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British Columbia Historical Books Collection
42, 42, 42, 42, 50, 46, 46, 46, 44, 42, 42, 40 pages : ilustrations, photographs, advertisements ; 22 cm
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H 3 1383 02323 91 if 1910) OPPORTUNITIES [Page 3 Latimer, Ney & Mc Tavish 419 Pender St. W. REAL ESTATE Vancouver, B. C. POINT GREY and SOUTH VANCOUVER SPECIALISTS €[ During the past year we have sold 12 Subdivisions in Point Grey and South Vancouver. We buy only the very choicest acreage and, as a result, have no difficulty in selling. GRANVILLE TERMINUS €[ In July we offered this beautiful subdivision for sale. In one month we have sold two-thirds of it. This is a record for the quietest month in the year. We have still for sale some of the very best lots. The name suggests the location. Let us show you its many advantages and, if your own judgment does not lead you to invest, we are willing to hold for the profits that are sure to come. FARM LANDS €§ We own -some of the best farm lands in British Columbia which we will sell in parcels to suit purchasers. This land is in the Agassiz Valley, close to town and station. Very easy terms to actual settlers who will improve the property. IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING REALLY GOOD IN ACREAGE, WE ARE OPEN TO BUY. Latimer, Ney & JVLc Tavish I 419 Pender Street West Vancouver, B. C. S THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS / Page 4] BSD- <T OPPORTUNITIES 1/9/0 £>V $&&■'■ "BEA UTIFUL HAIR and Artistic A nanaement $■ s-v a Necessary adjunct to a Complete Toilet VERY WOMAN experiences a thrill of pride when she realizes the wonderful improvement made in her appearance by the simple arrangement of the hair. The Ladies of Vancouver may experience this joy by calling at our parlors and inspecting- our new shipment of the Luxuriant, REAL LIVE HAIR SWITCHES, PUFFS and CURLS in all natural shades and graduation of natural wave, at heretofore unheard of prices. If you live too far away for a personal visit to us, take advantage ot our mail order system, which is complete in every detail and through which you wTill receive ihe most careful attention. q. We are recognized as the most exclusive HAIRDRESSING, SHAMPOOING, MASSAGE AND SCALP SPECIALISTS on the Pacific Coast. Our parlors are the most up-to-date and best appointed in the Northwest, are light and airy, and under the direct supervision of an expert, which, in a great measure, accounts for our large and evergrowing business. & IJ Electrolysis BY COMPETENT PERSONS. Superfluous hair, warts and other annoying facial defects removed for all time. Patrons are given the advantage of our many years experience in this treatment and are attended to by the most competent and skilled operators. q Great Reductions are being offered in Combs, Pins and Barrettes. These are the latest importations from Paris, very artistic and harmonize in every detail with the present mode of hairdressing. You should take advantage of the exceedingly low prices prevailing throughout August. They are not likely to be so low again. ^ MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largest, Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast 723 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. ^lione looo THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 19/0) O P P O R T U N I T I 1-: S Pusc 5 T & % H N GALER, President A. C. FLUMERFELT, Chairman Board of Directors • W. L. GERMAINE, Vice-Pres. and Gen. Mgr. 4 * 4» * Write us for B. C. FARMS AND FARM LANDS in p-acts of from 5 acres up. 1 STOCK RANCHES FRUIT LANDS DAIRY FARMS I X NECHACCO VALLEY LANDS from 160 acres up. @ $7.50 per acre on easy term # ! COTTON BUILDING 2£ IJ 2 Hastings Street West GEO. D. TURNER, A. S. WILLIAMSON, Managers Real Estate and Lands Dept. I "BRITISH ^AMERICAN TRUST CO. LTD. f f All kinds of INSURANCE WRITTEN. & * X VANCOUVER, B. C. % I A. F. NICOLL, Manager Insurance Dept. 4» ♦^♦HK^M^^^^^^'M^^M1 •£♦*§> •^♦S^«Jh&»J»*$>*«§> *^^#^^^*^*<^«i»^*«$»^«$«<S^Hi»Hi> ^4nj»^»^»#«H*«H»»J«#«J»^«J^^^«5^«J^»^*^,5^ N. E. Lougheed PHONE 1506 W. J. Coates LOUGHEfcD & COATES GENERAL BROKERS REAL ESTATE I AND INSURANCE We Specialize in South Vancouver and Burnaby 633 Pender St., W, VANCOUVER, B. C, ,.»..»..». .•..•-•..•..•..•..•..•.. ■^••••••••.••..••.•..•.•••••..•..•., h .«..».*j. J. Christiansen P. O. Box 1531 J. F. Brandt We have LARGE TRACTS of Land for Colonization Purposes 10 ACRE BLOCKS, TERMS TO SUIT PURCHASERS Prompt and Personal Attention Given to all Enquiries Sole Agents for The Grand Trunk Development Company, Limited Farm Lands, Timber Lands, Stock Ranches along- the Grand Trunk Paeifie Railway The Christiansen-Brandt Co. Real Estate and Insurance, City Property PRINCE RUPERT, BRITISH COLUMBIA »£«.••••->•-.•-< .»..«..£. ■•••••••••••■•••*i» FORT OEO TOWNJITE We offer 1*^ Acres at the Same Price that adjoining 25 Foot Lots have been sold at TELEPHONE, 6466 31Q HA^TiNQj St. FOiTER. & FliHER Vancouver, B. C. Port Moody OUR SPECIALTY For over a year our attention has been devoted to PORT MOODY properties. Our unbounded faith in the town made us enthusiastic. In view of recent developments there—full accounts of which appeared in the Vancouver papers—we are more enthusiastic than ever. BUY IN PORT MOODY. SEE US. The CANADIAN INVESTMENT CO., Ltd. BO Hastings St., W. Phono 27BO Vancouver, B. C, THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS ** Page 6) OPPORTUNITIES Y)Q YOU REALIZE What the present phenomenal era of RAILWAY DEVELOPMENT throughout Canada and British Columbia means to this Province, to this CITY AND DISTRICT of NEW WESTMINSTER? —Comprising* the cream of the Province, the whole of the rich Valley of the Lower Fraser. ADDED to the two Transcontinental Railways we now have—the C. P. R. and the Great Northern—it means within three or four years, two more—THE CANADIAN NORTHERN, construction on which has begun at its Western Terminus, RIGHT OPPOSITE THIS CITY, and the GRAND TRUNK PACIFIC, which will have a line from Fort George, on the Upper Fraser, passing" throug"h the whole Fraser Valley to New Westminster. q IT MEANS—with the construction, too, of the B. C. ELECTRIC RAILWAY from this City through the Lower Fraser Valley, now nearing completion—the expenditure of MANY TENS OF MILLIONSOJELJDOfcLARS within the next few years. {J IT MEAJ^LSHrrre^iiiirnediate opening up, and making tributary to such centres as this, ofjji£--w1ToTe vast Empire of British Columbia, with its perfectly incalculable wealth of timber, minerals, fisheries^agricultural, dairying and fruit lands, water privileges and frontages, natural opportunities of all kinds, and location and terminal advantages. / q IT MEANS a vast and p-r-ofitable immediate home market for our products and all other markets brought to our veryBoors. q IT MEANS that NOW IS THE TIME for you to take steps to realize your share in this great harvest, soon to be garnered. We can help you to do so. f^3 NEW WESTMINSTER City and District Property a Specialty. Write or phone, stating the kind of property you prefer to invest in—timber, city or district realty, water frontage, improved farms or farming lands, dairying farms or fruit lands, suburban property—and we will present for your consideration the best propositions going. HALE BROS. & KENNEDY LIMITED ^eal Estate, Timbei and Insuzance OVER MERCHANTS BANK, COR. COLUMBIA AND BEGBIE STS. NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. TELEPHONE 335 THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITII Vol. II. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C„ AUGUST, 1910. No. 2 Vancouver Exhibition By W. R. Usher Looking into the future with the same eyes as James J. Hill, William Jennings Bryan and scores of other world-famous visitors to the City of Vancouver, B. C, during the past few years, a little group of men, a year ago, mapped out a site whereon would be held annual exhibitions showing the commercial and industrial greatness of the Liverpool of the Pacific—for such did many of these visitors style the city on Burrard Inlet. entered even more strenuously than at Chicago into business hub-bub. Relief from the dust and noise of street could be sought only in hotel or restaurant. What a different view, what different surroundings, will greet the visitor who comes to Vancouver in August to attend, not as yet a World's Pair, but an exhibition worthy in its beginning even of the coming centre of Pacific Coast commercial and industrial life and of the vast both electric and steam railway and by water. But its appearance this year, in its birth, will be as nothing compared to the changes it will undergo before next year, when the forty acres, set aside for buildings—there are twenty acres of natural park—are sown well to grass, when the art of the gardener is given time to show, and when other buildings, yet more imposing and substantial, are erected. Gradually, and without doubt, When, on August 16, Canada's Premier, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, formally opens the first Vancouver Exhibition, the initial reward of the planning and labor of these men has come. Human plaining could scarcely have chosen better in the location of site for such an exhibition. Chicago's great World's Fair in 1893 was located on the shores of Lake Michigan, in the midst of a huge and green-appealing park to which ingenuity added sparkling fountains and artificial lagoons, but there was but the plainest of flat backgrounds. Just without the exposition's gate one entered into the turmoil of business and every-day life. St. Louis' World's Fair of 1904 was not even so well located, but the additional beauty devised by man in landscaping and building made it in some ways more beautiful. Outside its gates, however, the visitor, tired of sight-seeing ARROW LAKE PRODUCTS. province of British Columbia itself. Vancouver's fair site has been plucked from the virgin forests, sloping down to the green of the sea, standing out boldly conscious of the protection of the snowcapped mountains-r-its" ^background on the one, fyanG,' bTjA'tsie, invSiJjfrfg green of woods car the otfye?,. Through* its/gf ounds and over its visSto'rs blows the untainted breeze of a new, coimtEy, frosjily and*syieet. Nb neeij. ^neJ® to face^ %ok J^Undyxg beaCof ' white pavements—even were such heat typical of the country—the green of a natural park, part of the exhibition grounds awaits the visitor by day, and at night there is no stepping out into business life, but into more green of trees, and so, gradually, back into the city. The spot is admittedly ideal from the standpoint of beauty and transportation facilities, as it can be reached by the Vancouver annual exhibition will be turned some day into a Canadian National Exhibition, and thence into a World's Fair. For Vancouver, in the plainest of unvarnished facts, is the meeting-place of the greatest lines of steel rails on this continent and of the steamship lines of the world. At its port already touch steamship and windjammer from every port of consequence on the globe, and from it go out to the world's centres ships laden with the products of fertile British Columbia and Canada. The exhibition is to open to the public August 15, and continue until August 20. This year the grounds will contain a magnificent Industrial Hall, Machinery Building, dog-show kennels, stock and cattle barns, sheep and pig pens, an administration building, band-stands and all the lesser appurtenances necessary for such an affair. And what was said about the Page 8] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 construction of more buildings next year is borne out by the fact that entries for this year's fair have been more numerous than can be taken care of properly. They have come from all parts of Canada and the Northwest states. There will be shown the best of Canada's stock and cattle, the best of her agricultural products, the best of her mineral and other natural resources, the best of the has the backing of unlimited opportunities and resources, that she numbers among her own citizens some of the most far- sighted and capable men of any nation, that she is democratic in view and is seeking to build up the entire western country as well as her own, to promote practical and scientific husbandry in all its branches, to disseminate the best of mechanical and scientific knowledge, en- m.i*^%0tofj#mtM i MB?! HIISJ1 PSPif J PSW^ j ] iS INDUSTRIAL HALL, VANCOUVER EXHIBITION product of her factories and mills. Poultry, the ever-growing and important industry of Canada, will be fully represented. And in Vancouver will convene the farmers of Alberta and the poultry- breeders of British Columbia—an object lesson of the increasing prominence of this western metropolis. Apart from the more serious nature and value of the exhibition will be a well-handled and provided for amusement end. The fair grounds are at present blessed with one of the best and fastest race-tracks in Canada, and on this will be held daily matinees, trotting and pace races—and all devoid of the curse of the ordinary track—betting. There are to be many other amusement concessions, and four bands will hold forth on the grounds. That the energy of the exhibition's promoters has been appreciated and that the value of the fair has been taken into careful consideration is seen from the fact that $30,000 in prizes has been raised for exhibits and races, in addition to which prominent men and firms from various portions of Canada have contributed special premiums. This, in brief, is the nature of the first broad exhibition to be given by Vancouver to demonstrate to the world that she The only gilt-edged, commercial Oil proposition on the market, Amalgamated Development Company, page 39. courage the cultivation of the beautiful in nature and art, promote trade and commerce, and develop the rich mineral, fishing and lumbering resources of the country. In the years to come, when the slopes of the mountains across the Burrard Inlet are peopled thickly, and when the homes and factories of Vancouver have reached wide tentacles out into all the surrounding country of the province, her citizens will have cause for nothing but pride when they recall the holding of the first exhibition. Then, as now, she will hold open wide arms of welcome to the best settlers in the unselfish idea of building up a happy and prosperous world, in the furtherance of the arguments for world-wide peace advanced by ex-President Roosevelt and other noted men of "£h;eJ« present day„* „• • * . * Mr." ;J\ -Miller is *t\& rpresidefht; of' the Exhibition Association**Mr. E. J." Clark, treasurer^ and M».- James- JEtoy,. manager. , 'The* foifowinjl * wfere*. selected! as ictirec-*; tors to have charge of the various departments : Speed—H. S. Rolston, J. B. Tiffin and Robert Kelly. Breeding Classes—H. S. Rolston and W. S. Holland. Harness and Hunting—W. Dalton and W. S. Holland. Dogs—F. W. Welsh. Poultry and Pet Stock—J. R. Seymour. Machinery—Alderman McTaggart. Dairy Produce and Honey—J. T. Little. Agricultural Products—J. J. Miller. Cattle—J. T. Walker and W. Dalton. Educational—Professor Odium. Floriculture—J. J. Miller and Thomas A. Prentice. Grounds and Buildings—Thomas Bell and E. J. Clark. Women's Work—Professor Odium. Attractions—E. S. Knowlton. Concessions—E. S. Knowlton and H. S. Rolston. BANK OF VANCOUVER. On Saturday, July 30th, an unique event in the annals of financial history transpired in Vancouver. On that, day the Bank of Vancouver opened its doors for business for the first time. The new office is ideally located, being situated at the corner of Hastings and Cambie streets. "For British Columbia, first, last and all the time," is the motto of the Bank of Vancouver. Under the management of Mr. A. L. Dewar, backed by a strong board of directors, the success of this institution is assured. A glance at the directors' list below will show how true the foregoing is: R. P. McLennan, Esq., president McLennan, McFeely & Co., wholesale hardware, Vancouver, B. C. M. B. Carlin, Esq., vice-president; capitalist, Victoria, B. C. His Honor T. W. Paterson, Lieutenant- Governor of British Columbia. L. W. Shatford, Esq., M.L.A., Merchant, Hedley, B. C. W. H. Malkin, Esq., the W. H. Malkin Co., Ltd., wholesale grocers, Vancouver, B. C. H. L. Jenkins, Esq., president H. L. Jenkins Lumber Co., Seattle, Washington, president Vancouver Timber & Trading Co., Ltd., Vancouver, B. C. J. A. Mitchell, Lsq., capitalist, Victoria, B. C. E. H. Heaps, Esq., E. H. Heaps & Co., Lumber and Timber; president Columbia Trust Co., Ltd., Vancouver, B. C. J. A. Harvey, Esq., K.C., formerly of Cranbrook, B. C, Vancouver, B. C. Mr. Dewar will be general manager, and his assistant will be Mr. F. Dallas, formerly of the Dominion Bank, Toronto. The bank got its charter on March 18, and immediately set about the securing of premises, and in this they have been singularly fortunate. The bank, on its bills, will advertise British Columbia. On the backs of the bills will be a picture of the Parliament Buildings, Victoria. The five-dollar bills will have on the front a view of Vancouver harbor. The ten-dollar bills will show a timber cutting scene. Shipped 7 miles of pipe to Katalla Oil Fields—Amalgamated Development Company. See page 39. 1910} OPPORTUNITIES [Page 9 British Columbia as a Truit Country Production Increasing with Great Jfapiditp That the prospects are that the province will derive a return, multiplied at least three times over that of any previous year, from this source of wealth, is the statement in a few words of R. M. Palmer, formerly of the department of agriculture and one of the best authorities in the province. The movement of the fruit crops from the orchards of British Columbia is well under way. Early varieties of peaches are being shipped, and plums, cherries and apples are being sent to the markets. At the present time Mr. Palmer is interested in an enterprise which has for its object the conversion of six thousand acres of sterile land, on the west side of tne Thompson river, opposite Kamloops, into a fruit-raising proposition. "We are," said he to an interviewer, "engaged now in building an irrigation canal and the work will be advanced as fast as conditions will permit. When the irrigation is available the land will be subdivided for fruit holdings and a considerable acreage will be planted, designed especially for Old Country investors, who like to find their holdings developed for them. The Canadian Northern railway will pass through this property, so that shippers of fruit will have the advantage of choice between two lines of transportation." "The prospects for the fruit crop this year," said Mr. Palmer, "are excellent. The peach crop is well advanced and early varieties are being shipped. The quality is first rate and the shipping facilities are better this year than they have ever been before. The Okanagan Fruit Exchange is systematically pushing the sale of British Columbia fruit in the Northwest and individual firms like Stirling & Pitcairn, of Kelowna, are also actively engaged in packing and shipping. The crop is being well taken care of and well distributed. It is estimated that the product will total about sixty cars of peaches this year. In comparison with other seasons this is remarkable. We have never had anything like it before. The bulk of the shipments will go from the Summerland districts, while large contributions will be made from Peachland, Penticton and Kelowna. To a great extent the increase is accounted for by the large acreage of young orchards which are bearing their first crop. "Early apples are also commencing to move. Also some varieties of plums. Everything indicates that the crop of apples will be of an unusually good quality and well colored. Of course, our success with the crop depends a good deal on the condition of the Northwest market, but there is a wide field in which to market the crop. "Vancouver Island has commenced to ship, the Olivets and yellow cherries being particularly noticeable from there. There is an active demand for this class peach exports will run anywhere from 75,000 to 100,000 crates, by far the biggest output yet. One reason for this is that last year the peach crop suffered badly from frost, and this year, of course, more trees are in bearing than ever before. The Okanagan fruit crop is only just PEAPS—R.JtT PALMERS ^ORCHARD, VICTORIA, B.C. of fruit. These cherries go iorward by express.? 8 Tbjey' aiie marketed iit."STiotorjaA Vancouver! and cth,€*r loca*U markets; as well as in the prairie country." Taking the fruit crop as a whole, Mr. Palmer said it will be three times greater than in any previous year, and the returns to the orchardists will run into very large figures. Reports received by Inspector Cunningham from the Okanagan Valley show that a splendid fruit crop will be picked there this year. It is- estimated that the beginning to come in and will not be at its .fullest for several weeks yet. The peaches are said to be far superior in quality to those imported from California, and those who wish to use them for preserving purposes are advised to wait a little longer. It is predicted that this year will show that the Okanagan is coming into its own as a rival of the Wenatchee, Hood valley and other great fruit-growing centres of the Pacific Northwest. 201075 Page 10] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 The Great Northern railway has issued instructions to Its Kaslo agent to oolleot specimens of Kaslo's fruit for Its permanent exhibitions. Heretofore these exhibitions have been confined to St. Paul and Chicago only, but the railway is extending Its scope and Intends placing such exhibits in New York, Pittsburg, Boston, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, Kansas City, St. Louis and Seattle. The fruit collected at Kaslo will be forwarded by express to W. J. Wessels in Spokane, who will put it through a process which preserves the fruit and makes it appear as fresh aB when picked, If received in good condition. inent of agriculture at the recent Winnipeg exhibition, appeared as follows: "British Columbia is well to the front with its magnificent display of fruit, the Pacific Province being wide awake to the great possibilities of fruit culture. It is easily seen from the specimens shown that great strides have been taken by the fruit-growers of British Columbia during the last few years In the selection of varieties and In the grading and packing. No one can examine the Btand closely without being impressed with the advance made in this department. There Is an increasing demand for fruit; every year the prairie provinces are absorbing and currants are shown. There is also a large section of the stand given over to bottled and preserved fruits. These are in excellent condition and are tastefully arranged, giving the visitor to the show some idea of the size of the fruit tue most western province can produce "The fruit industry of the province is still only in its infancy, though a robust one; there is every likelihood that in the near future instead of shipping eight or ten thousand tons of fruit away, she will be shipping double that quantity. With Improved facilities for shipment, and with possibilities of lower freight rates, the future for British Columbia s+ ■jf ft is \A. PPM! sir *<-. % rrmM^mm »wm m m iitffJW*-' m m ^fit- *j»«i vwflSW ffi&rrcaa -0Y« ■at 1»H2 6JB m MMm sa •» '**/*+*» I «*»!*$$ r*?M r'M'^T'^f'"^ 8*55$ 3sfe am l «>,!.■ ;l w $8$ Kste Bl i^ ray IffiH >**F fiWSttjap f(wfyrite£l)t\ "-wi James Drummond, manager of the Victoria Fruit Growers' Exchange, says: "We have been shipping a large quantity of fruit to the prairies this yoat, jMifc' oannot get anything like enough to*'su$>« ply the market, i? We have handled between fifteen and twenty thousand orates of berrleB alone at an average price of $2.00 a orate. During the month of June we turned over $:t 5,000 for berries. This is some indication of the amount of fruit which is being marketed. In the Winnipeg Free Press of Friday, July 15, a eulogistic reference to the fruit exhibit shown by the provincial depart- AN ORC11 aki) NEAR NELSON, B. C. 'gpeatiet dirantlties,* .and .the Old Country /\ ill ;11 ways rejpiiiv big" .'.supplies. "With these* »f acts in'ijiew British Columbia is oarfylng out. a sound business i'ioi i«•■ y i,u* attending isafefa iiy to. the selection " of" • those v « h<.'i.k>s " of fruit which have passed the best tests, and also by improving the grading and packing for long distance shipment. "The exhibits of cherries are a really fine, well-grown lot, and are most attractively set out, the town of Nelson sending some very choice specimens which would do oredit to any district. The small fruits are fairly well represented; strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries fruit growers is indeed rosy. The climate is most suitable for the purpose and the Industry has now passed the initial stage and Is entering upon a bold attempt to place Itself In a flrst>class position, inferior to that of none as a fruit growing country. That this province is quite capable of producing some of the finest fruits in the world is readily shown by the position her fruits occupy when brought into competition with those from other countries. There is the greatest credit due to those officials of the province who are responsible for the stand. It is well laid out and a credit to them." 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 11 British Investors and Tarm Lands (By R. Thompson Tinn.) The • emigration returns show year by year a rapidly increasing number of British emigrants making for different points in Canada. British Columbia is getting its quota and as it becomes better known it is becoming increasingly popular. Apart from the attractions in the unrivalled fields of sport, and the beautiful woodland, lake and mountain scenery of British Columbia, there is another great attraction that lies in the temperate • climate, which is suitable in every way to natives of Great Britain. There are thousands of men in the old country who have the desire to come out here and take up small farms but who hesitate to take the first step because they have not enough definite information. First they want some1 sort of assurance that the undertaking will be sufficiently remunerative to provide not only the necessaries of life but a little extra for the luxuries too. Then there are so many kinds of farming and so many different methods chosen by novices that the intending emigrant allows the strength of his intention* to evaporate amidst the maze of difficulties that arise when he gives thought to the question. Small Holdings Preferable. In this article and the article® that follow, the writer intends to deal with all phases of farming, but first it is advisable to give attention to the particular phase of farm life which in British Columbia is the most in favor among new settlers of a certain class and which in the opinion of the writer, is the most suitable form of farming for men and women coming from large industrial centers in Great Britain. The small five or ten acre holding near some business and social center is the form of farming we allude to and the class of people we are considering are those with small capital.. There are men who can come out to Canada and take up homesteads in the Northwest, miles away from even a neighbor, much less a town and who possess the pioneer spirit to such degree that they become contented and often happy in the lonely, solitary life led by the pioneer farmer. But few such men are bred in and near the great cities in the old country. And quite the majority of British emigrants are city bred people. Profit and Satisfaction. A substantial income can be got from five acres of good land and that five acres is near a town where at least some of the phase® of city life are to be found, where the probability is that the new settler will be more satisfied with the great change from his former life and sooner learn to love the land of his adoption, and more easily and stronger will the love grow if he locates in so beautiful a province as British Columbia. It is possible now to buy five or ten mers. With ordinary foresight and care one man can by his own labor care for and develop to the utmost five acres of land, carrying say, potatoes, cabbages and small fruits, but when he exceeds this area he has to calculate on the coat of labor and the difficulty of securing it. The novice has plenty of difficulties to overcome without including that of la- J. J. CAMPBELL'S TEAM, NELSON, B. C. acre tracts near towns, which though small at present will most probably in the future become large cities. In the event of a city extending its borders year after year the land adjoining inevitably rises in value, for the simple reason that the demand from the increasing population exceeds the supply of land. Thus many small farms near growing cities will in the future become very valuable. We could cite many cases where small fortunes have accrued to the owners of five acre tracts because of the rapid growth of the nearest city, which at first may have been say seven miles distant, and has grown until now its suburban borders hem the farmstead all round. We do not mention this as a sine qua non in the purchase of a small homestead, but it is a factor which from a purely business point of view ought to be considered. The Labor Problem. Labor is also a point which should be weighed carefully by all intending far- bor in his category, so as a beginning he would be wise to confine himself to an area he can manage by his own efforts and those of his family if he has one. It is hardly necessary to point out that five acre tracts are not used for grain growing. They generally make small mixed farms, which the the safest for the small capitalists and also the most interesting and instructive. In subsequent articles we shall enter into the question of returns and revenues derived from different products. We shall finish this article with a few remarks concerning the initial steps which are advisable before the intending emigrant decides on the point of his possible location and the amount of capital Question of Agents. There are agents at all points in Bri- to sell farm lands of all sizes and many of these agents have already done satisfactory business for people from all parts of Great Britain. Therefore, if the investor desires he can often get British references and many even get references in the locality where he lives. Through Page 14] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 British Columbia, is potentially the theme of many a moving tale. It is a spice of the Orient in our Occidental literature which is being overlooked. As a magazine editor I have often wondered why this fruitful field has not been tilled. Someone will say: 'What's the use? Kipling wrote about the East. Why not leave well alone?' The answer is that this is a bit of the East transplanted— the brooding East thrown by the scruff of the neck into the bustling West—making its destiny under difficult and hostile conditions. It figures out in new complications that Kipling never dreamed of. for being of the yellow man in British Columbia. Therefore, put him into short stories before circumstances push him off this part of the map. "Talking of yellow reminds me of that other rainbow, color—red. You have the Indian still with you. He seems to me shiftless—somewhat dirty, too—but he is to be prized for similar reasons. The potlach, they tell me, is a thing of the past. Totem poles are few and far between. When Chief Matthias wants to put on his war paint to welcome that other great chieftain, Laurier, objections arise. The day approaches when the the dry belt the other day. Mine host told me he was an Oxford man who had lost caste and didn't care to do much of anything now except fish, eat and sleep. I am afraid his end is in sight. If he goes any further west he will have to wade the Pacific ocean. Meanwhile the storytellers of British Columbia have a chance to take one last crack at him. "I would like to say something about the prospectors—the gaunt, stubble- faced, dream-eyed fellows who drift up and down this coast in search of gold. I do not wonder they seek for gold when there is so much of it in the sun- Ml ^^£:£&£?¥«^£ m3m 3*?^*b«K STRAWBERRY PATCH IN THE FIRE VALLEY'B. C. 1 • T«S»* Let all the word-painters and sociologists and rubber-necking tourists, who take Yim Boy dinners in Chinatown, and try to get a peep at something like the 'Gate of a Hundred Sorrows,' get busy. If any politician carps at my opinions let him remember that I am simply viewing the yellow man as literary material. He looks upon him as a peril, and he may be right. But until he finds out what to do with him let us make the best of him in our kitchens, sawmills, fruit orchards, canneries and other humble tasks a white man spurns. This is not a profound statement of policy. I simply offer it as a modus Vivendi, a reason Squamish reserve across the inlet, will be cut up into town lots. What will the Indian—I speak of the Vancouver Indian—do then, poor thing? What can he do but become humdrum and civilized? I tell all the authoresses here congregated—and I know there are some present—not to forget the Indian. Use him while he lasts. The East would like to read more about him. "Another fading touch of color is the lotus-eating Englishman, the remittance man. The work-a-day spirit nas shoved him out of the middle west. He seems to have crossed the Rocky mountains. I saw one of him at Savonas in shine of this glorious land. When one breathes it in the very air it stands to reason that it must exist elsewhere in more solid form. The prospector is always on the brink of a great secret. He is going to find the mother lode or the father mountain—at all events the source from which all metalliferous blessings flow. The canyons beckon him to follow them up. The little creeks and rivers, with gold in their beds, say, 'Come along.' Why, someone asks, does a mountain stream hide gold in its bed? Why does any traveller put his money under his pillow? It is the prospector's business to puzzle out the tricks of the 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 15 mountains and rivers—where they hide their money. Are you surprised that he spends a lot of his idle time drinking bad whiskey? It helps guessing. He is very much like a man I knew who said he could never understand Revelations unless he had a quart of Scotch in him. The prospector waits for a revelation all the time. He is full of good stories. Somebody ought to tap him. "The fisherman and the sailor are at your hand, waiting to be written up. There are all sorts of missions to take care of him and to make him better. I speak from a selfish point of view when I say that there ought to be another mission to raise him to the realm of best sellers. Rex Beach has done something with the salmon industry but he has touched only the fringe of it. The water-front of Vancouver alone is three miles of inexhaustible fiction. The logger and the miner must not be left out of the count in the sum of human interest. They are right at hand too— it's no trouble to reach them. "I pass now from the human integers in the British Columbia color scheme— of whom I have mentioned only a few— to the great backgrounds nature offers to the story teller in this blest province. Going back to my clue words I find 'Douglas fir.' Douglas fir will work up into as many paragraphs for the editor as a log of it will into'boards for the saw mills. Meanwhile it is enough to say that it makes your forests look like Gothic cathedrals. Never was a tree of such straight, clean upstanding t towering splendor. Such a tree must have mountains to countenance it. That is the reason why it grows in British Columbia. Anywhere else it would dwarf the surroundings and make man feel smaller than he really is. The Douglas fir is big and strong, from the bigness and strength of a province that has more and more varied natural resources than any one of the other eight in the Dominion of Canada. It looks grand anyway you take it. Even the stumps of it, piled up into great pyramids by those Pharohs of real estate who make town lots out of the wilderness impress and awe the eye. What a Gargantuan bonfire they must make. Is one of them to be touched off before I leave Vancouver? To come to the figures I should like very much to assist at a stump fire that means three hundred dollars an acre to clear. I know a New York newspaper man who came all the way across the continent to see Vancouver and found his feature story in these very stump piles. "Ranging as far north as Prince Rupert I seem to find British Columbia divided into two great parts—the north or silver land, the south or golden land. The warm Japanese current—another result 1 suppose of the Anglo-Japanese al liance—mingles with the cold waters coming down from the north, turning all above certain latitudes into mist and fog and rain. Through this moist curtain the sun shines like a silver shield. I talk now of summer. The valleys hold vapors as luminous as the fire Rider Haggard's She bathed in. The mountains wrap themselves in white scarfs, the albs and surplices of the Almighty. The eagle likes this chill air. But south, where Vancouver lies, is the land of sunshine, God's country, where even the trees seem to be glad that they are living. What a riot of flower and fern. Let the eagle have the north or any who cares to perch high. I am for the South. I am told, however, that it rains sometimes in Vancouver. I cannot believe it. "Having suggested a theme for the poets I come to the greatest natural beauty of all—the beauty that is to be a joy forever after all the timber is cut and there isn't enough left standing to make scenery—I mean the mountains. Over on the plains they will tell you that all the mountains in British Columbia were made just to serve as a dam for their wheat-fields, to keep the Pacific Ocean out and give Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba a chance to be the granary of the empire. Another theory is that their tallness and bigness was set up as an antidote to the flatness of nine hundred miles of prairie. People in observation cars are inclined to credit this. At any rate they heave a great sigh of relief when the Rockies loom up on the horizon. Still another theory is that the C. P. R., a very powerful railway corporation of which you must have heard, put the mountains there first, as a background to their summer hotels, and then built the railway afterwards. But this seems absurd. Surely the railway would have been built first and the mountains have been moved in afterwards if the company had wanted to save money. Even a government subsidy could not excuse such extravagance. Well, just leave the mountains to Providence, which is, after all, the only reas^ onable explanation. "British Columbia is full of highly successful mountains up and down and valleys in between. There are all kinds of mountains, tall stately mountains, with snow on their heads like grandes dames at a bal poudre, little mountains with baldish heads as if they had lost their hair through typhoid fever; lazy sprawling giants of mountains turned over on their backs, having their feet washed in the warm water, mountains— But what's the use of cataloging? Any one of 'em little or big is high enough to overtop the price of town lots