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David Conde fonds
International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Trial press releases, ephemera and related documentation
Conde, David W.
Ephemera (50 items)
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J a f t l ® p i l n i藥籍 I s -て t 碧 駕 露 i s s濃： i l l fim^m .iiMM ダ. r . . 舞 £ い * f • * もン 峰 > » 4 r i ’ i i ！ に 秦 ， ‘ ズ -K へ ， ふ if-ゃ m 敞そ ぃt うパ Sr-'み J i ； 、 一 4 H n りf .•レ.•• へ く 海: 急豫 5 暴 リ t/ 、 ^ ^ ^ t む ふ i i K i i . . . THE IRE TER E ·ST Sl .101 T DECL R TIO · · , · . Declaration was unanimously adopted, thereby ushering in a new' epoch for Greater East Asia and the world. · . ' • • • . MAINICHI SHIMBUN-SHA The Epochal 'Greater East The 5-Point Joint Declaration which was unanimously adopted on the second day of the Greater East Asia Congress, November 6, 1943, after full and earnest deliberation on the subject of the successful prosecution of \ the Greater East Asia War and the establishment of · Greater East Asia, was: * * ' * It is the basic principle for the establishment of world peace that each nation of the world has its proper place, and enjoys prosperity in common through mutual aid and assistance. The United States and Britain have, in seeking their own prosperity, oppressed other nations and peoples. Especially in East Asia, they indulged in insatiable aggression and exploitation and sought to satisfy their in- ordinate ambition of enslaving the entire. region, and finally they came to menace seriously the stability of East Asia. Herein lies the cause of the present war. The countries of Greater East Asia, with a view to contributing to the cause of world peace, undertake to cooperate toward prosecuting the Greater East Asia War to a successful conclusion, liberating their region from the yoke of British-American domination, and ensuring their self-existence and self-defense, and in con- structing a Greater East Asia in accordance with the following principles: • 1. The countries of Greater East Asia, through mutual cooperation, will ensure the I G. T HE five guiding principles of the joint Declaration which the Greater East Asia Congress adopted are ( I) co-existence and co-thriving, (2) independence and harmony, (3) cultural enhancement, (4) economic pros- perity, and (5) contribution to the progress of the world. Unlike empty slogans and worthless promises that usually characterize . the agenda at confer- ences of the anti-Axis camp, the joint Declara- tion of the Greater East Asia Congress refers -either to fait accompli or what the participating nations are absolutely confident of accomplishing. What is more, every item set forth by the Declaration is strictly in conformity with the ethical conception of East Asia; what they ex- pound, instead of being exclusive, are applicable anywhere in the world at anytime, wherein IJt:s the historical significance of the great doctrine. The realization in full of all these guiding principles wiTT mean the definite arrival of a new era to Greater East Asia once and for all. They herald the liberation of East Asians from the age-old fetters of Anglo-American aggression. II Co-Proaperity Principie The principle of co-existing and co-thriving, · which is the head and front of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere, is the starting point as well as the ultimate goal for the establishment of the New Order in East Asia. The distinct departure of East Asians is that they will be given their right places in the sun where they can live happily and contentedly by helping one another in a good neighbor spirit, and where they will not have to worry about others taking unfair advantage to rob anyone of his legitimate dues. This principle, which is based on an ethical conception, is absolutely incompatible wi~h the old order clung tenaciously to by the United States and Britain who unhesitatingly perpetrat· F ed graft and fraud in order to advanc;:e their own interest$. The construction of Greater East Asia de- mands as a prerequisite, spontaneous readiness on the part of all to share joy or pain, life or death, which only will make joint efforts at construction and defense possible. Manchoukuo and the Na- tional Government of China have already de- monstrated the value of unselfish devotion to the common cause. Independence And Harmony The creation of Manchoukuo as the sequence of the Manchurian Incident, the rebirth of the National Government of China in the - midst of the China Emergency, · and the independence of Burma and the Philippines made possible by the Greater East Asia War are Nippon's answers to the question of liberating East Asians. Full-fledged independence of any state de- pends mut:h on external circumstances, asidt; from the intrinsic stamina of an independent nation itself. In the Greater East Asia Co- prosperity Sphere, no real independence is pos- sible unless the -state is backed in full by the people. -In connection with the Greater East Asia Con- gress, all conferees solemnly pledged to respect the sovereignty ·of one another and extend any and all aid for the development of neighboring states. This differs diametrically with the exclusive and highly clannish independence conception manifested h¥ the principle of the self-determina- tion of races expounded during the Versailles Conference. The nations in Greater East Asia will establish and maintain their independence based on the new world ideology of co-thriving and harmony. Cultural Enhancement East Asia has its own psychic culture which stands in a class by itself. and of which all East \ c TION- Asians may justly be proud. No Occidental can approach the exquisite depth and mysticism latent in East Asia culture. Had not the Britons and Americans put a crimp in its path, Oriental cul- ture would have by now attained even higher niches. Fortunately, cultural attainments not being physical, Britons and Americans and the Dutch have not been altogether successful in utterly destroying them. Hereafter, positive zeal will be shown jn all regions for developing traditional culture and to encourage the creative traits of all peoples. Economic Proaperity Nippon's capitalism in attaining the- highest standard has gone a long way toward making the countiy what it is today. She has nothing to concede to the United States and Britain in that connection. The- neighboring nations in East Asia, how- ever, because they were reduced to a colonial or semi-colonial status by Britain and America, are somewhat lagging behind in their economic development. Positive efforts will be made hereafter to eject the exclusive economy of the Anglo- American school and place the economy of all nations on a self-sufficing basis. Also, ways will be open for ~dequate interchange of goods. World Progreaa The New Order of East Asia and stability thereof, forming a link of the world New Order and world peace, is far from being cliquish. Without the New Order in East Asia there can be no New Order for the world. · In that . connection, Nippon's Hakko lu (universal _concord) doctrine is as just as it is equitable since it proposes to let all peoples have their right places in the sun. One can readily see that the realization of all these will contribute materially toward the prog~ess of the world. Asia Joint Declaration' stability of their region and construct an order of common prosperity and well-being based upon justice. 2. The countries of Greater East Asia will ensure the fraternity of nations in their region by respecting one another's sovereignty and independence, and practising mutual as· sistance and amity. 3. The countries of Greater East Asia, by respecting one another's traditions and develop- ing the creative faculties of each race. will enhance the cttlture and civilization of Greater East Asia. 4. The countri(!s of Greater ·East Asia will endeavor to accelerate their economic de- ' clopment through close cooperation upon a basis of reciprocity and to promote thereby the genera] prosperity of their region. 5. The countries of Greater East Asia will cultivate friendly relations with all the countries of the world; work for the abolition of cultural intercourse, and the opening of resources thereby to the progress of mankind. racial discrimination, the promotion of throughout the world; and contribute -DElEGATES TO T The names o the representatives, associates. and observers to the Greater East Asia Congress held in Tokyo on November S and 6. 1943, were as follows: NIPPON Representative: His Excellency General Hidt>ki T ojo, Prime Minister. Associates: His Excellency Admira! Shige- taro Shimada. Navy MiniSter; His Excellency Mr. Kazuo Aoki. Greater East Asia Minister; His Excellency Mr. Mamoru Shigemitsu, Foreign Minister; His Excellency Mr. Naoki Hoshino. Chief Secretary of the Cabinet; His Excellency Mr. Eiji Amau, President of the Board of In- formation; His Excellency Mr. Shun-ichi Matsu- 'moto. Foreign Vice-Minister; Hi~ Excellency Mr. Kumaichi Yamamoto. Greater East Asia Vice- Minister; His Excellency Mr. Shin-ichi Kami- mura, Director of the Political Affairs Bureau of the Foreign Office; His Excellency Major-General Kenryo Sato, Director of the Military Affairs Bureau of the War Office; His Excellency Vice- Admiral T akazumi Oka, Director of the Navill Affairs Bureau of the Navy Office; and His Ex- c.dlency Mr. Shimpei Takeuchi. Director of the General Affair5 Bureau of the Greater East Asia Office. Representative: His Excellency Mr. Wang Ching-wei. President of the Executive Yuan. Associates: His Excellency Mr. Chow Fo-hai, Vice-President of tlie Executive Yuan; His Ex- cellency Mr. Chu Min-yi, Foreign Minister; His Excellency Lieut.-General Chen Chang-tsu, member of the Military Council and Aide-de- Camp to the President; His Excellency Mr. Chow Lang-soang, Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan; and His Excellency Mr. Hsueh Feng-yuan. Deputy Secretary-General of the Executive Yuan. THAILAND Representative: His Royal Highness Prine~ Wan Waithayakon. representative of the President of the Council. Auociates: His Excellency Major-General Chai Prathipasen, Minister of Stale acting for the Foreign Minister and Secretary-General of the Council of Minister; His Excellency Mr. Sit Sitsayamkan, Under-Secretary of State for For- · eign Affairs; His Excellency Mr. Wisut Anthayuk. Director-General of the Eastern Political Depart- ment of the F.oreign Ministry; .Mr. Chao Wong- sanuwat Thcwakun, First Secretary of the For- c.gn Ministry; and Major At Chareonsin. MANCHOUKUO . Representative: His Excellency Mr. Chang fhing-hui, Premier. Associates: _ His Excellency Mr. Li Shao- keng, Minister of Foreign Affairs; His Excellency Mr. Wang Yun-ching, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary; His t:xcellency Mr. Akira Ohe, Director of the Political Bure<m of the De- partment of Foreign Affairs; His Excellency Mr. Masuo Matsumoto, Secretary of the State Coun- cil; Mr. Kao Pai-kun, Secretary of the State Council; Mr. Cheng T ui-kai, Secretary in the Department of Foreign Affairs. PHILIPPINES Representative: His Excellency Dr. jose P. Laurel, President. Associates: His Excellen .v Mr. Claro M. Recto. Foreign :vlinister; His. Excellency Mr. Quintin Paredes. Public Works i!nd Communica- tions Minister, Dr. jose B. Laurel. member of the National Assembly and Private Secretary to the Pr~sident. BURMA · Representative: His Excellency Dr. Ba Maw, Premier. Aswciates: His Excellency U :Tun Aung. Mini~ter for Corporations; His Excelbncy Dr. Thein Maung. Ambassador Extraordinary and ·Plenipotentiary; His Excellency U Shwe Baw. Foreign Secretary; U Nyun Han. Social Secretary to the Head of the St<>te; and Lieut.- Colonel Bo Y an Naing. Military &crctary to the Head of the State. PROVISIONAL GOVT . OF· FREE INDIA (Observers) His Excellency Mr. Subhas Chandra Bose. Head of the Provisional Government of Free India. His Excellency Lieut.-Colonel j. K. Bhonsl~ Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command. Minister Without Portfolio; His Excellency Mr. A. M. Sahay, Minister Without Portfolio and Chief of the Cabinet Secretariat ; His Excellency Lieut.· Colonel D. S. Raju. attached to the Supreme Com.nand: and Mr. A. Hassan. Priv;,fto :'f'cre· tary to His Excellency Mr. Subh1ts Chandra B~e. II ~ THE GREATER EAST ASIA CONGRESS NOVEMBER 5, 1943, will go down in the history of the .Greater E.ast Asia nations as a nevet·-to-be- for.;otten day, for on that day the Greater East Asia Congress opened in the Diet building, Tokyo. It was the day of days dreamt by East Asians from generation to generation but ne~·er before realized-a family gathering of independent East Asia nations. This day will probably mean more to them than any other day, save possibly December 8. 1941. The Imperial War Rescript .definitely eluci· dates that the Empire of Nippon rose resolutely in arms against the United States and Britain in order to preserve and_ liberate Greater East Asia. What a change has come ove~:, Greater East Asia within scarcely two years after the outbreak of the war! In the last I 0 months, the change has been particularly not~eahle. Simult~neous with the National Government of China's rising in arms on January 9, 1943, the ' Imperial Nippon Government introduced a dis- tinct departure in its China policy, marking a new epoch in Sino-Nippon relations. Later, Burma proclaimed her independence. Indonesians and other indigenes in the zone of plenty in the South have been enabled to take part much in their own administration. Thailand has incorporated additional territory into her domain . The Philippines has attained her inde- pendertce. The Provisional Government of Free India has been inaugurated and has won recognition from many stales. The Sino-Nippon Pact of Alliance was concluded on October 30. As the result, the construction of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere has assumed more definite shape than ever before. Liberation Now Fait Accompli The liberation of East Asians is now ·t fait accompli. The time has come for the East Asians tG assemble like so many family members in a perfectly friendly atmosphere and with the spirit of mutual neighborly aid, so as to talk further about the prosecution of the war and pushing the constructi~n of the vast sphere. What is more natural for the billion inhabi- tants of Greater East Asia than to have a family gathering? That is what has prompted them to sponsor the Greater East Asia Congress in Tokyo, which got under way amid worldwide attention. 1ST DAY Joint Declaration Adopted; Support Given Indian Indepen- dence; Transfer Of Andaman And Nicobar Islands To Azad Hind Government Promised. Sphere in accordance with the; Hakko lu ( univer· sal concord) spirit and expressed the determina· tion to prosecute tlie Greater East Asia War to a brilliant finish. Delegate Wang. of China, who spoke next, likewise expressed the conviction and determina- tion of his Government and people in regard to the preservation of Greater East Asia on the-basis of live-and-let-live. fi.R.H. Wan Waithayakon, Thai representa- tive, emphasizing the political consolidation in Asia,-advocated the further consolidation of rela- tions between Nippon and Thailand. which are based upon the Nippon-Thai Pact of Alliance, and stated that the fundamental way to bring eternal prosperity to Greater East Asia lies in mutual respect of independence and sovereignty. The conferees entered a recess at 1 1.30 a.m., partaking of luncheon in the dining room of the building. The session was reope11ed at I p.m. Premier Chang of Manchoukuo, Presideut · Laurel of the Philippines, and P remier Ba Maw of Burma in the order named expressed th;!ir convictions and determination in regard to the prosecution of the war and construction of the Co-prosperity Sphere. all with unquenchable fervor. The first day session adjourned at 4.30 p.m. 2ND DAY Incorporating the will of the !-billion inhabi- tants of the area, the conferees to the Greater East Asia Congress at its second-day session op November 6, unanimously adopted the historic Greater East Asia Joint Declaration. The second-day session continued to be held al the Diet building as was the case on the open· ing day and hegan at I 0 a.m. Prime Minister Hideki T ojo, Nippon delegate, submitted a meas- ure to which repr;!sentatives of various nations expressed their sincere views. A recess was 1.!1cn taken. The . conference was r;!opened at 12.40 p.m. when Prime Minister T ojo submitted a draft .de- claration based · on what all the delegates pro- pounded on the opening day, and it was approv- ed with one voice, signifying the formal adoption of the- Joint Declaration: It was then 1.05 p.m. F ~om the galleries, the proceeding was watch- ed by Imperial Household Minister T suneo Matsu- daira; Dr. Yoshimichi Hara and Admiral Kantaro Suzuki, President and Vice-President, respective- ly, of the Privy Council; Baron Reijiro Waka- t~uki, Prince F umimaro Konoe, General Nobu- yuki Abe, Admiral Mitsumasa Yonai, and Koki Hirota, all ex-Premiers. Count Yorinaga Matsudaira, President ot the House of Peers; T akahiko Okada, Speaker of the House of Representatives; Governor Shigeo Odachi of Tokyo Metropolis; Hachiro Arita and Dr. Tadao Yamakawa, advisers to the Foreign Office; HeiRrich Georg Stahmer, German Ambas- sador and other Axis diplomats; and Nippon and foreign newspapermen. • Premier Ba Maw of Burma, immediately after the Greater East Asia joint Declaration was adopted, specially addressed the Con- gress, expressing his readiness to support Indian independence. In response to this, Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provisional Government of Free India, expresse'd his firm determination of attain- ing independence, also expressing his gratitude. Prime Minister T ojo suddenly made an important statement, promising the transfer of Andaman and Nicobar Islands to Free India, following which the Prime Minister delivered closing remarks. President Wang of the Executive Yuan of China then delivered an address of thanks, to which Prime Minister T ojo replied, bringmg the historic Congress to a close at 3. I 5 p.m. Before the• appointed time of I 0 a.m. on Nov- ember 5, 1943, General Hideki Tojo, Nippon delegate; President W aug Ching-wei of the Execu· tive Yuan of the National Government and the Chinese delegate; H,R.H. Prince Wan Waithaya,- kon Thai delegate; Premier Wang Ching-.b.ui. Ma~choukuo delegate; President Jose P. Laurel. Philippine delegate; Premier Ba Maw, Burmese delegate; and Subhas Chandra Bose of the Pro- visional Government of Free India (as an ob- server) and members of their parties assembled at the hall of the Congress. HIGHLIGHTS OF DELEGATES' ADDRESSES -On lat Day, Nouember 5, 1943 - At 10 a.m.. all the delegates and members of the delegations assumed their seats. Prior to the opening of the parley, Chinese 1 Delegate Wang provisionally assumed the chair- manship, proposing that Premier T ojo of Nippon Prime Minister Tojo Of Nippon be selected as chairman of the Congress. H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand seconded the motion. Premier T ojo was un· animously chosen chairman of the Congress. Congreas Formally Opens General T ojo, assuming the chairmanship, formally declared the opening of the Congr5~· The general, addressing the gathering in the ~apa­ city of the Nippon delegate, explained the steps the Imperial Government has taken to date re- garding the construction of the Co-prosperity II The address of His Excellency Prime Minister General Hideki Tojo, the repre- sentative of Nippon, before the Greate1· East Asia Congress: A S llw representative of ' the sponsor nation, I have the pri\·ilege to extend to you the sineere greetings of the Nippon Government and to make a statement of their views. - Some time a).(o, the Nippon Governme'nt pro- posed the convening of a Greater East Asia Con- gress for the purpose of holding frank delibera- tions on policies relative to bringing the Greater East Asia War to n Sll<'<."essful conclusion and to constructing a New Order in Greater East Asia. This proposal, I am happy to say, met with hearty approval on the part of all the cquntries concern- ed, and it is with a sense of great pleasure and profound gratitude th:tt today at this gathering I hid welcome to Your Ex1·elleneies as representn- tives of the nations of Greater ~ast Asia . I am also happy to say that this Con)!ress is honored by the presen<'e of His Ex<'ellency, the lle:uJ of the Prn'l'isionid Government of Free India . During the past eenturies, the British Empire, through fraud :tnd aggression, acquired vast ter- ritories throughout the world and maintained its domination over other nations ~d peoples in the \':trious regions hy keeJ)ing them pitted and en- gaged in eunfli<-t om· against another. On the other hand, the United States which, by taking ad\"antage of the disorder and confusion in Eu·· I"Ope, had established its sup.remacy over the Amer- i<'an <·unlitwnts, sprt·ad its lt•ntadt·s to the l'a<·ific an<! tu East Asia fullnwing its war with Spain. Amenca a Imperialistic Activities Prime Minister General Hideki T ojo of Nippon addressing the Greater East Asia Congress on the opening day. Then, with the opportuniti<!~; afforded h~· the First World \\'nr, the Cniled Stales begun to pur- sue its ambition fur world hegt•numy. More re- <'ently, with the oulhrt·ak of the present war, the relations with Nippon, an act tantamount l'nited States further intensifiw its imperialistic to war. a<'tivities and made fresh inroads into North At the aa- ti-, they auamentecl their Afri<'a, \\'est Afrka, the Atlantic Ocean, Austra- military preparations in East Asia in an effort lia, the Near East, and even into India, apparent- to force Nippon's aubminion. ly in nn attempt to usurp the place of the Brit- Despite such an nttitude on the part of the ish Empire. United States and Dritain, Nippon, in her desire The need of upholding international justice and to prevent wnr from spreading into I•:nst Asin, of guarante<•ing world p<·aee is habitually stress- encleavnred to the last to find a 1<olution by peace- eel by America and Britain. They mean thereby ful negotiation. no more and no Jess than the preservation of a However, the United States and Britain, not worltl ortler of their own, based upon division and only failing completely tl• manifest an attitude eonflid in :Europe and upon the perpetuation ul of reflection and mutual conce811ion, but intensi- their coloninl exploitation of Asiu. 