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u / BB___m COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST INDUSTRIAL UNITY: STRENGTH OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE FEDERATED LAB OR PARTY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA PUBLISHED IN INTERESTS OF ALL WORKERS .4 POLITICAL UNITT: VICTORY SEVENTEENTH YEAR, No. 7. FOUR PAGES VANCOUVER, B. C, FRIDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 13,1925 5c A COPY TOLL OF $TlEf77~7 $tm* ■ I AhAK7A Baldwin Government to Review System of Organized Labor in Great Britain. FIGURES TELL THE TALE Trade Unionism Is a Product of Capitalism—Carries Imprint of Its Environment. ACCORDING to press reports the whole existing system of trade unionism is to be reviewed in Great Britain, by the Baldwin government. The Vancouver Province editorially states that it is not the intention to introduce any legislation in this connection at this session. Sir Robert Chadwick, parliamentary secretary to the Board of Trade, in a recent speech said "that the time had come when more must be known about the whole administration of trade unions. "It must be known," he said, "why a good workman, if he chooses, may not work as hard as he likes and produco to the utmost of his capacity, thereby earning for himself a higher wage and enabling the trader to compete in the world's markets." Now, we do not claim to have any peculiar knowledgo of such matters, at least not enough to have a knighthood bestowed upon us by our sovereign, but wc would venture to suggest that It is precisely the sume reason as which prompts, or compels, the manufacturers to come to agreements to limit production to the nearest amount which can be absorbed by tbe market at a profit to themselves. A trade union is no more organized to protect the whole of society than ure manufacturers' associations and chambers of commorce. Opposing Interests They are organized to protect themselves from the encorachments and oxactions of capitalist exploitation. In the stftigglc which arises because of their opposing interests the welfare of society in general is usually lost sight of. Sir Robert Chadwick should know if he knows anything, that while the system of capitalism Is supposed to bo based on competition that its natural tendency is always towards monopoly. The first thought that comes into the mind of any person or association of persons, when entering into business, wliich employs capital, Is how to eliminate their competitors. Tlie next Is how to regulate production so as not to exceed tho capacity of tho market. In other words, to create a scarcity of the particular commodity, within certain lilmls, which they produce. In the same manner, trade Unions endeavor to control the sale of the commodity wliich they have for sale; in tbeir caso their labor power. Future of Great Britain Another knight, dir Auckland Geddes, is also much concerned about tho future of Great Britain in tho markets of the world, because of the restrictive pulley of trade unions. "In England." he said, "that the cost of production had become so high its own in many sections of foreign that the country was barely holclinu trade." He then goes on to quote figures to show that in the first hair of last year 7,500,000 days were lost In strikes—an equivalent of 27,000 years of production. It is really wonderful what an ap- petitie some people have for gathering statistics on the loss to the community because of strikes, while totally blind to the loss to the community because of enforced unemployment. Now for a few statistics on unemployment: Since the beginning of 1920, the average yearly number of unemployed in Great Britain wus about a million and a quarter. Which, in the past five years, equals 1,706,250,000 days, or 6,250,000 years of production, or for any six months of that time, 112,500 years of production. This Is the loss in material things. Who can compute the loss to humanity, to the Individual because of the deteriorating effect of unemployment. Fault Lies Not With Unions If there is a. slowing up of the processes of production, and we aro of the opinion that there is, the fault lies not with the trade union, but with a system of production that for its aim, not social welfare but individual gain. Any one who stands for, the present system ot production is guilty of all tho misery and crime that arises out of it. Trade unionism is a product of capitalism and consequently carries the imprint of the environment of which It sprung. The, Province states, "Increased produc- j tion and wider markets are vital to Britain tf she is to return to normal progress." Increased production and wider markets are vital to Britain,, Germany, France, Italy, United States and Canada, and every capitalist country on the face of the globe. But all of these countries and many others are exporting capital to other countries: China. Japan and India where tho workers have a' lower standard of living, G neuter Production They thereby increase their immediate profits, but incidentally destroy the markets which they so much neod; create more unemployment and eventually bring down the system which they would perpetuate fn collapse about their heads. We would like our readers to grasp one thing and grasp it well. It fs this: when our captains of industry and finance speak of "greater production," what they have in mind is not a greater mass of products, out of which the needs of the wholo people could be filled, but greater . production per person engaged ln the productive process. In other words, cheaper production. Labor's Only Salvation' 1\ ^ bove will be the subject of an address to fr be given by MRS. ROSE HENDERSON At the VANCOUVER THEATRE Next Sunday Evening, at 8 o'clock (Take Hastings East car, get off at Boundary Road and walk east on Hastings street to the Theatre.) Mr. Justice Murphy Addresses Open Forum — Peaoet", czecho-siavokin. ah branches of r * treaties, or legal questions, under the the Ideal of the Geneva Protocol, SIGNATURES NECESSARY League of Nations Not Effective Without Russia and Germany Being Adherents. world the is the Geneva 'THE peace of the ■*■ ideal underlying protocol." "War is the negation of Christianity." "No disarmament conference can be successful unless all nations with any military force at all participate. Russia and Japan must enter the conference or it will be a failure." "It is doubtful if the protocol will gain sufficient preliminary adherents to make it successful." "The League of Nations will never become effective unless Russia and Germany become adherents of it." "AU right thinking people should support the League of Nations, and earnestly endeavor to make it effective." "Oil ls one of the great powder magazines today, at the base of war." Tho above are but a fow of the outstanding reamrks made by Mr. Justico Murphy in the course of his address before the "oi»en forum" In lho First Congregational church on .Sunday afternoon. Since the nature of the covenant of nations was such as to render it impossiblo of amendment, a new treaty, under the name of the Geneva protocol was drawn up. Ex- premier Ramsay MacDonald's speech before the Goneva conference was really the genesis of the protocol, sin-natures Necessary Before it will be possible for invi tatlons to be issued to all tin nations of the world calling them to tlio disarmament conference, outlined in the protocol, It is necessary that throe of the larger powers, such as Italy, France, England and Japan adhere to and ratify it, and ten of lhe smaller nations. In the event of there not being the necessary num ber of preliminary adherents, or ln the event of the disarmament conference failing, then the protocol will be of no avail, War International Crime The protocol declares all aggressive wars to be international crimes. In the past war was the right of every sovereign nntion. Sixteen na- tions have signed the protocol, but to date only one nation has ratified JUNIOR LABOR LEAGUE This Is "Hat" Night—Membership Increasing—Business Meeting Friday. Apparently that much talked of prediction of the end of the wo.l*. for last Friday had no terrors tjr members of the J. L. I.., who spent a very enjoyable evening at the home of tho vice-president, Mr. W. Rees, G262 Chester street, South Vancouver. Someone has «ii& ester) that the end of the world had been postponed to Friday, the Thirteenth, if bo it'will find the J. L. L in session at their educational meeting to be held at 863 Twenty-seventh avenue east, South Vancouver. This meeting will be a "hat night," ench member drawing from the hat some question on which they will apeak for a few minutes, followed by a general discussion. The membership of the League is increasing steadily. The small initiation of 25 cents and dues of 11.00 a year being easily within the reach of those interested. New mombers will always ho made welcome, the only qualification to those within the age limit being a consciousness of their position as members of the working class. Tho secretary will be glad to hear from anyone in other parts of the province interested in this work. Communications may be addressed to the Junior Labor League at 883 Twenty-seventh avenue east, South Vancouver, Regular business meeting on Friday the 20th at the above address. protocol, must be submitted to arbitration or international court. In reference to political qup°Hnns. nations must agree, in no caae to go to war, but rather, they must guarantee to submit such differences to arbitration. In other instances, where an agreement can not be reached among the disputants a period of three months must elapse before before they can engage ln war. During this period the matter is placed In the hands of the council which utilizes Its good offices in a further effort to avoid war. In tlie event of war breaking out, or there are preparations being made for war, the council is empowered to declare an armistice immediately. Four nations, not adherents, will be invited to utilize tho office of the council. In the event of their not doing so they are to be totally ostracised. Who Is Aggressor? In the past it has been hard, and oftimes impossible, co ascertain which nation was the aggressor. Under the protocol th* nation which disobeys the ruling of the council becomes, automatically, the aggressive nation In any war. All treaties are now to be registered at Goneva and oecome public property. In this way all secret treaties are wiped out—admittedly a definite step towarda greater security. In the event of any two nations desiring to have a demilitarized zone between themselves, under tho control of the League of Nations, tlieir wish will be granted. The first nation definitely entering that area becomes the aggressor. Sanctions Necessnry In event of definite action having lo be taken, when one nation becomes the aggressor, all the other nations are bound to cut off all com- muueiations of whatever sort, with that nation. Every adhering nation must give assistance, financial, military, raw materials, etc., to the attacked nation, according to their willingness, and to their ability. Tho council has no right to compel any nation to give in any specific manner. The control of alt their military or naval forces remains with the nations themselves. In closing Mr. Justice Murphy painted a mental picturo of the war tbat has passed, of the suffering and sorrow resulting from It, and he also painted a picture of what we might expect in the event of another world war occurlng. He believed that another still more horrible war was not only possible but probable unless we, as thoughtful, Intelligent citizens performed our duty to the coming generations and endeavoured to pre- vent such a catastrophe. IS. Has Harsh Words With Federal Government's Attitude on Labor Policies. CANADA'S UNEMPLOYMENT Problem Treated in a Useless, Senseless Manner, Says Winnipeg's Member. HPHAT the solution of Canada's unemployment as suggested by the department of Immigration and colonization, was a "stupid and senseless" one, was the opinion of J# S. Woodsworth, Labor member of parliament for Winnipeg centre, who addressed a mass meeting recently at Ottawa. The department in question had been doing all In Its power to Increase immigration, he declared, at the same time raising the old cry of "increased production," such a policy Instead of mitigating the seriousness of the problem, served but to inten slfy it. Canada had already produced more than it could flnd a market for, and as a result a period of stagnation and unemployment had followed. "Any government that fails to mako such social adjustments as would ensure at least food, clothing and shelter, had lost all claim to tho loyalty of the people," said the speak er. The slogan of tho country's unemployed—"Work or maintenance"— was not an unreasonable or unsound one. There was little use of the federal government seeking to get away from the fact that they and not the municipal and provincial governments were responsible for unemployment, MEANDERINGS THE UNEMPLOYED OF SOUTH VANCOUVEIt There was a fair attendance at the Municipal hall at Tuesday night's weekly meeting. We have formed a centrals committee, with delegate from North Vancouver City and Burnaby, to make a united stand for a fair share of the work given out. At present the Munfcpallty refuses to allow our organization to handle the slips for work, but prefer a government official, who cannqt be expected to select the most deserving cases first, hence the Injustice we complain of.—13. D. Brewer, secretary, 4854 .lames street, South Vancouver. Land and Labor All economic products result from two factors only: land and labor—using the word "land" In the large sense of theoretical economics, so a;i to in- "ude water and mines and all the natural resources of the planot. Capitnl Is not really a third factor. Capital Is n product of the application of labor to land and Is merely a stage In production. Without land, human life is Impossible; .without labor, very little human life would be possible.