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BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST ndustrial unity: sTRENGTiiKw* Official Organ Vancouver Trades and Labor Council (International) ***** political mr™-. victory > -____—?.% FIFTEENTH YEAR. No. 40 k FOUR PAGES VANCOUVER, B. C, FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 5,1923 $2.60 PER YEAR ebating Sooiety Formed—Worker! Party Will Start Winter Course of Studies ^VANTAGES OF DAY LABOB top-wed Barbers Aot—Building Trades Adopt T. and L, Council Working Card IHE REGULAR bi-monthly meeting of the Vancouver Trades id Labor council was held ln the hall, 19 Pender street west, on Tuesday .ening. Harry Neelands, M.L.A., resident, occupied the chair. Percy Bengough, secretary, filled his Dsltion as usual. There was a fair Ltendance of delegates. Mayor C. E. isdall wrote that* by the use of day ibor $43,290.75 waB saved on the 'olllngwood Valley storm aewer tark, now nearing completion. Delegate's credential accepted: rotherhood of Railway Carmen, No. -E. Povah, vice F. Delehay, reigned. From Vancouver Parliamentary De- ating Society, formed for purpose t (1) encouraging a knowledge of arliamentary procedure; (2) study f public affairs; (3) public speaking political questions. Will meet vice a month. Membership ls invlt- J. Haydn Young, C.A., honor- ry secretary, 622 Metropolitan build- ig. Received and flled. P. Floyd, secretary Educational ommittee Workers' party of Canada rote that a course of study of sub- ets vitally affecting the working in general will commence on hursday, Oct. llth In W. P. hall, ecommended delegates take notice. Advantages of Day Labor | Following letter from Mayor Tls- all in reference to day labor waB |ad and approved: Mayor's Ofllce, _ • VANOOUVER, Canada, October 1, 1928. ferey K. Bengough, Esq., aeeretary Vancou* ver Trades and Labor couneil. 615 Vender atreet weat, Vancouver, B. C t Dear Sir,—About nine months sgo, the kneouver and District's Joint Sewerage and l-alnage board called for tenders for certain ■bite works, known as the Colllngwood Val- fcr storm sewer, Sec. 10. Seven or eight ten* ■rs were received all from what are known ', reanonsible contractors, the lowest being ■fS^TlO -Oor rM*tiarv l** l« •****-*** lunate which was considered with the rest \ tbe tenders, his estimate: amounting to 167,670-08. We decided, upon hia recom- fendation, to do the work by day labor. he work is now almost cdmpleted; and, we Utmate, has cost us $128,047.45—repre- Ming a total saving of day labor over contact of $48,200.76. The motion to do the J&rk by day labor was mado by myself, and J was vory much crltised for such action. I In enclosing, herewith, full details of the utter ln the. shape of a report from our Tiglncor. As your honorable body Is uch interested in day labor versus contract, [thought you would like to hear of the relit. Faithfully yours, CHARLES E. TISDALL, Mayor. [Enclosure] [ancouver and Districts Joint Sewerage and Drainage Board. 111. Credit Foncier Building, ■ VANCOUVER, B.C., 1 September 20, 1028. wlUngwood Valley Storm Sewer, Section 10: ll have to report that this sewer was com- Bated on the 14th instant, and within a If weeks from thla date, the whole of the pk fill, and other incidental works of clean- I np and reinstating roads, etc., will be ■ished. For the Information of the board, ■briefly review; the facts relating to this Irk. Tenders were called for and yonr jjineor's sealed estimate was at the same Ee submitted, being subsequently adopted K day labor work was decided upon, Consid- |blo criticism was levelled at the board for i, but tht: following facts will show, that I decision then arrived at, was undoubt- ■y in the best interests of the taxpayers, ■ur engineer's estimate waa $157,076.03. le lowest of five t-meters received being 165,338.20. and the ...ghest $197,202. The LJtraet called for certain stipulated rates ■wages, period -A residence, married men lh families to have preference of employ ■nt, and with a twelve months' period for ■npletlon. These and all other conditions nthe, contract have been compiled with by \j bttrd. Work was started at the b«In* ■r ot the year, so that the work has been lie three months within ths time limit. Ie expenditure by tho board to date on the |k Is $125,547.48, and allowing tho lib* |I aum of say $2,500 for cleaning up, etc, kes a total coat of $128,047.46, being a ■ng on my estimate of practically $30,000. V the board lot tho work by contract, the lowing figures would, approximately, re- lent the position; ' :f ■ (tractor's lowest tender $165,8B8.20 1 for Inspector's wages, say.... 6,000.00 _ $171,338.20 ■ended by the board. 128,047.46 OANADi 4 CO-OPERATORS % Will Hold Ot. aw at Toronto on Oct*. .Jr 16-18 Tentative arrangements are being made for the holding of a Canadian Co-operative congress, either at Toronto or Brantford, Ont, on October 15 and 16, Instructions have been given by the executive of the Co-operative unton of Canada to extend to all genuine co-operative societies not associated with the organized Canadian movement a cordial Invitation to accredit representatives thereat to participate in the discussions and efforts at solution of problems common to all. Movement Deolared To Be Gaining Momentum Over the United States UNIONS IN BANK BUSINESS President of New York Institution Assert Plan Operates MUSHROOM development of the Federation Bank of New York, unique In that lt was founded by organized labor, Is capitalized with the funds of labor unions and their members and serves especially New York organized labor, was explained the other day by Peter J. Brady, president of the bank, who ls ln Portland for the American Federation of Labor convention. On May 19 of this year, the bank opened with capital and surplus of $500,000, and on Sept. 19 the total resources of the institution were over $250,000, Mr. Brady said. More thun 1C0 labor organizations now use the services of the bank, and it has already been accorded admission to the federal reslrve system and selected as a depository for the funds of the state of New York, the city of New York and the United States Postal savings. Shares and Dividends Limited Dividends of the Federation bank are limited to 10 per cent annually, according to Mr. Brady, and the stockholders of thc Institution are widespread, only 25 shares being allotted •ariy T»h»6n-ina -in share's 'to any IttdP vidual. Its board of directors consists of 11 representatives'of unions associated with the American Federation of Labor, and seven flnanclal experts, Mr. Brady explained. The bank boaBts that organized labor in New York, 700,000 strong, has mobilized Its economic and financial power ln this institution. The labor bank movement is gaining momentum over the country, Mr. Brady declared. There are now 12 such Institutions operating successfully In various parts of the country. The unions are going into the backing business, said the president of the Federation bank, In order that their funds might not settle Into the hands of the very Interests opposed to their demand for better working conditions. UNIONIZEJTEEL PUNTS Secretly Hannon Outlines Fro. pond Campaign—Pittsburg ,, Crucial Point I-saving to the board by day |ahor plin $ 48,200.75 to}, comparative purposes, I tm preparing • Itemised statement, showing, all extras L deductions on the estimate and lowest Der, which will show the amount in act* ■ cash the board would have paid out tu ■tractors, above what has been expended 1 lhe work. The results attained, I [rid like to point out, have been largely J to the hearty! co-ordination of the admin- [ation, engineering and works'departments Itfie board. ./Blgned.) " j? JAMBS SLATER, _*•'** Englnoer. Barbors' Aot jthe executive committee,' per sectary Bengough, recommended the Inclple of the proposed Barbers' l, which-Will be presented as a.prl- J^e bill tu the forthcoming session < legislature with a view. toMrt- K-fating'/tn British'. Columbia a jrBers' aJBfcb'clatlnn to which all prac- hhg barbers would- be obliged to long. JJelegate Herrett of the Journey- In Barbers' union, No. 120, explaln- the proposed Barbers' act of Itish Columbia, said 20 of the United Ites had passed similar legislation, lit was to be a private measure the |ber* would become responsible I its enforcement, and it would the people nothing. Premier |ver had: turned down previous at- npts to have a public act passed, le reason for such a law was to T-tect the public ngnin.it incompetent jrkmpn and unsanitary barber .-.hops. |e act Is being fostered by the Bar-. (Continued on page 4) Plans for carrying <jri indefinitely the campaign to organise the 360,000. workers in the steel industry, calling for the expenditure of at least $1,000,000 by the various international unions, were announced at Portland early in the w-eok by William Hannon, secretary of the executive council of national and international unions In the steel Industry. Supported by all of the labor unions in the country, afflliated to the American Federation of Labor, Mr. Hannon said that at leust 100 additional organizers will be sent Into the steel districts within the next few months, The campaign is to be continued until the "industry is on a real eight- hour basis;'und to that end that this Industry Is 100 per cont. organized." Pittsburgh ls considered the crlucul point thnt must' be captured if tho industry Is to ^.successfully unionized. "Less thant-.30.per cent, of the stee! workers HaW' been placed on the eight-hour basis," said Mr. Hannon; pointing out that about 40 per cent, of the workers were on the ten- hour shift, and 30 per cent, on-the 12-hour shift. "We are going to conduct a conservative and sane campaign," added Mt', Hannon. "We aro lighting for thef eight-hour day and better working* conditions. Through unionization alone will the workers be able toXobtuln and hold the oight-hour day. Why Let George Do It | If you do not attend your union meeting-! and the other fellow does, why, kick. He is doing tho best he can. Why complain because George does It. Why not do It yourself? j GET A NBW SUBSCRIBER The greatest assistance that lba readers of The FeriemUonist enn reader ns at this Ume, I* by securing a new sttbftcrtber. By doing so yos spread the news of the working claas movement and -•ii—"i- ^ EL Addresses Local Hotel and Bestaurant Employees on Union Ethics ORGANIZATION IN CANADA Started in U. S. and Canada with 700 Members—Reached 50,000 in Four Tears JERRE L. SULLIVAN, Cincinnati, Ohio, arrived in Vancouver on Monday, en route to the Portland convention of the American Federation of Labor. He is the general secretary-treasurer of the Hotel and Restaurant Employees International Alliance and Bartenders' International League of America, He is also editor of Mixer and Server, the official magazine of the foregoing organization. While ln the city, Mr. Sullivan addressed a special meeting held at headquarters in the afternoon by the local Hotel and Restaurant Employees association. He Is full of life and energy and is a fluent speaker. Having filled his present position for many years, he has gained a knowledge second to none of the restaurant and hotel business throughout the continent. Still More to Talk About "I believe I could stand before you for six solid hours, and during that time I would tell you a heap of things about our organization—and still there would be more to talk about," said the popular Jerre, commencing an hour's address, But his natural inclination was to find out what the other fellow thought about their as- sociuion. When he came to Canada, he did not parade the fact that he was one of the general officers. Mr. Sullivan accidently met a cook in an eastern city who said that there was no chance for him (Sullivan) to get a Job. Yes, they had a waiters' union, but no one paid much attention about it, continued the stranger. Tho members didn't like the idea of sending so much money out of Canada to keep it up. "Why," said Mr. Sullivan's Informant, "the 21,000 or 22,000 Canadian members paid thousands and thousands and thousands of dollar': In per capita tax to tho W*S|rM'^fl^4^W(WW*W^v»«ita, there wad « Ioca] in town, and the gang that controlled it were all frionds of Sullivan "Can't you fei- lo .8 get together and displace that mm Su11i\ ii-n..Yon don't flllow the book 6f laws," said the affable Jerre. The facts.'