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APfi 6 JJtt4 RITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST DUSTRIAL UNITY: STRENGTH OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE FEDERATED LABOR PARTY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA PUBLISHED IN INTERESTS OF ALL WORKERS a a POLITICAL UNITY: VICTORY HXTEENTH YEAR. No. 14 FOUR PAGES VANCOUVER, B. C, FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 4, 1924 5c A COPY SECRETARY'S REPORT |tork-day Too Long at Mental Hospital Is Claim Blade For Nurses ^-[issued to Subscribers of the Crippled %*0s Children's Aid Fund, show- \.l&\ , lug a Balance ^Mrs. H. L. Bnyley, secretary of the . oled Children's Aid, haB issued a le. . *>y report to the subscribers of th# jA. Besides giving the patients **"" v ^!>vflts of highly-specialized sur- :&_ - ■" ■ llSCUSS LABOR NEWSPAPER i Ask That Plebiscite Be Placed Before People for One- ward System [ the absence of President Neelands, I Delegate Macdonald occupied the air at the regular meeting of Van- uver Trades and Labor council, held local labor headquarters on Tues- !y evening. Secretary Bengough read the minus of previous meeting, which were proved. Credentials were presented on belt of C, Oxenbury, of the Mental )spital Attendants; and' of W. G. Iribbons, D. Cuthlll, Jas. White, J. ^Ritchie, Geo. Harrison, A. R. Snow- 11, for the Vancouver Civic Em- ?yeos union, No. 28. A letter from Edmonton Trades and .bor council, protesting against the actment of legislation making oleo- irgarine an artlcl eof dally diet long the working classes, and ask- ; that a letter of protest be sent to Ipresentatives at Ottawa, was pro- ctive of much argument. One delegate held that it was sim- a case where the dairy interests fighting the manufacture of [tomargarlne, so that they could * up the price of butter. The let- • was finally flled. cablegram to R. H. Gale, re tha brk on Splller's elevator, sent by the fcretary, was endorsed. The wire pd: "Has provision been made for compulsory payment of standard |e of wages on Spillers elevator?" . letter from Hon. Ernest Lapointe, ■n later of justice, Ottawa, waa read, pnowledgtng receipt of a resolution ades and Labor council, to the |ect that the council protested Unat any amendments to the Cri- al Code making peaceful picket- Illegal, or against any additional halation making any organisation of jrkers Illegal. The letter waa or- flA filed, slegate Gibson, for the Mental pltftl Attendants, reported the loss [several members through the claim | the authorities that the Institution overstaffed; for this reason they their president, Who had to re- Iii in consequence. There was some ^understanding, he said, as to the its werked by attendants. The |;rs of male attendants were satis- tory; it was the female nursing ft who were working abnormally g hours, running to as high as 16 Irs a day. An Interview had been anged with David Whiteside, M. I A., whom they considered the only are-shooter lh the provincial legls- Mr. Whiteside had taken the |tter up with Hon. Dr. MacLean, i the latter had said things would te to stay as they are. acretary Bengough said that Dele- Neelands Intended to bring this Iter before the house as soon as it \ ln session. lelegate Thomson, of the Ptledriv- } local, spoke as to conditions on |j* being done by the Vancouver commissioners on some of Ich jobs the fair-wage clause was L being observed. There were no (than three jobs In which his local » directly interested, coming under |f category, and he moved that the ary wire or otherwise get in lh with the fair-wage officer and | him to give the matter his lmme- attentlon, Carried. I slegate Pettlhtece, Urging the Ita of the one-ward system lh city irnment, asked the meeting to e a committee to wait upon the council and ask them to submit a Iscite to the electorate at the time bylaws are voted upon. Dele- ; Pettipiece Instanced lack of La- support ln the present civic coun- F.id outlined just what this meant ie workers when there arose any Hon of economy—a revision of 's from the ground floor up, In- of beginning with those who ■ receiving the big salaries. \xo appointment of a committee *ft iii the hands of the president ^secretary. _____ secretary was instructed to [\ Pfeihler ttlfl*, drawing his at- on ifl the tie-up In $ rain trade on local waterfront, whereby rainy w*re foroed but of Work, and jig hts assistance in straightening fthfe troifcble. W-i-o waft no' response to the call , report of the committee on the , paper, although several of the nlttee were present.. [.legate Jamleson, of the Musl- , started the ball rolling when he the chairman for Information the policy and management of btoposed sheet. Delegate Jamie- (while disclaiming any Intention gumming up the works," wished now the policy of the editorial [and the management, who they ; to be, whether any definite ar- |ement had been made with them, j! salaries they were to receive—In he simply wished Information } whether things were being done j' business basis, or otherwise, le chairman being completely at fthe secretary came to his rescue (Continued on page 4) the , glcal , o?X the committee has been obits litv 'jveral cases to Bupply the necessary surgical appliances to further add to their comfort and support. Thanks are tendered to the contributors whose generosity alone made the work possible. The greater part of the money has gone to directly beneflt the patients. The administrative work has been conducted entirely on a voluntary basis. The details of 20 deserving caseB are also given, involving 14 operations. The receipts, as at January 31, were $1303.92, expenditures being $898.70, leaving a balance of $410.22. Mrs. Barber is president, and Mrs. McLachlan, of Victoria, ex-ofllcio president. Against Expenditure of $600,000 for Completion of Tower on Parliament Buildings PEOPLE WANT ECONOMIES Amount of Money It Takes to Do Oovernment Work Most Atrocious and Silly T 7NDER the heading of "Public Works, Chargeable to Capital," 1600,000 has recently been voted to be oxpended almost entirely for the completion of the tower of the parliament buildings, with itB memorial chamber. During tbe discussion, J. 8, Woodsworth moved In amendment, that the item be struck out. MIbs .MacPhail, in seconding this amendment, Bald: "I want to say one word In support of the motion to strike out the whole item of $600,000. I am against the .principle of a memorial chamber. I know that is not a popular attitude to take, nevertheless that ls my view. I think we have too many stone memorials throughout this country, and not enough sympathy in the hearts of the people for the wrecked humanity that Is the living memorial of the late war. If this money were spent In helping the soldiers and their dependents; If the Pensions board and some others were advised to treat the soldiers sympathetically; lf the money were put into a fund that would be used to help desperate cases agalnBt which the law seems to be almost too hard, tt would be more sensible. The tower, of course, looks as If it were not finished; but there are a lot of things ln. Canada not finished. I think sometimes lt Is hard enough on us to have to look at one another's faces without having to look at carved faces on the walls—I am thinking now particularly of the men. Electric lights and fixtures seem to cost more lh the parliament buildings than In private houses. What sort of special lighting fixtures Will lt take $60,000 to pay for? Are there so many people using the library that there ls not light enough for them now, or What tt the difficulty? I never noticed that the 'gentleman usher of the black rod,' had dinted these doors at the end of the chamber. I know they are only temporary, but they are doing very well. They are used by very many people besides the 'gentleman usher of the black rod' who enters two or three times a session, and I think they will do another year or two. The fact of the matter is that In this chamber we are apt to get too far away from the people, even those of us who pride ourselves on being near to them. The people not only want economy, they will have It, and lf we do not give it to them, they will send people here who will. The whole thing Is atrocious and silly, the amount of money that It takes to do government work. I am against this vote of $600,000." Nominating Convention the Federated Labor party of British Columbia will hold a nominating convention on Friday evening, April llth, at 8 o'clock. The meeting will be held In hall No. S, Sll Pender Btreet. All members are requested to attend. Northwest Printers Oregon, Washington and British Columbia were represented at the rlbrthweetefti Typographical Union conference which assembled here on Monday and Tuesday ln Holden block. President H, C. Haynes of Taeoma was lh the chair, the delegates were: Seattle, C, F. Stephens, R. B. Packard, Philo Howard; Taeoma, H, C. Haynes, L. O. Wheeler; Everett, Samuel Allen, Walter Chapman; Beilingham, F. M. Harper; Vancouver, H, C. Corey, H. Neelands. Seattle Mailers' union, A. S. Larkin and E. Mac- Namara, and the International Typographical union, L. R. Boxnn, The PentIctonA B. C, co-operatlvo store shows a net proflt of $47 for six months ending February. The fact that "we all have our faults" doesn't excuse you and me from making fools of ourselves. =__ OUR OBJECTIVE IT IS to make The B, C. Federationist an effective agency for the uplift and emancipation of the working classes. Every reader of The Federationist can help in this great cause and very necessary work, hy co-operating witb ns in securing subscribers, advertisers and contributors to our columns on any and all matters of local or international importance pertaining to the Labor movement. Help ns, by your literary and news contributions to make The Federationist a live L^bor and Socialist Weekly. DO YOUR BIT. SUBSCRIBE TODAY. GET YOUR NEIGHBORS AND FRIENDS TO SUBSCRIBE. Boost The B.C. Federationist LABOR IN AUSTRALIA Result of Elections to West Australia Givo Labor Substantial Majority The results of last week's elections ln forty-eight electorates of West Australia give the -following state of parties: Labor, 26; ministerialists, 10; ministerial country party, 7; anti- mlnlstefllal country party, 6. A member of the cabinet expresses the opinion that If the government wins the two deferred elections It will ask the governor for dissolution, and lf It loses one or both, It will resign. Money and the Money Trust T AST YEAR when the Bank act wasf under revision, some of our labor comrades expressed criticism. The conservatives said: "What have we to do with the banks? We have no money to Invest." Possibly our previous article may lead some to see how clearly we all are related to the banks and the financial system. The loss of union funds In the Home Bank has brought the lesson home to a good many. The radicals In the movement, on the other hand, said: "We want to abolish the whole capitalist system. Why bother with one manifestation of that system." Well, so long as we are In the system we run up against it at every turn. The man who does a day's job or reads a newspaper is helping to "maintain the Bystem." But further when you think of the banks you get very near to the nerve-centre of the capitalist system. The Investigation made before the committee on banking and commerce was one of the finest studlea ln the mechanism and workings of capitalism that has ever been given to the Canadian public. If we are to fight this thing we calt "the system1' with Intelligence and effectiveness, we must understand something about it, ahd be able to know the weak spots ln Its armour. If we are to put an end to our exploitation, we must know how our exploitation is curried on. The other day I was mystified by a complicated card trick. Then my friend explained It step by step. All was then easy. How do the banks, manipulate money and through money control our lives? Perhaps many of us know of the banks only as we make small deposits, or, on occaaion, seek to secure a loan for some special purpose. We Imagine that the function of a bank Is to take Ih savings and lend these out again. Even If this were so, we must notice that we receive only some 3 per cent. on our deposits, and on the other hand must pay 8 to 10 per cent, for a loan. Here Ib a flne margin of proflt. Probably 1 to 3 per cent, would cover the service charges. But the bank gives out much more than the amount of the saving deposits. Indeed someone says that it Ib well for the banks that people see something going In or they might otherwise wonder how bo much comes out. The banks have from the govern ment the very valuable franchise of the Issuing of bank notes. The dominion government, issues $1 and $2 bills. The private banks Issue all the bills of larger denominations—why? There's a reason! If course the banks are not permit ted to issue an unlimited number of bills—except nt special times they are not supposed to issue more than the amount of their paid up capital. But ln practice, this "paid-up capital" seems to be rather flexible—tf not somewhat gaseous In character. But In any case, this privilege of Issuing bank notes enables the bank practl rally to double Its capital at one stroke. A bank note Is simply a carefully engraved I. O. U. Fancy any other business house Issuing I. O. U.'s to the