'fhey sought fylng in11tend their threats and pressure, endnn- to renlixe their inordiunte nrnbitlons in Asia gered the very existence of our nation. tflrough pollth'al netgression nnd economic exploit- Cballen~re A~rainat E. Asia Accepted ation; they brought on conflit•t among the vari- ous peoples; and they tried to dc8troy their racial Nippon at last was compelled to rise in self- intcJlrity under the fair name of education and defense and to fight for her existence, and thus culture. Thus, they have to this day threatened she ac<'cpted the challenge that was hurled against constantly the existt,nc·e of the nations and peo- East Asia. Staking her national fortunes, Nip- ples of Asia, disturbed their stability, and sup- pon m:trched forth to hattie in order that per- prt•ssed their natural and proper development. manent Jll"ace mif1;ht he establistted in East Asia. It is he<•ausc of their notion to regard East With the outbreak of the Greater J<:ast Asia Asia as 11 c·ulony that lh<·y harp upon the princi- \V1ir, the Imperial Army and Navy fought with pies of the upcn door ami equal opportunity sim- heroic coural-(e under carefully-laid plans and ply as a c·onvcnient m<•aus of pursuing their sinis- within less than hnlf a year expelled Amerka and ter desi~tns of aggression. Britain from the entire re~tion of F.ast Asia. The While constantly lieepins their own terri- various countrie10 of Greater East Asia have either toriea closed to ua, the peoples of Asia, thus declnrcd war to fight with us, or are closely co- den,yin~r ua the equality of opportunities and operating for the prose<·uli•m of the war to a impedin~r our trade, they aousht solely their successful condusion. Totlay, the nrdor and en- own proaperity. thusiasm of the peoples of Greater East Asia have The Anglo-Ameti(an ambition of world hcge- spread throughout our region. With mutual trust mony is indeed a scour!(e of mankind and the root !!.nd harmony lllnong our natio~, we are valiant- • of the world's e\'ils. ly marching forward together to se<·urc our exist- Movements for cmandpation have occurred ence and to establish permanent stabilit\' in Great- from time to time among the nations and peo- er J<:ast Asia by crushing the counte~-offensives pies of East Asia, but due to ruthless and tyran- of America and Britain. nical armed oppression hv Amerka and Dritain, It ia my belief that for all the peoples of or due to their malicious old trkk of division and Greater East Asia the present war ia a deci- alienation for ruling other race;;, these patriotir aive struggle upon whose outcome depencla efforts ended largely in failure. their rise or fall. It ia only by winnins Meanwhile, Nippon's rise in power and pres- through this war that they may ensure for- tigc was looked upon by America and Drltnin with ever their existence in their Greater East increasing dislike. Tf1e~· made it the cardinal point Asian home and enjoy common prosperity and of their East Asia polic~·, on the one hand, to happinen. rcstrnin Nippon at every turn 1111d, on the other, Indeed, a suc<'essful conclusiOn of this . war to alienate Jler from the other countries of East means the completion of the very task of l'on- Asia. It was obviously unwise for them to per- structing the New Order of Greater East Asia. mit either the rise of any one country as a great • The United States and Britain mav natural- power or the handing together of various nations ly repeat their counter-offensh•cs :1gai~st Great- and peoples. These American and British rncthorls er East Asiu with all their material might upon hecamc more ancl more sinister and high-handed, which the~· rely, hut we, the nations nf Greater esp('(·ially in the last se\'eral years. East Asia, must sumuHm up our total strenl!'th to For example, they made a tool of the Chiang repel these atbcl'ks. \\·e must deal out <"rushing Kai-shek regime and so aggra\'ated Nippon-China blows to our enemy and thereby finish the war relations as to lead to the unforhmnte China vidoriously nnd sc<·ure in East Asia an enclurinp: Emergency. Furth'1fmore, they resorted to every peace and stability. possible means to obstruct a settlement. i\t this niomcnt, Nippon is carryin;~ out extcn- Following the outbreak of the present war sive operations from her position of strategical in Europe, they interfered with free commerce advantuf;e acquired by her early \'i<'tories in the under the pretext of wartime necenity and war. ~en resorted to the severance of economic On the home front, the internal structure, in parallel with these operations, has been steadily improved. }<~specially through the recent reorgan- ization it has been so adjusted as to meet fully the needs of decisive warfare. ller 100-million people with but a single mind, with a firm con- viction in sure vi<'tory~ and with an inflexible fighting spirit arc marchin~ forward to triumph in this great war. I firmly belie\'e that the other Greater East Asiatic nlltions, whom you reprt.sent here are also .grimly resolv,•d to shatter the <·ounlcr~offen­ si\'eS of their age-old enemies, Amerka and Bri- tain, by throwing their full weight into the field in concert with the Nippon nation and therehy to secure lasting stability for Greater East Asia. Construction Of Greater East Asia Next, it is my desire to express to you the fundamental views Qf the Nip110n Government re- garding the construction of Greuter East Asia. It is my belief that to enuule all nations each to have its proper plnce and to enjoy the blessings of common prosperity by mutual <·fforts and mutual help is the fundamental condition for the establishment of world peace. And I must fur- theruwre say that to practise muhwl help amnng closely related nations in one re~tion, fostering one :mother's national growth and establishin!( n re- lationship of common prosperity and well-bc•ing, and, at the same time, to cultiv:tte r<"lations of harmony and concnr<l with nations of other re- gions, is the must efft>ctive :tnd the most pra!'tiC"al method of securing world peaC"e. It ia an incontroYertible fact that the nations of Greater East Asia are bound, in e•ery respect, by ties of an inseparable rela· tionahip. I firmly believe that, such bein~r the case, it ia their common miaaion to secure the stability of Greater East Asia and to construct a New Order of common prosperity and well- bein~r. This New Order nf Greater East Asia is to rest upon the spirit of justice which is inherent in Greater F.nst Asia. In this respel't it is funda- mentally different from the olcl order designed to serve the interests of the United States and Britain who do not hesitate to practise inju!otiec, <lt·<·ep- tion, and exploitation in order to promote their own prosperity. The constru<'tion of Greater East Asia is being realized with grim steadiness ilf the midst uf war. Britain's Opprenion Of India In contrast, what are America and Britnin doing in lndia? Britain's oppression of India grows in sen!rity with every passing day. .More re('ently, .'\merit-a's ambition has asserted itself, and discord and frictiol) between Dritain and Amcri<·a, on the one hand, and the Indian masses, em the other, are ueinjl.' aggravated; and the Indian people nrc being sub,i<'c·ted to indescribahlo• hard- ,;hips and tribulations. The famine of unprecedented nut!(nitude, \', itich such n situation recently brought about in India, has even been admitted by Dritain and 1\rnrrica. All patriots of India arc imprisoned, while the in- nocent masses arc starving. This is a world trasedy--a calamity of all mankind. The peoples of Greater East Asia can neYer let it go unattended. Happily, Mr. Subhns Chandra nose n·spo'l<led Ill .. His Majesty Honors Congress Delegates His Majesty the Emperor on Novem- ber 4 graciously received at the Imperial Palace President Wang Ching-wei of the National Government of China, H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand, Premier Chang Ching-hui of Manchoukuo, Dr. Jose P. Laurel, President of the Re- public of the Philippines, and Premier Ba Maw, Head of the Burmese State, who are all visiting Nippon to attend the Greater East Asia Congress as the repre- sentatives of their respective countries. Simultaneously, a banquet was given by His Majesty for the delegates of the five nations within the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere in accordance with His Majesty's gracious Wish to encourage the delegates in person. On this day, the delegates of the five nations successively proceeded to the Imperial Palace shortly aft~r 11.25 a.m. Guided by masters of ceremonies, they proceeded to the Nishi T amari- no-Ma. His Majesty the Emperor. accompanied by to the call of the hour and with him rose the Indian patriots both within and withcut their country. Thus was the Provisional Government of Free India created and the foundation of Indian in- dependence laid. The Nippon Go,•ernment have already declared to the world that they will extend every cooperation and assistance for the indepen- dence of India. By no logic and reason could America and Britain possibly reconcile what they advocate under the so-{·alled Atlantic Charter with what they are actually doing in India. Out we are not even surprised at the contradictions hetwef'n the beautiful signboards which the~· put up and the evil designs whkh they harbor within. 'Ve know too well that decention nnd cnm.ouftal!'e constitute their vf'ry nature. · llnwf'ver, rep:ardless of what the enem~· may do, :SiJ'pon is deterutined to follow, to{!:ether "'itl• the other n:ttions of Greater F.ast Asia, the path of ju~<ticc-, to cleli\·er Greater r-:m.t Asi:1 from the ft'lters of America nnd Hritain and, in cooperation with hf'r neip:hhor natior.s. to strive toward tht' re- construl'tion :md development of Greater F.ast .\sin. Tod:ty, the unity of the countries nnd Jlf'OJllf's nf Grf'ntt'r F.nst Asi:• has het'n nchie,·ed and they h:n't' f'mha rked upnn the p:lp:antic enterprise of ronstrm1:inJ! Gre:ltt'r f:11st Asia for the <'0111111on prnspf'rity uf all n11tinns. This surely must he re- garded as tht' j!'rnnd••st 'l'e••t;trlc- of human rlforl in modern times. As rc-j!'arcls the ~ittwtion in Europe, wr a•·r very glad that our ally, Germany, has still fnrther soliditied her nntional unity nml, with com·iction in sure victory, is advanrinJ!: to crush the United Statt'.o; and Brit:~in and to construct a new Europe. The Greater East Asia Wnr is truly a war tn destruy ('\(il and to makt' justil·t• manifest. Ours is a ri~thtcnus cause. .Justice knnws nn enf'my and we are fully convinced of our ultimate victory. Nippon, by O\'ercoming all difficulties, will dn her full share to complete the construction of Greater East Asia and ('Ontrihute to the establish · ment uf world pe:H'I' whic·h is the common mission of us all. ~-...........__.............__.. ................................... --.-~ ~ Pres. Wang Ching-Wei ~ ~ Of China ~ ~ .... --................................ - ................................ --.-........ ......,.,n The highlights of the address hy His Excel- lency President Wang Ching-wei of Chiim: T HE convening of the Greater Ea&t A~ia Con-gress in the capital of our ally, Nippon, is 1111 evrnt of grt':tt signific:IIH'C in tlw history of the world . British and American aggression in East .\sia began 100 years ago. Today, in this grave period, officials closely attending His Majesty, appeared in the Phenix Hall at 11.50 a.m. and graciously received President Wang Ching-wei of the Na- tional Government of China. President Wang respectfully proceeded before His Majesty guided by a master of ceremonies and expressed greeti11gs on his current visit. His Majesty graciously granted words to President Wang and shook hands with him. President Wang then introduced to His Majesty Chow F o-hai, Vice-President of the Executive Yuan and concurrently Finance Minister, an'd Chu Min-yi, Foreign Minister. His Majesty likewise shook hands with them. His Majesty then received four other delegates. H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon introduced to His Majesty Chai Prathipasen, Minister of State. Premier Chang of Manchoukuo introduced to His Maje~ty Foreign Minister Li Shao-keng. President Laurel likewise introduced Claro M. Recto. Foreign Minister, and Quintin Paredes. Minister of Public . Works and Communications, President Wane it is onlv by virtue of the military poU"er of Nip- pon and upon her str~ngth-·-political, economic, and cultural-that we can, for the first time, check the ac:c:ressh·e :uuhitinns of ,\meri<'a and Britain. prese~,:e East Asia, and prevent those two ('Qtm- tries from dominating this part of the world. ltecentl~·, with the outbreak of the Greater Ea~ot Asia 'Var, the aggrcssh-e influence of the l'nited States and Britain ha~ been cxpe!led, and their militarv and naval bases in rhe ea~tern Paci- fl•· and in u;e South Sens re~rion h:IVe been eithf'r drstrnyed or OCCUJJied. 1 Furthermore, with a view to se•·uring the com- mon pro~perity and well-being of the nations and peoples of East Asia, on a ba~is· of the Oriental ~11ir:t nf justice. X-ippon has undertaken to assist their inclcpcndencc and aulonomy, and to enable them to realize their respective posts, to display their fullc~t efforts, .1nd to 5hare in the responsibil- ities for bringing the Greater East Asia 'Var to a successful conclusion, lhns completing the task of constructing Greater East Asia. For such noble and .crand aims, and for such brilliant achievements, I w:sh to pay to Nippon my highest respects. Abo, I wish to expren my sincere reapecu to Manchoukuo and Thailand, with whom we enjoy am:cab!e relations, as well as to newly risen Burma. the Philippines, and Free India, all of whom, with inflexible determination and inspired ef- forU, are doing their shar:e in the Greater East Asia War and in the construction of Greater East Asia.. Throughout his life, it was the a~piration of Or. Sun Yat-~en, the Father of. the Chinese Re- publk, to liberate China and ~:ast Asia from the fetters of American and British domination and to realize complete independenre and autonomy. And it wus with such aSJ'irations that he continued his struggle for .J.O long ye:1 rs until his den tli. while Premier Ba Maw introduced U Tun Aung. After granting gracious words and shaking hands with them, His Majesty retired from the hall. At 12.30 p.m., His Majesty appeared in the Homeiden to grant a banquet to the delegates. H.I.H. Prince T akamatsu was present at the banquet. Wang Yun-ching, Manchoukuo Ambassador. Tsai Pei, Chinese Ambassador. Thein Maung, Burmese Ambassador, and Thavi Tavedikul. Thai Charge d'Affaires, were also invited. Imperial Household Minister Matsudaira, Lord Keeper of Privy Seal Kido, Grand Master of Ceremonies Matsudaira, and ·others closely attending His Majesty, in addition to Prime Minister General T ojo, Navy Minister Ad- miral Shimada, East Asia Minister Aoki, and For- eign Minister Shigemitsu were permitted to at- tend the function. Following the banquet, tea was granted at the Peony Hall by His Majesty. Highly honored, all retired from the Imperial Palace at 2.05 p.m. At the time of his death he left to bis dis- ciples a \\ill, commanding them to carry on the struggle for the emancipation of China. Wlwt is most unfortunate is that fallowing the death of Dr. Sun, when his desires remained still unful- filled, Sino-Nippon relations did not see an 1• im- provement, but became more ngg,·avated.' ('ul- minating in the outbreak of the China Emergency in July, 1937. Because the relations between Nippon and China broke down, America and Britain, consider- ing this a golden opportunity, m~neuvered for the t>xtension and prolongation of the conflict by caus- ing further ill feelin g and division between the two countries. \\·e, the followers nf Dr. Sun. were distressed to see his will remain unfulfilled nnd the relations between Nippon and China deterio- rate from day to day. We were almost at the point of despair when. fortunately, the Nippon Govenunent announced their nolicv to terminate the incident as soon as possibie and also made clear that the ailll of Nippon <lid not lie in the downfall of China but in her ri~e, that Nippon expected China to share in the tnsk of reconstructing East Asia, that Nip- pon wM determined to assist Chinn, and that Nip- pon looked forward to the realization of China's . tlesire tg recover her full snvereip:nty nnrl in- detlendence. In this declaration of Nippon's true intention~. we saw hope for an amicable adjnstnll'nt uf Sino- Nippon relations ami for the fullilment of thr will of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Accordin!!'ly, we :uhised tlw abandonment of resi~tance nnd the restoration of [H!<tce to the Chunf!!king regime. But because they would not listen, we had no choice but to csca1•e from Chungking and carry on hy oursch·e, our movement for pea•·e. National Govt. Returns To Nanking Thus, the National GO\·ernment returned lo Nanking to exert their utmost efforts in workinp: proper)~· and elfecth·ely for Sinn-:Sipron •·ollahor<t- tion nnd for the construction of a new Easl Asia. As I have said before, the United States and Britain made constant efforts to cause friction and division between Nippon and China in order to extend and prolong the China Emergency. These efforts were further intensified after the return of the National Government to Nanking, the United States and Britain taking all possible measures to buttress Chungking's resistance and to prevent peace. It is a fact well known to nil that following the outbreak of the Greater East Asia War, the United States and Britain. because of the collapse,of their influence in East ASin. utilizecl Chungldnl!' more thnn ever ns a tool for checking Nippon. 'Ve say with confidence that all such machina- tions will soon end in failure. Why? Because the military and civil leaders of Chungking and the general ma~ses of the people under that regime are all believers in the teachings of Dr. Sun, ami because, since January 9 of this ye;~r, Nippun has taken sm·•·essive steps retroceding her con{'ession' and relinquishing her extraterritorial rights; and especially, the re-cent Pact nf .\lli:m•·•· ha~ re- Premier Chanl placed the Sino-Nippon Basic Treaty and all the documents annexed thereto. The Great Asia Doctriue propounded by Dr. Sun has already borne fruit. Cbungkins's Awakenins Is Coming I can po.!;iti\·e!y state that the day of Chung- king's awakening is ine\'itably coming. At this most important juncture, the National GO\·ern- ment, in accordance with thtir fixed policies, are redoubling their efforts, on the one hand, to urge the Chungking leaders to awaken and return to Nanking so as to consummate national unifica- tion and, on the nther, to set up a model zone in the area under their control. This prog!'am lays stress on the following three points: First, purification of tbousbt; second, · guarantee of peace and order; -d third, pro- duction increase. Purification of thought is intended to liqui- date thoroughly Anglo-American indivi-dunlistic· and dilitarian ideas and replace them with the ethical spirit of the Orient in order that the peoples of East Asia may regain their proper status through East Asiatic awakening and strive with one mind and one virtue for their common prosperity and welfare. As to the guarantee of peace and order, it means that China will maintain pence and order in the rear lines of the Greater East Asia "'ar so ns to free the officers and men of her ally in the fighting lines from any anxiety about the home front. And then, she will go a step further by sending her own troops to the front Jines to share, e\-en to a small degree, the har-dships and priva- tions of Nippon's fighting forces. r The increase of production aims at augmcntmg China's strength for a decisive total war with em- phasis laid on the economic and financial piRns. Economy of consumption and utilization of waste are also included in the plan for production •n- crease. Tl1ese three points form the backbone of the National Government's program for coopera- tion toward the prosecution of the Greater East Asia War. The meaning of this war of construction whlch the National Government have learned b,· ex- perience is this: · China is to band together with her fellow na- tions in a fraternity of East Asiatic nations, bound by common aspirations and resolvetl to share the bitter and the sweet, to live or die toJXether, so that without, she may help defeat America and Britain, our common enemies, shatter their aggressive in- fluences, and frustrate their aggressive designs, and within, do her full part in the construction of East Asia with ceaseless industrv and resolute courage. In the Greater East Asi~ War, we want victory; in the con;;truction ot Greater East Asia, we 'i\·ant common prosperity. Should Love Eaat Asia All the nations of East Asia should love their own countries, Jove their neighbors, and love East Asia. Our motto for China is resurgence of China and defense of East Asia. When China has aained independence and autonomy, then can she sh~ulder her share in the responsibilities for the defense of East Asia; when the defense of East Asia has been secured, then will China's independence and au- tonomy be guaranteed. It is incumbent upon us, <therefore, to make our own countries not only dependent and autonomous, but also a powerful factor in East Asia. Inasmuch as all the nntions of East Asia have each its own unique charncter, it is necessary to safeguard their independence and autonomy, on the one hand, and to respect one another's independence and autono- my, on the other. The triple successes achieved by Nippon in prr.- serving her own culture, in promoting Oriental culture, and in assimilating world culture command our profound respect. l confidently believe that the newly risen notions will make strenuous efforts to go forward in a similar manner. 