«.mm the strength- of the Canadian -locals and the per capita tax paid V'.v members as stated were ni nply exaggerations and misrep-' rc-entatldns- Conadlan Organization The per eapita was not fl, but 20 rents, out of which moneys, the Insurance of members was paid,, defense fund., provided for, general operating and organizer's expenses defrayed. The Canadian. organizer, Fred Landers, had been successful in establishing union's at London, Ottawa, Hamilton, St, Catherines, and other''smaller places. The 'international had spent a great deal more monety in organization and , other work m Canada than it received from that source. Now about the membership: Did you, individually speaking, ever bring In an applicant. If the records show not, I doubt whether you should be called a good, trade unionist. You must not expect one or two officers to get all tbe rpplicatfons, nnd that they can do asNmuch as say 200 members. .Through a strong membership they Were enabled H<> make more wages and work less\ours. Girls working in the east would' laugh at the money the officials of the un Inn now get.' .Generally speaking, not one among half a dozen memberB would approach a man—a stranger—who\was put to work with them, nnd nsk. him for his working curd, This was unfair to the business ugent who could not be expected to gather in all the members. There was a great necessity to organize small towns. This was quite apparant in time of a strike. The stronger the organization the morff effective It was. Employees in hotels and restaurants required skill. Your representative should be. able always to tell nn employer that a member Is as good if; not better than anyone else, when it comes to skill, citizenship and character—the trinity of the trade—that the unskilled and inexperienced cannot get by. Those In charge of dining rooms realize and appreciate this fact. ! »'■ Railway Dining Car Service Rcferrlng to the railway dining-car service, he said, almost everyone compliments the men ln it, although a large proportion of thom were blacks. The union Jiad not been successful in getting thtm organized. The blacks worked for smaller wages than the whites. He (Sullivan) had got an Increase of 25 percent, in wages for them through thfc railroad board, there were only about 200 blacks altogether in a sopnrato union of their own. The politicians and others told thom that the white fellows wanted ■tqJget them into .a union to make them go on strike, so thoy would lose their Jobs. Home railroads Invited their black men to'Join the company organisation. If they did not accept the.Invitation a Job wns put up on' them, and of course, they were "flred" Upon some trumped-up trival charge, (Continued on page 4) GARMENT WORKERS Montreal Cloak Employers Intimidate Tlieir Employees from Joining Union Organization work conducted by the International Ladles Garment Workers union ln Canada Is making slow progress under great difficulties. This is particularly in evidence at Montreal. There the cloak workers have been the prey of their bosses for many years past. In addition to the regular methods used by the employers in preventing tlieir workers from joining the union, they have engaged In systematic terror and intimidation with regard to their workers and have left no foul means unused to scare them away from the union. But hard as the task Ib, the active group of Montreal union men, headed by S. Ooldberg, International organizer, and Joseph Schubert, the secretary of the union, are determined to.organize the trade and to win for the workers of Montreal the same standard of union conditions us prevails In other cities. LEAVE NOVA SCOTIA Within Two Weeks 3300 People Depart from Halifax County Alone THOUSANDS MORE DEPART While United States and Upper Canada Bleed Maritime Province'White [Halifax Citizen] THE UNITED States and Upper Canada still continue to milk this province dry. The big interests of this country, and particularly the Industrial powers across our border, are destined to bleed this part of our country to the point of exhaustion, and eventually place us on the casualty list, so far as buslneas is concerned. From September 1st to September 16th of this year, no fewer than 3,300 people have left this province. In the last few months SGO fishermen have made their 'exodus from Prospect and Sheet Harbor, and by all reports hundreds more.of the young blood of the fishing centres are leaving tor the United States. H-pd- reds of young men have feft and are leaving the finely cultivated fruit farms of the Annapolis valley and are shaking from their feet the dust of a land that Is fast becoming the graveyard of Industry and the burial place of every form of progressive ambition. Since IDS.-thousands of skilled worker* have packed their kit and have gone to the United States to work, and their Is no present likllhood of them ever coming back. Every trade union ln Halifax is to-day recording .the loss of many members, and the labor movement mourning the' loss of a large number of its most active and progressive workers. Not only that, but Halifax has lost many of its most skilled workmen—men who would be the backbone of any community; men whose departure cannot but be considered in tho light of a social calamity, for these were our home builders, the men who, if they were given a chance,'-'would have made Nova Scotia what it really ought to be. STANDS THE IES1 Trade Unionism Will Always Be Virile Force iu the Future of Labor OET FAIR AND SQUARE DEAL Labofr Oovernment Does Not Mean Imiued ■ ate Abolition of Capitalist System [By J. B. Williams],, 'WHATEVER Its shortcomings, trade ,./V, unionism has never let the work- iirs^lown. Tt may not have accom- plishtfil .ull that it set out to do, or all that ty hoped to do, but any failure IsvndtVdue to trude unionism as a prihetee and an Ideal, but to some huifrn'n part of the machine which failed In JUs'duty to tho movement. The catholicity ot our movement Is exemplified by the fact that the great TradeH Union\joijferc_j8 at Plymouth, which consists ih the ipain of representatives of men who\ labor with thoir hands, Is presided ovor this year by tho representative of an artistic profession. I feel that the time Is opportune to wnrn the. organized worltcrs against the belief that exists In somo quarters that the wo'ulters can attain any sort of millennium' by political methods nlone. No onc who gives the matter thought will at-, tempt to belittle he value of direct laboVj. representation on all our gov- erhing bodies, but It is not a wise policy to let anyone believo that political action alono can replace that es- sejitittl part of labor's machinery as represented by thc trade union movement. Even a labor government will iiot mean the Immediate abolition of tho capitalistic syBtem, and strong trade unions to aecure a fair and tsquare deal for the workers will always be necessary whilst any form of capitalist system exists. IIS FORTY-THIRD American Federation of Labor Meets in Sesiion at Portland, Ore. SIDELIGHTS ON CONVENTION Doings and Sayings of Delegates —Summary of Proceedings in Brief rB AMERICAN Federation of Labor opened its forty-third annual convention on Monday at Portland with "an unprecedented display of harmony and unanmlty of purpose" • * • And then Samuel Oompers, the 72< year-old head of the federation took the floor, and with his customary flre andj vigor, flayed the enemies of trade unionism—red and reactionary alike—outlined the federation's alms, spoke on emigration, child labor, cooperation between farmer and workingman, open and closed shop and various other subjects connected with the labor movement. • * • Governor Pierce, "plain dirt far mer," complained of the inequality of a system that gives the farmer but $1 out of the $3 which the producer pays for agricultural products. President Gompers declared that the day Is at hand when the farmer and the industrial workingman will unite against a common enemy, the proflt— eei*. • * *. Delegate Geo. H. Cartliddge of the Trenton, N J., Operative Potters union, Is interested largely in community work, playgrounds, athletics, ulnd such lines of endeavor. As a member of the Trenton school board and seeing the desire on the part of adolescent boys and girls to dance, he figured that the schools were the logical place for dances, particularly since the public was paying large sums for their maintenance and was using them about Ave hours a day. So the schools were given over during certain evenings to dances. • . * * The Trades and Labor congress of Canada' sent to the convention James A Sullivan, of HKmllt&it, Ontario. As a token of appreciation for his attendance he received a gold badge from Prosldent Gompors. "Education and evolution of the workers," Js the watchword of the Canadian dolegato • • >- President James J. Freel of the In ternatlonal Stereotypers union states that the trade he represents Is 97 per cent organized, there being 6200 membera of the union. The membership is divided about equally, he said, between electrotype™ and stero- typers. • • * . The Seattle Central Labor council, accused of Insubordination to higher bodies In the organized labor movement, of radicalism and of running contrary to the set policies of the Amorich Federation of Labor, was allowed SO days In whtch to reconsider its stand. C. W. Doyle, secretary of the Seattle body, said that the case would be laid before the labor council ot its next meeting Monday night. It was for the entire council to decide, he said, and he could offer no suggestion as to the possible action which the body might take. • •' « The report of the A. F, q( L. executive committee, practically a yearbook of organized labor's activities and a presentation of Its alms for the future. waB presented to tho contention Monday afternoon by Samuel Oompers, president of the foderation, who, with the other officers of the organization, drew up tho 130-page report. The work of checking over the roport and making recommendations as to tho approval or disapproval of It was assigned to various committees. • • " * Secretary Frank Morrison's report shows a decrease In membership from 1022, when there wero 3,19fi,63f) members in all affiliated unions. This year membership Is shown as 2,1)26,468 in 108 national and Internationa I unionfl. • • ' 4 The question of child labor Is destined to be one of thc outstanding matters to como before the convention. Since Its Inception In 1881, tho A. F. of L. has conslstcgjtjy ndvo-, Dated laws prohibiting child lahor. rt has repeatedly declared that the children should he In the school or the playgrrund and not In the factory. Through the influence of the federation many statos have adopted child labor laws. Congress has enacted two laws prohibiting the work of children, but the supreme court In daoh rase declared them unconstitutional. \ ' ' ' ,-The supreme court of tho United States Is termed "a unique phenomenon In governmemt. It fs thc only court in the world which exercises tne power to nullify the laws enacted %v the national law-making body. |In^j>asHlng upon social and labor leglslnion the supreme court has frequontfjL placed Itself In complete variance n\d Judgment with our national congresil^ with state leglsla- (Contlniifd on page 2) EIGHT-HOUR DAY Question Again Looming Vp at Victoria, As Topic of Debate In Legislature The eight-hour day question ls looming up again at Victoria as a leading topie of debate at the fall session of the legislature. Major R. J. Burde, member for Alberni, who haa brought an eight-hour bill before the house several times before, is conceded a better chance of succeeding with his measure than ln former years. Paag The Federationlit along aad help get new subscribers. Employers Realise They Mnst Pay Attractive Wages to Apprentices SCARCITY OF SKILLED MEN It Takes Abont Seven Years to Develop a Oood Bricklayer A FEW YEARS ago young men when offered chances to become apprentice bricklayer, turned up their noses at hard work, and sought soft collar Jobs, To-day, the services of a bricklayer is in demand ln the U. S. "Contractors and employers are realizing that they must offer wages that will make the trade attractive to boys and young men who come In as apprentices," said Thomas R, Presse. vice-president of the bricklayers' organization and head of their delegation at the Portland Convention of the A. F. of L. "The unions also realize that we must take steps to hand down from generation to generation the flne points of the trade. So, In conjunction with the employers, we are working out a systematic ap prentice plan. In addition to actual work on the job, bo many houra week, we are requiring apprentices to have a minimum number of credits In technical school training during the course of their aprrenticeshlp. Craft Idea Is Revived "Throughout the country there Ib a'rev"lvar'of the eraffonflea, that of making betfeF 'worfting 'men "of the older men passing their knowledge on to1 tho younger generation. It fs our plan to train bricklayers so that they can take a- blueprint and build a building from It, without having to run to the foreman every tew minutes to ask what to do nexi. "Bricklayers throughout the country are receiving good wages, There ls a scarcity of skilled men. I have seen, buildings that in normal times would employ 80 or 100 bricklayers, with only;,a dozen men ut work. Bricklaying may look simple, but It takes about-'.seven years to devejop a good bricklayer." Put a one-cent stamp on this paper and mall it to a friend. NE In Practically All Russian Oities —25,696 Societies of Consumption In Petograd the co-operatives thrive with flne general storcp along the old Nevsky Prospekt, and modern restaurants. Approximately the some conditions are reported in practically all Russian cities and towns, The cooperatives are linked up by tho AU- Russlan Central association, direct descendant of the original Moscow Association of Co-operative societies founded in 1898. With this central association, which has its buying and selling agents In many foreign countries, including Gormany, England and thc Unltod Statod, are afflliated the co-operative societies of the federated republics. According to the latest figures available, the number of individual city nnd factory co-operatives affiliated with the Central association was 1,713 and In the country there were 25,696 co-operative societies of consumption. Added to these wero 4,631 so-called free co-operatives of consumption, embracing various trade groups, students, etc.; 