extent of Its capital Investment —and charging Interest on the I. O. U.'s.! Still further the banka issue credit on securities. Suppose that, aa a small business man, I require, a loan of $1000. The banker will not give me the loan unless I turn oyer to him ample security. He may demand property worth perhaps three times the amount of the loan. In fact, the banker la a sort of high-class pawn-bro ker. I have a watch worth $10, but1 cannot get a bed and breakfast. The pawn-broker takes my Watch and advances me say $10. He puts my credit, or a portion of it, ln a form In which I can readily use It. Bo the banker. But In both cases I give the securities; it Ib my credit. When the banker puts my credit Into liquid form he calls it bank credit—yet whnt has the bank added to It? If the bank in run on sound principles ft has admittedly ample security. But I pay 8 to 10 per cent, on my security. Further from the banks standpoint every loan creates a deposit. I must confess that I used to have a vague Idea, shared, I fancy, by many, that when a bank boasted of Its "deposits," the reference was entirely to "savings deposits." Not so, When I obtain a (Continued from last'week) [By J. S. Woodsworth. M. P.] $1000 loan, the bank gives me a "line of credit" which enables me to draw to the etxeht of $1000. On the other hand, it credits me with having "deposited" $1000. The more a bank loans, the greater its deposits. In one sense the heavier its obligations (presumably well-secured) the better off it is! Is it too fantastic a way to put it, if one should say, that the bank charges interest on .its debts? Stilt one step further. With my line of credit I issue cheques to pay my grocer and butcher. Before thc bank closes for the day, these tradesmen deposit my cheques to their accounts. The bank's deposits are augmented and can be made the basis for fresh loans. Here is where I feel that I've turned two or three summersaults In quick succession and hardly know where I am at." So I shall leave to the mathematically minded the task of following the complicated processes of credit. But tt Is clear that In their power of giving or withholding credit, which Is the life-blood of modern commerce, the banks have a tremendous power. It may be quite true that the savings deposits represent the sacrifices of the poor. It may be true that the share CANADIAN APPEAL For ReUef of Children in British Occupied Area of Germany THEIR STRUGGLE TO EXIST Soup Kitchens Have Been Opened in All Towns to Keep Starvation at Bay (XS BEHALF of suffering children In the BrltlBh occupied area of Germany, an appeal is now being made to the people of Great Britain. It Is backed by more than 60 prominent public men, Including Premier Macdonald, Mr. Lloyd George, Mr. Asquith, many leading churchmen, army and navy officers, members of parliament and others. The appeal, in part, follows: "Cold, hunger and despair are overwhelming large sections of the German people today, both In the occupied and In the unoccupied territory. The ruin, through the collapse of the mark, of thousands of middle-class families, and especially of the old people living on their savings, Is no new story. Their struggle to exist goes on painfully, they are dependent on the precarious charity of friends Inside and outside Germany. Lnrge numbers of Institutions, hospitals, schools and asylums have had to close for lack of funds, and thousands of professional people—partly on account of the closing of Institutions and partly because bo few people are able to pav their fees—flnd themselves Without employment, or wtth ro little that they can scarcely exist. "Trade union funds, sick Insurance benefits, and all such resources are used up. Unemployment has been prevalent throughout the year In the Ruhr and Rhlneland, and now, to add to this sum of human misery, has come a general Industrial collapse. It has resulted tn the partial or complete closing down of factories, with consequent general unemployment all over Germany. The workers, ns well as the middle classes, are now faced with hopeless poverty. Strenuous efforts for the relief of distress have been made by the central nnd local governments. Soup kitchens hnve been opened in nil the towns to keej starvation at bay. Prlvnto institutions nnd Individuals are helping generously. But the need is loo vast to be covered hy a bankrupt government. and tho present help is quite Innde qunte. Subscriptions mny he sent lo, nnd will bo acknowledged by, Mr. O. C. T. Pemberton, hon, treasurer of the Cn- nadtnn committee, Camtdlnn Rank of Commerce, Yonge and College branch Toronto. ♦/holders In the banks are not usually wealthy men. But the directors who control these savings and small re serves of capital are able on their basis to Issue credit where and for what and to whom they will—not infrequently to the personal advantage cf themselves and thetr friends. Further, through the control of currency and credit they may to no small extent, as shown in our previous article, raise or lower the cost of living, and thus affecting in the most vital way the Uvea of all of us. The changing value of government bonds measured in purchasing power, ls an outstanding illustration of the effort of inflation and deflation. The government borrowed during a period of artificial Inflation. When wheat, for example, was worth over $2 per bushel, $10,000 was worth 5000 bush els of wheat—then the bankers brought about deflation. Wheat now being worth less than $1 a bushel, the $10,000 bond is worth 10,000 bushels of wheat. By this manipulation, bond holders gain automatically while the load on the publlo Is practically doubled. Not least Important of the func tlons of the bank Ib the financing of government loans. Why the government cannot do Its own financing Is not clear or is clear only on the re cognition that the government is in the hands of the financiers. .A year or more ago, the dominion government borrowed $100,000,000 In New York, at 5 per cent, interest, paying 2-\_ per cent, commission. That Is by pledging the credit of Canada, the financiers were Induced to advance some 92 % millions credit Why could not Canada have Issued her own credit and saved that 7% per cent? Or why not, Indeed, Instead of burdening the future with our war debts "pay as we go? Why should a part of our citizens be called upon to sacrifice everything at the front while the other part stayed at home tc profiteer ? Aad then—more inexplicable still—why should these selfsame profiteers be given a perpetual mortgage on the rest of the population including those who wero fortunate or unfortunate to return from tho front? This is not wild raving on my part .1. A. Hobson, the English economist ln a recent book writes concerning war finance: "The connection between the Inflation which the governments and banks conspired to produce and the magnitude of war debts is not obscure. The 'money' which the government got by printing notes, by borrow Ing trom banks, or by Inviting banks to give credit to customers in order to Increase subscriptions to war loans (all pure Inflation) they spent in buy ing goods nnd services. Thus prices and profits mounted up the faster bemuse this easy way of getting money made governments more care less In the rates they paid for what they bought. Thc Immense nnd rapid profits—due to the expanding priees, wtth a lag of wages and a virtual crimination of competition—tbe recipients Invested In war-loans, the only authorized nnd available investment." And, he concludes his survey "At the end of the depression virtually the whole of the debt will be held by the well-to-do classes." (Economics of Unemployment). Supplementary to this statement may I quote the opinion of Viscount Milner on the real significance of the war debt and the heavy taxation ne cessary to pay Interest on It—"As re gards that portion (of the national debt) which we owe to ourselves, do contend that It does not represent a dlmlnuatlon of our total national wealth hut a redistribution of its as between "individuals" and again tt (re the national debt) Is nn almost in (olerahlc embarrassment to the government which has perpetunlly to tract money from n greater number of people In order to put It Into 1 be pockets nf a much smaller number. When we consider Ihe wonderful opportunities the banks bave of mak ing money perhaps the wonder Is (hat tbey do not mnke more. Of course the 12 per cent, which tbo shareholders generally derive Is not n bnd return. Rut thnt by no means represents tho "earnings" of tbe banks Large amounts are put away In vnrl mis reserve funds. Sometimes the re serve is more thnn the paid up oapl (Continued on page 2) In U. S. 1,200,000 People Gave Up Their Farms and Left for the Cities IN THE PRESENT SITUATION Co-operation In Victoria Information wae .received by Vancouver Trades and Labor council that the members of the Amalgamated Carpenters union In Victoria, at a meeting last Thursday evening, went in a body to the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners union. Get your workmate to subscribe for The Federatlonist. Of Shall Women of Western Canada Have Justice?—Imperial Act of 1857 Still Law HR. SHAW'S RESOLUTION Religious Views Lead Some to Be Entirely Opposed to Principles of Divorce [By Lucy L. Woodsworth] CURELY it Is time that the one wo- ^ man member In the Ottawa house had some support. Mr. Shaw brought in a resolution last week to place the wife on equality with the husband, as regards the grounds upon which divorce may be obtained. This equality ot Btatus does not exist in the maritime provinces. In Ontario and Quebec there are no divorce courts, but—and this Is the crux of the matter so far as Mr. Shaw's resolution is concerned—the four western provinces are still under the "Matrimonial Causes act," passed by the Imperial parliament in 1867; although in England for some time now, the sexes have been upon an equality tn this matter. According to thts act, while a husband may secure a divorce from his wife on the grounds of adultery, much more Ib required of the wife. She must establish either (a), (b) or (c) of the following: (a) One of four specified types of adultery. (b) Adultery coupled with such cruelty as without adultery would Justify judicial separation. (c) Adultery coupled with desertion without reasonable excuse, for two years or upwards. Thus, Mr. Shaw pointed out, "In addition to adultery, the wife must prove legal cruelty or desertion? Concerning legal cruelty, a statement of Chief Justice Meredith was quoted: "Her life may be a veritable hell upon earth and she is without remedy, If robtiRt enough to suffer It nil without impairment of her physical health or her mentality." Concerning desertion, lt was suggested that the words "without reasonable excuse" afford a very wide latitude. All that Mr. Shaw's resolution required was a simple hit of legislation which would give the women of the four western provinces justice in the mntter of divorce, both as regards wife versus husband and ns regards the women of the west versus the women of the maritime provinces. So much for the resolution an brought In. Those who took part In the debate fell into two groups. The one said, this Ib Justice, but how does it jibe with my personal convictions? My religious nnd conscientious views lend uk to be entirely opposed to the principle of divorce; therefore, I will support no resolution that makes divorce easier lit any woy. To this Mr. Casgrain threw in for good measuro, the argument as naive as hoary—that since creation, women has been and always will be, marked hy Innate weakness and a pronounced Inferiority. The other group said: This is Justice, it ts Imperative that Justice have thc right of way. Mr. McMaster put it this way: "I would make no difference between the sexes. I believe that the necessity for even-handed Justice is a greater necessity even than the artificial restriction of divorce." This view wns upheld by Mr, Yorko, among others. (Query: Are religion and Justice ever at variance?) The only dramatic moment during the debate, was when Miss MacPhail rose—"the mouthpiece of her sex for the whole dominion," one of the members gallantly expressed. This Inw, which treated nn injustice towards women, had been man-made, she snid. Indeed, throughout our body of laws, It was everywhere apparent that in making them, mnn hnd forgotten thnt he was only half or the great human family. She bad sat silent watting for man to undo his handiwork unassisted. During her remarks, one somehow caught a glimpse of the other hnlf of the grent human family silently waiting with bor. Nor wns there lacking n hint thnt it would not be a helpless, hopeless waiting. The discussion wns adjourned, tint the mntter will come up ngnin at n later dato in the session. Conditions in Western Canada Had—Fruitgrowers Leaving the Okanagan [By John Ball] pROBLEMS are something which the farmer has "nothing else but." In fact, most of them have about given up hope of ever, finding any solution for the numerous difficulties which confront the agricultural producers. A friend of the writer is having an auction sale of His household effects this week, and Is leaving the Okanagan. When asked what he intended to do with hiB fruit ranch, he said that he intended to leave it Just where it was, that its future was a mutter of complete indifference to