@prefix ns0: . @prefix edm: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dc: . @prefix skos: . ns0:identifierAIP "b56ec90f-759a-498b-a96e-7546f33162c0"@en ; edm:dataProvider "CONTENTdm"@en ; dcterms:alternative "DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES"@en ; dcterms:isReferencedBy "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198"@en ; dcterms:isPartOf "Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:creator "British Columbia. Legislative Assembly"@en ; dcterms:issued "2018-02-21"@en, "[1966]"@en ; edm:aggregatedCHO "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0364018/source.json"@en ; dcterms:extent "Foldout Map: PROGRESS OF FOREST-COVER MAPPING BASED ON MAINTENANCE SURVEYS AND UNIT SURVEYS OR AREAS UNDER PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1965; Foldout Map: STATUS OF SUSTAINED-YIELD FORESTRY PROGRAMME AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1965"@en ; dc:format "application/pdf"@en ; skos:note """ PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Hon. R. G. Williston, Minister F. S. McKinnon, Deputy Minister of Forests REPORT of the FOREST SERVICE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1965 Printed by A. Sutton, Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in right of the Province of British Columbia. 1966 Victoria, B.C., February, 1966. To Major-General the Honourable George Randolph Pearkes, V.C., P.C., C.B., D.S.O., M.C. Lieutenant-Governor oj British Columbia. May it please Your Honour: Herewith I beg respectfully to submit the Annual Report of the Forest Service of the Department of Lands, Forests, and Water Resources for the Calendar year 1965. R. G. WILLISTON, Minister oj Lands, Forests, and Water Resources. The Honourable R. G. Williston, Minister oj Lands, Forests, and Water Resources, Victoria, B.C. Sir,—There is submitted herewith the Annual Report on activities of the Forest Service during the calendar year 1965. F. S. McKINNON, Deputy Minister oj Forests. ■.>"■■ . Planting Douglas fir seedlings in steep terrain, Robertson River valley, Cowichan Lake district. CONTENTS Page 1. Chief Forester's Report 11 2. Forest Surveys and Inventory Division 13 Field Programme 13 Forest Classification and Sampling 13 Growth Studies 13 Loss-factor Studies 14 Special Field Projects 14 Operations 14 Office Programme 15 Forest Mapping 15 Area and Volume Summaries and Distribution of Information 16 3. Forest Research Division 17 Experiment Station 17 Data-processing 17 Field Programme 17 Tree Breeding and Provenance Studies 17 Nursery and Plantation Studies 18 Participation in the ARDA Programme 19 4. Reforestation Division 20 Forest Nurseries 20 Forest Tree Seed 20 Reconnaissance and Survey Work 22 Planting 22 Permanent Improvements 23 Co-operation 23 Interdepartmental Rehabilitation and Forestry Programme 24 5. Working Plans Division 26 Pulpwood Harvesting Areas 26 Pulp Harvesting Forests 28 Other Public Sustained-yield Units 28 Tree-farm Licences 28 Certified Tree-farms 28 Farm Wood-lot Licences 28 8 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Page 6. Public Information and Education Division 29 Communications Media 29 Press and Periodicals 29 Publications and Printing 29 Radio and Television 30 Posters and Signs 3 0 Exhibits 31 Photography 31 Still Photography 31 Motion-picture Photography 32 X-ray 1 32 Colour Printing 32 Film Library 32 School Lecture Programme 33 Library 33 7. Forest Management Division 34 Peace River Flood Basin 34 Columbia Flood Basin 34 Spruce Bark Beetle 3 5 Douglas Fir Bark Beetle 35 Close Utilization 35 Market Prices and Stumpage Trends 35 Stumpage Prices 3 6 Silviculture 36 Scaling 38 8. Grazing Division 39 General Conditions 39 Range : 39 Hay 39 Markets and Prices 39 Range Management 40 Range Improvements 40 Peace River Pastures 41 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 9 Page 8. Grazing Division—Continued Co-operation 42 Administration 43 Grazing Permits 43 Hay Permits 43 Grazing Fees 43 Control and Enforcement 44 9. Engineering Services Division 45 Engineering Section 45 Development Engineering, Reconnaissance, and Road Location 45 Road Construction and Maintenance 45 General Engineering 46 Mechanical Section 47 Building Construction and Design 48 Marine Design and Investigation 48 Small-boat Purchases 48 Mobile Accommodation 48 Forest Service Maintenance Depot 49 Marine Work 49 Prefabrication and Carpentry Shop 49 Machine-shop 49 Transport Pool and Warehouse 49 Engineering Maintenance-shop 50 Radio Section 50 10. Forest Protection Division 52 Weather 52 Fires 52 Occurrence and Causes 52 Cost of Fire-fighting 52 Damage 52 Protection Planning and Research 53 Fire Statistics 53 Visibility Mapping and Lookout Photography 53 10 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Page 10. Forest Protection Division—Continued Protection Planning and Research—Continued Fuel-moisture Indicator Sticks 53 Insect Control 53 Research Projects 53 Fire-suppression Crews 54 Aircraft 55 Roads and Trails 55 Slash Disposal and Snag-falling 55 Prescribed Burning, Interior Districts 56 Fire-law Enforcement 56 Forest Closures 56 11. Forest Service Training-school 57 Extra Courses and Functions 57 Acknowledgments 58 12. Accounting Division 59 Fiscal 59 Administration 60 13. Personnel Division 61 Communications and Training 61 Establishment, Recruitment, and Staff Turnover 62 Classification, Salaries, and Working Conditions 63 14. Personnel Directory, 1965 64 15. Appendix—Tabulated Detailed Statements to Supplement Report of the Forest Service 67 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 CHIEF FORESTER'S REPORT The year 1965 was one of continued progress and achievement in nearly all aspects of forest activity in British Columbia. The total amount of timber scaled in the Province was 1,533,112,794 cubic feet, an increase of more than 18,500,000 cubic feet or 1.2 per cent over the previous record year of 1964. Production value also broke the 1964 record, rising to $980,000,000, an increase of $44,000,000 or 4.7 per cent. An indication of the rate of expansion of the pulp and paper industry was the fact that its production accounted for $20,000,000 of this increase. Forest revenues followed the pattern with a financial return to the Forest Service of $47,558,411 during the calendar year. This all-time high was more than $5,000,000 above the 1964 record. Timber-sale stumpage accounted for 88.4 per cent of the total, while timber royalties, the second highest revenue category, accounted for 5.5 per cent. Progress of the sustained-yield programme is shown by the fact that, at the end of the year, the total area committed under working plans was 79,301,951 acres of productive forest, with a total allowable annual cut of 1,120,433,000 cubic feet, which is the equivalent of 73 per cent of the total Provincial scale for 1965. The allowable annual cut in sustained yield included 100,000,000 cubic feet set up on the basis of a close utilization standard. A considerable amount of work was carried out during the year in the organization and reorganization of various forest areas throughout the Province. Five pulpwood harvesting areas were designated, while four public sustained-yield units were proclaimed and gazetted as pulp harvesting forests. One new tree-farm licence was issued, and three new Taxation Act tree-farms were certified. In addition, 14 public sustained-yield units were reorganized into six larger units. At the end of the year, the number of managed units in the Province totalled 197, including 75 public sustained-yield units, of which 41 are covered by 7 pulp- wood harvesting areas (four formally ratified); 40 tree-farm licences; 31 Taxation Act tree-farms not included within the tree-farm licences; and 51 farm wood-lots. Considerable progress also was made with the programme of intensive inventory of public sustained-yield units. Inclusive of 1964 field work, unit survey work now is available for 37,500,000 acres. A further 21,000,000 acres are covered by maintenance surveys. Growth, loss-factor, and volume studies continued to provide the basic information used in the compilation of inventory and the calculation of allowable cuts. In reforestation, a record 17,809,200 trees were planted by all agencies during the year, and the steadily increasing demand for planting stock has necessitated a continuous expansion of nursery facilities. Continuing research activities at the Forest Service experiment station, in tree breeding and provenance studies, and in nursery plantation studies were carried out in support of the reforestation programme and the general improvement of the forests. 11 12 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES The work of opening up our forests to industrial development continued, with engineering projects in 28 sustained-yield units. The 64 miles of road constructed during the year brought to 919 the miles constructed by the Forest Service since the beginning of its forest-development road programme in 1950, and included 23 bridges. Work also continued on the development of navigation channels and landings within the area to be flooded by the Portage Mountain Dam, and clearing was well advanced on 5,820 acres of waterway by the end of the year. The dry, occasionally windy summer brought a difficult fire season, which resulted in a total of 2,685 fires, a figure well above the 10-year average of 2,106. However, the 307,132 acres of forest cover burned amounted to only 64 per cent of the 10-year average of 479,525. Damage to forest-cover totalled $5,000,000, which was $2,000,000 over the 10-year average, but well below the $8,000,000 damage of 1958 and the $13,- 000,000 damage of 1961. Total use of Crown range again increased, to set a new record in this area of Forest Service responsibility. Altogether, 188,339 cattle were grazing under permit during the year, an increase of nearly 15,000 over 1964. To safely accommodate the increased live-stock numbers, efforts were concentrated on improving management by range-users. Relations between the industry and the Forest Service remained good despite the onerous requirements necessarily imposed on permit-holders under the existing crowded range conditions. Several amendments were made to the Forest Act in 1965. Provision was made to allow application of the cost of timber sales to the timber licence as a whole, or to cutting permits issued pursuant to the licence. Cost of building primary access roads now may be offset against stumpage. Sales of pulp- wood now can be made to other parties under the amendment to section 17a. Section 33 was amended to permit the sale of forest land from pulp harvesting forests. Important changes were made in Parts V and VI, relating to timber leases and special timber licences. The main points of change were: (1) consent to transfer now is required, (2) rental rates were fixed at 50 cents per acre, and (3) a new form of licence or lease document now can be issued by the Minister as the form of a renewal. Section 52 was amended whereby the holder of a lease or licence is no longer considered the owner for the purpose of Part VI. It is no longer necessary to obtain consent from him for a right-of-way across the lease or licence. The rates of royalty on timber berths were amended. A regulation on the definition of pulpwood also was made. Near the close of the year, announcement was made of the adoption of a voluntary close utilization policy, designed to ensure the complete utilization of the forest resource. Effective on January 1, 1966, the policy was adopted following comprehensive discussions between the Forest Service and forest industry. There is general acceptance of the principle of close utilization, but it is anticipated that, because of a variety of local considerations in different areas of the Province, there will be a considerable management work load in the future to bring about successful implementation. It is believed that the introduction of close utilization will be at least as important to the future of British Columbia's forests as was the introduction of the sustained-yield programme. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 13 FOREST SURVEYS AND INVENTORY DIVISION The programme of intensive inventory of public sustained-yield units continued in 1965. Inclusive of 1964 field work, unit survey information is now available for 37,500,000 acres. A further 21,000,000 acres are covered by maintenance surveys. Growth, loss-factor, and volume studies continued. These studies provide the basic information used in the compilation of inventory and the calculation of allowable cuts. The investigation into the application of 70-mm. photography to forest sampling was carried further, and the regeneration survey started in 1964 was completed. A small party was assigned again to a cruising project for the Department of Finance. The continuous staff employed by the Division numbered 140 and included 58 foresters, 12 technical personnel, 55 draughting and clerical staff, and 15 mechanical, warehouse, launch crew, and operations personnel. To supplement the professional and technical staff during the field season, 86 seasonal employees were engaged. Financial assistance for the inventory programme was provided again under the Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement. FIELD PROGRAMME Forest Classification and Sampling During the 1965 field season, forest inventory field work, at the unit survey standard, was completed in the Nazko area and in six public sustained-yield units encompassing an area of 12,500,000 acres. Details of the area involved in each unit are shown in Table B outlining the production of interim base maps for this work. In the course of this work, 2,188 multi-plot samples were established by crews of the Division. An additional 461 such samples were established on tree-farm licence areas by crews of the licensees working in co-operative arrangement with the Division. Though these latter samples may not apply to stands in areas of current field work, they can be used to supplement information on similar forest types in public sustained-yield units. Growth Studies In the 1965 " growth and yield " programme, 90 permanent plots were established in one Interior and three Coast public sustained-yield units. These were distributed as follows: Big Bar, 39; Chilliwack, 21; Harrison, 7; and Yale, 12. Types sampled were: 45 Douglas fir, 25 hemlock, and 20 lodgepole pine. Conditions sampled were: Ages ranging from 30 to 100 years, sites from good to low with the majority in the medium and poor class, and elevations ranging from 500 to 5,100 feet. Production of both zonal and local volume-over-age curves was stepped up during the year to provide current data for recalculation of annual allowable cuts for regulated areas. Since there is a need for empirical yield tables based on this information, tables were produced showing yield and mean annual increment by growth type at two diameter levels. These tables for zones will be published in 1966. Over 40 inquiries and miscellaneous requests for growth information were processed during the year. 14 department of lands, forests, and water resources Loss-factor Studies To complete loss-factor work in the Yale Public Sustained-yield Unit, 2,198 trees were felled and measured on 82 sample plots. Through the addition of information collected in previous studies in the unit, measurements of 2,782 trees now are available to establish local loss factors for this unit. Ten of the 1965 sample plots were double-sampled in connection with the study of 70-mm. helicopter photography. The Division now has measurements of 44,259 felled trees on 509 samples (2,036 plots) in various parts of the Province. Through co-operative loss-factor work by tree-farm licensees, measurements were submitted for 1,386 trees on 16 samples. Local taper curves for hemlock and balsam in the Soo Public Sustained-yield Unit and butt taper tables for commercial Coast tree species were published. Special Field Projects In the vicinity of Hope, 2,490 acres of privately held forest properties were examined on behalf of the Department of Finance for real-property assessment. A regeneration study, undertaken in 1964 to determine the progress of natural restocking on yellow pine-fir sites near Cranbrook, was completed with the examination of a further 27,000 acres of logged or burned areas. A report on this additional area is being prepared for the Reforestation Division. A stand-treatment cruise was completed on the 5,000-acre Rampart Demonstration Forest near Cranbrook, in which a total of 361 fiftieth-acre sample plots were established for volume. The investigation into the application of 70-mm. photography to forest sampling continued. This time a coastal unit, the Yale Public Sustained-yield Unit, was the scene of operations. Again the results of the tests were favourable, showing that the standard error of predicting the height of an individual tree through photo measurement has increased from plus or minus 3 feet to plus or minus 4 feet. In conjuction with photo-sampling projects, a study in the application of this method to measurement of logging waste was conducted. A 10-chain transect was established in a high-lead logged area, and all pieces of material with minimum dimensions of 4 feet in length and a 4-inch top and larger were counted, and dimensions of every fifth piece measured. Results show there is no significant difference between the number of pieces counted on the ground and on the photos, or between ground and photo measurements of piece volume. In co-operation with the Forest Products Laboratory of the Federal Department of Forestry, a similar logging-waste study was conducted near Falkland. Results of this test are still being compiled. Operations Field work in the Hecate and Ootsa units during 1965 necessitated extensive use of water transportation. The launch " Forest Surveyor " with a 60-foot barge served as a floating base for much of the work in the Hecate, and two 17-foot outboard cabin boats and a 14-foot boat with outboard motor were used by field crews working from this base. Much of the Ootsa unit was accessible from the Ootsa flood basin, and here a 23-foot launch, two 17-foot cabin boats, and two jet-powered river boats were used. The jet boats, with reinforced hulls, proved particularly valuable in penetrating offshore snags and debris to enable field crews to get ashore for examination of forest stands. A river boat with outboard motor was used for transportation on the Parsnip River for access to a large area of that unit. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 15 Helicopters were used on all inventory projects for classification work in inaccessible areas and to transport sampling crews to those areas. The loss-factor crews also used helicopter transportation to remote samples. A Bell G3B and two Bell G2 helicopters were employed under contract, while other machines were chartered locally as required. Flying-time on helicopters totalled 1,000 hours. Approximately 150 hours of flying by float-equipped fixed-wing aircraft was carried out to ferry crews and equipment to remote sub-base camps on lakes in several project areas, particularly in the Nazko area west of Quesnel. Liaison was maintained with the Air Division of the Lands Service to obtain air photography coverage for 1966 and 1967 projects. As a result, air photography was completed on an area of 18,540 square miles at a scale of 20 chains to 1 inch, and 9,350 square miles at 40 chains to 1 inch. OFFICE PROGRAMME Forest Mapping Table A outlines the final forest-cover mapping, planimetry and volume estimates completed during 1965, based on the 1964 field projects. Unit survey reports, maps, and map-area and map-volume statements have been issued on all but the southern half of the Hecate Public Sustained-yield Unit. For the latter area, only maps and area statements are now available. On completion, in 1966, of compilation and mapping for the northern half of the Hecate, a unit survey report will be issued for the entire unit. Table A.—Production oj Final Forest-cover Maps jor 1964 Projects Project Z o •rtfi3 JiU o Forest and Non-forest Area in Acres Crown Alienated Total Volume in M Cu. Ft. on Mature Crown Area Blueberry P.S.Y.U Burns Lake P.S.Y.U.. Cranbrook P.S.Y.U- Hecate P.S.Y.U. (south half)... Part of Kitimat T.F.L. reserve.. Okanagan P.S.Y.U Soo P.S.Y.U Totals- 130 70 100 43 25 91 89 548 20 20 20 40 40 20 20 2,748,392 1,125,044 1,826,200 2,188,257 1,459,500 1,327,951 1,514,287 45,327 96,340 243,943 18,931 9,680 536,750 136,733 2,793,719 1,221,384 2,070,148 2,207,188 1,469,180 1,864,701 1,651,060 1,340,4871 1,401,1061 1,264,4881 (2) 1,538,6793 1,204,4201 2,860,7118 12,189,631 1,087,749 13,277,380 P.S.Y.U.=pubIic sustained-yield unit. T.F.L.=tree-farm licence, i Volumes 7.1"-f- d.b.h. close utilization standard less decay. 2 Not yet calculated. 3 Volumes 9.1"+d.b.h. close utilization standard less decay. Table B indicates the extent of base maps prepared for the 1965 field projects. With the exception of the Hecate Public Sustained-yield Unit, these areas were base-mapped from 20-chain to 1-inch air photos flown in 1964. Forest-cover mapping of these projects is now in progress, and maps and reports should be available by the fall of 1966. 16 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Table B.—Production oj Interim Base Maps jor 1965 Field Work Project Number of Maps Scale (Chains to Inch) Total Estimated Acreage Hecate Public Sustained-yield Unit (north half) i~ Nehalliston Public Sustained-yield Unit) Ootsa Public Sustained-yield Unit Parsnip Public Sustained-yield Unit. Upper Kootenay Public Sustained-yield Unit- West Road-Nazko area2 Yalakom Public Sustained-yield Unit- Totals 45 ( + 13) 23 132 76 65 107 86 40 (+20) 20 20 20 20 20 20 2,515,000 385,000 2,810,800 1,487,000 1,413,700 2,036,700 1,850,000 547 12,498,200 i Includes 13 maps at 20-chain scale for part of Skeena Public Sustained-yield Unit. 2 Extension to Narcosli Public Sustained-yield Unit and portion of Chilko Public Sustained-yield Unit. Area and Volume Summaries and Distribution of Information In addition to the planimetry of 13,300,000 acres required for unit survey reports, 86 inventory summaries were completed for Forest Service management planning purposes, and 152 were completed for the Lands Service which involved applications to lease or to purchase. These requests accounted for a total area of 60,000,000 acres and a net timber volume of 81,000,000,000 cubic feet. Sales and distribution of maps and other information increased considerably over the previous year. The material included 20,700 maps, 240 survey reports, 840 volume-over-age curves, and over 8,000 sample volume statements and compartment area sheets. All of the 2,649 Provincial samples established during the 1965 field season have been compiled on the basis of the 1962 Standard Cubic Foot Volume Tables. The Provincial total, 1953 to 1965, inclusive, stands at 30,878 exclusive of permanent growth plots, and prints of any compiled sample statement in cubic feet per acre are available at a nominal charge. The Department of Industrial Development, Trade, and Commerce has recently installed an I.B.M. 1620 computer with two disk drives and on-line printer, plus an I.B.M. 1401 with four tape units and one disk drive. The installation will benefit the Division's data-processing by reducing sorting-time and virtually eliminating card-storage problems. 138° 134° 134° 132" 130° 126° 124° 122° 120° 114° 56° 54° 52° 50° 48° 136° 134° 132° 130° 128° 126° 122° 120° 118° 116° REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 17 FOREST RESEARCH DIVISION A detailed report on the research programme for 1965 will appear in the annual Forest Research Review, compiled at the end of the fiscal year. EXPERIMENT STATION Unusually heavy snowfall occurred last winter, resulting in considerable damage to the clone banks at Cowichan Lake. Seventy-one per cent of the scions grafted in the spring of 1964 were torn off or so severely damaged that they had to be removed. Many of these, however, were salvaged and regrafted. In addition, scions from 32 new trees registered in 1964 were added to the clone banks, which now contain representatives of 457 clones. In the research nursery, 8,500 1+0 seedlings from controlled Douglas fir crosses made in 1963 were transplanted. Thirty-two seed-lots, resulting from 1964 pollinations of seven trees located at Cowichan Lake with pollen from the Interior of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California, produced over 20,600 seedlings in 1965 for transplanting in 1966. One hundred and fifty provenances of white and Engelmann spruce were sown, and detailed assessments of growth behaviour made during the growing season. The physical development of the nursery and clone bank continues. In the nursery, four new coldframes were constructed. An additional 40 acres have been cleared for the clone bank including the splitting and uprooting of old-growth stumps to prevent rootrot (Poria weirii) infecting newly established grafted root- stock. DATA-PROCESSING In the Vancouver Forest District, programmes for scale computing and billing tasks have been adapted for the newly installed I.B.M. 1440 computer. In the research section, the total number of general programmes has been increased to nine, plus eight temporary programmes written for specific application. The data from 21 experiments were evaluated by the Victoria I.B.M. 1620 Model 2. FIELD PROGRAMME Tree Breeding and Provenance Studies Plus-tree selection was continued during the summer to extend the coverage of the range of Douglas fir. Five member companies of the Tree Improvement Board co-operated in financing a selection crew to work with the Research Division. Both crews worked from the launch "B.C. Forester" throughout most of the summer, operating between Kimsquit and Sechelt. Sixty-six new trees were registered as a result of the summer's effort. During November, with the help of Prince Rupert District staff, scions were collected from 24 trees in the Bella Coola area. The seventh Plus Tree Week, organized by the Tree Improvement Board, was held, and nine trees between Hope and Powell River were registered. Considerable progress has been made with intraspecific crosses of Douglas fir. At the nursery stage, north-south wide crosses show up better than east-west crosses. During the winter an X-ray unit was established in Victoria and suitable methods worked out for the assessment of spruce-seed quality by radiography. The Douglas-fir-seed provenance study was held up by a lack of seed in 1965. 18 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Nursery and Plantation Studies Vancouver District A fertilizer experiment at the Duncan B nursery showed that, in the first year, phosphates had a highly beneficial effect upon seedling height and dry weight. Mortality was reduced. Potassium had no detectable effect, and magnesium generally reduced dry weight and increased mortality. In spite of a warm, dry spring, first-season survival and growth were excellent in two experiments comparing several classes of Douglas fir planting stock on a variety of coastal sites. Early differences between age-classes and size grades were negligible, and preliminary results suggest the overriding importance of care in handling and planting stock. Early in June, 18,000 2-month-old Douglas fir seedlings in Vi-inch plastic containers were planted in test plots in co-operation with the Reforestation Board. Aspect and shade factors strongly influenced survival, which varied from 0 to 65 per cent. Prince Rupert District A comprehensive lodgepole pine problem anlaysis was completed to aid in setting up a 10-year research programme dealing with this species. A plantation study to test the relative performance of 2+1 and 3+0 white spruce on brush sites was established. Two spot-seeding studies were initiated, one on a freshly scarified area and the other within a 1965 spring burn. An extensive hemlock planting trial was established in co-operation with Celgar Company Limited (Terrace) to study the interrelations of site, season, stock, planting methods, and edaphic conditions with survival and early development. Prince George District Most of the season was spent on a reconnaissance of the district prior to writing a problem of analysis leading to a long-term programme. Visits were made to Grand Prairie and Hinton, Alberta, to observe regeneration problems. Nine direct-seeding trials of spruce and lodgepole pine were established in cooperation with the district reforestation officer. One spruce spacing plot was established with replications to follow annually. A small spruce provenance trial was planted out. A final report is being written on the influence of time on the effectiveness of scarified seed-beds. It has been noted that the effectiveness of seed-beds decreases with the passage of time after scarification, due mainly to the regrowth of vegetation. Survival on seed-beds scarified and seeded the same year was 64 per cent, while survival on those seeded, one, two, three, and four years after scarification was 43, 39, 35, and 29 per cent respectively. Kamloops District A comprehensive report of plantations in the Kamloops and Nelson Districts has shown a number of factors responsible for low survival in plantations. Animals, bad planting practices, poor-quality stock, soils, and lack of proper site preparation have been a few of the major causes of the low survival. Many plantations, however, have not been adversely affected by these factors, and as a result have been successful. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 19 Nelson District A lodgepole pine thinning study in its 11th year indicates that 80 per cent stand density (1947 yield tables) provides the greatest net increment and the lowest susceptibility to mechanical damages in the East Kootenay. Information obtained from a single, medium hemlock seed crop suggests that (1) no appreciable amount of seed is dispersed farther than 200 feet from the seed source, (2) seed may disseminate farther upslope than downslope on southerly exposures due to mid-afternoon convection currents, and (3) distance of seed dispersal is greater in the fall than in the winter. Participation in the ARDA Programme A part of the ARDA programme in British Columbia is concerned with a soil survey and land-capability rating of an area between Prince George and Quesnel referred to as the Special Sale Area. This is a co-operative project with Provincial and Federal representatives participating. Mapping and rating of the land for forest and agriculture capability is completed, and a land-use report is being prepared. Another part o fthe ARDA programme is concerned with a study of climate as it may affect the use of land for forestry or agriculture. The Research Division is responsible for establishing a network of temporary climatic stations to supplement the existing network, located mainly in urban and agricultural valleys, in order to extend climatic information to less accessible forested regions. For details of research projects active in 1965, and if publications and unpublished reports, see Tables Nos. 11 and 12 in the Appendix. 