— Bertrand Russell. LAHOR PAPER On the front pago of tbe Wlnnipog One Rig Union Bulletin of February 'th, tho following Item appears: Labor Statesman Suspends Publication. "Vancouver, B.C,—The Lalior Statesman suspends publication ns a lnbor organ with Its last .January Issue, alter about a year's life ns official paper of the Vancouver, Now Westminster and District Trades and Labor Council. Luck of support Is the reason as- signed," (By Peripatetic Pagan.) AH these patriotic capitalists! Rc- cently the Austrian government floated a loan In London; £00,000,- 000 was subscribed. The Hungarian government loan was subscribed up to £20,000,000. The German loan next, and thc money bags came forward offering £12C,000,000; all bearing high interest. Then, our own Victoria attempted to raise a loan, security gilt edged, but ben ring Interest at only a fraction less than five per cent; did these flag-waving patriots rush to subscribe to this? Oh, dear, no; their regard for kith and kin only reached about ono tenth of the amount asked for. You see, with these gentry the interest is the only consideration. The flag. Unity of Empire and such like sentiments are all very well for the boobs at election time, but when it comes to an investment, its what pays, my child. ***** British-American tobacco company's net profits for the last five years have ranged from four and one-third millions to four and four- ffi'th millions pounds per annum, with dividends, despite watered shares, from 24 per cent, to 30 per cent., tax freel * * * The following Is from this month's Issue of the "Locomotive, Fireman and Engineer's Magazine;" "Never In the history of wage negotiations affecting men In engine service, have railroad managements adopted such a variety of obstructive measures to prevent peaceful and satisfactory settlements as in the negotiations In cldent to the present wage movement of engineer, firemen and hostlers on the western railroads." Bo warned, the subtle workings of the capitalists are active to a degree, Jack London in his "Iron Heel"— hell we were going to write—gave the danger signal, Further, beeause those comrades in the States who are In work with good wages. Now, let them not fail to watch out. The powers that be are consolidating to a degree far front healthy, and a sudden tightening of the grip may come with n shock, much sooner than expected. Tho great thing fur labor unions to do here and everywhere, Is to recognize the socialist's Ideal as tbe foundation for all action for tho benefit of the worker, with the application In Its fullest meaning of the sympathetic international. * • • Ho, Britain hns another little question on her hands—the native demands in Sierra Leone, The educated natives are making some strong demands for self-government, trial by jury and the reform of land abuses whieh have arisen through over favouring private trust companies, and, they are going to get {.hem, * * • Tl;ere seems to be a pretty pother at Ottawa over the Shipping Combine, One wonders what Is behind It all, especially considering tlio Indignation reportod as being expressed by the shipping magnates, Pity 'tis wo havo not more socialists In the school hoards of tho country, for there Is much room for an overhaul of the whole scheme of education. George Bernard Shaw writes a fine caustic reproach on the British educational system. "Our schools," says O. I3„ "teach tbe morality of feudalism cnrrupied by commercialism, and hold up the military conqueror, tbe robber huroii ami the profiteer as models of the IlluslrloUs and successful." Friday tho 13th! Never mind, get your "Fod." read it ond pass It on. Don't Fail to Beserve the Evening of SUNDAY, February 22nd TO HEAR Prof. SCOn NEARING At the ROYAL THEATRE 136 Hastings St. East Tell your friends and let us make H a bumper meeting. Our Communist friends have kindly consented to diseon* tinue their meeting on Sunday evening so that all their adherents may have an opportunity of hearing Prof. Nearing. University students are cordially invited to come along. Voluntary collection to*defray expenses. The Power of Wealth Mrs. Philip Snowden Now Cham-t pions Imperialistic Oapitalism. THE RUSSIAN SITUATION Reply to Sir. Noel Robinson's "Star Window" View of Soviet Russia. [By Dr. W. J. Curry] WAS preaent when Mrs " >Tered hei tho "Despotism of IWASi present when Mrs. Philip Snowdon delivered her much heralded attack on Soviet Russia," ana last ween «»j attention was called to Mr. Robinson's criticism regarding Mrs. Henderson's opinion of the fair labor leader, who now champions the cause of Imperialistic Capitalism. Mrs. Snowdon has always been an anil-Communist, and visited Russia over four years ago, just when conditions seemed hopeless, largely due to the British blockade, and the famine intensified by the activities of the Allies, who were then expressing their boasted regard for "the self- determination of nations." 1 know Mr. Robinson well and admire his sincerity and frankness, but like most of our middle-class Intellectuals, ho seems somewhat muddle- bended on economics and as Ignorant of the cause he champions as of tho thoory and practice ho assails. Upton Sinclair in his "Brasii Check," shows bow the advertising columns mould tho editorials and policy of the press. "They who pay tho piper sot the tune," nnd If tho "Star Window" deals seriously With the subject of Soviet Russia, lt must take Mr. Snowden's part and oppose the views of Mrs. Henderson. The testimony of Mrs. Henderson who recently spent sevoral months In investigating conditions in Russia, has been corroborated by many other independent investigators, the majority of whom were not Communists, but who nevertheless declare that the workers' republic Is steadily building up her social and economic foundations, and it ls quito evident that our system based on "proflnntion foi profit," is iu a staLe or docllno which will result in social chaos or a revolutionary change in the man- gement of our economic structure. I am Inclined to believe that tbe time has come when wo should make effort's to enlighten the class represented by Mr. Robinson, which is not only economically enslaved but in most cases mentally shackled with bourgeois fallacies and ideals. Mr. Robinson Bhould first understand that capitalism instead of being an eternal, divinely ordained system of ruling and exploiting subjects, Is one of various systems which in accordance wilh economic laws have arisen and passed away. Even the Vancouver Daily Sun some months ago in an unguarded moment declared that some from of Communism was destined to supercede the present social .structure. Today power aud wealth are concentrating in fewer and fewer hands, while millions, able and anxious lo produce wealth, are suffering famine because the owners of the moans of life cannot find markets for the commodities produced by these suffering armies of unemployed. Within tho last few days over one hundred masterless slaves have boen .hrown into our provincial jails as in "net of charity," and even Hem- mi Shaw has recently declared that 'if other planets nre Inhabited, this world must lie the lunatic asylum of the universe." we wonder that .Mrs. Henderson and others who know tho cnuse of these miseries, express their resell ttneiit when people tike Mrs. StlOWdon Who claim to be Socialists, re feted and flattered by all tho forces of reaction for their services In misleading the public regarding these problems wliich mean life, or death, to millions? "When Business Men Wer I torol it tlonlsts." 'headed his Royal Highness the King. This class struggle is even with us. Seventy-five years ago Carl Marx, and Ingles, in their "Communist Manifesto" firat gave the world the law of social development and placed history on a scientific basis. The in troductory sentence to this first pre sentation of scientific Socialism was "A Bpectre is haunting Europe, the spectre of Communism." Today this spectre has materialised and captured Russia, and will sooner or later capture the world. In spite of its mistakes and miseries the Soviet state todny repre- the workers, but in the light of history and their experience, what other manner than through force could their class enemies havo been conquered? There is no otfe to blame, the lion will defend its prey and the ruling elass lis economic basis, Tho desire for ease and luxury, tho tendency to become parasitical, If Jt can, Is biioglcal, Jt ia common to all life. Perhaps ono of the unpardonable crimes of Soviet Russia was Its publication of the secret treaties between , tho Allies. These prove thut the Greut War was being organized and that the working-class classes tricked to the trenches in tho namo of freedom, woro but pawns In the frenzied gamo for plunder. Ju a few days Mr. Robinson will havo the opportunity of hearing Prof. Scott Nearing, a writer and debater of international prominence, who Is also a champion of Soviet Russia. Nearing has been discharged from threo American universities because be failed to "goose-step" to the money hags who finance these institutions and erect thoir educational schemes I'or perpetuating plutocracy. Mrs. Snowdon and Mr. Robinson •e equally horrified at the brutal dictatorship now ruling Russia. It Is a dictatorship, not of the Czar nnd bis lords of the land, but of the workers, who. time after time, continue to re-establish Its power with their franchise' It seems too bad tbat nfter twenty eimiries of the gospel of peace and brotherhood tho river of progress 'Continued on page 2) RIGHT TO "BUn IN" Children Leaving School Constantly Increasing—Must Find Employment Somewhere. SEEK THE PROFESSIONS "Ohildren of Oibeon" Necewaiy —Not Sufficient Farmers and Laborers for Dirty Work. tBy J, C. Harris] YT/"E have grown up In a civilization where the right to "butt ln" has been regarded aa sacred. "ThlB is a free country" and "it owes me a living" has been a sort of North American gospel whose soundness was beyond question. As we are not so well satisfied with ourselves, nor quite as sure of our philosophy as we once were, it may be possible to examine even these axioms of our civilisation to see where we are drifting under their guidance. The question raised Is a very serious and pressing one. The number of children that we are passing through our high schools and universities is constantly increasing and, as they emerge from their studies they are certainly going to "butt in" somewhere, and deeply affect the happiness and prosperity of themselves and the rest of us. If we -ould ask the children now attending high school what they intended to do after they left, we shoutdget some most interesting and surprising re- — ~v,..-* BMM.-B iw, i o^i-o- plies and some Information that sents the transition stage between would make us question if the right capitalism and the next social order, to ..j,utt in.. la oInff to roye a culminating phase of evolution. The *ti«'M »" sure t0 ""<< a **■*? t™* chick absorbs the tmts. it mimt hmk numter who Intoim tn ».* •■....*•*..— **..„„ pause oi evolution. Tlie - - "" •"" *" ****** 8 vor,r grMt chick absorbs the egg, it must break numter who Intend to go teaching, through the shell, or perish. Every or nursing, or to take ts business birth means birth nnnirs ants fli*.*.,.!*,- cour.se and become stenographers. _- _ —.- etc. Amongst tho boys there would Mrs. Henderson seemed almost he plenty ot future doctors, lawysis, amused that the people of Russia chauiIeurs, b-nk clorkS| et(- A B--,, though ragged, unwashed and fam- ..... ,„ „ . , - Ished were enthusiastic and happy ,mny also would mean to go in o e freM fmm thr. ehnni.i- 1f Ijus.iksb and, If they bother at aii to think of the future, would imagine No class was ever moro regardful themselves as commercial travellers of human life and more docile than or government officials, i ■_ ,„„«.»— ...