in Calgary or Vancouver or Prince Rupert, and in Prince Rupert the town lots are so high that your next neighbor uphill can overlook your faults. That will give you an idea how high the smallest of British Columbia mountains is. "We have no mountains like these in Ontario. Hamilton, Ont., has a hill which Toronto regards as vaulting ambition, overleaping itself at about 1,500 feet. At Ottawa we get a peep of the Lauren- tides across the river. The Laurentides are the oldest hills in the world. It seems to me old age has wizened them. None of them thinks of going higher than 2,000 feet. They don't compare with the British Columbia mountains, where 4,500 feet is just a starter. What would David have said if he had seen these mountains? There isn't a mountain in Palestine that would be a patch on the least of these, and yet David lifted his eyes to them and got strength that has passed down the ages in some of the most beautiful words ever penned. What shouldn't a British Columbia poet be able to do with an inspiration so much bigger? There are poets in British Columbia. I have heard at times sweet voices singing in the wilderness. I have even had some of their songs under my eyes. But, alas, it is not my passion to buy poetry. I hope all the same some of these scattered notes will swell into a grand chorus. The mountains will be excuse for it all. I should not be surprised if the great Canadian epic, if the great Canadian play, likewise the great Canadian novel, came out of British Columbia. "The mountains of British Columbia exist not only as an inspiration to poets and story writers, but to mountain climbers as well. Thousands of untrodden peaks wait to be challenged. The only reason they haven't broken as many necks as Mount Blanc is that they haven't had the people to do it with. The Alpine Club of Canada makes haste to remedy this grievance. Its object is to make the mountains cheap and accessible to students, clergymen, school teachers, clerks and others who like to take their vacation that way. At present the mountains are rather dear— only to be reached with ease by fat millionaires, who want to climb nothing harder than a hotel elevator. I am with the Alpine Club in any movement to make the mountains of British Columbia at least as free as the rarified air around their summits. The Alpine Club might go further. It should start a university extension movement, a short course, a correspondence school in mountains. It should issue illustrated text books, explaining what a chimney is, a snow wall, a crevasse, a saddle, and so forth and so on. How else is the beginner to get the terminology of the thing? After that, they might classify mountains into freshmen, sophomore, junior and senior mountains, with a list of the stiff post-graduate monsters only to be tackled by seasoned veterans. Vancouver has a HSi Page 16] mountain-climbing club. May it flourish like a green bay tree. Mountain climbing is a good sport for men and women- It strengthens the muscles, stiffens the back, clears the eye and braces the courage. A stout alpenstock and a stout heart will carry one a long way. When there is so much climbing to be done in society, mountain climbing ought to be good practice for the harder work done down here on the level. Let the ladies climb mountains, too. It enhances the charms of face and figure, with which this city is so bountifully endowed. There is more than joking in this talk about mountains. Many of them are highly mineralized. The prospector ranges mostly above the tree limit. He pays little attention to what is below among the trees and brush. What is to prevent a party of amateur climbers stumbling across a mineral treasure the prospector has overlooked? There are plenty of mountins around Vancouver. Their presence suggests that they were put there for Vancouver people to climb them. What's the gocd of having a mountain in your backyard unless you use it? "Don't mistake my meaning if I have spoken of British Columbia as a great treasure house of local color. I have treated it as food for literature, because—well, because it's in my line. It's shop talk, and I hate to see a splendid opportunity being neglected. I hope I have said enough to make everybody in British Columbia with a writing itch 'go to it.' All this local color may be had for stretching out a hand. It exists cheek by jowl with a high state of culture and civilization, which makes it all the more piquant. "I could have dwelt on the more material aspects of British Columbia, but I leave that to more serious persons who can pound the pulpit better than I can. It may be that in my bushel of chaff you will find a grain or two of common sense which will bear fruit. An after-thought suggests itself 1o me. I have been talking of British Columbia as food for literature. What about food for the stomach? I hear that British Columbia brings all her hogs in from the United States, all her mutton from Australia, all her butter from somewhere else. This land flows with milk and honey, but so far there is no agriculture to speak of. Fruit farms and other fancy touches, yes. But butter, eggs, milk, no. The permanent basis of prosperity is mixed farming. Isn't it about time to get around to the useful things? The farmers should farm, not wait around until their land is cut up into town lots. While they wait until the real estate ship comes in somebody else skims a handsome profit which should be staying right here at home. The Women's Canadian Club can help, too. There is nothing your globe-trotter OPPORTUNITIES 1910 1 ■ HISS wBmm VB »M iSlPl APPLE ORCHARD NEAR NELSON, B.C. likes so much as sampling the native dishes and products of the soil. For instance, in Boston you ask for baked beans, in Rhode Island for turkey, in Newfoundland for codfish, and so on. Every hostess should be a gentle booster for British Columbia. For instance, when your guest exclaims, 'What a mealy potato!' you will say, 'From Ashcroft.' Or, 'What a luscious apple!' your answer is, 'Okanagan Valley.' You take my meaning. Get at the observant man through his stomach. That is the way to his affections. Sir William Thompson, knighted in the eighteenth century for being a good doctor to a rather rickety king, has written a didactic treatise to the effect that the Almighty has allotted each land the fruits, vegetables and other garden truck which he intends should be eaten at their proper season. This way lies health. While not going so far as Thompson and rejecting the out-of-season delicacies which the whole world lays on our tables, we can admit that it does no harm to praise and push our own. A sugar beet factory, to be operated under the name, Fraser Valley Sugar Works, Limited, is soon to be established at Mission City, where an excellent site with water frontage has been secured. Behind this enterprise is Fraser Valley and Vancouver capital to the extent of $300,000. It is expected the plant will be in running order within a year. 1910\ OPPORTUNITIES [Page 17 British Columbia as a tourist Resort mountains and Sea offer many opportunities for Pleasure The whole vast province of British Columbia presents an unequalled area to the tourist from any land, and, by virtue of its magnificent panorama of mountain, stream, and forest, attracts and holds ly through the veins? The noble heads of thousands of mountains, grand in their sublime nobility, are raised to offer him a field unexcelled even in the Alps for his venturesome quest. From A MOUNTAIN LAKE ON THE WAY FROM PENTICTON TO KEREMEOS, B. C. spellbound the attention and interest of the entire world. It is not many years since the great western province was first known as a splendid tourist resort, and, in the short time that has elapsed, what marvellous changes, what mighty revolutions of public opinion and esteem have occurred! Unheralded by the flar- irg advertisement—unsung by the vaunting praises of "boom" writers—this great province rushed into the arena where wealth and beauty had arrayed themselves, and competition fled from it, as from the glance of Destiny. Previous to the arousing of world wide interest there was little effort made to draw the tourist to this country by promises of a land of wonders—little by little the patronage was attracted, and the effects of the campaign of worthiness was soon shown in the development of tourist traffic—a factor of such immense importance to the province as to be almost inestimable in future results and incalculable in monetary value. At the present time, British Columbia is regarded by wealthy tourists of every nationality as, probably, the most desirable land on the face of the earth for purposes of travel and recreation—a consideration entirely removed from its enormous value as seen from a commercial point of view. What is there that the tourist would wish to see or do? The scaling of grand mountain peaks, with the snow of ten thousand years glittering in the morning sun, and the keen breezes of those altitudes making the blood course swift- the towering, ice-clad giant of fifteen thousand feet of stone and challenge, down to the pine covered peaks of three or four thousand feet, especially designed for the beginners and the timid, British Columbia has, in superb abundance, all that could be desired by the most enthusiastic mountain climber. Would he hunt or fish? British Columbia can show the most magnificent lakes, rivers, streams, and other waters, where fish, justly famed all over the earth are teeming, and forests, plains, and glades where every variety of game, whether the terrible grizzly bear or the wary grouse, may be found in an abundance not by any means approached elsewhere in Canada. In fact, this province is to-day an exception, peculiarly unique, to state ments as to the depletion of the world's game supply. Exploration may be the magnet. If so, the illimitable stretches of country in the interior and the north, or the thousands of beautiful islands lying along the coast, afford opportunities that cannot be rivalled in the new world. A quiet trip taken for the full enjoyment of the beauty of British Columbia, and conducted leisurely over the whole province must leave the tourist impressed with a mingled memory of natural beauty at times rugged and grand, as only the Rockies can be, at others soft pnd mild as a rural spot in the south of Europe, and the hurry and activity of new c it ies and towns. It is a strange condi- t:'cn of affairs—that which exists at the present moment. When the splendid gorges and canyons of British Columbia's invincible barrier of mountains have been wcndered at and admired, the traveller is taken suddenly from the overwhelming and awesome peaks and glaciers that surround Banff, and placed in the midst of the smiling fruit lands of the interior, flanked and guarded by great forests and charming lakes. The progressive cities along the Canadian Pacific Railway, and those built by the broad lakes and the huge rivers, will all attract the tourist's favorable notice, and extend to him an irresistible invitation to linger there and enjoy life. But there is too much to be seen in British Columbia to permit of a lengthy sojourn in any one place. The journey through to the coast is replete with lovely scenes, as the train rushes by wide spread farms and ranches; hurls itself around the granite walls of precipices and through the inky blackness of tunnels; puffs into prosperous towns, and flares its searchlight at night upon the white-washed VANCOUVER HARBOUR Page 18] walls of sleeping hamlets. Past lake, river, forest and mountain until the cities on the coast are reached, then the commercial wonders and scenic fame of Vancouver; the vista of river, mountain, and prosperity of New Westminster; the lovely sail to Victoria, and the calmness, solidity, beauty and strength of the capital. A trip through thousands of islands and past a coast striking in beauty and ever fresh in charm, will bring the tourist to the famous Prince Rupert, destined to become the commercial metropolis of the new, gigantic, hardy and stupendous northern section of British North America. There is Stewart, the centre of OPPORTUNITIES on his separate path across the world stops for a time to tell others of the size and beauty of British Columbia. Thus a name was made and is maintained. Among the many British Columbian cities offering unrivalled advantages to the tourist trade, the city of Kamloops is one of the most prominent. It has all the beauty of situation—all the attraction of splendid climate—and all the grandeur of scenic surroundings to draw the traveller, and invite him to repose. The future possibilities of Kamloops as a tourist resort and a magnificent residential site to please the tourist and invite him to make the city his permanent home, can hardly be over-stated. [1910 stages of trading post distributing point, cow town, railway construction centre, straggling town, the growth has been steady and substantial until the one-time hamlet has become an incorporated city boasting many of the conveniences of modern metropolitan life. The city has the reputation in the province of being conservative and inclined to be easygoing, yet this young city has its own electric light and water systems, an electric fire-alarm system and a modern sewerage system. It has an up-to-date fire-fighting apparatus, and a conveniently arranged central fire hall. It has broad WXwR*>K8 mam i^feSHwSfeSl: *"^S practically inconceivable mineral wealth," a city that will one day bring forth gold in such quantities as to make other and less fortunate nations than Canada gasp and wonder. In fact, there is the whole province open to the tourist, who is eagerly welcomed wherever he may go. The lights of the northern skies shining on great lonely spots may fascinate him; the glorious sunsets over the Pacific may lure and draw; or the vast interior send forth her myriad attratcions, for there is that in the province that calls to all men, no matter what their race, creed, opinion or prejudice. They come and go, and each See Amalgamated Development Company's ad. on page 39. SCENE ON SEYMOUR CREEK, NEAR VANCOUVER Picturesquely situated along the base of a high plateau which fringes the south bank of the Thompson river, and opposite the mouth of the North Thompson river, Kamloops has been favored by nature with an ideal site. Its population is upwards of 5,000 which is rapidly increasing. The situation was chosen by those intrepid pioneers who erected the first fort in 1812, and one is almost led to believe that it was selected not only for its strategic position at the centre of an immensely rich country, but also for the added charm of scenic beauty. Since the first stockade fort was built a century ago, the place has gradually increased in size and importance. Through all thb and well-kept streets, lined with an abundance of graceful shade trees, and trim velvety lawns making many comfortable home sites that are owned by a settled and prosperous people. Besides the conveniences of modern life which are owned by the city, the residents have all the usual ones supplied by other concerns. Telephone connection with all the points on the lines to the south, telegraphic communication with the world; express and money-order offices; good schools and hospitals, churches and lodges, in fact all the requirements for a comfortable, convenient existence amidst the most desirable surroundings. The Amalgamated Development Company has made good. See page 39. 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 19 The city of Chilliwack is one of the most attractive communities in British Columbia. It is replete with advantages for tourist trade, possessing many facilities, and being justly famed for great natural beauty, and, in addition, all branches of trade and professions are well represented, and everything that can be found in a large city can be had here. The Bank of Montreal and the Royal Bank of Canada have important branches here and employ large staffs. Five first- class hotels give the best possible accommodation to the travelling public, being modern in every respect. An opera house having a modern stage, with a seating capacity of 600, attracts good companies, while a roller skating rink, bowling alleys, billiard rooms, etc., provide amuse- mail delivery is given to the people living on the roads traversed by the different mail carriers daily. The city is served with excellent water direct from the beautiful mountain falls in view of the whole valley, and the fire protection is very good on account of the splendid pressure. Comfortable homes are a feature of Chilliwack, and in the summer, surrounded by her wealth of fruit and flowers, it is no wonder that people who come to see, remain and make it their permanent home. The climate of Chilliwack is the Coast climate with some favorable features in addition. Its mild winters are greatly enjoyed by those who have for years endured the below-zero weather beyond the Rockies. Once in every few years several large agricultural valleys of peculiar promise. It is the terminus of the Shuswap & Okanagan railway, 46 miles from Sicamous Junction, and has in addition to the government offices, branches of the Bank of Montreal and the Royal Bank, and also two newspapers which have creditably reflected the enterprise of the district. It has daily communication via the Canadian Pacific railway with the southern country, and as far as the international boundary by means of steamers on the Okanagan and Dog lakes* and by stages to various points of the district. The city is beautifully situated and the climate is healthful and exhilarating and will undoubtedly attract a large population of tarmers and small holders ARBUTUS TREES, SAVARY ISLAND ment to those in search of such. In summer all outdoor field games are indulged in, driving through the beautiful country, picnicing, riding, fishing, etc., and in winter, music and dancing clubs hold sway, Chilliwack being noted for her hospitality to the stranger within her gates. The churches—Anglican, Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist and Catholic —are all in a flourishing condition with large congregations. Many fraternal societies have large followings, among which are the Masonic, Odd Fellows, Foresters, Knights of Pythias, Orangemen, United Workmen, Templars, etc. The postal facilities are good, and a handsome .new office is to be erected by the government this year. Some 14 sub- offices throughout the valley are served from the Chilliwack office, and a rural the thermometer astonishes everyone by falling to zero, but only for a day or two at most, and winter after winter has been known to pass without any cold snap at all. A few days' snowfall may be had, and its appearance is hailed with joy, especially by the younger generation, as being a great novelty. Being inland, the valley escapes the fogs that are troublesome on the Coast, and has a brighter and dryer air. The rainfall is most heavy in November and December, but outdoor temperature may reach 90 once in a great while, but the west wind from the sea gives the valley a pleasant coolness. Rains are very warm. In summer the operations are never suspended, and thunder storms are practically unknown. Vernon is a centre and chief supply for the Okanagan district which contains from other parts of Canada, seeking for such conditions as exist there. It is the country town of the valley and has a population of about 3,000, which is rapidly increasing. It boasts of all modern improvements, such as municipally owned water and electric light systems, sewerage, public and high schools, five churches, two banks, many fine mercantile establishments, well-equipped hotels, fruit-packing houses, saw mills, sash and door factories, and other flourishing industries. Many fine drives and good, level roads lead to the large tract of orchards by which it is surrounded. It has two beautiful lakes within easy distance, one being two and one-half and the other five miles from the city. The shores of these lakes are the summer resort of a very large portion of the Page 20] OPPORTUNITIES 1910 inhabitants of the city, affording as they do excellent advantages for boating, camping, fishing, etc. .The climate is bracing and pleasant, fairly hot in summer with cool nights, sloping, grassy banks surrounded by the cliff bound mainland shores and the towering mountain peaks, it is a veritable garden spot amid a wilderness of rugged precipice and rock. The whole atmos- lures, and, in the proper season, the rod gives place to the gun, and the wild ducks, brant, and geese afford the sport for the hunter. As far as the fishing is concerned it is made doubly enjoyable iggSsa ;*«svi *#■ A Al3TYPIC\L "POINT GREY HOME LBY COURTESY OF F. N. TRITES & CO. cold in winter, averaging 44.7 with occasional dips to zero and below. Climatic conditions may generally be described as very fine, although the city sometimes has exceptionally hot days in summer, and extremely cold ones in winter. The winter temperature for four months would not, however, average over 10 degrees of frost, with from one foot to one and a half feet of snow. The ideal conditions of soil and climate in the midst of beautiful and inspiring scenery, and the ready sale at good prices for everything produced are fully appreciated by men who have been "grubbing along" in the worn out fields of older countries, and their glowing reports are inducing thousands of farmers in Eastern Canada, United States, and the British Isles to "sell out" and secure land in British Columbia which is destined to become, in a measure, the "Orchard of the Empire," as the prairie provinces are its granary. CHARM OF SAVARY ISLAND. This delightful island is situated in the Gulf of Georgia, some forty miles from the city of Vancouver, opposite the little village of Lund, and within half a day's journey of either Vancouver or Victoria. Nestling, as it does, on the bosom of the calm Gulf waters, with phere of the enchanting spot breathes of restful calm, and extends a wordless invitation to summer pleasures. In most enticing terms it allures to sweet siestas beneath the spreading branches of heavily branched trees, or moonlight strolls along the shores, and one can almost hear the merry shout and laughter of happy children paddling along the sandy beach as the tide comes rippling in over the warm, white sands. The island is crescent shaped, and about five miles long from east to west, the points of the crescent forming a long, shallow, sandy bay on the north side, which at low tide becomes an expanse of level white sand, perfectly smooth and firm, with only a few isolated boulders, which simply serve to set it off properly by supplying the necessary touch of contrast. This wonderful beach is by no means confined to the north side, however, but extends from a quarter of a mile to a mile in width at every point along the shores of the Island. In the summer the water becomes luke warm after its long trip across such a hot expanse of sand, which has been exposed to a summer sun between tides. Hence the bathing is the best imaginable. For fishing, Savary Island is a paradise, resembling closely the famous Catalina. Large salmon and salmon trout respond well to the trool and the fly, and other by the possibility of distinguishing objects at a depth of twenty feet on a fine day, the water being wonderfully clear all around the island. It is in tended to install glass bottomed boats at the resort, and thus make it possible to observe the habits of fish and other inhabitants of the waters. The accessibility of the island is an important feature. It is only one mile from Lund, which is a regular calling place for practically all the coast boats, and these will easily be tempted to call at Savary when the wharf is erected, and the island is as thickly populated as it is certain to be in a very few years. At present there is no difficulty in reaching it from Lund or from any of the well known surrounding points on the mainland, or even from Victoria or Vancouver by launch. There is a splendid hotel at Lund, and ample accommodation of all sorts to meet the demand that is certain to come in the next few months. Cottages are already being erected on the island, and everything points to a splendid future for Savary Island as a charming summer resort. It is reported that the entire holdings of the Pacific Coal Mines Company, on Vancouver Island, have been purchased by the C. P. R. for $44,000,000. A forfeit of $1,000 was put up by the Amalgamated Development Company in case their representations were not correct in every particular. Three newspapers sent representatives who report,—better than - represented. See page 39. 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 21 THE PROMISED LAND. The curly ships, rushing along the fiftieth parallel as if it were a tight-rope, bring the immigrants eager to make a hazard of new fortunes in the last new country—the strong, out-doors worker with the sun-toasted skin, the drab-faced mechanic of the shops, and the human fungus detached like a worthless coupon from an ancient family tree, the man of moral lassitude and no taste for labor, over whose soul the blight creeps like mould. It is a color-splashed, interesting crowd that comes ashore when the steamer bumps the dock, "great stuff" for the psychologist, the candler of human eggs. In the mind of every man who has seen a ship landing immigrants are little snapshots of one of the most humanly interesting scenes. Emigration is a racial chess game, in which the world is the board, the players immigration agents, governments and steamship lines, and the emigrants the chessmen. From many-roofed Europe the human pawns are moved to the wide unsheltered plains, and the new wide- streeted cities of the western world, where roars the mighty smelter which will in the sweep of time smelt all this cosmopolitan pentecostal crowd into good the English papers have reflected a nervous feeling that soon there may not be much good land left in Canada. Let not their hearts be troubled. Of good land there is plenty left. In the three prairie provinces the C. P. R. has still about eleven million acres to sell, land companies and private owners have perhaps fifty million acres to dispose of for money; and the Dominion Government has almost forty two million acres to give away for free homesteads. There are vast spaces of tillable land in the Peace River and other unorganized districts of Canada. British Columbia alone has room for a white horde of the sons of mortal men, upon whom she has gifts to bestow more generous than the largess of storybook fairy princess—every good thing coveted by the human heart, including a clement climate and a chance to "expand with the good times." The Fraser, the Bulkeley and the Skeena rivers drain a great area of good agricultural land. A great deal of it is slightly timbered and easily cleared. Much of it not timbered at all. Long summers and short winters make it ideal for ranching, dairying, stock raising and mixed farming. There is very little snow and zero weather is unknown. In other parts of British Colum- eries and the unmeasured timber lands. Here under the temperate western sun, and the newly-minted stars, the settler can find all that mortal man could wish for.—"Vancouver Province." WANTS SOME LAND BEFORE IT ALL GOES. Mr. W. O. Varnsdale, of Wichita, Kansas, the home of Congressman Murdock, one of the insurgent leaders who has been making things lively for President Taft's administration, recently visited Vancouver, for the purpose of investing in a few acres of British Columbia land before it is all off the market, which he thinks will not be long at the present rate of settlement. "A great many Kansas people are coming to this section of the Dominion this year,' he said, "and they include the very best class of our farming community. W7hile Kansas is all right and will have a fair crop this season, there are many there who are compelled to rent and are desirous of securing their own homes, and this country appears to be in the minds of most of them. "The large majority of those who will come are in fairly good circumstances, I {SOUTHSSHORE, SAVARY^ ISLAND* Canadians, and vitalize some of the fungi. Hundreds of thousands have come, but they only dot the vastness of Canada—a few to the square mile. Lately some of See Amalgamated Development Company's ad. on page 39. bia there is much excellent land available for farming and fruit-growing. Mineral resources claim attention too. The half has not yet been bragged about the mineral resources of British Columbia. Wonderful is the opulence of the fish- energetic and progressive and will make the very best citizens in the development of the country." The refinery plant is all shipped to the oil fields at Katalla, Alaska, belonging to the Amalgamated Development Co. See page 39. Page 22] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 »•■•••••..••.•.. "t«»"«"»ii»ii»i' .•..•..•..•.. British Columbia—the Land of Opportunity OPPORTUNITIES Including the REAL ESTATE REVIEW A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. SUBSCRIPTION, $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender Street, W. Phone 6926 Vancouver, B. C. Fraser S. Keith, Managing Editor. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. ..€••••••••••••.•••.».. '••••••♦J. ••.•••-••-•.•••«£« ffergmmtr? (Enttqu^rja (£rtttttjB, tfjat jwwrr mliith; ImzzUb mortal rtjrra, Ja oft httt pnzmtmntt in Majgmar. (ftotttimunta rffort of ttarlf, tmpltra 3m aptir of rotwtlraa falla thr powrr to riar. '2faitxt failure a«h aurrraa tip? pnittfa an fin? Mtn aomrttmra know not inhnt th^tr irrnrh tbr Unr • • Ann oli! rtmtf trur, tm>n afratea of hottbt Mamag, *W\a often oarfoat piat hrforr thr hag. A littlr morr prratatrnrr, nwragr, otm! £>nrrraa mtU hanrn o'rr fatlurr'a rhmhtj rim. ©h*n takr tljia ffotwjj for th* hittrrrat tup: " ©Ijrrr ia no failure, aaur in gttmut. «p. 5fa rral fall aa lotto; aa nnr atill trira; 3For arrmtno, ari-barka makr tljr atrotut. matt oriar. alirrra no hrfrat tn trtttli, aaor from within; Httlraa gowVr bratrn tlyrrr, ijou rr bornxo to mm" i^mrg Attatttt 4c* *••*•*• •*••**••■ Appreciation plus Cooperation When introducing "Opportunities" to the public, a deep consciousness of the need, to proclaim to the world our priceless heritage, created within us a steadfast resolve to perfect an adequate medium of publicity. We were decidedly pleased to note the appreciative tone which characterized the references to our magazine by various contemporaries, immediately following the first issue. The commendations and expressions of good will were regarded as additional evidences of the existence of a capacious field for a periodical possessing "Opportunities' " aim. During the elapsing of the subsequent mouths our original purpose has been intensified and our pleasure enhanced, by the manner in which each community we have visited, has co-operated. Never has the communal spirit been better exemplified. At the outset the absence of a competitor was recognized. It was then our desire not to compete, but to co-operate with all others. In those respects the situation is unchanged. The laborers are incommensurate with the harvest. The capacity of the field, the urgency of the demand, and the strength, alertness and industry of our neighbors to the South, renders the co-operation of British Columbians imperative. There never was a better opportunity and a greater call for concerted action. While we are engaged in a laudable endeavor, the task is, nevertheless, of colossal dimensions; greater than Vancouver, Victoria, Prince Rupert or any other of the great cities of this Province may hope to accomplish singly. For several decades all the manufacturing nations have been paying considerable attention to Asia. The nine hundred millions of inhabitants of that continent afford a rich field for exploitMjpj|| The building of the Grand Trunk Pacific and the existence of Prince Rupert, partially proves the interest the Imperial Government has in a route to the Orient and in the Asiatic trade. Now that the Panama Canal is nearing completion, the competition between the different States and Provinces bordering on the Pacific, from Panama to Alaska, is waxing feverish. The necessity of our increased vigilance is thus obvious, notwithstanding the great advantages we possess geographically and in natural resources. The pages of "Opportunities" are at the disposal of all British Columbians to be used as a medium of publicity for our mutual and collective good. Our desire is not to sarcastically gloat over the failure of others just as worthy, who have for various reasons been unable to realize their laudable aims. We banish the thought of posing as "the great and only," making great promises and in the same sentence denying them. In our attitude to all contemporaries we intend to foster an atmosphere pregnant with, at least, one good quality —appreciation plus co-operation. 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 23 the Visit of Sir Wilfrid Every citizen of British Columbia, no matter of what stripe or creed, or no matter how far his personal opinions and convictions may differ from the great leader, will welcome his coming visit to this Province. Sir Wilfrid Laurier represents the highest development of Canadian statesmanship, and when the British Dominions over the seas are represented in the Imperial Parliament, should he be spared in health and strength to that time, amongst the notables there assembled, he will command a leading place. Although British Columbia did little to strengthen the Premier's party at the last general election, Sir Wilfrid Laurier will find a welcome awaiting him in the Pacific Coast Province not surpassed by any other during the course of his. transcontinental tour. It is particularly incumbent upon Vancouver to pay him special attention, in view of the fact that her member has not been characterized by any favorable attitude towards the Premier personally. Sir Wilfrid will see scenes calculated to surprise and inspire him—evidences of progress and development that, as Prime Minister and in closest touch with all the progressive forward movements in Canada, he can scarcely realize. Mingled with those feelings of surprise and wonder, Sir Wilfrid Laurier should carry away with him memories of the most pleasant character surrounding his trip to the Coast, and we are sure that the citizens of British Columbia will do everything in their power to bring about that desired end. Zhe Importance of the Jtpple Along the line of the progressive development of this Province the apple is going to play an important part. The inauguration of the First National Apple Show for Canada, having its inception in B. C, will give every opportunity to prove, to greater advantage than ever, the superior conditions existing here for the cultivation and growth of perfect fruit. Every one in the Province is interested directly or indirectly in the coming Show, so that every support should be given the management to make it of the greatest possible success. Canada's first National Apple Show is an epoch- making event in the Dominion's processional of marvelous achievements which the twentieth century is unfolding to the world. All honor to the thrift and business enterprise of the men of Vancouver who have made the undertaking possible. Fruit growing is the supreme test to which.soil and climate can be subjected. Therefore, when the world is called and witnesseth the magnificent exhibits of apples -the king of all fruits—as now grown from Canadian soil, there will be great rejoicing throughout the land,, for it will be found that the first Canadian National Apple Show will have done more than any other one thing to fix in the public eye that Canada is a desirable place in which to live; and that for the pursuit of wealth and happiness, no better opportunity exists on the face of the earth, than here and now. The tremendous value of the big Show from an advertising point of view is universally conceded. The keeping before the world the fact that fruit growing, with never failing crops and of superior quality, was not only possible, but profitable, gave to the Pacific Northwest States their prestige and has been the chief factor in peopling that region with a desirable class of settlers. It started in Eastern Washington, over twenty years ago, with a district fruit fair, and these fruit fairs soon became famous and were known throughout the United States and Canada, with the result that settlers came by the thousands, until, today and within a decade, the Inland Empire's annual fruit crop is worth * 10,000,000. The first National Apple Exhibition was launched in Eastern Washington, and the third exposition is now well in hand. Each of these exhibitions cost $40,000, but over 100,000 acres have been added to the orchard area of the country as the result of the first two shows. Does it pay? What do you think of it? It is needless to say that the members of the Board of Management regard the Canadian National Apple Show as the most practical undertaking yet inaugurated for the exploitation of the Province from a development and commercial point of view. The Vancouver City Council expressed their appreciation of its importance and put the stamp of their approval upon it when they appropriated $6,000 toward raising the necessary funds for its support. Irrigation Progress As we go to press the Western Canada Irrigation Association is holding its annual convention at Kamloops. What irrigation has done for different countries, making the desert blossom like the rdse, and turning arid wastes into veritable bowers of beauty and productiveness, is some index to the importance to this Province of the present gathering, where representative men are discussing the problems, policies, undertakings and results of irrigation enterprise. The importance of the gathering is further shown by the presence there of Premier McBride and other members of the government. The question of water, rights is being dealt with, as it constitutes probably the most important problem before the present convention. Individual rights must be protected, but the greatest good to the greatest number should be the key-note of the policy adopted in arriving at a definite understanding. It has already been demonstrated what irrigation can do in the dry belts of British Columbia. Everything conducive to making further areas of this land available and productive'■ should be given the heartiest assistance. The effect of the present convention cannot but be stimulating in that direction, and far-reaching in its effect on the immediate development of British Columbia. And it should be the proud object of every British Columbian to lend his hand towards this worthy object. ^»_^__^ Page 24] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 Industrial Progress in British Columbia Shares of the Hedley Gold Mining Company are now listed on the Boston Exchange. West Fernie school building is nearinj completion. A second new school will be added in Fernie annex at an early date. Eight inches of galena have been encountered on the Dominion claim, near the city of Greenwood. A large force of men are engaged on Prince Rupert's sewer system which is making splendid progress. Construction of the new provincial buildings at Ft. George is to be started immediately, in order that they may be completed before winter. Arthur Stringer, the well known writer, in a recent article on the American in Canada, estimates United States investments in British Columbia mills and timber at the colossal sum of $50,000,000. Capitalists in East Kootenay are considering establishing a pulpwood mill at Wardner, where an ambulance of raw material and ample electrical power is available. Nearly every month more than $50,000 worth of gold is shipped from Greenwood. The box factory at Arrow Lake is working night and day to keep pace with the heavy demand for fruit boxes. Reports from the Bayonne camp on Johnny Bull mountain indicate that the owners believe they have some strong veins of ore. One of the best is the Echo vein, owned by a Vancouver syndicate. During the month of June the Crow's Nest Pass Coal Company mined the largest tonnage in its history from Coal Creek and Michel, 116,447 tons being taken out, Coal Creek alone producing 74,372 tons. A report is current that a huge mining deal, involving several million dollars, affecting rich claims at Stewart, possibly Red Cliff mine, is pending. Rumor has it that a large English syndicate is interested. The British Columbia Copper Company's smelter at Phoenix is operating at capacity once more, treating close to 2,000 tons daily. Development work at this company's Rawhide mine is also progressing rapidly. A group of rich gold claims will shortly be worked near Kamloops by J. H. Sherman in the interests of Vancouver business men. Samples taken from the property assayed a very high average of free milling gold. Work has now started on the construction of the Kettle Valley Railway, Merritt, a station on the Spences Bridge- Nicola line of the C. P. R., in the Nicola Valley, being the point from which the work will progress this season. The Merritt Liberal Association ha& petitioned the Government at Ottawa for a drill hall, assistance toward the formation of a regimental band, an experimental farm for the Valley, and a separate telephone office building. The Princeton holdings of the Columbia Coal and Coke Co., Ltd., are being worked extensively. Estimates furnished by prominent engineers prove these deposits to be extremely valuable. Vancouver and Winnipeg capital is heavily interested in this company. A new wireless station will be erected this month at Lawn Hill, near Queen Charlotte City, Graham Island. Useful for shipping purposes, it will also form a connecting link between that part of the island and the mainland, bringing the settlers in direct communication with other points. The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company will erect immediately a thoroughly modern hotel at Victoria, according to W. P. Hinton, general passenger agent, Winnipeg, who recently visited the coast. The site chosen faces the parliamentary buildings. New Westminster is experiencing a building boom this summer. Many beautiful residences, apartment houses and office and store buildings are being erected. Ground is also being broken for the erection of several manufactories. An important deal was recently consummated in the amalgamation of the British Columbia Sand & Gravel Co. Ltd., Vancouver, and the Victoria Contracting Co. Ltd., Victoria, under the style The Producers' Rock & Gravel Co. Limited. The business of the old companies at Albert Head and Royal Bay will be continued and greatly enlarged. The refinery plant is all snipped to the oil fields at Katalla, Alaska, belonging" to the Amalgamated Development Co. See page 39. A Vancouver syndicate will invest $40,000 in a brick making plant, with daily capacity of 25,000, at Nanaimo. The plant, according to the agreement with Mr. R. P. Wallis, the party who put the deal through, is to be installed and in running order within six months. During the past twenty-eight months the Nugget Gold Mines of Sheep Creek turned out brick and ore shipments to the value of $385,000, with a four-stamp mill and a comparatively small force. With electrical power early this fall the camp's output will be greatly increased. A twelve-story building costing half a million dollars will be erected at the corner of Homer and Pender Streets, Vancouver. The plans in the hands of Messrs. Donnellan & Donnellan, architects, show a beautiful structure, most up-to-date in every respect. Excavation work will be commenced within a month. Work is now progressing at Esquimalt for the erection of one of the largest lumber mills in the province, to have a daily output of 250,000 feet. The mill is to be constructed by Eastern Canadian capitalists, who, it is reported, have also absorbed the B. F. Graham Lumber Company. The Adams River Lumber Company of Chase, B. C, with a mill of 150,000 capacity, are engaging men for a long run. They have discarded the "pack your blankets" system and instead supply springs, mattress and bedding. Their camps are new and as good as can be found. They pay the employment fee and will assist men with part pay if needed. In connection with alleged gross exaggerations in fire reports sent to outside papers, the Nelson Board of Trade has issued the following bulletin: "The reports circulated regarding forest fires in the district of West Kootenay have, fortunately been considered exaggerated. So far, owing to the extremely dry weather, these fires have been somewhat numerous, but they have been altogether local and have been kept in check. Some damage to mining property has occurred and in one case it was unfortunately accompanied by loss of life, but there is no cause at present for the anxiety which has been excited by the many alarming reports that have been circulated. The effect of the vigorous carrying out of the government regulations by the gold commissioner of the district is being beneficially felt." 