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FEDERATIONIST INDUSTRIAL UNITY: STRENGTH OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE FEDERATED LAB OR PARTY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA PUBLISHED QT INTERESTS OF ALL WORKERS .4 POLITICAL UNITY: VICTORY SEVENTEENTH YEAR, No. 4. FOUR PAGES VANCOUVER, B. C, FRIDAY MORNING. JANUARY 23,1925 = 6c A COPY BERTH CONTROL I Its Economic Side—Grand Objective the Betterment of Conditions of Life. THE POOR ARE PENALIZED English Labor Movement Recognizes Claim for Support Made By Birth Control. pODAX birth control iB engaging the attention of the world's greatest minds. The grand objective of itt, | advocates Ib the betterment of con- ■ dltlonis of life for the race and more especially for that great portion consisting of the unskilled and semiskilled workers. The English labor movement has clearly recognised the i claim for support made by birth control. No more effective weapon in the struggle (or the freedom of the laborer exists. To unionise all workers, to limit the numbef of competitors in the labor market, to restrict immigration of cheap labor will be utterly futile and useless unless "the immigration 'from heaven"1 Is checked. Therefore, as the champion of the poor and oppressed, the labor party has no other course than i study the question of birth control along with other economic problems and to use all of its gathering force to forward the spread of contraceptive methods among the disinherited of the enrth. We have pointed to tlie fact, in a previous article, thut of all nations the U. S. A. und Canada alone legally prevent the giving of sueh information to thc people through the regular channel of the medical profession. Contraceptive Information, ln the antiquated code of our dominion, classed as obscene and indecent. Yet, be it observed, that in spito of this legislation, tho educated and intelligent classes ara practising birth control. Through knowledge, and through the power oj: money, they get what they want—botli materials and Information. Tho [low ibirlh rate among the professional and wealthy classes proves the existence of the knowledge among them of how to limit their families. Tho high birth- re among tlie wives of working men i shows clearly tlieir lack of informa- | tion upon tills all-Important question. Thc poor arc penalized for their poverty. So that we face the paradox, namely, tho.se most able to rear families properly have few; those unable to rear a largo number of children decently are in possession of mnny. It is the swarming proletariat of the unskilled classes—the low-wage groups—who nre the delight of lho exploiting class. It Is they who furnish, tho children to break the anti-child labor laws. They furnish a pitiful harvest for the war lords and the conscienceless employers. They, before nil classes, need this knowledge which is at present in the hands of the few. In our own province wc are eon- fronted with the spectacle of thousands of dollars being wasted annually upon Institutions for the mentally infective, the deaf, tho dumb, the blind, the cripples, drink and drug addicts, the delinquent, all of whicli waste might be eliminated if the axe was laid at the root of the problem. To maintain theso nsylums for the unfit and the diseased the pockets of the many are being picked. Yet when sound economics, In the form of birth control are mentioned as a cure for these evils, we are confronted with the apathy and ignorance of the middle ages as embodied in our legislators and professional classes. They are indifferent because of the ease with which they can obtain contru- -eptive information themselves. No short nrtiele can do Justice to , the economic necessity for birth control. We have merely scratched the ■Surface of the problem that has to ibe faced. And, it is to labor thnt we r must look for the solution of the 'problem. It is their most immediate Interest. Dr. Gurry's Lectures "Proofs of Evolution, Through Dis- ' covered Links and Comparative Anat- * omy," will be the Bubject this (Friday) evening in the C. P. hall, 666 , Homer street. Community singing nt 7.30 p.m. Barbers' Board of Examiners The following have been appointed by the provincial government as the first members of the board of examiners In barberlng: Albert E. Gilbert, Vancouver, master barber, for one year; Mnrshall Porllce, New Westminster, journeyman, for two yenrs, and John McCurdy Coopor, Victoria, journeyman, for three years. The New Zealand Labor Party favors nationalization of the medical services, with free medical, dental I and maternity attention; a ptate hous- 1 ing department; baby clinics for all Infnnts throughout New Zealand, If you are rtaUy in sympathy | with labor, be a booster. The Federationist is out to do its bit. Help it. x Earn Some Money! A^ TO OPPORTUNITY is open to some real live, elnas- t\ eious workers to cam some ready money, and, at the so.,% time, help the cause of labor, by selling The Fed- eratiott'V «n the streets, and getting new subscribers. LIBERA.; OMMISSIONS ALLOWED TO ALL AGENTS An excel'. ' opportunity to serve yourself and your cause. t\ iY BALK'IS A BOOST FOB LABOR \» \ BE A BOOSTER Enquire for full particulars between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. and 10 a.m, and noon on Saturdays, at the offices of The B. C. FEDERATIONIST "Tlie Workers' Friend" 1129 HOWE STBEET VANCOUVER, B. 0. Official Organ of the Federated Labor Party Friends and supporters of The Federationist and the labor movement in general residing ln the various outside districts of British Columbia are cordially invited to write us regarding subscriptions, news items, etc. or B. H. Neelands, M.L.A., Is Re- Elected President of Trades and Labor Council. The Trades and Labor Council at Its regular meeting, held in its hail, Holden block, ou Tuesday evening, elected officers for six months us follows: President, R. H. Neelands, M. L. A.; vice-president, W. Dunn; secretary, '£*, Bengough; statistician, F. J. Hunt; sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Dolk; trustees, "W. J. Seribbins and P, J. Flynn. Committees were appointed to attend the city council meetings and a meoting of the unemployed Friday evening. Thoso appointed were: City hall committee, P. Bengough, W. Dunn and 33, Showier; unemployed committee, C. Cottrell, V. Midgloy and W. Floyd. At a previous meeting of the council it wns decided to write the provincinl government labor department and point out that some department stores did not have scats for clerks as provided by the Factory act. The reply from tho deputy minister of lalior stated that the Factory act enforcement did not apply to municipalities, as the civic authorities had the power to appoint officers to enforce those laws. As Vancouver hns no officer for ibis purpose, the matter is now being taken up with tho city council. ' Declaration of Geneva Tlie Declaration of Geneva, whicli is intended to form a Magna Charta for children, has been endorsed by the Hungarian government. Tho ceremony of signing the document took place In the main hall of the parliament building at Budapest in the presence of prominent government officials and delogatos of the International Conference of the Save the Children Fund, then In session at Vienna. Child Labor in Algeria Little girls in Algeria will, In the future, be permitted to work in carpet factories at the age of ten years, according to a recent decision by tho advisory committee on labor of the government of Algeria. This committee recently approved the lowering of the minimum age for such work from twelve to ten years. The general railway strike in Austria, which resulted in forcing the cabinet lo resign, has beon settled on a compromise basis. The workers obtained considerable improvement in wages and conditions of employment. Sny, young follow, what nre you doing to strengthen organized labor and improve your conditions? Head up! Disregard of Rules of Safety Makes Bad Man of Old West Look Like a Piker. That the bnd man of the old west was a piker when it comes to killing people is demonstrated by the statistics compiled by the local safety department. In 1921, when there were but a few one-man cars in operation in Dayton, Ohio, three pedestrians were struck by cars, and one was killed. But in 11)22, with a flock of one-man cars in operation, 26 citizens were struck and five were killed, an incrense of 100 per cent in the number of accidents and 400 per cent in the number of fatalities. During the year just closed there were 12 collisions betweon cars, 144 automobiles and three wagons were struck, but there is no record of the amount nf monetary loss entailed. That only five persons were killed dining the year Is considered remarkable by the patrons of the one-nmn cars. Sooner or later thero will be nn accident f;i wliich a dozen or more are killed. Then quick and decisive action wilt lie taken to rid the city of tiie things. —Dayton, Ohio, Labor Review. Oovernment Opens Road Near Hope Camp to Widen and Grade Yale Road. [By Our Own Correspondent.] Hopo, B. C.—To alleviate the unemployment situation us the government says, or as anyone else might say, to get the unemployed out of town, the government has opened a road camp two miles west of Hope. The men are to widen and grade whnt is known as the old Yale road. To go to thfs job 20 men left Vancouver on the 15th of the present month. On their arrival they found that the bunkhouse in which they were to domicile had just been completed that day, and the lumber was damp as a consequence, The men had brought thoir own blankets, the govornment providing the rest of the equipment. The mattresses tlmt were provided for them was the snme kind of bedding that John Oliver provided for his cattle when he was farming in the Delta—just plain hay. Tho bunkhouse Is about 50x20 feet In area, and there are bunka built on the doublo deck plan to accommodate 48 men. It wns their intention to build another bunkhouse of the dimension nnd accommodation. The vent Hal ion is none too good, and when the bunkhouse Is filled to capacity, the 48 men breathing each other's exhalation, the edifice might be well regarded as a health resort and a monument to the enforcement of the henlth regulations by tbo present government. Apparently John Oliver thinks that which Is good accommodation for cattle is nlso good for the unemployed. Modern Arts and Letters Club Is Formed—Pleasant Evening's ' Entertainment. TENTATIVE PROGRAMME The cinema Is the night school of the working classes.—Miss Ellen Wilkinson, M. P. A. M. Stephen and Bliss D. Halli- well, Respectively, Elected President and Secretary rys the evening of Wednesday, the 14th inst., a meeting was held at 337 Hastings street, at which there was Initiated a most interesting movement affecting the present outlook upon art and literature In "Vancouver. Realizing that we are living in a transitional period when all forms, social, religious and artistic, are changing to make way for a "new civilization," the Modern Arts and Letters Club was formed with the following tentative programme: 1, The study of the works of writers and artists, especially those of the twentieth century, which express the life and ideals of the "new age." 2. To promote public interest in the work of such writers and artists. 3. To apply the standards of twentieth century criticism to all works of art. 4, To unite those who believe in art for life's sake as opposed to art for art's sake. ( During the evening A. M. Stephen' delivered a brief address upon "The Western Movement in Canadian Poetry," which was illustrated by Interpretative readings. Mrs. Lyle Telford delighted those present with two songs, charmingly rendered. Madame Edith Stuart. Miss Jessie Belden and Mrs. .Boak, in an instrumental trio of piano, 'cello and violin, effectively interpreted the work of several modern composers. The next meeting of the club will be held Friday evening, the 23rd inst, in the Women's building, 752 Thurlow street, at 8 p.m. An address by Mrs. Edith Fielding on "Walt Whitman—Prophet of the New Democracy," and pianoforte selections from modern composers by Miss Nellie Harrison will be features of the programme. All interested in the objects of the club are, invited to attend. Officers of tho Modern Arts aud Letters Club were eleotod as follows: President, Mr. A. M. Stephen; secretary, Miss D. Halliwell; treasurer, Miss Mildred Teeple; executive, Mrs. Lyle Telford, Mr. Teeple, Dr. Lyle Telford. ELECTION RESULTS Successful Labor Candidates in Burnaby Councillors: C. B. GIBBS H. ENBERG School Trustee: ALFRED SMITH Police Commissioner: H. S. BATE For South Vancouver Councillors: ALEC MACDONALD J. G. SMITH School Trustee: B. E. RIGBY Police Commissioner: W. FORD According to the daily press the cross-words craze is causing much conjugal unrest In TJ. S. One crossword, It appears, leads to another. Balloon tires are easier on pedestrians. EVERY HEADER CAN HELP Every render of Tim Ferlerntlnnlst ran rentier valuable assistance Hy renewing their subscriptions ns soon np (hey are due. and by inducing another worker to subscribe It does not takr much effort to do this. Try It. Businesslike Mass Meeting of Unemployed—Committees Appointed. Some 500 unemployed men held a mass meeting on the Cambie street grounds on Tuesday afternoon. Speakers exhorted the unemployed to organize and not to work tor less than union wages. They declured that any