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Immune infiltrates in the breast cancer microenvironment : detection, characterization and clinical implication Burugu, Samantha; Asleh-Aburaya, Karama; Nielsen, Torsten
Abstract
Although unlike melanoma, breast cancer is not generally viewed as a highly immunogenic cancer, recent studies have described a rich tumor immune microenvironment in a subset of breast cancers. These immune infiltrates, comprised cells from the innate and adaptive immune response, can be detected and characterized in biopsy specimens and have prognostic value. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent the majority of mononuclear immune infiltrates in the breast tumor microenvironment and can be easily identified in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissues after standard hematoxylin & eosin staining. High levels of TILs are most common in HER2+ and basal-like subtypes where they are associated with good prognosis and with response to certain therapies such as the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab. International collaborative efforts are underway to standardize the assessment of TILs so as to facilitate their implementation as a breast cancer biomarker. Using immunohistochemistry to further characterize TILs, recent reports describe the presence of important lymphocyte populations including CD8+ cytotoxic, FOXP3+ regulatory, and CD4+ helper and follicular T cells which have overlapping associations with prognosis and response to therapies. Moreover, recently identified immune checkpoint markers (PD-1, PD-L1) are present in some breast cancers, implying some cases might be especially amenable to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment strategies which are being evaluated in a number of active clinical trials.
Item Metadata
Title |
Immune infiltrates in the breast cancer microenvironment : detection, characterization and clinical implication
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Creator | |
Publisher |
Springer
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Date Issued |
2016-05-02
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Description |
Although unlike melanoma, breast cancer is not generally viewed as a highly immunogenic
cancer, recent studies have described a rich tumor immune microenvironment in a subset of
breast cancers. These immune infiltrates, comprised cells from the innate and adaptive immune
response, can be detected and characterized in biopsy specimens and have prognostic value.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent the majority of mononuclear immune infiltrates
in the breast tumor microenvironment and can be easily identified in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissues after standard hematoxylin & eosin staining. High levels of TILs are most
common in HER2+ and basal-like subtypes where they are associated with good prognosis and
with response to certain therapies such as the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab. International
collaborative efforts are underway to standardize the assessment of TILs so as to facilitate their
implementation as a breast cancer biomarker. Using immunohistochemistry to further
characterize TILs, recent reports describe the presence of important lymphocyte populations
including CD8+ cytotoxic, FOXP3+ regulatory, and CD4+ helper and follicular T cells which
have overlapping associations with prognosis and response to therapies. Moreover, recently
identified immune checkpoint markers (PD-1, PD-L1) are present in some breast cancers,
implying some cases might be especially amenable to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment
strategies which are being evaluated in a number of active clinical trials.
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Subject | |
Genre | |
Type | |
Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2021-06-15
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0398415
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URI | |
Affiliation | |
Citation |
Burugu, S., Asleh-Aburaya, K. & Nielsen, T.O. Immune infiltrates in the breast cancer microenvironment: detection, characterization and clinical implication. Breast Cancer 24, 3–15 (2017)
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Publisher DOI |
10.1007/s12282-016-0698-z
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Peer Review Status |
Reviewed
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Scholarly Level |
Faculty; Postdoctoral; Graduate
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Rights URI | |
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International