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 25 ^%5 " Soothing Succeeds like Success." WESTERN JUCCEii /^AWING to the Increase in Our Business, we found ^-^ it necessary to seek Larger Quarters, and now have Our Own Building in Course of Erection. INSURANCE Fize Accident Sickness Plate Glass VA/1C?0VtR-TRU!>T- (WA/1Y- DUILDI/1G- INSURANCE Life Launches Automobile Live Stock A GENERAL TRUST BUSINESS TRANSACTED Stocl <s Investments Bonds I nsurance Real Estate Mortgages Rents Collected BHBI l The Vancouver Trust Co., Ltd. 542 Pender Street West, Vancouver, B* C* Kamloops, B. C.—Kamloops-Vancouver Trust Co,, Ltd. J THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IK EVERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 201075 Page 26] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 Real Estate Review of B. C During the past month the total number of real estate sales in and about Vancouver, and in other important centres of the province, has not been large. This has been offset to some extent by several large deals aggregating big amounts. There is no inclination on the part of holders of real estate to lower the price in any way. If anything, prices have stiffened somewhat recently, with the expectation of a more active market during the coming month. Several factors have also contributed towards the desire to hold for better prices. Important amongst these is the passing of the Point Grey Bylaw, extending the franchise of the B. C. E. Ry. in that district. The double tracking of outlying roads has similarly affected South Vancouver. Hastings Townsite and North Vancouver, and the district in the neighborhood of the proposed Second Narrows bridge, have experienced a slight indication of a boom, owing to the passing of the by-law in the Municipality of North Vancouver, providing $250,000 for investment in the bridge-building fund. Foster & Fisher, Hastings street, Vancouver, have met with wonderful success in placing on the market for 10,000 acres of land in the vicinity of Fort George, all of which was turned over in a short time. VICTORIA REAL ESTATE. At Victoria exceptional activity in realty contained in that semi-residential portion of the city broadly referred to as the James Bay district. Victoria is by many regarded as strongly indicative of certain moving impulses of a special civic development as yet unexplained to the general public, but grasped in their possibilities by those "on the inside." Additional illustration of this is the announcement that Messrs. A. von Alvens- leben, Ltd., have acquired four lots immediately adjoining the recently secured hotel site of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Co., and fronting respectively on Belleville and Elliott streets, these two double lots backing and extending between the two streets named, with an approximate width of 120 feet. The vendor is a well-known local gentleman with large Victoria interests, and the amount of consideration moving in the present transaction was $40,000. Mr. Joachim von Alvensleben, resident manager of the big firm buying, on being approached for particulars of the deal, while confirming its consummation and at the figure named, would not disclose the intentions of his firm in making this purchase. "That will become public in due time," said he, smiling. The settlement of the difficulties respecting the widening of Fort street will, it is expected, lead to a considerable demand for realty in that neighborhood. Already a number of important deals are being negotiated in that neighborhood. Evidences of renewed activity in the realty market are apparent. A portion of the Scott property known as the Dean Farm, comprising 78.82 acres, has just been sold to a Winnipeg investor for $116,000. The same investor has just purchased Pantages Theatre on Johnson street and the site upon which it stands from Mr. T. S. Macpherson for a consideration of $24,000. The Pantages site has a frontage of 33 feet on Johnson street. A block of stores, which will rank among the most commodious and modern of the city, will be constructed on the southeast corner of Fort and Cook streets by Mr. A. E. Todd, the owner of the $50,000 apartment house being built immediately opposite. The new structure will be of brick, will cost about $20,000, and will include nine stores and a large, up-to-date florist establishment for the Wilkerson nursery. The "Fort Block," as it will be called, will have a frontage on Fort of 120 feet, on Cook of 113 feet, and on Mears of 120 feet. It will be a fireproof structure. The whole of the floor will be of cement concrete, while the inside walls and ceiling will be covered with ornamental steel, finished in white enamels. The store fronts will be of plate* glass with marble bases, tile vestibules with enamelled brick columns based with granite. Each store will be self-contained, having its own toilet arrangements. The Fort street corner is already leased to a druggist who will take possession as soon as the building is completed. It will be fitted up in modern style, having a night room and prescription quarters. All the apartments will have rear entrances from Mears street through a cement covered yard. BUYS VICTORIA HOTEL. An interesting realty deal has just been put through the market in the purchase by Mr. C. H. Gibbons of the Colonist Hotel, Victoria, and the site upon which it stands at the corner of Simcoe and Douglas streets, and vacant lots adjoining on the park frontage. The property, which is a portion of the J. Corig- daripe and M. Boucherat estate, has a 315-foot frontage on Douglas street and 123 feet on Simcoe street. The estate is represented in the city by Mr. E. M. Johnson, and the sale, which involved a cash price of approximately $19,500, was negotiated by Mr. A. S. Ashwell, of the National Realty Company. Mr. James Moore, of Seattle, has received a telegram from P. D. Hillis, of New York City and Victoria, B. C, offering on behalf of English buyers $500,000 for the standing timber on the Graham Island properties of the Western Steel Corporation. Building operations at Fernie still continue active, over thirty-five houses having been already erected this year in the Annex and several large structures being in course of erection in the centre of the town. The new court house is rapidly nearing completion and will be ready for occupancy before the fall assizes. Considerable real estate activity prevails at Quesnel, besides the government auction sale of lots in the townsite, the subdivision of the White-Brown Co. of Seattle, adjoining West Quesnel on two sides, will have been surveyed and placed on the market. C. H. Ellacott is. at work surveying the blocks. George Brown, local manager for the White- Brown Co., and the Mercantile Trust Co., returned this week from the coast and his report is very encouraging to the citizens of Quesnel for Quesnel is known now as a prosperous little place and not just a spot on the map. Mr. Brown has taken a great number of pictures of the Quesnel district and is planning extensive publications on the surrounding country. Perhaps the biggest real estate deal consummated in Kamloops through a local agency was concluded recently when the Sunnyside estate, a few miles east of Ducks and on the north side of the South Thompson river, changed hands. The purchasers are Messrs. Ross and Shaw, of Vancouver and W. J. Kerr, of New Westminster, the price being $100,000, a substantial sum being paid at the time the deal was closed. The vendors are the B. C. Orchard Lands Company, a local concern, who some time ago arranged to dispose of the property to J. H. Kilmer, of Vancouver, hut the necessary payment due a few days ago was not made, and the other parties took advantage of the opportunity to get hold of the property, which is one of the best large acreages in the district. The deal was made through the office of J. T. Robinson. See Amalgamated Development Company's ad. on page 39. L 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 27 Increased interest in the new townsite of Port Alherni is evidenced by record sales to investors from all parts of the Northwest. Lots in the business section of the town are being rapidly snapped up and, in many cases, have been resold at increased figures. A prominent Winnipeg capitalist purchased several lots for a sum 50 per cent, higher than that at which the lots first sold eight days previously. Much interest is being taken by the public. Real estate is still on the move in Revelstoke, during the week just past the brokers and agents reported many sales of city residential property, as well as outside acreages, and fruit lands. Prices are holding out well and an advance is looked for in the course of a few weeks. A number of outside investors are coming into Revelstoke shortly and will leave considerable money here. Revelstoke is on the eve of a very prosperous era and with the advent of the new proposed railways she will without doubt be the leading distributing point of the interior of British Columbia. The civic authorities of Vancouver are considering the purchase of some 160 acres of land from Mr. J. C. Keith, for the erection of a reservoir and dam in the Seymour Creek Valley, to take care of the future needs of the metropolis. It is expected that extensive mining will take place shortly. Activity has been noticeable in this direction for some months, as the island is rich in both lignite and bituminous. Several of the claims staked cover an immense area. J PALACE HOTEL 5th AVE. AND COLUMBIA I Stewart, B. C • MRS. E. TUCKER, Proprietress HOT AND COLD WATER BATHS ELECTRIC LIGHTS. ETC. "EVERYTHING UP-TO-DATE AND JUST AS YOU LIKE THEM" -...»..»..»•■»..*•■ •■■•..«..•..•..•..•..•..•.••.•«•••■••••••. 0-.»..«-.«"0" Land Wanted Direct from Owners or Stakers. 1,000 to 10,000 Acres of land in British Columbia, for Farm Lands. Also Acreage for fruit irrigation proposition. Address: Box R. C. R., Opportunities Pub. Co., Vancouver, B. C. .«>..»..«..•..».. ••••••• •••••• .•..••.••.•«•..••*•*. 9* ■•.•••*•••••' Mrs. J. 1 Elliott i Hand-made Goods a Specialty J The most Ip-to-Date Store i For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear • and everything needful for • Infants and Children. Phone R313 i 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. ! :»••»•.»..».•». I.«I.»M«W»M>..»..|« Steam Heat, Gas, Electric Light, Telephone Hot and Cold Running Water in Each Room THE NEW SYLVESTER, 715 YATES ST. AND THE NEW TOURIST HOTEL Bannerman Home Bldgr., 628 Johnson St.Cor,Broad VICTORIA, B. C. i I Port Alberni f The Future Port of the Pacific 4> * ♦ .♦♦ in ♦ V f LOTS FROM $75oo UP All classes of Good Acreage from $80 °° per Acre and upwards GOOD AGRICULTURAL LAND Townsite Lots For Sale, also TIMBER LANDS J I G. R. NADEN CO., Ltd. j % Prince Rupert, B. C. I V T ? <|» • Mines, Stocks and Real Estate. Farm Lands ♦ V f in the Skeena, Bulkley and Kispiox Valleys ? i§> • i jg ♦£..„.....„. ..«..............„..»..............,........,...„..............,;. ►£♦••••••••■•••■••••>•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••«••••■■••••••••.*. ! j G. W. ARNOTT ft CO. j % 1 Heal Estate and Insurance ! % \ Drawer 1539 if Prince Rupert I y j Splendid Opportunities for Investors *** ? m <%> 1 - *-^m The McCombe Realty Co. I | LeeBlk., Cor. Johnson & Broad St. I VICTORIA, B. C. X 4 ^♦>^*§K*$*^4^,!^4^<^^^<HK<^,^^tv r S3 SUN VISIBLE L. TYPEWRITER Light, Strong, Durable. Absolutely Guaranteed the Best Light Typewriter in the world CASH PRICE $50.00 SEND FOR PARTICULARS THOS. PL1MLEY Automobile and Bicycle Dealer VICTORIA, B. C. J Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Snow Card Writing Designs and Specifications for Steel and Concrete Buildings Drawings for Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LHW-BDTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. © P. ©. B©X 271 *J»T-»-c».>-i*. **K*<§*M^*f>**-:« ^ i 4» I t WE ARE SPECIALISTS IN Portland Canal Stocks AND CAN GIVE YOU FULL INFORMATION ON ANY COMPANY OPERATING IN THAT DISTRICT. DAILY QUOTATIONS RECEIVED. N. B. MAYSMITH & CO., LTD. VICTORIA, B. C. MEMBERS PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE Olfices : Victoria, B. C, Vancouver, B. C, Stewart, B. C, Nanaimo, B. C, Seattle. Wash. * ♦^♦^^♦^♦^•jH^<§»«J^4^«J^*J^f'«H^> T t * # 1 4* 4 4* THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 28] OPPORTUNITIES [19/0 Kerrisdale, Point Grey Greater Vancouver's Greater West End .^r-■.-.---»- :• .. 4 RESIDENCE OF CAPTAIN STE"WART, KERRISDALE, POINT GREY The extraordinarily fast growth of Vancouver into a manufacturing city, and the steady expansion of the business area, have already aroused those residents who desire above all else the privacy and advantages of a capacious home, removed from the bustle, smoke and turmoil of manufacturing and business centres. Fortunately a reminder of the great extent of residential sites, joining the city, tends to relieve the anxiety. So far the West End has supplied the need, but business interests are fast crowding this beautiful residential quarter out of existence. Its natural successor is Point Grey. The extremity of Point Grey is a mina- ture plateau, three hundred and fifty feet above sea level, overlooking the Gulf of Georgia. Commanding an entrance to English Bay, and in such proximity to the entrance of Burrard Inlet, it may aptly be termed the outpost of Vancouver's harbor. With miles of waterfront- age on English Bay, the Gulf of Georgia, and the mouth of the Fraser, the municipality of Point Grey affords as beautiful a residential site as one could wish to find. Comfortably removed from the din and dirt of city life, to windward of the metropolis, catching the full benefit of the Pacific's balmy breezes, this beautiful suburb is excellently equipped to claim the distinction of being the premier residential district of Greater Vancouver. The hub of Point Grey is Kerrisdale. This community might, so to speak, be called Point Grey's county seat. From here the development of the new suburb radiates. At Kerrisdale all the public buildings of the municipality are located, including the post office, which cost $4,000, the municipal hall and public school. There are various stores, including a grocery and meat market. There are already many magnificent residences; some costing $40,000, some even more. The occupants of these homes include Messrs. Bowser, Alvensleben, Tweedale and R. S. Ford. The price and size of the lots and the fertility of the soil also add important factors in securing those comforts folk desire in a home. It is in this district the C. P. R. cultivates twenty-five acres, and produces} vegetables for their hotels and dining cars. The soil is noted for the growth of roses, on account of which the Vancouver Floral Company has established an extensive plant and gardens. The Royal Nurseries Company have forty acres under cultivation. But the chief factor in bringing this beautiful land in touch with the City is the recent ratification by the Point Grey municipal council of the street railway agreement with the B. C. E. Ry. Co. This company has been granted a forty- year franchise to extend their system on all or any streets in the municipality, though not exclusive. The company has already acquired five acres near Twenty- fourth avenue, upon which they contemplate building a power plant in the near future. So with all the preceding facts and prospects, Greater Vancouver's Greater "West End" is assured. BUILDING PERMITS EXCEED $7,500,000. The report of Building Inspector Jar- rett, of Vancouver, for the first seven months of the year, shows that the value of the buildings authorized during the period is over $7,500,000. This brings the total, covering only a little over the half year, $250,000 in advance of the banner annual record of $7,258,565. The July total was 644,480, which represents an advance of about $100,000 on the record for the corresponding -period last year. S»5£3£K§£&&&&i ■Si H&ttHii&BH£0i£ RESIDENCE OF COUNCILLOR ST. CLERE, KERRISDALE, POINT GREY 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 29 A Far Better Investment Is TIMBER ROUGHLY, Seven Tenths of the Timber in British Columbia is now held by American Syndicates. We ape now buying* on behalf of a German Syndicate. ENGLISH INVESTORS should communicate with us and we will give particulars of the latest timber deals and the profits they show. Vifarif, Burmester & Vm € raevenitz 4-11 Pender St., Vancouver, B. Cm !■■».■»..».■»■■»..»..»■■«.■»■.«. %,., .* The fort George Country Is the last great undeveloped central area in the Province of British Columbia, if not in all the world. We have for sale 160, 320 and 640-acre tracts. Good water, rich soil, easily cleared, big open patches, close to railroad, close to Fort George. Surveyors' notes and every description. Small cash payment handles this, balance spread over five years. WILLIAM HOLDE,N 333 HOMER .STREET VANCOUVER, B. C. jar I Point Grey .:. Point Grey # /^vUR Famous X> /^ AND H Acre Homesites in this W ^~*^ most desirable part of Point Grey are meeting with # much success. )jtt They are Large Enough to make an ideal home. w (Read the sizes again), )^, % and ^ Acres, almost a W. ranch. Beat them if you can. w If You Contemplate Buying in this beautiful dis- *$? trict, see us at once and save money. f MOLE 6- KEEFER «» The Point Grey Specialists 1065 Granville St. Phone7070 Vancouver, B.C. m (Jj^SCADLJ Tl?e Beet with°ut a peer iti) # ,.* »'»>M|Mi "♦M#lltMtM|||fw#M| m WHEN YOU'RE TIRED OF LIVING —Where you are now, call on us and let us help you choose your next Homesite in Beautiful Point Grey. POINT GREY HOMESITES FROM $900. V 4oy Tendez St. W. Herman House Company 'Vancouver, ^B. C. y KERRISDALE POINT GREY ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦■»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦■»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ x : ♦ ♦ ♦ 4 MILES FROM VANCOUVER POST OFFICE. Vancouver's New West End. All the conveniences of the West End, with the advantages of purer air, no fog", less rain, more sunshine, more room, 5c car Fare. $100 secures a Homesite. Balance of purchase money can be spread over 2 years. Mr. Familyman, look ahead and secure a homesite in Kerrisdale now while prices are low. ROOM 4 532 Granville St. APPLY ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦»♦»♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦ THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS W. H. WINDLE Vancouver, B. C Page 30) OPPORTUNITIES [19/0 With the Brokers H. W. Windle, 532 Granville street, is making a specialty of the Kerrisdale district, which is quickly becoming the favorite residential quarter. Mr. Windle, speaking concerning Kerrisdale and Point Grey, said, that the municipality will be busy "spending nearly $1,000,000 on improvements, such as roads, sidewalks, water mains, parks, and the B. C. Electric Railway will spend a large amount on new lines in this district, also in double tracking the present Lulu Island Railway. Kerrisdale is only 4 miles from the postoffice, 1% from Shaugh- nessy Heights and on account of the southern exposure, Kerrisdale is warmer and has less rain than "Vancouver and no fog. Anybody with regard to health for wife and family, should live in Kerrisdale, where there is plenty of room and fresh air and schools. An investment in a homesite now will be very profitable also from a financial point of view. Several ladies in the West end, have signified their intention of residing in Kerrisdale in the near future. The East Coast of Vancouver Island offers splendid opportunities to the fruit grower and farmer. Around the district of Nanaimo land can be purchased very reasonably, both cleared and uncleared tracts from five acres up. The advantages of this district are numerous. There is a delightful climate, magnificent scenery, close proximity to the mainland. Nanaimo being the nearest port on the island to Vancouver, with excellent shipping facilities, and lastly there is a ready market in Nanaimo City itself for all the produce that can be grown for miles around. To give our readers an idea of values in this district, we give te'ow a few farms which are listed with A. E. Planta, Ltd., the best known and oldest established real estate agents in Nanaimo and district. Mr. Planta possesses the experience of a lifetime spent in this neighborhood, and is fully qualified to advise both large and small investors as to the most suitable sites for their needs. Here are three farms which will give an idea of the variety of properties which this firm have for sale. Five acres about one mile from City limits, nearly all cleared, 200 chickens, sow and pigs, 3 roomed house, small quantity household furniture—Price, $1,800.00. Twenty acres, about fourteen acres cleared, large house, 50 good trees in bearing, 16 head cattle, horse, wagons, hocse-rake, cultivator, separator, implements, tools, goodwill, distance of property from Nanaimo, about 4 miles.— Price, $3,700.00. 360 acres, fifty cleared, large orchard, house, 9 rooms, barn, granary, stable, 40 head cattle, 4 horses, plough, harrow etc., tennis court, delightful country.—Price, $16,000.00. Messrs. Ward, Burmester & Von Grae- venitz have now moved into their new offices in No. 411 Pender street. These offices have been fitted up in an attractive but quiet style. This firm deal principally on behalf of clients in Germany and Englaad, to whom the conservative style of business more particularly appeals. The Canadian Investment Company has a good thing in Port Moody, and they have found it out in their summer season, when realty is usually quiet. They report a steady increase in the demand for this townsite property, because people have become more attracted to this vicinity owing to recent important developments there. They still have some choice lots in this rapidly expanding district and are always willing to give complete information and advice to intending buyers of Port Moody property. The North Coast Land Company is receiving hundreds of letters asking about the Fort George district. This Company is very heavily interested in the Nechaco and Bulkley Valleys as well as the Fort George district, and has sold a great many 160, 320 and 640 acre tracts to wide-awake investors and farmers all over Canada and the United States. The officials of the Company have been agreeably surprised at the enormous amount of business at this season, which is generally the worst time of the year for the sale of farm lands. Those who are in touch with the tremendous development schemes and colonization projects already formulated, are of the opinion that the number of actual settlers going into these districts next year will be ten times as great as the number who are going this year. M. H. Franklin Co. advise demand for inside property not brisk but in a healthy state, and increasing. No snaps in outside holdings but prices good. Predict present quietness will prevail, with some improvement, for a few months. Meessrs. Lougheed & Coates, of 633 Pender street, report that there has been a very noticeable increase in the demand for all classes of residential property, more particularly in South Vancouver, where the majority of purchasers are building their own homes. The Kitsil- ano district is also in demand, with very little speculative buying. The arrange ment that this firm has of building homes for cash or on terms brings considerable business in this line. Mr. Lougheed has had a large experience in home building, and is competent to execute plans and specifications for any sized house, pretentious or otherwise. They are specializing bungalows, as this style of home seems to be the most up-to-date and is the choice of the most particular buyers. An inspection of their work will prove that they know their business in this line. They are also handling good farm lands in the Nicola Valley, at prices which are away below the average for land of this description in British Columbia. The John T. Stevens Trust Company report many indications of increased activity in real estate in West Fairview, as also an increasing number of inquiries for homes and homesites. The develop- met and laying of the new car lire on Broadway, west of Granville street, should cause shrewd investors to turn their attention in that direction. The prospects for both seller and buyer are large and encouraging and buyers who know good values should at once look over the ground, so that they may acquire something worth while when the greater activity commences which is expected within the next thirty to sixty days. Bona fide investors and home- seekers would do well to call on the John T. Stevens Trust Company as their knowledge in this particular locality should be of great advantage to buyers. We are sure no effort will be spared to suit their requirements and the usual personal and courteous treatment will be given to one and all. We advise you to call at their Branch Office at 2435 Granville street, 'phone 4265. Mole & Keefer, Point Grey specialists, report steady market for their well located homesites in Point Grey. The advent of the new carline has undoubtedly created greater interest in this beautiful residential section, and it is not too much to hope that, with the usual autumn revival of the realty market, Point Grey property will be in even greater demand than at present. A homesite should have all the environs that go to make a real home, and as all people who know Point Grey are fully aware that it possesses all the advantages which are requisite in a homesite, it is little wonder that this progressive firm find such good demand for their choice holdings in this district. It might be well to note that they have moved to 1065 Granville street, next door to their old premises. 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 31 The real estate firm of Harwick & Dea- kin, recently of Broad and Johnston Sts., have merged with the Royal Realty Co. and have moved into excellent and commodious offices, on the ground floor at 615 Fort street, Victoria. They are commanding considerable respect as Insurance and Financial Agents. The extended business experience in Victoria, of Messrs. Hardwick and Deakin is proving a valuable asset to the new firm. The Shaw Real Estate Co. of 707% Yates street, Victoria, are enjoying their full share of Victoria's prosperity. They report a healthy demand in city property, also in timber, farm and fruit lands The different real estate agents report brisk inquiry and a number of deals pending. Messrs. Currie and Power have just put through a tract of acreage in Esquimalt. The sales of this firm during several days total over $20,000. In a recent interview with Mr. R. Thompson Tinn, our representative was greatly impressed by Mr. Tinn's confidence regarding the bright future before North Vancouver and Burnaby. Mr. Tinn is one of our first-class brokers and has a reputation for being conservative in his business, so his opinions come with considerable force. Mr. Tinn says: "The Second Narrows Bridge, talked over for so many years, is now in the hands of men who are able and eager to do things. Already their plans are far advanced and it is almost certain that construction will begin this The Amalgamated Development Company has made good. See page 39. year. What the bridge means to North Vancouver is certainly not realized, even by many of our leading real estate men. At least three large industrial corporations will locate on the North shore directly the construction of the bridge is commenced. North Vancouver will have a large business centre of its own, with warehouses, business blocks and large office buildings, just as we have on the South side of the Inlet. The value of residential property will take big jumps with the development of industrial life; and the beautiful sites available for homes make north Vancouver exceptionally desirable." Mr. Tinn's opinion is that now is the time to buy on the North shore, to reap certain profits, the size of which one hesitates to name, the future is so bright. Continuing, Mr. Tinn remarks: "Burnaby and Hastings Townsite will also benefit greatly by the proposed improvements in communication. For those whose business compels them to locate on the South shore, he would thoroughly advise an examination of the possibilities of Burnaby. Quarter acre lots can be bought there for prices no greater than is being paid for 33-foot lots in other districts surrounding Vancouver— and Burnaby is just as accessible. There are two steam and two electric railroads, and another electric railroad nearing completion; and still another steam railroad charter applied for—all of which are to connect and develop the districts lying between Vancouver and New Westminster. Most people here make money so easily in real estate that they do not stop to reason closely and calculate where they are likely to get the largest returns." PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE. N. B. Maysmith & Co., Ltd. Bid. Asked. Portland Canal Stocks- Bear River Canyon .11 Bitter Creek .90 Glacier Creek .13 .25 King Edward Mines Little Wonder Little Joe •). K. Fraction — Main Reef .35 Olga (Pooled) .25 Portland Canal 31% 34 Portland Wonder .25 Rush Portland .18 Red Cliff 1.30 1.50 Red Cliff Extension .14 Stewart M. & D 2.50 3.25 Vancouver Portland 1.00 Stewart Land Co 26.00 Miscellaneous— American Canadian Oil.. .14 .16 B. C. Amalgamated Coal. .01 % .02 B. C. Permanent Loan... 130.00 B. C. Pulp & Paper Co 15 .26 B. C. Oil Refining Co 60 .80 Bakeries Limited 7.00 8.00 Canadian Northwest Oil.. .25 Great West Per'nt Loan. 120.00 127.00 International Coal & Coke .67 McGillivray Creek Coal,. — Nicola Valley C. & C 62.00 Pacific Whaiing (Pfd.). . . 60.00 Pingree Mines 02% .04% Radio Wireless Tele Rambler Caribou .22 .25 Royal Collieries 20 .25 South Africa Scrip 650.00 700.00 Silica Brick Diamond Vale Coal & I.. . .14 Lasqueti Island MinFg Co .12 Northern Oil .18 Dr. Earl T. McCoy has opened Optical Parlors, 65 Fairfield Building, and he will be pleased to look over your eyes at any time. Dr. McCoy employs the latest methods of optometry and makes a specialty of muscular trouble. He gives satisfaction where others fail. If your glasses are not entirely satisfactory, it will pay you to call. A forfeit of $1,000 was put up by the Amalgamated Development Company in case their representations were not correct in every particular. Three newspapers sent representatives who report,—better than represented. See page 39. CnaXrXZXIXXIXXrriXIIIXIITTTTTTTTTTTTTyTTTTTTTTTTIITTT^IIIIITITIIITTTTYTTTTTTT^ H M Cable and Telegraphic Address : "STECO," Vancouver, B. C. Codes Used : A. B. C, 5th Edition, and Western Union CORRESPONDENCE INVITED Reference: Bank of Montreal SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT Phones : Head Office, - 5604 Branch Office, 4265 Residence, - 5694 The John T. Stevens Trust Co. Mercantile Buildinsr, 318 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Branch Office: 2435 Granville Street Estates Managed Funds Invested Companies Organized Stocks, ''Bonds, cMines f WE ARE PREPARED TO ACT AS MANAGERS, TRUSTEES (UNDER POWER OF ATTORNEY), REPRESENTATIVES AND AGENTS FOR CLIENTS, INVESTORS, MORTGAGERS, AND PROPERTY OWNERS. CONSULT US. WE PLACE MORTGAGES ON 50% MARGIN OF VALUATION YIELDING 6% TO 8% INTEREST Timber Limits Farm Lands Insurance Colonization ftx xx x-Cdcxxtxxxxx x_ l»«IIIIIETXTIT»TTiriTIIIXITTTXXX:rXXTXTTTTTTTTTYTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTYTTrT^^ ♦ _____________________ ____________________________ BULLEN & LAMB (Late Bullen Photo Co.) 'HONE 4018 The House of Ideas 743 Pender Street, W. VANCOUVER, B. C. The Highest of Ideals Architectural Photography Enlargements Amateur Finishing Picture Framing Cameras and Supplies ._.._.._.._.._.._• »«.>" >_>__.-_._.. _-._*._-•__•»-_.■_■! _.._.._..».._.._,,_,._,,» ,. _.i_.i _.._,._.. _.._■■—! _..._._.._-._..