'Ve, the Chinese nation, muat concentrate on Ute revival of our culture. H .R.H. Wan Waithayakon Of Thailand The highlights of the address by H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand: • • • H IS MAJESTY'S Government have been happy to accept the invitation of the Nippon Gov-ernment to take part in the present Greater East Asia Congress because His Majesty's Go• ern- ment are convinced that this Congress will produce results most beneficial to the prosecution of the Greater East Asia 'Var to its final conclusion as desired, as well as to the permanent and ever- prospering establishment of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. Hi,; Excellency Field Marshal P. Phibun Song- lfhram, His Majesty's President of the Council of Ministers, however, !!:reatly regrets that he is un- able to nttcnd the Congress in person since the state of his he•lltllo does not at present p~rmit SliCh a long journey to Tokyo. He has therefore en- trusted me with the duty of representing him in this Congress. Territory Abundant In Wealth In truth, Greater I<:ast Asia is a territorv abun- dant in wealth; it has natural resources and indus- trial localities capable of development so as to make this sphere co-prosperous in accordance with the principle of self-sufficiency. The Nippon Empire had, accordingly, followed the policy of establishing a Co-prosperity Sphere, abiding by the idenl of -Hakko Ichiu, the union into one f•unily on the basis of justice, righteous- ne$s, and peace, and harl adopted peaceful means in the execution of this policy, such as in the case of the dispute between French Indo-China and Thniland, in which, in order to establish a friend- ship between the two countries on a basis free from resentment due to the loss of national ter- ritory, Thniland had requested the return from France of <:ertain parts of the lost tcnitory, the Nippon Government kindly consented to mediate so that an agrcelnent based on justice was reached. Will Never Forget Nippon's Favor The Thai people will never forget this t'avor on the part of Nippon. The pursuance by Nip- pon of her policy by peaceful ,means did not, how- ever, meet with· success because of various ob- structive obstacles put up by the United States of America nnd Great Uritain. Consequently, the Grentcr East Asia War had perforce to break out, and the great and glorious victories achieved by the !mp<!rial Nippon nrmcd forces fill the peoples throughout Asia with joy, for therein lies the hope of the peoples of Grt>ater East Asia to be able to establish on a solid basis the Co prosper:ty Sphere in this. region. Thailand, a country which had maintained close relationship with Nippon for several hundred years with tics of friendship that have progressively grown tighter and firmer, has well undcr.stood the high purJ>ose of Nippon, and His Majesty's Gov- ernment, under the leadership of His Excellency the President of the Council of Ministers, have immediately cooperated as an ally of Nippon, ns shown by the Pact of Alliance concluded with one another with, as its important object, the establish- ment of the Co-prosperity Sphere in Greater East Asia and the total elimination of the evil influences which staml a'> obst.Lcles in the achievemt·nt of this atm. ()Q Baais Of Mutual Respect The principles laid down in that Pact are ( 1) th.e establishment of an alliance on the basis of mutual respect of each other's independence and soverei~nty and (2) the rendering of mutual as- sistance with all the politi<-al, economic, and mili- tary means at each other's command. Militarily, the Thai armed forces have joined with the Nippon Army in fighting with bravery and stubborn en- durance, achieving the desired success. They are now prepared to make sacrifices for the further · conduct of the war till final success is attained. Economically, Thailand is alread~· cooperating fully with Nippon, and the requests she makes of Nippon for assistance in this respect is limited only to what is necessary for the maintenance of her economic power in order to conduct the war to a victorious conclusion. . Moreover, Thailand has also promoted her national culture so that the Thai pedple may be inspired with a united and H.R.H. Prince w- Waitbayakon vigorous stren,gth of mind for the henefit of tlw prosecution of the war, and has concluded a Cul- tural Agreement with Nippon so that the spirit of the two nations may be bound in close coordination. The spirit is the special feature jnherent in the culture of Asia, and it is this strength of mind that wiiJ constitute one of the most important fac- tors in bringing about victory in the war. Politically, the friendly relations between Thai- land and Nippon are in u condition of the closest cordiality, having mutually a good understanding of one another. The Nippop Governmc:-nt are large-hearted in sympathizing with Thailand in her aspirations to recover Thai's lost territories and to unite the strength of the people of the Thai race. The Nippon Government have, therefore, con- cluded a treaty rc:-cognising the incorporation into Thailand of the four States in Malai and the two St;~tes in the Shan region. This bears witness to the fact that Nippon does not only respect the indepenclence and sovereignty of Thailand, but also promotes the solidarity as well as the increased power of Thailand. The Thai Government and the Thai people are mcst deeply and sincerely grateful to the Nippon Government and the Nippon people. Now that Greater East Asia is no longer a mere geographical name but u Co-prosperity Sphere on a firm basis, the great task before all the Greater East Asiath: n:1tions is to cooperate with one an - other in the conduct of the war till absolute suc- cess is '.1chievcd, each· nation contributing all the strength at its command for the permanent estab- lishment in the joint interest of all of the Co- prosperity Sphere. . As for the relations between the Greater East Asiatic nations and the other countries in the world, whether in general nmity, in commerce or in culture, reliance should be made on the same principle, more particularly on the p1·inciple of respect for independence and sovereignty, and that of reciprocity. This will help to make the peace of the world solid and secure. ~-.t"J"J"J"J"J"JOJ".t"J".t".t".t".t".t".t".t".t".t".t".t"J".t".t".t".t" ..... ~ \ ~Premier Chang Ching-Hui~ ·L ......... ~L!~~~~~~~u .. J The highlights of the address by His Excel- lency· Premier Chang Ching~hui of Manchoukuo: • • • I 1' affords me gr~at pleasure to have this oppor-tunity today of meeting the heads of the Gov-ernments of Greater East Asiatic \ nations and of exchanging views in plain words anli with great hopes even though 'it be in the midst of a fateful war of unmitigated severity. Since the commencement of the Greater East Asia Wnr, Nippon has achieved magnificent results unparalleled in the annals of war ancl succeeded thereby in defeating and driving out A"merica ancl Britain, who, for long years, had encroached upon East Asia and victimized it in order to maintain their prosperity. , It is within less than two years that 'Burma and the Philippines have regained their indepen- dence, and the other peoples of Enst Asia, c:-ach rediscovering its true self and occupying its proper place, are facing the future with hope. • They are recovering their vitality of which they had been robbed by the insatiable greed of Anglo-Saxon imperialism. The _ fervent aspiration toward em-clpation which bad II and believe that they were our enemies and not our friends and brothers. These, in my opinion, are the reasons why the peoples of Greater East Asia have not been a:ble to unite and band together for the purpose of dis- cussing, as I have said, the common problems affecting their security, their prestige, and their very honor. I was, Your Excellency, very deeply touched the first time that the Representatives of the par- ticipating countries \\ere asked to partake of Your Excellency's hospitality. As I entered your recep- tion room, tears flowed from my eyes and I felt strengthened and inspired, and said, "One Billion Orientals; one billion peoples of Greater East Asia! . How could they have been dominated, a great portion of them, by particularly England and America? I wonder!" And so ' it is reallv with the utmost pride and satisfaction that I hav~ come to represent a small republic like the Philip- pines and extend m.y greetings to Their Excel- lencies who have come in response to the invita- tion of the illustrious leader of the Great Nippon Empire. 3 Magic Words Co-existence, co-operation, and co-prosperity, if I may be allowed to say so, are the three words, the three magic words, which underlie the sacred cause championed ll\· the Great F.mpire of Nippon and subscribed to b·~, the other peoples und nations of the Greater East Asia Co- prosperity Sphere. To enable the peoples and nations of Greater F-ast Asia to enjoy the natural right to live, th(' Great Empire of Nippon is sacrificing life and property, and is staking even her very existence in this sacred war. She is fighting not for the Nippo1 ese alone but for all the peoples of Greater ~ast A!.ia, Nippon \\"ill not .be happy, 1 know, to hve alone and see her brethren in East Asia die. She wants to live, it is true. At the same time, however, she wants her brother Orientals to alsn live, and to co-exist with her. Nippon lives, China lives, Thailand lives, Man- choukuo lives, Burma lives, India lives, the Philip- pines lives. And all of us lh•ing, we shall endeavor to achieve, not alone the prosperity of China or any . other nation or integral unit, but the pro- sperity of all and working together in the achieve- ment of the means nccessarv for national ex- istence. cooperate with each o.ther-cooperate for the establishment of a spher e of common pro- sperity, no longer to be dominated bv 'Vestern powers, but occupyfng a rightful place· under the sun, with peoples happy under their own respec- tive laws and institutions, weld('d together into a compact and solid bloc nnd contributing to the happiness :~nd well-being, not of Asia and Asiatics only, but nlso <md as well of the entire world. Oriental Culture His Excellency the Prime Minister enjoins upon us nil mutually to respect one another'~ glorious traditions and to develop the creative spirit and genius of our peoples and thereby en- hanre even more the culture of Greater East Asia This spiritualization, this effiorcscencl' of cul- tural supremacy of the Oriental type, i:; some- thing that we shall not only con!"eive and preserve and transmit us a herihge to generations yet un- born but as a basic idea, as it does coming from the lips of His Excellen<'y, sl,ould be planted deep in the hearts of all Orientals, especially those coming from a country, which, unfortunately, as YJeak and small as mine had languished long under the domination and influence of nwterialistic 'Vest- trn Powers, under Spain for more than 300 years, and under America for ·tO vears. And that is the reason why this spiritualization of the people, par- ticularly of my country, is neces$ary. Indeed, ,,.e the lcaclcrs of our respective coun- tries should rcnon1tc and change our entire educa- tion:tl systems so that onr peoples mny feel, think. and act as Orientals. That is perh:tps the best way of helping the Nipponc~c obtain the spirituali- Mtion- of all the peoples of Greater East Asia. All Depends On Nippon's Victory It is needless for ·ne to say anything a·bout the military aspect here. That is taken for granted because we cannot enjoy our freedom-neither Burma nor the Philippines can enjoy the freedom that has been granted to tl•em for any length of time-unless Nippon's arms emerge victorious in the current war. :\lay I be pern1itted, Your Excellency, on this occasion to pledge my support and ~he support of my people to Your Excellency, rna)· I offer and pledge also to their Excellencies, the Representa- tives of different conntrie$, the sympathy and co- operation of my country, however small and how· ever newly born it may be, and our desire to lend at least the encouragement and sympathy of IS- million Filrpinos who, dominated by a spirit of nmterialhm in the past, in keeping with the general trend of events, have awakened to the con$cious- ness of their true Oriental character and are called Premier Ba Maw upon to play the role which God in Hea\·en ha~ assigned to them. Your Excellency, it has been 1ny privilege to join this conference with one single purpose in mind and that is: to contribute in a small measure to the general awakening of the peoples of our part of the globe. At the same time, I desire to express officially the gratitude and appreciatoin of the Filipino people for lhe great boon of indepen- dence which has just been granted to them and which has enabled me to come and attend this con- ference and meet the worthy representatives of the peoples of Greater East Asia at this august Congrss. Hope Eli',PJ'e&~ed For Future May I express the hope, Your Excellency and Gentlenten, that, linked together as we are, not only in body and in spirit but in all that is needed for the successful prosecution of the current war, after the termination of this .war in favor of the Great Empire of Nippon, no longer shall we have a bleeding China, a country inhabited by 500- million divided and exploited Orientals, but a happy and united China which will be a decisive factor, in cooperation with Nippon, in trying to muke this part of Asia a safe place for Orientals to Jive in. When the time comes for us to close onr eyes and go to our graves, we can do so hap- pily, knowing that our children no longer would be exploited and dominated by 'Vestern powers. May I also express the hope that no longer shall India, now under the able and inspiring leadership of Mr. Bose, be dominated and divided religiously and politically by the British; no longer shall India's 350-million strong be subje.cted to the influence, tyranny, and oppression of Great Britain, or any other po,,·cr for that matter. The East is the cradle of human civilization. It has given to the West its religion and its cul- ture, and yet the \Vest has used the same ci\'iliza- tion to exploit the peoples and countries from whence that civilization came. God in His infinite wisdom will not abandon ~ippon and will not abandon the peoples of Greater East Asia. God will come and descend from Heaven, weep with us and glorify the cour<~gc and bravery of our peoples, und enable us to liberate o1.11·selves and to make our children und children·~ 1·hilclren free, happy, and prosperou~. 1 thank you. · ~~~l 01 Burma ~ V"J" .......... .,.,..,J' .............. .J".•J-.-.· .. ......,. ........ ~ The highlights of the address by Premier Ba Maw of Burma: ·1 T is with some diffidence thnt I am addressing- the Congress. On <Jn occasion like this it is only JHitur~l thnt there should he just onr thought in our minds, Our words 11111~· be many. but our thoug-ht is one, one thought arising fro111 one mind, one will, one objective. Only a few years back, the Asiatic peoples seemed to have liv~d il) :~nother wurlll, (;.ven in different worlds, divided, estran!red, and not know- ing each other or even caring to know each other. Asia as a homeland did not exht a few years ago. Asia was not one then, but many, as many as the enemies which kept her dh·ided, large part5 of her following like a shadow one or another of these enemy powers. In the past, which now seems_ to be a very long time ago, it was in- conceivable that the Asiatic peoples should meet together as we are •neeting here today. Well, the impoasible bas happened. lt baa happened in a way wbicb outstrips the bold- eat fantasy of dr~am of the boldest dream· er amoug ua. Today, an East Asiatic Congress is s1ttmg in the capital . of East Asia. Thus, a new world - has come into existence, a new order a new citizenship. ' For the 6rst time in history, the East Asiatic peoples are meeting together as members of a free and equal brotherhood which is founded and consecrated upon the truth that East Asia is one and indivisible. !t ia Nippon, as the leader of the East wbo La. led ua out of the long wilderness i~ wbicb 110 many of us have for so long wand· en:d lost and unredeemed. To her, all East As•a owea much and all East Asia, I am per- fectly certain, will gladly repay her much. I say th~t today's meeting is a great symbolic act. As H1s Excellency the chairman has said. ~ve _are truly. creating a new world based upon JU~b~e, equah~y, and reciprocittta upon the great prmc1ple of hve and let live. From· every point of view, East Asia is u world in itself; materially, self-sufficient and even ric? to overflowing; strategically, strong as a rock wh1ch can defy all enemies; spiritually, one and complete representing an entire world of its own. We Asiatics forgot this fact for long centuries and paid heavily for it, and as a result the Asiatic lost Asia. , Now that we have once !nore, thanks to Nip- pon, recaptu,red this truth and acted upon it, the Asiatics will certainly recover Asia. In tha.t simple truth lies the entire destiny of Asia. Bitter Price For Lesson I a.n speaking now as one coming from a country which has learned this lesson at a great price. Many countries and peoples have paid this , bitte:" price for the lesson. Burma paid the P,rice heav!ly to an enemy who never knew either mere,· or justice. · We are still ~aying the destrueftOri in- • The day has at last eome when 0111' strength is not only the strength of 16-million Bunneae, but the strength of a thousand million Eaat Asiatica, that 110 long as East Asia is strong, Burma is strong and invincible. I have spoken of East Asia as a whole, but the fact is East Asia is not yet a whole. We must admit that the circle still remains incom- plete; there al'e still gaps in it here and there. At this moment I am thinking particularly of India. No one can think of the East without thinking of India. There is no need at all for me to give reasons for this. I have often said that there cannot be a free Burma without a free India. I will go further now and boldly declare that there rannot be a free Asia without a fret- India. India is the prmory :md treasure-house, the foothold of nnti-A2ia tic aggression in Asia. The al!grcssors must therefore he driven out of India, wi"th her endless treasures and resources, her man-power. her material t>ower; these. re- sources of India must be vested from the hands of the enemv. That is 'why I am confident that you will join me in expressing quite definitely the view that Indian independence is an integral part of Asiatic independence and, therefore, . India's strug- p;le is Asia's struggle, our struggle, our way. I now come to the present East Asiatic War and East Asiatic order. There is hardly anything I can add to what has already been said by the.> other representatives. I will, however, put it quite categorically. For us, this war cannot be anything else than imperative. Either East Asia wins this war and lives, or she loses and dies. It is quite literally a matter of life or death. There is no other alternative. It is a war for the very existence of East Asi~ and her peoples, for her independence and peace and" prosperity for a thousand years. A thousr.nd million East Asiatics standing to- gether t·an win any ,,·ar or any peace. As all the representatives have emphasized. eac'• one of us, all thP. individual nations must also travel their own way, move in their own orbit, nnd make ourselves strong in their own countries. 'V"e mu~t ma],c ourselves good Asiatics, goorl neigh- bors, by primarily being goocl c-itizens of our own countries. As I have 'said more than once, a stron:r Burma is Burma's best contribution to East Asia. Burma's strength will be the strength of East Asia and so also the ~trength of Cluna, Thailand, Manchoukuo, the Philippines, and last but not least, India. And the strength of all these separate countries, moving, working, and cooperating in a free and equal world of their own. Burma, as I have said, will continue to be an East Asil\tic front-line and to fi;::ht this ~ar as East Asiatics for East Asiatics. She, at the same time, naturally expects the other East Asiatic rnuntries to do the same. I The Burmese in history have always proved themselves to be p:reat fighters. I can assure you that they are still possessed of great fij!htinp: qualities. Two yt'a~s ago. our Burmese boys fought without arms. They had to kill an enemy tn JZet a gun and they did it. Today, the war morale in Burma is strong and unbroken. Kothing will e\·er break it, for every Burmese knows he is fighting for everything he holds dear. Past history shows that whenever the Asiatic peoples came together, whenever they found unity and leadership, they were able to march anywhere, e•- to the world's encl. • Again and again in history the Eaat baa marched against ita eftemiea and destroyed them. _It was only in times when -Asiatics forgot Asi<t that thev broke before the enemy. But now, thanks to the Great Nippon Empire, we have dis- covered onre more that we are Asiatics, dis- covered our Asiatic blood, and it .is this Asiatic blood which will redeem us and give us. back Asia. Let us, therefore, march ahead to tlie end <.· • our road, a thousand million East Asiatics march- ing into a new world where East Asiatics will be forever free, prosperous, and will find at last their abiding home. Transfer Of Aridaman And Nico·bar Islands To Government Of Free India Is Promised The highlights of the address by His Excel- lency Premier Ba Maw of Burma on the second day of the Gre·ater East Asia Congress in which he called attent~on to the Indian question follow: • N OW that the main business of the Greater East Asia Con-gress has concluded, I wish to draw your attention to a <"Ollateral ques- tion which has followed us constantlr like a shade~w. It is the Indian question. His Excellency, the Head of the Provisional Government of Free India, is _present among us as a guest. His presence is sufficient to endorse whatever statement I may make on this question. Burma is in a peculiar position to speak on - On 2nd Day. November 6, 1943 - the Indian question. For generations the Burmese and Indians had to carry on the same struggle. Most of you will not understand the real meaning of my words. It was a struggle against the most powerful, the most merciless, the most predatory power in the world. It was a struggle between men and guns. Needless to say, every time the guns won. The men rose, but the guns crushed them every lime. And it was in those battles, it was at the time of bitter struggle against odds of the most uverwhelming character, that I learned to be ~L realist, to know that \l·hatever we may say of philosophy, of right and wrong, of this, of that, the ultimate decisive factor i~ force . I am proud to say that my countty rose a-gainst the en.erny ap:ain and again. But every rising was nushed with guns. As I happened. to tell an Englishman in England, it is easy to keep 16- million unarmed people down with p:uns. 1 told him that if they ,:cave me the guns, if they ga1·e me <t force of 100,000 men armed with guns, I cnuld keep the \1 hole of Britain down. But, as it happened, the guns were in their hands and not in ours. That, in short, is the substance of the common struggle that India and Burma had to carry on. And out of this struggle, out of the fires of these constant revolutions men rose, great men, selfless men, leaders who dedicated their lives and careers, everything they possessed, to the cause of their motherland. Among these great patriots, patriots who _have gained world recognition, is one whom we now have as a guest here, Mr. Subhas Chandra Bose. I am perfectly certain that the story of Subhas Chandra Bose is known to all of us, how that lw symbolizes the resurgent, the revolu1ionary spirit, of India, that great tra.gic country which, although terribly toru and divided, yet remains unbroken. And we must all be glad to know that Mr. Snbhas Chandra Bose is now with us, prepared to carr~· on the same struggle, but now no Ionp:er alone but with n thousand million East Asintirs behind him. I will emphasize the fact thnt there cannot be a Free Asia without a Free India. I am speaking quite literally. For 100 years Great Britain pur- sued her colonial policy in Asra with Indian strength, Indian resources, from Aden in the West, right down to Singapore and Hongkon~t in the East. It wu with Indian man-power and re- 11011rcea that Great Britilin built her nat pre- datory empire; it is with the same weapons that she defends it every time it is threatened. His Majesty· 1 nm speaking from Burmese experience, for my own country collapsed before the British who, accordin;; to their traditional policy, fought the Burmese with Indian troops. They fought and won Burma with Indians just as they have fought every war with the fighting strength of our coun- tries. This war too, they will fight to the last Russian, and Frenchman, and American, and Indian, while Brit~in, according to her traditional policy, will stmin as little as possible her own people and resources. And following her policy consistently, she came to Burma, saw and con- quered Burma with Indian strength. As I have said, she did this everywhere, for always India was her Asiatic stronghold, the center from which her empire radiated across Asia both to the right and to the left. India has really maintained British imperialistic power and has been the in- strument of her colonial policy. To Tea Party At Imperial Garden At Shinjuku Drive British Out Of India! That is why· you will understand me when 1 S!lY that if we wish to destroy that predatory empire, if we wish to destroy the anti-Asiatic im- perialisms, we must ·drive them out of their Asiatic stronghold which is India. The British Empire cannot be broken until and unless the British domination of India is broken. I will not say more; this is not an occasion for words. The great Indian leader who will follow me will. I am sure, state the Indian case with his usual clarity and force, and so, as I have said, these remarks of mine are just introductory, just to propose to this Congress that we do here solemnly declare that we give our complete sup- port to the cause of India's independence, to His Excellency Subhas Chandra Bose who, as the Head of the Provisional Government of Free India, is pursuing that cau~e and getting ready for the dilY when he and his Indian Independence Army will march into Delhi and redeem India. Subluul Clumdra Bose Head Of The Provisional Govt. Of Azad Hind (Free India) ~~~~~~''·~-~~-~~~~~~~~~ The highlights of the address by His Excel- lency Subbas Chandra Bose, Head of the Pro- visional Government of Azad Hind (free India) follow: • • • His Majesty the Emperor was pleased to in- vite the representatives, associates, and observers attendinl) the Greater East Asia Congress to an Imperial tea party given at the Imperial Garden at Shinjuku on November 6 at 3.30 p.m. Those accorded the honor of being invited were President Wang Ching-wei of the Executive Yuan of the National Government of China, H.RH. