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Greater Nitrogen Availability, Nitrous Oxide Emissions, and Vegetable Yields with Fall-Applied Chicken Relative to Horse Manure Maltais-Landry, Gabriel; Nesic, Zoran; Grant, Nicholas; Thompson, Brianna; Smukler, Sean

Abstract

Optimal manure management can maximize agronomic benefits and minimize environmental impacts. Field experiments were conducted in the Pacific Northwest (Vancouver, Canada) to determine how chicken and horse manures that were fall-applied to meet nitrogen crop demand affect soil ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃ −), apparent net mineralization (ANM) and nitrification (ANN), crop biomass and nutrient concentration, and fluxes of nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). Relative to horse manure, chicken manure increased soil NH₄⁺ by 60-fold, ANM by 2-fold, and ANN by 4-fold. Emissions of N₂O (+600%) and CO₂ (+45%) were greater and growing season CO₂ emissions (−40%) were lower after application of chicken than horse manure. Productivity of cover crop (+30%), legume cover crop (−25%), and squash cash crop (+20%) were affected by chicken relative to horse manure. Overall, fall-applied chicken manure increased yields, N availability, and environmental impacts relative to horse manure.

Item Metadata

Title
Greater Nitrogen Availability, Nitrous Oxide Emissions, and Vegetable Yields with Fall-Applied Chicken Relative to Horse Manure
Creator
Maltais-Landry, Gabriel; Nesic, Zoran; Grant, Nicholas; Thompson, Brianna; Smukler, Sean
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Date Issued
2019-08-12
Description
Optimal manure management can maximize agronomic benefits and minimize environmental impacts. Field experiments were conducted in the Pacific Northwest (Vancouver, Canada) to determine how chicken and horse manures that were fall-applied to meet nitrogen crop demand affect soil ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃ −), apparent net mineralization (ANM) and nitrification (ANN), crop biomass and nutrient concentration, and fluxes of nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). Relative to horse manure, chicken manure increased soil NH₄⁺ by 60-fold, ANM by 2-fold, and ANN by 4-fold. Emissions of N₂O (+600%) and CO₂ (+45%) were greater and growing season CO₂ emissions (−40%) were lower after application of chicken than horse manure. Productivity of cover crop (+30%), legume cover crop (−25%), and squash cash crop (+20%) were affected by chicken relative to horse manure. Overall, fall-applied chicken manure increased yields, N availability, and environmental impacts relative to horse manure.
Subject
Nitrogen mineralization; Nitrification; Greenhouse gas; Squash; Rye; Clover; Cover crop
Genre
Article
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2019-08-23
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
CC BY 4.0
DOI
10.14288/1.0380577
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/71416
Affiliation
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of; Non UBC
Citation
Agronomy 9 (8): 444 (2019)
Publisher DOI
10.3390/agronomy9080444
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty
Rights URI
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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CC BY 4.0