20 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES REFORESTATION DIVISION FOREST NURSERIES As anticipated, seedling stock in Coastal nurseries was protected by a heavy snow cover during the period of low temperature which occurred early in the year. Late spring frosts caused nominal damage in most nurseries, with Green Timbers reporting heavier than normal losses early in May. At Duncan, where similar temperatures were recorded at that time, damage was prevented by the use of " solid set " irrigation equipment following advance frost warnings. This system of sprinkling enables all nursery bed areas to be irrigated at once and shows great promise in frost-damage control as well as an increase in irrigation efficiency at lower cost. The summer months were warmer and drier than in the previous three years, except for the eastern portion of the Nelson Forest District, where the East Kootenay Nursery reported above average precipitation. Some reduction in the growth of nursery stock resulted from this weather picture, especially where there were shortages of water or breakdowns in irrigation equipment. Normally the proper use of irrigation will offset rainfall deficiencies. The only frost damage reported in the autumn was at Duncan, where irrigation equipment had been removed before the 1—0 stock was completely hardened off. The sowing of 3,781 beds in the spring completed the scheduled programme of 4,439 beds of stock for 1967 and 1968. Germination and subsequent survival of this 1—0 stock was lower than normal. At Duncan B nursery, where poor distribution and colour were noted last year, this same condition appeared. This defect is apparently overcome during the second year since 2—0 stock from the initial sowings at Duncan B has developed very well. A similar condition was noted in the seed-beds at Green Timbers, but its occurrence is only in small and scattered patches. It is worthy of note that most of the Douglas fir grown at both Duncan and Green Timbers has not been shaded, and at Duncan some of the 1—0 beds have been without sideboards as well. To date there have been no detrimental effects from this technique, and there is even some indication that hardier plants are the result. With the promise of adequate frost prevention by irrigation, it is possible that the costly and time-consuming chore of erecting side boards and shade frames may be eliminated from at least some nurseries. In the autumn, 1,199 beds were sown mainly with spruce and hemlock to provide stock for 1968 and 1969 planting. Weeds continued to plague the nursery programme, and weeding costs were higher than normal in most nurseries. A concentrated campaign against this nuisance is a necessity if product'on costs are to be lowered over the long run. Expansion of the various co-operative nurseries continued during 1965. Details can be found in the section entitled " Interdepartmental Rehabilitation and Forestry Programme." Shipments from all nurseries in 1965 were up some 26 per cent over 1964 and established a new record of 18,165,500 trees shipped for field planting. See Table No. 21 in the Appendix. FOREST TREE SEED Cone crops of all species in the Province were reported light to negligible with the exception of ponderosa pine, which throughout its range produced a medium crop. Consequently no major collections of tree seed were undertaken during the year. Small collections were made to fill special demands, and it was during this REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 21 activity that some important experience was acquired relative to the viability of cottonwood seed. The past history of cone crops was reviewed, with the object of studying cone- crop periodicity. While the findings are not conclusive, there is now some reason to believe that collections of Coast Douglas fir during bumper crops should be large enough to provide a 13-year supply of seed. This is especially true of high-elevation provenances. The presence of male and female strobili during the fall at all elevations in Coast Douglas fir indicates a potentially good crop of that species in 1966. A similar crop of flower buds has been reported in Coastal Washington and Oregon. While 14,000 bushels of Douglas fir cones were harvested during the last bumper crop in 1959, only 724 bushels have been gathered since, of which 65 per cent has come from seed-production areas. It is estimated that at the present time 40,000 bushels of Douglas fir cones must be collected to ensure an adequate supply of seed for Crown land in the Vancouver Forest District. Early in the year 650 kilograms of seed were extracted from 2,934 bushels of cones collected from 127 provenances during 1964. Of this, 80 per cent is Douglas fir from the Nelson Forest District. In addition, 105 small research lots were extracted and cleaned. The 1965 collections totalled 30.5 bushels from six provenances, and these cones yielded only 2.96 kilograms of seed. In the seed laboratory, 596 germination tests were carried out, bringing this information up to date for all seed in storage. Almost three-quarters of a ton of seed was weighed out and prepared for sowing in forest nurseries. Seed on hand for all agencies now amounts to 4,116 kilograms or approximately 4V2 tons. The seed situation with regard to high-elevation Coast Douglas fir is critical for certain areas. Supplies of Interior spruce for the Prince Rupert Forest District are seriously low. On the Coast, seed-production areas received routine fertilization applications again in 1965. Results from the 1964 fertilization programme were disappointing as, although heavy flower crops were produced, a cone crop did not materialize. In most cases the flowers aborted before bud-break. Since 1959, Coast production areas have yielded 130 pounds of Douglas fir seed. There are now 10 such areas, totalling 44 acres. In the Interior, seed-production areas to date have generally failed to produce seed. Of the 15 plots now established, 9 are in spruce, 5 in Douglas fir, and 1 in larch. Not as much is known about the timing of fertilization in regard to reproductive-bud initiation of spruce as is known for Douglas fir. However, in 1965 some evidence was obtained indicating that flower buds in spruce may be differentiated much later than in Douglas fir. The only success in the Interior has been with two Douglas fir plots in the Kamloops Forest District. No spruce plots have yet produced artificially stimulated cone crops. Grafting of plus-tree material in the Campbell River seed orchard continued in 1965 with 1,435 ramets being established in Field No. 2. Initial survival at the end of the first growing season was 93 per cent, but heavy snowfall in the late autumn caused an estimated 68 per cent loss due to breakage. Similar losses due to weather conditions have occurred for the last three years. In Field No. 1, the 922 ramets now established constitute the survivors of 1963 and 1964 grafting and represent a survival rate of 49 per cent. In addition to the grafting carried out in the orchard, an additional 274 spare ramets were established at Campbell River and 442 more were grafted to rootstock in the Duncan clone bank. The seed orchard was sown to grass in an effort to keep weeds to a minimum. Routine 22 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES cleaning, cultivation, and pruning were carried out. The data-recording system for the orchard was revised toward more accurate and efficient analysis of the information obtained. RECONNAISSANCE AND SURVEY WORK No formal regeneration surveys were carried out on the Coast during the year. However, reforestation crews assessed some 38,200 acres of cut-over and slash- burned sites in all Ranger districts. The object of this assessment was not only to locate plantable area for 1966, but also to establish some relationship between logging, burning, and plantability on which to base future reforestation planning in the Vancouver Forest District. During the years 1962 to 1964, an average of 40,200 acres of Crown land was logged annually; of this, an average of 22,100 acres was broadcast-burned, providing about 16,500 acres of plantable site each year. The current backlog of such burned and plantable site was found to be 16,000 acres, which, with an estimated 31,000 acres burned in the fall of 1965 and considered plantable, brings the Crown area to be planted in the Vancouver Forest District to 47,000 acres. Forest Surveys and Inventory Division crews completed a study in the ponderosa pine zone of the East Kootenay on the progress of natural regeneration on lands previously classified as not sufficiently restocked. This study now has covered 150,000 acres, and a complete report is expected early in 1966. These crews also carried out a stand-treatment survey and detailed inventory of the 5,000- acre rampart demonstration area (Pasture Development No. 5). A comprehensive re-examination of plantations in the East Kootenay was carried out in co-operation with Research Division. The object of this study was to assess plantation success in regard to the many factors which influence seedling survival and development so as to provide some insight for future planning. A similar project was completed in the Kamloops Forest District in 1964. The information from both areas is presently being assimilated into one complete report, the contents of which will be applicable to the Southern Interior in general. PLANTING Owing to heavy winter snow and the long drawn-out spring, planting crews throughout the Province were almost two weeks late in getting started in 1965, and some projects eventually were cancelled because of persisting snow cover. Once planting was under way, conditions remained excellent, except in the Northern interior, where continual warm weather in May and June finally forced suspension of several projects. Fall planting operations were carried out in three of the five forest districts. On the Coast, some projects were delayed or cancelled because access roads were washed out by heavy rains. In the Interior, two projects were snowed out during the third week of October. The demands of dam construction, pondage clearing, highway relocation, and construction projects are beginning to create a shortage of suitable labour for planting in some parts of the Province. Nevertheless, the total planting effort in 1965 set a new mark of 17,809,200 trees, of which 36 per cent was planted by the Forest Service on Crown land. Native Indians continue to be the backbone of this programme in some districts. Interior planting amounted to 2,481,200 trees, and it is noteworthy that the 10 millionth Interior tree was planted in the autumn. See Table No. 22 in the Appendix. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 23 Experimental plantings of Douglas fir in the Kamloops Forest District continued to investigate the effects of aspect and slope on seedling survival. Survival examinations carried out two years after planting continue to substantiate the superior survival of spring planting in comparison with fall planting. Average survival of eight 1963 spring plantations was 88 per cent and ranged from 59 to 98 per cent. In contrast, average survival on 13 plantations established during the fall of that year was only 30.4 per cent. The long-term average survival for fall plantations is approximately 65 per cent. The poor survival for 1963 fall plantations is believed to be at least partly due to the winter weather pattern. A warm autumn at nursery elevations delayed hardening off, and early shipments of stock reached high-elevation planting-sites in less than prime condition. Much of this stock was also poorly balanced, having been the first crop from a new field in the Chilliwack Valley. Subsequent to planting, a fairly prolonged period of clear cold weather with predominently north winds occurred before any snow fell on the hills. The 50-acre plantation which was completely killed was located at over 3,000 feet in elevation in a Mainland valley oriented in a north-south direction and therefore exposed to the full sweep of freezing winds. This, coupled with the bare, frozen ground, could have completely dessicated the newly planted seedlings. The best survival of 79 per cent was secured on an area at 1,000 feet in elevation on Vancouver Island. The implications regarding planting high-elevation exposed sites on the Mainland are obvious. However, many of these sites are often snowbound until late in the spring, and delaying planting until late May or June can often be dangerous. PERMANENT IMPROVEMENTS Following the spring lifting of stock from Field No. 6 at the Green Timbers nursery, 6,000 feet of drain tile and a new water main for irrigation were installed. The drainage and irrigation systems on all fields at this nursery now are complete. A new office building also was constructed on the site formerly occupied by the old office, which was condemned and demolished late in 1964. The parking area was paved in conjunction with this improvement. Increased production of stock here and in the Chilliwack nurseries necessitated the construction of a new storage unit, which doubled the cold-storage capacity at Green Timbers. At the Duncan nursery, a water main was installed to service the area to be sown in 1966. Here also, increased tree-storage facilities are required, and a start was made on a new unit in the fall. In anticipation of a large cone crop in 1966, improvements were carried out in the seed-extraction plant to permit a production rate of 300 bushels per day, rather than 250 bushels per day as in the past. CO-OPERATION There now is a wide variety of agencies involved in reforestation activities, and all have problems, many of which are common to some or all groups. For this reason, extensive co-operation in assessing and working on common problems is necessary. Since the Reforestation Division is largely responsible for the control of seed and the production of planting stock, its staff is involved in many co-operative activities. Participation in the Tree Improvement Board meetings and field trips continued in 1965. Reforestation staff conducted a two-day grafting course at Duncan in the spring. Experimental fertilization of young stands to acquire some knowledge of growth response was carried out in co-operation with the Federal Department of Forestry. 24 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES A growing awareness of reforestation problems prompted the Interior tree- farm foresters to devote their spring meeting to this subject. Their deliberations resulted in the establishment of a reforestation sub-committee, which immediately initiated a long-term planting experiment in which the Reforestation Division is co-operating actively. Stand-improvement treatment by Grazing and Reforestation crews was applied to 60 acres of overstocked and stagnant Ponderosa pine within Pasture Development No. 5. The area treated now totals 915 acres. On the Coast, Division snag-fallers cleared 1,792 acres of dead standing timber, including 405 acres felled in co-operation with industry. Interdepartmental Rehabilitation and Forestry Programme The forestry camp programme operated jointly by the Department of the Attorney-General and the Forest Service, continued to expand in all phases. Heavy snow over the winter and restrictions during the fire season hampered work crews in some instances, but, in general, the year was very productive. In the Chilliwack Sustained-yield Unit, inmate crews maintained or assisted in the construction of 8 miles of road. They also carried out the cleaning, weeding, and clearing of 120 acres of brushed-in forest land, of which there are several thousand acres in the valley. This is a continuing project which also provides much of the camp fuel-wood. The Thurston Camp sawmill converted 222,000 board-feet of logs into lumber for new camp construction and inmate projects. The supply of suitable log material continues to be a problem. Present sources are from salvage operations along the main road, a large log jam in the Chilliwack River, and the clean-up of a blow-down area caused by hurricane " Frieda " on Vedder Mountain. Spring lifting operations in the Chilliwack nurseries were delayed by a late spring, and an all-out effort was made to meet the demand for trees by planting crews. Inmate crews planted 80,000 trees on logged and burned sites and in rehabilitated brush areas. Inmate fire-suppression crews, trained by the Forest Service, took action on four fires. Work crews operating out of Haney Correctional Institute assisted in the construction of 3 miles of road and erected two small bridges. Inmate silvicultural crews cleaned, weeded, and pruned 250 acres of immature forest, and cleared and burned the 5-acre site for the new transplant nursery. This field was subsequently tiled and cultivated. Although no men were used directly on fire suppression, one crew constructed 7 miles of trail and two helispots in connection with a fire near Stave Lake. Arrangements were completed to salvage all merchantable log material from Alouette Lake. This should satisfy the log demand for the institution for several years. In the Sayward Forest, the Snowdon and Lakeview Camp fire-suppression crews took action on 11 fires and spent a total of 640 man-hours manning secondary lookouts. Work crews carried out routine maintenance on 17 miles of road and constructed Vi mile of first-class trail. At the Snowdon nursery, 400,000 transplant trees were lined out, and 40 seed-beds erected and sown in the spring. A complete irrigation system was installed. During the summer, 6 acres of adjacent land were cleared and prepared to receive seedlings, and the entire area was fenced. Thinning and pruning of 140 acres of early plantation were carried out near the John Hart Dam and at Mud Lake. Inmates of the Rayleigh Gaol near Kamloops set out 260,000 transplant trees in the nursery field during the spring and installed an irrigation system. In the fall 234 seed-beds were erected and sown under the direction of the Reforestation Division. Conversion of an old munitions blockhouse into a cold-storage unit com- REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 25 menced in the autumn. During the spring and fall, work crews thinned and cleaned up 35 acres of deciduous non-commercial tree cover, and burned the debris. Twenty acres of this were planted subsequently. In all, 35,000 trees were planted on three projects. The Rayleigh fire-suppression crew took part in eight fires during the year. Miscellaneous work projects were the manufacture of 800 small signs and the chemical treatment of 1,800 cedar posts. In the Prince George District, inmate crews continued to work on the Hutda Lake camp-site and stockpiled merchantable timber. The boundaries of this reserve were surveyed by the Forest Service. Field projects carried out in the autumn by crews from the Prince George Gaol included the planting of 75 acres, assistance in a prescribed slash-burn, and routine maintenance of the Hixon Seed Production Area. There was a noticeable improvement in the work habits of forestry camp crews during the year. This is attributed to the attitude of officers in charge of work parties, and to the training given the officers. Highlight of the year's programme was the success of inmate fire-suppression crews, which won praise from both the public and the Forest Service. The four co-operative nurseries operating under the rehabilitation programme during the year shipped out a total of 1,332,000 trees for field planting. There are approximately 550 inmates available for forestry projects throughout the Province. In some instances the scope of the programme is limited by the travel distance from respective camps. District and headquarters organization is operating smoothly with increasing emphasis on field liaison. The midsummer meeting of the co-ordinating committee, held in the Chilliwack Valley, proved to be a pleasant departure from headquarters meetings and gave members an opportunity of inspecting progress in the field. 26 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES WORKING PLANS DIVISION Six public hearings held during the year by the Honourable the Minister of Lands, Forests, and Water Resources, under authority of sections 17a and 36 of the Forest Act, involved the Working Plans Division in assessing essential information, acknowledging and summarizing briefs, and preparing display maps. Following the hearings, copies of the decisions were sent to all interested parties. In addition, the regular activities of sustained-yield planning were continued by the Division. Four pulp harvesting forests were proclaimed in 1965. The fourth pulpwood harvesting area agreement was signed, formally granting to Bulkley Valley Pulp and Timber Limited an option to purchase pulpwood from four public sustained-yield units. Three other pulpwood harvesting areas covering a total of 10 public sustained-yield units were designated, but no formal agreement had been signed by the end of the year. These were in the interest of Cariboo Pulp and Paper Company Limited, United Pulp Company Limited, and Intercontinental Pulp and Paper Company Limited. Fourteen public sustained- yield units and the unregulated areas between them were reorganized into larger units, reducing the total within the Province to 75. One new tree-farm licence was issued, and one tree-farm licence reserve was transferred to a new applicant. Three new Taxation Act tree-farms were certified. One new farm wood-lot was issued but five were cancelled. At the end of the year, the number of managed units in the Province totalled 197, including 75 public sustained-yield units, of which 41 are covered by 7 pulpwood harvesting areas (4 normally ratified); 40 tree-farm licences; 31 Taxation Act tree-farms not included within the tree-farm licences; and 51 farm wood-lots. The total area committed under working plans amounts to 79,301,951 acres of productive forest, with a total allowable annual cut of 1,120,433,000 cubic feet. This is equivalent to 73 per cent of the total Provincial scale for 1965. The allowable annual cut includes 100,000,000 cubic feet set up on the basis of a close utilization standard. The following table lists the forms of forest units committed to sustained-yield management and having working plans:— Progress oj Sustained-yield Progra mme to 1965 Number of Units Productive Area (Acres) Allowable Annual Cut (M Cu. Ft.) Type of Managed Unit Sawlog Utilization Close Utilization Total Public sustained-yield units— 41 33 1 32,486,969 32,144,828 5,150,147 255,140 328,825 255,140 Outside pulpwood harvesting areas— 100,000 328,825 100,000 Total public sustained-yield units 75 40 31 51 69,781,944 8,796,577 709,452 13,978 583,965 100,000 683,965 400,387 Tree-farms (excluding those in tree-farm 35,754 327 Totals — 197 79,301,951 583,965 100,000 1,120,433 PULPWOOD HARVESTING AREAS The option agreement for Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 4 was ratified formally by Bulkley Valley Pulp and Timber Limited and the Honourable the Minister REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 27 of Lands, Forests, and Water Resources on July 14, 1965. Included are Babine, Burns Lake, Morice, and Smithers Public Sustained-yield Units. The decision of the Honourable the Minister of March 17, 1965, designated: (a) the area including the Cottonwood, Narcosli, and Quesnel Lake Public Sustained- yield Units to be Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 5; (b) the area including the Big Bar, Lac la Hache, Stum, Williams Lake, and Yalakom Public Sustained-yield Units to be Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 6; and (c) the area including the Peace and Takla Public Sustained-yield Units to be Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 7. His decision of May 3, 1965, designated: (a) the area including the Creston, Cranbrook, and Fernie Public Sustained-yield Units to be Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 8 and (b) the area including the Kinbasket, Upper Kootenay, and Windermere Public Sustained-yield Units to be Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 9. On evidence that proper financing could be arranged, it was proposed to grant an option to purchase the pulpwood from: (a) Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 5 to Cariboo Pulp and Paper Company Limited; (b) Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 6 to United Pulp Company Limited; (c) Pulpwood Harvesting Area No. 7 to Intercontinental Pulp Company Limited; and (d) Pulpwood Harvesting Area Nos. 8 and 9 to the successful bidder from among Canal Development Limited, Kicking Horse Forest Products Limited, and Crow's Nest Pass Coal Company Limited. These agreements had not been formally ratified by the year's end; in fact, the latter-mentioned auction was cancelled owing to what was considered irrational bidding. Industry continued to study other Provincial areas as proposed pulpwood harvesting areas. The pulp and paper industry boom continued in 1965. Here, construction nears completion at the mill-site of Prince George Pulp and Paper Limited. At left are stockpiles of pulp-logs and chips. Mill was scheduled to be in operation in mid-1966. 28 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES PULP HARVESTING FORESTS During the year, four public sustained-yield units were proclaimed and gazetted as forest reserves to be known as pulp harvesting forests. These became the West- lake, Naver, Big Valley, and Crooked River Pulp Harvesting Forests. New legislation provided for the lease or sale of lands for other use within these particular forest reserves on the recommendation of the Chief Forester. Work is continuing to have reserved as pulp harvesting forests the remaining public sustained-yield units within pulpwood harvesting areas. OTHER PUBLIC SUSTAINED-YIELD UNITS Fourteen public sustained-yield units were reorganized into six larger units, which, with one exception, also were given new names. In the Kamloops Forest District, the Stum, Taseko, and Tatla units were reorganized into two units named the Chilko and Stum Public Sustained-yield Units. In the Vancouver Forest District, only the Soo Public Sustained-yield Unit remained unaltered. The other 11 units were reorganized into the Dewdney, Kingcome, Nootka, and Quadra Public Sustained-yield Units. TREE-FARM LICENCES The contract for Tree-farm Licence No. 40 was signed formally on February 5, 1965, granting to Skeena Kraft Limited the privilege of managing 1,410,299 acres of Crown productive forest land under sustained yield for 21 years. MacMillan, Bloedel and Powell River Limited withdrew its interest in an area reserved for it, and, after holding a public hearing in August at Kitimat, the Honourable the Minister, in his decision of October 7, 1965, designated the same area to be reserved in the interest of Eurocan Pulp and Paper Company Limited. Tree-farm Licences Nos. 29 and 34 were enlarged by the addition of the Upper Seebach Creek areas reserved in their interests. Preliminary steps were taken to combine Tree-farm Licences Nos. 30, 31, and 34 into one licence, but this had not been formally ratified at the year's end. In his decision of September 27, 1965, resulting from the public hearing held in August at Victoria, the Honourable the Minister, in order to consolidate and improve operational procedure, designated certain areas to be reserved for addition to Tree-farm Licence No. 19. CERTIFIED TREE-FARMS Three new tree-farms were certified, bringing to 45 the number of tree-farms under the Taxation Act. Fourteen of these, with a productive area of 306,167 acres and a total annual allowable cut of 14,484,000 cubic feet, are managed as portions of tree-farm licences. The tree-farms not included within tree-farm licences total 31 and have a productive acreage of 709,452 with a total annual allowable cut of 35,754,000 cubic feet, plus 393,740 Christmas trees. FARM WOOD-LOT LICENCES One new farm wood-lot which was nearing completion in 1964 was issued, but again other commitments did not allow time to process the many applications on hand for farm wood-lots. Owing chiefly to change in ownership of the farms, five farm wood-lots were cancelled. The 51 farm wood-lots have a productive acreage of 13,978 acres and an allowable annual cut of 326,900 cubic feet. For basic data on sustained-yield units, see Tables Nos. 31, 32, and 33 in the Appendix. 136° 132° 130° 128° 126" 124° 120° 116° 114° 112° 110° 54' 50" PUBLIC SUSTAINED YIELD UNITS (P.S.Y.U.'s) I Inside Pulpwood Harvesting Areas I I P.H.A. PSYU- NO . 