AtoM
David Conde fonds
International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Trial press releases, ephemera and related documentation
Conde, David W.
39 items
application/pdf
.じ r—...ユバ'brTT GOVLRNJiaENT INPuRi-i^TlON OIFICE News Bui丄etin 1 July 7,1947 i * 氺 * TE^TH VV̂ R ^MIYjiRS^KI BRG-^OiLST BY咖&LD厕T GHェ遍 - - - J f o l l o w i n g is the text of President Chiang KcO-siiotc's raaio broader st on the eve of the tonth suxnivcrs^ry of tiic UJii n c so - Jap arxc sc Wr.r (July 7,1947): My Fcllo«-countrymen: 〜此 ^与ら t h c t c n t h anniversary of tiic double なcvcntii,エ : 、 iccl called upon to earnestly inform you of tiia f o l l o w m a j o r s S i S f 8 tir° C t i X C 0 聰 i u s i 皿 of tiac w,r： thc cioangc ou^ National situation, the crisis confronting our nntloa cs. a 此 o l e , and tlic fnctors th.-.t will determine our destiny. It was primarUy to defend her domnin, rccovcr thc Wortiioast ヒ 1 " integrity timt Chint チnt the Jr.panosc nggrcssor. She will never r.ttGin her w,.r aim 2 s む 1 * S 0 V e r c i o n t y rnd territorial administration in the ^jorthcast rcmran unrcstored, nor will thc death of millions of soldiers r.nd civilians be vindicated. The rcsoonsibility therefore, ^ l l s equally on thc shoulders of thc B i l k e r s . rハ一ニ 11 ^orthc:.st, ns everybody knows, there were no Chinese ？ n H h ? / C b C l s P i 0 r t 0 t h c j a P ^ c s c capitulation. In the one S? t L i r a r l h ° w c v c r ' s i n c c National troops entered that part °； ； ? t 0 tV L' £ C。 v c r sovereignty, there, Communist rebels ？in. ； Su 巧 1 3 “ l r ' u n e i l cd five offensives ogai^gt National ； ^ 0 ? !；边 c y besieged and attr.ccd arena already taLccn over by populaIc! n m C n C a r V C d U p t h c territory, and slaughtered tî c C。， u n i s t s 丨 reply to thc pcr.cc proposal from the t^SnSh t h ? l l t l c a l C o u n c i l w a s first, a barrage of vituncrntivcs • ffla-nitudc ?? ^ ^ o v m c c s , bccausc of its unprcccdon^d 蕴 。 i 1 路 ^ r S o d f ^ l T ^ f n T ^ f 0 ^ 8 t G n t 0 品 ‘ t h r „ミ!!°ま，. t ° figiitina Stnmiha of our forccs developed durin。 d c c i ^ a u S b?n ば， t h ? ^ n r d i n £ C o ™ i s t £ were givcn P a seize &h2nvnr° ? (1 p l 0 t t 0 mcirclc Chengchun aSd Kirin and in oSr 3 ( ^ d C n ) W a E c r U £ h c d ‘如 d ^ c tide of w .r turned --1-- Under no circumstanccs, however, will the Coraraunist rebels abandon tiicir consistent, insidious design of ruining their own fatiicrlcna. It cr.nnot be conccdcd that the Szopingkai victory 尝ay iiavc fundamentally removed tnc crisis facing the Northeast. i-ycryonc knows well just liov, tiic CiHucsc Uoaraunist rebels entered the worthcr.st and hovj the various rebellion units there wore • organized. ヶ： • The Chinese Communists patently are heir to imperialistic • Japan and the "Jkanciioutcuo" puppets, and they arc now in the pだc^ss of carrying out tiic pcr-nicious plot xo disintegrate CHina ^ f 1 1 w n e left Uxifinisncd by. tliciT Japanese prodccossors. That w o u l d n o t Permit restoration of Northeast sovereignty to the ^ l n c s c nation nor v;ould it allow the Chinese nation to enloy . territorial end administrative integrity. Worse still, the Chinese Coiamunietfe Jiavc even made a crt»s P ? W + u f . r c m n G n t Japanese troops to rnvagc our territory ana people at tJacir command. In perversion, awlignnncy ana trcachery, the しJnncfc しopiministe indeed arc 7.orsc than any bandit, traitor or puppet in Chinese history* ， follow-countrymcn, wc must realize that, in thus engaging in armed rebellion, the Communists aim to aisintcgratc all 0 f° L h } n a our whole nation. They seeヒ total elimination of our national spirit and Jacrcditnry virtues，eternal cnslnvcracnt of r!I1 d the complete doprivotion of the brsic human attributes of indcpcndc-.cc ana frecdoai. Should the Communists, indulging in such bestial acts of destroying human instincts and suppressing human.cthical concepts, be allowed to continue to exist, the Chinese national woftld^ia-tJi'Qi^ijarfxiTi^arcwaiQigtor flaoIfitB^eto®s©豹:datiooil: •； o. extinction uith indiscriminate, wholesale massacrc, collcctivc bnnisnocnt and eternal slavery for all the composite recial groups. . ^ The aim cf our Nr.ticnal E c v c i u t i o n is to build n now, iiidcpcndont, free China — of the people governed for the people ax"ia by the people — on the basis of the Three People's Principles. 丄o build such a nr.tion requires, first of all, nr.ticnal unity and JJithcut nr.tional unity, however, there can be no national pencデ• JNor can there be dcraocmcy and liberty. National unity ^ t n c m o r c important for the people's vrclfnrc. Therefore 1 1 nationril unity cannot be rchicvcd, the ideal of national reconstruction v;ill rcmnin illusory and the Principles of JN^tionalisa Democracy nnd People's Livcliiiccd con never be r e a l i z e d T h e people naturally cannot enjoy normal life when tii〇ir lcuia is being devastated, tiicir cccnotay monopclizca, their producticn destroyed nnd their communications aisruptcd by the • p〜 + still remember rpy enrnest appeal to the Comrauni-st ラ y a i t c F V " J 此疒 w i t i l セ虹 dovrstrtii^ レ. r bnrcly ended, 〒°1•巧/ 1 ^ c i v i l strife•“ No responsible government or_patriotic individual v;ould let the country nnu the people fnll 1 5 t 0 ^ n o t h c r 恥 r 〗hen they r.rc still suffcrin- from the ravages of n lnrgc — scalc Tjnr. ° We have never attomptod to castigate communism o.s a tncory or ideal.vvc continued to iiopc tnat the Gumaunistt migiit fuilow thc coursc へf dcmc'cracy, as the .Communists in Great Britain rad. tiic United States have done for go many ycfars, by appealing to the electorate for support of their platform. We iiavc been consistent for the past ten ycr.rs, and even mere so in the last year and r： hnlf, in our ottitudo toward the Communists, Wc have practised, extreme t-olcrancc and v,o have mnde substantial compromises and concessions, in the hope that the Communists woula rcfrrdn from disrupting national unity, carx^in^ en military regional deminntien, nnd undermining t-hc Toundrition o'f tJic nation and that they v/culd contribute their sha^e... in national rcca-oe^^LiG-- -iica.The--^voxnmcat 节asjallling .to give full eensidoration tc tiicir opinions, hut no pcaco talk, no modiGtion, iias succocded in dissuading tho Coraaunists from staging a robollion. vvc had no way of appealing to thoir consctcnco to give up their-^destructive policy in tJic interest of the nation nnd tiic poeple. The activities of the Communist rebels in tho post year or so were centered in the destruction of communication lines, industrial and raining plants and the already—depleted farms. Evory attempt cf the GcvGrnraent to nppeal for peace nnd every issunnce of a ce5&c-firc order only brought furtiicr expansion and attacks by the Cororaunist rebels, vhich added mGrc difficulties tc tho National --.rmios and increased the .sufferings r;na sncrifices cf the people, thus creating unparalleled, difficulties in our pcstwnr sccira revival. Now, nil fellow ccun try men can rest assured thnt tiic .Corooiunists, whose rebellious ch'-oracter aces noi secra to ^hrjigc for- the batter, have 110 faith in rcpcntancG, nnd " apparently nrc determined to rebel to the last. Their ambition and intrigues .Kill not be halted until tiic country is ruined and "the world as n v.hole, mcnriccd. If Yvc do not discern the -icocJaearous plots t f tho Communists, cn;i if 如c are- net determined to quell tneir rctcllicn, not only v.ill tnc iocople' s livcliiiocd be impoverished, but tiic wiiclc country will be disintegrated. It wae the pre-dctcrmincd pclicy cf the しni:“csc Communists to rebel against the Gcvcrnracnt after the conclusion of the wnr. ムftcr V-J Day, tiicy epenly lnunc.hcd the sc-cclLcd "join-thc-array raovcracnt," "social struggles," and ''pocplo's liquidation," in the rebel areas. Tiicy lo ted what food ana clothing they could find in crdcr to conserve their rebellious strength. Net oven the old men nnd マcracn or the children nro spared from thoir terrorism and wantonness. Youngsters in rebel crcas raust citlaer follow their dictates or perish, nnd burial alive or torture arc mctod out if the slightest opposition is shewn. If a man gscapcs from robel control, his Tvholc faaily is cxccutod.. Thousands upon. thousands of cur ccmpatritts in rebel areas hove bccome sacrifices to the Coraaiunists, v;hc hr.vc epposod the G CV crnt0ent ani mcnaced the people. In provinces away from the front cspecinlly in large citics of Central and South. China, there are still oany who dc not reolizo the gravity cf ‘ c,ur national crisis and the vicious and sinister torrOrisa of the Ccmmunists. Thoy rro deluding them- selves into false security. They must rcnlizc. that if it had n.,t boon for tho struggles of cur soldiers to guell tho Communist rcbcllicn, they could net maintain their normal living nnd would be placed in the sr.mc tragic conditions gs people in North and t X l l r S o T ? S ， C , . i f K 織 邮 咖 strength of tc exist. Bccaasc the ^ ^'Privc tiie people of their right aware of the •？。fだ ^ f t c frcm the front arc n°t instigate t L i r r c ^ S ^ n ^ ^ i t u 2 t l 0 f l ' t i l c Communists a n t i ^ i v u w a ^ n d ^ u f c L c r f ^ f ' n ， c r / 他 セ 。 ^ B s o m i n . t c Regans in an a t ? c ^ t to t?? h t f _ £ o l d i c r s rainas, bewilder the ^ I ' f f n n d , w r c i l S» む U S people's foundation. This h-— br?n =ラブ i n G l l y w e a l i c n t h c national cur man p c ^ r S S ニ P r e V C ? U E f r 。 m ^storing r o i c l l i ^ and 取 霞 i S t . prcpagSndS? "l? ！ s " e v i d e n t r C i n g 严 P 。 1 ^ 矽 Communist implement their J bet^vInl £ t S ‘ i n 。 r d c r t o trying to blindf^la .；® ̂ ^ S t h e country.-..aai '.the.people, are the femmuniits is t- cc^uso ?h n 功 へ れ 贴 れ ⑶ … - W a l F ^ ^ • - ...their national cor,£ci?usnc®s Inl ? f 产 び U ignore h.pcd T to 2 r n ^ C t " l t U C l t i 0 n ^ 迎 a t 边 e し c _ U n i s t s ^ ^ さ ： 』 ： • • よ ぶ だ 严 ， 二 f 恕 ニ ゴ 在 = ニ 。 bcf ,rc t h c ^ g ^ • n ？ ^ ^山丄は。-；‘ whole people will r>crUh ^Thr + '- 1 .^^nmnists, and cur rcalisticallyluat S-in t'hr Son ^ l c r 1 S t c t a c o ^ ^ o t s nation as well as S ^ C U £ salvage our- ^ m a n x s tふニ溫て；。，想 1 :忠 c s c て〔‘，仫‘ ？ ニ。恋よ，，ニをぶひニ： ニ 。 s s 』 ： 溫 ： が - - s - L ニ J , = だ ニ r で 。 ” 皿 ‘ 。 ‘ 如 她 f P-Plc Of N - ぷ m ニ ニ t h c な … c 二 大 ぼ し ! ニ 二 f r n t c, raffl uniSt s ' Zhr L i l t - ^ " V c r r u n ' t M s t i m c by 处 c cffcnsivcs^h^U ^ tneir rocent tuc a t t . e s . v, h0 ^cv?rliic hft° tH f f i i l ^ t i a M び 吐 H c n d occupy, a pine©, tens of thcusr.nds cf tiic inhabitants at great risk: mt：; thc Gcvcrnacnt-controlicd c.rcas to find shelter, tiicir ii .mcs rn “ property behind them. Tncir lament a-t l c n f t l c ® tragic huaan utterances. Hew enn those of us f r o ^ the front who hr.vc thc snrac anccstral crigin, remain indifferent to tneir l:t. The aim f tlic C. rjmunist rebels is to exterminate the ccuntry and cnslnvc us cll # W 0 must suppress the Communist rebels, ..thcrwisc,如 shall undergo tiic same sufferings in thc near future. With our rchnbilitation w。rlc yet to fcc c .oplctGd.エ am trt 7 t h a t f U r P ^ P l c in thc rcccvcrcd areas nrc leading J, n n r J l l f c - “t r n y rate, they obviously r.rc fnr better c ff tnan their brethren in rebel areas where pcrsunrl frccaoo, physical cr spiritual, is nbsclutcly forbidden. No whisncrings arc allcwcd even tetween fr.tacr and sen, husbnnd nnd ^vifc. Therefore, n( t enly docs our supprcsei:.n ,.)f tlic Coomunist' r ? b c l f t o cur c(ifflpctri.ts in thd rebel areas, but it a丄so helps to sr.vc ourselves. If wc let thc Communist rebellion unchockcu, wc v.-uli be inviting ruin. The ambition ,f Communists is obvious, ond it is our responsibility to quell tncra. W g s u f f e r e d cruelly and sacrificed the lives of millions soldiers and. civilians during our war against the Japanese invaders. If we let the Communist rebels attain tneir goal of destroying tlie Government and erasing the history of our war 2 f resistance, thus completing the unfinished task of the Japanese to exterminate China, how can the losses we suffered during the war be redeemed? Suppression cf the Communist rebellion, therefore, is aimed at preserving thu highest interests of the state and the basie rights of existence, democracy and liberty of the people. Our struggle against the Communist rebels is as sacred as was our resistance agai.st the Japanese aggressor. T i i e c a l 丄 t o crush the Communist rebels is a continuation of tiie unfinished task: of national reconstruction after our war against Japan. This is necessary, as I have tola you, if we are t J Preserve the fruits of victory. Such a straggle is inevitable w e a r e to secュ e national independence ana liberty. This t i l e case, the National troops who have fought ana died for l he ^f^se shoula be respected by the. people the same as these who tought and died in the Sino-Japanese war. Our 450,00,00 people must not shirk tiic responsibility of supplying sufficient food a^a munitions to the National trocps at the front. In this taste o t s a v i n S tne nation and protecting the people, all persons in aress at the front and in the rear should share their joys ana sorrows ana decide to live ana die together. 4 ellow countrymen, the Communist rebels' ambition has been completely exposed in the recent battles in the Northeast• The national crisis nas become more and mace serious. Our people should not harbor the illusion that tiaey may avoid participating the struggle t .iroush some lucky occurrence or temporary peaceニ we must concentrate on our strength and redouble our efforts in suppressing the Communists and reconstructing the nation, so as to eliminate the seeds of misfortune for our future generations. We mu，t achieve national ge.neral mobilization with the same spirit as we did during the war of resistance, and wg must ， l f i p l y our efforts in elirairxatics the deficiencies we had during the war of resistance.いe must not hesitate to contri- bute all our manpower, material strength and lives, if necessary, to the war of suppressing tlie rebel丄ion in r, common effort to save our country rnd people . Oi^ly in this way can e preserve ; n e ^ u i t s of our victory over Japan, achieve national indepen- dしnee and liberty and retain the hope of again securing social peace and order. ~ ^ Fellow countrymen, the National Government has issued an J J d e r f o r the enforcement of national general mobilization. purpose of the order is to awatcen the people of the whole country to unify their purpose and concentrate their efforts for struggle. must call on all patriotic Chinese to rise for the salvation of their country and themselves. the measures taken by the Government will be in accordance with law. The Government has implicit faith in the people s patriotic conscience and will let the people themselves serve the country spontaneously on the basis of the principle or nationalism, ivery compatriot must love tne country ana the people, observe national laws and perform his duty. He must maKe きvery effort to contribute his part in tiie suppression of the しomraunist rebellion and the promotion of national reconstruction. The nation's social leaders ehoula guide the people in promoting the cause in every possible way. 0 U r youths in particular, upon wiiom our national existence depends, must Jiscc^i right from wrong and fair from foul and promote nationalism to safeguard national existence. Unless the youths of China arc willing to be Uomrouni st instruments and are indifferent about national extinction, they must recognize that they are descendents Jf 此aき丄i a m nationals of the Republic cf China. If they wish t n e ^ a t l o n to achieve independence and existence, so that they may have freedom cf thought without oppression by the Communists, must be aetermined to face the national crisis. T n r S e who go to schools should devote themselves to study, and these who e n f a S e d i n agriculture, industry nnd business must devote tnemselves to prcauction, so as to increase national c-trengtii. I e ^ ? ? d y ® U £ t 卩丄町 h i s ; a r t a n d d 。his duty in an effort to stabilize social peace and order in tiae rear. . O u r people must know tnat the nation-wide Communist rebellion I s coordinated ana linked up with the Communist's well-planned destruction of social order, i-ver since the beginning of our resistance against the Japanese, the Communist Party has consist- ，ntly disparaged the war efforts of the Government with vitupera- tive propaganda in an effort to undermine the Government. This was done to arouse discord between the Government and the people, wea ヒ^i our strength in-the war, re legato the international position cf the nation, erase the nistory of our war of resistance, minimize tho people's faith in Vvinnins the war and deaden the people s patriotism. Tiie しomaunists net only spread rumors and instigate riots in a ® o n S 让C JEoplc, in factories and in financial markets, but _ they also openly declare that tuch riotous and destructive actions are the second front" as cistinguisiied from "the first J e n f 'sr ̂ H ， ' 丨 C i C r a t i o n £ ' two fronts are intordepen- ニ ニ i - 抛 c n U 功 so t ^ r ^ 1 ^ t ^ ^ ^ k ^ e c a ^ L S S 1 “ ゎ ^ 碧 : • • • m ， h 。 ず : 零 。J 叫脾びれ⑶ against tiic " ^ a c f o ^ r o ^ f i ね ^ ^ = = = ， 柳 general mobiLzati Cn been ^ n t ! ^ ^ ‘ 肌 t i o n a l oppression of L e S o S m n i s ^ r e S e S l f f 0 ^ ? 0 ^ ° nl ? f ° r t h e reform and reconstructioS I'^rof^o ' r f o r n a t i o ^ a l following two matters- h G r e f 0 1 e ' 1 , i l s h t c Point out the tfte r e c o n s t m c t i S n \ o ? f t ^ n r ^ ? n a l ^ c o - ^ r u c t i o n . To carry on the suppJession よ? U C 二 ち 1 盟 r e ニ m 1 。ur 监 = 。 c = 魟 ゴ t F F f ょ r ロ ニ = to t h e ' e n ^ ^ o L 6 ^ f o f J o n s ? ? ? u t S n J l i s ^ i f S h a n e n t a l l y 。な。 s ^ their military fov?es and ?hev , fi f 厂巧 h G V e ！0 が l i n q n i s h reliance, rebellion? y i U b e d e P r i v e d of their chief . s I s s M f ^ = ニ = ニ 。 苗 ニ = ニ パ r c ニ ， It is on this bosis that エ want to emphasize to my fellow countisyffien, nnd especially to xhose who are actually striving for the realization of freedom in China and the democratieation of our Government, that to attain constitutional democracy we must first eliminate the Communist rebels whose principles run counter to-constitutional democracy and peaceful reoons truction. J b save China from terror and. chaos, we are duty bound to expedite the preparations for constitution enforcement, carry out completely the Principle of People"' s Livelihood and safeguard the people's basic rights. This being our consistent policy, we shall never slacicen our efforts toward its realization. Second, we must exert our utmost to effect administrative reforms. We have Committed ourselves to a dual political program： to quell the Communist rebellion ana introduce governmental reforms. Admittedly many defects exist in our ndrainistration. Weaknesses oan also be found in our way of life. Imraediately after the conclusion of the eight-year war, the Communist rebellion began, thus, we. have been given no time to put our house in order. Cur moterial resources, already drained by the war,., are practically exhausted. The defccts and weaknesses in the Government and in our way of lifo, which first made their appearance in the war, have now become more apparent. The sufferings of the people have immeasurably increased. Unless drastic reforms are introduced, China may not be able to exist in the family of nations. Therefore, political, educational, economic and sociel reforms, which should be made, shall not be delayed until the conclusion of the suppression campaign, but will be initiated right 取way. We should seek to increase our national strength, mitigate the people's sufferings, and concentrate our will power to effect a thorough going reform so as to overcome all difficulties confronting us峰 Constructive criticisms and suggestions from the people on our political and economic policies and especially ways to alleviate the people's afflictions will be sincerely received by the Government, and measures for improvement will be instigated. It is also expected that people will report, with substantial evidence, mistakes made by governments of all levels, so that reforms may be made. It was for the purpose of concentrating our efforts to effect an over-all reform and remove all obstacles in the way of national reconstruction that national general racbilization was ordered. It ie therefore positive rather than negative in nature; it is nation-wide rather than local in scope. It is obligatory not only for the people, but for governments of all levels to seek improvement• Dedicated to national revolution. I have struggled for the existence of the country and the people, the realization of the Three People' s Princ iples, unity in the nation f..nd the inaugura- tion of constitutional democracy.エ have never been mindful of ‘ personal gains or losses, glories or oclipses.ム11エ can offer ' you is my sincerity to SQVG the country and the people,エ cannot betray our founding father and our m a r t y r s . 1 cannot betray the cause of national revolution, for which I have fought so long. I cannot betray the soldiers and the civilians who died in the War of Resistance.エ must preserve to the best of ray ability the achievements of the eight-year w a r .エ must lead the nation to crush, the enemies who arc obstructing the realiza- tion of our principles, destroying national unity and interfering -^^xfSflifS S l ftS ぼru …。n. 1 咖 1 1如 fought against t扯Iggニド 1 で：，^，ぴ^^肌nifcstea ,hen we ェ said that tHe tesl^ o? t h e ° o n c i u s i o n of t-he war times more difficult than JhP ^ C r U £ t r U e t i o n w o u l d b e ^-n accumulated ぱ ボ U 、 f だ?^だ广忠な？“ム™"^^ ^ v i e w 。 f tno gver tHe last hundred year« r ^ ? ？ 犯 で e ^ t e r n a l agSreasions ^ p u b l i c wcs founoed we car no? b a s i s 。 n ^ i c h this and prosDerous China in a dav J , n e v v ‘ ^ d e P e n d e u t , powerful 巧 X V 溫 ？ ： 喊 F 0 ? = 謅 that is h a r a p c r i n ^ o u / ? c 1 o l ^ L c ? ? o i 0 6 幼 1 6 d 6 S t r o ^ ^ r c e tiie Communist ？ = = = だ ば ^ ^ ？ ノ ？ r s e ご e r う n c e . 气 w i t h ^ ^ > ニiニニ“ overcome, and the finn? n ^ S ^ ° n c e t h i s 3 r e a t difficulty is a Sloriois stage! w S l h o ^ d no? l l ^ l U ? i n a I' 1 1 1 ^ t e； upon propaganda or ち U H ま S = t C t e a Communist our self-confidence. ,。 c n t auficulties, but should retain our unflinching faith in determination zo carS°the w o i ^ of ？ 06 a n a o u r strong completion. By auellTn +hl national reconstruction- to t^e'last ふ t J l だ ミ r c b „ - _ overoo^ng task。：f national ^ e l l J ^ r t f n , ° Q C ? o a P l i s ^ the iraportaxit soldiers and emuニ?ミだ巧ナ？ス 1 严 i c s t e 功e sacrifice cf tne suppression 边 t h e V V a r o f ^sistance ana in Issued tiirou^h tao G C T』 N i ^ K IBTOKレ;JION tiFICE Nan'sing, J^ly 7 , 1 9 4 7 , Government Information Office Daily Bulletin, Shanghai Edition No. S3 July 9,.1947 Ten years ago today, the Japanese imperialists started their attach at the Marco Polo Bridge in the wanton hope that- they would be able to beat us to our knees within three months, arxi then, using China as an operations base, erabark upon further aggressions. Under the wise leadership oi President Chiang, and with the concerted efforts of tne entire population, the Japanese militarists were.beaten and final victory was won. During the war yeors, we persevered with our iiard struggle, oclicving that a powerful and prosperous China would emerge from the war, and she would occupy a higa posit ion in the council of nations. Almost two years have elapsed since the conclusion of the war. Developments during this period failed to fulfill our expectotions. The cause of our disappointment is evident, for the Goramunist attempt to overthrow the Government and botroy the country anu the people has brought about another national crisis.ゼlant for rehabilitation, army reorganization ana peaccltil reconstruction have been greatly impeded. Lost year, the Communists went so far os to boycott the National assembly and renounce the Gonstitution. To save the country from utter ruin, the Government was com- pelled to take military action against t h e m .丄 wish now to sumnarizザ.military situation： I. COMMUNIST A R 勵 STRENGTH 攝 ITS DISTRIBUTION A . South of the Great 说 a l l : — I n Shantung, there are some 200,000 Communists rebel troops under the comaiand of Yeh Chien-ying; in south Hopei, some 100,000 under Liu Po-chcng; in south. Shansi, sorao 40,000 under Chen kens; in north Hopei, 90,000 under Nieh iun^-tseng; in north Shensi, 30,000 under H 0 lung; and in north Shensi, SD mo 40,000 under Peng Toh-huai, Communist rebels in areas south, of the Great Wall total some 580,000， including "people 1 s militia. text of Chief of Staff Gen. Chen memorial service of the Kuoraintang if'ollowing Cheng's report on Jiily 7 , 1 9 4 (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DLILY BUhhliTIW. Such translations in • no way irdicnte tnat the Chinese Government advocatet or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) 氺.'ドギギ半ネ平ギ枣ネ* 、、、-GmmLL CHLN -CHENG ’ふJEPGRT is the at the 7： — 1 2 7 B North of the Great W a l l： - S o m e 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 Corarounist rebels troops arc outside tho ureat Wall, all under tho command of Lin Piao. . . The total number of armed Communist rebels is some 970,000 including "people's militia.' II. CiUvIPAIGNS FOUGHT A The Northeast: — After the i%tionol troops crushed the main force^of U n Piao at Szepingkai last summer two c U i e s " C h L g c L n and Yungici, and three provinces L i a o n i n ^ Liaopei and K i r i n , were recovered in s u c c e s s i o n . In October 1-st vear the Shenyang-Haiciieng and haicheng-Tun^liao raflwlys were rcopened°to traffic a i Antung ana ^iaotun^ peninsulas were retaken by Government troops. This year, the Communist rebels in conjunction with some iolel Comrnu.ists and Japanese war P r “ ? = ニ ニ five offensives against Governuent troops. They were beaten back by Government troops in all t ese campaigns. The most recent all-out Communist attach g a i n s t Nat ional troops in xhe Northeast was launchea m the nadede of -ay iith a total" strength of 200,000 armed rebels. Their y main force captured Hwaite on ^ y ミ 7 ’丨丨^^れムブ（old) advanced on Chanichun and Kungchuling. じ 盟 Szepins^ai fell to the Communists, and Hsin ^ f was P besieged by chem. For five days ana nights the Hsin 5zet)in-k:oi defenders held the city against the attackers, wno, S ? i n s failed in their attempt, attacked and occupied - a i y u a n a n d Chengtu, which were later lost to them on June 丄ビ. The Communist rebels also intended to attack SJicnyans (Mudlcen). But the strong defenses of that city deterrea them. Thev assembled force of more than 140,000 troops i n c l u d i n g 戀 毅 辉 ご I n ？ S t S t y under the command of Generalし hen ^ J S - J en defended it for 18 days, and at time launchec counter-attacks on the ~ ニ ニ : ニ ニ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ . S e S l f n g t o ^ h e south of Szcpingkai. After the north column of S a u S n a l troops captured iiaiyuan and Ghangtu ana the south column recaptured Kungchuling, the Communists attack began to crumble. The south column。！i June 30 joined.hands with the Szepingkai defendere, and they are now jointly pursuing the defeated rebels• •B. North China： 1 , S h a n t u n g i a n g s u -re-a: National troops, after recaDtaring North i^iangsu and opening, the 丘iaochoで-isiラnn Railway for traffic this lebruary, began to oncirclc and a U a c ^ t h c Communist in Shantung In battles at ^inancnen and ムini, the rebels sufferea heavy casualties. At Laiwu and Tuszetcow, Motional troops sustained some losses ana the Kaochow-Tsinan Railway was again disrupted, 麵——— In April,military operations to suppress the rebels were- resumed. W t e r battles at ^ensyin, Sintai and i»aiwu, rebel-held areas were compressed, but the 74th. Division suffered heavy casualties. In June, Government military positions were readjusted, nnd by the end of this past" month, offensives tneve again launched by Government troops« On July 4, Government roops recovered Lutsun, Wanma, Tanfu, Linchu and Kiaohsien, ana they are continuing to attack Communist military bases. 2. Worth Honan Areas： Communists rebels under the command of Liu Po-cheng had at various times attacked the western section of the Lunghai Railway, but they were repulsed last £>optember by National troops who succeeded in recapturing important point s along tne railway and advancing to areas north of the Chang River. This Marsh the Communists again ottaciced National troops and attempted to "cross the bellow River and disrupt the Lunghai Railway^ But they were drw en back, and fled, northward. > In April, the Communist rebels, under Liu Po-cheng, again besieged Tangyin and Anyang when tne Government troops viere being reorganize^ after suffering a defeat during an ettacK on Communist positions. After two months of nard struggle,ムiu's troops were routed. However, these rebels toois .advantage of the cease-fir.e period proposed by UNRRA for the purpose of completing tijo engineering wortc of the Yellow River ana on June 18 thoy began to regroup and strengthen taeir force. On June 30, tiiey crossed the Yellow River under the cover of darkness, and took Tuag^ow, Yancheng and. Hotseh. They are now being checked by Govornnient troops. 3. Shanei-Snensi Area： Communists in bhansi under tiia command of Oncn Kcn^ attached the Tatun^-Puchovx and Chongting-Taiyuan railways in tne middle pf June last year and cut railway communicaしions in Snani. In tne miadle of September, Government troops crushed the main Communists force at I'ushan and reopened the Tatung-Puchow railway to traffic for q short time. In the past spring, rebel troops reattaching Yuncheng and Taiyuan suffered heavy- casualties. In March, Government troops under the commands of Generals Tung ^nao and Liu “an attacked the Yenan area, then the headquarters of the Communists, via Lochwan and Ichwan, and they recovered Yenan, Yenchwan, Yenchang and Wayaopao. After the def'eot, the Communist Government and its troops escapea northward. One column heading fqr western ^ansu was routed by the National troops in the vicinity of Hoshui. It then fled northward to nreas around Sanpien and Ningsia wlierc it is now being halted b、j National troops. 4 . North H 0 pei Area: In their defeat at Tatung last year, Communist troops unaer the command of Ho Lung sustained heavy ccsualties.ムs a result, ^ntional troops recaptured ムal 0 an, reopened the Peiping-Suiyunn Railway, crushed the Comraun^ £t force in east n opei find routed troops under Wieh Yung-tseng along the northern section of the •Peiping-Hankow Railway.エ苡 addition, tne Communists arsenals . in these areas were thoroughly destroyed, thus makirie, their ammunition supply more difficult. - - 1 2 し - - I I I . 払エムIT̂ RY LCHIEVii^M'iTS Following is c. suar ary of our achievements in tne pacification of rebels in tne past 穸car: A . Recover-, cf thern kin 11,su: -- The recovery of Nortiiern K i a n ^ s u , the e r a n a r y of Communist rebels dcployea in southern Shantur^, has cut the Communist supply lines to the hilly regions of south Shrmtung. B . Destruction of Communist arsenals: 一一 Since tne Government occupation of ムnlgan, all arsenals along tiie Peiping-Suiyuan Railway left by the Japanese have been destroyed by the National troops, thus cutting off a Communist source-of ammunition. C. Occupation... of the Communist political center: __ Witii the recovery of ^enan, the Communist political center, Communist morale dropped considerably. D . Defense of the Northeast: -- The aim of our war of resistance was to recover sovereignty over the Northeast. Respite Communist obstruction with foreign assistance, the Government expects to gradually recover all nine Northeastern provinces. i>ast year, the main force of Lin Pino, Communist comMancier in tiie Northeast, was shattered in the battle of ^zepinglcai, and recent rebel attacks 011 Szepingtiai were agrin repulsed. E. ^ecovcr-v of towns nna capture of rebel troops and eauiDraent ： -一 ̂ iie follow in匕.aatn show our acJueveoacnts in this r e s p c c t : - 1.Oitics nna towns rcccverea, ^12. 2. Rific-r an cannon enptし..red, 110^13, plus 1,642,333 rouude of ammunition. 3. Comtmiiiists soldiers token prisoner, 94,581. 4. Comfmini sts surrenderea to the Government, 145,285. ‘ 、 It hos been clmost two years since the surrender of the ^npanese. But the country is yet to be unified and peaceful national reconstruction achieved and the Govern- ment and the people iinve not recuperated. Hardships and. adversities fire intolerable to nil. TJacrefore, in the pest year, the Government ra de the greatest possible concessions to achieve peace and unity. However, the Communist aim has boen to overthrow the Government and betray the nation. To ins re the existence of the nation and achicve national unity the Government has decided to quell tho Oommunist rebellion by force. Now that the course is set, all officers and men of tiie Notionalムrmy should observe the Government order and spearheod the suppression of rebels, -- END. — 1 3 0 -- last history of the Chinese しoramunist -fort^ during tne years can be divided into three periods, as follows： 1924 — 1 9 5 7 一一 «nen tiie Chinese Communists participated in the National Revolution, but finally^withdrew after they betrayed it; 1937 - 1 3 4 5 when the Ohiiiese Oomtnunists .joined in the struggle against Japanese aggression, but, in the latter part of this period, they en^asea only in expending thd^ir strength, thereby unaer- mining thc v;ar of resistance; ー产-r、 ‘ � Government Inforaistion Office 1. Daily Bulletin, Shanghai Edition 2. No. 34 July 丄0,1947 iviass ilaucatibn P丄an Chinese Communist Policy During i.ast 20 Years (iNiOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information an'二 reference of readers of tne Di^iLY BULLiTIll. Such translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government &dvocsftGs or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) 本：it.Jî CV本氺承*本• M^&S IDUOiiTION PLaN The Shanghai Sin Vvan Pao. today (jails upon the nation to support the ministry of JSdacation s raass education program. As constitutional government will soon bo inaugurated in China, says the paper, it is absolutely necessary to combat illiteracy. A five-year-plan for mass education Jaas, been draftee ana will be cnforccd by xiie Ministry of ikiucution, tne paper points out. Tne pian provides for suppleae-atary educaxion to the illiterate masE-es," thus aclpiiig to prepare tncra for constitutionalism. The iaeve or public cchools in mainly respo;-sib丄e tor tiie high percentage jf illiterary in Ciiina, says the paper. o m c o our new Oonstitation exisares tlic people，s rigiat to education, the authorities should strive to establish more public primary schools. -- END. CHINESE COi•丄IJlSiI&T POLICY LiJRING LAST 20 YEaRS (Translation of ail article by Wang Hsin-hun in yesterday 1 e Nanking Ta Kan,ミ Pao .) The 20 ——131—— 1945 一 1947 .一一 When the.じhinese Oomraunists negotiated witi? the Government for peaceful national recon struct ion but ultimately lauuched. a rebellion：. This sequence .-;f Co a) muni st ニ estructive acts has been in flagrant violation of the needs.of our country, serving no other ends than liio interests of a foreign nation. The lenders of tnat party cannot escape tne blame. Let us now 丄ooli at the above-mentioned, periods in more detail. . I. Communist Participation in National ^evolution In 1924, i^r.とun ^at — sen, our national father, reorgan- ized the kuomintang and convened the i'irst ^atio^al Convention in C a n t o n .丄 t wes resolved by tiae Congress to per ait tne Communists to participate in the revolution provided they subscribed to the Son ‘“in Ohu 丄 nn“ gevo up tneir Oom!;«.nistic revolution. At tho same time, tne Uoramunist x o.rty c.^so issued a.manifesto ‘ admitting tnat Com unisra wos nut _pr action tie in じ iiino and pledging tneir whole-hGnrtcd support xo xae ムational Revolution. Hovievor, after . Sun wont to North. China in 1 24, the Communists, under the ce^is of. Kuomintan^, began to expand and plot the seizure of power.ム"t the ccntral Headquarters of しJLC •Luomintanこ,they maac Tan -^ing-snan Minister off 0r e .an:'-2ation ana 似ao Tse-tun^, now しofflcmnist leaaer, ^iniEtor of farmers. Through this, they hopea to usurp power end rclly the masses to tneir support. To control tiie array, the p 丄 “ to &eize tne Whampoa Aiilitr.ry academy ihrou^ii the Chungshan warsnip uprising - on ^arch 2 0 , 1 9 2 6 . Politically, they intrigued to oust Chiang 込ai-sムetc from tne Government. morcover, they &丄so instigated youths to attack hifchly-respected senior iiuoraintang raeiBbers v-ith slogans, such as "Uown with tJae "est Hill Conference clique," ! 'l>ovm witii tho Rightists," and "Revolu- tionists turn left." They hoped tnat tne influential iUiomintaiiti members would bo ousted and tnat leadership would be yieldeci to tiiem. After the mutiny of the crew of the Ghungshan warship on March 2 0 , l y 2 6 , the Plenary Session of the Second Kuoraintang Central Executive Oom.ittee adopted G proposal by Generalissimo Ohian^ J^oi-snek f tne reao j a&tmcnt of party affairs, one it appointed him the heaa of the partj/' s ‘ Organization -^oara. T'l.cia the Nortnern -iiirpeuition be^an, â ia the Communists m3de use oi tiie leftist clan,iod by Tcng Yeh-ta and Kuo -o-jou to erpana tae power of tnc Political Board. Wherever tbe "atiox.alist ^evolutionary M.rwy marched, tiie Communists pre sump tou sly ia 丄丄eu their own ciioten administrat";rp aao cgcnto in power• - » - — — In Jiiarcii 1927, with the Coinmiuists behind the scene, Wang しhiiiG—wei convoked the plenary session of tne '̂iiird ^uomintaiifc Ci.0, and creotod the so-colled vJunan Government "b; compelling tne central Dorty organ to move I T O E A anchang to tiie Wuchang-^antcow area. By this device, tne Communis to intended to uissolve 丄、、uomintan̂ ae a party snd establish their rule instoac . It was a clear indication of the Communist attempt to convert the national revolution xhen in progress into G social revolution. It was sn open rebellion in defiance of" tne revolutionary cause. . To save both the nation ond itself , tiic ivuomi,,tan OJ in response to an appeal from ^niii-iiui, began tne pur gat ion in the party on “pril12,1927.. エエ• Gomounj st Participation in v̂ ar cl £tcsistaij.ee Disassociat-a from fae national revolution, Goamujaifct elements under Ho Lun ：, Ohu Toh, nna L Gh Tiix^ lea their rebellious troops ana j i,ied with T'ze-tur^ in establish- ing a Red ムroy bo.se in ^iangsi province, i'iicy persisted, in rebelling cgainst tiic National Government, m a tried to win the ixople's support thr our h ail onti-Japanese campaign In 1935, the しomoiuiiists, un^.er Ch.u Teh and ^ o ^'ze-tua^, 礙 e forced to abonaon their Kiangsi base a.xL fled to north. Sncnei. Chan^ Hsueh-linng v?os assigned to suppress the remnant Oomaun^sts, but, swayca by、t.hc ^eds, xio started the Si an incident ou aecemter 12, putting Genern 丄 issicio Cnian^ Kai-shefc into captivity. The'.Coaounists could ii&ve aono anything to him then but Moscow believed tiiat without the leoaership cf GcncralisEirac Chiang ^ai-she Li,China would heve been conq.acrec. by Japan, and that, with China lost to °apan, the Soviet Union in the Fnr East would be greatly enddngerea. JurtJaerraore, with. Hit丄or poised for invasion in Europe, it TSQS natural that Stalin should support China againf-t Japan, in order to avoid a possible second front. This explained why the Uiiineso Communists were instructed to protect thc saietv of Goneralissimo Chiaiii-丄ai-siacヒ in the'&inn laciaeat, anu it rdso explained why the Soviet Union actively aided Chiaa in the first ；；erioa of ner rcsia-ca^ce war. i^ievertiielGse, fGVJ people woula doubt znc eiricerity of the Ooramunists in tneir aesirc for an anti-Japanese wr.r,l丄 the attitude the Coamunists .displayed in ihc Incident was the only criterion. In 1937, tJao n brofcee out, nna China rose to iijiiち• With the enthusiasm of -cxie whole rat ion, the Corjrauniet ゼarty declared its particiontion in tne holy wnr of resistance, and it pledged to observe tiie Tiirce Princ ipies oi thc People, accept lhe leaacrsriip of Gensrrlissimo Chiang i^ai-shea：, nbolish tiie border region qc vcrnnaent, nnd intGyrate tiio Conau'unist troops into tho Actional x^rmy. The reconciliation of tac two parties received nntion一wide npolausc. T:ic Comraunists' victory at Pinsnsin^tcwaa, stratc-ic pass in nortn 3r.