* ■ There would hardly be a farmer Lift Not Increase, But Hold Down 1925 Crops to Last Year's Acreage at Least. American farmers are advised by tho department of agriculture according to a Washington dispatch* to hold down their 1925 crops to last years acreage at least, in order to. .Void a glut und a consequent break j In high prices. A decrease In farm earnings is forecast for 1926. Here Is the carefully weighed and deliberate statement of the department of agriculture on the outlook 1925 Issued hist wook: "In the wheat bolt farmers should not expect a repetition of the unusual situation of 1924—a very good crop in this country and n short crop I'or the rest of tho world. In the corn holt, the short crop of hogs probably amongst the lot; a few would intend to go mining (as tho boss, of course), but remarkably fetf Would choose* any really productive work that entailed dirtying the hands and going without a white collar. Now this Is a most serious stute of affairs for some "childron pf Glbeon" aro essential, and the supply Is running short. We nro not raising enough farmers and laborers to do our hnrd dirty work, and the bo- hunijs, etc., that wo manage to import have u disgusting habit of drifting into our cities und there boating us at our own games, whilst tho Honorable William Sloan has given notice lo all Asia lo get out. Wc cannot blame tho children for this stato of affairs. We have worshipped our smart business mon and get rich quick artists; wo have despised our farmers as mossbuclts and Rubes, and we are sowing as we have reaped. Wo have not only despised these essential workers whose society was good enough for Christ, but robbed thom shamelossly until a child growing up In Canada know* the hardships nnd injustice of a farmer's life and dare not attempt It. So under present arrangements nearly all these young people are going to "butt fn" on the city people's Jobs. Finding so many applications, the hank officials will invite them to "bult in" lo the bank clerk's Job at a lower wnge. Some will "butt In" amongst the lawyers, and, rather than starve, will attempt any meanness and rascality. Perhaps tiie right to "butt fn" Is not the height of wisdom or n sound philosophy; it reminds me of my pigs butting tbelr wny into the trough, and lying down in it, If possible, to keop the others out. We will examine the "right to a living" in another article. At the Utile Theatro The Littlo Theatre on Commercial drive, near Venables Htreel was irowded on Monday night when 'The Devil's Disciple" was produced by Mrs. 13. A. Woodward. Tho play Is considered the dramatic masterpiece of George Bernard Shaw, and the local talent in its representation was a roal success. Characterization In both male and female parts was striking for its woll supported quality and make-up The detail work of ouch act was all that could be desired und well deserved ihe 11 horn 1 applause of the audience. In lovo and war, Ernest Young made a perfect hero. lie was ably supported by Miss Hetty Somerset and .lames P. Ferguson. Harold D. BechtOl and rill be only partially off set by high'-1 ahwi c,... r PHoo„ wh„„ reduced feeding UtT,. ZZlZ^JeZ^ l_ main nds for corn will tend to redti _ ith" total valuo of the corn crop. It Is, I therefore, probable that In tho wheat and fcom belts, which -comprise a substantial porlfnn of Americnn ng- 'lculturo, there win he a diminished Income os compared with 1924." bf Mr. Robinson should know that ever since primitive Communism there hnve been class si niggles between, mnsters and slaves, and that today the clnss he represents wero once progressive and revolutionary. The bourgeoise overthrow the feudal powers In bloody conflicts when foudal Institutions obstructed thoso rising merchants and manufacturers. Tho "reign of terror" in Franoe wns a buslnoss-clnss revolution In whieh the feudal lenders lost their heads, and the Holy Church Its properly, while In England the same class represented by "dictator Cromwell" mndo wnr on the old order, j"""' mnoiwi justice is only rudlmen- overthrew parliament and even be- tary nnd superficial.—Anntole France, Dr. Curry's tict'tlircs Fridny the subject will "Our Savage Survivals." Meoting will be hold In the C, P. hull, 066 Homor streot. Community Singing nt 7.30 p.m. ,l ud nee en n nol ren d hearts, and Ithetr strictest Justice Is only rudinion iclion. Garfield A. King, as tho honest horse-dealer, and Sam Wollwood. as tho villago lawyer, pleased everyone, while Miss Qoorglna McKinnon as loyal Essie, was most captivating. Wnrm congratulations were cxlended to tho performers as well ns to H. H. Sfmmoiids, stage mannger; Ross A. Lord, scenic director; Sam Wollwood, lighting director; and Mra. A. H. noughts, in chnrge of costumes. "Devil's disciple" was certainly well ployed, Cournge fs, on nil hands, considered as nn essontlo] of high character.'— Froudo. PAGE TWO JBEVENTEENTH year. •„,. 7. BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST Vancouver, b.c. FRIDAY February il3, 1925 Publishes every Friday by The British Columbia Federatloniat _____ .nd Editorial Ofllce, 1120 Howe 8t* Th. policy ot The B. 0. Federation..! I. aontrolled by the editorial hoard ol tho Fed* .rated Ltbor Party el British ColnmHe. B«_.iriptloo Bote: United SUM. endFor* eirn, 88.00 per ye»r; Canada, 63.60 per year $1.60 for el. month.; to Union, nub* .erlblng ta > body, 16o per member por month. _^__^, _. The Federationlit I. on aal. at th. tol- lowing new. .Unda: VANOOUVEE E. J. OALLOWAT..- MO Onayllla atteet n™_*™-B...-'iJor?. aSSSiSW F. 0. raWS STAID 585 OraafilU WW** iobx obeek *** Oman •«•» nmivAiioNAL boox tp_**a--ii____ Oor. Haitian and Oohnrtu timt. ■ °"T8S S3 no i-s^t-ttt. L0WS 1S-_-ff*emmVrisr~ia waltee -"H^fiSHnssra- —the newspapers—will again cry out about "Aslatio exclusion." Why. always attack the more or less innocent Asiatic? Why not attack flrst our own Canadians who are employing the Asiatics? The Asiatics are here, because many men, who are to day urging Asiatic exclusion either brought them here or utilized their services to the exclusion of their own citizens, after they were here. No doubt many of these same men Aid their part nobly In welcoming the fleet It would be quite in keeping with their well-known inconsistency. PLAOK BLOCK NBW8 STAND -«•-»•"-_„. ' lZ —.IM HuUnfi Strwt Wert MEWS STAND .Oor. Hastings aai Abbott Wwrti W. H. ARMSTRONG. M« IWa Strati BEV TOON'S BOOK SHOP Wl OrMTtlto BOULT'S BOOK ST0BE....SWyi OtmbU St, OEOBOIA OflWgWSffg^ BTBAND COMTB0T1OWET ^^j^ PBOOHNATJ * GATES....169 Broadway But P. TUBNEB BIB *»* 8t«rt B. A. WEB8TBB B99S PtSIW StWtt NORTH VANCODVBB SHOEMAKER k McLEAN.„.S Ltllialt ATS. NEW WESTMINSTER A. MTOOEAM 754 0HU.U IfcMrt DEPOT NEW STAND fcitarurtai Dtprt DAN MACKENZIE Oolumtta Stroot VICTORIA •BEENHAUOH NEWS AOENOT... _. ....Cot. TrtOI Md OOTMBBWBt HORSE SHOE BTAND..1223 OOTOrnrntBt St. Wa iBVT •** Ttt« Strtrt NANAIMO X. A. BAENABD .00 OwMoreW Strtrt POET ALBERNI W. H. DBNHAM. •»•« *»d PRINOE OEORGE KABL ANDERSON -Nawl Staad VERNON BUOENB BELLEVUE Box »22 ALBERTA VALLEY CONFECTIONERY .Dmmbollir ALEXANDEB NEWS STAND—«..-.«--. _ «*__>^ 2fl4 E.^tt Aw w Calgary BOSTON HAT WORKS. LABOB NEWS . nu-oni ■••:" .109 Eighth Ato. W., Oalgary NATIONAL NEWS f'ciiiitre"Stroot, Oaigary .304 nirt Strait W„ Calgary 8TAB SMOKE SHOP ~ ■■••-•- _ 125a Eighth Ato. E., Oalgary DNION CIGAR STAND .......... *Z 910 Second Stroet B.. Oalfary SASKATCHEWAN LAVCOOK STORES LTD Swift Ouxout SEATTLE, WASH. ■OKHART MEWS BTOBE JtaWi FRIDAY February 13, 1925 GENEVA PROTOCOL 0Ull readers are urged to read, if they havo not already done so; the report in this paper of Mr. Justice Murphy's address on the protocol. He ls apparently an ardent believer ln the efficacy of this instrument off peace. The Idea underlying the pro- tocal Is, indeed worthy of the earnest consideration of every thoughtful man and woman. It Is, manifestly, one of the best schemes that we can ever hope to have evolved under capitalism. We fear, however, that even if a sufficient number of nations do ratify it, that the disarmament conference will fall, and bo resule in the ultimate failure of the protocol. For such a scheme to bo a success, It must be operated and controlled by real statesmen, men of intelligence, and integrity, and men who have the Interest of the masses of human kind at heart. Otherwise, it will be manipulated and controlled by the big, in- tenational, financial octopuses. That are today shaping the future destiny of the world, through the medium of our "penny ante" politicians of today. The great masses of the common people today, tho world over, aro opposed to war, and would soon, were they left to follow their own judgment, uninfluenced by our duily "paid press" and our present-day politicians, outlaw war. ADVENTISTS SORRY! CONSIDERABLE Interest hns been shown by many, ln the prophesy that lho world was lo have come lo an end a few daya ago. It is ahout time theso Individuals gavo a little more concern to those things, and thoso conditions, which have a more direct hearing upon the lives of the peoplo as they livo hore on earth. The reason why so many ardent lahor followers fall to find themselves In sympathy with the teachings of our modern churches, Is becauso such teachings aro more or leas In a olasa with the teachings of the Kowenltes, They neglected the fundamental needs here on earth. When our preachers nnd adherents of the churches show some roal Intereat in the bettering of tho lot of tho great masses—other than by the aid of charity—here on earth, then the futuro of their Institutions will be on a much firmer foundation. FLOYD COLLINS TRAGEDIES never cease in this old world, lt seems. Floyd Collins, on this occasion, was the unfortunate victim, He la only one among the many. Our hearts went out to him, in his agony. Workers as a rule, are the ones who have to suffer ln such cases. Rarely ls the owner so caught. If he had to go through his works undor the conditions under which his employees work, we are firmly of the, opinion that few such tragedies would be enacted. Human life, is one of the cheapest things we have on the markets of the world today. The absolute indifference that is shown by the many employers of labor, towards the health and general welfare of their employees Is appalling, to say the very least. So long as a few dollars extra can be made, to help swell their dividends, little they care for anyone's welfare. And, again, so keen is competition becoming, In life's struggle, that it Is considered cheaper to risk human life rather than practice "Safety First." Not ntil co-operation, rather than competition, is the rule of our present social order, will human life be valued as it ought to be. INCONSISTENCY! OUR Japanoso neighbors hnve been the City's guests for lho past few days, Our dally press has beon quito awake io tho opportunity this afforded them of Increasing tlieir income from advertising. In spito of tlie fact, thnt many of these newspapers used, or allowed to bo used their nows columns to dlsparago our Asiatic friends, nevertheless thoy rush out with open arms to take their advertising toll. As soon ns the fleet has gone, they VETERANS OF INDUSTRY AND THE SYSTEM TO the observer, life holds many marvels, but none greater than the way in which mankind is evolving, or rather, allowing himself to evolve. Most evolution Is at best, an exceedingly slow process; man's progress is more than slow; it is reluctant, and it is roundabout. Life's little ironies bear witness to the fact. For instance, the real "veterans," the disabled and the aged members of the Industrial army, those who produco and distribute the means of life, are allowed to go to the wall when kindly charitable civilization can use them no longer; and those who do not really need them, th higher-ups of officialdom, receive handsome pensions. In comparatively slack times (that is, times of peace), our soldier-comrades, whose trade is destructive, alas! are paid a fairly high rate of dole In addition to the means of existence, such existence as common clay requires. The industrial worker ana some others, whose work is absolutely necessary to humanity, are refused even the degradation of the bread line, and are forced to starve or literally beg their way. In thickly populated industrial areas where this would be impracticable, where starvation might give rise to some drastic action on the part of the disinherited, the government pays a weekly pittance to the unemployed and recoived In return something like gratitude and—peaceful acquies- cense. Absentee landlordism has been another little Irony and still Is. Not only in Ireland, but everywhere else and right here ln Canada. It Is the dodge whereby one man hands over to another his right to toll, and receives In return the means of parasitism. The principle of shareholder Is somewhat similar in substance, though it is the question of degree that most people concern themselves with. We may be logical enough to deny that life is made up uf two classes, rich and poor, owner nnd slave, exploiter and exploited. Wo may even be shrewd enough to admit that all tho poor would bo rich, all the slaves masters, and all the exploited exploiters, If they wero unfortunate enough to get a half-chance, Perhaps, after all, lt all depends on the particular brand of human naturo with which one happens to be Htnmpod, Sueh logic, however, does not alter the fact that thero Is an ever Increasing army of people on the border line of starvation, and If we only get a few more Versailles treaties and Dawes plans put into operation by the powors that be (whether they happen to bo conscious of the evil or not makos no difference), the class division will grow wider and the class onmity moro marked. Tho poor are becoming poorer and tho wealth of tbe world Is being more and more concentrated. Tbe most optimistic ennnot expect any vory amiable feeling on the part ol' tho masses. An ever growing number of people realize just what Is wrong with "tho system," and are quite convinced of how things ought to be; yet the wrongs continuo nnd the rights don't como. And though it is always sen- Hlblo to blame tho other fellow, we can't blame tho capitalist altogether. Even Willinm Hhakcspoare told us thai If there weren't sheep ther' wouldn't bo wolves. And the ex ploited aren't sheep altogether either. For when it comes to a question of fair play and real effort for tho good of the team, the majority of people would rather not trouDle, or if they do trouble, they are content with throwing bricks at the "enemy" and merely raising a dust.; j Socialism and similar economic ideas are accepted as being a panacea for most ills. Whether this Is so or not, they will at least remedy quite a good many of our social evils. They have just one glaring disadvantage. They will not come into force of themselves. The cap itallst class and all its surrounding satellites may realize just how logical and reasonable and practicable socialistic ideas are, even compared with a good liberal or conservative creed. But we can hardly expect them to overcome their little prejudices against socialism In practice. That is no excuse, however, for apathy on the part of intelligent workers. The Power of Wealth (Continued from Page 1) S of its cannot flow steadily onward without theae cataclysms, but as John Mase- fleld says, "Tragedy at Its best is a vision of the heart of life, The heart of life can only be laid bare In the agony and exultation of dreadful acts, Commonplace people dislike tragedy and cannot exult. The carelessness of life and beauty marks the glutton, the idler and the fool in their deadly path across history." But who are .responsible for these outbreak* except these dunces and dupes who dam the river of knowledge with falsehood and platitudes and so bring destruction on themselves anu others? The revolt of a slave claBs is the unpardonable crime and to stem this red flood swelled by Increasing misery every atrocity used