1 9. Big Valley 15. Carp 20. Crooked River NO. 2 1. Adams 5. Barriere 6. Barton Hill 11. Botanie 23. Eagle NO, 3 12. Bowron 34. Longworth NO 4 4. Babine 13. Burns Lake NO 5 17. Cottonwood NO 6 8. Big Bar 32. Lac la Hache NO 7 50. Peace P.S.Y.U.'s 2. Arrowhead 3. Ashnola 7. Bell- Irving 10. Blueberry 14. Canoe 16. Chilko 18. Cranbrook 19. Creston 21. Dean 22. Dewdney 24. Edgewood 25. Fernie 40. Naver 41. Nechako 49. Parsnip 42. Nehalliston 43. Nicola 44. Niskonlith 46. North Thompson 36. Monkman 51. Purden 68. Stum 72, Williams Lake 69. Takla 67. Stuart Lake 71. Westlake 73. Willow River 55. Haft 59. Salmon Arm 60. Shu swap 66. Spallumclieen 57, Robson 64. Smithers 54. Quesnel Lake 75. Yalakom Outside Pulpwood Harvesting Areas 26. Finlay 27. Granby 28. Hecate 29. Kettle 30. Kinbasket 31. Kingcome 33. Lardeau 35. Moberly 38. Nakusp 45. Nootka 47, Okanagan 48. Ootsa 52. Quadra 53. Queen Charlotte 56. Rivers Inlet 58. Salmo 61. Similkameen 62. Skeena 63. Slocan 65. Soo 70. Upper Kootenay 74. Windermere Dundosl( RESERVED AWARDED OTHER PUBLIC UNITS Special Sale Area (O-I-C 2811/62) WWII Kamloops Region \\/$W TREE FARM LICENCES ^ Eurocan Pulp and Paper Co, Ltd. BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES HONOURABLE R. G. WILLISTON, MINISTER Scale 0 40 80 Iff) 160 MILES 40 30 20 10 STATUS OF SUSTAINED-YIELD FORESTRY PROGRAMME AS AT DECEMBER 31, 1965 58° 56° 54° 8 PRINCE MJPERT^ 21. MacMillan, Bloedel & Powell River Industries Ltd. 22. British Columbia Forest Products Limited 23. Celgar Limited 24. Rayonier Canada (B. C.) Limited 25. Rayonier Canada (B. C, ) Limited 26. The Corporation of the District of Mission 27. British Columbia Forest Products Limited 28. Shelley Development Limited 29. Eagle Lake Sawmills Limited 30. Sinclair Spruce Lumber Company Ltd. 31. Upper Fraser Spruce Mills Limited 32. Vernon Box &c Pine Lumber Co. Ltd. 33. Shuswap Timbers Ltd. 34. Church Sawmill Limited 35. B. C. Interior Sawmills Ltd. 36. F. & R. Logging Co. Ltd. 37. Canadian Forest Products Ltd. 38. Empire Mills Limited 39. MacMillan, Bloedel and Powell River Limited 40. Skeena Kraft Limited 52° QUEEN CHARLOTTE SOUND CapeC 48° 136° 134° 132° 130° 128° 126' 122° 120° 116° REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 29 PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION DIVISION The year 1965 was, viewed in its broad general aspect, a year of normal activity without any dominating or salient events. It was a year of expanding activity, particularly in the press relations field. Stress in this area was offset to some extent by the establishment of a specific sub-unit directed toward this area of operations. Although this Division's activities were directed, in the main, toward the public within the Provincial sphere, it is of some interest to know that Forest Service exhibits reached into far wider spheres. One exhibit was put on show in Warsaw, Poland; another in London, England. Films and exhibits should, in fact, be considered among the better ambassadors of the Forest Service. Requests for film loans were made from places such as Spain and from the emerging nations of Africa. Forest service exhibits are appearing in increasing numbers in smaller communities across the Province. Their appearance in local fairs is usually the result of some enthusiastic co-operation upon the part of the local Ranger. They provide a valuable contribution to the Service. COMMUNICATIONS MEDIA Press and Periodicals Press coverage of forestry activity reached its peak during July and August. Submissions from the press clipping service indicated that British Columbia newspapers during those months devoted at least 350,000 words to the subject, not including such items as union activity. The majority of stories dealt with forest fires and were based on information, both written and verbal, provided by the Public Information and Education Division, and on reports from the forest districts and industry. An active fire-prevention press campaign was carried on in conjunction with the issuing of routine fire reports. Throughout the year, press releases and special articles were prepared by the Division for newspapers and trade publications. Expansion of the pulp and paper industry was the object of considerable press interest, and information was provided for publications in Eastern Canada as well as British Columbia. Other written material was prepared for special events, including National Forest Products Week, and for annual publications such as the first edition of a new British Columbia forest industry year book. Information also was provided to meet encyclopaedic requirements, and those of other Provincial Government departments and of individual writers preparing articles on forestry. In addition to the provision of information for the press and periodicals, the Division was responsible for the editing of all Forest Service publications, including the Annual Report, the Research Review, Forest Management Notes, and Protection Bulletins. A considerable amount of time was devoted to research and the preparation of notes for speeches on Forest Service policies and activities which were given during the year to forest-industry conferences and conventions and to meetings of other interested business groups. Publications and Printing Printing and publishing remained one of the Division's most important duties. The year brought an unusually high interest in the work of the Forest Service, reflected in an increased demand for explanatory material for news releases, but 30 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES above all for printed material. The contributing factors behind this interest were a severe fire season, a new school course (Business 11), the continuing expansion of the forest industrial complex, and the announcement of new policies, particularly that on close utilization. Demands of a general nature were met by the issue of a special edition of the British Columbia Government News, dedicated to the work of the Forest Service (April 1965, Vol. 3, No. 1). This issue was widely distributed, and an effort was made to place copies in all schools. It still is being passed in considerable quantities to libraries, clubs, and to individuals, and it is planned to reissue the edition in booklet form. Only one other publication may be described as actually new and was published in 1965. This was the prospectus for the Forest Service training-school. The series carried under the Protection Bulletin headings has been revived and Nos. 1 and 2 issued as in-service training publications. Such standard works as the Annual Report, the Research Reviews, and Management Notes were processed as usual. Again 60,000 scribblers were distributed to school-children across the Province. Radio and Television The severe 1965 fire season resulted in more than normal use being made of all news media. Radio and television played a major role in disseminating accurate information on the many facets associated with the season. Reports received from the field staff indicated that radio was used with extremely favourable results, both through the paid advertising campaign and through the public service announcements provided free of charge by the various stations. The paid advertising campaign, carried on all 30 radio stations in the Province, resulted in the broadcast of more than 3,700 30-second announcements. It is estimated that free announcements and news broadcasts accounted for an additional 6,000 announcements. The successful use of prepared taped messages was continued. Specially written hazard flashes were available when required. During the year, radio advertising proved itself an extremely flexible, adaptable, and fast medium with which to meet Forest Service needs. Paid television advertising was restricted to a series of 20-second flashes carried over the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's Provincial network. Again the public service announcements provided by the C.B.C. and other television outlets in the Province were greatly appreciated by all field personnel. Although there is no doubt that greater use should be made of this medium, limited funds and personnel have prevented the Division from taking advantage of the benefits available. Divisional personnel participated in numerous special-event and public service programmes on radio and television. Similar services were performed by district officers as required. POSTERS AND SIGNS The use of posters to project Forest Service protection and management information was carefully scrutinized during the year. After consideration it was agreed to continue with the use of posters but to introduce one new design each year until all posters have been up-dated. The new design to be circulated during 1966 will deal with the high fire occurrence attributed to children playing with matches. During the year, 11,000 posters, made up in 17 designs, were distributed. In addition, more than 10,000 miniature hazard-rating signs were issued. Introduction of the miniature hazard-rating sign for use in vehicles has met with outstanding success. The general public and many industrial organizations have accepted this REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 31 success. The general public and many industrial organizations have accepted this constant reminder of the fire hazard. A further indication of the success of the sign is its adoption by a number of other Provinces and by several States in the United States. Forest Service sign requirements have shown a marked increase during recent years, and it has been difficult to meet all demands. After a general review of the sign programme, it was agreed to continue to maintain the seven standard Forest Service signs. All signs will be produced by the Forest Service Maintenance Depot under direction of the Division. In addition, use of the " Keep B.C. Green—Use Your Ashtray " sign was continued for the 12th consecutive year. Numerous innovations have been introduced in an attempt to increase public interest in this programme. During the year, 32 new signs were painted and 77 repainted, bringing the total number of signs on Provincial highways to 109. EXHIBITS The concentrated efforts made to draw visitors and conventions to the Province have resulted in an increasing number of requests being made for Forest Service participation in conferences, fairs, and exhibitions. One new exhibit was constructed, and this, together with three portable displays, was entered in three major forestry conferences, three parent-teacher conventions, and six major exhibitions. The permanent display in the Pacific National Exhibition was viewed by an estimated audience of 800,000. In co-operation with the forest industry, the Division participated in many events associated with National Forest Products Week and National Conservation Week. PHOTOGRAPHY Still Photography Print production in 1965 totalled 12,132, an increase over the previous year and an all-time record. The staff took 484 large format negatives, 185 of these being colour, and 148 rolls of film. The photographic library added 324 black-and-white and 142 colour negatives. Proof prints were made of these and supplied to the various forest district headquarters. A total of 1,352 negatives was added to the files by the Engineering Services Division. Increased use was again noted of the 35-mm. slide library, to which 208 slides were added. Numerous duplicate slides were supplied, or originals loaned, to many sources, including the British Columbia Institute of Technology, which borrowed 350 slides and duplicated many of them for future use. The Institute also was supplied with 284 8-by-10-inch glossy black-and-white photographs from a wide selection of file prints for use in its forestry courses. As well as supplying black-and-white prints to the Province's news media and trade publications, black-and-white prints, colour prints, and 35-mm. slides were sent to an increasing number of users. Some of these users were: Federal Department of Forestry (library stock shots and colour brochure photographs); Mitchell Press Limited for forestry year book; Canadian Council of Resource Ministers; Universities of British Columbia, Toronto, and Pennsylvania; National Film Board; Toronto Star Weekly; Seattle Sunday Times; Macmillan Company of Canada Limited (school book department); Business and Financial Chronicle; New Scientist; and individuals from Austria to Australia. 32 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES A photographic assignment was undertaken in the early summer to supply colour photographs to the Corrections Branch of the Attorney-General's Department for use in its permanent exhibit at the Pacific National Exhibition. Coverage was given, in both black-and-white and colour, of the planting of 1,000,000 trees by British Columbia Forest Products Ltd. planter, and special photographs were taken for the Forest Service training-school brochure. During the early part of the year the senior staff member of the photographic section attended a course in photo-micrography held by the Federal Department of Forestry at Victoria. The co-operation of Kamloops and Nelson Forest Districts was sought in obtaining selected colour slides to illustrate a lecture. This project was so successful that similar co-operation throughout the Province will be considered in the future. Motion-picture Photography In the motion-picture field the Division's film " Man on the Mountain Top " was completed and added to the film library. This film has been selected as one of four to represent Canada at the Madrid Forestry Film Festival, to be held during the 1966 World Forestry Conference. Work was started on a new film production on forest access and is scheduled for completion in 1966. This film will deal with access for protection and management purposes, as well as harvest. So far, footage has been shot mainly in the Gold River and Peace River pondage areas. Stock shots have been loaned to various users, including British Columbia Television Broadcasting System Limited, Fortune Films, the National Film Board, and the Department of Industrial Development, Trade, and Commerce. X-RAY The photographic laboratory undertook the processing of X-rays for the Research Division. A total of 407 sheets was processed. Colour Printing During the year a colour-printing processing unit was purchased, enabling the laboratory to produce Ektacolor prints up to 11- by 14-inch size economically. After familiarization tests, the unit was put into production in December and a small number of 8- by 10-inch prints was run off to meet existing requirements. Film Library An increase in loans to 535 in 1965 from 483 the previous year resulted in a total audience of 112,638, compared to 107,006 in 1964. The gain in the number of adult and child viewers was indicative of a more selective type of audience than in the past. District staffs, universities, technical schools, service clubs, and secondary and elementary schools were making much more use of the films available. Forest Service productions on loan to British Columbia House, London, showed an increased use by adult organizations and schools. Difficulty was experienced in finding appropriate subjects for inclusion in the library. Of the 39 previewed during the year, only eight were found suitable. See Table No. 41 in the Appendix. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 33 SCHOOL LECTURE PROGRAMME The school lecture programme for 1965 showed some improvement over the previous year with the advent of a new full-time lecturer. Fifty-six schools in the Vancouver, Kamloops, and Prince George Forest Districts were visited. In addition, some 50 lectures were given to organizations other than schools. See Table No. 42 in the Appendix. LIBRARY Interlibrary loans, which were researched and completed by the staff, reached an all-time high of 206, necessitating the use of many libraries in Canada and the United States. It also has been most apparent that more and more use is being made of the literature available in the library. The library is growing rapidly and has almost reached its maximum area expansion in its present quarters. There appears to be only enough shelf space to meet additions for one more year. The Forest Service library staff would like to express its appreciation to the library staffs of the Provincial Library, the University of Victoria, the Canada Department of Forestry, and the Federal Department of Agriculture Research Branch at Saanichton for their splendid co-operation. 34 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES FOREST MANAGEMENT DIVISION All forest districts reported very good logging conditions during 1965, and this, together with continued firm market prices, set the stage for yet another record production year. The total scale for all products from all lands was 1,533,112,794 cubic feet. This represented a net increase of 18,517,618 cubic feet or 1.2 per cent. It is interesting to note that the combined production from the Vancouver Forest District and the Coast region of the Prince Rupert District showed sufficient increase (3.6 per cent) to carry an over-all decrease (1.7 per cent) in the Interior of the Province. On the other hand, while three of the Interior districts recorded a drop in production, Prince George experienced a new record high for the fourth consecutive year. With the introduction of sustained yield to Crown lands, it was predicted that the number of sales awarded would fall off. However, it was not until 1965 that this prediction began to prove itself when the number of sales awarded dropped from 2,281 to 1,614. With a drop in the number of sales, it was also expected that the acreage per sale would increase. This has not proved out yet, and in fact the average size of awarded sale dropped in 1965. Another predicted result of sustained yield was that the number of sawmills would drop as industry consolidated, but the capacity would increase. There has been a steady decline in the numbers, from 2,435 mills in 1956 to 1,191 in 1965. However, the average 8-hour capacity has risen from 12,000 board-feet to 23,000 board-feet. The volume of logs exported from the Province increased 10 per cent to 58,608,- 824 f.b.m., but was still very much lower than for the years 1961 and 1963. As stated last year, it is felt that this is due to the increased demand for pulp material within the Province. This same demand is also reflected in the volume of wood removed under relogging. In 1963 the volume of wood salvaged on the Coast was 3,217 M cubic feet. In 1964 it was 5,224 M cubic feet, and in 1965 it rose to 6,987 M cubic feet. PEACE RIVER FLOOD BASIN All merchantable timber in the flood basin, with the exception of that in the most northerly and most inaccessible portion, has been sold under timber-sale contract. Operations in the Finlay-Parsnip area did not reach the level hoped for, due in part to the uncertainty of the eventual award of one of the timber harvesting licences in the Finlay Sustained-yield Unit and then to the time required to construct sawmills and get operations organized. All signs point to high production in 1966. The total acreage sold to date stands at 85,265, with a total volume of 127,936,- 000 cubic feet. The total scaled volume to date is 26,415,000 cubic feet. COLUMBIA FLOOD BASIN As was reported previously, all merchantable timber to be flooded by the Mica Dam has been sold under timber-sale contract. Operations progressed during 1965, and the total volume removed and scaled during the year was 4,402,000 cubic feet. Logging of timber to be flooded by the Duncan Dam also progressed during 1965. Total volume of flood timber logged during the year was 553,000 cubic feet. The programme started in 1964 of selling timber to be flooded by the High Arrow Dam continued throughout 1965, and a volume of 705,000 cubic feet was scaled. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 SPRUCE BARK BEETLE 35 The spruce bark beetle infestation that the Prince George Forest District experienced during 1963 and 1964 abated to a considerable degree in 1965. Surveys of attack areas indicated light attacks in 1965, and new attacks were mainly extensions of existing attacked areas. DOUGLAS FIR BARK BEETLE It was reported that mortality of over-wintering broods of the Douglas fir bark beetle in sample trees in the Cariboo was 35 per cent. This unusually heavy mortality may have been an important factor in the reduced number of trees attacked in 1965. Nevertheless, beetle kill still poses a serious threat, and everything is being done to sell attacked stands and to include conditions in all contracts within the general beetle attack area to reduce breeding-grounds. CLOSE UTILIZATION Close utilization was undoubtedly one of the most discussed subjects during 1965 by both the logging industry and the Forest Service. While there was only a limited number of existing timber sales that went on to close utilization logging on a trial basis, policy had been firmed up by the end of the year so that, as of January 1, 1966, both new and existing sales could be logged to close utilization standards if so elected by the licensee. While close utilization in the forest is still in its infancy, it is already well on its way in the sawmill. All districts are reporting a great upsurge in the shipment of chips to pulp-mills, which in turn results from an increase in the number of sawmills with barkers and chippers. In 1964, when records were started, there were 82 barkers and 97 chippers. By the end of 1965, these numbers had risen to 161 and 144, or approximately 70 per cent. MARKET PRICES AND STUMPAGE TRENDS The selling prices for dressed lumber as reported to the Forest Service by mills in the Interior of the Province and for logs on the Coast as reported for the Vancouver log market by the British Columbia Loggers' Association generally held at the high 1964 level. The market outlook at the end of the year was reported to be good. However, on the Coast there were indications that supply was catching up with demand and prices for some grades and species (for example, cedar) were softening. 1965 Uncorrected Q uarterly Average Dressed-lumber Prices (Interior) Jan.-Mar. Apr-June July-Sept. Oct.-Dec. Species Basis MB.M. Average Price Basis MB.M. Average Price Basis MB.M. Average Price Basis MB.M. Average Price 124,895 220,818 20,172 3,263 4,203 $62.22 61.13 ' 60.37 98.45 61.62 173,484 294,791 21,273 6,477 7,215 $64.12 62.10 60.79 97,65 57.47 185,310 296,950 17,757 6,725 9,588 $65.52 62.05 63.97 89.75 61.86 148,225 271,503 14,575 4,780 3,962 $62 75 Spruce — 60.36 59 60 White pine Yellow pine - 102.11 64.39 36 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES 1965 Quarterly Average Log Prices per MB.M. (Howe Sound Market) No. 3 GRADE Species Jan.-Mar. Apr.-June July-Sept. Oct.-Dec. Fir Cedar Hemlock- Balsam Spruce White pine~ $66.37 55.30 59.70 48.30 57.81 45.01 $66.60 55.10 60.63 49.99 57.06 46.20 $66.40 52.85 60.04 49.98 55.63 44.02 $66.59 48.90 57.97 49.04 56.11 43.51 ALL GRADES Fir - $80.94 61.85 61.13 58.58 66.61 50.10 $80.26 61.10 62.35 59.47 65.40 52.40 $79.03 57.78 61.59 58.45 65.28 49.25 $80.82 54.94 59.57 56.67 Spruce - 66.37 48.54 Stumpage Prices The average stumpage price bid for Crown timber sales, including those sales which were sold at " salvage value only " rates, increased slightly in 1965 to $4.20 per 100 cubic feet. The comparable average figures for the years 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, and 1964 were $3.53, $2.53, $3.01, $3.36, and $4.09 respectively. The real increase in stumpage prices, however, was much greater. The actual increase is hidden because of the drop in the volume sold in the Vancouver Forest District Coast region. The weighted average selling price per 100 cubic feet for all species for the Coast region was $8.24, up from $6.18 in 1964. For the Interior, the weighted average selling price per 100 cubic feet was $3.49, up from $3.29 in 1964. The average stumpage price for all species excluding " salvage value only " rates was $8.25 per 100 cubic feet for the Coast, up 28 per cent from $6.43 in 1964, and $3.81 for the Interior, up 6 per cent from $3.59 in 1964. Because log and dressed-lumber selling prices were comparatively stable, there were only 899 upward adjustments and one downward adjustment in the rates payable under existing timber-sale contracts under provision of the sliding scale procedure. See Table No. 67 in the Appendix. SILVICULTURE The programme for 1965 included stand treatment, field studies, and road location. Following the trend established in past years, the principal activities were in the field of stand treatment. All districts were active in this field, and some 500 timber sales, principally in the Interior, received some form of treatment. This involved the treatment of 118,403 acres. Stands were generally treated to attain either natural regeneration or increment, or, in some cases, a combination of both. The cutting methods most frequently employed were single-tree selection, strips, groups, patches, or single seed-trees. Although natural regeneration is dependent on several interrelated factors, a satisfactory seed-bed and a suitable seed source can be regarded as prime requisites. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 37 The preparation of a satisfactory seed-bed may require either burning or scarification. The past few years have seen an increase in this phase of the programme. To date, 49,993 acres have been scarified in the Prince George Forest District, and similar programmes have been developed in the Nelson, Kamloops, and Prince Rupert Forest Districts. During 1965, some 15,530 acres were scarified. Scarification is providing satisfactory results at a reasonable cost. Surveys in the Prince George Forest District, based on 6,549 acres, indicate an average stocking of 49 per cent. The cost of scarification varies from area to area and from year to year, depending on the physical factors of the area and the prevailing weather conditions. However, experience over the past few years indicates that the majority of areas can be scarified for $10 to $12 per acre. Prior to 1963 most of the scarification was carried out following logging. This is changing and there is a trend to pre-scarification. A full discussion on scarification is contained in Forest Management Note No. 4, published in 1965. The Forest Management Note series, which was initiated in 1963, has proven popular, and it has been necessary to reprint the entire series. It is anticipated that two further Management Notes will be published during 1966: one, " The Results of Stand Treatment Following Seed-tree Marking in Dry Belt Fir Types"; the other, "Some Observations on the Behaviour of Blister Rust Cankers on Western White Pine Following Foliar Application of Polyamidostreptin." Bio-assay of white pine blister rust. It is anticipated a Forest Management Note on the subject of blister rust cankers on western white pine will be published by the Forest Service in 1966. 38 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES SCALING Coast The official scaling staff continued in its duties as provided by the Forest Act in scaling timber cut west of the Cascades. The major part of the Coast scale was made by the official staff and the minor part by acting official scalers. Detailed statistics of the staff's activities are available from the annual scaling report prepared by the Superintendent of Scaling at Vancouver. Scaling examinations were held during the year for the staff and public. A total of 58 new scaling licences was issued to successful candidates. A special examination was held towards the end of the year for a group of students from the British Columbia Institute of Technology. Installation of an I.B.M. 1440 processing unit was completed late in the year. It is planned that the scale will be computed and billed through this medium early in 1966. The trend toward marshalling logs at large sorting and booming grounds continued and increased during the year. Weight scaling was introduced at one operation to determine the scale of segregated close utilization wood. Interior The greater part of the Interior scale continued to be made in accordance with the licensed-sealer system supervised by the Inspectors of Licensed Scalers and the Ranger staffs. Scaling licences were issued to 140 successful candidates of the licensed- sealer examinations. A total of 20 examinations was held throughout the Interior during the year. Introduction and administration of sample scaling techniques occupied a large part of the Inspectors' time during the year. Weight scaling, which is one form of sample scaling, was in use at 20 operations. J REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 39 GRAZING DIVISION GENERAL CONDITIONS From the physical standpoint, 1965 was a fairly successful year for the ranching industry. Range forage production and hay conditions were generally good. The winter of 1964/65 was prolonged, with heavy snowfall and moderately low temperatures. This combined with the less than average quality and quantity of the 1964 hay crop, resulted in many herds being in below normal condition at the commencement of the grazing season. Losses were not particularly severe, but many cattle were slow in recovering from the rigours of winter. Some did not appear to be in good condition as late as the end of the grazing season. The industry continues to experience economic difficulties. Although average prices rose slightly from the low levels reached the previous year, they are still poor. Further, unrealistic prices have been paid for commercial ranching enterprises in recent years, and many ranches appear to be overcapitalized. Returns to capital are very low or non-existent in some instances. Many ranches are changing hands for this reason, but often at further inflated prices. The number of cattle on Crown range reached a new record high during the year. However, range sheep production dropped drastically, and use of Crown range by sheep is now relatively insignificant. Range A cool, dry spring delayed and reduced forage growth during this period. Droughty conditions persisted through June in most areas, but, later, summer rains and favourable temperatures greatly increased forage production. Forest summer ranges were better than average. Lower-elevation ranges made very good to excellent recovery for fall grazing. Extremely mild conditions persisted until the end of the year, permitting later than average grazing on both ranges and hay aftermath which had been reserved for this purpose. Poisonous weeds and predatory animals caused some difficulties on Crown range, but losses were not above normal. Highway and railroad acidents involving live stock continued to be a major problem. Considerable fencing was undertaken by permittees with Department of Highways assistance, with the Forest Service participating in some cases, in an effort to reduce stock losses from this cause. Hay Hay production was above average in both quality and quantity in most areas. This, combined with mild weather conditions persisting to the end of the year, leaves the industry in a good position with respect to winter feed. There is, however, growing evidence that winter-feed quality must be generally improved to ensure an adequate level of nutrition and good stock condition at spring turnout. Markets and Prices Cattle prices made an appreciable gain toward the end of the year, after the bulk of British Columbia marketings were completed. The weighted average price received by cattlemen through the British Columbia Live stock Producers' Co-operative Association was $17.30 per hundredweight, compared to $16.69 in 1964, a rise of 61 cents. Prices for sheep and lambs were also up slightly over 1964 levels. 