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Will infant hepatitis B vaccination protect into adulthood? Extended Canadian experience after a 2, 4, 6 month immunization schedule Pinto, Michelle; Dawar, Meena; Krajden, Mel; Naus, Monika; Scheifele, David W.

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programs generally target infants to prevent chronic HBV infection and/or pre-adolescents to reduce transmission in adulthood. To assess whether infant HBV immunization can potentially accomplish both objectives we measured residual immunity 10-16 years afterward in Canadian children. Methods: A prospective, parallel group, single center study enrolled adolescents given HBV vaccine at about 2, 4, 6 months of age. Exclusion criteria included prior HBV infection and additional vaccinations. At follow-up anti-HBs testing participants were 10-11 or 15-16 years old; those possibly lacking protection (<12 mIU/mL anti-HBs with assay used) were challenged with HBV vaccine to assess immune memory-based responsiveness. Results: 137 tested participants were 10-11 and 213 were 15-16 years old, respectively; none had evidence of prior HBV infection. At baseline, 78.1% of younger and 64.3% of older participants had <12 mIU/mL anti-HBs (p=0.006) and were challenged with vaccine: 103/106 (97.2%) younger and 123/135 (91.1%) older participants developed ≥12 mIU/mL anti-HBs (p=0.06), with GMC of 590 (95%CI 473, 737) and 319 mIU/mL (95% CI 229, 445)(p=0.004), respectively. Immune memory loss may have occurred in 3 younger (2.2%) and 12 older children (5.6%) (p=0.06) who were non-responsive to first but not second vaccine challenge. Conclusions: After HBV vaccination at 2, 4, 6 months of age, most adolescents had little or no residual antibody but nearly all responded to HBV challenge, confirming immune memory persistence. However, anamnestic responses were weaker in 15-16 year olds and lost in some. Booster responses in 10-11 year olds were vigorous in comparison. Extended evaluation of protection is warranted.

Item Metadata

Title
Will infant hepatitis B vaccination protect into adulthood? Extended Canadian experience after a 2, 4, 6 month immunization schedule
Alternate Title
HBV protection 10-16 years after vaccination at 2,4,6 months; HBV protection after infant vaccination
Creator
Pinto, Michelle; Dawar, Meena; Krajden, Mel; Naus, Monika; Scheifele, David W.
Date Issued
2017-06
Description
Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programs generally target infants to prevent chronic HBV infection and/or pre-adolescents to reduce transmission in adulthood. To assess whether infant HBV immunization can potentially accomplish both objectives we measured residual immunity 10-16 years afterward in Canadian children. Methods: A prospective, parallel group, single center study enrolled adolescents given HBV vaccine at about 2, 4, 6 months of age. Exclusion criteria included prior HBV infection and additional vaccinations. At follow-up anti-HBs testing participants were 10-11 or 15-16 years old; those possibly lacking protection (<12 mIU/mL anti-HBs with assay used) were challenged with HBV vaccine to assess immune memory-based responsiveness. Results: 137 tested participants were 10-11 and 213 were 15-16 years old, respectively; none had evidence of prior HBV infection. At baseline, 78.1% of younger and 64.3% of older participants had <12 mIU/mL anti-HBs (p=0.006) and were challenged with vaccine: 103/106 (97.2%) younger and 123/135 (91.1%) older participants developed ≥12 mIU/mL anti-HBs (p=0.06), with GMC of 590 (95%CI 473, 737) and 319 mIU/mL (95% CI 229, 445)(p=0.004), respectively. Immune memory loss may have occurred in 3 younger (2.2%) and 12 older children (5.6%) (p=0.06) who were non-responsive to first but not second vaccine challenge. Conclusions: After HBV vaccination at 2, 4, 6 months of age, most adolescents had little or no residual antibody but nearly all responded to HBV challenge, confirming immune memory persistence. However, anamnestic responses were weaker in 15-16 year olds and lost in some. Booster responses in 10-11 year olds were vigorous in comparison. Extended evaluation of protection is warranted.
Subject
Hepatitis B; hepatitis B vaccine; childhood immunization; immune memory; seroprotection; long-term follow-up
Genre
Article; Postprint
Type
Text
Language
eng
Date Available
2018-07-01
Provider
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
DOI
10.14288/1.0357950
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63603
Affiliation
Medicine, Faculty of; Non UBC
Citation
Pinto, M., M. Dawar, et al. (2017). “Will Infant Hepatitis B Vaccination Protect Into Adulthood?: Extended Canadian Experience After a 2-, 4-, and 6-month Immunization Schedule.” The Pediatric infectious disease journal 36(6): 609-615.
Publisher DOI
10.1097/INF.0000000000001543
Peer Review Status
Reviewed
Scholarly Level
Faculty; Researcher
Rights URI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International