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand, Premier Chang Ching-bui of Manchoukvo, Presi- dent jose P. Laurel of the Philippines, Premier Ba Maw of Burma, and Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provisional Government of Free India, and associates and observers. Ambassa- dors of various countries were also invited. and today, the panorama of the world's history passed before my mind's eye. My thoughts went back to the many interna· tional congresses and conferences held during the last 100 yea-rs and more.- My thoughts went back to the Congress of Vienna in 1815 after the downfall of the Napo- leonic Empire, to the Congress of Paris in 1856 ON behalf of the Provisional Go,•ernment of after the Crimean War, to the Congress of llerlin Azad Hind, allow me t.o express my warmest in I8l'8 after the Russo-Turkish' War in the Sal-thanks for the honor and the favor shown kans, to the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919 It• me nnd to my colleagues in allowing us to at- at the end of the last World 'Var, to the Wash- tend ~his hi~toric Congress as observers. ington Conference held in 1925 for ingeniously I am particularly grateful to Your Excellen- binding the hands of the German people, once and cies for the sympathy that you have expressed so - for all. generously in your speeches and also for the as- My thoughts also went back to the Assembly surance of cooperation and support that you have of the League of Nations, that League of Nations given us for the future. along whose corridors and lobbies I spent many I want further .to express my profound thanks a day, knocking at one door after another, in the for the Resolution moved by His Excellency the vain attempt to obtain a hearing for the cause of Representative for Burma which has heen heartily Indian freedom. and unanimously adopted by the House. This Resolution, I assure you, Your Excel- lency, will travel far heyond -the walls of this stately mansion and will bring hope, encourage· ment. and inspiration to millions and millions of my countrymen groaning under the heel of British oppression, while it will also strike terror in the hearts of all those who have a guilty conscience. 1 am bltrc that we of the Provisional Govern- ment of Atacl Bind and all those who und.er the leadership of our Government will launch the last struggle against Anglo-American imperialism, will now go to war against our sworn enemy with the consciousness U1at behind us stands rtot only the invincible might of NippOP" but also the united will and grim determination of the emancipated nations of l~ast Asia. Your Excellency, as 1 was sitting, listening to the.. proceediugs of this august Congress yesterday And as I !'at · listening to the proce~dings of Kabukiza Visited At the invitation of the East Asia and Foreign Ministers, various representatives to the Greater East Asia Congress visited the Kabukiza theater, Tokyo, on November 1 at 7.30 p.m .• together with Prime Minister c~neral T ojo, Navy Minister Shimada, East Asia Minister Aoki, Foreign Minister Shigemitsu, Finance Minister Kaya, and . Education Minister Oli:abe. . They saw Kabuki performances by sqch ·noted Kabuki actors as Kosbiro Matsumoto, Uzaemon lchimura, and Kikugoro Onoe. . The . party was specially attended hy H.I.H. Pnnce T akamatsu by the gracious Imperial ·Wish. · Attending the party from the Nippon side were Prime Minister General T ojo, Imperial Household Minister Matsudaira, Lord Keeper of Privy Seal Kido, Navy Minister AdmiraiShimada East Asia Minister Aoki, Foreign Minister Shige~itsu, Presi- dent Amau of the Board of Information and Nippon officials connected with the Congre~s. The representatives, associates, and observers, as well as those permitted to attend the party, ~e~e. granted refreshments on the lawn in the VlCmlty of the Shotentei structure within the garden and enjoyed to their hearts content the fragrant chrysanthemum Sowers until nearly 5 p.m. w:u..- .......,_.:uw t~is historic Congress, I began to wonder what the difference was between this Congress and similar ~onferences that the world's history has witnessed an bygone days. .. ~our Excellency. this is not a conference for ~v1ding the spoils mnong the conquerors. This •s. n?t. a conference for hatching a conspiracy to VJcbmJZe a weak power, nor is it a conference for U>:in~ ~o _defraud a weak neighbor. · This JS a Congress of liberated nations a ~ogress that is out to create a New Orde; in this pcut of the world, on the basis of the sacred aid and assistance. I do not think that it is an accident that this ~~gress has been convened in the Land of the Rismg Sun. This is not the first time that the world has turned to the East for light and guidance. At- tempts to create a New Order in the world. l1ave been made before and have been made elsewhere but they l:Jave failed. 'l'hey have failed becaus~ of the selfishness, , avarice, and suspicion in those who had to play a leading role in the creation of a New Order. It is, therefore, in the fitness of things and in conformity with historic precedent that the world should once again turn to the East for light. Leading Role Played By Nippon Your Excellency, I believe that history hns ordained that in the creation of a new, free, and prosperous East, the Government and people of Nippon .should play a leading role. Tbia role for the Covernmeut and people of Nippon was carved out by -history as early as 1905 wheu, for the 6rat time, an Aaiatie nation' stood up to resist Western aggression. As I have often said, I still remember how, as a child, I and millions of my countrymen and mil- lions of Indian children were then thrilled with joy and enthusiasm over events happening so far away from home and I am sure that that was the experience not only of the Indian people, not only of Indian children, but of Asiatic peoples all over the world. Ever since then, Asiatic peoples have been dreaming of a united Asia and a free Asia. And we in Jn(Ua since 1905 have also been -dream- ing of a free and united Asia. Since then, and particularly since the last World War, that dream, that thought, has taken ·concrete shape in the form of a .Pan-Asiatic federation. It shQuld be no surprise to any one that the ln•lian l_Seople from then onwards for two decades have been thinking and dreaming of a Pan-Asiatic federation. This thought is in full conformit~· without past tradition and culture. Indian Tboucbt And Culture As Your Excellencies arr well aware, from the earliest times, universalism has been a marked fea- ture of Indian thought and culture. In the earliest days, through Buddhism, and all the .culture cen- tered arour.d Buddhism, India stretched out her (CorttiJMUd oa Pag• 17) Ill Greater East Asia PeOpl The Greater East Asia People's Rally in which an enthusiastic phalanx of more than 1 00.0.00 people of all walk~ of life gather- ed at Hibiya Park, Tokyo, on November 7, added splendor and glory to the Greater East Asia Congress which had terminated its two-day session with tremendous success at the Diet building on November 6. On this day (November 7), all Tokyo was bedecked with Rising Sun banners and the flags of allied nations. From early in the morning the people rushed to Hibiya Park thick and fast. Included among them were members of the Yokusan Men's As- sociation, the Patriotic Industrial Association, the Patriotic Commercial Association, the Patriotic Marine Association, women's organizations, youths' and boys' associations, and leaders of block and neighborhood associations. By 1 0 a.m. not an inCh of standing room was available in the open vista of the park, spacious as it is. In the center of the vista was establish- ed a two-deck elevated stand, 12 feet high, for Prime Minister Hideki Tojo and Cabinet Minis- ters, and the delegates and members of delega· tions from China, Manchoukuo. ThaiiDnd. the Phiiippines, Burma, and observers from India. Part of the space was provided for the naval brass hand. Around a. huge pair of Rising Sun banners flew flags o£ the six nations participating in the Greater East Asia Congress. The hand- stand close by the elevated stand was reserved for students from countries in the co-prosperity sphere. served,. including bowing toward the Imperial Palace. Thea, goided by Prime Minister Tojo and East Asia Minister Kazuo Aoki, President Wang Cbing-wei of the N~ti.onal Government of China, H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakoo of Thailand, Premier Chang Cbing-hui of Manchoukuo, President Jose P. Laurel of the Philippines, Premier Ba Maw of Burma, Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provi- sional Government of Free India, and Heinrich Georg Stahmer, German Ambassa- dor to Nippon, appeared on the stand at about 10.30 a.m. amid a deafening ovation from the throng. All wore artificial chry- santhemum &ower badges on their coab. General Nohuyuki Abe, President of the Yokusan Seiji Kai, on behalf of the sponsors, briefly addressed the throng, naming Dr. Rentaro Mizuno, Trustee-General of the Greater East Asia League, as chairman of the· rally. T surukichi Maruyama, Secretary-General of the T aisei Y okusan Kai Secretariat, introduced a motion for presenting a resolutiolf of gratitude to the Imperial Army and N_ayy, which was un- animously approved on the spot hy the gather- ing. The resolution was presented to War Min- ister T ojo and Navy Minister Shigetaro Shimada. Navy Minister Shimada, on hehalf of the Army and Navy, thanked the gathering for the resolution, expressing the Army's and Navy's de- termination to fight it out to a brilliant finish regardless of obstacles. Prime Minister T ojo, the first to ascend the ·nn•w .. ,,n march of all the the decision ~ia Congress, ex- the redoubled of all the of the Co- MM=nlty Sphere to forge for the common .' s Association, a resolution of rally, express- determination to the war to a finish, which unanimously ...... -,-.· ... li(Jillfo~red on the spot. Wang, the next saluted the huge banner, after expressed re- ' s war deter- a new that the Pact of Al- made the of his country than ever before China is now in better shape to to the war countries are now fellows-in-arms. Premier Chang Ching-hui of Manchoukuo, the fourth speake1, assured the audience of Manchou- kuo's unwavering determination to fulfil the task as the commissary line for Nippon in the pro- secution of the war. President Jose P. Laurel of the Philippines, the fifth speaker, elucidated the gathering that the people of his country no longer entertain the slightest apprehension regarding possible aggres- sion from without now that practically all the countries in the Co-prosperity Sphere are bound ir. an alliance with Nippon and inasmuch as all nations in the sphere are forging ahead for the common ideaL Premier Ba Maw, the last of the Congress delegates to speak, declared that the blood brotherhood hinding East Asians is the suresl guarantee for bringing ultimate victory to Nippon and her allies. Indian Leader Speak• Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provision- al Government of Free India, who followed Dr. Ba Maw on the rostrum, said that only one path is open for the Indians-without the victory of Nippon and her allies nothing will destroy Britain and America; without Britain and America out of the way there can be no liherty for the Indians. Ambassador Stahmer of Germany, who spoke after Mr. Bose, summing up the achievements of the Greater East Asia Congress, declared that nations participating in the Congress by achiev- ing what they have vindicated the wisdom of the Tripartite Treaty of Alliance concluded on Sep- tember 27, 1940. After Governor Shigeo Odachi of Tokyo Metropolis led Banzai for His Majesty the Emperor, Ryutaro Nagai led three cheers for the allied states. Amid the singing in unison of the Aikoku Koshinkyoku and other patriotic airs, the delegates and their colleagues withdrew and the rally adjourned at I p.m. 'NOTHING PREVENTS US FROM WINNING WAR,' SAYS GEN. TOJO J The gist of the address by Prime Min- ister .Tojo at the Greater East Asia Peo- ple's Rally follows: • I T is a source of infinite honor and pleasure on th.e part of this Empire to welcome, in the . _rmdst of the. great war we are carrying on, fhe1r Excellencies the gentlemen representing China, Thailand, Mnnchoukuo, the Philippines Burma, and the l'rovisional Government of Fre: India to this Greater East Asia People'S Rally. You gentlemen of the Greater East Asia na- I WAR PROSECUTION RESOLUTION WHEREAS construction in Greater East Asia has been progressing steadily, the lofty ideal that found expression in the founding of this Empire has been exemplified, we are greeting this momentous event scarcely two years alter the outbreak of the war, and the prestige of t.\e Empire has made its presence felt throughout East Asia; WHEREAS all nations and peoples in Greater East Asia have releas- ed themselves from the age-old letters of the United States and Britain, have been given their equitable places in the sun, and have been construct- ing the vast area, knowing that East Asia· should be restored to East Asians in order to establish the last~ng peace of the world; WHEREAS the enemy, the United States and Britain, ~ontinuing their fanatical counter-attacks, endeavor to retake East Asia which rightfully belongs to the East Asians; BE n THEREFORE RESOLVED that the people who are gathered here today at the Greater East Asia People1s Rally call forth all the energy and potentiality of Greater East Asia to carry on the war to the very end so as to crush the foe and establish the-New Order of the world. November 1, 1943. - G~eateT East Asia· People's Rally tions gathered in the Greater East Asia Congress, where, after exchanging views frankly regarding the prosecution of the war and construction of the area, you reached a complete accord and have gone on record ,m the Joint Declaration in which your renewed determination to continue the joint efforts was announced to the whole world. In that Joint Declaration, the prosecution of the Greater East Asia \Var, construction of Great- er East Asia, and contribution to the enduring peace of the world were stressed in accordance with the five principles set forth. · As you arc undoubtedly aware, after the out- break of the war, the situation m East Asia com- pletely changed. Wherever the Imperial Army and Navy advanced, they crushed the enemy forces of the United States a9d Britain at every turn. With- in half a year after the outbreak of the war, the enemy was driven out entirely from East Asia and all the enemy coftcentration centers of long standing were reduced. The Imperial forces, while nipping in the bud the enemy attempts at counter-offensives, have been pushing the construction of East Asia right along. The· indissoluble bonds of Nippon and Man- choukuo, meanwhile, have been rendered even more so. Unbreakable Tie Esbibliabed Nippon and China, throwing overboard pre- vious differences, recently established an unbreak- ablt: tie bv concluding a pact of alliance, whereby the two nations have returned to their true Ori- ental selves. Durma, which .bad for many years been the ob- jective of British imperialistic ap;grandizcment, has proclaimed her independence. The Philippines, too, relea.:;ing herself from the 40-year fetters of Amer- ican fraud, graft, and exploitation, has likewise proclaimed her independent Republic. The patriotic Indians under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose have proclaimed the Pro- visional Government of Free India, which has de- clared war on the United States and Britain. Thus you will notice that within two years after the outbreak of the Greater East Asia War, the foundation of the new Greater East Asia has al- ready been placed on a solid basis, enabling the leaders of Greater East Asia to meet in the Con- gress on November 5 and 6, and enabling the peo- ple to rally here today. Today at home in Greater East Asia, the people have been exerting nil e.fforts to crush the United States and Britain with mutual respect, confidence, and assistance. We haYc known for some time that the enemy, the United States ~nd · Britain, would repeatedly attempt to strike back at us. · Justice On Our Side As long as justice is on our side, what have we to fear? The Greater East Asia War is irrdeed a sacred war to right the wrong and to strengthen that which is right. We know we have the inviol- able right to carry on this war, which is denied the enemy camp. \Ve also know that on the strength of the tremt.ndous victories at the outset, we have rendere!l our position absolutely im- pregnable. We see positively nothing to prevent us from winning ultimate victory. In coordi"ation with the impregnable defense position, we have also strengthened our war-prosecuting structure at home and have been increasing the mass-produc- 'tion of arms and munitions. Furthermore, the allied nations in Greater East Asia, collaborating with us even more thoroughly· than ever before, have redoubled their determina- tion to crush the coinmon enemies. I do not see why we cannot ,smite the foes to the finish, and The East Asia leaders attencliaa the Greater East Asia People's Rally at Hibiya Park are (1) President Wang of China, (2) H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand, (3) Premier Chang of Mancboukuo, (4) Presi· dent Laurel of the ·Philippines, (5) Premier Ba Maw of Burma, and (6) Subbas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provisional Government of Free India. establish enduring p~ace in East Asia anti the world. · Germany and our Axis allies in Europe, too, by dint of everstrengthened cohesion, have been launching new driYes for the destruction of the United States and llritain, which fact is added assuranec of our absolute invincibility. In conclusion, I must say that high gratifica- tion has afforded me and all my countrymen to realize that throughout the Greater East Asia Con- gress and People's Rally, all are and have been manifesting unquencl1.able fighting temperament and indomitable spirit which is the surest guarantee for 4\nal rictoq Other Speeches Gists of the speeches .delive1·ed by leaders of Asiatic nations at the Hibiya rally on November 7 are as follows: " President Wang 01 China The affairs of East Asia can only l}e settled by East Asians themselves. This is the eternal truth. The obnoxious Anglo-American designs which lasted for over 100 years were destroyed by- Nip· pon at one st.,oke and the security of the ~ast has been established. And we, the people of Chma, are firmly resolved not to betray . the . trust ~nd expectations of your country wh1ch 1s forgmg ahead with unswerving will not only for the su~­ cessful consummation of the Greater East As1a War, but also for the realization of the Greatel' East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. In this respect, what I am regretful of is that there are still some among us in my country who cannot divor<.'e themselves from the influences of the Anglo-American peoples. I am, therefore, firmly re8olved to make greater efforts for prompt- ing the 'retrospection of these people and to have them join our fold, breaking their ties with that influence. · Even in your country, which is the torch-bearer of East Asia, the present solidarity is not taken as sufficient and training is being persistently kept up. But when all of us develop an iron-willed character, the Greater East Asia as a whole wiU have the iron strength of our Great \Vall of China. Prince Wan Waithayakon 01 Thailancl The war aims of Nippon arc based on justice. Nippon is fighting not only for her own defense but for the defense of Greater East Asia. In this war, our country, which l1as been maintaining friendly relations with Nippon for several centuries in the past, is collaborating wholeheartedly in the build- ing of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. The Army of Thailand is fighting side by side with the Imperial forces. But that is not all, Ill Dl The Who's Who of Nippon and other Greater East Asia nations are here shown assembled at the elaborate tea party g~ven by Prime Minister General Hideki T ojo at his official residence m Tokyo on NQvember 3. Thailand is closely collaborating with Nippon poli- tically as well as economically and this shall be continued till victory has been won. The fact that aU other Asiatic countries are intimately collabor- nting with Nippon has been made clear by the speeches of the representatives of each country. The recent Congress was a pledge for further ·coilaboration for the successful completion of the Greater East Asia COO-prosperity Sphere. AJl the Asiatic -:ountries are indebted to the Government of Nippon and her people who are exemplifying the most lofty ideal to all of us. Premier Chang 01 Manchoulmo Having had the honor of attendiqg the Greater East Asia Congress and seeing that you are all burning with the faith of undoubted victory and forging ahead in your own individual battle posi- tions with unflinching conviction, I am not only greatly comforted but greatly impressed. In my country, llfanchoukuo, too, on the principle of the Nippon-l\lanchoukuo Defensive and Offensive Al- liance and that of One Virtue and One Mind, His Majesty the Emperor of Manchoukuo is per- sonally showing us the example, and the- 40-million nationals are united as one, discharging their duties as the defender of the North and as the inner citadel for the construction of the Grt'ater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere with all their might. The Greater East Asia Joint Declaration ia a magnificent declaration that ahowa the fu- ture course of Greater Eut Asia to the world at large, and we must clriYe ahead, united aa one, to c:cmaammalle tbia great ideal, an ideal that is incontroYertible in Heann and earth. · Furthermore, the recent Congress gave an op- portunity to the representatives of all the Asiatic countries to discuss without reservations ways •1nd means to consummate the Greater East Asia 'Var and the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere with unbounded enthusiasm, which fact restrength- ened the unity of aJl the nations of Greater East Asia for a glorious future and new hope. This deserves our heartfelt felicitation not only for the establishment of a new order in East Asia but for the sake of world pea(:e. President Laurel 01 The Philipp.ine• Beloved people of Nippon: It is with unbounded joy that I address you on this occnsion to extend to you the cordial greet- ings a.nd well wishes of the people of the Philip- pines. The Filipino people consider the111selves for- tunnte to have been given the opportunity. to send representatives to the conference calle:J to' discuss the common problems which face the countries comprising the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. They are enger to know just what share of the work is allotcd to them in the vast under- taking which has made possible their liberation from \vestern domination. Nippon nnd the Philippines have entered into a pact of alliance in all fields, political, economic, and military. Undisturbed by fear or apprehen- sion of outside .aggression, the Filipinos may now, with clearer vision and greater solidarity of pur- pose, dedicate themselves unreservedlv to the tnsk of building n greater Philippines, ~nd labor to make it ·a worthy member of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere, which is today a working reality made secure by the continued ;uccesses of Nipponese :trms, with each member str:uning every effort to bring to successful completion the basic task of welding together all the peoples of Grenter East Asia in the words of His Excellency, Prime llfinistcr General Hideki Tojo-"into one solid mass, dedicated heart and soul to one common idenl, to one single objectin." Premier Ba Maw 01 Burma I speRk to the people of the Nippon Empire as a soldier coming from the western battlefield of the Greater East Asia War. The enemy is carrying out air-rnids day in and day out. The Burmese villnges, houses, and lives are entirely exposed to the enemy shell fire. Even in this trying battlefield, however, the Burmese are firmly united and are demonstrating an unshakable attitude to the last. What is air- raid? What is artillery fire? We shall only fight out to the last. 