40 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES RANGE MANAGEMENT The productive potential of a range is determined by factors such as soil quality and climate, largely beyond the control of man. However, within certain limits, the amount of the forage produced which can be safely grazed without reducing the productive capacity of any part of that range depends to a considerable degree upon the level of management applied. Destruction of this easily damaged resource can be avoided by taking the purely negative course of simply restricting utilization to a level consistent with existing range and live-stock management practices. With the growing demand for range forage, this is no longer sufficient and the level of management must be improved. An administrative agency, with adequate staff, can regulate live-stock numbers and broad seasons of use. However, the more refined features of management cannot be enforced. They can be achieved only by enlightened range users and in the light of the economics involved. As most Crown ranges have a potential for greater use under improved management, a concerted effort to work more closely with range users was continued in various forms during the year. Considerable instruction in range-management subjects was given Rangers, both singly and in groups, thus placing these key field officers in a better position to influence range users, with whom they are in close contact. Talks on range management, illustrated by coloured slides, were presented at numerous live-stock association meetings. A considerable number of joint Forest Officer-permittee range inspections were carried out. In several cases, all range users on the unit involved participated. Observation indicated that this continuing effort is resulting in many permittees becoming more range-management conscious. However, it is also evident that the amount of this work that is required to achieve full benefits is beyond the capacity of the existing staff. Range readiness studies and utilization checks were continued during the year. However, the pressure of day-to-day administration prevented an adequate level of range management and development planning. Numerous extensive range inspections were carried out as a basis for dealing with current administration problems. Detailed surveys were carried out in the Beatton-Doig, Groundbirch, and Bear Mountain pasture reserves as a guide for future development programmes in these areas. Range Improvements During 1965, $75,344.40 was spent from the Range Improvement Fund. Material to the value of $12,159.45 was on hand at the beginning of the year. Material valued at $10,351.34 remained on hand and not assigned to projects at the end of the year. Actual assistance to the range-improvement programme from the Fund thus was $77,152.51, the highest of any year to date. The following projects, chargeable wholly or in part to the Fund, were constructed or extensively rehabilitated: 32 cattle-guards, 55 drift fences, 3 experimental plots, 1 holding-ground, 1 meadow improvement, 1 mud-hole fence, 1 pasture development, 4 stock bridges, 27 stock trails, 20 water developments, 1 yellow pine thinning, and numerous range-seedings. Permittees also contributed extensively to most of the projects listed above, mainly in the form of labour. In addition, the following projects were authorized for construction entirely at permittee expense: 3 breeding-pastures, 5 cattle-guards, 4 corrals, 33 drift fences, 1 general-purpose enclosure, 2 holding-grounds, 1 holding- pasture, 11 stock trails, and 2 water developments. These are considerably fewer REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 41 than the number of projects undertaken entirely at permittee expense the previous year. The range-seeding programme was further increased in 1965, a total of 49,655 pounds of grass and legume seed being used, compared to 42,114 pounds in 1964. Most of this seed was sown on areas denuded of ground cover in the course of logging and similar activity on Crown range. Two forest burns, within which the ground cover of forage plants had been destroyed, were seeded from the air. The range-land drill, acquired late in 1964, was used to seed 1,166 acres of depleted grassland at a cost of approximately $5 per acre. Although the drill has definite limitations under the conditions which exist on Crown range, it appears that it can be used satisfactorily on considerable areas requiring seeding. With the exception of the aerial and range-land drill seedings, most of the actual seeding was undertaken by co-operating permittees, with seed, equipment, and such supervision as was possible being supplied by the Forest Service. Seeding such as reported above continues to be the most feasible means by which range forage production can be increased by artificial means. However, observations were continued to determine the results of previous field trials involving clearing, scarification, and seeding of selected areas of non-commercial forest-cover, spraying of brush-infested ranges, and thinning of overstocked forest stands. These practices continue to show promise, but areas suitable for such treatment on Crown range are not large, and costs will have to be considerably reduced before they can be applied generally. On the other hand, there is a considerable potential for safely increasing the utilization of existing natural forage through improved live-stock management on the range. Such improved management necessitates the construction of fencing, water developments, and trails. The bulk of the range-improvement projects reported above are of this type. A number of measures to reduce the cost and improve the durability of these structural range improvements were investigated and several trial projects were undertaken during the year. Also, approximately 2,000 treated cedar posts were prepared by prisoners at the Clearwater Camp. This activity, which not only helps reduce the cost of projects, but also provides constructive labour for the inmates, is expected to continue and expand. Peace River Pastures The year 1965 was the third and final year of the expanded pasture-development programme in the Peace River area under Federal-Provincial cost-sharing agreements pursuant to the Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Act. Work carried out involved breaking and seeding of domestic pasture grasses and legumes on 2,100 acres of land which had been cleared the previous year, together with the construction of 9 miles of boundary fence, corral facilities, and access roads on the Beatton-Doig Pasture. A minor amount of fencing was completed on the Bear Mountain Pasture. Expenditures under ARDA totalled $45,366.50 during the year. In addition, $15,614.55 of unmatched Provincial funds was spent on the maintenance of pre-existing improvements and for the installation of additional facilities not covered by ARDA agreements. There are now six pasture-development projects in the Peace River area with extensive improvements. Three of these, the Bear Mountain, Sunset Prairie, and Umbach Pastures, contain only structural improvements designed to facilitate use of the existing natural forage. The fourth, the Groundbirch Pasture, contains 600 acres of developed pasture for early- and late-season grazing in conjunction with 42 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES extensive areas of natural forage. Each of the remaining two pastures, Cecil Lake and Beatton-Doig, contains approximately 2,100 acres of improved pasture, which will provide the bulk of the grazing on these units. The first four of the above pastures were available for full operation in 1965, and light use was commenced on the Cecil Lake Pasture. The Beatton-Doig Pasture will be ready for light use in 1966. These six pastures now contain a total of 4,800 acres of improved pasture, 83Vi miles of fence, 67 stock-watering dugouts, 18 miles of road and 42 miles of stock trails with minor culverts and bridges, 3 major sets of holding-corrals, and 2 cabins. During the last three years $239,409.29, of which the Federal Government contributed approximately 50 per cent, has been spent on the above work under ARDA agreements. An additional $77,778.39 of Provincial funds has also been spent, mainly before the ARDA development programme. A portion of the unmatched Provincial expenditures has been for maintenance and operation. No ARDA funds have been spent on the Umbach Pasture. During 1965, 59 permittees grazed 1,919 cattle and 28 horses on pasture- development projects, compared with 43 permittees and 1,280 cattle in 1964. When full production of the newly developed pasture is reached, these units should support at least 5,000 cattle. CO-OPERATION Contact with range live-stock associations continued to be the principal means by which the necessary liaison between the Forest Service and range users was maintained. There are now 65 associations approved under the Grazing Act, three new associations having been recognized during the year. The boundaries of several association areas were amended during the year, mainly to include formerly unorganized areas. A total of 171 local association meetings was attended by one or more Forest Officers to discuss the various problems involved in the use of Crown range. A number of additional meetings were held with informal groups of range users. Both the British Columbia Beef Cattle Growers' Association and the British Sheep Breeders' Co-operative Association remained active. Particularly close contact was maintained with the former organization, a number of meetings with the directors being held to discuss matters of industry-wide importance. The British Columbia Livestock Producers' Co-operative Association again supplied the livestock price figures necessary for the sliding scale of grazing fees. This producer- owned marketing agency continues to be a reliable source of information on range live-stock prices, having sold approximately 43Vi million pounds of beef animals during the year. The Forest Service continued to enjoy excellent co-operation from the Canada Research Station in Kamloops in connection with a number of range-management problems which that agency has under study. Unfortunately, the activities of this station have been somewhat curtailed through loss of personnel. Grazing officers again participated in a number of events associated with the ranching industry, including meetings of the American Society of Range Management, the University of British Columbia Faculty of Agriculture students' tour, and several meetings sponsored by the Department of Agriculture. Co-operative field inspections were made with several other Government agencies in an effort to solve problems arising from conflicting land uses. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 43 ADMINISTRATION Continuing the trend in recent years, use of Crown range again increased in 1965. To safely accommodate such increased use of already crowded ranges necessitates an intensification of management and supervision out of all proportion to the greater use. Further, the need for closer supervision does not stem from greater grazing use alone. Other and often conflicting uses of the same land, such as for watershed, timber production, general recreation, and wildlife purposes, are also increasing rapidly. During the year numerous requests by alternate user groups to reduce or completely eliminate range use were received and investigated. Developing settlements and greater highway traffic also conflict with range use and require a great deal of attention to minimize the impact on the ranching industry. All of these factors greatly increased the administrative work load in 1965, and the existing staff was insufficient to carry out an adequate level of administration. Administration of Crown range in the Peace River area, outside of pasture- development projects, was intensified in 1965. Ninety permittees were authorized to graze 9,094 cattle, 966 horses, and 2,000 sheep on these unimproved ranges, more than doubling use authorized in 1964, the first year of general grazing administration in this area. During the year further study was given to methods of improving procedures to cope with the increased work load. The grazing regulations and fee structure were also reviewed, with final action pending at the end of the year. Grazing Permits During 1965, 2,218 grazing permits were issued authorizing the depasturing of 188,339 cattle, 6,677 horses, and 12,509 sheep on Crown ranges. This is an increase of 114 permits over 1964. Cattle numbers were up 14,662 head, or 8V2 per cent, and horses 446 head, or 7 per cent, over the previous year. Sheep under permit dropped by 9,969 head, a startling 44 per cent. Both the number of permits issued and the number of cattle are at a new record highs. However, sheep numbers were at the lowest figure recorded in 45 years of grazing administration. Expressed as animal unit months, the equivalent of one mature cow on the range for one month, total use authorized for all classes of stock amounted to 864,416 animal unit months. This represented an increase of 41,405 animal unit months, or 5 per cent, over the previous year. The fact that this percentage is less than the increase in the number of cattle and horses reported above is due to shortened grazing periods on some ranges, as well as to the reduction in the use of Crown range by sheep. Hay Permits The harvesting of hay from natural meadows on Crown range declined considerably in 1965, due in part to poor growth but also to the fact that many of the better meadows formerly cut under permit are now being leased or purchased for agricultural development. This trend, together with other factors, will ultimately result in all of the larger and better meadows coming under private control, with the smaller or poorer meadows being used almost exclusively for grazing. During the year under review, 178 hay-cutting permits were issued, authorizing the harvesting of 1,976 tons of hay. Grazing Fees Grazing fees per head per month in 1965 were 16 cents for cattle, 20 cents for horses, and 3}/4 cents for sheep. These fees represent a drop from those charged 44 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES in 1964 of 4 cents for cattle and 5 cents for horses. Fees for sheep were up lA cent. As fees are related to prices received by producers the previous year, these changes reflect the poor market conditions existing in 1964. In spite of greater use of Crown range, total billings were lower due to the considerably reduced fees. Control and Enforcement In view of the more intensive use being made of Crown range, it is increasingly important that authorized seasons of use, numbers of stock, and other grazing permit conditions be rigidly enforced. This is necessary to ensure that range and associated resources are not destroyed, and to protect those permittees who do comply from unfair competition. Both the bulk of permittees who comply with the regulations and other interested groups, such as natural history societies and fish and game clubs, are becoming more insistent in this respect. The extensive nature of the Crown range, together with complicated land- ownership patterns and the existence of many part-time ranching operations, makes adequate control extremely difficult. More intensive regulation is required than is possible with existing staff. In an effort to control the situation, numerous stock counts were carried out during the year. A number of cattle and horses grazing in trespass were removed from the range. No prosecutions were undertaken. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 45 ENGINEERING SERVICES DIVISION ENGINEERING SECTION The construction of forest-development roads under the Federal-Provincial cost-sharing agreement continued, but road maintenance, special access projects, and engineering work directly connected with Management Division activities constituted a larger proportion of the engineering programme. Work commenced in May and continued to the end of the year on the construction of road access from Upper Campbell Lake to Gold River. Engineering and site-preparation work associated with the development of navigation channels and landings in the area to be flooded by the Portage Mountain Dam continued throughout the year. In addition to the continuing development engineering, reconnaissance, and road-location programme, field engineers carried out a number of investigations connected with appeals under Part VI of the Forest Act, and with timber-sale administration and district projects. Development Engineering, Reconnaissance, and Road Location Four senior engineers were employed on development engineering work in various parts of the Province. In the Prince Rupert Forest District a comprehensive study was made for development of the enlarged Skeena Public Sustained-yield Unit, and a preliminary investigation covered the new Bell-Irving Public Sustained- yield Unit. In Kamloops Forest District, parts of the Nicola and Ashnola Public Sustained-yield Units were covered with development studies, and preliminary work was carried out in Block 2 of the Quesnel Lake Public Sustained-yield Unit for administrative and protection access. In the Vancouver Forest District, access into Maimen Creek near Hope, into the upper Lillooet River drainage, into the Homathko River valley, and into Clowhom River was reconnoitred. Work in the Nelson Forest District included route reconnaissance into Albert Creek, Jumping Creek, Twin Creek, Rendell Creek, Blackfoot-Quinn Creeks, and Sage Creek. During the field season, 194.7 miles of forest road were located and flagged on the ground. In addition, control survey and large-scale photogrammetric mapping were carried out by the Topographic Division of the Lands Branch for 50 miles of route corridor for the proposed Chilcotin South Forest Road. Detailed map location and design were completed for the first 16 miles of the road. Open range land and light forest-cover made this method feasible and far superior and cheaper than conventional survey procedures. Efforts continued to develop new techniques and to adapt survey methods to changing requirements. Prior to the field season, party chiefs were given training in air-photo interpretation for road layout, and most field parties worked on photo locations completed before commencing work on the ground. Road Construction and Maintenance Construction of 63.9 miles of new road on 13 projects was completed during the year, and maintenance continued on 855 miles of previously constructed road. New construction involved site preparation of 516 acres of right-of-way, movement of 1,650,000 cubic yards of common excavation and 102,000 cubic yards of solid rock, installation of 13,200 lineal feet of culvert, and erection of 22 bridges. 46 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Placing glue-laminated timber I-beams during erection of Slesse Creek Bridge. Weather throughout the summer months was generally favourable for construction, and a number of jobs left unfinished in 1964 because of bad weather were completed. Other major projects undertaken included extension of the Kis- piox River Road into an area of beetle infestation, construction of a loop road to accommodate increased traffic generated by new timber-conversion plants and related services being built in the vicinity of Morfee Lakes, and a start on the construction of a road to provide access from Upper Campbell Lake into the Gold River drainage. Of the 22 bridges built during the year, 11 were permanent timber structures. The largest of these are a 100-foot single span across the Akolkolex River south of Revelstoke, a 115-foot structure with multiple spans across the Sweetin River on the Kispiox River Road, and a 165-foot multiple-span structure across Slesse Creek on the Chilliwack River Road. The Slesse Creek Bridge has a main span of 120 feet, using the longest glue-laminated timber girders fabricated to date for the Forest Service. See Table No. 91 in the Appendix. General Engineering Designs, plans, and specifications were completed for 16 pressure-creosoted glue-laminated bridges. One of these, the Slesse Creek Bridge on the Chilhwack Forest Development Road, is the first Forest Service bridge to use glulam girders of I-beam section. During the year the design load for new bridges in the Interior of the Province was increased from 45 tons to 90 tons. . REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 47 Engineering work continued in the area to be flooded by the Portage Mountain Dam. In sections of the Parsnip and Finlay drainages where partially submerged trees could impede navigation, the initial selection and layout of some 200 miles of waterway covering 32,000 acres has been completed, and clearing is in various stages of completion on 5,820 acres. This includes 2,500 acres treated by the Le Tourneau tree-crusher which was moved into the area late in 1964. MECHANICAL SECTION The motor-vehicle fleet increased from 888 to 905 units during 1965. Increased protection for northern districts accounted for about half of this number, and the remainder were normal increments due to new positions and increased requirements. The number of station wagon types was reduced, whereas that of pick-up trucks increased noticeably. In the heavy-construction equipment category, a total of seven tractors was purchased. Six of these were in the 100-120-horsepower range (flywheel) and four were power-shift models. Four were equipped with the power-tilt feature for the bulldozer blade, whereas two of the machines were gear-drive models without the power-tilt feature. The seventh machine was a 235-horsepower (flywheel) model with power-shift and power-tilt. Finally in the crawler-tractor field, two 160-horsepower (flywheel) units were on order but had not yet been received. These machines are power-shift models with hydraulic tilting U-blades and double- drum cable-control units instead of the customary winch. A wheeled farm tractor was also purchased for the Reforestation Division for use in its East Kootenay tree nursery section. Two four-wheel-drive four-wheel-steer graders were obtained—one for Kamloops Forest District and one for Prince George Forest District. A small maintainer grader was purchased for the Reforestation Division, which, together with a similar model, provides two units of the same type for use on Vancouver Island. A third four-wheel-drive four-wheel-steer grader was on order for Prince Rupert Forest District as this particular type of grader appears to be eminently suited to work on Forest Service lookout trails and fire access roads. A particularly active fire year was responsible for the purchase of at least six forestry-type fire-fighting pumps, and routine purchasing added 28 more, of which two were of the heavy-duty trailer-mounted style. Also purchased was a variety of domestic water-supply, camp-protection, nursery-irrigation pumps and bentonite- handling pumps, totalling 18 in all. The trail motor-cycle continues to be recognized as a very useful addition to the fleet, and 28 units, including seven of local manufacture, were added during the year. One hundred and seventeen chains saws were purchased, of which 69 were for the Protection Division. The remainder was shared between the Reforestation, Survey, and Engineering Divisions. Chain saws of all makes are becoming much lighter and more powerful. Of 33 outboard motors added this year, 18 were 3 3-horsepower or over, and the balance was composed of 18-, 9-, and 3-horsepower models. There is a definite trend toward the electric starter and electric gear shift, which gives a marked advantage in certain circumstances, although perhaps not necessary in all cases. See Table No. 92 in the Appendix. A promotional system is being worked out to provide more incentive to those of non-permanent status and to take care of future moves of personnel. The usual 48 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS. AND WATER RESOURCES instructional courses in mechanical maintenance were held at the training-school— one in the spring and one in the fall. Other instruction was given by district supervisors, particularly in the spring, to acquaint newcomers with the use of fire-pumps and allied equipment. Seven men in the Engineering Section received a short course in trailer-towing. This instruction is given annually and is handled by the Engineering transport pool from the Forest Service Maintenance Depot in Vancouver. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN Sixteen major projects started in 1964 were finished during the year, and a further 44 major projects undertaken, the majority of which were completed. It is becoming increasingly important to satisfy the living-accommodation requirements of the field staff and, for this reason, nine new residences were constructed and two prefabricated buildings were enlarged for family accommodation. Expansion of the work of the Reforestation Division also is reflected in various projects, such as cold-storage buildings and irrigation systems undertaken at various tree nurseries. Ninety-eight contracts for prime and sub-contract work were awarded, and 52 other miscellaneous jobs were handled, as well as a continuing load of assessment and consultation services. The decision to establish a district headquarters at Williams Lake resulted in a great deal of time and effort being expended on site investigations, preliminary building layouts, and design of special features. The preparation of detailed drawings and specifications was carried out by an outside architect. However, when tenders were called, all bids received were judged unrealistically high and were refused. Alternate means of providing the necessary office and warehouse space are now being investigated. Due to the heavy work load mentioned above, routine inspections of buildings for maintenance purposes suffered. This is a recurring problem that is becoming increasingly significant. During the year, 25 major additions and numerous papers were added to the Division technical library. MARINE DESIGN AND INVESTIGATION In consultations with the staff of the Forest Service Maintenance Depot, engine replacements were selected for seven diesel-powered craft and one powered by gasoline. Marine advisory services were given to various districts and divisions, and to the Scaling Commission and Safety Committee, covering activities ranging from marine radar installations on the coast to specialized river transportation by barge and tug in the Peace pondage area behind Portage Mountain Dam. Small-boat Purchases Seven stock-model aluminum boats, 14 and 16 feet in length, were purchased for use by Ranger staffs. In addition, three sturdy inflatable boats were brought for use by Rangers and cruising crews and for use in conjunction with aircraft. Mobile Accommodation Fourteen house trailers ranging in length from 14 to 40 feet were designed and put out to tender for construction by three commercial firms. These trailers are used by fire-suppression crews, cruising crews, Ranger staffs, air-tanker crews, construction crews, and families in remote areas. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 49 FOREST SERVICE MAINTENANCE DEPOT Reorganization in the internal administration and functional control of the Forest Service Maintenance Depot was carried out early in 1965. The most significant physical change having immediate effect was the installation of a depot communication system. Other changes primarily in the administrative area and aimed at close integration of existing services also are having the desired effect of measurably increasing efficiency and economy of production. Marine Work The marine ways were occupied 64 times, with 40 complete launch refits and 21 minor overhauls being carried out. The major projects included the re-engining of four craft, most notable being M.V. " Syrene I " and M.V. " Alpine Fir." The engine requirements, evolved from factors such as age and parts availability, were needed to ensure dependable power under adverse operating conditions. Highlight of new construction work was that carried out on the 50-foot Ranger vessel M.V. " Golden Spruce." The hull was planked and construction is proceeding according to schedule. Small-boat construction continued with six river boats completed for distribution to various parts of the Province. Other work accomplished included the repair of some 36 river boats, barges, and small boats. Prefabrication and Carpentry Shop The remodelling, renovation, and general maintenance of Porta-buildings and trailers was programmed in an effort to increase line production. This programme has allowed a significant increase in units handled as a total of 26 Porta-buildings and trailers were rebuilt, modified, or reconditioned. In addition, other items produced in quantity included 150 signs of various types, 96 scaling boards, five lookout buildings, 45 pieces of office furniture, and 345 boxes and crates. The normal function of the five-man carpentry crew has the added load of depot maintenance and improvement. This year the crew completed the fencing project and the removal of a large tree which was causing some concern as a hazard to power supply-lines. Finally, the closing-in of the warehouse for protection of stored equipment was completed, thus allowing additional working space and drive-through wall storage for efficiency of handling. Machine-shop The regular work load in the small-engine repair-shop was at its near peak capacity with 440 pumps, light plants, outboard engines, chain saws, and trail motorcycles overhauled, crated, and shipped. In addition, 214 new units were tested and shipped to the districts. The machine-shop also produced and assembled finished items from castings, which included 100 paper-punches, 25 propane brush-burning torches, 25 log-scale computers, 1,800 hose, pump, and valve fittings, and miscellaneous items. To complete the major portion of this work load, the usual service in welding, plumbing, and electrical work was supplied in part to the trailer rebuilding and repair programme. Transport Pool and Warehouse Transportation service was supplied to 16 engineering projects, to all five forest districts, and to several other Forest Service agencies. The transport pool operates three 30-ton tractor-trailer combination diesel trucks and two 5-ton gasoline trucks. 