‘nnsi, won for them wide recognition ezpeciolly as it closely followed the retreat of Nationalist troops from tiie Shanghai front. ——133—— When tiie nax. onal copita丄 icl丄 to the Japanese a m the war of rcEistrnce eater, ci a very dixricult period, tiie Chinese ComKuniEt Party aaopted n five-year plan for the expansion -i its ormed forces, preparing to train 2,000,000 cracii croops and 3,000,000 peopled militia within five years, preparatory to seizing governing oower afi;er thc conclusion of the war. As a result, arraea" strength of the Communists increased in proportion to tiie adversity of the national war effort. wHile the National troops retreated further westward, the Oommunist advanced further eastward. the Japanese took points, tiie Communists occupied the areas arounu these points, Some- ^ 1 Q ) e e > the National troops were frontaliy attached by the Japanese, end at the same time assaulted by the しommanist in the rear. Tiius, Government troops lost more territory and the Communiste ^ot more arms. It is true, tne re fore, that the Comtsunist ^arty gicl ta.e part in the first stage of tiie war of resistance. i し i s also true that they frustrated the Ciiire se war of resistance by attacking National troops in the latter stage. I'his patently demonstrated taax tney uo not Jieeitate to use any means to achieve their aim. I丄I. T iie Period of Communist Participation in Peace Negotiations After V-J 5 tne Governmcat announced its policy ヌf peaceful naxior.al reconstruction anc. deciorea tnat the ^ommun.i.st problem would be settled by political means. Unexpectedly, tnし first Gomounist move after victory was ;Jiieir contention ith tiie Government lor acceptance of tiie Japanese surrender. Lea by しhu Teia, tne Oommuni st dis- paraged the Government and the Ciiie:f ^ecative of thc iM'ation, しhu was then comD&nder-in-cniei of the 13th. Group Array. Tae faot thot ne openly insultea thc supreme comcaaaer lully revealed the Ooflimuni st's rebellious intentions. The Communist ^arty contended to accept xiie Japanese surrender, and at the same time shouted for tiio organization gf a coalition ^overnraent through the convocotion of tne ごol ticalしonsultution Conference, so a s to exterminated the National Govornmont. Tne raeetin し of xhe Political OonsuXta- tion Oonfcrcnce did not achieve national peace, but it fully de— roonstrated tiie Government 1 s sincerity to seek peace. The PCC» s decisions on the broadening of. thG Government 1 basis, reorganization of National troops, convocation of the National Assembly ana formulation of basic principles lor trie revision of the Draft Constitution siiou丄d aove laid tae foundation for national ^eace. But the Communists' demand of increasing their delegates to the States しouncil and their refusal to nominate their delegates mode an immediate reorganisation of the governoont impossible. egこawin^ the reorganization of tiie National troops and nationalization of Ooramunist troops, the Communists aid not submit the name lists of their officers ana men. w hile tne overnmcnt reduced and reorganized the National troops, the Oomnninists e:rpaiiaea ratner tnan reduced their army. —•134 -- 崎 • to ‘ ‘ 声 ャー — ノ ^ ^ . 一 ' . The Comoiun上it ガar-ty anci the l3_raocratic league refusea to nominate their uclegntes to ihe National Assembly, thus trying to unacrrainc tiac Government' s prestige by. lorcin^ it to postpone the convocation of the Assembly Urae ana o g a m , They also tried to sabotage work: oil the Draft constitution. But the Government with the—utmost tolerance finally presented to the National Assembly a Draft uonstitution, which was duly revised in accordance with the principles laia down by the POC. • After the signing of tiie Cease-Fire iigreeoent in January last year, the Communists bet;an to initiate more clashes and redouble their efforts in disrupting communications. In March last year, thoy took advantage of the Soviet troops withdrawal from the iMortneast ana utilized ports under soviet occupation to secretly transport troops to important cities in the Northeast and block the National troops from taking-over. It was expressly stipulated in tiie Oease-xire -agreement that Government troops had the right to ta\s.e over tne Northeast. Comratinist obstrixction, therefore, obviously violated, the agreement. Believing tiif.t mediation by General m r s h a l l was still the best way to achieve peace in China, the Government dia not give up. x n ^ay last ypar, Government troops in tne Northeast scorcd t succession of crushing victories. These triumphs were not exploited because tne Government accepted the Marshall proposal for o 15-day truce, wiiich was later prolonged for ei^ht more days til丄 the end of June, wncn peace talks broico aovm due to Communist obstructions. « Then Genera丄 Marshall suggested aircct negotiations between the Government ana the Go_unisx Party to iron out the problems of local administration ana garrison areas tor C-overnracnt and じorijraun!.st troops. Tjiese direct negotiations also failed, os the Corarunists were not consistent in their demands. When political problems were under consideration, the Comraunists in military matters; w^en military questions were discussed, they oaintained that any solution of military problems had. to await agreement on political issues. Thus, no appreciable results were produced. After this, General ^rsliall recommended, that discussions of political and military affairs be conducted simultaneously. Again tne Government raade substantial concessions.丄ae Comnninists responded by mating two impossible demands, there- by closing the door to further peace talks. One more cease-fire order was issued last November on the eve of the National Assembly, which was first schedulea to convene on November 丄2, but-was postponed to November 15, in an efiort to secure Communist participation. The ConQrnunists not only adamantly refusea. to attend the Natioiial Assembly, but they went so far as to renounce the Constituxion. --135 -- On J nuar 7 12 tnis ^ a r , the Gove:Ha,ent。結^。红ユ肚皿澳 J•し"oassaacr Stuort, to send G e n e r a , ohang ^ i h - c h u ^ S E S 5 S S S S 為 二 泛 tho Communists, &服如 up, the Communists constantly u s e d armed force --EHk1盟ニ=ニ：丨;ifES L 』 ニ ニ ニ t S J n on the assumption tnat the C e?r;1。SETTLE'thfoo^ilt p r ^ i e . t . r o a ^ peocel.1 means are bound to fail.—也’山* ‘ .N O T I C E t h e 離 1 ニ ニ で ニ ニ ギ ^ ^ jSly llV 1947, Those who are in our mailing list will Head Office in ^antcing from that day on. Governinent Inforraation Office News Bulletin No, 2 J uly 16i 1947 .Rssu迎TION OF TRADE WITH J A P M n f > .. „ Nanking, July 1 6 — A s p o k e ^ c * of the 'Ministry ニf皿。.气fa+rs d i s c l o s e d today that Chinese IndusLial and., commercial circles are interested in the lift of the ? r a n Private trade ^ith Japan, and the Ministry of だ。テ。， ? affairs nas called a conference fo disc'uss the i t e m S a n d t i l e dispatch of commercial ^ f ^ f ® ^ i! 3 , ^ J a p a n ， a s v .' e11 a s problems related to tiie determination of the. qaalificationsof representatives to be nominated by the business concerns. . The spokesman said that tiie lift of tiie ban on ， a < ? e J a p a n does not mean tne beginnina cf free trade. The Chinese GovernmenL will be very^" careful m the select!on of representatives and the exj^rtea items. The number of representatives to be sent to-^.apan is tentatively fixed at 64, and this number is subject to change as conditions change, 3CAP Headquarters in Tokyo will only permit、 representatives at one time, aad they mast transact b ^ m e s s speedily, said tiie spokesman. After txiev reti^n to China, their vacancies -will be filled by other a^-plicants approved by trie ministry of ^cenomic Affairs.- iUNiJJ Government エrxformation Office Daily Bulletin No. 39 July 1 6 , 1 9 4 7 . 上•Economic Reconstruction 2. Reoapfiure of Pe^-piao (KOT』： Editorials or feature translations are for t.ie information and reference of readers of tiie Daily Bulletin. Suoh translations in no way indicate tiiat tiie Oiiinose Government advocates or endorses til© opinion Expressed therein.) 氺氺氺氺氺氺氺氺氺氺氺氺 ECONOLJ： C R2]C0KSTRUCTION Emphasizing the importance of national reconstruction in the suppression campaign against the Communists, the Shanghai Sin Vv'an Pao today expresses the hope that "fclie United States will help furnish the neooessary materials to accelerate the rehabiliation of Chinese e cOTiomy. V 巩e are now engaged in a straggle, says tne paper, betwd?“ construction and destruction, democracy and totali-oarianism, unity and disintegration. To win, the G-overnment must seek, in accordance witn tiie provisions 〇f tiae general mobilization order, to intensify the work of economic reconstruction. Tiais will help to expedite the suppression of rebels, maintain public order, boost agricultural arid industrial production and overcome the present economio crisis , opines tne paper.••一end RECAPTURE OF PEHPIAO, COAL CENTER (Condensed from a <Tuly 15 NanKing Centra.1 Daily hews article prepared by the National R sources Coiiiaission) G-overnxaent troops recently recaptured, battle- scarred Peiipiao, coal 々enter east of Chaoyang in Jehol Province, with suoh speed that the Coaimunists were not able to carry out their customary sabotage- of tne town's collieries. On June 28，Pehpiao. fell to the Goicuxunists for t二e fourtii time since V-J" Day when they concentrated, more tiian 10,000 troops against ttie ..^i'rcly^lefendid/oity. Peiipiao has naturally been the target of repeated Coiamunist attacks sinoe it is one of tiie greatest coal- cent ers in i\iortJi Ciiina with an estimated, coal deposit of about 200,000,000 tons. Up to n o w , less than six per cent of tiiis has been exploited. In addition, the ooke from tiie coal produced there is particularly fit for the manufacture of steel as it contains very little piiospneroas and sulphur. Daring the years of Japanese occiipation, Peiipiao had. a record annual production- of 1,600,000 tons of coal. The Japanese xaade desperate attexapts to increase the out- p u t , but in doing so, they ravaged tne m i n e s , maliciously nesleoted all safety r.les, and allowed safety equipment to fall into disrepair. The Communists first orought ruin and destruction to the ?ehpiao mines on January 3 , 1 9 4 6 , when tiiey removed what the7 could carry away and destroyed whatever tJaey had 七o leave behind. This almost f inished the m i n e s , since they iiad already been badly stripped, of important machinery by the Russians, wiio occupied Peiipiao for three months immediately follo"A=ing the Japanese surrender. The Government occupied, the mines on January 17， and the taking-over committee spared no time in installing the re.nnant machinery, salvaging and retrieving lost parts, repairing demolisned buildings and enlisting workers and tebiiniciaiis for the revival of ち！:丄e m i n e s . After three months, t-.o of the four mines assumed partial operation. Sverytiiing progressed smoottily until tne CommuQj stc scourge again visited the mining town. Tiie OornjiLunists made their second, raid on Peiipiao in iiay last year, destroying one electric plant and looting more than 01^2,400,000,000 'worth, of mining equipment. A month later, the/ made a tiiird attack on Pehpiao, dynaraiting the water-to\;ers, an exhauster ana other essential nainins ecLiipmerit. Fortunately , tiae Peiipiao mines are now safe in Govern丄ent hands. Hov;ever , from past experiences , we have no way of telling tiiat tne Coiiiiiiunists w i l l not in— itiate anot;i ,r attack, unless adequate protection is given to tニe rehoiao loixies,"•—end Government Information Office 1.aieKiang-Kiangsi Railway Daily Bulletin N o . 40 . 2 ぃ Slaying—Of .ンエnfiistrial July 1 7 , 1 9 4 7 » Expert (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for tiie information and reference of readers of the DAILY 3ULLSTIN, Such translations in no -way indicate that rthe Chinese じo、'-srnment advocates ot endorses the opinion expressed tiiereiru ) 水ネ*丰氺*氺氺不氺氺氺氺氺氺氺 RErlABェLITATION OF CriEKI遍G-IQ瓜G3I RAIL7/AY (Condensed from a July 10 Ta Kun/ ?ao article oy 8:ian Yu-yaeia) Despite the Ooaiiauaiat reoellion, briasin-c death a n a destruction to China‘s North and N o r t h e a s t , " m the Governmerrfc-Jie丄a areas where peace and order prevail reconstruction worK. is o e m g rapidly carried out. The rehabilitation of the Cheici.nff-Kiar^si Railway is a striking example. " Tins railway, wiiicii traverses CheKiaiik, Kiangsi and nuna^ ガr春vinces, has been reconstructed w丄ta onparallelled speea, iie project was be ? un last February, and the lOS iciloxaster Iviniiu.a-Ciiuki_section was completed by the 丄-aidベ上e of Marcii. On June 5, tlzs 82-ccilometer Pinssiang- ChucJiovv section connecting Kiangsi and nunan was open "" Jo traffic. Ten days later, trains started to run between ^ancnang and Kiakiang, a stretch of 123 kilometers. Three parts of tiie line are still unfinished: the' o^-lcxlomster. Mnhua-Ciiuiisien 3ection, ti':e 20£-kilomste^ Siiangjao-Kanchang ss'ction and the 292-kilometer Nanchang- •Pingsiang section. Given auffiGieat material, reconstruction •？i t h e eoatire railway is expected to be completed' to^aAd trie end of this year. Directing the rehabilitation project is riou G M a — y an, chief of the OJaekiang-iiajigsi Railway Administratlan, A graduate of tiie famed. Tang Shan 4agineering C<XUege Hon went to tiae ひnited States in 191S to study at Cornell. He caxne back an accomplished engineer. During the war years, Ho a first served as managing director of the Hirnan-. Kwangsi ̂ Railway A d M n i s t r a t i o n and later as foe dire ctor of tiie Engineering Department of the Kweichow-Kwangsi Railway. Because of his perseverance. Jie was nicknamed ? f Water Buffalo". 15S “ Thg Chekiang-Xiangsi Railway has depended heavily Ul\fHRA for equipment. Now tiiat U1'®RA is aDoat to close operations in Cnina, lioa v-ill oe 3evei*ely pressed to get neces-rary materials to finish, the job, -- END. Wiien. iiou first assumed his new office last Januany, he had to start from scratch. The railway at tiiat time existed in name only* Reconstruction could not be started because t lie re were no materials. Exasperated, Ho a went to Nanking to discass tiie problem "with. Ya Ta-wei j ivlinister of Communi8fetion3. In tvi/o weeks r time, railsj ties and other materials began to arrive fot the restitution of the Chekiang-Kiangsi line. Hoa still faces tremendous difficulties. tte still needs rails enough for 619 kilometers, 553,^38 ties,1,83C,000 rail nails and 240,707 rail clips to g his job done. .パ]len traffic on the railway is resumed, to render adequate service, he mast g:t 113 locoiaoti ves, 2ol passenger cars and 1,596 freight cars to aaement the 30 locomotives, 35 passenger cars and 300 freisiit cars he has now. J^ ^C ̂ f*. ̂ C ĵc ijc ̂ ^ ĵc SX^il^G OF. ;L.D‘.—o'riil』 Yu Tsai-liii, 39、 head of ttis • engineering department of tiie Pehpi'ao mining center and one of tiie most experienced coice-refining experts in China, .was slain oy the Chinese Communists on July 1 after they took Peiip:.ao'. (The city has since been re captured by Government troops., ) TJae unarmed engineer was stiot in tiie head at the ^vansiaan mine, one of the collieries at Peiipiao, .and his .body was left in tiie mud. -His remains have since been transported to Crdnchow. This* case wag reminiscent of the slaying of Gtiang Hsin—.fu, rekfown engineer and special comaiisaQner of the Government, who was 由 o t by the Communists in the course of taking over the Fushan coal mines. , レir. Tu graduated from I\iationa 1eiyaii^, -tiji^insering College iji1930, and iie was apointed/Sr^Jie fuel section of the Mi aixxg, Sesear-cti Bureau of tiie Ministry of EconAmio Affaire in 1937. He was director of the coke-wesJaiiig factory of the Tien i，u Coal Mining Company _n 1940. . Two years later, he was sent-, by the National Hesources Commission to the United • 3tates. to study； coal-washing and coke-refining methods, After iiis return to China In 1945, he- was appointed coal mining . adviser to the. War Production Bo： rd, and he was concurrently director of the coke-washing -factory of the Tien J 'u Ooal Mining Company.. s e nth o . 1 1 — — l o 9 —— Mr* in was sent to acsist 丄n the taking-ovei/of the Fasiiun coal mines after the end of the war, n e joined ‘ the Peiipiao Coal Mine as head of the enaineerixig department in January this year. Mr* Yu is survived by his wife and four children, the eldest is only 13, "An expert like Yu belongs to the nation^" said Mr. Y. S, ^un, Vioe-Giiairman of the -National Resources Commission. ’’エf the Coxnaianist Party were a , political Party ‘ vvnich intended to win the people 's support by industrializing the nation, the Communists wouid not iiave killed him," -- END. Government Information Office Nevvs Release No. 3 Nanking, July IS, 1947 OUTLINE FOB IMPLOffi^TATlQ^ OF MOBILIZATION TO SUPPRESS REBELLION.AND COMPLETE CONSTITUTェOIUL GOVERNMENT Following is the text of "The Outline for the Implementation .of Mobilization to Suppress Rebellion and Complete Constitutional Government" which was adopted by 七he . State Council today (July 18， 1947) 5 to become effective immediately. ム f t 丄 e l. f -- This Outline has been formulated in accordance with the stipulations of the Program for the Enforcement of National General Mobilization to Suppress the Communist Rebellion, » Remove Obstacles to Democracy and Realize Constitutional Govern- ment as Scheduled, which was adopted by the State Council, and the provisions of the National General Mobilization Act (promulgated by the National Government on March 29,1942, and. put into effect on May 5,1942), Article g. — Enforcement of constitutional government and conducting of elections in connection therewith shall all be expedited as stipulated. Article 3. — Manpower necessary for military, labor and oth?r services required to suppress the rebellion shall be fully mobilized. Any action to evade or obstruct such services shall be punished in accordance with law,, Article 4. _一 All materials required to suppress the. rebellion, including foodstuffs, clothing, medicine, oil, coal， iron and steel, transportation and communication equipment, and other supplies needed by the military, shall be immediately mobilized. Any action to evade or obstruct requisitioning of such supplies, hoard them or profiteer frcn t u ern shall be punished in accordance with law. Article, 5.,, — Close cooperation shall be maintained between management and labor in all enterprises. All disputes shall be mediated or arbitrated in accordance v.dth law. Sabotage, strikes， loek-outg or any other actions hampering production or disturbing social order shall be punished in accordance with law. Artj.c;e 6，一一 In order to stabilize the peoule's livelihood, the Government may institute restrictions or controls over market prices of daily necessities, salaries and wages, the flow of materials, use of capital, and other financial activities. Article..7丄--The Government shall, in accordance with law 5 take punitive measures against assemblies where speeches or other actions incite the people to rebellion. Article 8, -- In areas recovered from rebels, authorities' concerned shall consolidate security measures and maintain social order. When necessary, loans may be extended, taxes in the areas suspended and social relief and medical aid carried out. Article 9. -- Refugees from rebel-held areas shall be given adequate relief, assistance and accommodation by authorities concerned. Article 10. Authorities concerned shall direct and assist especially the operation of food, fuel, textile and metallurgical industries, as well as all other industrial and mining enterprises having special needs. In case of a shortage in capital, Government banks may grant loanj in order to increase supplies. If necessary, the Government may exercise control over finished products. Article 1 1 . - - I n areas free from the Communist rebels, local administration shall be revamped and social peace and order safeguarded. To improve the people's livelihood, priority shall be given to urgent projects of production, transportation, irrigation and water conservancy. Article 恥 — E q u i t a b l e taxation shall be increased and unnecessary expenditure curtailed in order to finance the suppression of the rebellion. • Article 13. -- Measures ？ ト b e formulated to enforce thrift and increase efficiency, for observance bv both the Government and the people. Article 14.， — Basic rights of the people shall be fully respected and adequately safeguarded. Any impingement thereupon shall be strictly prohibited, unless necessitated by laws and decrees required for the implementation of mobilization and the suppression of the rebellion. Article 15.,,,-- 恥]lere there is need for separate detailed で „ for the implementation of the Outline, such measures shall be drawn up b^ the ministries and commissions of the Executive 丄uan concerned, and, after their approval by the Yuan, promulgated by mandates for enforcement., Article 16^. -- Violation of Articles 3 to 7 of the Outline or any action that should be disciplined or restrained in accordance with the stipulations of these Articles shall be punishea in accordance with the Provisional Penal Regulations for Obstructors of National General Mobilization (promulgated by the National Government on June 29，1942, and put into force on August 1 , 1 9 4 2 ) . Public functionaries 钸ho， in the exercise of authority delegated to them under the Outline, break the law or neglect their duties shall be punished in accordance with law ° UNITED UIOIIS INFOai^.Tia： CLIJTSn 212 Eribenknent Bldg” Shsrphai. FIffiSS RSU^;SE U!-!IC/PR 131 19 July 1947• ‘•：钤•か Econonic mD s o c n council - b.;ckgrcuiid and work accoitlisiedv^ ,S-''̂ '-ぬ."か The United Nations Social pnd 2conor.ic Council, v;hich is novr iic-ldin[： its fifth session in Lake Success, has been aptl̂ r described as the ニost Gl̂ bor.:,te organization of eny organ of the United Nations. Dealin •• vdth e vido ranこg of social and cconcric probleris that beset the vrorld, the Council r.v̂ lls itsoir cf the resources, facilities, m d export advice ond counsel of nuriorous coi:•-issionŝ sub-conrd.ssions and specialized agencies coriprisinr it in finclin.” a solution to these probleins • Striking proof of tho , f :reat tasi: vdth i;hich tho Council is charged is the varied progrsn of w r k hchzg carried out• This iiicludes such diverse projects as collcctinこ funds for feedinrr noedy children, drafting ？.n International Bill of iiuuon xiirjhts, survc-inp- t v -.o tr .ber noccls of Europe and. the possibility of a i/orla shipping orgonization, translating the world 1 s classics into nany lan.mご,；es, tackling currency and er^ployncnt problems, drafting a T-̂ orld calondar of 13 nonths， snd perfo rr.dng other constructive tasks of econonic and social bcttorrunt in order, as the United .Nations Charter--says, to "crcこto conditions of、：orld stability and Vfell-bcing". The Council is co posed oi'18 Txnbors first elcctcc: "by tho u-cner--.；. Assembly on January 12-14, 1946. Pig Council hold its session frci：'： Jmu-r; 23 てつ February 1G，1946 in London. . j.n "the first r-ession, the Council decidoc to call rii International Health Confcrencc and an Intomationcl Conference: on Trade vi\u rjr^loTment； ostablisnocl Coixiittoos on refun：cos m d clisr.lacc-d persons, r.nd o：: nor-o- tiaLxons "with int or-governmental orsanizr.tions; and set up a じ onission on iMarco tic- Drugs p.nd five "nuclear 1 ' Gomissions, "which acted as prelininaiy bocics to fv.raisl' advice on various prohlei's with which the Council i:as concerned. (nore) T — 2 — UNIC/PH 1 3 1 Tiie Econor.iic -̂ .nd Social Council's second session - thc first in the United States - v:as held fro:.: 25 1-V to 21 June r.t Hunter Colic Tho Council studied the report of tho ! foc.hnic.̂ l truparatory Corx\dttoc of the Intornational Health Conference (^.ich opened in June); rovievrod proposed constitution for a new Intemff.tional icfu^oe Or::r.nisr.tion (LtO) one sent it to U.i：. ncrbcrs for comcnts; recomcndcc that tho G-cnurr,! -sscrbiy rpprovt a,::;rcc nonts vrith the International Labor Or^misatisn (ILO), the United lotions Edu- cational, Scientific and Cultural Orcnnizotion (T1.:E5CC) , ^nd t' .e Ford nnd Arrriculture Crgmizetion of thc United Kr,tions (F..0), dafinin- their relation— ships to U.I；, as o^ccij-lized “：-cncics; an':, decidod on thc tr,sks an: Worship of Corrissions on 3cono:.:ics vnC Jbployrぬnt, rrmsy-ort ,-nd Cosainicrtio-.s,冗f,.- tistics, Hunn.11 Ilights, end thc Status of :.onun. The fhl^d Session of thc Co^cil was heir, fro,11 Scptenher tc 3 October, 1946. It set up two additional Commissions; sif^nittcd ？, craft constitution for IRO to tho G-enoralパsscdblyj rocorxiendcd thci ostal^lishnent of nn In_"t、,rnc.r,?—on̂ x Children's 3morじency Fund for the relief of hungry youngsters i:i v‘?.r一torn areas; recomondcd the est^blishmsnt of en Sconovdc CorEassion for '.̂ uropo; aid sent to the General Asseibly a nursber of ^nonfcents to the r^recrients 丨.:hich make possible intomat?.onal control of th; drug traffic• All of the newly establisl》: 1 Co: is si on 3 be-an their vrark soon after the Council adjourned. The Coranission on Narcotic Dru-s h e V its first session fro: . 27 KoVeふc-r to 17 Deccr.iber. The Social Coixiission m d the Sconouic and jnploynent, Corcdssion opened their first sessions on 20 Jrnur.ry. Tho Coixiission on H u m n 二i S hbs snd tiie Statistical Coixiission opened thoir first sessions on 27 Jaim:ry. The Transport and Conunuiiications Comaission nnd thc P o p i H i o n CoiaKission be^an their first votings on 6 February Tho Coiission on the Status of i.foenn opened its first session on 10 Februniy. ( : G y - 3 - UNIC/F.Ii 131 Tho Economic end Social Coundl's Fourth Session bc^^n on 26 February and snded on 29 :iarch, 1947. The Council roviewer: the reports of its Corrisrdons, -^ich by then had concluded, their 4 ..aitial nectin; : 3 made appropriate recomondaticns to iienifcer Govern:-orrts; set up cp, I^concric Coordssion for Europe and on •ニconoi.iic Co^xiission for ^sia and the Far East, both of "which had been approved by tho General A s s o : s e l e c t e d neribors for a Sub-Coi^lssion (cf the Cc-xiis^ion on I t o n dこht.s) on Frcodon of I n f m t i o n and of the Press and a S”上-Connission on tiie Provcntion of Discriirdnation and Protection of lanoritios; aiid decicod to call an intcrnatior conference on rcscnrces end conservation, probably in 1943; a vforld Statistic：1 Congress, to be held in Soptei.:bor 1947, in Washington; and ごn Inter;に.tionr.l Shipping Conference, to take ipiace l'\te in 1947. Tiie current fifth session of the Council bein_; held in L^kc access is confronted with an o,.r;enda containin|/r；;こ11 the vn.y frori proposals lor a wo rid calendar of 13 months rnd 13 vjotIc. holidr.vs > onC. vorld oil authority, to reports on the last sessions of the ^conoidc Cormiission for Europe -•,nd the Economic Commission for Asia end the Far East. Chile, a nenbor of th、lb-natio Council^ has proposed that the Council consider the creation of Economic Coirjmission for Latin America. The 5th session will hear reports for the first ti .x； fro：; two of tho United Nations opccici丄izcd ^goncics. These ？x r J the United l^ti Scientific r.nd Cultural Organization (UNSoGC) aid the Interr\-tion-'l Civil Aviation Organization (丄G“0). It v;ill a].so take up .二 propos:-! of tho Inter- national Co-operative Alliance, a non-^overnniontc.l oreniization^ tliat the United nations create a World Oil “uthority, starting \i±th the oil resources of the liiddle 二ast. The Authority would, unclur the ICL.‘ proposal，nake c il available on a coimierical basis on tho principles of the co-operative movcinent. Of great interest will be the report to the Council frou its じub- Coimnission on Freedom cf the Press and Information and fro,, tho Draft in；;； CODIJI- tee doing spadowork for the International ::ill of トImn lights. (nore) -u - TJUIC/Pu 131 The Council vrill be acting on thc proposed agenda for the' -orlc Conference on Freodon of Informtion in 3uropc next I'l̂ rch or April, while fro：:: the Drai'tinr- Co:Tiittee will come sueこestions on tho Declaration on Huncn riijhts end i.ntei7ia- tional conventions which niこ 1 'rt imploscnt then. Relr.tecl in a jcn^ral way will be the r^renda topic entitled "ユ。port on the Guarontee of »orld Trade Union nichts". The last session of the Cornell referred this natter to thn ILO and its own Consission on }iumsn lights for initial study. At its vnry recent session r.t Oenevc. ILO wrote its thinking into a resolution on freedom o f association an: so sonethin.ニ very specific will cone back to tho しouncil fro." thr.t source. Tho original request for United Nations こction on tho nattor ca..:c from the ^ r l d Federation of Trade Unions, one of t he： non-govornncntal cr^anizritions •having (へ consultative status with the ニconc: :ic m d Social Council. Dircctly conccminf tho populations of Asia and iha F.-\r Bc.st is the report of tho ZCaFE v/nich will be taken up by the Council. This derls v;ith the reconstruction p r o e m for the devastated countries of this .-i. The current noctirrj is also expectod to r.rran̂ ;c f。r t!、.o tr^a-ovcr of cortoin Lea.^ue of Nations functioiis in the contrpl of traffic in wonon rnd children. Cuba has proposed elimination of ta^ces and tariffs, e t c .油 i c h interfere vrith the supplying of consumer countries by basic food raisin;; countries. The Secretary-General will report OR plans for contributions through- out the vrorlc fTOn .^ovcrnnents ？jkI indiviclurls to yndonrrito th‘. rclicx pro .rr二 for childron. The United States 如こ France hnvc clreadr i.^de -evemaentel contri- butions. Individual contributions arc even now boir.rcccivod. The temination of UIIR^ will bo reflected in tho Council's r-eriし-.?, ir several vreyg. Thc Secretary-general has circuited a report on the xinancinl needs of devastated countries after the cessation o』.. ui.H‘ help. Sir Rcnaswani HudaUar of Inclie, is the president cf the Council for 丄、； Dr. Jan Papanck of Czechoslovakia, is first vicc-prcsidcnt eaic Dr. Alkrto Area p c .rro of Peru, second vice-president. (norc) Other EEEibcrs of the Council session r.ro： Chile 一 Homrji Santa Cruz, China - Dr. P.C. Chare, Czechoslovakia 一 Lt’.dislr.v fr'?nc。- Pierre Kcncles, Thicr：'- de Clemont Tonncrre r.,rvこ Jacqu.os cle F o M u , Lc ''; ion - Dr. Charles ！-alik, Mctho-rl^ls - J.'-. Beyer” ：：ひ：Zoclvr/- - Jcxios x h ^ f Turkey - nil Ilanr. T^rli-n, United Kin : ;do;a - Hector I.cl-cil, UoSl - P n c s - S or Alexander liorozov, ^cnczuxin. - Dr. G-rics D-sco丄3•， “：でncic?s ncv; related lith the United Nations h-vo "frecnonts ： ニicb. nero -.pnroved by the uenoral ^sseribly at its Ir.st session r.r. the： International Organization、」-0) Food and A S riculturc Orび.nizr.tion of tho United Nations (?A0) United Nations Educational, Scientific, ？..nd Cultural Orgonizr.tion (UNESCO), ard エntcrnation?:.l Civil ‘Wir.tion Or':で.nimtion (IC^D). Aroncies not yet "rou^it into Xon-.-i r.Motionshin r.rc tho： Intcrnatj.onrd. Monetary Func’， Intern,ぐ。ion."l Brxik for Reconstruction w^d Dovolopmcnt, Internet j.on;:l Telecor:i_.unic : ':.icn£.; Union g , ami Universal Postal Union. The portion of the Secretariat assigned to assist in thu work of the. Council nncl tho G, irrd. S Eions is divided into t ^ dep^rtmunts hcn.dnd respec- tively by A.D.K. Owen, Assistant Sccrot.'ry-Gcner^l for Econonic Affairs,.が Henri Laugicr, Assistant Secrotary- G eneral for -̂ ocir-l Affairo. The Council arrives at its decisions b?/ n sirple majority. i;:、.ch Member has one vote. The Council moots at least three tiiLOS ？. year,っ.c- cordinc： to its present rules. It elccts a president ^ d two vice- Frcsidents, chosen as individuals, at.er.ch first session, to serve throu S hout the year. Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 42 July 1 9 , 1 9 4 7 . (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Saoh translations in no way indicate that tiie Chinese Government; advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) J^C ĵc jjc ^C jjC ̂jc NATIONAL MOBILIZATION ORDER Nanking papers today give their full approbation , to the Outline for Implementation of Mobilization to Suppress Rebillion and Complete Gonstitutional Government. Following are excerpts from the editorials: Ta Kang Pao Today's Ta Kang Pao calls on the people to fally- support the "Rebellion Suppression and National Salvation Campaign," which, it says, is designed to fight for national existence against traitor si Stipulations of the Outline, the paper aays, empower the Government to adopt measuores to cope with tiie present war Situation and at the same time iifelp to promote im- plementation of constitutional govermnexit• Successful execution.: of tiie suppression campaign will depend on tiie eradication of disloyal traders, profiteering through speculating and hoarding and those bueaucrats responsible ..、 for corruption and inefficiency in the Government. Central Daily News The Nanking Central Daily News today calls upon the Government to increase administrative efficiency, protect the people's rights and eliminate corruption in its administration in order to successfully carry out tbe national general mobilization and expedite the conclusion of the campaign against the Coxomunist rebels. Administrative efficiency can be achieved, says the pftper, by simplification of governmental procedures, througJti .combining or abolishing overlapping Government agencies, and by improvement of the civil service system. 一— 1 6 3 一一 • During the war, the Comnunists increased their strength while Government troops were fighting valiantly against the Japanese, the paper maintains. With the nation's financial resources greatly depleted by the war, and the people »s lisring conditions increasingly worsened, the Communists think that the time has come to overthrow the Government. As an answer, the Goverrmsnt must synchronize the mobilization order with the initiation of economic reforms, ""•： ふし、 Peace Dail^ Judging from the provisions of the Outline, the final aim of the Goverrurent is still the enforcement of constitutional democracy, the campaign a«ainst the Communists being only a means to that end, says the Nanking Peace Dail.^ today. While it is true tJaat the Government has been given temporarily extra powers by artioles3 to 7 pf the Outline, this is a small price for the people to-., pay in view of the country's promising future once the Communist rebellion, is supprsssed. The paper also urges the nation tea answer tne call of the Government to practice thrift. In this connection, says the paper, a good example ban be set by the wealthy residents of the l<i anking-^hanghai area. -_ Ex^D • —** —一 \ Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 41 July 18,1947» 1.Outline For Suppression Of Rebels ‘ 2; Peace Traaty With Japan (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN, Such translations in no way indicate that tiie Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein,) OUTLINE FCR SUPPRESSION OF REBELS The Nanking Central Dailj News todays says that tiie Outline for the Suppression of Rebels and tiie Enforcement of the Constitution adopted by the Executive Yuan is the most efficacious program ttot could be devised for these purposes. If, the paper says, all the people are fully aware of the seriousness of the pre sent situation and lend the Government their full support, tiie completion of our punitive campaign against tiie Comnunist rebels will be hastened. While articles three to seven in the Outline provide that the Government shall have the right to conscript manpower, mobilize material resources essentialliso the rebel-suppression campaign, control comiiiodity prices, curb strikes, and restrict assemolies and propaganda designed to incite reDellion， Article 14 stipulates that •tiie people's rights shall De protected and any unwarranted impingement upon them shall be strictly prohibited. Tiie Outline has made it patently clear ,the paper asserts, that wJaile the Government is ready to pacify the Coumunist rebels, it is a丄so prepared to improve its administration, enforce constitutionalism, stabilize tiie people's living and protect the people 's rights. Tiie full implementation of this program will ens are an early- completion of the suppression campaign and achievement of national unity. -- END. ま * * * * * 氺 氺 * * * * * 氺 * * 氺 • • — I d x 一一 PEACE TREATY WITH JAPAN The Shanghai Shun Pao today welcomes the u nited States proposal for a preliminary conference to draft a peace treaty with Japan, and the paper asserts that China, understanding Japan more thoroughly than any other country, should devise proposals to serve as a basis of the discussion. Ciiina suffered tiie greatest losses in the war against Japanese aggression, and naturally she hopes ttiat a peace treaty will be concluded as soon as possible, tiie pacer says. Though China will not seek vengeance, yet she mast endeavor to prevent any future Japanese aggression. -- END. — 一 1 6 2 — — Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 43 July 2 1 , 1 9 4 7 . Japanese Peace Treaty- Elementary Education (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed, therein,) 本 本 * 本 * * * * * * * * 本 本 JAPANESE PEACE TREATY Interview with Hsu Shih-ying Advocating early conclusion of a peace treaty for Japan, Hsu Shiii-ying, chairman of the Mongolian- Tibetan Affairs Commission of the National Government and Ambassador to Japan、 prior to tiie outbreak of war in 1937, said in an interview with Central Dail^ News yesterday that China desires a truly democratic 3apan, living peacefully with other countries of the world. The 75-year old authority on Japan opined that the peace treaty for #apan should be concluded by the end of next June at the latest. In addition to exercising rigid military control over Japan, lie further opined, the Allies should direct her to a democratic course. The Japanese may choose their- own way of regeneration, but they must be watched lest tJaey embark upon further aggression against other nations, particularly China, Mr. Hsu warned. It is true that Japan has been disarmed physically, and ideologically the Japanese peasant and workers are as cordial and peace-loving as the Chinese people, the former CMjiese exnisaary to ^okyo said. However, he observed f the middle class in Japan has long been dosed with militarisfl, and therefore, to disarm the Japanese ideologically, we mast start with the reorientation of their educational system. ‘ China should begin preparation now to negotiate a peace treaty for Japan, Mr.