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Transporters at the Interface between Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Amino Acid Metabolism Hewton, Keeley G.; Johal, Amritpal S.; Parker, Seth J.

Abstract

Mitochondria are central organelles that coordinate a vast array of metabolic and biologic functions important for cellular health. Amino acids are intricately linked to the bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and homeostatic function of the mitochondrion and require specific transporters to facilitate their import, export, and exchange across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Here we review key cellular metabolic outputs of eukaryotic mitochondrial amino acid metabolism and discuss both known and unknown transporters involved. Furthermore, we discuss how utilization of compartmentalized amino acid metabolism functions in disease and physiological contexts. We examine how improved methods to study mitochondrial metabolism, define organelle metabolite composition, and visualize cellular gradients allow for a more comprehensive understanding of how transporters facilitate compartmentalized metabolism.

Item Metadata

Title
Transporters at the Interface between Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Amino Acid Metabolism
Creator
Hewton, Keeley G.; Johal, Amritpal S.; Parker, Seth J.
Contributor
Children's Hospital (Vancouver, B.C.). Research Institute
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Date Issued
2021-02-16
Description
Mitochondria are central organelles that coordinate a vast array of metabolic and biologic functions important for cellular health. Amino acids are intricately linked to the bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and homeostatic function of the mitochondrion and require specific transporters to facilitate their import, export, and exchange across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Here we review key cellular metabolic outputs of eukaryotic mitochondrial amino acid metabolism and discuss both known and unknown transporters involved. Furthermore, we discuss how utilization of compartmentalized amino acid metabolism functions in disease and physiological contexts. We examine how improved methods to study mitochondrial metabolism, define organelle metabolite composition, and visualize cellular gradients allow for a more comprehensive understanding of how transporters facilitate compartmentalized metabolism.
Subject
amino acids; transporters; solute carriers; mitochondria; compartmentalization; metabolomics; cytosol
Genre
Article
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2021-02-26
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
CC BY 4.0
DOI
10.14288/1.0395976
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/77397
Affiliation
Medicine, Faculty of; Other UBC; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of
Citation
Metabolites 11 (2): 112 (2021)
Publisher DOI
10.3390/metabo11020112
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty
Rights URI
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Aggregated Source Repository
DSpace

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CC BY 4.0