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BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST ■ INDUSTRIAL UNITY: STRENGTH OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE FEDERATED LABOR PARTY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA PUBLISHED Df INTERESTS OF ALL WORKERS .4 POLITICAL UNITY: VICTORY SIXTEENTH YEAR. No. 18 FOUR PAGES VANCOUVER, B. C, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 2,1924 5c A COPY 'A1 1 Unfortunate Conditions Under Which Many Women Toil In Order to Exist ■ PRODUCER AND CONSUMER |, Socialism Solution for Many His from Whioh Society Now Suffers Today ■ rpHK writer had the unique Privilege *** ot "H-teniiiK ln" for an hour that I | was all too short, one afternoon laBt week, during the meeting of tho pro- ■*' vlnclal convention of the Women's In- ■ stitute of B. C. It waa at the Bame IJ* time, interesting and depressing. To , hear of the unfortunate conditions un- . der which many of these women toll- i ed, yes, slaved, that they and their families might eke out an existence, t gave little comfort. How to get what'little they produced . into" the hands of the consumers, in Buch a manner that they might, in return, be able to receive such remuneration as would amply repay them for their toil, and provide themselves and their dependents with the necessities of life, was the urgent problem that they were facing during the brief time I waB with them. The old line palliative remedies wore everywhere, and were offered as the only aolution—apparently—for what "ailed them," Some one suggested that a few farm- 1 era" in one district might band together and Bend ln one of their number each week—that Is, those who lived* near enough to Vancouver's curb |V market, and there dispose of their produce. In this way they would be 1* enabled to cut down the overhead expense entailed in marketing their pro- i duce. Others suggested that they— this especially applied to the frult- • growers—should be more particular about the manner in which their fruit was packed, and should see that the boxeB were nicely decorated. Again, others suggested that bright, young, capable salesmen should be employed f* to sell, that salesmanship wns one of [ the factors that they overlooked ln B. |^ 0„ and that if they were to Pay more 'attention to this feature, they would If be much better off. There was nothing offered in the ' Way of a tangible suggestion that -would tend to relieve or even meet, to ■ the slightest degree, the immediate Urgency of the situation, as we all . know It to exist. So strongly has the spirit of competition, Individualism and selfishness been engrained into > our natures that we will allow ourselves to he thrust Into the very abyss of ruin before we will face, honestly and frankly the only solution, the only hope of a solution, to the tragedy that is everywhere about us, which Ib, quite frankly, a socialistic state of society, f It Ib not very comforting to think that our livelihood Ib dependent upon our neighbors being willing to market _ our produce each week; or upon how I* well developed our artistic sense has 1 become, so that we might pack our fruit in nicely decoratod crates; or I Upon our enjoying the good fortune */ of living In the neighborhood wherein f resides the most capable and nlce- j appearing young man or womnn who I; might, if they.are,so disposed, act as ■ our salesman. Wo had thought that fi we should be able to earn our own \ livelihood quite independently, according to our earlier teachings, but now \ we are nil at sea. It would appear j. that somo form of co-operation Is essential under capitalism, even though Jit may be quite limited in form. After spending this hour with our I lady friends, we made bold enough to suggest that ere five years had passed, a sentiment, markedly different from that displayed at this meeting would he in evidence upon similar occasions. Once again, socialism would seem to be inevitable, and to offer tho only reasonable solution for the many Ills from which society is suffering today. V Indica?';« That Electors Will Sool • Asked to Elect a Ni Vtovernment %_ OAPITALISM VS. SOCIALISM i: lASl inw BRANCH ^'Federated Labor Party Elect Officers—Endorse Candidature of F, A. Browne At a well-attended meeting of the I newly formed EaBt Burnaby branch \of the Federated Labor party' held on 'Wednesday evening, April 23, the following officers were elected: Presl- !d^nt, W. Paul; vice-president, W. Dingle; Beoretary F. A, Browne; treasurer, R, "Webster. Organization, social and publicity committees were also formed. R. Neville, W. Dingle and F. __. Browne were selected as delegates to attenjj the Canadian Labor party convention. The action of Central Burnaby nominating convention ln choosing F. A. Browne as candidate for next provln- lal election was endorsed. ■* Carpenters Accept Offer At a mass meeting of the Joint Carpenters union, held ln O'Brien1 hall, Vancouver, it was decided to accept jthe offer of the Master Builders association, increasing tho wages from Mfi.50 to |7.00 per day. The increase p affects all Branches of the wood-work- i ing industry, including house carpen- f ters, shipwrights and others. What Do the Worken of B. 0. Propose Doing in This Tremendous Task? 'THERE are Indications that the workers ln British Columbia will soon be requested to elect a new government. Political hacks of almost every known variety will soon be displaying their wares, mostly of the so-called llbdral or tory type, with the provincial party as an attractive side-show. It would appear that one of the densest smoke screens ln hiBtory will be thrown out, In anothor attempt to hide the real iBsue from the working people of the province. To what extent this will succeed. tho writer will not at this time attempt to forecast, beyond venturing the prophecy that the workers do not yet appear to understand their position sufficient to enable them to take hold of the reigns of government themselves for themselves. "Whether the next government be liberal, tory, or provincial party, makes very little difference, aside from a partial change in the personnel. Stripped from all camouflage, there should be but one question, "capitalism versus socialism." This may cause some to ask, "What does this mean?" The answer to the flrst can be ascertained by taking observations, nnd seeing it (capitalism) at work. Poverty and insecurity are not due to the niggardliness of nature. The earth ls a storehouse ample for human needs. The primary source of wealth is the land, with Its fertility and its yield, in response to labor, of food and minerals and timber and the materials with which we equip our lives ln all ways. With these sources of wealth at our disposal, poverty, and insecurity as a regular fact in human life can only mean that we have not yet developed intelligence enough to direct our energies on right lines to the service of human life. The storehouse Itself-, the common bounty of nature and essential, basis of life for all mankind, is the private property of the fow against the general community. Tho capitalist syBtem simply resolves Itself into this:'That hy owning the sources of wealth, the proprietor class Is In a position to say to the rest of us—yeB, you may come Into this storehouse of the sources of wealth, and there produce the wealth needed for the world's life; but only on condition that everything you produce belongs to us; We will allojy you to retain, In the form of wages, just enough out of the value of your product to keep you alive; the balance, the great portion belongs to us. -This is how it comes about that, In a world of abundant resources, the workers of the world are housed ln hovels and live meagrely. And we unhesitatingly state the only solution is "socialism." But says someone, "what do you mean by that, which brand of socialism do you refer to?" Briefly, the writer understands by socialism, "the socialist commonwealth is that state of society ln which land and capital are communally owned; and the prooesses of production, distribution and exchange are social functions." This as the goal, socialists ace mostly agreed upon; but the methods to be adopted to reach that goal are not so readily agreed upon. However, there are signs that indicate in many places there is, probably slowly, a coming together. Some of theBe signs are reflected In Great Britain, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, India, Egypt, etc. The lines of demarcation are becoming more and more visible, and one has not to drtuv too deeply upon their Imagination to visualize the final lining up for the great hattle to come, when "capitalism and socialism" will come to death grips. This will be the inevitable development of the class struggle; and be lt here noted, socialism will not replace one class by another; but to end class rule altogether. "What do the workers propose to do ln B. C?" Place their stamp of approval upon the present unequal system, or join with their fellow-workers the world over in marching towards the only possible goal for their emancipation. Socialism, by sending to Victoria nB their representatives, men and women with clean lives, with high Ideals, with an understanding of, and determination to contribute their quota to ending the,, degradation eml- natlng from the present proflt system. It's a tremendous task, requires steady work and indomitable courage. There ls no easy road, but the goal Is well worth the sacrifices necessary to reach it. Acquaint Your Fellow Workers with Clean Labor Journalism HAVE you friends to whom you would like The B', C. Fedorationist sent for a month, in order that they may become acquainted with this upright, constructive weekly Labor paper? If you have, send, us thcir names and addresses, accompanied by Twenty centa for eaeh monthly trial subscription. Those whose names you senfl will be notified of your courtesy. You may use the coupon below, or write us.. Your Own Name Street Address.. City and Province.! Amount enclosed $ Please Send The B. 0. Federationist for One Month to: * NAME STREET ADDRESS CITY AND PROVINCE - ' . TRIAL BUNDLE ORDERS—Twenty-Avis or more copies, 2% cents per copy. DEMISE OF WM. GEORGE Prominent Old-time Laborite of B. 0. and a Former School Trustee The death occurred at the family residence, 3749 Kingsway, Burnaby district, on Sunday, April 27, 1924, of William George, in his 75th year. For many years he took a prominent part In local labor affairs. Among the various positions of trust he fulfilled to thc satisfaction of all hiB supporters was that of president of the Vancouver Trades and Labor council. He was a delegate to that body from the Civic Employees' organization, and was for several terms a school trustee of Burnaby. Of a kindly disposition, and industrious in his habits, he was always held in the highest regard by his friends and acquaintances, who were legion. He leaves to mourn his loss his sorrowing widow, five daughters and one son, Mrs. J. Murray, Burnaby; Mrs. Peter McGhee, Port Alice; Mrs. Morris Hastie, Vancouver; Mrs. Claude McDonald, Ocean Falls; Miss Willlamlna and Walter Moberley, at home. The funeral was largoly attended, and was held on Wednesday afternoon from his late residence. Rev. A. C. Cameron officiated nt the obsequies both at the house and the grave. Interment took place at the Ocean View burial park. The many beautiful floral tributes testified to the respect and deep sympathy for deceased, and condolence for the family, Jingo Reaction Likely In Germany The German general elections will be held on Sunday, May 4th. There Is a break In the unity of tho republican parties, thus giving high hopes to the nationalists. It looks like jingo reaction ln Germany, Tho Nation's Sovereignity Tho nation's sovereignty extends not only to all the mon and women of the nation, but to all the material possessions of the nation, the' nation's soil and all its resources, all wealth and all wealth-producing processes within the nation. In other words, no private right in property is good as ngainst .the public right of the nation. But the nation Is under a moral obligation so to exercise Its public right ns to secure strictly equal rights and liberties to every man and woman-within the nation. Thc whole is entitled to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole, but this Is to be pursued exactly for the end that each of the individuals composing the whole may enjoy happiness and prosperity; the maximum amount of happiness and prosperity consistent with the happi ness and prosperity of all the rest. A nntion may go further, and deter mine thnt all sources of wealth whatsoever are the property of the nation, that each Individual should give his service for the nation's good, and should be adequately provided for by the nation, and that nil surplus wealth should go to the national treasury to be expended on national purposes.