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Development and application of a whole disease model of oral cancer to inform health technology management Cromwell, Ian
Abstract
Whole Disease Models (WDMs) are decision analytic models characterized by their ability to reflect the policy changes that occur at multiple points within the entire clinical trajectory of a given disease. They differ from conventional ‘piecewise’ modeling approaches in their ability to reflect processes that occur ‘upstream’ and ‘downstream’ from a technology decision of interest. This dissertation describes the development of a WDM of oral cancer, and its application in generating evidence to inform Health Technology Management (HTM). The dissertation reviews the available scientific literature concerning health economic decision analytic modeling in oral cancer, and argues that a Whole Disease Model approach is appropriate for economic evaluation in this disease. A conventional piecewise Markov model is used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of risk-guided management of oral premalignancy, and the limitations of that approach are discussed. The dissertation then describes the development and validation of the Whole Disease Model of Oral Cancer (WDMOC). The WDMOC is used to re-evaluate the risk-guided management policy, and how the cost-effectiveness of such a policy is influenced by upstream (tobacco/alcohol cessation, improved screening) and downstream (improved surgical treatment for early-stage disease, improved systemic therapy for late-stage disease) policy changes, including the hypothetical effect of a population HPV vaccination program. The WDMOC found that risk-guided management was cost saving compared to current standard practice, but was not expected to produce gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The cost-effectiveness of a risk-guided management approach was affected by upstream factors that influence malignant progression and downstream factors that prolonged survival among advanced cancers. Scenario analysis was used to estimate the impact of multiple simultaneous policy changes on the cost-effectiveness of a risk-guided approach. The WDMOC contributes a useful platform for economic evaluation that can inform HTM. Results of the analysis suggest that a risk-guided approach is cost-effective, particularly among patients with regular access to a dentist that regularly performs oral cancer screenings and in the presence of improved options for managing late-stage disease. The WDMOC was developed using an open source approach so that it can readily incorporate new information and have users in multiple policy jurisdictions.
Item Metadata
Title |
Development and application of a whole disease model of oral cancer to inform health technology management
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Creator | |
Publisher |
University of British Columbia
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Date Issued |
2019
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Description |
Whole Disease Models (WDMs) are decision analytic models characterized by their ability to reflect the policy changes that occur at multiple points within the entire clinical trajectory of a given disease. They differ from conventional ‘piecewise’ modeling approaches in their ability to reflect processes that occur ‘upstream’ and ‘downstream’ from a technology decision of interest. This dissertation describes the development of a WDM of oral cancer, and its application in generating evidence to inform Health Technology Management (HTM).
The dissertation reviews the available scientific literature concerning health economic decision analytic modeling in oral cancer, and argues that a Whole Disease Model approach is appropriate for economic evaluation in this disease. A conventional piecewise Markov model is used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of risk-guided management of oral premalignancy, and the limitations of that approach are discussed. The dissertation then describes the development and validation of the Whole Disease Model of Oral Cancer (WDMOC). The WDMOC is used to re-evaluate the risk-guided management policy, and how the cost-effectiveness of such a policy is influenced by upstream (tobacco/alcohol cessation, improved screening) and downstream (improved surgical treatment for early-stage disease, improved systemic therapy for late-stage disease) policy changes, including the hypothetical effect of a population HPV vaccination program.
The WDMOC found that risk-guided management was cost saving compared to current standard practice, but was not expected to produce gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The cost-effectiveness of a risk-guided management approach was affected by upstream factors that influence malignant progression and downstream factors that prolonged survival among advanced cancers. Scenario analysis was used to estimate the impact of multiple simultaneous policy changes on the cost-effectiveness of a risk-guided approach.
The WDMOC contributes a useful platform for economic evaluation that can inform HTM. Results of the analysis suggest that a risk-guided approach is cost-effective, particularly among patients with regular access to a dentist that regularly performs oral cancer screenings and in the presence of improved options for managing late-stage disease. The WDMOC was developed using an open source approach so that it can readily incorporate new information and have users in multiple policy jurisdictions.
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Genre | |
Type | |
Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2019-07-18
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0379922
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URI | |
Degree | |
Program | |
Affiliation | |
Degree Grantor |
University of British Columbia
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Graduation Date |
2019-09
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Campus | |
Scholarly Level |
Graduate
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Rights URI | |
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International