'Ve Asiatics have had in the remote past a blood relationship and an alliance of blood, and we are now fighting under a great lender and are winning against our enemy. The Greater East Asia Joint Declaration, which was announced yesterday, is a new oath of blood among the various East Asiatic races. In this Jomt Decla- ration, we manifested our firm resolve as to whe- ther we shall fight and win, or die. This Greater East Asiatic movement should be born out of the determination of each indivi- dual of the Greater East Asiatic races. Onh• when this spirit lives in the hearts of every i..;- dividual will the movement be a great movement to concentrate all the peoples. Subhas C. Bose 01 Free India The Greater East Asin Congress convinced me all the more that in the back of us is the invincible Empire of Nippon :mel also the determination of the one billion East Asiatic peoples. This thought ins]>ired us with fresJt courage to march to thc battlefront. By virtue of the courtesy of the Nippon Em- PRIME MINISTER TOJO IS HOST AT BANQUET Prime Minister General Hideki Tojo was host at a banquet on Nove~ber 6 at 6 p.m. at his official residence given ill honor of the re- presentatives to the historic Greater East Asia Congress which closed earlier in the day after a momen- t«Ns two-day session. The guests o'i bonor were Wang Ching-wei, President of the Ex- ecutive Yuan of the National Gov- emment of China; H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand; Marshal Chang Ching-hui, Premier of !\fanchoukuo; Jose P. Laurel, President of the Republic of the Philippines; and Premier Ba Maw of Burma, representatives; Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provi- sional Government of Free India, observer; and their parties. Also invited were Tsuneo Mal.su- daira, Imperial Household :Minister; Marquis Koichi Kido, Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal; Dr. Yoshimichi Harn, President of the Privy Council; all Cabinet Ministers; Gen- eral Nobuyuki Abe, Admiral Keisuke Okada, and Koki Hirota, former Prime Ministers; Admiral Teijiro Toyoda, Toyotaro Yuki, Kamesaburo Yamashita, Kiyoshi Goko, Chuji Suzuki, and Ken- jiro Matsumoto, Cabinet Advisers; !\fnrshal Gen Sugiyama, Chief of the General Staff; :\larquis Yukitada Sasaki, Vice-President of the House of Peers; Tadnhiko Okada, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and others. In bia -)come addreu, the Prime Minister aaid: "The fact that the leaders of all the. GoYem- ments of Greater East Asia met under one roof, and after a free exchange of vie"·s, reached a com- plete ap:reement, resulting in the adoption of the Joint Declaration, will sen-e to accelerate the pro- secution of the Greater East Asia 'Var to a g'ori- ous condusion. This is nn epochal event which will be indelibly recorded in the history of Great- er East Asia." President Wang Ching-wei of China responded on behalf of the guests. pire, Andaman and Nicobar Islands will be trans- ferred to the Provisional Government of Free India in the near future. This important statt'ment gave great hopes to all the Indians and has made their future bright. There is only one way for the Indians wanting freedom. That is, needless to say, to destroy Amer1ca and Britain, our common foes, in close coope~·ation with Nippon and her allies. Probably the last battlefield in the Orient will be India. Britain will not withdraw from India so easily. I never made light of the problem of defeating llritain. 'Ve Indians, however, will gladly pay any sacrifice for the freec!om of our motherland. Ambassador Stahmer 01 Germany Your E:•cellencies and gentlemen. You have built a peaceful temple of a new order based on moral foundation and the solid ground of common con•iction among the allied races by expelling forenr the selfish influem·es of the Anglo-Americans who were solely intent on exploiting various countries of Greater East Asin for their own CiO"''enient purposes, and by nchiev- ing the historical task of freedom and emanci- pation. The Greater German Reich and her allies in Europe nre today bravely fighting a war on 11 grand scale for the realization of the one ide11l, i.e., tc construct a new order of justice in Eu- rope by expelling all the unlawful ambitions for domination of the countries which hnve no rela- tion with European territory. The Grenter Reic!1 and lier allied countries in Europe are firmly determined to 1\~ht out this decisive war dauntlessly to the last common vic- tory and to the rcalizntion of a just and happy peace in close unity witlt Nippon and the vnrious em:1ncipated countries in Greater East Asia. .. Delegates Attend Meiji Shrine . National Physical Training Meet In the presence of H.I.H. Prince T akamatsu, Patron of the Meet, the central autumn games of the 14th Meiji Shrine Na- tional Physical Training Meet were held on Sunday, November 7, beginning at 9 a.m., at the Meiji Shrine outer gardens in Tokyo, bringing to a climax the regional events held throughout the country on Meiji-setsu, November 3. · Demonstrating the immutahle resolve of the 100-million people, the participants displayed various physical exercises and other wartime de- monstrations. Gr~ups of youthful students from ;arious areas in the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere, who are studying in Nippon, also partici- pated, namely, youths from Manchoukuo, China, Djawa, Sumatra. Celehes. Thailand, Burma. the Philippines. French Indo-China. l\hlai. and South Borneo. At 9 a.m., Prince Takamatsu appeared at the distinruidaed guestt' stand at the 1. Spectators of many lands at the Meiji Shrine National Phyaical Training Meet take part in the special "people's callisthenics." • . • - • 2. Burmese students in Nippon (in the center, weanng black caps) and Ph1hpp1ne studenk (wearing 6eld caps) at the Meiji Shri11e National Physical "Training Meet. 3. Mass callisthenics at the .Meiji Shrine meet. · 4. Indian residents in Nippon attending the Greater East Asia People's Rally at Hibiya Park. stadium amidst the welcome of aD the ofi- cials, participants, and othen. With the playing of lively marches by the Military Band. the participants, including state defenders, boy fliers, boy and girl students. member& of youths' associations, industrial work- ers, students of the Red Cross Nurses' School, and other participants, underwent a march-past with the 400 officials of the meet at the lead. Following them were groups of 1,200 young men who arrived at the grounds early in the morning after marching over a distance of some 40 kilometers from various places in Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama Prefectures throughout the night. They were followed by groups of students from various parts of the Co-prosperity Sphere. Following the hoisting of the Rising Sun flag on the main flagpole, all respectfully greeted the entrance of the flag granted by the Throne, car- ried by Kcnji Mitomi. student of the Tokyo Higher Normal School. Prince Takamatsu then granted the Im- perial Message to the officials and partici- panb of the Meet, to which Welfare Minister Chikahiko Koizami respectfully replied. At I 0 a.m. sharp, 800 workers of the Tokyo Railway Division demonstrated "National Railway Exercises," raising the curtain on the day's de- monstrations. This was follawed b; caUisthoaica t., .Sl& • students, including those from the Women's Gymnastic College. Army and Navy boy fliers exhibited their respective physical drills, while the workers of the Nakajima Plane Works. represent- ing the industrial heroes, demonstrated "Indus- trial Workers' Exercises." At 1.45 p.m., Prime Miuister Hideki Tojo, who bad atlended the Greater East Asia People's Rally at Hibiya Park, ap. peared at the grounds, together with Presi- dent Wang Ching-wei of the National Gov· ernment of China and representatives of five other states. Six national flags were unfurled on both sides of the main flagpole with the Rising Sun Rutter· ing in the center of the lawn. . The Patron Prince stood up and shook hands with the Congress · delegates one by one. Thunderoqs applause reverberated throughout the grounds. To the right of the Princes and Princesses of the Blood were President Wang Ching-wei of the National Government of China, H.R.H. Prince Wan W aithayakollof Thailand, Premier Marshal Chang Ching-hui of Manchoukuo, Philippine For- eign Minister Claro M. Recto, Premier Ba Maw of Burma, and Subhas Chandra Bose, Head of the Provisional Government of Free India. As they stood in the order mentioned. thunder· ous applause was given them by all present . Bright smiles were seen on the six faces. Following the demonstration of martial arts and drills by 750 pupils of national primary schools and students of the Toyama Military Academy. Prime Minister Tojo delivered instruc- tions to the participants. Ealivcning the Clay'~ program of physical demonstrations. foreign students and Nippon }'<luths displayed amity phy~ical exercises. The closing ceremony then was held at 4.30 p.m. R-0-F-1-L-E-S Yuan, gentle-mannered, Wang one wonder if he really has spirit that made him what who meet him for the first time . 4owever, readily notice his penetrating eyes and sinewy hands. ~o doubt his eyes are those of a revolutionist and his hands, those of a man of action. Once he begins to speak, his fiery speech does not fail to make his listeners' blood boil and one is fully convinced that he is a true patriot. Failing in an attempt to assassinate Prince R~gent Chun of the Ching dynasty when he was still 25: he w~s thrown into jail, but a treatise on revolution which he wrote while in prison earned him a special amnesty. When Dr. Sun Yat-sen established a revolutionary government in Canton President Wang assisted him as his right-hand man in the capacity of chief councilor. Follow- ing Dr. Sun's death, he took the helm of the administration, while Chiang Kai-shek assumed the military command. At the opening ceremony of the sixth plenum of the Kuomintang in 1935, he was shot by an assailant of the anti-Wang faction that hated him because of his pro-Nippon policy. After being hit by three bullets, he still stood motionless as if ~aiting for a fourth shot, when Chang Hsueh- hang, who was beside him, pushed him aside. Had he been hit a fourth time, the wounds would probably have proved fatal. Even after the outbreak of the China Emer- ge~cy, he adv_ocated a pro-Nippon policy and, s~emg that Chiang showed no sign of introspec- tion, fled from Chungking to Hanoi. His self- sacrificing activities thereafter. for peace restora- tion and national reconstruction are too well known to be reiterated here. H.R.H. Ptince Wan Waithayakon Representative Of The President Of The Council, Thailand H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon is a familiar - '""P"''" Nippon people for he visited for the negotiations in Tokyo of the . border dispute between ...... uu-._,,,11· •a in March, 1941. and delegate to the Greater East Oxford University, he is an on International Law. Upon he entered the F oreian important posts a> Ambass:- 11'111~-. ~~- Foreign Vice-Minister. retired from the first line of the revolution of 1932, he is still the most important figure in the Thai dip- lomatic circles, being an adviser to the Foreign Office. He looks much younger than his 50 years. His son, Phibun Varavam, is a first-yea~ student of the higher course of the Peers' School in Tokyo. Chang Ching-Hui Premier Of Manchoukuo Being 71 years old, Chang Ching-hui was the oldest among the delegates to the Greater East Asia Congress. Yet throughout the Congress his actions were marked by youthfulness, a strange phenomenon for a man of such advanced age. His countenance was very bright, not retaining the least signs of the serious illness he suffered last February as to cause Chungking to air the rumor that "he kUled himself under the pressure of his heavy responsibility as a commissary in the Greater East Asia War." It must have been the resurgence of his Asiatic blood that kindled him with passion at the historic Congress. A~ is well known, he was the "king" of Lulin and a bosom friend of Chang T so-lin, virtual ruler of Manchuria, before the Manchurian In- cident. When the Manchurian Incident broke out, however, he instantly broke off with the northeastern· regime, which was then headed by Chang Hsueh-liang, son of Chang T so-lin, to join hands with Nippon, though most of his colleagues such as Chang Tso-hsiang, Tang Yu-lin, and Ma Chan-shan fled from Manchuria. Following the retirement of Cheng Hsiao-hsu, first Premier of Manchoukuo, he became the second I;'remier. He has since been at the helm of the state for nine years. Dr. Jose P. Laurel President Of The Philippines A man of small stature, bespectacled and witli unkempt, half-gray hair, Dr. jose P. Laurol is more like a university professor than a states- man-much less a revolutionist who stood on the Yerge of death on many occasions. . Once he speaks, however, he gives vent to his fiery spirit. When he was shot by an assailant in the outskirts of Manila on June 5; this year. he said he could walk to the car in which he was carried to the hospital. When the doctor said that there were three wounds, he said with a smile, "Then four other shots went astray." At the press interview on November 7 fol- lowing the conclusion of the Greater East Asia Congress, he was asked by a reporter, "How will you r~adjust Philippine economy, which has en- tirely depended on the United States?" In reply, he took sugar for example, saying: , "There are 500-million people in China, which is much closer to the Philippines than America. Chinese may eat less sugar than Americans, but don't the children of all countries like sugar just (l) Girl dudents cheering the delegates. (2) Prime Minister Tojo rec:ei•es a lighted match from President Wang. (3) The members of the Thai delegation refresh themselves with tea. (4) Subhas Chandra Bose welcomed on his arrival in Tokyo by Foreign Minister Shigemitsu. (5) Pre- sident Laurel happily mixes with Filipino youths studying in Tokyo. (6) Preaident Wang pays re- spects at the Meiji Shrine. (7) Premier Ba Maw casts an apprecintive eye at the beautiful works of art at the Bunten art exhibition. (8) Premier Cha~g leisurely examines the paintings at the same exhibition. The two tall figures are Manchoukuo Amba!sador Wang Yun-ching to Tokyo, on the left, and Manchoukuo Foreign Minister Li Shao-keng. (9) The Filipino delegation. Seated, right to left, are Quintin Paredes, Minister of Public Works and Transportation; President Laurel; Claro M. Recto, Foreign Min(ater, and Dr. Laurel's aon Mariano who ia studying in Tokyo. (10) Premier Ba Maw and H.R.H. Prince Wan Waitbayakon shaking banda. (11) Subbaa Chandra Bose being interviewed by Nippon reporters at the Sbiba residence of Viscount Sbibusawa. the ~arne r· All those present burst into laughter. "Really he is a great statesman," the reporters ~aiJ to one another after the interview. Dr. Ba Maw Premier Of Burma Dr. Ba Maw seemed a little emaciated when he arrived in Rangoon after his hazardous escape from prison following the outbreak of the Greater East Asia War. When he attended the Greater Ea~t Asia Congress, however, he was full of vim and vigor, showing that-he was in excellent health despite his weighty duties of state administration. !-lis speeches at the Congress, too, were passionate and powerful, giving an impression that Greater East Asia has in him a mighty leader on its western first-line. His speech about assistance to Indian in- dependence, in particular, together with that of Subhas Chandra Bose, is especially worthy of note. Their speeches most characteristically ex- emplified the idea of "Asia is one." As his impres3ion of the Greater East Asia Congress, Dr. Ba Maw said: "I am deeply impressed that world history has ente~d a new epoch with this Congress as the turning point. I was filled with undescribable emotion on ~eeing the representatives of Asiatic races meet_ in the same assembly and create a new history of Asia." Dr. Ba Maw, on whose shoulders the destiny of Burma depends, must have strengthened his determination to push ahead, defying all difficul- ties toward the glorious goal of ultimate victory. Subhas Chandra Bose Head Of The Provisional Government Of Free India The huge body of Subhas Chandra Bose. who has striven constantly for the acquisition ot perfect independence for his country, is a verit- able crystallization of fighting spirit. !-lis patriotic ardor found expression in his youth when, as a student of Calcutta University, he beat ·up a British professor. His career after his retirement from the university as a result of this act is a series of lights and imprisonments. Twice elected chairman of the Indian National ,Congress, he steadfastly maintained his policy to resort to armed conAict against Britain for the attainment of independence in contrast to the non-violence principle of Mahatma Gandhi. He was arrested by British police at the gate of his house on July 2, 1940, when the rumor was ramp:mt that he would introduce an anti- British resolution to the working committee of the Indian National Congress. He left the prison on bail due to illness in January, 1941. Shortly afterward, he escaped from India to Germany. When the Russo- German War broke out, he took off his mask in Berlin. When the situation became tense on the Indian-Burmese border, he made his sudden ap- pearance in Nippon. Mr. Bose, whom the British fear most, is now preparing for n march on Delhi. Once he ad- vances to Bengal, th~ Indian masses will welcome him with enthusia£tic acclamation. u Ulllllt It t1 U 111111111111 II lilt U UIIIU 111111111llll111111 tlllllttllllllllllllllliUIIIIIllllllllllltt 1111111111111111111 til II II ll111111111111111111111tllllttllt GREATER EAST ASIA ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION The establishment of a Greater East Asia Athletic Association to annihilate America and Britain in the field of athletic ideology, as well as in the military field, was formally decid~:d at a conference of representati\es of the six coun- tries in Greater East Asia at the Dai-iti Hotel in Tokyo on November 8, beginning at I 0 a.m. At the conference, l\1anchoukuo was repre- sented by Directors Kamimori and Yen of the Imperial Athletic Federalion of Manchoukuo as well as Director Suzuki of . th~ IJusiness Bureau of the same league; China, by Managing Direc- tor Chang and others of the National Athletic Association of China; Thailand, by the I st Secre- tary of the Thai Embassy in Tokyo; Burma, by 2nd SecretC~ry U Sein of the Burm~se Emhassy; and the Philippines, by Honorary Director Ylanan of the Philippines Athletic Association. Representing Nippon were Honorary Vice- President Shimomura, Vice-President Goto, Chief Director Go, Adviser Hiranuma, Trustee Nagai, Supervisor Fukao, and Standing Director Hisa- tC;mi of the Dai Nippon-Athletic Association. Following an opening address by Representa- tive Go, Adviser Hiranuma was recommended and approved as chairman. Then Representative Gc said: "Eliminating the way of thinking and forms of the Anglo-American school, m should estab- li~h a new athletic ideology based upon the spirit of pure Greater East Asiatics. Thus we hope to contribute our share toward the enhancement of our lighting p()wcr through athletics." Thi! organization of the Association was de- cided upon in the-<:ourse of the afternoon session. Subsequently, the repres::ntatives of the partici- pating countries explained athletic conditions in their respective states before the meeting ad- journed at about 3 p.m. (Continued From Page 11) hands to the whole of Asia. Later on, with Islamic influence permeating India, that tendency towatds universalism also continued, and through Islam, India forged new links with \Vestern Asia. I murt confess, how~ver, to my great sorrow, in this connection, that during the Middle Ages, India dt!velope<l a false type of universalism and, it is beenuse of this false universalism, that it was so easy for European powers tp settle in, and ul- tituatcly to conquer India. But we ha"e learned through s;Jnow, suffering, and humiliation to dis- tinguish now between the fnlse internationalism and the true. \\'e know now that that interna- tionalism is true, which docs not ignore national- ism, but is rooted in it. Ycur Excellency, may I humbly point out that the establishment of a Greater East Asia Co- prosp~rity Sphere is of interest, of vital inter~t, not only to the people of East Asia but, if I may say so, to the people of the whole of Asia and to mankind in general. People In West Asia And Africa I ~!aim to have some personal contact with that part of the world stretching from Afghanistan to Tunis, Algeria, and Morocco. 