89 transportation co-operatives and 900 military co-operatives, the latter wfth'-POfcOOO member_r. In the country there were some 17,- 000 agrlculturol co-operatives united In a central association which workB hand-in-hand with the All-ftussian Central association. ,'. MAKES UNITY PLEA Benefits and Results pf Unionism Eloquently Shown by the Barbers' Chief Oakland Building Trades Starting October- 1st, the Alameda County Building Trades council, headquarters at Onltland, Cal., will enforce tho union card on all new buildings within its jurisdiction. Each Job will be all union or nil scab. Well informed bulldlngirade unionists who are giving their All support to this effort admit in private conversation that the channel for success would be greatly IncroSsod If all building crafts were amalgamated into one departmentalized organization. It is predicted that ^t of this effort *to enforco the card will como a bettor understanding or the crying necessity of a closely knit organization of all crafts In the Industry, BARBEWNO OLDEST TRAM In,jtt_._c__ of Prwest System Ou Be Sighted by Suffrage and Evolution "JYARBERING is the oldest pro- D tension In the world, being referred to tn the bible during a period as far back as 250 years before the coming of the lowly Naxarene," declared James Shannessy, general president of the Journeymen Barbers' Intrnational union of America, before u special meeting laat night of local 120 in the labor hall. Nov barberlng wan virtual slavery 25 yoars ago with wellders of the razor and scissors working from • o'clock In the morning until 9 or 10 at night, and with a full working day oh Sunday thrown in for good measure, was related by President Bhannessy. "The great transformation fn working conditions for the barber profession has been wrought entirely aa a result of the on,"ani-atlon of the barbers. One barber by himself ls na helpless as a ship cast adrift in mid-ocean without a rudder or means of locomotion, but banded together in ah international organization with many thousands of members you have'thc power to make your profession a reputable one and one permitting you to earn a decent Uvllhood for yourself and wife and kiddies." Not Beat Organliod "I regret, however, that although barberlng is one of the oldest professions in the world, it is far trom being the best organised. • When It <omes to effective organisation, the lawyers, doctors, dentists and some other professions are up on the mountain top above while we are down In the valley. Better working conditions and shortor hours .had resulted in the lengthening of the Uvea ot the cigar makers 16 years and 9 months, as compared with conditions existing ln the cigar manufacturing trade 26 yeas ago, Mr. Bhannessy "ftld. Al- Wiowtft 'llac*fcsf.*Sy''tto ■■¥*■ **' •*VR|I* ble "in "icgard, to the Ihpqge that has' jlie-rn wrought In Ihe health and longevity of Karbers oa a' rert.lt.of Shorter working: hours and botter working conditions, he was confident that the results "were about as startling as tho In the cigar' hittkors' trade. Most barbers in the old days were consumptive and physical wrecks as a result of their extremely long working hourtj and. insanitary, places of work." ; ■'.. ■ A Ara.for Internationalism A strong plea was made by President Shannessy Kr the spirit of internationalism that, jiboulil' (ecvaile all the ranks of labor. 'lie. nid no man had any control over the place In which he was. born, and.,that It waa thc man himself that really counted, no mutter where he was born. In speaking of the crlilamj'„pf narrow- minded workors who criticise international unions und sny, "What's the ubc of sending our money over to the states?" Mr. Shannessy said that the balance sheets of the barbers' union proves that twice aa.much money haa como to Canadian barbers for benefits than h»n been received In membership dues In tho United Slates from t,'ona- dlim !,nrliern. ! " I'nltv Greatest Nccd The greateit need amongst workers to-day, he said, was the 'true spirit of; brotherllni'ss fnil cti-nporntlon. The spccluole :of 'organised oapital co-op-! crating and standing together os a unit In their tight against the workers, and, in contrast,. thc sight of the workors divided and continuously (luarrcllriB'nnil btllng Hne another,- wns •it.iiifiriil.i-*. In vltrt'olib language he denounced spies pafd by drtecttve agendo*! under the employ .of tbo big business IntereBlu, which spies craftily stir up strife -.iuiiI disunion amongst the workors nintf _n!schlcf!.v advueato ultra-rudicullsnu.und.. revolution. 11,■ said that labor spies nro so small "they could dance on a copper cent throughout eternity. ,. ' "It will lio'ii. sad day v.fi6ri"evolutIo_: knocked'off the static ' di.cl revolution takes Its placo," stafed Mr. Shan, nessy. "Wo have thenuMruga, and we can wipe out .every, eatlta./thing thnt. oppresses .the workers ir.im only unite, nnd adopt sensible peaceful and pro- g-eBslv-'-w-.evii.lutLoiiU-y. .methods In-.,' stead of the, bomfe^ siyprd and gun and bloodshed or rfcyqlution, "The - object of every man sho'uli. be to mako this world a better plaice In which to Our unions Ilave already oci-onitiilsh- llvc as n result or'having lived Here. ' ed a gieat ileal toward -making this a belter world, and thoy will accomplish a groat doal more for brother- llness and progress." Harbors', Bill Very satisfactory progress Is being made In the agitation for aupjjort.fbr the proposod now legislative bill Improving conditions rolnllvo to the bur. berlng profession, aucordlng to C. H. Herrett. prosldent of ,local 120, wbo made a brief talk on the subject In introducing Prosldent Shannessy. J. B Hughes, representing employing barbers, paid a high tribute to Mr, Shannessy's address, and said he was (Continued on page 4) PAGE TWO FIFTEENTH YEAR. No. 40 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANOOUVER. b. c. FRIDAY October 5, 192 Published every Friday morning by The British Columbia Federatlonist Business Office: 1129 Howe Street Editorial Offlee: Room 306—318 Pender W. Editorial Board: P. R. Bongough, R. H. Noel- anda, Qeorge Bartley. Subscription Rate: United States and For sign, >3.00 per year; Canada, $8.50 per year, $1.60 for alx months; to Unions subscribing in a body, 16c per member per month. Unity of Labor: The Hope of the World FRIDAY October 5, 1923 IS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN PERIL THAT education is at all times subject that everyone is Interested In—or should be—goes without say- / ing. Today's despatches from Portland tell us that the American Foderation of Labor now in session there, llnds that the educational system is in peril; that the schools are menaced by selfish interests; that the teachers are unduly muzzled. This state of affairs may or may not apply to Canada, In tho opening paragraph of its report, the A, F, of I*. committoe on education sees in these "authenticated reports" a menace to publlo education striking "at the very heart of successful democracy," and tending "to tear down tho usefulness of tho structuro of public education which tho members of organized labor, In common with other public-spirited citizens, have striven to build up," In answer to the question, "Who 16 responsible?" the report says: Much of the pressure has come from local bodies such as chambers of commerce, Rotary clubs and the like. The character and methods of such bodies differ from place to place, and cannot be subjected to general classification. The impetus was derived front two sources mainly, the report declared- (1) The wave of hysteria against "radicalism" which passed over the continent during and Immediately after the war and which "was directed even against ordinary liberal movements and organized labor, and (2) the calculated propaganda of national organizations. Under the heading, "Safeguards and Remedies," the report says: The labor movement does not wish public education to be influenced by partisan bodies of any kind. The persons most competent to judge in de tail what should be taught and how it' should be taught are those who themselves are engaged In the educational profession. Tho most neces sary task la an awakening of the public by spreading the Information broadcast about what ls being done and the organizations responsible. When teachers are adequately -paid, well informed on current problems, and able through the power of organization to resist Improper influence, the schools will be safe. The growth of the American Federation of Teachers is therefore the best means of public defense. The introduction of the study of social sciences into the seventh eighth grade is recommended by the committee, which says: The basic social studies, thoae which treat largely of matters of vital concern to labor, should be Introduced into the seventh or eighth grades, if not earlier. Thus It appears that there is a very decided need for an immediate reorganization of the curricula of most of our junior and senior high schools, so aa to provide opportunity for Instruction In these important subjects. In its final -paragraph the committee says, however: We feel confident in general that no insurmountable obstacles exist which will Interfere with effecting continuous Improvements in the treatment of labor by the textbooks devoted to the social sciences. New slogan: "Back to the Unions!' Labor does not ask the government to better Its conditions, but simply to give it a chance to do that for itself, Rome fell when one per cent, of the population owned nfnety^per cent, of the wealth. This was barbarism. Is our christian civilization heading the samo way? TWI Addresse the 55th Annual Trades Union Congress at Plymouth, England Its Forty-third (Continued from page 1) THERE ARE 702 DELEGATES It Represents 4,369,268 Trade Unionists—Justifiable Note of Optimism [Labor Press Servico] PLYMOUTH, Sept. 20.—"At Man Chester in 1913 there were 560 delegates representing 207 societies and 2,232,446 Trade Unionists. Today there are 702 delegates representing 4,369,26s Lrade unionists. There are some who say that trade unionism Is played out. In cricket parlance, it has never' played itself In yet." With this statement J. B. Williams began his presidential ad dress to the fifty-fifth annual Trades Union congress at Plymouth. It was a justifiable note of optimism. Des^ pite four years of unparallcd trade depression, involving an admitted slump of membership, the disbursement of large accumulated funds, and a severe strain on trade union machinery, the trade union movement ls almost twice as strong numerically as It was in pre-war days. Mr. Williams himself supported the explanation of this gratifying position when he asserted that "whatever Its shortcomings, trade unionism has never let the workers down." There are three labor dailies that -to bound to succeed, not so much by the support of their friends, as by the Bhort-comings of their capitalist enemies. They are the London Daily Herald (circulation ovor 300,000), the Seattle Union Record, and the New York Call—all real metropolitan dally newspapers. The Oregon Labor Presl issued a special edition of 72 pages last Friday as a souvenir numbor of the 43rd an nual convention of the A. F. of L. now in session at Portland. Nearly every page iu enlivened with photographs of public and organization officials, as well as views of many beautiful landscapes. The letter press Is well selected and devoted to numerous labor subjects, among which Is "The Story of the A. F. of L." The high aspirations of the Labor Press are certainly commendable. Labor The poverty of food, clothing and shelter Is less than one-tenlh of our problem. There Ih a worse poverty- a poverty of knowledge, of intellect and of "soul." There aro such things as mental Ignorance and moral blindness. Labor is not merely an ocono' mlc question. Were it so, It would never havo won the millions of hearts It has already captured everywhere. Labor ls more than bread-and-butter, housos and—work! It is a matter of soul and spirit, and of "manna." [Adapted] «T\ANTE," said Virgil, one morn- \J ing, "you don't look well." "Nonsense," retorted Dante, who never liked to have his health questioned, "I tell you I am Immortal." Nobody denies it," replied the author of the Aeneld, "but I must say that I have noticed symptoms of a decline in you." "I am willing to admit that I am a little run down," said the author of the Divine Comedy. "What's the trouble?" "Worry." "Worry! Why you have nothing to worry you that I know of." "I haven't! That's all you know about it." Virgil smiled. "My dear Dante," said he, "you remind me of the Sybarite who could not repose upon his couch of rose leaves because one of them turned up." "That's all right, Virgil," replied the great Florentine, "but if you knew the danger 1 am daily forced to run, you would consider me quite right in feeling worried." Virgil became grave, "Dante," said he, "you must tell me why you are so worried, In order that I may sympathize with you." Dante reflected. He did not care to tell his secrets to Virgil, for he was arrald that Virgil would tell them to Maecenas, who MAnild, in turn, tell Horace, and thus the story would get abroad. But the Immortal Italian was feeling so bad that he really had to tell some one or burst. Virgil," said he, "suppose some one were to go through the Inferno again," "What of It." "Why, the person who went through lt to-day would be able to write a poem that would knock mine out entirely," Virgil laughed outright. "But think," said Dante, "tho mosf dreadful creatures I mentioned in the whole seven circles were mere money lenders." "I remember them," said Virgil, with a shudder. "They made me feel very uncomfortable." "But since the Coal Vend magnates have begun to turn up down there you know that the creatures I saw and described are nowhere." "That's a fact," said Virgil. Those monopolists had to commit such atrocities that the crimes of the fel lows you describe are mere indiscretion.