becomes the highest vfrf ue and the subllmest duty in the opinion of rulera. The leaders of Russian revolt understood this and so raised the Ire of political and moral anarchists such as Emma Goldman, by establishing a dictatorship, an invincible Red army, which alone saved the Soviet government from destruction. The first great rising of slaves was in ancient Rome, the culmination of these revolts ended in the defeat of the rebel chief Sparuigus. A hundred thousand slaves were slaughtered and as a warning .o others 6,000 prisoners were crucified ond their crosses strung along the Apian Road, leading to the "Eternal City." No more revolts took place and yet Imperial Rome perished as all nations founded upon class rule must perish. In March, 1871, the workers of Paris through the ballot captured the municipal government, the result was 30,000 men, women and children were slaughtered by the bourgeois defenders of "law, order," and especially of the right to rule and rob the common people. . "Democracy and Sclf-Determinntioii" The late E. D. Morel, Labor M.P., in July last in the British house of commons, showed how lavish Lloyd George & Co. had been in supplying funds to crush Soviet Russia while they.refused to advance her a loan to open up trade and purchase British goods. In this speech he says: "The millions of electors will not readily forgive this kind of thing that has taken place and they know well the source of these attacks is the same as that which caused nearly two hundred million sterling to be used in attempting to smash the Russian revolution by subsidising civil war and a blockade which destroyed tens of thousands of lives of innocent poeple." Frank Anstey shows how these funds were spent. A lot was expended to make Ukrania a centre of counter-revolution, and months before lhe armistice the warring Imperialists of Britain and Germany united to destroy this common enemy known as Communism. It was not until June, 1318, that Mr. Balfour in tne house of commons declared that the gold subsidy for Ukrania had come to an end. In Finland the same cooperation of Britons and Huns took place. The workers revolted, overthrew their Swedish masters and joined the Russian Federated Republic. Then the German Junker Mannerheim landed his troops, and joined by the forces of the British Admiral Kemp, laid this "hideous spectre of Bolshevism." The London Times referring to this "splendid" work of the German war lord says that he quickly finished the job, and casually mentions that out of 80.000 prisoners, 30,000 were shot out of a population of 3,000,000. As Anstoy says "Tbe glory of the noble tusk was not exclusively German They wore ably assisted by Allied forces." Our own "Sun" at tbat time published a photographic picture of Gorman heroes shooting lines of Finnish workers and casually remarked that 10.000 had been recently disposed in that way. Mrs. Snowdon saw Russia at worst, Mrs. Henderson four years later when Improvements were visible on all sides. Mrs, Snowdon Is today working In the intorests of imperialistic capitalism. She is like a gaudy parrot in a gilded cage, chattering her platitudes and responding gladly to tho rewards of her masters and tho apphiuao of thoir muddle-headed dupes. As Mrs. Henderson .suggests, no wonder Lenin continually smiled at this representative of British Labor. The recent delegation of British Trade Unions, which Is returned from Russia, is publishing thoir roport. Theso delegates nre unanimous in declaring Russia tbo vanguard of the world's labor movement, One of theso, A. A. Persel, says: "The Russian working clnss Is a colossal mirror which reflects everything"*which Is best In tho working claaa of tbo world." E, D. Flcmmon, ex-socreiary of the Amsterdam International Labor movement saya; "I made this journey at my own expense, the working Olass of Russia has takon Its fate In Its own hands, The economic situation is slowly, but suroly Improving. [Nemesis] T WATCHED a group of sturdy children'at play. They were imagining themselves to be soldiers and were dispatching enemies to the next world in large numbers and with great gusto. Children are worth watching and studying for, if you know the child intimately, you know the adult, for the latter is only a child who has camouflaged himself in a hundred and one disguises other than whiskers. Like our children, we are all moved by a primitive imagination, for it is a quality which has never been properly trained as It should have been, harnessed to. a power of reasoning. Ultimately that will come, whon a sane and international system of cooperation has displaced tho present, insane competitive struggle for pelf and power or for a bare subsistence. As the child imagines himself to be a hunter, soldier and slayer generally, so the adult imagines himself to be a pontontate, a millionaire, a Christian or a Solomon, and he never will admit what he really ls and what the system which governs society has made of him, a true and ardent worshipper of the god of gold. At Christmas timo, you will have noticed that our imagination glows in a sudden, flame. We talk of the poor in Christ-like terms; wo imagine we are Christians; the capitalist press presents lurid, agonizing yet unex- aggorated pictures of the sufferings of the poor, each picture a telling and terrible indictment of the system they uphold; we respond and send our mite and sign It, "In Jesus'name"; we glow with satisfaction at our imaginings, yet Christmas passes and having fed thom for a day, press pulpit and people leave the poor whom Christ loved, to their own resources for the next 364 days. The language of a people, though often employed as a camouflage, reveals the true pulse beat of the nation's heart, and using the English language as a guide, I will try and show you that we have only one god the almighty, ever present, never forgotten god of geld, If it were left to the little savage of six to Imagine his heaven, we know that it would be a place where soap and water were non-existent, and marbles and jam tarts distributed freo and without restriction. Lot us see what the adult idea of heaven presents to us, as revealed In our hymn-books, pulpit discourses and other reliable sources of Inspired knowledge. We have often been joyously impressed with the references to the golden gate of heaven leading to the golden streets and harps of gold. It never snows ln heaven, or we should have reviled in glorious pic- What Impressed me most was the enthusiasm of all for their work. They realize they are producing for human consumption,.and not for profit. The great fact is, that in Russia the workers hold power," Mrs. Henderson may meet with opposition, and sneers, those who espouse the cause of humanity in a fundamental way have ever met this fate. Tens of thousands of Communists in Europe are today enduring the tortures of prison, becauae of their educational activity in the cause of pro- isa. Two hundred and thirty thousand of Indian Nationallats are imprisoned because of their activities for Independance. History repeatB itself, but while tho re-handed Herods, and the Judas Is- cariots live only in the Hell of lm- famous memory, those who drink the hemlock for "perverting the mind of the youth," and those who feel the crown of thorns, and the suffering of the Cross, for being seditions, and { "stirring up the people," reap an immortality, for they live in the mind, and affections of freed humanity, and in the new social order of which they are part. *■ 'tures of golden snow, gleaming in the golden sunshine. Christ, the greatest of earths teachers, spent his life and ultimately sacrificed it ln teaching the great, eternal moral law, by obeying which man could flnd rest and peace. We do not call this God's rule or Christ's rule but the golden rule, and we love to mouth it not for its own sake, for we only publicly recognize it one day a year, but for its beautiful and inspiring name. There is a large association of people who believe that God will soon bring a true kingdom of justice here on earth, a sort of klndom which true socialists are working for, and they have a magazine to show how God will introduce this eternal and just state of things and they call their magazine and refer to this now era, not as God's kingdom or as the age of justice, but as the golden age. Our hymns present, to us such pictures as the following, "Soon In the golden city, our boys and girls Bhall play." I presume all Iron and copper gods will be strictly barred from such a beautiful place even |more rigidly than liquor from the Holy land—the land of goldon hopes to the south of us. Our sunsets are never yellow nor orange, but golden, the golden flush of dawn takes first place in all our descriptions of early morning. When wo describe a person of generous disposition we say he has a heart of gold, and we can pay him no higher compliment. Our poets revel in golden description, golden days, gold tipped mantled summits, golden sands, golden glints and golden glows, When the altruist draws a picture of what our earth might be under a common-sense system of co-operatton, of universal happiness and absence of want and woe, the offsprings of our present system of gold grabbing and greed, we dignify it by the name of the golden dream. "All is not gold that glitters," wo exclaim, when draw-' Ing attention to the spurious, thus re*, venling our worship of the pure and perfect god of gold. All will remember the golden opportunity advertized in England on the car of the paid agent from Canada In the legend "Cnnada Needs You." It truly was a golden opportunity for that paid agent aud tho shipping companies. If we write "The sun was setting and tho inlet lay beneath us like a yellow lake," our readers yawn, but lf we say "like a lake of burnished gold," their eyes gleam with a warm joy, so mentally stimulating is the golden metaphor. The above examples, and you can recall many others to your mind for yourselves, reveal our national worship of the golden calf. Aaron and his co-conspirators proved themselves good psychologists when they got together when their leader, Mosos was away up the mountain. When our god has been discovered in some unfortunate spot on the oarth, either in torrid zone or under arctic ice and snow, you have read of the wild and frantic rush of maddened men to the spot; of the crimes they have committted, of the terrible hardships they have endured ln the hopes of clutching it; but have you ever read with such enthusiasm, such red-eyed fury displayed in the service of Him whom we describe as the living God? Here and there a martyr perhaps, whom we have tolerantly regarded as harmless abnormalities, with smile, tear, or sigh, according to our disposition. And we know the power of gold. It floats the majesty of man-made law and brings contempt upon it, which Is social chaos. Murder hides with leering grin behind its camouflage. Tho rich may revel in their iniquities behind doors which fear not raid nor rush, but woe to the poor when they trangress, for the law in its unhampered wrath, opens wide its dungeons for their shivering bodies. We have a prayer which we call Our Lords Prayer. Wej mumble it to our own hurt, for we have missed Its slgnlficanso and its beauty, and I should like to suggest something like the following as a substitute for it, so that we may at least feel that we are true and consistent in our supplications, which is a great advantage. - ... "01 almighty god of gold, whose face Is burnished gold; whose heart is pure gold; whose limbs are nuggetB of tho purest; in whom there is no alloy; whose intestines are golden gullets; whose perpiration is refined, gold dust; whose breath Is as the vapor from the crucible of molten gold; we hail thee with frenzied and fiery joy. We grovel at thy golden feot: thou art our life, our breath, our thoughts, our soul; we sacrifice to thee our honor, our humanity, our love, our all: at thy command we will plunge into the bottomless pit or slay without fear or favor: we are thine. O! shining god of gold, for thou art tho truth, the light, the first and only cause and when thou turnest from us wo are damned and cast into the outer and utter darkness of despair, O! god, O! golden god, pour thy riches we beseech thee into thy servant's life. Amen and Amen for ever and for ever." [Note—As many enquiries retch this office from time to time, the editor will reserve space to deal with such matters, under the above heading. Communications addressed to "Notes and Queries Editor" will be handled as quickly as space permits. —Ed.l P. A,—Much appreciate your letter which sums up the ideal for tbe worker, a full week's pay for a fair week's work, with full time for recreation and study, when he need;, not worry about old age, knowing he will be cared for as hia right, by the Commonwealth, when we are not taxed for parasites to fatten on, for wars and for grafters and profiteers. Be sure, that time will come, all right, all right! See us when you come to Vancouver, E. GRAY—J. Wilson, and others referred to last weok. The figures were unavoidably crowded out. but appear In this Issue. S. Watson—The Mr. Stead you refer to Is F. H. Stead, warden of the Broeouing Hall, London. In his book he certainly succeeds in showing that the labor movement in its aims and ideals is at heart a religious movement. How can it be anything else, when it alms arc for the good of humanity. W. WHITE—Mexico is doing well, and great hopes are felt that President Calles, may, with his sabor government be the stabilizing force after the revolutions of many years. MRS. A. Parker—Samuel Gompers was born In London, England In 1850, of a Jewish family, came to the United States in 1863. One writer of a biographical artielo says: "he was, In my opinion, one of the ten or twelvo greatest Americans. . . .his greatness was as much in his enemies as in his friends." Better Beer And it costs no more! Mndo from the very finest of hops nnd molt nt Vancouver's most hygienic brewery. Insist on "Cascade" Thla advertisement is not published in* displayed by the Liquor Control Hoard or by the Government of British Columbia. , . .1. , . ... ... ... ...!.. Store Opens at 9 a.m. and Closea at 6 p.m. 