him and that from now on someone else could do the worrying about it. This attitude it. quite general, and those who can raise railway fore, are getting out to seek work elsewhere, mainly in California. The situation Is the same all over the continent, and in spite of a reputed era of prosperity in the United States, the condition there Is for from prosperous for the farmer. In 1922, it was estimated by the agricultural department that 1,200,000 people gave up the farm in disgust, and left for the cities. Four per cent, of the farmers in fifteen of the corn and wheat- growing states have lost thetr farms through mortgages, four and half per per cent! more relinquished them voluntarily, fifteen per cent more cannot pay their debts and during the paat three years one out of every five has gone bankrupt. Conditions In Western Canada are just as bad, and in the beautiful Okanagan valley, where every prospect pleases and only man Is vile, It ls not considered polite to mention money at all, and the class struggle will soon be a thing of the past, because all classes ln the community are broke. Bernard Shaw says that the older he becomes, the more convinced he Is that the other planets use this one for a lunatic asylum. If a visitor from Mars came to the Okanagan and gazed over the expanse of lake-and orchard from the top of one of our mountains, he would likely laugh until his sides ached at the antics of the poor misguided humans. He would see a country unequalled for beauty ahd climate, rich in natural resources, a fertile land ready to laugh an abundant harvest when tickled with a plow; he would find a thrifty, intelligent (?) population whose boast used to be that they were hand-picked, and to make the Irony of the situation complete, he would scon discover that the harder these people worked, and the more wealth they produced, thr poorer they were. For two years the Okanagan fruitgrowers received nothing but red Ink for their crops. (In ense the term may be new to our readers, wc may explain that red Ink on a fruit statement means a debit balance). The pnst yenr witnessed the organization of the Co-opertlve Fruit Growers, which succeeded In establishing an f.. o, b. market Instead of the policy of consignment which almost ruined thc Industry In 1922. It is stnted that the average price realized for a box of apples will he about 50 cents, and ns it costs 80 cents to produce, this particular problem In not solved yet. However, the growers were convinced thut they were doing quite well, and would yet pull through after the Cooperative had become better organized and established. Now, Juki hs we arc settUng back in our seats with a sigh of relief, as the hero, co-operation comes dashing up to pay the mortgage before it Is foreclosed, nnd the white-haired old couple turned out to brave the rigors of an Okanagan summer and to subsist on n meagre diet of sage brush* and fir cones, the orchestra strikes a some- bfrfl chord, the villain sneaks in and knocks the hero for a row of tombstones. The villain Just now is the independent grower, aided and abetted by the flne Italian hand of the Independent shippers. Several large properties producing considerable tonnage, have changed hands lately, and have .passed out of the control of the co-operative into the ownership of independents, who are presumably being backed by wealthy shipping concerns. Unless the cooperative can control 16 per cent, of the tonnage, It cannot function satisfactorily, and is now threatening to disband and let the Industry go down with a smash, which wl)) ruin co-operative girowers and independents ns well. It is difficult to soy at present Just whnt Is going to happen, but one thing Is sure, and that Is that Okanagan fruit-grower is doing more hard thinking than he ever did in his life before. We notice thnt the United Fnr- mers nre making overtures to thc Trades and Lnbor council, which Is nn indication that they arc becoming wise at last. The only'salvation for the farmer lies In making an alliance, economic nnd political, with his fel- low producers, with the object of (Continued on page 4) PAGE TWO sixteenth year. N,. i4 BRITISH COLUMBIA FED-ERATIONIST Vancouver, b. c. FRIDAY April 4, 19: British Columbia Federationist Published every Friday by The British Columbia Federatlonist Business and Editorial Office. 1129 Howo 3t. The polity of Tho B- C. Federationlat Ib controlled by the editorial hoard of the Federated Labor Party of British Columbia. Subscription Rate: United States and Foreign, $3.00 per year; Canada, 92.50 per year, $1-50 for alx montha; to Unions sab* scribing in a body, 10s per member per month. _____ FRIDAY April 4, 1924 srEAJUiVG EVIL OF OUR NEIGHBORS THE unfairness and lack of sincerity on the part of the capitalist press when dealing with questions which effect the working class is so common that It usually calls for no comment. Knowing the functions of the press, and who Its real owners are, we can understand their attitude on such questions. But thc following, taken from the Vancouver Dally Sun, of March 25th, Ib so glaring an attempt to besmirch the name of a working class organization, that we cannot let It pass without a protest: For some weeks paat there has been an influx of undesirables, vagrants and members of the I. W. IV., who have stopped over here for a short time on their route to Vancouver after the failure of the lumbermen's strike in the Interior. It Is thought possible that the crime may have been committed by some of these men, who are of the most degraded and troublesome type. We have no desire to needlessly find fault, and we would even like to be charitable, but we cannot see why the name of the I. W. W. need be mentioned In conneotlon with the most atrocious crime, except for the prejudice of the 'Sun and a desire to "knock" the I. W.'W., because of the favor auch action would receive in certain quarters. The Coquitlam murder was an act of such wanton cruelty and atrocious: ness, that before the name of any individual or group of individuals was mentioned in connection with it, some evidence, circumstantial or otherwise, besides prejudice or spleen should bo forthcoming. We hold no brief for the I. W. W. In fact, we do not agree with their political point of view at all; but we can see no good reason why mention of their name in this connection should have been made, except as we have already stated. There was Junt as much grounds for Baying that perhaps the crime was committed by a member of the board of trade or the manufacturers association. It Ib quite true that the I. W, W. were engaged in a strike recently; but a strike In Itself Is not a crime. We have heard of no acts of lawless* nesa in connection with the lumber workers' strike—indeed, we are of the opinion that the strike was carried on so orderly that it did not at all suit the "upholders" of "law and order" ln some sections. As to these men being of the "most degraded and troublesome type," we have only the. Sun's assertion for that, Neither In this oountry nor yet in the United States, where this organization has been subjected to so much persecution, have they definitely been connected with any criminal act. At this moment we cannot think of any one more "degraded and troublesome"' than the person responsible for the paragraph quoted above. The publication of a statement with so Uttle foundation is so uncalled for that lt borders very closely on inciting to mob violence, As the Sun, In every Issue, prints a chapter from the Bible, ostensibly for the moral uplift of its renders, we will venture to quote briefly from the same authority for the benefit of the Sun, even at the risk of "casting our pearls before swine": "Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angeltt, and have not charity, I am -become as sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal, . . "And though 1 bestow all My uoods to feed tho poor, and though I give My body to he burned, nnd have not charity, U profUcth Me nothing, . . v"And now nhldeth faith, hope, char Ity, these three; but the greatest of theie is charity.—I Corinthians xili 1 3-18." , HOOIAIJHM AM) THE MILK ': TRUST IT ALMOST goes without wiylng, that one of the Ilrst trades that will be dealt with drastically, but along lines that will be of decided benefit to the public, Willi be the milk trade, when labor gets in power. It is obvious, to nny thinking person, that this Ib a trade which .should recolve the most serious consideration. If you go into any one. of our towns or cities and see, as we do here In Vancouver, two or throe milkmen sont-by different retailor* following each other day after day along each street, reflect that this Is one of the reasons why the working man's wife cannot afford to buy milk enough for her growing family Reasonably clean milk is recognized as being one of the best foods for young, growing children, yet here in Vancouver hundreds of our young children arc not obtaining anything like tho amount that is their Just due. Only recently It has been brought to oar notice again that many of our school childron arc not obtaining suf flciont nourishment, and when it came before our city council, they folt themselves obliged to cut off tbe amount of milk that was boing allowed our schools to give the under-nourished children. It is tropic enough to know that we, here in thia land flowing with milk and honey, have children that are under-nourished—we had thought that those conditions only existed in Kussia—but when our city fathers are compelled to cut off necessary allowance, we wonder to what extent this capitalist system will go before it will surrender or bo forced Into oblivion. To think that a few dollars mean more than the health and happiness of our young and innocent children, Is appalling! How do they, how can they justify auch actions? Will they, fn the days that are to come—should the eventuality arise ■have the nerve to aak theae same young children to go out on to the battle field and flght and die for such a system? No dotfbt they will. There seems to be no limit to their nerve on such occasions. The reaaon of the high price of milk is, in general, not to be found In excessive profits to the farmer. Indeed, lt is true here, that in many areas, the contrary is the caae. It would seem that the main cauae for the expense la the high coat of distribution, In some cases more has been allowed for this than for all other expenses, together with the remuneration to the producer. These facts are notorious. Lord Rhondda— that great Individualist buslneas man, who In his old age turned from the successful pursuit of his private proflt to the utilization of hla great pow- in the public Intereats as food controller in England—was reluctantly driven, in spite of his natural bias against socialism, to the view that the only thing to do was to municipalize or closely control the retail distribution and to nationalize the wholesale trade. That, indeed, is the socialist policy, and no' other is adequate to meet the situation. Private Intereats cannot be trusted in a matter of such vital importance to the health and general welfare of the community, in which tlte public interest and the particular interest of the profit-seeking traders often pursue divergent paths. The community should be complete master In Its own household. If, in its opinion, It is desirable, the community should be able to take over the retail distribution of nialk and either to run it direct as a public service, or to handle It under close supervision through co-operative or 6thor authorized distributors. Undoubtedly combines have been able to effect great economies in distribution, by amalgamating unnecessarily competitive businesses and by better organ! zation of its supplies; but moat of these economies have gone to the shareholders, and the public has profited not at all. It is obvious to nny who ha\e chosen to give thiB matter any very serious consideration, that the milk trade must of necessity be one of the flrst to receive the atten tion of any labor and socialist gov. ernment, if In the meantime our anti socialist governments do not see the error of their way, and endeavor to make amends for their past mismanagement, by instituting this much- needed reform. evident to any thinking mind that the various groups of workers which are now struggling along as separate entitles, will eventually combine into one aolld and united force in an effort to protect themselvea effectually from the onslaughts of those who are either too callous' and Inhumane to consider their welfare, or who may be absolutely ignorant as to the pathway that humanity Is treading on Its onward and .upward march towards the goal of human liberty and Justice. So long as our social system continues to operate as it is doing today, disregarding the every-day needs of the work ers and their dependents, we must expect strikes to continue. ...They are but a means, it would seem, that will serve to impress upon the minds of those in control, the necessity of developing a more humane social system; one In which the rule of life will be—"From each according to his abll Ity, to each according to his needs." SEEING THE ERROR OF THEIR WAY A RECENT press dispatch brought us the newa lhat Oswald Mosley, son-in-law of Lord Curzon, has joined the Labor party, If we might judge from the nature