1 claim specially to have personal contact with the suppressed nations living in that part of the world. Over and abo\'e this, India has for a long time been a bridge be- tween East Asia ;md the W<-st. I can, therefore, say with authority that the people of \Vest Asia, the people in that part of the world stretching from Afgh:mistan to Algeria and Morocco, arc following with the deepest interest the happenin~ts in East Asia. I l!m speuking particularly of those people in West Asia and Africa who ha\'e been for somt' (C011tit~aecl oa Peg• to) Ill • • Ed~t:orial Comment: - East Asia's Great Charter (From The Mainichi Shimbun, November 7, 1943) The Greater East Asia Congress at the second and last-day session, November 6, made . public the Greater East Asia Joint Declaration consist- ing of five principles. Inasmuch as the purport and dclnmination that are enunciated in the de- claration are based on the requirements of the present and future of Ea~t As•a, they haYe been already repeatedly pronounced by the representa- tive of not only Nippon but also of the other fh·e participating nation!>. That is to sa~·. they have now reached fruition ns the general will of Great- er East Asia. HaYing crystallized th<! general will, the Greater East Asia Congre.>s materialized the five-principled Joint Declaration. If we arc per- mitted to speak frankly, this \'cry Declaration is one in substance and in spirit '\ith the auspicious Imperial Rescript Dcclnrmg War on the United States and Britain. It is the Great Charter whi=h should guide East Asia's course of progress for-- ever. Lool,ing at the substance of the declaration we un~erstand that the first artidc, i.e., "Th~ countr1es of Grenter East Asia throu~h mutual c?operation will ensure the stability of their re- giOn and const.ruct an order of common prosperi- ty and _well-bemg based upon justice;• forms the foundnhon of the whole. It is the ,-ery objcctiYe of the Greater East Asia War. It is for that nim that Nippon ~eso~utely ~ose in arms, unsheathing th~ S~\·ord of JDShce agamst the United States and Br1tnm. And for that sake too the countries "; ~rente~ E~st Asia ha,·e been proceeding towar,l 1ts realization by o\·ercoming and sn·ceping a''' ~'-Y every d tfficulty and obstacle on the wav in order to put the de~tiny of East Asia on a new track. In fa~t, t1_1e Will to build 11 new order full of vim und hfe m East Asin, which the heinous influ- ence of the United States, Britain, and Holland had thought to have succeeded in turning in•? a vast graveyard of peoples, has been embodied in th~ fi.rst article. 1'he bond, made up of the moral prme1ples that had guided ancient East Asia and the tears of blood shed by the cne billion peoples of East Asi!l !-S its warp and woof, has now been fully J?~llter•alu:ed. The six nations that partici- pated m the Tokyo parley are now closely ti~~:d to one an~ther. Thus, a new bright page hns been carved m world history. .The firs.t article of the declarntion points at the ulbmat~ p1cture of the Greater Enst Asia Co- pro~pe~Jty Sphere. This common sphere of pros- perity IS entirely different from such n detestable means ~s _hitherto conceiYed by the United States and Br•tmn, by which they could monopolize the ":e~lth of the world! in other words, a tool with wh1ch they could dr1ve other peoples to privation and hardships by takinr exclusive possession of the heavenly blessings. We are bent on driving out the United States and Britain from East Asia, because we are resolved to realize the aim set forth In Article I and then of Article 2. The morn! principle is of universal nature. It is ~nly naturnl that the activitie~ of the Co-pros- perity Sphere should evolve into Article 2 which reads: "The countries of Greater East Asia will ensure the. fraternity of nationt; in their region by respechng one another's sovereignty and in- dependence and practising mutual assistance and amity." Articles 2, 3 ("The countries of Greater East Asia by respecting one another's traditions ancl developing the creative faculties oi each race will enhance the culture and civilization of Greate; East Asia"), and 4 ("The countries of Greater East Asia will ende.:lvor to accelerate their com• n_ton economic development through close coopera- tion upon il basis of reciprocity and to promote thereby, the gr.nernl prosperity of their region.'') are manifested in Article 1 nnd Article 5 ("'!'he countries of Greater East Asia will cultivate friendly relations with all the countries of the world; work for the abolition of racial discrimi- nation, the promotion of cultural interC'ourse and the opening of resources throughout the "?orld · and contribute thereby to the progress of ·man: kiud.''). l11 sum, the intention prescribed in these articles is !hat the countrieS are to promote mu- tual friend5hip, c:;emplify each his own natural endowments, thereby elevating the standnrd of spiritn;JI life of the whole, to fully cultivate the blessings of l~cavcn and Earth, thereby enabl,ing all the coun!r~c5 to hnvc and maintain the afore- mentioned Jiving conditions. lt is inilcctl a Great Charter perfectly fitting and proper for Ea~t Asia, the ilomain of morality. Compare it, for instance, with the so-called At- lnnLic Charter which is breathing its last. When- ever the Uni ted States and Britain talk about lmmrmity and justice, it is alwa'ys invariably ac- t•omp.micd with regional and racinl conditions. Even ~ud1 <!cmocracv in which they tnke great pride applies only to their races of j)COple and they do not ff'el :my incun~islencv at all about the ac- tual prnctise of slavery in their colonies. Although tl~ey occasionnlly utter words ns if in sympathy w1lh the mmor1ty )Jcoples nnd small countries, and e\·en go so far as to pledge for their snlvation, yet nil that it nmounts to is nothing hut warfare designed to disturh the enemy camp. What is more, should the trr.ncl of the situation inconveni- ence them to trnnslate their commitmrnts into practise, they do not feel :my qualm of conscience in trampling upon them. That is the wav of the United Stale:> and Britain. They have s~cceeded in deceiving the world too long. At last the world, hnving heard th<' Grenter Enst Asia Joint Declara- tion, has been given an opportunity to <'ompare it with Americnn-British hypocrisy nnd lies. Finally what we wnnt to drnw the ntt1•ntion of thf" rcad<·rs to is the expression of unflinchin~t determination made by Prdfiier lla llfaw, rcprcsen- tathe of Burma, nnd the greetings of 1\Jr. nose, lleacl of the Provisionnl Government of Fr!'e India, following the announcement of the Joint Declara- tion. The declaration that there can be no free- dom of Asia without the freedom of India made Foreign, East Asia Offices Invite DelegateS In honor of the delegates of Manchoukuo, China, Thai, Burma, and the Philippines. a dinner party was given at the Imperial Hotel, Tokyo. on November 4 at 7 p.m. under the auspices of the Foreign and East Asia Offices. Representing the hosts. Foreip Minister Shigemitsu, Foreign Vice-Minister Matsumoto. East Asia Minister Aoki, East Asia Vice-Minister Yamamoto were present at the function. Chief Cabinet Secretary Hoshino and Ambassadors Kurusu and Sako were also present. Among the guests were H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon of Thailand, Premier Chaq Chin&- hui of Manchoukuo, President Jose P. Laurel of the Philippines, and Premier Ba Maw of Burma. After the function, all present were enter- tained with a program of Nippon dances and mUSIC. (The photo abowa, from left to richt, Dr. Cbu Min-yi, Chinese Foreip Mini•ter; Chow Fo-bai, Chinese Finance Miniater; Subhaa Chandra Bo-. Head of the Provisional Government of F~ India; Dr. Jose P. Laurel, Pre11ident of the Philip- pines; Foreip Minister Mamoru Sbicemitsu of Nippon; Marabal Cbana Chins-bui, Premier of Mancboukuo; Greater East Asia Minister Kazuo Aoki of Nippon; President Wan1 Chin1-wei of the National Government of China; and H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakon, representins the President of the Thai Council.) ' llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltltllllllllllllllttllllltlll by the leader of Burma, whose country has Ions been sharing trials and pain with India, cannot but carry very heavy weight. We are in perfect <tccord with the views. of Premier Ba Maw. Fur- thermore, reading his scathing indictment of the downright British outrages, we feel as if we are hearing the stern judgment of history rendered upon Britain. Though the accumulated British atrocitic; are so glnring that we need not wait for historians in the future to criticize, yet inasmuch as his denunchttion is based on personal experi- ences has left no stone unearthed in exposing the truth. The greetings made by l\Ir. Bose in re- sponse to the llnrmese leader was likewise couched in sincere and virile terms. The position of India was dearly declared at the Congress. Besides, the commitment of the transfer of Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the Provisional Government of Free India is of profound signifi- can<'e. Though these are but small Isles yet they should be a pnrt of Indian territory. Of course, the spirit and mental attitude which our coun· try extends toward lnd!a is already so plain and siucere that it need not be explained by such ac· tion. But the fact that Nippon intends to let the Free Indian Provisional Government have its own territory must not be overlooked by aU means . t 'Noblest Magna Charta Ever Written' (By Don Juan De Commentator, Ia The Manila, November 9). La Cruz, Tribune, The brilliant achievement of the Seven Asian Power Congress held in Tokyo for two consecu- tive days has taken the form of a Joint Declaration now exhibited to the entire world by the Greater East Asia nations as the grandest and the noblest Magna Charta ever written by mankind-com- parable with the Koran or the Canon Law. The significance of this joint Declaration of the Greater East Asia nations will be brought to a dearer perspective when we recall that his- torical proposal of truce drafted by the late United States President Woodrow Wilson, known as the 14-Point Proposal of Truce, which con- cluded the four odd years of the first World War. By this truce, Germany was thrown into ruins by the shameless greed and devilish vengeance of the Anglo-French. who absurdly depraved and ~tampeded the spirit of the Wilson principle_s_. · In liJ.:e manner, a few months ago, the Anglo- Americans ma-:1ifested the very same spirit of the Anglo-French 25 years ago when they tempted the stupid Master of the House of Savoy and that traitor of traitors, Badoglio, with an empty promise of freedom and honor until the traitors' betrayal was sure, and then of a sudden changed their attitude and forced these Italian traitors until they were obliged to accept the terms of uncon- ditional surrender. Right a-fter the publication of the queer joint declaration signed at the Moscow Conference, the Anglo-Americans started to demand that Turkey· cede landing fields and air bases and grant the freedom of navigation through the Dardanelles. One may easily guess that this maneuver might have been agreed upon in the Moscow Conference. To cry wine and sell vinegar is the classic art monopolized by the Anglo-Americans since the first World War. There is no need to point out further evidence of their traditional betrayal, for instance, the too infamous dirty business play:.:d by England in deceiving the Indians by scrapping the pledge made in honor to bestow upon them independence, the infamous betrayal by Lord Balfour of Eng- land who not only deceived the Arabians and the Jews in the reorientation of Jerusalem but also obliged Col. Lawrence of Arabia, a close friend of the Arabs. ro die in humiliation and disappoint- ment. We cannot tolerate these innumerable record~ of monkey business. The arrogant and impudent double-crossing displayed by the Anglb-American conspiracy in 1918, which deceived the Kaiser's German Empire to accept the honorable truce. then to treat the latter as a defeated nation. whicll. had asked for unconditional surrender, is enough io show Anglo-American duplicity and deceit. Now. let us ~imply admire the beautiful Orien~al spirit which is the essence of the gorgeous Declaration .attained by the Tokyo Conference, a £imple hut grander Declaration composed of a ~hort preface and five principles. Let us also praise the Oriental sense of justice practised by the Great Empire of Nippon, repre· sen ted by Prime Minister Hideki T ojo, chairman of the Congress, who spontaneously promised to return to the Provisional Government of Free India, headed by Subhas . Chandra Bose, the Andaman and the Nicohar Islands in Bengal Bay, which act can never be seen among the Anglo- Americans who stick to the principle of right and duty. We have never experienced bigger pride and rejoicing for being Orientals as we are now. Indeed, the Joint Declaration claimed by the Greater East Asia Congress would be a sacred code of humanity. After the two-day session (November 5 and 6) of the Greater East Asia Congress and press interviews given at their respective quarters on November 7, the representatives to the Congress made radio speechel to all the East Asia peoples on November 8. Excerpts from the radio speeches follow: • • • PRESIDENT WANG OF CHINA: "The policy of aggression and exploitation pursu~ by Amer- ica and Britain in the past has already been crush- ed and their policy of causing estrangement among East Asiatic nations lies in ruin. No mat- ter what policy they may adopt hereafter, no mat- ter what honeyed words they may use to inveigle us and no matter what canards they may circulate, our faith w\11 remain absolutely unshaken. "We will never again suffer oppression at their hands, nor shall we be entrapped again by their deceptive policy. "'Ve have no manner of doubt that the great exertions put forth by all nations of Greater East Asia, .individually and con.iointly, will re- sult in the emancipation of Greater East Asia and in the eventual pervasion of the light of Greater East Asia throughout the world." H.R.H. WAN WAITHAYAKON OF THAI· LAND: "Greater East Asia i1. now established upon the true principles of international relation- ships, namely, those of sovereignty and independ- ence and of reciprocity. There cnn be no ideal more noble :md no principles dearer to the hearts of nations than those thus set up by Nippon and there can be nothing more consonant with the spirit of the East. "Jt is through the consciouSJ~ess of this high purpl•sc of Nippon that not only the Nippon peo- p:e hut abo the other peoples of Greater East Asia nrc moved by a fi xed determination to carry the prc~cut war through to its successful con- clusion." PREMIER CHANG OF MANCHOUKUO: "The Joint Declaration which we have publicly enunciated to the "·orld embodies the righteous cause of the unh·er!.e. "There is no comparison between this und the Atlantic Charter which was proclaimed by Amer- ica and Britain who are bent on maintaining the status quo. under the spacious name of peace and under the mask of humanity. "The Joint Declaration of Greater East Asia is not meant as a mere shibboleth. It means the pledge solemnly given by all Greater East Asia nations of their firm resolve to attain conjointlv the ideals clearly set forth in lt." • PRESIDENT LAUREL OF THE PHILIP- PINES: "We are weary with the pretension~ of the 'white man's burden' which, more often than not, has only served to cloak the exploitation of weaker peoples. ~ "Henceforth, we shall ourselves work out our own salvation, realizing as we do more than ever now that our destiny is in our own hands, and that our future is what we ourselves make it. "The peoples of Greater East Asia must realize that unless Nippon wins this wnr, the aspiration of making Asia for the Asiatics cannot materialize, the Co-prosperity Sphere cnnnot be established, and the peoples of the Orient will continue to be 'drawers of water and hewers of wood,' mere instruments for the fulfilment of the wishes and designs of the so-called superior peoples of the Occident." • SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE OF FREE INDIA: "For the first time since 1857, we have a Go,·ernment of our own, recognized by so many powerful allies abroad For the first time since 1857, our countrymen outsi.de India-partic~larly in Asia and in Europe-are standing shoulder to shoulder with our freedom-fighters at home. For the first time since 1SIS7, India is ripe for re- volution. . "Last but not least-thanks to the ruthless ex- ploitation carried on by our tyrannical oppressors, hun_ger and starvation are further goading the Ind1an people on to revolution. "The stage is therefore set for COIIUDf'-nciq the last War of Indian Independence. Country· men at home and abroad! Lose no time. Gird up your loins and launch the last struggle at .. once. THAI PRIME MINISTER SENDS FELICITATIONS H. E. Field .Marshal Phibun Songkhram, Prime Minister of Thailand, sent a telegraphic message of felicitations to Prime Minister Tojo of Nippon on the convention of the Greater East Asia Con- ~ress. The gist of the message follows: "On lhe most auspicious occasion of the con- vention of lhc Greater East Asia Congress, I have the honor to express my most sincere congratula- tion to Your Excellency. I also wish to convey ! o Your Excellency the highest consi(leration of the Govcrnmen t of Thailand for the success of the Congress that has n vital bearing Oil._ the entire peoples of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. , "I deeply regret that I am unable to attend the present Congress due to my ill health, but I do not hesitate to say that the· Government of Thailand as well as the people are praymg for the ult imate victory of ~ippon in the present war. "Furthermore, I sincerely hope that l'he pre- sent hist oric event will blossom into an evcrlast· ing beauty enhancing the security of Greater East .\s1a and contributmg to the prosperity of the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere." GERMANY HAILS CONSTRUCTIVE CONGRESS - Domei BERLIN, Nov. 6.-German newspapers since yesterday's evening editions are largely playing up the progress of the Greater East Asia Con- - gress. That Nippon is making successive long strides without taking a rest for the \'ealization of her ideal in the political domain of the construction work of the Greater East Asia C<l'-prosperity Sphere, is an object of wonder to European poli- tical circles. Tod~,ty, it is common knowledge am·ong the general public as well as politicians and intcllec- tuul classes that Nippon is now completely win- ning over America and Britain, not only in the military field. hut also in the political domain. That this fact is deeply permeating among vari- ous European countries which are involved in the curren~ war, may be concluded as a manife!.tn- tion of the righteousness of Nippon's policy. Moreover, as the ideal of the Joint Declara- tion announced at the Greater East Asia Congress . is by f:1r more constructive in comparison with that of the Atlantic Charter, . the papers say, the snlid combination of the Greater Enst Asiatic raees ba.sed upon this ideal is as solid as an iron wall, and the Anglo-Amuicans will not be ablt> to break it by force no mntter ho\,· fanatically they may try. Dag-Posten Editorial Demel STOCKHOLM, Nov. 6.-The Swedish news- paper, Dng-Posten, carried detailed reports on the Greater East Asia Con<rress from its opening day Its editorial this morning, which commented on "Greater .East Asia," referred to the Greater Enst Asia Congress to the following effect: "The significance of the Greater East Asia Congress is very weighty. By this Congress, Nippon has demonstrated the grand appearance of a new Ea~t Asia under the leadership of Nippon. In effect, nothing is more absurd t.han to under- estimate the significance and importance of the scrie1. of affairs that took place in East Asia in the past two years. "A powerftil league of East Asiatic nations has been established. The composite strength of these countries is not Nippon's military force alone. "Since such a powerful East A~ia has ~een ('On- structe<l, it has be~ome very difficult to launch at- tacks II}Jon Nippon. "The present Greater Ea~t Asia Congrcs~ i~ taken as a preparatory measure to organize an al- liance among all the East Asiatic countries." to n. Imperial lllllilldiq ia T~ - ......... er-e.r Eaat A.ia c-- the Greater East Aaia Concresa listeainllf of the ,.rious representatiYea. creu. The Oaepolea are betJecked with the em- blems, f.