50 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES The total distance travelled was approximately 160,000 miles, in which 300 hauling assignments, totalling 3,000 tons, were completed, and included the movement of 12 bridges from Vancouver fabricating plants. These jobs ranged a course from the Flathead in the south-eastern part of the Province to projects on Vancouver Island at Gold River, to north of Hazelton on the Upper Kispiox River. Included with this function of transport, the warehouse handled, stocked, conditioned, and repaired all items of construction equipment for various Engineering Services Division projects. Warehousing in general experienced a build-up in items handled with the addition of tents and other equipment for conditioning, repairs, and storage. EnGINEERING MAINTENANCE-SHOP The function of the engineering workshop is primarily to maintain and service the transport pool fleet. In conjunction with this regular work load, complete overhauls were carried out on 35 half-ton trucks. Extensive repairs were made to heavy equipment, including graders, tractors, shovels, rollers, loaders, light plants, compressors, and rock drills. RADIO SECTION Two hundred and forty-seven radio transmitting units of all types were purchased during the year, compared with 147 during 1964. The greater part of new radio equipment consisted of very high frequency (F.M.) portables and mobiles of the all-transistor type. The percentage of radio-equipped Ranger, Assistant Ranger, and supervisory cars increased considerably during the year, but nearly all districts expressed a need for more mobiles as soon as possible. Throughout 1965, amplitude modulated (A.M.) transmission was hampered by continuous interference from teletype and facsimile stations on most Forest Service channels. To date no satisfactory replacement frequencies have been obtained from the Department of Transport. The Vancouver Forest District during the year expanded the preparation of pre-organization maps showing the location of and coverage from sites suitable for the use of portable V.H.F. repeaters. Where these repeaters have been employed, the 24-hour-a-day reliability resulting from not having to depend on propogation conditions surpassed the best previously experienced A.M. fire communications. A new type of A.M. remote receiver was successfully tested at Squamish, and F.M. was extended to Ranger stations north of Campbell River, where teletype again supplemented radio circuits between Campbell River and Vancouver. The F.M. repeater trunk system installed in 1964 between Burns Lake and Terrace was completed to Prince Rupert during the summer by means of repeaters on McLean Mountain and Mount Hays. Ninety-watt mobile-type A.M. transmitters were used for the first time at fire base stations in the Prince Rupert Forest District with considerable success. F.M. was extended to Fernie, but all attempts to connect Fernie to its lookouts by means of either F.M. or A.M. proved relatively unsuccessful. A propogation survey was carried out in the Mica Creek area with the object of determining F.M. repeater-sites for a circuit between Mica Creek and Nelson. Plans were made for the establishment of the first repeater on Mount Sibley in 1966 to give mobile coverage on the Big Bend Road. The use of thermo-generators to provide power for repeaters was initiated in the Prince George Forest District with installations on Longworth and Skog Mountains supplying communication to McBride and Finlay Forks. This type of power supply was not too successful, but improvements have been designed for use in 1966. Kamloops Forest District changed its F.M. repeater system to trunk operation, permitting mobiles to work through the repeaters, thereby greatly increasing mobile REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 51 range and coverage. The lease of a repeater on Avola Mountain from Canadian National Telegraphs was arranged, and the repeater is expected to be in operation before the end of the current year, giving reliable communication to North Thompson Ranger stations for the first time. Research work by the Victoria section included redesign of transmitters to prevent the radiation of harmonics, investigation into the failure of thermo-generators, design of special equipment to meet unforeseen situations such as the A.M.-F.M. remote system at Squamish, and the design of a low-drain battery repeater for use with thermo-generators. Currently in progress is the testing of single sideband transmission, the eventual legal replacement for A.M. Following some changes in the receiving equipment used in the investigation of " sferics " during 1964, further tests were carried out with no measurable success during the past fire season. 52 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES FOREST PROTECTION DIVISION WEATHER The stage was set for the 1965 fire season with March being one of the sunniest and driest on record. Below normal precipitation continued into April for most of the Province May was generally cool with slightly less than normal rainfall. June was dry over the whole of the Province, with the few stations that reported above normal rainfall recording most of that in one or two days. The temperatures in July averaged close to normal in spite of an extremely warm period during the last 10 days. For the most part, rainfall continued below normal. Most of the Province received less than normal precipitation during August. In part of the Vancouver Forest District a forest closure was in effect from July 31st to August 4th. The weather in September was generally dry, particularly in the Coastal regions, although the Chilcotin and East Kootenay areas reported more than normal precipitation. Strong winds were a significant factor in all districts and were instrumental in the escape of several logging slash burns. Lightning activity appears to have been close to normal. Some difficulty was experienced with dry lightning-storms, particularly in the northern half of the Province. FIRES Occurrence and Causes The dry, occasionally windy summer resulted in more than the average number of fires and in several serious " escape " slash fires in the late summer. The total of 2,685 fires recorded was well above the 10-year average of 2,106. Lightning again leads as the individual cause, accounting for some 37.2 per cent of the total number of fires. See Tables Nos. 103, 104, and 105 in the Appendix. Cost of Fire-fighting Average fire-suppression cost to the Forest Service was $2,041 per cost fire, compared to $295 the previous year. The cost of suppression to the Forest Service of $2,539,800 and other agency costs of $1,245,800 totalled $3,785,600. This is $1,475,500 above the 10-year average. See Tables Nos. 109, 110, and 111 in the Appendix. Damage The area of forest-cover burned, at 307,132 acres, is only 64 per cent of the 10-year average of 479,525 acres. The damage to forest-cover increased almost $2,000,000 over the 10-year average but was far less than the damage sustained in the fire years of 1958 and 1961. See Tables Nos. 107, 108, and 110 in the Appendix. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 53 PROTECTION PLANNING AND RESEARCH Fire Statistics A start was made during 1965 on coding of fire data for punched cards on an expanded three-card-per-fire basis, and it is planned to continue and increase this programme during 1966. Visibility Mapping and Lookout Photography A crew of two men, both experienced university students, undertook the combined work of visibility mapping and lookout photography. Emphasis was on visibility mapping in the earlier part of the season, with 20 possible lookout points being completed. Thirty sets of the panoramic lookout photographs were taken, part of the continuing programme of providing photographic sets for newly established lookouts and for up-dating older photography on long-established lookouts. Fuel-moisture Indicator Sticks Following spring field testing, 883 sets of the 100-gram fuel-moisture indicator sticks were distributed to industry and the Canada Department of Forestry, as well as for our own use. This represented an increase of 24 per cent in distribution over 1964. The stick-fabrication procedures at the Forest Products Laboratory at Vancouver were streamlined to markedly reduce the amount of manual weighing processes, resulting in higher production for a shorter period. The co-operation of the laboratory in allowing use of the kiln and facilities and providing assistance of the staff is acknowledged. Insect Control No individual or co-operative spray projects were undertaken during 1965. A small co-operative cost-sharing survey project was directed against the hemlock needle miner in North-west Vancouver Island. In recognition of the potential of the balsam woolly aphid, a general survey was organized in the spring and is continuing, in co-operation with the Canada Forest Research Laboratory staff. This is the first time that the Protection Division has directly undertaken an insect survey of this type. Instructional training in identification techniques in the field and laboratory were given by the Research Laboratory specialists, and office and laboratory space was provided in the building. Sampling areas to date have been Vancouver Island and the Lower Mainland. A senior advisory committee and a technical planning committee on the balsam woolly aphid have been established, representing the Federal and Provincial Forest Services and the forest industry. Research Projects The experimental window-tinting programme, inaugurated in 1964, was expanded in 1965, with 28 lookouts, 5 Ranger stations, and an air-tanker base completed. The primary purpose of glare modification and a resultant temperature reduction appears to be successful and has been well received. The experimental " sferics " programme in lightning detection was continued. A second receiver was developed, and the two receivers operated during the month of July in the Cranbrook-Golden area. Lightning activity was widespread during this period, and much data were gathered. Problems of monitoring the lightning strikes by the operators of these receivers were evident where widespread lightning 54 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Investigating for balsam woolly aphid in a continuing general survey being made in co-operation with the Federal Forest Research Laboratory at Victoria. This is the first time the Forest Protection Division has undertaken an insect survey of this type. activity was present, and further research will continue. Although most of the recorded data have yet to be analysed, it is felt that large single storms can be tracked with the present equipment. Equipment evaluation and development, emergency ration packs, plasticizing, smoke simulation, safety devices, among others, are some of the continuing projects of research studies. Fire-suppression Crews Sixteen suppression crews were again employed in the three southern forest districts and fought a total of 316 fires. Sixty-six per cent of the fires fought by these crews were held to 1 acre or less. Several crewmen were attached to various Ranger and forest district headquarters to assist with air-tanker operations and other suppression work. Under a new programme in the northern districts at Prince Rupert and Prince George, 36 initial-attack crewmen were organized in units of two to eight men. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 55 These units were used as " helitack " crews, air-tanker base crews, and ordinary fire-suppression crews. This programme was a very important factor in keeping many fires in the unpopulated, isolated regions to a relatively small size. Indians were employed wherever possible, but a degree of reorganization of crews became necessary when some crewmen left to attend stampedes. Also, some difficulty was encountered when Indian crewmen were requested to go to the more northern areas without their families. It is proposed to continue trying to use Indian crewmen knowing that some problems will develop. Aircraft The place occupied by aircraft in all phases of fire suppression was significant last season. The number of aircraft on contract was increased by two, for a total of 40 machines. The two additional aircraft, Canso air tankers, were used in the northern districts with success. The light aircraft used for detection turned in an impressive list of first reports, contributing greatly to the detection system. The Avenger air tankers flew out their contract for the first time, achieving a high degree of success on the fires attacked. Helicopters and Beaver-type aircraft maintained the high standard of performance that has characterized their operations. See Tables Nos. 113 and 114 in the Appendix. Roads and Trails The programme of road and trail construction and maintenance continued in a normal manner. As roads and trails are an essential part of economic fire suppression, the programme should be expanded. See Table No. 116 in the Appendix. Slash Disposal and Snag-falling (Vancouver District) The weather during the late summer of 1965 was the most favourable for slash- burning experienced in many years. Burning commenced in late August and early September. Excellent results were obtained, and most of the burning was completed by September 15th. Of an estimated 100,000 acres logged during 1965, 84,000 acres were burned, including 52,000 acres of slash created in previous years. A further 3,000 acres were burned by accidental fires earlier in the season. Comparatively moderate fire seasons and marginal fall slash-burning weather during the previous three years had engendered an attitude of complacency, and instead of mopping up the fires as soon as slash had been consumed, they were left to be extinguished by the fall rains, which usually commence about September 15th. These rains failed to materialize on schedule, and when the slash-burning advisory from the Dominion Weather Office forecast north-west winds of 30 to 35 miles per hour on September 20th, numerous spots were still smouldering around the margins of the burned areas. On September 21st the winds arrived as predicted and were compressed in some of the larger valleys into gales of 40 to 50 miles per hour. Many serious " escape " fires resulted. By the time these fires were under control again, they had covered an additional 14,500 acres. The total damage resulting from the " escapes " reached an unprecedented figure of $277,000. However, a large portion of the mature timber killed or damaged will be salvable for sawlogs. The poor burning weather in past seasons left a sufficient volume of fuel in some planted areas to support the spread of a hot fire and resulted in several hundred acres of immature trees being destroyed. 56 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Although the damage caused by these " escape " fires and the cost of suppressing them was very high, there is no doubt that these " escapes " and the numerous accidental fires which occurred earlier in the year were less serious and extensive than they would have been if the slash-burning programme of previous years had not eliminated the build-up of large unbroken areas of slash. It has been found that spot burning is not nearly as effective as broadcast burning for preventing serious reburns in later years. Consequently spot burning was scheduled for only 3.2 per cent of the areas required to be burned in 1965, as compared to 33 per cent in 1962. During the year, 5,857 acres of snags were felled under " major " contracts, with an additional 140 acres being felled on " minor " projects. A small Reforestation Division crew on loan to Protection during slack periods accounted for a further 480 acres of snags. Prescribed Burning, Interior Districts The increasingly large areas of unbroken slash caused by the expansion of clear- cut logging in the Interior and northern forest districts in recent years is a matter of grave concern to both Forest Service and logging-industry officials. A few broadcast burns were carried out by both parties over the past few years, but these were mainly of an experimental nature. Acreage oj Slash Burned in 1965 Forest District Industry Forest Service Total Prince Rupert._ Prince George.. Kamloops Nelson Acres 2,300 2,150 1,578 3,251 Acres 2,490 520 1,075 4,682 Acres 4,790 2,670 2,653 7,933 Totals. 9,279 8,767 18,046 Expansion of the Interior pulp harvest will greatly accelerate the increase of clear-cut areas of extremely hazardous slash. Broadcast burning is the most effective method of reducing this hazard, and a greatly expanded burning programme is required in the Interior if the large and costly fires, similar to those which originated in slash in recent years, are to be avoided. A graphic example of the need to reduce slash areas was shown during the fall in one prescribed slash burn in the North Central Interior. Unusually strong, dry winds caused the fire to escape the guards into old slash, and resulted in a troublesome fire even at that late time of year. Damage to forest-cover was relatively light however, although some equipment was lost. FIRE-LAW ENFORCEMENT As 1965 was a heavier fire season than had been experienced during the past several years, prosecutions under Part XI of the Forest Act also increased, there being a total of 30 informations laid. This represented 62.5 per cent of the 10-year average. FOREST CLOSURES There was only one forest closure imposed this season under section 122 of the Forest Act. This was a general closure in six zones of the Vancouver Forest District from July 31st to August 4th, inclusive. Zones 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were affected. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 57 FOREST SERVICE TRAINING-SCHOOL The fourth and fifth classes of basic trainees (Basic Courses Nos. 4 and 5), consisting of 20 men each, graduated April 9 and December 17, 1965, respectively. Graduates from the basic course now total 100. Subjects covered during the year for both courses were as follows:— Basic Course No. 4, Spring 1965, and Basic Course No. 5, Fall 1965 Days Allotted Forest Protection Policies and Procedures 4 Forest Management Policies and Procedures 6V2 Pre-suppression Studies 7 Fire Suppression 13 Forest Measurements 7 Vi Mathematics IVi Forest Surveying 5 Vi Silviculture 3 Mechanical Equipment Maintenance and Operation 10 Photogrammetry 3 Opening, closing, examinations, clean-up 3 Total days 65 First Aid: Two hours per week in evenings for 9 weeks. Typing: One hour per week for 13 weeks. Physical Education: One-half hour per day. See Tables Nos. 131 and 132 in the Appendix. EXTRA COURSES AND FUNCTIONS Training-school facilities were used for two weeks in April, 1965, by the Department of Recreation and Conservation for an in-service training course. Average attendance was 30 men for 12 days. The usual course for lookoutmen for the Vancouver Forest District was given to 11 men, May 4th to 7th. Ten proved satisfactory and were employed, effective May 4th. Three two-day sessions of instruction were given to a total of 53 men from the Forest Service staff of scalers. The purpose was to give these men an appreciation of the Forest Service, its organization, and phases of Forest Service activity. The sessions were held January 13th and 14th, January 20th and 21st, February 9th and 10th. The school facilities were used by the Surveys and Inventory Division for three two-day sessions, May 6th and 7th, May 10th and 11th, and May 12th and 13th, during which 90 summer field employees were instructed. One three-day session of instruction was given to 14 Gaol Service officers attached to the Attorney-General's Department. The three-day course, which included instruction on the major phases of Forest Service work and its organization, was designed to promote a better understanding in the interest of co-operation between departments. The course was held March 9th to 11th. The reading course on the Forest Act was brought up to date. Subject outlines and lesson plans were further developed. 58 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Our staff assisted with instruction at various courses, institutions, and meetings throughout the Province. Included were courses at the University of British Columbia, the Northern Interior Fire Control Course, and a Parks Branch meeting at Manning Park. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to speakers and lecturers and to the following agencies for equipment provided: Air Division of the Surveys and Mapping Branch, Department of Lands, Forests, and Water Resources; University of British Columbia; Weldwood of Canada Limited; Burnaby Parks and Recreation Commission; and Surrey Municipality. Appreciation also is expressed to lecturers from other divisions and districts of the Forest Service. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 59 ACCOUNTING DIVISION FISCAL The financial return to the Forest Service in 1965 again exceeded expectations in spite of only a minor increase in the total scale of wood harvested. The additional revenue was due mainly to higher stumpage prices received on timber cut from timber sales and tree-farm licence cutting permits, which was a direct reflection of the continued good prices being obtained by the industry for its forest products. This favourable situation persisted throughout the year, but there was some indication at its close that some effect might be felt from a " tightening " money market in the new year. The total of amounts charged to logging operations increased by a substantial 10.9 per cent to yet another new record of $49,902,240 (see Table No. 142 in the Appendix). By districts the largest increase, 28 per cent, was registered in the Prince Rupert Forest District, followed by Prince George, Vancouver, and Nelson with 14.1, 13.8, and 11.1 per cent respectively. Kamloops Forest District showed a decline of 8.2 per cent. Forest revenue recorded a higher percentage increase than the amounts charged, 12.8 per cent, and the total of $47,558,411 (see Table No. 141 in the Appendix) was also a new all-time high. Timber-sale stumpage, which constitutes the bulk of the revenue, rose by 12.9 per cent to $42,031,437, and the related item, timber-sale rentals and fees, increased by 49.9 per cent. The latter was mainly due to an increase in rental to 50 cents per acre by regulation pursuant to the Forest Act. A similar increase by Statute in the rental payable on timber licences and timber leases accounted for gains of 98.7 and 25.9 per cent respectively in these categories. Rentals and fees collected from timber berths declined by 3.9 per cent as the rates remained unchanged, and areas are steadily being eliminated from these tenures as cutting progresses. Timber-sale cruising and advertising declined by a surprising 33.16 per cent, the apparent result of a reduction from 2,282 in 1964 to 1,614 in 1965 in the number of timber sales awarded. Timber royalties, the second-highest revenue category, remained almost unchanged, recording an increase of only 0.7 per cent to a total of $2,629,476. This was to be expected as this revenue is derived from the cut on Crown-granted lands and the old licence and lease tenures. Areas are eliminated from the latter tenures as the timber is liquidated, and new licences of this type no longer are issued. Forest-protection tax collections increased moderately by 6.9 per cent to $559,007, and miscellaneous revenue, continuing an upward trend, rose by 30.1 per cent to $273,738. Bidding fees of approximately $34,000 are included in the miscellaneous category, as are charges for publications issued which were raised to cover higher printing costs. Grazing permits and fees increased by 8.4 per cent, exactly offsetting the decline in 1964. Financial tables on a fiscal-year basis for the period ended March 31, 1965, also appear in the Appendix (see Tables Nos. 143, 144, and 145), and details of expenditure can be found in the Public Accounts, published by the Department of Finance. The Federal-Provincial Forestry Agreement, which expired March 31, 1965, was replaced by a new two-year agreement terminating March 31, 1967. The amount claimable by the Province from Canada remained unchanged at $1,804,461, and only minor alterations were made in the terms and conditions. 60 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES ADMINISTRATION The Accounting Division as a whole experienced its busiest year on record. In addition to coping with the increase in volume indicated in the financial tables, all sections were subject to increased pressure resulting from policy changes originating in other divisions of the Forest Service, the Department of Finance, and the Civil Service, Superannuation, and Purchasing Commissions. Major effects of changes in Management Division timber-sale administration were felt by the timber-sale and revenue sections of the headquarters accounts office. The introduction of new tenures in connection with the expansion in pulp-mill construction and preparation for the advent of the close utilization policy, effective January 1, 1966, required planning of new routines in recording and accounting. These changes also had a similar effect on each district office. Changes in personnel appointment action procedure, income-tax adjustments, and the expected inclusion of the Provincial Civil Service in the Canada Pension Plan combined to put extreme pressure on the pay desk of the headquarters accounts office, and on district and divisional pay clerks. Additional though relatively minor changes were made in the expenditure accounting structure with the approval of Treasury Board in a further effort to achieve flexibility and reduce paper work. As time permitted, the survey of office methods in the Forest Service begun by the Accounting Division in 1964 was continued, and further recommendations were submitted to the Chief Forester for consideration late in the year. A concerted drive on delinquent accounts receivable was instituted early in the spring, and, in spite of the increase in billing, all districts were able to report considerable progress toward the goal of maintaining all accounts on a current basis. The investigating section of the Comptroller's Office was kept fully occupied, concentrating mainly on mill cost studies and lumber prices analyses for the appraisal section of the Management Division. Investigations also were conducted in conjunction with the five district offices. No changes in the organization or personnel establishment of the Accounting Division were made, the extra work load being carried with the addition only of the usual summer temporary typing help. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 61 PERSONNEL DIVISION On June 30, 1965, Mr. R. G. McKee officially retired as Deputy Minister of Forests to assume full-time duties as Chairman of the Provincial Government Purchasing Commission. As a result, Mr. F. S. McKinnon, Chief Forester, was appointed Deputy Minister, and Mr. L. F. Swannell, Assistant Chief Forester, was appointed Chief Forester. Subsequent transfers and promotions resulted in a new Assistant Chief Forester, a new Forester in charge of Forest Protection, and new District Foresters in four of the five forest districts. The Working Plans Division was combined with the Forest Surveys and Inventory Division under the general administration of the Forester in charge of Surveys and Inventory. Legislative approval was given for the establishment of the Cariboo Forest District with headquarters at Williams Lake. At the close of the year this district was not yet operational, although some time had been spent in the Personnel Office in the preparation of organization charts to adequately staff the new district. A new series of technician grades was set up by the Civil Service Commission and included, in addition to engineering technicians, the two senior draughting employees in this department. In the matter of employee relations, the newly appointed Chief Forester and the Personnel Officer met with a representative committee of the Society of British Columbia Forest Officers to discuss matters of Departmental policy concerning this group. There were no formal grievances, and one inquiry from the British Columbia Government Employees' Association was resolved at the Departmental level between the Personnel Officer and a representative from the association. A general salary increase involving all employees became effective April 1st. COMMUNICATIONS AND TRAINING No formal meeting of District Foresters was held in Victoria, but the District Forester and Assistant District Forester from each of three districts spent a week in Victoria discussing specific problems with the various headquarters divisions concerned. Full-scale Ranger meetings were held in Vancouver and Nelson Forest Districts, while limited Ranger zone meetings were held in the Kamloops, Prince George, and Prince Rupert Forest Districts. The Forest Surveys and Inventory Division held its annual pre-season meeting for field foresters, and held a pre-season training session at Green Timbers for its summer field staff. The Engineering Services Division, in addition to its annual meeting of engineers, also held meetings in Victoria for district mechanical supervisors and district and headquarters radio technicians. The Foresters in charge of Forest Management in the district offices came to Victoria in a group and met with headquarters Forest Management staff to discuss policies and procedures involving close utilization. The Forest Agrologists from Nelson, Prince George, and Kamloops met with the Director of Grazing in Kamloops to discuss common problems in range management. The Personnel Officer and Assistant Personnel Officer took part in several vocation-day programmes at various schools in the Victoria area and the Lower Mainland as did a number of other Forest Officers. The Forest Service was also represented on a programme of instructive interviews for graduating secondary- school students jointly sponsored by the Victoria Chamber of Commerce and the National Employment Service. Two men were selected for the 10th class of the course in Public Administration under the Government's Executive Development Training Plan. Unfortunately one man dropped out before the course started, and the Service is represented in this 62 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES class by a Forest Protection Officer from Prince George. Class X is for candidates from the Interior of the Province. Two employees, both foresters, graduated from the seventh class of the programme and received Diplomas in Public Administration from the University of Victoria, the first of this programme to be granted by that institution. A correspondence course in Basic Public Administration of one-year duration was commenced by the Civil Service Commission. Four employees from the senior clerical staff of the Forest Service at Victoria, Vancouver, Kamloops, and Nelson enrolled and subsequently graduated. Class 2 of this basic course commenced in the fall, and the Forest Service was represented by one employee from Victoria, one from Vancouver, and one from the Forest Service training-school. A number of field employees continued to take first-aid courses at various levels, but the trend in this area appears to be toward the industrial first-aid certificate. The Civil Defence Organization sponsored St. John Ambulance first-aid courses in Victoria to the benefit of several Forest Service employees. Arrangements were made with the Chief Warden of Civil Defence to endeavour to have such courses slanted to field conditions which would be more beneficial to our staff. Informal training continued for junior engineers and junior foresters. ESTABLISHMENT, RECRUITMENT, AND STAFF TURNOVER The permanent Civil Service establishment of the Forest Service was increased from 863 to 881, an increase of 18 positions, which included a Technical Forest Officer 4 as an additional Ranger Supervisor in the Prince Rupert Forest District and a Forest Protection Officer 2 in the Prince George Forest District to be responsible for increased protection in northern areas. The remaining 16 positions were new positions of various classifications set up as a nucleus for the new Cariboo Forest District. During the year, 160 persons obtained Civil Service appointments and 156 left the Service. Eleven Forest Service 25-year certificates and badges were earned, and 23, employees were guests of the Government at a luncheon where they were awarded a certificate in recognition of 25 years' service with the Provincial Government Service. There were seven retirements and 63 transfers of permanent staff. Six graduate foresters and six engineers left the Service, and 15 graduate foresters and one engineer were hired. Turnover of Civil Service-appointed staff, including full-time casual staff, was 12.4 per cent, up from 11.6 per cent in 1964. The Prince George Forest District suffered the greatest disruption with 17 per cent, followed by Vancouver and Victoria headquarters with 14.5 and 13.4 per cent respectively. Kamloops and Prince Rupert Forest Districts followed closely with 13.3 and 12.2 per cent respectively. Vancouver Scaling had a 9.9-per-cent staff turnover. Nelson Forest District was lowest at 6.3 per cent. Professional-staff turnover dropped back to 6.7 per cent from 7.5 per cent in 1964. Technical-staff turnover went from 7.6 per cent in 1964 to 6.8 per cent, but this figure gives a false impression of improvement since it does not include a large number of junior technical field positions not covered in these statistics. Considerable disruption was felt in the office staff, which suffered a turnover of 22.8 per cent for the Service as a whole, as compared to 18 per cent in 1964. Kamloops and Prince George Forest Districts suffered the greatest turnover in this group at 35.2 and 33.3 per cent respectively. In general, the greatest number of people left the Service for better salaries. There were no fatal accidents during the year involving employees, but one contract snag-faller was killed on duty and the workmen's compensation claim was — REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 63 chargeable to the Department. In the matter of discipline, while no employees were released by Order in Council, there were 15 disciplinary suspensions. A number of these suspensions were made because the employees concerned failed to observe accident-prevention regulations with regard to personal protective equipment. No annual statutory increases were withheld, but one employee, due for promotion after two years' satisfactory service, had his promotion withheld for a period of six months. There were 602 written applications for employment processed by the Personnel Office, in addition to those handled by the district offices and divisional staffs. Promotional examinations were held as usual by the Civil Service Commission for draughtsmen and mapping assistants, resulting in the promotion and reclassification of a number of staff members who qualified. Oral examinations were employed at panel interviews to fill 27 positions. The Personnel Officer and Assistant Personnel Officer participated in the rilling of 135 other positions. Two hundred and twenty-six candidates sat the annual spring examination for Technical Forest Officer 1, and 65 qualified. Of the candidates writing 160 were presently on the staff of the Forest Service. Of the 65 who qualified, 22 qualified for regrade in their present duties only. This left only 43 to fill the 36 vacant positions, and some of these men were not available for employment. As a result, the individual districts, with the exception of Kamloops, were unable to fill all their vacancies and therefore had to draw on the excess in the Kamloops Forest District. As a result of this shortage of candidates, it was necessary before the end of the year to employ a number of Acting Assistant Rangers to fill the existing vacancies. CLASSIFICATION, SALARIES, AND WORKING CONDITIONS Including the classification of technician, which was established by the Civil Service Commission, there were 105 reclassifications requested, of which 81 were approved and 11 rejected- At the end of the year, 13 were still under review. Eight employees were registered as professional foresters and four as professional engineers. Working conditions in general remain unchanged. While no decision has been received yet on the study on special living allowance for northern areas, it is understood the Civil Service Commission is continuing and broadening this study. The accident-prevention programme received a setback in that there were 382 accidents, of which 169 were time loss. The previous year showed only 237 accidents, of which 78 were time loss, but it should be noted that, for statistical purposes, commencing on January 1, 1965, time-loss accidents were counted where the period of absence was at least one full working-day, as opposed to three full working-days in previous reports. This change in statistical recording was not, however, a major factor in the increase as there were very few time-loss accidents in which the period of absence was less than three days. There was a particularly heavy fire season, and of the 169 time-loss accidents, 75 were suffered by fire-fighters and seven by temporary tree-planters. In 1964, these two categories had one accident each. However, with the continuously employed staff there were 87 time-loss accidents in 1965, as compared to 75 during 1964. In 1965 the time-loss accidents jumped from 33 per cent of the total accidents to 44.3 per cent of the total. It is also worth noting that, while the time-loss accident frequency in 1964 was 16.8 accidents per million man-hours worked, in 1965 it was 31.1 accidents per million man-hours worked. However, districts and divisions are actively engaged in accident prevention with the hope that these figures can be reduced in the future. 64 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES PERSONNEL DIRECTORY, 1965 (As of December 31st) VICTORIA HEADQUARTERS F. S. McKinnon Deputy Minister of Forests L. F. Swannell Chief Forester J. S. Stokes - - Assistant Chief Forester i/c Operations Branch I. T. Cameron Assistant Chief Forester i/c Planning Branch Staff Division Heads: Cooper, C. ----------- Forest Counsel Hicks, W. V. - - - - - - - - - Departmental Comptroller Park, S. E. - - - - Director, Public Information McKeever, A. E. Personnel Officer Operations Branch Division Heads: W. C. Phillips ..--..- Forester i/c Protection Division Greggor, R. D. - - - - - Forester i/c Engineering Services Division Hughes, W. G. Forester i/c Management Division Pendray, W. C. Director, Grazing Division Robinson, E. W. - - - - - Forester i/c Forest Service Training-school Planning Branch Division Heads: Young, W. E. L. - - Forester i/c Surveys and Inventory and Working Plans Division Silburn, G. - Forester i/c Reforestation Division Spilsbury, R. H. - Forester i/c Research Division FOREST DISTRICTS Vancouver Forest District H. B. Forse District Forester J. A. K. Reid Assistant District Forester Forest Rangers: Lorentsen, L. H. (Chilliwack); McDaniel, R. W. (Hope); Wilson, R. S. (Harrison Lake); Nelson, J. N. (Mission); Mudge, M. H. (Port Moody); Carradice, J. H. (Squamish); Cham- berlin, L. C. (Sechelt); Northrup, K. A. (Pender Harbour); Hollinshead, S. B. (Powell River); Hannah, M. (Lund); Archer, W. C. (Thurston Bay East); Stefanac, G. (Thurston Bay West); Doerksen, V. J. (Chatham Channel); Teindl, A. J. (Echo Bay); Moss, R. D. (Port McNeill); Neighbor, M. N. (Port Hardy); Carr, W. S. (Campbell River); Antonelli, M. W. (Courtenay); Norbirg, H. (Parksville); Howard, W. G. (Nanaimo); Sykes, S. J. (Duncan); Bertram, G. D. (Ganges); Jones, R. W. (Langford); Thomas, R. W. (Lake Cowichan); Haley, K. (Alberni); Doerksen, H. G. (Tofino); Gill, D. E. (Pemberton). Prince Rupert Forest District H. M. Pogue ------ District Forester Lehrle, L. W. - - - - - - - - - Assistant District Forester Forest Rangers: Simmons, C. F. (Ocean Falls); Brooks, T. (Queen Charlotte City); Hamilton, H. D. (Prince Rupert); Gorley, O. J. (Terrace); vacant (Kitwanga); Crosby, D. N. (Hazelton); Hawkins, R. M. (Smithers); Lindstrom, W. C. (Telkwa); Berard, R. K. (Houston); Mould, J. (Pendleton Bay); Mastin, T. (Burns Lake); Harvie, T. (Bella Coola); Pement, A. T. (Southbank); Dodd, G. F. (Lower Post); Jaeger, J. F. (Topley). REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 65 Prince George Forest District District Forester Assistant District Forester N. A. McRae Young, W. --._ Forest Rangers: Ward, J. G. (McBride); McRae, M. A. (Valemount); Meents, G. E. (Prince George East); Gibbs, T. R. (Prince George North); Ford, C. (Fort St. James); Keefe, R. R. (Quesnel); Barbour, H. T. (Dawson Creek); Amonson, D. A. (Aleza Lake); Graham, G. W. (Vander- hoof); Espenant, L. G. (Fort St. John); Griffiths, P. F. (Fort Fraser); Waller, T. G. (Summit Lake); York, G. M. (Fort Nelson); Magee, G. E. (Prince George West); Wallin, D. F. (Hixon); Hewitt, E. W. (Quesnel); Rohn, K. (Quesnel); McQueen, L. (Chetwynd); Magee, K. W. (Hudson Hope). Kamloops Forest District A. H. Dixon - Boulton, L. B. B. District Forester Assistant District Forester Forest Rangers: Hopkins, H. V. (Lumby); Ivens, J. H. (Birch Island); Wittner, D. J. (Barriere); vacant (Kamloops South); Paquette, O. (Chase); Gibson, C. L. (Salmon Arm); Jones, G. G. (Sicamous); Cameron, A. G. (Lillooet); Kuly, A. (Vernon); Scott, E. L. (Penticton); Baker, F. M. (Princeton); Petty, A. P. (Clinton); Hamilton, T. J. (Williams Lake); Donnelly, R. W. (Alexis Creek); Hewlett, H. C. (Kelowna); Noble, J. O. (Ashcroft); Pearce, F. (Merritt); Huva, G. G. (Blue River); Collins, B. G. (Enderby); Schmidt, J. T. (100 Mile North); Weinard, J. P. (Kamloops North); Craig, V. D. (Horsefly); Monteith, M. E. (100 Mile South). Nelson Forest District J. R. Johnston Isenor, M. G. District Forester Assistant District Forester Forest Rangers: Taft, L. G. (Invermere); (Cranbrook East); Ross, Robinson, R. E. (Nelson) (Castlegar); Reid, E. W. (Canal Flats); Benwell, (Elko); Bellmond, C. N. (Beaverdell); Webster, G. Humphrey, J. L. (Fernie); Anderson, S. E. (Golden); Gierl, J. B. A. I. (Creston); Allin, G. B. (Kaslo); Benwell, G. L. (Lardeau); ; Jupp, C. C. (New Denver); Raven, J. H. (Nakusp); Wood, H. R. (Grand Forks); Uphill, W. T. (Kettle Valley); Cartwright, G. M. W. G. (Arrowhead); Loomer, I. M. (Edgewood); Russell, P. F. (Spillimacheen); Bailey, J. F. (Cranbrook West); Hamann, L. O. R. (Slocan City); Jackson, R. C. (Revelstoke). APPENDIX REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 69 TABULATED DETAILED STATEMENTS TO SUPPLEMENT THE REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE CONTENTS Table Research Division No. Pace 11. Tabulation of Research Projects Active in 1965 72 12. Research Publications, 1965 73 Reforestation Division 21. Nursery Stock Distributed, 1965 73 22. Summary of Planting, 1956-65 74 Working Plans Division 31. Summary of Basic Data for Tree-farm Licences (Private Sustained-yield Units) 75 32. Summary of Basic Data for Certified Tree-farms (Private Sustained-yield Units) 77 33. Summary of Basic Data for Farm Wood-lot Licences (Private Sustained- yield Units) 79 Public Information and Education Division 41. Motion-picture Library, 1956-65 80 42. Summary of Coverage by School Lecturers, 1956-65 81 43. Forest Service Library, 1956-65 82 Forest Management Division 51. Value Added by Manufacture, 1965 83 52. Water-borne Lumber Trade (in M B.M.), 1956-65 84 53. Total Amount of Timber Scaled in British Columbia during Years 1964 and 1965: (A) in F.B.M., (B) in Cubic Feet 85 54. Species Cut, All Products, 1965: (A) in F.B.M., (B) in Cubic Feet— 86 55. Total Scale, All Products, 1965 (Segregated by Land Status and Forest Districts): (A) in F.B.M., (B) in Cubic Feet 87 56. Timber Scaled in British Columbia during 1965 (by Months and Forest Districts ) 88 57. Volume of Wood Removed under Relogging at Reduced Royalty and Stumpage, 1956-65, in Thousands of Cubic Feet 89 58. Number of Acres Operating under Approved Annual Allowable Cuts, 1956-65 90 59. Total Scale of All Products from Areas Operated under Approved An nual Allowable Cuts, 1956-65 91 70 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES Table No. Page 60. Logging Inspections, 1965 92 61. Trespasses, 1965 9 3 62. Areas Examined by the Forest Service for Miscellaneous Purposes of the Land Act, 1965 94 63. Areas Cruised for Timber Sales, 1965 94 64. Timber-sale Record, 1965 95 65. Competition for Timber Sales Awarded, 1965 96 66. Timber Sales Awarded by Forest Districts, 1965 97 67. Average Stumpage Prices as Bid, by Species and Forest Districts, on Timber Sales during 1965, per C C.F. Log Scale 98 68. Average Stumpage Prices Received, by Species and Forest Districts, on Saw-timber on Tree-farm Licence Cutting Permits Issued in 1965 99 69. Timber Cut and Scaled from Timber Sales, 1965 100 70. Saw and Shingle Mills of the Province, 1965 101 71. Export of Logs (in F.B.M.), 1965 102 72. Shipments of Poles and Other Minor Products, 1965 103 73. Summary of Export of Minor Products for Province, 1965 103 74. Timber Marks Issued, 1956-65 104 Grazing Division 81. Grazing Permits Issued 104 Engineering Services Division 91. Forest Road Programme, 1965 105 92. Forest Service Mechanical Equipment, 1965 106 Forest Protection Division 101. Forest-protection Expenditure by the Forest Service for the Fiscal Year 1964/65 107 102. Reported Approximate Expenditure in Forest Protection by Other Agencies, 1965 107 103. Fire Occurrences by Months, 1965 108 104. Number and Causes of Forest Fires, 1965 108 105. Number and Causes of Forest Fires for the Last 10 Years 109 106. Fires Classified by Size and Damage, 1965 110 107. Damage to Property Other than Forests, 1965 111 108. Damage to Forest-cover Caused by Forest Fires, 1965—-Parts I and II 111 109. Fire Causes, Area Burned, Forest Service Cost, and Total Damage, 1965 113 110. Comparison of Damage Caused by Forest Fires in Last 10 Years 114 111. Fires Classified by Forest District and Cost per Fire of Fire-fighting, 1965 115 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 71 Table No. Page 112. Prosecutions, 1965 116 113. Contract Flying, 1965 117 114. Use of Aircraft in Fire-fighting (Non-contract), 1965 117 115. Analysis of Suppression-crew Fire-fighting Activities, 1965 118 116. Construction of Protection Roads and Trails, 1965 118 117. Summary of Snag-falling, 1965, Vancouver Forest District 119 118. Summary of Logging Slash Reported in 1965, Vancouver Forest District 119 119. Acreage Analysis of Slash Disposal Required, 1965, Vancouver Forest District 119 120. Analysis of Progress in Slash Disposal, 1965, Vancouver Forest District 120 121. Summary of Slash-burn Damage and Costs, 1965, Vancouver Forest District 120 Training-school 131. Enrolment at Advanced Course, 1965 121 132. Enrolment at Basic Course, 1965 122 Accounting Division 141. Forest Revenue, 1956-65 122 142. Amounts Charged against Logging Operations, 1965 123 143. Amounts Charged against Logging Operations, Fiscal Year 1964/65 124 144. Forest Revenue, Fiscal Year 1964/65 125 145. Forest Service Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1964/65 125 146. Scaling Fund 125 147. Grazing Range Improvement Fund 126 148. Peace River Power Timber Salvage 126 Personnel Division 151. 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O rH tI- *• ~ ^ r CS tS cN r. tN t*i tn m r r rn Tt ol C* cn ►4 s 136 •r rt a-a ^ rt ■cga ■HJ CJ .3 a> <1J T3 C 3 Tt 0- fl [S TJ ■3 fl 'fl 3 uO 0 (S H rt I-l o eu 1+-I ^ 3 « o CJ Ih CJ s fl OJ CJ (fl 5 0 3 ^ CJ rt ■s -fl o IH HHH H ^ M r 76 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES 0) 9~ © © o © m © O O O rt 00 © m ov 5 © © © © © 5 VO © © © © S oo vo oo »n r- vo cn ov Tt © ts Tt tn in © N CO CO rt CO tN rtf caAAAA<£ rtf 2" CO "O © f. cn ^ r) oo m ov oo th co oo © r- *h in Ov CO ov©tscocom ts cS C—CStNr-cnr- © Tt "ci o h ri oo vo ri oo von m oo T3 & cn go rt cs K ©"* cn r-' NOvOvc-ho -H Tt 1 tH rt cs (S o S N - vo^ 1 3 AA OO" rt" 1 Tt ^- rt 0 'u CO ■n vo co > Ph ! i 1 vo" H o to z 3 rt cn -st r- on tn on co Tf Ov©cScncSOVO qv, 3 2 E O is r- cs (S tr- cs rt c- r-csCNvor- tn h co vo o t— rt m © MVO(v,COVOlfl T- CS rt cn oo h cs C- © cn A CH Ov Ov r-■* oo r. tO P. m cn Tt co cs cn c- A m m r- co m © , O Q cn ^h tn do H tO t— rt*1 rt" o" tu _ CS HH P ^. vo © vo cS © ON vo ov © tS r- © *-< Ov Qv a inO^cnTtco Ov vd cStHoqoovc- do oo Q 3Sg vD vo cM On do r- Tt On ON on cn cn © oo" m vo©tt r^cssD r^ cn vo A os © oo" A cn" vo W pp rt ts oo tn CN ON r- fttHt^cp©cn co © tH rH tH CO m CO © z ^ CN co" as < w S Q oo in cs oo cn O (N © On co r- Tt m o ■£ ca m rn c- t~~ ftmffvC. H Vp rH (H, co 3 Ov C* C- r* cn vp oo © O fr) OJ, 00 |> i> (S »n 3 on cs" ©" rntfrNOV co" ■vd © ON VD" Tt rt to" Vp" VO" ©ooc^mr-vD m o o l> Ov tS vD cn rt oo OV cfl 4> U O h tH TH TH vC h oo ts r- W H OO | < V vo e= (S to vd rn 1 CO tN SSc?' 0 05 H rt t^Sfl • 00 m 1^** -■ 0 2 3 > 1-1 ^ cn vo" ' CO *"£ cu 1> > Pn j Tt •«—•* 5 u 3 TJ a m © co oo n rt - oo cn c> tN ts r- e * ft O On -t}- co © Ov op c- CC 0 Ov Z Q CO m Pu Is tn © cn c~- (S on oo Tt © as votf r-^ i> © do r~ m vo r-i n op" O C^ OS tS vo cn rt co * o 0 VO tH CO S co^ H A HH rtl a « < df a W 2 H Oi 3 i O cu u £ i fc fl 0 •d u t ^r: ■o X si Q o t—1 Cfl < n fc O CJ hJ X z c c v c 1 5 5 X z V 1 s rt « i-i eu > c c 0 1- E CL c b". rt c X 3 C 3 -c c 1- B- t s £ r rtrt 6 1 c d US C M £ S fl « >o3 3 CO 1 rt s 'in cu fl cj d z c c 01 c % Cu c t, tfl 'I cc P. z ."3 % !« 1 1 : c cc Z c C I- ! H- V- QJ Ol c C A 8 u OJ s B t ►J P 0 1 0 X A Cfl b- I i h u % I- u 0 i-i rt M J rt 1 I < X3 i i % i j 1 a CU Q OJ CU OT3 H w rt in o ft, 0 0 i S i 5 > rt ■a ._ 5 E o « nu s > s 3 CQ i a x; u rt J c rM , a A ts E o < 3 0 ffl T3 tj a 3 2 H 0 ^ k Ov ifl vo oo n rn in si M h tn t cn c CO cn 1-1 ts REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 SUMMARY OF BASIC DATA FOR CERTIFIED TREE-FARMS (32) (PRIVATE SUSTAINED-YIELD UNITS) Within Tree-farm Licences 77 Tree-farm Number and Licensee Productive Area (Acres) Total Area (Acres) Mature Volume (MCu. Ft.) Present Allowable Cut (MCu. Ft.) Estimated Productive Capacity (MCu. Ft.) Mature Immature N.S.R. and N.C.C. Total Vancouver Forest District 8. T.F.L. No. 2 12. T.F.L. No. 17 13. T.F.L. No. 20 14. T.F.L. No. 21 204 51 26,792 10,695 6,731 2,251 24,442 2,964 2,193 3,333 10,315 54,629 179 45,667 17,397 12,212 1,982 12,194 6,179 2,268 13,817 11,429 1,478 259 12,780 2,279 4,461 501 2,179 784 723 3,691 2,732 56,311 489 85,239 30,371 23,404 4,734 38,815 9,927 5,184 20,841 24,476 64,752 1,230 93,468 32,638 24,719 5,683 40,312 11,331 5,480 26,071 28,312 135 77,268 37,041 44,515 4,353 95,206 15,730 10,259 9,615 45,892 3,273 22 4,728 1,738 1,285 336 2,321 836 896 2,355 2,896 21 4,653 1,405 1,285 277' 1,777 749 282 2,000 2,008 16. T.F.L. No. 22 20. T.F.L. No. 19 21. T.F.L. No. 39 25. T.F.L. No. 37 29. T.F.L. No. 6 30. T.F.L. No. 25 31. T.F.L. No. 25 Totals Prince George Forest District 41. T.F.L. No. 29 Nelson Forest District .«. TFT. No M XJ. T.F.T., Nfl. n 89,971 | 177,953 | 31,867 | 299,791 333,996 | 340,014 14,457 20,686 123 868 702 3,473 504 429 277 1,254 4,618 504 1,280 5,447 504 331 6,072 27 ' 37 130 20 Totals 868 3,977 | 277 | 5,122 5,951 | 6,072 150 Grand totals within tree-farm licences 90,962 1 1 182,632 | 32,573 | 306,167 1 341,227 | 346,417 14,484 20,873 Not Included within Tree-farm Licences Vancouver Forest District 1. Thomas G. Wright 2. H. R. Nickson 4. MacMillan, Bloedel and Powell River Ltd. 5. Western Forest Indus- 231 ] 18 (1) | 165 10 1 9,219 854 j 22,506 1 4£R 1 .RIM 3 252 165 9,744 25,609 2,461 9,468 6,535 2,150 157 21,621 296,339 2,299 1,010 1,898 749 106 1,437 32,805 4,980 2,335 1,090 6,257 310 180 10,347 28,054 3,569 10,303 7,566 2,561 163 22,283 313,479 2,458 1,010 1,947 788 106 1,699 34,706 5,533 2,476 1,090 6,465 68 747 1,221 2,294 11,695 935 31 9 358 45 10 430 1,788 185 606 492 ' 141 17 1,666 21,456 197 111 175 67 5 90 1,470 250 180 60 511 515 2,249 188 1,373 1,559 6. British Columbia Forest 125 282 100 30 783 29,500 7. Victoria Plywood Ltd 9. Robert J. Filberg 10. Canadian Forest Prod- 3,689 235 113 4,406 4,741 2,037 157 16,670 139,244 2,274 779 1,888 749 106 1,282 28,390 4,735 1,161 657 15. W. J. Robertson 17. British Columbia Forest 8,399 1,105,704 1,986 129,460 2,965 27,635 25 231 10 19. MacMillan, Bloedel and Powell River Ltd 22. Merrill & Ring ... 23. W. & W. Holdings Ltd.._ 24. Merrill & Ring-Canadian Properties, Inc. .. 28. Merrill & Ring-Canadian Properties, Inc. 32. Savary Island Hotels Ltd. and A. B. Christopher 34. Robert J. Filberg... 39. Canadian Collieries Resources Ltd 42. John C. Cowan 44. Friedrich W. Fuerst zu Wied 45. Erbprinz Von Hohenzol- 59 C1) 213 198 189 5 151 155 4,202' 47 985 178 87 347 348 160 160 640 16 65 430 47. Merrill & Ring-Canadian Properties, Inc Totals 1,812 | 4,358 139,713 '| 247,347 42,407 429,467 457,093 | 1,132,928 31,734 29,952 i Scattered. 78 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES SUMMARY OF BASIC DATA FOR CERTIFIED TREE-FARMS (32) (PRIVATE SUSTAINED YIELD UNITS)— Continued Not Included within Tree-farm Licences—Continued Productive Area (Acres) Total Area (Acres) Mature Volume (MCu. Ft.) Present Allowable Cut (MCu. Ft.) Estimated Productive Capacity (MCu. Ft.) Tree-farm Number and Licensee Mature Immature N.S.R. and N.C.C. Total Nelson Forest District 1 1 96 1 lfi.999 17,095 106,107 2,931 25,960 32,494 86,612 5,463 2,243 1,080 22,362 236,807 3,230 28,755 33,632 139,341 6,061 2,375 1,260 (488,762) 35,708 (79,066) (1,072,896) 85,572 66,839 6,413 4,606 (45,000) (194,235) 1,510 (18,496) (174,009) 945 1,370 88 77 (7,000) (427,375) 27. The Crow's Nest Pass Coal Co. Ltd 33. Elkhorn Ranch and Emerald Christmas Tree Co. 36. J. Hofert Ltd 25,457 77,301 2,931 23,978 848 52,808 4,480 1,928 1,080 3,349 1,543 (73,275) 1,982 (651,050) 38. William T. Joyce Co. 40. Kootenay Lake Logging Co. 31,646 33,804 370 96 1,029 1,260 43. Donald D. MacDonald _. 46. Blue and Gold Estates Ltd 48. Ernest Boker 613 219 200 90 (11,000) Totals 91,469 182,353 | 6,163 1 279,985 473,823 | 199,138 ! (1,685,724) 3,990 (393,740) 4,122 (1,162,700) Grand totals not within tree-farm 231,182 1 | 479.700 1 48.570 709.452 1 I 1 1 930.916 1 1,332.066 ! 35.724 34,074 (1,685,724) j (393,740) (1,162,700) Numbers in parentheses are Christmas trees. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 79 SUMMARY OF BASIC DATA FOR FARM WOOD-LOT LICENCES (PRIVATE (33) SUSTAINED-YIELD UNITS) Farm Wood-lot Number and Licensee Productive Area (Acres) Crown Private Total Total Area (Acres) Total Mature Volume (MCu. Ft.) Crown Private Total Allowable Annual Cut (M Cu. Ft.) Vancouver Forest District 5. Thompson, A. R. 8. Heikkila, E 17. Wells, G. E 22. Kirkelund, P 26. Dawson, C 34. Morris, F 40. Courchene, R. O 41. Jones, T. E. D 43. Evans, L. W - _ 44. Wilson, M. R 46. Williams, G. C 49. Fall, J. S. T — 52. Dawson, H _. 57. Mellor, J. G 78. Pickard, G. T Totals Prince Rupert Forest District 28. Priest, C. V 42. Nysven, K 66. Grainger, B. H— 70. Burt, A. H 73. Sprigler, L. F 77. Hewett, H. F - Totals Prince George Forest District 14. Macallister, J. M 38. Miller, A. B 45. Douglas, E. C 47. Sanford, J 53. Hiller, B 54. Teichman, O 55. Kienzle, C. W 61. Kaska, M. G 63. Walsh, G. D _.. 67. Higdon, J. and K._ 68. Aiken, E. F. 74. Caron, L. A 75. Lavally, E. L 76. Paley, W. J 79. Windt, T. E 80. Ochsner, M Totals Kamloops Forest District 3. Myers, J. A —- 9. Black, W 29. Hankey, A _ 30. Kershaw, R. T „ 48. Durrell, J. M. 72. Law, D. A Totals Nelson Forest District 1. Bombini, S 18. Siska, C 21. Sahlstrom, G. O 60. Stevenson, J., and Boyd, R. A 62. Braisher, O 65. Johnson, B. P 69. Davidson, D. G 71. Carey, F. H _. Totals 70 75 135 8 101 38 70 190 7 174 62 122 8 29 235 14 152 75 38 253 198 186 16 115 19 2,105 | 285 274 353 321 343 296 336 110 240 37 1,923 475 258 222 283 154 240 240 240 245 218 289 225 202 243 138 281 192 95 28 29 53 3 11 3,670 222 236 142 154 320 499 417 110 48 36 1,768 194 145 143 139 70 197 236 130 29 249 152 113 253 198 202 134 384 593 358 343 384 336 2,398 98 147 176 13 126 90 162 147 154 382 238 379 564 27 515 118 2,033 1,303 Grand totals.. 11,499 | 2,479 353 250 283 157 240 240 240 274 218 289 225 202 243 191 284 203 236 252 202 320 499 453 1,962 245 189 216 309 536 617 591 633 3,336 13,978 232 159 199 92 274 494 223 69 304 282 189 321 202 202 138 2,390 | 3,380 782 927 824 480 825 350 4,188 428 251 302 166 240 240 240 274 226 290 256 202 249 193 286 271 3,892 | 4,114 260 276 326 160 540 724 2,286 31 35 86 66 640 419 72 143 374 195 3.16 343 550 362 106 29 32 11 8 40 33 60 35 118 66 640 430 80 143 414 195 349 343 550 362 106 3,738 | 153 567 178 616 372 388 387 11 578 36 214 82 698 372 4 392 387 550 170 186 263 648 645 642 332 427 381 429 540 370 387 271 418 91 641 3 173 186 6 269 648 645 _ 642 332 427 381 ■ 429 540 370 387 5 276 418 6,659 105 6,764 286 27 127 112 865 235 18 286 45 127 112 865 235 1,652 18 | 1,670 254 195 270 333 567 617 601 633 153 176 123 193 160 443 243 24 2 96 122 155 272 3,470 1,589 | 544 | 2,133 6.0 1.0 6.0 2.6 9.0 6.5 2.5 2.0 5.0 4.0 8.0 4.5 10.0 7.0 8.0 3,891 [ 82.1 8.5 8.0 6.2 4.0 8.3 6.2 2,508 | 133 | 2,641 | 41.2 10.0 9.5 6.0 5.5 10.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 7.0 4.5 7.0 9.0 5.9 7.0 4.4 6.5 117.3 8.0 4.5 4.0 6.0 10.0 7.5 40.0 4.9 3.4 6.0 46 169 6.2 109 i 302 5.5 240 400 | 6.7 19 462 , 9.4 8 251 4.2 46.3 17,438 16,146 953 I 17,099 326.9 80 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES «s m cs ,—i „ > Pi < w Ui a CQ 0 M < i I-l w a Pi Oi M s o o b ^ O g T *T «(t l © Ov CS c .hhOiC o tH t(t m ; ^ rt c3 S a ^ *""* S h co m o , 3.S.SJJS3 *S * ■" *J M M B-O a I S«2rt3 .Ss|.S3 to efl T1 « co E E ft S 6 .■B a w .73 :b pHH.ZB.fc Q O U u {* z o p J s o . a s V r> © m Ov cn vo 00 m t— m vo cn cn © cn n cn. »n © m VO vo © r> cs rt 00 rt fl en © in rH fc. 00 rtrtrtrt! 00 ON tH ih in cn 8 Tt ftW in © Tt o ** n rt vo cn r- © (n vo vp if> r) Tt OV OV^tH rt vp VO OV Tt O0 cn cs vd Ov cn © fc- Tt © VD Tf cn cn fc* © vOflvfc cs fc-. mov Tt OV Tt fc- ov r- m m vo r- © © vd c— m th tr- so m rt vo m vo vo vo 00 Tt r- oo ON VjO ov m m t— © © m oo cn en r- ov © rH m VO Tt H Tt Ov r- fc- oo m © t> Tt •■* fc- in © Tt cn fc- ts cs vo Tt cn a 8*8 in vo iH H H 00 Tt C4 OS OS rH OV vp in ts Tf Tt VO cs cs n fc- cn Tt Tt fc- Tt rt cn h in in cS H H Tt cn in © VO 00 VO © in t— cn h cn vo ri fc- cn cn o\\ CS © Ov ON in ©in CS Tt t> ts" 00 *h in y3 cs , O ! a o •o u a a o E 3 eu CI o w V- Ih rt CJ O U V- ;>> >. e< i $ > CJ) .5 W r/, E o 11 to a; to u S o *3 9 a •1 a 8 0 (B c a o o ,- o o B H IH S ih H 3 X o> u B a> u « ,D -S £ A — 2 s O o si o w o o o co Uh o Pi < CO fc- in fc- CO a in m r> fc- vp vo TtvOO __, © o 3 Tt vp m cs © r- cs m av cn vo t- cn co CO S Tf Tt cn cn o : : cn in m i : vo © c^ o m oo m KO m fc- 00 CO* 1 Ov" Tt VO ov Ov co © cn cs c iii <■ cs m © £>Tt rH Tf in . | CS fc- © VD c*- vc 1 ! o\\ oo Tt m Tf CO VI ov oo m cn rn ir Tt rt VD Ov eS vo cs CO r) cn Q\\ th Tt c- fc- m cr r «H Tt A Tt CN m CS VO ov © ov cn in m c rH cn Ov ! ! vo fc- 00 vo © ov rt cn •- CS CS h Ov vo Tt HH Tt 0 Tt *H cn o n (N in CS fc- cn Tt cn Ov C © Tt Tt r- oo vo fc-Tt Tt in rH Tf T] Tf so rr CS CS fc- CS rt Ov Ov rH SO VC OO © rH CA *"i Ov m cn OV fc- in © rH Tt 35 CO Tt c VO Ov Tt mm© : : vo cn fc- Tt m c cn in o cs © vo Ov vo Ov HHffl r © 00 n cs Tt o V IT cn ■* co cs cs S3S cs in cn vo cS © -Hinir Tt cn Ov Ov © VO OC VO fc- fc- C-- oo o cN cS c 'H OV © HHC Tt o VD •- cn cn n m cn V o m ir VO vo fc- vc vo fc- VD fc- cn © fc- cn © hh CA vc rH CA vp_ 3 O ov" CN 1 ' cs ©rtrt rt \\o vc r) ©cs V0V1H Ov cS © fc- «n rt rt fc- 00 fc- 00 T s VO fc- fc- VD oo cn ov m Ov C t- m cn es cs os ri Ov Ov *- rH 0O cn VO CS -H VC cn Tt c RS Ov in CS Tt o C- VO ' c- ir cn vc fc- Tj *j3 Cfl o e a ! B ! 3 ! a 3 8 H o g a s. .SS'S rt3 S 19 > £3 > > cfl V 'a > '> Cfl > tf, > tf, > Cfl •3 a | Ih V ~ OJ — u rt a> — 0) "c bJ o 5 o h o b o >- C 3 °3 fl o o 3 fl a 0 3 §3 1 •53 u s (- s U fl. o o O o> y w u u j (A -H , Cfl .—i cfl — *H tH 5 tw <4- 1 tw H- f u_, ti_i ?> 1 tuiu ) (,_, rt- o ver— mber o mber o O 0 t &§ 1 * O 0 t u o> " fl fl ^ | E S * George- umber 0 umber o ttendanc Rupert- umber 0 umber o 1 ° ° "S 1 u k, 5 ricts- mbe mbe To 3 3 3 = 2 3 3 t 1 3 3 t ■5 3 3 8* 5 rt > 2 < 2 < 52 Vi IS ? < 82 | 2 < 82 a 2 < 5 !2i 82 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (43) FOREST SERVICE LIBRARY, 1956-65 Classification Items Catalogued and Indexed 1956 .1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 37 179 170 151 177 1,321 45 266 .109 155 214 1,417 48 177 159 133 230 1,139 43 142 165 130 302 1,502 39 123 200 115 274 999 31 92 135 134 375 878 29 113 140 151 378 911 23 191 110 151 370 1,165 30 .146 92 l'Sl 380 1,263 41 158 73 151 419 1,371 37 Government reports and bulle- 159 Other bulletins and reports 135 142 319 1,197 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 83 vO VO w Pt p H O <; 3 Z < PQ 0 Q Q to m s < "3 K* cfl •a CO § B-1 § 3 | 3 - 5 g fe w ui o < « P j o o S CO PQ u J -; a> ■a B g 1 ■tf 3 w in % •tf it ^ rt cue rt »h © vp fc- cn m rt rH o ^ © OV CS m VO Ov rH cn fc- y-< gv go ©" Mfcnvi © © © th n m CS rt rt * o 8 * § s 8 o © iSo cn rf CA ■X- § 8 o o 8 vo S? vp cn cn >n oo cn vp HH CA 3 in ri VO th as © rt 60 cn cs rt m m Tf m oo c- rt rt © Tt m oo cs vO vo cn oo vo fc- m cS rn cA tn Os oo vn cS 0v cn oo Tien tJ- Ov fc- ih Tt vo in oo r- vo cS oo rt VD o\\ vo fc- oo Tt cn hh 0\\ th Tt m h cn Tt VO" fc- fc^ rt" vo fc^ m ov m cs cn ^, ri cj Tt fc- fc- fc- HH Ov ___? t s CS vO ON fc- tn rs SO »H OO !