person who worked for less was " 'scabbing' on his wages for next summer," as it would be impossible to bring up the scale again if men worked at $1 and $2 a day now. A resolution demanding the current union rate of wages way presented and carried unanimously. In addition to this a committee was appointed of three to wait on the Trades and Labor council in an effort to gain the co-operation of that body and also to wait upon the relief committee of the city council on Monday to present their demands. The meeting was conducted in business-like manner, and a committee of two was appointed to represent the Vancouver unemployed on the committee of tlie South Vancouver unem ployed. Having obtained permission from the military authorities, meet Ings will be held every Tuesday and Fridny morning in tlie drill hall. Cross-word puzzle: A three-letter word meaning 50 cents worth of material made up Into a $25 feminine head-covering. — Associated Editors, Chicago. The younger generation, the great hope of the labor party, can only bo secured by a combination of cold practical logic and high moral appeal. —Dr. Hugh Dalton, M.P. Four ages of man: Hos-«ed by mother; bossed by sister; bossed by wife; bossed by daughter,—Wooster (Ohio) Daily Record. Workers! Support Your Own Press! START THE YEAR RIGHT 00 FREQUENTLY we hear workers complaining about the injustice of the "daily" or "capitalist" press, and about how unfair it is toward the cause of labor—and yet thay continue to give their hard-earned money to perpetuate that institution. YOUR OWN OPPRESSORS The capitalist press today is thriving on the one and five-cent pieces of thoughtless—or ignorant—workers, while their own press has to struggle against long odds in its efforts to serve them. Why be your own oppressors? Why serve in the ranks of the enemy? THE REMEDY IS SIMPLE If you are desirous of improving your own condition, and that of your fellowmen, then support the press that is honestly endeavoring to fight your battle for you. That is the very least you can do for your own cause. BE A "REAL" BOOSTER FOR LABOR Show your own sincerity of purpose and willingness to serve by subscribing for The Federationist^-the workers' friend. Pass your copy on to some fellow-worker after you have read it. Urge him to subscribe. Help The Federationist in its fight for the emancipation of mankind. The greater our circulation, the more 'effectual will our efforts be. Apathy and indifference on the part of the workers is more to be feared than the antagonism of the forces of reaction. Be true to your cause! Help boost your own press. B. C. FEDERATIONIST Official Organ of the Federated Labor Party WJ. With Handsome Oold Chain As An Appreciation for His Valued Work. Amongst the members of the local Typographical Union are several to whom the following item will be in^ teresting, especially to those who in the past came into contact wilh W. H. Fitch, of the Typographical Association in Kedhill (London), England. His record and success since entering the typographical association is indeed a worthy record, and on Saturday, November IB, 1924, Mr. H. Skinner, secretary of the Typographical Association of England presented him with a handsome solid gold chain, as a mark of appreciation for his valuable services rendered during tho last 24 years. During that time he has served on the city council as alderman and is now a Justice of the peace. He joined the local (Kedhill) branch of the Typographical Association, coming from Hailsham, Sussex, in 1900; eleeted nuditor In 1900; elected branch committeo in 1901; elected vice-president in 1904; elected trustee in 11)07; elected president, 1 (107-1 li; elected branch secretary, 1916-24; elected delegate to group. 1908; elected group committee, 1909- 2*1; elocted group president, tOlfi and 1916. Indeed a worthy record. The presentation tool; plnco at a; smoking concert given in his honor Saturday, November lMh, at the Greyhound hotel, Red hill, Surrey. Mr, Arthur Walker, branch president] being chairman, supported by Mr. H. Skinner, general secrotary of thc Typographical Association of Eng land, and Mr. E. Q. Yatos, J. P., group secretary. Comprehensive Review of Agricultural Conditions Existing in Canada COMPETITIVE SOCIETY Illimitable Aores of Fertile Boils Able to Produce All Our Heeds [Note—Following' fe the fifth of a series of six article! which will appear from time to time in Th* Federationist on the farming situation existing in Canada.—Ed.] ARTICLE V. [By G. F. Stirling.] IN the last article we have stated that the economic troubles of the country are due to our system of distribution. The remedy therefore must lie here. We shall take a common product like apples and trace their movement from the producer to the consumer. We shall take an average retail price to the consumer for an average box of apples at $2.40 per box, and show Just how.this Is made up. The cost of putting the apples on the car figures out at about 60 centa per box. This includes the cost of the box, packing, packing paper, inspection, overhead charges, loading on car. It does not include the cost of production. We shall ignore that for the present, After they are produced therefore it costs 60 cents per box to put the apples on the car at point of shipping. Now 60 cents is onc-<|iiai'ter of $2.40, so one-quarter uf each apple is swallowed up In placing lt on the car. Thc second charge to consider Is the freight rate. The freight on apples by tho carload from Okanagan points to Calgary la 10 cents per box. Again this is one-*|uartcr of $2.40. So we must give another quarter of tho apple to the C. P. H. The retailer on the prairie gets anything from 40 to 76 cents per box, according to the supply and demand and location. If wc take an average of, say, CO cents, we must lay aside another quarter of the apple for the retailer. The wholesaler bofore the forma- , tion of the Associated Growers, was receiving 40 tents per box handling the apples by the carload. Forty Pennsylvania Cares for its Depcndem Children The . Pennsylvania State Department of Welfare lias reeently Issued bulletin showing tlie number of dependent and delinquent children coming under the supervision of public and private agencies and Institutions, These include approximately 21,000 children in Institutions, 8,000 children in foster homes, 16,000 chil dren In families having mothers' assistance, and 32,000 children in families aided by directors of tlie poor. In the next war, If war be declared In the morning, attacking planes will be over the enemy's capital in the afternoon.—Lord Thomson. Capitalism is committing suicide, and the present generation must save it>elf from the results thereof.—Mr. Wheatley, M.P. Anyway, there is some consolation in knowing that it is almost lmpos slide to transmit a crossword puzzle by radio.—Hudson Dispatch. ■•ii" ••■•••• »• ■*••.*••■•■•■■»■•• *■■••< Debate on Unemployment This Evening—Organization Is Making Progress. Judging from the numbers of enquiries received regarding the progress of the .1. L. L„ tliis organization has aroused considerable interest. This (Friday) evening the leaguo lembors will hold a debate on the subject of "Unemployment," Until further notice all meetings f the league will be held at 883 'wentleth Avenue, East. On Friday, January 30, the meeting will lie devoted to liusineHH. The league has arranged for its tial dance fnr Saturday, Fehrunry nt the Elks' hall, Fraser and Forty- ninth Avenue. All youiiK people interested In the lnbor movement should bear these dales in mind. Socretary( Goorge Mitchell; phono Fair. 3320X. He'p the press that's he'pinff vow. The daily, capitalist pross 's no friend of yours, comrade Why help it? cents is one-sixth of $2.40, BO wc must set aside ono-sixtb of each apple fur lhe wholesaler. Thai is to say, eleven twelfths of each apple is swallowed up on its way to the consumer, and only one-twelfth is left. This twelfth represents not only what (he consumer receives, but it also represents what thc producer is paid for. This means thnt the portion of the product which the producer receives value Tor Is so small that his purchasing power is very much limited. His demand ror furniture, and Implements, and clothing, und shoes, and pianos, and books, and every other commodity is limited by this limited roturn, so that those who nre engaged in these different industries are affected Indirectly by this lack of purchasing power. They curtail production, men are pill out of work and the whole social fabric la disorganized. What tikes place with apples takes place with all other commodities of the farm In a lesser or greater degree. Tbe wheat farmer takes his wheat to the elevator and he is docked so much for each loud to nlloi.v for brokon grains, weed Bceds, etc. He receives no payment for this dockage, although tho elevator < ompanlflfl muke tens of thousands of dollars each year by soiling this stuff for feed. The wheat grower is therefore robbed on dockage. Again, be very seldom receives the grade of No. I ror bis wheat. Up 1* .locked a few cents pec bushel on grading, nml thousands of bushels of wheat which is bought as No. 2 or Nit. 8 goos out of the elevators at the hoad of the Oreat Lakes ns Nn. 1. Again, he does not receive the Winnipeg market price less lbe frotght rate from his local point. He is also docked another 9 to I It cents. This is explained to him as covering a possible fall in the market before his wheat gets to Winnipeg. But if there should lie a possible rise In the market during that interval he docs not benefit by it. Again, if be ships by the wagon load be gets n few cents less than if he shipped by the carload. And In dlmllar fashion lo the applegrowef, his product Ifl whittled down until his purchasing power is very muoh limited. Tiie sume thing applies in varying decrees all through Industry. The men working In shoe factories or clothing fnctories create a certain vnluo by their dally labor, and tho portion whicli thoy receive (is wages does not give tbem a greal onough purchasing power. The greater part of Mich" created product \- whittled ' away by tiie circuitous and expensive system of distribution. It does nol maitet whet tier tho commodity lie ji bonk, or clothing, or furniture, or autos. or tobacco, or soap, by far the greater pnrt of the (Continued nn page 31 PAGE TWO SEVENTEENTH YEAR. No. 4 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST TANCOUYBB, B.C. FRIDAY JANUARY 23, T925i Published every Friday by The British Columbia Federationist Bailnens and Editorial Ofllce, 1129 How* St Tbe policy of Tha D. C. Federationist Ib controlled by the editorial board of tha Fed- gratfld Labor Party of British Coluinhia. Subscription Rate: Unltod States aud Foreign, $3.00 per year; Canada. $2.50 poi jvar, $1.60 tor ei* months; to Unions sub- BorlMng in a body, 16c per member per month. The Federationist is ou sale at the foi lowing news stands: VANOOUVER E. J. OALLOWAY. 940 GraiiTilii 8tWftt NELSON'S NEWS STAND 1071 GEMTlllt Stmt P. 0. NEWS STAND 325 QiMVlUt Mnit JOHN GBEEN 295 CturaH SttMt INTERNATIONAL BOOK STORE Oor. HaitlngB and Colombia Avium B.C.E.R. TRAM NEWS - -...Cor. Oarrall and Halting! Straits LOVE'S NEWS STAND 134 Hastingi Straet Salt WALTER GALLOWAY 135 Haatings Street Eatt i'LAOK BLOOK NEWS STAND 163 Hastings Street Weat NEWS STAND Oor. Hastlnga and Abbott Streeta W. II. ARMSTRONG 2102 Main Street BEN TOON'S BOOK SHOP 421 Oranrille BOULT'S BOOK STORE....313"/a Gambia St GEORGIA CONFEOTIONEBY 909 Georgia Street West STRAND CONFECTIONERY 548 Georgia Street PROCHNAU - GATES....169 Broadway Eaat P. TURNER „915 Main Street R. A. WEBSTER .....6993 Fraser Street NORTH VANCOUVER .SHOEMAKER k McLEAN....5 Leisdala ATe. NEW WESTMINSTEB A. MUNGEAM 754 Columbia Street DEPOT NEW STAND Interurban Depet DAN MACKENZIE ....Columbia Street VIOTOBIA GRBENHAUGH NEWS AGENOY Cor. Yates and Government HORSE SHOE STAND.,1223 Government St. W. LEVY 644 Yates Street NANAIMO T. A. BARNARD..... 63 Commercial Street PORT ALBERNI W. H. DENHAM NewB Stand PRINCE GEORGE KARL ANDERSON News Stand VERNON EUGENE BELLEVUE Box 922 ALBERTA VALLEY CONFEOTIONEBY Drumheller ALEXANDER NEWS STAND 204 Eighth Ave. W., Calgary BOSTON HAT WORKS 109 Eighth Ave. W., Oalgary LABOB NEWS 80S Centre stroot, Calgary NATIONAL NEWS 304 First Street W., Calgary STAR SMOKE SHOP 126a Eighth Ave. E., Oalgary UNION OIGAB STAND 810 Second Street £.. and Henry J-'ord, and only Incidentally mo to the wage-slaves. Mrs. Norniantbn is accused of thinking that such men as these multi-millionaires—these industrial barons—help to bring about equal distribution of wealth. But this is impossible when thoir business is primarily to make fortune-—i'or themselves. Perhaps when Mrs. Norman- ton has spent some time studying ..