••-_< THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS ._.._.._.._.. Page 32] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 Progressive Hew Westminster 31 n appreciation By A. Edward Roberts. It is doubtful if there is another place so richly endowed by nature with so many attractions, which appeal to the settler, as the district of New Westminster. The river transportation is. excellent and the railway facilities are all that could be desired, while the climate soil and geographical position are the very best. Give any man the before mentioned environs and it is only a matter of time before he can attain a position of independence. This is not a mere assertion when applied to the district in question, you have only to British Columbia. He could not resist an exclamation of delight when he saw it. You would do the same; because it means that New Westminster is not following, but leading most other cities in municipal improvement. Columbia street is just one of a whole line of progressive movements that is taking place in this rapidly growing city. Verily New Westminster is coming into her own. Her citizens have become fully alive to her great heritage. And heritage it is. Few cities have such a splendid future as this beauty spot, which at the same time ent is the real "ground floor" of this district. At no time in its history was it more conducive to individual advancement than the present. The whole Fraser valley is on the verge of a great wave of commercial activity which will surprise the world and mean the circulation of millions of dollars among its people. It is surprising how rapidly this district is filling up; and the joint efforts of these new and active citizens are not only increasing their own personal wealth but are adding to the wealth of the whole community and are also in- W&^^^f^^^' GENERAL VIEW OF NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C walk or drive along the banks of the mighty Fraser and see the long line of substantial houses, golden and green fields, sleek cattle, beautiful orchards and general air of prosperity that prevails everywhere in this district, to be convinced that here amid such scenes of prosperity and contentment one could, by less exertion than in less favored lands, gain that independence of thought and action which is so dear to the heart of every man. Westminster City itself is sharing in this great wave of prosperity which is sweeping the surrounding country. The writer of this article has from time to time visited this charming city, with its beautiful location on the banks of that truly wonderful river the Fraser. He was never more struck with its progressiveness than when alighting from one of the splendid interurban cars which run between this city and Vancouver, and beheld Columbia street as it is today. Imagine a beautiful wide street, with street car poles in the center, with well designed cluster lights on either side, lined with handsome business; blocks, beautiful banks, and federal buildings and you have Columbia street, New Westminster, the best lighted street in has the throb of youthful activity and the environs of a future city of wonderful size and importance. One has only to gaze upon the wonderful panorama of the Fraser valley to be convinced that the optimistic and broad-minded view of its ambitious citizens is well founded. One might ask, "What class of people would succeed best in this prosperous community?" I would say that there are good chances in all walks of life. I think there are few places where the "Back to the land movement' could be more successfully carried out. What British Columbia needs is more farmers, more producers; and there are few places where farm life is more enjoyable and profitable than the district in question. A small holding only is necessary to make a good substantial living and leave a good surplus, because the soil is so fertile, the growth so luxuriant that it is practically no time before a holding becomes a home. Then the market for fruits, vegetables, poultry, etc., is right at the very doors of the producer so to speak, while the prices for these necessities are at all seasons of the year good and amply repay the wise individual who has the courage to work from the ground up. And truly the pres- creasing the price of land in general. Land at $300 per acre to-day can easily be made worth $800 to $1,000 per acre in four or five years. Many a man who started in a small way in Westminster district five years ago is in an independent position to-day, and the chances are better now than ever. Dairying, poultry raising, truck farming have already assumed tremendous proportions. The prevailing prosperity and the rapidly incoming population to all parts of British Columbia is daily adding strength to the home market, which will justify any \ number of new farms. I am no prophet, but when I visit this district in question and see those splendid rich fields and thickly planted orchards, and beyond the vast areas still awaiting the producing hand of man, I feel that one need not be one to predict that here is, and will be a land flowing with milk and honey, a land where any man with an ordinary amount of the pioneering spirit can make a comfort^ able living and home of contentment, surrounded by a good class of progressive people, and a climate and general environment which are unsurpassable. A "farm well cultivated is a joy forever," 19/0] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 33 and if one has a farm, no matter how small, in this favored valley, there is no reason why one should not have all the joys in life and a full share of independence. If, however, one leans more to the commercial and industrial side of life, there is room and opportunity for all in the cities and towns, which are rapidly growing in size and importance. Whatever your calling in life or li£e-work may be, whatever your ambitions, you will find it hard to find a more pleasant spot to work out your destiny than the beautiful yet prosperous district of New Westminster. POINTERS ON THE CARE OF THE FEET. Mr. John Jackson, Vancouver's chiropodist, of suite 305, Loo Block, Hastings street, who is a graduate of the School of Chiropody in London, England, and a man of considerable experience in the art of relieving the pains in the pedal extremities of suffering humanity, gives the following free advice: What To Do and What To Avoid To Obtain Well Formed and Beautiful Feet. 1. Never wear a shoe that will not allow of your five toes having plenty of room. 2. Never wear a shoe the sole of which is narrower than your foot. 3. Never wear a boot or shoe that is tight anywhere; it stops the flow of blood and weakens the muscles. 4. Never wear a shoe that is to large in the heel or instep. Friction is as bad as pressure. 5. Never wear high heels as they will in time give you headaches; your eyes will trouble you; the spine will become weakened and your internal organs will become misplaced. The only gilt-edged, commercial Oil proposition on the market, Amalgamated Development Company, page 39. 6. Never allow your children to wear heels: it weakens the ankle and it causes the arch to become flat. The spring heel is the shoe. 7. Never avoid bathing the feet too often as cleanliness is next to Godliness. 8. Wear sandals as much as you can in summer. There is no reason except vanity why the feet should not be as free from pain as the hands. 9. The feet should be bathed once a day in the winter. In summer they should have two daily baths, one morning and evening. 10. We are departing a long way from nature in wearing stockings at all, but it is one of the concessions paid to civilization. 11. Be more than ever careful in your choice of boots and stockings for summer wear. Remember that heat expands and cold contracts. But don't think the stockings are immaterial. A good gown is made over a good lining. Is it not so? So a well-fitting shoe should go over a well-fitting stocking. I have known thoughtless women, who asserted and proved that they wore well- fitting shoes, wonder why their feet were still tender, and I have found that they wore stockings a size or more too small. The shoes were indeed roomy, but the stockings were so tight that they forced the toes to over-ride each other or press so close together that they caused soft corns and stopped the circulation of the blood. Any further information regarding the care and protection of the foot will be cheerfully given by Mr. Jackson, free of charge, at his suite of offices, 305 Loo Building, corner Hastings and Abbott streets, Vancouver. He will also remove corns, bunions, callouses, etc., paihTessly and quickly, at a moderate charge. During the past six months Mr. Jackson has successfully treated over 600 cases without a single complaint. FOR LADIES. Madame Humphreys, the progressive dermatologist of Vancouver has another important announcement to make to the ladies of British Columbia. She wishes to inform all her patrons both in and out of town, that she has secured the rights in British Columbia for the new Nestte Permanent Hair Wave. This is an ingenious creation and the fact that damp weather only tends to make it more wavy and that it will not wash out, signifies its superiority over the older form of hair waves. For many years the wave has been a success on cut hair but owing to the severe process necessary, it was found impossible to wave the hair on the head. Now, thanks to electricity, Madame Humphreys informs us that it can be done in this way without injury to the hair or head, with excellent results. In all parts of Europe society ladies have taken kindly to the treatment, and look upon the Nestte Permanent Hair Wave as a great boon. Madame Humphreys would be pleased to give any ladies interested in this new creation complete information regarding it. Her Hair Dressing Parlors are at 723 Pender St. W., Vancouver, where her valued services are always at the disposal of her many patrons. A company has been formed at Salmon Arm for the purpose of establishing and operating a creamery there. Mr. Agate and his party of eighteen have completed the reconnaisance survey for the B. C. & A. Railway between Lytton and Lillooet. The Dominion Department of Indian Affairs contemplates the early erection of a new Indian Industrial school at the St. Eugene Mission. The refinery plant is all shipped to the oil fields at Katalla, Alaska, belonging to the Amalgamated Development Co. See page 39. SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT Phone 589 The British Columbia Trust Corporation P. 0. Box 903 Head Office: VANCOUVER, B. C. 4% Special Act of Provincial Legislature, 1907 INTEREST PAID OJSf DEPOSITS 5% Authorized Capital: $100,000,000.00 DIRECTORS P. S. BARNARD, Chairman HON. F. CARTER-COTTON, Chairman of Executive WILLIAM FARRELL ROBERT KELLY RICHARD HALL THOMAS ELLIS DAVID R. KER J. C. ARMSTRONG EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE HON. F. CARTER-COTTON, Chairman WILLIAM FARRELL J. C. ARMSTRONG ROBERT KELLY OFFICERS F. J. P. GIBSON, Manager J. B. BARRY, Secretary Possessing modern facilities in banking rooms and vaults, an efficient Board ofDirectors and Officers, and ample resources to guarantee the security of funds entrusted to our care, we invite your business in- our Savings and Trust Departments. SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES TO RENT THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 34] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 o_ W 0. w w Q Q < < K D CQ W W PQ w > fa o > 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 35 BURNABY AND DEER LAKES. The picture on opposite page shows the beautiful valley containing Burnaby and Deer Lakes—the summer homes of some of Vancouver's best ciitizens are shown on the shores of Deer Lake. It ?vas impossible to show all the improvements on and adjoining these lakes. For the benefit of those who do not know this Valley, we would say to them to go out at the first opportunity and that they will be amply repaid for the trouble. As the soil is first class and capable of growing all kinds of fruits and vegetables, it is a profitable, as well as a pleasant undertaking, to own and .cultivate a piece of ground from a half acre up in extent. The new extension of the B. C. Electric to New Westminster, passing as it does between these two lakes, makes these properties very accessible. CO-OPERATION IN PUBLICITY CAMPAIGNS. Through a proposal of Mr. H. G. Hall, the Nelson Board of Trade has taken definite steps toward enlisting the co-operation of the entire Kootenay and Boundary districts in a comprehensive scheme for advertising the district and attracting settlers and capital. The Amalgamated Development Company has made good. See page 39. The establishment of an agent in London is proposed, also to induce strong companies to invest in large tracts of land, and by clearing the same bring in numbers of settlers. The effective displays of Kootenay fruit and flowers at the exhibitions at Calgary, Brandon, Winnipeg and Toronto, have conclusively proven that in advertising the land of the Kootenays for settlement the Publicity Committee has a very fertile district to recommend. Regarding the exhibits mentioned, the Publicity Committee expressed appreciation of the assistance rendered by the C. P. R, in donating express charges. The City Council of Victoria voted $4,000 towards this year's work of the Vancouver Island Development League. The Bank of Montreal donated $200 for the same purpose. In appreciation of the excellent work the Prince Rupert Publicity Club has accomplished, the Board of Trade and the City Council of Prince Rupert have voted substantial sums to swell the exchequer and meet the expenses of the club. The energy of the Nanaimo Citizens' League and their Secretary, H. R. Hick- ling, has been rewarded by monetary assistance from the Nanaimo City Council. •To the joint efforts of the Boards of Trade of Alberni and Port Alberni, is due the great success of the recent conven tion of the Vancouver Island Development League, held in that district. SCHOOL FOR CLOVERDALE. Plans are being drawn for the erection of a modern four-roomed school at Clo- verdale, for the municipality of Surrey, the architect being Mr. C. H. Clow of New Westminster, whose design and scheme of arrangement have the approval of the department of education. Tenders are to be invited very shortly and it is expected that no delay will occur in awarding the contract. LARGE EXPENDITURE. Estimated expenditures by the C. P. R. for repairs during the present year in the Nelson district and exclusive of the Procton hotel project, will aggregate $1,080,000. Some three hundred miles of railroad will be built; several new steel bridges are under construction, seventy miles of road will be laid with the eighty- five-pound Steel rails, wooden bridges will be filled in, retaining walls of stone masonry built, sixty miles of track ballasting done, a brick round-house built at Smelter Junction and a multitude of smaller jobs handled. Between 500 and 600 laborers are now at work at the various points and within a few weeks almost as many more will be engaged. Oil in large quantities—Amalgamated Development Co., page 39. For Burnaby Property On Either DEER or BURNABY LAKES. On the NORTH SIDE of BURNABY LAKE with Southern Exposure. Or on present TRAMLINE TO NEW WESTMINSTER. See Ross & Shaw 318 Hastings St. W., Vancouver, B. C, THERE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IH _BVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEI_IENTS Page 36] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 FAR FLUNG INFLUENCE. Although but a short time in the field, "Opportunities" is attracting attention from distant parts of the world. It is a source of satisfaction to the management to have numerous letters coming from foreign parts, where the desire to know more and more concerning British Columbia grows as the months advance. Following up a circulation campaign in England, we are about to launch one covering the entire. Dominion, and continued throughout the United States, from which sources many of the future citizens of British Columbia will come, and whence will be sent large sums of money for investment in this province. We have been careful to avoid the publication of anything concerning the province that is overdrawn or exaggerated. The bare facts concerning British Columbia are in themselves sufficient to attract attention throughout the entire world. Every loyal citizen of this province believes that never was there so favored a country. At no time in the world's history has a man or a people been able to ............... ................ ••«§• Baxter & Johnson Co. 1 LIMITED OFFICE OUTFITTERS Underwood Typewriter " Macey Filing Cabinets " Gunn Sectional Bookcases Steel Vault Fittings | PHONE 730 721 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. ■-"»"_■■_■•»■' >............................................................................^ STEWART' At the recent Government Auction of Stewart Townsite lots, 70 feet on Fifth Street realised $10,000. We own 86 feet adjoining Northern Hotel (the best Hotel in Stewart), fronting on Fifth Street and running back 256 feet to Sixth Street. Price $6,500, one-third cash, ? balance one and two years. I Indo-Canadian Brokerage Co. { | P.O. Fox 952 VICTORIA, B. C, ? T. HARRISON W. AKENHEAD Daily Stage to Cowichan Lake LIVERY MODERATE RATES Comer GOVERNMENT and STATION STREETS Phone 12 DUNCAN, B. C. look forward to the future with greater assurance; and nowhere, we believe, are the returns from capital or labor invested so rich and bountiful. A couple of representative letters are published herewith, showing in their own way the interest that is being taken in British Columbia and in "Opportunities." Renk, Upper Nile Province, Sudan 18-6-10 The Manager, "Opportunities" Magazine. Dear Sir:— Is it possible to send your magazine to this out-of-the-way spot for six months? If you will let me know how muh it is I will 'Send you six months' subscription from England. I hope to come out and have a look at British Columbia next year, and, perhaps, eventually to settle there. I, meanwhile, want to get hold of any information I can with a view to investing a little money. Yours faithfully, C. P. BRUME. Index to advertisements 45 Montpellier Terrace, Cheltenham, England. July 4th. Dear Sir: — I am just in receipt of the "Opportunities," for which I thank you, and will be glad if you will kindly forward me your monthly number to this adress. Enclosed you will find P. O. O. for 4s 6d, as I would like to subscribe to your charming little paper.- If you issue any special numbers I shall always be glad of a copy, which will be paid for on receipt. I have enjoyed reading your June number, which is full of interesting news from beginning to end. Sincerely yours, ROSE H. TAYLOR. rnr\j\STJiru\Tu\T\su\njru\riJxr\jTj\nj\j\ _T_n_p HENRY CROFT H. G. ASHBY 5 Assoc. Mem. Inst. C. E. \ c _i j M. Inst. Mech. E. | England Notary Public Cable Code : BEDFORD MACNEIL. Cable Address: CRAS, Vancouver Telepbone 5937 1 CROFT & ASHBY REAL ESTATE, TIMBER MINES, GOAL LANDS Absolutely Finest farm in B. C.; 40 miles from Vancouverj Net Income 10%: 1911 will be 20 % on purchase price—$100,000. Other Good Farms from $3,000 to $30,000. 4000 Acres First Class Agricultural Land ; level rolling country, North End of Vancouver Island, adjacent to Hardy Bay, @ $7.50 per acre. •CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED ->■■}» LRoom 5, Winct Bidg. Vancouver, B_ G- p u u-Ln_TJT_rT_n_rLr _jTrurr__xn_ru_jT_riJT_n_ru__T_ro Auld, Gwinn & McLarty 39 Armes, James Back cover Anderson & Clayton 38 Arnott, G. W. & Co 27 Austin, A. E. & Co 38-2 British-American Trust Co., Ltd 5 British-Canadian Securities, Ltd 36 Bagshawe, E. C. B. & Co 38 Baxter & Johnson Co., Ltd 36 Beeman, H 38 British Columbia Trust Corporation. .38-33 Bullen & Lamb 31 Canadian Investment Co 5 Capital City Realty Co 38 "Cascade" Beer 29 Chappell & Blair 38 Child, E. & Co 39 Christiansen-Brandt Co 5 Collinson, J. A 38 Croft & Ashby 36 Currie & Power 39 Dallas Hotel 42 Devine, H. T. & Co., Ltd 38 Dominion Glazed Cement Pipe Co., Ltd 40 Dresser, W. W. 38-2 Duthie & Wishart 38 Elliot, (Mrs) J. E. Elis, W. H 38 Flexman & Browne 2 Poster & Fisher 5 Franklin, M. H. & Co 38 Goddard, H. & Son 38 Goodyear & Matheson 38 Grandy, E. & Son 38 Granville Brokerage Co 38-41 ■ Harman & Appleton 38 Harrison, Samuel & Co 38 Eiarrison & Akenhead 36 Haslett & Whitaker 38 "H. & W.," Nanaimo 2 Hale Bros. & Kennedy 6 Henderson, E. & Co 38 Hewlings & Co 38 Hinkson, Siddall & Son 38 Hodgson, T 38 Holden, William 29 Humphreys, Madame 4 Imperial Realty Co 38 Indo-Canadian Brokerage Co 36 Jackson, John 39 Leonard & Reid 38 Leek, George 38 Lougheed & Coates 5 Latimer, Ney & Tavish 3 38 9r Marriot & Fellows Maysmith, N, B. & Co., Ltd _w Meed, William 42 Mole & Keefer 29 Moncrieff & Co 38 Morgan, E. S 38 McCombe Realty Co 27 McCoy, Dr. Earl T 39 Naden & Co 27 Nanaimo Machine Works 42 National (The) Real Estate Co 38 New Tourist Hotel (The) 27 North Coast Land Co ". 2 Palace Hotel "Pantorium" Parker, Chas. L. . Pattulo & Radford. Pemberton, C. C.. . . Planta, A. E., Ltd. Plimley, Thos. . .. , 27 42 38 38 38 38 27 Philpot & Lang 42 "Portland" (The), Victoria •. . . 39 Potter, J. W 27 Rea, C. Arthur 38 Roseborough & Harris 42 Royal Realty Co 38 Ross & Shaw 35 Seabrook, F. H. & Co 38 Shaw Realty Co 38 Smith & Jones 38 Smith & Smith 38 Sparhawk, M. M 39 Stevens, John T. Trust Co 31 Tinn, Thomson R 43 Vancouver Brokerage, Limited 38 Vancouver Trust Co., Ltd 25 Ward, Burmester & von Graevenitz. ... 29 Wescott & Letts 38 Westminster Hall 42 Windle, W. H 29-38 Woodworkers (The), Limited 42 Young & France, 27 THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910] OPPORTUNITIES [Page 37 KERRISDALE In making any investment—bonds, debentures, stocks, or real estate, one should carefully consider the character of the house offering the security. A reliable house builds up a clientele who do all their investing through that house. To retain and increase the number of these customers the house must not only deal fairly but must make sure of the stability of each offering. One dissatisfied customer hurts such a house more than can be remedied by a dozen satisfied clients. Let us tell you more about this phase of the question at any time you are considering an investment of any nature. Right now we have some real good offerings in debentures and stocks. We do not neglect real estate, either. For instance, we have a good deal of faith in Kerrisdale. We believe property there will advance in price. It is a most desirable locality for a home. Among various offerings there is a five-room bungalow, well and attractively built, occupying a beautiful location with an excellent view of the Delta and Gulf of Georgia. The property has a frontage of 140 feet on Wilson Road and a depth of 325 feet. Kerrisdale is only about 20 minutes from Hastings Street, and has a 5 cent car fare. As a home one could not wish anything more delightful and as an investment we believe this property to be one of the best we have to offer. The price is $12,500, on terms. Let us tell you more about it. BRITISH CANADIAN SECURITIES, LIMITED DOMINION TRUST BUILDING. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 38] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zbc progressive Brokerage, financial and Industrial Tirms and Institutions of British Columbia. Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN & CO. Real Estate and Insuranoe. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Real Estate Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. E. C. B. BAGSHAWE & CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLLINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 !40a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. CHAPPEEL & BLAIR Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTHIE 8b WISH ART Real Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. PRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building' Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD & SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone 3202 329 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. LEONARD & REID Real Estate and Fire Insurance Mining1 Properties in Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWARD B.C. Tel. 5852 GOODYEAR & MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 106 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insuranoe, Commission Agts. Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN & AFFLETON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT & WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. HEWLINGS & CO. Real Estate, Timber, Etc. Phone 1734 Room 4, 1109 Broad St. VICTORIA, B. C. HINKSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. t: HODGSON Real Estate and Insurance Box 604 - NANAIMO, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. P. Moncreiff P. E. Townshend W. F. MONCREIFF & CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT & FELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. PATTULO & RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707V2 Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. CHAS. L. PARKER Broker and Commission Agent Suite 50-51, 429 Pender St. Phone 3859 - VANCOUVER, B. C. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public '615 Fort St: - VICTORIA, B. C. SHAW REAL ESTATE CO. City, Timber, Farm and Fruit Lands 707% Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH & SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 - - - Phone 1743 P. H. SEABROOK & CO. Real Estate and Timber Phone 4043 316 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT & LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. •$-•_•> ........ ■_■!_.._.!$■ f NANAIMO This is not a ' Boom" Town, although VALUES ARE STEADLY INCREASING. TODAY IS THE RIGHT TIME TO BUY IF YOU WISH TO MAKE MONEY. We are the oldest established Real Estate firm in the City and can give reliable advice to Investors and Homeseekers. Write or call A. E. PLANTA, LTD., Real Estate and Insurance Agents, NANAIMO, B. C. Established 1888 ••••_.._.._•■_••_.._.._•._.._.._.. «&W"."-"-« »§*•.....•.._.._... .■_.._.._.._... .._.■.......■■_....■_.._........_.._.._........X. j SHAMROCK LIVERY! TEAMINGandFEED STABLES E. GRANDY AND SON Post Office Address: PORT ALBERNI, B. C. .%......■_.._...■ .__._.._..•.._.. >._.-j- __■■»■._■._.!» Res.: 3030 Quadra St. Office Phone 2418 E. HENDERSON & CO. Farms, Timber and Mines FRUIT LANDS 711 Yates Street Room 1, Sylvester Block VICTORIA, B. C. •♦ .._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._., '•«*.._•■__ »$» E. J. Bright T. A. McQueen The Capital City Realty Co. REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE AGENTS 618 Yates St. Phone 2162 VICTORIA. B.C. ...._.._■._.._.._■._■■_.._.._.._. .............. •*_* THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES [Page 39 We make a specialty of Business, Farm and Residential Property. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED mm & power REAL ESTATE and INSURANCE AGENTS 1214 Douglas Street P. 0. Box 316 VICTORIA, B. C. »£♦•_«< ............._.._.._.. -_.._.._.._., i . »!♦•••• THE PORTLAND Mrs, Baker. Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B. C ._.._.._.._.._........_....._....._.._....._.._..........._.._.._.._.... EYES EXSMINED BY LATEST METHODS OF OPTOMETRY DR. EARL T. McCOY EYE8ICHT SPECIALIST GLAS8ES FITTED 65 Fairfield Bldg., Cor. Granville & Pender St_>. VANCOUVER, B. C. 19 DATES OF PROVINCIAL FALL FAIRS. Vancouver—August 15, 16, 17, 18, and 20. Victoria—September 27 to ^ocober 1. Westminster—October 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Kamloops—September 28, 29 and 30. Vernon—September 15, 16 and 17. Chilliwack—September 20, 21 and 22. Nelson—September 28, 29 and 30. Armstrong—September 22 and 23. Comox—September 22 and 23. Alberni—September 14 and 15. Nanaimo—September 16 and 17. Nicola—September 13 and 14. Kelowna—September 20 and 21. Salmon Arm—September 23 and 24. Crarikrook—September 23 and 24. Agassiz (Kent)—September 27 and 28. Cranbrook—September 23 and 24. Ladner— September 23 and 24. Eburne—September 29 and 30. Maple Ridge—September 21 and 22. Summerland—October 17 and 18. North and South Saanich—October 7 and 8. Coquitlam—September 20. Langley—September 28. Surrey—September 27. Islands—September 21. New Westminster's new lighting system, on Columbia Street, was recently completed, and produces a decidedly satisfactory and pleasing effect. J Phom • . 953 P. 0. Box 817 E. CHILD 0 CO. • * • _ • REAL ESTATE Fort George Lands J . Room 9, 707M YATES STREET • • • VICTORIA, B. C. I I 1 I M,M, SPAR HAWK | • . I GENERAL MERCHANDISE | 1 I /? We carry a full line of latest Imported Goods « Columbia near 4th Ave. STEWART, B. C, Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 JOHN JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain. Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 350 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B.C. OIL! OIL! ©IL! OIL! Amalgamated Development Go. OIL! Our Statement Triumphantly Confirmed! READ THIS! Cordova, Alaska, August 3.—The party of shareholders in the Amalgamated Development Company have now spent a week in looking" over the oil holdings of the Company, and are impressed with the extent and nature of the resources. The party has visited Katalla Wells, Redwood Well, Chilcat Well, and Headquarters at Chilcat and Burls Creeks. The members have seen the oil bubbling in the borings and numerous seepages. The only pump already rigged up at Chilcat Well No. 1 yesterday pumped fifty-six barrels in a two-hour test. The high quality of the oil is unmistakable, and the party has been taken by surprise by the extent of the improvements on the property, which include twenty-one miles of wagon road, two and a quarter miles of tramways, camps and machinery. Construction of a pipe line to Kanak Harbor and the installation of additional pumps, so that heavy shipments can be made in the near future, are the next steps. This stock can be purchased by holders of Northern and International Certifi- cate of Exchange for $1 per share. Others can buy for $2 per share, par value $1 ALJLD. GWIN & MceLARTY 518 HHSTINGS ST. W. ♦«^ TELEPHONE 4327 '^w^^'B^n^ THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IK EV ERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 40] OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Sewer Pipe Satisfaction USERS OF SEWER PIPE will rejoice in the fact that they can now secure eONeRETE Sewer Pipe for every requirement, which will eliminate all their worries in that direction. Our pipe represents perfection in Sewer Pipe. It is absolutely true, it is easily laid. You save the breakage cost incurred by other pipe. Best of all, it costs you no more than ordinary clay pipe. El * We can quote you immediate delivery from a large stock. Every Builder, Plumber and Contractor in British Columbia should be using" our pipe, and we know that before long- such will be the case. Endorsed by the leading Engineers, % Architects and Contractors of British Columbia for Sewer & Irrigation Work Phone in your orders to 6926, or address Dominion Glazed Cement Pipe Co., Ltd 429 Pender Street, Vancouver GENERAL OFFICES, DOMINION TRUST BUILDING FACTORY AT FALSE CREEK THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910] Lulu Island Snap Ten acres on No. Six Road, now planked. Will have water past the property this fall. Property on both sides held at $300 an acre. Who wants this at $250 per acre? It is the best and safest investment you could make. Box M, Opportunities Pub. Co. Thousand Dollar Bonus The man who secures this will have made one thousand dollars as soon as the deal is through. A ten-acre block situated east of New Westminster with trackage and facing on government road. A beautiful piece of property which will be worth $500 an acre within a year. Surrounding acreage off the road and without trackage now selling at $350 per acre. This for a quick sale at $250 per acre; $1400 cash, balance over three years. Box L, Opportunities Pub. Co. OPPORTUNITIES [Page 41 SU ERHOME Here is a chance to secure a summer home on the north arm of Burrard Inlet at a low price. A 3-roomed cedar bungalow at Woodlands with a superb view overlooking the entire inlet. Lot three-quarters of an acre. Mountain water piped past the property. Good boat service convenient for business men. Ideal location. This is a genuine snap. Price $1200; one half cash, balance over 2 years. Address, Box K, Opportunities Pub. Co. ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ THE GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO, Real Estate, Insurance and Commission Agents mm BULKLEY VALLEY 160 ACRES at $8 per acre; 2 miles from G. T. P. Railway, under construction ; close to River ; specially adapted to Mixed Farming. If you are looking- for an ideal spot to become Independent, YOU SHOULD LOOK INTO THIS-^f CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED GRANDVIEW PROPERTY A SPECIALTY 1017 Granville Street J£ VANCOUVER, B, C. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ■♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ qjxn njxr__Tr_j"__TnnjTr__Tn_r^^ s Do You Want I to Make Some Money? _1_~l_p F you have a little spare time it will pay you to act as representative to ''Opportunities" in your district, or better still, if you can give us all your time you can make a handsome revenue with little difficulty. A card will bring you sample copies and an outline of our proposition, which is a most liberal one. * ADDRESS CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. Dxrurui_TJi_TruTnruTn_r_JTJ__T^ r__T_rir__vt-T-nnja_Tr__Tj^^ THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 42] OPPORTUNITIES [1910 TRANSIT! AND LIVERY ROSEBOROUGH & HARRIS SECOND AVENUE Port Alberni, B. C. .£..«.._.._.._.. ____»».«w..«..«..|t •••.«.. The Best of Workmanship Telephone 1396 The Woodworkers LIMITED Show Gases, Bank, Store and Hotel fixtures, Doors and Windows of all kinds Lumber, Lath, Shingles, Etc. Office and Factory: 2843 Douglas Street VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA ,.•.._.._.....•.._.._.. ...•_.._.._.._.._.. e »•.•."-.....-.■_ •■_.< ........ •••_.._.•_• ._.._.._•._.■•••_.._.._.._■._.._.._.._.. 0"_..-"."•••-.«£• DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in the City Fifteen minutes walk from P. 0. One minute s walk from street cars VICTORIA, B. C. Wjf _■'_■■ _«-_-.__■•■-■»' .-.._.■«■■........._.-_.._....._....._.._..£. »*.._.._.._.._.._..«.._....._.._.._.._.. ......_.._.._.._.._.._.._..».._.._..«.._..*. f P. 0. ox 413 Telephones: L97, House L207 ■ • Agents tor tlic Fairbanks-Morse Gas and Gasoline • Engines t f Dealer in Bicycles and Sundries i I Automobile and Bicycle Repairs on Shortest ? Notice a j CAPACITY FOR STORING FOURTEEN AUTOS NANAIMO MACHINE WORKS { R. J. WENBORN, PROPRIETOR 1 Chapel St. NANAIMO, B. C. ••••••••»•••••••••••-•••••••••••••••••_. .•..«..•..«..*.. PANTORIUM 1 a lofing Ph one 1823 Renovating s uil .s Sj _>ong ed and Pi "essed for 50c. o ne trial will ma! .e you a regular customer. 313 Gamble St. Vancouver. B, C. CONCRETE PIPE WILL SAVE CITY THOUSANDS. New Firm Awarded Contract for Next Year's Sewer Work. That the Board of Works has saved the city of Vancouver thousands of dollars by alloting the contract fcr sewer pipe for the coming year to the Dominion Glazed Concrete Pipe Company, Ltd., is the opinion of experts who have for some time been comparing the newer article with the old clay style. At the Board of Works session last evening the above-mentioned iirm secured the contract for the minimum amount required for sewer purposes during the coming year, the figure submitted being $70,910. Two other tenders were sud- mitted, these being for the clay article, one from Evans, Coleman & Evans at $76,930.50, and the other from C. Gardiner Johnson & Co. at $75,261.50. The contract awarded yesterday calls for pipe all the way from four inches in diameter upwards. On the four-inch article the price is the same as for the older clay style, but above that size the city saves on every foot in the quotations submitted by the Dominion Company, the reduction running from 35 to 50 cents per foot above the 12-inch size. This latter condition is accounted for by the fact that when the clay pipe is laid over the 12-inch diameter, it has to be encased in cement, a precaution not necessary when the glazed concrete article is used. The life of the latter, as* compared to that of the former, also is pointed out as a strong argument in its favor.—"Vancouver Province." PLANNING SHIPBUILDING PLANT. The British Columbia Marine Railway Company is notifying the Ottawa Government that it proposes to put in a suitable shipbuilding plant and will submit a tender for the construction of a Canadian cruiser of the Bristol type at Esquimalt. Tenders are now being invited for the construction of a warship, and G. J. Desbartes, deputy minister of the naval service, is advertising inviting firms to cotify him of their desire to tender. The plans and specifications of the new vessel, which have been approved by the British Admiralty, are of a confidential nature and will be submitted only to approved firms, which will have to show that they have, or propose to establish, suitable plants considered sufficient for building vessels of the Bristol class. The intention is to build the vesell for the Pacific Coast, and the British Columbia .Marine Railway Companyq is the only concern capable of carrying out the work. The Atlantic vessels will probably be built on the eastern coast. No warships may be built on the Great Lakes, the Rush-Bagot treaty providing against the construction of vessels in these waters. rn_Trar_njrT_n_ra_TJT_^^ H. W. Philpot H. W. Lang 5 TELEPHONE 6604 PHILPOT & LANG REAL ESTATE TIMBER INSURANCE MONEY TO LOAN Homes in all parts of the Cit.\ 1403 DOMINION TRUST BUILDING C Vancouver, B.C. p m_^u-_i xjuiJTjrnjrnj u WHOLESALE Fruit Produce and ! Provision Merchant f- ._.._.._.._........_........_.._.._.._.._.._. •t I Westminster Hall { VANCOUVER, B. C I Tlie Presbyterian College of th\e West Thorough training in all years of the Theological Course. Tutorial Department for men preparing for Arts. «Jf & &P The most distinguished scholars from all parts of the world lecture from time to time. { SUMMER SESSION a I For calendar, write PROF. G. { C.PIDGEON,D.D., Registrar i .•_-•_-•-••*••- -•••••••••••••" i THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNI T>f ElS S / % Page 3 I OPPOR TUN IT IES WE do not believe there is another city in America that offers as great opportunities for safe and secure money-making investments as does Vancouver. The reason is that Vancouver is a great seaport city in the making*. Property must steadily increase in value during" the period of its growth. It is stated by the best of authority, that we will have a population of 500,000 in fifteen years. The city has all the natural conditions to make it a very important centre. It has untold mineral wealth and great timber areas. Its fisheries are world renowned. Its climate is deligfhtful. Emigration is pouring" into Canada from all parts of the world and into the prairies and British Columbia in particular. The prairies may be likened to a great milk pan, the cream of which flows naturally into British Columbia. As the prairie farmers become wealthy, they will find their way into British Columbia, to take advantage of its excellent climate and enjoy its magnificent scenery. Hon. Wm. Graham, Minister of Railways, stated in his speech here at the Premier's reception, that no transcontinental railway can afford to keep out of Vancouver. We will have, at least, five such terminals. It is absolutely certain that Greater Vancouver will first include South Vancouver and Point Grey, and it is stated on reliable authority, that if every acre in these two municipalities were subdivided into 33 ft. lots, allowing four persons to the lot, this whole area would not accommodate 250,000 people. We have yet subdivided only 8^ square miles, while Winnipeg has subdivided 44 and Seattle 76 square miles. If these statements are true, and we believe they are, then each dollar invested intelligently in Point Grey and South Vancouver will grow into many dollars. We own property in both these localities, the most select of which is Granville Terminus. We are in a position to hold all we have indefinitely ; but, as we are in business to buy and sell, we will let you have any lots we own at as low a price as you can buy the adjoining acreage, and give you three years to pay for it. If you are interested, call and talk it over. Should you not wish to buy, perhaps you might have some good acreage to sell, and if you have, we are ready to buy right now, but remember, we only buy choice property on main thoroughfares or carlines. Latimer, Ney & JVLc Tavish 419 Pender Street West + %* Vancouver, B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES 1910 >.TS?Ti ^ * n ^ L_4 £WZ># Y H _^o_^ f_4 c_&s /feye y°H2: /face MFas/reJ a/2 J Ironed/ _«i v^ HIS is the very Latest Beautifying Method. You are privileged to enjoy its ^h Great Superiority before women anywhere else in the New World, because an Expert from Berlin, instead of stopping in New York City where her services were in urgent demand, came, for personal reasons, direct to Vancouver. She is with US. Her process is the fruit of the painstaking and scientific research for which the German people are distinguished. It is the Best Face Treatment yet devised. Warm oil is ironed into the skin with a gently heated electric iron. The effect is very soothing, and is also very beneficial. The pores are opened and cleansed much more thoroughly than by ordinary massage and cold cream, and the cuticle receives greater nourishment than by any other method. The result is that the skin is given new life and color. A further enhancement of Woman's natural beauty may be obtained by a simple arrangement of the hair, supplemented by our luxuriant, real hair switches, puffs and curls, in all shades and graduations of the natural waves. Superfluous hair, warts, and other facial defects are removed for all time by the process electrolysis practised by skilled operators. We are now offering Great Reductions in combs, pins and barrettes. These have been imported from Paris. They are very artistic and harmonize in every detail with the present mode of hairdressing. You will be surprised at the reasonableness of our prices and should take advantage of them now. If you live too far away for a personal visit, remember that you can write us a letter, which will receive the most careful attention. MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largest, Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast 723 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. _P_? _>_?