of hla letter to Premier Macdonald, in which he said, "You stand forth as the leader of the forces of progress ln their assault upon the powers of reaction, In this grave atruggle I ask leave to range myself beneath your standard," he will be truly welcome. The light is dawning. Capitalism Ib crumbling. The sincere souls who have, through Ignorance, been endavoring to bolster up this decadent system are experiencing an awakening. Those who join *bur forces, feeling that therein lies the greatest opportunity for the giving of honest, earnest and sincere assistance, on their part, to suffering humanity, we bid them welcome. To those who come with any other mo- tive, no matter from party or sect, we 1)1(1 thein stay with their sinking ship. STRIKES—WHAT DO THEY MEAN FOR SO.ME time past, it would seom an though we are experiencing more strikes than we are us n. rule aOOUB tomed to experience In a given time. Such events should nl least stimulate thought on the part of every oue who has the Intorest of humanity at heart, For every effect thero Is a cause; then we should make an honest attempt to seek the cause underlying the groat unrest that is at the root of the mnny strikes that we arc witnessing today. The average human being Ib, as a rule, a very docile creature. Oiven a reasonable satisfaction for the needs that are pressing upon him, he will tolerate a great deal. Circumstances, It would appear, have now arisen when men and women arc next receiving sufficient to provide, with the osaentiala of life, themselves and dependents. They flnd that they cannot Tlopend on others to look after or defend their Intereats, and that It Is a duty thnt has now fallen upon them in all seriousness, that they themselves must took to thofle interests. So' callous have the beneficiaries of the present capitalist syatem become to the needs of their fellowmen, that no otber way Is open to tbe average group of workers, than to Htand up as one body to defend their Just rights and privileges. As time goes on, It will be "Communism, the Next Stage in Social Evolution" <l.»i.ii-in.^i..nni »»»M'»»»»*y**■■■■»«•—■■>■■« ■■■■> i hi h.i«i .«. hi nm hh..|.^w».si,|ih..i„|ihi.»„*> TfHE final address of Dr. Curry's' 'ministration of Roosevelt, and pub -I- -inni.n_. nn ll*,.. <<r>|.r_liliiliiL_ nf T.ifl) llull-lll llV tlio Annanl tr\ Dsncnn Money and the Money Trust (Continued from page 1) tal. Other large sums go into real estate used more or less for bank premises. Again overhead expenses are very heavy. Large salaries for the higher officials and elaborate equipment even in small branches in out- of-the-way places. Further considering the whole banking system, the duplication of services la most wasteful. Why two or three branch bankB In a single hamlet? Why a dozen huge bank buildings within a couple of city blocks? Under modern condl-v tions, competition Is a wasteful and extravagant method of doing business. Mergers are inevitable, but they raise their own problems and at best represent a transition stage In economic development. Again, the bank may have large profits but it often haa huge losses—as the revelations In connection with the failure of the Merchants and Home banks testify. Certain speculations may have proved disastrous. The bank suffers. All who do business help to foot the bill. If the bank fails, It Involves the depositors and shareholders in the disaster. But what If the speculation should prove successful? The bank secures Interest—that is atl; the speculator has the profits, and who Is the speculator? Sometimes one or more of the bank directors. Here we come to the more fundamental evil of interlocking director ates. Whether tho investment is "legitimate" or speculative may make a great deal of difference from the standpoint of good business, and tlie effect on depositors and shareholders. But In either case the effect on tlte public at large may be bad. Mr. A, r bank director, mny lend to Mr, B, au tomoblle manufacturer and refuse credit to Mr. C, house-builder, or Mr, D, cattle-raiser. The automobile industry will flourish while the building industry or cattle raising industry may go on the rocks. Mr. A, as automobile manufacturer, may make large profits, even though the public at large suffers and the bank itself feels the adverse effect of the general depres- sion. But why Bhould Mr. A, as bank director, be permitted to use other people's money for hla own advantage? In Canada frequently the same group of men are directors In a bank, an insurance company, a trust nnd loan, company, a transportation power company, and several big Industrial concerns such as textile, flour, or a rubber, or a pulpwood or mining company. Thua they can con trol the entire induatrlal commercial and financial situation. Indeed, their power does still further for they may have their representation in parliament, and In the cabinet Itself. This is what we call "the money trust." Its ramWcatlons may be traced in every department of complicated Inter-related activities of our modern life. We defy it ul our individual peril. We accept ita sovereignty at tho peril of eociety. Jhe danger of the dominance of the money truat seems to me two-fold. It hus succeeded ln placing a mortgage on us all thnt can never be paid—a mortgage that, In the meantime, reduces tho majority to virtual serfdom, In thc old Feudal days a peasant often worked three daya of the week for the Lord of the eatate, and then wns permitted to work three days for himself. The average Canadian |H really worse off than this. Federal, provincinl and municipal debts, In Anted values and wntered stocks, mid dlemen's profits—all lay an overburdening weight upon Industry. Nomi nally you mny own your own house; the mnn wbo holds the mortgage the real owner. Canada can never prosper till it gets rid of Ub mortgages. Uurri the mortgage and nt wealth Is destroyed. Think that out Read X A. Hohson's and Viscount Mllnor's statements again. Then think n bit harder! Thin brings us to the other way of looking at the danger of the domln ance of tho money trust. The man with a mortgage Is not free. The nntion mortgaged to the money lords li not free. "Work nnd starve, live on hay." The Insh swings over our backs. Economics In public expendl lures on health and education, low- wages, irregular work,, high cost of living, high taxes, all to pay the mort gage, Individuals are bribed or cow od; democracy becomes a sham. So called "political freedom" or "religious freedom" or "academic freedom without economic freedom becomes n hollow mockery. The task of our nge seems to be to win economic freedom, S. K. Johnson, Sponces Bridge- HIs communication la crowded out t. this Issue, but will appear next weok. course on the "Problems of Life and Labor," was delivered on Alarch 21st, and the above subject was dealt with. A good Blzed audience was present, muny of whom had been attending regularly since the opening lecture In October. According to the speaker, the coming of communism Is not a matter of chance. It does not develop from the. consciousness of great men, but is the Inevitable product of natural law, just as is the coming of day, or the return of spring, for man, and his activities are Just as much under the sway of causation as are the movements of tides, or the revolutions of planets. The speaker briefly reviewed some great landmarks of evolution, which he had dealt with during the winter. The whirling of cosmic dust In the making of worlds, the origin of life in the primordial years of this planet, the innate urge of matter to combine and live, the coming of flsh, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and man, were briefly reviewed. Communism the Earliest, and the Coining Form of Society For hundreds of generations our ancestors were savages, and yet in many respects were more fraternal than are the Christian civilizations of today, -for in tribal society there were, no paupers, nor parasites, no millionaires, nor slums, nor palaces. The means o'f life were owned, and operated in common, the hostile environment compelled these primitive men and women to co-operate In order to meet the common foes, and today the same universal urge to live is compelling the exploited masses to combine and conquer their exploiters. The speaker traced alao the various stages of aoclal development, showing how communism merged Into slavery, how slavery enabled the master to live off the toil of his subjects, and how feudalism, based on land as the dominant factor in production, was a still more favorable form of exploitation. Then came capitalism, based on the class ownership of machinery; this is the highest, and at the same time the final stage of class rule in human slavery. For as the communist manifesto says: "The stage haa now been reached where the exploited classes cannot attain their emancipation from the exploiting or capitalist class, without once and for all time emancipating society at large from all exploitation, oppression, class distinctions and class struggles." The Seeds of Social Revolution It is said that the Ice age of half a million yeara ago drove man Into primitive communism. Chattel slavery lasted thousands of years, and was the economic basis of Egypt, Greece and Rome, and the ancient civilizations of the past. Feudalism endured for many centuries, and waa replaced by capitalism, which evolved with machine produotlon. "Capitalism contains within itself the aeeda of Its own destruction." Dr. Curry showed by facts and figures how economic forcea are operating for the coming of communism. Underhand production which prevailed in thoee ages before capitalism, production and consumption balanced under normal conditions, in all com munlties and countries. With hand! craft methods, with galleys and crude sailing ships, and caravans, 'commerce as we know lt, was undreamed of. In thoae days all available labor was usually needed to supply the needs ot the masters and their slaves. The speaker, after stating these facts, displayed aome colored charts which Illustrated the increased exploitation, and unemployment which followed the evolution of the machine and which is evidencing itself today in political and economic chaos. Iron ls the basic commodity of modern capl tallsm. The first chart showed how the increase of productive powers took place In the United States In the sup Plying of pig iron. These facta and figures were taken from "suppressed Information," from the 18th annual lubor report compiled under tHe ad- llshed by the Appeal to Reason, In 1870, the average producer of pig iron turned out 66 tons, annual wages, $453, proflt on each worker, $322- In 1880, the product was SI tons, WftgfcH $504, proflt $500. In 1890, through Improvement! ir. smelting, eaoh sweated slave turned out 260 tons, wages were reduced to $460, profit on each worker, $405. In 1900, Important labor-saving.devices were installed, resulting in 390 tons for each man, wages were $660, profits from each worker going to the shareholders, $900. It should be noted that while the purchasing power of $1 was, during this time on the wane, the number of dollars .received by the producers remained almost stationary, while profits from 1870- 1900 Increased nearly 300 per cent. Our "goose-step" professors of economics dare not mention theBe facts or draw the obvious deductions, yet this increase of surplus value applies to all lines of manufacture and exchange, wherever machinery ls used, Yet what must be the result of this ever-increasing stream of wealth ex traded from the brain and brawn of the modern alave? WageB remain at the point of Bub- siatence, and the consuming power of the masses ls represented by wages, What la dope with the surplus wealth ? For a time It waa turned into new capital and new machinery. The great war was a hideous climax of thla hire of the laborer, kept back by fraud." Another chart showed how increased unemployment kept pace with the development of labor-saving methods. From the year 1890-1903, unemployment In the United States had Increased from 15 to 50 per cent., that Is this percentage of workers were out of employment part of the time, the chief cause being "works closed." But our race which survived tbe ice ages, and successfully conquered the enemies of the past, ls not going to perish meekly, because a parasitic class owns the world's means of life. Dr. Curry also showed how the understanding of and revolt against bun ger and misery expressed Itself in the growth of the socialist movement The conclusion, whtch is obvious, ls that as unemployment, poverty, war nnd all the curses of modern society fan be traced back to production for profit, therefore the remedy Js production for use. This can bc attained only by the working classes capturing power, political and economic, und building up a new social order, based on communism, through whloh alone peace and plenty can be the lot of nil, Tlio Desire of Nations The speaker showed how the Ideals of universal peaee, and brotherhood had been dreamed of, and fought for in all ages. The Hebrews, through their great prophets, auch as Isaiah, Mlcha, Jesus and John, had struggled and died'In battling for thiB Ideal. Even our more modern poets such aa Burna, Shelley, Morris, Whitman, Markham and Tennyson expressed the same forces of social passion. The address was concluded with Ingersoll's "Night and Morning," which ended aB follows: "I see a world of peace, a world where labor reaps its full reward, a world upon which the shadow of the gallows doea not fall, a world without the beggar's outstretched palm, the miser's heartless stoney stare, the piteous wall of want, the cruel eyes of scorn. I see a world without disease of flesh or brain, shapely and fair, the married harmony of form, and function, and as I look life lengthens, joy deepens, love intensifies, fear dies, liberty at last secure and heaven is here, this shall be." Store Opens at 9 a.m. and Closes at 6 p.m. New Tailored Broadcloth Blouses Have Just Arrived T^HE popularity of the broadcloth blouse is demonstrated by the fact that previous shipments have been disposed of in short order. Women who wear tailored blouses appreciate these. That's a certainty. Prices $5.95 and $6.95. 