ねsu declared. Mr. Hsu suggested that any proposal China ' brings forward should be based on a 30 year transition period for Japan. The veteran Anhwei diplomat approved the U. S. proposal calling for a preliminary conference among Cliina, the United States, Great Britsdn and the Soviet Union to frame tiie treaty first before the act ual peace parley is convened where eleven countries, as well. <as the Far Eastern Advisory Comission, are be represanted. —•165 -- Interview with Chen Po-siieng Stressing the complexities of framing a peace treaty for Jagan, Chen Po-sheng, editor-in-chief_ of the Central News Agency and expert on Japan, day before yesterday in an interview with the Central Dail/ News defined the fundamental problems of the treaty aa demilitarization, reeducation of Japanese youth to democracy and encouragement of Japan's light industries. "Signing of a peace treaty with Japan is one question while occupation of the islands, anotiier, H Mr. CUen said, "Even after the conclusion of the treaty, there should still be Allied military occupation^uide the Japanese government during national reconstruction. n SCAP, which has been conscientiously disarming Japan, destroying her war-making power and dismantling here heavy industries will have to be succeeded by some other organization, he said. Mr. Chen believes that China, as a close neighbor who has borne the brunt of Japanese aggression should be charged with the onerous doty of reeducating the Japanese. It is ty^e that many of their textbooks, giving distorted or exaggerated information on history and geography, have been discarded, he admitted, bat the reeducation job is far from complete. The resurgence of light industries in Japan is sure to effect our own economic life, Chen Po-shen warned, and we should strive to improve. oar own industrial undertakings, through effective economic measures, balanced development of light industries in both. Japan and China could be secucred. And, furthermore, markets in the South. Seas could be reasonably divided between the two countries. -- END. 本本本本本本本本]！(氺氺本本本本本 ELEMENTARY EDUCATION The Government spend CN| 21,863,334,281 on exementary education for the last academic year, the Ministry of Education announced day before yesterday, adding that 269,937 primary schools were operated during that period. Of these schools, 32,015 were hsiang or chen "nucleus" primary schools; 214,658, pao peoples f schools; 22,236, ordinary 6-year primary schools; and 1,028, kindergartens. Enrollment in the above schools totalled 21,813,898, of which 5,583,342 were girls. There were 4,688,606 who finished their primary education last semester, of which 1,121,185 were girls. Of these primary schools, 38 were established by the Central Government, 575 by provincial government^ 254,057 by hsien governments, and 15,287 by private \ individuals. Faculty membeis in all these schools totalled 785,824. -- END. — X j 8 7 — If any financial aid to Ciiina is contemplated, it should be chiefly aimed, at relieving the sufferings of the Chinese people end promoting tho national economy. For tho present, CMne . w&nte somo aesistano© from tha United 8t6t»丨 to ourb inflation, says the paper. ノ » Through OonuPol wedeawyer^a inveatigation, it is hoped that the United State® may discover that oonstruotion projects oan still be carried out in oertain parts of China despito the intern&l oonfliot. Constructive snteppriees will gain iopdtua if toohnieal and financial aesistaaoe from tho United Staws is available, tbe paper opinos. — END. UNITED STATES INFORMATION SERVICE Shanghai Branch 205 Hamilton House 敁an_ g S e , Foochow Roads Telephone No. 111Q9 ^SFECIilL RELEASE • July 22.19ム7 ViEDEMEYER STATEMENT A statement to the press by Lieutenant General A, C. Wedemeyer on プrival at Nanking, 22 July, 1%7, at the opening of his six weeksS "fact- finding appraisal of the situation" in China and Korea (in the words of President Truraan's 11 July annotmcement of the mission)：. "It is over a year since I left China after ny long and pleasant assignment as Chief of Staff to the Generalissimo and as Commander of American forces. It is most agreeable once more to be here among old friends, whose friendship for my country and whose cordiality to me are gratefully recalled, I have looked forward to a renewal of those friend- ships. I regret that niy presence in China is to be brief, f̂ r time and effort must be so continuously applied tc labors of prime importance to our countries that I foresee little time for exchanges of that warm hospitality which is traditional among the Chinese paople. "To the work to be done in the coming six weeks I can refer at present only in general terms. I am directed by the President of the United States to make an appraisal of the overall situation in China and Korea, i.e., of present reality in these two countries and of their capabilities with regard rehabilitation in the foreseeable future. My mission is essentially one of fact-finding, in which I am aided by a small group of men expert in the several fields of economics, finance, engineering and political affairs. F e are interested primarily in learning and seeing something of the efficacy of measures taken by the Chinese Government, looking toward Chinese recovery. "It will be seen (1)that the time is short for the accomplishment of our taskj (2) that the mission members must devote practically their entire ^ime to the accumulation and evaluation of information, potentially of immense importance not alone to Cbir.a, Korea and the United States, but obviously to the world at large; and (3) that if our work is to be of real aラd timely value, as I am determined it shall be, we must undertake it without prejudgment or commitment of any sort. "GODQ results are most likely to be attained through sound and careful planning based not upon what we hope to be true but upon what, through objective and thorough examination, we know to be true. "ミhis statement explains why I cannot now (or, I suspect, in the near future), offer any statement of expectation or intention save one — that of carrying out,to the best of my ability, President Truman's directive to me, to ascertain all facts pertinent to the political, economic and military situation, favorable and unfavorablej to relate them to each otherj to appraise them in that relationship; and at the conclusion of my mission to present the sum of these labors to the President of the United States." YJEDEMEYER LEAVES FOR CHffiA^ KOREA staff'fST0!!? Jf7 - L t ' G e n . A l b e r t C . ^demeycr and his staff left Washington today for China and Korea xvhore he will make a fact- £ l n d l n ？ ^ssion is cxpected to last about six v;oeks. The 如デral m i l submit a report on his findings to President Truman on his 'IレvUIエ丄• ’ _^cdemeycr uill head the mission as special representative of the v n 7 5 ^ r a n k f a m b a s s a d o r - Accompanying him will be: Fiscal adviser, David Jenkins of the Far East section of the Treasury Department P o l l ^ c + a l 产 1 ア ， 紐 1 计 Sprouse of the Office of Far Ea S tern Affairs in' ^ v f a t ? ^ p a r t m e n t ' engineering adviser, Rear Admiral Carl A. Trexel of C 1 !t C °/ Ps '> c c o n o m i c adviser, Melville 'Talker of the State Department's dxvisxon of economic development; and public relations adviser, Mark I?atson of the Baltimore Sun. Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 44 July 2 2 , 1 9 4 7 . <NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of reader s of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses tlie opinion expressed therein.) 本本本本本本本本本本幸本本本本本 GENERAL WEDEMEYER'S MISSION Central Daily News Pointing to international aspects of the G M i u s e Communist problem, the Central Daily News today expresses the hope that General ""edemeyer will realize the Government must cr ash. the rebellion, not only to anfiy gJiina, but for the sake of world peace* The Government, with utmost tolerance, made all possible concessioiP to secure peace through political means, 3费ys the paper. Yet the Communists issued general mobilization order tbree times during the past year. This past winter the Communist Party shut the door to peace negotiations and Enounced the Constitution adopted by the National Assembly. Obviously, the problem cannot be solved by peaceful methods, tiie paper says. In the past 100 years, China has suffered greatly from foreign oppression, warlordism, Communist rebellion and Japanese aggression, the paper observes. During the Sino- Japanese war, China sustained enemy blockade and occupation of a large part of her territory. Industrial centers in coastal areas were captured by the Japanese, and agricultural regions in tiie interior had to contribute their products to meet the needs of war. Consequently, after conclusion of the struggle , China not only bore the physical scars of war, but she suffered from heavy weariness. The paper asks General作edemeyer to remember this when measuring China's present deficiences. The daily says that General Wedemeyer is a great friend of China, who served valuably as a link between this country and the U, S . daring the war and immediately after its conclusion. The Chinese Government, the editorial urges, should present facts to him 及nd respect any criticism he makes. - 1 6 8 一 Ta Kan^ Pao Despite the brevity of his stay in China t General We dome ye r left a good and indelible impression upon the Chinese people through the services he rendered this country in the training of her'troops and the repatriation of the Japanese prisoners of war, the Nanking Ta Kang^Pao states. As soon as he arrives, General fvedemeyer will see that the Chinese situation ha3 degenerated considerably since his departure early last year. It is our earnest hope that the presidential envoy will avail himsisif of the opportunity to gath&r the entire truth about China, on the basis of m d c h a sound U. S . China policy may be formulated, concludes the paper. Hsin Min Pao While self-help is primarily important to China daring this crucial moment of Communist rebellion and economic crisis, we also need outside assistance badly, the Nanking Hsin Min Pao states today. And, aid from the United States: to help rehabilitate ‘ the country, improve the people*s livelihood, alleviato tho economic crisis and speed up industrial production, is particularly 1 necessary to as now. Lieat-Gonei*al Albert C. Wedemeyar with his vast experience in China affairs will supply the United States vdth facts, the papor states. And on tiie basis of his mission, U . policy should bococio clearer and mo.:e definitive. Sin Wan どao In suppressing the Coxnraanist rebellion, the Chine so Government and its people aru not only fighting far the ir own salvation, but also for th« maintenances of the world pじace, tho Sin ^an •t'ao states today in an editorial welcoming General Wedemeyor. Since tiie onclusion of tho second world war, tiierc has not been any reconciliation betwe^i the two world factions and tije Qhinese proolom is only oxia manif^station of this conflict, says the paper. To save tho world from ruin, continuos tho paper? it it the duty and responsibility of the u nited States to holp those nations w M c h are actually engoced in combatting the expansionists. China needs special assistance because of her long and gruelling struggle against the Japanese, tho paper concludes. -- END. —•169 -- Article 17. In addition to the stipulations of the Outline, the Executive Yuan may, in accordance with the provisions of the National General Mobilization Act, at any time issue mandates to expedite the suppression of the rebellion. Article 18. -- The Outline shall be promulgated for enforcement after approval by the State Council.--END. r Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 45 July 2 3 , 1 9 4 7 . (N0T3: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Sach translations in no way indicate that the Ghi:iese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * WEDEMEYER'5 MISSION Shun_Pao The Shanghai Shun Pao today welcomes General Wedemeyer to China and the paper calls the special envoy's attention to the international aspects of the Chinese crisis. Since the capitulation :f the Japanese two yeers ago, the position of the Soviet Union in the Far East has become increasingly important, says the paper. Conscious of this change in the Far Eastern situation, China has cultivated the friendship of Russia at great cost. Despita concessions China made ii) the Sino-Soviet Treaty, industrial equipment in the Northeast was removed, taking-over of the Northeast by the government was obstructed, Sinkiang Province was attackod by Outer Mongolian troops, and Korean Coxnmunists are participa- ting in the civil war against tiie Govt-rximent. Under those circumstances, how can China be unified politically and stabilized economically, the paper asks. than Ghina suffered greater losses/any other country in the war against Japan. China's war scars can only bo erased with faroign help. China and the United States were wartime allies, and now, two years after.tho : end of the war, tho Chinese people hope thut the U. £». will give them all possible assistance, for the mutual benefit of botli countries. Ta Kong Pao Stressing the importance of General Albert V^edemoyor • s mission, the Ta iiun^ Pao expresses tho hope today that the US envoy will carry on the spirit of Goneral^eorge C. Marshall to help China achieve peace ,unity7a59iocraoy. The paper says that since General Wedemeyer is familiar and sympathetic with CiiiJaa, his findings will be a sound basis for U . 3. policy toward China. — 1 7 0 — UNITED STATES INFORMATI® SERVICE Shanghai Pranch 205 Hamilton House, Kidnpse, Foochow Roads Telephone No. 11192 DAILY NEWS BULLETIN No. 610 (MOHNIMG.EDITICK) July 23.19A7 SMATE COMMITTEE REPORTS BILL CK MEMBERSHIP IH SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSI® WASHINGTON, July Z2 (USIS) — The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today- voted to report out a bill authorizing U.S. membership in the South Pacific Commission, The commission was established last 》ear at Canberra by representatives of Australia, France, the Netherlands, Few Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States to encourage international cooperation in the economic and social welfare advancement of non-self-governing territories in the South Pacific. The bill passed the House of Representatives yesterday. MOST OF U.S. SURPLUS PROPERTY JIQITIDATED WASHINGTON， July 22 (USI&) -- Major General Robert M. Littlejohn, report- ing on his first year as war assets administrator, said that almost 70 per cent of U.S. war property so far deelared surplus has been liquidated. Disposals by WAA and other domestic agencies for the year ending June 3 0 , 1 % 7 totalled US#13,600,000,000, of which sales aecounted for US$6,600,- 000,000 and miscellaneous disposals (leases, scrapping, donation and transfers at discount) totalled US$7，000,000,000• The net cash return to the Government totalled US$1,4-00,000,000. Littlejohn reported that among the purchasers were veterans and the Federal Public Housing Authority which purchased construction supplies and equipment to promote veteran housing. The administrator added that future acquisitions of surplus property may amount to another US$7,000,000,000 c Littlejohn pointed out that his agency does not handle the disposal of sur- plus property in foreign countries, but that credits had been granted to other countries to purchase surplus property in the United States. Finland and France have already been granted such credits, and one for Norway is pending. STATEMENT ® CHINESE RECEIPT OF U.S. MOVABLE SURPLUS PROPERTY WASHINGTON, July 22 (USIS) — The China and Eastern Asia Office of the Foreign Liquidation Commissioner has announced that contrary to previous re- ports, as of May 31,194-7 about 玎S各170,000，000 U. S. procurement cost of movable surplus U.S. property, had been made available to China. These turnovers were made under the terms of the bulk sale agreement of August 30,194.6. The current figures represent the first part of the FS|500,000,000 of property (procurement cost) provided for by the agreement. Previous tq the signing of the agreement, the U.S. Government had turnoi over to China a total of approximately US$32^,- 000,000 of property at cost, in addition to US恭500,000,000 of movable goods. Movable property on which notices of availability have been sent to China includes many types of equipment, including trucks, road and construction equip- ment, clothing, food and medical supplies, but specifically excluding aircraft, combat material, ships and other marine equipment. The property is located in China itself and on 17 islands of the Pacific, including Guam and Okinawa. At the end of May, the Board of Supplies of the Executive Yuan had taken possession of US髿59,700,000 procurement cost of movable property. The rate of acceptance by China necessarily lags behind notification by the Office of the Foreign Liquidation Commissioner due to transportation problems and arrangements. (more) u. S. Information Service "2 " July 23,19A7 STATEMENT ffi CHINESE RECEIPT OF U.S. MOVABLE SURPLUS PROPERTY (Cont'd) Procedures have been set up and large amounts of movable property have already been transferred to China, The transfer rate is now accelerated, and under these procedures it is to be expected that the transfer operation will be completed vrithin the 22 months allowed by the basic contract, A State Department spokesman ocplained that the US#324,000,000 property turned over to China consisted of fixed installations, such as airfields. Of the US|500,000,000 movable goods, China has received about US$170,000,000 worth. The Unit'ed States has not received any cash for these movable goods, but did receive the equivalent in services, "Fl-evious reports" referred to in the first paragraph are understood to refer to a statement by a Chinese official in Nanking, who on June A said that China had received only US$20,000,000 worth of U.S. surplus goods, mostly tion-military trucks. U. S. COMMENT ON IND眺SIAN SITUATI® WASHINGTCK, July 22 (USIS) — E n r ly reaction of American newspapers to Dutch attacks on the Indonesians has been generally to regret that the Nether- lands has not accepted offers of mediation and has not placed the case before the Ibited Nations. The Kew York Heraid-Tribune today said: "If permitted to continue, this conflict will bring many deaths and much suffering to a land where the bright hope of self-governinent has been about all there was to alleviate_the distress caused by the long years of Japanese occupation. • "One cause of the war was fear of the Dutch that they might lose all their vast investments in Java, . • Another cause of the fighting was the political immaturity of the Javanese. . • "There has been provocation on both sides. The picture is not one of pure blacks and 池ites. On balance, however, major responsibility for the war seems to rest with the Dutch. For one thing, they issued an ultimatum which signaled its beginning. For another, they certainly are politically mature and thus should have made great concessions (as the British did in India) to the intense emotions aroused in Asis. today by the ideas of independence and democracy. "The Dutch should have paid more hec-d to the frightful suffering in pros- pect if ther.e is a long war in Java and to the possibility that the fighting. • could be avoided there « as it his been in India. It should have been possible to reach a settlement through negotiation but even after negotiation failed there was no reason to resort to slaughter. The machinery of the United Nations might have been used -- and still might be used, as urged, by President Sockarno of the Republic, An alternative, perhaps a better one, because the Republic is not now a member of the United Nations -- would be to make use of the good offices of London or Washington or both to bring about mediation or arbitration. "After all, the Dutch long ago accepted the fact that the age of iraperiali； in Asia is near its end, and the Javanese long ago agreed to gradual transition to complete sovereignty. In these circumstances, it should not be impossible to find Kiddle ground, especially when both parties have so much to gain through peace and so much to lose in war. The Javanese seem anxious to renew efforts to seek peace and surely the Dutch, who themselves have suffered sレ severely froir. aggression and whose talents are best suited to a calm world, should be willing to return to the conference table." The New York Tines observed that since the Dutch did not take recourse to British offer to act as arbitrator, "this action cannot be interpreted otherwise, therefore, than as an effort by the Dutch Government to impose by arms what it believed, it was not goinr to gain by negotiation and which it did not choose to submit to arbitration. (rore) U. S* Information Service 3 一 j ^ y 23 IQ47 U. S. COMMENT ON INDONESIAN SITUATION (Cont'd) "The whole world must feel, as the British Foreign Office put it, •keenest disappointment' at this outcome. Regardless of the merits of the final deadlock — and we believe logic was on the side of the Republicans in insisting on a aratnal cease-fire order and also insisting on their ability to maintain order in territory over which the Dutch already had publicly acknowledged their de facto authority — the military action by the Dutch while the Republicans still were annomcing their willingness to negotiate the disputed points, or submit the points to arbitration, cannot be condoned. "In this unhappy situation, it seems to us that some, action by the Security Council of the United Nations is clearly called for. . • The best time to put out fire is 油en it is small." The St. Louis Star-Times yesterday regretted the Dutch failure to accept offers of arbitration, and noted that they are stronger than two years ago. The editorial added： "Yet no matter how much stronger the Dutch may be, victory 前ill be »ostly. It always is against men who believe that they are defending themselves and their homes against an oppressor. And, in the end, just what could it be worth to the Dutch? • • • Better — as we have said before — that they should grant freedom and then extend the hand of friendship. As mentors of free Indonesians, the canny Dutch might do well,• • There is no future left for colonial imperialism,» The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette declared! "The United Nations. . . was created primarily to handle such threats to peace." B O H L M BECOMES STATE DEPARTMENT COUNSELOR WASWINGT®, July 22 (USIS) -- Charles E, Bohlen, special assistant to Secretary of State Marshall， has been nominated by President Truman to succeed Benjamin V, S®be& as counselor of the State Department* Coh&nis resignation, effective July 31,was "reluctantly" accepted by President Truman monday. In his letter of resignation, Cohen said: "You appointed me cm«i»elor shortly after Mr. Byrnes became Secretary o f State. When Mr. Byrnes resigned, I submitted my resignation, but at Secretary Marshall丨s request I agreed to stay on until after the Moscow con- ference, It is now my M s h , after 2J, years of almost continuous Government service，to take a rest free from all official responsibility." In addition to Bohlen«s nomination, the President also named John Carter Vincent, veteran Foreign Service officer and career minister, to be U.S minister to Switzerland. The nominations of Vincent and Bohlen were quickly approved by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee today. Bohlen, A2, was named special assistant to the Secretary of State in November 1 % 6 . A Foreign Service officer, his first post was at Prague in 1929. Subsequently he served at Paris and Moscow and attended numerous inter- national conferences. He accompanied Secretary Cordell Hull to Moscow in 1 9 / 3 ， 、 れ ， ミ 如 conference in 19^3, advised the U.S. delegation at the Dumbarton Oaks talks in 1 9 U , accorapanied President Roosevelt to the Crimea conference the following year and served as political adviser at the Berlin conference. He also served at the んreign Ministers' meetings at London and Moscow in 1945, and at the Paris meeting of Foreign Ministers in 1%6， As counselor, Bohlen will be responsible for advising and assisting the Secretary of State on problems of foreign affairs. He is especially rell- versed on Russian relations, speaks Russian, and has participated directly in many meetings between leading U.S. and Soviet diplomats. (more) U. S. Information Service •• 5 July 23,1947 BOHLEJi BECOMES STATE DEPARTMEKT COUNSELOR (Cont'd) Cohen began his career as a lavryer and was named general counsel for the U.S. Public Works Administration in 1933. He served on the National Power Policy Commission, 193A-U1, and with the Office of War Mobilization, 1913-U5. He acted as adviser to the American ambassador to Great Britain inl941 and assisted the director of the Office of Economic Stabilization in 194.2-4.3. He also served at Dumbarton Oaks and at the Foreign Ministers' meetings. He was appointed State Department counselor in September Vincent, 46, attended the Berlin conference and the Foreign Ministers' conference at Moscow in 1945. He served at Geneva as consul in 1939 and as adviser at the 39th session of the International Labor Conference there. He entered the Foreign Service in 1924., his first post being at Changsha, China. His subsequent wide experience in Far Eastern affairs culminated in his appointment as director of the State Department's Office of Far Eastern Affairs in September 194-5. In his Swiss post, Vincent will succeed Leland Harrison, who has been U.S. minister to Svd.taerland for the past ten years. Harrison is being . recalled for special advisory service in the Government, the details of which have not been announced. FARMERS STRIVING FOR HIGHEST POSSIBLE COM YIELD CHICAGO, July 22 (USIS) — American farmers are exerting every effort to obtain the highest possible yield of this year's corn crop, despite dis- couraging spring planting conditions and a series of floods which curtailed the prospective crop volume* Under Secretary of Agriculture Korris E. Dodd, addressing the American Society of Agricultural Engineers here on Monday, specifically took note of the U.S. corn outlook as it effects rorld food needs, and told how farmers are striving -- by their own zeal and the use of machinery and technological advancements — to harvest the largest possible crop, Better weather since July 1 in the principal corn-growing states, extra speed in planting the crop, use of high-yielding hybrid seed, and steps now being taken to offset the effects of probably larger than normal "high-moisture" corn this fall, were pointed out as encouraging factors, Dodd noted that the national picture indicates a prospective corn crop which is about average for the past ten years^ But due to the abnormal times, Dodd observed, "the hungry people of Europe and Asia are still calling on us for food in undiminished amounts — amounts which completely dwarf our •normal 1 exports." Thus, he said, "we will need every kernel of this com crop that ve can possibly save." Dodd praised the farmers of the ffiddlewestern corn ttelt, observing that vfhen the weather finally cleared they "ran their machines day and night, plant- ing at record speed. The fact that they finally planted within 1.3 per cent of their intended acreage is a great tribute to their hard work and superior machinery." Progress of the crop has been delayed in some states, Dodd said, to the extent that "soft corn, high in moisture content, low in feeding value, and of poor keeping quality is probable this fall,"He expressed more concern about potential losses from high moisture than from an excessively short crop. American farmers, aided by the Pepartraent of Agriculture, state experiment stations and the farm machinery industry, are preparing to do something about this problem, he said, "and each year has given us a little more information and experience on how to meet such situations. "Our knowledge' of how to use forced hot air to bring down moisture in corn through better ventilation in cribs, so that air can better reach the c o m , throu^i clean husking and cleaning out the debris in corn which encourages spoilage, through using corn for silage when, moisture is too high for drying — all of this knowledge is going to make a lot of difference if it can be generally put to use."、： (more) U. S. Information Service •• 5 July 23,1947 FARMERS STRIVING FOR HIGHEST POSSIBLE CORN YIELD (Cont'd) iin Agriculture Department statement, observing that seven of every ten acres of corn is planted with high-yielding hybrid seed this year, said this would be a factor in regaining some of the losses in the corn yield due to adverse weather. Short-season hybrids mature faster, helping reduce pre- harvest frost dangers. ETIROFEM RECOVERY iiND SECURITY PROBLEMS DISCUSSED WASHINGTON, July 22 (USIS) — The importance of increasing the coal output of the Ruhr area and the problem of raising the German industrial level so as to fit into an integrated European recovery plan are receiving much attention in American press comment. Editorials also have taken note of the French view that a revived German industry might menace her security, several papers suggesting that to allay such fear the 厶0-year German disarma- ment and' demilitarization treaty, proposed by the United States last year, might be effected as a U.S»-British-French agreement. A viewpoint frequently- expressed is that if a cooperative economic rehabilitation program drawn up along the lines of the U.S. proposals is to succeed, the three major Western powers must resolve their differences as to Germany's economic future with- out undue delay. The Washington Post said, in part: "It is absurd to think that we are giving Germany prior consideration. But the fact remaips that the United States is responsible for the adminietration of its own zone in Germany. It is our own task to put a prostrate Germany back on its feet. But v;hat we are aiming at under the Marshall plan is the integration of German resources in a working econony of Europe, , "Actually, the experts in Paris are at work to achieve precisely this objective. To be sure, the political future of Germany still remains to be settled, and we agree with the French that ideally this ought to have been settled prior to any cooperative attempt to reconstruct Europe, "However, the stumbling block in this respect is the Soviet Ifcion, though there has never been a meeting of minds on this problem among the other Allies, The French could help to promote such a meeting of minds in several ways that would inure to their own security in respect of Germany. They could join their zone with ours, as the British have done. They could have a 40-year pact with this country governing German demilitarization. "Such actions would insure control of Germany, and it was shown in the years between the wars that it was the atrophy of Allied statesmanship and Allied controls (and, of course, the retirement of America from Europe), and not secret rearmament, that accounted for the comeback of an armed Germany. "Such gestures on the part of tho French would pave the way for an overdue political settlement of the Ruhr, the powerhouse of military Germany. In the meantime, the new object in France's and Europe's interest should be to make the Ruhr the povrerhouse for a pacific and progressive Europe." Commentator Barnet w over said in part: "From the viewpoint of Europe's overall recovery, there ia very much to be said for the new German directive, (the U.S. policy statement made public last week). Nonetheless, bearing France's deep-rooted fear of a powerful Germany in mind, it is essential that France's views regarding the Gerraan industrial level be taken into account, "The French must be persuaded anew that America's basic aim is the recovery of Europe as a whole or at least that part of it which is prepared to join in a program of self-help. Such a program will inevitably require that a greater use be m d e of Germany's industrial and mineral resources than has been the case since V-E Day. This does not mean and cannot mean restoring Germany's war-making capacity," (more) U. S. Information Service 一 6 - July 23,1947 EUROPE/iN RECOVERY ；KD SECURITY PROBLEMS DISCUSSED (Cont'd) The Fartford Courarit: "France shies away from increased German steel production, on rrhich German poyer has been built in the past. Nevertheless, German production of not only steel but also manufactured goods as well is essential to Europfcan recovery. Therefore, that production must be increased, without at the same time risking a future military threat, "There is no ray to accomplish this trin objective except through the principle of the Marshall plan -- namely, fundamental changes toward the integration of all Europe's economy, If the nations now struggling at Paris have the will they can find the way, through continued joint control, toward that recovery of their economies that can come only with the help of German industry. And the same Fill cane achieve that recovery vdthout inviting the rebirth of the German arny. "The TJhited States alone cannot bail Europe out. It can only help those who help themselves, even if that involves pioneering mutual economic help- fulness," fURR：[騒 TELLS OF HIS EUROEEi'iN TOUR WASI T INGTON, July 22 (USIS) — Secretary of Commerce W. Averell Harriman told a press conference on Monday that if the European countries were able to get together on a coordinated plan along the lines of the Marshall plan, industrial and agricultural production could be increased and Europe‘s pro- blems solved. Discussing his observations on a two-week tour of Western Europe, Harriman declared that he found among the European people a will to work. Fe thought the food shortage was mainly responsible for the lag in Ruhr coal output, which is still only half of prewar production, with better food distribution ana some additional equipment, he said, it was hoped to raise this level to about 70 or 75 per cent of the prewar rate. He stated that the American industrial plan for Germany does not give Germany priority over the rest of Europe in stimulating production, but he pointed to the fact that German production has lagged far behind the quotas set at Potsdam. Not only Germany but all of Europe would benefit from an improvement in her production, Harriman declared. German industry is now at a level of only 38 per cent of its prewar volume, as against 90 per cent for France and England. This lag must be taken up if Geraany is to take its proper place in the European econony, he enphasized. Harriman visited Germany, France, England and Italy, but he devoted most of his time abroad to a study of the Anglo-American zone of Germany, (END OF MORNING SERVICE) Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 47 July S 5 , 1 9 4 7 . . 1.Yellow River Dike Repair 2. Japanese Peace Treaty 3. Stabilization Of G hina‘s Currency 4 . Economic Reform Plan (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that tiie Chinese Government advocates or endorses tiie opinion expressed therein*) * * * 氺 * * 氺 * * 氺 * * * * * * YELLOW RIVER DIKE REPAIR The Central Daily iMews today warns that millions of lives in north Kiangsa are endangered by the Gommunist obstructions of tha Yellow River dike repair work. After the closing of the river gap at Haayaankow, dikes along the Honan-Shantang border needed immediate repair, says the paper. In tiae interest of the peopled safety, the Government agreed to the UKRRA proposal to cease hostilities in the designated area, provided, that the Coxnmunists would also observe the cease-fire order. The UKRRA project was frustrated, says the paper, because the Communists,spurning the cease-fire offer, crossed the Yellow River in full strength and captured many laborers engaged in dike work. By their persistent and wanton destruction, the Coimunists have lost their status as a political party, says the paper, and it is t hs dutj- of the Government to bring them to justice and 3%lt tiieir ravaging of the nation. -- END" * * * *氺氺氺氺氺氺氺 * * * * * * JAPANESE PEACE TREATY Sin Wan Pao Commenting on the Soviet rejection of the U . S. proposal that preliminary talks be held on the peace treaty with Japan, the Shanghai Sin Wan Pao says today that the longer the Japanese peace treaty is delayed, the greater tiie friction in the Far East. Should Soviet Russia, like the United State3j intend to conclude treaty at an- early date, says the paper j differences of opinion regarding the procedure of drafting the treaty will not be very important. As soon as the treaty is concluded, the tense situation in the Far East, caused by the degeneration of relatiorP between the United States and Soviet Russia since the end of the war, will ease, states the paper. Southeastern . I n tiie forthcoming conference on the Japanese peace treaty, China should insist on total and perpetual disarmament of Japan, says the Shanghai Southeastern nailjy today* ’ It is generally agreed that the treaty must conform with the principles embodied in the Pofceaom Declaration and the United Nations Charter. More important,'however, is "full implementation of the treaty once it is signed. The example of the German repudiation of the Versailles Treaty, strict as its provisions were, should serve as a warning. In this/ionnection, methods regarding the supervision of the fulfillment of treaty obligations should be clearly stated. A supervisory commission of the United Nations, permanently stationed、In Japan, will greatly hylp enforc- ing of the treaty. -- END. STABILIZATION OF CHINA'S CURRENCY Stabilization of China's currency is not only- indispensable in the revival of her internal economy and the promotion of her foreign t r a d e b u t it is also a pre-requisite to the stabilization of Chinese political and social conditions, comments the Shanghai Sin Wan Pao today. The United -^ress reported that General Wedemeyer • s mission in China will study the problems of stabilizing China's currency and reducing her unproductive armed forces, so as to facilitate the rehabilitation of her economy. We hope that this report is true and that the Government is determined to reform its cu'rrency system despite the Communist rebellion, the paper says. - 1 7 5 — Sinoe the conclusion of the 耐， C h i n a ' s national economy has been perilously depleted; lines of communications are disrupted, and production is sharply curtailea, the paper states. Because of inflation, the country is facing 二 r ニ s u ^ f a ^ o ^ e ^ =』ニr盅。