'Two Notable Hosiery Values HOLEPROOF PLATED SILK HOSE—In black, aircdale, log cabin, Indian' tan, grey or brown. Sizes to 10l/2. Special ?1.00, a pair. HARVEY SILK HOSE— In black, stone grey, platinum, camel or pongee; heavy quality. Special, $1.__5 a pair. —Dry-idalo's Hosiery Shop, Main Floor 575 OranviUe Street Phone Seymour 3S40 Victims of Militury Rule All nations attempting to live by conquest end b.v being themselves the victims of a military tyranny precisely similar to that which they hope to inflict; or, in other terms, the attompt to impose by force of nrms a disadvantageous commercial situation to the advantage of the conqueror's falling a victim to the very disadvantage from which he hoped by a process of spoliation to profit.—Norman Angell. Wonderful Spring Suits at $24.90 TEN different new styles, in overy size, for every type of figure. High quality Polret Twill In new colors, including greens and brick shades. A suit that will take the town by storm onco the exceptional valuo Ib recognized. Famous b^oo-m. 619-623 Hunting. Street West Vancouver Turkish Bathi Will Cure Tour Rheumatism, Lumbago, Neuritis or Bad Oold Massage a Specialty PACIFIC BUILDING 744 Hastings St. W. Phone Sey. 2070 Phone Sey. 1198. 312 CARRALL ST. G. S. MASON & CO. Established 1S8S A FAOTOBT FOB REPAIBINO HIOH- OBADE WATCHES, CLOCKS, CHBONOMETBBS AND JEWELRY Eyes Tested and Glasses Fitted by registered Optometrist Next Week at tlie Orplwiun Nan Halperin, distinctive singing comedienne, whoae rapid rise in vaudeville a few year ago led her to stardom in musical comedies and spectacular revues, is headlining at the Orpheum theatre next week, February 19, 20 and 21, a remarkable bill of vaudeville. "I Think You Touch," Is the title of a dialect comedy classic, presented by Harry Burns, popular in vaudevUle and musical comedy as an Italian comedian. Walter Baldwin and Ger- aldlne Blair and a capable company appear in a snappy comedy sketch callod "The Sleeping Porch." It was produced by Jlosallo Stewart, a prolific Broadway producer. That pretty and most expert of high-kicking dancers. Miss Binille Lea, is returning noxt week, assisted by Clarence Rock and Sam Kaufman. This season the trio evolved a new little story for their dancing and Hinging numbers, called "Paying the Rent," and contains a mixture of comedy to launch the varied dances into a speeding success. The Sterlings present a "Sterling Novelty". Perez and Marguerite, have an original offering that Is new to vaudeville. Kharum the Persian Pianist is an Orion(#1 novelty which is a surprise act. Topics of tho day and "Black Magic," an Aesop's Fable along with the Orpheum concert orchestra In musical selections completes a most interesting program. EVERY READER OAN HELP Every reader of The Federal lonlst can render valuable assistance by renewing tlieir subscriptions as mon ao they aro due. and by inducing another worker to subscribe. It docH not take much effort to do this. Try ft. It Is not so desirable to cultivate a respect for the law as for the tight.— Thoreau. Beforo the war there were 50 museums In Russia. Now there are about 250. Large numbers are being opened in the provinces and many of the art treasures from former noblemen's homes in Leningrad are being sent to provincial museums. Phone Seymour 2354 DR. W. J. CURRY DENTIST SUITE 301, DOMINION BUILDINO VANOOTJVBB, B. 0. The Enemy Of Loneliness lVTO NEED of feeling lonely •*•* when there Is a telephone in your house. Through It you can pay a visit to your friends, whether they live three blocks or three hundred miles away. B. 0. TELEPHONE OOMPANT. TTAVE you ever had a real drink ■"•of Pure Apple Cider during tha last few years? To meet the deslrea of many clients, we haye Introduced reeently a pnre dear sparkling apple eider ln pint buttles, either pare sweet or government regulation 2% hard apple eider. These drinks are absolutely pure and free from all canbonlo acid gas or preservatives of any nature. Writ* or phone yonr order today, Highland 90. VAN BROS. LTD. Older Mumf.ctur.ta 1965 OommsrcUl Drift, Vmmutw, B. 0. Bird, Macdonald & Co. BABBISTEBi, SOLIOITOBS. BTO. 401-408 HatropoUtu BnUdlni 837 Huting. St. W. VAXOOUVBB. B. 0. T.lopboo.l: Seymonr 6666 and 6667 FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST 1180 Oeorgia SttMt Hunday sorvlces, 11 a.m. and 7)80 p.m. Sunday school Immediately following morning service. Wednesday testimonial meeting, 8 p.m. Free reading room, 901-908 Birks Bldg. BANKING SERVICE THE UNION BANK OP CANADA, with its chain of branches across Canada, and its foreign connections, offers complete facilities for taking care of the banking requirements of its customers, both at home and abroad. Established Sll Years fRIDAY February 13, 1925 SEVENTEENTH YEAR. No. 7. BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER. B.C. tAGE THREE [Timely Topics TiERNAIlD ^HAW, whoso Ideas are ■P nothing jf not contrary to every 'oiU else's, reminds ub sbmewher? that the bulk of our "charity" IS folly, because we turn our attention only to the deserving poor. He pleads for the undeserving poor; those who haven't the energy, or the will-power, 'or the knowledge, or the application, to make a "success" of even obtaining bread and butter. Society, however, takes' a different view, and adds its heavy condemnation to the. already rather burdensome lack of ambition and effort on the part of unfortunate, undeserving poor. But then it's really hard 'to say just who is deserving and who isn't. Comparatively speaking, it is .not very long ago since "vagabonds," that is to say, the unemployed, were treated very cruelly by an Ignorant govern' mont and its Illiterate J.P.'s. Now' adays we have reached the stago where we givo vagrants (the unemployed po*6r) free lodgings in his majesty's gaol or pay them a dole or ■ just let them starve. When the end of tho world comes (and there's big difference of opinion between the strictly orthodox and the adventists) civilization will have a big charge to face, * • • A famous psychologist points out that whenever a man is sent to prison, the rest of society should go too. In strict justice. For every criminal, every weak drug or alcoholic addict, is really the victim of circumstances: circumstances for which society is responsible, But society realises few of its responsibilities. Because the individual sees no further than his own back door. We wonder what Bernard Shaw would say in the matter! * • • No doubt he would pass a few complimentary remarks on the police court system. The mnchinery of the police court system, to be correct. And he would compare lt with what ought to be in this so-called age of 1 science and reason. In judging a 1 criminal, account would be taken of these facts: who profited by the offence —■ whethor an international clique of drug producers, or a liquor corporation, or just the miserable In- dlvidunl in question; the history of tho offender; whether or no he was responsible for his make-up, mental or otherwise; whether or no he had chosen and arranged his environ; 1 ment; whether or no he was responsible for tho economic or domestic conditions which forced him into his present position. No doubt the authority in question would recommend some treatment or decent living conditions or interesting work. But - after all, wo arc still groaning under the capitalist system, the profit system. So such procedures would bo entirely useless and fnr too costly. ARTICLE XVII, I do not like the name Empire conveys Ideas of mastery over willing populations.—Viscount Morley Mr. Dooley on Mr. Dubb " 'Tls a sthrange thing when erne to think lv it that the' less money a man gets f'r his wurruk, th' more nlcissary it is to the wurruld tha he shud go on wurrukin'. Ye'er boss can go to Paris on a combination wedding and divoorce thrlp, an' no wan both ers his head about him. "But if ye shud go to Paris—excuse me f'r laughin' mesllf black in th' face -th' industhrees iv th* counthry Pines away."—Mr. Dooley, Premier Wellington COAL 1500 lbs. lump, $0.50 1500 lbs. egg 90.25 j. d. McNeill goal oo. ltd t 224 ABBOTT ST. Sej. 4288 Vancouver Unions ALLTED PRINTINO TRADES COTJNUIL— Meots seoond Monday in the montk. President, J. R. White; seoretary, R. H. Neelands P n Rox Bfl. FEDERATED LABOR PARTY, Room 111— 319 IVnder St. West—'Business meetings every Wednesday evening. A. Maolnnia, chairman; E, H, Morrison, sec-treas.; Oeo. D. Harrison, 1182 Parker Street. Vancouver. 3. C, corresponding seoretary. Any district In British Columbia desiring Information re securing speakers or the formation of looal branches, kindly communicate with provlnolal Seoretary J. Lyle Telford, 534 Birks Bldg., Vancouver, B. 0. Tel'* »hone Seymour 13BB, or Bnyvlow 5520, .BAKEFV SALESMEN, LOOAL 371—Meets 1 second Thursday every montb In Holdon Building. Frosident, J. Brightwell; flnanclal eecretary, H. A. Bowron, 929—llth Avenue East. INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Helpers of America, Local 194—Meetings flrst and third Mondays in each montb in Holden Building. President, P. Willie; secretary, A. Fraser. Offlce hours, 9 to 11 a.m. and 8 to 6 p.m. CIVIO EMPLOYEES UNION—Meets flrst and third Fridays ln each month, at 445 Richards Btreet. President, David Cuthlll, 2862 Albert Streot; secretary-treasurer, Oeo. Harrison, 1182 Parker Btreet. ENGINEERS — INTERNATIONAL UNION of Steam and Operating, Local 682— MeetB every Wednesday at 8 p.m., Room 806 Holden Bldg. President, Charles Price; business agent and financial secretary, F. L. Hunt; recording eecretary, J. T. Venn. MUSICIANS' MUTUAL PROTECTIV1 UNION, Local 146, A. F. of M.—Meets ln i G.W.V.A. Auditorium, 901 Dunsmuir Street, second Sunday at 10 a.m. President, E. 0. Miller, 891 Nelson Street; secretary, E. A. 1 Jomieson, 991 Nelson Street; flnanclal aeerstary, W. E. Williams, 991 Nelson Street; organiser, F. Fletcher, 991 Nelson Street. THE VANCOUVER THEATRICAL FEDERATION—Meets at 091 Nelson Street, at 11 a.m. on the Tuesday preceding tho lBt Sunday of the month. President, Harry Pearson, "91 Nelson Street; Secretary, E. A. Jamie- on, 991 Nolson Stroet; Business Agont, F. Fletcher,' 991 Nelson St. . TVPOGRAPHICAL UNION, No. 226—President, R. P. Pettiploco; vlce-president. C. \ Campbell; secretary-treasurer, R. H. Net* lands, P. 0. Box Oil. tf Meets last Sunday of each month at 2 p.m. in Holden Building, 16 Hastings Street East. PRINCE RUPERT TY Pit GRAPHICAL „ UNION, No. 418—President, 8. D. Maedonald. secretary-treasnrer, J. M. Campbell, P. 0. Box 889. Moets last Thureday of each lUOIllh [By Charles Hill-Tout, P. R. S. C, F. R. A. I., etc.] (All Rights Reserved) In the last article we traced the evolution of the Amphibia, the earliest of the land vertebrates from some preceding fish-like form, and saw that although there still remains some difference of opinion among evolutionists concerning the precise line of descent of these animals, whether they came from this or that species of flsh, no doubt at all exists in thoir minds concerning the fact of this plclne descent. The early aquactlc phase of life these intermediate forms normally pass through, and their possession during this period of fish-like gills or water-breathing organs, placed thcir origin beyond doubt or ques tion, The remarkable metamorphosis theso creatures undergo at the close of their larval life today is, perhaps, the best and clearest Instance that can be offered of tho truth of the biogenetic law, that the early life- history of the individual (ontogeny) Is In large measure a recapitulation of the life-history of the species to which it belongs (phylogeny). The Amphibia during tho first three months of their existence may be said literally to climb up their own ancestral tree, and no reasonable explanation of these recapitulative phases ean be given apart from tho doctrine of evolution. Apply this principlo and the life-cycle of the frog or newt, with the deep-seated transformations manifested therein, becomes clear and illuminating.