— Pearse. BENEVOLENT SOCIETY Musielnns Elect Delegates and Directors—Northwest District Meets At Seattle The Musicians' Benevolent Society, which is an organization designed to care for the sick belonging to Vancouver Musicians' Union, Locul 145, held their annual meeting recently. The provisional directors reported upon their stewardship, which showed the finances of the society to be in splendid shape and everything progressing satisfactorily. President E. C. -Miller and R. H. Ward were appointed to attend a conference of the Northwest district of the American Federation of Musicians, under organization, at Seattle; this Northwest district will include musicians in Washington, Oregon, Montana, Idaho and British Columbia. Tho following members of the Ben evolent society were elected to serve as directors during tho ensuing year Messrs. R. H. Ward, Edward Jamle- osn, E. C. Miller, W. W. Euper, H. Slatter and William Pilling. LABOR IS UNITED Representative Meeting of Delegates from Industrial and Political Organizations A NOMINATING OONVENTION Protecting Civic Workers Suggestions for preserving the lives of civic night workers on Vancouver streets wero discussed by the civic board of workB, in connection with the recent killing of C. H. Sholl by a motorist. The city engineer was asked to bring In recommendations con-* ducive to a better safeguarding of these workers. Murderer of Worker Again Sentenced to Dentil Chong Sam Bow, sentenced to death for tho.second time in tho Vancouver courts for the murder of John Clayton Jones, a member of the local Electricians' unton, is once again confined in the death cell at Okalla, awaiting execution July 18. Notification has been received that Arthur Ellis, official executioner, will come to the coast on this date—the third occasion on which he has come to Vancouver to hang this Chinaman. Formation of a British Columbia Section of the Canadian Labor Party AT last it would seem that the various forces oV the labor movement are making an earliest attempt to coordinate their efforts for the purposes of presenting a united front In the political arena, On Tuesday evening last n most representative meeting of delegates from thc various Industrial unions and lubor politicnl bodies, was held ln tho Trades and Labor Council's hall, Holden building. The meeting was unanimous in It's aproval of the Idea of the formation of a provincial section of tho Canadian labor party In British Columbia. Thc constitution of the Ontario soction wai. adopted as* a provisional constitution for this section until next meeting which Is to bo hold on May 31st. Tho following provisional officers were chosen to cany on the further organization of the movement: president, W. H. Cottrell; vice-president H. Neelands; aeoretary, S. Hunt; trustees, MesrH. Sorley, Dunn and Floyd. At an early date after the noxt meeting, which Is to bo held on Mny 31st, a nomlimilng convention will be called for the purpose of endorsing candidates whoso mimes will be sub mitted from tho various affiliated bodies. "nriD! Barnard AVI11 Not Run We understand that Comrade Tom Barnard of Nanalmo has definitely decided not to enter the political arena In that city, thus leaving the field free for Comrade Pritchard. It has been stated that tho control of our forest reserves might be in more dangor from tho Hands of tho Provincial Party than from forest fires. Many Seek Jobs Twenty-four applications from persons seeking to operate the city's new comfort stations, will bo dealt with by the city council on Monday night. Do not wnste your time on social quostions. What Is the matter with the poor Is poverty. What Is tho mntter with the rich Is idleness.—O. Bernard Shaw. Be sure to notify the post ofllce as soon as you change your address, Ladies Who Felt Pinch of War Ordered to Put Down Their Banners On the occasion of the unveiling of the Cenotaph Sunday last, it was stated that "reds" started a riot. We do not know what the scribe meant by tho "reds." We are of the opinion that it was not the color of their hair or the clothes they wore. As a matter of fact, we doubt if the writer saw the riot at all—they rarely see any riots. The,facts are these: Three or four ladles who had felt the pinch of the war; who had had husbands and sons over there fighting for liberty and freedom; who felt that social conditions which were to have been so much bettered as the result of the war, whefh wns fought to make this world "fit for heroes to live in" were actually worse than before, made bold to hold up a banner on which was a quotation from Bobble Burns, a poet revered by so many of all classes of society. It read as folows: Ye hypocrites; are these your pranks, To murder men and give God thanks, Desist or shame; proceed no further, God won't accent your thanks for murder. On another banner was the following, by Ralph Chaplin: Mourn not thc dead that in the cool earth He Dust unto dust— The calm sweet earth that mothers all who die— As nil men must. But rather mourn the apathetic throng— The cowed, tho meek— Who Bee the world's grent anguish nnd its wrong And dare not speak. While holding up such banners thoy were approached by one who represented herself to be of the I.O.D.E, She demanded thnt theso women who had lw>re the brunt of tho war should tnke down theso banners. Whon her request was refused this cultured lady could think of no argument other than that of force nnd off for a policeman she went. A policeman advised thom that they might start a riot and mnde them removo tho banners. If ratepayers, as these women wore, and victims of that horrible war'as woll, British citizens can start a riot during peace times by simply holding up such banners In silent protest agninst the wrongs that they hnd nnd are yet suffering, Is it to be wondered nt, that the great masses can so easily be swung into line when lhe war spirit prevails over our "land of the free." One woman, who wns advised on this occasion that she would return to Russia, retorted that sho wns a Canadian citizen and thnt she felt that there was a duty which devolved upon her to clean up the unfortunate moss that here existed bofore she would think of giving any of her energy to Russia. MS OF HISTORYIPRICE OF SALMON Likewise Late Oreat War Aroie from Oroup Prejudice and Sentiment FROM MANY VIEW POINTS Delegates to London Conference A Wlnnipog pross despatch says thnt J, S. Woodsworth, M. I\ for Winnipeg Centre; H. W. Ouppy and C. Brown hnve boen elected to represent Manitoba labor organizations nt the British Commonwealth Labor conferonco at London, commencing August 18th. Municipal Milk I'latK Jamestown, N. Y., taxpayers havi authorized the Installation of a municipal milk plant nnd snn I tnry distribution system. Real education Is not ns simple as putting your mouth under n running tap.—A. Wyatt Tllby. Dean Coleman's Addreu Upon "International Prejudice and Education" ' N THB COURSE of an interesting address upon "International Prejudice and Education," given recently under the auspices of the Vancouver branch of tne League of Nat lens, at the Board of Trade auditorium, Dean Coleman analyzed the causes that lead to war, and gave it as his opinion that the wars of history and the late great war arose not so much from mankind's tendency to acquisitiveness and pugnacity, but from group prejudice and a sentiment compounded from many instincts, heredity, the experiences of childhood and unconscious education. International prejudice draws its nourishment from many sources, said the dean, one of which is fear, and just as mankind Is afraid of nature, and certain animals, so too he dislikes strangers and their language which he does not know; their clothes, their features and maybe their color which Is different from his own; while in what he takes to be their self-assertion, he sees a challenge to himself. In most writings with regard to the causes of war there seems to be a tendency to regard human nature as altogether too simple an affair, while the "man,In the street" of the economist was practically a myth. -No doubt the acquisitive Instinct and the desire for economic domination, whether by aggressive measures or by tariff wars, was a strong motive, bul It over-simplified the situation and jumped to conclusions, which were not in accord with modern psychology. It wns also contended that war nrose from the Inherent pugnacity ln man, and that lt waB a wholesome outlet for complexes sublimated and repressed, but ln his opinion to consider war as a normal state of affairs was Irreligious, immoral and fantastic. The problem of international understanding or misunderstanding is present In the schoolroom today; it 1b necessary to abate there a tendency toward international prejudice, to curb disparaging remarks and sentiments toward the foreign-born, and to show the truth that lurks behind much that Is repented by hearsay. We must recognize our thinking and learn to be at home in this larger society now existing, and to eliminate all thai Is disparaging and offensive, and practice true courtesy to the foreign-born as due to them ns fellow cilzens. Modern educuton was considered more In the light of the development of sentiments and ideas than the mere absorbtlon of facts from text books. From the -point of view of psychologists, human nature Is not very Intellectual, and Is often likened to an Iceberg, of which about seven-eighths Is beneath the surface, and lt is thnt which does not show which Is tho most Importnnt, nnd which requires to be developed by proper Influences nnd environment. The Dean wont on to mention tho names of Leonardo Da Vlncl, Michael Angelo, Dante and Marconi, and suggested that If those nnmes and all thnt thoy stood for convoyed tho Idea of Italy, [t was unlikely thot the word "dago" would survive vory long In reference to Italians. Similarly, familiarity with the writings of Confucius and Lao Tho raises the human regnrd for China nnd Its people. Tho spenker then referred to the section of the League of Nations known ns the committee on Intellectual co-operation, which has recently sot up an International university information office nt Geneva, In which the U. B. C. Is interested, and Is thus kept in touch with other International students' organisations, In mcdln.vul times university netivity was very International, but ns time went by universities became national. Now, however, we nre in a now era once more, and In tho realms of high research, nations enme together at a high level on which love of humanity and love Of country do not como in conflict. In our schools, the Dean pointed out, exists nn embryonic social life and a nntional organ laat. on, nnd In them, nre built up the sentiments of peace, and of a war ngninst war. The schools are, in fact, miniature leagues of nations, as was seen whon referonco wns made to a certain school In Vancouver wherein 18 different nationalities nr? represented, while nt tho U. B. C. the cosmopolitan nature of the student*) is readily perceived, The League of Nations was lu his opinion nn educational agency, tench- Ing goodwill and International understanding) nnd though It was often criticized as being deficient In mnny respects, yet he felt that Its vory Incompleteness gave It greuler flexibility, and that in its nhlllty to adapt itself owing to its freedom from formulas and precept, lay its future success. Tlio success of the Ideals for which it stands, depends upon spiritual forces, and for Its existence it relies almost entirely on popular opinion and the sympathy and support arising therefrom. Misleading Vewt Despatch In- jures ud Prejudices Oause of White Fishermen OUTBAGEOUS PROPAGANDA In Favor of Parties Who Defraud Consumers by Charging Excessive Priees A VANCOUVER island subscriber sends The Federatlonist the following cutting from the Victoria Dally Colonist, dated March 14th. It refers to fishermen's remuneration for salmon, A spring salmon at the price quoted herewith, he says, works out for the fisherman at $12.75 each, and for sockeyes at $3.15 apiece. It vould appear that this propaganda ls for the avowed purpose of injuring the white fishermen and to prejudice his cause. The Federatlonist holds with the correspondent, "that to print such outrageous stuff ls for the purpose of misleading the public in favor of the parities who defraud consumers by charging such high prices for flsh." Following is the news, despatch referred to: New Westminster, March 13.—A 12- cent per pound decrease ln prices for sockeye salmon to be paid fishermen by the canneries for the coming season, has raised a storm of protests among the local fishermen. Quotations for -prices to be paid by the canneries for the 1924 season have Just been issued and a copy received by W. E. Maiden, secretary of the Fishermen's Protective association. Adverse market conditions Is the reason advanced by the canneries for the decrease in prices. The recent quotations show that while 45 cents per Hi. was the prevailing price In 1923 for sockeye, this year fishermen will receive 8-1 cento for using Independent gear and 22 % cento for cannery gear. Mr. Maiden states that in all probability a general meeting of fishermen and canneries will he called, to arrive at some amicable agreement regarding the prices. Prices quoted for red salmon averaging around 85 cents per lb., show no increase over last year. while the quotations for steelhead being 22 cents, as against 10 cen*.s, show 100 per cent, increase. Three and 4 cents are the prevailing prices per lb for chums, while last year's quotations were three and two. A slight increase in prices paid for pink salmon Is also noted in the recent quotations. Predicts II. C. Lubor Government Major "Dick" Burde, M, L. A., said recently: "We may have a labor government nfter the next election. If the liberals and conservatives come bnck about evcnlly divided our little group of lnbor members will have the say as to'which party shall hold office, nnd we'll be able to make 'em do about whatever we want." "Kill this Bystem, or it will k^lll you."