ニu ト 抓 ‘ to contemplate a reform in the currency s y s t e m . — 腳 . 本 * * * 本 * * * * * * * * * * * * 氺 * * * * COMMENT ON ECOI'OMIC REFCEM Pending the adoption of a new currency, only over-all planning by the Government to absorb overseas remittances and increase exportation can help China attain eqailibrium in receipts and disbursements of foreign currencies, said Huang Yuan-pin, member of the Legislative Yuan,、in an interview with the CENTRAL DAILY NEWS yesterday. Mr. Huang disclosed that some of his proposals on National finance, including currency reform, import^and export trade, were incorporated intp the new Economic . Reform Program recently adopted by the National Economic Commission of the Executive Yuan. The new economic program is similar to the stringent financial policy at first pursued by former premier Dr. T. V. Soong, Mr. Huang said. Under that policy, ”Dr. T. V. Soong, former premier, was steadfast in observing a stringent financial policy until the nation's industries were threatened with bankruptcy, said 赠. H u a n g , "when be extended loans to them for.productive purposes. These" loans were abused, for the industrialists, inste«<? of patting the money to productive use, emnlove^ it to speculate with gold bars. Tne failure of these loans tended to strength the belief of some financial authorities in the correctness of a stringent policy. "Personnally エ have advocated for years that the extension of Government loans be liberalized, provided tney are used in productive enterprises. This policy has been carried out effectively in the United States, Germany and recently in Sinkiang of China. It was also effectively practiced by the defunct War Production Board." With the issuance of the General Mobilization Order, the legislator opined, imported articles should be limx&ed to productive machinery, fertilizers, books and laboratory equipment. -- END. - 1 7 6 - Government, Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 48 July 2 6 , 1 9 4 7 . 1. American China Policy 2. Sino-American Friendship 3. Effective Food Administration Urged (NOTE: 、 Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readsrs of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) . In an editorial today, tiie Shangiiai Ta Kun§ Pao points out the following two things for the reference of General Wedemeyer and his mission in investigating conditions in China and Korea prior to the reorientation of the American policy towards China. The paper shys that the aim of General Marshall's mediation in China's internal strife was to lielp China achieve peace, unity and democracy. After J .his failure, this American policy was replaced, by Truman ism, and the American world strategy has since been inclined to anti- Soviet and anti-Communism. Japan, therefore, has been assuming a more important position than China, and this defeated country, with full-fledged support of General MacArthor, is gradually getting on her feet again. General Wedemeyer's mission in tne Far East is to investigate conditions in China dnd Korea. We are afraid, that the result of General Wedemeyer's mission will be the evolve膨nt of an American Far Eastern ^olicy that will place greater emphasis 一 on Japan than on China and Korea. We hope that the starting point of any American policy towards China shall be to help China achieve peace, unity and democracy, for the Chinese people's self-respect forbids them to follow the American blindly. In the second place, says the paper, if the United States wants to maintain or expand its China markets, she must begin by assisting Ciiina's constructive enterprises and strengthening the Chinese people's purchasing power under the pre-requisiよe of economic reciprocity. This, the |)aper says, is one kind of assistance the Chinese people desire from the United States. -- END. •AMERICAN CHINA POLICY SINO-Ai_'lCAW FRIENDSHIP 丄 ， ラ e ^ e w i n 呂 ^mo-Axnerican relationship since 1900, だ t i l e ? e ” r a l 仏 … s a y s , . th Q chief deterrents J 0 tiie.good friendship between these two countries are Communist propaganda, Chinese tradition and the absence of a positive U. S. China policy. . . . T J a e Chinese^ Communists and their fellow travelers, in inciting anti-Aaierican movements and assailing the American government, are working hand in glove with the Communists ，nd Communist sympathizers in the United States, who have ^ e v e r sickened their efforts to disparage the Chinese ヤ？ p e p e r ' T h e i r P ^ s e is to undermine =T S T°?? relationship between the two countries and compel t h e United States finally to withdraw from China. ” iや China, continues the paper, was under monarchical ミule for two thousand years, yoked with unequal treaties for = 1 0 0 y e T a r s a n d threatened by Japanese invasion 1° , 5 0 years. Under these handicaps it was only natural Iv thl rZ^Jlt c o m i n S - ^ ^ the reforms introduced ミ y t h ® Governxnent in the past one and a half years 5 a v e f ? 1 ]- e d t 0 achieve the desired results because of Coumunist obstructions. The American people, maintains t p L P K e J ' i a n x l e t y t 0 s e e improvement in China, tend to Delittle the achievements of the Chinese Government, • エ爷 the past six months the United States has foilowed no decisive policy towards China. Her hesitancv in n S m 0 r e P° s i t i v e action has caused much" speculation among the Chinese people, thus giving theCommimists fertile ground to foster ill feelings against tiie United States, says the paper. . • With the arrival of General Wedemeyer and his haren?ered ^ n n ' «° P i n e S , t n e p a p e r ' &no-American relationship to be?f^P th?? U 6 W 3 t a g e . A n d w e 貼扣 good reason ^ fcL u i ^ S i? 3 ^ c l o ? f ^ cooperation between China and the United States will materialize as soon -as the' above- mentioned misunderstandings are dispelled. - MD *本****本***氺水本氺氺本本氺氺氺氺氺 厕 E C T I V E FOOD ADMINISTRATION URGED ., T m Cogenting on the National Food Conference convening N n n t ? ^ 1 ^ b 0 t h t h e Shanghai。 i n W a n P a S and the 8 ニ = 六 0 ニ 二 ： 叫 卿 ふ ょ ぢ で ニ - —•178 -- Sin Wan Pao As was the case in our war against Japan, successful conclusion of the present anti-rebellion campaign will depend largely on effective measures of food administration. The current conference must evolve practical and feasible concrete measures to oxtend. the requisitioning and borrowing of foodstuffs by the Government. However, it is essential that, insofar as tiis peasant population is not over-burdened, tho military needs in food consumption should, be met, the civilian food supply properly adjusted, and the quotas for foodstuff requisitioning and borrowing augmented. Ta Karig_ Pao Requisition of foodstuffs tiiroagiiout the country is imperative during this stage of general mobilization and it will shorten the Communist-suppression campaign. The foodstuff requisitioning policy, first began during the war days. Through 'it foodstuffs were secured for military consumption, inflation was' slowed up and commodity prices were stabilised. However， the complicated procedure for food requisitioning wafl, often attacked and officials in charge of foodstufrs collections were often accused of graft and undorhandiid actions. Those attending the Food. Conference shoul(i seak to simplify such processes, curtail the expanses of. sucii organizations, strengthen supervisory organs and abovo all, better understand thu life and conditions of Chinose farmers.-- END. Vol Thex Shanghai Newsletter V o 1 I v ， N o « 6 July 2 8 , 1 9 ^ 7 Dear F r i e n d s , It isn't the same Woderneyer who is visiting us n o w ? t o judge from the new name this Prussian-American has been given by the Chinese people. His new name is pronounced Wo de mai y a , which m，anss "my step—fatherノ 1 A good—for—nothing son often shamelessly urges his mother to marry again, so as to be pro- vided for， But will it be of any use to get money from the American step-father? The Kuomintang, reactionary, c o r - rupt ? thinks it will. At least it knows — as all the world does — that 1て is doomed in a single-handed struggle against the communists. n .‘ エ七 will be an unbelievable miracle if this mi- litaristic mission, headed by L t . - G e n . Albert r;。Wederaeyer， l r } l t s fact-finding quest will find out that the fascist re- gime of Chiang Kai-shek should get no a i d , that the United States should s t i c k to a strict "hands off" policy, so that the chine se people c a n d e c i d e its own fate, ,. V/edemeyer's fact-finding mission is confined to finding means to help Chiang, so that U . S . dollars and bullets will not be spent in v a i n , 一 ‘ ‘V / e d e m e y e r may be unprejudiced, but only so far as aid to Chiang is concerned. D e f i n i t e l y , he has no goodwill f 0 T . t n e Communists. Neither will he regard the wishes of the Chinese people as a moving factor in his actions. i 』 ひ is n a t u r a l , t h e r e f o r e , that the Chinese peop- 丄e regard with great antagonism at the Wedemeyer m i s s i o n , the Wo de mai ya of the Kuomintang. N E W A R R E S T S , . . ^ While some political infants continue to pay 5 e e d て 0 the Kuomintang promises of democratization and en- forcement of a constitution, illegal arrests of intelle c - tuals continue. n , . This Newsletter has learned reliably that seve- ぞa丄 distributors of an anti—Kuomintang m a g a z i n e , the "Maga- zine D i g e s t " , have been kidnapped. Also, the military observer of the "Shih D a i Ji^i Pao" has suspended p u b l i c a t i ® n of weekly m i l i t a r y analysis because KMT s e c r e t agents have been on his h e e l s . His exposes of the true picture of Kumotang-communist var- a n J 5 1 S frequent allusions to communis七 broadcasts， intercepted by a San F r a n c i s c o radio station, are disapproved by Chiang's bloodhounds. _ 一 . . T h e r ? i s n o Place for opposition ~ riommunist or ^ n 「 ？ 。 ラ ラ i だ — i n the Kuomintang a r e a s . This is p r o b a b l y k l n d of "democracy" American government reactionaries wish to sponsor in n h i n a . C H I 久 O T U N G ¥ N I ? S R S I T Y T O B E D I S S O L V E D i r i H , .Repeated rumors in the course of the past v e e k inai c ate the.imminent dissolution of china's leading e n g i n e e r - m g university, the nhiaotung U n i v e r s i t y . High K u o m i n t a n g ( m o r e ) The Shanghai Newsletter -2- July 2 8 , 1 9 ^ 7 i s l i ^ ©auseo /IRMY RErRUITS JUMP FOR THEIR LIVES Thus from a train on July 22 private Teng Wei-ping leaped from a fourth class earriage when the train passed swi?tly t r o u g h Tanyang. He was seriously m ^ u r e d When 器 ? 窯 ぶ 盟 二 よ 巧 ニ S s e S o u s in^'ries' The^rest, only slightly injured, succeeded in fleeing。 The KMT government is noted for its insufferable treatment of r e c r u i t s . The enlisted men of Chiang's tottering military machine even now receive cN$l8，000 (or less tnan US cents ) as their monthly vrage. RASS R I C E R I O T S I N T H E R I C E BOWL — S Z E C H U A N Szechuan was wartime China's r i c e bowl, feeding the hinterland throughout the eight long years of anti-Japanese war. B S the Kuomintang^s policy of plunder has 二 P ニ v ? n r ,o In Neikiang, communications center between Chungking aaa ^ e n g t u rice prices 5 soared to $100,000 for a p i C u l . Hungry crowds gathered to take forcibly whatever stocks were hoarded in 逭 s r i ニ ePS ニ び ニ ニ 七 ニ ‘ ム 彻 め fcl C f i o t tha^ followed" tAere were more than three killed and numerous wound?d。 The majority of the killed and wounded were women and children. Inspite of the disastrous floods in S z e c h u a n that province has been ordered to deliver to the central authorities^ been shipped away, and the remainder is being collected. The civil war has emptied n h i n a 1 s major r i c e boyl, M a e h i n e g u n bullets for r i c e — that is how the Kuomintang trades with the Szechuan people. N O J O B S F O R E V E R Highly reminiscent of the fas c ist«like purge of. the U。S。State Department and。ther toeぞi C an g 二 器 ニ s of "subversive" elements, is the order issued, to all Kuomintang controlled enterprises, barring from employment members of tne staffs of the three "suspended" liberal lc c al newspapers, the Lien Ho Wan Pao, Wen Wei Pao, and Hsin Min Pao. This was discovered when a former Lien Ho Wan Pao reporter joined the staff of a government newspaper under an as- sumed name. With his true identity discovered, his editor told him to leave immediately. "Or else," he said, "both you and I will suffer." Middle school authorities also display especial caution in employing teachers and other staff members, fearing that these newspapermen may find a job with them. T h e E n d Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 49 July 2 3 , 1 9 4 7 . Their Present Stage 2. Support Of Food Policies 3. China's Co^promiao Proposal 1.Sino-American Relations At Tn̂ in/̂ T̂ -l ^nnnTit* ^^^^ vj x JL -CW^JVJJL O (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the inforraation and reference of reader3 of the DAILY.BULLETIN. Sach translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.}. Uttering "true words from a real friend," the Nanking Peace Daily today editorially offers its observation on three aspects of the Sino-Ajaerican relations at the present stage of world development, in the hope that the clouds now threatening to overshadow the steadily friendly relations between the two countries will be blown off the sky. The paper- says that the United States is apparently concentrating its attention in Sorope, where shs is assisting several countries to ciieck the infiltration of Communism. For instance, she is extending military and economic support to Greece and Turkey to forestall the expansion of totalitarianism. Yet why does the United States neglect the Cninese Comruanist rebellion? China's Sinki； ng province was recently invaded by Outer Mongolian troops and CJiinese sovereignty- over the Northeastern Provinces iias yet to be re-establisiiea. Tiie journal further says that w M l e General MacArtiiur*s achievements in Japan^Smuiendable ,the Chinese people are worried lest Japan might become anl aggressor again. Since the Sino-Japanese War fifty years ago, China has been invaded by the Japanese for four times or more, and if the Japanese were to embark upon aggression again, their immediate target would undoubtedly be China. It seems that right now the United States is giving belp to Japan in the hope that this defeated country might beoome an auxill^ary force of the U . in a future world conflict. Lastly, the paper points out that Sino-American . „ cooperation will constitute a stabilizing factor in tiie Far East as well as the world at large and this in turn will poove dis- advantageous for the spread of Communism. Hence, the CJiinese Corjomunists and their fellow-travellers are taking every ch-ance to harm Sino-American relationship. The paper s费ys that the CJiinese and American people should be on guard lest they be iioodwinked.-- jjc * SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS AT THEIR ?~riE3ENT STAGS —•180 -- SUPPORT OF FOOD POLICIES UHGjiD Tiie implementation of tiae Government f s food policies will not only meet the needs of the present Comcauni st - suppression campaign but will also speed up China's program of national reconstruction‘ the Central Daily News states today. As agriculture is still tiie backbone of China's economic life, tiie demand and supply of vast amount of farm products s.-ould be properly regulated, the paper points out. Then for the industrialization of our country, surplus foodstuffs should be exported to pay for essential machinery and equipment. Meanwhile, to help bring about a stable econom/, the farmers'livelihood should be improved and agricultural production boosted, tiie Central Dail-Y News con elude 辟. - - E N D . * *水 * *氺 * * * *氺氺氺氺 CHINA'S COMPROMISE PROPOSAL Dwelling on C h i n a ^ compromise proposal for an lrxforaal conference of the Big Four Foreign Ministers, • (China, the United States, Great Britain and. Soviet Union) to exchange views regarding the Japanese oeace treaty prior to the convocation of the U . 3. - proposed 1 1 - n a t i o n preliminary conference, and for the adoption of a two- thirds majority vote including China, the U. 3り Britain and the Soviet Union in this preliminary parley, the Shanghai Shun Pao today appeals to American and Soviet statesmen and diplomats to have a long-range view and work for a lasting peace in the Far East. Tiie paper recalls that the United states proposal to convene the ゼeace Conference on August 19 in Washington. デutsiae of the Far Eastern Comaxission and to use a simple two-thirds majority vote aims at preventing the Soviet IJn+on from again exercising her veto power. The Soviet n h ° e r 0 p 0 3 a l ' s e e k s a Preliminary conference attenaed by the four major powers only to draft a Japanese p，ace treaty and then submit this draft to other members of the Far Eastern Comimission for final discussion. It is reported that the United States has decided to_ convene tiie preliminary conference despite the Soviet Union's opposition. If tiiis is trne, the Shanghai paper says, the Unite a States and tiie Soviet Union will drift farther apart in the Far East. From any point of view, the rise of such, a situation will prove disasteroos for tiie Far East, and Gijina will be the first one to suffer. — - 1 3 1 In the past,. China has not been as successful in forming a oridge between the United States and the Soviet Union in the East as has France in Europe. This is partly due to the fact tiiat tiie United States has not always taken China's suggestions seriously. The Far Eastern situation is worsening. All nations concein6d, particularly China, the United States and the Soviet Union should exercise introspection. Unless timely steps are taken to prevent fur tiier deterioration, the F-ar East may again become a source of trouble for tiie world. -- END. •i* — 1 8 2 -- Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 50 July 2 9 , 1 9 4 7 . 1 . J a p a n e s e Peac^ Treaty 2. Yoane- China F&rty L。adar On Wcdexuoyer Ivlission (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of tiie DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate tiiat the Chinese G-overnment advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.} * * 本 * * * * 氺 * 本 氺 丰 氺 氺 氺 氺 * 氺 氺 * CHINESE PAPER'S VIEiVo ON THE FUTljRE JAPANESE PEACE TREATY. Political democratization, de-industrialization, re-education and total disarrna嫩ftt丨 are urged for Japan , ̂ by the Nanking Ta Kang Pao toda》.n an editorial cominenting onthe forthcoming Japanese Peace conference. In preparation for the conference, tiie paper opi.ies the Chinese Government should have a groapi, of experts to study all phases of t,ne peace treaty and to draft concrete proposals. * Politically, Japan's Q8ff.reesive sysfeem representing： combination of Mikado witii militarists and financial magnates, must be eliminated. "If want to have a truly peace-loving Japanese nation, we must positively nurture the democratic and progressive forces in Japan. ;f Therefore, the papsr continues, tha peace treaty for Japan mast clearly stipulate such reforms and the Allied control authorities mast be instructed to see that they are carried oat, The paper further says that the Chinese Government should voice opposition to tiie revivalof Japan's ina as tries at the 1930-1934 level. "We advocate observance of the PotsdainT Declaration, which perxuit3 Japan to retain only those industries absoluctely necessary to iier peace-time economy. The rest, particularly the ammunition industries, snoald be dismantled and distriDatea among the Allied Nations, Tae large quantities of treasures partly looted from China during the war and hidden by the Japanese Grovernment f siio Id also be divided among the Allies as reparations, and China should have at least iialf of them. 183 Then, the Japanese territory should be confined to the four main islands of Honshu, Kyushu, Hokkaido, and Shikoka. Any pleas for permission to regain control of islands around Japan or the mandated islands north, of the equator should be re so lately rejected. For re-education of the Japanese people, experts from Allied countries should be invited. Japan is a feudal state and her people are mostly conservative. For this reason, the Japanese people can easily be controlled by a ‘ small nooiber of schemers. The Allies mast try to re-educate tiae Japanese people so that they will accept Allied control in. their Jieart^^come a really peace-loving and democratic nation. Militarily, even after the conclusion of the Japanese peace treaty, Japan should still be ocoupisd by Allied forces, including tiiose of the major powers. At the same time, re- arinament of tiie Japanese mast be strictly forbidden, and even the police must not be allowed to carry arms. The Chinese paper recalls that even under the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler's token army of 100,000 strong turned out to be a menace to world peace. In tiie light of this lesson, any Japanese re? armament mast be forestalled. Vihen the Japanese were being repatriated fromi the Northeast, they said they would be coming back after five years. This shows that their ambition had not ended with tiieir defeat. -- END, ĵc ̂̂ ̂c sjc メ く ̂ ^ YOUNG CHINA PiiRTY LEADER ON WEDEMSyER l\aS3I0N The hope that General Wedemeyer, as a result of his present fact-finding mission, in China will enable the U. 3, Government to formulate a decisive policy in the Far Sast i/vas expressed by Tseng Chi, mBmber of the State Council and leader of the Young"China Party, in a statement to the Central Daily News yesterday. Mr. Tsen,- whose party is one of thres represented in the National Government reciii-Leia that following General Marshall's return to the United S^atea, there has been an interruption in the United states' policy toward China, and this has givenr rise to a feeling of gloom. In the opinion of the leader of the toung Qiaijxa p&rty, if the late President Roosevelt's idea that 'peace is indivisible is to prevail, China's relation to future world, peace cannot be les ： than that of Turkey and Greece, Hence, Jae a steed why the U . S. has ン assumed a passive attitude toward China,' whilo'； giYla& open and Gl©ar-cut iielp to tiie two European countries. 1 8ら Appointed State Council丄or during the government re- organization last April when the Kuomintang terminated its one-party rale, Mr. Tseng is one of the four mexabets represent- ing the Young China Party on tne highest policy•-making organ. He served as member of the People's Political Council for four consecutive terms. After V-J Day he took part in the Political Consultation 'Conference early in 1946 and later in the National Assembly. « His statement reads as follows:- "Lieutenant General Albert C. Wedemeyer was Coxnmander-in-6iiief of U. S. armed forces in China and concurrently Chief of Staff to President Chiang Kai-shek during the war. He had rendered meritorious services not only to China bat to the world as well. It is, therefore, a matter of great satisfaction to us that he is again in China "tills time as Presidemt Truman，s special entroy, "Follcwing General Marshall's return - tothe tiie United States and his auibBequent appointment as Secretary of State, there has been an interruption in the United States• policy toward China. As tnis pause iias lasted for quite soxne time already, it has given rise to a feeling of gloom. ”エn view of the farsightedness of many American statesmen, we have found it difficult to believe that the U . S . G o v e r n m e n t 1 1 •pursii® a permanent sit-back-and-do-nothing policy toward the lar East. If the late President Roosevelt's idea that 'peace is indivisible' is to prevail, Ch.ina"?s relation to future World peace cannot be less tnan that of Turkey and Greece, Tiie.n wiiy is it that tne United Spates has assumed a passive attitude toward China, While giving open and clear-cut help to the two European countries怎 "In General Wedemeyer's appointment, we are impressed anew by the truth as expressed by President Roosevelt regarding the indivisibility of peace. Because of hi s personal importance, General Wedemeyer, as a result of his mission,will enaole the U . Q . Government to formulate a decisive policy in tiie Far East, "It is our firm belief that the United States will never forget the oostly lesson of the last war. Vv'hen Japan started on the road of agression by creating the Mukden Incident in 1931, most people in Great Britain and the United States dismissed it as a local affair,：. The result, however，was that not only China but the entire world was later on engulfed in flames. "Now thoagh the old menace was gone, a new danger has arisen. We hope that oar American friends will, in view of their past "blood experience,” make positive and timely contributions toward the maintenance of world peace.“ 一- END. 185 — Government Informbtion Office 1.Opposition To Reopening Daily bulletin No. 51 Of Sino-Japanese.Trade July 30,1947* 2‘ Lond bonds To Be Yitst, Issued la North Kiangsu 3. Loans 叫de To Bboat North- east Food Proddction (NOTE: Editorial or feature t±anslations are for the information and reference of reader's of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations iti , no way iadi cate that the Chinese Government} advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) 氺 氺 * * * * * * * 本 * * 氺 MORE EDITORIAL OPPOSITION TO REOPENING OF SINO-JAP厕ESE TRADE Ta Kuiig Pao The Shanghai Ta Kan月 Pao today appeals to the National Government not to reopen private trade with japan, holding that Sino-Japanese trade is not trade in its real sense but -is a struggle of both countries far future markets. The Japanese initiated a series of "incidents', in tile past, attempting to seize Cnina• s resources so that their so-called '»Japanese-Mania-Ohiria" bloc woUld be self-supporting. In the past, Ctiina*a exports to Japan were materials for heavy industries which are equally- needed by Japan and China. If the Japanese procure these materials from China, their industries will prosper and if China loses these materials, her foundation for national reconstruction will be shattered, says the journal. If China and Japan enter into normal trading relations, Japan should buy China's such surplus products as silk, tea, tung oil, bristles etc, and China shoula bay Japan's machinery. Generally speaking, the paper points oat, the trading conditions between China dnd japan at the present time are that Japan does not want to buy what China Jias to sell, and China should not sell what Japan wants to buy. Sin Wan Pao Tiie bhangtiai Sin Wan Pao today points out that resumption of commercial transaction with Japan will iiave important effects on phinese economy and the paper asks the Grovernment to carefully weigh all factors before it consents to the reopening of private trade •between Ciiina and Japan. China should adopt an independent foreign trade policy that will promote domestic industries and also prevent import excesses, says the paper. However, tiie Shanghai paper says, the Chinese Government did not carefully enough consider tho early- reopening of Japan's foreign trade as proposed by the United States. Today as the revival of &ino-J"apanese trade approaches, our Government should stidy the problem more closely than ever. Should tJie resumption of trading with iTapan effect us adversely j the Government must oppose ^mo-Japanese trade< Or, in case under proper regulations, our surplus products could be exported to pay for machinery for industrial manufacture in return身 then such trade should be permitted. 一一 END, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * LAI® BONDS TO BE FIRST ISSUED IN NORTH KIANGSU To hasten rehabilitation of rural economy in areas formerly overran by the Communists, the Farmers' Bank of China has decided to float its first groups of 4 per cent land bonds in certain experimental hsien in North Kiangsu province, namely, Hwaiyin, Tangtai, Sutsien, and Jukao. Tiie issuance of land bonds, which implements Articles 7 and 8 of the Regulations Governing Land Redisposition in Pacification Are台s, aims primarily at an eauitable settle— ment of title disputes resulting from illegal land re- distribution during the Communist rule. With the interests of land owners and actual tillers jointly considered, the Government deems'it justifiable to place illegally “ distributed land under Government control §jQd lease it to all who want to fill it. A t the same^fgnd-owners will be compensated for their expropriated property by land bonds of corresponding worth. —_ 1Q6 —•«- Since land worth is assessed on the basis of the land's productivity, tiie value of the bonds accordingly is denoted in terms of tan, (a unit for weighing crops which is eqivalent to 1 0 7 . 2 4 pounds.)I'he bond shares are in denominations of 1，5， .10, 50 and 100 tan. Jor the present, a total of 1,000,000 tan bonds of different denominations have been printed and are reody for iss-ue. . The bonds will be liquidated annually over a period of 15 years. Payments will be in dollars at the prevailing value of the tans concerned. In the liquidation of debentures, the farmer s r Sank will tire to yrely partly on taxing those who lease and till tiae land, through the local governments concerned. Bonds may be used as mortages and securities in business transactions* END. * * * 本 * 本 本 * 氺 * * * * * * * 本 * * LOANS MADE TO BuuST NORTHEAST FOOD PRODUCTION To increase production of foodstuffs in the war-ravaged Northeastern districts of Ch©ngta # Szeping, Kaiyuan and Changwa, the Northeast Econon^c Commission is extending a loan of 50,000,000 to eachデthem, said Pan Chien-liang, special commissioner of the Ministry of Agrioulture and Forestry in the Northeast, who returned to Nanking recently to report on his work. Grants from these loans go to t h o s e : 1 ) w h o s e sons have been taken away by the Communists, 2) whose wagons and horses have been looted by the Communists and 3) whose homes and farms have been ravaged by the war. In addition, the Giiinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration is transporting five tons of fertilizers and 1,000. sets of agricultural implements to the Northeast to be distributed free to farmers in Szeping, C^nngtu and Kaiyuan. The Communist occupation is responsible for the food shortage in the Northeast, said Kuo Yuan, member of the North- east Economic Commission, who estimated that 3,200,000 tons of foodstuffs have been lost in battles since the Japanese capitalation. ikir. Kuo said that for the months of J uly, August and September, tiie Northeast will be still short of 410,000 tons of foodstuffs. Before the outbreak of the °ino-Japanese war, there was a favorable balance of trade in the Northeast, the main export items being broad beans, bean oil and t/ean cakes. After the Japanese occupied tiie Northeast, this condition was reversed, with an excess of imports ovc>r exports. This excess has become even more marked since the surrender of the Jaiaanese. In 19^4, the Northeastern, provinces produced 1,592 metric tons of cereals, while 1,314 metric tons were consumed ii... that area. Last year, 400 tons, of cereals were produced in tiie recovered areas of the N 0 rtheast where 441 tons were consumed. - - E N D . ‘ UNITED' KA.TIONS RELIEF AND REHABILITATION iiDMINXSTRATION Tel. 46389 Ext.19 FOR Il^DIAiTE RELEASE Shanghai, China No. 368 31 July 1947 The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration ha3 suspended all shipments to both Comfflunist and Nationalist areas of North China pending the negotiation by its China Office of more satisfactory arraxigemexits for distribution of a fair share of the UNRRA program to Communist controlled territories in China, WSSk Headquarters ajmounced today in Washington This suspension went into effect from twenty©igiit July > It applies to all areas of China (including Manchuria) North of tlx3 thirtyfourth parellal-thus including all of China's active war zones. All supplies destined for Communist areas, and for Nationalist—held areas of North China, are being impounded in the custody of the UNRRA China Office. ；; The action followed a statement by tie Chinese Goverjameat that it was no longer able to protect the distribution operation in T/GT zones, thus stopping the roo.venant of UNRRA. supplies intd Communist territory. UMHRk noted that its principles of equitable distribu- tion make it essential to distribute supplies on both, sides of Ciii^a' e fighting lines in order not to discrimiJiate against any group of needy Chinese and brought the matter to the attention of the UNHRA Comnittee of the Council for the Far- East. This Committee, after investigations, made recojcmendations to the IMRRA Central Commix-tee, the group of member Governments whioh decides questions of major policy affecting the -work of UNRRA. throughout the w o r W . The C h - Central Committee then directed UNRRA. to suspena shipraexits and to o^pas before Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek a new plan fox shipping into Communist-held, territory the 50,000 tons of supplies still undeliveced out of tho 83,000 ton program previously agreed upon. The new UNHRA ptoposaXs are: 1 . T o consider Ghefoo as a "closed port" uadei- the laws of war during three specified weeks in iuigust, September and October - thu3 enabling UNREA to get into Ghefoo liberty ships filled with UNRRA relief and rehabilitation supplies. A part of the same proposal is that the COE?：- manist authorities would guarantee not to use Ohsfoo for any military activity including supply shipmsnts wlaile UNRRA ships are in port. (MORE) z. To ship 25,000 tons of supplies from Tientsin down the Grand Canal into Coramunist held territory in two S-week "blitz” delivery operations, the first in September, the othoJ? in October and November. This would involve cessa* tion of hostilities.along the Grand Canal from Tientsin south to Potou during the specified periods. Efforts are also being made to find a working arrangement which will enable continuation of the Yellow River Project which is of such vital concern to millions of Chinese• As a result of the position now reach- ed tLese operations are at a standstill. If plans along these lines are agreed to by the Government, the China Office of UNKRk has been ‘ instructed to secure the necessary guarantees from the Commujaist leaders 9 The Central Committee has set a fifteen-day deadline for agreement by both the Chinese Government ead the Communist leaders to this plan. After expiration of this time limit, either the plan 如ill be piit lato effect, or the future of the China program of UNRRA will be reconsidered by the Central Committee• The steps announced today by UNRRA. followed montlis of negotiations between the UNRRk China Office and the NationaiiBt (Jovernment directed toward assurir^ equitable distribution of relief supplies on both sides of China«s fighting lines, in order not to discriminate against any group of needy Chinese, while safeguarding the lives of the "UNER^ and CNRRA. employees engaged in the work. In spite of continued assurances of cooperation by the National Crovernmant, there tdt^ ittQen several attacks by the Nationalist Air Force on relief ships carryiiig supplies to Communist ports, and many interferencer^lth tho movement of UNHRA supplies ajod personnel into Communist-oontrolled areas, in- cluding supplies naeded in the repair of the Yellow River Dikes. Comunist military activity has al含o on occasion interfered with the distribution of relief and rehabilitation supplies # Shortly after the issuance of the goneral mobilization order, the Government requested the removal of all XMSU± workers from Communist Hreas along the Yellow River and subsequently deolared the port® of Cliefoo and Shihchiuso closed by naval blockade• It liad also been made impossible to use the rout© southward from Tientsin down the Grand Canal, and restrictions had been placed on the unloading of trucks and other ©quipnent at tho port of YangchiakoU4 CNRHA AIR TRANSPORT • PUBLiC Rill AJ?IONS Telephone 34200. Ext.109. Shanghai, July 51,1947- NOTE TO EDITCRS ^ ND CORRESPONDENTS:、 Since the text of General Chennault , s Air Force Day address already has been circulated as an advance for publication after 3 P•瓜 Friday, August 1 , i t is necessary to advise you that the address will not be broadcast over the Armed Forces Radio Station, X1IA3» as previously announced. XMAG has informed General Chennault to publish the speech. us that the record is being witheld. believes therefore it may be inappropriate CNRHA AIR TR;NSPCHT PUBLIC RELATIONS Extension of Tromanism•& Marshall Plan r io China Urged Japanese Peace Treaty 32 Death Ciaarges Half Of Yenan Population Returned Use Of Foreign Deposits Of Chinese Citizens (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and. reference of reader's of the DAILY BULLETIN• ouch translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses tins opinion expressed . therein.) ^̂ JF^ jĵ ̂^ jc ネ jjc jjc SXTSKSIUN OF T R U I S K AND MARS:IALL PLAI'I TO CEAU. URGED The Shangiiai Shun Pao today, commenting on the American policy towards China, hopes that the United States will extend the application of Trumanism and the Marshall Plan to Ciiina and the Far E a s t . . - "The united States has her consistent policy towards Gbina\ wiiich is to rapport a strong, Chind* Tiae prfefeent chaotic condition withirl China originated ir the Yaita agreement to which the United States a party, th^ paper states。 