[.millions in America she will change hor mind. Unless she considers ctn- dltions from the window of a fashionable hotel. In that case sho will hardly realize jnst what ih". lot of the machine slaves is, But alter all the greatest slaNes !,re the women, whether their menfolk call themselves good liberals, plain conservatives or radical whether they think in ter . ts socia na of r:.. . Oalgary SASKATCHEWAN LAYCOCK STORES LTD Swilt Current SEATTLE, WASH. ECKKART NEWS STOBE -Seattle FRIDAY JANUARY ^3, 1925 election mosi i/rs /"JNCJi again tlie lubor movement has mndo itself felt. Trite, tho results are not what we would have thom to be. They rarely are. We must not Jay all tbe blame upon the eleetors either. We must, at thoso times, learn to take slock of ourselves. Wo must confess, and it is with no small degree of reluctance that wo do it, tlmt some of our candidates wandered far afield during the campaign. Some of tliem, it would appear, seem lo think that they can operate the present economic system to advantage. Perhaps they can, but we are certain that they cannot do it to the advantage of tho masses, and ft is with tiie best interests of the masses that we should concern ourselves—nothing less. We felt It our duty to draw to tho attention of our renders where some •bt the labor candidates Were fulling down in Vancouver during the recent civic elections. Wc feel that we imiftl say that some of our own F.L.P. candidates erred in a somewhat similar manner. Surely they do not think that they can ever hope lo Operate tills present competitive economic system, and mnke any more 8Ucoons of it than have those who liavo been in charge for nges past. It can't ha done. The system must be ■changed. It Is the duty of all labor candidates to bring about that ohange as soon as it la humanly pos- wbit- to do it. That should be their mowed purpose in polities. To th nk of doing otherwise Is simply wasting their own time and thn ol their followers, To think that tlie solution lies in imore efficient water works, decreased taxation and a myriad of c ther lines is utter piffle. We hope lhat a lesson may have beon learnt in this eleetion that will prevent a iv [Million of simitar spectacle when another election comes about, Candidates should be, and must be, If lho lnbor movement Is to be worth While', chosen on their merits anil their knowledge of what labor stands for. Mistakes are to lie pardoned, but lb:ir repetition In inexcusable. history or uf tho bread and butte Ijuesticn. At least it is so in (li majority of cases. Hence we fail to _tee just how money can em.unclpa.to woman. And if she is going to wait until lhe day of equality of wealth, ho will wait a long time. No, woman's freedom doesn't depend on pounds, shillings and pence, or even dollars and cents. It depends on her own attitude and her own knowledge. And go for that reason we would suggest as the solution of (be problem—uot the creation of womon millionaires or m ill (.I-million- Ires. For we fear these latter would be, if anything, even more efficient than the other species, lint rather the right sort of education—an. education freed from lhe bigotries and superstitions and wilful ignorances that characterize education today. And in their place as far as the idults nre concerned, a knowledge of '■'line sex-hygiene and birth control. And instead of setting beforc them the road to heaven as per Henry Ford, we would introduce them to the thoughts, the very simple and veryday thoughts of some of our dentists, that Is those who haven't tbelr heads in the cloudy (studying Mars) but those who can tell if something useful. But even Helen lists are scarce and their work Is carefully censcred when they give us scientific science about the thin that matter.* On Monday evening last there was bold in the Native Sons of Canada hall a rather representative gather ing of mon and women for the pur pose of dealing with, whnt many chose to call, "the Oriental menace.' Thore were many and varied suggestions made as to how to deal with lhe problem, but few there were who faced the real facts of tho situation. Time and space will not permit our going into details, which we feel that our readers should know. However. in next week's issue we hope to _ some of these interesting details lo tho public. Certainly they will not be given by the daily pross. We hope too, to be able to give our readers some interesting data on, what appears to us lo be, another huge swindle about to t.e foisted upon the public. We have gathered what feel is some rather interesting data regarding thfs little game. This too, we will deal with In next week's issue. tiik rig EMANCIPATION OF WOMAN VY/i'. hope Mrs, Helena, Normanton'i suylngs' are mlsrepovts. Olher Wise we shall be forced to lament uno moro mind gone to the dogs; more good brains run in seed. Alio Is reported to linvo Bald (or wns sho Just laughing at American Worship or the dollnr) that a woman Rockefeller or Ford will do emancipate womon than ii pro<ldont or a woman prime i Bui what have Uockefelter ;. done but help to scrape i bands of a little clique thn Uelo had man; " the) »s to the 'principle* ibo ihey Pnid In bettor dividend profitable le i if th": woman blister. 1 Ford to tho Wll I'll ,• hnve [Note—As many enquiries reach this ofllce from time to time, tho editor will reserve space to deal with such matters, under tho above heading. Communications addressed to "Notes and Queries Editor" will be handled as quickly as space permits. —Ed.] W. R. ROSS— (a) The funded debt of the province of British Columbia is given as $(15,851,436.00, and the municipal debt as .$98,761,020.00. These figures are for the year ended 1022, the latest available; those for 1928 are now in course of preparation. (b) The official census of 192) gives population figures of 8,788,4SM. Further particulars you ask ror will bo embodied in an nrtiele in a future Issue. J. BAILEY.—A writer in (.ne of the Socialist papera says recently: "Wo shall not get Socialism by a trick, nor by a polltclnl accident, nor by brute force. We shall only get Socialism by convincing the majority f the pooplo that Socialism Is right, and that the wny to get ii Ih through legislative majorities and administrative majorities.*' To do this is cur work. Lot us get on with the work by every means ln our power—organize, educate, make free use of propaganda nnd slrlve for a powerful proSfl all through the Dominion. T. S. scott.—The labour situation in Japan Is luid, In fact conditions, Which we have recently hail described and which wo httVo every reason to hei lovo to be reliable, picture sad and revolting surroundings ror the workers. We shull have more to say on this mutter. K. CLARKE.—-The action or lbe French govern m aril ago ■ nst I ba noz, the Spanl h author and socinlist, Is Inexplicable! we awoii European panels to hoar more fully on this. Wc only hope that no accident (!) may nive him over lo the tender merclec of the Spanish govorniuoht. MRS. FERGUSON.—Tho union.-n- tto British peoplo hav- one combine ■among very many -which fusts hem dear enough- ment. Dotnlla nf ho iniquitous workings of the vor* •nm interests controlled hy this com- [Nemesis] * TN THE history of our solar system, as presented to us by our scientific men and philosophers, wo find a story of absorbing interest, one which inspires tlio imagination and supplies tho matorial for endless speculative thought. That story carries us back to the time when' our system was a formless, attenuated mist of iprotylo, suspended in the boundless depths of space, apparently in a state of meaningless chaos, but in reality possessing force, energy and eternal law, potential causes, which were destined to shape lt into its present forms and establish the final mystery and ultimate meaning, conscious life; for all the solar (systems of the universe that imagination stretched to Ils utmost can cull Into being, would be dark and meaningless chaos without thai final expression of the eternal Mind. The story of thnt slow growth through the passing ages, from the simple to the complex, from seeming chaos to perfect order, We must accept, on tlie whole, as presenting a true picture of past happenings, in spite of many gaps and many missing links in the chain, for It is a story which accords with the Imagination and with reason, whieh properly applied, are our surest guides in our search into the mysteries. Our senses present but faint and feeble conceptions of the things around us, and are reliable only as they act as servants to-those surer guides. The marvellous story of the history of our earth, whicli the genius of our race has producod, has proved of immense value to all of us, inasmuch as it has shown beyond any shadow of doubt that creation has been a process of the working of natural law guided by the Supreme Intelligence, und lias enabled man to think in precise and logical terms of himself and of the things which exist around him with the ambition to hold on to the realities in the molding of his future destiny and to cast aside as wasted effort the present chaotic and selfish struggle for a mere existence. Turning from this enthralling picture of organic and inorganic evolution with its slow shaping ever to more complex forms and orderly arrangement, to the chaotic conditions produced by man on earth in his economic activities, at first sight, we begin t0 wonder if there be not a break here In the working of the everlasting laws; but a little consideration will show that such is not the case. The science of embryology suggests to us that many forms of adult life were required ere the production of man in his present form; and, therefore, that an incalculably long period of time was necessary before the final result was obtained. Though undoubtedly the germs of the moral and mental man were implanted in the primal speck of pulsating life, their final development had necessarily to lie dormant through those long unrecorded ages till the animal man was completed; so that those comparatively newer qualities have not yet reached their maturity, and man stands today physically grown up and mentally and morally fn his infancy. While recognizing, to a greater extent, the existence of the physical laws and the necessity of obeying them for his physical advantage, because of his longer physical existence and experience, he has not yet arrived at a stage of dean recognition of the equally eternal moral and mental laws, to which he will one day conform in his search for the true meaning of his existence. .lust as the science of embryology shows tho stages of development of physical man through the ages, so the science of child psychology, from birth to adolescence, reveals his slow development from the mere physical to the yot immature moral and mental state in which he now stands. In this we find the explanation of tho chaotic state of world conditions today. As physical disease is an abnormality, caused by the breaking of the physical laws, so the mental unrest and misery, which prevails the world over, are caused by ihe ignoring through greed and ignorance of the equally eternal and equally unbreakable mental and moral laws. Hauuily. nature herself contains and offers to mankind the panacea for all its miseries, physical and mental, but this panacea is only to bo gained by a recognition and obeying of ber eternal and Immutable laws. Even a cursory glance thrown over the pnst history of man reveals ihe fact, that a blind, unreasoning struggle for material things has always the hounds and siding with the hare, have had the the long run- aPsts i ptogge In Co No id.i PARKER, Replies he antler Bo- watching 111-.U, and notify tho post oiTlee as phono* yonr address, existed and seems at the present time to be intensifying in Its savagery, and bringing nearer the inevitable climax. There Is no plan, no law, in this chaotic and unnecessarily voro struggle for existence; because It began when man was a mere utiv nge, with Utile reason, and quite Jm moral and, thereforo, Is purely nnd simply a production of savagery; and without any mincing of the truth in this matter, ll Is quite true to assert that those who have won in this chaotic struggle, tbe earth-owners and earth-rulers, are, In spite of their skin-deep veneer, their trumpery trappings ami their moral frot hi- ness, mere primeval and undeveloped savages, who recognize no moral law, and whose thoughts and ambitions have no wider range than the space cnnf'n-nri to their own skins, As o result of Ibis disregard nf law, whnt do we find? The inevitable reaction Intenplfylng with every decade and now fast approaching iis climax. H wo look around us we seo a prolific earth; rich soils, fertilizing waters, life-giving sunshine; mountains and valleys with their inexhaustible treasure troves; greenery prevailing; law and order ruling over all; a state of things suggesting, surely, comfort, happiness and peace. Rut in man's activities we see no law nor order, no plan of operations, no moral perception; merely a chaotic and selfish struggle to despoil the earth and possess its treasures and, as a result, the repulsive spectacle of riches and poverty, gluttony and abject want; disease over tightening its hold upon thc masses; greed aud savagery dally strengthening their strongholds; frequent wars gaining In ferocity and destructivenoss, ami chaos approaching with accelerating speed. Casually considered, all seems hopeless, yet down the centuries a beacon light has twinkled through tho gloom, and suggested a message of hope to lhe distracted nations. A genius Is a man who sees and expresses the eternnl truths, and from Christ, the greatest of all geniuses, down through the whole bright list, that message of hope is presented in one form or another in all their works. They have caught the message from the eternnl, and flashed It over tlie hitherto disregarding earth time after time; and now there are many who in silence are pondering its moaning and recognizing that in that genius-flashed message lies the only remedy that can cure the ills of the flesh and the distresses of man's mental and moral being. In those