_: iooo THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 5 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ t ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ w E HAVE THE ®IL!!! The Remarkable Progress of the AMALGAMATED DEVELOPMENT CO. has been unprecedented in the history of Oil Industry. Full possession to all of this Company's immense holdings was not completed until the 20th of June —Just two months ago. Since that date the Company has installed machinery for pumping two flowing oil wells ; has commenced, and is already far advanced with, the construction of a Refinery on the ground ; and has shipped Nine Miles of piping to convey the product of their Oil Wells to tide water. Can this record of progress for two months be beaten ? The present week will see the stock of the Amalgamated Development Co. quoted upon one or more of the local Stock Exchanges. Watch it Rise. Price of Stock: One and Two Dollars per Share. Apply— HULD, GWIN & MceLftRTY 518 HASTINGS ST. W. TELEPHONE 4327 ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ 1 ♦*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦«♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<£♦♦♦♦*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ •H -H »* N. E. Lougheed PHONE 1506 W. J. Coates LOUGHEED& COATES GENERAL BROKERS REAL ESTATE AND INSURANCE We Specialize in South Vancouver and Burnaby 633 Pender St., W. VANCOUVER, B. C. •*^. J. Christiansen P. O. Box 1531 J. F. Brandt We have LARGE TRACTS of Land fop Colonization Purposes 10 ACRE BLOCKS, TERMS TO SUIT PURCHASERS Prompt and Personal Attention Given to all Enquiries Sole Agents for The Grand Trunk Development Company, Limited Farm Lands, Timber Lands, Stock Ranches along* the Grand Trunk: Paeifie Railway The Christiansen-Brandt Co. Real Estate and Insurance, City Property PRINCE RUPERT, BRITISH COLUMBIA »* _ Port Moody OUR SPECIALTY For over a-year our attention has been devoted to PORT MOODY properties. Our unbounded faith in the town made us enthusiastic. In view of recent developments there—full accounts of which appeared in the Vancouver papers—we are more enthusiastic than ever. BUY IN PORT MOODY. SEE US. The CANADIAN INVESTMENT CO., Ltd. 80Hastings St., W. Phono 2790 Vancouver, B. C. THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 KERRISDALE Property in Kerrisdale appears to us to be an excellent investment at prevailing prices. Below we present a number of opportunities, all of which should be considered. About one acre, just off Wilson Road, at Kerrisdale Station for $2700.00, on easy terms. This is probably the best buy in the district. A large lot close to Angus Station for $750.00. $150.00 cash for quick sale. Two fine lots, facing the municipal hall, at $700.00 each. Fine small home on Wilson Road, close to Kerrisdale Station. Lot 140x325 feet. Price $12,500. Bodwell Road, fine high corner overlooking the city. Lot 84x140 feet. Price $1500.00; only $500.00 cash required. An excellent chance to make money. 2 lots, just off Wilson Road, 33x125 feet each to a lane, close to a station, offered at less than adjoining property was sold for. Owner needs money. Price $1375.00 for the two. BRITISH CANADIAN SECURITIES, LIMIT DOMINION TRUST BLDG., 1 VANCOUVER, B. C THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS :E3 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 Index to Advertisements c___x___xxx___xx_____rr__a _-3XiX__Kziix______i________r_____r3 Auld, Gwin & McClarty. Anderson & Clayton Arnott, G. W. & Co Austin, A. E. & Co British-American Trust Co., Ltd. British Canadian Securities, Ltd. British Columbia Electric Co Bagshawe, E. C. B. & Co Baxter & Johnson Co., Ltd Beeman, H Bullen & Lamb Canadian Investment Co. Capital City Realty Co.. "Cascade" Beer Chappell & Blair Child, E. & Co Christiansen-Brandt Co. . Collinson, J. A Croft & Ashby Currie & Power Dallas Hotel Devine, H. T. & Co. Dresser, W. W... . . Duthie & Wishart Ltd. Si- Elliot (Mrs), J. E. Elis, W. H Foster & Pisher Franklin, M. H. & Oo Goddard, H. & Son Goodyear & Matheson. . Gran dy, E. & Son Granville Brokerage Co. Harman & Appleton Harrison, Samuel & Co.. Harrison & Akenhead Haslett & Whitaker Hall, Harry B Harris & Co., R Henderson, E. & Co Hewlings & Co Hinkson, Siddall & Son Hodgson, T Holden, William Howell, Alf. M Humphreys, Madame Imperial Realty Co Indo-Canadian Brokerage Co. Jackson, Jno Kennedy Bros., Ltd , Leather Goods Co Leonard & Reid Leek, George Lougheed & Coates Latimer, Ney & Tavish Maple Leaf Clothes Drier Merchants Trust & Trading Co. Harriot & Fellows Maysmith, N. B. & Co., Ltd Meed, William Mole & Keefer MoncriefC & Co Morgan, E. S McCoy, Dr. Earl T b 40 39 -40 43 6 38 40 7 40 31 40 27 40 39 5 40 39 42 40 40 40 39 40 2 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 27 40 7 27 40 40 40 40 40 40 4 40 7 39 Ltd. 27 40 40 38 40 39 42 43 40 40 Naden & Co Nanaimo Machine Works National (The) Real Estate Co. New Westminster Exhibition . . . North Coast Land Co Palace Hotel "Pantorium" Parker, Chas. L Pattulo & Radford Pemberton, C. C Plimley, Thos Philpot & Lang "Portland" (The), Victoria. Potter, J. W Rea, C. Arthur Roseborough & Harris Royal Realty Co Ross & Shaw Back cov Seabrook, F. H. & Co Shaw Real Estate Co Smith & Jones Smith & Smith Stevens, John T. Tru t Co Sylvester, The New 39 42 40 29 o 27 42 40 40 40 39 42 39 7 40 42 40 er 40 38 40 40 31 L j-iimite Ltd Vancouver Brokerage Vancouver Trust Co. victoria Exhibition Victoria Gulch Mine.. , Walker, Henry M Ward, Burmester & von Graevenitz. Westcott & Letts Westminster Hall Windle, H. W Woodworkers (The), Limited Yates, The , Young & Francev 8 38 40 42 -43 48 39 AM PREPARED TO ADVISE INVESTORS HOW TO MAKE MONEY cxxxxxx___x___xxx__)-X_-____:___xx___xxxx-_ _xx_____n_x_ M _ u Tf HAVE HAD OVER TWEN* 11 TY YEARS EXPERIENCE IN REALTY Values in Vancouver. Lots, Acreage for subdivision, Farms and Timber. Some fine Business Opportunities. :: :: :: :: _X__XXXXXXXXXXXXX!C_XXX__r_3XXXXXXX_-_XXX_^_XXX__XX__C__ HARRY B. HALL Real Estate and Business Opportunities jj UNION ADJUSTMENT CO. I 401 HARRIS STREET, VANCOUVER, B.C. B §,.„.....„,.,.. ____ 1 _xxxxxxxxxxx_^_rx_cxxxx____cxxxxxxxxx__xxxxr__Tx___xxx__t_____xxxx_ HY SHOW CARDS — catch the Eye! They are Snappy, Original, Artistic. They BRING BUSINESS. Drop in and see for yourself. L. J. TROUNCE SHOW CARD WRITER Dominion Trust Building: Phone 6748 VANCOUVER, B. C. Estimates Cheerfully Given Phone 6481 HENRY M. WALKER Contractor for Land Clearing, Stumping, Blasting, Etc. Office, 552 Barnard St., Vancouver, B. C, .._....._.... i_n_i._il$l Baxter & Johnson Co. LIMITED OfNCE OLTflTTERS " Underwood Typewriter r* Macey " riling Cabinets " (junn bectional Bookcases Steel Vault Fittings PHONE 730 721 Yates St. .«.._.._.._.... VICTORIA, B. C. ._._»..».._.._.._■._■■_.._■■_.. ».._M_. DE. G. B. PRICE EYESIGHT SPECIALIST 108 LOO BLOCK vfif^i^0p^&r (First Floor up) Cor. Hastings and Abbott Sts.. VANCOUVER, B. C. «^«...._•...._.•_• ,._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._< >_■«$» STEWART At the recent Government Auction of Stewart Townsite lots, 70 feet on Fifth Street realised $10,000. We own 86 feet adjoining Northern Hotel (the best Hotel in Stewart), fronting on Fifth Street and running back 256 feet to Sixth Street. Price $6,500, one-third cash, balance one and two years. Indo-Canadian Brokerage Co. VICTORIA, B. C P. O. Box 952 •....... _<._.._.._.._.. «tll>l.|l<|ll.ll|ll|ll>MJl J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LAW'BDTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. © P. ©. B©X 271 191 OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. HUTCHINSON BLOCK. VANCOUVER, B. C. Gentlemen:— Please enter ™yr name as a subscriber to your paper for one year, for which Je agree to pay One Dollar in advance. TEEEE AXE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 PROVINCIAL EXHIBITION, VICTORIA FAIR and HORSE SHOW SEPTEMBER 27 TO OCTOBER 1, 1910 Large and increased Prizes for Fruit, Live Stock, Agriculture, Horticulture, Manufactures, Art. Excursion Rates from all points. Five days' Rough Riding and Roping Contests. Al. G. Barnes' 3-Ring Circus. Entries close September 12th. For all Information and Prize Lists, write Box 705, Victoria. GEORGE SANGSTER, Secretary Don't iss Your Chance h 1 ^HERE are Big Things doing in and opposite * New Westminster. The foundation is being laid for the Terminal Gity of a Third Transcontinental Railway. This City will rival Vancouver soon, and enhance the Values of all kinds of Property within a radius of miles of this Great Centre of Railway Activity. We can present for your consideration the Best Proposition Going. WRITE OR PHONE Kennedy Brothers, Limited Successors to Hale Bros. & Kennedy, Limited REAL ESTATE, ETC. Over flerchants Bank, cor. Columbia and Begbie Streets Phone 335 NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES Vol. II. HUTCHINSON BLOCK. VANCOUVER, B. C, SEPTEMBER, 1910. No. 3 Vancouver Island's New Era As Suggested by the Coming- Exhibition at Victoria By John Collins An impressive object lesson in the substantial wealth and resources of this Province will be given late in September in Victoria, when the British Columbia Agricultural Association, of which A. J. Morley is president, and George be particularly educational. You will discover, for instance, that here is an easily accessible region which is overflowing with natural wealth. You will be impressed by what you see, but if you have imagination, you will be more inl and beautiful displays of fruits, flowers, and vegetables, products of Vancouver Island soil and sunshine. Many fine specimens of live stock will, in their sleekness and contentment, bring to the mind's eye pictures of rich grazing lands. Sangster is secretary, will hold its fiftieth annual exhibition. While the whole province will be adequately represented, the location of the exhibition on Vancouver Island will bring especially full displays of the products of this rich section. These will tell the story of the Vancouver Island of to-day, and, more important still, will suggest the Vancouver Island of to-morrow. Because few sections of the world so blessed by nature are so little known, it may be assumed that your knowledge of Vancouver Island is not as extensive as it should be. In this case your journeys through the exhibition grounds will A VICTORIA FRUIT DISPLAY pressed by what these displays promise for the future. You will learn that Vancouver Island has fifteen thousand square miles of territory which have lain fallow through the ages, and only now are beginning to attract general attention on the part of those who go to Mother Nature for their wealth. You will feel at this exhibition the spirit of strong expectation which is natural in people who are looking to the future and not the past, who, as far as the development of their country is concerned, are at the beginning of the day's work. Yet much has already been achieved. There will be at the exhibition luxuriant The horse show, it is said, will eclipse all previous efforts. A large number of proud roosters and industrious hens of approved varieties will illustrate the success of poultry raisers, one of whom said recently that the man who knows his business can net a yearly return of a dollar on each fowl. The lumber will be a hint of the vast supply of timber, which is, and which will be for a great many years to come, one of Vancouver Island's greatest resources. This timber is heavy and is widely distributed. It averages about 50,000 feet to the acre, and its varieties are those in the greatest demand. It is. Page 10 attracting more capital to the Island than ever before. One tract of timber land was sold last year for two millions of dollars, and there is a constant investment of fresh capital in lumber and pulp mills, and in other industries dependent upon big trees. The array of minerals will bring forcibly to your attention the fact, among other things, that Vancouver Island has a great present yield and even greater promise in coal production. About a million and a quarter tons were mined last year. The acreage of coal mining is being continually extended. Many of the deposits have not yet been touched. They are distributed over a wide territory, and constitute an immense and permanent source of wealth. Yet coal is only one of numerous mineral resources. The copper deposits have been pronounced by authorities to be very great. At a Vancouver Island smelter twenty-two million pounds have already been produced. A huge steel plant is projected for the utilization of extensive deposits of iron ore, which are rapidly being acquired by capitalists. Gold has been discovered in numerous places. Some of the most beautiful marble on the market comes from Van- CPPORTUNITIES 1910 mm®® ^mm!i4Ammtii^> _a__.^__B_*_^ - - <_H*i^_!___Sr r__- -_-_[*■**'--.. ___;.>.-_-_ _>_■ E__ll___r_«_-" VICTORIANS ASSEMBLED FOR THE BOAT RACES Behind the resources there must be, of course, people imbued with the progressive spirit. A particularly attractive and convincing evidence of this spirit will be seen at the exhibition in the work of the women, who have devoted much constant care to beautifying the grounds, and to making, in the Women's Building, the displays of feminine work especially representative. That the people of Vancouver Island have that keen zest for Victoria herself, to those not already familiar with her charms, will be no less interesting than the exhibition. When you approach her from the water, and see the stately government buildings and the majestic hotel looming in the foreground, you get the impression that Victoria is distinctly serene, or even haughty, in her attitude toward the passing world. You will retain this impression until you prove yourself in Vic- SOUTH VANCOUVER ISLAND IS A LAND OF FLOWERS couver Island, and building stone, fire brick, pottery, and Portland cement, are available in large enough quantities to play which distinguishes the most effective workers will be seen at the exhibition in rough riding, roping contests, make these products the bases of great amateur horse-racing, and two daily per- industries. formances by a three-ring circus. toria. Then you will find the warmest hospitality. Victoria has excellent reason for not unbending with undue haste. She is the capital of the Province. She is, perhaps, the richest city, per capita, 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 11 on the continent. She has many charms of scenery—woodland drives, sweeps of beach, cottage-dotted shores. One of the oldest cities on the Pacific Coast, she has acquired the dignity of years. She has quite recovered from the youthful impetuosity which marks Vancouver and Seattle, her lively sisters to the North and South. Thus it is that she has an air of some aloofness. But this disappears when you become well acquainted with her. Then you begin to think that Victoria is the only place on earth. It is said, on as good authority as can be obtained, that a Victoria lady, upon going to heaven, was escorted to where she could obtain a good view of the scenery and then was asked how she liked it. "It is very nice, very nice, indeed," she answered. Then she paused, and added with a little sigh, "but it isn't Victoria." The city has a charming flavor of old times. Its representative people find leisure for the finer shades in the big panorama of life. You can see courtly gentlemen bowing over tea-cups, equestrians who look like English squires taking the air on thoroughbreds, golfers addressing the ball with much earnestness, young people assembled ,at the tennis courts and gliding in canoes over HOW VICTORIANS ENJOY THE BEAUTIFUL DRIVEWAYS steadily, on even keel, like a ship on smooth seas. And she is sailing to richer ports than she has ever entered. The B. and N. Railway is extending its line, the Canadian Northern is about to start construction from. Victoria along the West coast to Barkley sound. Leading Beautiful country, virgin territory that rarely has been trodden by the foot of man, will begin to contribute bountifully to the needs of civilization. Young men will find new opportunities, industrial organizers will be made rich, or richer, and the general prosperity will see a V. '- ^N ORCHARD JN.'T/t£ SEASON OF PROMISE, SOME CHARACTERISTIC .SCENES ON VANCOUVER ISLANE calm waters between woode id shores. Social life is mellow. Victor [ans have learned how to play. Yet they have by no means forgotten how to work. Victoria Is mov ing ahead capitalists, _ dwakened at last" ..b' cho -■ _■_■ »_ _ . •-*«••, great future of Van'couver"1 * Island," are pouring in their millions. The present industries are growing bigger, and new ones are being launched continually. largg .• increase in the flow of natural wealth to the markets from Vancouver Island—the island which has everything, but which has waited long for the period of full development now at hand. Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 PROVINCIAL PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS EMPRESS HOTEL AND CAUSEWAY, VICTORIA 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 13 British Columbia, Now and Tomorrow As Indicated by the Recent Exhibition at Vancouver By j. h. w. It is safe to say that no city on the continent has had a first industrial and agricultural exhibition as successful in all respects as the one which was held in Vancouver last month. To begin with its outward aspects, the general beauty of the location has not been surpassed by exhibition grounds anywhere. From almost any point within the gates the visitor could obtain an inspiring view of British Columbia is still close to nature and virgin resources. A little journey through the industrial building was an education in the present achievement, and the great industrial potentialities of this province. To begin with mining, which has been one of the initial industries of British Columbia, it was instructive to glance at the rich display of minerals from the Kootenay min- J. J. MILLER, PRESIDENT VANCOUVER EXHIBITION ASSOCIATION blue water, forests, and mountains rising to snowy heights. Only a few steps from the commodious and artistic building in which the industries of British Columbia found adequate display, was the shade and quietude of primeval woods, where the sight-seer could retire from the turmfcil of thousands of people looking at thousands of products, and find on benches or mossy logs opportunity for rest, and consideration of the fact that industry in ing district. Here were pieces of rock, yellow with pure gold, and a great array of ore of a kind which has brought fortunes to the lucky owners of the mines. One feature of the display promises the development in the Province of a new industry of importance. This display was of that curious mineral, asbestos, which has recently been discovered in large quantities in the Kootenay district. The asbestos is in strips about seven inches long, which fact acquires significance when it is known that the asbestos of Quebec from which the world's supply of this metal is chiefly obtained, has a length of only about an inch for each strip. The longer the strips the greater the market value of the product. No where else on the continent are thero asbestos deposits of as great commercial promise as those recently uncovered in British Columbia. They average in value about three hundred dollars to the ton, and, according to E. M. Widdowson,, provincial assayer of Nelson, there are millions of tons on the three claims. During the period of the exhibition negotiations were pending with Vancouver capitalists to take over the property, and to develop it completely. This will mean the building of a large mill for the separation of the asbestos from the rock, and will involve at the outset the expenditure of at least a quarter of a million dollars. The indications are that this discovery of asbestos will give British Columbia a greater production of asbestos than has Quebec, and will bring to this province one of the greatest of its future industries. Passing from products underground to those which grow above it, the observer at the exhibition was much impressed by the wealth of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. New Westminster had on display an exhibit of the bounty of the earth, which would indicate that her soil was capable of producing all the growths of northern climes. The Wonnock farm lands were also represented by profusion of fruits and vegetables. In the display of The Great Pemberton Meadows were potatoes of unusual size, which, it was stated, had been planted early in May and lifted early in August, and had attained their magnitude wholly without the aid of irrigation. One of the most decorative effects of the exhibition was the profusion of the roses and many other varieties of flowers around the long balcony. An interesting fact is that the season for these flowers is much longer than that for similar growths farther south, but also farther away from the benign trade winds of the Japanese current, which give this section of British Columbia some of the aspects of climates which are regarded as almost semi-tropical. On the main floor one saw many agencies for articles made in other localities, and much more important, many products manufactured here. For Page 14 instance, there were tiers of boxes of cereals milled in Victoria, and made from oats grown in the Fraser Valley, one of the finest sections in the world for this particular grain. The local demand for these cereals is so great that the Victoria mill is grinding night and day, and none OPPORTUNITIES the North. In connection with the shoe and harness factories here, it is a little strange that British Columbia now has no tanneries. It is said that the conditions for tanning in certain sections of this province are as good as in other localities, where this industry is a great source of EZ F-"-""1 .-I ~^P3m««* rtf*. «• «*- £/ «_iy jjlsia* issssssssr INDUSTRIAL BUILDING AT VANCOUVER EXHIBITION /e"*i%J of the product is sent to points outside of British Columbia. Another interesting industry of British Columbia represented was that of sugar making. The sugar in its raw state is brought from the Fiji Islands, where the company has its own plantation, but here in Vanouver it is transformed into numerous varieties of sugar of the highest grade, for which the demand is growing constantly. A surprising exhibit to all but those who know the Province well was that of tobacco from the Okanagan valley. The company which started tobacco growing in this valley had on display a large quantity of excellent cigars made of leaf from the plantations in Cuba, one hundred acres under cultivation. The output of leaf and the finished product is steadily increasing. Some southern experts expressed themselves as astonished that so fine a tobacco could be grown in this latitude, and after careful investigation of the conditions took steps to acquire a large acreage for themselves. There is every indication that the tobacco production will bring large revenues to the Province. It was not known by many persons until they visited the exhibition that Vancouver has a flourishing shoe factory, which began making shoes for rough use, but now has a constantly growing trade in men's fine shoes for city wear. Within two years the company has moved into a new factory, and it is constantly adding machinery to the plant. A kindred industry in Vancouver, represented at the exhibition, is that of harness and saddle making. A great many sets of harness and saddles are shipped to the prairie country, and recently the capacity of the plant has been taxed by the demand in profit to the community. While the supply of bark best suited for tanning is perhaps not as great as in Ontario, where many of the Canadian tanneries are located, the other facilities here are excellent, and it has been stated that there is no reason why one or more tanneries in this Province should not do a flourishing business. One of the most impressive examples of what may be accomplished by the 1910 A Victoria industry shown effectively at the exhibition was that of stove making. The Victoria product, particularly the cooking and heating equipment for country use is as fine as any on the continent. The success of this stove factory, the only one of its kind in British Columbia, indicates that with the growing population, there are promising openings for other industries of a similar nature. An interesting exhibit was that of a corporation which will manufacture gas producers and other lighting and heating equipments for homes and buildings of all descriptions. The attitude of the organizers of this company is that a great many articles which are now imported might just as well be manufactured here, with the natural result of greatly increased revenues for British Columbia and Vancouver and an even more pronounced growth than we have already seen in the prosperity of the people who have cast their fortunes with the Province. These enterprises are mentioned to indicate not so much the present development in manufacturing in British Columbia as to arouse an appreciation of what can be accomplished. One of the most striking phases of the exhibition was seen in the large number of agencies for products manufactured elsewhere. Many of these could undoubtedly be produced within the Province, and there is no doubt that as time goes on most of them will be, with financial results of a most satisfactory character to those who have sufficient enterprise and initiative to take the first steps. It may be urged that in this section there is a dearth of the skilled artisans : ONE OF THE PONIES AT THE EXHIBITION right kind of enterprise in new industries in British Columbia was seen in the exhibit of knitted goods. This line of manufacturing was taken up only about a year ago and yet the product is now in great demand throughout Canada and as far east and south in the United States as New York City. necessary to carry on these industries, but in the exhibition was an answer to this objection. The display of the handicraft of the pupils of the British Columbia schools was remarkable. The Vancouver High School, the Evening Schools, the Strathcona, Seymour, Simon Fraser, Fair- view and Lord Roberts schools were re- 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 15 presented by furniture and other products which would have done credit to the most skillful and experienced workers. It was made evident that the schools are turning out young men and women fully equipped for supplying all the demands for expert workmanship. In this connection it was interesting to note the ambitious efforts of the pupils of the Sechelt Indian School. It was plain that the Indians have become imbued with the spirit of progress which animates the whole population, and it seems reasonable to say that they may be depended upon in the future to contribute a fair share to the industrial development. The horses and other live stock lent special interest to the Exhibition. The horses, in particular, would commend themselves to any expert familiar with the best horse shows on the continent. Many of the finest animals were bred in British Columbia. This industry of horse breeding was begun here only four years ago, and yet the horse show last April in Vancouver was superior to any other which has yet been seen on the Pacific Coast. With the unusually auspicious start which has been made in this direction, there is every reason to believe that British Columbia bred horses will become celebrated. The fine sheep, the great variety of superior breeds of poultry, the cattle and the dogs of high degree constituted a live stock exhibit that surprised those who have not kept in touch with British Columbia progress in stock raising. Behind commercial industry is, of course, the home, and at the exhibition were many samples of work of home women. The lace display, for example, was particularly large and beautiful. Numerous products of the culinary art as practised by girls in the schools and others, were arranged temptingly. One of the exhibits of women most pleasing to the eye was that of leather and metal work, bookbinding, stenciling on crash and china painting. A considerable number of Vancouver women are studying these forms of art, and are enthusiastic over their constantly growing attainments in making their own homes beautiful. Some of them intend to take advantage of the opportunities in Vancouver for home decoration as a profession. Another important phase of women's work was reflected in the tea rooms in the industrial building. No less than forty different women's organizations in British Columbia were represented here under the auspices of the Women's Council, which, as explained by the president, Mrs. McNaughton, has for its aim the moulding of the efforts of all progressive women in the Province, into a single force for the betterment of conditions which in any way effect the homes and social life. Representing the less utilitarian forms of artistic endeavor were the excellent paintings of the British Columbia Society of Fine Arts. These portrayed the impressive mountains, the picturesque streams, and, in general, the beautiful bits of landscape which make British Columbia one of the finest scenic sections of the world. The exhibition was a most auspicious beginning in the important work of presenting concretely each year the remarkable achievements and the even more remarkable promise of British Columbia and Vancouver. The exhibition represented all phases of progressive life in this community, and told a dramatic story for those who had eyes to read it, of the rise of a complex civilization in what a few decades ago was a comparatively unknown wilderness. The Awakening, of Windermere The Columbia Valley is on the Eve of Big Developments By Herbert Welch As your train pulls into the town of Golden, you notice beside the track a big sign which announces that you are at the "Gateway of the Beautiful Windermere Valley." The words are alluring. They suggest delightful pictures. This valley, you feel, must have unusual merit to cause the citizens of Golden to proclaim it so confidently to the traveling public. They must be proud of the valley; it must be worth a visit. Why not stop over, and go on a little journey of exploration? From the station platform you watch your train dwindle in the distance. Golden, you find, is a very peaceful town. It goes to sleep early, and so do you. While the light is yet mellow in the morning, you breath with zest the cool mountain air as a team of smartly trotting horses swings you down past the big lumber yard to the- boat landing. The river steamer, with a huge paddle wheel behind, glistens with white paint. The captain, a brisk and cheerful man, shouts orders about the cargo, and beams upon the passengers. In a little while the flat- bottomed craft is poking her nose against the rapid current of the Columbia. Logs, coming down stream serenely, constantly bump the bow. Overhanging branches brush the upper deck. Beyond the thick foliage of the shores rise the mountain benches, gently rounded and nearly free from undergrowth, like terraces in parks. On the eastern side of the river they reach away like great steps to the Rockies' scarred and broken slopes, towering to snowy heights. On the western side is the vast jumble of the Selkirks. At frequent intervals you see clearings, the compact houses of farmers, vegetable and flower beds, orchards and alfalfa fields. Paths run down to the water's edge, and at most of these the steamer pauses, snuggling against grassy banks while goods are being put ashore. "There seems to be quite a population along the river," you comment to the captain. "There is," he answers, "and we're its errand boy. If a rancher has sent to town for a plug of tobacco we stop and unload it for him." The day passes pleasantly on the boat. Among the passengers are people who tell of coming out from England or Eastern Canada as pioneers, and of spending years in the valley. In the talk is the bouyant note of moderate prosperity, of health and hope. Evening comes. At last through the twilight you see the river spreading widely. You are gazing out over the placid bosom of Lake Windermere, ten miles long and a mile in width. It is the source of the Columbia— an excellent mother, for the river from its very start is a lusty stream, sweeping strongly to its destiny as the great waterway which the poet Bryant celebrated as "the mighty Oregon." You are now nearly a hundred miles to the south of Golden. The lights of a hamlet, Athalmere, twinkle on the level western shore, and moored to the bank is a house-boat, which, you find, is used as a sort of dock, and is also a hotel. You sleep there, and in the morning, if you really want to gather information about the valley, you travel on horseback or in a buggy four miles down the river to the village of Wilmer, where Randolf Bruce has his home. You will discover Mr. Bruce to be a Scotchman of unusual energy and enthusiasm. He came to the valley about twelve years ago with no capital but his energy. He quickly acquired his enthusiasm, and now. he has agricultural and mineral holdings worth a great deal of money. This is because he was one of the first to see the opportunities in the valley, and has been foremost in making the most of them. Page 16' OPPORTUNITIES 1910 "Tnis valley," he will tell you, "has a great future. It will have a far bigger output of alfalfa than it has yet seen. Its soil and climate are highly favorable to the growing of certain species of apples and other fruits. Already we raise strawberries so large that you have to cut some of them in two to eat them. Our vegetables would delight a market gardener. To turn from agriculture to min- neglected by the railroads," you remark. "You're right there," Mr. Bruce answers quickly, "and for this very reason the period of backwardness in the Columbia Valley is near its end. We are going to have our railroad. Fourteen miles'of grade up the Valley have already been made for a branch from the main line at Golden south to the Crow's Nest division. This work was done some time ago. It ready for the water that flows down from the mountains in creeks and brooks. This ditch, built with the money of a few Canadian capitalists, is eight feet wide at its base, and will provide an abundant supply of water for twenty-five square miles of virgin soil which, as has already been proved through experiments by myself and others, will yield great returns in fruits and vegetables. By de- &&4Z3 a___. ^ A SCENE TYPICAL OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER AT LAKE WINDERMERE ing, these mountains have rich deposits of gold, silver, lead and copper. Great areas of them have never been prospected. One of the few mining properties adequately developed is my own. I have already shipped about one hundred thousand dollars worth of silver and lead ore, and have at least a million dollars worth blocked out. There are numerous prospects which show indications of richness, and there is a great deal of promising mineral land which has never been staked out. I am confident that in the ground of our 'Happy Valley' there is agricultural and mineral wealth for many thousands of people." "If this is true, why has the development been so slow?" you ask. "There are two reasons," replies Mr. Bruce. "The first is that much of the soil requires irrigation. The second is that the Canadian Pacific Railroad Company has been so busy with settlers in the great wheat country in Alberta that it has not as yet been able to give much attention to the development of the mountain sections. Our lack of transportation facilities has held us back." "But a rich section does not remain was suspended, and a few of our people became discouraged. But within a few months the company has let contracts for the completion of the grading and the laying of rails. The officials, moreover, are giving careful consideration to a proposal to build a fine hotel near Lake Windermere, in a location which has already been selected, and which is ideal for a summer resort. Whether or not the hotel project goes through in the near future, the railroad is now a certainty, and we are enthusiastic over the outlook." "Yet the railroad is not all. An agricultural expert representing the government at Ottawa arrived here early in the summer. He verified all our reports of the agricultural possibilities, and announced before leaving that the government would establish in the valley a forty acre experimental farm. The only question pertains to the site. Two are being considered, and work on one of them will be under way this Fall." "But what about irrigation?" you inquire. "I'm coming to that," answers Mr. Bruce. "Four miles of ditch are nearly grees the irrigation system will be extended. Already one of the most beautiful sections of British Columbia, this valley is destined to become one of the most productive. It offers great opportunities to men of industry and intelligence who come in before the advent of the railroad which will bring a rush of settlers. The Columbia is the last of the fertile valleys in Southern British Columbia which a man can still enter much as he might have done twenty-five years ago as a pioneer." The statement of Mr. Bruce as to railroad construction, the experimental farm, and the irrigation project, have been confirmed in other authoritative quarlcrs. A big development is assured for the Columbia Valley. It has the latch string out. The settler can still get in on the ground floor, so to speak. Its opportunities are made the greater by the fact that it is not yet widely known. "I am surprised," said Earl Grey to a rancher during a recent visit to the valley, "that you have been able to keep the beauty and promise here so great a secret." 