—Provincial Party. B. C, Labor hns always said that, but we fear that if we allow our provincial friends into power, it will be a cnse.of Jumping from tbe frying pan Into the flre. Will Cnnndn Beat This Record? It would be Interesting to know how many persons nre employed collecting customs and taxes throughout, Canada, as well as the numbor it takes to make out the payrolls for said collectors. At Washington, D. C, snys an exchange, it lakes UO.OftO government clerks to keen the Huh- and payroll for the 80,000 "what-nots" who feed at the public trough there. Will Canada beal this record? MflSB Meeting ut New Westminster A meeting of workers will be held in New Westminster ou .Monday evening at 8 p.m. in Labor Temple, corner of Royal avenuo and .Seventh stroet, for the purpose of discussing tho provincial political situation, and also the advisability of nominating a lnhor ■andldate in coining elections. Oct your workmate to subscribe for The Federatlonist. II LOGIE NOMINATED Labor Candidate for South Okanagan—Active Campaign— "Summer School" lFrom Our Own Correspondent] West Siimmcrlanil, 11. Q„ April 30. —The convention called by .Suiitmci- tand local Federated Labor Party of British Columbia was bold in the Labor hull Monduy night and was attended by representatives of the movement from tho various dfstrlgtiLjMQgtr In the Valley. The political situatUm" wns discussed and the opinion expressed that the time was ripe for a forwnrd movement, .lack Logic wns nominated as labor candidate for the South Okanagan, and an active campaign will be begun at once. H, P. Salting was appointed campaign mannger for Nurnmata, Walter R Murscii for Pcnchland, Wm. Simpson'for Summerland, X. .1. Beer for West Summer- land and other districts will be orgnnized as soon as possible. A letter Just received from Roso Henderson states ihut she will ho on hnnd as director of ihe "summer school," August 24-31, nnd will nlso be available for the political campaign. She has spent some time hi Kurope, threo months in Russin and Is thoroughly posted on the International situation. We are extremely fortunate In having hor services tit thlB time nad no doubt arrangements will bo mnde for a tour through the province. PAGE TWO SIXTEENTH YEAR. No. 18 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER, B. C. Published every Friday by The British Columbia Federatlonist Buslneas and Editorial Offlce, 1129 Howg St. The polity of Tho B. 0. Fedorationist Is controlled by the editorial board ot the Fed' crated Labor Party of British Columbia. Subscription Kate: United States and Foreign, $.3.00 per yeu; Canada, $2,60 per year, $1.50 for six months; to Unions subscribing In a body, 16c per member per month, ________ . FRIDAY May 2, 1924 "LISTENING IN" ON SUNDAY evening last there waa broadcasted an interesting sermon under the above title. It was earnestly delivered by a man, we believe to be most sincere. We cannot help but point out. however, that before we arc. able to "lime in" with icy stullon, we must first have the proper "set" available; secondly, it must he in perfect working order; thirdly, lt must be operated by some one who definitely understands how to operate it; fourthly, outside Interference over which we have no control, may put us out of touch with it. We make bold to suggest that, so far ae our "getting ln tune" with Ood, or being able to "listen in" to Ood, the same considerations would apply. Flrat, we must hare a body and normal brain matter; second, it must be normally active; third, it must derive sufficient knowledge—whieh is positively reliable regarding such an all- important matter—from some trustworthy source, so that its operations may be properly directed; fourthly, it must be protected from such outside Interference as would interrupt or intercept Its messages to and fro. We further suggest that our system of society is such that millions are born into this world with bodies and minds dwarfed beyond all recognition and which can never hopo to function normally; that the knowledge which they are supposed to receive comes from so many, and from such varied sources that, even the average normal mind is honestly bewildered, and quite incapable of knowing just what course to pursue; lastly, the many mental pre-occupations that are present in our minds owing to our having to struggle for our very existenco and In a most inhumnn fashion, it would -seem, nre such as lo blot out the Influences of tho most ennobling impulses in this life. Capitalism, we feel, will have this to answer for. BEING PLAYER WITH PARLIAMENT itself is a machino of government, and it has been worked hitherto hy one section of the community. Labor has voted, but it has not run the machine. Whatever the change in the electorate may have heen, the "governing classes" have remained pretty much the same. They have kept their eyes upon the majorities in the past, just as they are doing today ln our own province. Nothing Is more evident to any student of political affairs than that the three capitalist 'parties are doing no small amount of manoeuvring to gain a position of vantage over their opponents in the political Held in British Columbia today. In the past, these majorities were moved by no definite idea and sought no definite goal. They lived from hand to mouth. They could— and for that matter, can yet—be stirred into a passion over things that are trivial. They are, It would seem, easily deceived. They are fond of dram atie show, and are very credulous. To the politicians In thc recent past, the danger that thoy might be confronted with, were the manses to really think things out, did not perturb them in the slightest degree. The ability o* the desire to reflect Intelligently upon statements so as to come to independent conclusions, did not exist. Tho masses accepted both statements ana conclusions ready-made for them, and did not seem to be able to reason as to whether the one and tho other hung together or did not. The governing classes have striven to keep things so. They have succeeded, up to tho present most perfectly. But lt is hoped that we arc on thp threshold of a new.era, lu the political lire or our country. Uopresslon, rather than freedom has been the watchword In the past. This must bo reversed. Given freedom and opportunity for free and serious discussion, reason and Justice will prevail In political life ob elsewhore. It ts the duty pf Lnbor" to soe that they do, committed, and though she may be very sweet and all that, we sigh, "Pool little devils." Things look somewhat hopeful when 38 students of a Northwestern university, who fought for their beloved country and its capitalists, dare to denounce war. Of course, the university bigwigs had a mass meeting to re-instill patriotism and discuss the advisability of "throwing the pacifists into the sewers along with other refuse." O glorious freedom, splendid tolerance. We should hate to live ln a country less free than America, where even the universities and schools nre in the hands of the capitalists. The peace and freedom of the world and of ages to come, He in the hands of men like those 33 bold pacifists; and we, therefore, humbly hope that they will not meet yet awhile the fate discussed, ADVANCED VIEWS In Defence of New Education- Radical Changes Proposed in Subjects Taught Labor and the Poets Relation of Employers to Employees Ex-service men are still humbly lie seeching the mastor class for jobs. This Is ln tho hind which they havo made by their sacrifices and murder and misery, flt for heroes to live In We admit it requires heroes to live in Canada, and any other capitalist country. In the "help wanted" column of a lending newspaper, we notice an nd- vertUwm»nL tn tho effect that a family requires a governess for four children In return for which she will receive the delightful advantages of il home nnd fino scenery. The advertiser may be In straitened elrcuinstances, so we blame the system that cnn lay such little stress on tho value and Importance of four young lives. Teaching Is an art, and it Is a terrible responsibility, tho enormity of which few people realize. We wonder to what sort of unqualified person those four children with their various possibilities, will he ALFRED TENNYSON [By Frances Wills] T»ENNYSON lived In an age seemingly quiet, but in reality seething with unseen warfare, the struggle between right and wrong, freedom and oppression, light and darkness, and though the poet's life is calm and uneventful on the surface, he hore his part and bore it well. He grappled with the everlasting facts of humanity and he feels a war sympathy with "men, my brothers, men the workers." He thunders in scorn and wrath against the social tyrannies that crush the souls of men and the social lies that warp us in the living tomb. These were not apparent to him at flrst, of course, and his earlier poems are joyous and care-free. Among these are, "The Lady of Shalott," a most ■ beautiful piece of work, and with which many people are familiar. The coloring is like that of Keats5 poems—for example: All in the blue, unclouded weather, Thick jewell'd shone the saddle leather, The helmet and the helmet feather, Burn'd like one burning flame together As ho rode down to Camelot. As often through the purple night Below the starry clusters bright, Some bearded meteor, trailing light, Moves over still Shalott. "CEi.one" is another beautiful poem and interesting to anyone who has. read the old myths of Greece, who loves "The Tale of Troy Divine" and the heroes and the beauty of Mount Ida. "The Palace of Art," "The Lotus Eaters," "The Miner's Daughter," and "A Dream of Fair Women," are among these earlier poems. Like Keats, he met with some cruel criticism, and for ten years preserved an almost complete silence as far as tlie public knew. Then he emerged with. two volumes of poems and almost immediately was recognized as a great poet. Some of the earlier poems were altered, for Tennyson was keenly critical of his work. For instance, he made additions to the "Palace of Art," for the years have made him feel differently, and think more deeply. The moral of the poem, though Tennyson never set out to give us morals, is that the soul must lenrn wisdom, must learn that the human race is one, that none can really rise by treading on his rellow men, that true art is not tho slave of luxury but the servant of humanity. The songs of Tennyson are amongst his greatest work. Such are "Tho Sea," "The Brook," "The Splendor Falls on Castle Walls," "Tears, Idle Tears," "The Swallow," "Come Into the Garden, Maud," But perhaps Tennyson's most splendid work ts "The Idylls of the King," a group of poems on which he' was engaged for more than half a century, and which centre round the legends of King Arthur and the Holy Grail. Whether such a king as Arthur really lived, or whether the source of the story was among the misty mountains of Wale1! or among the custles of Brit tany, It Is impossible to say, but this we know, that In the twelfth century tho name of King Arthur had come to sand for an Idoal of wisdom, chivalry and virtue in England, France and Germany. Tennyson has woven from the mysterious romances of knights, magicians, monks and chivalry, the wonderful "Arthurian tapestry," and which is an allegory of the conflict between sense and soul, between true faith and superstition. And Arthur's character is that of the almost perfect mortal. The human soul seems to crave Idoats, something to worship or admire, something to Imitate, We see this all through thc ages In the history of evolution. We see it In the story or the Buddha, Mahomet, Brahma, Christ and the saints, and many others. Apart from this fact, "The Idylls of the King" hnve a wonderful dramatic power; the Coming of Arthur, the story of Gulneve, the Itound Table and tho last great conflict are cleverly Interwoven. In the "Passing of Arthur," we have the picture of a great battle, the shattering of the order, the departure of the king, Only Bedlvere remains, and Arthur has given him words or hope, perhaps the truest lines Tennyson ever wrote, and which we should never forget: The old order chnngcth, yielding place to new; And God fulfils himself iu many ways, Lest one good custom should corrupt tho world, For "God," wo might read the word "Evolution," or whatever Is in accord with our own Individual ideas.) As the years pass, Tennyson gains a larger outlook on lire; he sees the "feud of rich and poor," the party strife, the want, the cure, the fuithless coldness of the times, the false pride IGNORED BY THE MAJORITY False Patriotism Leads to War— "Miracle School "-—Regarding Bible in Schools [By Frances Wills] T AST WEEK I gave an outline o_ some of the principles underlying the new education, of which the chief are free development, self-government and a radical change ln the subjects taught. Of course, these Ideas are not accepted by the majority as yet, and I have met parents an.d teachers who thought exponents of the new system are "talking through their hats." I recollect one teacher who considered the teaching of evolution a sin. Of course, to this type of person one can only reply by an amiable grin, knowing that argument ls wasted, that one might as well "save one's breath to cool one's porridge. Unfortunately I got into an argument about the teaching of history the other night. I never Intended to get into arguments, but somehow I can't help it. I was told that history should be taught as lt is now, that is, to dwell particularly on the history of