Tilerefore > the Unitedデ没敝rally obliged to more firmly exacute iier consistent policy and assist in unifying： and strengthening China. In doing so, tiis American Government must give full support to the universally recognized National Government of China. From a historical point of view, the American policy towards China, represented by the Open ^oor Policy, the sponsoring of tiae Washington Conference by the American Government and Secretary of State Stimson's delcarafeion after the Japanese entered- the N rtJaeast, has always aimed at unholding a strong and unified China, the paper says, Now, the Ciiinese Communists have ostracized themselves, and the Chinese people, with firm determination, are supporting the National Goverruffi nt f s suppression of the Comnunist rebellion in order to restore peace within the county. Thus, not «nly will the enforcement of the consistent American policy in China be beneficial to the United States, but it will also fulfil 1 tiie wishes of tJie Chinese people, the paper ooisoludes, -- END. — 1 9 0 -- Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No, 52 July 31,1947. 1 2 3 心 5 JAPANESE PEACE TREATY The Siianghai Ta Kung Pa© points out today that the pending preliminary meeting for the discussion of peace treaty with Japan gives China a rare opportunity to demand justice for herself and prevent further foreign aggression. China, the paper says, has very few common interests with either the Soviet Union, Great Britain or even the United States, in her relationship with japan. Being somewhat 'isolated', she stiould. make her own interests clear and keep the veto power intact, - Ta Kung Pao urges. Concluding,the paper suggests, that China, long the victim of Japan's militarism, should be the site of future meetings for concluding the peace treaty with Japan. -- END. 本 本 * * * 氺 * • 氺 * ネ 本 * * * * * THIRTY-TWO DEATH CHARGES Communist 1-uth.iessness is once again revealed in a secret order recently captured on the Central Shantung front, in which the rebel leader, Mao Tze-tung, orders persons on the following 3S categories be pat to death. 1.Anti-Soviet Union elements. 2. Pro-Chiang elements. 3. Persons who are not friendly to the Conmunist Party, or who refuse to accept Communist directives. 4. Anti-Communist elements. 5. Deserters from the Communist Party. 6. Persons who oppose the Comoiunist Party. 7. Persons who betray the secrets of the Communists. 8. Persons who do not maintain relations with the Communists. 9. Those who do nt>t report enemy activities known to them. to 10. Those who refuse/take part in Communist activities. 11.Organizers of Kuomintang activities. 12. Kuomintang special service raen. — 1 9 1 — 13. Members of tte Kuomintaxig» 14. Persons who organize public or private bodies for the Kuomintang* 15. Those who heve received higher than primary school education in Kuomintang areas 16. Officers and military personnel in the nationalist Army 17. Those who have served in the Nationalist Government in non-salaiied. positions. 18. Reporters and correspondents { presumably on Kuomintang newspapers) 19. Other newspaper employees {also presumably on Kuomintang papers.) 20^ Staff members of business firms< Those who hold responsible postions in factories. 22* All wiio have rendsi-ed military service under the the Nationalist &ovefnment ̂ 23. Those who held offices in the Manoha regime 4 24. Persons in grotesque clothes. 25. Soldiers who go insane. 26. Persons aged above 70. 27. Possessors of large fortunes. 28. Big business. Big 29./ipney lenders 30. Creditors seeking payment on tiieir loans. 31 Those who conduct themselves improperly 22. Those who harbor improper ideas, HALF OF YENAIm POPULATION RSTTJRNS About half ot tine civilian population of Yenan have returned, sinfce Government troops captured it four and a half montlis fego, a Central Daily News correspondent now visiting the ex-Ked "capital^reported in his dispatch yesterday. On the morning of March 19 when the Goverruient troops entered Yenan, dot a single civil!ail was found inside tile city.宏he same night } however j some 50 persons camb ba6iu A steady t trickle was soon onder way. Beginning May 1,people began to return in larger numbers. By late June there were already 7,327 persons in tbe city and 19,928 in the whole district of Yenan. Most of these people went in hiding because the Communists had told them that they would all be killed by the G o v e m n t troops if they should stay behind,. When tiiey learned that everything in Ysnan was peaceful and quiet under Government rule, they decided to come home. -- END. - 1 9 3 USE 01 FOREIGN DEPOSITS OF CHINSCj； CITIZENS Although the Chinese Government has attempted to make use of deposits held by Chinese citizens in foreign countries, it has met with practical difficulties, that have thus far frustrated its efforts, the Shun Pao's Nanking correspondent reported on July 28. Quoting knowledgeable quarters, the correspondent put tiie total amount of such deposits in the United States at US^ 350,000,000 instead of US^ 500,000,000, estimated by foreigners. These same quarters com..xented on the problems as follows: During tiie war, the lvlir, is try of Finance formulated the Measures for Compulsory borrowing of I'oreign Exchange and Assets of Chinese Citizens, and, tiiroagh. tne Ministry of Foreign Affairs, asked for the cooperation oi' the United States and British governments in this matter. They refused to comply with the request on the grounds tiiat bank depositors in the two countries were never required to dec丄are their riationalities, and that it was the responsioility of the banks to keep secret .a..ies of depositors and amounts of tiieir deposits- As such deposits wsre unfrozen after tne end of the war, tiie problem D3ca,ne more difficult. In February tiiis year, when the Economic Emergency Measures were promulgated, the Chinese Government a^ain consulted the U. S. and British governments about the problem. However, they restated in their replies that they ‘ " could not reveal the names of bank depositors. A1though the American government in 1941 made investigat- ions about foreigners • deposits and assets in the United. States for the purpose of freezing them, it never disclosed tiie information collected. N°w that deposits have been unfrozen, cthe Chinese Goverr-iient cen no longer make afo . of the results of the investigations. Consequently, the Chinese Government can only ask its people to report voluntarily tiieir foreign deposits to tiia Government in accordance with the Measures for the Registration and Report of Foreign Exciiange and Assets ^f Chinese °itizsxis. United States Dollar* ゼonds issued by the Government can be bought with U . S , dollar deposits. It has been also suggested that special assistance should bo rendered in the purchase of maciiinery in tJie United States vdtii U. 3, dollar deposits. Thus, Chinese citizans nave be on encouraged to\use , their foreign deposits in tiie promotion of national reconet v j?u- tion.. In the Economic ^oform Program recently passed by the National Economic Commission,, it is stipulated that "foreign ,ノ holdings of Chinese citizens shall be reported and registered for proper use vd thin a specified time.” - - 1 9 4 一 一 The above-mentioned facts show tiie Government's ..rforts to use the deposits held by Chinese citizens in foreign countries. Whether the Government will succeed depends partly on the patriotism of the Chinese nationals concerned and partly on the cooperation of friendly nations. — END. A G 15 N C T? F R A N C S - P a ^ S S l ； N0T1 TO — ALL — SUBSGilIBiiriS Having failed in our repeated attempts at securing from our Shanghai clients subscription rates corresponding to the prevalent wage scale and other costs, we regret to announce that wc have been instructed hy our Paris Head Office today to suspend publication of cur Chinese and English langusgo news bulletins as from tomorrow, August 1. Whilo temporarily closing our nows distribution department here, wr wish to ttank all our subscribers for thsir valuable patronage in tho past and sincerely hope thoy will again extend it to us in the future as soon as publication of our news service on a non-deficit basis becomes possible, AGEFCT? FRANC®-PRESS® Shanghai Office July 3 1 , 1 9 4 7 T h e S h a n g h a i N e vr s 1 e t t e Vol IV., No. 6 A u g . 1 , 1 9 4 7 Dear Friends, Highlightins last week's events was the story of the Fu Chung and Yanstze Development Corporations. The Central Daily Novrs in Nanlring reported, and was auotQd by United Press' world-Kido sorvice that U333?4,49^,792, Sr 87^ of tho total U S啓 3 3 3 , 5幼， 5 0 1 . 9 0 roloasod to businossmon bot- woon March 4.1946, and' Fobruary 1,1947, vras sold to Fu Cnung ana iTangtzio Dovolopnont. • Tho nublio was astonished at this frank rovolation of tho long-rumourod^ favouritism toward tho Soong and Kung foiiiilios. This was soon roplacod by anothor bombshell. .Tho vory noxt day aftnr tho firet putlication of tho abovo, tho Ranking Oontral Dally Nows proclaimod.it Iin.d mado grave orror ”ー tho decimal poini,^ hr.d boon miBTDlacod. It w a s n H US^334 million, but USi3 二 1 1 1 ， . . _ thct led off" tho figuro of foroign ox.chango roloasoa at tho oiticin•丄 rato to tho tvro favored conoorns. / . In other words, those- two concorns, although, long rccuaod by tho t)i-css as fr.vorod business and buroaucr.-tic capital of tho v/orst tyoo, had moroly rccoivod .87^ of tho tot•っ‘丄 foreign cxch^.ngo gr-ntcd,, not Tho public _ puzzlod. Coul Fu Chung and Yr,ngtzo bo branded "f-vorod —firros" if thoy hr.d indood pl-/od bo sm-.ll c. rolo in China's import businoe-s? H-d tho public wrongod thorn by ca山丄:mg them f-.vorod firms? accordin^ to woll-Informed sourcos tho figures of fo- roign cxchてn‘ obt-Inod. by Fu Chvn S -nd Y，.n S tz。wor。ラot tho ro- oult of coiで二ono'3. iavosti^.bion but woro provided uo tio L^.^lctry of F i m n o o bで tho two cdマ;oフrations thcaisolvorj. dooiig う-fy^S hr-vo LCO'I toaoos of I-”..mto? cf マin。.nc。G.K.Yul, Ho wouldn t sot tou雄 wi.光 but r.ccpt^d th^ir own roporta r,s corroct, x^ ユ+s bolicvoa that tho -mount of foreign oxcri^ngo GRANTED GO .,U Chung nnd— xr^s co.nsiこor Vbly 1-rgor th-in tho now allugod 二na へd— vortisod ,87豸•+ T hp-t is tho ror.son for Commissioner Wanp; Kuorr-wu 1 3 at^tomont. Ho,へ moinbor of tlio Control Yurji, was "ニsigned to in— voc tirs-i b tho Fu Gb.uns Y ^ s t z o corporations. To thu n ， n o 3飞ia:イho nisnificrmco of tais invootisr.tion i-J grortor ta-n I oxpoci bd.," Fu Ghuns -nd Y-ngtao one。 -gr.in boc-ino tho target of violent r.tレ.cko is tho vgrk of tho GG cliquo: to discrodit Soong 。nd Kuro; - time whon tho Wodomoyor IIlesion is .studying ono Chin- ficono. Tho GG enjapnisn びハin S t Soong -nd ^un S is cooraina- t o a with tho furious prolionts m.ndo to Wodonoyor by Ajncricrai buoinoss in chinn, ros^rding tho spocir.l privilogoa onjoyc-d by f^rorod firmo. Tho Winking Contrc.1 D^.ily I-Iovrs is no doubt a GG cliquo orft-n. It was thc ono which first publichod tho Fu Chung-Y^stzo oxpoooo. Tho report fully d^rriod.tho noxt dr.y by tho Shun P^.o, anctbor GG mouttoioco. .And whon Chung r^d Yr.ngtzo protoat^tion. Dbovrod thoy rocoivod only .87^, tho Shun P.た。odioorl-aiy p-ortod thn't tho Control 3へnic of Chiriぺ mnko public coinplato list」 of rll firna rjnounts of foreign oicchanso soevrod by c-cH, prc- cum^bly convlncod that this mr.nouvcr will cornor tho Soong nnd Iぶng. coyplo. (moro* The Shanghai Newsle tter •2' A u g . 1 , 1 9 4 7 The CC clique f powerful politiclly, has lo&g felt its econc- m? c impo^nce. That is why -- strange as this may 3しund it hr.s n'.atier̂ d'ly attscked "bureacratic c a p i t a l . T n e t.丄ique oppuaes 'm;reaucr.t:.c csp ital as long P.S it is in tie ontrol of o bhr^ "Dv.reaxjcrr is • Alread^r the CC clique has teen successful in elbowing out Soong and Kung fron dominant economic pos j.tions. The Farmers B し nk, for instance, and the treasuries .in Nan king gad in provin- cic..l capitals, nov "h,.ve te cor 4 s tie bureau era c CB It al of tiie CO c L n q ae. Thus, even if Kung and Soong are elbowed cut of their roosts in Ciir.na' k econoirij, it will benefit no one except t'nc CO cliaue, wLicii.with its aaite anti-fcreignism protably will "be even worse a taskmaster。 TtEE POL ICE ¥R CAS There was a shooting match "between tie gendarmeries and the • local police recently. The cla^i ocoi red when a gendarn.erie of- fX cer was irritated by the refusal of a pclice onstal丄e t'ニ obey hip orders. Th? unarmed pclirsraen were rutrdessly firsd irocn "by tn-s geudarmes uvA more than ten policemen and Y/ere kiiled dnr irg the massacre. Greatly humil乂 ted, the police staged a strike on the next d 取 . H i is was tie first strike after issuance of the general -mo^ili7,s ticn order by Nanking. Trufeloads of pclicsmen p i.aded thro u:-h tTTrr-snre.efce to ハpT^eal tr tha pepul- tjxp ̂ or _ BU.^^T- Xe.-f r^Ts-ctT-nouDoiag gendarmerie brutality were distr:.outea oy tne poi: ce ^ Uo mere than :wo months age these policemen brutally squ-shed the etMf'snt deTncn^rations。 Now they themselTes employ student taotioB r Wlierrever arm«d forces are maintained a gal:t tb^ ^ ^ ^ ^ not Vy .!か pen pie — su<n c, ses as this are “ t 0 gr功 f m w s n c y . There ras complete disrega- - ^ perty ( the Golden Cas tie theater was co；上ヤ上or p—口o•し f o .ご c-i f?-ian 1 i ves \ p e-ve ral pe de sc ric ns me -3 c-nened fire into fine crowd.) And tli held "bv t'h3 man uho yells ail the tim^ to private property X u よし •いノ‘ ...、 , letely ranBi；.okact) and c kj-ll3ci. when gei-ds- stcrri boxy はレ丄 txe ""bandit 1 ' menace t. rrt^ • ； O F " T H E rxie iuu^i. ^arty has petitioned V. nee to > T -Manking. The p rty as sure t is nov; truly democratic. Examj；. p.art in "multi-party" government. THE YOUTH PARTY Th Yo th "P 正 y e r f r immedate ssis- rrussian-American tlnat • Ycutla Party takes Ice Cream and Bread Rolls? At Wedemeyer's advice Hazelwr»rd turers , , nd Bakerite , bread factoryレ... Nanking tc improve e.rmy fcod nufacturev ；ream manufac- iksod 'by All this Purchase will effect, we'll wager,i s fill kit一 Chens of go-vernnE nt officials witia more i«e CJ eam rnd bread. End CNRRA AIR TOANSPORT — PUBLIC RELATIONS Telephone 34200. Ext. 109. Shanghai General Release 010847 Nanking The conservatism "that sits at polished desks 'and in legislative halls at Washington" is one of the greatest foreseeable hazards to the development of Afiierican air power, Ma j • Gen. C. L. Chennault (retired) said in a short address recorded for broadcast today (Friday, August 1)over XMAG， the A^orican Armed Forces radio station at Nanking, in observance of Anierican Air Force Day. "It is the penny- wise and pound-foolish conservatism of politi- cians that would rather spend hasty billions in wartime to catch up . than invest millions in peacetime to keep abreast of technical ad vane ef 11 the former chief of the Flying Tigers declared. "It is the conservatism of those charged with planning our prepared- ness vrho once saw aircraft only as a xaeans of reconnaissance and observat ion and not as a superlative weapon, "It is the conservatism which once grunted "ImpossibleI» at the iaea of a machine-gun synchronized to fire through the arc of a propeller blade. "It is the conservatism that saw us into the Second World War with the P-40 as our only ready challenge to the Zero and the Me^serschmitt. "It is the conservatism that prepares for the possibility of the next war vdth the weapons and the tactics of the last. "Its other names might be traditionalism and inertia. The first of these is a synonym for backwardness and the second is a fancy word for laziness. Neither should be allowed to characterize any aspect of our national defense. "The United States can ill afford any lag between technical developments in the air and their practical application to our national defense. And we can much less afford to ignore these developments, as v;e have tended to do several times in the past. "There nas a time when v;e could dawdle and quibble and postpone. That time is fast running out. The American system of free enterprise which has always made possible the greatest advances in every field is now yielding a rich return in air potential* Let us not waste it." The genera丄し‘；speech was recorded at Shanghai by radio station X0RA under an arrangement by John Townsend Fitch， program director of XMAG, who went to Shanghai for that purpose, —0 -- (MCRE) CNRRA AIR TRANSPORT ——PUBLIC RELATIONS Telephone 34200. Ext.109 Shanghai General Release 010847-A (Advance for publication after 3 juni” Shanghai time，Friday, August 1.) (Editors and correspondents ： The full text of General Chennault's Air Force Day speech follows, for your information or publication if desired. After 3 P.m” Shanghai Time, Fridaj。August 1.) Nanking First add Chennault Air Force day speech X X X for that purpose• The follov/ing is the full text of General Chennault is address ： "エ wish first to thank XMAG, the American Armed Forces radio station at Nanking, for the invitation to address you briefly on the occasion of Ajnerican Air Force Day, "It is a day on which to recall ivith pride the past achievements of the newest arm of our national defense but it is also an appropriate time to consider its responsibility for the future protection of our national life. "I believe it to be so fundamental as to be beyond argunent that the airpower of the United States must be so maintained and so developed that it will be a constant and tangible insurance that American principles shall not only survive but prevail in this narrowing world of ours. "This エ call life insurance in the broadest possible sense - insurance of world peace and the American way of life. "I do not want to deliver a fancy speech,エ want to speak in the plainest possible terms and point out to you, as fellow Americans and fellow soldiers, one of the greatest foreseeable hazards to the develop- nent of our air power• It is foreseeable becausc it has always been with us and may still be with us. "Yet it is a danger not readily detected in its specific forms 4 It is a danger that sold on makes the headlines and never gets into the communiques. It is a danger that may never be concretely revealed to the public at large until it is too late* !i I have seen this danger many times in the pafet and I still have no adequate and at the same time polite nanc for it # The nicest thing I could call it now would be official conservatism. "I hasten to add that this is not the conservatism of our aeronatical desi-giers, engineers and technicia.ns # It is not conservatisn at the drav/ing board or in the wind tunnel or at the test block or in the skies. No, that is not our problem or our danger. "It ic rather the conscrvatisn that sits at polished desks and in legislative halls at Washington. (1KKE) CKPRA AIR TRANSPORT — PUBLIC RELATIONS Telephone 34200. Ext. 109. (Advance for publication after 3 p.n., Sht,n:;hai tixic, Friday, August 1.) Nanking Socond add Ch。nnault Axr Force day spccch (text) (010847'-A) X X X at Washington. "It ic the ponny-t'dse and pound-foolish conservatisn of politicians that would rather sp9nd hasty billions in wartiae to catch up than invest nillions in peacetime to keep abreast of technical r.dvnnces. "It is the conservatism of those charged Vvdth planning our preparedness who once saw aircraft only as a neans of reconnaissance and observation and not as a superlative weapon. "It is the conservatism which once grunted "IapossiblcJ" at the idea of a machine-gun synchronized to fire through the arc of a propeller blade. «It is the conscrvatisn that sr.w us into the Second World War with the p-40 as our only ready challenge to the Zero and the Messcrschnitt. "It is the conservatisn that prepares for the possibility of the next war with the weapons and the tactics of the last. "Its other nanos ni^ht be traditdonalisn and inertia. The first of these is a synonyn for b.ackwardncss and the sccond is a fancy word for laziness. Neither should be .allowed to characterize any aspcct of our national defense. "ihe United States can ill afford any las between technical developments in the air and their practical application to our national defense. And we can nuch less afford to irnore these developncnts as we have tended to do several times in the past. "There v:as a tine when vce could dawdle and quibble and postpone. That tine is fast runnins out. The Ancrican systea of free enterprise which has always nade possible the greatest advances in every field is now yielding a rich return in air potential. Let us not waste it. "That is the solcan but hopeful thought エ would leave with you on American Air Force Day." Government Informatioo Office Daily Bulletin No. 53 August 1 , 1 9 4 7 . Urge Support OT Food Program 2. UNRRA Proposal 3. Army Food Supply Ensured (NOTE: Edit.oria] or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that tlie Ciiinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therein.) 本本本本本氺氺氺氺本本本)((本本本_本本本本水 URGE SUPPORT OF FOOD PROGRAM The Nanking Central Daily News today, editorializ- ing on the National~?ood. Conference adjourned yesterday, urges complete support of tiie Government ’a program to secure sufficient food supplies for the army through, taxation in kind and compulsory borrowing of" f>oo<ista|ifs. The most pressing problem .ooafuonting t-he Govern- ment now is now to hasten tne suppression of the Oomrauiiist rebels and save the people from their suffering, the paper says. If the people want to live a peaceful lifie, they must fully support the Government. Collection of taxes in kind and compulsory borrowing of foodstuffs by the Government serve a dual purpose — t o ensure food supplies to the armed forces and help stabilize food prices, says the paper. -- END. * * 幸 * * * * * * 本 氺 * > M c UNRRA PROPOSAL The Shanghai ^hun Pao today urges the Government not to consider the UNRRA proposal of shipping relief supplies to CaaEiurxist—control!ed. areas in TSlarth China* The UNRRA China office announced yesterday siiipaants of relief supplies to Government or Communist-cantrailed areas in N'dctii Ciiina have been suspended because the • Government cannot protect supplies transported there. In pxinciple, the paper says, we agree that UNRRA should bring relief supplies to the ChinasG people, in Government and Cmmuru-st--.controlled areas alike, without; discrimination. However, tie question is whether these supplies can actually reach tiie suffering people. In the rebel-, areas, the paper states, the people cannot even keep their own clothing or other daily necessities. Therefore, actually, UMIRA. supplies transported Uo；these areas serve no other purpose tjaan to supply the ConEiunist rebels. N 0 w that the Government has decided to quell ； the Communists by force, it cannot permit such shipments. - - 1 9 6 一一 UNRRA is different from ordijaary ciiarity organiza- tions, the paper points out„ It is charged with the responsibility of stabilizing social and economic conditions in the postwar world, and it mast, therefore, pay special attention to the practical situations within the war- scarred countries. It has accompli shied. ； far less in China than in other countries, because UKRRA workers do not understand thoroaghly China t s internal situation， and they' have not cooperated, harmoniously with, the Chinese Government END. jjc ^̂ •'Jc J|C ARMY FOOD SUPPLY ENSURED By C* W . Chien Staff Writer ^he National Food Conference, which adjourned yesterday after meeting for four, days in Nanking, has approved a Government program to ensure adequate food supplies for the National Army through equitable pro- curement of foodstuffs. Chang Chun, President of the Executive Yuan, introduced the Government program to the Conference, which was attended by governors, chairmen of provincial provisional councils and directorじ of land tax depatrments of all provinces. The Premier set the goal of 80,000,000 picols of foodstuffs to be collected from July, 1947, to June ( A picul equals 113.23 lbs.) Half of these foodstuffs will be secured tiirough land tax in kind and the other half through, compulsory food loans, which will be repaid through deductions in land tax in kind prorated over a period of five years, and beginning July, 1952. It is estimated during this fir st year of the program, in addition to food allotments for government employees and school teachers, the army alone will need from 40,500,000 to 45,000,000 piculs of foodstuffs. Delegates to the conference from faming provinces expressed fears that their people might be over-burdaned. They said that some harvests are so poor that food supplies can just meet local requirements. As a result of these reports, the Program was . modified, so th - 'at_ in provinces where no surplus food is available for exporta- tion, money of comparable value may be paid instead of foodstuffs. Other delegates to the Conference suggested simplification of procedures in the collection of food. Caseswere cited in which for every picul of rice collected by the Government, farmers lost twice or even three times that much due to inefficiency or maLpractices by food collectors. Members of the Control Yuan, in a memoranduia to the conference, pointed out that in recent years, - - 1 9 7 一一 tii ere has been increasing concentration of land ownersiiip in rural districts, which is contrary to the land policy of the Government. After hearing the complaints, Yu Fei-peng, Minister of Food, promised that he would do his best to correct these undesirable developments in* the countryside. Chairmen of provincial provisional councils were requested to submit any case of abases in food administration to the Ministry for prompt redress. Big and influential landlords, wno seek to withhold their shar^f oodst offs, will be severely dealt with by law. 、 The policy of levying the 丄and tax in kind and compulsory borrowing and purchasing of foodstuffs was first adopted by China in 1941 as an expedient and until the end of the war an average of 60,000,000 picals of food- staffs were thus collected annually without which the final victory could not have been wola. During the war, of every picul of food collected, 20 per cent went to the Central Government； 30 per cent, to provincial governments, and the rest was retained by the hsien governments for local demands. Because of the present argent need for food； the approved Program calls for the total amount of food collected to be put at ths disposal of the Central Government. The 80 per cent of food hitherto assigned to hsien and provincial governments will be paid for in cash by tiie Central Government and the hsien and provincial governments in turn will use these fnnds to buy food locally for allotment to civil servants and school" teachers. -- END, - - 1 9 8 一一 . SVrmghai Eranch 205 Hamilton House, Kiangse. Foochovj Roads Telephone 11〕99 DAILY NEフ丨S F.T1,LETra Np>..619 (EVENING EDITION) August 2 . 1 % 7 HIGH n. s. wHEAT ACREAGE GOAL SET FOR WASHINGTON, Aug.1(TJSIS) — Thc hiひ l T .S, wheat acreage of 75,000,000 planted acres (30,352,500 hectares)トas been set as tv>e national production goal for the Department of Agriculture announced today. The Department stated that the bigh acreage is desirable because the need for exports to meet vorld food shortages continues urgent. The rye and potato aceeage goals for 194.8 also vere announced. l.heat acreage, tレe fourth largest ド.S.汁eat farmers have ever planted, would produce about 1,070,000,000 bushels (377,068,000 hectoliters) if the average yield approximates t>>e 1937-41 average of 1A.3 bushels per acre (I.24.4. cubic meters per hectare). If, however, the yield should approximate t>ie 194.2-4.6 average of 16.3 bushels per acre (1.4.18 cubic meters per hectare), production Fould be . about 1,221,000,000 bushels (4-30,280,̂ 00 トectoliters) • • The 194-8 goal is about t^e same as the 1947 indicated acreage, excluding volunteer wheat, but is eight per cent larger than tVi.e prewar 1937-4.1 average. The rye goal is 2,300,000 acres, ト is 34-7,000 acres larger, than the acreage indicated for harvest this year. I'ith average yields, rye production would bo about 27,000,000 bushels more than t、is year 1 s indicated production. The Department said the 194-8 acreage goal would permit some rye exports, and that the quantity probably will be small in viev; of the better supply position of other grains, , The total potato goal for 19ん8 is 2,370,000 acres, uith a suggested commer- cial acreage of 1,512,000. Commercial acreage is defined as tv̂ at on farms having tトree acres or more of potatoes. The conmercial goal for next year is t^e same as the 194-7 commercial goal. Yield from the total potato acreage would be appro- ximately 375,000,000 bushels. F. S. FATS 遞 OILS PRODUCTION SK0US INCREASE WASHINGTON, hug.1(l T SIS) — F.s. factory production of fats and oils from domestic meterials ras about ten per cent larger in the first half of 1947 tトan ' a year earlier, the Agriculture Department announced tonight. • said The Department's outlook report/that r.S. imports of fats, oils, and oilseeds nill be larger, in 1947 than in 194-6, when 966,000,000 pounds were imported. For tve. first five months of 194-7, 698,000,000 pounds were imported, The main in- creases were in copra and tung oil, so Inaicative of how ^mcrica is directing its agricultural econony/as to help relieve the world shortage of fats andoils, the agriculture Department reported that the TT.S. planted acreage of oil-btaring crops this season is 300,000 acres, compared with 36,200,000 acres in 194-6. The oil equivalent of the 194.7 oilseed ‘ crops, ausxming average yield, is forecast at 17 per cent more than in 1946. TT. S. export allocations for the current quarter (July-Septeriber) have been announced at 153,000,000 pounds of fats and oils. This includes 4-3,000,000 pounds for the T J . S . - T T . K . occupied zone in Germany and for the U.S. foreign' relief program. Comrnercial .export allocations for the current quarter (July-Septerher) include: 35,000,000 pounds of lard, 3,000,000 pounds (fat content) of margarine; ^6,000,000 pounds of shortening and edible oils,- 15,000,000 pounds of inedible fats and oils; and 11,000,000 pounds (fat content) of soap. The report said that export policy for the fourth quarter of the current year has not been determined. tT. S. Information Service » 9 « August 2,194? WEDEMEYER SPENDS BTTSY DAY IN PEIPING .PEIPING, -ug. 2 (ITSIS) — Lieutenant General Albert C. Wedemeyer this morninF f a l d ^ orm ：- 1 calls upon General Li Tsung-jen, >,ead of the Generalissimo's headquar-te /fJ°l fc ；? P e iP i n 6 General Sun Lien-chung, provincial chairman and c^ief oi the Paoting Pacification Bureau; and Mayor Ho Ssu-ynan of Peiping. Jn the afternoon, he received visits from the Rev. Earle Ballou, >,ead of the American Board Mission; Dr. William Molph, acting president of Yenching TTNIVER： • J t 1 Y 、 C デ？ p r e s i d e n t o f T s i n gト似 diversity; Dr. Hu Shih, president of Peiping National University; and from three members of the Social Democratic Party In addition, throughout the day, there were brief conferences vdth American personnel at the consulate, the members of General Wedemeyer's mission enpaging in individual discussions of specialized subjects in which those members are.servin し ^ c h was informal. In the evening, the mission attended a buffet supper at the consulate at which a number of Chinese officials, American and other foreign residents and members of the diplomatic comimity were present. After supper there ras a resumption of mission discussion. ' INDONESIA TO ATTEND TRADE CONPERENCE IN CTTEii WASHINGTON， Aug.1(USIS) — The Indonesian question came up in the UN Economic and Social Council, when India made a successful fight to have t^e Xndonesi- Government invited to attend the international trade conference at Havana on November 21. The Indian proposal, supported by Latin American and Arab delepates yas approved six to four. ' Add to Sheet U (Marshall Reports etc.): Operations to-date： As of June 30,1947, approximately 咜夂, 3 5. 8 ， 000 ，00 0 , a t 0 r l g i n a l c o s t o f surplus property had been declared in the Pacific-China area. Of tM:; anount, l T Sv3,599,000,000, or 83 per cent, has bsen disposed of. Realization to the United S t a t e s amounts to ITG^9,000,000, representing a return of 21 per cent on tbe oriei cost of property sold. 6 Approyimately TJS|750,000,009, at original cost, of surplus property remained cn hand ana available for disposal as of June 30. Approximately ns$350,000 000 consists of moritiine property and equipment, most of which is located in the Philippine area. Fixed installations vritトan original cost of ns$7?,000,000 are also included in this unsold inventory. Future operationsi Present indications are that approximately US$550,000,000 T/orth of surplus property will b^declared to 0FLC after July 1,1%7. Most of this prouerty,トow- ever, will already have been committed for sale to the Chinese and Philippine Goyernraents tinder their bulk sale agreements. The main sales problem 协icト will confront 0FLC in future will be in con- nect^n with the disposal of maritime property and equipment, most of vjhich U in t b £ Philippines. Concerted efforts will be made during the next six months to disuse effectively of all maritime equipment and property, It is anticipated that maritime disposal operations in China can be substantially‘completed within 60 days. A continuing problem for 0FLC will be that of effecting deliveries and trans-f e r s o f a 1 1 surplus property being acquired by China, the Philippines, • ,‘ and K ?f® a ， d e r ， e i r respective sales agreements. It appears that at least 15 months will elapse before all deliveries can be completed. U, S. Information Service - - August 2, SECURITY COUNCIL CALLS ON DUTCH, INDONESIAS TO STOP FIGHTING H SUCCESS, Aug.1(USIS) — The Tfeited Nations Security Council tonight called upon the armed forces of the Netherlands and the Republic of Indonesia to cease hostilities forthwith. It also called upon them to settle tVieir dis- putes by arbitration or by other peaceful cieans and to keep the Security Council informed about the progress -of the settlement. The action was taken on a U.S. proposal,甘ith a Polish amendment. These operational parts of the resolution were adopted in the course of three separate but identical votes of eight to zero, vrith I^elgium, France and the United Kingdom abstaining each time. The Netherlands Government told the Security Council that it Tas ready to accept the resolution which "invites" the Dutch and Indonesians to cease hostilities immediate丄y, but would object to such an order from t^e Council, Dr. EelcaN. van Kief fens, Dutch ambassador in Washington, made the annotmcement to the delegates after conferring vifh Tfce Hague by trans-Atlantic telephone. He did not elaborate on his points. • 0 n t h e Preamble — in which the Security Council noted "with concern the hostilities in progress"beteeer. the opposing armed forces — there were four abstentions. The Soviet Union joined Belgium, France and the United Kingdom in abstaining. But the preamble was approved with the required seven nffirmative votes. Sone delegations includinc that of the United States ~ announced that they were reserving their positions on the competence of the Security Council in the matter， since the question of the sovereignty of the Indonesian Republic was not settled. ； A clause, originally suggested by France, that the Security Council snecificaf s t a t e l n t h e resolution that it ras not in any v;ay deciding the juridical ques- concerning its competence in the matter, failed to get the seven votes require f c r a PPrcval. On that clause, there were only five affirmative votes — by BelHui trazil, France, the United Kingdom and the United States -- and six abstentions. A Soviet amendment, saying that； the nrned forces of bot^ sides should be withdrawn immediately tc the positions they occupied before the beginning of mili- operations, also failed of approval. Only Poland and the Soviet Union voted in the affirmative, and the other nine members abstained. Council President Paris el Khouri of Syria announced that the Secretariat ごô lし be instructed to notify the Netherlands Government and. the Republic of Indonesia immediately of the Council's action on the Indonesia matter. Sovift delegate Andrei A. Gronyko explained t^at he favored t^e resolution in general, but he called it "weak and insufficient." ” The Council Trill neet again on Mend,ay tc resume discussion of the Balkan (END OF EVENING SERVICE) CHINESE PRESS REVIEST * * * American Consulate General, Shanghai, China August 2 1242 EDITORIAL CCMffiNT Military Situation in Shant-ung Chung Yang Jih Pao (爾 Organ) • Shanghai Ausrast 2,19ム7 By now all the Commnnist bandits in Shantung Province have been forced to shift frequently from one place to another. However, we camot yet say that they nill soon be forced to cross the Yellow Pdver and to enter Hopei Province and that, therefore, the Government troops can afford to relax their vigilance # This is because as soon as they abandon Shantung, the contacts between the Communist bandits in China Proper and those in the Northeast m i l be cut off. Moreover, if the bandits cross the River and leave their .home, they will immediately disintegrate. In a word, today the Gomrmmist bandits in Shantung are faced mth the ；.danger of amiihilation, and the total collapse of the Communist bandits in China Proper "All also take place soon. If only the Government troops can avail themselves of the opportunity and if they do not in the least relax their efforts, they will be able to bring the campaign to a successful con- clusion, thus delivering the people from fire and uater # (Sminary) Ho Ping Jih Pao (KLIT Array Organ), Shanghai August 2 t 1947 - 一 During the past fe\i rreeks, in the fighting in both the plains and xhe mountainous regions in Shantting, although the bandit troops have offered exfcremely stubborn resistance to the Government troops^ yet they have been unable to escape the tragic fate of a total collapse. Today, all the bandit troops in Shantung Province have been reduced to mere roving bands, and they are unable to re-establish their base in the mountainous regions in central Shantung, However, they will not lightly give up the seaports in East Shantmg through which they supply their forces in North China. Eventually, they nill doubtless make an attemot to re-establish their base in Shantung peninsula and the Tengchow-Penglai mountainous rogion, so that they can continue to keep in contact rrith Port Arthur and Dairen. Since the Government troops have -vron e. major victory at Linchu, which is one of the most glorious victories von since the beginning of the bandit-suppres- sion campaign- they Trill -undoubtedly be able to complete their task # We earnestly hope that the Government troops uill exterminate the remnants of the bandits in East Shantung and that they iTill then turn north to Hopei Province, so as to cut off the bandits 1 corridor on the coast, thus com- pleting their strategic position in North China, It is with great zeal that we are looking forward to a second and a third big victory like the one iron at Linchu. (Summary) * * * Bandit-suppression Situation Vletred from Big Victory at Linchu * * 芬 The Decision to Re-open Trade with Japan Is a Wrong One Shang^ Pao (G .0. Commercial Orgaji) Shanghai August 2.19厶7 Since the re-opening of trade T/ith JapaAj and commercial circles throughout the country, which is opposed by industrial v/as approved "by the Central Political Council day before yesterday and by the State Council yesterday, it has now become an unchangeable fact # Hov/ever, speaking from the stand- point of industrial and commercial circles, i?e feei that In deciding to re-open trade v/ith Japan at this time, the Government has not given the matter a sufficient amount of careful consideration. We wish to call attention to the fact that Japan 1 s plan for trade with China, which she has used as a trial balloon, aims at getting more than US$55,000,000 fron China in the form of a favorable balance of trade uith China during the three and a half months ending December 31,194.7, Now that the Government has decidod to re-open trade with Japan, it is possible that the investigation group v/ill be leaving China for Japan in half a month ! s time # After that^ those business men viho： i7ant to get rich quick through speculation, r/ill imdoubtedly go to Japan to make purchases. In less than a month Japanese goods will begin arriving in this country and irill be put on the market for sale. They m i l undoubtedly deal a heavy blot; to Chinese products. Some people have said that the re-opening of trade uith Japan uas first proposed by General MacArthur and then carefully studied by the various Allied nations, so that it has imdoubtedly become a common action on the part of all the Allied nations T/hich uagod uar against Japan. With this statement ue certainly cannot agree. We are fmdamentally opposed to the decision reached by the Far Eastern Commission, and t;e feel that this de- cision is not binding upon China^ Furthermore, ve are a nation that occu- pies an unfavorable position in international trade and cannot compare with Britain or the United ^tates # If you do not believe it, wait and see the ovil consequences v;hich will arise after trade v/ith Japan is re-opened. 