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Household Cooking with Solid Fuels Contributes to Ambient PM2.5 Air Pollution and the Burden of Disease Chafe, Zoë A.; Brauer, Michael (Of University of British Columbia); Klimont, Zbigniew; Van Dingenen, Rita; Mehta, Sumi; Rao, Shilpa; Riahi, Keywan; Dentener, Frank; Smith, Kirk R.
Abstract
Background: Approximately 2.8 billion people cook with solid fuels. Research has focused on the health impacts of indoor exposure to fine particulate pollution. Here, for the 2010 Global Burden of Disease project (GBD 2010), we evaluated the impact of household cooking with solid fuels on regional population-weighted ambient PM₂.₅ (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm) pollution (APM₂.₅). Objectives: We estimated the proportion and concentrations of APM₂.₅ attributable to household cooking with solid fuels (PM₂.₅-cook) for the years 1990, 2005, and 2010 in 170 countries, and associated ill health. Methods: We used an energy supply–driven emissions model (GAINS; Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies) and source-receptor model (TM5-FASST) to estimate the proportion of APM₂.₅ produced by households and the proportion of household PM₂.₅ emissions from cooking with solid fuels. We estimated health effects using GBD 2010 data on ill health from APM₂.₅ exposure. Results: In 2010, household cooking with solid fuels accounted for 12% of APM₂.₅ globally, varying from 0% of APM₂.₅ in five higher-income regions to 37% (2.8 μg/m³ of 6.9 μg/m³ total) in southern sub-Saharan Africa. PM₂.₅-cook constituted > 10% of APM₂.₅ in seven regions housing 4.4 billion people. South Asia showed the highest regional concentration of APM₂.₅ from household cooking (8.6 μg/m³). On the basis of GBD 2010, we estimate that exposure to APM₂.₅ from cooking with solid fuels caused the loss of 370,000 lives and 9.9 million disability-adjusted life years globally in 2010. Conclusions: PM₂.₅ emissions from household cooking constitute an important portion of APM₂.₅ concentrations in many places, including India and China. Efforts to improve ambient air quality will be hindered if household cooking conditions are not addressed.
Item Metadata
Title |
Household Cooking with Solid Fuels Contributes to Ambient PM2.5 Air Pollution and the Burden of Disease
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Creator | |
Date Issued |
2014-12
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Description |
Background: Approximately 2.8 billion people cook with solid fuels. Research has focused on the
health impacts of indoor exposure to fine particulate pollution. Here, for the 2010 Global Burden
of Disease project (GBD 2010), we evaluated the impact of household cooking with solid fuels on
regional population-weighted ambient PM₂.₅ (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm) pollution (APM₂.₅).
Objectives: We estimated the proportion and concentrations of APM₂.₅ attributable to household
cooking with solid fuels (PM₂.₅-cook) for the years 1990, 2005, and 2010 in 170 countries, and
associated ill health.
Methods: We used an energy supply–driven emissions model (GAINS; Greenhouse Gas and Air
Pollution Interactions and Synergies) and source-receptor model (TM5-FASST) to estimate the
proportion of APM₂.₅ produced by households and the proportion of household PM₂.₅ emissions
from cooking with solid fuels. We estimated health effects using GBD 2010 data on ill health from
APM₂.₅ exposure.
Results: In 2010, household cooking with solid fuels accounted for 12% of APM₂.₅ globally,
varying from 0% of APM₂.₅ in five higher-income regions to 37% (2.8 μg/m³ of 6.9 μg/m³ total)
in southern sub-Saharan Africa. PM₂.₅-cook constituted > 10% of APM₂.₅ in seven regions housing
4.4 billion people. South Asia showed the highest regional concentration of APM₂.₅ from household
cooking (8.6 μg/m³). On the basis of GBD 2010, we estimate that exposure to APM₂.₅ from
cooking with solid fuels caused the loss of 370,000 lives and 9.9 million disability-adjusted life years
globally in 2010.
Conclusions: PM₂.₅ emissions from household cooking constitute an important portion of
APM₂.₅ concentrations in many places, including India and China. Efforts to improve ambient air
quality will be hindered if household cooking conditions are not addressed.
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Genre | |
Type | |
Language |
eng
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Date Available |
2015-10-24
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Provider |
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
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Rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Canada
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DOI |
10.14288/1.0074697
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URI | |
Affiliation | |
Citation |
Chafe ZA, Brauer M, Klimont Z, Van Dingenen R, Mehta S, Rao S, Riahi K, Dentener F, Smith KR. Environ Health Perspect. 2014 Dec;122(12):1314-20. Epub 2014 Sep 5.
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Publisher DOI |
10.1289/ehp.1206340
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Peer Review Status |
Reviewed
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Scholarly Level |
Faculty
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Copyright Holder |
Environmental Health Perspectives
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Rights URI | |
Aggregated Source Repository |
DSpace
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Item Media
Item Citations and Data
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 Canada