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 Giant Strides of Young Vancouver Hard Faqts Tell a Story of Wonderful City and Provincial Progress The story of Vancouver's wonderful development is reflected in the annual report, just issued, of the Board of Trade. The facts and statistics may seem somewhat dry, but when you remember that behind them is a vast amount of ambition and endeavor, you may feel their dramatic significance as sign-posts in the progress of individuals and of a great city. Here are some of the things the president said in his annual address: "The year 1909 will be remembered as the great turning point in the history of the city; as the year in which the port and city of Vancouver, on account of their phenomenal growth and activity, gained universal recognition. The city has advanced from one of progress and youthful promise to a city certain of becoming one of the greatest commercial highways and coast cities on the American continent. This widely recognized fact, combined with the enterprising and progressive spirit of the West, and the general prosperity of the Province, has been a stimulus to trade, and has created a still more active dealing in the quickly advanced values of real estate, attracting in vestors, and resulting by an increase of capital and by a liberal spending of gains in a much greater volume of profitable business being done in every branch of trade. "The outlook is brighter than ever for manufactories in this city, and for extending the commerce of the coast to interior and prairie points. The changed conditions in favor of both of these are the greatly increased facilities for getting merchandise and raw materials by water to our city at very favorable rates. "Regarding the harbor, it is gratifying to note the great increase in shipping entering and leaving this port. As instances of this, the China Mutual Line brought 42,591 tons, as compared with 33,328 tons in 1908, and took out 16,368 tons, as against 10,868 tons in 1908, a total increase of nearly 50 per cent. The Canadian Mexican Line, in exports and imports chiefly from England, handled 25,600 tons in ten months. Our magnificent natural harbor is known as one of the cheapest in the world for shipping to enter. Regarding the export of grain, there have teen shipped to Mexico 200,000 bushels, and to Europe about 60,000 bushels. Arrangements for the erection of an elevator with independent water-frontage, are so far advanced as to warrant the expectancy that they will be able to handle this year's crop when it is ready for shipment. "Regarding the industries of the Province, mining in 1909, notwithstanding strikes, want of coke, and legal and financial difficulties, resulted in a production of $24,040,000, or about $200,000 in excess of 1908. There was a considerable reduction in the market value of copper produced, which was more than made up in coal and zinc. The lumber produced in 1909 is estimated at 12 million dollars, which is equal to the best year in the history of the industry, and the outlook for 1910 is so bright that a considerable increase may be anticipated in all its many branches, whose direct influence on the prosperity of the province is very far- reaching. As to fisheries, the total production is estimated as likely to exceed that of last year; for Fraser River salmon 1909 was a 'big run' year, but Canadian fishermen had to contend not only with A BIT OF VANCOUVER AND HER HARBOUR Page 18 adverse weather and disappointing conditions, but the regulations and a closed period of 42 hours, which were observed —as against regulations and a closed period of 36 hours on the U. S. side on Pu- get Sound, which were not observed. The pack was 567,203 cases. The total British Columbia salmon pack was 967,920 cases. "Great headway has been made in new plantings of fruit, and the future prospects of this growing industry are most promising. The Canadian National Apple Show in Vancouver this fall is deserving of every encouragement, in the interest alike of the city, the Province and the industry itself. Tobacco is now being grown with good results in the Okanagan. OPPORTUNITIES while the Province, and Vancouver in particular, is enjoying a time of progress and prosperity, there is evidence in our contentment of neglecting to give due importance to that which is the foundation of prosperity—agriculture. "Vancouver has shown a very marked increase in the volume of shipping using her wharves during the past official year, the total registered tonnage having been 6,456,838, as against 3,837,131 for 1908-9. The wharfage area has been greatly added to, and the foreshore is being rapidly acquired to the full extent of the harbor proper in Burrard Inlet and is held at greatly augmented values. Some marked shipping features have been in evidence, 1910 for itself, of course, in the story of Vancouver's strides ahead. The city is now fourth among those of Canada, being numerous millions ahead of all but Montreal, Toronto, and Winnipeg. The post office revenues of Vancouver for this year have shown an increase of 25 per cent, over 1909. The customs returns for the year were only a little less than, four mollion dollars, and were nearly a million dollars more than in the year before. The number of sea-going vessels sailing in and out of the port of Vancouver during the year was over 16,000. The exports from the port to the United States amounted in money value to over three and a half millions. is Jfi yr ^'.^Wii _H______9® •_&£ ?I1_§SI1 !^J^%\ ■ _H_ lift! fill LOADING GRAIN AT VANCOUVER "**m*k. "The great developments of manufacturing industries in the Province, roughly estimated by the Provincial Government at a production of 30 millions, is the most important factor in the year's prosperity. New provincial industrial companies were chartered during the year, with authorized capital aggregating 48 millions, not including extra provincial companies, and after making a liberal allowance for unlikely schemes, this shows an active interest in industrials. Since last year the imports of agricultural produce have increased from 7 to 11 millions. "As a Province, we are chiefly dependent ' on three great natural industries; lumbering, mining and fisheries: and namely: the demand for grain in Mexico, the growing importance of the Tehuante- pec route for European freight, the activity in construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, the building of the city of Prince Rupert, the awakening development of the Queen Charlotte Islands, and the mining activity on Portland Canal at Stewart and elsewhere." The total value of all British Columbia fisheries for the official year was $6,465,- 038, 'an increase over the previous year of $342,116. The Vancouver bank clearings for the twelve months ending March, 1910, were $327,835,557, or nearly 237 millions more than they were the year before. This remarkable advance speaks loudly In the city of Vancouver the- marked progress of the previous year has continued without interruption and in increasing ratio. The transference of real estate has been very extensive and values have been much enhanced, sales on Hastings and Granville streets having been made at from $2,500 to $4,000 per front foot, while the opening up of new suburbs at Shaugh- nessy Heights and Point Grey to the south and west, and of Hastings townsite on the east, along with considerable activity in North Vancouver, have attracted much outside capital and have raised the daily clearing house returns to over $1,- 000,000.00. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 The fire brigade is admittedly one of the finest motor brigades on the American continent. Building has been, and is very active. Several modern office blocks are now under way, and apartment blocks rendered necessary by the demand for household accommodation, are becoming quite a feature between Granville street and Stanley Park. Reinforced concrete is the popular material in use, with facing of stone, or of brick with stone sills. Railway activity has assumed more definite shape and much work has been planned covering the next three or four years, the competition for traffic through the port of Vancouver when the Panama Canal is completed being prospectively very great. Other factors to be considered are the awakening in China, and the more active development of this Province as well as the neighboring Province of Alberta. By the addition of "The Traders Bank of Canada," the list of Eastern banks has been raised to 14, while the newly incorporated Bank of Vancouver was opened in July. The lumber and shingle mills on the coast have been considerably increased both in number and capacity. A large number of new companies, covering a wide range of enterprise, have been incorporated during the year, while as entirely new industries now in operation, may be mentioned: The Canadian Pacific Sulphide Pulp Co., Ltd.; the B. C. Wood Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.; the B. C. (Oil) Refining Co., Ltd., and the Paterson Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (makers of roofing felt, etc.). Active enquiries are now being made with a view to the establishment of the iron smelting and steel industries, than which nothing would give so much impetus to manufacturing generally in this city and throughout the entire lower mainland district. The real estate valuation at the close of 1909 was: Real property, $76,927,- 720.00; improvements, $29,644,755.00; total, $106,572,475.00. From 1895 to 1905 improvements have been taxed at 50 per cent, of value; 1906-1909, at 25 per cent., and for 1910 will be exempt. The tax rate for 1909 was 2 per cent. The gross tax levy was $1,258,769. One of the strongest evidences of the notable growth of Vancouver may be found in the showing of the British Columbia Electric Railway Company, which carried over thirty-three million passengers during the year as against about twenty-five millions for the previous year. The company increased its trackage by twenty miles, now having 117 miles in operation. Summing up in a word, it may be said that British Columbia and Vancouver have not been surpassed in substantial progress during the period under consideration by any section of the world. A Glance at Mining Progress As Shown by the Month's Developments at the Mines and Prospects ORE DOCKS ON KOOTENAY LAKE (Courtesy of the Kootenay Silver-Lead Mines, Limited) Great activity has marked the mining port has been denied, the public con- industry. Several important strikes tinues to show great interest in this rich have been reported, and deals have been section, which has seen a more extensive consummated which mean new capital and mining development than any other in a fresh impetus to British Columbia min* British Columbia. Sheep Creek camp is ing. The outlook is extremely promising a center of activity. for a greater production than ever before. The production of tne mines Gf Sheep Creek in ten years, including 1909, has SHEEP CREEK PRODUCTION. been: mi. t_ _. « v'l Tons Total The report that Robert Guggenheim, one of tne brothers who control the smel- Mines Mined Value ter industry in the United States, has Yellowstone 16,987 $124,331 taken a four months' option on the Queen 51,543 522,348 Nugget gold mine, near Nelson, on a Kootenay Belle 5,106 100,015 basis of .$350 a share for 285,000 shares of Mother Lode 616 46,683 the company's stock, has attracted fresh Nugget 6,723 161,907 attention to the Nelson mining division in the Kootenay district. Though the re- Total 80,975 $985,284 This gives a general average value of $12.17 per ton for the ten years, covered by the foregoing statistics. The average value per ton of the product of the several mines respectively is as follows: Yellowstone, $7.32; Queen, $10.72; Kootenay Belle, $19.59; Mother Lode, $75.78; Nugget, $24.08. Progress in 1910 has been more marked than in any other previous year. While production of ore, and consequently of gold, is not likely to show a large increase over that of 1909, there not having been made any considerable addition to stamp milling facilities, development work has been more extensive and prospecting has covered a much wider area. The outlook, therefore, is distinctly encouraging, and still more important developments and a materially augmented production is confidently expected to take place next year. SMELTER OUTPUT. During the year ended June 30, the total out put of the Trail smelter of the Consolidated Mining & Smelting Company of Canada was $5,911,767. This is an increase of $400,000 over the figures of the year 1908-9. As the Trail smelter^ handles nearly all the custom ore of the Kootenay and Boundary districts there is no institution in industrial British Columbia more closely in touch with the Kootenay mining industry, or one more vital to the interior's prosperity. The growth in output indicates a correspond- Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 ing expansion in mining activity. In that activity the Consolidated has itself borne the leading part, having added to its list of great mines during the year the Sullivan, the Queen Victoria and the Molly Gibson, the two former of which are now leading shippers. REPORT ON PORTLAND CANAL. R. W. Brock, director of the geological survey of the Ottawa Government, writes in part as follows of his visit in July to the Portland Canal district: "Portland Canal forms part of the boundary between British Columbia and Alaska. Its length is a little less than 60 miles. At the head of Portland Canal on a flat at the mouth of Bear river, the new mining camp of Stewart is being established. The claims are situated on Bear river and its tributaries, commencing about four miles up from tidewater at Stewart. The country is of the character which has become recognized as typical of south-eastern Alaska. The valley occupied by Portland canal and Bear river is about a mile wide, flanked on either side by somewhat precipitous mountains rising to a height of about 5,000 feet, with an occasional peak 1,000 or 2,000 feet higher. The canal is navigable to its head for boats of deep draught. ' The camp lies in a metamorphic zone along what is probably the eastern limit of the Coast Range granite. The granite forms a long and relatively narrow belt along and near the coast, extending from the Fraser river to the White river basin in the Yukon, a distance of 1,100 miles. Its width is from 30 to 60 miles. Two classes of ore were exhibited at Stewart; quartzose ore, carrying silver, gold and lead values, and a pyritic copper gold ore. The persistence of the veins is noted by all, a succession of claims being located on what is said to be the same vein traceable throughout. The quartzose ore contains galena, sometimes blende, and silver minerals such as •argentite, and native silver. The Portland Canal Mining Company on Glacier Creek, operating on a vein carrying gold-silver-lead values has done the greatest amount of work. This is the first company to put in an aerial tram and concentrator. The latter will have a capacity of 50 tons per day. NEW MINING TOWN. A new mining town, to be known as Wednesbury, is to be established in the Comox district of Vancouver island. The town will be built in connection with the development work which the Canadian Colleries company, which recently took over the holdings of the Hon. James Duns. muir, and is operating diamond drills in a number of places with a view to locating the best points for sinking new pits. With the growth of the operations of the island colliery plant a large number of additional expert coal miners will be needed, and to procure these the management has entered into negotiations with the Imperial Federation League, of which Mr. Graham Forester of Victoria is the British Columbia commissioner. The league will bring out miners from the old country, who will supply the needs which an enlarged scope of mineral labor demands. station has been cut and drifting started on the ore bodies north and south. This station is cut in ore of the best grade of a width of over 10 feet, assaying on an average 5 per cent, copper and $4 to $6 gold. Reports from Hudson Bay Junction state the town is greatly excited over a rich discovery of gold thirty miles north of that place. Practically every male inhabitant has gone to stake a claim. ENTRANCE TO MINE TUNNEL (Courtesy of the Kootenay Silver-Lead Mines, Limited) WEALTH IN PEACE RIVER COAL. The great resource of the British Columbia Peace River country is its coal. Southward from the Peace and between the 122nd and 123rd degrees of longitude it is to all appearances coal country everywhere. The outcrop is bituminous, of the highest quality (for surface coal) and of excellent cooking qualities. The field will probably rival that of the Crow's Nest Pass when the country obtains facilities for railway transport. The proximity of the coal measures of the Peace River Valley to the richly mineralized adjacent district of the Omineca has also to be taken into consideration in approxi. mating the natural future of both districts, for as the Omineca mines are opened up, coal will here be readily available for the economical operation of smelters. The distance of Fort George may be placed approximately as 150 miles from the coal fields; and the coal bearing territory has many small patches of agricultural land, which, judiciously utilized, would produce sufficient vegetables and all similar products to satisfy local requirements as the country develops. An exceptionally rich gold strike has been made on the property of the Portland—Bear River Mining company located 12 miles up Bear river. The white quartz exhibited comes from a well defined vein measuring from one to three feet in width, liberally sprinkled with the yellow metal. Assays gave returns of $21, $112, $164 and over $600 in gold. The new fifteen stamp mill which has been in course of construction at Long- lake in connection with the Jewel mine, is now completed. The mill has been constructed for the purpose of testing a slimes-treating process of separating gold from tailings. The new process, which was invented by H. Nichols, manager of the Ymir mine, and is being promoted by the Slimes Treating company, promises to revolutionize present methods obtaining in the handling of similar ores. Karl Brell M. E. of New York, has been engaged in making an examination of the properties of the Fife Mines, at Fife. He has expressed great satisfaction with conditions there and recommends a very very greatly increased plan of operations. The force will soon be largely augmented and more machinery added. The winze in main tunnel is now 235 feet deep and a An important strike has been reported on the Free Silver property, in the Ymir camp. Samples of the ore are said to carry the highest lead values of any ore ever found in that camp, being especially heavy in galena. The property is about two miles from the town of Ymir. A company known as Bitter Creek Prospectors, Limited, has been registered in London with a capital of £52 500 in 200,- 000 ordinary shares of five shillings each and 50,000 deferred shares of one shilling each, to carry on the business of prospecting, exploring, mining, etc. 1910 OP PORTUNITIES Page 21 Record Timber Yield Figures compiled by the Supervisor of Scoles, Robert Hamilton, show that the logging camps tributary to Vancouver are this year turning out more raw material than ever before. The record for July ran up to 56,000,000 feet as against 42,680,000 feet for July, 1909, and the official compilations show that the cut of logs for June was 70,000,000 feet and for May 69,000,000, making the past three months a banner quarter. This record is approximately double that for the.same three months last year. One of the largest transactions yet completed in this country has been at any price. I remember counting 22 working sawmills not long ago on a little trip on a railroad for which the ticket cost me only 35 cents. It can't last long at that rate. For quantity, quality and availability we have here the best timber field on the continent. Old Country capitalists are becoming more interested in British Columbia timber. The demand is for spruce, although fir and cedar are also wanted. New York is also interested and an agent was here looking over the timber propositions for a paper-making syndicate. Fifty per cent, of the wood required is spruce. there are nearly as many cohoes being taken as sockeyes. At Rivers Inlet the fishing is nearly over for the year. The catch there has been very large, the seven canneries averaging about 20,000 cases each, or a total pack for the inlet of 140,000 cases. This is a much larger catch than usual, 12,000 cases being generally considered a paying catch. At the other northern canneries the catch has been equally good, and on the Fraser the fish are still running well. In Alaska the catch has been large at Cooke Inlet, but on Bristol Bay it has fallen below the average. Findlay, Durham & Brodie report that they have had a good season with the spring salmon. While the Todd canneries get most of the sockeyes, the _____«%_.. closed in the purchase by an English company of the mills and limits of the Mundy Lumber Company of Three Valley, B. C, and of a number of other properties. The deal will involve several millions of dollars by the time its various branches have been consummated. "They can't make any mistake in buying this British Columbia timber land, providing it is accessable," says Archibald Gilchrist, well known as an authority on timber land values. "They've got to come to British Columbia for their timber in five or ten years. I have been all over the southern states, eastern states and provinces and the Northwest. There is only one tract of considerable size in the south to-day and the Grand Rapids man who owns it will not sell any part of it SOME BRITISH COLUMBIA LOGS THE FISHING SEASON. Now that the sockeye salmon season is drawing to a close, it is possible to review the situation. Already the fish have nearly stopped entering the traps on the Vancouver Island side of the straits. There has been a large catch there this year, but this catch has been confined to one or two of the traps, the others getting very few. The catch from the four Todd traps alone this year has been larger than from 22 traps which were operated there four years ago, and most of these have been taken from one trap. It is not expected that many more sockeyes will come up the straits, but there will be the cohoes later; already other traps get most of the spring salmon. The sockeyes are canned, but the spring salmon are salted and exported to Europe in immense tierces, weighing nearly half a ton each when full. During the seven expired months of the current year, to August 1st, the mines of the Boundary district shipped an aggregate of approximately 1,020,000 tons of ore. Of this total, Granby Company's mines produced more than seventy per cent, and the British Columbia Copper Company's mines nearly twenty per cent. Of the remaining ten per cent., practi-' cally all was shipped from the Consolidated Mining & Smelting Company's Snowshoe mine. Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender Street, W. Phone 6926 Vancouver, B. C. SUBSCRIPTION, $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. FRASER S. KEITH, Publisher and Proprietor HEDLEY ROGERS, Advertising Manage HERBERT WELCH, Editor OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. Vol. 2. SEPTEMBER, 1910. No. 3. The Influx of Capital. When one considers the elusiveness and coyness _.nd timidity of capital, and then remembers that capital in constantly increasing \ Glume is moving confidently and even eagerly toward this Province, no doubt is left as to the solidity of the foundation of British Columbia's prosperity, liailroad directors are expert judges of the extent of a region's resources. They do not spend many millions in constructing new lines unless they are certain that these lines will tap a country which will be productive far into the future. Several railroad companies, as it is well known, are pushing new trails of steel toward British Columbia and Vancouver. Big mining capitalists examine with extreme care the question of the permanency of ore deposits before they invest their money. Within a few months they have shown a greater activity than ever before in acquiring British Columbia mineral land. Timber kings are interested only in forests in which there are large reserve supplies of lumber. Among these magnates the timber lands of British Columbia are in great demand. Builders do not construct costly structures unless they are sure of a community's continuing growth. Building permits in Vancouver foi the eight months of this year show a total of $8,- 259,045, as against $4,883,312 for the same period last year. Old World capitalists, who always scrutinize propositions from the vantage-ground of long experi ence and conservatism, entertain only those which give high promise of bringing enduring returns. English and French capitalists are preparing to invest more heavily than ever before in British Columbia. One oi; them, Mr. J. Norton Griffiths, member of parliament, captain of industry, and representative of a syndicate of English money lords, said recently in Vancouver; ' 'My investigations in British Columbia have convinced me that this will become the richest province in the Dominion." Mr. Griffiths and his friends propose t<s back up their opinion of British Columbia with millions of dollars. They and many others see here one of the last big opportunities on this continent to reap the great rewards which result from the development of rich .irgin resources. Value of a Fresh Start. A good many men who cast their fortunes with a new country are handicapped by their own feeling of past defeat. They lack confidence in themselves. The fact that they have not been successful elsewhere has a tendency to make them dubious of their ability to succeed in the new environment. This questioning attitude should be swept from the mind. It is mere litter. Failure is often the ladder to a firmer and more enduring success than could have been secured without it. Many a man who has gone down in disaster in one community has risen high in another. A young man of our acquaintance came from the East to a western city. He had a wife and two children. On the day of his arrival, after all expenses incidental to his journey had been paid, he took stock of his capital and found that it consisted of twenty cents. But within himself he had a big asset—a determination to succeed. He installed his family in a good hotel, and began to get in touch with the business people of the city. He was a stenographer, and found a position in a real estate office. He might have remained a stenographer had it not been for the spur of the needs of his wife and children. As it was, he worked to the utmost of his capacity in the office. He did more than this. Out of office hours he revolved constantly in his mind ways in which he could be more useful. He made a close study of real estate development in the growing city of his adoption. In six months he had become the private secretary of his employer. In two years he established an office of his own. In five years more he had increased his original capital of twenty cents to about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Another young man who was trying to practice law in Buffalo, New York, wrote home to his father that there had been a remarkable event in his life that day. He had made three dollars. After a while he pulled up stakes and migrated to the West. He gained and held the confidence of the leading men of the new and rapidly developing section, and now has at least a million dollars with which to keep the wolf from the door. Still another young man, now in Vancouver, mentioned the other day a certain city in the East. 'T used to live in that town," he said, ''and I'm thankful to its people, because they starved me out. I came here, where opportunity is a goddess with a thousand extended hands. I grasped one of them, and have been lifted up to independence.'' 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 Getting in on the Ground Floor. We all appreciate the advantages of a ground floor position in any business, but the majority of us, unfortunately, find the ground floor fully occupied. This may be our own fault. Our mental boilers may lack sufficient steam to drive us through the crowd of hopeful ones who are always hanging around the doors of the ground floor. We may be too easily side-tracked. We may be too richly endowed with that philosophical spirit which weakens the legs of action. We may be too easily lured by the soft smiles of the goddess of pleasure. On the other hand, we may have plenty of steam, determination, and ambition, and still find ourselves pigeon-holed in a job a considerable distance from a ground floor location. In this case the fault is not so much with us as with our environment. In all probability we are in a business of a community which is not expanding. This means, of course, a dim prospect for our own advancement. The situation is one which confronts a multitude of ambitious men in the New and Old Worlds. The problem is to break through conditions which have become ossified by custom and tradition. The solution of this problem lies in seeking out a community which is animated by the spirit of youth, which is moving forward instead of backward. That British Columbia is such a section there is not, of course, the slightest question. Its development has been, is, and will be, almost unprecedented in rapidity and stability. Its business is continually expanding. The man of energy who gets in now is fortunate. He is in the midst of the opportunities of a lifetime—opportunities for the man with a little or no capital as well as for him with much. The demand is for earnestness, concentration, hard work. Supply these, and you wili win. We want to help you. We like to be useful on general principles, and we know that our own prosperity will increase in direct ratio to the increase in the number of successful people in British Columbia. It is our business to point out opportunities, and yours to make the most of them. Let's work together. Settlers from Across the Line. The efforts to start an anti-Canadian campaign in the United States were to be expected, in view of the fact that during the last fiscal year the Dominion, particularly Western Canada, attracted across the border for permanent settlement over one hundred thousand Americans. The greater part of these are successful farmers, who, with sons growing up, want larger farms. They sell their holdings in the United States, and, in Canada, buy bigger acreages. They are a most desirable class of citizens, workers who produce the staples which are the foundation of prosperity. Many of them are coming to British Columbia, where they find the latch-string always out. The Province likes them, and they like it. The talk that they don't care for the form of government is mere buncombe. They find the government so unobtrusive, when no liberties with the laws are taken, that they hardly realize the existence of a government. Moreover, they are not greeted each morning by staring newspaper headlines telling of fresh instances of political graft and malfeasance in office. Nor do they find business momentum upset by the activities of legislatures and threatened changes of administration. An American in Vancouver said the other day that, compared with the political nervousness of the Republic, he found the government here a rest cure, and was duly grateful. A Message from Lord Strathcona. It has been seventy years since Lord Strathcona, then a youth of twenty, whose name was plain Donald Smith, first identified himself with Canada. He has been vitally interested in the Dominion ever since. Because he knows it better, perhaps, than any other man, what he says about it has much weight. "If I were to have a word with any one who is going to Canada," he recently remarked, "this would be my message: ' You are going to a land of splendid possibilities, where you will find many to welcome you. Only one thing is necessary to assure your success. This is the ability and determination to work. You must work strenuously, steadfastly, and as long as is necessary. The man who works in Canada cannot fail.' " Keep Your Dollars At Home. If you spend a dollar in your own town, part of it, assuming that you are engaged in business, finds a path back to your individual coffers. If you send a dollar to other sections all of it is apt to stay there. You have depleted to that extent your community's working capital. A stream of money flows daily from British Columbia into the United States. This, of course, has a weakening effect upon local finance and commerce. The outgo means less capital here for business. Each of us whose fortunes depend upon those of British Columbia, owes it to himself to exert an influence toward keeping more of this money where it will stimulate our own industries. If you are making a purchase and there is little choice between the goods or articles, let your decision be in favor of the product which is adding to the home wealth, rather than to that of manufacturers at a distance. You may regard as unimportant your own influence in this matter of buying, feeling that you are only an individual among many thousands, but you can help. There are great manufacturing possibilities in British Columbia, and development means, of course, bigger and richer cities, more opportunities and more money for all who are industrious. Keep this in mind. Lend what aid you can to the progress of your own community. Page 24 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Industrial Progress in British Columbia HIGH LEVEL STEEL BRIDGE, VANCOUVER Within a short time the B. C. Electric Railway Company will undertake the extension of its lines to the Saanich peninsula. Great activity is being displayed by agents of the company in the district in explaining to the various property owners who will be asked for right-of-way the benefits which will follow from the inauguration of the system. Two routes for this new electric railroad are now before the people and the company. The work of installing the power plant at Jordan river is advancing at a pace beyond the expectations of the company. It had been calculated that the plant could be ready for operation at the first of next year, but if the present rate of progress is maintained it is probable that the company will be able to supply power from Jordan river at a date before Christmas—hence the desire of the company to get its trackage completed in the Saanich peninsula this fall. Since the disastrous fire in 1908 in Fernie, 70 fireproof buildings at an average cost of $18,000 have been erected, as well as 900 dwellings. Besides the fireproof business buildings, frame busi ness houses to the value of $150,000 have been erected. The most up-to-date water and electric light systems have been installed; a school costing $50,000 and a $15,000 fire hall have been completed and also a city hall costing over $15,000. New side walks have been built in every part of the town, roads graded and a storm sewer system is now being rushed to completion. The fire department has been thoroughly reorganized with a paid department supplied with every equipment necessary to place it on the most efficient basis. The Canadian Bank of Commerce was the first to recognize the importance of the branch system in Victoria and accordingly secured temporary quarters in Douglas street, where a general banking business has been conducted for two months. The bank has in view the construction of large, handsome quarters. A company has been formed to manufacture Portland cement in the suburbs of Princeton. The proposed works will involve an outlay of $250,000. It is understood a sawmill will be put into commission to supply the lumber for erective purposes and mining. It is stated that the initial plant to be erected will have a capacity of 1,000 barrels of cement per day, to be doubled as the market demands. A spur will be built from the main line of the Great Northern to the works, about a mile and a half. The first water service in the municipality of Burnaby has been turned on. The -supply is calculated to provide 45,000 gallons of water daily. The municipality has another machine drilling at Central Park for an artesian well there, and is contemplating putting a further one to work drilling a well in ward three, at C'iff's cannery, for the supply of the south-eastern part of the municipality. Active work is under way toward the establishment of a beet sugar factory in the Fraser Valley. The movement has been inaugurated by a number of prominent residents of the valley and Vancouver. The company will have a capital of $300,000 to commence with, and is now in course of incorporation. It is to be known as the Fraser Valley Sugar Works, Limited, and an excellent site with water- frontage has been .Secured. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 r *\ The Vancouver Trust Co. Limited 614 Pender Street West, Vancouver, B. C. Kamloops, B. C.