*, of youth," Dante wiped the perspiration from his brow, "That's where the ahoe pinches," ho remarked. "Think of some man going through the Inferno nowadays and seeing those Coal Vend fellows wiigg'ing ln flames, and then coming back to write about them! My reputation would be eclipsed." "Now you mention it," added Virgil, "I remember that the oil magnates are beginning to put in an appearance down there, too. It's bothered the fellows who have charge pf those thlnga to devise some punishment to flt their crimes. You know that's the rule In the Inferno. The punishment must flt the crime," Dante grew quite pale, "What a soul stirrer a punishment to flt those crimes must be? he said, with a shudder. "Yes," said Virgil. "A chap who gets hold of material like that for a poem would beat me out of the ring." "But," exclaimed Virgil, with e gleeful face, "you can yourself describe those horrors, and thus get r bulgo on the rest of the world." Dante wiped the beads of perspiration from his brow. "My dear Virgil," he groaned, ") haven't the genius to describe a punishment that would flt the.crimes of a coal or an oil magnate." And the pair of poets went to slake their thirsts with the waters of tho Styx ' U*.'q|vt.!ir?|*,|;.| tures and with the expressed will of the people.'" « * * "Our trade union movement must be maintained intact, at the highest degree of efficiency, and solidarity ln order most to effectively deal with the great problems with which we are confronted. The trade union movement out of its experience and ;n accordance with the requirements of Its membership will develop, as it has in the past, along evolutionary lines achieving results surely and steadily. It will resist to the utmost the designs of self-seekers and of the advocates of revolution." * * * Greater restriction of emigration than is provided in existing laws, is urged. "Until the foreigners now in this country are assimilated there can be no success in Americanizing the citizens born In this country. Illiteracy is growing at an alarming rate, Congress will be called upon to decide between the greed of unfair em ployera and the self-preservation of our poople." * * * The A. F. of L. will "have no hesl tancy ln emphaslng the fact that the most potential factor against unem ployment is the resistance against wage reductions. Wage reductions mean the abridgment of the power to purchase, to consume and to use the products of labor. Wage reductions accentuate depression and unemployment." * « » The committee of education appointed at the convention last year at Cleveland embodies three recommendations in its report: "That tho American Federation of Labor give increasing stress and thought to developing an increasingly constructive programme for our public schools. That permanent education committees be provided In organizations afflliated to the American Federation of Labor and their component units. That unions and wage eanners co-operate actively in the work of adult education as promoted through our workers' education bureau." Workmen's compensation laws were investigated during the year by a committee appointed for that purpose. it recommends that "the investigation made, compilation undertaken and formulation of a standard model workmen's compenaation law at present under consideration, be continued by this or a like committee." It also recommends that the Ohio act continue as the model law on this subject. * * « A movement to force organized labor into politics and an attack on the well-defined non-political policy of Presidont Gompers became evident Wednesday when resolutions introduced by the Minnesota delegation were made public at the convention. Flushed with their recent victories and the success of their farmer-labor party, the Minnesota men have called on the rest of labor to join with the agricultural element and create their own political party. * * • The Panama Central Labor council asked for the federation's aid in forcing the government to restore old time living and working conditions In the Canal zone. The Plasterers' delegation urged that all other crafts make provisions for granting special privileges to disabled soldiers taking vocational training under the Veterans' bureau. . * * * A call for assistance In the unionization of bank clerks, bookkeepers, ntenogn. phara and offlce workers was also- voiced, "I suppose," facetiously remarked one man after the convention had adjourned, "that we will have to unionize the banks owned by tbe Brotherhood of Railway Engineers." * • ■ • ' Tbe two demands for political activity by the federation and the forming of a farm-labor party were introduced by two different groups. The two resolutions wero different in tone and character. One, from tho Minnesota delegation, was the voice of men who were triumphant In political battle and who called on the rest of labor to follow them to political domination of the nation; the other, from the Iron and steel workers, was voiced in the more or less clamorous terms of the oppressed. • * • The plasterers plan for giving special preference to disabled soldiers is In keeping with announcements recently made by the international president regarding their system of build Ing up an apprenticeship system in their craft. The plasterers and the cemont finishers ask that this plan be taken up by all other unions. • * * Santiago Inglesias, delegate from Porto Rico, introduced a resolution which painted a picture of deplorable conditions among the natives of that island , cites instances of gigantic land monopolies by American, Spanish and French non-residents ahd requested the federation to lend Its aid in securing certain reforms which the people ' f Porto Rico have asked from the government of Washington, • • • Censorship of motion pictures, books or periodicals or newspapers woh frowined upon in the annual report submitted by Matthew Woll, president of tho International Labor Press of Amorica, "The thing to do," ho said, "Ib to uproot the Idea of censorship In any and all forms from our American soil. We should dedicate part of our servico to this end." when they "fail to get along" with the contractor, they Just "withdraw," said W. J. Moran of El PaBo, Tex., one of the bricklayers' delegates. "The bricklayers have not had a strike in 30 years, and we never flght unless we are attacked," he asserted. The union has 102,000 members and more than 700 votes in the American Federation of Labor convention. It owns and operates two brick plants —one at El Paso, Tex., which ls contending for the honor of entertaining the next convention of the federation, and one at Tuscon, Ariz. It buys the entire output of two brick factories ln California. * * * The bricklayers' international is the only union in the world, lt ls claimed, which does not compel a main to surrender his working card when he begins to contract. "We are not afraid of boa.1, control in the bricklayers' union," declared Moran, as Thomaa I, Priest, first international vice-president, from San Francisco, nodded assent. "A mun can hold his card as long as he likes, contractor or journeyman, as long as he remains a union man." * • * Bricklayers are mot the best paid men In the labor field, the view of the genoral public notwithstanding, according to Moran and Priest. "While they get more money a day when they work," said Moran, "they work less than other men, for weather often Interferes with their Job, and there is not as much bricklaying as there is work of other kinds in the building trades. Bricklayers work only part of the time, therefore, are entitled to good wages when they work." * • * W. J. Moran, bricklayers' delegate, aays that printers on newspapers are the best paid an the average of nil union workers in the world. They work six days or nights a week, without interruption, and their average pay is the highest. to keep our or wm Similar Resolutions Have Been Passed Before in Various . Parts of the World [Editorial from Christian Science Monltorl THE sentiment expressed at the Dominion Trades and Labor congress ln Vancouver this year, against Canadian participation in any more war is by no means confined to the organized workers. It is general throughout the country. According to the former president of the Great War Veterans' association, who addressed the Klwanis club in Ottawa recently after returning from the conference of the British Empire1 Service league in London, the former soldier "is the man who most wants to prevent wars." Commercial men In Canada attribute the present burden of taxation on Industry very largely to the increase in the national debt, due to Canadian war expenditure; The face of the country Is set against expenditure on naval or mllltatry establishments. Premier Mackenzie King has refrained from outlining the stand he will take on the question of defense, at the imperial conference in London next month; but it ls generally understood that Canada will be committed to no new expenditure without the consent of the dominion parliament. The labor congress passed a resolution that if war threatened to embroil Canada, the executive of the congress would call a special session to decide what action the organized workers of Canada would take to- war preventing the participation of the dominion ln hostilities. Of course similar resolutions have been passed before In various parts of the world. The signal failure of the German organized workers to stand against the wave of war patriotism that swept the German empire in July, 1914, wouid Indicate that something more effective than the mere passing of resolutions ls needed. In the heat of the hour of crisis, resolutions are liable to be forgotten. So, too, although the former service men of Canada can with good reason declare that they have done atl the soldiering they wish to do, and seen all the war they wish to see, the same could be said perhaps, under similar eir- CAPITAL AND LABOR Enormous Cnange Has Taken Place in Relative Position of Both PEOPLE IN GRIP OF FINANCE the Loyalty of the Leaders to Rank and File and Vice Versa [By J. B. Williams] QN THB question of capital and labor, I would like to direot attention to the enormous change that has taken place in regard to tho relative position between the two. Labor still represents, as always, something to dispose of in return for certain tokens of value that aro termed wages or salary. The only „voriatlon is in the number of tokens received according to the strength of the trade union organization at the back of the workers. So far as capital is concerned, however, thoro has been a series of constant changes. First we had the Individual employer with direct personal touch with his employees. Then the formation of a small company. Then its extension into a large company. Then a company of companies, followed by a national, if not an international, trust. Grip of Finance Every move in the game renders the workers' position less securo, more liable to tyranny and persecution, while the control of capital has got Into the hands of fewer and fewer individuals, until the banking ana financial magnates hold not only the welfare of Individual workers in their grip, but entire nations at their mercy. I should like to utter ar solemn word of warning. It Is not the slightest use calling for solidarity In the labor movement If those who cry the loudest for it fail to set the example by a keen willingness to do team work. We often hear of the need for the leaders to be loyal to the rank and file. If we are to have a successful movement it is, of course, essential, but we must also have loyalty of the rank and file to the leaders. TRADE WITH RUSSIA Her Exports Exceed Her Imports —Now Gold Currency Rcplucjng Rouble [Labor Press Service] A trade mission sent to Russia _y Becos Traders, limited, of London, a combine representing eighty engineering firms, is greatly impressed by the possibility of trade witJi that country. Mr. Marshall, the '^managing director of Becos, limited, states that Russia has already achieved a favorable trade balance, that is, her exports exceed her imports, and a new gold currency ls steadily replacing the rouble. Since Russia produces raw materials and Oreat Britain produces manufactured goods, the trade policies of the two countries can very well run together. This is Mr. Marshall's considered conclusion. _ You may wish to help The Federatlonist. Tou can do so by renewing yonr subscription promptly and lending In tbe subscription ol your friend or neighbor. cumstances, by the former service men of Italy. But the fascist premier ln Rome seemed to be of a different opinion, a few days ago, when he bombarded Corfu. Canadian public opinion has the. quality of stability, however, and the Canadian former service men have shown themselves to be as steady, sometimes under stress, ln the role of citizens returned to civil life, as they were as front lino troops on active sorvice