___. !2 £! ■* ^ © cs m t~- ! rt m oo i fc- oo cs ! OV rt 00 cn cn © © 'vt vo cS fc- Tf cn ->t Ov vo ov 0v © fc- VO cs cs © sal cn -^t ov vo 0v in VO*"qp fc-" as CN Tt 00 m ov o §s w ON t-v© Tt S3 1-1 m m cn fc- «n m (S ^ >n cn m in vC O © *"" ,_, ff. 6 VO m fl *~* VO vo © cs cn ov fc;vo ©, cn ts? A m Ov vo vivoh oo in oo 00 Tt rt r?fc^vo cs cn © T> O0 cn os cn ©" cn vo" cS cn © HH OV rn oo Tt vo cn cs H rt Tf © oo CO in s?« m O .3 ■a co h » *tf H H ej B & •B B u _SS rt "3 S is6* ° n» d TJ | rt 3 .S & UJ U3 o OJ (h £ I a -a .5 0 0 H H o o !* cfl O 3 3^ § *a o f^ rt H bn .5 o a "3 B a x a o c3 . "a ^ o ° j; S >^ »f B 8 B. cfl o 3 3" tB * rt a m'b rt Q rt co O 3 SS •C 69 rflfi T3 O S * s s •a s o 3 -o V Hi . Cfl _1 Oh ■ & i a i ■§28 „ „ « 1 i I i .§1 rt?3 3 ■C O H O O « H W W tH II IS •s§ 2 a ^P ^•a ii s cn rt 3 _ lu •T3 --H £> 8M '"" H ta -3 , 84 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES v-i aim Cj 6DVO 9 rt.I ■> >OV j w PI w\\ OV © ■• j >u Tt_ IS ©^ ©_ © vovo^©th cnoovo* mcnrnooovfc-cn^-cnoornvorv.©cSfc-cncSOVTtTtvocOrti rtQrt(^rgT-tf>vS\\Ofc-©cnv^Tt^Ofc-CO'Hrfc-rtOOrtt--© vomrtrtivO'HmTHVovomcjvcnooiH © cS rl co >h H rt CS OV oO CS*nrti«-iTtOvo\\0\\.>-nTt'-< hC\\_c1 iHVp©oovoinrt r- © vo vp !t^cnTtmo\\cnov© m c^ so Os i^-(STt»nincocp© ©Ttrtm iTHrsr-rtOTtfc-cn OV vo Ov >—i © cn Ov fc- Tt vo-^-cs©-^tc-vocn^-© flO\\TtO9VHAH0\\t- cs^ 05 cs rn fc- m^ rt cn Tt m vo~fc-" ©fvfmrffS 00 rt OV cn rt VD Ov I VD z w Q < ui H Ph PC] PQ a D h. p-l Z p4 o PQ Pi S s m 1— m o. Ovcoho CS CS Ov © m© cn Tt HHfn cnrHrHrHrnqpciVicnOsoorH th t-~ h mififc cnovo© ©cnvD Tt©rH cS'Ortt— vo" vo m m as Os 00" *-T CS rt rt fc- cS oOoocJcncSvOoocnrti© S'H-rtioO'^t,incSoo©cn „ -rt CS <=>_ ""I "* *"^ *i CS in" ov ©~ © rn cn 00 m ihhis vo Ov fc^ fc- rt cn fc- Tt 00 m cs 00 © cn rs vD cs in h rt © ■3- Ov m 00 00 VO" r^ ©" VO" rt" CS rt cs QVTtooov lcncnTtO*fc-cnfc-©cnfc- ©ricnOv l©cnoortfc-r-cncS'Hcs ©vo^cn iv^^,,~,'-,,^.rr>r*TtOv_ri Tt cs" r--" i vo" A © m cs" vo* c--" A TH& fc- rt 3 fc- H Tt OO co vp m © cs T-F cn © 00 ih Ov cn cn rt © in OV © rv) © in cs a\\ m ca ov © fc- © Ov Tt cn 00 fc- m cs rt ov ov © cs vo Cn bo 00 © Ov © Tt Ov s Qv © cn vp fc- qo Ov cn cn vo cs m Ov Tt cn cs 60 00 vd vO 00 © m cs fc- cn rn cn t m fc- vp ov 00 vp = fc- CS 00 C^ vp cn v Ov cS vp cn ^ !©©vooo 00 cS vp-^-rt I ov m Ov vp vo" fc" fc" cn i co" Tt 0" cs rt 00 m © MONhCO ^«HO ir*vpvooooo lcn©oocn . J © th i^-ifgrtt-vo icJvfc-r—cn rt m_ m m cn ob cs^ tJ cS 00 nq cj ^ ^ *o rf -rf A A cs" rt vd" i m" cs ©" co j cf m 00" rt : Tt g\\ cn ! rH © ov y-H QS Tf m m cn VD Tt OV rt cl cn Ov cs *1 °°, Tj, ^ © m* rt rt CS 60 rt cn CS rt ■- « « So ra O —9 C i 52» = gg?Srt,-2lJ.g2 . 0 « £ o o a x x £ & & g « H1I1 •a ? i 6 S ! si ss ID cn I t-t! I 5 f5 *tf - g ■§ 5 5 .s a j o ft5 .5: 'MioPS! REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 85 TOTAL AMOUNT OF TIMBER SCALE BILLED IN BRITISH COLUMBIA DURING THE YEARS 1964 AND 1965 IN F.B.M. (53A) (All products converted to f.b.m.) Forest District 10-year Average. 1956-65 1964 Increase Decrease Net Increase Vancouver Prince Rupert (C.).. Totals, Coast... Prince Rupert (I.).. Prince George _ Kamloops Nelson Totals, Interior. Grand totals _ 3,700,196,468 477,415,018 4,392,978,408 577,798,368 4,489,965,270 659,941,062 96,986,862 82,142,694 4,177,611,486 | 4,970,776,776 | 5,149,906,332 290,052,168 891,511,310 1,180,332,607 659,259,226 412,424,707 | 1,165,780,823 | 1,449,044,609 918,011,046 I 402,968,493 1,210,468,621 1,358,088,653 908,545,897 3,021,155,311 [ 3,945,261,185 [ 3,880,071,664 179,129,556 - 9,456,214 44,687,798 90,955,956 9,465,149 | 65,189,521 | .. 7,198,766,797 | 8,916,037,961 | 9,029,977,996 A I I 113,940,035 TOTAL AMOUNT OF TIMBER SCALE BILLED IN BRITISH COLUMBIA DURING THE YEARS 1964 AND 1965 IN CUBIC FEET (53B) (Conversion factors: Coast—6 f.b.m.=1 cu. ft.; Interior—5.75 f.b.m.=1 cu. ft.) (All products converted to cubic feet.) Forest District 10-year Average, 1956-65 1964 1965 Increase Decrease Net Increase 1 616,699,411 79,569,170 732,163,068 96,299,728 748,327,545 109,990,177 16,164,477 13,690,449 Prince Rupert (C.) Totals, Coast 696,268,581 828,462,796 858,317,722 29,854,926 50,443,855 155,045,445 205,275,236 114,653,778 71,726,036 202,744,491 252,007,758 159,654,095 70,081,477 210,516,282 236,189,331 158,007,982 1,644,559 7,771,791 15,818,427 1,646,113 525,418,314 686,132,380 674,795,072 11,337,308 1,221,686,895 1,514,595,176 1,533,112,794 18,517,618 . 86 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES S PhPh' o H Q B pi w > o u C/_ H O 13 Q O ui Ph 3 < b y rt HH O W Pt Vi 5 g n CS m a r" rr- OS VP O eS © icn Tf SO SO OO VP 0\\ m h 8 00 00 00 m th ,fc- w vp Tt Vp VP OO Tt fc~ fc- o av ov ov ov ■«* © m © OV H Ov Ov Ov cS © co 00 © !Ov oo m Tt © lH in © 00 c_S •* vp Tt rl cn o\\ 60 © Tt , in rtrt cn o\\ §£ cn cs Ov oO cs 66 - cS cn © 00 m vp c-o cn © Tt m Tt T? y-H Tt 00 11 3c sa in Ov Ov cS rt in © cs © CS ^ th m th in 00 6s oo m m cs 00 cs cn vo cn Tt CO cn cs vp jt oo es c. 5 © ovr" c S CS 00 c ^ ov 06 © C0~ T 60 fc- m CS i : cs u ov vp VD j ^ H it s i i m 1 s- 0 rn vp" m VP i i i i vp ^ © CS Ov * H TH OS s © fc- 00 V CN] cn v IS cn" cn OO pv" t fc- CS c > ^ ov m i< 1 *i ©"fc^ c 0 00 cT Tt t Tt f vp 6b vD cn c h m m in 60 cn © Tt r - CS O-, ov Tt fc^fc^ c ** 0^ 1-8 ^Ph © oo 1 Ov VD fc* c m ^- vp i n" Tt" n m IS IS rH vp in c 0 H rn : th cn v n" 0^ CS ! ri th cS r n in _*Q -tt hh cA Ov pv r h m 00 cs tH fc- fc- © t rtS 1 cs cs m OV Vp Tt 1 pCoo fc- rn as CA cn t - m to rn gv Tt Tt rt < © 0 vp m c ^ cn "a m Ov Tt S fc- m 8-? Tt qv co ov ov V p © m Tt cS cn m c - cn fc- F- ± S r? co c-i m © m CS cn m i n in u co cs vp © vp 1 n cn C- cn O ov 00 00 vp c S cn o CS m 00 00 tH fc- fc- V 0 Tt 1 oo © 00 rt rt cS m » H tp tn vp pv m © 1 h r-- u Ov cS rS cn pv © c n m a. rt oo m cs O 00 rt r* © - rt rt c 5 1. rH gT 00 m cn c_S c cs" 0 © u 61 © © 00 m " OV^ vq ft O^ fr£ rt"(N Tt" Op" CS* Tf ©" V Os ** © © 3 fc- vo fc- rJ c 2 ^ vU g Tt fc- t vo fc- rH OV n cs_ O A a*oo"cs*in v 00 cs rt cn v 1 vp CS rt t Tt §s vo in rH © W) r h r- 00 m 00 0 h c T © OV TH -; cn cs ov cn c rv © u cn vp 0" osTfsQOst: rv © 2 vp cs OV fc- as vDr Tt m ■* oO r oo 66 ■■T cn ii 0 cn i CS co r "> Tl m fc- _ ^- OV Tt Tt © rn Ov © r i fc- U SS 00 O rt m Tt r cn -^ cs c H OV •> rH ov ** © rH C A CS tH »H © vp vo"" pv cS ■* u OQVOI f m tj- ov c 1 H m fc- © -t cn fc- cs ©_ ^ Oi 00 "-t m" CS cn Tt c; 3 cn b OO Ov CO cs m c- u t cn fc-^Tt cs m ov^t— c -1 m E in© vp" rt cs* cn" 0 D Tt" 60 -vt CS rn Tf m <; ? cn rH H rt IS rt c i. ri *+ A J CS U i J 3 5 O g w *- r°, t* P OJ Ph rt Ph U Z h vp fc- cs vp Ov ov OV 8 Tt Ov m cn J3 fc- 00 O Ov 0 8 rt IS fc- m fc-" 8 fcf A ^"^" vp vp m m 00 60 vp fc- cn cn H fc- OV Ov to a © © © fc- © fc- © fc- pi tHC5 h u oTrt © ©" © vp Ov m ^_n~ oS © < m m vo v vp -*t •h ts vfTov" vp vp" CS © m cn rH m Tt Tt 1> rt CO* rA 00 CS cs in © •* 00 Q> OV JS rH m rH cn © S V Tt Tt cs m fc- m ©^ i-9 rtS^. cn cn Tt m 00 00 cs" vp vp cS cs gv OV Ov X.R, ¥ m* cn* cS Tt VC ©" Tt © ' t Tt vp pv 00 fc- ,TH £H f- C 0 m m fc- m *t icn 6 cS cn 1 n vp fc. cn rt rt m vp c TV fc- 00 Tt © s 0 m 00 c n cn c— as m 1 ccj t> OV t - m 00 00 cn VD ca t- fc- 1 n 00 " fc- cn © cn m rn fc- cn c ^ 00 pv c 0 00 vo fc- m cn 0 fc- fib v 0 os © cS rn VD cn 0 1 rn © * vp © v t rH CS m rt 0 rt m © 0 m CS rt_ t n oO H>t cn Is 0) m" fc" c 0 ov m fc- cS cs" m Tt c 5 rt rt Tt Tt cS 1 n cn C ^ m is rn in Tt in «h v 0 CS cn O ^ * CS tn vp t pv rn m fc^ 60 m -^ ! Tt © s > rt © vp 00 OP n cS cn Tt 0^ Tt rH OS C. z> m Pv m fc-" 00 ■\\h Uh cn Tt c 0 CJV © ^~ Tt CS vp fc- c n m cs fc- rn fc- fc- vp •- t a §8" m $> ov c 5 ts fc- rH C •A cn j | j U O O (3 O 3 M s_/ rt ^_/ ♦_ 0 «. 0 j i ft cn ft O _ J v? Xt O v 3 ra 3 u s § P< | PiO §• O (D P. Ii O O C our1 0 cj *d S c a a a E s 0 § rt > rU p- Hz REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 87 TOTAL SCALE OF ALL PRODUCTS BILLED IN 1965 IN F.B.M. (55-4) (SEGREGATED BY LAND STATUS AND FOREST DISTRICTS) Land Status Vancouver Prince Rupert (Coast) Prince Rupert (Interior) Prince George Kamloops Nelson Total Special timber licences Timber berths Timber leases Pulp leases Pulp licences Band-loggers' licences . Farm wood-lots Timber sales No mark visible Tree-farm licences Miscellaneous Sub-totals, Crown lands Federal lands Crown grants— To 1887 1887-1906 190&-1914 1914 to date _ Totals _. 963,414. 99,039. 117,372. 37,862. 14,457. 32. 443, 1,257,450. 205,181. 606,114. 2,751. .168 ,228 ,462 .418 636 292 ,988 450 ,784 780 005 17,669,676 10,608,684 51,387,954 276,314,904 307,102 286,073,684 238,213,392 10,012,998 3,304,120,212 24,146,688 972,612,234 56,705,382 22,133,430 110,247,324 92,226,912 3,393,058 604,207,608 24,205,950 291,300 4,163,568 2,963,010 24,109,626 382,000,756 1,058,287 294,118 2,760,357 16,854,975 4,489,965,270|659,941,062 402,968,493 6,288,482 17,824,672 56,910,930 18,780,477 38,810,775 456,930 1,034,259,595 125,862 943,407,801 83,967,129 17,831,630 68,380,052 35,875,314 163,294 509,596,407 210,650,939 5,706,519 1,023,977,475 194,760,933 117,372,462 48,471,102 65,845,590 32,292 1,497,176 4,307,102,841 205,181,784 ,1,299,553,204 75,570,525 1,142,803,766 31,504 792,488| 231,569 7,138,165 1,122,524,631 37,104,813 40,848,219 22,336,749 32,406,281 59,471,1291 102,867,960 783,708,411 1,808,364 13,648,447 61,136,490 15,653,800 32,590,385 7,339,365,384 88,355,606 1,028,192,688 144,867,876 83,055,043 346,141,399 1,210,468,621 1,358,088,653;908,545,897|9,029,977,996 TOTAL SCALE OF ALL PRODUCTS BILLED IN 1965 IN CUBIC FEET (SEGREGATED BY LAND STATUS AND FOREST DISTRICTS) (55B) (Conversion factors: Coast—6 f.b.m.=1 cu. ft.; Interior—5.75 f.b.m._=1 cu. ft.) Land Status Vancouver Prince Rupert (Coast) Prince Rupert (Interior) Prince George Kamloops Nelson Total 160,569,028 16,506,538 19,562,077 6,310,403 2,409,606 5,382 2,944,946 1,093,649 3,099,943 9,897,553 3,266,170 6,749,700 170,973,736 33,153,791 19,562,077 1,768,114 8,078,517 8,564,659 10,974,265 5,382 73,998 209,575,075 34,196,964 101,019,130 458,501 53,409 49,751,945 79,466 179,871,234 21,889 164,070,922 28,399 88,625,462 257,161 46,052,484 737,947,122 34,196,964 Tree-farm licences- Miscellaneous 39,702,232 1,668,833 16,039,463 590,097 14,602,979 3,101,153 11,892,183 6,239,185 36,634,946 992,438 219,890,933 13,050,207 Sub-totals, Crown lands 550,686,702 4,024,448 162,102,039 9,450,897 3,688,905 18,374,554 100,701,268 4,034,325 48,550 693,928 493,835 4,018,271 66,434,914 184,050 198,748,481 5,479 137,824 40,273 1,241,420 10,342,805 195,221,675 6,453,011 7,104,038 3,884,652 5,635,875 17,890,080 136.297,115 314,498 2,373,643 10,632,433 2,722,400 5,667,893 1,248,090,155 15,015,811 Crown grants— To 1887 . 171,766,094 1887-1906 1906-1914 1914 to date 51,151 480,062 2,931,300 24,753,334 14,262,497 59,224,903 Totals - 748,327,545 109,990,177 70,081,477 210,516,282 236,189,331 158,007,982 1,533,112,794 88 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES 1 w 3 o ft, Q Z < co I Z o 3 PQ ON o z I-H Pi p a CQ s 3 o o a 05 a! pq Q W P HH 05 W a! 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1 1 > 04 £ Ph M z h REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 89 VOLUME OF WOOD REMOVED UNDER RELOGGING AT REDUCED ROYALTY AND STUMPAGE, 1956-65, IN THOUSANDS OF CUBIC FEET (57) (1956-63—Vancouver Forest District only. 1964-65—Vancouver and Prince Rupert.) Year 1956- 1957_. 1958.. 1959.. 1960.. Salvage Wood (M Cu. Ft.) _ 1,795 _____ 3,663 1,427 1,257 1,976 Year 196L. 1962.. 1963- 1964.. 1965.. Salvage Wood (M Cu. Ft.) . 1,813 2,580 3,217 5,224 6,987 Ten-year average, 1956-65: 2,994 M cu. ft. 90 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES fcTfmrtTfcney.vpmsH rtO\\incoinovrtovov£_ m Tf 3 OJ VP VP Tf fc^ fc^ Tf pv (S_ Tf Ov Tii — to fc fc^cScnoooOTfooTfrH rt©infcmfcfc-oo©<-j o cj cn H< Tf©csp\\cofcvpesoocn vpTfoo"ovpenvoocoOv cscncnTfTfmmvovpfc- ©" m u OvPcncneNcNeNvpfcTf rHfcpsTfOTfCSOT©^ CJ •a fc OJ rtp cfl cj o *5 vo 3"^ , IO 3 B h fccOrtTftSOTOcscn'O © ON Ph 1* Tfmvpvpfcfccocooofc- fc ,—I 03 H V Ococoovmcn©Tf©co en b cscoomfc-ONTfcsmfc cn Tf ho n ov Ov h °\\Q\\ cn vp tfl - O H (h P oo o" cn" cs cs" A Tf Tf Tf cn CJ tt 5*^ ea o A. efi (_ 3 tH •a u TfvpmcscSTfovmPv© vp© cn cn" oC vo vo en" ov © © <. fcCOOTCOCOO\\©CSrHCS Ov p tfl ^ rt-H rH rHrH rH z 11 Ph z •< •CA< J3 u is rtenfcpVTfcNvpvpOTcS C7\\ G tt > O CSOTfcfcpvOTO"=fTfm Ov CScNcScScSCNcncnencn CS > 1,041 5,193 9,681 3,200 7,581 5,164 5,666 2,712 2,553 9,452 § CM IH t3 cfl cs m S VO©OvO©TfVPfc OT© <; entmmmvpvpvpfc- 9i a u p< t A. 0 o Q h is Z h irno ^ in c) c. m co h cn 3 w 1* rHTHCScScScNcNCSCN^ cs P o w z 4> > vofcenovvoTfrtTfmt*~- m ™ Tfmt— fc-o.o\\o\\fc-oofc- 3 'Z- oocsfcpv^-mrtfcvpin < rt £ M © A pC rt" A fc Tt o" vp vp oofcTfmooiHmfcTfOv fit 2 vp oo en oo ©^ © O O^ rt is TfTfininvpt>fc^fc^fc^oo en vo tt £ ej a O — u C C 3 , CO E <-t cncnfcvpfcpvpvpvov© _* 3 H CSCNcScncnencncncn'T cn tt s I* < o & ti hi tt d oj ■=3 t3 o -a c oj 3 rt 2 S tt &§ p vp I Ov O u IB z ^ rt ii OO rt R o rt Ih ■HI Q. i > O cj it 0 H X rH ^ m< 00 in v£ r- oc a © es f in H N m "n m ir VP vp so vp VP Vp a o a a a a a CT o ON . REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 91 tt m < o -j < < P z z < Q w > o ui PL, eu < Pt w Q Z P g rt tt PL, O < w rt < o rt tt GO tt o tt a o oi 0. tt tt < tt o tt tt < u Cfl -i < tt o tt vo m in oo fc- TH © fc vp m a- CSCSOTOVCSfc©rtVJT>fc VI rtl cocorHovoTfcncnmen fc^ fc^ »h ov m" m" en" fc-" en" Tf pv rn rt^ OOrtVOOOTcnvPONTfm,© *_. o cNrHOoencnOOencScn :IO ™ 3 rtfcvprtp>(S©csenrH!\\o rHmescsmvoocnoN© © u encn^-mvpfcovoON'-^ifc- A rH | rtTtVPfcO©©©rtVp Tf ooenTfoo©©o©rtfc •a V ©OOOVrtmrtpvVD.Tf Tf-rtni^vOir^cSVDrnrH^O CO -C iSS m 5 3 3H en rf cs A os en en" o" m r- pv ^t cs m cs ov © m = Z£ Ov aj 0 cS cn cn rn cs en cs H oo Ih M OJ u fcvpTf^fcvpcSenvpvp TfOTfc©pvp\\rtmCSfc; Ttcsoomvpfcmfcfcoo rs I _Q OJ Tf Z o oo Cfl cfl © oo oo" oo" m Tf" cs fc" A On m" eno\\Opio\\enmrtrH© oo x: 1 Tf^-TfcnTfTfmvpmm Tf D Oh Sir rtienfc-pvTfcsvpvpoocN Ov 3 R csoofcfcpvooOTfTfm Ov !■" CNcScNcScScSencncnen CN rtj ©©0©©0©0©tS ©©©©OOOOOcn ©©^©©©©©©©fc^ ;* Q. & U 00 M tt. cs"fc-cnoo"cn"cNooincnfc i 6 Ih _u vpcNovOMTffcOTfOO J3 oommcnvoOTvOcnmm m rt a 0 en fc^©csr-inenTfej\\ oo" a) Ih H CScNcncncNenenenen c* _i rt. as z~ rHmvpvomcscsmoo'-1 en rtrtCSCSCSCSCNCSCS cn Tf CN Cfl « lHmenmpvTfovpvcn Tf tt. CSfcTfcninO\\Ovcn©fc 0 *"* **1 *l *K ^* » t vc fc- oc O C r. e*- Tf m V m m VO VC VC vo vo vo a a a a a a a 0> a- CJV a tu a (LI 4J tt U I d rt CD o a 0 g O J3 .5 0) . T3 OJ i QJ rt O & s o o ttH o O 3 0 a 0 .5 ... Cfl cfl OJ 3 S H rt to o M 8 t*H rt tt< i s J^ U, ■H o cfl "C ra 1 Cfl > o cfl S fl T3 P Tj s 3 0 H H 64 n 92 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (6°) LOGGING INSPECTIONS, 1965 Type of Tenure Operated Number of Inspections Made ForesC DislricC Timber Sales Leases, Licences, Crown Grants, and Other Tenures Total Timber Sales Other Tenures Total 1,176 803 1,606 1,892 754 6,231 1,734 419 2,142 1,289 930 6,514 2,910 1,222 3,748 3,181 1,684 12,745 3,363 2,749 6,122 3,229 2,406 17,869 2,328 860 841 ' 1,235 1,101 6,365 5 691 3,609 6,963 4,464 3,507 24,234 Totals, 1965 Totals, 1964 6,557 6,560 13,117 17,789 13,311 31,100 Tntnls, 10K1 6,926 7,168 14,094 18,021 7,189 25,210 Totals, 1962 7,079 6,645 13,724 18,602 6,353 24,955 Totals, 1961 7,088 6,463 13,551 18,330 6,242' 24,572 Totals, 1960 _ . . 7,249 5,120 12,369 C1) (1) 26,151 Totals, 1959 . 6,273 4,898 11,171 (!) (1) 26,912 Totals, 1958 5,936 4,341 10,277 (!) (!) 23,802 Totals, 1957. . — . . 7,503 5,940 13,443 (i) (i) 25,253 Totals, 1956 7,492 5,841 13,333 (1) (i) 22,038 Ten-year average, 1956-65 6.R33 1 5.949 12,782 25,423 i No breakdown made prior to 1961. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 93 ■o. On CO tt CO CO < tt CO W Pi H C (0 s a e- " s IS*as*9 a 8 ■P3B eg. Shsg8 g o cS I m *n » oo ^ m On ©mo s fc Tf m fc >n Tf CS cs m vp 3 H cn CO § m A vp Tf O fc 8 R vp cn Tf §: s $ m R a fc m $ © » m Si 00- in ea U £. &^ rs cn & rn cn O cn cn m ■n I i ' Tf 00 m © vp © m Ov vo © © On Tt fc- m oo oo Os fc rt io vp Ov oo es cn th Tf Tf rf m o\\ pTt> vp rf rn vp fc cn vp Tf fc- fc- oo cn cn en en en m cn m fc- m Tf 0v ■^ en vp rt oo Sen oo oo © vp Hh rt Tf tH Oh 0 & ir Tt en vp VP CN vp On VC © o OT On fc- m On VO m On S c. Cfl Cfl tn V cfl V (fl w_ V, a OO OOOOO OOO o HHHHHHHHHHH o u o _2 £ (i tl u "3 O > P* (Jhw; 94 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES AREAS EXAMINED BY THE FOREST SERVICE FOR MISCELLANEOUS (62) PURPOSES OF THE LAND ACT, 1965 Forest District Applications for Foreshore Leases Applications to Purchase Miscellaneous Total Number Acres Number Acres Number Acres Number Acres Vancouver . Prince Rupert 14 26 166 1 460 | 13 253 774 3 11 258 825 18 50 677 2,059 Totals 40 626 1 14 1,027 14 1,083 68 2,736 1 (63) AREAS CRUISED FOR TIMBER SALES, 1965 Forest District Number Cruised Acreage Saw- timber (MC.F.) Pit-props, Poles, and Piles (Lin. Ft.) Shingle- bolts and Cord- wood (Cords) Railway Ties (No.) Car Stakes, Posts, Shakes, etc. (No.) 442 200 245 313 157 89,967 44,528 94,374 132,188 135,197 323,123 90,817 169,4X4 181,569 187,062 800 115,000 200,000 2,158,000 176,600 2,801 900 1,850 2,065 4,000 3,000 18,100 38,000 Nelson 924,000 Totals, 1965 1,357 496,254 951,995 2,650,400 7,616 1 987,100 Totals, 1964— 1,709 661,821 1,107,428 2,944,004 25,154 478,520 Totals, 1963 _ 1,862 716,699 1,165,976 3,887,525 32,519 656,680 Totals, 1962 . 1,871 615,500 921,710 18,508,084 19,340 564,865 Totals, 1961 1,892 720,144 1,027,243 7,687,920 14,798 24,000 1,395,285 Totals, 1960 - ..... 2,122 767,351 1,142,479 8,807,614 29,050 13,809 1,405,370 Totals, 1959, _ 2,317 681,550 877,370 7,387,960 27,753 26,875 1,124,400 Totals, 1958 1,922 609,563 890,285 8,772,888 24,316 34,430 1,146,719 Totals, 1957 2,582 781,748 1,171,283 16,099,489 39,254 95,209 1,149,133 Totals, 1956 _ - 3,089 1,095,150 1,273,970 13,981,856 44,287 128,432 1,916,510 Ten-year average, 1956-65- 2,072 714,578 1,052,974 9,072,774 ! 26,409 32,276 ■ 1,082,458 (64) REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 TIMBER-SALE RECORD, 1965 95 Forest District Sales Made Sales Closed Total Sales Existing Total Area (Acres) Area Paying Forest-protection Tax (Acres) Total 10-per-cent Deposit Vancouver 371 134 258 309 184 499 221 322 335 154 1,603 956 1,178 1,617 694 592,894 ' 395,729 656,947 983,386 620,661 553,232 365,366 575,191 943,114 580,260 $6,382,295.40 1,677,674.04 2,659,923.29 Kamloops , — Nelson 3,760,217.87 2,085,746.83 Totals 1,256 358 1,531 ' 6,048 3,249,617 3.017.163 $16,565,857.43 1 fi14 [ 1 1 96 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES 0 tt Q s I Vi W 25 w a p O tt O c E a o o "rt S fcJ OO $■ cA cn :as vp TO vo en en r- © cs vp CN Ov © Tf on .in cs r- m m r-i ■* r-i vp m CS fc- oo vo m vo Tf Ov [S ON en n", en Tf fc^ If pv" o" Tf cs" A VP m vp fc- © Ov' fc^ CO vo" en" r- OV r>r pT rs Tf in ON vO [- ■./. m 00 O CS ^ *H rH m CO r- vo TO ^ t~~ vp sO TO fc C » 00 fc r.mo\\Tt cn "* ES m ■* vc vq en m ts 00 3 •B « & +-< tfl C gjl TH VP " cn o ci tf c. m cn Tf m Tt r- fc- m fc s B "o > Ov © CJ •* OO en m m o ri 0 § c o vp m oo vp cn © oo o © m o m «* r. J. .-. O « 2 °° H-ci rt ♦'So m pv oo m cs 00 fc; r^ CA m TO t- i> Os ▼f <* 00 O -firfH rt r- vo CN A d •d1 2 vd fc^ Ov cn BB — — — — - — — — -- «j h£™ u m oo m en m vp VC — cn oc o-> _ MD m Tf en E "3 > fc- fc- oo 00 a 0 > n tn in en r- vC © fc; © vp cn vo CO is C oo Ov Ov \\p Tf Ov Ov __ en oi w* l> oo pv vd cc A CO CO Tf Ov oO Ov pv pv ON OT CO CO ov r^ fc- TO Ov r- 00 v-. rt H n ON 00 t— 00 _> oo o fc- m © © m CS cn tn vp s l> fc- cn oo © fc- o TO a- as ON ^ fc- OT flj VO_ CS © «H rH^ CS m OO 00 ON CN vp cn o PQ E-S Tf" m A © A cs cc as Tf m 0v d fcj" A Tf o vp -* vp r- © 3* OV ■o Tj" ON cn en m VC © > rH rH rH in fc- vo in fc- m in m in ^ VP t.rt2rt_i£ T3 HOvrONfc «* m OV 00 o Tf OS m u fc- vp oo eS vp OT OT On m en NO -* Tf m © •a en rt cS m cA VP CN •-3 °i. m oo CS 3 "u 1-1 CS CS 1-1 ri Ol" cs" fcf cs cs CS * S5 «__J ! m fc- en en TO m CN n Tf m Ov en ™ rt : en cn r-H co m oo fc- 'Sj ON en xj- o o-, u» ! tS cn cn ^ en CA fcl ri r-i en Ov cs o en en fci si: •a T3 s H^MO\\rJ fc- en in © oo vp vo cs OV fc- en VP g ~>5v>> rt in Ov s _n TT r-i en ri ON tn m rH rs en th cs oo r- vp TO Ov ON cs cs sC cs OO Ov a Ov cn e*l oo © in © vp Tt cs TO -* m fc; tn ri ci es. en en fc^ OV fc^ rt ^D fc* n n a. vp ■h g c .^_ a. rt-i E "t^vet-fc CO cn cs Tf VO m TO m 00 r- Os O o 00 fc- cs 3 (N z ^_ w U !n n vp en en tN Ov y-H Ov fc; S rn © ^ n VO ON Tt Tf vp i> m rt S © CO d fci © r~" d fS fc^ © ft 9 Ov Pv Ov Ov PN Ov OT Ov Ov 3N TO ON ON TO OV 5a rt H (H «3 .O S 3 HOVH"** m cs m ov vp en rt cS tS rn « cn CO rn in 5v m o * cn __, PQ ON CN m N n ■» 50 rs s fc- O c cn fc- rs CN '-* MM i j j i i m' tt vp rt m to Os rt *-* a - m T* cn ts *-• © SO VD VP vd vd VO 3v 00 fc- VP n m m m Pn Ov Ov av Ov Ov 3v Ov av ov »H »H IH ,__, ^h ^H Cfl tfl Vi Vi Vi Vi © >% v CD d « rt rt rt rt rtrtrtrt i on a g a Ii p o o o o o OOOO E vu S3 i a & i H H H h h H 1 H H H H s* o o o g 5 U ° ° 3 8 o b a E •r P- P- 4> z REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 97 in so OS Pi v\\ w Ui O tt > tt Q ui a ut i Vi W yA 3 rt w pq 9 HH H n S rt Cs z£*B£ Ort S o 0. rt zog rv 4_L> <*> °.sjs Z to Zu H o o zo 03 ZB. Q_. ,M. fc fc CS OV rH th m th as cn CN Vj> tH ,-h 66 cn © 00" pC »n vp 00 vp cS en VO ON ON Tf VP © 00 co m i Tt : 1 1-1 i O 00 i a tH CO t— 00 cn fc Ov vp fc on fc VO 00 so fc VC so s Tf CA r-J 3 m OT vn rn fc vn CA s in Tf fc VO vo vo on on (Ts m m vp Tt cs CS cs cs CN CN h m 00 m vo ON Tf VO Os en vc Os S O rt VC Ov VC OV a ir O cc ir 0> fc m ON VO m ON CO Cfl Cfl EB tfl Cfl rtcartrtrtrtrtrtrtra 5 o o o o ,o o p a a c E 3 1 3 E J >cl,£MZ 98 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES 0 z 2 p a Vi W HI < Vi Ui tt ea Z o GO tt tt t) < I) Pi tfl fe O o c H h tt rt o w tt tt C) tt ca z tt < tt Ol Q tt BJ O til rt Q tt /, W5 ^ >- ~ aa ui C pq r/i < C/1 w tt a< tt W 0 < tt 3 tt tt n tt 0 < rt tt > < ^ e © c c c © © M © © © © © © © o u Tt in as cn oo © on Tt u . * 0\\ i-< *-» r-« CN fc; vo « &iH oo cS O cn cn cn es" 00 V Dipt. rti i> vp vp © m" vd rn y "Jf ; o a),.- m TH TH lH en c »0 J 1 ' 1 1 1 m © o in m o m oo cn es cs cn m ■__: onu m © © © m m © i CN m in oo cs cS cs cs CS M © cs d © © ©" © Cfl ps © ts' CN* ©' d © o* © E S» V5- aj «■ v> 8 n* en © Tf (S o vp Ov m tj *H . rg,o 0. (j tn pv ts cn fc cn m © £g.O en m fc O m m oo 00 CA rt rt OO fc vp vp m tSl vo cs cn r-' cs' t-i rt CN oo m OT rt cn en en Tf ft, O v> &> < W- © a. ■ en rf m © © Tf Tf © QJ ■ rt rt cn VD Tf rt Tt O (S vo vo © cn ON en ov © Pv © Tt ov VO 3(j cn cn, to cs cn m m o — co oo m m vo in vo *f 0 — rn o m in rt Tf oo m in Tt cn th oC H rH *** Tt vp rt cn vp t-. o m m gftjll ©©©©moo © p\\ VO CN CS rt fc- s ii «&PH ©©©©©©© © cS oo m m fc oo © © A A odi Tf © Tf iri ,H th Tf A m A vd en -_H* •g&d m © o mo CS © rt *>, ■ Ch Cr V CS rH 1 L _! l _! J m © © m © o es 2 m Ov cs ts cn CN vi m oo o. cS vp cs es CJ jo tf © CN d ©' o' © .— tf d ts' © d d © d «- «■ CJ a_> a CO t>e- ^ OJ . tu rn © vo cn in vo O Tf « , Ph" m © fc cn ov © m vp 1 xf ov cn ov ts fc- ov t> S Uto. Tf c-l Os TO ON oo vp VD u fc fc O H o M CN in m Tf cn cs <-H ts cs cn" ffi ft, (J «■ *-< *«■ J3 5 ft. y 4A V3- E* ch pv cs Tf cn fc cn St.* (S ^h m m co rn as Ov m m rn o cs cn cs fc >2 Ov OO OV TO Tt © © 3U Ov v—i Tt^cn cn O rH m l—i to vo oo es en mA CS" s-h" © A Tt ©" 2 CS" On" vp" fc" © fc" >2 o" rt fs| cn 00 " tH o © © © m o m © tH © I © © © © © QJ . cn h © m es m o © sU . o i OV OO Tf © Tf ii p~l±, vp' en fc* ts cs m d fc* ii &&4 en* j Tf m* fc' Tt* fc* •[.So "7 "7 i i j © o o mo © .5 .rtju,; t^ i i i 1 1 © © © o =. Tt 00 CN CN CN CN I ts Tf vo cn CS tf CN CN CN © © © tf ! © d © O* © rt fee- V5- Ph O o m tfl- u _.tt h © h vp in cn pv © » w&j © ! © cn vc Ov u •egd vo rt Tt en rN Tf oo_ OO £s,y o Os CN CN oo fc 0 vd en fc' ri oi rs cs" Tt" CJ cn rt en CN CN cs o. 0 » TO on •a o r4 a. (j «■ ' ■ Tf u • en en o os cn on ■—i aj . rt : eS Tt © fc E* TO cS © vp pv fc Tf TO cs CN CO CS rt vo rt if OV^TO O 00 oo" cn Tf in m m" >2 o © m cs fc- tSm en OT >s Tf Cn rH m u © © © © © o © Ih © ©o © W . so oo © vp ej . vo CN fc fc; O D-H, rt vp Tt ©' d ov rt u O-d, Tt" m vd vd .y u r v" en rn i i m oo 33s. 1-1 rtrtrt - OJ a o u i 3 _u ^-N o y C^rH-S > o "S VA irt [fl ^ Urt £ Q q ■ w *__ d> « i-h m |_, -^ Ih o Q -T,., **" *H 00 o ww ii C O O CJ u o ■= c_i a c a a c c c o Ph o H 0 > > ._ 'tt a. 2 .., > > p. ■- a. i. a u z J REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 99 2 rt < tt w m ui tt Z o rt a pa § P < Z o tt V3 u °^ 3 Q w tt tt W OT f^ IH O OT tt H dS Z * < tt ^ tt OT _. w O uZ tt tt CO > oa w W ri tr w tt U w 3 O ^ w rt OT W CJ 5 Pu w o < p. tt 0 < tt tt > < rt. OOOOOO © Ih ©© O © © © © OJ °tt r-_ v_> vc o vo ** t> u rH 00 © CN rt -tf ov ri c. ci ci oi ON U&B, Pn cd en" oo' oo" vp Ov i iiiJ> 1 m •nSd © © © © © m 7 m cn © ov cn cs CN vo oo © on cn eS CS tf cn cs" © © © © Cfl tf cs" cs cS* ©' © © © E rt tfl- g§, 'u tfl- efl- 2 t> oo m cn cn A ca Tf CN CS >s Ov CS rt rt tH (S, 00 Ih © © © ! © © © Ih O © © ! © © © rH O j Tt VO_ s OJ cn to r- Tf Tf cn U « aPn A oc cs* en Tf* ^H « ^PH eS cn en 1 es cn cs" y vur .• u TO SO OO rH 'rtrt 00 vo O OT Tf © -3d rH Q\\ CS rH Tf On" ts vo" en cs" ^2 A A m Cn rH so M ©©©©©© vo m oo © co m © tt. © © o u VO U r> cs CN 8 ^ h oo es in cn cn -_ « °-Uh m" Ov Ov iiiiii 2 C 0i_O : © m 1 m m ov CS en cn fc en 1 © cs cs tf cn" ts' cs' A © ©" © tf cs' © © OJ tJ tfl- » -3 6fl- tfl- u l_tt Ov Ov cS on rt in Tf QJ [!,' III © en © a £&U Tf O Tt fc; CN rn A Tt es' cs' cs" cs" rt A yg.d ft, (j OV Tf ! Tf Tf m Tf" ft, (j «■ tfl- ■ ' ■ tfl- tfl- OJ . Efe fc rt © co cn cS . QJ . ! VO Tf © r- rt oo vo oo m fc gtl. ! >n © vo 3U CS © OV Ov fc Tf Tf ^d : es on *-"„ cs vo" A co Tt A cs cn ^ © © © : © © © u ! © © © © © m ov oo Tf O C-; m m fc; «J at-, "ii,; en en tS iii CN* cn © m en" 7 m 3 C ouU i cs" Tf en" en !c.=_h m m Tt m Os m 3U rH vp Ov oo in J3U CN fcTt "T, >2 rt'cN rt en on" cs CN _. o ©© o © Ih © 1 ^S © CN rt CN P&Uh C cjiU fcgu © , ON Tf Tf QJ O-IJ. On OO OT* PV o © m Ov 7 fc" i ! ©" vp ! i 7, vd I On cn cN cs vo 1 ! CS cs .t: tf en ©do" © a 3 tf cs" ! i d d fc w «- tfl- tfl- « QJ P-l en ] co rt ts cn Ph UJ *3 »VB,' fc- : ; © oo Tf "do 3 £S,U fc. | vp fc en Tf | fci Tt Tf CN © ££d ft. u Tf on en © Ov © oo O D ft, (J tfl- «■ ^ w ■ ■ tfl- QJ . E* OT eS vp fc m OS rH OS vp cn QJ . cn eS cn m r- 3(j © Tf h en © 3U cn Ov cs_ es" rt Tf cn ts £s Q ii U CJ | ^^rt 3 .a '^■/- > O _u '-^ O | ww H Ph 1 Ujh Ih Ch Q +j +_. O H Ih CO O Q *_. -u O tt "— Cfi O QJ CJ Ih O C O O CJ (J "3 3 | *rt O H a > c 'C P- i P- C -- P- "oj z > 1 P- 1 p- 0- fc 100 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES co W tt 3 pt m oa 9 i—. H a o rt tt Q ►H PQ Q Z < H O CJ rt w PQ i p WftS OOO \\ vp vp th m tJ-fc oo m oo Tf vp © Tt Ov cn en OT © OT m en" pv 0O Tf vp cs A 3[S 00 rt « Tt m . 00 Tf ( 00 cs SB tS (S en © CMCS j cSm £6 ! tt tt CI) O CJ tt Oh a o 3 3 o ui Ph tt a H tt O CO J H tt o Z £ CO Q Z < < Vi QJ 5 >> • +- o t^trttt. £._. nj rtCq •3 43Q a_< Wis O WW ° «cn ov © m «jovSi> ^•es *5 (Si m Ill as ws u* OT3H to Oj ca ill 5 • *- O >,t_tt. Hi ra «M •543rv a_ cn m © fc cn m ft 8 en 00 © Tf VD en o cs en en en en cn en Tf «n cs OO en 1 Ov m vp Tf © 5 OT m m m m m m m m cn I rH Ov Cn rH c © rn 00 a OO vp 1 8 ON m ON cn Tf ON cn OT cn cn Ov cn © 5 m on vo cn m m VO 1 S3 I i i i • i i i vo fc Ov i i i i i ■ i t£ O en fc fc Sg 5 cs cs. vp Pv o © eS en t*- oi" fc- fc- cn s 3 z 1 cn CS rt o Ov — vpvpvpvpNpvpmmmm pvpvONOVOVpNpNPvOvpN u 3 a> » §tf0& 8SS|o rt "c "S rt QJ >(-,(_, S_1Z 3 3 _3_3 rt rt *rt *3 p p o o HHHH 33S O O at 102 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES CI) EXPORT OF LOGS (IN F.B.M.), 1965 Species Grade No. 1 Grade No. 2 Grade No. 3 Ungraded Fuel-logs Total Fir 97,405 52,391 5,017,118 3,082,723 126,818 184,672 9,225,970 18,011,529 32 224,223 15,549 1,724,226 727,595 252,644 2,095,000 18,062,314 13,362 1,256 21,835,209 6,323,069 6,324,325 , 515 7,327,954 515 887,854 2,431,946 10,647,754 617 207,293 617 84,618 969,312 — — 1,261,223 Totals, 1965 3,355,224 10,766,201 35,846,770 8,625,979 14,650 58,608,8241 Totals, 1964 .. ,. , 3,748,377 14,590,533 30,789,610 3,740,863 84,834 52,954,217 Totals, 1963 3,468,986 16,149,811 62,790,210 10,274,991 107,529 92,791,527 Totals, 1962 3,773,734 11,215,447 46,151,663 13,143,092 696,436 74,980,372 Totals, 1961 , 9,216,534 28,611,982 48,009,763 12,202,800 3,311,119 101,352,198 Totals, 1960 _. . 1,391,803 5,351,398 20,872,330 11,805,419 890,260 40,311,210 Totals, 1959 486,685 2,601,653 19,608,208 3,999,901 1,839,030 28,535,477 Totals, 1958 734,991 3,727,452 16,164,689 3,715,124 3,762,411 28,104,667 Totals, 1957.... 524,180 3,987,443 | 22,016,291 5,625,910 3,421,354 35,575,178 Totals, 1956 183,859 2,933,129 27,433,037 12,929,722 3,530,479 47,010,226 Ten-year average, 1956-65 2,688,437 9,993,505 32,968,257 8,606,380 1,765,810 56,022,390 1 Of this total, 38,753,555 f.b.m. were exported from Crown-granted lands carrying the export privilege; 19,855,269 f.b.m. were exported under permit from other areas. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 <72> SHIPMENTS OF POLES AND OTHER MINOR PRODUCTS, 1965 103 Forest District and Product Quantity Exported Approximate Value, F.O.B. Where Marketed Canada United States Other Countries Vancouver— Poles lin. ft. Piling „ Stakes and sticks „ Cedar shakes —.pieces Christmas trees „ Fence-posts „ Prince Rupert— Poles __]in. ft. Prince George— Poles . lin. ft. Piling „ Mine timbers . „ Cedar posts pieces Christmas trees „ Kamloops— Cedar poles lin. ft. Poles and piling „ Posts cords Christmas trees.