one's own country, and that from the capitalist and imperialist viewpoint. I' was bombarded with good reasons by my opponent. He was a pig-headed conservative in all matters of education. But they missed flre; I was cocksure that I was right. History, I said, should be taught In story form, and should be tackled as an International study, thus eliminating the old Ideas about one's own country being always the best, always in the riglit, always standing for freedom and justico to the oppressed; thus eliminating that false patriotism which leads to war, or rather which fools the workors into murdering each other at tho capitalists' behests. International history will give the child history In its true proportions; it will help him to see the special good !n all nations; li will help him to realize that humanity Is "much of a muchness" all over the world as literature and religion show. Gradually the spectacle of man or woman blinded by "patriotic" pride and narrow nationalist prejudice will be comparatively rare; instead of being regarded as an inspired being, he or she will be regarded as a curious specimen of Imbecility, fortunately harmless by that time. I don't know whether I won ln the scrap or .not. In a recent issue of the Nation, I noticed with great glee, an account of tho "Miracle School," as lt is called, in Mexloo City. The school was started by a courageous man In the worst quarters of the city, "a haven for cutthroats and bandits," where no ona had ever thought of a school or taxes, or carting away refuse. The citizens were supposed to be beyond redemption or the wish for it. The school was started ln an old beer garden destroyed by a revolution. The school work was haphazard—of the sort that the exponents of formal education most decry. The teacher said, "Let us make a school." They did. Every child .did what he Could or would. They sat down when they were tired, and worked when they felt like It. All the children In the district heard of it and many came to share in it, because it was a happy one. The old building was re-ralsed; even the streets were swept, and until then they hiid never seen a broom since creation. As for the children themselves, they did not forget their own appearances. i of of He ■THE above subject was the theme of an address, by W. C. Shelly of Vancouver, before the Rotary district conference at Spokane recently. The report in the press stnted: "It was generally conceded, one of the most important speeches of the convention." As we were not fortunate enough to hear any of the speeches, we are not ln a position to judge of their relative merits, but we wish in a general way to point out that regardless of how beautiful the sentiments stated in speech might be, it Is a speech only, and not the hard everyday facts of "business, as carried on for profit." Mr. Shelly Is reported to have said: "Perhaps the most important element in our business ls the human element —our employees." The motive behind any business venture Is to get more out of the business than what Is put into lt, and no matter how elaborate and costly the machinery of any Industrial organization may be, It will not produce a profit for its owners, . lt takes the "human element" to do that. They have done that all through the ages, whether the mechanical equip- In place and blood, the civic slander and the spite; he sees "old shapes foul disease," the narrowing lust gold, tho thousand wars of old. .._ sees the enslnvement of many women, he sees the social wants that sin against tho strength of youth, he hoars "the heavens filled with shouting and a rain of ghastly dew from tho nations' ally navies grappling In tho central blue." And science moves, but moves slowly, But he Is not unduly pessimistic. Of the same poriod Carlyle wrote: "Industrial existence seems fast becoming onc hugo poison- swamp of reeking pestilence, physical and moral; n living Golgotha of souls and bodies burled alive." Many contemporaries would deny all those charges; to thom can be Imputed conscious or unconscious blindness. As Klzpah says, so might we: "Ah—you, that have lived so soft, what should you know of tho night, the blast and the burning shame and the bitter frost and thc fright?" Tennyson, like Milton, was a koen patriot, but he had international Ideas. His faith ln his country, however, wos greater than she deserved. One wonders what his real feelings wore, for Instance, when he wrote tho oft-quoted "Charge of the Light Brigade." Did his poetic art cast a glamor over thc horrors of war or did he realize with his powerful Imagination what war meant to those six hundred men who rode Into tho mouth of hell, into the Jaws of death: Theirs not to mnke roply, Theirs not to renson why, Tholrs but to do and die. That Is all that Is required ot the wago-slave when war arises; to murder, to malm fellow wage-slaves nor seek to know why. Liko us, Tennyson has hopes of what we oan attain by our efforts, when the war-drum shall throb no longor, nnd tho battlo flags shall be furled ln the parliament of man, tho foderation of tho world, whon the kindly oarth shall slumber In unlver sat law. The children washed themselves (a habit unknown among their elders), they prepared breakfast, they had a grand clean-up. and then they did school work. The young gardeners sbld the produce they raised; therefore arithmetic must be mastered. They must be able to read and write similarly, because they wanted and needed to read and write.' The drifter concludes: "Energy like theirs can hardly fail to achieve Its desires, partly through Its own fierce efforts and partly through the enthusiasm It kindles ln others, even in' hardened old educators." , . * I was very, very sorry to see that teachers wish to have the billle read in school. So I feel these are my views. The Federatlonist may not feel as I do. These ure my reasons: While I acknowledge that as literature, the biblo ls splendid (in some parts), and that Its English is perfect, I know that lt cannot be taught as literature. Stories from the bible cnn be told to the children, but will these stories be* the right ones? Will the committee appointed ehqoso stories as such? (In one of the otherwise most backward rural counties In* England, the bishop and a committee have chosen a very good syllabus, even from the bible, but they have eliminated all stories that will give the children incorrect and poor moral ideas, such as the story of the creation, tho story of Jacob, and the fierce bloodthirsty old testament war yarns.) The bible, I contend, will not be read as literature but as religion. I revel In tho myths of Greece and Rome ond the old Norse saga, etc., but I know and the children know that they are ln the same category as fairy tales; they know that the gods with their semi-mortal characteristics, fickleness, solfishnoss, often cruelty, are to be decried, and not regarded as Jehovah, or a God whom they are to worship. Further, a conscientious teacher who believes ln the creed of some religious denomination must necessarily introduce her idoas into the story. Her mind runs that way naturally; her conscience dictates that course of action. She thinks she ls doing good. But if dogma and denomlnationallsm are to be introduced, all.sides of the question must be considered.. Children should not bo limited to ono side of the great controversies. I suppose the resolution will be adopted, but I feel cheerful about lt. For I am convinced that those parents who object to the bible being taught will do the obvious thing—withdraw their children from such instruction, ns they are permitted to do. I understand that the Lord's prayer Is also to be used in school. I will not discuss this,- save to ask parents and others to read lt through carefully, and consider each line. Then ask themselves lf it ts fit to be taught to children in its present form, except as a beautiful piece of English. FRIDAY May 2, 1924 ment was simple or complex, and very often without any ■ equipment other than that provided by nature. There is, therefore, no doubt as to the Import- ;nce of the employee in industry. But this fact stands out clearly that the workers In Industry have had to flght their employers at every turn In their efforts to have measures put into effect tbat would safeguard life and limb, and make conditions something like those human beings should be privileged to work under. Industrial history, is a sordid story of the toil, the sweat, the blood, the tears of men, women and children. Yes, even Infants in the shambles of industry, so that, even today In this "last great-west," Industry is carried on with a reckless disregard for the lives and comfort of those engnged in it. In this connection, we would draw attention to the number of men killed and Injured In the mining and lumbering industry of this provinoe. And this, in spite of the faot that sufflclent laws are on the statute books to make such accidents almost nil. Also tho loss of life on the Vancouver waterfront, especially since the breaking up of the longshoremen's organization. And these are only the most acute Incidents whloh, because of their nature are forcibly drawn to our attention. Speaking of business organization, Mr. Shelly said: "But are we not inclined to over-organization? I am also sure that the time 'is now ripe for the pendulum to swing back again to the individual and persona! contact, where man co-operates with man: baok to a position where we again take cognizance of tho human unit; back to the emotional side of man, instead of thinking only in terms of mechanical organization, pitted against mechanical organization, employer against employee, capital against labor." Oh, how beautiful! Back to the time when the field was tilled with a wooden spade; when the grain was harvested with the sickle, threshed with the flail;' ground into flour by hand and baked into bread in the open fireplace. Back to the days of hand production, when the apprentice worked nnd lived with the mastor- craftsman, ate at his table, married his daughter, became a partner in tho trade, or opened up a shop of his own. But before we can go back to Individual relationship with men, we must go buck to individual effort In production. But owners of businesses have no Intention of going back to In dividual effort. They will continue to further organize thcir business. They will strive to speed up production to eliminate competition, not for th. public good, but for their own profit and they will brook no interference from their employees If they have the power to prevent lt. If their own proflt should require that production should bo curtailed, lt shall be done regardless of how It may hurt either the public or their employees. It is, therefore, clear that because of the centralization of the means of production In the hands of a few powerful groups, and the natural Incentive of these groups to manipulate sueh power to their own ends, that Store Opens at 9 a.m. and Closes at 6 p.m. New Cotton Fabrics for Spring Dresses PRENOH crepe marocain, in shades of deer, pablo, 1 grey, mauve or blue; 38 inches wide—$1.50 a yd. Trellis crepe, a self-colored soft fabric, in shades of sand, groy, crabapple or fern; 38 inches wide-*-*?_..75 a yard. Blistered Crepe, a French crepe, in distinctive plaid design, in self colors in new (tints: 38 inches wide— $1.95. Melangee Brocade—This is a distinct French novelty in rich two-tone effects, adaptable for dresses or jac- quettcs of artificial silk arid cotton; 38 inehes wide— $2.85 a yard. . —Drysdale's Wash Goods Shop, First Floor 675 OranviUe Street Pbone Seymonr 3640 society shall be compelled in self defense to take control of these means of life and'operate them for the common good. That will be socialism. But, we submit that such a state of affairs will demand a much higher moral code, a vastly greater intelligence than the present cut-throat system of exploitation and hypocrisy has been able to bring Into being. W& have just received some samples of Outing Shoes, with leather and rubber soles, for men, women and children. The values arc exceptional: Men's Black outing Boots, rubber sole, 6 to II $1,70 Men's Tan Outing Boot, solid rubber sole and heel; 0 to II, at i2.es Genuine Red Fox Outing Shoes for Men, Boys and Children; $2.00, $1.7.-1 nnd $1.50. Men's All-wool Cashmere Socks, red heel and toe; 3 prs....