- Disregard it and one is faced with an inexplicable problem. No "Fundamentalist" teaching can solve it. Taken nt one period of thofi' existence the Amphibia are glll-breath- ing flsh that cannot live out of the water. At a later period they are seen to be lung-breathing animals that cannot exist ln and under water for any length of time any more than we can ourselves. If, as the anti: evolutionist would have us believe, tbey were created out of hand in the beginning, In which of the two phases of their lives were they brought into being? As flsh or as land animals? And how did the fish-form become the land-form or vice versa, if there be no evolutionary process In nature? * Between the Amphibia and the next higher class of land vertebrates, the Roptllla, the gap ia slight, They merge almost Insensibly into each other. During the Carboniferous, und the earlier phases of the succeeding Permian period, important changes of the land surfaces took place. The shore zones underwent elevation which brought about a can- It sequent recession of the sea. This resulted in a .more varied habitat for the Amphibia which apparently called forth new adaptive responses on their part; for we find many new forms now arising. The earliest fossil Amphibians known to us were characterized by layers of fish-like scales on the surface of their bodies, which we can only suppose wore Inheritances from ' their piclne ancestors. This feature disappears In the newer types, and we find the same variety of forms arising among them as were later to appear among and characterize the Reptilla. Thus we have the Salamander-like Eumi crerpeton, the eel-shaped Ptyonlus With its single pair of short limbs, and the strange-looking Diplocaulus whose solid, broad, bony skull had the. appearance of a gigantic, triangular arrow-head attached to the spinal column. There were also alllgator-llke forms and others with protective armature and enormous spines. The Amphibia reached their greatest development during the Permian and early Triasslc periods, some of them during the latter period attaining immense proportions. One of these, known as the Mastodonsaurus on account of its great size, had a skull four feet In length and a body nearly 20 feet long. In general appearance it resembled the present- day Salamander. Thus the Salamander type is seen to be ono of the most persistent of all the Amphibian forms. It is one of the earliest types known to us and Is also one of the most interesting and characteristic forrjis of the modern Amphibia, Another of these huge late Permian forms was the Eryops, a eroco- dlle-llke creature with massive head, short, strong limbs and a long, powerful tail. With the closing of the Permian tnd the on-coming of the succeeding Triasslc period, the golden age of the Amphibia passes away to give place to that of thc more highly-organized Reptilla. From this time onward the evidence of their presence grows Ichs and less. In the Cretaceous only a few fossil .specimens of the small Salamander type are found, after which the links between tho modern Amphibia and the more ancient forms—apart from the Salamander* —are wholly absent. The day of the Amphibia in over, But so Insensibly nre the Amphibians of the Permian seen to merge Into the Reptiles that it is often quite difficult to determine from the ex- lernal appearance of tho fossil alone whether lt belongs to the Amphibia or to tho Reptillln. There is, however, one important structural difference betweon the two great classes. In the Amphlhifi articulation of the skull with tho bnck-bone in effected by means of two knuckle-like condyles or bony projections. In the •reptiles, as In .tfie birds which* evolv from them, there is only one of these condyles. This fundamental, anatomical difference enables us to distinguish between one fossil form and another from' these geological periods, and feel certain which wo are dealing with when these parts of the skeleton are present. Another ehnr- acteristlc difference between the two .classes is thai the Reptiles aro exclusively air-breathing, lunged-am- mals, They never rear their young In the water as we have seen the Amphibia normally still do. Yet Iheir genetic relation to and descent from the Amphibia is plainly evidenced by the presence of gill-silts and traces of tho gills themselves In the embryos of certain of the Reptilla, Our earliest knowledge of the Reptiles dates from the Permian, We know of none before this poriod. The most primitive forms known to us are termed cotylosaurs. These differ from their later kindred by the possession • ot solid, rooi'-lilce skulls. They closely resemble in this respect thc solid-headed kind of Am phibla known as the Stagocephalla from which, Oaborn thinks, they ar derived. They are a kind of animal intermediate between the Amphibia and the Reptilla proper. The rise and distribution of the Reptiles would appear from the fossil evidence to have been rapid, geologically speaking, when once they had been evolved. Their range of form ano> structure was wide and varied, and their adaptive responses to their environment very remarkable. We find them living under almost every possible condition of life. There were aquatic, paddle- footed, free-swimming forms like Limnocells, which propelled itself by means of Its long tail; semi-aquatic, short-tailed forms such as Labido- saurus. There. were marginal or marshland forms, insectivorous or carnivorous In their habits. Terrestrial, lacustlne, fluvlatllo and aerial forms both herbivorous and carnivorous; some being active during the day and othors during the night. Some of the terrestrial forms, the Dinosaurs, were of fearsome aspect, massive, predaceous creatures with sharp dog-like teeth. Other of the gigantic terrestrial forms were herbaceous in habit, feeding upon the leaves and shoots of trees. Three of theso great Sauropods, as they are termed, namely Dlplodocus, Camara- saurus and Brachyosarus, attained lncredlblo proportions having bodies 100 feet or more in length most of which, howevor, was composed of their huge nocks and enormous tails. They could brouse with ease upon trees 20 to 25 feet high. Taking the Reptilla as a whole they comprise no less than eighteen distinct orders which are again subdivided Into a great numbor of fam- generu and species. These eighteen orders sprang originally from some common Amphibian ancestor; and though wo cannot yet positively assert what this common ancestral form was, there are good ferounds for thinking that it was of the Varanops type, a primitive, lizard-like creature resembling in general appearance the modern monitor lizard Varanus. it had a long tall and four limbs of equal proportions each carrying five digits. Its structuro was such that in the opinion of Osborn It could easily have been lhe prototype from which all the eighteen orders of the Reptilla might have sprung. The Reptilian period extends from the Permian, the closing phase of the Palaeozoic, through the whole Meso- zolc or middle-life era to the Eocene, the earliest phase of the Calnozoic or modern-lire era—a period of from IB,000,000 to 20,000,000 years. The Reptiles are the dominant life-forms of the Mesozoic era. Of the eighteen orders that camo into existence five only apparently survived into the Tertiary period. The descendents of these are represented by the present-day turtles, tuateras (the giant lizards of New Zealand), snakes, lizards and crocodiles. The passing of the Reptiles is generally attributed lo the high degree of specialization to which most of thom had attained, and their consequent lack of ability to respond to tho very considerable climatic and other changes which marked the closo of the Mesozolc era and ushered ln the Tertiary period. Our study of the life-realm has made It very clear that whilo high penalization nids an organism in the struggle for existence, It also carries with it the doom of early extinction should radical changes in its life- conditions take placo; its very specialization rendering It unable to make the necessnry adaptive responses to these changes. Two classes of Reptiles stand out in particular from tho rest as having high evolutionary Interest for us. These are the Theromopha or beast- like forms, and the Pterosaurs or riying-fornis. Of the former the Cynodont, a creature with dog-like teeth, ond the Therodont, a creature with wild-boast-like teeth are typical forms, These pro-mammals, as thoy are called, are now generally regarded by pnlreontologlsts as the forerunners of tho animals which were later to succeed and supplant the Reptiles. They were ,mai'ked-off from tho other forms by their much mdre highly-developed and sturdier limbs by' which thev were enabled to f*a\ over tho ground moro rapidly, and by tho higher adaptability of their teeth, Speedy Specialization of the teeth Is seen to mammalian development, just as a lack of it ls characteristic of the Reptiles generally. j Before the geological record had revealed these pro-mammalian forms to us it was commonly thought that the direct line of descent of the later mammals was through some amphibian ancestor, so difficult was It to connect the Mammals with the Reptiles, as they were then known to us, on anatomical grounds alone. The fortunate discovery of these fossils not only removes thfs difficulty but also at the time affords encouragement to hope, that other missing links will likewise in time be brought to light; for while anatomy and embryology each yields valuable evidence to the evolutionist, It cannot carry with It the same degree of certainty as the more direct evidence of palaeontology is able to do. The Pterosaurs or flying-reptiles constitute one of the most Interesting of the many strange reptilian forms. In size they ranged from creatures not much bigger than a sparrow to forms with a spread of wing greator than any bird of today. They are not to be regarded as t'.ie direct ancestors of the feathered birds later to appear. They are merely flying reptiles, and their mode of flight, by means of bat-like wings, is believed to havo been a kind of soaring or gilding motio.i from a highor to' a lower level. Their chief Interest for the evolutionist lies in the evidence they afford of the wide adaptive radiation of the Reptilia. We learn from these Pterosaurs that the Reptiles had conquered the air as well as the land and the sea and that in this way they foreshadowed the birds. The origin of the feathered, true birds must be sought, It is believed, elsewhere, In some small, lizard-like reptile whose habits of locomotion were largely bipedal, and which had been forced to adopt in large measure an arboreal existence to escape its many enemies. We gather this from Bome of the peculiar characters displayed by the earliest of the birds known to us—the Archie opteryx. The wings of this creature were tipped with finger-like claws which on the analogy of the tree-climbing habits of the present-day young of the hoatzin, a strange species of South American bird—it probably used for climbing purposes. From Ihis habit of living largely in trees a modification of its limbs would have been brought about something after the manner of that seen in the flying-squirrel of today. Exactly what lines this modification followed wo have at present no means of knowing. Fossils of the earliest birds are yet very rare. Our chief authorities on the evolution of birds and their wings hold two distinct views as to the origin of the latter. One, known as the "pair- wing" theory, deduced from the earlier studies of the wing of Arch- teopteryx, regards the long, primary feathers upon the fore-limb and also those at the sides of the tiill, arising from modification of the earlier reptilian scales. The other, known as the "four-wing theory," more recently put forward by Beebe, and based principally on the presence of large feathers on the thighs of the embryos of modern birds, accounts for the later disappearance of the hind-leg wings by increasing non-use the flight function of the fore- limbs and the steering-function of the tall became more and more developed and specialized. As our knowledge of tht primitive fossil birds increases we may be able to determine which of these two views is the more correct one, But though we are as yet uncertain of the precise mode of evolution of the wings of the bird, no doubt at all exists as to the reptilian origin of thc birds themselves. The earliest fossil birds known to us possess far too many striking reptilian characters for us to entertain any doubt on this head. The gradual approach, too, from, the early reptilian forms, all of which seemed to have possessed I teeth, to the present-day forms, as revealed by paUooivtological evidence, also strongly confirms us In this view. And even the modern birds, highly modified and specialized as they are, slill plainly show many marked reptilian characters. One of these is tbe way in which the skull Is articulated with the spine. It is Identical with that among the reptiles, both birds and reptiles possessing equally but one condyle. This is a very important homology and carries much slgnlficanse with ft. Both, too, are egg-layers. Another specific chamoter showing the close relationship between the two forms Is the third eye-Hd or "nictitating membrane" common to bird and reptile alike; only in lhe former, as we mif.ht expect under the evolutionary principle, the moving mechanism of this lid shows an advance upon that In the reptiles similar to that seen in their brains. It ls not without significance, too, that certain birds of today never sit upon their eggs to hatch them, but bury them in a mound composed of vegetable matter and earth, and leave them there for the chemical heat generated by the decaying matter to do the hatching. The alligator, one of the present day amphibians, treats its eggs in just this way. This significance Is not lessened when we remember that a group of birds which follow this practice Is found In Australia, the region where the evolutionary process has been less active than elsewhere, and where the most archaic birds and mammals are to be found today. It is quite possible these birds have practiced this reptilian way of hatching their eggs from Eocene limes downwards. The young of these birds havo interesting characters too, which speak eloquently of tbeir ancestral history. While In the egg the first downy covering Is shed and a second nnd feathers appears, together with the wing quills. Theyjjare ready for flight at once when hatched. There is much significance in this. It furnishes another example of the adaptive power of llfg-forms, and recalls the Instances of the ready-born frogs and salamanders, which skipped the tadpole stage. That the feathers of the birds arc merely modified scales has been made quite clear by some recent researches upon the leg-feathers in the ostrich by Dr. Duerden of the Rhodes University of South Africa. He has been able to show that where the minute scales of the leg pass into the feathered part above,-they bea' elementary feathers at the time of hatching. The scale and the feather are associated together as If of one and the same structure, the latter being clearly an outgrowth of the former. His observations in this direction have led him to the conclusion that we can entertain no doubt at all about the genetic* relationship of tho birds and reptiles. The palfcontological record ls thus seen to be Btrongly supported by these supplementary lines of evidence. We can have no doubt, therefore, of the reptilian origin of birds. » (To be continued) "Tlio Dumbells" ut the Orpheum The one big annual event in the theatrical life of Canada has become definitely regarded as the yearly visit of Captain Plunkett and his world- famous Canadian soldier company, "The Dumbells," and the mere announcement tha this splendid organization is booked to play an engagement of three nights and Wednesday matinee, commencing Monday evening, Feburary 16th, at the Orpheum theatre, Vancouver, Is enough to start a flock of letters and long distance phone orders from the nearby cities and towns. "The Dumbells" are presenting a new revue called "Ace High," this season, and reports from the east, where they have been playing the past twenty-flve weeks, would indicate that it is the greatest show yet. All the old favorites including Al Plunkett, Ross Hamilton, "Red" Newman, Pat Rafferty, Stan Bennett, Mock" Holland, Ben Allen, Morely Plunkett and Jimmy Devon, are still with the company, in addition to a dozen new "stars". There are twenty- two new song hits in "Ace High" and the sketches are also new and highly diverting. The coal Industry has been ruined under private enterprise. Nationalisation Is an absolute practical necessity. —A. J. Cook. Our business is to persevere, consolidate, and convert public opinion to the sane doctrines of the Labor party.