- pieces Nelson— Poles and piling lin. ft. Mine timbers . ,, Palings and pickets ,, Orchard-props ,, Corral rails _ ,, Fence-posts cords Mine-props „ Cordwood „ Christmas trees pieces Cedar shake blanks „ Hewn ties _ „ Total value, 1965 - Total value, 1964 _ 4,086,623 759,039 45,925 25,911,110 23,257 2,300 3,161,47S 82,045 3,475 1,891 19,592 941 881,540 8,435 I 5 333,641 2,388,121 68,634 447,464 29,050 53,920 1,491 34 8 1,173,066 394,547 128 $2,338,724.22 425,448.00 1,377.75 2,159,250.00 52,328.25 690.00 1,201,360.50 45,124.75 3,231.75 406.00 5,877.60 1,882.00 282,092.80 2,108.75 200.00 200,184.60 1,216,477.00 17,159.00' 4,475.00 872.00 539.00 52,185.00 272.00 128.00 791,069.00 59,182.00 282.00 , ... | $8,862,926.97 | $939T7006r43_ 3,265,039 99,083 ~~ 89,010 1,264,590 10,100 3,475 19,592 498,015 8,435 5 7,824 1,092,259 68,634 21,198 53,920 862 34 8 187,691 59,910 128 348,055 [ 10,370 1 45,925 25,705,100 23,257 2,300 1,896,885 71,945 1,891 941 383,525 325,817 1,245,862 426,266 29,050 629 985,375 334,637 473 649 529 586 117,000 (73) SUMMARY OF EXPORT OF MINOR PRODUCTS FOR PROVINCE, 1965 Product Quantity Value Per Cent of Total Value Poles __ lin. ft. 8,211,683 762,514 2,346,556 70,525 447,464 45,925 29,050 53,920 25,911,110 394,547 1,521,446 21,892 128 1,496 34 8 $3,867,302.27 428,679.75 1,218,585.75 17,565.00 4,475.00 1,377.75 872.00 539.00 2,159,250.00 59,182.00 1,045,463.85 6,567.60 282.00 52,385.00 272.00 128.00 43.6346 4.8368 13.7493 0.1982 0.0505 0.0155 0 0098 0.0061 24 3627 0.6677 11.7959 0 0741 0.0032 0.5911 0.0031 0 0014 $8,862,926.97 100 0000 104 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (74~> TIMBER MARKS ISSUED, 1956-65 1956 ; 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 10-year Average, 1956-65 Old Crown grants Crown grants, 1887- 1906 Crown grants, 1906- 1914 480 207 172 655 82 6 10 46 2,859 71 1 320 108 97 460 59 1 7 23 2,239 74 1 215 93 93 362 89 7 9 1,900 80 7 299 103 125 524 108 9 21 1,926 85 1 315 115 123 517 116 1 4 15 2,136 113 1 268 121 121 470 117 3 4 8 2,141 91 5 300 150 164 589 109 9 12 20 1,991 90 5 2 313 .125 161 608 141 13 12 18 2,183 97 356 148 164 672 149 7 9 27 2,281 121 328 150 172 649 133 8 14 24 1,614 153 3 319 132 139 Section 58, Forest Act Stumpage reservations 551 110 5 9 Indian reserves 21 2,127 98 Special marks and 2 T"ts>'« 4,589 3,389 2,855 3,201 | 3,456 | 3,349 | 3,441 3,671 ' 3,934 3,248 3,513 Transfers and changes 873 615 598 669 794 691 809 725 802 740 732 (81) GRAZING PERMITS ISSUED District Number of Permits Issued Number of Stock under Permit Cattle Horses Sheep 1,316 502 394 6 144,555 22,743 20,869 172 3,708 9,157 1,302 1,637 30 1,044 2,308 Totals, 1965 2,218 188,339 6,677 12,509 Totals, 1964 2.104 173,677 6,231 22,478 Totals, 1963 1,951 158,840 5,860 25,366 Totals, 1962 _ 1,924 146,830 5,007 23,370 Totals, 1961 1,825 132,749 4,985 21,309 Totals, 1960 1,726 127,148 4,504 19,460 Totals, 1959 1,683 124,425 4,377 20,604 Totals, 1958 1,571 122,489 4,169 20,927 Totals, 1957 1,640 128,978 3,886 20,693 Totals, 1956 1,776 127,182 3,667 22,310 (91) REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 FOREST ROAD PROGRAMME, 1965 105 Project Regulation Unit Reconnaissance Location Construction Vancouver Forest District Clowhom Lake —. Gold Fiver F.R Homathko River . Joffre Creek Lillooet River Maimen Creek West Harrison F.R . Prince Rupert Forest District Bell-Irving- Blunk Creek F.D.R— Fiddler Creek Hankin Lookout Kispiox River F.D.R.. Kitwanga F.R Kwinnamass Owikeno Lake F.D.R- Skeena Prince George Forest District McLeod-Tsilcoh North F.R Parsnip West F.D.R Kamloops Forest District Ashnola River F.D.R __ Cayoosh Creek F.D.R Chilcotin South F.R Deception Creek- East Barriere F.D.R... Joffre Creek F.R McNulty-Shinnish. Minch-Maiden F.R North Barriere F.D.R.. Quesnel Lake... Scottie-Hihium F.R.. Spius-Prospect Nelson Forest District Akolkolex River F.D.R Albert Creek Beaverfoot . Blackfoot-Quinn_ Flathead-Sage F.D.R.. Greely Creek Jumping Creek- Kettle River F.D.R.. Twin Creek Worthington-Butrell Creek.. Totals, 1965 programme- Previous works Totals, forest road programme, 1950-65 Quadra P.S.Y.U Nootka P.S.Y.U Quadra P.S.Y.U— Soo P.S.Y.U Soo P.S.Y.U Dewdney P.S.Y.U.. Dewdney P.S.Y.U.. Bell-Irving P.S.Y.U- Smithers P.S.Y.U Skeena P.S.Y.U Smithers P.S.Y.U Skeena P.S.Y.U Skeena P.S.Y.U Hecate P.S.Y.U Rivers Inlet P.S.Y.U.. Skeena P.S.Y.U Carp P.S.Y.U— Finlay P.S.Y.U.. Ashnola P.S.Y.U—. Yalakom P.S.Y.U- Stum P.S.Y.U LaclaHacheP.S.Y.U- Barriere P.S.Y.U Yalakom P.S.Y.U Similkameen P.S.Y.U— Ashnola P.S.Y.U Okanagan P.S.Y.U. Big Bar P.S.Y.U Barriere P.S.Y.U.. Quesnel Lake P.S.Y.U.. Big Bar P.S.Y.U Nicola P.S.Y.U Arrowhead P.S.Y.U... Arrowhead P.S.Y.U... Kinbasket P.S.Y.U Upper Kootenay P.S.Y.U.. Cranbrook P.S.Y.U.—___ Fernie P.S.Y.U Arrowhead P.S.Y.U Arrowhead P.S.Y.U Kettle P.S.Y.U Arrowhead P.S.Y.U.. Granby P.S.Y.U Miles 43 3 37 19 5 48 33 6 19 6 112 70 8 3 15 16 7 36 9 504 4,357 4,861 Miles 24.6 1O0 1.3 12.2 17.6 22.0 15.9 11.8 16.0 ~&3 13.3 15.5 15.6 8.6 20.6 210.7 2,122.4 2,333.1 Miles ~%2 0.4 11.8 4.2 6.5 0.6 1.6 1.0 4.5 9.2 63.9 854.6 918.5 F.D.R.=Forest-development road. F.R.-=Forest road. P.S.Y.U.=Public sustained-yield unit. 106 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (92) FOREST SERVICE MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT, 1965 Type Total Units, Jan. 1, 1965 Removed from Service New Purchases Total Units, Jan. 1, 1966 50 115 73 127 283 179 54 5 2 4 31 8 15 50 1 15 4 2 5 22 10 19 51 32 5 2 51 106 75 131 284 5,000-10,000 G.V.W. pick-ups, ¥> and 1 ton 14,000-24,000 G.V.W. trucks, 2, 3, and 4 tons. _ , 1% 55 24,000-40,000 G.V.W. heavy-duty trucks 5 2 888 129 146 905 65 43 10 2 18 4 2 2 3 ' 406 772 125 34 10 62 377 103 13 8 163 284 11 1 1 8 1 20 12 7 3 4 2 — 1 23 44 1 69 1 5 3 i 28 8 3 3 2 33 32 3 15 126 6 1 10 8 4 1 93 39 9 5 20 4 2 3 5 416 760 125 34 13 77 434 109 Speeders—railway— _ 13 8 168 289 Air-pnmprMsnrs 15 1 8 1 20 12 7 3 1 4 2 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 107 FOREST-PROTECTION EXPENDITURE BY THE FOREST SERVICE (101) FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1964/65 Travelling expense Clothing and uniforms Equipment rental (aircraft) Equipment and machinery Maintenance of bulidings and grounds Maintenance and operation of equipment Acquisition or construction of buildings and works . Motor-vehicles and accessories Incidentals and contingencies Slash and snag disposal Wages and expenses, seasonal staff Increased protection, Peace River Insect control $29,675.32 34,688.12 605,293.88 437,022.71 284,545.07 328,137.19 229,744.29 119,559.63 20,646.77 55,901.03 ,529,134.72 176,193.99 18,766.66 Total $3,869,309.38 Fire-suppression expenditure by the Forest Service for the fiscal year 1964/65 $129,242.02 REPORTED APPROXIMATE EXPENDITURE IN FOREST PROTECTION (102) BY OTHER AGENCIES,! 1965 Forest District Expenditures Patrols and Fire Prevention Tools and Equipment Fires Improvements Total Vancouver Prince Rupert... Prince George,. Kamloops Nelson Totals -. $123,128 85,000 8,900 1,600 18,223 $236,851 Ten-year average, 1956-65. $334,094 $522,905 72,000 27,800 10,500 59,887 $673,770 379,000 53,761 36,461 102,816 $693,092 $1,245,808 $504,281 $454,250 $78,200 38,500 14,200 6,500 97,636 $235,036 $327,673 $1,398,003 574,500 104,661 55,061 278,562 $2,410,787 $1,620,298 Principally forest industry. 108 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (103) FIRE OCCURRENCES BY MONTHS, 1965 Forest District March April May June July August September October Total Per Cent Vancouveri 4 3 4 8 5 22 16 48 36 80 182 37 155 39 86 148 38 204 124 104 297 272 95 126 98 125 78 82 83 14 30 12 5 4 1 14 6 597 420 388 821 459 22.2 15.6 14.5 Kamloops2 Nelson 30.6 17.1 Totals 7 55 383 465 ' 1,001 522 221 30 2,685 100.0 Per cent 0.3 2.0 14.3 17.4 37.3 19.4 8.2 1.1 100.0 ..... Ten-year average, 1956-65 33 92 330 290 667 507 157 30 2,106 ' Per cent 1.6 4.4 15.6 13.8 31.6 24.1 7.5 1.4 100.0 Railroad-tie fires - 1 — 1 518 529 ' 840 914 ' 373 " 3,193 —— i Excludes 2,922 railroad-tie fires. 2 Excludes 271 railroad-tie fires. (104) NUMBER AND CAUSES OF FOREST FIRES, 1965 00 00 a s o CQ § .*. rt ra l. OJ hrtio 00 ^"rt 5 U~3 _H 5 a ta cd sS O 3 go 3 •rt vu +- 0 SI «H O Forest District 00 0 O t_i •a a O, o tfl ■o rt tn M CJ 5 8s, S rt»A •Vrt? •__*-« IIS a "3 H 3 S> O s B "jo .9 0,0 O v b 3 rt O S » 0 J3 00 o rt ra ft M O e 00 a « ft ra oj 6 Oo.& tf HO. s 00 0 2 c 1_ 0 H ■u.rtj PUB. Vancouveri 67 132 17 129 23 5 92 15 101 16 597 22.1 188 54 11 41 12 1 30 35 1 43 4 420 15.5 162 40 9 22 26 41 19 22 6 38 3 388 14.4 Kamloops2 . . 276 68 28 88 20 150 33 55 93 10 821 31.0 307 21 24 30 8 1 2 19 2 34 11 459 17.0 Totals 1,000 315 89 310 89 193 89 223 24 309 44 2,685 100.0 37.2 11.7 3.4 11.5 3.4 7.2 3.4 8.3 0.9 11.4 1.6 100.0 Ten-year average, 1956-65 777 222 112 256 84 111 40 162 40 243 59 2,106 Per cent 36.9 10.5 5.3 12.2 4.0 5.3 1.9 7.7 1.9 11.5 2.8 100.0 Railroad-tie fires— 13,193 — ***** _ 3,193 1 Excludes 2,922 railroad-tie fires. 2 Excludes 271 railroad-tie fires. REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 109 (105) NUMBER AND CAUSES OF FOREST FIRES FOR THE LAST 10 YEARS Causes 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 Total 497 214 135 281 112 47 73 183 27 213 73 307 170 85 182 65 48' 46 107 22 172 45 1,150 296 162 478 120 131 18 246 53 310 94 184 172 88 211 75 190 30 204 34 253 33 1,166 241 245 257 82 87 36 137 54 271 59 1,426 269 154 336 86 179 36 194 49 290 83 615 182 41 162 60 62 35 109 25 183 62 1,144 221 65 220 82 95 24 141 62 250 41 277 144 51 129 66 79 11 81 451 178 59 1,000 315 89 310 89 193 89 223 24 309 44 7,766 2,224 1,115 2,566 Brush-burning (not railway or right- of-way clearing) Range-burning Road and power-, telephone-, and 837 1,111 398 Industrial operations (logging, etc.) 1,625 395 Miscellaneous known causes... 2,429 593 Totals 1,855 1,249 3,058 1,474 |2,635 3,102 1,536 2,345 1,120 2,685 [21,059 955 370 1,062 536 1,478 1,489 2,479 528 ' 365 3,193' 12,455 i Excludes 12,455 railroad-tie fires. 110 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES o < < Q Q Z < w N m a w s CO t/rt < O CO « fit E u on a s rt Q 000'I$«AO rt m : I 000'!$ PiB 001$ U33Mjag fc m ss cn cn CA cA rn tn th On m (N NP fc on S m ^ 3 5. © ; fc ! 1 001$ Japun m & o t c CI > a c : « u E 0- V W t- c OJ C V c, n £ ) CI 1 c 1 ct C o z; r. O H s vi m On ai" BO 2 o % Ph H I il ° tn U ni a. '■$ a o 1 * 2 nu REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 111 (107) DAMAGE TO PROPERTY OTHER THAN FORESTS, 1965 1 Forest District Forest Products Cut, Logs, Lumber, etc. Buildings Railway, Logging, and Sawmill Equipment Miscellaneous Total Per Cent of Total Vancouver. $206,747 20,139 52,858 1,530 3,647 $13,000 1,172 27,500 125 1,800 $147,594 23,150 19,580 $11,360 25,550 9,334 74 2,000 $378,701 70,011 109,272 1,729 7,449 66.8 12.3 19.3 Kamloops 0.3 Nelson - 2 1.3 Totals _ $284,921 $43,597 $190,326 $48,318 $567,162 100.0 50.2 7.7 33.6 8.5 100.0 Ten-year average, 1956-65 $112,117 $36,296 $190,542 $28,433 $367,388 30.6 9.9 51.8 7.7 10O.O t Does not include intentional slash burns (for this item see Table 121). (108) DAMAGE TO FOREST-COVER CAUSED BY FOREST FIRES, 1965—PART li Merchantable Timber Immature Timber Forest District Net Area Killed Total Volume Killed Salvable Volume of Timber Killed Net Stumpage Loss Net Area Killed Present Value Vancouver Acres 4,900 30,124 28,977 2,068 452 M Cu. Ft. 37,164 24,305 47,147 4,739 1,230 M Cu. Ft. 28,815 6,406 2,428 3,191 32 $ 610,832 1,130,291 907,449 105,128 29,133 Acres 3,745 [ 43,503 38,240 3,039 219 $ 174,017 1,099,338 Prince George ,, — 811,770 60,333 8,319 Totals 66.521 114,585 40,872 2,782,8332 88,746 2,153,7772 21.6 100.0 35.7 53.5 28.9 ! 41.4 Ten-year average, 1956-65 65.604 94.274 31,044 1,548,451 65,853 | 1.379,807 13.7 100.0 32.9 47.1 13.7 [ 42.0 i Does not include intentional slash burns (for this item see Table 121). 2 The dollar value of losses in merchantable and immature timber represents only stumpage loss to the Crown. Actual payroll loss to the Province is ten times these figures. 112 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES H fit < VO CTv CO m Pt i—l a ui o s, m Q w co P < CJ w > o o fe rt o o H W O < a •< Q I o i t> in e» ._, cn o n © m fc pn r" cs NP 00 00 NP -"t § d S-S I «■ fc pC Os fc PN rt S rt rt np fc oo cn ( o 00 N 00 H 2 s^ Q n ' s" < a» m o fc th rf fc m O Np "3 eo np o m cs m PN d o • f £ fc PN OO^ rt rt fc n *^ 13 N (S"rt m CS cs i 1 Q NC cn _.'° t« oo np m rt Np s © rt u ID (N| Vp NP rt rH OO 3N *n c o Z PQ £j fc Tf NP Pv VP <- CS fc fc ^ 00 cn ON a\\ m < 1 SS N S o Tf Pn O ON On m cn © cn o ^ ^ i H VP M cn * a rA ct NO m rt Ov 00 O 7S °° B &■ TH SO m TH TH fc" < J\\ •8 | O i a Q m cn cn ca rs cs ( sl 111 rt-Sg1 O hS m o cn cn h m S OO Tf O H CS rt 1 *• _, rH 3 O p2 >> 1 s Ov" < ( 3 •* n s rt •a -a ill a « n m np rt rt- cs oo cn ' D CS 1 rt CO o o t on cn o U VP rt u < fc GO o 3 <= Z ■S\\,"S « CO fc fc rt Tf fc r* D fc mo a §55 3 H Ov o m cn cs J-; o m co cs rt [ H •*- H j_. « c e jj 5 a. s ik 2 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 113 vo CTv a o < < Q I Q Z < fe o o tu o HH > ui w co W rt O s, Q w z rt P 05 < W rt < co" W CO P cj S3 rt E ** I vp cn cn co cS m cs vp h cn *h o u ci h © th ©* ©* © On © cn © fc rt 3 CO V rH 60 rt Ph a 0 *3 ft fcmTttS'OfcfcmON'*© NpmTHVPrtt~-©fccnVpNP OoNpfccSfnoqocnNPNpcSi V% o 60 *2 H a so s oo-^-rtincnfcmoQ ©fc 3 fcfcC.O'-'CS»H(N Ov ie p *"i *"* *~1 *"* fc Tt rt vn" i Ttmrj'Hcnmcnm'-^m,o O co o oocn'©cNOrtrtO\\©rtrt NP TH § 0 S3 u Bi V u e , u 03 c^'-OfcmNOrtOOvrrrT'H o 8 w OvSSpNO.N'^.SSpNrl CO fc o o fc^-rtCnCOfc^-Ortrtrt cn»5 m mcnT-t pn *t Pv" fe Q cn fc cs cs m cs? | oavprtcS'HCOiHfcrtfscn O o cn"rt©TH©Tt©m©cs© oo 8 T3 <3 s p Ai to 3 m rt OJ < s ^■cn^m^vpomooONrt- cneo©e$©©cS-tTtcJcn s to vpooTj-cn^S^m npoo U < fc ** cn m fc vp s cn 1 r^fc^mTtcs'rtcnpNTtNo © 0 fcrtcnrtfn'fccnoo©rtrt m rt rt rt 8 I tH OJ Ch 3 rt u ii to n fe 4J J) ©mPv©ONrnpNcnTtgv'rf- ©rtoortooOvOOcScsoTg- m oo 1 ©cn m rn cs cn s% 3 y-H cs" fc a o 61 | B 4 3 1 o O 0 >, IU rt i «tH 6 o n 2 60 > i Ih rt « _. 60 i c C 60 ui 4 O 60 43 P 1 CO ■— GO u Ih rt u c ii Hi M *"3 M G 60 s a & S.S 3 rt O a *.2 13 g o 3 OJ IU 7! S il o rt s s 3 e ,s c 1 ° o«, III o u O w - H 5 S rt £ 0 QJ 1 1 Pi O e t/3 rtC 2 _j E a ft •a 2 rt ,= c - 41 1 a 114 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES co Ui < W fe 3 co m ut to Vi W Ut O pc, ffl Q W CO p w 0 < a < a PC o z o co rt < cc, S o o OS tt 5 itf © s eg m 3s © CS fc Tt 00 oo fc rt m r* © fc m cS P> it — c3 fc © fc ON cn CO Np Tt rim" NO cn cn «■ &9- tn cA v-> cs cn rS m oo cn oo fc fc vp cn !8 NO H m CO Tt TH vp v£3 2 cs" fc Tt g" is vo cn *h -H IT) fc » «■ © vp vc i— cn oo __ cs Tt © "H Ov m cn 3 h(^ rn •-( fc m *"* On i-Tfc m rt fc CS m fc » rt » m vp cn fc IT -i nd m On vp 00 cS © m vp © cs m cs © m on OO Ct t cS on CS! CS rH fc cs © rn Tt Efl- Os on (flap Tt TH rt o fc m go >-< 3£ OV *t vp t^t th Tt <5v rH cn OO cs <3 ■£ rJ fc -t NO **' CS m oO ci cs" "*■ tfl 00 cn pv fc •ri m 00 m cA rt rn cn oo CO CS rH -t m On Mm* oo oo" fc CO m © cn TH © PV Tf cs cn cs fc 00 SA- tfl- pv ■* S»tH cS: j£ m © ©fc lis v© 6 -* cs c- as ca fc cs cn cn PN -"« - m" O cn CS cn Ol tfl- «■ m co cs ■* m *-r o\\ 9 oo vp »h m pn cn cs NO © fc vp Tf CO (S S rt Ov* © Tt 00 CS ND H in fc cn '""' T* © cn "t Sf» tfl- 3 U s ^- ■d V 60 rt ! £* •o ! Ih % i a o ; o 1 Ih •3 V : d VH VH >» . I o H 1 s 1 i 8 P_ ! O C *—' tO "H fc i .i, °«5 u » ft -n 2^: tH W C £ 5:9 2 S £? 0 "!=. rt "rt 0 0 i-h W *-i *J P" h S 60 111* *j O 4) 3 60 60 3 rt rt 5 rt rt h < w «! c 0 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 115 O Z to a o IH Si w fit E Si o SI rt HH Si rt si Ph fe o CJ Q Z rt fe H co H rt o Si ;* Ph Q w E CO ft O co SI rt SJTJ J3d OOO'OH J3ao ;soo ajtj J3d000'01$°l OOO'SS J3AO jsoo ajij jsd ooo'SS °l 000' 14 JSAOjsoo 3_i.j I3d 000'H oj 001$ l^D 8JIJ Jadooi.. UBqj SS37 jso3 33UIA0JJ UI S3Il\\j IE)0X JO 1U33 J3J J3TJJSTQ UI S3JIJ fejox JO JU33 jsd jaqiun^i 3DUIAOJJ UI JO JU33 J3d .DU.SIQ UI sajij [Ejojl jo 1U33 jaj .squit-N (SJEHOQ) 3JIJ JS03 J3d sin.ipusdxg 38GJ3AV JU33 J3J SJBIIOQ S3JIJ IEJOX I B pv op fc m cn C- rt oo CS rt CN © cA m © cn cs fc VO rt O CS ON r^ rs © tJ- cn (N oo © cn rt S© CO -H OV cs oo fs m m Tt cn co rt- i cs" 1 © o © 1 03 S 00 fc_ Ov" cn cs" GO tn SO m 00 ^p rs" © © © 4) 60 rt 4> : > 1 : w m j c a S3 i H_> U IH C. ) ct &* 5 a o n P- P- H Pi PhO & 4 « c J= > Bi Pi^Z K 15 p.S in 3 IN tfl- TJ a tC pq +j e n a 1 0 a CJ 4) c fe 1/3 i O rt fe 0 J3 C/. —i £ j[ oj Sinsnpg »-« 0v «n j jp ljuuaj jnoqjiA. -Ju'iujtig j r* -h n ; v > m 00 tt piEl UOIJEUIJOJUJ fc cs ^ fc : c t. f .9 0 ! 1 OJ > 3 O u c a > E S c 1 s 1 it 4 & u i c 4. t 1 1 I C 1 3 1 i 11 i *i i c \\ b a o Z vc I -3 a. 61 B > 1 1 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 117 (113) CONTRACT FLYING, 1965 Fixed-wing Aircraft Forest District Base Type of Aeroplane Hoars Flown Vancouver Vancouver Smiftiers Prince George and Dawson Creek Kamloops,- ... Nelson Beaver 558 S35 1,302 Super Cub, Beaver — 1,582 401 Total 4,678 Helicopters Forest District Base Type of Helicopter Hours Flown TTillprs 1 ?F. 495 Smiftiers Prince George and Fort St. John Hillers 17.F. . . Hillers 12K Bell 47G3 511 2,035 618 TtpH fMR, Willprs. 19H 567 Total 4,226 Am Tankers Forest District Base Type of Aeroplane Hours Flown Prince Rupert_ Prince George- Kamloops Nelson Total- Smithers and Prince George- Prince George Kamloops Cranbrook Avenger and Canso_ Canso Avenger and Cessna- Avenger and Cessna_ 386 357 450 177 1,370 (Ut) USE OF AIRCRAFT IN FIRE-FIGHTING (NON-CONTRACT), 1965 Fixed-wing Aircraft Forest District Reconnaissance Transportation of Men and Supplies Water Bombing Total Hours Cost Hours Cost Hours Cost Hours Cost 48 387 587 1 40 ' $3,334 19,560 32,423 10 1,655 1,420 380 8 153 113 $35,545 27,470 48 1,960 1,080 9 40 $3,334 $101,166 28,496 597 156,271 88,389 607 1,655 Totals 1,063 $56,982 1,808 | $130,259 1 266 $63,015 3,137 $250,256 Helicopters Vancouver Prince Rupert- Prince George- Kamloops Nelson Totals- 13 56 16 85 $1,516 5,692 1,857 $9,065 78 725 551 53 41 1,448 $8,565 74,059 77,911 7,732 5,265 $173,532 2 73 75 $150 8,085 1,235 93 854 567 53 41 il,( $10,231 87,836 79,768 7,732 5,265 $190,832 118 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES ANALYSIS OF SUPPRESSION-CREW FIRE-FIGHTING (US) ACTIVITIES, 1965 Size of Fire When Attacked Number of Fires Subsequent Spread (by Number of Fires) Vn Acre or Less Over V4 Acre to 1 Acre Over 1 Acre to 5 Acres Over 5 Acres to 50 Acres Over 50 Acres Spot (up to Vi acre) - Over V4 acre and up to 1 acre ... Over 1 acre and up to 5 acres.... Over 5 acres and up to 50' acres Over 50 acres Totals 166 44 58 42 6 157 6 1 32 4 316 164' 44 1 5 43 3 52 1 10 34 45 5 6 11 (H6) CONSTRUCTION OF PROTECTION ROADS AND TRAILS, 1965 Light Medium Heavy Total Miles 28 413 Miles 82 410 Miles 59 154 Miles 169 977 441 492 213 1,146 16 76 19 22 20 13 55 111 92 .. 33 166 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 119 (117) SUMMARY OF SNAG-FALLING, 1965, VANCOUVER FOREST DISTRICT Acres Total area logged, 1965, Vancouver Forest District 99,694 Logged in small exempted operations1 325 Assessed for non-compliance, less 210 acres subsequently felled 383 708 Balance logged acres snagged, 1965 98,986 Snags felled, 1965, by Forest Service Protection Division 5,997 Snags felled, 1965, by Forest Service Reforestation Division 480 6,477 Total area snagged, 1965 105,463 i Exemption granted under subsection (3) of section 116 of the Forest Act. SUMMARY OF LOGGING SLASH REPORTED IN 1965, (118) VANCOUVER FOREST DISTRICT Acres Total area logged, 1965 99,694 Area covered by full hazard reports 65,400 Covered by snag reports but exempted from slash disposal 11,456 Covered by acreage reports only (exempted from slash and snag disposal) 1 325 77,181 Slash created and not reported in 1965 22,513 1 Exemption granted under subsection (3) of section 116 of the Forest Act. ACREAGE ANALYSIS OF SLASH DISPOSAL REQUIRED, 1965, (H9) VANCOUVER FOREST DISTRICT Acres of Slash Prior to 1965 19651 Total Acres Broadcast burning 27,725 35,575 63,300 Spot burning 631 1,469 2,100 Totals 28,356 37,044 65,400 1965 reports not recommending slash disposal 11,456 1965 slash on very small operations exempted without special examination 325 11,781 Total area of slash dealt with, 1965 77,181 i Does not include the estimated' 22,513 acres (see Table 120) created too late to be dealt with in 1965. 120 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES ANALYSIS OF PROGRESS IN SLASH DISPOSAL, 1965, (120) VANCOUVER FOREST DISTRICT Acres Total disposal required (see Table 119) 65,400 j^Vcrfis of S 1_ix.i Type of Disposal Prior to 1965 1965 Total Acres Spring broadcast burning 613 366 979 Spring spot burning 37 211 248 Fall broadcast burning 49,658 30,930 80,588 Fall spot burning 1,929 904 2,833 Total burning completed 52,237 32,411 84,648 Burning by accidental fires 3,098 Lopping, scattering, land-clearing, etc iVii Total 87,746 Balance reported slash not yet abated _ Slash created, 1965, acres assessed 207 Plus slash created too late to be dealt with, 1965 22,513 Total area of slash carried over to 1966 for disposition 22,720 Actual area burned in spring spot burning, 31 acres. Actual area burned in fall spot burning, 423 acres. The above figures do not include 1964 slash-burn reports received too late for inclusion in 1964 Annual Report, 4,194 acres. SUMMARY OF SLASH-BURN DAMAGE AND COSTS, 1965, (121) VANCOUVER FOREST DISTRICT Total acres of forest-cover burned in slash fires, 1965 14,471 Net damage to forest-cover $162,984.32 Net damage to cut products 90,553.15 Net damage to equipment and property 23,500.00 Total damage $277,037.47 Cost of Slash Burning as Reported by Operators Cost Per Cost Per Total Cost Acres MB.F. Acre (a) Spring broadcast burning $6,270.00 979 $0.16 $6.40 (_>) Spring spot burning 685.00 248 .09 2.76 (c) Fall broadcast burning 429,160.27 80,588 .13 5.33 (d) Fall spot burning 10,957.09 2,833 .13 3.87 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 121 (131) ENROLMENT AT ADVANCED COURSE, FOREST SERVICE TRAINING-SCHOOL, 1965 Forest District Forest Assistants, Cruisers, Etc. Rangers Acting Rangers Assistant Rangers Clerks Total Graduates — -- — — — Attendance, 1965 — — — — — 5 — — 15 — 20 20 Attendance, 1963 5 — — 15 — 20 — Attendance, 1962 3 — .... 17 — 20 20 Atfpnrlnnrp, KW.1 3 .... — 17 „„ 20 Attendance, 1960 4 — .... 17 — 21 21 Attendance, 1959 4 — — 17 — 21 — Attendance, 1959 — .... 21 — 21 21 Attendance, 1958 — — — 21 — 21 Attmrlanr*, 19S7 4 — — 26 — 30 30 Attendance, 1956 4 — ._„ 26 — 30 — Attendance, 1956 3 — — 18 21 21 Attendance, 1955 3 — — 18 — 21 — Attendance, 1954 — — — 20 — 20 20 Attendance, 1953 ._. 21 _ 21 — Attendance, 1953 .... — — 20 — 20 20 Attendance, 1952 — — 20 20 _ Attendance, 1951 3 3 15 21 21 Attendance, 1950 . 3 3 15 21 21 Attendance, 1949 3 2 16 21 — Attendance, 1948 4 2 12 2 20 20 Attendance, 1947 8 12 — 20 20 Attendance, 1946 2 9 9 — 20 20 Total graduates to December 31, 1965 -- — — - 275 Note.—Since 1949/50 until 1962 the course was of nine months' duration, spread over VA years. to 1949, and commencing with Class 13,1963, a six-month course is involved, spread over one year. From 1946 122 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES ENROLMENT AT BASIC COURSE, FOREST SERVICE (132) TRAINING-SCHOOL, 1965 Forest District Forest Assistants, Cruisers, Etc. Rangers Acting Rangers Assistant Rangers Clerks Total Graduates Class 4 Vancouver Prince Rupert _ Prince George Kamloops Nelson— Reforestation- Research Surveys Class 4 totals Class 5 Vancouver Prince Rupert — Prince George _ _ _ Kamloops Nelson Reforestation Research Surveys Class 5 totals Attendance, 1965 Attendance, 1964 Attendance, 1963 Attendance, 1962 Total graduates to December 31, 1965L 12 17 11 28 13 17 20 20 40 20 2C 20 20 20 40 20 _20_ 20 100 Grand total of graduates, advanced and basic courses, 375. (141) FOREST REVENUE, 1961-65 12 Months to Dec. 31, 1961 12 Months to Dec. 31, 1962 12 Months to Dec. 31, 1963 12 Months to Dec. 31, 11964 12 Months to Dec. 31, 1965 10-year Average, 1956-65 Timber-licence rentals and fees Timber-berth rentals and fees Timber-lease rentals and fees Timber-sale rentals and fees _ Timber-sale stumpage _ Timber-sale cruising and advertising Timber royalties Grazing permits and fees Forest-protection tax Miscellaneous Totals $366,600.53 21,929.03 59,071.23 480,803.23 24,554,147.30 377,755.89 2,245,313.71 119,87'6.«7< 569,749.95 134,824.47 $352,418.29 $357,175.79 19,795.95 17,361.70 73,139.35 500,208.12 26,315,940.41 346,627.67 2,433,175.10 137,118.26 550,949.16 161,447.52 63,629.77 502,317.68 30,199,623.94 386,735.44 2,499,842.31 152,200.70 523,598.00 173,192.07 $28,930,072.21|$30,890,819.83;$34,875,677.40 ! I $362,707.84| $720,919.31' $400,600.86 15,639.09, 15,024.33! 18,743.45 68,446.06 510,469.54 37,221,058.19 487.503.76 2,610,292.87 139,313.50 522,672.70 210,330.47 86,230.58! 71,581.47 765,651.171 478,194.05 42,031,437.70 28,034,173.52 325,847.00 2,629,476.11 151,079.95 559,007.55 273,738.16 316,566.32 2,151,441.11 111,139.39 161,301.25 $42,148,434.02 $47,558,411.86 $31,743,741.42 REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 123 g O I-H to < ui W O 0 Z ■r-H O O s z torn] < 0 < Q w 0 pi < a o z o < S*3 § i in (N m ■*}■ Tt «n cs rs cn o NO On NO Tf Np ON in OS 00*CO © © Tl- tn on Tf in o in f~ >n Cn"nP rt ON On ^ NO rt CS CS (S 3 £ •pfc 111 I 8 Jess* S_3 ^3 o in rJ OO On cn t-, I Tf t> cA . in cs co I CS Tf rt Tt NO CS t"^ Tf Np CA CS* Tf in np' rn ^ © •ri m On O o Cv ND in m ON I-H Tf rH NO TT OO VO m CS r- NO ON rtrt o> ON O r^ -_ A __; «■ v-y W £«■ efl 00 v> tft nn cn m NO in NO Tf t> cn CC m cn m en NO n cn Tt' A cA A 00 CA CA OO CA vp m no t> as © © © A vj tn OO rH Tf Tf cn a\\ *-* vo cs_ rn r* vp t> Tf CA 00 Os m V) OO CS tS i-i efl- © en CA 06 g,l rf W 7 4 Ov u H Tt f* r ■- rp cc Np NP NC NT vp m ir If ON ON O1 P Ov On O1 o> a C 10 S l © O w lOBS j -a i- « o o o o o o 5 H H H H H H _-I 1 124 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES m rt rH CA vp en OV in -t tn Tt cn tt m f- rH - cn Ov" © cn cs od cn np" cS cs Tf m cn es cn es cn rS cn 6ft (fl- 6ft 6ft te tfl- 6ft 6ft tft vp vp efl- oo 6ft Tf p- co oo m tN in en © P- vp cn m *_. & w O-tiXt Pn © cn cn rn as Ov ^ cn rH CS vp in O © NP © t-" Np 00 ca © on es in tn" cs' Ov A -__^ -_J *»■_?_ fl q Tt Tf CS t> rt o m Tf -H OS Tf oo C- NP ? 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Os < '5 | 1 in *t A c -i A j j © ON od A NO O NP NP m S OB Cfl Vp NP NP Nj -> vp vp tn m m in rt <; \\ -^ *• ■s V. "-s. "^s -N. *V. •< > Q -* m es j- vp vp NP vj -i © PN 00 r- m in o vp m in m vp m Ov ON Ov c ^ Pn Pn Pn s, 19 s, 19 s, 19 ear z m vT Vi u b sl s jg ' 4 n d cd rt rt *3 v ■*-»<-> *j »-. a __; OOOOOOOOOOu OJ * 55 HHHHHHHHHHH rn 6« O a a O q •n u o q a rt * U "2 q £ o w U > cu cu M z REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 125 (144) FOREST REVENUE, FISCAL YEAR 1964/65 Timber-licence rentals and fees . Timber-berth rentals and fees __. Timber-lease rentals and fees _. Timber-sale rentals and fees ._ Timber-sale stumpage Timber-sale cruising and advertising . Timber royalties Grazing permits and fees Forest-protection tax Miscellaneous $353,401.33 15,321.88 68,277.30 518,588.91 38,844,855.03 466,439.97 2,578,660.67 164,971.41 519,824.40 245,879.72 Ten-year Average $368,314.78 17,443.12 69,453.94 430,177.81 25,377,262.91 304,914.77 2,189,085.97 97,468.53 C1) 148,786.12 $43,776,220.62 $29,002,907.95 i Formerly credited to Forest Protection Fund. (145) FOREST SERVICE EXPENDITURES, FISCAL YEAR 1964/65 Salaries $3,796,831 Expenses 1,053,73 8 Reforestation and forest nurseries 686,522 Forest management 704,371 Forest research 223,150 Public information and education 116,848 Forest Service training-school 121,512 Grant to Canadian Forestry Association 17,500 Office furniture and equipment 27,948 Engineering services 454,602 Forest-development roads 2,766,611 Forest protection 3,869,308 Fire suppression 129,242 Forest surveys 1,218,426 Silviculture 1,561,099 Grazing Range Improvement Fund1 66,946 Peace River community pastures 7,785 $16,822,439 Less contribution from Federal Government 1,823,284 Total $ 14,999,155 i Statement provided elsewhere. (146) Deficit, April 1, 1964 Collections, fiscal year 1964/65 . SCALING FUND Expenditures, fiscal year 1964/65 Deficit, March 31, 1965. Collections, nine months, April to December, 1965 Expenditures, nine months, April to December, 1965 Deficit, December 31, 1965 $27,988.35 1,394,461.48 $1,366,473.13 1,574,990.15 $208,517.02 1,440,308,45 $1,231,791.43 1,321,079.10 $89,287.67 126 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS, AND WATER RESOURCES (147) GRAZING RANGE IMPROVEMENT FUND Deficit, April 1, 1964 Government contribution (section 13, Grazing Act). Expenditures, fiscal year 1964/65 . Surplus, March 31, 1965 Government contribution (section 13, Grazing Act) . Expenditures, nine months, April to December, 1965 $4,535.08 79,310.98 $74,775.90 66,947.35 $7,828.55 82,485.70 $90,314.25 49,477.23 Surplus, December 31, 1965 $40,837.02 (148) PEACE RIVER POWER TIMBER SALVAGE Expenditures, fiscal year 1964/65 ... $593,686.00 Recovered from British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority 593,686.00 Balance. (151) REPORT OF THE FOREST SERVICE, 1965 DISTRIBUTION OF PERSONNEL, 1965 127 Personnel Vancouver Prince Rupert Prince George Kamloops Nelson Victoria Total Continuously Employed Deputy Minister, Chief Forester, and Assistant Chief 2 13 3 91 13 66 79 6 5 92 4 IS 39 7 1 2 9 2 72 2 3 5 1 2 5 33 2 22 2 25 2 2 12 2 3 95 3 5 5 35 9 57 3 2 2 14 5 1 128 3 9 5 5 31 55 3 2 2 11 2 2 119 3 1 5 3 24 3 "32 2 3 4 8 2 3 100 32 4 28 7 43 2 1 34 1 26 116 10 49 2 25 6 32 72 4 8 2 3 District Foresters and Assistant District Foresters 10 159 9 32 15 533 24 70 Scalers, Official, temporary 88 7 69 2 1 35 3 49 331 Superintendent and Foremen, Forest Service Main- 10 67 28 230 23 58 81 439 197 233 263 212 607 1,951 Seasonally Employed 10 2 38 6 54 3 3 8 16 3 1 21 1 18 4 6 1 3 12 1 31 5 20 20 9 2 26 2 33 5 63 28 3 12 2 6 41 9 44 9 4 8 1 74 19 1 515 50 93 79 37 109 46 Patrolmen , _ 10 164 27 199 Reforestation—Snag-fallers, Planters, etc 575 70 Student and Survey Assistants and Engineering Aides. 93 98 59 230 140 58 126 148 196 903 1,571 579 255 359 411 408 1,510 3,522 Printed by A. Sutton, Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in right of the Province of British Columbia. 1966 2,260-266-2443 """@en ; edm:hasType "Legislative proceedings"@en ; dcterms:identifier "J110.L5 S7"@en, "1966_V01_05_001_127"@en ; edm:isShownAt "10.14288/1.0364018"@en ; dcterms:language "English"@en ; edm:provider "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en ; dcterms:publisher "Victoria, BC : Government Printer"@en ; dcterms:rights "Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:source "Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:title "REPORT of the FOREST SERVICE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1965"@en ; dcterms:type "Text"@en ; dcterms:description ""@en .