-- Jeft to richt, of the Republic of the Philippines. Thailand, Nip- pon, National Go.enuaent of China, Manchoukuo, and Burma. (Contia•£ed From Pt~.g• 11) time dominated and oppressed and tyrannized by British imperialism. I can say at feast of these people that their liberation in the future depends to a very large extent on the success and the victory of Nippon and her allies in this war. Unless Anglo-American imperialism is wiped out of India, it will be difficult, perhaps impos- sible, for the suppressed Islamic nations to ever- throw the British voke and recover their lost liberty. · For India, there is no other path, but tlle path of uncompromising struggle against Brit- ish imperialism. £yen if it were possible for other nations to think of compromising with England, for the Indian people, at least, it is out of the question. Compromising with Brit- ain means to compromise with slaYer)' and· we are determined not to compromise with alaYery any more. I, therefore, want to assure Your Excellencies, that come what may, no matter how long anc hard the struggle may be, no matter what the suffering and the sacrifice involved may prove to be, we are determined to fight to the bitter end, being fully confident of our final victory. But I have no illusions :tbout the magnitude of the task that awaits us. I do not minimize the strength of the enemy. I claim to know the British people in- timateh· and at first hand. I have known them since (was a child of five and knowing therr so intimately, knowing the strength and the weak,ess of the enemy in Imlia, and knowing also our own strength and weakness, I feel fully confident of our ultimate victory. Mast Pay Price Of Liberty But we have to pay the price of our liberty. f'or Your Excellencies the problem is quite dif- ferent from what it is for India. You have only to repel any offensive launched by the enemy in the future. You have only to retain what yon have got now; you have only to pre~erve your own freedom. But the Indian people have ~·et to fight and win their freedom. I do not know how many of those who will go to war against our powerful and nnscrupulou~t l'nemy, I do not know how many of the members of our National Army will survive the coming war, hut that is of no consequence to us. Whether we indi•idually li•e or die, whe- ther we 5U1'Yi't'e the war and liYe to see India free or not, what is of ccmsequence is the fact that lndi" shall be free, that Anglo-American imperialism shall be wiped out of India, and the menace that now hangs oYer the whole of East Asia will be remoYed, once and for all. Assured of such an in\"incible ally as Nippon, as~ured of the support which Your Excellencie<> have so generously given us, and assured us for the future, we shall go to battle fully confident that the day of our salvation is at hand. Your Excellencies, in setting out to create a new order based on the sublime principles of justice, national sovereignty, reciprocity, and mu- tunl aid and 'lSsistancc, you are undertaking a task which is the noblest that the human mind can conceive. I pray to God that your noble efforts may be crowned with success. I pray to God th~t the dreams of Kakuzo Okakura and Sun Yat-sen mav be translated into reality. And I pray to God that this Joint Declaration which this historic Con- gress has unanimously adopted this afternoon may proye to be a charter for the nations of East Asia and, what is more, a charter for the suppressed nations of the whole world. May this. Joint Declaration prove to he in the world's history, the charter, the new charter of liberty for the year 1943 and after. Your Excellency, may I offer my respectful congratulations to yourself and to your Govern- ment for the noble manner in which you have given us the most eloquent proof of your bona fides and sincerity. You ha,•e ~ranted independence to Burma and the Philippine~. You ha\•e recognized the--Provi- sional GoYernment of Azad Hind which' represent~ a population numb~ring about one-fifth of the humnn race. You ha,•e just entered into a most honorable treaty with China. And what is per- haps· the most important, you have proceeded stea<lilv and br,.velv with the task of reconstruc- tion, ,;·bile engaged in a life and death struggle with powerful and unscrupulous enemies. I t>rny that Nippon's role in the creation of a new and free Asia may be fully and finally con- summated. • In conclusion, I may assure Your Excellency that if you and your distinguished colleagues suc- ceed in this mission as I hope, trust, and believe you will-your names will go down in history not merely as the makers of a new Nippon, not merely as the makers of a new East Asia, not only as the makers of a new Asia, but as the makers and the architects of a new world. The statement of important signi- ficance delivered bv Hi's Excellency Prime Minister Hideki Tojo of Nippon in the course of the afternoon session of the I second and last day of the Greater East Asia Congress, in which he promised the transfer of Ahdarnan and Nieobar Islands to the Govemment of Free India follows: • I 1' has bee-n highly gratifying to he¥ from His Exccllcl'lcy the Head of the Provisional Gov- ernment of Azad Hind that the 400-million people of India Juye risen and under the vigorous leadership of the Provisional Government, are now marching forward with strong determination to the attainment of their cherished freedom, in- dependence, and pro~perity of Free India. This is a rna ter for cohgratulations not only for India but for all the peoples of Greater East Asia. The position of the Imperial Nippon Govern· ment on the independence of India baa been made clear fn several previous· statements. Nippon has the earnest intention to accord ever~· possible assista nce to India so that India may be liberated from the Anglo-American yoke and enabled to attain her long-cherished aspira- tions. In view {)f the fact that the Provision- al Government of Azad Hind has been firmly established and in view of the ardent desire and solidarity of the Indian people who have risen up to accomplish their age-long ambition, I wish to declare on this occasion that the Imperial Nippon Government is prepared to place, in the near future, the islands of Andaman and Nicobar, now under the occupation of the Nippon forces, into the hands of the Pro- visional Government of Azad Hind as the first stag·e in the realization of an Inde- pendent India. The fundamental spirit of the Nippon Em- pire has always been to enable all countries each to have its rightful place and every people to enjoy the happiness and security that are their due. I arn happy to say that this great ideal is being steadily translated into realities. On this occasion, Nippon renews and further '>tren~thens her determination to do everything possible for the independence of India and, at the same time, she hopes that the Indian people, in and out of India. will do their utmost for this t•omrnon cause. I fe!t greatly encouraged to hear from Your Excellencies, the Representatives of the nations assembled here, that their position nnd attitude towards the indepen(lence· of lndin :tre identical with tlw.t of Nippon, and that they, too, are doing their utmost to support India in renlizinl! her early independence. I feel confident that they \\ill do so, and I wish to add tht> hopt" that they will continue as heretofore to t•xtend t>\'ery pos- sible cooperation a.ncl support for the early at- tainment of complete independence for India. Published by The Mainichi Shimbun-sha, Osaka, Nippon (Japan) December 5, 1943 Printer & Publisher: Kiyoshi Suko ;;1 3'Wlt~~l.t6 Iii s a f1i oo iiit lllUO "t" J\ ~ "t" = J'J ~ E I3J 11i1 fliUif 1ft ~ ~ -+- .l!!ll ~~"t"J\~"t"=~nE~fl flffiBA ~ o t~ WIUI~il81i1 ;Q 3 6 0 1 <1 00.0 00) eil!ll¥0. 2 5 IIMiC ««ifiJ!mX~=T~1tJIIIII E~• E~IIJI'iJ 1 3 1 51 9 • Q (J ,. ,- • -- --------------I t L ....................... . BEWARE OF THE TRIPLE THREAT !!I Hi, Joe, I sure hate to be in your shoes! Your commander certainly chose a helluva place to land. Don't you know what dan· gers confront you in Mindoro? · They are the TAMARA OS, the ANO- PHELES MOSQUITOES, and the JAPAN· ESE SOLDIERS. The tamaraos are the fiercest animal on earth, found only in Mindoro. When you march through the jungles, look out1 They come at you unawares and you're a dead man before you know what hit you. The Anopheles mosquitoes are veritable "malaria bombers." And believe me, theJ don't give a damn when or where they hit. And once hit, you're a goner. And the Japanese soldiers! They'n even worse than the tamaraos or the Ano- pheles mosquitoes. You should know with· out my telling you.. By the way, Joe. Mindoro meant ••mina de oro" or "mine of gold" in yoU! lingo. Dig for some in your spare time. Even if you fail to locate any, the hole wiD still serve as your grave. So long, pal. You•re .a long way from home. boys, in hostile territory. But don't worry, boys; your lives are not in immediate danger. Why? Be- cause we'll not bother with you small fry. It's much simpler to iso- late you by cutting your life-line. So fire away, boys, to your hearts• contentl , 0 0 American Gobs and Doughboys Love Women American landing in the Philippines will be another source . for headaches to the brown Don Juans and Casanovas in t.he islands. Yankees' love of women is a widespread know- . ledge and they would stop at nothing in order to satisfy their desires. Whether she be a virgin or a wife makes no eJifference to them. "Anything with skirts on" is their outlook toward women. American soldiers' conduct in the European theatre of war has been so appalling that the U.S. · War Department has been repeatedly forced to impose strict measures on the amorous soldiers. But in spite of all rules and regulations, American boys have strewn a countless number of "war ba- bies" and broken hearts in their wake. It may be recalled that when the Yankees first landed in Iceland, the Iceland Government strictly prohibited the girls to hold any conversation or contact with the American soldiers. Here was one place where the Yankees were stalled. In reta- liation the Americans nicknamed them the "Frozen Beauties." So, beware you fellas. Hang on tight to your 11weethearts, fiancees and wives. Let's not allow them to repeat the tragedies they have 110wn and • .,.. enwi'IUI' ID i:u?Oue •11d A uat...alia FALL OF IMPHAL Way to Whole India Now Open!! lmphal has fallen ! ! The Indian National Army in conjunction with the Imperial Japanese Forces has at last captured Imphal-the strongest defense line of the enemy and the key to the whole of India. The fall of Imphal not only means rejoicings for the whole peoples of India and Greater East Asia, but spells also the beginning of the doom of nearly a century of British Imperialism in India. ' lmphal has fallen ! ! And today, the entire Indian people, 350,000,000 strong, are behind our great and able leader, Subhas Chandra Bose, who organized the Indian National Army and are rendering him every possible assistance - physical, material, moral and otherwise. And those of us, 3,000,000 men, women and children residing outside of India in East Asia, and especially those who are living in the Philippines, a newly created Independent country, are with him to the last man, pledging our all - our life, our property and our sacred honor that our noble cause and righteous mission may be successfully prosecuted and fulfilled. We enjoin our brethren in the East to take up thE> cudgel against our common foe and to smite them to the finish. Hark Ye to our voice - our Voice of Freedom ! ! And with the torch of righteousness held up on high, extend a helping hand and march side by side with brother Orientals who are fighting on God's side for the redemption of our common Motherland. THE INDIAN INDEPENDENCE LEAGUE, PHILIPPINES i!rqr .iloint ilrrlaratiou It is a basic principle for the establishment of world peace that the nations of the world have each its proper place and enjoy prosperity in common through mutual aid and assistance. The United States of America and the British Empire have, in seeking their own prosperity, oppressed other nations and peoples. Especially in East Asia, they indulged in insatiable aggres- ~ion and exploitation, sought to satisfy their incredible ambition of enslaving the entire region and finally came to menace seriously the stability of East Asia. Herein lies the cause of the present war. The countries of Greater East Asia, with a view to contributing to the cause of world peace, underl·ake to cooperate toward prosecuting the War of Greater East Asia to a successful con- clusion, liberating their region from the yoke of British-American domination, ensuring their self- existence and self-defense and constructing a Greater East Asia in accordance with the following principles: I. The countries of Greater East Asia, through mutual cooperation, will ensure the stability of their region and construct an order of common prosperity and well-being based upon justice. 2. The countries of Greater East Asia will ensure the fraternity of the nations in their region by respecting one another's sovereignty and independence and practising mutual assistance and amity. 3. The countries of Greater East Asia, by respecting one another's traditions and develop- ing the faculties of each rece, will enhance the culture and civilization of Greater East Asia. 4. The countries of Greater East Asia will endeavor to accelerate their economic develop- ment through close cooperation upon a basis of reciprocity and promote thereby the general prosperity of their region. 5. The countries of Greater East Asia will cultivate friendly relations with all the countries of the world and work for the abolition of racial discrimination, the promotion of cultural intercourse and the opening of the resources throughout the world and contribute thereby to the progress of mankind. The above declaration was adopted u·nanimously by the representatives of Nippon, China, Thai- T(I.nd, MwnchmLknw, Bm·mrt and the Philippine!! 01t Not•embw IJ, 1943, at Tokyo. iitlly Dtill ile ilnur Dear Fellow Christian Friends: The Christian world should be aware by now that the present world-wide chaos is but a ful- fillment of things long foreseen by our Prophets-and that war gives as well as takes. For what intelligent nation, like the Philippines, can deny the fact that it has made her more oriental, more Asiatic, more Philippine. That it has divested her from Occidental clutches, and brought into existence the original Filipino-the genuine Juan de Ia Cruz in thoughts, words and deeds. That it has helped her develop her latent powers and bring to the fore her dormant capacities. Ample proofs of all these changes may be seen in all branches of social, cultural and industrial life. How- ever, all was not and is not, smooth sailing. But is it not only fair that you share in the struggles to justify your claim to the trophy? After all, this is also your war. Ambassador Vargas says: "We are in this war to win freedom and equality for all, without regard to color, race or politi- cal belief. We are in this war to secure the unhampered development of our native cultures and traditions in the shelter of unimpaired sovereignty and territorial integrity." Brethrens, we are not asking you to become pro-Japanese. Neither are we trying to im- pose our opinions upon you. All we ask is that you stop to think for a moment whether the pres- ent happenings represent the Will of God or not. Whether Japan's move is the substance of her own ideas or that of the Hand of God. Whether you would have acted differently had you been in her place and impelled by the same unseen hand that guides the destinies of nations. Consider these things, Brethrens, and then judge us. Have not events happened before wherein we had declared "God is writing His Will in History?" If that was our attitude before, why not now7 Long ago, the son of God died for our Redemption. Countless Christians suffered martyr- dom for the propagation of the Christian faith. So, the present war is, to use the words of Am- bassador Vargas, "to vindicate our natural and human right to live our own way of life in East Asia without interference, dictation· or exploitation from outside of East Asia." For what are America and England fighting? For what are we fighting? The Greater East Asia Five-Point Declaration answers these questions for us. It is the "crux of faith" of the Asians. The text of the Declarations is found in full on the reverse side. RELIGIOUS SECTION · DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION IMPERIAL JA!'ANtSE ARMY IT IS DANGEROUS TO READ THE FOLLOWING: 1. Don't pretend lunacy. Your surgeon will detect such deception, and you are sure to be tried by court-martial. Or if you succeed in passing as a lunatic, you will be invalided home, without any more chance to rejoin Y,OJir com- radea at the front. 2. Don't spit freely. If you do, you will be obsessed with the habit of spitting. And re- member, it is an early symptom of neurosis. · 3. Don't think the reverse of everything you chance to hear. Or it will easily become habit- ual with you and develop into regular symp- toms of neurosis. 4. Don't try to practise sleeping in a fixed posture. This is also one of the symptoms of neurosis. It is cont&ll'ious to your comrades-in- arms. 5. Don't be so nervous as to f..,l your heart- beat from time to time. Such a symptom al- ways appears in the early stages of lunacy. 6. Don't worry about the color of your ui-ine or excrement. This is also an early symptom of lunacy. 7. One week's practise is enoua-h to feign nat· urally the tremor of your hands, shoulder• and You have reached the Philippines at long last. We can well imagine t he big-shots who planned the Philippine operations bottoms-upping com- fnrtably back at home. But have yr u front-line soldiers ever stopped to think about the enormous losses America has suffered so far? The amount of material already consumed, if used otherwise, might have turned s '"' me South American coun- tries into first-class nations. How about human liYes? Your comrades have been killed in as f!•e<tt a number as th• cattl• butchered at the Chicogo s tockyard. The number of maimed and disabled men, or of those driven insane, exceeds bv far the t rtal capacity of ali ho•p;tals in the U. S. And yet this stupendous s&crifice of men and material has not put an end to th.i Ci war. Even a greater exhaustion is just beginning as the war rages on a far greater scale than here- tofore. This you know better than anybody el•e because you are standing at the head of a long procession of final victims. But why are you marohing to the southwestern Pa.cific? Because it is the will of your country. Then, why must you obey the will ~r your coun- try? Becau~e you, and all Y~"' Ur fe'low-country- men as '"ell , share in the benefit of your coun .. try. But ca,n those people who decitle the will of the country be never under any deluaion? Snm"time' th<>y ar<>. it is true. RECA USE. AS IT HAPPENS TO BE TRUE HERE. IT IS POS- STnT E FOR ONE LEADER A LONE. WH~N OR~B SF.D BY DELUSIONS. TO SEND MIL- LIONS OF INNOCENT MEN INTO THE JAWS OF DEA'l'H. Jell's. The tremor of the bead, especially, Is the most conspicuous siK'Il of neurosis. 8. If you practise to quickly roll your eyeballs horizontally witho.ut moving your head, it will eoon become habitual. This particular movement o.f the eyeballs preludes serious neurosis. Even w 1thout such a practice, your eyeballs will soon be~in to tremrtr unwittingly if you are constant- ly worried about it. 9. Don't fall into the habit of glancing side- ways at your comrades-in-arms. Your surgeon dislike• such a habit, as it predicts the approach- ing menace of neurosis. 10. Don't eat your own excrement or drink your own urine in the presence of others. If you do, you are sure to be branded as a lunatic, however warmly you may protest. 11. Don't mumble the same word• immediately aft<r you have spoken them. If you practise it repeatedly, your surgeon's verdict will inevi- tably be neurosis. 12. Don't try to develop your imaginative pow- er b the extent that all human faces look like animals'. Or yuu are likely to :s~ no more hu- man faces even on your friends. 13. Don't imitate an epileptic fit. If you practise it for three days, you will certainly have a real one. Then you are on your way to lu- na!=Y· . . ~--- ... -------- -· ~ WITH THE AMERICAN FORCES IN MINDORO (An Open Letter) January 10, 194,5 To my brother Filipinos in 1./uzon: To y.ou I address this humble le.tte1· about my family's experiences with the American invasion forces in Mindoro. Prior to thei·r landing, we Mindoreiios shared the same illusion that you probably have about the good things that the American libe- rators would 'bring back to us. Even after my three-year-old Julita died. from American strafing prior to landing operations, I consoled my griev- ing wife telling her any1,oay our troubles would soon be over, no more camote and casscwa and kangkong to eat, but plenty of pork-and-beans, butter, cheese, canned milk, and other genuine American goods. My wife and I, with other Mindoreiios rejoiced and welcomed the landing of the Americans, expecting to receive the rnuch-awaited foods and medicines. But since the soldiers did not come to help us, we went to thci·r camp and appealed for help. We told the soldiers that we had1 suffered so much, lost many lives and considerable property. We were sick and famished. One of the soldiers told us: "Go to hell! Our provisions are only for us. But ou1· families are sick and dying, we pleaded. "That's your funeral," remarked a hard-boiled soldier, and as he turned ar·ound to leat'e, added, ''You can all go to hell for all we care!'' We did not gb;e up hope. We called after them and said thai; the Americans hat•e made us expect so much by their prorni,ses, but would they not save the Filipinos BY ACTING instead of BY TALKING? This 1nust have annoyed some of thetrl-. They started acting. They kicked us a.round, and some of them fired at us. After this, we decided to escape from Mindoro. With a group of f1"iends, we set out on a "batel" for Batangas. But before we had barely set out, a formation of American pianes suddenly appeared and swooped down upon us and strafed us blindly. My wife was among the first to be hit. Others 10ere either killed or wounded. Seeing that my wife wa.<J beyond helping, I dived into the water and struggled for the dir;ta.nt shore of Batangas. I don't know how long I remained in the water. I grew numb and lost consciousness. When I opened my eyes, I was on a hard wooden bed with a Ja.panese soldier bending over to inject something which put warmth and life into my numb body. I was afraid of him for a minute, but soon I learned that he was an Army doctor, that his unit saved me from joining my wife and friends in the watery grave which was the "pasalubong" of the Ame1·ica.n "libera.tors" to them. As soon as I am strong enough to go m·ound, I shall tell my fellow- Filipinos about my experience. I don't know how they will react, but I shall not rest until I ha1'e done my bit to drive the American invaders j1·om our dear country. Sa?;iors! They are our enemies. I hope that this open letter would open my people's eyes to the truth so that thery ma·y act in this crucial moment. Sincerely, ISIDORO L. JAVIER Th·e · N ewsette YEAR 1 Germans Launch Major Offensive STOCKHOLM, Dec. 18-The German Army has . opened its first major offensive s~nce Nor- mandy, and has driven across the borders of Belgium and Luxem- bourg at three points after pour- ing an inferno of shells into the U. S. First Army and brought the Luftwaffe out of hiding . to support the attack, Reuters re- ports from London. The main blow appeared t() be aimed at the Belgian city of Mal- medy, 23 miles south of Aachen. The German tanks overran the American posit>ions near Horsfeld, two miles inside the Belgian bor- der. The Germans drove a spear- head into the area south of Monschau and were attacking at various points along the 60-mile front from Rotgen sou war d. All the attacks were supported by strong air formations. U.S. Creates 5-Star Rank Generals and Admirals LISBON, Dec. 16-The United States Senate unanimously con- firmed Roosevelt's nominations of four army officers and three navy men to a newly created five-star rank general of the army · and admiral of the fleets, according to an Associated Press dispatch from Washington. Those promo- ted were Generals Marshall, Mac- Arthur, Eisenhower, Arnold, and Apmirals Leahy, King and Ni- mitz. RAF Headquarters In Greece Captured LISBON, Dec. 21-It is offi- cially announced that the RAF / headquarters in Greece was cap- tured by Guerillas after severe fighting which lasted all day of December 18 and far into the night, reports Special Correspon- dent to Athens Robert Bigio. MANILA, DECEMBER 22, 1944 NUMBER 4 1 Enemy Cruiser, 2nd Wave of German Enemy Loses Over 40 5 Transports Sunk Or Offense Hits B 29' Damaged Off Mindoro Americans Hard - S Over Nagoya TOKYO, Dec. 19-In their un- interrupted attacks on American warcraft in the vicinity of San Jose, Mindoro, the Japanese air units on December 17 and 18 sunk one cruiser and three transports and set ablaze or damaged two other transports, the Imperial General Headquarters announced at 4 p. m. today. The J a'panese ;;tirforce in the Philippines including the Special Attack Squadrons of the Army and Navy is making incessant sorties against the enemy convoy south of Mindoro Island and also against the enemy task force in the waters east of Luzon Island with brilliant war results. In addition to sinking as many c.a 25 ene.ny nava.l v""""l" within three days from December 13 to 15, the Nippon units sank five enemy vessels including one bat- tleship or cruiser off Mindoro Island on December 15 and 16 as announced by Daihon-ei on Dec- ember 17. British Orient Line Announces Loss 3 Large Liners Of LISBON, Dec. 16-The British Orient Line, after two years of silence, now announced the loss of three of its largest liners. Two of them were torpedoed and sunk within 48 hours two years ago off the western coast of Africa by German submarines, according to Reuters from London. The third ship was sunk in 1940 in the North Sea when the British eva- LISBON, Dec. 21-A second powerful wave of German men and armor was hurled against the already hard-hit American First Army in Belgium and Lux- embourg and deepened t·he pene- trations made by the Germans' furious fourday offensive, says U. P. from New York. A late Associated Press dis- patch declared that the situation along the entire 60-mile front is "both confused a n d serious." Front dispatches released in de- tail for the first time disclosed that the main German drive is being made in the area of Stave- lot, a key Belgian t<>wn 20 miles from the German border. u_ - a.r p Board Bans Civilian Production LISBON, Dec. 17-The United States War Production Board banned indefinitely the extension of all civilian production beyond the level of the current quarter, United Press reports from Wash- ington. Men between 26 and 37 years of age will become eligible for conscription if they leave war jobs for unessential work. 