Browse Collections /
- UBC Theses and Dissertations /
- Claiming the land : Indians, goldseekers, and the rush...
Open Collections
UBC Theses and Dissertations
UBC Theses and Dissertations
Claiming the land : Indians, goldseekers, and the rush to British Columbia Marshall, Daniel Patrick
Abstract
During the Fraser River gold rush of 1858, over 30,000 goldseekers invaded the Aboriginal lands of southern British Columbia, setting off Native-White conflicts similar to the Indian Wars of the American Pacific Northwest. Prior to the establishment of the Colony of British Columbia, 19 November 1858, British sovereignty was marginal and the Fraser gold fields clearly an extension of the American West. The Native world was not defined by the 49th parallel, nor the kind of violence that crossed the international border with the expansion of the California mining frontier. These goldseekers, in prosecuting military-like campaigns, engaged in significant battles with First Nations, broke the back of full-scale Native resistance in both southern British Columbia and eastern Washington State, and brokered Treaties of Peace on foreign soil. The very roots of Native sovereignty, rights and unrest, current in the province today, may be traced to the 1858 gold rush. This dissertation maintains that British Columbia's 'founding' event has not been explored due to the transboundary nature of the subject. It has little or no presence in Canadian historiography as presently written. The year 1858 represents a period of exceptional flux and population mobility within an ill-defined space. I argue that the key to the Fraser Rush is to be found south of the border: in geographic space (the Pacific Slope) and in place (California mining frontier). It examines the three principal cultures that inhabited the middle ground of the gold fields, those of the Fur Trade (Hudson's Bay Company and Native), Californian, and British world views. The year 1858 represents a power struggle on the frontier: a struggle of local Indian power, the entrance of an overwhelming outsiders' power, transplanted locally and directed largely from California, and regional and long-distance British power. It is a clash of two "frontier" creations: that of "California culture" and "fur trade culture" that not only produced violence but the formal inauguration of colonialism, Indian reserves, and ultimately the expansion of Canada to the Pacific Slope.
Item Metadata
Title |
Claiming the land : Indians, goldseekers, and the rush to British Columbia
|
Creator | |
Publisher |
University of British Columbia
|
Date Issued |
2000
|
Description |
During the Fraser River gold rush of 1858, over 30,000 goldseekers invaded the Aboriginal
lands of southern British Columbia, setting off Native-White conflicts similar to the Indian Wars of
the American Pacific Northwest. Prior to the establishment of the Colony of British Columbia, 19
November 1858, British sovereignty was marginal and the Fraser gold fields clearly an extension of
the American West. The Native world was not defined by the 49th parallel, nor the kind of violence
that crossed the international border with the expansion of the California mining frontier. These
goldseekers, in prosecuting military-like campaigns, engaged in significant battles with First Nations,
broke the back of full-scale Native resistance in both southern British Columbia and eastern
Washington State, and brokered Treaties of Peace on foreign soil. The very roots of Native
sovereignty, rights and unrest, current in the province today, may be traced to the 1858 gold rush.
This dissertation maintains that British Columbia's 'founding' event has not been explored
due to the transboundary nature of the subject. It has little or no presence in Canadian historiography
as presently written. The year 1858 represents a period of exceptional flux and population mobility
within an ill-defined space. I argue that the key to the Fraser Rush is to be found south of the border:
in geographic space (the Pacific Slope) and in place (California mining frontier). It examines the three
principal cultures that inhabited the middle ground of the gold fields, those of the Fur Trade
(Hudson's Bay Company and Native), Californian, and British world views. The year 1858
represents a power struggle on the frontier: a struggle of local Indian power, the entrance of an
overwhelming outsiders' power, transplanted locally and directed largely from California, and
regional and long-distance British power. It is a clash of two "frontier" creations: that of "California
culture" and "fur trade culture" that not only produced violence but the formal inauguration of
colonialism, Indian reserves, and ultimately the expansion of Canada to the Pacific Slope.
|
Extent |
23447441 bytes
|
Genre | |
Type | |
File Format |
application/pdf
|
Language |
eng
|
Date Available |
2009-07-15
|
Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
|
Rights |
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.
|
DOI |
10.14288/1.0089642
|
URI | |
Degree | |
Program | |
Affiliation | |
Degree Grantor |
University of British Columbia
|
Graduation Date |
2000-05
|
Campus | |
Scholarly Level |
Graduate
|
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
|
Item Media
Item Citations and Data
Rights
For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.