silent, pondering many lies the hope for our poor, suffering, nerve-wracked world, for action must spring from tlieir pondering as inevitably as day fellows the dawn. All will have noticed in the works of those men of genius that, while some have written down morely in abstract the cause of our failure as a race to find poace and happiness, others, like Sir Thomas More, have outlined plans, by which we eould find surcease from our unnecessary, sordid struggle, and take up our dovelopment to tho higher plane in real earnest. All their ideas have been sneorod at as Utopian impossibilities New ideas have always been sneered at, and truths obscured in the inter ests of greed and selfishness. Those concrete plans were only outlined as examples, containing the necessary principle to ensure success, and not intended as hard and fast methods, which only experience and practice can formulate. Up to the present, Justice has remained as a dream in tlie affairs of men, like thp heaven of the churches, something to be obtained elsewhere, j but not on earth. Yet, if over peace and contentment nre to be experienced here on earth, that same dream of Justice materialized into deeds, must rule in all its glory here on earth. This rule of Justice Is imperative if peace is ever to reign; for Justice, Love and Altruism are synonymous terms, Inseparable, as one cannot on- crate in lis completeness without the others, and those three-in-one constitute the great moral law of the uni verse, and that must be our guide in formulating the orderly social system which must soon replace our present chaos. As law governs the orderly processes of the countless solar systems in our Cosmos, from their movements aH a whole through the limitless spaco to the pulsing of tho electrons in the smallest atom, so this great fundamental moral law must control the affairs of men, or peace and con tentment can never replace our present deplorable and Immoral conditions. There is no other alternative. This is final truth, unalterable as are ail the eternal realities. We must conform to the laws of nature, physical, mental nnd moral or ultimately perish In our Ignorance and sorrow. The Labor party of Britain formulated a system in the autumn of 1923 called the "socialist programme," which J presume was meant to be a preparation, with the materials at band, for the true socialist kingdom. It dealt with such matters as unemployment, education, agriculture, bousing, management of industry, banking and credit, taxation, international affairs and municipal policy. As a first step In the right direction, we can congratulate the workers of Oreat Britain upon It; but how far the Institutions of capitalism may be carried advantageously into the new world of thought and endeavor remains to be seen. Some undoubtedly will have to bo absolutely discarded, and all others considerably modified, till such time ns new institutions grow naturally out of new conditions. We can only think of the unknown in torms of the known; hence our God Is an nnthropomor phlc being, our heaven a glorified "golden" earth. The duty which lies before us 1 lo establish the altruistic law, and in accordance with that law all its institutions will naturally and vlgoi ously spring from the new soil. To-day the world of .men is humming with ii new-born hopo, fnr they are beginning to recognize the existence of law, and thnt they must anchor their hopes nnd operations upon its sure foundation in the cer tain knowledge that the house Ihey build will stand safe and unshakc- ablo through the nges. The earth rulers are filled with rent- and bewilderment and enst about blindly for remedies for the evils tn which thoy can no longor shut Iheir eyes, but they can find no remedies, Many labor fakirs are running with pocketing meanwhile their ill-gotten fees, posing and preaching but doing nothing to hasten forward the better day. In the near future, all labor leaders must be closely watched as attempts may be made to establish another pseudo-civilization in the interests of a few as false and as cruel as our own, True leaders there must be, and will be, men of genius with vision lo discern the realities, and to discard the surplus; and these will preach ti true kingdom of altruism to be founded on the eternal law of the universe. AVhen they succeed, as they ultimately will, thoy will have found a kingdom whoso foundations will be laid on tbe abiding rock that shall not as all former earthly kingdoms, rise and fall and leave man where Ihey found him, in the mud: a king dom that shall reverse the order of things ns wo know them; in which the material shall bo subject lo the spiritual! good will predominate over evil and Justice, Liberty and Love will hold undisputed sway, as they were pre-destined to do, ere yet the prima!, formless mist of our universe began to pulse in unison with the eternal Will. This will be the fulfillment of the Law. ....... -"ETHEL" TT is of more than passing Interest to the Labor movement to note with what gallantry the editor of a local dally comes to the defense of Mrs. Snowden because Miss Ellen Wilkinson, M.P., has presumed to call her by her first name, "Ethel," a thing she has done a thousand times before (without raising the wind) and he goes on to assert this as evidence of "dirty work afoot in the British labor party." The moral of the Brjtlsh labor party in other words is declining because Mrs. Snowden was called by her name instead of "ibe right Honorable" or wife of the right honorable. The British labor party is now so old and so powerful that onc would have thought ere this, that even editors of the capitalist press would have gained a little intelligence on the subject, or would havo had sufficient self-respect not to have laid himself and his master's press open to the contempt and ridicule which his editorial merits. The British labor party would indeed be a ridiculous organization if its strength rested upon the absurd conventionalities of a dying system. If the prefix Mrs., Miss, Mr. or Tho Right Honorable when referring to cerlain Individuals was a proof of its morality and idealism or the leaving off of the prefix a sign of Its decadence, an'd "dirty work afoot." When during the war Mrs. Snowden took her stand against it, was hooted, jeered, aud almost mobbed. This same capitalist press which now flatters aad uses her because it suits its purposes, referred lo hei" in names and terms much less dignified than "Ethel," and made It very plain what punishment her kind of patriot deserved. We wonder where the Editor in question was during these troublesome times aad if lie would have flown to her defense. We venture to suggest he would most likely have been heaping coals of fire on tho dear lady's head, and probing out the pro-Hun dirty work she was supposed to be engaged in; the job would be safe and the pay good. This is one reason why those within the labor movement, not only in England but elsewhere, find the employment of Mrs. Snowdon by organizations financed by capitalists and her laudation by their press to say the least, highly significant. Miss Wilkinson is correct when she states that Mrs. Snowdon has little standing within the labor party nnd from now on will have less. We doubt if even the Bourgeois or- ganlzutlons would use her If lt was not for the fact of her husband's position with Labor, and this fact is not, as the Indignant editor suggests, becuuse Mrs. Snowdon has "shaken hands with the king" but because she shakes hands too often with the "Mammon King" whom her husband Is pledged to dethrone. Mrs. Snowdon is known nil over England "Ethel Snowdon." The nnme was given to her when, like most of us, her opinion wasn't sought nnd apparently the lady herself is satisfied with It or she would have petitioned lhe king to have it changed, but when her name is mentioned Inside lbr labor or co-operative movements It Is spoken of, not with the tone of confidence, gratitude and affection ns is the case when the names ot Maggie Bond field, Mary MeArthur, Susan Lawrence, or even Ellen Wilkinson, are mentioned. Therein lies (he difference, and no one knows It bettor than Mrs. Snowdon herself. Wc would also humbly suggest to tiie editor to pay a little more atten lion to Miss Wilkinson's warning, not thui there Is n great mass of womsn in the country who are determined that the labor party Bhall stand for the ending ot all the show and theatrical glitter which I saw at the openl»g of parliaments, Tho Britishers, men nnd women in all ranks are neither afraid nor ashamed to discuss ibis cpiestion in side or outside of parliament, nor to nir tbeir opinions nnd beliefs from preys or platform. When Mr. MacDonald became opposition loader he drew a lurid picture or the pageantry, exlrnvngance, pomp and ceremony on the one side, nnd of the squalor, filth, rags, rot- Who Is Responsible? (■.•■■•■■•■•••.•.••■••■■i"»"»..# •••»•.••.. •-••'-*«*••>•"••>•"•"•.••- rriEN YEARS AGO, when hell broke loose In Western Europe, the people of this country were substantially agreed as to who had caused It. It was the kaiser, der schovclorhund! Tho bloody German Kaiser! Had not he and bis devil's brood of misbegotten simian Huns violated Belgium gallant little Belgium that had carried Christ's cross to the Congo for the grand old Catholic Idea of Universal Brotherhood. The world was guiltless. The world hud been unprepared for war. The storm had bur__. with cataclysmic fury oa a world innocent of evil as a Paschal lamb, a pious, otherworldly world that drowsed over tbo Sermon on the Mount nnd sang sleepy hosannas to the Prince of Reaec. There was a gnat In the thunder storm, it Is true. If ono listened In tenlly a still, small vole? could ii heard breathing pianissimo that the war was a Capitalistic war and that lho blood-guilt of the Kaiser was no deeper than lhat of any other shining egotism in Europe. When the war had been won, when Civilization had been saved and Democracy pickled, that Is to say preserved, there wore some rare monkey- shines on earth. In Heaven the Angel throng burst into song and struck their harps of gold. And then, quite suddenly, the Apostle of glorified use- lessness had a culture spasm. They began to glorify knowledge of colour. Books were printed, Many books. Black books, blue books, yellow, grey and green books. Rooks of every hue and shade from infra-red to ultraviolet. The purpose of each particular book was, of course, to acquit somebody of blood-guilt nnd to in criminate somebody else, The scheme worked well. Let us admit It. The apostles of uselessness demonstrated to their own satisfaction and to the satisfaction of their, dupes that body was to blame. Nobody at The war was one of those happenings that are too tremendously catastrophic to be blamed onto mero motes dancing In tbe sunbeam. It was the ood God Himself who had been at null. Tlte war was simply a regrettable aberration on the part -of an otherwise all-loving Heavenly Father. In the meantime, however, the still, small voice had been increasing in volume. Today in all lands millions of workers who do not lake their opinions ready-made from their mnsters are declaring that the war was a capitalists' war, that the peace is a apilalists' peace, and that for each one of the evils which nt presont afflict sad, civilized humanity, the cap- Store Opens at 9 a.m. and Closes at fl p.m. THE Pre - Inventory Clearance Sales of Women's Dresses and Coats provides an opportunity to attend to your requirements at greatly reduced prices. Como and view tho assortments on the Third Floor and in lhe Downstairs Shop. 575 Granville Street I'hone Seymour 35J0 ten ess and besotted ness on the other almost touching shoulders, and stated this was one of the things thut labor was out to end, and mnke no mistake about it, the feeling that such show, and pageantry is out of place face of such abject messing on all sides is growing and somo day when, least expected may bring forth a different slate of society. But we would assure the editor lest he take fright and run to a mad houso for security, that it will not be a "march of misguided men under the red rag decorated with the golden sickle and hammer to the destruction of civilization" but the march of intelligent men and women determined to take over and run society for the good of all ere civilization destroys them. We would also remind him that there has been no march of misguided mon carrying tho red rag decorated with sickle and shield through Europe—London, Blrmlng- hum, Glasgow, or Liverpool—yet Europe dies almost prostrate and millions are at the point of starvation In the Industrial centres In Great Britain, and are forced to emigrate or live a life of semi-starvation as paupers and part-timers. Who are the destroyers? italist class Is directly responsible. The capitalists own and control all governments, those workers point out. They make, Interpret and administer *] all laws. They own and control all tho schools, universities and churches, and almost all the newspapers, In I fact, everything on earth reeks of their rule. Everything, from the t Liquor Board to the Blind Pig, from I the Hotel Vancouver to the Garbage Wagon. Having mado it abundantly plain that he is not to blame for anything, the class - conscious worker brings a sigh of relief up out of deep j soundings nnd goes to a baseball match. It is the opinion of the writer, however, that no matter how heretical it may sound, tbo full responsibility for war, poverty, unemployment and all those other evils of modern society rests with tlie working class, and no- , where else. Let us reason it out together. Responsibility means literally a respond- j lug to. In our efforts to procure whnt we like and to prevent what we dls- : like, our first slop must ever bo ono of fixing responsibility. Wo must , find tbo man who will "respond," In I declaring that the capitalistic elass Is | responsible for war, unemployment, otc, the worker makes two postulates. In the first place, he postulates that the capitalistic class has the power J to prevent such things; in the second, that the capitalistic class may be induced to prevent such things. Now, war, unemployment, etc., are phenom- i ena Inseparable from modern capitalism. In order to do away with such phenomena we must first do away i, with capitalism. But the capitalistic class cannot do away with capitalism, and, such being tho case, the capitalistic class Is not responsible for the evils of capitalism. Those responsible for war, unemployment, etc,, are, of course, the workers. They have the power to sweep capitalism from off tho faco of this earth forever, and such, Indeed, is the roason for wliich the working class has been evolved. Let us, therefore, get the idea firm Into our minds, not thnt the capitalists are responsible for this, that and tbe other thing, but tbey are purely and simply a group of irresponsible social parasites. SPECIAL 10-DAY SELLING EVENT AT "FAMOUS" IP YOU have bptm waiting fur pricos to touch bottom, NOW Ih your time to buy. All our Ladle.