$1.00 Men's Cotton Socks (black)..15c Boys' Heavy Rib Cotton Hose, 6 to 10; 3 pairs for $1.00 Arthur Frith ft Co. Men's and Boys' Furnishings Hats, Boots and Shoes 2313 MAD. STREET Brtmw 7th Ud 8th SYMUI8 Phone* Fairmont 14 ALL THE GOODNESS of the golden grain brewed into a sparkling tonic drink at B_C.'s model brewery. Ineiet on "Catcade" at the Government Liquor Store and get satisfaction. VANCOUVER BREWERIES UMITED This advertisement is not published or .dir played by the Liquor Control Board or by tr. Government of British Columbia. "Famous" Sells Wonderful Sample Garments THE inoBt beautiful collcctipn of New Capos, Suits, Crosses, etc., litis just nrrived — all manufacturprB' snmiilt'N, bought up. l*y us nt iilirnomeiinl diai-mints. rliPKe nro now on snip nt vory low pricpf, oimblirifr bin savings on tlie tilings you'ri. wnnt ing. Famous SS 623 BASTINGS STREET WEST THOSE inugic boots of old—tho scven- It'aguo boots—wero the work of au imnninativo mind. Who could over ox- poet to walk Beven leagues In a ainglB step! The story of tha -seven-league boots was written in the lays of long before thc present time with its grent possibilities. These dnys there Is no need for such wonderful steppers. There is tho tele- Rhone. It is no effort now to talk a Mildred times seven leagues. The world is virtually at one's door. This age of wonderment is based, too, on imagination, but it Is imagination plus practical experiment and great dovelopment, B. 0. TELEPHONE OOMPANT LTAVE you over had a real drink 11 of Puro Apple Older daring tbe last fen years? To meet the desires of many clients, we hava introduced reeently a pure clear sparkling apple elder in pint bottles, either van sweet or govornment regulation _% hard apple elder. Theie drinks are absolutely pure and free from all carbonic acid gas or preservatives of any nature. Write or phone yoor order today, Highland 00. VAN BROS. LTD. Older Manufacturers 1966 Commercial Drln, Vancanver, B. 0. Bird, Macdonald & Co. RABETBTRBfl, 80UOITOB8. BIO. 401-408 Metropolitan Building 857 Hastings St. W. VANOOBVBE. B. 0. Telephones; Seyoor 8868 and 888T Rlnf np Phone Beymour ISM for appointment' Dr. W. J. Curry DENTIST Suit* 801 Dominion Building VANCOUVER, B. C. FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST liao <_io-d_ stmt Snnday Krvlooi, 11 >.m. and 7:80 p.m. Sunday ichool Immediately following ■""■Iw "Jtlee. Wedneiday testimonial KSS'b!,..!,./"" """■" •—•. B. P. Bar-lion MOUNT PLEASANT UNDERTAKING 00., LTD. AMBULANCE SERVICE SSJ KW-SWAT VAKOOUVES, B,#. PtM. lUmiOM II Mainland Cigar Store S10 OARKAI__ STREET THE PLAOE FOR PIPES WHEN IN TOWN STOP AT The Oliver Rooms 48 •_ CORDOVA STREET EAST Everything Modern Rates Reasonable ' EMPIRE CAFE AND GRILL "A Oood Plaoe to Eat" HASTINGS AND COLUMBIA BANKING SERVICE ^>1**>>******>>>>>>>**.>>********BH,,HMi^HHnaM THE UNION BANK OF CANADA, with its chain .*■ of branches across Canada, and its foreign connections, offers complete facilities for taking care of the banking requirements of its customers, both at home and abroad. Established SO Tears NEW BOOK By BERNARD McEVOY "Diogenei" of the Vancouver Daily Provinoe' VERSES FOR MY FRIENDS i A SPLENDID PRESENT. AT ALL BOOKSTORES Priee, Oloth $1.50; Paper, fl.00 (•RIDAT !*.: May 2, 1924 SIXTEENTH T.BAR. No. 18 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER. B. c. PAGE THREE The highest type of Crown and Bridgework Now Costs Little • MOST moderate is the price of this work now, whilst quality J "■ remains high as before, Many years of study and practice in this branch, and keeping .pace with modern methods, give perfect utility with skilful performance. My methods are safe and thorough. Necessary extractions are made by most approved pain-eliminating methods. OaU for my estimate on this work—given without any obligation to you. Dr. Brett Anderson Formerly Member of the Faculty of the College of Dentistry, University of Southern California; lecturer on Crown and Bridgework; demonstrator on Flatework and Operative Dentistry, Local and Oeneral Anaesthesia. 602 Hastings Street West Phone Sey. 3331 Hours: ft to 6. Open Wednesday afternoons. Efeningi by appointment Expression Plates My perfeoted plate product —admired by all." The cost Is quite low— let me tell you COFFEE 'In the Flavor Sealing Tin" Best $2.50 GLASSES ON EARTH. Glauses not prescribed unless absolutely necessary. Eliminations made by graduate Eyesight Specialists. Satisfaction guaranteed. Wo grind onr own leases. Leuui duplicated by mail. PITMAN Optical House (Formerly Brown Optical Home) Be sure of the address—Abore Woolworth's Store, near Granville. Suite 36, Davia Chambers, OIS HASTINGS STEEET WEST Phone Sey. 1071 -_ _._ A Union Ifl What You Make It : Some men imagine that a union L.omes out of the sky, and that lt is /nade to order. This is a fallacy |vhich only active participation In Union affairs can destroy. Why not we an active member, instead of a pnocker. ■ Vancouver Unions fiLLIED PRINTING TBADES COUNCIL— J HeeU second Monday in tho month. Preildent, J. R. White; aeoretary, R. H. Noel- Ma. P. 0. Box 66. (The opinions and ideas expressed by correspondents ire not necessarily endorsed by The Federatlonist, and no responsibility for the views expressed Ib accepted by the management.] Savo the Forests * Editor B. C. Federationist: I have been asked to say a word or two for "Save the Forests" week. While I had thought that I had already used up every* word in the English and French tongues in my efforts to awaken the Canadian conscience to the necessity of protecting our forests and while I regard everyone of the fifty-two weeks in tlie year as a-"Save the Forests" week instead of a single one, I feel constrained to comply with the request made upon me at this particular time. My "Save the Forests" message is this: If the Canadian government is really sincere in its "Save the "Forests" week, let them themselves set the example and Initiate the campaign by taking the only action possible whereby thirty-five million mature trees, now being annually destroyed, can be saved without expending a.dollar of the people's money. I refer, of course, to the trees that are now being slaughtered and sent out of the country to-enrich a foreign nation and to provide competition for a Canadian Industry. The govern ment can do this by simply passing an order-in-councll prohibiting the exportation of unmanufactured pulpwood, which lt has already been empowered to do by parliament. The prime minister is personally convinced of its desirability since he himself gave a pledge that such an order should be passed, irrespective of the actions of the so-called "royal com mission on pulpwood," although, for some unaccountable reason, he thus far failed to implement his promise. Until this action hns been taken and the sincerity of the Ottawa authorities established, the Canadian people may be pardoned for regarding such efforts as the present one, emanating from that source, as mere camouflage to conceal the real issue. Begin saving the forests by. putting an end to the annual destruction of thirty-five million trees now beini shipped out of this" country to the United States. FRANK J. D. BARNJUM. Montreal, April 24, 1924. |EDERATED LABOR PARTY, Room 111— i 810 Pender St. Wost—Business mootings Wedneaday erenlay. A. Maolntna, [•airman; E. H. Morrison, aoc-treas.; Goo. ^J . Harrison, 1182 Parker Street, Vancouver, WWW'.. C, corresponding secretary. H;Auy district In British Columbia desiring ^K (formation re securing speakers or tlio for* iaBB'atloa of local branches, kindly eommnnicato th Provincial Secretary J. Lyle Telford, 4 Birks Bldg., Vancouver, B. C. Telf* one Seymonr 1888, or Falnnont 4988. f-AKERY SALESMEN, LOCAL 871—Meet! 1. second Thursday every month lu Holden 'ulldlng. President, J. Brlghtwelt; financial fcretary, H. A, Bowron, 020—llth Avenue £.TERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF r Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Help* i« of America, Local 194—Meetinga Irst lid third Mondays in each month In Holden iiilding. President, P. Willis; secretary, A. leaser. Offloe houn, 0 to 11 a.m. and 8 to 5 XICKLAYERS AND MASONS—ir yon need bricklayers or masons for boiler worka, Ua., or marble setters, phone Brlcklayen1 iplon, 811 Holden Building. KVIC EMPLOYERS DNION—Meets first Vend third Fridays In eaeh month, at 445 Tchards Street. Preaident, David Cuthlll, J58 Albert atreet; secretary-treasurer, Geo. jrrison, 1183 Parker Street. {IJgINEERS — INTERNATIONAL UNION lof Steam and Operating, Local 862— pets every Wednesday at 8 p.m., Room L6 Holden Bldg. President, Charles Price; iplness agent and flaanelal secretary, F. L. fint; recording seoretary, J. T. Venn. Pf FIREFIGHTERS DNION NO. 18— president, Nell MaoDonald, No, 1 FirehaU cretary, 0. A, Watson. No. 8 FirehaU, D8ICIAN8 MUTUAL PROTECTIVE UNION, Local 146, A. F. of M.—Meets at iosb Ball, Homer Street; second Sanday, t. W a.m. President, Eraest C. Miller. 091 J.lson Street; secretary, Edward Jamleson, ISi Nelson Street; financial aeeretary, W. E, lllllams, 991 Nelson Street; organiser, F. ■let'eher, 991 Nelipn Street. Il-DERATED SEAFARERB' UNION OF B. i. 0.—Meoting nights, first Tuesday and 3rd Iriday of each month at headquarters, 818 Kirdova Btreet Weat. President, D. GiUes- fce; vice-president, John Johnson; secretary- Vaasurer, Wm. Donaldson, address 818 Cor Itva Street West. Branoh agent's address: [<ttorge Faulkner, 578 Johnaon Street, Vic- Uria, B. 0. ir REET AND ELECTRIO RAILWAY EM- I ployees, Pioneer Division, No, 101—Meets . P. Hall, Eighth and Kingsway, 1st and d Mondays at 10:16 a.m. and 7 p.m. Preient, F. A. Hoover, 9409 Olarke Drive; Wording secretary, F. E. Grlffln, 447—8th >e. East; treasurer. A* F. Andrew; flnan- \l secretary and business agent, W. H. Cot- ill, 166—17th Ave. W. Offlce, oorner Prior Main Streeta. Phono Fairmont 4604Y __ VANCOUVER THEATRICAL FEDER* frrroN-Meots at 091 Helna *r"M* " u on the Tuesday preceding the 1st Sun- of the month. President. E. A. Jamie- 99t Nelsoa St.; Secretary, 0. H. Wilms, 991 Nelson St j Business Agent, r. Etcher, 991 Nelson Bt. POGRAPHIOAL UNION, No. 228—SSil* asent, R. P. Pettlplece: vice-president. J. ■ I Bryan; decretory-treasuror, R. H, Nee- lids, P. 0, Box 66. Meets last Sunday of U;h month at 2 p.m. In Holden Building, 16 Eatings Street East. TJllNOE RUPERT'_ TYPOORAPHIOAL -President, S. D. Mac- Knald, secretary-treasurer, 3. M. Campbell, " 0: Box 689, Meeta last Thursday of eaeh ■ UNION. No. 413- Summer Conference to Be Held at London, Eng., Commencing August 18 The British Commonwealth Labor conference—the first of its kind—will be held at London, Eng., in the week beginning Monday, August 18, 1924. Premier J. Ramsay Macdonald, M. P., will preside at the opening session. It is hoped that the conference wilrbe attended by representatives from the following countries; Australia—Labor party and trade unions. N Canada—Trades and Labor Congress of Canada and the Canadian labor party. India—Trade unions. Ireland—Irish labor pai'ty and Trade Union congress. Newfoundland—Fishermen's Protective union. Now Zealand—Labor party and alliance of labor. 'Rhodesia—Labor party. British Guiana—Labor union. South Africa—Labor party, Cape Federation of Trades and labor unions,: and the Associated Trade unions In the Transvaal. The provisional agenda of the subjects for discussion include: The relations of the parties and trade unions within the British commonwealth to one another; inter-commonwealth relations, political and economic; the maintenance of world peace; migration; racial questions, and Industrial conditions and legislation. The International Federation of Trade unionB and the Labor and socialist international will each be invited to send fraternal delegates, Send In Your Bundle Ordors JJbw Prices for The B; C. Federationist ordered in bundles: Fifty fer |2, 100 for 13.60, 500 for $10. Mailed to any address. Anti-War Day, 1924 THIRD SUNDAY IN SEPTEMBER ARTICLE III. [By Charles Hlll-Tdut, F. R. S. C, F. R. A. Ii, Etc.] (All Rights Reserved) TN the last article, we considered the Doctrine of Organic Evolution, on the ground of Its possibility and found there was not only nothing antecedently impossible about lt, -but that when considered In the light of that fundamental principle of biology, the law of variation, it became not only a possible process In Nature, but an Inevitable one. In this article we will consider the question of the nature of life and Its origin on this globe and learn, as far as we may, under what conditions It flrst manifested Itself here; aiid what evidence of the truth of our doctrine may be gathered from this angle of the Inquiry. What, then, ls thts phenomenon, this something we call life? What do we positively know about it after all our modern studies of tt and our Investigations into Its processes? What have we learned concerning Us essential nature and origin? If we are frank and sincere, we shall have to admit that we knot, practicably nothing about either ita essential nature or Its source and origin. Up to this time, it has transcended the powers of science to discover its secret, and most of Its mysteries still evade our closest scrutiny. It ls true we have learned much about its manifestations, its laws and its processes; but of its essential nature or Its source we know no more today than we did fifty or a hundred years ago. We know a good deal about the chemical elements which constitute the material basis of life. We can even build up and put together synthetically in our laboratories that elemental substance, 01; material substratum of life we call "protoplasm but we cannot give it lifo and what life is itself and how and whence it came remain still Impenetrable secrets for science. Wo cannot bridge the chasm we find between non-living and living matter. It is true that there are those who think we are on the brink of achieving this; but others of equal authority in biological science disagree with this view and think it quite unlikely that science will ever be able to close the gap and reveal to us the secret of life. However, much speculation has been indulged ln on the subject, and scientific men hold various opinions upon lt. Of these there are three views or concepts that stand out from the rest; and it will be well for us to consider them shortly in this article in order that we may get a clear understanding of just what men of science think and hold upon this subject, remembering always, of course, that the well-established facts of science themselves are one thing, and the speculations of scientific men quite another; a