3h conclusion, we wish to say that in deciding to re-open trade with Japan, the Government has made a grave mistake. (Smimaxy) * * * A Wise Decision Made ~ The timely re-opening of trade TTith Japan is designed to alleviate the crisis facing Chinese products Ho Ping Jlh Pao (KMT Array Organ). Shanghai August 2,19厶7 Although there has been a ̂ ide divergency of opinion regarding the question of re-opening of trade with Japan, yet the State Council has de- cided to approve it. From this it can be seen that, the Government is far- sighted, that it has refused to be influence by the views of a small niTni- ber of people, and that it has been able to see the real Interests of the people• This is really a wise decision made. The Chinese industrialists ought to support this policy and unite in trying to emerge victorious from trade 'v7ith Japan. (Summary) Re-opening of Trade with Japan Shun Pao (KMT-supervised• C-C- Organ), Shanghai A職st 2.19A7 The re-opening of trade with Japan was approved by the State Council at its meeting yesterday. There are two important things to which we should pay close attention and which we should study:、丄）What types of goods we should export to ajnd import fron Japan? (2) Who should make up the pro- jected investigation group to Japan? We feel that only those materials nhich we do not produce ourselves or which we produce in very small quantities should be imported. As to exports, we should export only those articles of which there is a surplus or which Tie do not need ourselves. As to the personnel of the investigation group, xie feel that thoy had better be selected by the Chinese industrialists thcnsclvcs. Many people are worried that as soon as trade tdth Japan is re-opened, there m i l be a steady influx of Japanese goods into China. However,ソat the present tips.when imports and exports are strictly controlled, it seens• to us that such worry is Uncalled for. Hovrever, snuggling of foreign goods is nou raapant, and Hongkong, a transhipment port, is a serious obstacle to effective control of trade. It is Earnestly hoped that after trade with Japan is rs—opened, the authorities vxi3.1 take even nore drastic measures, so that the limited Inports fron Japan will not become unliiaited and un- official re-opening of trade between the trx>- countries. (Summary) Whither the British Labor Party Sin IJen Pao (Kf.CT-supervised T C.C. Organ). Shanghai August 2.19A7 . . . . ' • � . � The Marshall plan can almost be said to be something that v;ill make possible the contiaued existence of Great Britain. In. an. effort to make possible the carrying out of this plan, Britain has gone so far as to discontinue the inglo書Soviet trade tal!cs« However, it is still hard to tell just how helpful this plan will be to Britain and y/hen it can be implemented. The Labor Party is not quite sure that Britain will be able to tide over the coming winter. This grave situation has deepened the internal dissension within the Labor Party. The leftist elements of the Party feel(l)that it is not worthwhile for Britain to pay too high a price for U.S. aid, (2) that Bri- tain should obtain foodstuffs from the Soviet authorities ~by barter, so that she should adopt a policy of being equally friendly to the Ifoited States and Soviet Russia, and (>) that Britain should drastically reduce the number of British troops stationed abroad, so as to cut dovm expenditures and to increase the amount of manpower available. The fact that Prime Minister Attlee has suddenly announced, his determination to reduce the number of troop， can be regarded as a victory for the Opposition. Jii our judgment, whether or not Britain 钌ill change hinges on the Unr^ed States. If the members of the U.S. Congress cannot have a larger vision and continue to lay too much emphasis upon immediate advantages, so that they refuse to extend a large amount of aid to Britain, we are afraid that there will eventually be a day when Britain will qtiit the Western bloc. (Sxanmary) •..•二， . * * U.S, Dollars, Maiipo沸r and Britain Ta K-ung Pao (Independent. Political Science GrouoJ_- Shangliai August 2.19ん 7 Two months have elapsed since the British Labor Party's innual Con- ference closed, and the Laborite Gcrvernnent is now faced vrlth another eco- nomic crisis. What the British lack now is U*S. dollars and manppvier. Because she lacks U.S. dollars, Britain has been unable to import foodstuffs and industrial, raw materials, and because s h e lacks maiipOurer, “ she has been enable to increase her industrial production. The Marshall plan xyilX, 011 the one,hand, alleviate Britain's economic difficulties and, on the other hand, make it possible for the United States to escape any unfavorable effect which Britain's economic crisis may have on her. Ths plan for economic aid to Europe will probably be completed before the next summer, and we believe it will not be too difficult for Britain to tide over the brief period between now and then. The British Government has now drawn up a. plan for economic recovery. It has placed before the British people all the fundamental causes for the present economic difficiolties, so that they may knou in what direction they should strive from nov on* At the same time, the Labor Party f s so- cialistic reforms are being positively carried out. While the road ahead of the British is Indeed difficult, yet their future is a bright one # (Summaiy) - 、 * * * Other editorials not translated: Tung Nan Jih Pao, Shanghai 一 Cheng Yien Pao,-Shanghai -- Chicn Sien Jih Pao, Shanghai — Lih Pao, Shanghai — Yi Shih Pao, Shanghai -- Chin Yung Jih Pao, Shanghai — Chung Hwa Shih Pao, Shanghai — * 并 poltt ica l 匪 s Dated Aumxst 2.19厶7 HOTT to Suppress the Practice of Beating lp People The Main Problem of the Bandit- Suppression Gajnpaign On the Reported Plan of Issuing Neu Currency Notes Let Us Interpellate the Waichiaopu Authorities National Unity Should Be Achieved Without Killing The Results of the National Food • Conference On the Fu Chiang Corporation and the longtze Development Corporation Cases f Governor of Liaopei and Government Department Heads Tender Resignation en Bloc Sin Wen Pao (KMT•台upervised. C.C t Organ) t Shanghai A職st 2,19 厶7 Muikden, August 1 Governor Liu Han-tting of Liaopei Province and various heads of provincial government departments tendered their resignation en bloc because of manifold difficulties confronting their task. President Chiang Kai-shek wired them asking them to remain on their postsン Governor Liu and the other officials are scheduled to return to Szeping on August 2 # * * * Gen. Li Chiang-Jen Returns to Peiping Ta Kimg Pao (Independent t Political Science Group)、Shanghai August 2.19ん7 Peiping, August 1-^講Gen # Li Chung-jen, Director of the Generalissimo 1 s Peiping Headquarters, together vd.th Wu Ghi-̂ jei and Hsu Chi-ming, nGuly appoint- ed Deputy Director and G hief-of-Staff respectively, arrived here from Nanking by plane this noon. He told the reporters at the airfield that the reports on the possible reshuffle in the personnel of the military and administrative set up in the North and on the separation of the pacification and bandit-suppres- sion set-up are unreliable € Wang Hung-shao, former Chief-of-Staff of the Headquartors, resigned from his post in order to take part in the election as a candidate Gxr Lê klatlve Yuan memberships HG naturally cannot take up the post of Deputy Director of the Headquarters, Gen. Li. revealed that the Central authorities arc greatly concerned about the situation prevailing in the North and he expected that the Government forces there will be reinforced. The report that the Ministry of National Defense v;ill set up another command in Peiping and a bandit-suppression head- quarters of the Hopei-Chahar-Jehol-Suijraan area is also groundless• The re- port on the sY/ap of Governor Hwang Hsu-chu of Ktmngsi and Governor Li Pin-sien of Anhuei is absolutely untrue, Gen. Li said. Says W^demsyer Intends to Visit Kalgan and Dalren Sin Wen Pao CKMT-supervised v C,C, Organ)，Shanghai AuCTSt 19ん7 Peiping, August 1——Gen. Li Chung-jen disclosed to reporters that Gen. Wedemeyer had expressed wish to visit Kalgan and Dairen. * * * Mayor of Dalren to Present Reference Materials to Wedemeyer Re Dairen Shun Pao ^KMT-su^ervisedC.C. Organ), Shanghai August 2,1947 Peiping, August 1—Ktu^ Hsueh-sui, Mayor of Dairen, will return to Mukden on August 2. He will present reference materials to Gen. Wedemeyer re Dalren when the latter arrives in Ilukden. * * Wedemeyer to Hake Inspection Tour to Fushun Sin Wen Pao しKMT-supervised, C.C. Organ), Shanghai Augi^t 2,1947 Mukden f August 1 — G e n . Wedemeyer will come to this city on August 4 or 5 and will make an inspection tour to Fushun. . 1 \ * Wedemeyer to Visit Hankow on August 18 Chunそ lang Jill Pao (KMT Organ), Shanghai August 2}lS^+7 Hankow, August 1 According to a Nanking dispatch received here today Gen. Wsdemeyor, U.S. Special Envoy to China, and hj.s suite will come to this city on August 18 for a fact-finding trip and also for gathering data on industrial and business conditions here. Upon being informed of this news, local industrial and commercial circles expressed their hearty wel- come to the U.S. Special Envoy and will call a meeting of all quarters concerned shortly to discuss measures for collecting reference materials for him. * * Situation in Sinkiang Becomes Stable . i ‘ Tun^ Nan Jih Pao _(KMT Southeast China Organ), Shanghai August 2,194.7 Lanchow, August 1-According to a Tihsra dispatch, the situation in Sinkiang has gradually become stable. There is no indication that the Ining inhabitants will take any action. The Tulufan and Shanshan in- cidents have already been settled. 、 - • v . • ‘ The San Min Ghu Yi Youth Corps led by A Sha, Secretary-General of the Sinkiang Provincial Government, is now organizing a large tourist group which will make a sightseeing trip to China Proper so as to enable the Sinkiang people, especially the youths, to have a proper understanding of the actual conditions prevailing in the country and to arouse their patriotic feeling. The group members totalling over 200 will include youths of various tribss. * * * - 6 - Time Limit Set IsJ^LZao_(jbigc£,endent, August 2,19A7 for Publication of Licensed NerrspapGrs and Periodicals Political Science Groim^ Shanghai 1 か デ ^^)-—The Social Affairs Bureau yesterday announced that many f° ca i ? e r ^ o d l c a l s » u P o n receipt of their licenses issued by the Ibnist-.- of S f 肚切，“？ら procrastinated the time of their publication thus violates =provxBxons of the Publication — • Henceforth, strict observance^ ； J ® , e n f o r c e d . All ner/spapers which, after receiot of their licenses for thre- months, still fail to issue their first numbers, 巧11 have their publication licenses cancelled, vhile the timo limit for license expiration of periodicals i-s set at 6 nonths. It is further learned that the local nosquito Daper "Chiane P a o« has been ordered to suspend publication 坆 the Social Affairs Bureau in = ニ L10=品 ニ 膽 1 1 p u b l i s h e d i t s f i r s t i s 細 f 離 繩 彻 * * ！!IL3TARI 励7S Inlitary Bases in Fukien and Ghekiang Closed to Foreign Tourists P a ° (Klg-superv^ed. C.C. Or.ザd . Shanghai Foochô；, Augitst 1—According to a notification issued by the Chuch加 racifxcation Headquarters, foreigners are prohibited from making sight-s ? e i n S t o u r s ^ t h e folloT/ing military bases in Pulcien and Chekiang pro- MaEoi! he n a V a l b a S G S 0 f C h o w s h a n » Hsangshan, Wenchow, Santuau, Amoj and The air bases of Foochow and Hangchow. ？ 11 ® 1 ' t r o u ^ e areas are also closcd to foreign tourists during tho period of operations conducted by the Pacification Headquarters. -x- * -If- E&-ONOMIC I丽S Equipment of Industrial and Mining plants Not in Operation in the North to Be Moved to South (aideoend^t. Political ScAonr.̂ . Grouql. Shojighai J^ust ん，19A7 Peiptog, July 30—According to an order of the Ministry of Economic Received here, the equipment of productive Giafeerorises in North China ^nd the Nortneast chiefly th吐 cf the coal and iron mines 池ich are not • C J ' S n n ^ r C -.° e S o U t h ' ^ i s 1 縦 n e d 协ボ removal has .^plamied for a long time. The competent authorities are not; drawing up detailed measures for the removal of the equipment. •5- -K- "w - 7 - Statistics on China's Exports and Imports for First 5 Efcnths of 194.7 Roloasod by Customs Ta Kung Pao (independent. Political Scioncc Group)• Shanghai (Local News) According to the statistics made public by the Statis- tics Section of the Chinese I.laritiae Customs yesterday, China's exports and imports for the first five months of 194-7 were valued at CN$90l,397,24.3,000 and GN^l,839,4-18,730,000 respectively, with an import excess of CN$938,- 021,487,000. The United States supplied 55 percent of China's imports. * * * 顧S. OF GPLTUKS & EDUC^TIOM Peiping & Tientsin Sub-Freshmen Appeal for Continuation of Government-Subsidy Ta Kung Pao (Independent. Political Science Group), Shanghai August 2.19L7 Peiping, August 1(Hwa Lien News Agency)---The Peiping & Tientsin National University Sub-Kreshmen. Win-the-Government-Subsidy Federation, T?ith a vieロ to appealing to the Ministry of Education to continue the govemment-subsidy system for universities, issued a ,,M anifesto to the Public" pointing out the reasons riĥ government-subsidy cannot be cancelled noTT，and stressed the following three points： (1)That the state educational budget oaimot be further reduced. (2) That the scholarship system cannot solve the actual difficulties of the majority of poor students and elite youths. (3) That as long as the civil war continues, the governraerrfc-subsidy system should continue too. The said Federation has for the last few days been soliciting opinions from professors of various universities and issued bulletins emphasizing that their demand for the continuance of the govormiGnt-subsidy system was not aimed at acquiring subsidy for the sub-fi-oshnten only, * * MISGELLAI^OUS NE57S I^S. Task Force 71 to Arrive In Tsingtao from Japan Sin Won Pao (KTIF-supervised. C.G. Organ). Shanghai August 2,1917 Tsingtao, August 1 — T h e naval craft of the U.S. West Pacific Fleet stationed in Tsingtao conduct exercises off the coast of Tsingtao every Friday to make ready for participation in the future big naval maneuver in the Far East. It is further learned that the U.S. Task Force 71 is scheduled to leave Yokostika, Japan, for Tsingtao on August 3. * * - E N D - UNITED STATES INF0R?1ATI0N SERVICE Shanghai Lranch 205 Hamilton House, Kiangse, Foochow Roads Telephone Nc^ 11199 DAILY 脈JS PTILLBTIN No. 620 (MORNING EDITION) August し19ム7 RYTTKYTJS f PEOPLE SHOW SOCIAL-POLITICAL PROGRESSION, MCARTHTJR REPORTS WASHINGTON, Aug. L (USIS) — Faced with the maj'or problems of land re- clamation, resettlement and industrial reconstruction, the 833^000 people of the Ryukyu Islands are displying social and political awareness, General of the Arny Douglas MacArthur reported in his March-April summary. The report i?ras released here by the War Department with simultaneous release in Tokyo and Manila. Excerpts from the summary follow: Cultivated acreages on the islands had increased to a point where the esti- mated domestic food production would fill about two-thirds of the food ration requirements during May, June and July t Although no political parties トad yet been formed, the Ryukyuans carried on discussions about self-government. Favorable prospects for the summer months ! indigenous food production developed as the arable lands were increased by more than 3,000 acres released from military occupation. In addition, dikes, seawalls and irrigation would reclaim 1,厶37 acres of arid sectors and tidal lands, according to engineers of the Ryukyus Rice Authority* Survey work on five land projects began in March• Okinawa hotuBing projects had produced 2,107 dwellings in March and 1,800 in April, as lumber production in the Ryukyus increased. In the Southern islands, production of lumber in April totaled 3,188,130 board feet, more than double the combined January-February output. The March lumber output in the Northern Ryukyus also exceeded the February output by about 20 per cent # The first Okinawan employer-government conference on labor v/as held on March 21 with more than 30 representatives from the military government and civil agencies attending. Revisions of employment and payment regulations for labor were discussed• Plans included the establishment of maximum-minimum wages and a system of registering skilled workers• Maximum prices for foods, ferry fares, vehicle parts, and fertilizer vjere established. T^e captains of nine Formosan ships confiscated for black-marketing were sentenced to prison terms of from one to nine months• The Okinawa police department paid particular attention to the fishing industry in its drive. against black-marketing and smugglings Police training courses progressed. Training programs for nurses went on. Fifty girls were selected for the first-year nursing course at three Okinawa hospitals. The civilian medical ware- house received excess medical supplies from the Army medical depot. Ten industrial high, schools were opened on Okinりw、, with night elasses in the regular high school buildings• The technical schools of Okinawa Gimto and tv̂ e Northern Ryukyus offered specialized training in agriculture, carpentry, forestry, and fishing, in addition to the regular high school ciirriculum. The needs of individual communities determined the types of training offered. Re-establishment of a Buddhist temple on Okinawa on March 12 was commemorated with appropriate ceremonies. RADIO ISOTOPES RESEARCH PROGRAM REVIEWED OAK RIDGE, TENNESSEE, Aug, 2 (USIS) The IT.S•‘ iitomic Energy Commission released an anniversary report tonight, summarizing the first year's work of UtS. scientists with radio-isotopes, an atomic energy by-product # (more) II. S. Information Service - 2 - August U 194.7 RADIO ISOTOPES RESEARCH PROGRAM REVIEWED (Cont'd) Onfc year ago today, the first sale of a beneficial radioactive isotope produced from the uranium chain-reacting pile of the Clinton Laboratories was celebrated here to mark the initial step in the development of peacetime appli- cations of atomic energy. Just four days short of one year from the day i?hen the U.S. M r Forces dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, U.S. scientists began their quiet work to demonstrate the constructive power of atomic energy. Here, 011 the site where scientists worked in the deepest secrecy during the war to develop the atomic bomb, they are now working with fellow-scientists throughout the country to give to civilization the secrets of atomic energy which could ni6aji greater hsalth and production 'than roan v>as ever knotTn, The U.S.,. Atoaic Energy Commission's summary of the first year of this tremendously potential work is factual and restrained. It reports experiments throughout the country with radio-isotopes, whose most important single contri- bution to mankind, the commission says, is as a research tool. The commission describes radio-isotopes as variations of the common ele- mepts with the same chemical properties as the stable elements, but exhibiting the property of radioactivity. It is that last v;ord which is the significant '一一 and understandable -- v;ord to the non-scientist, As the commission says, the tremendous advantage of radio-isotopes is that they are radioactive and their rad.5.oac"tivity can be detected. Thus, a minute quar. tity of one of these isotopes can be followed through complicated chemical re- actions, through the metabolic process in the body, through entire biological cycles or through other physical or chemical processes, and still be identified What this means is "the developraentr of th.e tracer tecViiiique. I*t means that researchers will be able to study many physical, chemical and biological phenomena which heretofore have remained unsolved. The Atomic Energy Commission evaluates raaxo-isotopes as at least equal to the microscope in opening new fields of scientific endeavor, Clinton Laboratories here at Oak Ridge are operated for the U.S. Govern- ment by the Monsanto Chemical Company. The first shipment of radio-isotopes produced at Clinton Laboratories exactly a year ago was made to the Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri, for fundamental research in the growth of tissue. Today, a year later,. Clinton Laboratories has made 1,G92 shipments of radioactive elements to acucKxtaiiG dnd industrial research .institu- tions throughout the continental United States and the Territory of Hawaii, Production of more than 100 varieties of radio-isotopes is continuing at an unprecedented rate today, the commission said. These are some of theuses to which they have been put: ^ The initial shipment to St. Louis was a unit of radioactive carbon 1A, and the research team working with it succeeded in tagging a cancer-producing agent, methylcholantトren&. With tViis tagged agent, they aî e gaining a new approach to the problem of cancer development. They emphasized,, however, that to make the most efficient use of. this new and powerful tool of'research has required the development of unique laboratory techniques and equipment. Thus, in a complex problem, such as cancer, their first year has largely been occupied in bringing the new "big guns" up to the frojit for attack. ズoi interesting use of radioactive tracerp is found in the work being done at the Tulane University school of medicine at New Orleans, Louisiana, Theye, .a scientist has been working rdth radioactive sodium to determine the causes and cure of edema in congestive )ieart failure. In a Los れngeles hospital,a doctor has been using radiophosp^oms to compare the circulation of normal hearts and thos-o afflicted with coronary occlusion. As a result, it has been demonstrated conclusively for the first time that the heart contains accessory channels which could take over when occlusion or clogging exists. The same doctor also has been doing considerable research 卩ith hypert^iyroid patients whose afflictions are too serious to make surgical treatment advisable. (more) II. S. Information Service - 2 - August U 194.7 RADIO ISOTOPES RESEARCH PROGRAM REVIEWED (ContM) A large monthly supply of radioactive phosphorus has been used at Washing- ton University r s school of medicine in St. Louis, for the treatment of patients with various types of chronic leukemia # At the same school of : medicine, radioactive iron is being used in the study -of anemia. New York City r s Memorial Hospital has undertaken an intensive research program employing radio-isotopes in the study and treatment of cancer; cancer of the thyroid has been vigorously attacked in this study. In the field of biological study, radio-isotopes have proven as important as in the study of medicine. In Hawaii, for ins trance, tracer radiocarbon 1ム has been used to study the production by plants of organic foods such as sugars and carbohydrates. 4 The National Institute of Health of the TT.S, Public Health Service has found that radiosulphur can be biologically incorporated into crystalline penicillin when penicillin is grown on media containing this substance• This Fill enable scientists-to determine much more about penicillin and why it is able to combat diseases. Ey using radioactive penicillin, the drug can be traced through the body # The institute also is using radio-isotopes to tag bacteria. Tuberculosis studies are already under way, and it is believed that many forms of bacteria can be tagged with radiopbosphorus and their means of entrance to the body and resulting action determined by the tracer technique. Radio-isotopes also are being used in industry for experiments in friction, for instance, V7hich may lead to important advances in the treatment and composi- tion of surfaces to reduce frictional wear in all types of machinery. Metallurgists also are finding many,uses for radioactive tracerj they are study- ing such diversified problems as the aging of ferrous materials by following t^e diffusion of carbon atoms, the t^ermonic activity of filaments, and the absorption of gases in metals* In agriculture, use of.radio-isotopes in research is expected to provide future dividends for the farmer • Rad i op>- o sph or us is being used to study t^e action of phosphate compounds in the soil, holding promise of improved fertili- zers. ixnother study is investigating the effects of small amounts of minerals, especially copper and cobalt, on the of pastures and on cattle grazing on those pastures t In the field of eritomolcgy, radioactive cobalt is being used to trace plant material consumed by insects; in other Fords, the feeding habits of insects upon plants are teing studied. Thus, information may be obtained to enable the farmer to, make more- efiective the control of insect pests. Radio-isotopes, particularly carbon 34 in the form cf carbcndioxide, are being used at various research centers to study pトotosyntトesis, a little under- stood but basic process carried on in green plants t These are but a few of the many studios and experiments with radio-isotopes v/hich the Atomic Energy Commission reports for the first year of the program. What all of them mean is summed up by Dr. Paul C, Aebersold.̂ cbief of the com- mission's isotope branch. He predicted even greater research results for 1%8 9 He said: ."Great achievements in tne fields of medicine, biology and industry already have been made,•but those are only infant steps in an entirely new field of en- deavor. We can expect to see not only great advances in medical science and the alleviation of sufiering and disease, but al?>o a more comfortable and abundant life through the application of this ner science to industry and agriculture • 11 (more) II. S. Information Service - 2 - August U 1 9 4 . 7 RADIO ISOTOPES RESEifflCH PROGRAM REVIEWED (Cont'd) •The Atomic Energy Gomndssion's first anniversary report contains many more details on the radio-isotopes program — the considerable research behind their production, the working out of the problems involved in transportation, the precautions taken to keep a check on the amount of radiation received by persons handling radioactive substances to prevent excessive exposure. The report also points out another great value of the Clinton Laboratories' radio-isotopes program: Before the chain-reacting pile was available, most artificially-produced radio-isotopes were made in cyclotrons and in limited quantities. But, for example, the estimated cost of cyclotron-produced C-14. of TTS$1,000,000 compares with the present price of TTS$50 for the same amount manu- factured in the pile. WEDEMEYER CONTINUES TALKS AT PEIPING; LEAVING FOR TIENTSIN PEIPING, Aug. k (USIS) — Lieutenant General Albert C. Wedemeyer held an extended conference with American official personnel lasting throughout yesterday morning.. ^ After lunching privately at the American Consulate, he received calls from H u L i n » editor of Ta Kung Paoj Professor Ch'ien Tuan-sheng, professor of oolitica一 science at Peita; Professor Yu Hsin-ch'ing, head of tv>e Planning Lureau of the Paoting Pacification Headquarters; Cardinal Tien, ranking Roman Catholic prelate of China, and Dr. Harold Loucks, representative of the China Medical Board, Inc. In the meantime, a large number of visitors desirous of presenting data of value to the mission were being interviewed at length, by advisors from the American group. In the late afternoon, General Wedemeyer attended services at the Presby- terian Mission. In the evening, he and the members of his mission were dinrer guests of General Li T R uiig-^n, at the Chung Nan Fai. This morning General Yfedemeyer and his mission will leave for Tientsin. Later in the T,eek, the journey will be continued to Mukden and Tsingtao, ending at Nanking torard the end of the week, ‘ VAN KLEFFENS SEES LOVETT WASHINGTON, ；,ug. 3 (USIS) — The Netherlands ambassador, Dr. Eelco N. van Kieffens, called on I T nder Secretary of State Robert A, Lovett yesterday and told the press that the Indonesian question had been discussed. He declined comment as to whether the Netherlands forces would witトトold further action in view of the U.S. offer of its "good offices丨丨 in the Indonesian conflict, stating that he was awaiting a message from his Government. He re- iterated that the Netherlands 'Wmly welcomed" the U.S. offer, noting that the acceptance was unconditional. Queried as to the relationship of the U.S. offer and the action of the TJN Security Council in calling for a cessation of hostilities "fort トritV, in Indonesia and a peaceful settlement of the dispute, van Kleffens said they were distinct but related and both would be "helpful toward a peaceful solution." • ASKS PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT IN INDONESIA LAKE SUCCESS, Aug. 3 (USIS) -- The UN Security Council's call "to cease hostilities forthwith" in Indonesia and to settle the dispute by arbitration or by other peaceful means was brought to the official attention of the Netherlands Government and the Indonesian Republic yesterday. (more) U. S. Information Service 5 - August 4,194-7 im ASKS PEACEFUL SETTIEMENT IN INDONESIA (Cont'd) The Council's action on the Indonesian situation came on Friday night on a U.S. proposal, briefly amending the original Australian resolution, together with a Polish amendment asking both parties to the dispute to keep the Security Council informed concerning progress of the settlement. Taken after only two days of debate, it was the swiftest affirmative decision reached by the Council in its history. The operational parts of the resolution were adopted in the course of three separate but identical votes of eight to zero, with Belgium, France and the United Kingdom abstaining, These three countries also abstained in the vote on the preamble -- in which the Security Council noted "witト concern the hosti- lities in progress" in Indonesia -- and v,ere Joined by the Soviet Union in this abstention on the grounds that it was "too weak." The wording of the preamble, however, received-the required seven affirmative votes. Throughout the voting, despite their objections, Great Britain and France did not invoke their right to veto as permanent Council members. The text of the resolution as finally adopted follows: "The Security Council, noting with concern the hostilities in progress betwee tVie- armed forces of the Netherlands and the Republic of Indonesia, calls upon the parties: (a) to cease hostilities forthwith, and (b) to settle their disputes by arbitration or by other peaceful means, and keep the Security Council informe, about the progress of the settlement." By adopting the American revision of the Australian resolution, the Council succeeded in preserving the essential parts of that resolution while avoiding an extended legalistic debate as to the Council's competence to handle tVe Indonesia! question and as to the Indonesia Republic's status as a sovereign state. As pointed out by TT.S. representative Herschel V. Johnson, "no matter vbat concept oi legality is involved, a shooting rar is going on and men are being killed, and that is a matter for the Security Council," A clause, originally suggested by France, that the Council specifically state in the resolution that it was not in any way deciding the juridical ques- tion concerning its competence in the matter, failed to get the required votes for approval. The resolution, as revised on the IJ.S. proposal and adopted by the Council)served the aim of baiting bloodshed, while leaving the Council free to consider other aspects of the question at a future time. The United States as well as other nations specified that they were reserving their position as to the Council's competence and Indonesian sovereignty, A Soviet-proposed amendment suggesting that the armed forces of both parties should be withdrawn immediately to the positions they occupied before the beginnin of military operations, also failed of approval. Only the Soviet Union and Poland voted affirmatively while the other nine members abstained. The U.S. represen- tative and the other Council members said they could not agree to tv.o Soviet pro- posal on practical grounds that they first need to know about tbe conditions in Indonesia.- They suggested that the Council could act later on this matter, if necessary. The Netherlands ambassador to the ITnited States announced to the Council t>>at his Government had accepted the TJ.S. offer of its "good offices" in the Indonesian differences. He said the Netherlands is ready to consult vrith the United States on the manner of putting these good offices to use. The Australian delegate, Colonel William Hodgson, read to the Council a message from the former Indonesian Republic Premier, Sutan Sjahrir, stating that Indonesia "will accept any impartial mediation and will abide by any decision of the Security Council." While keeping the Indonesian matter on the agenda, the Council is scheduled to take up the Ealkan question on Monday. The TJ.S. proposal for establishing a border commission was blocked on Tuesday by a Soviet veto, and this matter sub- sequently has been a subject for discussion by the Council members with their respective governments. In addition, Greece has submitted a formal charge that Albania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia have committed "acts of aggression" which merit enforcement action by the Council under the UN Charter. (more) U. S. Information Service 6 "> August 々 ,194.7 T7N ASKS FEACEFTIL SETTLEF̂ ENT IN INDONESIA (Cont'd) A TJ,s. delegation spokesman announced that tbe Hnited States is giving general support to the Greek position. Also awaiting Council action is a Soviet proposal blaming Greece for the Palkan disturbances, and calling for tbe withdrawal of foreign military aid from that country. INDONJiSIA INVITED TO HORLD ITO CONFERENCE LAKE SUCCESS, Aug. 3 (l T SIS) — The TJN Economic and Social Council has decided to send its own invitation to the Republic of Indonesia to participate in the worla conference on trade and employment scheduled to be held on November 21 in Havana, Cuba. In completing consideration on Friday of a report by the preparatory coia- mittee of the international trade conference currently meeting in Geneva, ECOSOC also added Pakistan to the list of non-member states which the committee had recommended be invited to the Havana conference. This was done on a proposal by India, which also initiated the action for inviting the Indonesian Republic, Others invited are Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Eire, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Rumania, Switzerland, Transjordan and Yemen. Invitations to Burma, Ceylon, Southern Rhodesia as well as to the Allied control authorities in Ger- many, Japan and Korea were also approved, The resolution inviting the Indonesian Republic states that the republic enjoys "autonomy in the conduct of its external commercial relations" and its participation would help promote the objectives of the Havana trade conference. The nations favoring the resolution were India, Chile, Cuba, the Lebanon, Peru and Venezuela. Those -opposed were France.，the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the TTnited States. The states abstaning were Byelorussia, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand, Norway, Turkey and the Soviet nnion, which has con- sistently abstained on ail matters in connection with the ITO preparatory com- mittee 朴icト recommended the Havana conference. The Soviet Union vfas invited but is not attending the current ITO committee meetings in Geneva. After some discussion, the Council voted eight to four, with six abstentions, that only TJN member states might vote at the Havana conference. The preparatory committee report トad recommended that all participating states be granted voting rights. This was supported by the JJtiited Kingdom, but the United States and Canada argued that a distinction should' be made between UN members and non-member states. ？