*' Coats, Suits, DrcsNch nnd Skirts nro drnsticnlly reduced for tlds specinl 10-dny drive to effect ii complete clearance. NOW is lhe timo to buy I Famous SSfoli 619*623 Hunting! Street Weat Vancouver Tarkish Bathi Will Cute Tour Rheumatism, Lumbago, Neuritis or Bad Oold Massage a Specialty PACIFIC 111 11,1)1 N(, 711 Hastings St. W. Phone Be,. 2070 What about youi* neighbor's sub- icrlption ? Phone Seymoar 2364 DR. W. J. CURRY DENTIST SUITE 301, DOMINION BIOLDINa VANCOUVER. B. fl. When a Telephone Is to Be Moved W. E would appreciate it if thc subscriber would give us as mucri notice as possible. B. 0. TELEPHONE OOMPANT. FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST 1160 Oeorgia Street Sanday eerrleet, 11 a.m. and 7:80 p.m. Snnday school immediately foltowim morning aerrloe, Wednesday testimonial KS?'__!' _? . pm' rrM reading room 001*908 Birks Bldg. Bird, Macdonald & Co. I BABBISIEBI, S0LI0ITOBS. BTO. 401-408 Metropolitan Building 837 Hasting! St. W. VANCOUVER, B. 0. Telephones: Seymour 6666 and 1667 WHKN IN TOWN STOP AT The Oliver Rooms 48 H CORDOVA STREET EAST Everything Modern Ratea Reasonable BANKING SERVICE THE UNION BANK OP CANADA, with its chain of branches across Canada, and its foreign connections, offers complete facilities for taking care of the banking requirements of its customers, both at home and abroad. Established 00 Years FRIDAY JANUARY 23, 1926 seventeenth year. no. _ BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST Vancouver, b.c. PAGE THREE MUSICIANS' UNION LABEL l/ENl) VOUI. PATRONAGE TO THE MUSICIANS' LABEL. Premier Wellington COAL 1500 lbs. lump, $9.50 1500 lbs. CKS $9.25 j. d. mcneill coal oo. ltd 234 ABBOTT ST. Soy. 4288 San Carlo (ir.in.l opera Co in puny Now Enjoying Its Greatest Season, Never beforo in the history ol' grand opera in this country bus sueh an aggregation uf artists, numerous productions, efficient chorus and orchestra been taken from coa.«t to coast, year after year, ho consistently and so satisfactorily as the San Carlo Grand Opera Company, which Fortune Gnllo will present at the Orpheum theatre under the management of the Blwyn Concert Bureau, three days beginning January 26. This company played to request performances in Memphis making a special trip to that .city to appear at the dedication of the big $2,000,000 Auditorium in lhat city. So the San Carlo Grand opera Company will return to us greater than ever. Among those to appear here are, Mines. Anne Itoselle. Alice Gentle, Josephine Lucchess. Blanca Snroyu, Mary Kent, Stella De Melte, and Messrs. Demetrio Onofrei, Manuel Salazar, Gaetano Tommaslnli Mario Vallo, Pietro He Biasl, Natale Cervi, Francesco Curcl and Fiilgenxin Guerrlerl, conductor, With Its notable artists, the qual ity or the productions, it- dramatic unity, the choral and orchestral sembles—all have contributed to tlie wide-spread reputation attained hy this nationally-famed organization. Workers9 Condition Challenge to Society Problem of Unemployment and the] Machine Is More Than One of Mathematics Unique Vaudeville at the Orpheum Signor Friscoe, whom vaudeville has heretofore known as a "single," has. surrounded himself this season with a native Guatemalan marimba orchestra of seven men. They were discovered by him In the city of Guatemala, in Central America. At the Orpheum January 2fl, 30 and SI they give a melodious demonstration of the ppsslbiiilies of tbe marimba. Another of the big novelties on this week's bill will be ihe Wright Dancers, who have evolved a unique trip and exploit ln terpslohore called "A Dance Voyage," directed by Dexter M, Wright. Jean Boydeli presents "Tho Unique penologist." Miss Boy- dell Is a combination of Charlotte Greenwood and Une Samuels with plenty of herself thrown ln. Eileen Van Blene and Bichard Ford, musical comedy favorites, offer "Romance and Crinoline," a pretty musical act, "Character interpretations." in song, dance and patter, is the title of the act presented by Joe Weston and Grace Kline. Harry Breen Is back again with a new act. Howard's ponies, a clever and amusing pony act, particularly appealing to the children, Aesop's Fables, Topics of the Day, and the Orpheum concert orchestra completes a bright and unusual vaudeville bill. When through with thia paper, pass tt on. Phone Sey. l19B- «* OAERALL ST. G. S. MASON & CO. EiUblinhed 1888 A FAOTOBT POE REPAIRING HIGH- GRADE WATCHES, CLOCKS, OHROMOMETBBS AND JEWELRY Eyes Teited *nd Glasses Fitted by roistered Optometrist Vancouver Unions ALMED PRINTING TRADES COUNCIL— Meeti second Monday in the month. Pro- •lilirnt, J, R. Whit*; secretary. B. H. NkbI- dihIr V O. Hns fifi. FEDERATED LABOR PARTY, Room 111— 319 Ponder St. Wost—Business meetings evtry Wednesday evening. A. Haelnuls, chairman; E. H. Morrison, aec-tri'M.; Geo. P. Harrison, 1182 Parker Street, Vancourer. B. C, corresponding secretary. Any district In British Colombia desiring information re securing speakers or the for matlon of local branches, kindly communicate with provincial Seoretary J. Lyle Telford, 524 Birks Bldg.. Vancouver, B. C. Tele- phone Si'ymour 1382, or Bayvlew 5520. BAKERY SALESMEN, LOCAL 871—Uleett second Thursday every month In Holdon Building. President, J. Brtghtwell; flnanelal secretary, H. A. Bowron, 929—llth Avenne Cast. INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OP Boili'i-makers, Iron Shipbuilders and Help- era nf America. Local 194—Meetings flrst and third Mondays in each month In Holden Building. President, P. Willis; seoretary, A. Frnser. Office hours, 9 to 11 a.m. and 8 to 6 p.m. CIVIC EMPLOYEES UNION—Meets flrst and third Fridays In each month, at 445 KichardH Street. President, David CntMil, 2852 Albert Street; secretary-treasurer, Geo. Harrison, 1182 Parker Street. ENGINEERS — INTERNATIONAL UNION uf Steam and Operating, Local 882— Meets every Wednesday nt 8 p.m., Room 606 Holden Bldg. President, Charles Price; business agent and financial secretary, F. L. Hunt; recording seeretary, J. T. Venn. MUSICIANS' MUTUAL PROTECTIVE UNION, Local 145, A. P. of M.—MeeU In G.W.V.A. Auditorium, 901 Dunsmuir Street, seoond Sunday at 10 a.m. President, E. O. MUler, 991 Nelson Stroet; secretary, E. A. Jamieson, 991 Nelson Street; finanoial seeretary, W, E. WllUaroe, 991 Nelson Street; organiser, F. Fletcher, 991 Nelson Street. THE VANCOUVER THEATRICAL FEDERATION— Heats at 1)91 NeKon Street, at 11 a.m. on the Tuesday preceding the 1st Snnday of the month. President, Harry Pearson, 991 Nolson Stroet; Secretary, E. A. Jamieson. 991 Nelson Street; Business Agent, F. pi.-Tfln-r gOJ__VejBtm_-gt. TYPO GRAPHICAL UNION, No. 228—Prosi- m dent, R. P. Pettipiece; vice-president. 0. li F. Campbell; iccretary-treasuror, R. U, Nee* I' lands, P. O. Box 88. Meets last tiunday of each month at 2 p.m. In Holden Building, 18 Hastings Street Hast. .. PRINOK "RUPERT TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION. No. -il!)—President, H. D. Wau- donald, secretary-treasurer, .1. M. Campbell, P. O. Bo* 8H9. Meets last Thursday of eaul. month [By J. A. MacDonald.] < ARTICLE III. Tho Industrial devolution of the Lust Hundred Years 'The rapid and continuous growth of the machine ls at once the outward visible sign and the material agent of the great revolution which has changed the whole face of the Industrial world during the last century."—John A. Hobson. YVTIilTJJUtS call the last hundred years the century of t»* *-■ revolution. While it is true that some of the changes of the last hundred years were in embryo in the latter end of the century that preceded, and looking backwards can be clearly noticed as early as 1760, yet those developments which dwarf the previous industrial evolution of mankind are considered to have their beginning between the years of 1820 and 1830, when the industrial importance of science and invention was first fully recognized, and the use of the machine had left the realm of thought for that of appllctaion. During the half million years that man had been on this planet prior to the last hundred years, the development of man had been in the change, improvement, and extension of the tools used by the barbarians- But since the second decade of the last century the revolution from the tool to the mnchfne has been going on with accelerated pace, a nd is more manifest now than ever before. This revolution represents a change greater thnn anything that has occurred since man came down from the tree.-* and began his struggle against a hostile nature for food, for clothing nnd for shelter. Tbere was less change from the stone axe of the barbarian to the tools of one hundred years ago. than there is between these and the gigantic mnehine.s of the present time. There was less change from the crooked stick of tlie primitive half- man in the jungle nnd the sickle, cradle and fanning mil! than there was from these to lhe gasoline tractor, the threshing machine and the combined harvester, although agriculture, from its very nature, is the least developed of all the means of life. There wns less change from the savage with his stone axe and live coals from his fire burning down n tree to the hand logging, tho cutting of these logs into boards with the pit sow or the wheezy water-mill, than there is between these and tlie ''flying machine" carrying the logs; under the impulse of steam on overhead wires to tho landing, or the steam loader lifting these logs as if they wero toothpicks onto the cars, and the modern sawmill with a capacity of n million feet a day, with its gang saws travelling at railway speed through the logs, turning them with steam niggers, and automatically throwing boards In a continual stream on live rollers to carry them to planers, edgers and other machinery which now does with a whin the work that took long hours of the time of the skilled craftsman with the hand tool. During the pnst one hundred years man has Increased his powers and multiplied his possibilities many fold. The hand of man, with the mechanical development of the last century has extended itself until It reaches ncross the continents. It has been supplemented with machines that multlplie its powers sometimes a mll- lionfold. The human hand, the most wonderful instrument In all nature, hns been developed into cranes that lift a hundred tons as a child might lift a pebble; into shovels that lift two yards of rock or earth faster than the man of one hundred years ago could lift a shovelful; Into hammers that hit with a force of fifty tons faster than the man of one hundred years ago could swing a sledge. Man came out of the trees with but one means of locomotion—his legs— which were weak in comparison with those of many of the other animals. During his half million years, previous to the last one hundred, he had improved on this by the domestication cf the ox and the horse, by the stage coach and the building of roads. This was progress, but how small It was In comparison with the seven-leagued hoots of steam, electricity and the internal explosion engine! Tiie hand, man's primitive implement of labor, and the feet, man's primitive means of locomotion, have extended themselves into the locomotive, whieh F. Paul Goode has computed Is able to do in a day an nmount of Work that is equivalent to the combined efforts of one million workers—a computation wh^ch must now he further extended due to the substitution of elecfleity for steam in this realm of transportation. Man's hands and feet have grown into the airship, on pinions of gnsoline defying the elements ns lis rnces the sun across the heavens. They have become, through the mn;,-ic nf the machine, a world force that reclaims the deserts; that burrows under mountains, rivers and cities with now irterle-- of trade; bridges great streamfl with njry fabrications of steel: goes down into the vitals of the earth, there pressing water and air lo do Its bidding, to bring It* riches to the surfuce; Harnesses