—Kamloops-Vancouver Trust Co., Ltd. Insurance Trnigga^gn: uuuuuug =E? V/WOVtR-TRUST- C^PA/IY- D0ILDI/1G- VA/1C?U-_R KvJJIv Ms TRUST I Cqapahy ae _= 1 :_£ r Li Insurance 4% PAID ON DEPOSITS A General Trust Business Transacted H. L. JENKINS, President J. N. HENDERSON, Vice-President D. von CRAMER, Managing /Director v THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 The British Columbia Telephone Company has been putting through two new 'lines from Vancouver to Mission City, and the linemen have arrived at Mission. The Mission exchange will now have a fifty-line rack instead of the twenty now in use. The Mission City Telephone Company is extending its system over Matsqur Prairie. The line has been completed as far as Clay burn and several new telephones are already installed. The Maple Leaf Milling Company, capitalized for $5,000,000 and one of the largest milling concerns in Canada, is going to invade the British Columbia market, according to announcement made by Hedley Shaw, head of the company. "I am looking over the ground with the intention of appointing agents and establishing warehouses at the principal distributing points in the province," said Mr. Shaw. "As the largest distributing trade center of British Columbia, Vancouver will undoubtedly have possibly the greatest claim on our attention. As yet I have done nothing in Vancouver, nor have I completed arrangements for the establishment of warehouses at other points of the province. It is our intention to utilize the depots to be established in British Columbia purely for the supplying of the local market, the company not having any idea of going into the export trade, not at the present time, at any rate." The Maple Leaf Milling Company owns a large number of elevators in Saskatchewan and Manitoba and has mills at Brandon, Winnipeg, Kenora, Thorold and St. Catherine's, and is building at Port Colborne, Ontario, the largest flour mill in Canada. At a meeting last month in Victoria, an association to be known as the B. C. Florists' and Nurserymen's Association was formed to further the interests of the florists and the general public of the province. The Victoria branch is to be known as the Vancouver Island and Nurserymen's Association. At the meeting of the local branch, which was held prior to that of the parent organization, A. J. Woodward, of Victoria, was elected president of the two divisions oi the association, with H. Callow as secretary. H. Tidy, of New Westminster is secretary of the Mainland branch. The formation of this organization is an entirely new movement in this province. British Columbia being the last to form an association of this kind. this kind yet ordered on the island, at the Portage Inlet ranch, Burnside road. A. H. Pease, proprietor of the ranch, has placed an order for the incubator. The adaptability of the country surrounding Victoria to the poultry industry has been widely recognized during the last few years, and especially since the broadcast circulation of a pamphlet dealing with this business by the Vancouver Island Development League, which is receiving an increasing number of inquiries in this connection. An illustration of the success which is being attained by modern methods in the poultry business on Vancouver Island is found in the impending installation of a 15,000-egg incubator, the largest plant of BIC FISHING COMBINE. The present profits and the promise of the British Columbia fishing industry are fully appreciated by two of Canada's ablest financiers. Messrs. Mackenzie & Mann have taken an option on the entire holdings of the Pacific Whaling Company on this coast. The option has four months to run. It is understood that the holdings of the Pacific Whaling Company are valued at $1,000,000. Plans are already well under way for the formation of a new company, and arrangements are now being made for the extension of the enterprise so that it will include both halibut and shark fisheries. The latter industry will be the first of its kind ever started in the New World. With the realization of the project now under way, Vancouver Island will have one of the largest and most important fishing organizations in the world. The proposed new 'corporation will also engage in a general fisheries business. Cold storage plants for the handling of all kinds of edible fish, especially halibut, wiU be erected at Rose Harbor, Queen Charlotte Islands and at Sechart and Kyuquot on Vancouver Island. The promoters propose to ship fresh fish from Vancouver to the prairie and Eastern markets. In connection with whaling operations the company proposes operating an immense soap factory, so that the oil, instead of being shipped away to Glasgow will be utilized in the province. As soon as the properties and charters have all been secured, stock in the big corporation will be placed on the market, and the public will be given an opportunity of taking shares in it. It is expected that by operating in a large way the trust will be able to secure much better markets and to work much more economically than a number of smaller firms could possibly do. It will have agents in all the principal markets, at Billingsgate and other parts of the world, and will practically control the market for the fish which this coast supplies. MILLIONS FOR B. C. INVESTMENT. Millions of dollars are likely to be invested in Western Canada, including British Columbia, as a result of the tour now being made by the Earl of Dunmore, Norton Griffiths. M. P., and Harry Brit- tain. Mr. Griffiths has already purchased about 140,000 acres in the prairie provinces. Ten or twelve thousand acres of fruit lands in Okanagan valley have also been acquired by members of the party. "This is only the beginning," said Mr. Griffiths. "We intend to have a look through various districts of this province. It is probable that we will ascend the Skeena river and go through to Fort George, and thence south to the mam line of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Quite separate from any investments which 1 may make with my fellow travelers, I have at heart a personal project lor bringing out at least 1,200 families from my own constituency of Wednes- bury. For various reasons I prefer British Columbia to the prairie regions as a field for the activities of the people I shall send out. Here I propose locating three centres of colonization, to be named Wednesbury, Tipton and Darlaston, alter places in my constituency. My ultimate object is to produce results which will stimulate members of parliament and mayors of cities to start similar movements. In that way I think I can do the empire a greater service than by simply talking. Of course I shall expect the co-operation of your government. In every instance the families sent out will be selected very carefully. They will largely belong to the type of farm laborers, but artisans and coal miners will be included. The Douglas Lake Cattle company's ranch is one of the largest in the province. That French money is as ready for investment in Western Canada as the English capitalists', is the statement of A. O. P. Francis, consul for France at Victoria. Mr. Francis was instrumental in the organization of a strong syndicate of French capitalists which has, to the present time, invested $1,500,000 in Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia. He states that their investments are turning out exceedingly well, and that if the returns for the present year are as great as in the past—and there is every indication that they will be—there will be practically unlimited French capital for investment in Canada next year. Mr. Francis stated that they are but the forerunners of dozens of European money lords who are looking to Canada as the best field for investment offered in the world to-day. He predicts that the flow of capital from the money centers of the Old World will be greater in the next few years than ever in the past. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 27 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»»♦♦♦♦♦» ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦<»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ »♦♦»»♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ \ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ TRUNKS, BAGS, SUITCASES, LADIES' SHOPPING BAGS,etc. QUR hand made SUITCASES have no equal in Quality or Price. We pay special attention to catches, frames and skins in Shopping Bags as well as style. When YOU want something in LEATHER GOODS, go to an EXCLUSIVE Leather Store, and come to US, for we purpose to please and save you money. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ■*_f Tfye First Store of its kind in 'Vancouvez X> ■»%> cAround the Corner on Hastings Street, Opposite Post Office ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦ .*-.._.._<._.._.. .._.._.............._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._....._ CASCADE HI without a Peez <$*•• _._..__._.. ._.._....._.._. .._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.. '^_t»~«"«..«~«_l«-^..«-^~»~«^«_.«..»..>~«~»~>..»_.«_.«_.«~»..»"«ll_l.».._.._.l«..«~»-^.._M«.._..»..«..-..>'.-">.l_.l_.._ll»"-"-"-"».»l» IS SCOTCH BAGPIPE ONLY A DUDEL SACK? Jury at Milwaukee, Wis., So Decides and Highlanders Take Exception. Scotch ire is rising. "The Cock o' the North" resounds from the bagpipes, the beacon fires burn, and from clansman to clansman flies the blood-besmeared talisman of strife. Onto the Lowlands will pour the Scotch hordes, but it is not hapless North England this time, but the land of the Teuton, perhaps the home of the Yankee, which two countries have been responsible for an insult to the ancient war musical instrument of the hardy race, says the Portland Telegram. An American jury at Milwaukee, Wis., has declared that the Scottish bagpipe is not a musical instrument, and that its proper name is the "Dudel-Sack." The case arose in this way. An enthusiastic Scot was favoring the Milwaukee citizens with a performance on the national instrument, when an American horse on hearing the .round of the pipes, straightway reared up, fell down and died. The owner sued the performer for the price of the unmusical beast. The defence was: "The horse was guilty of contributory negligence in permitting its nerves to go off at a tangent at a musical sound." The horse owner denied that the bagpipe was capable of producing music, and the jury actually sustained him. But worst of all, the jury, which contained several Germans, insisted upon calling the bagpipe a "dudel-sack." Scotsmen have heard many opprobrious epithets hurled at the great Highland bagpipe, but never before was it called a "dudel-sack." This demanded a protest, and the protest came. From all parts of the United States indignant dis sents from the findings of the Milwaukee jury have come from insulted Scots. Other nationalities have replied, and the controversy has waxed so warm that the Monroe doctrine is simply nowhere. One authority declares that the mere fact that Scotsmen use the word "music" in regard to the sounds emitted by the "dudel-sack-' simply proves that they have no intelligent conception of what music is. The sounds of the "dudel-sack" are .merely "stridulous cacophony" and a mediaeval instrument of torture. Patriotic Highlanders point to the many glorious victories achieved to the strains of the pipes, and are met with the retort that the enemy had only two courses open— either to flee or remain and lose all desire for life. The "dudel-sack," they say, rouses barbarians to frenzy, and fills them with a burning desire for universal murder. Then, again, when confronted with its capabilities for social enjoyment and dancing purposes, the insulting Yankee admits the bagpipe will make a Highlander dance, but so will a redhot stove if he sits on it in his national costume. One good purpose is admitted to have been served once—it made the English run at Bannockburn; but as one gentleman says, that is not to be wondered at, as it is "a h—1 of a noise." Such are the Insults hurled at the Scottish national music, and though Venezuela and Cleveland's threats may in time be forgotten, the "dudel-sack" incident will rankle in the brains of all patriotic Scots for ages to come. ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦<*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ The Wall Street Journal says that witn an influential if not dominant voice in Rock Island, Harriman interests now control railroad properties with a combined income from operation and investments of approximately $145,000,000. ♦ ♦ ♦ The" Red Cross" Sanitary Closets are Strongly Commended by Physicians ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ are Highly Recommended by Fire Chiefs ▲ I i ♦ ♦ ♦ The Ajax" Chemical Fire Engine ♦ The I Simplex" Fire Escape ♦ Our Aluminum Advertising Novelties are Greatly Appreciated by Live Advertisers WE ARE SOLE AGENTS | R. HARRIS AND COMPANY ♦ ^ Telephone 656 - • Hall and Lavery Block X NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. ♦ ♦ ♦*♦♦♦♦*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ _. .t.._....._...-._.-_.._.-_.._ T. HARRISON W. AKENHEAD Daily Stage to Cowichan Lake LIVERY MODERATE RATES Corner GOVERNMENT and STATION STREETS Phone 12 DUNCAN, B. C. ■_.■_.._■__.._.._■._.._., ■•_.._■»$« Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Show Card Writing Designs and Specifications for Steel and Concrete Buildings Drawings for Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Among the Growers Numerous exhibitions, already held and yet to come, have greatly stimulated interest and activity in the big fruit growing industry of British Columbia. Preparations are under way for the first National Apple Show to be held in Vancouver at the end of September, and, in general, the progressive movement is very marked. Fruit growers are showing the applicant furnishing five acres of land which the government will work and plant. The owner is then expected to follow the government's directions in developing the tract, and demonstrations as to proper methods of spraying, pruning, etc., will be held by the department experts for the benefit of the neighborhood. Rye *____' '*&& P$i_ g5__i. £_1_ __Pw ^MM&w. "BPTfr&SW ONE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA'S FERTILE FIELDS a stronger tendency than ever before to co-operate in the solution of problems incidental to their business. They are making progress in their competition with growers across the border to the south, and are constantly attaining a stronger realization of the possibilities of the industry in British Columbia. Not for a moment losing sight of the continual expansion of this market, and that of the prairie country, they are preparing for a larger output next season than ever before. The fruit crop this year has been treble that of any in the past, but all the indications are that it will be greatly exceeded by that of 1911. Below are some items showing the progress of the month. Demonstration Orchards. Deputy Minister of Agriculture Scott states that within a month demonstration orchards will be selected throughout B. C. Present plans consider locations as follows: Vancouver Island, 2; lower mainland, 2 or 3; Yale-Kamloops, 4; Okanagan, 4; Columbia Valley, 1; Boundary, 1 or 2; Kootenay and Arrow Lakes, 6. The horticulturists of each district will consider from the applications the best parties to whom the work will be entrusted. The present plan contemplates B. C. Fruit at Eastern Fairs. The reports that continue to come in at the Department of Agriculture are most gratifiying as they refer to the success of British Columbia fruits at the prairie exhibitions. The Brandon fair was, at the last moment, able to provide space for the exhibit from this province, and in every way the appearance of the fruit was most attractive. In view of the Dominion Fair being held next year at Regina, the Department of Agriculture is taking active steps to secure space. The first offer of the best location, at this exhibition has been granted to E. Bullock- Webster, the British Columbia commissioner. In connection with the exhibit at this year's Regina show, the report from the fruit commissioner to Mr. William E. Scott, the deputy minister, is most satisfactory. Great interest was evidenced in the display made by this Province on the grounds. The British Columbia stand was thronged throughout every day of the exhibition. The Saskatoon fair was a centre for British Columbia fruits at which Bullock- Webster has been so fortunate as to secure the entire end of the Horticultural Hall, so that the fruit had a most central position and attracted wide attention. Labor and Fruit Growing. "The labor question in the fruit districts is becoming acute," says W. E. Scott, deputy minister of agriculture in this Province. "It will have to be met fairly and squarely before long, as the labor scarcity is having the effect of keeping capital out of the Province. I have; known several cases where men who would otherwise have invested here were frightened away by the high prices for labor on the fruit ranches. This labor risk is retarding the fruit industry and about the only solution which occurs to me at the moment is for the government and the railway company to get together and make arrangements so that large numbers of Old Country people of the right class could be brought out here free of cost. There are many who would gladly come were it not for the great expense of passage. "At the present time orchard laborers in many parts of British Columbia command $3 per day, while across in Washington and Oregon they can be secured for half that sum. This gives the Ameri. can fruitgrowers a great advantage and even with the duty against them they can ship their fruit into the Canadian markets at lower prices than the British Columbia growers can afford to sell for." Mr. Scott places his estimate of the fruit crop for this year at three times that of previous seasons. This he regards as a conservative figure. He thinks that at least a thousand cars will be exported. Strawberries in the North. Lakelse and Kitsumkalum strawberries are developing a reputation that will do much towards settling the beautiful and fertile valleys which lie back of Prince Rupert. Last year a few boxes of strawberries were picked and brought down. They were superior to berries brought up from the south. This year the" residents of the two valleys planted more vines and recently have been making large shipments to Prince Rupert, Seattle, and Vancouver. The berries are . of finest quality and their cultivation is very profitable. The great feature of the Lakelse and Kitsumkalum strawberries is that they come in just at the close of the season in California, Washington, and other southern districts, thus making a particularly long season on the coast for fresh fruits. Next season there will easily be a market a hundred per cent, greater for them than there was this year, and there is a fortune in their cultivation in the valleys along the Grand Trunk Pacific. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 CANADA'S TREK. By Hedley Rogers Germany's Iron Prince once lamented that while France had colonists she possessed colonies, and Germany had colonists but no colonies, England was the happy possessor of both. This was true then, and is to-day. Great Britain not only proudly possesses colonies, but colonies within colonies. The Briton's heritage outshines everything in history. With pride which the gallant ancient Roman would have envied, he may rove over twenty-four of every hundred square miles of the earth's surface and not be obliged to take out even his intention papers of naturalization. Alike, do Klondike's icy mountains, India's coral strand, Africa's fertile plantations and Australia's golden sands, join with Canada's broad acres in bestowing bounties upon him. When the precincts of the I\_ other Land become too strait he may hie across to the Dominions beyond the seas. When the East of those vast territories are developed, his progeny with all the vim of youth, may trek to the West, wrest from the bosom of nature a new Dominion and there develop a new nation within a nation, thus assuring the perpetuation of the greatest of all great Empires. In this respect Canada is as well blest as any. No need exists for her youth emigrating to a foreign land, or even to another colony within the Empire. Tens of millions of Canada's acres are yet in their virgin condition. While the rich grain fields of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and the other Northwest territories afford bounteous homesteads for tens of millions, the natural resources of British Columbia offer even greater rewards. It is very gratifying to know that our Eastern ancestors and cousins are being awakened to these facts. No country has contributed to this Province a more honorable and sturdy stock as have our Eastern Provinces. Almost every train carries Westward to us those whose coming vouchsafes to our race the preservation of those qualities, characteristic of Canadian and British nationality. One of the most interesting families among the recent arrivals is the Brown family, originally of Chatham and Dresden, Ontario, and later of the town of McTaggart, Weyburn District, Sask. The male folk consist of four sturdy men, father and son and two nephews. Albert, the elder, is father to Harry, and uncle to Alt", and Roy. Geo. W. Brown, who is father to the latter two and brother of Albert, is still prominent in municipal affairs in the old home town. He is at present councillor of Chatham Township. This family is an exceptional exemplification of the commural spirit of brother hood. All four are working partners in the one business. As an evidence of their appreciation of the climate and resources of British Columbia they have each invested most of their means in and around the city of Vancouver, and intend to invest the remainder of the capital, added to more they expect to interest, in fruit and farm lands elsewhere in the Province. Those four gentlemen comprise (what has become already familiar to many investors) The Brown Realty Company. At the cor. ner of Keefer street and Victoria drive they have established well equipped offices, where they bid fair to assist in preserving to the real estate and brokerage business, that reliability so desirable in that field of commercial endeavor. Already they have acquired and have sale sub-divisions in Burnaby, South Vancouver and Point Grey, in addition to city business property and residential sites, particularly in Grandview. With a record of fifteen years in the lumbering business in Ontario, owning lands in the Northwest, and having had years of experience in ranching in those territories, these boys are capable of providing reliable advice, as to the relative values of property in each of the provinces. The West will welcome from the East many more such families as the Browns. PROVINCIAL EXHIBITION OCT. 4 to 8 (inclusive), igi o QUEEN'S PARK, NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. m FALL EXHIBITIONS ». LACROSSE $50,000 in Prizes BASEBALL Under the Auspices of the R. A. & I. S. of B. C. .:. W. H. Keary, Manager. Absolutely the GREATEST SHOW in British Columbia THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Upward Trend in Real Estate The renewed business activity which usually comes with the fall is evident in the" real estate field. The summer was accounted dull, but all the indications are that the autumn will see much brisk business. While there have not been many large transactions as yet, the demand for homes and other smaller holdings has been increasing steadily for several weeks, and with the influx of money into the city after the crops have been moved, the prospect is that it will continue to increase for several months. This desire on the part of a great many people to acquire homes in Vancouver or its suburbs is a more pronounced feature of the real estate situation here than in probably any other city on the American continent, and is an excellent indication of the stability of the population flowing into this city. The advent of new comers is also indicated by the great demand for rooming houses. These are taken as soon as they are placed upon the market, and are at once filled. It is reported that British and American capitalists have recently invested hundreds of thousands of dollars in Vancouver building securities. One of the most substantial signs of the building progress in this city will be seen in a fine twelve story building of steel which is about to be erected on the corner of Homer and Pender streets. In the basement will be a dining-room with accommodation for five hundred guests. The first story will be used for stores and the upper floors will contain three hundred and eight offices. Real estate is particularly active in Vancouver's suburbs. Hastings townsite is attracting the attention of speculators and home seekers because of its elevation and good transportation facilities. The projected improvements in the Point Grey and Eburne car services, as well as in the roads and drainage, have had the effect of stimulating interest in these localities. Numerous lots have recently changed hands. The False Creek bylaw has had a tendency to enhance the values of Grandview. Among centres of real estate activity at a distance from Vancouver, Port Mann may be mentioned as now attracting much attention because of the announcement of the C. N. R. of an intention to develop this section as an ocean port. Trade in lots has materially increased in Clover dale since the extension of the Chilliwack line to that point, and the opening of service by the B. C. E. R. The railroad extension to this district makes it a promising field for real estate investment. Interest in Burnaby, South Vancouver and Point Grey is growing constantly. There have been numerous inquiries as to Lulu Island real estate since the report of the intention of the C. N. R. to tap this territory. The demand for fruit lands in the Okanagan Valley is continually increasing. Twenty-five hundred acres have been sold this month. Busy Days for Brokers The making and extension of roads and the opening of new streets has greatly stimulated activity in the beautiful suburb of Point Grey. On the Clere and Wilson roads and the Marine drive business has been particularly brisk. Mole and Keefer, Point Grey specialists, have found the uplift in the market very mark, ed. The same is true of W. H. Windle, who deals extensively in Kerrisdale and Point Grey properties. Mr. Windle advises the family man to secure a home site in Kerrisdale, where there is plenty of room and sunshine for the children as well as adults who appreciate the charms of suburban life. British American Securities, Limited, are staking their firmly established reputation as a careful and conservative house upon the future of Kerrisdale as one of the most desirable of Vancouver's suburbs. They have some excellent offerings there, and report that the section is attracting more and more attention from investors and home seekers. In the Hastings townsite the National Real Estate Company is finding difficulty in meeting with the demand for houses. This demand is greatly stimulating construction in this section. Surrey, Point Gfey, and South Vancouver are the centos of an activity which is absorbing the attention of Marriott & Fellows, who report a decided increase in the interest of speculators and farm seekers. M. H. Franklin is making numerous sales in and around Port Moody, and is finding business better than it was last year. A material increase in transactions is also reported by Lougheed & Coates, who are finding the advance most noticeable in the construction of new houses, they have recently let several building contracts. Many inquiries for farm land have come to them, particularly in the Nicola Valley, in which they are specializing. They anticipate a larger volume of business in residential properties this fall than has been seen for many months. The Kitsil- ano district is attracting the attention of many home seekers. Facilities for handling their rapidly growing business have recently been provided by Latimer, Ney & McTavish, who have moved into attractive new offices. They are finding a keen demand for Grandview and Eburne properties. Numerous options have been closed. The new townsite of Fort George, in one of the last undeveloped areas of the province, is attracting much attention because of the good water, fertile soil, and close proximity to the railroad. William Holden is supplying many inquirers with information about this fertile section, and is closing deals there as well as in Vancouver. Foster & Fisher are doing more business in North Vancouver than at any time since the beginning of summer. God- dard & Son recently closed a deal for sixty-six feet on Pender street which was purchased by the French Auto Company for forty-five thousand dollars, or about seven hundred dollars a front foot. This progressive firm has made a number of other substantial sales within a few weeks. Messrs. Foster & Fisher of 310 Hastings street, who are well known in Vancouver as energetic real estate brokers, have incorporated their business as a joint stock company. Mr. Thomas H. Ingram, accountant of this city, who has recently returned from a five months' trip to England and Europe, has placed a considerable amount of stock in the new corporation. It will handle five insurance and loans in addition to real estate. A change in the name of the company will be announced in the next issue of Opportunities. The officers are A. P. Fisher, president; G. H. Foster, manager and director; Thomas H. Ingram, secretary and treasurer. The Capital City Realty Company is making a specialty of fruit and farm lands and finds a healthy demand for this kind of property. They have negotiated the sale of a number of lots in the northern part of Vancouver within a few days. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 31 The progressiveness of L. W. Bick, the well-known Victoria real estate operator, is illustrated by the literature about Victoria which he is scattering broadcast. This consists of beautiful booklets and handsomely illustrated pamphlets, which are bound to bring returns both to Victoria and to Mr. Bick, who is thoroughly conversant with the best opportunities for Victoria and Vancouver Island real estate investment. W. S. Cameron, manager of Federal Investments, has found inside real estate business good during the last six months, despite the general quietude in real estate. He fully expects that the next six months will be even better in both inside and outside property. Mr. Cameron is secretary and treasurer of The Pacific Coast Stock Exchange. He says that there is much activity on the stock market. One of the most experienced real estate operators in Vancouver is Harry B. Hall, of the Union Adjustment Company. Mr. Hall has made a very close study of real estate conditions in all parts of this community, and is in a particularly good position to advise prospective buyers as to the best possible investments in the Various kinds of property here. D. D. Mann's presence in Stewart aroused great interest. He stated that his expenditures have amounted close to $750,- 000 for payments on mining properties and development, and another $150,000 would be added before the close of the year. The Yukon territory has shipped to the outer world $150,000,000 in virgin gold. The greater part of this has been produc. ed within fifty miles of Dawson, and perhaps 90 per cent, within one hundred miles. Klondike's output is increasing, whereas some of the other camps are experiencing a falling off in yield. The output of this camp last year was $4,000,000, and this year it is expected to reach $5,000,000. The extensive operations of the Yukon Gold are to be rivalled by those of a giant new company now entering the field headed by A. N. C. Treadgold. Two or three other big companies are in the field with dredge companies, and two or three others are investigating this season with prospects of coming. Dan Greenwalt, a prospector well known in Nevada and other parts of the west, has reported a rich find on the Skagit river, near the international boundary. The values, he says, run from $150 to $1,000 to the ton. Mr. Greenwalt's discovery was made on Steamboat Mountain. The district is situated forty miles in a southerly direction from the settlement of Hope, where Mr. Greenwalt's arrival and report occasioned a great real of excitement. The lure of the newly-discovered gold- fields has been felt strongly by the more daring of Vancouver's prospectors. A party of fifteen, headed by Dan Green- wait, W. A. Stephens, B. A. Jennings, S. A. Thompson and C. C. Grant, will spend the winter working on a rich lode staked by the quartet. Over one hundred claims have already been registered by Vancouv- lerites. OPPORTUNITIES IN DEER PARK. Opportunities for market gardens and country homes are what are attracting purchasers in the Deer Park division of Burnaby. The property which is the center of interest is on the border of Deer Lake, with a gentle southern slope, and exceptionally good soil for gardening and fruit raising. The section has been slow in developing for one of so many natural attractions. The reason for this has been a lack of transportation facilities. This objection will be swept away by the tram line between Vancouver and New Westminster, which will put Deer Park within easy reach of the markets and the commercial center of British Columbia. But the opportunities in the section are still ground floor ones. They offer the contentment of a charmingly situated country home, or the profit of a market garden, or both, upon an investment in property which is growing in value steadily. Ross and Shaw, of 318 Hastings Street, Vancouver, will tell you all about Deer Park. The extensive investments of D. D. Mann in the Portland Canal Mining district prove his faith in this rich mineral section of British Columbia. Mr. Mann says he is satisfied that Stewart will be a permanent low grade camp. The miner, alized area is extensive, and the character of the ores bodies is varied. The G. R. Naden Company, one of Prince Rupert's most progressive real estate companies, reports a strong demand for Prince Rupert real estate. Their sales last week amounted to $40,000. Ef-__-_-X-_-11 it i t TTTT_3__rr----_-r_xr_-_X-: rTTTTTTTT . TTTITI _ rmrlTYFTXTTYtr-_-Yyi_TTT-TTrrTTTTTT-^TT-TT-TTTTT-Y^-T T Yn_XXXXXXX_C-^-_--X__!_-J--^-X--^^ CXXXX^ ABLE AND TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS : "STEO," Vancouver, B. . odes Used : A. B.., 5th Edition, and Western Union CORRESPONDENCE INVITED Reference: Bank op Montreal SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT Phones : Head Office, - 5604 Branch Office, 4265 Residence, - 5694 The John T Stevens Trust Co. Mercantile Building-, 318 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Branch Office: 2435 Granville Stree Estates Managed Funds Invested Companies Organized Stocks, 'TBonds, iMines WE ARE PREPARED TO ACT AS MANAGERS, TRUSTEES (UNDER POWER OF ATTORNEY), REPRESENTATIVES AND AGENTS FOR CLIENTS, INVESTORS, MORTGAGERS, AND PROPERTY OWNERS. CONSULT US. WE PLACE MORTGAGES ON 50% MARGIN OF VALUATION YIELDING 6% TO 8% INTEREST ■Ses Timber Limits Farm Lands Insurance Colonization __^-^-_-__nT-T-T-TT-TTYT__---,__---X-T-I-_-T-^^ -XTrTX-TT-IXXXn. CZXXXJJXrZXZ^ZTSTZTIIZI?Z?rj7XZXZjnYZIZrZZZTTTZZ*TTT-rzr-ITT:T-I-rTri CXXXXE ....._....._.... __.._..__-_..•....._.._.._.._.._. BULLEN & LAMB (Late Bullen Photo Co.) Phone 4018 743 Pender Street, W. VANCOUVER, B. C. ..._»•«.■_-._..>..__._■. ._.+..»»«.i>.....>..»..». ).im_i_|i Architectural Photography j Enlargements f Amateur Finishing Picture Framing | The House of Ideas The Highest of Ideals CAMERAS AND SUPPLIES «{»■«■■."-".■■_■■_■'_■■_■»_■■_■■ _m_i.>ii.■■«ii»m».i>.i»ii_.■_■■»■■ .■■.■■■■i»ii»ii»ii_.._M»n>n>n_.i»mn>n>iHi.»ii.ii_ii»ii>ii_ntiii __i.h_h.ii_i tut"_■!_■■•■■-■■*"»"*"-"-"-■■-"»■■>■■-■■-■■_ii>n_"_ii»n_n_ii>n_n_i._u_ii#M_miHiianfi THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS ^ Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Some Exhibition Displays One of the most artistic displays at the Vancouver exhibition was that of L. J. Trounce, the show card writer. His work caught the eye of all passers-by, and fire engine mentioned has commended itself strongly to fire chief Watson of New Westminster, where R. Harris & Company have their offices. company has over 5,000 feet of development already done. It controls an immense deposit of silver-lead, and the board of directors have just employed between thirty and forty additional men. They propose increasing the number of their employees from month to month until the mine becomes the first shipper in Canada. The Company's mill is one of the best equipped in the Kootenay- Slocan district, 280,400 feet of lumber having been used in the construction of the building alone. The machinery has a capacity of 200 tons per day. An automatic gravity aerial tramway 5,500 feet long connects the mill with the mines. There is an abundance of timber for years to come. Detailed information may be obtained gratis by applying to the Company's office, 429 Pender Street, Vancouver. ANT ARTISTIC DISPLAY OF SHOW CARDS aroused unanimous admiration. It showed a refreshing difference from that of most show card writers, who are prone to be stiff and mechanical in their product. Mr. Trounce gives drawings a snappy originality which immedately attracts admiring attention and thus makes them particularly effective as advertising mediums. In addition to their commercial merits they have a distinctive art quality which plainly indicates that Mr. Trounce could successfully compete with magazine cover artists and other designers of the highest class. It is safe to say that in his distinctive field Mr. Trounce has no superiors and few equals on the continent. A FINE DISPLAY AT THE EXHIBITION An effective display at the recent Vancouver exhibition was that of R. Harris & Company, who had on the counter of KOOTENAY SILVER LEAD MINES WIN FIRST PRIZE. At the Vancouver Exhibition, under the silver-lead section, first prize was awarded to the Kootenay Silver Lead Mines Limited. The Dominion Government strives to foster this industry by paying a lead- bounty of from 65c. to 80c. per 100 lbs. of ore mined, and from this source alone the Highland Mine (one of the claims of the Kootenay Silver Lead Mines Ltd.) received $27,326 in one year. The value of the concentrates, inclusive of the bounty, varies from $37 to $39 per ton. This NEW SASH AND DOOR FACTORY. The new sash, door and planing mill of the Woodworkers, Limited, of Victoria, will in a short time be in operation with a capacity of 300 doors and 100 windows a day. The machinery is of the very latest designs. The dry kiln rooms are equipped with what is known as the fresh air system and are heated to from 180 to 200 degrees. All material is steamed before the dry heat is applied. Everything in the plant is as perfect as it is possible to make it. The Woodworkers manufacture all kinds of building material. Every need of the builder in construction work is supplied at this factory. their booth jreat array of aluminum goods designed for novelty advertisement. As is well known among advertisers, aluminum articles constitute one of the popular and successful means for effective special advertising. Cecil T. M. Sapsford, who is associated with the com- 1 ."i y, has recently taken the exclusive agency for these goods in Vancouver. In addiuor to the aluminium display the company handle and had on exhibition "Red Cross" Sanitary Closets, which gained the favorable attention of many physicians, the "Simplex" Fire Escape, and fire fighting equipment in general. The DISPLAY OF R. HARRIS & COMPANY AT THE VANCOUVER EXHIBITION 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 33 ATTRACTIONS OF THE PORTLAND. Victoria has been slow to realize that she must cater in an efficient manner to the visitors that continually fill her hotels and restaurants. Evidence of the fact that she has awakened to this neces. sity is found in her latest European plan hotel, "The Portland," centrally situated on Yates Street, two and a half blocks above Government Street. This hotel, consisting of about 50 rooms, is one of the most modern of its kind on the Pacific coast. Every room is equipped with steam heat, hot and cold water, and telephone. Mrs. C. Baker, the proprietress, whose charming personality and unfailing courtesy have gone far toward making the success that this hotel undoubtedly enjoys, is to be complimented on her foresight and management. UP-TO-DATE ROOMING HOUSES. Several new, up-to-date rooming houses, with hot and cold water, have recently been opened in Victoria. Among them are the Tourist, in the Bannerman & Home Building; the New Sylvester, in the Sylvester Block on Yates Street, near Douglas, and the Yates, at the corner of Yates and Broad Streets. These are under the management of George Geis, formerly with the Waldorf-Astoria, New York City. These new rooming jjj| houses fill a long-felt want in Victoria BOOTH AND STAFF OF OPPORTUNITIES AT VANCOUVER EXHIBITION From left to right : John Squire, Circulation Department ;__A. E. Roberts, Manager of Exhibit; Miss Sampson, Secretary ; Herbert Welch, Managing Editor ; F. S. Keith, Publisher and Proprietor; Hedley Rogers, Advertising Manager. The United Farmers of Alberta waited upon Sir Wilfrid Laurier and petitioned for a reduction in the tariff and for the establishment of government owned and operated terminal elevators at Victoria, Vancouver and Prince Rupert. They also urged a further development of shipping facilities by way of the Pacific. Sir Wilfrid gave assurances that he would look into the matter. MAPLE LEAF CLOTHES DRIER NECESSITIES FOR THE HOME. The ladies were much in evidence at the demonstration of the Maple Leaf Clothes Drier at the Exhibition. This remarkable invention is a great boon to housekeepers and will eventually be found in every home. It is fitted into any ordinary kitchen ceiling. The attachment consists of an ordinary socket inserted into the beam of the ceiling. Into this socket is screwed an iron rod and on this rod is a wheel that can be raised and lowered at will. Eight or sixteen basswood rods, each four feet in length, can be inserted into the wheel, and on these rods are hung the clothes so as to form a complete circle. It is undoubtedly the most simple, ingenious and useful clothes drier that has been invented. The entire apparatus is fitted up in any home at a total cost of $3 and can be purchased at the Ronald McMaster Co., 2327 Granville St. Page 34 WONDERFUL GAS PRODUCING MACHINE. Received Highest Award at Vancouver Exhibition. One of the most up-to-date and best exhibits at the Vancouver Exhibition was that of the firm of Piper & Co., of 1075 Granville street, which is organizing a big company to be called the British Gas & Light Company, Limited, which will extensively exploit their remarkable gas- OPPORTUNITIES heating the water instantly. When you have sufficient hot water you simply turn the tap off, which at the same time turns off the gas, so the only expense is just when you use the' hot water. One charge of the machine will last about six months, so there is no worry involved in watching for a leak in the tank. The gas machine is entered on the permitted list issue by the consulting "jHm '«__"•_-_*_*?