overseas. After-Eating Distress And sll forms of Itomtoh trouble, inch st gts, palni, sold, loar, bnrnlng it.in.efc ar. sll relieved la two mlnutet by Uklng JO-TO Jo-T© sold hf aU Dragflab. Patronize Kederatlonlut advertisers, and tell them why you do so. Union bricklayers nover strike; For All Occasions "T-RUE hospitality lies in every bottle of sparkling "Cascade" Beer. It promotes a feeling of contentment and good fellowship. Serve "Cascade" to your friends—they'll appreciate it. Insist On "Cascade"—the Million-Dollar brew. At all Oovernment vendors. Vancouver Breweries Limited Store Opens at 9 a.m. and Closes at 6 p.m. Clan Plaid Camel Cloth Coals For Women and Misses at $39.50 AN ENTIRELY new wrap-over garment of the popular tie-at-side fashion, has large novelty wrap-up eollar, slit pockets and smart belted cuffs. The model is all silk lined and there is an interlining to give added warmth. Of fine grade material, well tailored, splendid value at the price— $39.50. —Drysdale's Women's Coat Shop, First Floor 575 Granville Street Phone Seymour 3540 Portland Oonvention of A. F. of L. Formally Opened on Monday Last For the first time in the history of the American Federation ot Labor, radio* was used on Monday last to broadcast the opening proceedings of the Portland convention to the world. The greut assemblage of 3500 delegates was called to order in the municipal auditorium at 10 o'clock by G. A. Von Schrlitz. president of Portland Central Labor Council. An'invocation by Bishop Walter Taylor Sumner, addresses by Mayor Baker, Governor Pierce and Otto Hartwig, of the State Federation of Labor, preceded President Samuel Gomper's formal opening address. Ring np Pbone Seymour 3814 for appointment Dr. W.J. Curry DENTIST Saltff 301 Dominion BuUdlnf VANCOUVER, B. C. A Bombay despatch states that a thousand Indian nationalists have been released at Nag-pur, India, following the conclusion ol' tho Indian flag carrying agitation. Their release was urged by the local legislature against official opinion. You may wish to belp Tbe Fqjler- atlonlst. You can do so by renewing your subscription promptly and sending In tho subscription of your friend or neighbor. STYLE, COMFORT AND LOW PRICE OUR ladiea' ready-to-weir apparel glrea yoa thoa* three eesentlala in every garment. We reproduce in our own factory the piek of the new models, and are thns able to sell at prices away below those charged elsewhere. 'From Maker to Wearer' methods have made the FAMOUS what It Is today—the most popular utor* of Its kind on the coait. See our wonderful exposition ef new Fall modes. Famous $5^*"^. •S3 HASTINOS STEEET WIST THIS WEEK WITH MATIHEES ON Thurs.—Fii—Sat. A KNOCKOUT BILL PAUL WMTEMAN'S S.S. LEVIATHAN ORCHESTRA . PRANK TAK BOYISH JOSEPH K. WATSON BOB ANDERSON JEAN MIDDLETON UME TRIO KKHK and WESTON Attractivt Picture! Concert Orchort-a Another Biff Feature Bill at Popular Prioes Next Week. FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST 1180 Oeorrla Street Sandaf serrlcM, 11 a.m. and 7)80 pm fiuaday achool immediately following morning serrlce. Wednesday testimonial meeting, 8 pjn. Free reading room, 801-903 Birks Bldg. B. T. Harrison 8. A. Pwty MOUNT PLEASANT UNDERTAKING CO., LTD. AMBULANCE SERVIOE 882 KIMOSWAT TAVOOUTBB, B. 0. Ptoone Falmona 01 OAVE you ever had a real drink J-* of Pur© Apple Cider during tbe last few years? To meet tbe desires of many clients, wo hare introduced reeently a pure clear sparkling apple cider In pint bottles, either pare tweet or government regulation 2% hard apple elder. These drinks are absolutely pure and tree from all carbonic acid gas or preservative! of any nature. Write or phone your order today, Highland 90. VAN BROS. LTD. Older Manufacturers 1MB Commercial Drift, Vaaeeimr, B. 0. Mainland Cigar Store 110 OAMIALL STttEET THE PLAOE FOR PIPES WHEN IN TOWN STOP AT Tbe Oliver Rooms 48 K CORDOVA STBEET EART Everything Modem R«tca Reuoiuble EMPIRE CAFE AND GRILL "A Oood Plaoe to Eat" HASTINGS AND COLUMBIA Tliis advertisement is not published or displayed by the Liquor Con. trol Board or by the Government of British Columbia. Bird, MacdonaM & Co. BAUUTUI, MIIO-tOM. IH. I0LU0 MMnfttttu Btultes 197 But-_|l M. w. T__»oo«nn_», 1. e. Trtephenee: Seymou HM ul IMT •Th. living voice iffeett men moro thta what thoy reid."— Pliny, the Younger. YOUR voloe conduct, yonr bulneu. * Dlroetlonl that yon give penon* elly nre quickly snd accurately executed, became yonr tuoelttei cannot (all to underitind. Eaeh Inflection baa a meaning (or them. Remember the telephone when yoa woald eonler with thoie Intereited with yoa ln bnilneii. Do not trait the oold written word—tend yoaf voice, younel! by long dlittnee telephone. b. a. TOLiniora oompaht. "LAID OFF"= Two ****_5"_!5 ******** «*• OAU Between COMFORT Md POVERTY Js*l'nlvsJ-^S!l>iB!____{ *** ■*— *—*■ •*—*■ **** •» •■•*•*■"■■. Jj* ■J(^g™»r*OC»™»-t*t meet vthublt AJMt . tut ean ante tii . W. RMMLY UOOHIMD yen t. atari nob •• atoonnt AT OKOI, .1 one o( Mr Olty Bnnehot. "™ HAgXDKM ud MTMOUB *n. I, ■irniin ________ Cordova ud Abbott Hal. and glul Am. t-tau anUan WHBIB TOV WILL UO__TI PKWH Am O.BBIBODI ATTmtTIOM Union Bank of Canada FBIDAT Ootober 5, 1923 FIFTEENTH TEAR. No. 40 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER, B. c. PAGE THREE i .Teeth Extracted FREE To demonstrate the fact that my PAINLESS METHODS give you perfect ease during treatment, I offer to extract any number of teeth without cost to you. My 17 years of dental 'practice in Vancouver, and my modern equipment assure you of safe and thorough work. Call or phone today for appointment. Remember these extractions will cost you nothing. Under ideal conditions, in my comfortable and finely equipped office. I also offer you Expression Plates, Crowns and Bridgework, Fillings, Pyorrhoea Treatments, etc., at HALF usual dental charges. All work belns backed by my usual 15-year written guarantee. Dr.- Brett Anderson Formerly member of tho Fnculty of tho College of Dentistry, University of Southern California; lecturer on Crown and Bridgework; demonstrator in Plato work and Operative Dentistry, local and general anaesthesia. 602 Hastings Street West (Comer Seymour) Phone Sey. 1)331 Open Tuosday and Friday Evenings - Now Among the Best Paid Work- ing lien in the United States of America LETTERS TO AVERAGE ABOUT $12 A DAT Vancouver Unions VANCOUVER TBADES AMD LABOB Oouncll —Preildent, B. H. Neelan Is, M. L. A.; general secretary, Percy R. Beneath. Office: SOS, 319 Pender St. Weit. Pkoae Be/ 7496. Meeti in Ltbor Hill At 8 p.m. on the flnt and third Tueidayi In month. ALLIED PRINTING TRADES COUNOIL— Meet* second Monday in the month. Preildent, J. R. White; secretary, R. H. Neelands. P. 0. Box 66. FEDERATED LABOB PABTT, Ub OOR- don Street West—Business meetings every Wednesday evening. A. Maclnnis, -chairman; E, H. Morriion, ieo.-treas.; Geo. . Harrison, 1182 Parker Street, Vancouver, B. 0., corresponding eecretary. Anv diatrict in British Columbia desiring ■information re securing speakers or th* for* Im&ilon of local branchei, kindly communicate ■with provlnolal SecreUry J. Lyle Telford, 1624 Birks Bldg., Vancouver, B. 0. Telf- [phont Seymour 1332, or Falnnont 4938. [BAKERY SALESMEN, LOOAL 871—MeeU necund Thursday every month, 319 Pender | Street W est. President, J. Brightwell; Ifi-iAtn.--.. secretary, H. A. Bowron, 929—llth IAtb. Eait. IJOURNKYMEN BARBERS' INTERNATION- I AL Union of America—LoceJ 120, Van- ■■aouver, B. 0., meets seoond and fourth Tues* Iriayi in eaeh month in Room 818—819 Pen- Ider Street Weat. President, 0. E. Herrett, ■71 Haitingi Street East; secreUry, A. B. ■Jani, 820 Cambie Street. Shop phone, Sey. j2708. Residence phone. Doug. 2171R. ■INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF Boilermakers, Iron Shipbuilders and Help- of America, Local 194—Meetings flrst __nd third Mondaya in each month. Preii* Ident, P. Willis; secreUry, A. Fraser. OBee: lRoom 808—-819 Pender Street Weat. Office moan, 9 to 11 a.m. and 8 to 6 p.m. nRIOKLAVERS AND MASONS—If yoa need Ji bricklayers or niaioni for boiler worka, Itte., or marble setters, phone Brlcklayen' [Union. Labor Temple. UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPBN- TES8 uid Joiners, Local 453—President, . W. Hatley; recording secretary, W. Page; -jaalnesi agent, Wm. Dunn. Offlee: Room 1104—319 Pender Stroet West. Meets second bnd fourth Mondays, 8 p.m., Room 6, 319 Tender Street WesL -a+i&nL- COFFEE 'In the Flavor Sealing Tin" PADEREWSKIS GOSPEL fcrVlO EMPLOYEES UNION—Meets fint Atd third Fridays In each month, at 148 Cor* Hava Stroet West. Preaident, David Cuthlll, 1.852 Albert Street; secreUry treasurer, Geo. larriaon, 1182 Parker Street. IBNGINEERS — INTERNATIONAL UNION J Steam and Oporating, Loeal 844—MeaU livery Thunday at 8 p.m., Room 307 Labor Temple. President, J. Flynn: buiineu agent Ad financial iecretary, V. S. Haat; recording Itecretary, P. Hodges. PITY frl«AFIGHTEBS UNION NO. 18— r Preaident, Nell MasDonald, No. 1 Firehall 0. A. Watson, No. 8 Firehall. Kbneral LABORERS UNION—MEETS 1 evory flnt and third Monday im room 312— A19 Pender Street Weat. Preaident, J. R ■Uwthorne; financial aeeretary, A. Padgham Reyee Road Poit Offioa, Vancouver. B. 0.i ■ ■■cording aecnury, Q. Tether, 2249—45th _re. Kaat, Vancouver, B. C. OTEL AND RESTAURANT Employeea Union, Local 28—441 Beymour Btreet. ■u fint and third Wednesdaya at 2:80 Becond and fourth Wednesday! at 80 p.m. Eiecutive board meets every issday al 8 p.m. Preaident, W. A. Colmar- illness agent, A. Graham. Phono Seymonr 81. . IacHINISTS LOCAL 182—Preeldent, Lee ¥ George; sooreUry, J. G, Keefe; business lent, P. R. Bengough. Offlce: 309, 819 fender Street West. Meets in Room 318— Eo Pender Street Welt, on flrat and third fundayi in month, ■ACHTNISTS LOCAL 692—President. Ed, f.Dawson; iecretary, R. Hint; busineu lint, P. R. Bongough. Offlce: 809—819 J-nder Street West. Moets In Room 3— h» Pender Street West, on second and 4th peadays in month, USIOIANS MUTUAL PROTECTIVE (UNION, Local 145, A. F. of M.—MeeU at boat Hall, Homer Street, aecond Sunday, i 18 a.m. Pnildont, Ernest 0. Miller, 991 llson Street; secretary, Edward Jamieaon, ll Nelson Struet; flnanclal secretary, W. E. rillams, 091 NeUon Street; organiser, F. \_____t, 991 Nelson Btreet, loTHKRHOOD OF PAINTERS, DECORA* 1TORS and Paperhangers of Ameriea, Local J Vanoouver—Meets 2nd and 4th Than* Ei at 148 Cnsdova Street Weit. Phone, , 8510. Busineu Agent. H. D. Col lard. Le drivers, bbidge, wharf and book Bnllden, Local No, 2404—Meets at I Hastings Btreet West every Friday, at 8 Jas. Thompion, dnaneial aecreury. hLORS' UNION OF THE PACIFIC, 135 tordov* 8t Wut, P. 0. Boi 571. Phone 1 8708. Meeting! every Monday at 7:80 J. Pearaon, bmlnui agent lERATED SEAFARERS' UNION OF B. —Meeting nights, flnt Tuesday and Srd lay of each month at headqnarten, 818 lova Street Wut. Pruldent, D. Gllkts- vice-president, John Johnson; secretary .jurer, Wm. Donaldson, address 818 Cor- a Street Wut. Braneh agent'i addreu: Worrall, 570 Johnaon Street, Vlotoria, ■ 0. _____ IREET AND ELECTRIO RAILWAY EM- liloyees, Pioneer Division, No. 101—MeeU IP. Hall, Eighth and Kingsway, lit and I Mondays at 10:15 a.m. and 7 p.m. Pre- ■Mt, F. A. Hoover, 2409 Clarke Drive; Urdlng secretary, F. E, Griffin, 447—Oth le. East; treasurer, A F. Andrew; finan- (l aeoretary and builnua agent, W. H. Cot- Hi, 188—17th Ave. W. Offloa, eorner Prior Phona Fairmont 4604T TAILORS' ANION merlea, Local No. 178—Meetings held t Monday in each month, fi p.m. Preii- t, A. R. Oatenhyj vlu-prjjldent,, Mra. i; recording secretary, 0, MeDonald, P. "loi 508; flnanolal iecretary, P. MeNelsh, J. Box 508, ^GRAPHICAL UNION, No. 998—Prrtl- j R. P. PfttlpUee- vice-preiident. J. Bryan: lecntary-treasarer, It. H. Nee- 'i, P. 0. Box 88. MeeU lut Snnday of _j month at 2 p.m. In Labor Hall, 819 der Strut Wut. J VANCOUVER THEATRICAL FEDER- TION—Meet* at 991 Nelion Street, at 11 on the Tuesday preeedlng the 1st Sun* of the month. Pnsldent, B. A. Jamie* 991 Nelson St.; SecreUry, 0. fl. Wilis, 991 Nelson St j Buslneas Agent, F. Cher. 991 Nelion Bt, hkERS' PARTY OF CANADA—808^ ender Street Wut. Busineu meetlni " " 1 Wo IITHI aeoretary noh onranlier. NOB KUl'KBT TYPOGRAPHICAL INTON, No. 418—Preaident, S. _D. Mae V 1 lit and Srd Wodnuday every month. CarpendaJe, oorrapondlng aecretarv; 0. »r, financial aeoretary; J. Halliday, aid, secretary-trouunr, J. M. Campbell, ). Box 889, MuU lait Thursday of oaoh Will Not Do for Workers Who Must Multiply Their Interests and Activities [Australian Worker] "One can never do a thing thorough unless one devotes all one's attention and thought to it," says Paderewskl tho great pianist. And for the rich it ls a really beautiful doctrine. But how does lt flt the poor? The worker who devotes all his attention and thought to one thing -will all his lifo remain a worker; that is to say, an automaton or a drudge—something subject to tho will, or even the whim, of another. He will never escape from the disabilities of his position. He will never feel that he has given his Intellect a proper show. He will never be able to meet his soul without incurring the risk of Its just reproaches. The doctrine of Paderewskl will not do for workers. They havo got to loarn to devote their attention and their thought to other things besides only serving masters, who must be superseded and rendered superfluous, and to render^ them superfluous, the workers will have to multiply their interests and activities—many things