fact sometimes lost sight of in the heat of discussion. The two older of these views are not at all modern concepts. They are ideas which in some form or other were probably as familiar to the old Greek philosophers as to ourselves; but in our day, with our more exact knowledge of nature and its processes, they have taken on distinctly modern aspects. These two views are commonly known ns the Mechanistic and the Vltalistic concepts of life. The third seems to be quite n modern idea, recently enunciated and advocated by H. F. Osborn, an eminent American palaeontologist, in his "Orgln and Evolution of Life," and Is called "The Energy concept of life," or may otherwise be described as the theory of the action, reaction and interaction of Energy in relation to life. As volumes have been written about these theories of Ufe, especially of the two older ones, lt is clear we can do no more here than briefly outline their chief features and point out their radical differences. The Mechanistic view, then, in its modern form, regards life, as lta name implies, as the result of the operations of blind, unintelligent forces; and holds that living matter arose slowly and gradually out of, and in consequence of, the increasing complexity of non-living chemical compounds. The Mechanist believes that in the evolution of iriatter a stage was at length reached when it ceased to be inorganic or non-living and boenmo organic or living. It should be stated that these chemical compounds, from which life is thus supposed to have sprung, form the most highly-organized and the most complex of inorganic substances; and are known to us as-"colloids." This colloidal matter is a diffusable Jelly-like substance closely resembling in appearance that basal living mattor we call "protoplasm," the growth and evolution of which produces all known organic forms. But close as is the chemical character and likeness of the two forms, of matter, an unbridgable gulf appears to divide them. One is'still nonliving, inorganic matter, the other is living and organic; and Is able to manifest, under proper conditions, those phenomena we group together and express under the term "Life," while tho other is not. Associated with this physico-chemical view of life was the famous "Spontaneous Generation" theory, otherwiso known as the doctrine of "Ablo- geneslH," Which signifies the sudden appearance of life where bofore no life wub! over which so many heated discussions wero waged ln the last century. Abiogcnesis, or spontaneous generation, wns then supposed to prevail not only among the lower organism, which were thought to come into being In this way, but also quite extensively among the relatively higher fform of life. But increasing know-| ledge of life-processes has made this view now wholly untenable, and most' biologists of the mechanistic school of thought today hold some form of the concept outlined above with Abioge- nesis discarded. There le, however, a certain active school of biologists, represented by the late Jacque Loeb and his followers, who, while obliged to admit that we have no scientific evidence of the appearance of life by spontaneous generation since It flrst manifested Itself on this globe in the dawn of terrestrial history, still believe ln Abiogene- sls; and think that life may one day be made to manifest Itself anew and appear spontaneously in lifeless matter. But up to the present, notwithstanding the wonderful experiments this school of research has carried on— among which Is the artificial activation or Impregnation of eggs in various ways without the ubo of the male element—and the high hopes enter talned by Loeb and his co-workers, lt has to be admitted that not a particle of scientific proof yet exists that life and living substance can arise ln this manner from lifeless, chemical compounds. The physico-chemical or mechanistic concept of life, therefore, remains still a concept and nothing more. To some minds immersed in the problems of physics and chemistry, such a theory may seem reasonable and highly probable,, but to others It ls quite the reverse. The other and perhaps more general view, held by the Vitalists, Is that there Ib a vital principle" or force distinct from both Chemical and physical forces; that life is a thing apart from the substance through which it manifests itself and is an order of entity quite different from any other in lhe universe. That at some time in the past history of our globe an external and unknown force, called the life-force, invaded non-living matter, when it had reached the highly-evolved form seen in the colloids, and endowed lt with what we term life. Bcrgson, the noted French biological philosopher, his"" expressed this view rather happily in his well-known phrase: "Life is consciousness launched into matter." For him and many others, life and consciousness are one and the snme thing. And, Indeed, each seems to bear the same kind of] relationship to, and has a similar reaction, with matter. Life is seen to need matte** In and through which to manifest itself in just the same way as mind needs the nervous Bystem and the material brain for its manifestations. In this way life and consciousness have much in common and might conceivably be regarded as two phases of one and'the same principle or entity. All living things, even the lowliest of organisms, exhibit some form of incipient consciousness. They are seen to manifest an awareness of the difference in their environment and to respond in various ways to different stimuli or conditions. Briefly expressed, and disregarding the several forms or aspects under which it is held by different thinkers, this is the so-called Vltalistic view of life. The essential distinction between these two current views, is thus seen to be not only a difference of opinion in respect of life itself but also in reapect of its source or origin. The mechanistic view holds that life, like consciousness, Is merely a function of matter when In certain conditions; and cannot exist apart from matter; is, indeed, the result and outcome of its evolution from the simple to the compound state. Thc mechanist holds and believes that when matter had reached the collodtal and protein state —which ls the stage of the material basis or substatum of living forma life suddenly and spontaneously appeared. And they frankly admit they are looking foward to a fortuitous moment when this same principle of spontaneous generation of life will manifest Itself beforc their eyes In their laboratory experiments. We cannot say such a thing is impossible whatever we think, This word has no longer any place In scientific phraseology. If we find ourselves un able to hold the mechanistic view of life, because It will not jibe with our philosophy, all we can say at the present time is that such a momentous event does not seem to us nt all probable. But even were such a stupendous thing to take place, it would not carry us very far. The question of the source and nature of that life would remain Just na much In the dark as at preaent. Its mystery would be none the less. To say life n rises by spontaneous generation is only to give the process a name; we do not explain lta appearance by so doing, and so are no farther ahead than before. It is Just on a par with the Me chnnlat*s statement concerning the relation existing betwoen constioua- neas and the brain. Consciousness, according to him, Is merely a "function" of tho brain-cells, because "mind," like "life," needs a material substratum by and through which to manifest itself. But It is readily seen that to call mind or consciousness a "function" of the brain, or life a "function" of matter, Is not to inform us ln any way of the nature of cithor phenome non, but only to shift the problem farther back. It in no way solves it. It is surprising how prone we nre to bofog and befool ouraelves and others by tho use of vague, empty phrnsoa, The term "function" used In this senao Is one of thoae phrases. It ia aa abstract and unsubstantial na the term "consciousness" or "lifo" itself, which It la aecklng to explain We cannot explain one abstraction by another; the unknown can be explained only in terms of the known and to attempt to explain "life" by calling it a "function" of matter Is to explain nothing. It is only to camouflage our Ignorance. We have, moreover, seen that "matter" in its ultimate analysis, is as little definable as life itself; and when we have traced it back to that primeval source of substance and energy—the Ether of Space—we are no better off than before;, we have still to seek a source and origin for the Ether. It Ib clear, then, that' the chemtco- mechanical explanation of life cannot give us a satisfactory anBwer to our question: What la life and whence did it come? So let us be sincere and admit it. It seems better, then, in the present state of our knowledge to regard life as something apart from, and subsequent to matter as far as Its manifestation on this globe is concerned; This is not to say that matter Is "older" than life. There is nothing in the Btatement to hinder us from regarding them both as coeval, aa they probably are. We need not think of one as existing before the other. But inasmuch as we are unable to apprehend life except in and through matter; and as lifeless, inorganic matter seems to have been evolved before living and organic matter, we are driven by the logic of the case to think of matter-as preceding life. It Is in this sense, then, we may say matter appeared before life; and eo] regarding it we have no alternative but to think of it aB a force or power' apart from and external to matter, whtch at some time in the history of the changes and evolution of our globe, captured and invaded matter; and by this invasion, this union and Interaction with it, imparted to certain forms of it, ae they became sufficiently organized and adapted to receive them, qualities and characteristics they had not manifested before, and which cease to be manifested whenever this mysterious union ia In any way interrupted or broken. It will not be necessary to consider Osborn's Energy concept of life in detail, because though it differs in form and treatment, it is in essence only another modified form of the Mechanistic view. Instead of looking at matter and form as Ihey appear to us under the evolutionary process, we are invited to look at this process from the point of view of causality; in other words, to consider the part terrestrial energies have played In tho production of life-forms. I It differs from the common physico- | chemical concept of life mainly in the stress which Is placed upon the causal aspects of organic evolution, and in the pointing out of the part energy, by ita action, reactiqn and interaction, haa played in the drama of life, ln the upbuilding, moulding and shaping of living forms. But life "and living things are with him, as with the mechanist, merely the result and outcome of physical and chemical forcea; and he holds with Loeb and his followers that Science need not despair of bridging the chasm existing at the preaent between organic and inorganic matter, and of determining once and for all whether life is solely physico-chemical In ita nature or whether it includes, as the Vitalists hold, an energy or'element which makes of life something distinct and apart from all other forces. To which of these speculative views on the nature and source of life a man will be drawn depends largely upon hla intellectual training and hia philosophy. The majority of men will flnd their philosophical objections too strong to accept in full the current mechanistic view. Thia becomes evident, we think, from the fact that time and again bio- loglsta who began their life-work with strong mechanistic leanings have been led by a deeper insight Into the evolutionary processes to abandon these earlier views and adopt some form of the Vltalistic concept, because they flnd themselves unable to reconcile 'the Mechanistic doctrine of a blind, unconscious force with the evidence they discover in the evolutionary process of directive plan and final purpoae. They feel the need of some principle other than blind force to explain the steady, continuous progress of characters, In definitely directed lines, so plainly evidenced In thc fossilized life-forms of past ages. A notable example of this change of mind la seen in the life of the eminent German scholar, Drlcsch. Beginning his career as an out-and-out Mechanist, he has been led by the difficulties of reconciling tho facts of evolution with the physico-chemical concept of life, to adopt a more philosophic view; nnd ho now postulates what he terms an "entelochy," that is a kind of Inner urging and directing force, which for him lies behind, and Is the cause of, that purposive, directive growth and evolution he perceives in the world of life. Tt was tho same dissatisfaction with the Mechanistic concept of life, which led Bcrgson to formulnte his famoua "Creative evolution" Idea; and von Nogoll his mystical principle of progressive development, and Elmer his directive, determining force. And even among those biologists who are loath to admit an external forco or agency such ns tho thorough-going Vltallst postulates, a vory general tendency manifests Itself to believo In some kind of definitely directing influence which* cannot be found In thc Mechanistic doctrine of life. We cannot pursue our consideration of thla deeply-Interesting aubject further In this