575 Oranvllle Street Phone Beymour 8540 End of Secret Treaties A London despatch on Tuesday, stated that Under Secretary Arthur Ponsonby has announced the end ot secret treaties for Great Britain. In future the government will present every treaty to parliament for 21 days; then ask for ratification. This will make the negotiation of secret pacts impossible. , Mothers' Pensions It ls said that the nation cannot afford the charge for mothers' pen-' slons. I should put lt this way: Can we afford not to give mothers' pensions?—Pethick Lawrence, M.P. A pure tonic beverage— m *:.\ "Purity from first to last" it the slogan of Cascade brewing —eyen the bottles are sterilized. Everything possible is done at B. C.'s model brewery to give you the best beer that Canada's choicest barley and hops can produce. INSIST on "Cascade"- the better beer — at the Government Vendor's.. VANCOUVER BREWERIES LIMITED Always look up The Fed. advertiser, 'Ms advertisement la not published or displayed tty the Liquor Contvo. before making purchases. Board or by tho Oovernment of British Columbia. EASTER STOCKS SACRIFICED AT "FAMOUS" WE bought huge nooks ot tha belt auits, dresses, eoats, ete. Now we have no room to display tbem, aa our new extension Is not yet ready. So we're taken a generous aiioe off the prices to mako them go. You'll be amazed when you realise what great values we're giving now. Famous SSVii. 688 HA8TDW* STBEBT WBST *^ DO you get tbe fullest use of your tele* phone 1 Of course, you uio lt to call up a friend, or plaoe an order wltb a tradesman, but do you always think of it when you need to do something personal. lyt How many times would the telephone savo you time t If a business man, how much money would the telophone save yout Many trips eould be saved, if the telephono were used Instead. The telephone gives direet and prompt communication with that personal touch which brings both parties to a conversation close togethor. That is why it has become one of the greatest factors of business and social life. B. 0. TELEPHONE OOXFAXT Bin* np Pbone Seymoar IIM for appointment Dr. W.J. Curry DENTIST , Salt* 301 Dominion Building VANCOUVER, B. O. FIRST CHURCH OI CHRIST SCIENTIST { 1160 Oeorgia stmt Sunday services, 11 aas. ant -ISO p* Sunday achool Immediately follow! morning ■orviea, «•*-**■---■-- •--.• meeting, 8 o.n.. •01.J0S Birks Bldg. — »uu><,<*.Bh«ij IVUPWI •* Wedneaday teatimon ■■»• fret reading no tIAVE yon ever IumI a reel drink 11 or Pure Apple Older daring tbe lest few -feus? To meat the desires of many clients, we hava introduced recently a pure clear sparkling apple eider in pint botUos, either pure sweat or government regale* tlon S% hard apple eider. Theso drinks are absolutely pure and free from all carbonic sold gaa or preservatives of any nature. Write or phone your order today, Highland »0. VAN BROS. LTD. Older Manufacturers 1985 Commercial Drive, Vancouver, B, 0, Bird, Macdonald & Co. BtllllTlH, lOLHHOM, IM. «01*_08 Metropolitan Building 117 BaMtaia M. W. VUfOOOTBB. B. O. """ " Seymour IM ul iht B. r. Harrison MOUNT PLEASANT UNDERTAKING CO., LTD, AHBCXANOE SERVICE Mainland Cigar Store, 110 OAItRAIA STHKBTT THE PLACE FOR PIPES , WHEN IN TOWN STOP AT The Oliver Room *»•_ CORDOVA STREET Everything Modem Ratea Reasonable EMPIRE CAFE AND GRILL "A Good Plaoe ta Bat" HASTINOS AND COLUMBIA ( BANKING SERVICE /THE UNION BANK OF CANADA, with its chain .*■ of brashes across Canada, and its foreign connections, offers complete facilities for taking care of the banking requirements of its customers, both at homo and abroad. UNK>J!M Established 59 Tears NEW BOOl By BERNARD MoEVOY "Diogenei" of the Vancouver Daily Provinoe VERSES FOR M FRIENDS A SPLENDID PRESENT. AT AIXJ.OOKSTORES Prioe, Cloth $1.60; Paper, $1.00 FRIDAY April 4, 1924 SIXTEENTH YEAB. No. 14 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST VANCOUVER. B. a PAGE THREE The Climax of dentistry value My Celebrated Expression Plates When you know of the beautiful appearance, the scientific perfection, the great utility of these dental plates, you will agree that the price I charge is exceptionally small. Here is dental satisfaction at last. Let me tell you about it. I give you tho benefit of my safe, pain-eliminating methods of extraction without charge when a plate ts ordered. Dr. Brett Anderson Formerly member of the Faculty of the College of Dentistry, University of Southern California; lecturer on Crown and Bridgework, demonstrator on PUtework and Operative Ben* tlstry, Local and General Anmthesia. 602 Hastinga Street West Phone, Seymonr 3881 Oorner Seymour—Bank of Nova Scotia Building Open Wednesday Afternoons, Tuesday and Friday Evenings COFFEE •In ttu flavor Bailing Tia" Best $2.50 GLASSES OX lABTH. OImui not preiertbed onl.il »b* lolutely leitiur;. EMmlnnllon. mad. br «-___«• EyMlfht iMdal- liti. SMUlncllon p»r»n«eM._ Wl irlnd out own lean., —nut dnplleitid br null. * PITMAN Optical House (Formerly Brown Optical Houee) Be n» of the addreif—Above Woolworth'i Store, near Granville, Suite 3d. DavU Ohuaten, 616 HASmaS STBBBT WBST ' Phone Say. 1071 Hand The Federationist to your shopmate when you are through with lt. Vancouver Unions ALLIED PRINTINO TRADES COUNCIL— lleeta aecond Monday ln the month. Preildent, J. R. White; aeeretary, R. H. Noel- anda. P. 0. Boi 66. FED8RATED LABOR PARTY, Boom 111- 819 Fender St. Weat—Bniinetl meetinga •very Wednesday evening. A. Uaelnnu, ohalrman; _. H. Morriion, aec-treaa.; Oto. D, Harriion, 1188 Parker Street. Vancouver, B, 0., oorreiponding leereUry. Any dlitrlet in Britiih Columbia desiring information ra ■eenrlng imkin or tha for* matlon of looal branches, kindly communloata , with ProTineial Seeretary J. Lyle Telford, 534 Blrka Bldg., Vaneoaver, B. 0. Tafc- phone Seymonr 1882, or Falnnont 4938, BAKERY SALESMEN, LOCAL 871— Meeta aecond Thunday every month in Holden Building. Preaident, J, Brlghtwell; financial aeontary, H. A. Bowron, 929—llth Avenue laat. INTEBNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD 01 Boilerm«keri, Iron Shipbuilder! and Help* . en of America, Local 194—Meetings Int f and third Mondaya in eaoh month in Holden 1 Building. President, F. Willis; iecretary, A. Fraser. Offlce hoars, 9 to 11 a*m. and 8 to 6 fcp-m. ' BRICKLAYERS AND MASONS—If yon nee* f brlcklayen' or maaona for boiler works, . ate., or marblo setters, phono Brlcklayen' ■ Onion, 811 Holden Building. • CIVIO EMPLOYERS UNION—Meets flnt f and third Fridays in oaoh month, at 445 Bichards Street. President, David Cuthlll, 2858 Albert Btreet; lecretary-treaiorer, Geo. I Harriion, 1188 Parker Street. ENQINEERS — INTEBNATIONAL UNION ot Steam and Operating, Looal 882— Ueeti every Wednesday at 8 p.m., Room 806 Holden Bldg. President, Charles Price; bnsiness agent snd flnsnclsl seeretsry, F. L. Hunt; recording secretary, J. T. Venn. CITY FIREFIGHTERS UNION NO. 18— President, Neil MacDonald, No. 1 Pirehsll; i secreUry, 0. A, Wation*, No. 8 FirehaU. .OENERAL LABORERS UNION—MEETS . evok,' first and third Monday in Holden hBuilding. President, J. R. Hawthorne; flnan- Fcisl seoretary, A. Padgham, Joyce Road P. 0., ■ Vancouver, B. C.; recording seeretary, 0- ■.Tether, 2249—45th Ave. East, Vaneonver, ; fB. Q. , [ MUSICIANS MUTUAL PROTECTIVE'' UNION, Loosl 145, A. F. of M.—Meets at > Moose Hall, Homer Street, second Sunday, at 16 a.m. Presidont, Ernest 0. Miller. 991 'Nelson Street; secretary,' Edward Jamieson, »991 Nelson Street; flnsnclsl secretary, W. E, Williams, 991 Nelson Street; organiser, F, Fletcher, 991 Nelaon Street. -FEDERATED SEAFARERS' UNION OF B. 0.—Meeting nights, flrst Tuesday and 8rd Friday of each month at headquartera, 818 Cordova Street West. President, D, 0111*1- pie; vice-president, John Johnson; secretary- tressurer, Wm, Donaldson, address 818 Cor F dova Street West. Braifth sgent'i addreai: Qeorge Faulkner, 576 Johnion Street, Victoria, B. 0. STREET AND BCB5TBJ0 RAILWAY EM* ployees, Pioneer Diviiion, No. 101—MeeU K. P. Hall, Eighth and Kingiway, Iat and 3rd Mondaya at 10:15 a.m. and 7 p-m. Pre- | Lldent, F. A. Hoover, 2409 Clarko Drive; recording secretary, - F. B. Orlflln, 447—6th iAve. East; treasurer. A F. Andrew; financial iecretary and buslneas agent, W, H. Cottrell, 166—17th Ave. W. Ofllce, oorner Prior and Main Streets. Phone Fairmont 45047 THE VANCOUVER THEATRICAL FEDERATION—Meote at 091 Nelson Street, at 11 ».m. on the Tuosday preceding the 1st Sunday of the month. President, E. A. Jamie- ■son, 991 Nelson St.: Seoretary, 0. fl. Williams, 991 Nelaon St; Business Agent, F. Fletcher, 991 Nelson St. TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, No. 386—Presl. dent, R. P. Pettipiece; vice-president. J. >M. Bryan; secretary-treasurer, R. H. Neelands. P. 0. Bos 66. Meets last Sunday ot eaeh month at 8 p.m. ln Holden Building, 14 Hastings Street Bast, Personality We have got to find a society that will enable each Individual in the community to be able to realizo* all the expression of his personality, to be able to use his gifts to the best advantage in order to add to the wealth of the community and to make life a much richer and fuller thing, says Mr. Stephen, M.P. Many Features at Orpheum Trie variety is demonstrated thia week 'in the wonderfully diversified new vaudeville bill at the Orpheum. There ls offered a bill of varied acts that delights the hearts of kids of all ages between aix and sixty. Ilrekar's bear comedians are abaolutely the fun nlest trained animals seen in Vancou ver. There are four cinnamon and two grizzly cubs. Then there is the lavish mystery and Illusion act of the Oreat Leon and company, who carry a carload of effects. In rapid succession there are produced clever near- miracles which make the audience gasp with astonishment. "Fire and water" is an Illusion entirely new and unique. Beautifully staged and lighted and interpreted by a company of seven artists "The China Blue Plate," in three scenes Is a worthy heart-reaching story based on an old Chinese legend of a lovers' quarrel and Its consequences. Grette Ardlne. danseuse, Is worth headline honors on any bill; She produces "The French Model," a dancing story, assisted by a capable company. Charles Olcott ahd Polly Ann In "Charlie's Songs," aided by Eddie Lambert, and their flne song recital Is featured by a two-piano duet number immensely pleasing. Bobby .Randall, blackface comedian, draws upon a wealth of fun-making material and succeeds for wholesale laughter. He proves himself a better man than Gunga Din. Truly Shattuck and Emma O'Nell, with their "Odd Moments in a Vodvil Way," completely capture the favor of their auditors, with their laughs on life adroitly presented. The usual picture attractions! and concert orchestra selections complete this splendid bill. The Orpheum vaudeville season offers only three more bills. Organic Evolution [Keeping ln mind that the beat is1 none too good for the readers of The Federationist, it has been our good fortune to obtain from the pen of Prof. Charles Hill-Tout' a series of articles on Organic Evolution, and to have them written In a manner that can be readily understood by the layman. It will be realized that the writer of these articles can speak as one with authority, when it is known that the professor is a member of- the executive committee of the American School of Research, member of'the American Archeologlcal Institute, Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, and of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain; that he was a special investigator of'the British Association for the Advancement of! Science, and that he was a special lecturer through a long term of years for the Archaeological Institute of America and travelled from ocean to ocean pursuing his studies and presenting their results before scientific bodies.— Editor.] s. c, LAST SHOW SAT. NIGHT BREKER'S BEARS And a Tip-Top BIB of Vaudeville Starting Wednesday Night Majlnsis Thursday, triday, Saturday A Bill Away Above Par In Entertainment Valuo ' BEEMAN and GRACE RUSSELL and PIERCE Clarence Nordstrom (A SURPRISE ACT) "World of Make Believe" Conlin and Glass Inez Courtney Attractive Plctnrss Ooncort Osehaatra Nights SSe, 60a, 730, |11 Plus Mat, Wsskday 14c, 28c, 36oV t% Mat. Saturday. 14c, 8Bc, ggej Tax PRINCE RUPERT TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, No. 418—President, 8. D. Macdonald, eeoretary-treunrer, J, U. Oampbtll, P. 0. Box S89. Meets last Thursday of noh month. With our low overhead expense, we can save you money. Men's Tan Boots, Goodyear welt. Special.. $*I.