ihe fume and fury of Niagaras Into Hirh'- inc cities and Lum In? the v.hoels of Industries hundreds of miles away. The voice of man, once lost in the dimness of the jungles, Its gibberlPG echoes awed into silence in the caves, through the magic of the radio, the telephone, the telegraph and the printing press, conquers time and annihilates space. That evanescent voice, once the emblem of nil that was transitory, Is now made permanent, as permanent as any of tho creations of man. It is embalmed on n disc for all the future, with not an accent changed, not an inflection lost. And all of these, with the exception of the printing press, aro the products of the last one hundred years. And cnn not the printing press ns we know it todny nlso be considered the product of the wonder century? Is It not true that the steps from the first articulation of words by the ape-men in the jungles to tho hand letting with the crude type cf one hundred years ago, when the best printing press in the world, that owned by the "London Times," was able to turn out 550 copies of a four-page paper an hour, were small in comparison with the development from that method of printing to the printing press of the present time which rains 260,000 copies of n sixteen-page paper in two color.", folded and counted, on the conveyors to the mailing room? The monotype, the linotype, engraving with sensitized plates through machinery and acids, the printing from type that never touches paper, are a greater revolution in this means of human communication than all that occurred in the previous history of mankind. From the time when the first savage burned out the inside of a tree Into a canoe to the beginning of the century of the Industrial Revolution, water transportation had developed the wooden s-hip, depending on the winds and tides, weathering the storms of Tferra del Fuego and the Cape of Good Hope, Instead of cutting out the voyage around a continent through Pannma and Suez. Then less than one hundred years ago, the hand of labor, armed with the machine, took hold of this means of transportation. Now ocean greyhounds, under tlie tireless urge of steam, electricity or gasoline, carry pnssongers Into the teeth of the wind, whilo from their squat stacks they belch smoke In their victorious de fiance of the elements. It is les^ than one hundred years since the first steamship crossed the Atlantic, yet today ocean warehouses ply the channels of trade, equipped with all the labor-saving accessories of steam, electricity and hydraulics, undreamed of onc hundred year sago. Lighthouses of concrete flash their beacons, while machines can tell them their location as unerringly as ilie landsman Can tell where he is from thc street signs. Recently a ship crossed the Atlantic with no helmsman nl tht) wheel. Steering the ship was a mightier one than nny quartermaster, with hands tlmt arc tireless and eyes that are unblinking—electricity. Sailors call this new machine the "Metal Mike," but it could be well named "Industrial Revolution." One hundred years ago ships were made of wood. "Iron does not float." Now ships are of iron nnd steel, with a consequent decrease of weight for their tonnage of one-third. At the present time the United States is plnnning a number of ships much larger than any thnt have ever appeared on the ocean. These ships are to have a capacity of 70,000 tons, with a speed of thirty knots an hour. They will leave New York on Wednesday and arrive In Southampton on Monday. They will be built like hotels, with a bath In each stateroom. There will be suites with two bedrooms, a sitting room, dining room, a private veranda, two bathrooms ond two trunk rooms. One hundred years ago man crept and crawled on the face of the earth, and ventured ou the waters, not as master but as the servant of the elements. Now he speeds over the face of the earth and dominates the ocean. The birds have been forced to grant him the supremacy of the air, tho fislies the supremacy of the waters. Vet It was about a hundred years ago that the school hoard of Lancaster, Ohio, asked for the use of the school- house to debate railroads and telegraphs, both of whieh ns yet existed in the renlm of thought only, replied: "You are welcome to tlie use of the schoolhouse to debate all proper questions in, but such things as railroads and telegraphs are impossibilities and rank infidelities. There is nothing in the word of God about them. If God hnd designed that his intelligent creatures should travel at the frightful speed of fifteen miles nn hour by steam, he would clearly have foretold it through his holy prophets. It is a device of Satan' to lead immortal souls to hell." We are living in a world remade, recreated through the productive power of lubor during the last cen- tury. Kach yont* now seos more "hangos than long centuries In the previous history of the race. The evolution of thc previous centuries was like the slow arduous production of handicraft. The evolution of the present moves forwnrd with the swiftness, the Irresistible power of the machine. And all this is a tribute to the crowning achievements of labor nnd human Ingenuity In harnessing the forces of nature. Machinery is king. , It dominates our lives from their very baglnnim: to their end, nnd beyond. Our flrsl yell—given before we know how much there is In the worid we are entering to yell over—Is not silenced before we nre wrapped in clothing prennrcd by lhe machine. Wo are put Into a machine-made crndle. We are with our first breaths fed machine - milked, machine - pasteurized, mnchlne-bottled and hia chine-fife]Iv- ered milk, heated on a machine-made stove, burning machine-produced fuel. With the first dawn of consciousness we begin to distinguish between the universe that is I, and the universe that ie not I. And the latter is controlled and dominated by the machine, until the machine that is I— heretofore the result of the past environment of the race, or heredity —becomes a part of the present environment of a machine-dominated world. In a few years we pass through all the phases of the evolution of the race and reach the stage where everything is changed in the environment of the machine and machine production. We go to schools, nlso machine- made, where we are taught to assimilate the deportment of a machine- produced and machine-controlled civilization, and the knowledge which prepares us to become citizens of a machino-ruled society. When we enter industry as workers, the environment of the machine, which has unconsciously dominated us in the past, becomes the conscious arbiter of all aur activities. Our thoughts are machine—not tool— thoughts. Our living machines of flesh and blood are meshed Into the cogs of the machines of steel and iron. Our pace is set by these tireless auxiliaries of production. Our lives are lived under machine control, as though these lives were themselves stamped out by the machine. Our thoughts are based on the messages that come to us from our five senses, our experiences; and these experiences are experiences of the machine. Off the job our recreations are largely machine-made. Our foods are machine products. Our time is not ours. It is measured out to us by machine-made alarm clocks and tho shrieks of machine-made whistles. The Seven Ages of man are all ages of machines, ruled directly or indirectly by the machine. We become sick. We go to machine-produced hospitals. Our sputum is tested by a machine. Our heart- heats and respiration are made audible by a machine. Our blood pressure fs tested hy a machine. Our bones are photographed by a machine. We are given machine-made drugs and machine-made diets. We get well and go back to the machine—which in the larger sense we have never left— or we die, and death ends all. But does it! It does not end the domination of the machine. We are put into machine-made, machine-cut and machine-sewn shrouds. We are put away in a machine-made coffin, with machine-made handles. We are rushed to the graveyard In a machine. We are lowered into the grave by a machine. Our ashes aro mixed with the dust by machine-made tools. Over our graves, Affection,, Rearing the insistent "Come and serve me, your king," of the machine, casts machine- produced roses over the mound, and later perhaps thero is a machine- made headstone. Environment, being so potent in moulding the thoughts aud 1'collngs of man, in contact from birth with the machine, man Indelibly bears its imprint. For this reason the Industrial Revolution is an enormous force which has not only changed the nature of production but man himself. This industrial revolution ln the very basis of life is a transformation of our world. It is cosmic in Its significance, and its effects now only dimly realized must become a turning .point in the stream of life on this plane!. The machine Is more than a change in the mode of production. It is a vital and fundamental change in the very life of man. It touches and moulds men In all the relations of life, nnd If wc are to understand the Industrial disease of unemployment, we must tnke the scalpel of facts as we of the working class know them— as experiences, not as abstractions— to probe into thc vitals of our present system of machine production and the social reflections of that machine produetion, in order to trace and understand the cause and cure of the cancerous growths of unemployment that feed on the living tissues of industry. (To he continued.) VjmiJ are told that Canada needs nationality. But how can people grasp the large idea of nationality when they haven't grasped the simpler idea of citizenship, in spite of thte lessons in "civics." Anyway, what's the good of feeling national pride or patriotism when you only need it to fight the wars of the master-clas.-., and when the masses of the people have no land or possessions to boast of. * • • If the business of breaking rock or clearing land is worth doing at ail it Is worth paying for in an honest manner, whether it is done by the unemployed or not. The members of the city council are just trying to find out how cheaply the workers can be bribed to submit quietly to the glaring Injustice of being dls- 1: Timely Topics Tho war-mongers keep steadily to thcir trade, and when they are not trying to scare Burope ahout Germany, they are trying to scare 100 per cent. Americana (and incidentally Cnnadlnns) ahout Japan, who is working day and night at her already immense output. No wonder someone laughted at Morgan the other day when he was instructing his guests how to get rich. The man who laughed was thinking of the profitahle game of patriotism. » • » According to a well-known political economist, Scott N'earlng, "Both tho subject matter and the method of the Japanese exclusion bill were direct blows at the pride and the position of Japan." But the struggle that is being forced to a head ls not only between America and Japan. Their rivalry only concerns tho control of thc Pacific. The greatest rivalry of all is between the States and Britain for world power, and up to the present the American bankers control a great portion of Europe, not only financially, but economically .tl politically. ... Oeneral Grlesbach of the Canadian forces declared recently when addressing a military institute: "I tako it that as soldiers and citizens loyal to their Institutions, you are not prepared to accept the dictatorship of tho proletariat . . . whether obtained by constitutional means or by force. So we know what to expect from our comrades of tho working class who have been forced into the army for the price of a meal. However, we have a vague idea that tho worthy commander is mistaken. » * . "We will best maintain peace," ho continued, "by frank declaration tlmt communist propaganda carried to its conclusion means war." lti is remarkable to hear a professional killer thinking of peace. And no less remarkable to note thnt he has arrived nt a tragic truth. But if a rovolution is forced, It will come from thc ruling clnss who prize their economic power above everything else. Not from thc workers trying to gnln their rights. The mnjority of the workers don't know thnt they have any rights to regain, and the rest have waited so long that thoy feel they cnn wait longer. THE WORLD RENOWNED Hudson's Bay "POINT" BLANKETS Are obtainable only at the Department Stores and Posts of this Company throughout Canada. They are pure wool, with a camel-hair finish that makes them impervious to cold and dampness. For Prospector, Lumberman, the Auto and the Home—they are unparalleled. Made in Grey, Red, Khaki, White and Stripes. ATTRACTIVE PRICES 3-Point-Grey $10.50 3i/2-Pt.—Grey $12.50 Khaki... $11.50 Scarlet $11.50 White... $12.00 Khaki ...$13.50 Scarlet $13.50 White... $14.50 4-Point-Grey. $15.00 4-Point—Scarlet $15.00 Khaki... $15.00 Green... $16.00 White and striped, $17.50 h*mth*i<$m*m VANCOUVER, B. 0. EDUCATION PAYS Thirty - three Thousand Dollars Cash Value of Four-Year High School Course. Farming Situation (Continued from pnee I. value Is swallowed up In useless methods of ailvertisinK or distribution. Of cour.