thoy will have to give their attention and their thought to, ln order that humiliating expression "masters the and men" may cease to have a vital meaning in the world, in order that the places of labor nfty be freed from the suffocating atmosphere of servitude. Mr, Paderewskl dropped tht Piano to be president of Poland, and dropped the presidency of Poland to resume the piano. His gospel of one thing at a time ls no good to the workers. Wonderful Bund at The Orpheum Lovers of dance music and jazz are having a real treat at the Orpheum theatre this week, when Paul White- man's S. 8. Leviathan Band Is the headline attraction. This musical aggregation of 14 pieces is the best hand Wbiteman could muster for the maiden trip of the giant liner and the ontire act now on a short Orpheum tour, is most lavishly staged with scenic and decorative specialties that enhance its attraction. Laudatory superlatives are not needed—merely to hear the band is .sufficient. The numbor of enehores being demanded is sufficient tribute to this splendid offering. With the orchestra is Morton Downey, the latest New York hit as a lyric tenor. He adds a faultless and praiseworthy mede to the excellent performance. Frank Van Hoven, "The Mad Magician" has an act that is cleverly silly and laugh provoking!. His act Is a winner for senseless humor. Joseph K. Watson also ls a big favorite with his "disarrangement of facts," a patter full of quips and quiddities which bring the audience lots of wholesome laughs, and the performer plenty of praise. Korr and Weston have a novelty dance turn. "The Flip and The Flapper," and their offering is unique, strenuous and novel. The offering of the M.E.G. Lime Trio, "The Qollywog," is something entirely new and has been a complete knockout with audiences so far. Little Jean Mlddleton, characterized by Sousa as the best violinist of hor age In tho world, charmed her audiences with hor selections, Bob Andorson with his "almost human" polo pony gives an idea of what may bo accomplished In animal training without brutality. The usual Aesop's Fables, Topics of the Day, and Concert Orchestra selections complete this excellent bill. Patronize Federationist advertisers. Heavy Demand for Workers and Limitation on Apprentices . Keep Wages Up PLASTERERS are among the best paid of working men in the United States, says Edward J. McGivern, genoral president of thc Operative Plasterers' International association, and It is the old, familiar law of supply and demand that has sent their wages upward. And, according to Mr. McGivern, the contractors and employers are largely responsible for the lack of help because, a few years back, thoy refused lo pay sufficient wages to apprentices to attract boys to the trade. "I might say, though, that these tales of $35 a day for plasterers are pure lies," said Mr. McGivern. "The average wage is about $12 a day. Many men earn much above that sum by working overtime, and, if a man sees flt to put In long hours at hard and laborious work, I think he deserves credit for it. Apprentices Now Scarce "Before the war, wages for plasterers' apprentices were low—about $8 a week. The work is hard and unpleasant. The average American youth had rather have a white collar job; he would prefer to work in a store or drive a truck for $20 a week than to learn a hard trade, such as plastering, "Along came the war and all building ceased. Nobody learned tho trade. Now, with a building boom, there is a scarcity of skilled plasterers. However, the contractors and employers have profited by their mistake of the past, and are paying wages that will attract apprentices." [The opinions and ideas expressed by correspondents are not necessarily endorsed by The Federationist, and no responsibility for the views expressed Is accepted by the management,] OF WAYBAGK-MEN .CUE Distinguished Scientists Assembled Recently at Sydney— "Riddle ofthe Sphinx" [By Frank Cotton, Australian Workor] A number of distinguished scientists of various natlonalles recently assembled in Sydney for the 'purpose of- comparing notes and Interchanging views on scientific problems. The fact is wo.-ih noting that a motion to include "social science and economics" In the list of subjects was de- -omed by 44 votes to 4 3. Theso as- sembled wise men having rejected by a majority of one the consideration of the only things which really matter, are now proceeding to talk over a nu mber or relatively unimportant topics. Science baa accomplished many things during the past generation ln the direction of the increased production of .wealth by the use of the raw material ln nature's great storehouse, but lt has done nothing to ensure an equitable distribution of that wealth. Riddle of the Sphinx That is the real "riddle of the Sphinx" which—aB Henry George long since pointed out—modern civ lllzatlon must solve or perish, aa perished the ancient civilizations of Babylon, Egypt, and Home Science has given us knowledge which enables us to measure the orbit of the stars in their courses, but knowledge Ib not wisdom. Australia ls a favored land compared with the countriea of the old world which havo boen ravaged by war, pestilence and famine. Yot even here we hnve grinding caro and bitter poverty, l)i>th of which are absolutely unnecessary evils, in view of Australia's scanty population, and enormous resources.. The world's wise men in scientific spheres may shirk their share of the task of rebuilding socioty on a saner basis, Just as the representatives of warring sects ignore the sweet old Galilean message of "peace and goodwill." But the great labor movement moves steadily on towards tho ultimate goal of Justice and fraternity, It Ib the only gleam of hope on the visible horizon* of a sad ana Borrowful world. HINTS FOR SPEAKERS That Lloyd George Can Hold an Audienoe a/t Hour, Docs Not Prove That Yon Can [William J. May] Popular speeches do not just happen. They are always very carefully made. Even the man who can make good speech at three minutes' notice has had to develop hia ability by study and care. Know what you want to say. Put It into a sentence or two. Then when you have planned your speech see whether you have said It. Every good speech has a beginning, a climax, and an end. Many speeches begin in confusion, continue in a muddle*, and end ln bewilderment. Make sure of a good start. A good laugh or a hearty cheer after the first sentence or two carries you half-way to success. If you aro speaking from a platform pitch your voice to reach the clock In tho front of the gallery. Toll a good story If you know ono, but mako suro you know how to tell lt. ' A story that falls fiat Is a disaster, Be brief. Tho fact that Lloyd George can hold an audienco for an hour doos not prove that you can. If you do not know that, other people do. Dr. Curry's Lectures Editor B. C. Federatlonist,: I am pleased to accept your Invitation to contribute a synopsis each week of my lectures on the "Problems of Life and Labor." These will begin Friday, October 12, ln the W. P. hall, 303 Pender street west, at 8 o'clock. This will make the fourth season during which I have dealt with these subjects, and this winter I propose Introducing many changes, and new Illustrations. The regular publication of theae reports has placed your paper in an exceptionally favorable position, for today the ablest educators in the labor movement declare that a scientific basis is most essential, in order to understand the great social problems now before the workers of the world in general. We are all aware -Ah at neither the daily press nor the usual institutions of learning dare teach the truth regarding the cauae and outcome of the political and economic chaos, which is threatening the world, and already exists in Europe. Upton Sinclair, among others, has fully proved in his three books, "The Brass Check," where he deals with the public presa, "The Goose-Step," in which he analyzes university education, and "The Profits of Religion," that the so- called institutions of learning are now supplying Uttle more than organized ignorance, and the propaganda of big business. He proves that university courses tend to widen and deepen that "great gulf fixed" between the masses, and the privileged few, between the "dives" and "Lazarus" classes of modern society; that higher education deals largely in dead things, lacks the flame of human sympathy, or under-' standing of the struggle of the common people for life and freedom. But ignorance alone enslaves, an'd how could we expect the masters of modern society who enjoy luxury and ease to furnish that understanding through which their exploited subjects could break their chains, and perhaps do to them what was done to the rulers of old Russia? We notice that ln this province, as in other parts an effort Is being mado to "educate" the enquiring members of the working classes. Not many months ago a leading teacher of McGill university, declared in this city that physical science was a very valuable study for our young men, as it would engross their attention, and would prevent somo of them from becoming labor agitators arid radicals. The course for the coming season will in all cases have a practical application. I not being an employee of a ruling class parliamentary institution, there will Le no need of the "Goose-Step" attitude, and no Incentive for evasions regarding tlie great problems of life and labor, I propose dividing the course which Will occupy about five months, Into three parts. The flrst will deal with the paat and present "warfare botween Science and Superstition." In the second, I will outline Cosmic and organic evolution, presenting the evidences of man's descent from the lower forms of life. The third portion of the course will deal with industrial evolution, and especially the cause and outcome of the revolutionary and the reactionary movements now so prominent. I invite all interested to attend. Admission free; queations and discussion as usual. W*. J. CURRY. Vancouver, B. C, Oct. 4, 1923. "Wild-eyed" Agitation Editor B. C. Federatlonist; "The Labor party owes its strength, not to 'wild-eyed' agitation, but to tho shortcomings of capitalism," declared Philip Snowden in a recent interview on the development und present status of the Labor party In England "Them's my sentiments, too," to use a slang expression, "The wild-eyed, shouting-voiced, ultra-radical variety never have the influence upon tbe un- awakened worker that the cool-headed logical, reasoning, sticking-to- facts typo of man hns. Nearly everyone has heard tho typo of speaker who, from the minute he starts to rant to the time he completes his spasm of oratorial fireworks, shouts like a wild man and waves his arms like a windmill. This type of speakor Ib oftentimes interesting because more or less amusing, but he does not make many converts to tho cauae. An interesting example to prove this contention can be cited in the development of the Non-partisan league. Organizers In both the Unitod States and Canada succeeded in alienating thousanda upon thousands of farmers from the old political party ties and converting them to a very progressive political and oconomic program by merely reminding the farmers of tbe aliort-comings of the present system nnd the Injustices the farmera suffer from, and by reading them a political und economic program that would remedy conditions. These organized not only converted hundreds of thousand* of farmers, but succeeded ln inducing them to pay |15 each to holp carry on the work. And the important point Is that lf theao organizera had on the start told theae farmers that the program of the league was practically the same that of the socialist party, moat of the farmora would havo run the organizera off thoir farina. But because they were not scared to death by the word "socialism" and were not visited by "wild-eyed" agitators waving red flags, they Joined the loague, and captured the State of North Dakota and Instituted a socialist progrnm that would have succeeded had it not boen for the fact that North Dakota was too far ahead of the reat of tho statea and waa practically Isolated financially by the powers of Wall atreet. PROGRESS Vancouver, B. C, October 3, 1923. Unique Gathering .it The Hagne of Some Five Hundred Deltgates MANY PEOPLE LIKE WAR Militarists Advise Bottling Trade Disputes by Arbitration but Not War [By J. B. Williams] •"THE END of last year witnessed .the unique gathering at The Hague of some 500 delegates Imbued with the idea of using every effort to destroy militarism. Although a certain section tried to use it for the solo purpose of propagating their particular and peculiar theories, the overwhelming majority of the delegates were thero with the solo Idea of establishing machinery which would eliminate force from International differences and substitute arbitration based on reason and fairness. It is an astonishing thing that ao many people admire and extol the beauties of tho volcanoes of war, and fail utterly to realizo the devastation that volcano is causing in the peaceful valley below. Another astonishing thing Is that while many militarists advise the settlement of trade disputes by adopting methods of arbitration and conciliation where It Is merely a question of wages or profits, they are not prepared to apply the aame methodB to national and international disputes. Surely such methods are much more essential in cases where the shedding of blood and