腿SHALL SENDS MESSAGE TO ITALY ON TREATY RATIFICATION WASHINGTON, Aug. 3 (USIS) — Secretary of State Marshall, in a message delivered to Italian Foreign Minister Count Sforza concerning the Italian Constituent Assembly's ratification of t^e Italian peace treaty, renewed assurances that the Irntea States would give to the Italian Government "all possible assis- tance an<J support" in rebuilding and strengthening "a free and prosperous, democra- tic Italy.» The text of Marshall's message delivered by U.S. Ambassador James C. Dunn.in Rome on Friday, was made public here yesterday by the State Department, together with the text of the Italian reply, Marshall noted that certain treaty provisions were not in accord with the n.s. Government»s recommendations or wishes, end said that Italy will nov? be able to work for such revision of those provisions-as raay be required "within the framework of the United Nations, or through bilateral arrangements.with the nations concerned." The full text of Marshall's message follows: "The Italian people, through their Representatives, have given tトeir approval to the ratification of the Italian treaty of peace. By this step they have removed the last Fascist-created barrier between their country and the other sovereign peace-loving nations of the world. (more) ‘ ‘ U. S- Information Servrce 7 - August 19/t-/ MARSHALL SENDS MESSAGE TO ITALY ON TREATY RATIFICATION (Cont'd) "This action has been a necessary prerequisite to the return of the new Italy t 0 the cominrnity of free nations and to the full participation of the Italian people L equals and as leaders in the restoration of peace and the buxldn.ng of a bette? wo^ld. Certain of the provisions of the treaty are not in accord wxth Government's recommendations or vdtb our wishes. ,Within the fra^work the United Nations, or through bilateral arrangements with the nations con- f e r ned, Italy will now be able to work for such revision of those provisions as nay be required. "At this auspicious moment in the history of Italy, I should like to convey tvrough you to Premier de Gasperi the renewed assurance that the U.S. Government will fontinue in the future, as in the past, to ̂ ive to the Italxan Government all possible assistance and support in its undertakings and endeavors which look toward the rebuilding and the strengthening of a free and prosperous, democratic Italy - an Italy wMch must again be a support and an inspiration to democracy and freedom in Europe and throughout the world•“ " T h e full text of the Italian reply: "Speaking in behalf of not only the Government of the Republic, but of the whole Italian democracy, I thank you for yom- so cordial appreciation of the dolorous decision wMch the Constituent Assembly took yesterday (Thursday;. The S a S a n ^opie Slllearn with profo^d satisfaction that the Government of the United Stotes is convinced that Italy, >aving destroyed the last barrier t^at sedated her from the peaceful sovereign nations of the world, will be abl^ now in S e orbif of the United N^ions, or bilateral accords, to act towards the opportune revision of the treaty. "Grateful for the active American sympathy for the reconstruction and strengtl^eriing of the' free democratic Italy vrhich ^ desire for the peace and vapp?ne S S of Europe and of the world, I a,k you to believe me, smcerely yours, Sforza," (IM) OF MORNING SERVICE) Crovernment Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 54 August 2,1947. 1.Reopening Of Sino-Japanese Trade 2. Tokyo V/ar Crime TriBl 3. Control Of Japanese Trade Urged 4. Sino-Japanese frade (NOTE: Editorial or fe;. ture translations are for the informstion and reference of reader s of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate ttiat the Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed there in.) The Nanking Peace Dail^ today editorially approves tiia State Council's resolution to reopen private trade with Japan provided tiiat goods to be imported from Japan will not jeopardize China f s national economy. The Japanese Government has mapped oat a plan for Sin'o-Japanese trade during the next four and half montiis, the paper points out. According to this plan, China's imports during this period would exceed her exports by more than US$ 50,00C,000. China must have a counter-measare to this Japanese plan, which, if successfully implemented, would have serious economic consequences far China. In principle, the paper says, Ve would like to see ‘ essential commodities imported. Though private trade with Japan is to be re opened, bartering of goods between the Chinese Government and SCAP headquartErs will- OGn%i»ae. Commodities to be imported under this barter agreement will be mostly essential goods and not included in private trade with Japan. Thus, the Japanese hope to export luxury items to China. We mast, the paper says, clamp rigid controls on our import trade to forestall any danger to our national economy. The Cyainese Government should also try to boost production so we will have larga quantities of surpluses for export, the paper s^ge-ests, Itade with Japan will be transacted in American dollars, and if our exports to that country grow, our American foreign exchange will also increase. This would be benefitiial to the Btabiliz^ition of our - e c v o n o m y p a p e r concludes^ END. Ĵfc 外 i Ĉ ̂^ REOPENING OF SINO-JAPANESE T2ADE — 1 9 9 -- TOKYO WAR CRIME TRIAL The Shanghai Southeast Dail^; yesterday declared that the war criminals, whose trial is now』in the final stage in Tokyo, must be severely punished in compliance with the Potsdam Declaration. The Japanese war criminals^ said the paper, whose guilt equals that of the Germans tried at K'orenourg, must likewise bear responsibility for the war wiiich they initiated. The paper ads ed that -Japanese big financiers ̂ who supported the ambitious militarists, and extremist propagandists mast also share responsibility for the v:aご. The war criminals mu 't not be given tiie Opportunity to take advantage of conflicting views among the United Nations, and tiiwart justice. To successfully conclude tiie trial, the paper said, the United Stete3 and the U^SR must cooperate. -- END. 氺 氺 * * * * * * * * * * * 氺 STRICT CONTROL OF TRADE WITH ； J A P狐： URGED Following the resumption of Sino-Japanese trade, severe measures should be talc^ by the Government to prevent conditional r: -nportati on from developing into unlimited trade, urges a Shanghai bhun Pao editorial tod ay. We hold that‘ imports must be limited to those articles that are not produced in China, the paper seys. These goods can meet our . argent needs, but will not endanger the existence of 'oar own factories. * • ‘ « • ' � The paper opines that .nore industrial and commercial representatives should be included in tiie investigation party to Ja^ari, because thay know thair own business and will c.ertainly be able to fulfill their mission in the interests of our national industries* — E N D . .パ 本本本 *本本本氺氺氺 *幸 *淖氺氺水氺 * LEGISLATOR CHI EN KUAN-SAN，S VIEW OF THE. RESUMPTION OF SINO-JAPANESE TRADE The question is not whether the omo-Japanese trade should be resumed today or tomorrow, but whether the Chinas^ are prepared to compete with the Japanese in the world market, said Giiien Kuan—san member of the Legislative Yuan yesterday. - 1 9 1 — Mr. Chien. also pointed out what the Chinese sholi Id do instead of wrangling over postponing tiie resumption of Sino-Japanese trade to an opportune date. First, he said, the Chinese ought to protest strongly against the the A p r i l 1 9 , 1 9 1 7 resolution adopted by the Far Eastern Commission wiiich allows Japan to maintain her industry above prewar leve) ？f 1930-34 because this is a flagrant contradiction of the Allies' aim to check Japan from rising again as a threat to world peace. Second, Japanese activities in the South. Seas- Islands should be vigilantly Wf.tchea to prevent possible resurrection of Japanese imperialism, sin；.;a these Islai:.cis were the main market far Japanese commodity as in prewar clays • Third, China should endeavor to booct her own exports by modernizing s standardizゴ丄.g and lowering prices of her commodities. She also shouj/I strive to i.n.urease production of industrial goods in addition to the normal exports, such as bristle, soya bean, rtiiuie, hides t bung oil and iiarb medicines. Fourth, China should buckle down a；:,3 revivn her national economy with greater efrorts than, those of the Japanese, who have already evinced strong determination in this respects Fifth, ways and. means must bo sought without delay to meet the competition of tn'.a Japanese textile industry, in order to protect China'n own textile industry and. sericulture. " t has been reported that this year Japan may export an estimated £ 2铺jCOO,OGO worth, of cotton goods manufactured by less than half cf t'r. r i 3,300,00し spindles, glie now iiab.'Hei cotton goods export would certainly be even greater w^eu Japan pos-r^sses 6,000,000 spindles, allowed to her und^r a new SCAP blueprint. Sixth, the smuggling of J-apanese gc-ods throagh Hongkong and •"moy into Ohino shola Id be atriotly banned. Since no country•c^.n "se self-sufficient economically Sino-Japanese trsds will he?s to be resujiiscl sooner or later, Mr, Chi en said. At present when tiae peace treaty with Japan has not yet been concluded, there is still an opportuntiy for China to keep Jap-jnase <?oous from coming into this country with a qu^ta system, sい—1：after the conclusion of a peace treaty with Japan, if. ahixxa is still unable to compete wit;:x the Japanese In wotlA maricetG、 the oonsa-quences will be very serious, hy -.vtrned. .END. — 1 9 2 一 一 NEW IMPORT QUOTAS FIXED BY NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL In announcing the lowering of import quotas for tobacco, gasoline and wool, the National Economic Council July 31 estimated that this will save. |> US 7,370,000 during the next three months. Of じhis amount, $ 500,000 will be made available for importation of laboratory equipment and b®oks. Stressing the importance of developing the national industry, the Council increased the amount of foreign exchange for the purchase of industrial equipment fr.血 US| 1*600^000 to US$ 2,000,000 a month. These decisions v.'ere based on a proposal drafted by the Import Control Comtnittee concerning the revision of import -quotas for the third fiscal season* comprising August, September, and Octobet* Council xnembers Unanimoasly agreed that the importation oi 1 non-essential commodities should be reduced to a minimiilm.上he complete new quota list soon will be promulgated. Another important topic under discussion at the Council Session was collection of the new property t a x . . This compulsory property, tax is to be levied, at a progressive rate on all property valued at more than CNC驳 500,000,000. It was proposed that, tJie highest organ supervising collection of this tax should be composed of members of the Legislative Yuan, Control Yuan and representative organs of ""he people, together with social leaders arid financial expett“ Branch organs would be instituted in provinces and municipalities, with the governor-or tha mayor as the head of each. This proposal has been turned over to the Council's financial sub-committee for preliminary 、 examination. -- END. NATIONAL HIGHWAYS UNDER REPAIR ,エ m p” a n t national- highways, such as those between Wanking and Shanghai, Nanking and n a ngciiow, 5hangiiai Hangchow, Kansu and Chinghai and Chinghai and Smkiang are now either being improved or are under repair, a spokesman of the Ministry of Communications said, yesterday. ぶhe same spokesman also repealed that in the construction of a network of national highways, roads with potentially the h ^ i e s t traffic and of strategic importance to^ national defence would be given first " priority for construction. Mechanical equipments will be used on highwaysr more difficult to construct. . T h e Ministry at p-esent iias more than 1,200 sets of different machines used in highway, construction. Operators of these machines are now receiving their tjaをning in special classes conducted by the National Highway Administration. — END. 一 1 9 4 — UNITED STATES INFORflATION SERVICE SHANGHAI A Calendar of Cultural Activities in Shanghai for the Week of Aug. A -10,19A7 Weekend Boating A boat trip on the Whangpoo River トas been arranged by the Inter- national Culture & Society this Saturday, August 9 at 8 p.m. The cost will be approximately $30,000 CNC for each person. Those who interested, call ffr. K. T. Chien, Tel. 11330, Rm.15A Hamilton House before Friday, August 8. Guests are advised to come after dinner and assemble in front of the Bund Garden before 8:00 p.m. Exト iMtion Chow Wei-ming is holding an one-man exhibition from August 1 to 7 at the Ningpo Ass'n, Tibet and Nanking Road. Eesides Mr. Chow‘s own work, a collection of Sung, Yuan, Ming and Ching Dynasty art pieces will be displayed at the same time. Summer Concerts Record concerts are given every evening from 8:30 to 10:30 p.m. in tVie Jessfield Park by the Symposium Music Society. A special program given by well-known Shanghai musicians is featured on Saturday and Sunday evenings. Tickets can be purchased at the Park. The Municipal Philharmonic Orchestra Concerts are given every Saturday evening at the Canidrome, Rue Lafayette and Albert. Modern Drama Lyceum Theatre (Cardinal Mercier) - "The Scandalous Gossip," a four-act melodrama produced by the SVianghai Experimental Dramatic Club. This Week. Palace Theater (2^7 Pakhoi Road Tel. 92780) - "The Storm" a tragedy by Wan Chia-pao Motion Picture "The Chase," a light comedy starring a new actress, Huang Chung- ying of Peiping, is now showinc r.t Queen'sTheater, Foochow and Tibet Rd, Prepared by USIS Shanghai Branch Office (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for tiie information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETェ丄Such translations in no way indicate that the Chinese Government advocates or endorses the opinion expressed therin.) * * 氺 氺 * 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 氺 RUSSIANS DEFMSJI； OF OUTER MONGOLIA The ohangtiai Sin Wan Pao today takes Soviet Russia to task for instigating 0uter Mongolia to violate Chinese ter-ritcacy. Pointing out that for the sake of Far Eastern peace China signed the Sino—Soviet Treaty with great sacrifices, tiie paper says that never tii,3 less Soviet Russia has failed to abide by the stipulations of the pact whicii forbids her to interfere in Chinese internal affairs. , S o v i e t Hussia f s ingratitude was exposed ai the meeting of kじ，lifications Examination Committee of the* Security Council Cinna's Dr. Hsu Sha-hsi denounced. Outer Mongolia' as ， ineligible to become a member of the United Nations, says the paper. D r . ^ s u pointed out tiiat Outer Mongolian troops'! armed with,, modern equipment, staged repeated attacks on Chinese troops stationed at Peitashan, wiiich lies within Chinese tei>rit〇ry. Defending Outer Mongolia, the Soviet re present at ivp stated that O u f. e r Mongolian troops only drove tiie Chines- forces, back into Sinkiang alter the Chinese. violated ti"e frontier. •t is therefore indisputably clear t iia t 丸 ^ has provoked this O u ter Mongolian. Snvncji.on Into Chinese territory, hoping to create a new situation, in the Far East, the paper states. After hearing Dr. statement, most of 'the committee members were convinced that Peitashan is Ciiine3o territory, and that Outer Mongol!a, not China should be held responsible for the Peitashan -Incident.. - - Russia's Defense Of Outer Mongolia Emtch-Indonesian War foreign Aid For Chinese Economy Chinese Navy Kwangtong Awaiting Relief Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 55 August 4 , 1 9 4 7 . 1 2 3 4 5 — 2 0 4 — DUTCH-INIX) 1、1L 二”LAN WAR For the sake of world peaco and the safety Ox tne Chinese nationals in Indonesia, China earnestly h。 p =』 a t fighting will soon cease in the Dutch East Inaies, and DuS?h ^nd the エndcmesians m i l establish a rational relationship through peaceful means, consents the £eaco Dailj, today. The Dutcii-Indonesian war is a racial war, menacing peace in southeast Asia, the paper says. T h e r e f o r e , , the Security Council of the United Nations Organization has the right to interfere. The paper expresses tiie hope that the Dutch authorities will accept oiie Security Council's proposal to cease all Hostilities, and that the United States, Australia a M India m i l be able to bring about a p r o p ほ = = = 、 ； “ the dispute tiirough mediation. However 3 the paper whether the United Nations oan check ； 6 3 d of the Dutch-Indonesian fighting if the Dutch ^overnmai.t resolves U) dogmatically carry on the war, — END- 氺 氺 ギ 年 氺 不 不 * • 不 ギ 氺 氺 氺 * 氺 氺 氺 * :he FOREIGN AID FOR CHINESE SCONOMT Foreign investment and technical assistance wi丄丄 be of paramount value to China once she starts to impl，ent. tl Economic Reform frogram nsv,l 7 adopted by the State Oo'aiicil, said Lou Tune-sun, acting secretary-general of the Legislative Yuan, in an Interview with the Central Daily News yesterday. Hailirg the economic っlan as an epoch-making document whose importance is comparable to that of the Constitution, the noted economist stated tiiat he was In full agreement with those stimulations whicii call for favorable treatment to foreign capital and technical personnel assi^mg Camese industrialization. ”エf sufficient foreign aid in assured in the development of her economy," he said, "Oiiina can be expected to make substantial contributions tov.ard maintenance of world pesce. But if China's national industrialization is further decayed she will again oecome the victim of foreign esonomic ._ aggression, thereby creating further unre,st, in the T/vo — ld•” "Industrialization cannot be achisved, however, unless the lot of China's millions of farmers Is considerably im- proved. i'iie makers of the plan sholi Id be congratulatea for those provisions that will introdace drastic reforms in ths rural community. Tiiis pre-occupation with the welfare JT the farming populace is in conformity with the principles of r) r . DQH Yat-sen, founder of the Republic." Mr, -Loa said the Government Gould not take mo.?e effective means to absorb Chinese holdings in foreign countries tiian tiie plans provision for compulsory J declaration of such assもts to the Government, since Western laws tend to protect these deposits. — - — — ”More decisive measure's could be designed for ati.丄— zation of Chinese bank deposits in foreign countries," ho said, "but we h<.ve no way of knowing whetii^r these measai ss could be enforced. As it stands now, it seems the Gover-iment has served notice on those persons with asse.ts abroad that it will not hesitate to use tiaese holdings if conditions warrant such, action." . H e said that the success of the economic plan is predicated upon increased agricultural and industrial.‘ production cannot be stepped up, all other efforts will be of no avail, he warned. -一 END. 木 * * * * 氺 * ネ * * 氺 * 氺 * * 氺 氺 * * * * CHINESi NAVY HAS FOUR SQUADRONS Reorganized after Day, the Ghinese % v y now presses two coast-defense squadrons, one river-defense squardron, one transport squadron and ten gunboat flotillas, Admiral Kwei- Yung-ching, Commander-in•—Ch一3f of the Navy stated in a broadcast on July 31.'^he nav;r has a t o t a l ) f 7.2,000 men he said. Siianghai, Tsinftao, Tsoying, and ^alinkang are China's four naval bases, eac.!a with, its own headquarters, Admiral Kwei said. Since the strength o" the navy depends largely ca shin-building and maintenance Admi ral ^wei said, naval authorities have strenuously promoted construction of uock- yafds with aciec aate building and repairing facilities, "in addition, maintenance wearkshops have been erected at 11 pa.trol stations on the sea.-coast or along tne Yangtze River, including iaku, Keeliing, Whangpu, and Hankow. So far, hô ovft-r' only the Kiangnan dockyard near Shanghai and another yard at Tsingtao are capable of building small war vessels,‘ the Admiral added. The Admiral disclosed that the first and second, groups of Japanese warships allocated to China have arrived in Sh.angh.ai, and more ships will be forthcoming. He e&ti ^^ ttie total n u m b e r ， ， へ . 、 ' J ships al.ioted to China at more than 50. Being —p丄etely disarmed, the se vessels need to be completely re-^au^PP^^ ャ' 0 make them serviceable, Admirnl. Kwei poi nt,«d out. He further stated that part of the 271 auri ll.iary ships the United States last Jul.y promised to give to China under lend-lease, have arrived, and 90 went to th.e Chinese navy while others were turned over to the marlT.nm^ auatoms. The Chinese supreme naval command, he said, ts now preparing to receive ths remaining sh:,ps. -206— Tim Arlml-praT R̂ r'--a-Bed thfc> j.mpta'-fcnn ̂o- ^ eorvs^U j Aa*bO<】 training f«r naval personnel, saying that the Chinese Navy needs well-trained and we3 l-^lBht]?12nea jxieii, particularly in its formative stage* At present, he said, cadet training is centered at Tsingtao, while drews are trained at the CJaiuese Naval Training Center*•"一END KWANGTUNG AWAITING RELIEF As an aftermath of the re dent flooding of the EastJ t West, North, and Hail Rivers in KWangtang^ more than 4j000j001 persons are homeless and in urgent need if relief, the Nanki.np, Central Daily News repeated August li It is estimated that over 6，つ40，000 mnw nf farmland were inundated and tens 參f thousands of farm houses, plus countless animals, agricultural implements and seeds were l*st in the deluge, bringing the total loss t拳 $ 4 , 2 0 0 billion s According to the Kwangtung Flood Emergency Relief Committee, relief f’r a period of 15 days and repair •f bridges, railwoads and highways which were damaged by the flood, will require $230 billirp, Kwangt ung alone onnn^t undertake such a vast px-ogram of relief work, said Lin Yi-nhnug, Chairman of tiie Kwangt ung Provincial Couacil, wiio came to En n.kj rig r^o^n-hly to report to the Central Authorities, "Kwangtimg is not produoiug enough foodstuffs, particularly rice, for its own consumption," Hr 6 L1n said, "and in the past* mjr province had to rely largely on foreign rice, especially from Si am and エ nclo—China* At the present time, owing to the lack if transportation facilities and othor problems, only limited quantities of rice can be imported, "Under normal conditions, Kwangt ung oan produce a iib.vi.ぃ over -70,§00,too tan of rice («116 tan equals 107 = 24 lbs) while moR-b 9C,000,00^ tan are needed for l«oal consumption," Th へ Kwangt ung leader ascribed the cause the fl«od to excessive W n f a l l , and disrepair of the river dykes during tiie Jap^n^nA *へ'.〜ation. Mr. Lin expressed the hope that overseas Chinese as >»-i > compatriots at iioma wauld help the victims of tiie flood. He that the Q-overumftnt should alter the foreign exchange. pa.: j^y s o +•.。encourfige m«ii-o < vox-nrsn.̂ x'nini.t".hanô -S Ohi ua« - ".'̂ o が ？ - UNITED NATIONS INFORMATION CENTER 212 Embankment Building, Shanghai, Note to Editor： The current session of the U.N, Economic in Kevf York i» taking up various reports cem, ore of 油iph is that of UNESCO. PRESS RELEASE UNIC/PR 145 4 August 1947. and Social Council of world-wide con- UNESCO MAKES FIRST REPORT UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Or- ganization will be reporting for the first time to the Economic and Social Council at the current Council session, Concoived as a supplement to the peace keeping machinery of the United Nations, UNESCO works under a Constitution that embodies for the first time in an international official document the belief that peace "based exclusively upon the political end economic arrangements of governnents" would be inadequate since it could not "secure the unanimous, lasting and sincere support of the peoples of the world." It reasons that "the peace must therefore be founded, if it is not to fail, upon the intellect __ and moral solidarity of mankind." UNESCO emerged from its organizational stage in April this year when its executive board approved a 1947 program with three main projects. They are reported in the 62-page document being submitted to the Eoonoirdc and Social Council. First is the collection of contributions for the rehabilitation of educational, scientific and cultural life in the countries devastated by the war. The report estimates that $U8 million will have been contributed"to this 、 work by the end of the year 'that the amount will have been doubled by the end of June 1948. and . Money, fellowships, scientific equipment, exchanges among technical schools, and publications especially for the teacher are among the aids for 油ich UNESCO serves as the stimulus and clearing house. One booklet "The Tea- cher and the Post-War Child" was made possible by a gift from the Greek Govern- ment, vrtiich itself has dire need of the assistance rendered by UNESCO. UNESCO has purchased scientific apparatus with its own fuiids from war surpluses for struggling scientific schools and laboratories. Second of the three inajor undertakings is the program to liquidate the world's Srlliteracy. Over half tho world's population cannot read or write, and i s seeking to coordinate campaigns for a basic minimum education for all people and to aid in the teaching problenlDv serving as a clearing house for the exchange of information on successful techniques, materials and experts available for consultation. During 1947 it is hoped to launch three pilot projects in fundamental education in Haiti, China, and the Tanganyika and Nyasaland areas of British East Africa.れ group of experts was assembled by UNESCO in April of this year to develop the basic tems of reference. A regional conference on fundamental education will bo held in Nanking starting oupteniber 1st. A third major project closely related to UNESCO's objective of main- taining peace through understandingis its project on education for interna- tional understanding. This includes once again the familiar clearing house function on methods used in the primary, secondary and higher «ehools for de- veloping international understanding, A teachers' seminar on the subject is being held, in Paris this summer. (more) - 2 一 UNIC/PR 145 UNESCO ! s fellowship prograni ax so oudgets エ or exchange oi personnel ironi the formerly occupied countries so that they may be brought up to date on edu- cational, scientific and cultural development in other parts of the TOrid. Julian Huxley of Great Britain is the Director General of UNESCO. The Organization was enabled to get "underway pending the receipt of contributions from its 31 member states by a loan from the working capital fund of tho United Nations. An additional four nembors have been acproved for membership since the Constitution was signed and will be confirmed at the Second General Conference of UNESCO at Mexico City starting November 6th, Thirteen signatories to the Constitution have yet to deposit ratifications of thoir signatures, r ĥe member states are Austra- lia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, China, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic 5 Ecuador, Sgypt, France, Greece, Haiti, Holland, India, Lebanon, Litter— ria, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Union of South Africa, and Venezuela. States viiich have signed the Constitution but have not deposited instruments o.f acceptance are Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cufea, Balvador, Guatemala,丄ran, Iraq, Luxembourg, Ncaragua, ranama, Urugua, Yugoslavia^ And the states v/hich have applied for membership are Austria, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland• In addition to the feroad activities cited above, the UlfflSCO program includes specialized projects within its constituent fields of education, science and culture. In the educational field, for example, there is a project underway studying the tensions affecting International understanding• Four hundred and fifty social scientists have been asked for their comriients on a basic memorandinn prepared by the UNESCO staff• In another device to leaven the scientific level in areas remote frOi.;„ world centers of science and technology. UNESCO is opening Field Science Coope- ration Offices. It is expected that one -will be located in the Amazon area as TO suit of the conference in August among countries interested in this four million squqre miles of forested country• Offices are expected to be located in the Far East and hiadle fiast this year, and a fourth one is sdieduled for establishment in southern Asia in 194S. The compilation is already in progress of filrn catalogs on fundameir:.-1 education, international uriderstanding, painting and culture, libraries and museums, agricultur•ら tovjn arid country planning, health, medicine and surgery. Commissions on technical needs to survey the war damage incurred by press, radio and i、ilm enterprises will receive reports in a Paris meeting in August so that a composite statement may be presented to the Mexico conference and to the United Nations oubcoramittee on Freedom of Information. CNRRA AIR TRANSPORT - PUBLIC RELATIONS Telephone 31^00. Ext.109 General release 050847 SHANGHAI Maj. Gen. C.1. Chennault, whose American Air Force day speech was banned from broadcast at Nanking last Friday by U.S. Army authorities, was urged by telegrams, today (Tuesday, Aug. 5) to forward a rec6rd of it for broadcast over two radio stations in Louisiana, one in Texas "and possibly quite a few other stations." Former. Governor James A. Noe of Louisiana reported a spontaneous public demand to hear the General's own rords on the air. Mr. Noe owns two radio 'stations in Louisiana - MCE at New Orleans and KNCE at Monroe. Mr. Noe first asked for the original record and General Chennault replied that he understood that it had been destroyed. He offered to make another recording of the four-minute speech and send it to Louisiana by air if desired. -The latest telegpsun from Mr. Noe said: "Since my (first) crble to you and your cable #iich we read over the air we have had literally hundreds of people to ask that we have your Air Force day speech broadcast. Please send it to us as soon as possible. "We will carry it over T,T N0E and KNOW, also KNET in Texas and possibly quite a few other stations." Mr, Noe's first telegram, 300 words long, said that "we here in Louisiana are mighty proud of you...proud of .what you are trying to do now for our country in far away China. "We know you would rather be here in Louisiana, here at home. We would love to have you but vre know you know the condition things are in all over the world. "You are doing everything you can for the welfare of our great country and for your adopted great country, China...We here have great honor and respect for the Chinese and for the great fight that China has made for democracy. 、 "Yfe congratulate the Chinese people and their great leaders for the fight that they have made against unbelievable odds." The telegram added that Mr. Noe's two radio stations would be "honored and proud to broadciast your speech the recording that you made which General Lucas would not broadcast". 11 (The decision to suppress the Chennault address was made by Maj. Gen. John P. Lucas, commanding the U.S. Army Advisory Group, Nanking.) "Ihe people of louisi^na will be mighiy proud to hear your talk. We want to hear iwhat you have to say about the air force as you see it. feel that no one is in a better position or better qualified to make a talk about our air force." (End) False Rumors On Wedemeyer Mission Agaiofet Hsien Banks Quick Mediation In Indonesia Urged Central Ciiina To £ ill Own Cos! Needs (NOTE: Editorial or feature translations are for the information and reference of readers of the DAILY BULLETIN. Such translations in no way indicate that tiie Chinese Government advoc:tes or endorses the opinion expressed tnerein,) • 氺氺s j c *本 * * * *氺ホー.丰氺 *氺氺 *氺氺氺 * FALSE RUMORS ON WEDEMEYER MISSION Pointing out that General Wedemeyer's Mission is essentially f act.-f i ndi ne, th^ Central Daily i<cws_ today Wc..rns the people not to be deceived by rumors that Wedemeyer T s Mi Rsinn is to ”mediate the Kaomintang-ConDiunist Conflict," or that Wedemeyer' s coining only indicates "Anier.ica's intention to Jae lp fight the ' civil war'. These stories are spread by- some of the scheming elements to mislead, the people. General Marshall has already experienced the insinc ority of the Coinmnnists in a series of peace talks, says thf=> Centra] Dai丄y News. R^.nl i zing the impossibility of efX*oct,i.ve medj. atiTTn.j It is obvious the American Goveruxaent will notr have Wedej:いyer follow the same cause that proved of no avail during Mar si:.11's one year effort, % The Open Loor, calling for a free and independent Ciiina, has long be en, and still is, the basic prian pie on whicia the United States frames her policy tewards China. hsve witnessed, during and after 'the war, tihe American. Government，s careful avoidanco of int.HrJ?o.rerLce in China's internal affr-r'rs, the paper says. It is entirely gronnd]nr.a if'-An mo V^«' * o- r>r>mj rtrr 1 prli on*- Ati*"-- - " ~ ' » こ‘-、 the ' c'i vi 1.war 1 .--iliM'D. o say that ，竹 t、^^ i n. f i 本 * * * * * + • +屮水 * * * * * * * * * AGAINST HSIEN BANKS ‘ rphロ Aレへ；"c-h O 泠 W a r L -fao •jfTrvr'.t.i arvo.d uh.e ity of estVblxsning Jaci p.n. banks to strengthen the national monetary system as provided in the .ficononiir； Befci-m r> L . ogr am. prnpor.r>a by ^hang OJaun.,Pres.ident of the Executive Yuan. The p^r 0 - 1 -' stressed that a healthy national finance can best be resumed more throufr.h the stabilization of agricnlt.nral economy rfether than the establishment of the hsien banks whose estfeblishment would require a huge amount of currency, therebr only serving to increase inflation. Government Information Office Daily Bulletin No. 56 August 5 , 1 9 4 7 . • 寧書 • 1 2 3 4 — ' 2 0 8 — To enable the moneta./.y system to cope with the nation's economic requiremer.&s, the Government must help maintain and de—elop the no: .iiial business マ private bari.:s wiaicii are already in existenoe v the paper says. The Program provides for assistance to private banks in their normal businesses whenever and wherever possible. To effectively iiapleicent it j tiie paper says, tiie national banks must fully cooperate with the private banks * -- END. 氺 本 * 氺 氺 水 氺 氺 、 ： わ * 氺 氺 氺 * 氺 氺 TUICK MEDIATェOil IK ェNDONESIil URGED The Silanahai Sin Wan Pao to day welcomes the Dug on cease fire in Indonesia， bat the paper waras that delay in mediating tiie Dutcia-Indonesian conflict will.only make settleirent more difficult. Tardiness of action was partly responsible for the failure of the defunct League of Nations, The conflict- between the Datch and the Indonesians has been prolonged, and if the Security Council does not take prompt actior to settle it all-out, war may break out at any moment. In the past, the paper says, the League of Nations and even the United Nations no aid not f alf.ill their f ori.s due to divergencies of opinion among the member nation;.. f Now both the Dutch and Indonesian must be forced to accept the Goancilts mediation by mited econoxr: o and military pressure. .' ： Then, the Diitan-Indonp'sian problem can be easily settled. Concluding, the paper opines that tne エndonesiian Republic should defray the losses suffered by overseas Cninese there. During the Dwbch—エndonesian fighting, Indoue- s ian troops looted m d burned Ohinese proporhy -rthnnovox th.fiy rotreated. 一 一 END« * * * * * 本ネ ̂ r- * * ^h ふ年本ネ r̂* ̂r* CSKTRAT, OHTNA TO FTT.T, n\W COAT. "MKRDS Central China (Kiangsu, Anhwei, bhekiang, Kiangsi, Hup eh. and Hunan provinces) will fill its own primary qoo 1. demands under a program approved by the Coal Conference wiiictL a d j o u r n e d August 3 after meeting for three days Nanking. Qjaen Chi-tien, Minister of Economic Affairs, wtio presided over the conference^ proposed the program end Jie was promised full Support by ttose 5£ delegates who represented pr5vate coal mine operators. - — 2 w 9 — . Q O , . T h ® f u p p i y o f ^ ^ from Noi-hh Gh].—が and the Nort: - east has befen Sharply curtailed due to the Oommmist rebellion. If the present rate of consimotion and supply ° f c o a l remains unchanged, the Minister estimated that there will be nation-wide shortage of 6^000.000 tons of coal by the end of this year“ • h 〜 。 \ 9 4 6 ' ^ a l m i n e s i n Central China produced 1,950,000 i + E f f 0 r t s h a v ( b e e n m a d e t 0 ^ o s t the output ’ and 1,260,000 tons ware.produced in the first six montHs 〇f this year, ab»ut a one-fourth increase over that of 「ame i n C e n t r a l t C h i n a '她 S t i 1 1 n 0 t _ u 幼 to meet local cle-mands Under tiie approved program, coal production in Cer:七ral しnina would be increased to 270,000 tons monthly for the second half .of this year ard 390,000 tons for tJae first naif of nezt- year. At present, Central 〔hina T s essential coal renuirementq average 32,0,000 tons a month used as follows: S , ShaラgMi needs 30,000 tons to ran its factories ミ 20,_ ミ00 tons for shipping; and 40,000 trns s for public Government offices, National troops and Allied troops in and around Siianghai are alio ted 9,000 tons a month I addition, SJaangJasi supplies 33,000 tons to , several other seaports, cheifly in South Chinau The Nanking-^hanfehai and SbRnghai-Ranechow Rai 1 v w s use E4,00G tons ； the 丄ieirts.; a_rukovv Railway, 20，000 t<'：丄ズ •tiie east section of the ムurgiiai Railway, 10,000; tons ‘“‘ the • 3iping—Hankow Hailway and Hankow miia.loipalit y 30 )oo tons; and the Canton-Hankow Railway and ^onan Province' 25,000 tons. "' Electric works along the Nanking-Shanghai and 外。nphW-, hang chow Railways require ..し.、000 tons. Public utilities, factories and t>9 Army in Nar ぐ;ng use ,40,000 tons; those in tiie Hsuchow Are i.15,000 tor- and those in Kiangsi Province 10,0(/0 tons, Representatives of coal mine operators to the conference, who need foreign exchange for the par chase of colliery equipment were reassured by Mi n i s f,er Chen. t l ド一 they wil], ree^i ve adequate financial aid from the GovomrnAn^. Meanwhile, tiie. Nnt.ir.nal I^sonrcos 0し細 i s s i o n i s 爪 q u に s t. i n p t h e Govemmetii-. to appropriate CN# 81,850,000,0^0 for 'bfcp . development of coal mines in Central and South Ohina. Upon the suggestion of conference representatives the Ministry of Economic Affairs has agreed to negoti ' witii the Ministry of National Defense for exemption む.