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Plant lipid trafficking : the cell biology of cuticular lipid export and membrane contact sites of Arabidopsis thaliana McFarlane, Heather
Abstract
The plant cuticle coats the primary aerial tissues of all land plants to provide protection against non-‐stomatal water loss. Though the biosynthesis of cuticular lipids is now relatively well understood, the mechanisms of cuticular lipid export remain unclear. The objective of this thesis was to characterize several transporters required for cuticular lipid export and to determine the route of cuticular lipid export from their site of synthesis inside the cell to their site of accumulation on the cell surface. Based on interaction studies between two ATP-‐binding cassette transporters (ABCG11 and ABCG12) and the chemical phenotypes of their mutants, a model for the influence of ABC dimerization on subcellular localization and substrate specificity of these transporters is presented in the context of cuticular lipid export (Chapter 2). Analysis of several well-‐characterized secretory pathway mutants further indicates that at least some cuticular lipids reach these plasma membrane transporters via vesicular trafficking through the Golgi apparatus (Chapter 3). Furthermore, these mutant studies reveal a form and function relationship between the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its biosynthetic capacity, with respect to lipid synthesis (Chapter 3). Finally, ER-‐plasma membrane contact sites are investigated as a possible second route of cuticular lipid export (Chapter 4). While the frequency of contact sites is not correlated with cuticular lipid export, it remains possible that lipid trafficking may occur at these sites. Isolation and proteomic analysis of these membrane sub-‐fractions reveals a possible role for ER-‐plasma membrane contact sites in lipid remodeling or recycling, rather than cuticular lipid export. Taken together, these results build a complete model of cuticular lipid export from the site of synthesis to the site of lipid accumulation.
Item Metadata
| Title |
Plant lipid trafficking : the cell biology of cuticular lipid export and membrane contact sites of Arabidopsis thaliana
|
| Creator | |
| Publisher |
University of British Columbia
|
| Date Issued |
2013
|
| Description |
The
plant
cuticle
coats
the
primary
aerial
tissues
of
all
land
plants
to
provide
protection
against
non-‐stomatal
water
loss.
Though
the
biosynthesis
of
cuticular
lipids
is
now
relatively
well
understood,
the
mechanisms
of
cuticular
lipid
export
remain
unclear.
The
objective
of
this
thesis
was
to
characterize
several
transporters
required
for
cuticular
lipid
export
and
to
determine
the
route
of
cuticular
lipid
export
from
their
site
of
synthesis
inside
the
cell
to
their
site
of
accumulation
on
the
cell
surface.
Based
on
interaction
studies
between
two
ATP-‐binding
cassette
transporters
(ABCG11
and
ABCG12)
and
the
chemical
phenotypes
of
their
mutants,
a
model
for
the
influence
of
ABC
dimerization
on
subcellular
localization
and
substrate
specificity
of
these
transporters
is
presented
in
the
context
of
cuticular
lipid
export
(Chapter
2).
Analysis
of
several
well-‐characterized
secretory
pathway
mutants
further
indicates
that
at
least
some
cuticular
lipids
reach
these
plasma
membrane
transporters
via
vesicular
trafficking
through
the
Golgi
apparatus
(Chapter
3).
Furthermore,
these
mutant
studies
reveal
a
form
and
function
relationship
between
the
structure
of
the
endoplasmic
reticulum
(ER)
and
its
biosynthetic
capacity,
with
respect
to
lipid
synthesis
(Chapter
3).
Finally,
ER-‐plasma
membrane
contact
sites
are
investigated
as
a
possible
second
route
of
cuticular
lipid
export
(Chapter
4).
While
the
frequency
of
contact
sites
is
not
correlated
with
cuticular
lipid
export,
it
remains
possible
that
lipid
trafficking
may
occur
at
these
sites.
Isolation
and
proteomic
analysis
of
these
membrane
sub-‐fractions
reveals
a
possible
role
for
ER-‐plasma
membrane
contact
sites
in
lipid
remodeling
or
recycling,
rather
than
cuticular
lipid
export.
Taken
together,
these
results
build
a
complete
model
of
cuticular
lipid
export
from
the
site
of
synthesis
to
the
site
of
lipid
accumulation.
|
| Genre | |
| Type | |
| Language |
eng
|
| Date Available |
2013-10-31
|
| Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
|
| Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
|
| DOI |
10.14288/1.0071949
|
| URI | |
| Degree | |
| Program | |
| Affiliation | |
| Degree Grantor |
University of British Columbia
|
| Graduation Date |
2013-05
|
| Campus | |
| Scholarly Level |
Graduate
|
| Rights URI | |
| Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
|
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Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International