Open Collections

Li, Xiyue

University of British Columbia

This thesis consists of three essays studying the impacts of financial investors on entrepreneurial activities. The first essay shows that information frictions in valuation can lead startups to select projects that align with the expertise of potential venture capital (VC) investors, a strategy I refer to as catering. First, I build a theoretical model where a startup trades off project quality with the informational benefits of catering. The startup selects catering when alternative information sources are limited or VC investors demonstrate proficiency in valuing projects close to their expertise. Second, using textual data from patent applications, I define catering projects as patent applications that deviate from the founders' experience toward VC's expertise. Consistent with model predictions, catering applications are more prevalent when the patent examination is slow, or VCs utilize past data to screen new deals. Catering applications are 9.3% less likely to get patent approval, suggesting low project originality. The second essay shows that stage financing creates an agency conflict between VC and the entrepreneur when it prevents the entrepreneur from taking risks. VC can mitigate this agency conflict by increasing portfolio size in the early investment stage to arrange a winner-takes-all tournament for refinancing. When VC allocates most capital to the startup that generates a higher return, entrepreneurs have an increasing marginal benefit as the return becomes higher. Such a convexity in expected payoff incentivizes entrepreneurs to take risks. The third essay investigates the impact of nonbank expansion in the mortgage market on bank’s lending portfolios. Employing a difference-in-differences approach based on regulatory changes that reduce nonbank lending costs, we find: 1) Nonbank expansion decreases bank mortgage market share amid no changes in total mortgage lending. 2) Diversified banks increase credit supply and offer lower rates to small business lending in counties with more nonbank expansion. 3) Within bank and county credit reallocation increases local small business entry and employment in the tradable sector. We develop a conceptual framework to show frictions in cross-county capital allocation drive the results. Overall, this essay highlights the distributional consequences of nonbank expansion in bank small business lending.

Text

2024-06-24

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

http://hdl.handle.net/2429/88512

Business Administration - Finance

University of British Columbia

UBCV

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/