-u1, it may 'ue pointed out that thousands of people are ffOttlng a livelihood by cimaglnK in the.se very distributing occupations. II iw very true, but if Ihey are not doing necessary labor tbey are only curtailing the purchawintf powor of the primary producers. In modern titties it has become more remunerative to be en^a^cd in distribution than In production and thai has drawn more and more workers from productive enterprises to swell tiie ranks of the non- producers, until todny the producers are unable to carry lhe load any further. The farmers are falling down Under the burden. They nro leaving the forms and agriculture |8 in M v*,u\ Plight. "Ill fnrr's the 'nnil, to linsteiilnK Hln ft prry. Whom wealth accntniilfltpg nnd turn deenv Prlnni's and lords mny flourish or may fmK A l.rentli cnn .....I**' tliem, aa n breath hi." mnde But n bold peaanntry thoir country'* prlila When onco doatroyotl cnn novor bo sup- piled." (To be continued.) When the time comes for ili<> moel< io Inherit Ibe earth, It Is l'ltelv It will bo in euch " condition thai nobodj else would have It.—Columbia Hocord UNTRAINED HANDICAPPED Technical School Graduate Starts Work at 22—Average Boy Begins at 14. Thirty-three thousand dollars is ihe cash value of a four-year high -school course, and* $72,000 tho cash value of a college or technical training, according to a recent study by Dean Bverott W. Lord, of the college of business administration of Boston University. Dean Lord has issued charts showing the maximum earnings of the average untrained man, as compared with those of tho high-school graduate and of the col lege, or technical school graduate. The untrained man, he finds, begins work at 14, reaches hia maximum income at 30, receiving on the average less than $1,200 a year, and has earned by the time he is 60 about $45,000. During the four years that would have given him a high school education he earns not more than $2,000. The high school graduate goeB to work at 18, rises to a maximum income of $2,200 a year at 40, and has J earned by the time ho is 60, about $7S,000. Ry remaining four years in high school, at an Immediate loss of $2,000 in earnings, he has increased his total earnings by $33,000. The college br technical school graduate begins work at 22, rises to a maximum of $6,000 at 60, and earns in all about $lft0,000. While the capitalist press is knocking; you and your organizations, The Federationist is boosting for you. Which SHOULD get your first consideration? Which IS getting that consideration? You have supported the Bo^s Innp- enough, by buying his panor. now. support yourse*vo<t. Tho Federationist is out to he'p vou in your fight. SUPPORT IT. B. C. FEDERATIONIST Official Organ of the FEDERATED LABOR PARTY OP BRITISH COLUMBIA Published in the Interests of All Workers ■THE party is desirous of making: what contribution it can to the betterment of society. It realizes that the most effective method to accomplish this end is by educating the masses through the medium of its press, and likewise the best literature procurable regarding the Labor movement. There is no other means available to the workers to voice their opinions. Work with us to make The Federationist a mighty power for good in Vancouver and throughout British Columbia. Principles, not personalities, are alone desirable. Contributions for The Federationist are always welcome. Be brief and write on one side of the copy paper. Matter for publication should reach this offlce by Tuesday. Advertisements received up to Wednesday noon. You must have The Federationist in thc home each week to keep in touch with the City, Provincial and Federal and International Labor Movement. Subscription Rate: United States and foreign, $3.00 per year; Canada, $2.50 per year, $1.50 for six months. JOB PRINTING Estimates wi!l be furnished on all kinds of work. glad'y offer his services to those desiring them. Our solicitor will B. C. FEDERATIONIST 1129 HOWE STREET, VANCOUVER, B. C. PAGE-FOUR seventeenth year, no. i BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST vancouybk. a a FRIDAY .JANUARY 23, 1925 Used Phonographs At a Fraction of Their Values! BEG. $30 COLUMBIA "A"—A snap at only REG. $B2.50 EDISON AMBEROLA—Complete with <tOC 10 four-minute selections. Only VuU REG. $00 COLUMBIA—Large table model with double spring motor. Extra special REG. $125 VICTROLA—-In handsome mahogany case; largest table model. A rare special at $15 $25 $35 $65 REG. $135 COLUMBIA "X'»—In full cabinet style with three- spring motor and automatic non-set stop, In golden £*TC oak. Extra special for W o O Your Choice at Only $2.00 Weekly TOWNLEY & WARD, LTD. 443 Hastings Street West Near Richards Phone Sey. 2441 % IOR IT'S BIRTHDAY Vancouver Burns Fellowship Pays Tribute to Burns in Unique Manner. Vancouver Burns Fellowship fittingly celebrated the birth of Robbie Burns at their first annual banquet, held in Glencoe Lodge on Tuesday evening. One hundred and ten sat down to partake of the typically Scottish fare, which, of course, included a generous portion of haggis, with all the customary trimmings. President P. McA. Carrick made an admlr able chairman and toastmaster. The premier toast, "The Immortal Memory," was In the hands of Mr. A. Fraser Reid, secretary of the Fellow ship. Mr. Reid's contribution to the success of the evening was fully up to the high standard set by the Fel lowshlp. He discussed freely the diversified nature of the wonderful legacy of poesy and song bequeathed to the Scottish nation by Burns, pay TO THE MEMBERS OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS Boost for The Fed. OCH CIRCULATION IS INCREASING GET ANOTHER NEW SUBSCRIBER Ing special tribute to the Influence of Jean Armour upon the poet's life and career and speaking also of the splendid spirit and kindly good nature which ran so persistently through all of the writings of the poet. Other toasts were honored, the eloquence being of a high order. The musical programme was also of a delightful nature, the whole function being radical departure from the accepted method of celebrating Burns' nicht In this western country. A special service, which will be of a memorial nature, will be held under the auspices of the Burns Fellowship In the First Unitarian Church on Sunday evening. Rev. Alex. Thomson will conduct the service, and the lessons will be read from a Scottish Bible. Special soloists and music by Vancouver Scottish Orchestra will feature the service, a rather unusual tribute to the memory of the post. The closing meeting of the celebration will be held at Glencoe Lodge on Tuesday evening, when President Carrick will contribute a paper on "Tarn o' Shanter." There will be spocial music. EVERY READER CAN HELP Every reader of The Federatlonist can render valuable assistance by renewing their subscriptions as soon as they are due, and by Inducing another worker to subscribe. It does not take much effort to do this. Try it. a roar. Heir of Ancient Tradition Champions Cause of Oppressed in Prose and Poetry PUT CONVENTIONS ASIDE THE CHOICE OF THE UNIONS CATTO'S VERY OLD HIGHLAND WHISKY THOROUGHLY MATURED—ONE OP THE MOST POPULAR BRANDS AT THE GOVERNMENT STORES GOLD LABEL Ask for CATTO'S. For sale al all Government Liquor Stores Till RdTMUiament - not published or displayed by tbo Liquor Control Board or by tho Government of British Columbia -CARDS FOR— WHIST DRIVES GET YOUR OFFICIAL PROGRESSIVE WHIST SCORE CARDS, (16 or 25 games), ONE DOLLAR ($1.00) A HUNDRED, AT Cowan Brookhouse, Ltd. 1129 HOWE STREET Phones: Sey. 7421, 4490 Five Hundred Score Tablets, 20c each Court Whist Cards, 15c per dozen; $1.25 per 100 More Scottish Vernacular Verse Written Since Bums' Time Than Previously T^HE 25th of this month brings another anniversary of the birth of Robert Burns, and In accordance with the usual practice, many hundreds in greater Vancouver will eat haggis, and "jazz" enthusiastically in celebration thereof. Once again he will be hailed aB the apostle of contentment, and the supreme advocate of "moderation." It will again be left to the student of democracy to appreciate the work of Robert Burns, "the rebel," the opponent of privilege, and the lover of national and Individual liberty. We, therefore, offer no excuse for this rapid survey of his work, believing that the best appreciation of Burns Is to show him In his true light, and prove him to be, as Thomas Carlyle nobly put It, "The Largest Soul in all the British Lands." Much has been written of Robert Burns. Many have been the critics of his life and ^vork; there has been loud disputation concerning his character, the nature and quality of his genius and the position which he occupies in the world of literature; but, withal, generations have worshipped at the shrine of his genius, and the Inspiration of hia living message to humanity has been the driving for towards the Ideal of the Brotherhood of Man, not only in his own country and among his own countrymen, but niongst lovers of liberty the world over. On the one hand the zeal of enthusiastic admirers tor the diameter of Burns and judicial attempts on the part of others, to analyze the quality of his work, have blinded both to the fearless integrity, the championship of the oppressed, and the nobility of purpose which arc the outstanding characteristics of the message ho conveyed to his fellows both in prose and poetry. The most notable illustration of this latter tendency, and one which I will deal with, on account of its denying those things which I now claim for Burns, Is to be found in the brilliant, but manifestly unjust, and poorly considered es=sny of tho late Mr. Henley. His theory that Burns A baroness of Neuilly entered a|was the last of the old Scots school lion's cage and recited a poem; not Lf poetHi in other W0V(\Si thnt he Waa a funny one, yet It kept the lion in the last poet in the vernacular prior to Scottish na tional characteristics being absorbed and merged in the life and character of the English people is entirely misleading, for such absorption has not even now taken place, nor is it ever likely to. In order that we may fully realize how far from the truth these theories are-let me quote the following from Henley: "Burns, for all his exhibition of some modern tendencies, was not the founder of a dynasty, but the heir of a flourishing tradition and the last of an ancient line. He ls demonstrably the outcome of an environment, and not in any but the narrowest senso tho unnatural Birth of Poesy and Time, which he is sometimes held to be. Being a great artist he derives from a numerous ancestry, and like all great artists, he is partly an effect of local and peculiar conditions and partly the product of immediate and remote forbears. Genius apart, In fact, he Is "ultimus Scotorum," the last expression of the old Scots world and therewith the culmination of a school deep-rooted in the past, which Ity producing such men as Dunbar, Scott, Alexander Montgomery, Ram ■ say, Ferguson, and the nameless Mix tin and ctfyper and you have bronze; mix tin and brass and you havo a road hog.—Eugene (Oregon) Guard. After a man has purchased a used car, it is merely a question of which will break down first. 15-YEAR-OLD Fresh Cut Flowers, Funeral Designs, Wedding Bouquets, Pot Planta, Ornamental and Sliade Trees, Seeds. Bulbs, Florists' Sundries Brown Brothers & Co. Ltd. Fl.OHISTS AND NOHSERYMEN 4—STORES— 4 48 Hutlngi Stmt But Sir* 988*672 066 OrUTUIl Stntt Sly. 0613*1391 161 Hinting! 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He was therefore the greatest but not the last. Henley's assertion that Burns was partly an effect of local and peculiar conditions, and partly the product of immediate and remote forebears is correct, but in a different sense from that which Henley uttempts to con vey. The conditions in which Burns lived and wrote were entirely different from those in which his poetic predecessors lived and wrote and the influence which developed this genius was more likely that of the grand father who waa out in the '45, and the other maternal relative who died at Alrd's Moss fighting for religious liberty, than that of all his literary predecessors. Dunbar, the greatest Scotch poet prior to Burns, was a begging Franciscan friar, and later a court dependent. Henryson taught his scholars within the sacred precincts o£ the Abbey of Dunfermline, and beneath the windows of a royal palace. No student would seriously believe that the gentle shepherds of Allan Ramsay had any marked influence on the man who wrote of the "simple hind whose toil upholds the glittering show."' Ferguson, who died early in life, had little which could influence a poet like Burns and the homage paid by Burns to Ferguson was more likely due to the unfortunate fate of the latter in whose tribulations Burns saw a parallel to his own. Scottish poetry prior to Burns and that of Scott who succeeded him, was mediaeval in character, and was typical of feudal times. The theme was that of the chase, and the bnnquet hall, of knight errantry and chlval/y, of battle, siege and tourney, and the annals of court intrigue. The characters were mainly of exalted rank, and the people in the mass came only into the picture as retainers. It were more justifiable to refer to Walter Scott as the culmination of a school deep-rooted in tho past. Henley says Burns was demonstrably the outcome of an environment. So was Henley, so are wc all. But how different was the environment of Burns from that of Dunbar and Henryson. These men were Influenced by a Catholic world, semi-scholarly, semi- barbarous, wholly mediaeval. Scott and Montgomery belonged to the turbulent times following the Reformation when the final success of the new doctrines was by no means as- sured. Burns was born into ;: protests nt, Calvinistic world. As different