*IB Men's Tan Work Boot; viscol sole, apeclal $-1.00 Gli-h' Whito Running Shoes, 11 to 2, at 50o Brill Caps, Just in, at $2.25 and •2.50. Mon's Silk Sox, assorted colors, at JBc Boys' Blue Serge Knickers, $1.25 Boys' Heavy Rtl> Cotton Hose, 6 to 10. Special, 3 pairs....$1.00 Arthur Frith ft Co. Mon's and Boys' Furnishings Hats, Boote and Shoes 2813 MAIN STREET Between 7th and 8th avenues Phone, Fairmont t i [By Charles Hill-Tout, F. R. s F. R. A. I., Etc.] (AU Eights Reserved) WHEN rightly considered the his- " tory of the progress of human thought is essentially the history of the succession and dominance of ideas. A very little reflection soon convinces one that the human mind is ruled and controlled entirely by ideas. Nothing is easier to demonstrate than this fundamental truth. One has only to cost one's thoughts back over the history and development of religious conceptions, and recall the influence they have exercised at all times, over men's minds and actions, to flnd abundant evidence of the truth of this statement. The progress of astronomy, physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, biology, and other sciences, all alike illustrate this succession of dominating ideas. Every now and again some outstanding genius, some superman, arises who gives to the world some illuminating concept — some great generalization—which pours a flood of light Into the dark places of the human understanding and makes intelligible and clear for us things and principles which before were dark and obscure. Such a superman was Newton. His formulation of the law of gravitation brought such light and order Into our conceptions of the universe, that it can be Justly said of him that before his time, the universe was without form and void; and where before was only darkness, light now* shines. To have perceived a law applicable not only to terrestrial matter*, but also to the planets and sun itnd ftli the starry hosts of heaven, was assufc-.tttJ'' one of man's greatest achievements. Such an accomplishment makes manifest, In part, at least, the marvellous powers which lie dormant in the human mind awaiting unfoldment. And while there has been no lack of geni- uses-slnce Newton's time, there Is perhaps only one other who ranks with him In the wide influence his conception has exercised in the domain of human thought, and that ls that re* markable personality of the last century—Charles Darwin. Darwin's great generalization—organic evolution—ranks equally with Newton's Law of Gravitation in its illuminating and unifying power. Not a single department of human knowledge is now free from Its pervasive influence; and although Darwin ap piled the evolutionary principle more particularly to the problems of bio logy, in the hands of others, it has proved a master-key to the solution of a host of other problems, and has brought light and understanding in other departments of human thought where before was only a confused and perplexing mass of seemingly Isolated and unrelated facts. The Doctrine of Evolution, taken in Its widest application, is, indeed, even a greater discovery than Newton's; for it <is the law of laws—the foundational principle cf the universe —gravitation itself being included within the sphere of Its activity. Nothing in the universe seems exempt from the operation of the law of evolution, nnd nothing Illumines the dark plnces of our humnn understanding so much, or enables us to realize so clearly and fully tho powor and transcendence of that Intelligent and Creative Principle which lies behind, and is Imminent In all exlstonco, as this universal law of evolution, or unfoldmont. Of late we have been witnessing, in certain quarters, and particularly in tho Eastern States of the American Union, a curious recrudescence or revival of that blind, unreasoning prejudice against the Doctrine of Evolution which first met Darwin's formulation of his great law. So bitter have boen the attacks, nnd so false and misleading the statements of the leaders of this movement, In respect of the prosent status in Science of the Doctrine of Evolution, that the executive of the American Association for the Advance of Science—the most learned nnd the most representative of all the scientific bodies on this continent— thought lt desirable, In the-Interest of sclontlflc truth, to Issue at one of their recent meetings a public manifesto, declaring thnt men or science everywhere regarded the Doctrlno of Organic Evolution as one of the most Illuminating and firmly-established of truths known to modern science. These childish and- futile attacks- sponsored for the most part by persons without scientific training who have no real knowledge of what the Doctrine of Organic Evolution stands for, and who commonly confound, the Indisputable fn< t of evolution with the fnct ors by which lt operates—a wholly different problem which science frankly admits is not yet fully solved ■—have had at least one satisfactory rosult. They have aroused in the public mind a new and deeper Interest in the subjeot of evolution, which is seen to declare Itself in a desire on the part of a number of persons to make themselves acquainted with the nature and character of the evidence upon which the Doctrine of Organic Evolution has been established. It Is this desire bo commonly expressed by the choice of subjects taken up in our Open. Forums, our debating societies and elsewhere which has prompted the writing of this series of articles; the purpose of which is to enable the readers of The B. C. Federationist who may be interested in the subject, but who have neither the time nor the necessary training to make a first-hand study of the matter for themselves, to become ^acquainted in some measure, at least, with the character of the evidence upon which [.science has founded the doctrine of organic evolution, with the least expenditure of time and effort on their own part. And they may rest assured, that nothing will be stated in these articles which Is not generally held by our leading authorities or which has not received the sanction of science. And now let us here at the start, come to a clear understanding of JuBt what is meant by the term "Organic Evolution." Thia is Important, for no term seems to have been more mis-1 understood than this, and much con fusion and needless controversy haB arisen as a consequence. By Organic Evolution, then, we mean the gradual unfolding and branching out into a multitude of dl vergent forms, of a Bingle, prlmal'life germ, which came into existence on this globe, or which manifested itself here, in the dawn of earth history. In other words, that the stream of life haB been continuous and unbroken from the flrst appearance of organic forms on this planet down to our own times; and further, that every living form* that has ever existed in past times or which now exists— man himself Included—has arisen from, and ls genetically related to, some earlier pre-existing form. This Ib the law of life as conceived by Darwin and applied by him to the problems of biology; and this Is what we understand arid mean by the term "Organic Evolution." ThiB conception of life and of living things opposes itself directly, as will readly be seen, to the so-called Mosaic story of the .creation and flfgf appearance of life-forms on this globe, as related in the two first chapters of the Hebrew Scriptures. It is nonetheless worthy of careful coAstderd- tion on that account. VlSwed in this way, Organic Evolution id fift<m to be nothing more than a specific case of the much wider and more general law of evolution, we may perceive in operation throughout the whole universe. And that such a general law exists and Is universally applicable has been made abundantly clear, during the past quarter of a century, ln relation to the constitution of the heavenly bodies generally, and of our own world in particular. Modern Astronomy has advanced so rapidly of late years that astronomer are now able to show us worlds In the making; and we may perceive and understand how such bodies as our own Bun arise by gradual development or evolution from the diffused and in visible star-dust of space to visible nebulous masses; and from these whirling and condensing bodies again to individual suns and planets. We may now actually watch the process of world-making stage by stage; for in the Immensities of space there are unnumbered bodies In every phase of development or evolution, from condensing Btar-dust to such mighty orbs as Betelgeuse, and from these to declining and darkening suns. We are told there are as many of these latter which have run their course, as of luminous bodies. We even know the present phase through which our own sun is passing. We are certain that it has long-since reached the zenith of Its splendour as a luminous body, and Is now gradually sinking Into the obscurity of old nge, and will one day become one of the dark and Invisible bodios of space. In a very real sense we may apeak of the celestial bodies of space as passing through their periods of birth, youth, maturity, old age, and finally, decay. They do all this in their own way ns surely as do tho forms of life on our earth. Evolution, the Inw of endless, unfolding and integrating chunge, is everywhere the law of existence. In the same way tbo science of terrestrial phyrtlcs Illustrates this same general law of evolution-.. Matter Is now no longer regarded as that ln- destructlblo substance or entity It was formerly thought to be. We now know that It can vanish out of existence or be transformed Into something from which all the known characteristics and properties of matter have disappeared. Instend of being distinct from energy—a something to be influenced and affected by it—In its last analysis It now becomes one with energy Itself; the two entitles being but different phases of one and the same thing—that invisible and Intangible something, the great physicist, Lodge, has called, tho Ether of Space; matter being now regarded as the static expression of this unseen substratum of the universe nnd energy as Its dynamic expression. Out of this primeval womb of nature, the source of both matter and energy,'we may thus perceive how our material universe has boon cnlled Into being, and been built up stage by stage. In other words, how it has been evolved from something relatively simple and primordial to its present complex and multifarious condition. First appear those primal ele ments of matter we call electrons and protons. These combining in groups make up and constitute, according to their number and configuration, the different substances known to chemistry. These are the "atoms" of matter. Groups and combinations of these make up and constitute the molecules or larger particles of matter, and these combining again make up the molar forms of matter familiar to our senses. Thus, wherever we look in the universe, we flnd the law of evolution ls being manifested by the operations we perceive going on there. *, It is this very character of universality which manifests Itself so widely that forms ane of the strongest arguments on behalf of the Doctrine) of Organic Evolution. It creates in our minds a strong presumption wholly in its favor; for it ia quite unreasonable to suppose that what is ob-; served taking place everywhere else ln the universe, Is Inoperative in, and excluded from, that particular portion of it we term the realm of or-! ganlc matter. Our reason rebels against such a view. And now, having demonstrated the reasonableness of the Doctrine of Organic Evolution, we will pause here and take up the argument again along another line in the next article. (To be continued) RECONSTRUCTION (Continued from last week) [By O. L. C] TMiE beat example of reconstruction yet seen ln Canada is the national debt. On armistice day, ft is said to have been $1,382,000. It is now at leatst doubled. According to a recent Toronto dispatch, the federal and provincial debts combined, amount to $500 for every person In Canada. A recent advertisement in the Vancouver press quoted the debts of certain British Columbia municipalities at nearly $250 per head, so we each and every one of us owe about $760, At 6 per cent, lt meana that the man of the houae has to pay interest amounting to $187.60 per year in perpetuity It seems, if\he have a wife and three olive branches. This condition of affairs Is a necessary part of the capitalist system. Without It, one great section of the capitalist class would be deprived of its means of life. How sad to think of it. To suggest therefore that a government, r£fyr£8*mtive of capitalistic In- terete- sjiquh) t$Kg on the Job of rearranging affairs'of ffi? t.?"!.