the Infliction of untold misery is involved. In the light of comparative recent events I do not hesitate to say that certain people enter with lighter hearts into warfare where human liveB are at stake than they do when It is a case of profits being ln peril. Big Consumer Societies Run Farms, Stores, Restaurants for Members The Russian co-operative societies are prospering, since the adoption of the now economic policy by the soviet government in the spring of 11*21 and tho abolition of what the communists called war communism, the millions of Russian peasants and workers, organized for production and distribution, have been steadily extending their field of operations until today they are tbe leading economic force of tho country. Upon arrival in Moscow the German commission wore struck by tbe presence of three letters on stores, delivery wagons and signs innumerable. These letters mean that the business was part of the Moscow Central Co-operative association, an organization embracing about 200 separate co-operative societies, with 900,000 members, almost half the population of the Russian capita I. There are moro than 1000 stores and factories operated by tho Moscow cooperatives, with 6000 employees, 65 auto trucks and 500 wagons. In addition to running model largo-scale bakeries, restaurants and stores of all kinds, the Moscow Central Co-operative maintains 73 big farms near the city which supply It with mltk, butter, egga, vegetables aud fruits. The cooperatives :itso maintain homea for tho ohildren of their employeea, libraries and schools. Individual members of the co-operatives receive credit for necessary purchases from a special fund of 350.000 gold rubles (1175,000) established for that purposo. $5.00 Down -PUTS FAMOUS NEW— Hoover Suction Sweeper in Your Home IP YOU ACT PROMPTLY This exceptional offer is for a limited time only. We're doing it to give every woman in Vancouver and vicinity a chance to own the finest and most practical electrical cleaner ever made. This special offer is on the latest model —the famous new Hoover with the 10 revolutionary features—the fastest selling electric cleaner ever made. You've always wanted an electric cleaner like this—now's your chance. Phone today for a demonstration. Seymour 1670. Hudson's Bay Company VAHOOUVEB, B. 0. Sleep, tin. Restorer "Early to bed, early to rise, is a splendid maxim for the nervous patient to follow, for sleep in undoubtedly the greatest health restorer in the world. Be sure thnt thore la plenty of good freah air In the bedroom, and often a hot bath taken before retiring Will relax tense nerves to auch an extent that sleep conies very readily. Hand your neighbor this copy of The Federatlonist, and then oaU ■iround next day for a subscription. BURNING STOMACH Relieved in two minuUi with JO-TO Jo-To -Mie... gU piim, tcj<j itomtob, hotrl- burn, iftor-Mtinif diitreu And ill fuma of Indlgeitlou quickly, without harm. All Drag stem. LAND-CLEARING FIRES Canada Has Paid a Tremendous Forfeit from the Same in Destroyed Timber The problem of land clearing fires started by settlers and running Into the greon timber Is one of the most aggravated and complex. Settlers In newly-developed districts must use fire to clean up the debris and naturally wish to choose hot and dan- gcious weather whon burning condl tlons are best. This Inevitably means that for the clearing of farms Canada has paid a tremendous forfeit in destroyed timber. Much has boon dono, howovor, to mako the process of land clearing safo by Issuing permits for burning and supervising tho operation through olilccrs of tho forest service. The Canadian Forestry association has repeatedly pointed out that the wood- using Industry of Canada accounts for a national Income of $500,000,000 a year nnd cannot continue Indefinitely unless every safeguard Is thrown about the limited possessions of the dominion. Dr. J. I. Gorosh DBtJOLESS PHYSICIAH OBIBOIPBAOTOB Chronic tnd nervous dl_.__ei treated by dnifcli.* methods only. »0_-0_ DOMINION BDILDINO 207 HMInfi Straet Wttt For free elimination, Call Sejr. 4371 CHABITY PAY FOB WOBK Tliat to Per Week Wage Jnst as Much ni Crime os Stealing Wliich It Caused A married woman, of Now York city whose husband had run away and left her to koep their two-year-old child, was arrested for stealing. Sho ran an elevator In the Manhattan Byo and Ear hospital, and, the report said, waa paid »8 per week. That too was charity, not work, but here tho employer was worso than a pauper. That Is per week wage waa Just aa much a crimo as the stealing which It caused. Certainly, as women get further along in politics and business, such oppressions nre due to become fewor.—Col- llera. WHIST DRIVES GET YOUR OFFICIAL PROGRESSIVE WHIST SCORE CARDS, (16 or 25 games), ONE DOLLAR ($1.00) A HUNDRED, AT Cowan Brookhouse, Ltd. 1129 HOWE STREET Phones: Sey. 7421, 4490 Five Hundred Score Tablets, 20c each Court Whist Cards, 15c per dosen; $1.25 per 100 T A I L O R S TO PARTICULAR MEN - 1383 STORRY & McPHERSON Upstairs at 653 OBANVILLE STREET T A I L O R S DISTINCTION No matter how many brands of Beer there are, you will always find one just a little better than the rest. COMPETENT JUDGES DECLARE: BEER Can't Be Beat ' PAGE FOUR FIBTBENTH YEAR. No. 40 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER, ag FRIDAY October 5, 192: You Need These Goods Now Baintest Shirts, best make, $6.00. Raintcst Pants, double knee and seat, $5.00. Raintest Hats, $1.75. Mackinaw Coats, all-wool, at $8.50. Mackinaw Shirts from $6.00. Working Khaki Shirts, at $1.25. Stanfield's Underwear, from $3.00. Stanfield's Red Label, Blue Label, Black Label. GUM BOOTS Two Buckle $3.60 Six eyelets $3.75 Knee high $5,00 Three-quarter height ....$6.76 Hip high $7.50 Working Boots $4.60 DAYFOOTS 6-in. top $ 7.50 8-in. top $11.50 9-in. top $12.50 Bell's Fine Boots are the best. W.B.Brummitt 412 HASTINGS STBEET WEST 18 and 20 OORDOVA STREET WEST VANCOUVER, B. 0. Brunuitltt's New Store W. B. Brummlt, whoae name Is familiar to all readers of The Federationist, has opened a bright little branch store at 412 Hasting sstreet weat. The record of this firm, who specialize largely ln the needs of working men, is one of quiet, steady growth. The original store waa opened seventeen years ago down on Gor- lova street, where practically all the business ot the city was done in those days; soon the store next door had to be added. Then came a branch store on Main street, which has been replaced by the more modern and more centrally located store in the busiest part of Hastings street. Always a staunch supporter of labor, Mr. Brum- mltt has built up a very flne business In men's clothing and furnishings, and it was In an endeavor to better serve his patrons that the new store on Hastings street was opened only a few weeks ago. At both stores, union- made goods are carried as far as possible. Canadian National Railways TRAVEL TO THE EAST ON The Continental Limited 9.50 P. M.-FROM VANCOUVER-9.50 P. M. THE SCENIC ROUTE THROUGH THE ROOKIES COURTEOUS ATTENDANTS ■ - FAST SERVICE Boat Schedule MONDAY-WEDNESDAY-SATURDAY 12.00 MIDNIGHT TO PRINOE RUPERT—Connecting with trains for the East. For Information and Reservations. Apply TOURIST AND TRAVEL BUREAU—527 GRANVILLE STREET To Secretaries and Union Officials When Wanting Printing of any kind SEE US We have specialized in Union Work for the last fifteen years. We guarantee sat* isfaction. Prompt service. Reasonable prices. Cowan Brookhouse, Ltd. PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, STEREOTYPERS AND BOOKBINDERS Phones: Sey. 7421 and Sey. 4490 1129 HOWE ST. VANCOUVER, B. C. boys, Who help with this excellent brew, And we mix wilh the clear, cool water From the hills of cerulean hue. We worlt nil day and wc work all night; In fact wc are never at rest Till our aim is reached: And we make a beer Not just good or better, but BEST. QUA1ITV FIRST Only pure hurley molt, selected llrtilftli Coluin- liia hops nnd crystal pure Dioiinluln water go into tin. manufacture of Rainier Pa.e Beer. This advertisement is not published or displayed by thc Liquor Control Board or by thc Oovernment of British Columbia. "Canadian Banking System Best in the World"—for the Banks EXPLAINED BY J. W. WARD MONTREAL LABOR COLLEGE Deposits and Loans Far Exceed Amount of Money in Existence JL ES, we have no money, but we have aome nice loans and deposits." We can imagine the heads of the defunct Home bank singing the above parody on the song", "Yes, We Have No Bananas." Canadian bankers seem to have the habit of saying that "the Canadian banking Bystem is the best in the world." It is—for the banks. A banking system hardly could be conceived that would make the "financing" of the banking business any easier or "softer" than that in existence in this country. All persons who have made a study of the credit system in Canada have been aware of this fact—that the Canadian banking system is the best in the world—for the banks. But the announcement that the demised Home bank will pay only 40 cents on the dollar to depositors, pprhaps' a year or two from now, has convinced everybody who has not studied the Canadian banking system that It must be good—for the banks. One reason a bank can show a satisfactory statement, like the Home bank did before it "suspended payment," and at the same time actually be on the verge of going bankrupt, Is because both Uie deposits und loans of Canadian banks far exceed the amount of money actually ln existence. Taking the figures of June 20, 1922, as an example, the total amount of bank notes in circulation was J166,085,839, and of dominion notes, $232,748,410, making a total of $398,834,249. On the same date, the banks had t.0,203,250 of gold, silver and other coin in their possession, and in addition there was $9,502,533 of gold coin in the Central gold reserve. On that date, the banka had deposits in Canada amounting to $1,687,162,044, while the loans, including current and call loans in Canada, and loans to provincial governments and municipalities totalled $1,398,- 267,220. How can banks have on deposit and lend to their customers three or four times the amount of money ln existence? It Is explained by John W. Ward, secretary of the Canadian council of agriculture, as follows: "Banks do not deal bo much In money as in credit, and the figures to a large extent represent credits and debits in the books of the banks. Take, for example, a customer who wlhses to borrow $1000. If the bankur Is willing to give him tho accommodation,the customer will give his note promising to pay tho $1000 three months after (late, which tho banker will discount at say 8 % per annum, placing $080 to the credit of the customer In his books. The bunk's deposits arc, by thia transaction, increased by $980 and its loans by $1000 without actual money having boen used at all. Tho same thing may be repeated a thousand times and then we have a bank with $980,000 of deposits and ?_.,• 000,000 of loans. People will not, of course, borrow money and pay interest upon It in order to leave it lying in the bank ,but as long as they use tho credit placed at their disposal only by writing cheques, which aro deposited by those to whom they are payable, the deposits will not be reduced, although they will be transferred to different accounts and perhaps to different banks. Taking another case whero money Is actually used, suppose an employor of labor borrows $1000 from the bank, which he takes away in cash for the purpose of paying wages. The work* men to whom it is paid will not carry this monoy In their pockets for many days. Most of it they will spend before the next pay day paying It to their grocer, butcher and landlord. These, within a very short time, will deposit the money in the bank. What thi* workman saves he himself will probably deposit, keoping in his pockot and in his house sufficient only to meet his needs until next pay day. Thus the money loaned to the employer quickly returns to the bank to be loaned again. In both of these ways, loans cause deposits and the two items of loans and deposits in tho bankers' statements naturally rise and fall together. Free lending by the banks produces large deposits, while the restriction of loans automatically brlngi about a reduction lu deposits. Thc more the banks lend tho more their dtposits grow." Makes Unity Plea (Continued from page 1) sure it would be mutually beneficial If there were more general co-operation betweon the journeymen barbers and th<j barbershop owners. Several non-union barbers present al the meeting pledged themselves to join the union. After the meeting, a banquet wns held In Mr. Shannessy's honor In the banquet room of Alex antler's dancing establishment. MAIN STEEET PAVING OONTBAOT NOTIOE TO WORKMEN NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN to all work, men who were employed at less than (*1\_ cents per hour on tlio Main Street False Creek Improvement work by the Canadian National Railways and tho Pacific Construction Company from tlie time of tho reduction of wages on July first to time of completion of work In Doe._mber, 1922, thnt they will be granted an additional allowance as per arrangement with the Canadian National Rail- ways for each day actuully employed at the reduced rate. AND FURTHER TAKE NOTICE that all clnims for Mich wages must be flled with the undersigned on or before October 15, 1928, in order to participate in Btich distribution. J. B. WILWAMH, City Solicitor. Vancouver, Ii. C. Best $2.50 GLASSES ON EARTH OOMPLETE WITH OUR SCIENTIFIC EXAMINATIONS Glasses not prescribed unless absolutely necessary. Examinations mado by graduate Eyesight Specialists. SHtisfaciion guaranteed. We grind our own lenses. Leusei duplicated by mall. PITMAN Optical House (Formerly Brown Optical H««e) Bb .lire of the addrea..