'fhe order coincides with the declara- tion by Charles Hay, executive director of the War Manpower Commission. It is estimated that America will face a deficit of 25,000 men for war industries by March. German's New V W eapoo Varies With V-2 Rocket cuated Narvik. LISBON, Dec. 20-Major-Gene- All three of the ships were ral Levins Campbell, chief of used as transports. The gross army ordinance, disclosed that tonnage and name of each were: the new secret of V Weapon "Orcades" 23,000 tons, "Oronsay" used by the Germans in the cur- 20,000 tons, and "Orema" 19,840 rent offensive is variant of V-2 tons respectively. The f i r s t Rocket which bombed London but named was the most modern ves- smaller, reports Associated Press sel of the company. from London. TOKYO, Dec. 19-0ut of some 70 B-29's of the U. S. 21st bomber squadron, based in the Marianas, which raided Nagoya area yester- day, over 40 planes or nearly 70 percent of the raiders were lost as a result of heavy counter- attacks by Japanese air and land units. Our losses were only two planes which crashed into enemy raiders and four which failed to return to their base. Anti-aircraft guns downed two and dama:ged eight others. British Air Vice-Marshal Reported Lost LISBON, Dec. 21-British Air "niste Sir Archibald Sinoh•-=~ declared ln "the House o:t: Com- mons today that an extensive search and inquiries had failed to establish the cause of the loss of Air Vice-Marshal Sir . Trafford Leigh Mallory's aircraft or the fate of its occupants, according to news dispatch from London. He could not answer the question where the disaster took place, adding that the aircraft was al- legedly shot down by a new type of long range German fighter. Japanese Advances in China Worry Chinese and Allies LISBON, Dec. 20-British For- eign Affairs Minister Anthony Eden, in reply to a question about Chinese war situation, told the House of Commons today that the recent Japanese advances constituted a menace to the Chi- nese and Allies, according to Reuters from London. In answer to a question whether steps are being taken to equip the Chinese troops, Eden answered that the problem is very largely one of transport and getting the stuff there. Page 2 THE NEWSETTE December 22, 1944 THE ETERNAL TRIANGLE America, Britain and Soviet Russia are fighthig a triangular political dog-fight in Europe, each trying to outdo the others in the establishment of a sphere of influence and the belief is gaining ground that the proposed Big-3 confer- ence will be difficult to hold within the year. If a common front is to be maintained, an early settle- ment of European problems is imperative. But this seems impossible at present in view of the various frictions be- tween the three countries and Stalin's obvious reluctance to join in the conversations. British policy is to preserve western Europe and the Mediterranean under control of Downing Street, which in- tention is clearly shown in the Atlantic Charter, but had later become but a mere scrap of paper. The United States advertises the .,principle of world security guarantee as a means of pursuing her policy of world domination. The realistic-minded Soviet Russia is carrying out a program for the partition of Europe. "And hereafter if there's anything you don't liloo·, come to m~on't write to Mrs. Roosevelt." Under such circumstances, it is little wonder that the three cannot get together for the political upheaval in Eu- rope. Present state of affairs in Belgium, Greece and Italy .-------------------:--------.... makes a concrete picture of the political chaos. D. ffi ) . Ah The recent extension of Soviet influences to western I CU. tieS ead, Europe and the Mediterranean has caused no little alarm at Baldwin warns London and Washington. Churchill flew to Moscow asking for Stalin's understanding about placing western Europe and LISBON, Dec. 18-Contributing the Mediterranean under British influence, but his mission an article about the landing of ended in a flop. American troops on Mindoro is- e Soviet Russia has already established a firm foothold of the New York Times, Hanson in the Mediterranean after advancing into the region through Baldwin, military commentator the Balkans and Italy simultaneously with its. success in for the paper, expresses the view neutralizing Turkey. Unless London and Washington fully that military operations on the is- cooperate to offset Soviet's influence, they will never be able land will be as difficult and as to stop Russia's drive. Taking Italy for instance. While prolonged as those on Leyte. America and Britain are still continuing to enforce military He points out that hostilities on administration, Soviet Russia has won over the people by Leyte have not yet ended. diplomatic means. Declaring that . the waters As regards America and ~ritain, each is accusing the aro~nd Mindoro island are st.r~­ other of failing to maintain a common policy with respect t~g~cally favored for th.e actlVl- to the anti-Axis occupied territories, as indicated by the fact ~Ies 0~ .Japanese submarmes plus that U. S. Secretary of State Stettinius denounced the British 1~tensified atta~ks by Japanese policy as that of armed intervention. On the other hand, air fo.rce, Baldwm warns that the when the Washington Government concluded an air pact with Amenca»:s must be prepared for the Spanish Government without consulting London, Britain the Ftow;n~hloss;: ofh~essel~ a:ha expressed open displeasure over America's unilateral move. Mre~ud 0 et· unc mg 0 e m oro opera 10ns. U. 5. Ho.me Front Too Optimistic LISBON, Dec. 18-The Ameri- can home front is too optimistic re adin because of Army censorship, Representa- tive J. Parnell Thomas (Republi- can, New Jersey), told a United Press correspondent at the Amer- ican 5th Army's headquarters in Italy, according to a dispatch re- ceived here. Thomas, who is the ranking opposition member of the House Military Committee, announced that he would lead in an investi- gation into the six basic shortages on the Western Front which, he said, are affecting the progress of the war, namely, the rate of casualties, soldier morale, the growing shortage of heavy ammu- nition and rubber tires, and the British Warned of German Step-Up Flying Bomb Attack Rift in Enemy Camp Admitted Churchill is reported to have lack of capital ships and blood for stated that it is doubtful whether transfusions. STOCKHOLM, Dec. 21-Ad- dressing the House of Commons LISBON, Dec. 21-The British yesterday, British Prime Minister press warned today that it is pos- Winston Churdhill declared that sible that the Germans may step- up their flying bomb attack on Britain, according to U. P. report reaching here. New damages and casualties were caused yesterday e-nd Ja.at ~ht, &dded the report. Britain, the United States, and Soviet Russia lack a full agree- ment of opinion about the prob- lems of Greece, according to a dii!pateh from Londo:P· a complete agreement of opinion exists among the three countries although they are mutually coope- rating in the carrying-out of the war itself. The French front, he continued, suffered the shortages mentioned even more than on the Italian front. The Committee members, meanwhile, agreed that generally He stressed that it is absolutely more guns, ammunitions and sol- necessary from all standpoints to diers might be alloted to the maintain the most intimate com- Italian front because they are all monness at the present important amazed at the difficulty of the moment if victory in the world country and the strengh of the war. iA to l:MI thei.rlt. German mountain defenaea. 1946 j Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat jSun Mon Tue Wed 'I'hu Fri Sat 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 a 4 5 & 7 J 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ~ 8 9 10 11 12 18 14 A 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 L 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 N I 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 y I 22 23 24 25 26 27 2S 28 29 30 31 29 30 31 Fl 1 2 t3ol A I 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 :I 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 u I 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 21 22 23 241G 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 26 27 28 29 30 31 -- Ml 1301 ~ 1 2 1 2 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 A I 11 12 13 14 15 16 171 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 R 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 ~ 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 I 23/ 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 T f2- 3 4 5 6 l4\o I 1 2 3 4 5 6 A 8 9 10 11 12 13 7 8 9 10 11 12 IS p 15 16 17 18 19 20 211C 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Rl 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 T I 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 28 29 30 31 Ml 1 2 3 4 :2\N I 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ~ I 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 0 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 23 24 25 261V I 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 J - 1--2 ~ I 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 u 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 N E 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 c I 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23ho 24/31 25 26 27 28 29 TODA Y'S SACRIFICE OR TOMORROW'S SLAVERY? ACT R SCE.NE I IGA' S PL \ Tl-115 MAY HAPPEN TO YO Hob::'ru war :ls clrHCtdfttl nn'.l lwrrible. , 1 . ·.; r; t. -, ]_c you like~ it or not~ r'llJst 'mlk :::long the' pntr"t of ch;a th. Enc!h step you t.nk~~ is l e: ::1ding you to death. T.1ust your beluverl w:Lft" cFld love1 ones '"nn ore :J • ., lJ_CtLLJ prny:lng for your snfety ~JC' O tJ:-J ei:r pr1yc rs ~ o for nou&ht? Should you d:le ever ything ends. Novertholoss, you arG be inc; led lF~o dnJ"lb c~ttlc to the slaughterhouse . . :., Oh? cur sod bo this wnr! Cursc;d be thG var,.,longo'ins leadurs and offic nrs ~:rho stny snfoly behind t1K lines "~"f•: ilo you are beine dr iven to death! Hey! You dil#ers! 1111 t:alllti,IHJ NW. he COIIquered! Tllinlan9 YOtJ ai99ers' vet come ~ck a/i~e . tha BLACKS and tlla YANKS ~te tq>in9 your wives, your d•u;hters. your sweetlle•rts--theyie helpless without your ptOtectlon. Your futute hipp•'neSS iS at state! £me less Aussie silllp/y means em mc;e Yank ·safely In the home. Surely you'll not ~ive up your lives to make tllis possthle. Can't He Be Original ? "Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!" Oh, Darling, you soy it in the sweetest way ... If ~ ~- .,, J:t, 7AHu1 ~ ~ ~ ~~~~-'7-~ ~ ~- W-L "-'-!. ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~~~A1a'~~~ -~ tL<z..- r ~ ~ .Lu<1.,, ~ J fd- .4-C ~ ~ ~ ~- a.LL- J:Ju_ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~ ~.Afl~rr~~ ~~ ~ ~~. J:t. ~~~~~~ ~~~~~ 0. ~ . ~ J. ~~ - ~ tc tc p & \ •• ~ < ~v I'C. "&:: flJ 11: -?lh tc ~ I) IZ::. 1:. t.ti! -?~ -c .. ':~ 1± '/;~ ~ ~~ t:: "" v 7 7 -{ !} ([) 1:': 4i v X .([) f ~ X 0. 4-r.t 1:. 7 IZ::. tr. I '/ I -r , ..... v -r 0) Jll!u ~= !. .. t! ~" ~ < t> t, u 4! tJ.-rb. (-) a. A LIOJi' AND A HOUSE (PABI' L) 1 """ 'ill .t.l '£r"';:)"t: 'b 'tit.. 'ko. Onoe a ltoa was asleep. 2 Ia. "JJ1J.. ~.. t,., t, (/) -1: tf ;e: 411J~l,1'co A D¥*e pa.ased b:v the UoDa. 8 L~ '/JS ~ t: ~~t."C " ~- ~"" ~l, -e... .ta?a. ~ ,c: ...... ~t...1eo .11e11tc ......a, the lloa pieued tile moue c1o.1m 1I1ICier his btc JIM'.. 4 ~ A ~<&- L1Z.. ra8~ ••t..-rf < ~c: "'oJ l: J\:C.). ~ L 1tO aa. mou. .- very much &DI'• 1Po p1.'lilecl, alia Gtreated. aayiJJg, What WJUI a~W-.f •'Pieallf ~ my Ufe." a t..t.. -..?<7J. ft ~Ott.-t: ~Js-L1eo 'l'be llob ~ tbe .,.... ao. t --~ ~"'C~ Lt.. '/J'".., b1t IC ~~) jfl,'/e.o -- • feW c~ap. u.. u~ wa.s C!aUPt ID a tap. T c! 't."C\ ~t1&tt.t~.Vo :S. strtllllecl to •aaape but ID --. .8 t..L. t£ .. • .. ~ '1!! '1t-" tot,~ ,_ HOD JO&red l~ I tl.i-1J. tt, .'£:0 CA i: ! \f\"t:, 1"~ ~lj'~ft'tl.1'co Jlea.r1Dc the roar <pt the Uon,) the motUie ran to the Hon at CIIIOB,. (and said,) 2 t,., t,., 0 .t;tr 1: 1t tt. '/J'".. c I'! IJ ~ t... ~ 'il'e Wha.t passed .,. the lion! 3 t, t... t1 '1-r ~ t: c: "t t, ~ 1.,'/e. '/P.o Why wu the BOll aroused from sleep? 4 t. t, tt .. *tl81t ~t, -e .. tt tc. t: *l,$"" ~ t... tc ~0 What did th ~n press down under his pawf 5 b. -t-1J. tt t, t, IC,. 1tlv c tc<D 1J. "t t, ~ ~0 ! Ill what wo'rda d14 the mouse en. .• --... -, treat the lion f 6 .::=:tc.-;· ft"!:)-t:, t,t. t1 e ,S:.~iOFi"~"!!"""l!'~~~-IQ.i, 5 t, "t t., 1'c 1J~o What happened to the lion after ~hA. ra wa n - - :t • • • • • • • • • • • ••••••••••••••••••• . ., ....................... . LAST NUMBER Otitulte irn. 1\lahi-n:a.hon, Being calm. This Issue of the Weekly Nip· poJlBO will be the last num,. Kefkaku. Balak. Plan. ber of the three-year-old publi- Kessenzyoo. Larongan ng mag- cation, which will . be disconti· > papasiyang ~abanan. Decisive nu d for th~ time bei g. The 1 ba.ttlc<field. e-ditor takes this op.por.tun:ty to Unmei ga kimaru, Balsiyahan an;; thank its readers for their earn. krupalaran. Deoide the d~stiny, est efforts to master the Japa· Melyo. Karangalam, Honor. aese J:amguage, as welil as t<J -;x. tend to them his best wishes for contimred sueoess in their atudies. It in its three years of effort this paper has contributed to the propagation of Nippongo IIUJlOng the Filipinos ~aJnd has he}perl bring about a closer understanding between the Ja· panese and Filipino peoples, the editor feels that his efforts have been amply compensated. The Editor AZI4 NO .BISQO ~ o turanuku. Maiupa!d l1!1lg almulain. To realize iodeaJs. Jl&tat kaJai&'to. Ma.tatag na pag. 'ka.t.ale.8L 1!11rm d~termin:a.tion. DOKURITU NI TAISUBU Kaihoo suru. Katu"busa:n. Libe'ra· tion. Elen no. Wa.Iang mal\w. Everlast- ing, eternal. SyuP,patu-ten. Pook na pa.gmu. mulan. Starting point. Selzon-ken o syutyoo su.ru. Ka- tlgan ang karapatang mabu- hay. To advocate right of exis- tence. Boppatu. Magsimula. Outbreak. Hor.yo. Bilanggo. Prisoner. Zyunsul na zfko glsei no taido. Lantay na diwa ng pagpapaka. sakit, Purely Of self-sacrlfic!a.I attitude. NIPPON NO GEIZYUTU.HIN Geizyutu-hln. Mga. bagay na pan. sining, Objects of art. Kansatu suru. Gunitaln. 'Do observe. Tyookoku. Eskultura, Sculpture. Yakfmono. Mga kagamitang por. selana at lupa. Porcelain aDd earthen ware, Orlmono. Tela. Textile. Men. Maskara, Mask. Kusf. Suklay. Comb. Sara. Pinggan, Plate. Butuzoo, Estatuwa ni Budlaa. Buddha statue. Kaboto. Kapasete. Helmet, KANSYA DIE HUKA.EBU Oosawagi o suru. l&J.olngal na pagdirlwang. Pompous oelebra- tion. Sosen. Mga. ninu1110. .A.ncestor.s. On, Utang na loob. Gm.tetuJn,ess. Kamldana. Dalanginang pang- ma.g-anak. Family shrinle. Motlgome. Ma~agklt ('D& bigu). Sticky rice, Nita. Pinakul1.181n, Bo-iled. 7 l) -r ~ '-./ B ll:fil 11'1 B 13 -'T -~-. A 0 L__ I friJ jJ 0 L__ o lJ B ~ L,_ ____________ _ I . ~ TOI KOTAE Anata no tlkaku ni iiiba ga ari masu ka.. May palengl<e po ba sa malapit sa inyo? Is there any market nea'r your place? Mis'e. Ta1yer, tindahan,. Sh(Jp, J{eisatu wa tool desu lea. Mala- yo po ba sa inyo ang himpi- Ian ng pulisya? Is tbe police station far? • ©© I t l ~ ~I ~ t: I t' ' ~ = @@ ~ . Anata wa asa hayaku sanpo o si masu Ita. Nagpapasyal po ba lrayo kung umaga. Do you go for a walk early in the morning? 1\lai niti b:rune o suru desyoo. Hindi kayo nagpapahinga a. raw-araw? Don't you take a siesta every day? R'm -c """ jJ if> ~ 0 '6 tc * IX. -;,....._ Q f;~l -;e ;iJ: §~' u -'t> L, ""Wi i; ';' 00000000000 L -f' -- ;A .-r _,, 7 -f .-r .-r .:c 17- ~ I ·:; "T l} lJ ""'7 ........ ""'7 -ir ~ A ;:/ 0 0 ~ ~· .-r ........ ~1::. 7 7.-f .-r )1.- -)- -T ;z:. • ::';*~I "!1' ~ """ .-r ~ "'<(' ;r -t: :/ - - 1\ ~ ~ $ .&',( ?l' 1J ~ ~ 4 ·r ~ .1< 9f 0 ~~··' 1s.( I .~· . ·~ ' I ' ~ 1l 0 4 g~ -#~'\) : . ~--~ ' ' . ~ '1,'. ~ ., 9 :? -~, n --~ 0 y · fJ II ' ·y · •• I 1 '(} ) rJJ 1 ) '"'\. ~ f, 'f~\ ~- ' ,.,.... ' . 1J 7..' . .; 1 \ it • ~ ~ ,~,, """" \~ I 7 ~ "' }"'\~'- 1 ~1 "· *-1) ' }"'\ ' 0 ~ 1C}!·f -{? ~:~ in ;f~ t{ t ..,.,.-. .m~r-~t~· :t r ,t· ~ ·w!? 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'· C!k lfl a) ~ + '¥- ,~ TO DEAL THE FOE THE FATAL BLOW de grfice in ·the fin.al and decis.ive battle. No. 123 ~ JG ii KIGENSETSU (The Song of the Foundation of Japanese Empire) ~ J.ag f ~ ; J I ; ; J J ' I ; ; ; J I ;. J , ~ .: ~ ~· .::&. ,., ~ 11 ~ * / KU MO NI so BI YU RU TAKA CHI HO NO ~..,..A .. 7 ...,. ~ ,.., ~' :.. .,. :A / UNABA RA NA SE RU HA NI YA su NO 7 .... ., ~ ., It( / ~ tl t , 7 A MATSU HI TSU GI NOTA KA MI KU RA ~ 7 .: 'II "Ji ._. , ~ / :e " ,I so RA NI KA GA YA KU HI NO MO TO NO ' J . I J J J I ; J J l J J ; I ). I ? 11 * :t D v :. , .,. ~ ~ :e TA KA NE 0 RO SHI NI KU SA MO KI MO ... ~ / :t $ " 9 ..,. :t t: 12 • I KE NO 0 MOYO RI NA 0 HI RO KI .,. 9 9 12 -::~· - !I .::. .:::L ,., li 7 • CHIYO YO RO zu YO NI YU RU GI NA KI !112 ":JI. " , .: ~ ~ t;~• i .,. • YOROZU NO KU NI NI TA GU I NA KI ~ 2 I J J J I ,J. ,I J r I r r r r J ~ .,. t:,• ~ 7 v , ;::of * :t t 9 * NA BI KI HUSHIKE N 0 0 MI YO 0 ~~ t / ..,.. ~ ... ::. 7 t v " :t MEGU MI NO NA- MI NI A MI SHI YO 0 ~ .. -'( .,. ¥ ~ v :1 I 11 t :t MO TO I SA DA ME SI so NO KA MI 0 ~ .::. / t ...... v 7 ~ ~ ~ if :t KU NI NO MI HA SHIRA TATE SHI YO 0 ~ '2 l r r IJ J J ; 2 I J J ; J I J. t I 7 :t ,. ~-- :a ~ ~ / ::... , J.rr' A 0 GU KYO 0 KO so TA NOSHI KE RE 7 * ,. :Ita- :a ~ Jl / v ~ J.rr' A 0 GU KYO 0 KO so TA NO SHI KE RE 7 * 1/ ··- ::I :1 ~ / v , "' A 0 GU KYOO KO so TA NO SHI KE RE 7 * q• ~.- :a :1 ~ I v , J.rr' A 0 GU KYO 0 KO so TA NO SHI KE RE KIGENSETU High above the clouds there stands Mt. Takachiho, And the grass and tall trees bow Their heads obedient To the gust of wind that blows Down the mountain-top. 0 what joy to greet this bright And glorious day! Broad as the boundless waters Of the open sea, Wider far than the surface Of the quiet lake, Is the expanse of his love-- To be bathed in it! 0 what joy to greet this bright And glorious day! This mighty throne eternal Shall, everlasting Stand unshaken for ages, Nay, a hundred thousand years; On this day the stone was laid Whereon it doth rest. 0 what joy to greet this bright And glorious day! Great Land of the Rising Sun Shining through the skies, Land whose mighty foundation On this day was laid, Land blest above all others, Land without compare. 0 what joy to greet this bright And glorious day! A mau~.a fnr.a .a4all br t4ry nf 4t.a nwu 4nu.arqnl~. l;t. Slatt~rm 1 0. 36 Your foes are they of your own country- American Big Business which is driving you to the gigantic slaughter-house the world has ever known. · Ehristmas Eve c5\ll' s 71Vell LET US REMEMBER ONE THING ···IT ISN'T OUR WAR ® onofuill to Aillt en lr rauunt srrur ~n~ au~ mammnu. ~t. fttattbem 6, 24 President Roosevelt cannot serve the people and the Big Business. I heard the bells on Christmas da~ Their old familiar carols pla~, And wild and sweet the words repeat Of peace on earth, goodwill to men. I thought how, as the da~ had come, The belfries of all Christendom Had rolled along the unbroken song Of peace on earth, goodwill to men. And in despair I bowed m~ head! 1 There is no peace on earth,' I said, 1 For hate is strong, and mocks the song Of peace on earth, goodwill to men': Then pealed the bells more loud and deep: 'God is not dead, nor doth He sleep; . The wrong shall fail, the right prevail, With peace on earth, goodwill to men.' Henry W. Longfellow "America provoked Japan to such an extent that Japan was compelled to attack the Americans at Pearl Harbor," said Oliver Lyttleton, British Minister of Production, at a luncheon arranged by the U. S. Chamber of Commerce in London on june 20, 1944. ~ man's foes sl!all he ti!et! of qis otttn qousel!olb. di. 'Jrlauhew @hapler a, 36 (Your /aes ctre JlteJ' o[ J!OUr Otvn COUniYJ!== Wmer,"caH §3;g c!J3us;tt7ess t.vft;c/t ;s cfr;V;I'lg you fo the g;ganft.c sfaughfer=house the world has ever known. Friends! ror the first time si'nce 1857, we ha'l'e a I(O'i)erJ/JJJ('llt of our O'WJJ, recogmZ..ed hy so many .po-wcJ:ful allies ahroad. For . . the first time si'nce 1857, our countrymen outside Indi'a- particularly ' in .Asi'a and Rurope-are stalJdi'nl( shoulder to shouldrr with our • A:;/i~, ':~ freedom-fil(htrrs at /J(/!?!fr· For the first time !i'nce 1857, India is ~··-4i''. ~ .. ripe for revoluti'on.fiJ·'f;ast hut not least-thanks to the ruthless ... ~.~ exploi'tati'on rarri'ed oJ/ by our tyra1111iral op'pressors, hunger, famine and star~'ati'oJJ are further I(Oadi'nl( the ludi'an people on to revolution. The stage is therefore set for commencing the last War of Indian Independence. Countrymen at home and abroad! Lose no· time. Gird up your loins and launch the last struggle at once. · · We, here in East Asia, are doing everything possible, ~ith the help of our powerful allies. Soon we mttst cross the frontiers of India and plant the flag of freedom on India ·soil. Then will begin the long and historic march to Delhi -the march that will end only when the last Britisher is thrown out of India-when our national flag proudly floats over the Viceroy's House in New Delhi --and when India's Army of Liberation holds its victory parade inside the ancient Red Fortress of India's metropolis. --Subhas Chandra Bose Subhas Chandra Bose, Chief of the Pro- visional Government of Free India and· Head of the Indian National Army_ . . . UNDER· OUR FLAG .·OF .INDEPENDENCE! --.. The Indian National Army ready for action . against Britain with captured Brit!sh weapons. An impressive scene depicting a mass review of the Indian Na_tional Army on the Esplanade Grounds at Shonan. <?"- -pHE BIR'ffl 'OF NEW . ·- ;,,_ ;.: .-1':. ' ~·· .~ .. •·' ~...-- ~ • .J...t ~ ...... ,., ? To r ' ~~ ~~ ~s,c;.. • ..,----: - NOTE/This package to be opened in ~·Gi presence of' IVIr.Holland. It is a ~~£ part of' my leaf'let f'ile and it is " cdonated on condition that noone be ~g allowed to photograpg or write 1( ~ about them till my death. I have ~ ~ book planned. Please acknowledge POSTMASTER: This package may be opened for Postal Inspection if necessary. Contents: FOURTH CLASS MAIL. Return Postage Guaranteed. TEAR STRIP OPENER ON BACK
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Japanese posters, leaflets, and broadsides intended as propaganda for Allied servicemen and Filipino civilians
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