*1? «£ thai the debt would bear no interest, yet would have full value tn assets behind it, is tp suggest that the capitalistic system commit suicide. One cannot imagine them doing it. In 1921-22, the Oliver government voted $500,000 as their share (one- third) of the relief money doled out that winter. One significant fact was that it could not be used by the municipalities ln any constructive way. It was cheaper for a municipality to give the money nway than to carry on relief works. Not a trace of It remains except a memory. The*concIusIon is plain. We can-| not expect a capitalist government to do It for us. We will have to do It for ourselves. Send reinforcements to Woodsworth snd Irvine at Ottawa; to Guthrie and Neelands at Victoria, and send them In such numbers that they can be effective. Any plan of reconstruction demands flrst a comprehensive knowledge of the needs of the people on the one hand, and of the natural resources and the means of converting them into useful products on the other hand. Almost all of the data needed is already In the hands of the governments. Enough of the country's resources are also in thetr hands to enable them to make a start. The Dominion of Canada, the province of British Columbia, and some of the other provinces own railways und other ways Of transportation, and own or control landB, forests minerals, etc., accessible from railway or river. They also have oceans of fish as well as other resources. They all have Idle men. Can they not see their duty to bring the two together? Generally the "back to the land" Idea means getting out in the wilderness, grubbing out a bunch of stumps, enough to make room for a few spuds, a fow chickens and a very few years of It is enough for most peoplo, What Is needed Is a back to the land movement so co-ordinated lhat all the resources may bo used to provide material for all tho varied capabilities and kinds'"- of skill avail-j able In the human element concerned. The principle has been admitted in part by the creation of .such bodies as the harbor commissioners. Even a superficial survey of their activities1 shows that they directly (and Indirectly through creations of theirs) many men of many trades and callings; some skilled and some unskilled. They can bo said to be quite successful. $ An extension of this principle, conducted on a non-lnterost bearing plan, as outlined In a previous article, would be a good start on a genernl scheme| reconstruction of one side of our existonce. the Industrial, Il must, however, be large enough to employ every man or woman who neods employment. A SPECIAL HOOVER FOR a limited time only we will place a Hoover in your home for the initial payment of $4.50 The balance you can pay in equal amounts covering a whole year— this is an opportunity that hundreds of people having spring cleaning to do will be eager to take advantage of, for with a Hoover you can spring clean without any fuss at all—and you do it more efficiently end in quicker time, No need to take up the carpets or rugs—the Hoover will clean them on the floor. A demonstration in your home will be gladly given on request. Price Caah M.50, balance $6.25 monthly.. $79.50 Oe_ with attachments, complete Caah $4.50, balance 17.50 monthly. $94.50 y. vuroouvn, b. o. Labor and the Poets BLAKE THE ANARCHIST [Frances Wills] pERTAINLY William Blake was on the side of us who rebel against the present order—.f/ngft^ ^ call ourselves -socialists, communists ot laborltes. For he was an anarchist; he was against law and order as we know them, To him, law and order as they exist til thd world, were dull and evil and maintained by fear, envy and selfi_-Hn6s«; (Surely, we agree). He could trust kin Ifltftliiets; He needed no outside force for thii trUH man is a law unto himself. Blake's religion is most interesting. conservative worships a dead radical.** This is almost laughable; lt is cheering to know that what is scoffed at as Insane radicalism today, will be th* accepted opinion of tomorrow. Jesus, Buddha, Wycliffe, Luther were radicals ln their day. .Thst **$ ^s VPflWr Btand them *v£ttQf tl0Vfi H0 are we learu'ing to understand the poets—r Blake among them, We ftr? learning something ot his love for all life—' life in all its careless and Joyous manifestations; something of his np' preciation of Its beauty and seeing with new eyes Its details. Though we may neither appreciate nor understand Blake's mysticism whtch was largely influenced by gwedenborg, we cannot fail to be delighted Wtth hla "Songs of Innocence and Experience," and like him, "see a world In a grain of sand; and a heaven in a wild flower; hold infinity in the palm of your Like Shelley, he regarded state nnd I "and, and eternity in an hour. church, king and priest as types of hateful tyranny and repression, yet one can call Blake a Christian, while Shelley was an athelat. Blake, at least, believed In the religion of Jesus, the "religion of continued forgive ness," he called lt. The question of what we shall believe would be answered by the poet thus: "We have all the wonders of sense and imagination, and what man could rejoice in an unknown world (heaven) who finds no pleasure In field and sky?" Again, ho writes: "He who would do good must do It in minute particulars; gen eral good ls the plea of thc scoundrel, the hypocrite and flatterer Like all the revolutionary poets, he loves freedom; he Ib, In fact, "the liv Ing spirit of freedom, and therefore, rebellion." Unlike most of us, ntus- who are drilled and exercised into other people's interpretations who cannot look at life on our own account. He sympathizes with the repression of children when he says: "How can the bird thut is born for Joy, sit In a cage and sing? How can a child when fears annoy, but droop his tender wing, and forget his youthful spring?" Blake would hove to write those words today, wei'e he alive. The poet gives us another saying which we can apply to our own time. He says: "It Is not the Cloths nor the monks that desolate Europe with war; it Is the classics." We might sny this exaggeration and blame all three. Hut our adhesion to old Ideas; Tibetan oxelusiveness nre undoubtedly the main muses. Consortium is a fault. Yet remember as someone has remarked: CITY Or VANOOUVER Tenders for Making Uniforms THE UNDERSIGN ED will HOfilvo tenden up tn 5 o'clock p.m. Tucitday, April 15, 1924, tor making Kirc. Police, Electrical end Health Department Uniforms. A marked cheque for Ihe (turn of $.100 muni accompany tender. ■Specifications and tender (onus can he *>h- talned at my office. JAMES STUART, Purchasing Agent, But Blake, the mystic, the prophet, like all of us, was disillusioned to some extent. Life was not all good, and there was a problem of good and evil. He saw the miseries of his day (and ours): "Is this a holy thing to see In a rich and fruitful land. Babe:, reduced to misery. Dead with cold and usurous hand?" he writes. And he Beea the bigotry of religion and the cruelty of the law, and with hia boldness and consistency, attacks them all—the "Mind-forged Manacles." And he saw the workers' plight. Writing In England In honor of Mil- ton, the poet, he says: "And did those feet in ancient time Walk upon England's mountains green . . . On Sflgland's pleasant paat* urea Heen?" And iti.l the countenance divine, Shine fui'ih upon our clouded lulls, Aud was Jerusalem bullded here Am.nig thut dark Satanic Sll lis? I will not cease from mental light Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand. Tilt we have built Jerusalem In England's green and pleasant land. Workers, we who ran perceive his moaning and catch a glimpse of his vision (and we must bave vision)— here In this last verse Is an encouragement for us. Every reader of The Federatlonist can render valuable etftlstanco by renewing their subscriptions ns soon ■■ Ihey are due, and by Inducing another . worker to subscribe. It docs not take Your true [ much effort to do this. Try It. Britannia Beer Can't Be Beat THE NAME TELLS YOU THAT THE LABEL STANDS FOR PURITY NO-iK itirni-.u MADE Govornment storm In British Columbia always liavo a Roodly supply of IlKITANNIA lll'.till. Tlio rest Is up to you. Order "Britannia" Boer, and be sure your order Is tilled exactly. PAGE FOUR sixteenth year, no. 14 BRITISH COLUMBIA FEDERATIONIST vAncovvm. _.a FRIDAY April 4, 1824. ( mc Labor (Continued from page 1) with the information that only tentative arrangements had been made, but that Delegate Pritchard had been retained as editor and Delegate Watts as business manager. "With the handicaps under which they were laboring, he said, it would be impossible to publish before the 18th inst,, even should Ihey desire to go ahead. Although given authority to proceed when they had the sum of $500 in sight, the committee had no recommendation to make. Delegate Watts reported progress, and said that many of the advertisers were holding off until they saw what the paper was to be like. Delegate from the Molders said his organization were withholding their support because the Federated Labor party had takon over The Federationist, and thoy felt there was not room lor two labor papers. Delegate Flynn outlined the early stages of negotiations, whereby they were to take over the Longshoremen'B Strike Bulletin, and continue this without cessation, following the settlement of the hitter's strike. It was the idea to continue the paper along the same lines as the Bulletin, which seemed lo ill I the bill very nicely, and to retain Delegate Pritchard as editor. Delegate Jamleson decried the lack of information available from the committee who had the matter in charge. j A lively discussion eiwued, the trend of which showed that labor was by no means united on the advisability of issuing a newspaper along the lines of the Longshoremen's Strike Bulletin, fathered by the longshoremen ■during*^ the conduct of their recent strike. Despite the failure of the committee to offer any recommendation, a motion that they be authorized to proceed, with Delegate Prltchard as part- time editor, was finally carried. a / TUBBY If Uncle Herb Has The Crust To Try This, He Ought To Get Rich By WINNER MV UNCLE HERB, WHAT HAS THE FARM IS VISITIN' AT OUR HOUSE *if* DID HE BRING VOOTHEBVSICKUl HE SAID HE'D GET VOU WHE.H .HE GOT RICH? V»EU,HE DUmTttT RICH YET, HE WAS TRYIN6VRAISE A NEW KIMD OF PIE OH HIS fARM 80T HESAIDSUOTHIMG WENT WRONG WITH IT/ — -p ' 6EEWHI77ERS-] V'OOH'T RAISE PIE ON A . FARM-YW HAVTABOVEM IM A BAKERY (■ BUT THIS IS A AEW *1NDA PIE-VOUHAVTA APIA EGGPLANT AN' A MILK WEED TOGETHER TGET CUSTARD Pfe JOT IT DIDN'T WORK *f\ _A**?*^> Farmer Problems (Continued from page 1) overthrowing ah economic system which has outgrown its usefti Incss, and which Is ready for the discard. The time Is rotten ripe for a Farmer- Labor party, and no other can lead ub out of the Industrial swamp in which we are at present floundering. Without the socialist phisosophy, the farmer will get nowhere, and without the aid of the agricultural population, labor alone has not the strength to win. Each may still preserve its. identity, .and yet work with the other for a common cause, the overthrow of capitalism. The hammer and sickle are prophetic emblems. Women Mast Organize HII |ii|i|.H *"»»H"» Somebody has said that you cannot tinker with economic laws. Unfortunately you can.—James Maxton, M.P. Patronlie Federationlit advertisers. Plan Your Trip Early . Every Assistance Offered Reservations and Passports Secured , ' TOURIST ANU TRAVEL BUREAU 5!7 Granville Slrcrt Freah Oat ftewere. Funeral Deatfna, Weddtnc nonquota, Pet Planta, Ornamental aai Shads Tree* Seed* Bulbe, norma' Suntfrleo Brown Brothers & Co. Ltd. PIXJIUSrS AND NURSERVMEN 48 Hut__ci Stnet Beat t—8T0RBS—_ tM Granule street Sej. M8-«7J "SAY IT WITB FLOWBB8 " Sty. M1S-1M1 OTOVES AND RANGES, both malleable and steel, ^ McClary's, Fawcett's, Canada's Pride, installed free by experts; satisfaction guaranteed. Cash or 12.00 per week. Canada Pride Range Company Ltd. 346 Hastings Street East Sey. 2399 pmm*m0ma*mmwmmmmm**m% i Ask for i "OLD ENGLISH" Pale Ale A fcUodfed, flu flmred Ale Unt will eampaM In quality with auy et Has nuiwwii Imported dv, and at modi tea coot to the I ___ tha Uajam Control Board British Columbia. At all GormnM* Tendon ia not pnfaUafaed « diaphyed by \\ff tatt UOfCTDlOtOt OT *a*m_#****i*^^ f A Worker'H letter Dear Micky,—Thank you for the letter you never sent. I know you think I'm a fathead for leaving Blighty; but a rolling stone gathers no moss, and personally I'd sooner not gather moss—whatever that means. So write. I managed to get work in & big department store, and "digs" in small boarding house, but I found after a week that by the time I'd paid for my board, car tickets, face cream and rouge (to say' nothing of hairpins) and dutifully given church collection, I'd very little left for—I say, my mind, or for pleasure. I i now I've got a room and I look afteu my own "grub." True, I bark my shins or skin, my elbows or break some thing every time I cook or clean, because my "cube" is so small, but that's nothing. I'm compensated, though; my artistic soul rejoices in the landlady's texts. My favorite is, "Never do today what you can put off until tomorrow." No, I've got it muddled; no matter, though. I work from 8:30 until 5:30 in a dress department. Part of the time I'm so busy that I get all tied up ln a knot; the rest of the time I'm bored stiff. I try to amuse myself by speculating about Jean's false hair, or the boss's home or the holes in the manager's socks. Oh, I'd love to smuggle In a "penny dreadful" to read; but I daren't. " Sometimes the airy, graceful scented creatures who do their shopping In | the morning, "get my goat." , They're so darned supercillious and inconsiderate. Sometimes, I wonder why their, lives are so full of the beautiful things only while ours are so drab, so uninteresting. I'm not envious; I only wonder. The afternoon people are just as provoking. One woman brought jn a brood of youngsters and had me flt them with the Lord knows how many