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Abstract

This study examines the potential for mining companies to contribute to both business success and community well-being in Afghanistan, a country rich in mineral resources yet facing major socio-economic and political challenges. It explores how strategies from other regions might be adapted to Afghanistan to foster mutual benefits for companies and local communities. The research considers whether mining companies can generate economic gains while addressing societal needs, recognizing the sector’s potential role in sustainable growth. It focuses on identifying approaches that could promote long-term prosperity in Afghanistan’s unique context by balancing commercial objectives with community development. Using a document review approach, the study analyzes sustainability reports from 14 member companies from 14 International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM) member companies over the five-year period from 2018 to 2023. The goal is to identify activities sponsored by companies to support sustainability and corporate responsibility programs. Initiatives are classified as transactional, transitional, or transformative, with special attention to transformative approaches that offer lasting economic and social outcomes. The analysis shows that while many companies engage in transactional or transitional projects, relatively few adopt transformative strategies capable of delivering sustained, shared benefits. Criteria for evaluating transformative initiatives include alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals, the extent of community participation in decision-making and management, and the creation of joint economic value. By reviewing current practices within the mining industry, the research highlights opportunities for companies to embrace transformative approaches in Afghanistan. Such strategies could help address pressing societal challenges, enhance corporate-community relationships, and improve social performance. The findings serve as a starting point for further exploration, including in-depth qualitative studies involving industry stakeholders and local populations. These future studies could assess how well these strategies work in practice, and how they might be tailored to Afghanistan’s specific conditions to maximize impact.