article; but enough has been said, we think, lo give a fair idea of what our loading biologists hold and think wilh regard io the life principle and its manifestations on thla globe; and nothing has como to light In the course of our exposition which militates in the ainalloat degree against tho Doctrine of Organic Evolution, On the' contrary, what little we have been able to gtoan of the You Can Buy a Hoover Now The New H@8VER ITtUTI... hUScmm etUCImat -WITH- $4.50 Cash IHE BALANCE you can pay in monthly installments of $6.25. This offer is good for this month only. Every housekeeper can use a Hoover to advantage—it saves time and labor—because it beats as it sweeps as it cleans. Three features at one time—something no other vacuum sweeper can do. These are housecleaning days—let us show on one of the rugs in your home the wonderful help a Hoover can be to you. $4.50 cash puts it in the home and $6.25 monthly quickly pays the balance. Demonstration Booth, Main Moor. tthjBttrt INCOtt VANCOUVER, B. 0, nature and source of life, whether looked at from the point of view of Mechanism or Vitalism, is wholly in harmony with thia doctrine. In the next article we will briefly consider the problem of life and its presence here from the point of view of a possible origin and source external to our globe, and then we shall be ready to take up our examination of the evidence which Science has gathered from her study of the life forms themselves in support of the principle of Organic Evolution, <To be continued) men and liberal supply of campers- Have cattlemen drive cattle to campground and Bait. Have campers dog cattlo away from salt and water. Mix with personal opinions and serve separately with Irish temper to forest of* fleers. Flre Prevention Pie—Take a nle* shady camp; a nice cold spring, a happy family, a camp flre permit, a careful smoker, and mix with common sense, season with respect for , others, nnd serve them, boy, wlta every klndnesB 'possible. emu mm After U. S. Forest Service -Designed and Arranged for Fire Wardens Flre Pudding—Take a liberal slice of our timber-covered mountains, sprinkle liberally with auto campers (be sure and get as many careless ones aa possible), garnish well with tailor-made cigarettes aud bake and brown with unextinguished camp* fires. ■"* Hot Cakes—Take a hunter out of season, an angler without a license, and a camper without a flre permit. Put in one game warden and one forest ranger and stir until well mixed. Place in the Justico court. Remove the officers and season the balance with judicial advice and bake in the county jail for 30 days. Angel Food Cuke—Tako one dozen careful campers, one dozen law-abiding hunters, and one dozen licensed anglers, place in nice shady camp, where ail cans and refuse have been buried, mix with one ranger, sprinkle with interesting songs, stories nnd Jokes, and serve during summer evenings. Hot Buns—Get a nice plump city dude who has Just thrown a cigarette butt Into dry brush, cover with arrest, shake off all excuses, get a commitment (Judges' brand preferred), and let boil 90 days in tho county jail. If very tough, boil for a longer period. Perfection Pio—Tako two cattle- Why Let George Do It If you do not- attend your union meetings and the other fellow does, why kirk. He Is doing the best he can. Why complain because Oeorge does it. Why not do It yourself? NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS EJCHMOND DISTBIOT SEWBBS— UNIVERSITY OF BBITISH CO* LUMIBA AND POINT OBEY LANDS SEALED TENDERS endorsed "Tender for construction of sewers at the University of British Columbia nnd Point Orey lands" will be received by the Honourable the Min- 1st it of Public Works up to noon on Monday, the 12(h day of Mny, 1924, for the construe* tion of Kimitary nnd storm water sewers tt the site of the University of Hritish Columbia, nnd on a portion of the Point Groy lands Adjacent to the University Dite, as net forth in the schedule of quantities. Plans, specifications, contract and form of tender may be seen At tho Derailment of Public Works, Parliament buildings, Vlctoris, nnd at the Public Works Office, Court House, Vancouver. Copies of plans nnd npecirtcatlona moy be obtained from the Department en payment of n deposit of $20.00, which will be refunded on return of the plans, etc., in good condl* tion, Kucli tender must be accompanied by an accepted bank cheque on a chartered bank of Canada, made payable to the Honourable tho .Minister of Public Works fnr tho stun nf Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) which shall bo forfeited if the party tendering dt-ellncti to enter ,'tito contrac' when called upon to do so. The cheque of the successful tenderer will bc retained ns security for the due and faithful performance of the work until the satisfactory completion of the contract. Tenders will not be conscldered unless made out un the form supplied, signed with thc actual signature of tho tenderer and en* closed In the envelope furnished. The lowest or any tender not necessarily accepted. P. PHILIP, Public Works Knglnccr. Department of Public Works, Parliament Buildings, Victoria, Ii. C, April 28th, 1024. Fresh Cut Flowers, Funeral Designs. Wedding Bouquets, Put Plants, Ornamental and Shade Trees, Seeds, Bulbs, Florfets' Sundries Brown Brothers & Co. Ltd. PLOIIISIIS AND XIRSEIIYMKN 48 Haatinga Street Eaat 8—STORES—2 655 Oranvllle Street Bey. om-Ott "SAY IT WITH FliOWKItS" Key. S..I3-I3III IT CAN'T BE BEAT WHAT? BRITANNIA BEER NOTE ITS RICH, MALTY FLAVOR On Sale nt All Government Stores PAGE FOUR sixteenth YEAB. No. is BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST vancou*™. ac. FRIDAY. May 2, Ifl Labor at Ottawa «««*** , ****** lu England, Why Not In Canada? [By J. «. Woodsworth, Labor M. P.] A GREAT variety of communica- tlons and publications come to my desk, and from some of these lt would Beom as if there ls a drawing uneasifi6ffl_T3n the part of the business group, leBt labor should successfully challenge its control. A recent resolution from the associated boards of trade of eastern British Columbia petitions the leaders of all three parties to demand elimination of all unnecessary expenditures. Among the various "whereases" there are the following: "Whereas—Practically every industry recognizes that an eight-hour day is the minimum which can be afforded at present, and that employees ■will do more efficient work when kept fully occuplped; "Whereas—The knowledge of these conditions (i.e., working conditions In the civil service) is bound to have a serious offect on futuro industrial life throughout the dominion, and will give strength to such organizations as the O.B.U. and I.W.W. and like revolutionary bodies." Similar concern ls^expressed in the latest report of the Montreal council of social agencies, which urgos tbat greater attention should be given to the solution to our insistent social problems before they "shall have become acute, so demoralizing in their effect on the so-called labor classes, so productive of class feeling and antagonism, as to produce either such an overthrow of the existing form of government as has taken, place In European countries, gives, or such a class development in party politics as gave birth and strength to the labor party now In power In the mother country. It Is only to be expected that people in this country who have not given much thought to social questions, will ridicule this statement and pass It off with the assertion that Canada is not a European country, 01 oven Great Britain, but any thoughtful person who has been watching the trend of the relations between the employed and the employing classes In other countries on the whole, must realize that it is only a matter of time before the struggle for power will be less one-sided than It is today. Russian Trade Delegation, From the labor viewpoint probably the most Interesting event recently has been the visit of the trade delegation of the union of Soviet Republics. For a long time labor has been keenly Interested in the experiment of a working-class government in Russia. The press of this country and lhe people generally have denounced and misrepresented the entire situation, and from the beginning, prophesied its early overthrow, lt is decidedly Interesting, to say the least, that now accredited representatives of soviot Russia should be received by prominent representatives of ' our financial and Industrial organizations and later by thc govern ment of Canada. From this time on ward, the term "bolshevik* 'will per haps cease to be the worst sobriquet that may be thrown a-^an enemy. In the National gallery here at Ottawa is a horrible picture entitled "The Bolshevik." In the background Is a red flag on which are printed certain Russian characters. The caricature of a man In a frenzy, foaming at the mouth and hurling destruction at all and sundry, ls presented to our horrified gaze. Surely now that our Canadian business men are cultivating friendship with Russia, it might be time that such pictures were removed alike from our public galleries and from the galleries of our memories. Tho delegates were by no means the uncompromising type of, proletarians. They were attired In conventional morning coats and silk hats and exhibited a formal etiquette not William Tell Had Nothing On This Kid By WINNER frequently met with in this new country, even in official circles. A rather funny incident occurred on their flrat arrival at. Ottawa. Their coming had been somewhat delayed. A government official rang me up on the phone to find out if I could tell him where they could be found. Just why a labor member of the house should be exepected to produce a bolshevik on demand, was not apparent. However, as the delegates were later escorted to the gallery reserved for distinguished strangers, I presume there is now no disgrace In harboring a bolshevik. In connection with the recognition of soviet Russia, complicated constitutional questions may arise. My in quiry as to the standing of delegates was evaded by the acting prlqje minister, who, however, stated that Canada was anxious to do business with Russia. I note that the conservative Montreal Gazette states that Russia has been recognized. If this is so, interesting developments may follow. According to the preliminary treaty between Great Britain and Russia, it would seem as if each country'agrees to forego hostile propaganda. What then about--antl-boIshevlk propaganda in Canada? On March 17th, at the Canadian club in Toronto, Boris Bakhmeteff, the Russian ambassador to the United States under the Ker- which he exhibited hostility to the ensky regime, delivered an address in soviet form of government. We presume that our officials will now move for his deportation. * • • One of the speeches recently recalled the rather clever saying often repeated, "Lies are of three classes, plain lies, damn lies and statistics." Where at Ottnwa we meet with all three kinds, but 'most frequently with statistics. Speeches and reports are full of them. .Almost any case can be bolstered yp by an array of figures. It is well for the workers to question closely the Bources from whence these come, and also as to whether they fairly represent the entire situation. Recently the extract from a speech by Mr. Leon Ladner, conservative M. P. for South4Vancouver, published in The Federatlonist, contained some very interesting statements with regard to the power of a few banking Institutions In Canada. They are of special significance coming from such source. Suggestions by Leading Economist—How to Recover from War WILL DIE BY THE MILLIONS EVERY BEAVER OAN HELP Every reader of The Federatlonist can render valuable assistance by renewing their subscriptions aa Boon as they are due, and by Inducing another worker to subscribe. It does not take much effort to do this. Try it. Hand The Federatlonist to your shopmate, when you are through with It. OTOVES AND RANGES, both malleableand steel, ° McClary's, Fawcett's, Canada's Pride, installed free by experts; satisfaction guaranteed. Cash or $2,00 per week. Canada Pride Range Company Ltd. 346 Hastings Street East Sey. 2399 ft+++***++*mm**+*++m+*+*+*+++u Ask for \ "OLD ENGLISH" Pale Ale A foil-bodied, fine flavored Ale Unt will compare in quality with 07 of the ffemoua imported idea, and at moch tees cost to the At pD Gommuail Vcndoa Tfcfc rtnrtlinn«nt it net pofatished or displayed by tbe mmiXtfmttfr Control Botrd or by tbe Government of Britiih CohrmWt France and Germany Oannot Fay Debts—Ultimately This Means Repudiation TV7E always seem to be harping on war. It is, in fact, one of our weaknesses, if you like, but the fact is, we have not yet recovered from the last war and the next already murmurs in the distance. And once It comes we know that aU our talk \v be as good as wasted, for the war- fever will be in the air, and the tide of excitement and adventure will carry away thousands of otherwise rational human beings who only in peace time can see war lh its true colors with its horrible train of murder, famine, disease and misery. So now, while there is apparent peace, while our passions are cool, while yet we are In our right senses; now is the time to talk of war, else soon it will be too late. J. F. Sinclair, who has just came back from a tour of Europe urges the necessity of breaking down the tariff walls all over the world; of reducing armaments; of declaring a moratorium for 15 yenrs in the colossal war debts; of lending to Europe much of