dresses. Then she departed without buying anything. Some women are the giddy limit. Another looked through all the blue dresses she could flnd; then her sister reminded her she'd already got one. But, you know, Micky, you can't blame them; they've to consider every dollar, but still— Oh dear, I get so tired; my poor! feet nearly on strike; my head aching, with the bustle and stuffiness; my mouth opening and shutting in big yawns at my pretence of being busy, and interested sometimes. And the air gets frightfully hot and devitalised In these stores. Now do you see why girls insist on rouge? Well, a few days' experience haB shown me that we girls earn all we get—and more. That reminds me: I've chummed up with a queer 'osity who has the next room. I thought at first she had a slate loose, but I don't now. She's always harping on the fact that working girlp should organize and form unions. I wanted to know why, and she said, "you chump! You'd get your rights then; shorter hours, minimum wage at least, better conditions, less unemployment, and a fund to back you up ln the enforcement of these or in case of strikes." Thnt reminds me, we are forbidden to disclose the amount of our salaries. Perhaps that ls to evade the minimum wage act; I don't know, though. I was so tired that I didn't hear all she snld. She wanted me to go to a meeting about socialism or labor, but I told her I was fagged out and wanted to forget business for a few houra. She seemed to understand. She said, "No, I guess you can't be expected to work out your own salvation; your education haB been wrong; everything Is wrong, Someone's got to go ahead for you," I felt sorry afterwards when I realized she worka all the hours Odd ■ends, and yet finds time to think and work for ub girls. So I'm going with her next time, and I'll tell you all about tt. Now I'm going to roost, good night, sweet chuck, your loving slater, LIZZIE. P. R—Don't get the Idea that we're a lazy bunch who want all for nothing. We don't mind work, P. P. S.—Glad our town beat Liverpool at soccer. Labor's Policy—Burdens Imposed by Oreat War Increases As Tears Pass THE SITUATION IN CHINA Empire Emigration "Loyalty" and "economy" are fash lonabte and popular words very much mlBU&ed nowadays by many politicians. Why not use antonyms such as "unalllgrant," "rebellious," "pro* dfgallty," "waste," "maladministration," etc.? They would explain the whole truth better. Si-mi In Your lluiullc Orders Now Prices for The n. C. Federationist ordered in bundle..: Fifty for $2, 100 for $3.60, 500 for $10. Mailed tn any add reus. Politicians Realize What Honest Diplomacy Means to National Welfare [By C. Birch Crisp] |V|R. WINSTON CHURCHILL'S gibe at labor that it could not govern, will be disproved when labor in office resolves the legacy of errors in for eign policy which it Inherited from Its predecessors. In some Quarters a Plea Is advanced for continuity in foretgii policy, irrespective of which party is: in power. Those who speak in that1 strain are evidently out of touch with popular opinion. Lord Orey is credited with the view that popular Interest in foreign affairs and British diplomacy Ib dwindling. His lordship is mistaken; all intelligent politicians of both sexes realize nowadays the 'bearing which sound policy and honest diplomacy have upon national welfare. The burdens imposed by the great war upon all classes of the community press more heavily as each year passes. Consequently the diplomacy which preparedthe way for England's participation in the war will be scrutinized more thoroughly with the passage of time. The majority of the British people may think that England's participation, was inevitable, but an Increasing number ot merchants and bankers ask that ln future sufficient warning shall be given them when engagements are made which conflict with the trend of recognized national policy. Up to the end of July, 1914, the doctrine of non- participation in a continental war by England was regarded by most people as axiomatic. Lord Orey gave the public no indication of any change of national policy until too late. From the labor government candor Is expected. Prompt redemption of a pledge has already shown itself In the recognition of Russia, The trading community looks for realistic treatment of outstanding problems connected with other countries. China complains, with reason, of delay in the settlement of many questions which affect the Chinese at heme and their right to control their own destinies. Our, relations with China have grown increasingly difficult, be cause a policy wholly at variance with constitutional usage was adopted by Lord Orey and continued by his successors in the post of foreign secretary, China set up a republic which disappointed anticipations and produced succession of weak governments, Advantage of the situation was taken by some international bankers to obtain a monopoly of Chinese financial business, and restrictions were imposed upon the Chinese government's activities in western money markets which produced Inevitable default.: Under Lord Grey the process was con fined to an understanding arrived at between varloua European chancellories and the Japanese government.! Parliamentary sanction was not asked: in England, and outalde a very limited I circle nothing was known of the arrangements entered into, Subsequently the late President Wilson approved the making of a ban- king combination to embrace England, America, France and Japan, which had for Ua avowed object the grant of loans to China. But China was not consulted, and the people's] resentment at an endeavor to exercise tutelage over the Pekin government killed the plan. the combination of aelected financiers and bankers of the other countriea named was called a consortium, It has not functioned, but It has retained the support of the foreign office, notwithstanding the loss to Brit* Ish creditors of" China and the crippling effect upon trade which default brings In Its train. Pekin will not evolve a strong government until the Chinese enjoy the right to negotiate loans ln the open market, Investors the world over may be rolled upon to exact security and to protect themselves. The British government cannot protect Its nation alH by the grant af a monopoly to selected persons and Institutions, nor by Imposing Impediments to normal diplomatic; relations. In the European sphere the labor government can bring order out of ohaos by exhibiting to the public the real situation. The old school or dl plomnts have failed to effect n cun of Europe's Ills. M. Poincare promised what neither [C. Lorimer] T3ECENTLY it was our privilege to *" read in the Daily Province an S. O. S. call for something to be done to save our empire. Emigration was suggested as the remedy. Now, the English folk are a civilized people. They gain their food by tolling in factories, mills and mines, but for the most part, they suffer from lack of shelter. The greater number of them are vilely housed, do not have sufficient fuel to keep them warm, and are Insufficiently clothed. A constant number have no shelter at all, the sky being their only canopy. Many are found shivering ln the streets, both winter and summer, in rags. In good times, many do not get enough to eat. In bad times, they die of starvation. They are dying now of starvation, and will continue so to do, for under the present system, they suffer from a chronic state of starvation. There are about 42,000,000 of the English folk, and out of every 1000, over 900 die of poverty, while a constant army of 8,- 000,000 struggle on the verge of starvation all the while. This is a conservative estimate of the numbers. The English, or if anyone objects, the Britisher, Ib worse off than the savages. In this connection, it might be well to quote Huxley. From the knowledge he gained as a medical officer ln the east end of London, and as a scientist pursuing investigations among the most elemental savages, he concludes: "Were the alternative presented to me, I would deliberately prefer the life of the savage to that of those people in Christian London." Now, to suggest that emigration wll] solve the problems of Qreat Britain, shows a lack of understanding, not only of what empires are made of, but of the workings of our whole social and economic structure. The system we live under allows a few people to own the natural resources of the earth, and thereby controlling the Uvea of millions of' the oommon people. That system ultimately allows the nation which can sell its products the cheapest In the world'e markets, to develop Into the largest empire. But this can only be done by bringing the workera of that nation to a low standard of living. So now, the facta that the political machine known as the British empnre la running down, and emigration within the empnre will not relieve the condition. Bringing some of these miserable folk to Canada will only hasten the down-grade of the people here already. We are well under way now, lf we can Judge by our permanent bread lines and of the number of mothers who have to leave their children at publlo institutions while they hire themselves out to work scrubbing floors, so that they and their children might live. Canada Is under the control of those who uphold the proflt system. The remedy lies in the reorganizing of society. It is interesting to note Jn this connection, that the BrltlBh people are gradually taking the control from those who have made their homeland a shamble. A labor gov-1 ernment sits in the house of commons and, although not in power, it soon will be. Let the workers of Canada get in line and elect their own representatives. Then we can work ln conjunction with the British labor party for a real emigration policy, which will really be of beneflt to, the workers, and not operated solely jn the Interests of a few capitalist and transportation companies. The Province quoted Carlyle In the article referred to, as having pleaded for a permanent bridge for emigrants, eo that they might cross to the colonies. We might also quote Carlyle in this connection, "You will have to admit that the working body of this rich English nation has sunk or is fast sinking Into a state, to which, all sides of it considered, there was never any parallel. We must some day pass from political government to industrial administration, from competition ln Individualism, to individuality in co-operation." he nor any statesman could perform. French eyes are opened now to realities, and the right atmosphere for an all-round settlement exists. Labor in office is numerically weak, hut its endeavors to remove the causes of International enmity should be supported by the liberal party, both inside and outside parliament. A reconciled Europe with re-started factories and transport freed from arbitrary restrictions at state borders would lead to demand for raw products which would beneflt the dominions enormously, and enhance their buying capacity correspondingly. In short, the solution of the domes tic problems—slack trade and unemployment—is dependent upon the measure of success Which labor in ofllce oan attain In the sphere of for- *Ign affairs. o_m MUSICIANS' UNION UBEL LEND YOUR PATRONAGE IO THE MC8IOIAN8' LABEL. Patronize Federatloniat advertisers. W. WILSON Loggen aad Surveyors BOOTS Made to Order Onr Specialty Repairing Neatly Done 28 WATER STREET VANCOUVER, B. 0. Phone, Seymoar (36 WE CATER TO THE LABOR MAN -CARDS FOR- WHIST DRIVES GET YOUR OFFICIAL PROGRESSIVE WHIST SCORE CARDS, (16 or 25 games), ONE DOLLAR ($1.00) A HUNDRED, AT Cowan Brookhouse, Ltd. 1129 HOWE STREET Plumes: Sey. 7421,4490 fivo Hundred Boon Tableta, SOe eaoh Court Whist Cards, 15c per down; fl.26 per 100 THE CHOICE OF THE UNIONS CATTO'S VERY OLD HIGHLAND WHISKY THOROUGHLY MATURED—ONE OP THE MOST POPULAR BRANDS AT THE dOVERNJIBNT STORES OOIJJ LABM, 15.TI____.01_D Aak fer OATTO'S. For Ml* at aB Government Liquor Stone nil adwtuuuat la aat paUlilM or dliplaytd _y tta Ut.es oeatral Butt et by tta Onuiaut at arm* ClMba Yon Can Save Some Money ■■ —m i i. i Tim _ *■■-■•■-■■■.•- ■■■■?.. -....WW.. . tt TheRt \eaoons Why a "One reason why" a good looking brown calfskin boot, made on a wide, roomy last, costs so little. It is all solid leather and will wear well. We have all sizes for Saturday selling, at, per pair. $5.00 "Another reason why" Paris plain toe work boots of soft black chrome make good buying. They arc hand-madet and H&vfe a special slugged sole to increase the wear. Our Af» f|f| price, per pair .*^U# WW "Still another reason why" boys' black and brown blucher cht shoes are genuine value. They iti all solid leather, tnd have "hull dog'1 chrome soles. Our Saturday price, per pair -. L "And yet another reason why" ladies' black dongola HbuSe Slippers are (tiling so cheap. They are our regular $2.75 quality, A| Q(J on sale Saturday at «JI Ji a«/0 "The fifth reason why" a ladies' brown calfskin oxford with Cuban heel and neat toe is good buying. A smart long wearing shoe. A(J Q(J Saturday, per pair SpOeSrO PIERRE PARIS 51 Hastings West
Publisher changes in chronological order: Vancouver Trades and Labour Council (1912) ; The B.C. Federationist, Ltd. (1912-1915) ; The B.C. Federationist, Limited (1915-1922) ; The B.C. Federationist (1922-1923) ; The British Columbia Federationist (1923-1925).
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