—J. R. Clynes, M. P. It is .because of the existing injus< tices and the utter inability of prl vate ownership to satisfy the aspira tions of our people and the necessities of the public, that the agitation for nationalisation must go ceaselessly forward.—A J. Cook. Pass The Fedorationist along to ■our friends. Help it in its fight for justice. If you are really in sympathy with labor, be a booster. The Federationist is out to do its bit. Help it, HOOVER ■"«« » W;' r Suction Sweeper With First Payment of $6.25 THE balance you pay in easy amounts to fit your own convenience. It's an opportunity that doesn't come every day in the year—a chance to buy the world's finest electric cleaner with an initial payment that no one will miss. Don't put off the purchase another day. Enjoy the comfort of cleaning house with this wonderful new model Hoover, with the ten revolutionary features. Let us show you in your home why the Hoover is now used and recommended by over a million people. Phone the Hoover department today and ask for a free home demonstration. —Fourth Floor. (_> T wc*wfrowwm-„ VDm wt nro P ***v VANCOUVER, B. 0. I believe Labor is "politics with a difference," and the causo is worthy of the best that can be put into It.— Albert Law. Be sure to notify the post office as noon as you change your address. OOBPOBATION OF POINT OBBT Tenders for Clearing, Grubbing and Contour Grading Streets SEALED TENDERS, addr.'SKod to the undersigned, for tho clearing, grubbing and contour grading of eortain streets will bo received by tho Council up to 8 o'cloek p.m. on Monday, February ICth, 1925. A list of streets, specifications, condl' tions anil form of tender may be obtained on application to tho Municipal Engineer on payment of Five Dollars ($5.00), which will bo roturned if a benn fide tender Is made. A deposit by certified cheque of Tea (10) per cent, of the amount of the tender must accompany each louder as Bocurity thftt, If called upon, the Contractor will enter Into a contract for the work and provido tho required bond. Tenders must ho marked on the outside Tender for Clearing, ete." Canvassing members of the Council for nny uf tills business will bo held to be ft diFKpinljficntion- The lowest or ony tender not necessarily accepted. HENRY FLOYD, C.M.O. Municipal Hall, 5851 West Boulevard, Vancouver, B. C, February 6th, 1025. Only In a world of sincere men is unity possible—and there, In tho long run, it is as good as certain.—Carlyle. NOTICE OF SALE OF SEIZED CAB IOBS. WILSON, Oity, an* SETMOUB AUTO BALES, 777 Seymou Street, Olty: TAKE NOTIOE that I kave seized Chovro- lot Touring Car, Model 490, Serial No. 913044, for Repairs aad Storage to the amount of $105.00; that I will sell the same at Public Aucli.a at 2331 Victoria Drive, Vancouver, on Fiuardty, February 28, 1025, ut 2 p.m., to the highest bidder for eash to satisfy tha aboff claim, together with tho cost of this advertisement. Dated thia llth day of February, 1925. (Signed) DAVID HINTZ. NOTICE TAK?) NOTICE that Ihe Annual Oeneral Meeting of tho shareholders of the Contra! Oity Mission Ltd. will bo held at 233 Abbott, in tho City of Vancouver, British Columbia, on Monday, lfith day of Fob., 1025, at tho hour of I o'clock p.m.., for tho purpose of electing directors and officers for the ensuing yoar, receiving of annual reports and trausaetlng such other business as Ib usually transacted at tho annual general meeting of a company. DATED at Vancouver, this 15th day of .n.. 1925. ' Jan., 1925, E. BROWNLOW, Socretary. be one of the marked features of more complicated generation of down B.C. FEDERATIONIST Official Organ of the FEDERATED LABOR PARTY OP BRITISH COLUMBIA Published in thc Interests of All Workers ■THE party is desirous of making what contribution it can to the better- 1 ment of society. It realizes that the most effective method to accomplish this end is by educating the masses through the medium of its press, and likewise the best literature procurable regarding the Labor movemont. There is no other means available to the workers to voice their opinions. Work with us to make The Federationist a mighty power for good in Vancouver and throughout British Columbia. Principles, not personalities, are alone desirable. Contributions for The Federationist are always welcome. Be brief and write on one side of the copy paper. Matter for publication should reach this offlce by Tuesday. Advertisements received up to Wednesday noon. You must have The Federationist in thc home each week to keep in touch with the City, Provincial and Federal and International Labor Movement. Subscription Rate: United States and foreign, $2.50 per year, $1.50 for six months. 1.00 per year; Canada, JOB PRINTING Estimates will be furnished on all kinds of work, gladly offer his services to those desiring them. Our solicitor will B. C. FEDERATIONIST 1129 HOWE STREET, VANCOUVER, B. C. PAGE POUR SEVENTEENTH YEAH. No. 7. BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST vancopvr. b.a FRIDAY February 13, 1925 $89.50 Buys the New Improved "COLUMBIA" Complete With 12 Selections The Columbia plays all records, has a non-set automatic stop and the finest motor possible. For perfect reproduction it cannot be surpassed and at our very special price should find its way into the homes ot all music lovers immediately. Call for demonstration. You may purchase on very easy terms. TOWNLEY & WARD, LTD. 443 Hastings Street West Near Eiohards Phone Sey. 2444 Woman and the Game of War [By MBS. BOSE HENDEBSON.] (Continued from last week) Music in the Schools COME time ago the writer went to the John Oliver high achool, to hear the children from several of the South Vancouver schools, givo a concert ln aid of the Elks' Christmas fund. The conditions under which they appeared were not calculated to enhance the beauty of the performance, there being no dressing rooms suitable, and very little stage accommodations. There was at once evidence of an enthusiasm on the part of a section of the teachers, which is likely to produce good results In the near future, if proper encouragement and opportunity be given. Musically, with the exception of a very tuneful little operetta, and several girls' choruses, the performance was crude and lacking in the finer points, and altogether gave evidence of how far we are behind in school music in our community. The object of the.writer is not to attempt to belittle the work of the teachers, or the children, as there was evidence of hard work throughout the whole performance, much of it, no doubt, done after regular school hours. There was also a quiet dignity and lack of sophistication, which showed the evidence of skilled training. The fact that apart alto gether from its aesthetic value, music is the greatest factor in developing the artistic temperament in man kind, is the sole reason for my taking this opportunity of advocating its inclusion in the curriculum of our schools. Music Js the natural means of expression of lhe pure emotions of the human soul, and one of the greatest essentials in the new civilization which Is rapidly approaching, is that the coming generation should have their minds attuned to the high ideals of love, liberty and brotherhood. It has heretofore been the privilege of the wealthy to have all tho advantage of culture. The lime has come when the children of thc masses must have all tlie essentials to a full, uncribbed and wide horizonod manhood. Mahomet the Prophet Is credited with saying: "If I had two pennies, with one I would buy bread, and with the other violets," thereby placing the appreciation and enjoyment of the arts on an equal plane with the pursuit of the essential loaves and fishes. The educational system of today has little time for violets, its object being to train the children to become efficient cogs in the wheals of industry; to have their day and cease to be. as part of the machinery which grinds out profits for the few. The parent teachers' associations and other bodies interested in education, can do a good work in this connection. First—By seeing to it that time be given to the study of good music. Second—By pressing for the ap pointment of a qualified instructor to superintend and direct the work of tho teachers. Third—By establishing a school' competitive festival or becoming associated with the existing festival and establishing classes for annual competition, making entries from each school compulsory. Fourth—By establishing open air classes in the summer at the beaches and in the open spaces for the teaching of singing games, action songs, etc., so that the children will sing sweetly ln their play instead of rancorous]!', as Is their want in these uncultured days. Take a hand in this work, fathers and mothers, and know that your boys and girls will grow up to love the beautiful and know not that which, ls vile. Laws grind the poor and ihe rich men rule the law—Oliver Goldsmith. (JET A NEW SUBSCRIBER Tho greatest assistance Hint tho readers of Tlie Federatloniat can render tis at tills time. Is hy securing o now subscriber. By doing so yon spread tlie news nf the working class movement ami assist us. Dr. Gallant, Chiropractor, 712 Robson THE CHOICE OF THE UNIONS CATTO'S VERY OLD HIGHLAND WHISKY THOROUGHLY MATURED—ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR BRANDS AT THE GOVERNMENT STORES GOLD LABEL 15-YEAB-OLD Ask (or CATTO'S. I'or sale at all Government Liquor Stores Tbii .Atettitement Is not pubUsled ar displayed by tb* Liquor Control Botrd or by tbe Oovernment of Britiih Columbia -CARDS FOR- WHIST DRIVES GET YOUR OFFICIAL PROGRESSIVE WHIST SCORE CARDS, (16 or 25 games), ONE DOLLAR ($1.00) A HUNDRED, AT Cowan Brookhouse, Ltd. 1129 HOWE STREET Phones: Sey. 7421, 4490 Five Hundred Score Tablets, 20c each Court Whist Cards, 15o per dozen; $1.25 per 100 Fresh Cut Flowers, Funeral Designs, Wedding Bouquets, Pot Planta, Ornamental and Shade Trees, Seeds, Bulbs, Florists' Sundries Brown Brothers & Co. Ltd. FLORISTS AND NURSERYMEN 4—8T0RB 9—4 in HastlnEB Street Eaflt Sey. D8B-872 065 OranvUle Street Sey. B51S-1391 161 hSb Street Weet Sey. 1370 1047 OeorgU Street West Sey. 7412 "SAT IT WITH FLOWERS" STOVES AND RANGES, both malleable and steel, McClary's, Fawcett's, Canada's Pride, installed free by experts; satisfaction guaranteed. Cash or $2.00 per week. Canada Pride Range Company Ltd. 346 Hastings Street East Sey. 2399 Muddling Through Pass in Melancholy Procession If these boys, as they passed by in the melancholy procession, eould look into your eyes or could speak to you, what do you imagine their message would be? Would they tell you ol the victories and heroics of war, or would they tell you that in war there are no victories or vanquished? The common people who supply the canon fodder pay the cost—95 per cent, of all the cost—in life, suffering and taxation for generations after the war is over. They would tell you that for every Victoria Cross on the breast of the living there are 100,000 wooden crosses on the graves of the dead. They would not tell you of the glories of war; they would try to unfold, as Philip Gibbs does, in his book, "The Realities of War," what war really is. They would not speak of victories and victory balls. They would not speak of ''magnificent charges'' and '' triumphal marches." They would not speak of "territories taken," "armies captured," "cities razed." Their message would not deal with profits, oil wells, coal fields and "spheres of influence." Rather would they demand that the women of the world search out the causes of war, where the germs of war are hatched and nurtured, and having found the source of the disease, join with thc mothers of every land to wipe from the face of the earth war—the senseless, loathsome, diabolical game of war. When women set themselves the task of finding out the true cause of war, they will need to prepare to be shocked. The lie of its causes and sole responsibility has been trotted out by so many "good people" and "reliable authorities," for so long it has, I fear, become for most people an undeniable truth. There was never less excuse for retaining this unfounded belief. Never less excuse for remaining ignorant of the true onuses of war —if women will only set themselves flic task of reading books written by Brailsford, Lowes Dickenson, Bertrand Russell, Morel, Seymour Cox and Seott Nearing. If the dead could but return for one hour, lhat hour would be spent in shocking the women of the world into a sense of their responsibility. They would portray as Gibbs tries to do in his book, war in all its realities. Even Gibbs palls before tbe task and says he sickened because the things he saw wore so unspeakable and the worst of them unprintable. "All that tbe mind would shrink from of excesses; All that thc body perpetrates