—Above Woolworth'. Store. DMr OranvUle. Suite 86. d_tu Ohantan, 615 HASTINGS STBEET WEST Haa __ ion Entering Fourth Year of Its Educational Activities—*Devising More Effective Methods The Montreal Labor college is entering Its fourth year of its educational activities. The executive of the college is devising more effective methods of reaching more of the trade unionists of that city, as this particularly Is the aim upon which the college was founded. Among thoae who will conduct lectures starting October will be Captain Paxton Hibbons, of New York, a noted lecturer on the Russian situation; Prof. Scott Nearing, well known authority on the labor movement and world events, and J. S. Woodsworth, M.P. for Centre Winnipeg. Jerre L. Sullivan (Continued from Page 1) One company has denied this statement and has threatened the speaker with a libel suit over the affair. It was quite a struggle in Canada to carry on "because of lack of cooperation among the members themselves and their employers. If there were no patrons, there would be no jobs—ao all must work to please the public, and everyone would benefit by doing so. Another thing—the officers of the union should be assisted in their work by the members. Mr. Sullivan pointed out that had it not been for the co-operation of the members in the past, a big organization of their own would not now be built up on the continent—and he would not be with them this afternoon, .(Applause.) Before the advent of the union, he had worked at Toronto for $10 a month and at Denver for $22.50. Some of the proprietors were real good fellows, but then they cannot pay any more to their men than their competitors are required to pay. Friendship and Duty Won't Mix If they did they would soon be out of business. No memoer should make things unpleasant for his friend or chum who happened to be in charge of a dining-room, by the non- observance of rules, thereby jeopardizing his position. If there Ib to be a cut between friendship and service, stay with the house. There is no such thing as friendship and duty mixing. If conditions in the trado are to be improved, members must Btand by each other, and help one another. You cannot win if you think you are goin to lose and you can't be successful through your organization without confidence in one another. The daily press ls none too friendly to organized labor. Then it is your duty to loyally support your local labor paper as well ns the official magazine, Mixer and Server, of the association. The international union hnd in the beginning 700 members. Its field of operationSitook in nil Canada and the United States. This wns considered progress. Now there were over 20 locals oach with more than 700 of a membership. The first surplus over expenditure was ?35.15. Four years Inter the membership roll reached the 50,000 mark. It grew too fast because up to that time they had nothing to offer its members. Since then, however, Mr. Sullivan has handled over $5,000,000 union funds. Somo $12,000 hns been spent for Cnnadlan organization work. This Is the flrst visit of Mr. Sullivan to the coast and he was loud in his praises of "Vancouver. He resumed his seat amidst applause. I Losses by Them in Five Years Average $14,500,000 Annually NUMBER FIRES A YEAR 5770 Causes of Shocking Vandalism Were Nine Times in Ten Recklessness CANADA'S bill for damages sustained by reason of forest fires during the pnst five years averages $14,- 500,000 annually. The number of forest ilre« nveraged 5779 a year und the causes of this shocking display of vandalism were nine times in ten humnn recklessness. Campers accounted for 24 per cent, of all these fires; settlers burning slash started 23 per cent; lightning 10 per cent.; and railways 26 per cent. The figure charged to railways is, however, an unfair Index of responsibility. In the flrst place, practically all fires started, or said to be started, from railway lines are Instantly reported. This is not true of campers and settlers and lightning fires. Again, the majority of railway fires, being quickly detected, are quickly put out so that us Umber destroyers the railway lines have fallen to a minor position. Tide of Emigration Still Flows Across Boundary Line in Thousands THE PROBLEM IS SERIOUS Intercourse Easier with States Than Between Eastern and Western Canada mHB TIDE of emigration from *** Canada to the United States is causing the gravest concern to the Canadian government at this time. In the Canadian cities and on the Canadian trains one hearB of this emigration problem whenever public questions are discussed. So serious has become the flow of artisans, farmers and younger men generally to the States that a movement has been started in Ottawa to bring to Canada one milliQn young Britishers to work the productive lands of the dominion. The drift southward has been so extensive, in the opinion of a Canadian writer in a New York paper, that it is estimated there now are as many Canadians and descendants of Canadians In the United States as there are in Canada. A large volume of this emigration hns been piled up ln recent years especially in 1922, when there was great building activity In the United States and no corresponding boom in Canada. Artisans by Thousands Artisans by the thousands came across the line, attracted by prospects of steady employment and extraordinary pay. The recent tide haB moro than counterbnlnnced the movement of farmers from the United States to western Canada a few years ago. Even in the agricultural regions the tide has turned south ward. The Canadian government long ago forsaw the difficulties it would have in holding its natural population. In spite of tariffs and other international regulations, communication between the United States and Canada is much easier and more attractive than intercourse and cooperation between eastern nnd western Canada. This is because of ihe natural barriers of the lakes, great and small, the extensive regions of unproductive lands, and the high latitudes of the transcontinental railways. Everything Possible Done Everything possible was done to encourage the building of these Canadian railway lines, in the hope that intra-dotninion travel nnd traffic should bo made as inviting as possible. Severnl of these Hues now nre nationalized, but with distressing results. The dominion government is heavily in debt, aside from Its war obligations; nnd with the loss of population the problem of extrication haa been acute. Perhaps the most surprising feature of Canadian emigration is the great increase from the French-Canadian provinces Into New England and New York. It is estimai ed 1 hat New York city alone has three hundred thousand Canadians, mostly from the French sections. What is true of the population nlso is true to a large extent of business. The fact that the two countries have the same language, similar customs and needs makes the interchange of products pnrticularly easy nnd the cooperation in business devoid of difficulties. Now York, Chicago and Detroit money Is largely engaged in financing Canadian enterprises. Trades and Labor (Continued from Page 1) ' Australia Buys Lumber Australia brokers last week bought 6,000,000 feet of lumber from the association mills. A South African cargo was purchased, a little business done with the west coast of South America and some trnde nccompllshed with the United Kingdom. Despite the fnct that lumber In Sweden ls about the same price as here, but freights from Scandinavian districts to Australia are $2 a thousand less thnn from British Columbin, Australia buyers prefer the lumber from this country. Sweden has been doing considerable business in small material In the antipodes, but lt is on regular liners and in parcels working out with general cargo. bers' union, and the employers were agreeable to the proposition. Tho council unanimously endorsed the recommendation, and will communicate its approval of thc prc- ■josed act to ihe provincinl department of public health and to the memberi; of the legislature for Creator Vancouver. Reports Secro'.ary Bengough said that he had arrangod with the Workmen's Compensation board for n re-hear, ing of the accident case of a member of the Painter's union. In the absence f'f Chnirmnn Brooks he reported progress for the Convention Entertainment committee. Approved. Tho chairman of the Building Trades committee recommended that all the building trades use Trades and Labol* council working cards. In future the committee would meet twice a month—second and fourth Tuesdays. The Amalgamated Carpenters will be asked to Join in the movement. Report ndopted Delegate Macdonald reported that the Label committee wfll hold a dance in the Alexandra Dancing academy on Friday evening, October 19. Dele;, lte Showier reported trade unchanged; still waiting upon the Home bank, (Laughter.) Steam and Operating Engineers— Business fairly good; five per cent of the members out of work; taking In new members from time to time. Typographical Union—Negotiating new Job scale; $39.60 for 14 hours Increased to $42. Strike still on. Journeymen Barbers—Work good all summer; slack nt present, but all members working; holding opon meeting to-morrow (Wednesday) to be addressed by the general president. Brotherhood of Carpenters—About 20 per cent, of the members unemployed. Painters—Trade bit quiet. Some of the delegates rapped the reporters for alleged misleading and Paris Hand Made No. 1 Chrome Work Boots ALL HEIGHTS Beats All Competition for Real Outdoor Boots Made in our own workshop from top to bottom. No. 1 quality waterproof chrome, two soles, specially constructed counter and heel; a thoroughly dependable boot, fully guaranteed. 6-in... 8-in... $6.00 $8.00 14-in 10-ia 12-in $14.00 $10.00 $12.00 Pierre Paris 51 HASTINGS WEST Bruce Overcoats Are the Best GET ONE $19.50 $25 $29.50 C. D. BRUCE LIMITED Corner Homer and Hastings Streets Vancouver Parliamentary Debating Society The ahove society is being formed for tho purpose of— (1) Encouraging a knowledge of Parliamentary Procedure. (2) Encouraging a knowledge of Public Affairs (3) Encouraging the art of Public Speaking on Political Questions of the day. The activities of the society will be conducted on Parliamentary lines with a Government, Opposition, and, it Is hoped, strong Independent and Labor Benches. The society has no political affiliations, and aa the membership will be limited as to numbers, ajl intending members are requested to obtain application forms for membership from the undersigned and return same as early as possible. Suitable central quarters can be secured and it is Intended to meet twico monthly. Membership Fee $5, payable $2.50 on October 1, 1923, and $2.50 on January 1, 1924. J. HAYDN YOUNG, O. A., Hon. Secretary Pro Tem, 622 Metropolitan Building exaggerated reports of the meetings ln tho papers. Work Ten Hours Secretary Bengough and Delegate P. Floyd of the Laborers' union were apointed to interview the fair-wage officer regarding the hours of labor worked by the laborera on construction of the government grain elevator. It waB reported that ten hours were being done on straight lime. The mechanics on the job have the eight- hour day with overtime rates for the extra two hours. The president reported that one of :he big chairs used by thc presiding officers bad been stolen from the hall. A Union Is What You Make It Some men Imagine that a union comes out of the sky, and thot it is made to order. This Is a fallacy which only active participation in union affairs can destroy. Why not be an active member, instead of a knocker. Patronize Federatlonist advertisers; INDIGESTION Relieved in two mlnutei with JO-TO Gu. soid, aour, burning stomach »11 quleklj relieved witb JO-TO. Drag Btom. W70RK1NG MAN would like " to get acquainted with an Intelligent woman, 30 or 35; \ ahout 6 ft. 3 In, or near. This Is honest and genuine. Send picture and few details to A. B. CLARK, General Post Offico, City. Fresh Cut Flowers, Funeral Designs, Wedding Bouquets, Pot Plants, Ornamental and Shade Trees, Seeds, Bulbs, Florists' Sundries Brown Brothers & Co. Ltd. FLORISTS AND NURSERYMEN 48 Mattings Street East 2—STOKES—2 695 Oranvllle Street Ser. 988-872 "SAY IT WITH FLOWERS" Sey. 8513-1881 UNION STEAMSHIP COMPANY of B.C. Ltd. Fourteen Passenger and Freight Steamers at your service. Calling at all Northern 0. C. Coast Points, Lumber and Mining Camps, Canneries and Pulp nnd Paper Mills, PRINCE RUPERT, ANYOX and STEWART For further particulars apply: HEAD OFFICES: UNION DOCK, Ft. CARRALL STREET Phone Sev. DDO ' CTOVES AND RANGES, both malleable and steel, McClary's, Fawcett's, Canada's Pride, installed free by experts; satisfaction guaranteed. Cash or $2.00 per week. Canada Pride Range Company Ltd. 346 Hastings Street East Sey. 2399
Publisher changes in chronological order: Vancouver Trades and Labour Council (1912) ; The B.C. Federationist, Ltd. (1912-1915) ; The B.C. Federationist, Limited (1915-1922) ; The B.C. Federationist (1922-1923) ; The British Columbia Federationist (1923-1925).
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