卯 military service for cnal miners and tecimieinrm no^dftd in l m.Dl Rraen^mg the coal prodno hi on. program. 一一 END. — 2 1 0 — CORRECTION OF COTTON' CROP ESTIMATE The Chinese cotton crop for this year is estimated at 11^000,000 'piculs instead of that many じ,ales’ said San Director of the Cotton Improvement Departicent of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in correcting a Central News Agency report of July 30 which quoted tne New York Commercial Journal yesterday4 -- END. 6« 8* 47* T A S S 0RSE2S CONTINUE PROVOCATIONS ON CJRSCO-M3ANIAN F'RONTI .SR T I R M A August 5, (TASS) that Greek provocations continue Sheet 1 lhe Tirana Radio today announced on the Gr eco-Albanian frontier. At 4.30 prn on July 30多 tho broadcast said身 Greek 3oldiers appeared near the front! or points Nos. 4 and 5 an己 fired six shots in 1iiQ direction of the Albanian frontiar p03ts« Albar:iid v . • ' *' ' .... . •.'.： i..••� •• ‘ —., v '：. C1' - soldiers did not r etaliate# • On the same day ? near frontier points Nos» 36 and 37，Sfeek monarohia t~f as cist soldiers fired 40 alio ta in 15 minutes, '^hls time also the Albanian f rentier gustrd3 did not retaliate. On July 31 a Greek plane cross ad the Albanian frontier in the are^pf Ajlrokastron flying . at an altitude of 500 to 600 metres and returned to ^rsek territory as soon as the Albanian frontier guards opened fir':) , th3 broadcast concluded^ (TASS) DUTCH PLi\N£S ON 聰 TO BAT A VIA DETAINED BY INDIAN AUTH0HETC5S OH3 HAG-U3 August 5, (TASS) lhe Indian authorities . detained two Dutoh pjlemsa f jtying from iknaterdam* to Batavia, according to the Karachi correspond ant of the newspaper Volkcourant* This act, the corses pond ant went on, is being taken as a sign of protest against Dutch military operations in Indoneaiao It is reported that tlie Du七oi.. aut-icroties plan to lay a new r»oute for flimits of Dutoh piajies itos七erdam to batavi a > the correspondent concluded. (TASS) T A S S S h e t ; t 2 COAL CRISIS .， IN H M B U H G B3RLIN August 5, (TIBS) . Power stations and gas'.works have be en. ..ordered by the British authorities to pile up reserves for w int or, according to the N eu QS Deutachland. H-afib UPg ‘ oar res pond en t • 'ftiis order, the pap^r went on, given now, in suramer, has led to a crisis* Time has been set in Hamburg when‘ the etirpr •: is .switched off. In view of the lack of coal, 125,000 Hamburg houses are deprived of gas» In Dueaaeldorf factories were also deprived of electricityo In Lower Saxony, aa a result of - shortage of eleotrie power, the output of con en t has been seriously affected. The 3erioua transport crisis makes it impossible to pile up .ooi reserves for ga3 wt>rka and el-sctrlc power stations in the British occupation zene. (TASS) mm mm L _ 3 R OF PR3TGH PRANCELRMHS AGCUS5B CHARLSS DE GAVLLE PARIS August 5, (TA3S) Hie newspaper 1'Humanite yaatar^. published an open letter addressed to General CBLayles de QaOllo by the Chief of Staff of the French FTonctireurs and partisans Professor Mo reel Prenant of ths S or bonne Univorsityc Professor Prenant who is & ..Cavalier of the Legion of Honour and f o m e r political exile and wlio v;as decorated with numerous military orders aocu3ec?. c^ulla in iiis activity during his 3ta,y in London and Algiers. - m o r e - 6* 8 . 47 T A S S Shset 3 AHD SHS3C 2 e«*«nnd Algiers. The French partisans many times appeal oc! to de .t^uII& 9 prof ̂ Pronant wrote, with the request to a oncl arms® "You did not give us these arms and our fî iitQX's wfent into battle almost barehanded, suffering as a result severe casuolties.エ know you have or. exoU30 for this s we wore Communiats. Yoa It ia truee Many, of us wero Communis fcs; our leader was O-iarl'ja Till on who was among ths first so call the French people to arms-. But there wero among ua ancl among tiioao who peri3hed other patriot3 # brave people of all political and religious viows and ejvan priest3 who are far from Communiam« However, tho Oouununia七s did not waitjas you pretend, for your ordors to organize rsaia- c(o tanco, and your d eclarection that they dqcir3edto/th±a only whon the Germans invaded Soviet Russia } is falseo". Prof e33or ?r enant rar:inc? ed cle Craul3e of thy stru,K\sl 0 the Communist ょarty waged during MUniGh and during the 0 of aice of Paris whon "still before your decision the Central Gcxnmittoe on June 6,1940 issued a oall to organize "die defence of ゼâ is。', "You say tlaat we are 'separatists in resistance, Pronant wont on. "And You? Resistance means people arid you alwa:,s eypariGnoed repulsion and foar of people 0 You refU3od to t ;i VQ armament 3 to other organisation a also as soon as th ©y started to resist in earnest* How many difficulties az»03e between you and cesponslble organs of the French domsatlc forces ? n Prenant cited as an example the MOO (militej'y civil OBgani2sation) • ‘ 5 1 member of thia o r g an I z at ion, G an e r al La tour -m o r o- T A S S Shet;t 4 ADD SH3HT 3 Latour ‘ ‘ who headed in 1943 tho military ocriinission in tho northern zones, in one of hia reports wrote tho following： "in it3 work, the Military Commission of our ^ or thorn Zone mot with many normal difficulties but alao with pretontions of the London bureaus who wanted to direct the resistance thoma^lvoa. It waa a 3-crugglo between those for wbcm the resistance had a purpo3o and those to whom it was only x means between volunto -rs and officials, between filter3 anc! office workers^ Siis Is tl.o eternal atrug-le in the wrlcl.Tha iiilltarr Goimniaslon emphatically took the sido of thos© whan iz from, the v^j b a n n i n g considered tho side re pre 3 anting the Prynch nation in 1Z3 present condition, i.e., took tho sicio of tho W a tIonal Council of Re^is uanco." i'ronant accused da Gaulle .. that oft沈 the liberation ho 聰 t e d to oust tho loaders of the raris 油 i a t a n c e， " Y o u W A N - T E C t o disajm the patriots who only r c c m t l y captured the Luxemburg Palaco," ？renan七 ivrote多"and they were foreod to r esort to cunning in order to fight the Germans in spite of your instructions and under the leadership of tli© hero Colonol ]?abレ All that recalls the n a k o n a l atru-gle,, all that ia dear to the heart of Frenchmen evokes your revulsion." tenant reminded de Gaulle of his responsibility 3 i n 0 e during tho 15 deciaiva months ho had uncteirollod power a and aftertiiat was in power fortiiree months ana voluntarily resigned in Januaiy 1946 declaring that ho is leaving 处如的 in an ldoal condition. -ci o r o- r'，A S S 3ieet 5 ADD SHS2T 4 o d conditiono Frenant furtherbofeed t.iiifc tlie Coimunista helper] Oa Gaulle J and his government and were the rirat to call upon the workers m ^ nil people to improve conditiona In tha country. "You abused tha confidenoe of the participants of the resistance and frus trated the purgy, confiscation of traitors t property, oonfiacation of unlawful profits, democratic orgnn- ization of the army and generally all tho main points of fe. e program of the NSA» "After lib^atical # B Pronont ooncluded, "In each of your speeches you ape represanting yoursolf in the eyes of ever, the most blind pecOle as a leader of a scoiety which i 3 vory for from serving the Republic and P i ' a n o ( T A S S ) *11HII]III IIf n u l l mini"" Ma 一 ACAD3IICIAN VA飞GA DISOJSS^S \ F0R2HC0KING- CKCSIS IF U.S. MOSCOW August 5, (TASS) Six months ago wo wroto that ギ the next economic crials will break out in the Uhited States not later than 1948 and the Development of iknerican economy within this period of time ahowa that the prerequisits for the crisis are rlperdng fast, declared Academician S. Y a r S a in an article titled "Forthcoming genomic Crisis in the U # s < and the 丨Marshall published in t r a y ' s 圩 a V d a * Actually, Vorga 'continued, the crisis has very likely a 3 j > e a d y b ^ : a n b u t t 0 3 邛”e x a c t l y will bo posaille only l a t . r During the paat few inontha there ha a no longer been 如 i n C r o a s e in production as *ha the case in the second half of the l a 3 t y 9 Q p * Constantly, incrersing amounts of m n u f a. iurod goods .are being accumulated a t ths plant 3 f at wholesale and retail d sal or 3 » warehoua es. o r o« T A S S She-t 6 AOD SEE?Sn? 5 ® Ol ,war9i-0U3as« According to the xigじ.resj Varga wont on, the total aluo of cotnraddlty stocks in the United States reached almost U S # 3 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 # 0 0 0 • ffoclay the ai'jpr a' ching; crisis is admit tor? tlirou^iout the United States* However^ the worfl crisis" is Tsoin carefuily ateoided and raplaood by more innocent expresslona like tt d9prQS3ion M and 30 on4 A3 is known^Prssldqut 2ruman has raoommend od oapitalis ta to voluntarily lower the priooa in order to forestall thr csrisla» Ihis is certainly absurd f f c .r the capitalists will navor volunteer to rocluoe tha prices for their goocls while tiiey 3till have the opportunity to 3oil them witii greater profit. Bat avail aiiould U.a. capitalists - r^aorl; to such a meaaure. how, It would merely aooeloroto the advent of the crisis* Hopin；.; for a further reduction of prices everybody would have temporarily s topped p U P oha a QS , • M A N uf AC t UP ERA and M E R C H A N T S would have delayed their orders and t,old reserva good3, and private individuals would have auapondjd the purchas o£ oafs, furniture, clothing^footwear. All this would have resulted in an immediate crash. Prices will drop not toouゆ voluntary action on the port of the capital i3ts 一 - the drcp will, be sharp and will be forced by the criaisr- Monopolistic capital in the United Stat33 is s trivint" to tone down the crisis and avert tho inevitable clrop in D rio os by int Gtisifying selling on the world market of tdioae goods whidh they fail te diapoaa of on the Lome markota Wecaua 9 of P R I C E S and T H ^ pr^SERIT CL istritoution of the n at tonal in GOTゾ。 -m o r i©- 5« 47 T A '3 S She at 7 ADD SHEET 6 ec»n'ational income. However, the ovorwfcelming majority of c apitaliat countries h n v a no dollix5 or gold with which tc purdhaae itaieric.an g o o d s f Cte«htrios Impoverished by war have no surplus good3 which ^ mi ご s e l l to the Unit ed States and buy goods in exchange. Sven if they have any goods to export their s a ie is honperod by exorbitant itaericon custom duties. Hio Marshall plan shoulo be cori3icorocl in thel^ht of ニして facta,-.Varga 9i"phasized» Hio economic sense of thi3 "plan“ c n3ists in providing tiio United States with the opoortiaiity to expan'clth© 3 ale cf her goods on foreign mcrkota without having to import pods frcm a broaa. Xherob：'. , it vso ulc】 be possible tc mitigate the ir^ndinゴ crisia in the Unit ad States and to delay the drop in prices. . The Marshall plan p m u e a fo^-rsaあinじ political aims in ihrope which can briefly ba formulated as follovaj 1 / ?ormacion of the western bloc undr-r Jnited Sfcaces oorTrol^ ± 3 a of major political import once.- Ihis bloc would h a v o on oxcluaively anti-Soviet trend. In this respect the Marshall plan rpresents attempts to spread over the entice EUrope 七iî Truraan policy pursuac in G r e c o T u r k e y and Iran* 2/ 'Ite second aim und arlying the 声 or aha 11 plan Is to oonvort G e r m ^ y (with the exception of 比 E Soviet zone) into A base of Am eric OP. imperialism In ths heart of Europe. By this manoeuvre the authors of the Marshall plan ara strivintc, lift BriCain's control ovor th© Ruhr-and presorvo private ownership of Carman enterprisoa. Ihoy are planning thし.rehabilitation of Kuhr'a industry witii the help of ikncTioan engineers and financed by tho Anerioan lTS|300 # pQO,000loan. - m o r e - T A S S S h e t ; t 8 J\J3D SEBSS 7 •••loan, ‘ ” •The dan and put forward by the Marshall plan with regard to Prance is to annully Supply the Ruhr R'-£ion with six million tons of iron ore. Ori this basia ti.oy are plo nnlr^; to r asfcnra the German heavy industry almost up to its pro-« ar levol» It goes without saying, Aoadomician Varga continued, that this plan meets obstacles both in France and in Britain® ar •：̂ oppoa as this plan sine 9 the i.'rendi justly regard it as and an；, .a n their s eourity» In- Britain It is opposed because it C epri v ̂ a Lor of tiie sourca of valuab 1dnocmed fcliei^uhr Hagion.. 3/ '2io third aim of the Marshall plan consists in alicaiatin^ the ^jropean states, partioulorly tha new democracies from 七lie influence of tha foreign policy of the Sovi汰 Union anr in wlnrin ,hem ovsr to tho United St at es th'arebjr re driver ting these coun brio into ordinary capitalist states and airocting their intomai poliolea along the old bourgeois democratic ohannal # The governments of th.o East European countriea which ly vo correctly seized up the intorosta of their respsctive nations have refused to pay such a rlear price for itaaricon "asaiatoncQ 1 ' ant the Marshall plan already 3 of far od a grawa fa:: lure because of tiie refusal of all G^jrupean countries to participate in Itaifulf ilment. \ Opposition which the authors cf tiae plan net with re ard to Germ any in Pran®e and Britain shows that tha n ..^otiations on this plan will be more prolonged and com plica 5 arl t： .an they . wer© supposed to bo^ • m o r e - T A S S She-t 9 ADD 3HJ53T 8 • 0 ”to be. Opposition against ti'i© Marsha 11 plan is ^fjowing both among the working people of 5Xir ope and a iong .pro^Tesaive circles of the United States. Bierefcre, tho QvC nomic crisis in tho Uni±od States whUsh ia already near at hand is likely to break out af.-r the elaboration of this plan i 3 successfully complet eel .But wl, tfne crisis ；reoks out the iknerican taxpayers may oppose tlie granting to £Xirope of new large credits out of state f unci a . Hierforo, the realization .of tlie Marahf.ill plan which primarily serves feconomio and foreitn political interests of iteieiloan monopolistic capital,oan by no me on a be consider od as smsurod. ^ u c h ar Q some consideration a which muat bo b o m e in mind whan discussing the Mar shall plan in the liĝ rfc c f tho data con earning ibierioan economi, Academician V a rsa concluded^ 0 (TASS) • • • 華 エZV3SHA 3CP0SES S^SHISH R^aCHONAHT N3/SPAP3R3 M0S(30i7 August 5, (TASS)- Izvoatia to^,ay published an article by Yakovlev exposing the provocative Invoition of the ^wo<3ish roQCtiona^y press in oenneefcion with the ao-called Konnov and Mlkhoi lov affair. About a wesk ago, Yakovlev wrote, a soction of rj ie Swedish press, mainly newspapora. liko Dagmia Nyhtar身 Svonska Dagbl^a- d e t , ^cpreason, ikftonblaclet and othersr. a i 3 ^ a hysutoical ory w s r the fact.rbもat tho Assiatant Soviet Militcyy Attache in Sweden Major Konnov accompanied by a n official of the Soviet Hnbasay Mikhailov utilized their v a o a tion for a journey ovor North Sweden黌 - m o r e - T A S S She-t 10 AED SH SET 9 ："•« »ITor th Swod en o Gcming down to the ？dirtiest mud-slinking of the lieorsfc fcブP色 press/ Swedish newspapers pld^turad this trip in the manner that allegedly Major Konnov left in aofirat frcm 3wodi3h authorities and visited the Sf or bidden zone" in tho horUi of Sweden having "important defensive ai^nli'Iconoe. 0 '•̂ he reactionary preaa raised a furious anti-soviet carnal,;r demandinc intervention by the Foreign Minister of Swod^^v; i a press Is noli conoernod *ith the fact that ita inventions run counter to reality. It Is aul'i'icisnt to point out that those same newspapers which announood that Major Konnov made an a n eg ad "secret trip" reported that the jouroey was under const.on t watch of tho looal police authoritiaa and fc. at the ^oviot diplonats wore a ccompanies by two officials of the Swodish atate police especially sent for from StockhoJUiu It; is not o coidental that on July 18, several days after the beginning of the journey two Swedes struck up frlond- ship with Konnov and Mikhallov. One of the Swedes said th a fc he w a 3 connected with tlia" atato forestry m 6 the other was hia assistant. These foresters showed unaaual attrition to Konnov and MiWiallov and after Insistent pleading obtained their permission to ride in the• automobile to their home in the vill^Q Svorkalika. -Noxt morr^ng Konnov and Mikhailov clisoov^ed that the village to 曲 i恥 they wero Invited and had arrive at w a a actually a i^rt o/ the zone in which foreigners were for Id den to rotnain for more than 24 hours without special parmission.. •HU o r 8« 4 7 • Tメ另 S Sheet 11 ADD SHSET 10 opermisaion. As a result they immediately referred to the police station v«here» however, they were told thac the forbidden 2®ne was set up only recently, that not only was this fact unknown to foreign era who seldom come here but evan^he local inhabitants. I i l e l n i t l a i n 0 r a o f 也e anti-Soviet campaign were not abashed by the fact that reprosentativea of the Siwediah a^ a te polioe who apparently did not know the plans of thoae newspapers and their spons ors made a declaration vdiich inmediately nulllfiod the claims of the reacfcionazy iiwodiali newspapora. On July 27 Johansson, Assistant Director of the Regional Police in "verkaliks which is allegedly xocated in th e " f o r b i , ^ 2 0 1 1 0 , 1 m a d e t h e following statement to the iiwodisft telegraph b U r Q a U : M ? h i 3 y 0 a r W Q had many f o r o i ^ tourists hero and thoso includod itoericans, Dutoh, Danes, Athenians and even one G 0 r m a ^ I n は 1 C a s e s t h 野 � れ told that they can rsmain in the forbidden r ̂ i o n . Not Qn<L o/them kne;v of such a tion U n t i l til9ir a r r i V a l - 疋 3 邮 扣 付 防 of the population of thriven locality does not know of tho prohibition to visit this localitv by for signers . Y a k 0 V l 6 V れ で 比 幼 也 れ 比 日 t a k e n 办 o , t a t i v o . ° f t h e ^ W e d l s h Ministry of -breign Affairs is a t r ^ e and _ c onnot b e Justified.化可 know very well that Konnov and Mlkhailov before taking the journey referred to the Swodisli Tourist B U r e a U to explain the possibility to visit ^ t h Sweden 副 that the Tourist Bureau told than that those regions W h i d i t h Q y i n t 9 n d e d t 0 过 咖 - r e not In the forbid.er. .one and are open to f or eigne , o r e 一 T A S S Shet;t 12 ADD SH3ST 11 •••“。foreign gts. Ilevor tholes a the Swedish Foreign Ministry deemed it possible t o invite the USSR Charge d «Aff aires to explain and to pl a oe before him the absurd and clearly fabricated accusation against Konnov and Mikiiailov advanced by the ^wediah reactdonary proaa•‘ •Uis campaign in connection with tha Konnov and Mikiiailov affair seriously impaired thc reputation of the represent at ivar： of those R a d i s h clrcl胡 which ape responsible for tli^naintaianco of International customs and rules of politeness v/ith regard to foreigners residing in Sweden•， Represaitativea of the Swodiah Foreign Miniatry who a 0 t e d o n t h e Instigation of the roactionary proas d aruonatratod their Incapacity to reapeet those demands of olonentary politeness. Taking upon themselves tha ungrateful ancl risky taak of supporting a false accuaat-cn against Konncv and MiMiailov, the Miniatry fell Into an unenviable aitixation. All this had been shown by the fact thit the official of the Foreign ^iniatiy In submitting hia demand to the Soviet Charge d»Aff a irea in connection with Konnov and Kikhailovta visit to tha so-called "forbiddon zone- thought it vrtae to r ^ r a i n from su^itting proof, any facts, and ccnTine hiraaelf to the absolutely unfounded demand that Konnov and MIkhailov be recalled Q S the 、 F o v e l ^ Miniatry doesnot consider thorn, as you persona grata. If the d m r d for proof is not conaidsred in Sweden as obligatory for some organs cf the press than it would that t h l a d a m a n d m u s f c b Q considered absolutely necoasary by such an Institution as the Pared淨 Miniatry. • m o r o» 8« 47 T ^ S S Sher t 13 ADDSHiSSC 12 ••..Foreign Ministry. However, the gentlemen of this : T *n?.3try have, pa Is c3b ^ l y aeen # » ftther viewpoints in this oonnec felon* Ihls rude fabrication oleorly showa the impud^Qt conduct of the Swedish reactionary circles vdio are trying with all m ana at their disposal to Impair ^oviet-Swedish relations and with these a Ins to do not ifcop before fabricating all aorta of fantastic "affair^" falsehoods and provocations which, however, fall tiircugh without QDcoaption no matter "afcers they arlss a es pit e the zeal of their organizers and insplrers f Yakovlev concluded. I TASS) • ••一 f USSE:, POLAND SIGN ACOOHD ON SXOEI^GS OF G0026 MOSOOif August 5夢(J!AS3) Aa a result of negotiations between tha Soviet odd F^iala Mlnietrl es cf Fopei.^i Tr a c;e anc trade delegations which were conducted In a friendly atmosphere on agreanent was signed in Moscow August 4 between t he governments of tihe USSR ancl the Polish Ropublio on mutual exchange of goocis* According to this agreanent, the Soviet Union will deliver to Poland cottcai. Iron and maziganeae ore, forro-alloys, oil products, ahemical and other good3 vrtloh jye needed by the Polish economy. Poland on her part will deliver to the Soviet Union coloured metals, cotton fabrics, sueaり windowpanes and othec Polish -m o r e« Aで’ じ 6 * 4 7 • T A G S Sheet 14 ADD SH3ET 13 .c.Pdiish produce, , T h e agreeinent w a s si^od for tiie ^oviet Union by Dapfcty Minister of ^orei^i Trade iW D» Erutikov and for ^cland/^tatd Secretory for Foreign r itadQ and Industry Mr. Ludwig HosreMt. During the negotiations it w a s established that in the nearest future both aides will commence negotiations o n the conclusion of an atTeonent : ojl exchange of goods f cp a longar period. (TASS) M M, m CZECHOSLOVAK HJ3LICMJ HIS IM?R态SIONS OP PARIS CONFER逝CB PIUC3f(JS August 5, (TASS) ^he wall-known ？ubliot® t Andro Simon public od in th6 magazine Tvcrba on article on the Paris conference 池era the ^arahall plan w a a discussed and which he attended in the capacity of 吡 observer Andre Simon wrote* ”Ihe Dutch delegate, Dr. ̂ ons Hlrachfeld rose 触 palnly declared; 'ffernmn economy must be Included into the ^opeajj economy.« At that very time news vendors were shouting in the streets: 'Holland started war against JhdoneaiaKS. "He was followed by the Greek delegate who rose slowly a n d s m i l i n ^ k l n d l y 3 aids »1he Ma作hall plan ia proof of the generosity ^ the United Scatas.. By the way, on tfce s ^ e day ^I8lish newspapers wrote tiia 62,000 anti-fascists who had struggled against Germany are langulahing in Greok jails• H :Qien the British delegate, Chairman of the so«oalloc5 °omrnittee of Stoopean Gollaboratiion, Sir Oliver Franks, drew -m o r o “ 8. 47, T A ^ S • Sheet 25 ADD SHS3?14 » # «dBev7 th© at ceioloii of his eoIXeagues to the fact that the Paris conference is not direct ed against anybody and that jaijl cited harbours the greatest ayaiiix thy to all peoples. "While どir Oliver Panics was uttering these words, 27 kilometres away fran the Palestine oo a st alx Qritiah warship3 attacked the steamer »Scodus» which carried to Pal as tin© J e w l a h settlers. One of theru was kill ad, five fatally wotm 行が, twenty heavily wounded anci 100 sustained light injurioa. "In his speech tho French delegate "orvs Alphand stressed that Prance wants nothing axoopt peace and closest trade relctiuna w l t h a 1 1 Peoples and the Presd dent of Vietnam at the same time declared that until Prance does not coaae military opar a tiona against the Rapublie of Vietnam tdaare will be no peace betwoen the two governments* ”The Portuguese dol^ate In torching words expressed his gratitupe to America onfi his confidence ln the 'great aavin’《 mission of the Paris conference.' At the same time in 、 Lisbon Dr. ̂ alazar said Uiat between 4i toerica and P o r t ^ a l⑶ agreanent on alliance will soon be reached. Particularly a fc t h i a samdhour one ilmericcn newspaper wrote that 6 a i a Z Q p la mointainlj^ power only because of cruel dictatcrahip and tiiat Portuguese jails are packed® ine Turkish delegate associated hinseif with the opinion of previous orators and emphasized that ^rifaoat German economy Europe cannot r ecover." Ai this morn^L perhaps vcn ？apen recalled 'diat the Itjrkish government allowod ships to paaa thro ugh the i)l a ck S Q a Straits in ordesr to take part in the attack on liie Crinea. -m o r e- 6. 8* 47 T A S S uiio t；12 ADD SEBET 15 the Crimea. • "Here you have the phyaicgnomy of six out of the 16 , participants of the Farls Conference," ^imon oontlnuedf ''Toro of thorn are waging open colonial war, tho third is a waging on undeclared co^finial wqp, tiie fourth is continuing a war of terror t while in the fifth at ate cruel dictator ship is In power® î ie sixth govermoot Turkey helpsri during ttie war, "All these gentleman who ass an bled in Paris talk about .z ) • civilization while；their gj-,2© ia turned to lifaahlngton which support and dlrocta oolonial wars # oncourages regimes of t arror® "A thlok fog cov6P6cl 发orlg during the first day, then it become clear that efforts are bfelny directed to regenerate German military potential, that the Mar ah all plan contains the intention not to help %rop© but to halp Gemncny^ The ~arshall plan ia nothing else but on Improvetn snt of the Truman doctrine which ia aimed at ox porting capital from the Unicea Statea." 4 ^ after the end of the ur.r ( “\ndre ^imon further pointed out that /-. democratic forces and In the first place all Communiat S and tra^e union OP sanitation a seriously resist-加ぃ ricon inperioiian which is striving to iomlnate Sir ope, striving to deprive European countries of their sovereignty and assume control over European economy. / B If the policy of til a United Si;ate3, H Simon wrote, "ia directed to limiting the freedom of the peoples and ,ima the at exporting American ',a';Ital then/foreign policy of the ^oviet o r e - 6« 8 « T A ふ K • Lho t 17 ABD SKSET M 、."the Soviet Union, on the contrary/i 3 direct ベ tc'：: c ^ooplca including the smallest with the opportunity to live indepond- 如tly and settle independently vital questions concerning their own c ountriea* ”2ie Paris conf Qrano©, B Andre 3inon wrote,-‘ * W a S t 0 Siva h匆e to toopeajn eountrios that their aorious economic difficulties would ba speedily olimlnatad with the help of the Unitod Stataa. But after the ゼaris conference theae difficulties were augmented by the spectre of regeneration of t h 9 economic might of German c opltaliats anci the m i r t h of the^ aggressive policy. "One may think that tho Paris Conference was called In o r d Q r t h a t history ahoulri be repeated. Ihe Paris conference clearly runs ccuntor to tho wishBs of the people of i r o p o who are striving to assure the peaceful dovQloianont of tho WOTIC丨 and guar ant oe each people tho possibility to build their homes according to thoir own wishes. " ^ e non-participation of the u lav peoplea and other gov e v e n t s in the Paris confer once Is tho strongest e p r e s ^ o n of the genuine aspirations of thaao peoples. The 舭サi C a J n policy in theHuhr roglon cp^tied the ^ e s for many who only recently bolleved in the salutory mission of tha ^nrshall p l a D ' I f c 1 3 P^aible that the delegations of Prance, and other countries ；vhioh attended tlia tola oonfer^co will bow down before the ilmeric a n plan out the peoples of the rest of Europe cannot reconcile themselves to tho fact that behind their backs the German danger is 6 rowing a ; , a ln,« S ^ o n concluded. (TASS) UNITED NATIONS BELIEF AND REHABILITATION ADIJINI STRATI OK Tel. 46389 2xt.19 Shanghai, China No. 373 ？OR Il'iliEDIikTE RELEASE 6 Aagust 1947 Mr. K. S. Hu, regional director of CI^RRA' s Fukien province office, today (Wednesday) assumed, the directorship of the Fisheries Rehabilitation Administration (I'Rxj) at Point Island, Shanghai. I£r. Hu, earlier iu the c;~!P.A-"JInIR3A progre::i vas director of CNRRA's Department of General Affairs at CFBRA headquarters. He succeeds Jennings Wong who resignec： as director of ？RA to accept an appointment as Acting Director, of the Preparatory Commission of the. International Eefugee Organization's Far Eastern Office. :.T. Wong has be^n director of FHA since March and before then was director of ClTRRii' s Shanghai Regional Office, The Fisheries Rehabilitation Administration is an UNERA sponsored project to restore and expand. China' s fishing in- dustry through a J.3.^26,000,000 program which includes the provision of powered fishing boats, the building or repairing of 10,000 war-daniagjd junks and furnishing China wi th modern fish processing facilities. Of the'127 powersd fishing boats so far brought to China by UNRRA•，18 aro no77 being operated ^ith all-Chinese crews, trained under experienced f isherraa n-ins true tors recruit ::d abroad by UNHRA. Twenty captains, 4S chief engine-rs and 198 fishermen are nor； qualified to opersts powered, fishing vessels. The training program, T^hich includes all phases of the modern complex fisheries industry is currently being expanded. Seven powered craft are new fishing out of the north China branch operating base at Tsingtao. Other branch bas^s are located in Canton and on Formosa. Shipmon ts of all UKRRA suppli -̂ s to Kat ions list and Coninanist aroas north of th^ 34th parall.^1 were suspenasd on July 28 by order of the TJI-IP.HA council of 48 imb。！* g o u m n e n t s . fisheries equipaiont snd supplies imr^obilizod by tho suscon- sion include 12 power 3d fishing boats> 2 tugboats, 2 so to r dories, one fi sli reduction ^lsnt, s viteiain oil p l a n t , 1 5 C Diesel engines, 20 shipyard repair units and about 900 tons of cable, rope, paint and varnish end othc；r fisheries material--all schadulad for shipment to Chefoo ?;herJ es- tablishmsnt of an additional branch base is planned. Ship- ment of maintonance equipment for'the Tsingtao baso has also boon halted. . The UNRRA China office is currently negotiating with the ifetionalist government for arrangements to permit an equitable distribution of UFRRA supplies in North China and to provide for th^ safety of UNRRA personnel at work in northern areas . UNITED IDIOMS ：忍L:[E.f_ ./:'J® EM-IABILITATION ADMINISTRATION Tel： 463S9 Ezfc,19 FOR IMMEDLMH RELEASE Shanghai, China NOo 376 . August 6 t 1947 The July 2,8 suspension of all sh.ip.aeats of UKSJ?A supplies to Communist and Nationalist territory north of the E4th parallel affects some of the most important rehabilitation work under- taken ia this country, it was revealed today when tho XJNEHA China Office released an analysis of the effect of ths order to impound supplies destiaed. for north Chin&, The impounding of 50,000 tons of supplies destined for Communist areas and 38 s 000 tons intended for nortkaim Nationalist terri- tory has cat off further equipment and supplies from a number of major UNRRA projects. During the current suspeasion s ordered on July 28 by the UNRRk Central Coaimittee； the UNRR& China Office is nogotiatixig with the Chinese National GoverrunGiit for arrangements that ^ould permit equitable distrj.bi.ition of UNRRA. supplies i,n both Government and Ccnrnunist areac arid that would ensure th9 protection of UKRRA porsoxniGl engaged in the work „ ；‘ Foremost among major aortix China ondertalcix]gs in which UKRPJl is participating is tiia Ycsllmi Elver dike repair project. This is the only projecx from vwich. TJKRRk personnel have been withdrawn, following the National Gcveirrment? s notice that it could no longer guarantee tho 3afety of UKRRA. psrsonnel engaged in the work. All UNRRA engineers. technxcians and administrative personnel assigned to the Yellow Hiver project were v.'ith,dra?m as a direct result of this notiae and 17 other UKHEA fisld personnel engaged in work in the Yellow River area are irarncbilized as a result of military activity. Elsewhere north of tha 34th paraliol 〔bout 65 UNERA personnel are continuing their duties ivo the varying extent permitted by mili- tary action in individual a-oas and although, further supply ship- ments Lave bean liaitad,. AGRICULTUK；,：： HSilABILITi-.TION North. China projects which t liks tho Yellow Hivsr project, have as their primary goal ar. increased Chinese food productioa, re- present approxiiiataly one-third of Ui®pj.f s U«S 475,000.000 agri- cultural rGhabilitation program for China. However, the immediate and long range Ya].uo to China in expanded food production and the specialised training afforded by the program to large numbers of Chinese is many times i,hat figure. Shipment of more than 22,000 loog tons of supplies earaarlced for North China agricultural pro- jects.has be on suspsnc.od ； Among thoso projects are North River water conservancy project near Tientsin and 14 traotor training projects in oporation or planned in ShEmtung., .r!anciiurla s Ho nan and Suiyuan provinces, which have placed 400 TJNRHt- farm tractors in active USG," Of UNHRA.'s • more « China tractor training program, through which young Chinese farmers are trained to operate modern farm machinery whilo performing va- luable plowing, soeding and harvesting -work for farmers, two-thirds of all the projects wore outlined for north China. Nearly 1000 pieces of farm equipmont allocated to north China aro boing impounded. The UNHRk posticidos program to train north country farmers in tho offoctivo control of locusts, rico borors, plant lice and othor food dostroying insects; tho sood program, nearly complete, but still in progress to instruct farmers in proper soed planting and treatment methods, using seed, impregnating agents importod by IMSik； and the fertilizer program are affected by the suspension. Shipments of UNRRA fertilizer now being impounded total almost 12,000 tons, including over 7,000 tons allocated to Communist ter- ritory # Of greater importance to agricultural production throughout China, however, is the suspension of shipments of UNERk machineiy to the Haichow Phosphate Mines. This affocts UNRRA 1 s plans to increase the output of the mines, which in turn "will curtail the production, on Taiwan of fortijizer, which is shipped to the China mainland for wide use on China 1 s farmlands. The entire emergency feeding program for refugees in the flooded areas of north China, now well under way, is affected by the stop* page* An estimated one million persons in this area aro reliant on UNRRA foodstuffs before this yoar t s harvest. Ten portable Wiles oookers have been serving 20,000 meals a day to returning settlers. About 27,500 tons of foodstuffs intended for the area are now being impounded. UNHRA's fisheries rehabilitation program for areas north of the 34th parallel represents about thirty percent of the entire $26,000 f 000 U N 皿 fisheries prograjn for China. With sovon UNBR^ supplied powered fishing vessels currently operating from Tsingtao, and a large additional branch base planned for the important north China fishing center of Chcfoo, further shipments of fishing ves- sels and supplies have been suspended. Twelve powered fishing boats, two tugboats, two motor dories t ono fish reduction plant, a vitamin oil plant,150 Diesol engines, 20 shipyard repair units, 70 tons of ico-making eq.uipinGnt and over 900 tons of other fisheries equipment including cable, rope, paint and varnish—all scheduled for shipment to Chcfoo—are being hold in Shanghai• Shipments of additional maintenance equipment for the base at Tsingtao have also been halted. The suspension order inclados additional supplies for the US“5,000 Agricultural Industries Service project at Chungmou f Honaa, esta- blished in cooperation with the Frionds Service Units # Project plans include a foundry, six blacksmith shops, a cotton weaving and a carding plant, a wood fabricating plant, an oil processing plant, flour milling equipment, irrigation equipment and the training of farmers to operate small industrial units to coordi- nate with their farming activities. Among smaller agricultural projects affected are the food processing training program, with 200 long tons of pressure cookers, canning machinery, dehydratoi^,etc # , impounded. Almost all of the 10,000 ton farm shop program for North China is affected• Only 600 tons — m o r e _ of equipmeat have been delivered for this program which supplies farmers with material and technical assistance to manufacture their own simple farm tools. INDUSTRIAL REEABILITATION Hardest hit of UMRRK 1 s extensive industrial rehabilitation program for North China, is the electric power plant project. Twelve of the 69 power generating units intended for UNRRA^s China-wide power plant rehabilitation program, have been impounded• These plants, ranging in power output from 5^0^ to ̂ 000 Kilowatts are of enormous importance to the revitilization of industry in both Nationalist and Communist areas• Six generators badly needed to boost th© output of North China coal mines, main sources of coal supply for Shanghai and other Chinese industrial centers, have been impounded• The mines affec- ted are the Hwa Tung Coal Mine in Kiangsu (1,000 KW), the Ching Hsing Goal Mine (2,000 KW) and the Chang Cheng Coal Mine (1,000 腹）in Hopei; the Tatung Coal Mine (1,0001®) in Shansi, the Yeeloo Coal Mine and the Tsiao Tso Coal Mino (each 500KW) in Honan• Deli- very to Coramunist areas of two 550 KW sets for Lincbing and Hsing- tai, one ̂ 000 KW set for the Tze Hsien Coal Mine, and a 1000 KW Diesel generator and one 500 KW steam generator has been halted. In addition to the power plants themselves, 111 transformers to distribute the power and 94 motors havo been impounded• All are urgently needed to help restore China's war-doplQted industrial production• Also planned by UNREJA. for North China and affected by the suspen- sion order aro the railway and machine shop program costing in the neighborhood of U.S.$2 f 500 r 000^ Throe fourths of this amount was for the erection of a large railway workshop at Sian # Other industrial rehabilitation projects affected include tho Loho Bridge construction project for which most of the material has hot- bebn delivsr©a*. ‘ - ， • Further shipments of highway construction material, hand tools, for small techixical projects, saw mill equipment, centrifugal mining pumps, technical education supplies for North China colleges and universities and waterworks machinery have boon stopped, as haTe approximately 2000 tons of relief textiles and a substantial quan- tity of medical supplies. Tho resumption of northward shipments depends on the agroements of nationalist and Communist loaders to the plan advanced by UNRRA. to permit TOfflRA. operations north of the 34th parallel to be carried on equitably, with adoquato safeguards for tho protection of UNRRA. personnel at work in the northern areas. Tho doadllne for this agreement is August 12.
Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Image provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from Rare Books and Special Collections http://rbsc.library.ubc.ca
University of British Columbia Library Rare Books and Special Collections
Press service bulletins and press releases collected by Conde in Shangai Jul. 7 - Aug. 6, 1947
Text