the reserve gold'held by the United States, and of the extension by the States and by Englnnd of credit to nations affected by the war, In Times of Peace. So much for the difficulties created by the war. But in times of peace, when the seeds of war are sown, Mr. Sinclair says: There are two testB that every nation can apply to itself. First, it must pay its way within the nation; it must not spend more than it takes in taxes. Secondly, no nation must buy outside more than it sells outside. But these two tests were smashed by the war, and the industrial machine was wrecked; business slowed down and a lower standard of living ensued. To apply these tests to France: During no year since the war had France been able to pay her wny. Last year she spent forty-five billions and took in twenty-two billions. She endeavored to adjust this by the sale of bonds nt six and a quarter per cent. She owes sixty-eight billons in bonds, and her total wealth is less than sixty billions. She actually owes In bonds more than she owns nnd that Is counting the frnnc at par. whereas it is not at par and probably never will be. Sootier or later this means repudiation. With regard to the second or international test, Mr. Sfnclnir stated^that before the wai" she bought outside two hundred millions of francs more than she sold. This adverse balance was covered by invisible credit, that is, interest coming in from large loans made to other nations; but war could wipe this out. During the war singe France bought outside twelve millions more than she sold, and with regard to the Invisible credit, thfs could not be higher than two billions. The loans to Russia and Southeastern Europe were gone; the tourist traffic which counted so high disappeared, so France had to obtain loans from America. Suppose the great financial houses of America held tiAjM notes for about 150 millions; to turn this back into cash, the banks are circular' Ized with the result that the loan li over-subscribed. • In 1917. just bofore the United Stntes entered the war, there were In the banks of that country 1500 million dollars in paper representing war obllgotlons or foreign countries. The total capital of the States was 3000 million dollars anfl so one-half of the capital was stock In the form of these foreign obligations. New notes would be given Inter and the Inevitable re- W. WILSON i Loggers and Surveyors BOOTS Made to Order Onr Specialty Repairing Neatly Done 28 WATER STREET VANCOUVER, B. 0. Phone, Seymour KM O JUK AN suit of all this has to be borne by succeeding generations. Tlie Xcxt War. If there Is another war, the speaker > declared, the expenses must be paid Immediately, 100 cents In the dollar, as the war progresses. Paper money, however good, does not constitute payment, but merely manipulations. This menus thnt resources and wealth i"«st Ik* conscripted. Mr. Sinclair then applied the two tests to Germany. During the war period she had spent 100 millions more than she had raised by taxes. For every dollar spent she had raised only 12 cents. The public debt of Germany had risen Trom about one billion to 24^ billions. This had resulted in a debased currency, and the mark had steadily deteriorated. In 1923, for every dollar she had spent, only 5 cents had been raised in taxes. By the second test, Germany had also failed.' Before the war she fiad bought outside 340 millions more than she had sold. Her invisibles amounted to about 500 millions, but these van ished. During the war she had bought 2%, billions more outside than she had sold. She paid for this by selling bonds to Germans all over the world. During the three years following the war, she had bought outside 2V_ millions more than she had sold. She paid by selling marks. Now Germany has no credit either within or outside. Where will she get credit? She cannot get credit. As an Inevitable result, factories are closed down and business is at a standstill. Unemployment is rife; one out of every two men is out of work. There is an alarming shortage of food and the people are dying by thousands. Before it Is all over they wll die by millions. All these,, hugo figures thnt have been quoted represent the blond «r millions, the lives of men. As-far as Germany is concerned, the industrial machine is wrecked; the reparations commission has taken fro*m Germany 75 per eent. of her coal and proportionately of every other resource and In addition has handed her a little bill of 32 million dollars. The situation in Europe is not more encouraging. There are 10 more nations thnn before the war which means thnt there are ten more families on the streets. Expenses are much higher and the standard of living Is lower. Only two nations are making the two tests mentioned previously; these are England and Finland, and the case of England is doubtful, for at tax-paying time the people borrowed millions from the banks. However, England's case is harder than that of Finland, for the latter has natural resources while English wealth ls purely industrial. The speaker advanced five courses of action which he considered were necessary to solve the problems. Abolish Tnrlff Walls. Firstly, tariff walls all ovet the world must be broken down. Fifty per cent, now and 5 per cent, per annum for the next ten years. Secondly, all nations, creditors and debtors must be gathered at the round table and must cut down arms and arsenals, 50 per cent, at once and a further percentage until thoy reach the vanishing point. Thirdly, a moratorium must bo declared all over the world in the matter of the payment of war debts. ,Slx hundred million dollars a month Is altogether an Imposible sum to be paying in interest charges on these. Fourthly, credit must be extended by the United States and England to other nations; for Europe cannot live as peasants. By these means the industrial machine might be rebuilt. Hilt, war Is our biggest problem today both In Canada nnd the UuJtcd Stntes. We must resolutely set our faces against It. We must insist Individually and collectively thatwe will break off negotiations with any nntion until those who have to flght have the opportunity or voting ns to war or no wnr. We must not allow the manufac ture or sale of munitions nnvwherc In the world or to anyone. It Is fer vontly to be hoped thnt United States ships and s*uns-wlll never again be used In the support of private enterprise. Kill this war business in which there has been so much trnffic and so much intrigue that even the bank ers themsolves- have so often been fooled. STATE MEDICINE Women's Institute Favors Urging Its Great Necessity for Legislation ' HEALTH INSURANCE HELP There are ten women to every one man supporting: every decent inuso today.— H. B. L. Sheppard. MUSICIANS' UNION LABEL Many People Deprived of Medical Attention Owing to Inability to Pay AT the recent provincinl convontion of the Women's Institute of B. C., a resolution was passed by an overwhelming majority In favor of urging upon the provincial government the necessity of bringing into force some form of state medicine or of a state health insurance scheme. It was pointed out that many people today were deprived of the proper medical attention, owing to thefr inability to meet the expense entailed, under our present system, in securing such attention and, as a result, had to bear a lot of needless suffering. It was shown that the very rich were quite able to provide themselves with the best that medical science had to offer and pay for such service. The destitute were In a position where society was willing to take them in charge and provide them with hospital service, and, so far as medical services have been concerned, it has been the custom of medical men to give of their services freely under such conditions, The medical staff of the General.and St. Paul's hospitals are men, chosen from their profession, who give of their services gratis at these hospitals to all Indigent patients, a fact that Is not known by a largo number of the public. It was shown that various forms of health insurance were to bo found ln many of the European countries, while in America there were to be found the Workmen's Compensation boards. Lodges and the various benevolent societies present todny, was an effort on the part of a portion of the public to lighten the burden that sickness and accident might Impose upon them. The Trades and Labor congress, which met in Vancouver last year, passed a resolution urging the adoption of some form of state health insurance. The activities of the B. C. Medical association wore referred to in thla regard. If was stated that this body had been endeavoring to devise some plan that would be satisfactory to the public and the profession and, although the profession was not at one on the idea of adopting nny form of state medicine', -nevertheless It was felt that something would result from the efforts that they were making. The basis upon which they were working were briefly as follofcs: The public to havo free choice of doctors and hospitals, the doctors to be paid only for services rendered, and that a small tax be levied on a per capita basis, to meet the expense entailed. The freedom of choice of doctors would remove the great objection on the part of the public, to t^e mriny proposals and schemes that have been and are now In operation. For the doctors to be paid on a per capita basis, whether they did nny work or not, was not considered Just, nor was it considered conducive to the most efficient -practice of medicine In'any form. The one objection - that would undoubtedly be raised by the public would be the apparent increase In tax* ation that they would have to meet. This, it was shown, would tend to be decreased rather thaa increased, since there was belntf met, out of the gen eral revenue of the province today, the burden Imposed upon the taxpayers ns the result of the payments made to all hospitals at the present time to assist in covering their operating expenses, and at the same time meet their deft- cits, as they exist. All this would be eliminated, preventive medicine would be encouraged, and the public at large would be assured of the best that medical science had to offer them, without over-burdening them at a time when they could lenst afford such a burden as is Imposed upon them today when they are stricken. Taxation LEND YOUR PATRONAGE TO THE MUSICIANS* LABEL. NOTIOB NOTICE Ib hereby given that under the Provisions of Section (490) of the Crlmi- nl Code of Canada it is unlawful for any Manufacturer, Dealer, Trader, Bottler, Junk Dealer or Junk Pedlar to buy, soil, deal or raffio In any bottlea bearing the Trade Mark or name of the following Companies, vis.: Vancouver Brewories Limited. Victoria Fhoonlx Brewing Co. Limited. Silver Spring Brewing Co. Limited. Rainier Brewing Company Limited. Westminster Brewery Limited, without the written consent of the said com- anles, and that any person or Company who commits % breach of this Section of the Criminal Code will be prosecuted. > Dated at Vancouver, B. C, this 4th day of April, 1924. W. P. BROUGHAM, Solicitor for the above named Companies, in consequence would be little, if at all, increased, and even then on'y for a short time. Ultimately it would result in reduction of taxation. The superfluities of the rich i the necessaries of the poor, Tl who possesB superfluities possess ' goods] of others.—St. Augustine. THE CHOICE OF THE UNIONS CATTO'S VERY OLD- HIGHLAND WHISKY THOROUGHLY MATURED—ONE OP THE MOST POPULAR BRANDS AT THB GOVERNMENT STORES OOLD LABEL 15-YEAR-OLD Ask for OATTO'S. Far sale at all Government Liquor Stores Dili advertisement li not published or displayed _j tbo Idiuor Control Board or by tbe Government of Bntlih Columbia THIS STAMP ON BOOTS AND SHOES SIGNIFIES: vWORKERS UNION/ UNIOI^TAMP [actory That tlie principle of the Collective Bargain is operative and no strikes or lookouts are permitted. That the manufacturers and employees are settling their disputes through mutual adjustment or arbitration without losses from oessation of work. That industry and workmanship are benefited by uninterrupted production leading to highest quality. That goods will be delivered on time so that dealers and wearers may be assured of seasonable footwear in season. A system of handling labor problems that has been in operation more than twenty-flve years and has created growing respect between employers and employees. Manufacturers and workmen producing shoes bearing' the above Stamp deserve the support of all wage earners and their friends of industrial peace. Shoe retailers are requested to oarry full lines of shoes bearing the Stamp, and all friends of fair and equitable labor relations are requested to purohase i List of makers of shoes bearing the Stamp furnished on request, Boot & Shoe Workers Union 246 Summer Street, Boston, Mass. COLLIS LOVELY, General President CHARLES L. BAKE, Oeneral Secretary-Treasurer BritishEnpm Exhibition London England -April October ish Flan Your Trip Early Every Assistance Offered Reservations and Passports Secured TOURIST AND TRAVEL BUREAU ill (ininrillr Sired
Publisher changes in chronological order: Vancouver Trades and Labour Council (1912) ; The B.C. Federationist, Ltd. (1912-1915) ; The B.C. Federationist, Limited (1915-1922) ; The B.C. Federationist (1922-1923) ; The British Columbia Federationist (1923-1925).
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British Columbia Federationist
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