of bad; AU that we read, hear, dream of man's distresses; All that the devil would do if run stark mad; All that defies the worst which pen expresses; All by which hell is peopled." —Byron, Don Juan. But who can portray the realities of war? Its cost in life, its moral degredation, its foul miasma of lies, hate and fear? Thc scars of thc body are minute as compared to the scars that corrupt the mind, becken the soul and poison both soul and body of generations yet unborn. Tf these dead men could speak, they would tell a story of hero- siu and cowardice, murder and mirth, selfishness and sacrifice, aughter and tears, groans of agony and shouts of victory, prayers nd curses, despair and disillusionment, dope and debauchery, pro- anity and obscenity such as would beggar the imagination. If these dead heroes could speak', they would tell of romance- yea, of heroric deeds of bravery and sacrifice, yes—but they would concern themelves far moro with the side of war that is shrouded in silence, and of which women arc kept in ignorance, for good reasons. They would unfold a story that would shock women with a greater sense of responsibility towards their children, and arouse in them hatred and .loathing i'or the whole horrible game of war that would make war well nigh impossible. Let mothers once understand the horrors of war and there will be few so unhuman as to turn thcir sons over to it by the millions, unquestionably as they do today. They would tell of their mangled comrades writhing in trenches tormented hy lice, rats and mice, wallowing like swine iu the blood, mud and filth of the battle fields. They would speak of barbed wire entanglements, shell-holes, guns, tanks, bombs, greuades; liquid flame, ilisease germs, poison gas, the babblings of the insane, and the ungodly spectacle of millions of men, armed with every device known to science, doing one another to death over tho length and breadth of a continent. And yet this picture but lifts the curtain on the (irst act of the drama of war. It would convey only a glimmer of the suffering thai men endure. Back of the millions of men are millions of women—mother, wife, sister or sweetheart. Back of these women are millions of chil dren, the mute, outraged, exploited victims of an accursed system making for war. Capitalized Value of Life This computation is based on tbe estimate of thc value of human life made by M. Barriot, a French acturary, fourteen years ago. He estimated thc average social value of the individual to thc lead ing countries as follows: I_higland....£828 United Slalos.__.£944 France....£500 Russia....£404 The Morning Post then reaches the following figures: Great Britain 983,904 £ 695,420,512 United States 109,740 103,549,560 France 1,654,550 963,639,000 Russia 4,012,064 1,620,873,856 Bankers figure thc cost of war in money; manufacturers in lost labor-power and raw materials; merchants in ruined commodities and lost markets; humanitarians in loss of life; money changers would barter and wrangle over their profits and losses. Ministers of the gospel speculate on thcir heavenly gain in departing souls or acquired virtues in war, but, so far, no onc has dared to estimate the cosl of war to those innocent, helpless victims who bear the greatest burden, the women and children of thc masses. The mother heart sinks as she catches a last glimpse of thc babe she has born on his way to embark. The wife stiffles the anguish and terror that clutches at her heart, when she hears thc words, "I'm called up." Dazed, like an animal at bay, she gathers her babes around her, and shudders as she thinks of facing the world alone—protector, breadwinner gone. The father of her babes laken from her without question. The maidens heart sinks when she questions, "Will he ever return?" and sees her dreams of home and children shattered perhaps forever. In her heart of hearts overy intelligent woman questions if her men folk will be strong enough to withstand the moral degradation of the battlefield and war physcbology, and fears when they are returned to their homes of tbeir moral and physical fitness to be fathers and husbands. For thc women of the middle and ruling classes, generally speaking, war exists for them in conversations, military balls, reviews, victory balls, anniversary banquets, organizing and raising patriotic funds, and kindred activities. Their husbands and sons to be sure go to war, but. keep well away from the danger zones. They are officers or subordinates. They fight the war by telephone, from arm chairs, and luxurious clubs, the best thai can be provided is theirs by "divine right," aud their wives and families arc especially favored in many ways, They belong to a different class, many having large investments in munition Avorks, railroads, shipping, etc. (To be continued) TV7E ARE muddling along nicely these days. The report of the recent meeting at the joint conference on law enforcement between the city authorities and the local M. I_. A.'s was Indeed enlightening reading. They are finding lt difficult to enforce their righteous laws which is a very serious state of things. Though we are quite sure they will muddle through, one begins to wonder how this muddling process will ultimately end. Let us look at the facts. Recently there has been many major crimes undetected and unpunished and our new member Mr. Woodward blames the Chief of Police, we think quite illoglcally. Bootlegging has developed to such, a pitch that the Attorney-General has had to come forward and intervene with his authority, as the government is losing considerable profit by this so- called Illicit trafficking. » It would seem that the govornment and the bootleggers are struggling for mastery as to which Bhall' Ultimately control the immoral trafficking In alcohol. In the pharmacopce, al-fe'ohbl Is listed with opium, cocaine and other narcotic drugs. The government with its right hand is trying Btrenuously to put down the sale of opium and cocaine and with Its left pushing vigorously the sale of the other narcotic drug, alcohol, for tho unholy profits that sale produces. They had a mandate from the people you exclaim. Yes! From a body of voters engineered by what ^ called the Moderation League, and It they want it they can get a mandate from a moderation league of the other dope takers. There would be a lot of money in that too. Why not try it? Manson and his colleagues are filling our prisons with men and women for doing that which they themsel ves are doing, peddling alcohol. A corkscrew kind of logic, Isn't it? And a hybrid species of morality also, There is only one letter's difference between might and right but a whale of a difference otherwise, Pity the poor police. There is cause for the ever increasing crime which is easy to point to. Anyhow the polico are not the cause, Mr. Woodward. If you don't know that causo consult tho pagos of the 13. C. Federationist, aud you will soon find out. Serious crimes, occuring as they do evory day, there must be hundreds of those crimes on the Police list, and how do you suppose the police are going to nttend to them. They couldn't give fivo minutes a day to each unsolved crime. Their day would have to bo a month long to do that and each day the long list lengthens. When the police are called in to those clueless cases, what arc they to do, Mr. Woodward. They can only put the police machinery to work and trust to luck, What could you do, Mr. Woodward, more, than that if you were called in to solve a crime in which wns no clue. The Vancouver Police are as smart and clever as any other body of crime dectectors, when they have a clue to work upon. And. Mr. Woodward, from the Chief down they are a little above' the avernge in human ilntelllgence and I don't think you can claim much more than that for yourself. How would It be, Mr. Woodward to consult your colleagues, and jointly try and discover the cause of all this crime, and then If you are successful try and romove that cause. That per haps would be move logical and more COLLINGWOOD BKANCH F, L. P. The first meeting of the month, of this branch, was held in its new headquarters in the new Community Hall on Kingsway. Comrade J. W. Wilson occupied the chair. Applications for membership were received. The chairman gave a resume of the meeting of the Burnaby Federation of the F. L. P., held in the Holden Building recently. Cmrade J. Neville was appointed delegate to the C. L. P. in place of Comrade Cropley, who resigned. It was agreed that the officers of this branch for the ensuing year be elected at this first meeting In March. A report on the progress being made for the coming social was made by Comrade Mrs. Neville. It Is hoped that a debating club may be formed shortly in connection with this branch, arrangements being left in the care of W. Wilson. There was some dlscussiota over Comrade J. W. Wilson having run at. a candidate for the South Vancouver council while he was not endorsed by the C. L. P. The branch has requested a committee from the C. L. P. to come to thcir next meeting to explain the attitude regarding Iheir stand on this matter. helpful than casting the blame upon the police, A gentleman who reads, or delivers an oration publicly against a certain measure, and as publicly votes sheeplike, as bidden, ln opposition to his oration—well should we designato him as a black or a white sheep? In any case a little serious self-analysis of his own mental and moral atmosphere would do no harm. Good manners Is quite a virtue, according to the old copy-book text, which our great Attorney-General forgot whon he told our mayor, elected by a large majority of Vancouver citizens, "to hang ardund, and he might get an interview." A course of elementary etiquctto would not be out of placo hore, Mr. Attorney-General, because It is quite true lhat courtesy is a virtuo woll worth practising. Tbe mythical man in the street is puzzled these days, for he is begin ning to realize lhat his "betters" arc logically, morally and mentally not so far abovo him, that he cannot reach them with a very short stick. Things are not as thoy should bo. The storm signs are In the sky, and lo! the people's heads are buried In cross-word puzzledom. Why scorn the poor ostrich? The Federationist is out to holi the workers. There is no nobler work. Join us In the fight. Get your friends to subscribe. Penths from cancer Increased in Unitod States in 1923. Nanaimo-Wellington |COAL| iffmtffritmda [ -eJiavewon- I with our r - LESLIE'S BOOTLESS COAL $10 Per Ton "ALL-WHITE HELP" Leslie Coal Co. Ltd. 014 BEACH AVE. Phone: Seymour 0408-1528 As to Leadership Tho crowd will follow a leader who ( marches 20 steps In advance; but if he Is a thousand stops In front of tbem thoy do not see and follow him and any literary freebooter who chooses may shoot him with impunity.-—George Brandos. TO THE MEMBERS OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS Boost for The Fed. ODK CIRCULATION IS INCREASING GET ANOTHER NEW SUBSCRIBER f.liMNf» not iirem-i-lln'it Mil*"" ftbuoliitely necennrj. Kxuiul- nutlona uinde br **ratlu»*t* eyeNlKht Bpeclallat. ttnilHt'actiuu Kuunintwl. We grind our ono lenneft and do repairEiiitr. Leune» duplicated br mull. PITMAN OPTICAL HOUSE ro nil frl j iirimti Optical lloua* Be anrr of tke nililremi Above Wool worth's More. near Granville finite att, Oavin Chamber* «15 HiiNtliiK" Bt. W. 1'butie any. 10T1 MUSICIANS' UNION LABEL DR. FORSYTHE, TALMER GRADUATE Chlropractor, 709 Dunamulr St.; 10 till 6. Soy. 0798. Evga, by appt.; Sundays, 3 till 4. ■__*em_%k*—_\ m CANADA and U. rt. _.V. ke $ Union MusiciansEmptoyed Exclusively | LEND YOUR PATKONAGE TO THB MUSICIANS' LABEL. The Huh) tor Socllltlaill The fight against private ownership of land and capitnl, the fight for socialism, for the nation's control of Ms own resources) i» thd last ilirht in the age-long struggle of humanity for freedom; a struggle which can hnve but ono ond. And that end Ih tlie final disappearance from human society of the right of an owning class to live by tribute upon tlm lnbor of a subject class.—F. Henderson. Two hundred Jobless men sleep ln Now York City church. Help the press that'i Mping you. The daily, capitalist press is no friend of yours, comrade I Why help it? Workers! Support Your Own Press! START THE YEAR RIGHT ffr O FREQUENTLY we hear workers complaining about the injustice of /^ the "daily" or "capitalist" press, and about how unfair it is toward the cause of labor—and yet tbey continue to give their hard-earned money to perpetuate that institution. YOUR OWN OPPRESSORS The capitalist press today is thriving on the one and five-cent pieces of thoughtless—or ignorant—workers, while their own press has to struggle against long odds in its efforts to serve tbem. Why be your own oppressors? Why serve in the ranks of the enemy? THE REMEDY IS SIMPLE If you are desirous of improving your own condition, and that of your fellowmen, then support the press that is honestly endeavoring to fight your battle for you. That is the very least you can do for your own cause. BE A "REAL" BOOSTER FOR LABOR Show your own sincerity of purpose and willingness to serve by subscribing for The Federationist—the workers' friend. Pass your copy on to some fellow-worker after you have read it. Urge him to subscribe. Help The Federationist in its fight for the emancipation of mankind. The greater our circulation, the more effectual will our efforts be. Apathy and indifference on the part of the workers is more to be feared than the antagonism of the forces of reaction. Be true to your cause! Help boost your own press. B. C. FEDERATIONIST Official Organ of the Federated Labor Party
Publisher changes in chronological order: Vancouver Trades and Labour Council (1912) ; The B.C. Federationist, Ltd. (1912-1915) ; The B.C. Federationist, Limited (1915-1922) ; The B.C. Federationist (1922-1923) ; The British Columbia Federationist (1923-1925).
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