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Treatment Approaches and Outcome Trajectories for Youth With High-Risk Opioid Use : A Narrative Review Westenberg, Jean; Tai, Andy Men Yeung; Elsner, Julie; Kamel, Mostafa M.; Wong, James S. H.; Azar, Pouya; Vo, Dzung X.; Moore, Eva; Mathew, Nickie; Seethapathy, Vijay; et al.

Abstract

Aim: First use of opioids often happens in adolescence and an increasing number of opioid overdoses are being reported among youth. The purpose of this narrative review was to pre-sent the treatment approaches for youth with high-risk opioid use, determine whether the lit-erature supports the use of opioid agonist treatment among youth, and identify evidence for better treatment outcomes in the younger population. Methods: A search of the literature on PubMed® using MeSH terms specific to youth, opi-oid use, and treatment approaches generated 1,436 references. Following a screening process, 137 papers were found to be relevant to the treatment of high-risk opioid use among youth. After full-text review, 19 eligible studies were included: four randomized controlled trials, nine observational studies, and six reviews. Results: Research for the different treatment options among youth is limited. The available evidence shows better outcomes in terms of retention in care and cost-effectiveness for opioid agonist treatment than abstinence-based comparisons. Integrating psychosocial interventions into the continuum of care for youth can be an effective way of addressing comorbid psychi-atric conditions and emotional drivers of substance use, leading to improved treatment trajec-tories. Conclusions: From the limited findings, there is no evidence to deny youth with high-risk opioid use the same treatment options available to adults. A combination of pharmacological and youth-specific psychosocial interventions is required to maximize retention and survival. There is an urgent need for more research to inform clinical strategies towards appropriate treatment goals for such vulnerable individuals.

Item Metadata

Title
Treatment Approaches and Outcome Trajectories for Youth With High-Risk Opioid Use : A Narrative Review
Alternate Title
Review of treatments for youth with opioid use
Creator
Westenberg, Jean; Tai, Andy Men Yeung; Elsner, Julie; Kamel, Mostafa M.; Wong, James S. H.; Azar, Pouya; Vo, Dzung X.; Moore, Eva; Mathew, Nickie; Seethapathy, Vijay; Choi, Fiona; Vogel, Marc; Krausz, Michael, MD, PhD, FRCPc
Contributor
British Columbia Centre on Substance Use; Provincial Health Services Authority (B.C.); University of British Columbia. Addictions and Concurrent Disorders Research Group; University of British Columbia. Institute of Mental Health
Date Issued
2021
Description
Aim: First use of opioids often happens in adolescence and an increasing number of opioid overdoses are being reported among youth. The purpose of this narrative review was to pre-sent the treatment approaches for youth with high-risk opioid use, determine whether the lit-erature supports the use of opioid agonist treatment among youth, and identify evidence for better treatment outcomes in the younger population. Methods: A search of the literature on PubMed® using MeSH terms specific to youth, opi-oid use, and treatment approaches generated 1,436 references. Following a screening process, 137 papers were found to be relevant to the treatment of high-risk opioid use among youth. After full-text review, 19 eligible studies were included: four randomized controlled trials, nine observational studies, and six reviews. Results: Research for the different treatment options among youth is limited. The available evidence shows better outcomes in terms of retention in care and cost-effectiveness for opioid agonist treatment than abstinence-based comparisons. Integrating psychosocial interventions into the continuum of care for youth can be an effective way of addressing comorbid psychi-atric conditions and emotional drivers of substance use, leading to improved treatment trajec-tories. Conclusions: From the limited findings, there is no evidence to deny youth with high-risk opioid use the same treatment options available to adults. A combination of pharmacological and youth-specific psychosocial interventions is required to maximize retention and survival. There is an urgent need for more research to inform clinical strategies towards appropriate treatment goals for such vulnerable individuals.
Subject
Opioid use; Adolescents; Young adults; Opioid agonist treatment; Narrative review
Geographic Location
Downtown-Eastside (Vancouver, B.C.)
Genre
Postprint
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2022-04-29
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
DOI
10.14288/1.0413795
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/81717
Affiliation
Medicine, Faculty of; Non UBC; Pediatrics, Department of; Psychiatry, Department of
Citation
Westenberg, J. N., Tai, A. M. Y., Elsner, J., Kamel, M. M., Wong, J. S. H., Azar, P., Vo, D. X., Moore, E., Mathew, N., Seethapathy, V., Choi, F., Vogel, M., & Krausz, R. M. (2021). Treatment approaches and outcome trajectories for youth with high-risk opioid use: A narrative review. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 1–14.
Publisher DOI
10.1111/eip.13155
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty; Researcher; Graduate; Other
Rights URI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Aggregated Source Repository
DSpace

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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International