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Abstract

This dissertation provides an in-depth exploration of the adoption of biomass combined heat and power (CHP) systems in remote Indigenous Communities in Canada, considering economic, environmental, and sociopolitical aspects. Still, over 200,000 individuals live across 250 off-grid communities, predominantly reliant on diesel power generation driven through outside utilities and generating significant environmental concerns. Despite the evident need and growing efforts to transition to more sustainable energy solutions like biomass CHP, various barriers have hindered its widespread adoption. This research establishes the techno-economic feasibility of small-scale biomass gasification systems as viable alternative for conventional diesel systems. These systems are praised for their potential to catalyze local economic growth and dramatically curtail greenhouse gas emissions. Through a meticulous case study in Northern British Columbia, the study unveils the economic, environmental, and social benefits of biomass CHP systems, illustrating their capacity to create energy independence, stimulate local economies, and mitigate environmental impact. The research highlights the need of intensive community involvement and strategic planning to fully use the capabilities of these systems. Through analytical hierarchy analysis, this research established sustainability preferences of bioenergy decision makers in Canada, including community leaders and policy makers. A pivotal part of the study involves employing Monte Carlo simulations to examine the economic feasibility of biomass CHP projects against existing funding policies and potential alternatives. Results show that Feed-in Tariffs (FiT) can enhance project revenues, making biomass CHP an economically viable option. Consequently, the dissertation recommends a shift towards FiT schemes and a re-evaluation of support strategies to aid the transition to clean, sustainable energy in remote communities. Conclusively, this dissertation calls upon policymakers to consider the broader economic effects, community priorities, and the importance of capacity building in their support for biomass CHP projects. It stresses the need for a detailed analysis and tailored funding strategies to ensure the successful adoption and sustainability of these systems. The study's practical implications are evidenced by its influence on ongoing projects, such as the small-scale CHP unit installation in the community of Kluskus in British Columbia, aiming to provide valuable resources and training for communities interested in biomass CHP systems.