from theirs as is our own Where they saw only the surface and fringes of society. Burns, due to the environment of which Henley speaks, saw society comprehensibly, and discovered his own class, the working class, that class which had always figured in the mast-, like the choru: of an opera. He discovered the im portnnce of the common people. To talk of Burns as the heir of deep-rooted conventions Is to bo absurd. He brushed conventions aside. He certainly made use of old modes of expression but then only to express a new conception. He used the old methods to explore an entirely new world, a world of which fragmentary glimpses had been hnd in the past 'Christ's Kirk in tho Green," and Habble Simpson,, a new world, which was a very old world indeed, the world of the "merry, freenly country folks," and the "poor o'erlnboured wight." As burden bearers and fechtin' men, they had been there through tho centuries, inarticulate. It needed a ploughman poet to soe the peasant correctly, and Burns was the first to como armed with humour, kindly understanding of their woes, nnd when necessary biting satire and able to present these In a manner most likely to Intrigue their understanding. With Burns the people an1 not siibsldlitry. With him they are first and foremost, the belted knights and those who made Ihem are to him of no Import. And cei-tes in fair virtue's Heavenly road, The cottage leaves the palace far behind. What Is a Lordllng's pomp, a cum- brouB load, Disguising cf the wretch of humankind Studied in arts of hell, in wickedness refined. An entirely different conception of the proper order of society from that of his forerunners. Thus for the first time the principle was established that "a man's a man." (To Ix. continued) RE HPUINT Hundreds of Single Men Throughout the City Looking and * Waiting for Jobs GET A NEW SUBSCRIBER The greatest assistance that tbe readers of The Federatlonist can render us at this time, Is by securing a new subscriber. By doing so you spread the news of the working clans movement and assist us. MARRIED MEN AT HOPE The British Broadcasting company propose to broadcast thc cries of wild fowl. Let's bono they won't get the "bird." TTAVE vou ever had a renl drink 1* nf Pure Apple Cider diirtmr tht* Inst Cow yenrs? To mpot lhi- ilcHlrcn of timnr cll**r.t- Wc hnve lull-mine*il rec-nily n ptlfp flinr i»t.nrkUnit api>Ii- rtiW In pint ti* ttl<*> "ifbi-r |nir*a nwi'i't or (tnvnrtlfllPtll n'ViU tlntl -r'f hnrd ftpplo (-Hor, Th- *■■ <irlnli» nn- ntiRiiliiii'ly |*.ir« nml free fr«rti h'1 Qntthonlc neb! ►rim or i-r-pmirvatlv*".*' n' Mil nntiiro WrlN' or phone yonr iir<l-» •"tiny. With*.mil nn. VAN BROS. LTD. Oldnr M.Hiofurturi'rn 1ttr.fi Commercial Dm». Vancouvm-. B O Many Visit Labor Bureau in Search of Work—Prevailing Conditions Lamentable [By John Plckenshovel] QUITE recently at the Powell street employment bureau, commonly called the "slave market,", there appeared on the board the following item: "20 married men for road work at Hope; $3.G0 per day; board 51.05 per day. Need blankets." That item was on the board for over three hours. If it had been a job for single men at the university site for $2.00 per day, It would not have been on the board five minutes. There are hundreds of single men In rooming houses and hotels throughout the city who have their blankets rolled up ready to leave for an outside job at a day's notice, and these are the men who are told to get out of town. Yet here is a government road job, in order to work at which married men are asked to strip the bedclothes from their wives and families. Of course, the lack of judgment, as revealed in this instance, is on a par with the rest of the present provincial government's mal administration, and will continue so long as the people will stand for it, Mr. .T. H. McVety, superintendent of the provincial government employ ment bureau, reported recently t have made' the following statement In regard to the single unemployed men in our midst. "We have enough work started now to look after our own men unemployed and it is mostly men from other cities of Canada who have come here who nre now out of work." In reply to such a statement all we have to sny is that he is cither stating what he knows to be a deliberate falsehood, or he has no knowledge whatsoever of the conditions whereof ho speaks. The writer has been a resident of this province for a large number of years and is acquainted with tunny of the single men who like himslf visit the employment bureau in search of work The conditions that prevail are lamentable enough without them be Ing made worse by the mlstatements of McVety or any govornment hireling. If the Minister of _ah.v Is Interested in preventing his department; from debasement, he might well dispense with the services of such individuals, nnd substitute therefor men having greater competency to provido the public with correct informntion. Rastus—What for yuh keeps your daug muzzled? Sambo—Dat'a to give him courage in hisself. Boost for our advertisers, are helping boost for you. They DR. FOR8YTHE, PALMER GRADUATE Chiropractor, 700 Diiiumuir St.; 10 till 8. Sey. 8798. Evf-s. by »ppt-; Snudiys, 3 till 4. At a recent baby show, all the competitors were awarded a first prize. The judges were so busy they had not got a second to spare. TENDERS FOR VALVES THE undersigned will receive tenders up to 12 o'clock noon, Tuesday, February the lOtb next, for the supply of the foi' lowing: 25 8-lnch Valves. 25 8-lnch Valves. 26 12-inch Valves. All for cast-iron pipe. Pull particulars and specifications can be obtained at the office of the City Engineer. JA'MES STUART, Purchasing Agent. Judge—I understand you prefer chargos against this man? Grocer— No, sir. I prefer cash, nnd that is what I had him brought here for. Mere ensh seems to moun nothing lo the lords of Cashmere.-—New York Hernld Tribune. Dr. Gallant, Chiropractor. 713 Robson Big Reductions on Many* Lines of Overcoats Carss' Celebrated Mackinaw Coats, $12.50 Men's Overcoats — Prices are cut in two. Rubbers—Away down. High-top Shoes — 12- inch for $2.75. W. B. Brummitt 18-20 Cordova St. W. (-.Irian*?* nut prri Trill I'll tinli*"" nliHiilutHy arccNNHry, I_.k_.inl- tin I In iim until i- lir srHduuii- I ) 1*0 lyll I klltM-llllUl. >ti tUi ni'i lo it «tin runt red. l\v grind uur own leitNt.ii nud do r« pii i rui u. i.t-iiMfN d ii iii i- lit 143*4 li> liitlll. WTMAi. OPTICAL HOUSn 1 IIIIIUMIJ lllllltll Uplll-Ul lit! UK* He hii re Ml III* iiilrtrcon A ltn \r \\ ltd ltt or III a HtU tt*. in-ill- l.riiinllli- ftOltt 'Ml, \>U\tn L'llHIllllVM lilii Haul lit UM Ml. W. Miliar «vy, ni"i Manifesto and Platform —OF THE!— Federated Labor Party of B.C. THE FEDERATED LABOB PARTY is organized fop the pur- pose of securing industrial legislation, and the collective ownership and democratic control of the means of wealth produetion. Private ownership of the means of wealth production (lands, forests, mines, fisheries, mills and factories), is the basis of the present system of society. The ownership of these natural resources and the machinery of production is vested in a small minority of the people, who, because of this ownership, constitute the real rulers of the country—the ruling class. This class ownership of the means of life, with the restrictions and appropriation of the fruits of labor necessarily following it, is the root cause of the present insecurity and. privation suffered bj the working class. The large majority of the people—the working class—being property less, must obtain the necessities of life through the only channel open to -them, i.e., by selling thcir labor power. The only condition upon which they can do so is that a profit must accrue to the owning class from the process. Profits for the few and not the needs of the many is the motive underlying production. The farmer, despite the semblance of ownership which appears from the occupancy of thc land and the machinery with which he works it, is in approximately the same position as the propertyiess wage-worker. The wage-worker sells his labor power direet to the capitalist class for a price (wages), and that wliich he produces belongs to the party employing him or her. The farmer converts his labor power into other commodities, (wheat, oats, etc.), which he must dispose of in thc open market, having little or no control over the disposal of his product. The result of his toil passes into thc hands of the capitalist clnss in rent, interest and profit just as surely and com-, plctely as does the product, of the labor of the wage-worker, wliich he (the wage-worker) leaves in the mill or factory when the whistle blows at the end of the day. The production and distribution of the things essential to our needs has reached a stage of development in which it requires the active cooperation of practically all the productive forees in society; soeial production has superseded individual production. Our ultimate objective is, therefore, the collective ownership of things collectively produced and collectively used. Thc need and well-being of socicly must bc the regulator of production. The present ruling clnss maintains its ownership in the menus of lift* nnd consequent exploitation of the workers through its control of the powers of the state. This present system of government is controlled by thc same class which controls thc industries and hence is used in'their interests. Under those conditions the welfare of the massos is a subordinate consideration. Realizing this, it logically follows that the working elass can not improve their condition in nny permnnent way until Ihey assume thc powers and functions of the state. This can be accomplished in this country Ky taking advantago of our political privileges and electing working-class representatives to all legislative and administrative bodies. Thc working clnss itself must bc its own emancipator. Taking into consideration the international aspect of the development of capitalism and the interdependence of each country upon all other countries for even the partial functioning of the productive forces that obtain to-day, wo realize thc impossibility of the working clnss of any onc country—even if the entire government wns within its control—formulating and carrying out, unaided, a complete programme of socialisation. Wc therefore pledge, our support, and cooperation to all groups, of whatever nationality, having similar aims. The Federated Labor Party will support all legislative measures having for their purpose the betterment of the condition of the working clnss, but we maintain, that so long as the workers are content to sell their life's energy in thc market they must accept the conditions which the fluctuation of that market entails. The present productive forces of society are quite sufficient to supply our every need and comfort; but the present system of production and appropriation denies to the great mass of the people the bare necessities of life. While thc few revel in wealth and luxury, millions nre done to death by slow starvation. Knowledge of the cause of this phenomenon is absolutely essential to intelligent action. Class ownership of thc means of production; class appropriation of the social product of labor, is the cause of this denial to the workers of an opportunity to participate in the fruits of their labor. Collective ownership of the means of production; socinl appropriation of that which is socially produced, is the only means to end exploitation. In the foregoing ive have given an outline as brief and concise as possible of the basis of present-day society. Thc Federated Labor party as a socialist party holds that the difficulties which thc working class is laboring under can only be removed by a chnnge in our economic system. For this renson we do not put forward any lengthy list of immediate aims. By working clnss wc menu all of the people who must labor by hnnd or by brain and liavo no other means of support. The function of the party is to organizo and educate the workers along political lines as the surest and safest way to get control of the powers of government. Once having secured that power it will be used to liberate where it is now used to oppress. Changes come slowly as the people learn slowly and to try and force changes beforc the mass of the people aro ready for them will ony defeat the end we have in view. Before the workers cnn advance to power they must gain confidence in their own ability as organizers, legislators and administrators; and the best wny to creato that confidence is by contesting the election to every elective office. On the platform, around thc council tabic or in the legislature we shall put forward and work for the passing of such reforms as the workers think necessary for the strengthening of their position, but our ultimate goal is the socialist state. .Mnairfc ffiabor flartg nf -\.it. APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP /, the undersigned, endorse and subscribe to the furtherance of the declared objects of the Party and agree to be governed b_ the Constitution thereof. Name A ddress Phone No Occupation- Proposed b\) Date
Publisher changes in chronological order: Vancouver Trades and Labour Council (1912) ; The B.C. Federationist, Ltd. (1912-1915) ; The B.C. Federationist, Limited (1915-1922) ; The B.C. Federationist (1922-1923) ; The British Columbia Federationist (1923-1925).
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