■ % 4ft. A ml tit ___**& _w ■■■ '"*__»Kf gas producing machine;; producing machine, adaptable to any house, home, church or building of any kind. This machine is at once compact in size, and unlimited in the range of their usefulness. It produces gas for twenty-four cooking burners, a large gas range, hot-water heater, and lighting for a large building. It did not only do it at the Exhibition, but has survived the test of practical experience at the Alexandra Domestic School of Science. It is an invention that must appeal particularly to the housewife or a keeper of any large building. The machine means an immense saving of expense in the matter of lighting. For instance, where incandescent, electric or acetylene lamps would cost 50 cents an hour, the gas from this machine can be furnished at a cost of about three cents an hour. And; besides this, it actually gives a 1000 candle-power, while the more expensive system only corresponds to 800 candle-power. In addition to this greatest virtue of economy, this wonderful invention has the advantage of being a great labor- saver. It supplies gas to one of the most marvelous water heaters that was ever conceived, as well as to a beautiful gas stove for cooking. All you have to do, if you want a bath or hot water in any part of your home, is just to turn the tap and your hot water begins to flow through this wonderful water heater, engineer of the National Board of Fire Underwriters in Class A. There are three virtues attainable in domestic arrangements, and these gas burners and heaters possess all three. These are safety, cleanliness and econ- omy, but the greatest of these is economy. m »k 4 4_U- 1910 THE PROBLEM OF DISTRIBUTION. By Hugh Chalmers. THE LATEST WATER HEATING INVENTION The business problem before the American people to-day, commercially speaking, is the problem of distribution—of getting things from where they are to where they ought to be. The two big factors in this problem are advertising and salesmanship. Now, the relationship between the two, in my opinion, is the closest relationship it is possible to have. It is closer than a team under a single yoke; it is closer than friends; it is closer than brothers; yes, it is closer than the relationship between man and wife, because there can never be a separation or a divorce. Advertising is salesmanship, and salesmanship is advertising. Every ad. is a salesman, and every salesman is an ad. There is this difference: advertising is salesmanship plus publicity; salesmanship is advertising plus getting the order signed. Advertising creates the atmosphere of business, and the salesman follows and takes the orders. It is like a chemical combination. For instance, glycerine in itself is perfectly harmless, but combined with certain chemicals it forms one of the most powerful explosives known. The same is true of salesmanship and advertising, it takes brains to combine them and nerve to set them off, but the results are worth while. A man says, "My business is so thoroughly established I do not need to advertise it." It puts me in mind of a man with blue goggles winking at a girl. He knows he is winking at the girl, but she doesn't. Now the close relationship between the two is most noticeable when you get down to the bedrock of business and find out what is the foundation of all business. The foundation of business is confidence. And advertising and publicity are the greatest builders of confidence known to the business man. Big advertising looks like big sales; it makes the public familiar with the seller of the goods and will create confidence in those goods. Some people mistake advertising for merit. Please bear in mind that advertising never added one dollar to the merit of any article advertised. Advertising merely telJs the merit; it does not create it. Goods must have merit in them to sell, and they must also have merit, when sold, to stay sold. A sale does not end nowadays with the making ot it; it never ends as long as the man is using the article you sell. I think most advertising men I have seen who do things realize what advertising needs most. Through advertising we are enabled to build up volume, and that volume enables us to cut expense, and the more we are enabled to sell the more advertising we should do. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 35 The Financial Situation As may be expected during the summer months, there has been since June a pause in the great business activity of last spring. But the dullness is passing with the summer. The autumn is bringing fresh vigor to commercial enterprise. Money which has been used during the warm months to harvest crops is already beginning to flow back into the main channels of circulation, and thus is again becoming available for general investment. Until nearly the first of the year this process of accumulation will continue, resulting in a steady increase in the volumn of money at hand for the launching and extension of commercial enterprises. The signs of the business stimulus which always comes in the fall when times are normal, are now numerous in Vancouver, particularly in the fields of real estate and building. The local financial situation is, of course, dependent in considerable measure upon that throughout the Dominion and that in the United States. This situation has recently shown marked improvement. Because of drought upon the Western plains, it was thought that the crops, which are, of course, the basis of prosperity, would be at least a partial failure. These fears have not been realized. In many sections, particularly in British Columbia, the harvest will be abundant, and, speaking generally, the crop in Western Canada will be good. It has been estimated by experts, for example, that the grain production for the three great wheat growing provinces of Canada will amount this year to between eighty-five and ninety-five millions of bushels. A sustaining factor in the general financial situation has been the publication of the annual report of the Canadian Pacific "Railway, showing gross revenues of well over one hundred millions of dollars, and the most profitable year in the history of this great corporation. It is to be noted that other railway companies of Canada are spending immense sums in construction. A progressive movement of this kind would not be in evidence if the astute financiers who direct the destinies of these companies had the least anticipation of business depression. The constantly growing activity in the Vancouver stock market is reflected in an official statement to the effect that there were transactions during the last fiscal year in 1,829,716 shares of stock an increase of about 250 per cent over the previous year. There are indications that the current year will show a mater ial increase over these high figures. Mining progress has within a few months been substantial. Numerous new strikes have been reported, and companies are preparing for more vigorous development campaigns than they have yet instituted. For several reasons, which may not be detailed here, the market for the big industrial securities in the financial centres has fallen this summer to low levels, but there are no factors in the commercial situation which can long continue to have a depressing effect. The general feeling is one of buoyancy and optimism, and there is every promise that the financial trend is upwards. NORTHERN FARM LANDS That twenty-five per cent, of northern British Columbia is good agricultural land is the opinion of George L. Brown of Seattle and Quesnel. Mr. Brown has just made a tour through the north country, going in by way of Ashcroft to Quesnel, Fort George, Hazelton, and the numerous fertile valleys which separate and surround those places. He is enthusiastic about the country and is of opinion that there will be immense changes there within a year. This year thousands of people went in, but this is as nothing to the number that will go next year, when the railway is nearing completion, he says., Mr. Brown brought out samples of the grain, wheat, potatoes, tomatoes, and other products of the country. They are very fine and show that the possibilities of agriculture are very great. Next year Mr. Brown expects to pierce the Peace River country, where there are still more millions of acres of undeveloped lands. JAMES ROY, WHOSE EFFICIENT WORK AS MANAGER WAS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE SUCCESS OF VANCOUVER'S FIRSTlEXHIBITION Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Railroad Construction in British Columbia The best augury for the development of a country is to be found in adequate railway construction. The meaning of the building of new lines and the extension of old ones is that the most astute financiers are certain of the permanent character of the resources of the territory through which they project the steel trails. The fact that there is probably more activity in railroad construction in British Columbia than anywhere else on the continent speaks for itself in its bearing upon the continued development and future of this region. next summer it will be running into Hazelton. By the end of September the piece of line between Winnipeg and Lake Superior junction will be in operation, giving a clear run from the prairies to Port Arthur, in time to help carry out the wheat crop. This will be a great relief to the situation there, as, for a number of years past, the traffic over the C. P. R. has been badly blocked. Kettle Valley Work. Construction on the Kettle Valley railway, out of Merritt, is proceeding satisfactorily. One of the big steam shovels, made overtures to the government of British Columbia for securing aid in the construction of hundreds of miles of branch lines in various parts of the province. Premier McBride recently said: "I have been in conference with Mr. D. D. Mann, Vice-President of the Canadian Northern relative to the extension of the lines of the company on Vancouver Island and the mainland of the province." Of course it is essential that following the completion of construction of the main line of the railway it should have branches which may serve as traffic feeders. TRACK LAYING IN BRITISH COLUMBIA Grand Trunk Construction. Before the year is out the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway will have trains running into British Columbia at its eastern and western boundaries, and the work will be pushed from both ends until these meet and make a through service from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The trains are about to run through to Edson, the divisional point 130 miles west of Edmonton, and by autumn they will probably be operated as far as Jasper Park and into the eastern confines of the province. The railway will be operated for sixty miles east of Prince Rupert this fall, and Shipped 7 miles of pipe to Xatalla Oil Fields—Amalgamated Development Company. See page 5. with a capacity of 70 tons, is on the ground. The donkey engines are at the coast ready for shipment. A. V. McDonald, who was awarded the sub-contract for the first ten miles of the road, has withdrawn from the field, but his withdrawal has in no way affected the progress of the work. Sub-contracts have been let for the different portions of the line out as far as 10 miles. Just as soon as the donkey engines and the rest of the shovels arrive, the contractors say they will take on all the men they can get. "We will take 1000 men if we can get them, because we want to get this work through." Provincial Aid to C. N. R. The Canadian Northern Railway has It is probable that in order to bring about further development of various portions of the province, through the furnishing of transportation facilities, the government may consider the advisability of lending such assistance to the railway as will bring about the object desired. "The Canadian Northern is desirous of constructing an additional hundred miles of line on Vancouver Island. Such an extension there would mean building from Alberni north to the northern end of the island, a locality now unserved by rail transportation. The company will also build branches into the Okanagan and Kootenay. The question of granting Oil in large quantities- velopment Co., pag-e 5. -Amalgamated De- 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 37 aid to the building of the branches and extensions may be dealt with at the next session of the legislature." C. N. R. at Port Mann. Preparatory work on the right-of-way of the Canadian Northern railway south of the Fraser River has now begun in earnest, and clearing gangs have been the C. P. R. is well prepared to handle it. The crop movement may be expected to begin about the first of September." C. P. R.'s Great Land Holdings. Candaian Pacific is one of the largest land holders in the world, says the Wall Street Journal. Exclusive of the receipts of the past fiscal year, $66,610,000 has **_*.--£ A BULKLEY VALLEY FIELD distributed between Port Mann and Port Kells and other points along the valley. The Johnston Construction company has about 300 men at work "brushing" ana clearing the townsite of Port Mann, and it is understood that this force will be augumented next week by a force of several hundred men now being outfitted in Seattle. New route for Nimrods. By the 15th of September or the 1st of October at the outside, the E. & N. railway company will inaugurate a service over the Alberni extension as far as Cameron Lake. This lake is one which, thus far, has seldom been visited by sportsmen habitually. A good number have occasionally made an excursion that far inland and always have returned with glowing reports, not only of the fishing to be secured, but of the plentitude of small game. Therefore it is probable that, with the new line in operation about the time of the opening of the shooting season, for a time at any rate, the major portion of the travel will be made up of nimrods. Big Freight Tonnage. ;W. B. Lanigan, assistant freight traffic manager of the C. P. R. says that the freight tonnage of the railway in Western Canada is growing steadily year by year, being a striking index of the company's development. In the Kootenay, the lumber tonnage this season is heavier than usual, while the ore tonnage about maintains its position. "There will be a considerable grain crop to handle although not so large as usual," says Mr. Lanigan, "and as usual The only gllt-eclged, commercial oil proposition on the market, Amalgamated Development Company, page 5. been received from the sale of parcels of land out of the original grant of 25,- 000,000 acres, and of this amount, approximately $36,193,521 have been expended on the company's property, with the result that fixed charges amount to only $954 per mile. This compares with $1123 for the Great Northern, $2279 for Northern Pacific, and $2795 for Union Pacific. Canadian pacific now holds notes amounting to over $18,000,000, representing part payments on land. The interest on these notes has enabled the company to pay an extra dividend of 1 per cent, since 1906, making the annual interest rate 7 per cent. it is conservatively estimated, $7,500,000 to the company's gross for the past fiscal year. The company is moving rapidly in the midst of a large programme of extensions and improvements. The total mileage, projected is 635, of which 410 miles are to be completed before the end of the autumn of 1910. For next year and the years succeeding it, it can be taken for granted that as large, if not larger, programme of extensions will be undertaken. Record Year for C. P. R. Well over a hundred millions were the figures issued recently by Vice-President I. G. Ogden of the C. P. R.,giving the earnings for June, the last month of the financial year, and also the gross figures for the whole year since July 1, 1909. In every direction records were broken and new high figures set, both in gross earnings, net profits and working expenses. Gross earnings of the railway proper for the twelve months were reported as $94,989,490 or nearer the hundred million mark than ever before. But railway earnings are a long way from covering all activities of the company. It is estimated that the net earnings of the steamships and other services, with dividends and interest securities held, which last year amounted to $3,500,000 will be far in excess of thai sum. No statement of the gross earnings of the steamship service is issued but boats make a good deal better than ten per cent, profit. On this basis $30, 000,000 could be added as gross earnings of the steamships and other outside services bringing the probable total takings of the Canadian Pacific up to something like $120,000,000 for the year. This is %'%m %&$$$ £^eu£~-^f- 7.*:i"* ".j-.-. #■«-■>- .'"■ ~;-§il-|8^^!f^^_Miiri__:^'*'' --:"^?-->$_. r^_»£>_P_3t-.WeaST „_'*__iS^2?'v*5_M*^Bfc__-- " .iw^'.n^r^ it ***"* . .____s_3___. ■ ■ 5?s!^^t_lic^____t_s'^?!^!r ■'s-ss__r_£' *J'' '*^**_i___r": ._"*•' ^Hr^8B-fe,.-'--^C'^^^tj-'^___tt POTATOES IN BULKLEY VALLEY The company is regarded as one of the most expert and extensive colonizers in existence. It is the operator of a 3,000,- 000-acre farm, and the income from this source, together with the revenue derived from the operation of a fleet of steamers on the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and a number of hotels* located along the line from Montreal to Vancouver, contributed, by far the greatest year in the company's history and one which few of the transportation companies of the world can compare with. A forfeit of $1,000 was put up by the Amalgamated Development Company in case their representations were not correct in every particular. Three newspapers sent representatives who report—better than represented. See page 5. Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 BULKLEY VALLEY The arable land in the Bulkley Valley covers an area approximately 100 miles long and from one to ten miles wide. The greater portion of this land is timbered lightly with poplars, while the remainder is timbered with spruce and black pine of medium size. The soil is principally a black loam where the poplars are found, and a sandy loam among the black pine; almost invariably the subsoil is clay. The first settlement took place in the spring and summer of 1904, although some ten men had wintered there in 1903-04. In 1904 about twenty pre-emptors took up land, built themselves cabins, and began preparing their lands for cultivation. During the following years settlers kept coming in until at the present time there are about 200 pre-emptors living in the valley, who with their wives and families bring the population up to about 500. MR. MERCHANT- After dark, YOUR WINDOWS, if properly dressed and LIGHTED, will play an important part in building up NEW BUSINESS. Let us supply you with OSRAM TUNGSTEN LAMPS for this class of Advertising. B. C. ELECTRIC COMPANY, LIMITED P. O. Drawer 1580 Phone 1609 Cor. Fort and Langley Sts., VICTORIA, B. C. Maple Leaf f? Clothes Drier ffl'HIS INVENTION solves the problem of drying clothes in wet ^^ or cold weather. You do not nave to hang them out. All you do is screw a socket into the kitchen ceiling. Into the socket you screw the centre rod and arms. When the clothes are ready for drying, you pull down the rod and arms, hang on the clothes— there is room tor a lot—and push up the rod out of your way again. When the clothes are dried you take down the Drier and fold it up. This is the new, expeditious, and pleasant way of drying clothes. The Drier costs $3.00 and is manufactured and sold hy The Ronald MacMaster Company 721 Robson Street Vancouver, B. C. - Phone 5058 The Victoria Gulch Mines comprise claims lying* between the famous Bonanza and Eldor- ado Creeks in theYukon. These creeks have produced $51,500,000.00 in Gold during the past 14 years and the end is not yet in sight. All this gold was eroded by natural processes ===:::======= from the quartz leads higher up :===:====^^ and washed down into the Creek. The Quartz Leads tfyat supplied the Gold are on the properties of the Victoria Gulcli Mines. A Company to be capitalized at $1,000,000 is now being formed, to work the quartz leads that are literally studded with pure gold. Come to l6o Hastings Street West and see samples of the quartz. They are bristling with bright e"old. 10,000 Shares only will be sold at 50c per Share 10,000 Shares only will be sold at 50c per Share Q: 10,000 Shares will be offered at 50 cents per share ; the par value of these shares will be $1.00 each, fully paid up and non-assessable. Watch the daily papers and read the advertisements. No more than 10,000 shares will be sold at 50c each. GET IN ON THE! GROUND FLOOR NOW A. EL. GARVEY, FISCAL AGENT J THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE 0_E" OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 * * Y T i WE ARE SPECIALISTS IN I Portland Canal Stocks AND CAN GIVE YOU FULL INFORMATION ON ANY COMPANY OPERATING IN THAT $ DISTRICT. DAILY QUOTATIONS RECEIVED. I N. B. M/VYSMITH & CO., LTD. 1 VICTORIA, B. C. i* % MEMBERS PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE i ■ ■ ■ n ,r .♦. Olfices : Victoria, B. C, Vancouver, B. C., Stewart, 4* B. C. Nanaimo, B. C, Seattle, Wash. 4> ^^^^♦^♦^♦•>i§j»j»^>«^4>,5,^,,_^j,_^^<Ij<_^,4J'<§> A__-,-#.^-^.#_*_*-«-^_._-»~..^.._.^.-...«..,_.,_.,..t_.«-, NEW T f The PORTLAND Mrs, Baker. Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B. C. »*-._.. Steam Heat, Gas, Electric Light, Telephone Hot and Cold Running Water in Each Room THE NEW SYLVESTER, 715 YATES ST. -AND THE YATES HOTEL, 621 YATES STREET VICTORIA, B. C. [ ®' . W. ARNOTT ft CO. 1 T{eal Estate and Insurance i ? Drawer 1539 & Prince Rupert j Splendid Opportunities for Investors j ~) SUN VISIBLE L TYPEWRITER Light, Strong, Durable. Absolutely Guaranteed the Best Light Typewriter in the world CASH PRICE $50.00 SEND FOR PARTICULARS THOS. PLIMLEY Automobile and Bicycle Dealer VICTORIA, B. C. J CERTIFICATES OF ATION. NCORPOR- Certiflcates of incorporation have been granted as follows: Be van, Gore & Elliot, Ltd., Capital, $250,000 in 100 shares of $1,000 each, and 150,000 of $1 each; Northern British Columbia Development company, capital, $25,000 in shares of $50; Worswick Paving Co., capital, $25,000 in shares of $25; West Coast Pishing & Curing Company, capital, $50,- 000 in shares of $100; Mouat Brothers, limited, capital, $35,000 in shares of $100; Bute Inlet Land company, capital, $100,- 000 in shares of $1; International Underwriters corporation, capital $250,000 in shares of $10; Ashman Coal Mines, limited, capital, $1,000,000 in shares of $1; the Comox Sawmill company, capital, $25,000 in shares of $100; St. Patrick's Hall company, limited, capital, $10,000 in shares of $10; M. M. Stephens & Company, limited, capital, $50,000 in shares of $100; Vancouver Artificial Stone & Brick company, capital, $5,000 in shares of $10 (the object is stated to be to acquire a knowledge of the secret processes and formula held by George F. Mc- Cully on the terms of an agreement between him and J. Ross Archibald and to carry on the business of manufacturing artificial stone and brick in Vancouver); Tucker & Co., limited, capital, $50,000 in shares of $1; Farmers' Lumber Manufacturing company, capital, $100,000 in shares of $10; Electric Water Heater company, capital, $100,000 in shares of $100; Ottertail Mining & Development company, capital, $1,000,000 in shares of $1; Hazelton Nine-mile Mining company, capital, $1,000,000 in shares of $1; the Penticton Herald Printing & Publishing company, capital $100,000 in chares of $1. The following have been licensed as extra-provincial companies: The Princetown Coal & Land company; head office, London, Eng.; capital two hundred thousands pounds, shares of one pound; attorney, Ernest Waterman, Princetown, B. C. Prince Rupert Coal Fields, limited; head office, Montreal; capital, $5,000,000; attorney, H. G. Lawson, Victoria. The 41 Market company; head office, Winnipeg; capital, $25,000; attorney, F. C. Lawer, barrister, Fernie. The Glasgow Assurance company; head office, Glasgow, Scotland; capital, one hundred thousand pounds in shares of one pound, attorneys, A. L. Tregent and W. S. Holland, Vancouver. The Western Supply & Equipment company, limited; capital, $50,000; head office, Lethbridge, Alta; attorney, W. P. Ogilvie, solicitor, Vancouver. Fletcher Manufacturing company; head office, Toronto; capital, $250,000; Attorney, D. G. Marshall, barrister-at law, Vancouver. V" Phone 953 P. 0. Box 817 E. CHILD 8 GO. REAL ESTATE 8 Fort George Lands Room 9, 707>< YATES STREET B.C. ._.._.._.._.._.-__.." MM J- E- Elliott Hand-made Goods a Specialty The most Lp-to-Datc Store For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear and everything needful for Infants and Children. Phone R313 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 JNO. JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. ._.._.._....._.. ,.•.._.._.._.._.. lis Ki jn/<&-__p____i ?jvij Prince Rupert, B. C. Mines, Stocks and Real Estate. Farm Lands • in the Skeena, Bulkley and Kispiox Valleys ! A.. rri_T_R_T_ri_TJi_Tx__xri_T_r_j_ri _xn_T_rT_T_ixn_nr_rLp HENRY CROFT H. G. ASHBY 5 Assoc. Mem. Inst. C. E. M. Inst. Mecb. E. Notary Public England Cable Code: BEDFORD MACNEIL Cable Address : ' CRAS," Vancouver Tel ephone 0 937 REAL ESTATE, TIMBER MINES, GOAL LANDS 150,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.50 86,000 acres Ominica District, at per acre, $4.50 40,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.00 7,680 acres Powell lake, go miles from Vancouver, at per acre $4.00 ;,ooo acres Rupert District, Vancouver _re $10.00 Island, at p CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED LRoom 5 i_n_n_n Wincb Bldg V ancouver, B.C. _A_TxiJTJiJa_TjT_ixr__Tr__a_xriruxr__T^ uisb THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zbt progressive Brokerage, Tinancial and Industrial Tirms and Institutions of British Columbia. Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN & CO. Real Estate and Insurance. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Real Estate Phone 5913 !069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. C. B. BAG-SEA WE & CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building 'hone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLLINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 240a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. CHAPPELi & BLAIR Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance .37 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTIIIE & WISHART Real Estate and Pinancial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. FRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St.- - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD & SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone 3202 329 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Tel. 5852 GOODYEAR & MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 06 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C LEONARD & REID Real Estate and Fire Insurance Mining Properties in Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insurance, Commission Agts, Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN & AFFLETON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT & WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. HEWLINGS & CO. Real Estate, Timber, Etc. Phone 1734 Room 4, 1109 Broad St. VICTORIA, B. C. HINKSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand* Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. T. HODGSON Real Estate and Insurance Box 604 - NANAIMO, B. C. ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R 1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. F. Moncreiff P. E. Townshend W. F. MONCREIFF & CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT & FELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. PATTULO & RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707% Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. CHAS. L. PARKER Broker and Commission Agent Suite 50-51, 429 Pender St. Phone 3859 - VANCOUVER, B. C. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 616 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SHAW REAL ESTATE CO. City, Timber, Farm and Fruit Lands 707% Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH & SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 Phone 1743 F. H. SEABROOK & CO. Real Estate and Timber Phone 4043 316 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT 8c LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. ♦|«._ll_ll_ll_ll«H»M_.._-i».-_-»«^»«>-.>_.«_....>^.....|0..t_,>M^.,J,,J..>Wjt I SHAMROCK LIVERY I | TEAMINGandFEEDSTABLES I L GRANDY AND SON i Post Office Address: PORT ALBERNI, B. C. Res.: 3030 Quadra St. Office Phone 2418 E. HENDERSON & CO. Farms, Timber and Mines FRUIT LANDS 711 Yates Street Room 1, Sylvester Block VICTORIA, B. C. 4jW - .._....._.■_.._..........._.. _-** E. J. Bright T. A. McQueen The Capital City Realty Co. REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE AGENTS 618 Yates St. Phone 2102 VICTORIA.B.C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 Lulu Island Snap Ten acres on No. Six Road, now planked. Will have water past the property this fall. Property on both sides held at $300 an acre. Who wants this at $250 per acre? It is the best and safest investmeht you could make. Box M, Opportunities Pub. Co. Thousand Dollar Bonus The man who secures this will have made one thousand dollars as soon as the deal is through. A ten-acre block situated east of New Westminster with trackage and facing1 on government road. A beautiful piece of property which will be worth $500 an acre within a year. Surrounding acreage off the road and without trackage now selling at $350 per acre. This for a quick sale at $250 per acre; $1400 cash, balance over three years. Box L, Opportunities Pub. Co. SUMMER HOME Here is a chance to secure a summer home on the north arm of Burrard Inlet at a low price. A 3-roomed cedar bungalow at Woodlands with a superb view overlooking the entire inlet. Lot three-quarters of an acre. Mountain water piped past the property. Good boat service convenient for business men. Ideal location. This is a genuine snap. Price $1200; one half cash, balance over 2 years. Address, Box K, Opportunities Pub. Co. OPPORTUNITIES Page 41 ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦<»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ I THE GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO, Real Estate, Insurance and Commission Agents HORNBY STREET Best buy on this coming street. Full lot with house, close to Pender. Price $15,000. Easy terms. CLARK DRIVE 33 feet, with small house rented at $8.00 per month, near Harris Street. Price $3,700. Good terms. GRANDVIEW We have several lots in this district under market value. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED GRANDVIEW PROPERTY A SPECIALTY 1017 Granville Street VANCOUVER, B. G ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ njTjTLr__xr__Truxr_n-Txi_ri_^^ rLnp Do You Want to Make Some Money? IF you have a little spare time it will pay you to act as representative to ''Opportunities" in your district, or better still, if you can give us all your time you can make a handsome revenue with little difficulty. A card will bring you sample copies and an outline of our proposition, which is a most liberal one. _-"LTU ADDRESS CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. n_ri_xixri_TjiA_TJi_TjTjTjTjTji niuxnsuxriiisinrinfinnruvnri nnnnjuuw THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS ■LTLTD Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 •••••"••••»•••••■ ..«..»..»..«..»_»#_»<..»*»»■ i|ntntn|ii TRANSFER AND LIVERY ROSEBOROUGH & HARRIS SECOND AVENUE Port Alberni, B.C. ♦ ♦ ♦»♦-♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦» -♦-♦• ♦ . Testing the Eyesight jj is not guesswork—It is a scientific pro- ceedure which only a SPECIALIST can \\ follow deftly and with certainty. If your o Eyesight is not what you think it ought \* to be, call and have it tested properly. Du Earl T* McCoy \ Eyesight Specialist X> Glasses Fitted 65 Fairfield Bldg.,445 Granville St. ••-♦- >♦♦♦♦♦♦ <► BUILDING DOCKS AT RUPERT. Work on the construction of the Canadian Fish & Cold Storage Compony at Prince Rupert has started. ___. scow load of lumber and piling came up from Vancouver and the docks will be built immediately. Teredo-proof piling is being used. The company is using the sawmill docks temporarily for the unloading of its material. It is reported from an inside authority that the Dominion Government intends to give a bonus of $300,000 to aid the company in erecting its big works and establishing the fish packing industry in the northern city. This information has not yet been made public, but something of the kind is evidently contemplated. It would be a big boost to Prince Rupert industry. DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in the City Fifteen minutes walk from P. O. One minute's walk from street cars With rapid development now in progress, the famous Fraser River Delta gives every promise of becoming one of the ricnest and most productive agricultural sections in Canada. Nature seems to have designed the Delta for this end, and man has obligingly placed big cities within easy reach of it, so that the delta farmer finds for his products a market which is already great and is growing constantly. One of those who perceives most vividly the nature of this section is James Armes of 1885 Hastings street, Vancouver, who has concentrated with careful and capable work upon the Whonnock and Ruskin districts, and has a list of small selected fruit and farm lands which should be seen by all who are awake to the opportunities here. Prices range from $50.00 up. VICTORIA, B. C «$»••• ...................... •-•••j. ♦$♦._.._.._.._.. _.._.._.._.....................~........................_..__._..^. We make a specialty of Business, Farm and Residential Property. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED CIMIE & POWER j * • REAL ESTATE and INSURANCE AGENTS I 1214 Douglas Street P. 0. Box 316 VICTORIA, B. C. »|»-_.._M_M».l_..>-i_~«ll_ll_ll_M_ll_ll_..>.._..tll>ll_lHlH,H^>_.»..>..t.t|t Many inquiries during the summer as to Victoria real estate have been found by the Royal Realty Company to be bearing fruit in sales at the present time. There has been considerable activity in residential, business and sub-division properties, resulting evidently from the fact that many persons who visited V^- toria during the summer have decided that real estate investment there is both safe and profitable. The outlook for the fall is bright. PANTCRIUM Phone 1823 Renovating- ed and Pressed for 50c. Tailoring Suits Spon One trial will make you a regular customer. I 313 Gamble St Vancouver, B, C, > Changes of an important nature are being effected in the Canadian end of the business of the Pacific Cable company. J. Milward, Australian manager, and A. S. Baxendale, chairman of the London board, have completed arrangements with the Canadian Pacific Telegraph company to lease a special wire from the latter in order that there may be no break in the Cable company's direct communication across this continent. The business of the Pacific Cable company has increased in the last year or two at a sensational rate and the present move is considered a distinctly forward one in the history of the organization. r-T_T_R_Tr__T_ari_T_r_j^ H. W. Philpot H. W. Lang 5 TELEPHONE 6604 PH1LF0T & LANG REAL ESTATE TIMBER INSURANCE _? MONEY TO LOAN Homes in all parts of the City 1403 DOMINION TRUST BUILDING L Vancouver, B. C. UTj-uioTinriJTriJTj uuTsirinsinjuuTsu UT-TD WM. MEED WHOLESALE Fruit Prod uce an d Provision Merchant STEWART,nC. «£«.«.._.. ._........_.._...■ ..................... .......J. «£«■ _.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.._.■_.•_.•_.•_••_........... ....... •$♦ Westminster Hall j VANCOUVER, B. C. j Tfye Presbyterian College of tfye West' * Thorough training in all years of the Theological Course. Tutorial Department for men preparing for Arts. & &p &P The most distinguished scholars from all parts of the world lecture from time to time. SUMMER SESSION For calendar, write PROF. G. C. PIDGEON, D.D., Registrar THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 3 OTOn! DTAnT Considering Its Simplicity, Its Effectivenes Creates Wonder olUrl ntAUI /^W You have a strop, and may be a sore face. Why not have a hone ? The strop merely smoothes the edge off the razor, and in time tends to thicken it, but does not bring- it to a fine cutting" edge. A razor hone thins it down. Notice the "WIRE EDGE" breaking off the razor when passing over the sharp edges of the holes. First : Hone your razor, giving it five or six strokes over the perforated surface. Second. : Clean off your strop, and strop your razor. Third : Wash your face well, removing- any dust or dirt that- may collect in the skin or beard as well, it softens the beard ; then dry your face and hands, for wet hands cannot handle a razor. Fourth: Rub the lather in well, then re-lather and shave. lip HI Iz|gi8g8: Wi -58 gig sm mm \ * jppji^jijii I H C^v^^^^^^®^ S. J. SMITH Inventor and Sole Manufacturer of The Smith Perforated Razor Hone. THE SMITH RAZOR HONE CO. 838 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Dear Sirs : Please find enclosed $1.00, for which send me prepaid, one Smith's Perforated Razor Hone. Name Address ROSENBERG VIEW Blocks 2 and 3, District Lot 200 BEAUTIFUL view lots with southern slope, five minutes from Fraser Avenue and five minutes from car when track is continued to connect with the Eburne-Westminster line. The B. C. Electric Railway Company is under contract to go to Page Road in eight months, and will probably make the other connection at the same time. We will guarantee to clear and grade all lots, streets and lanes, leaving the property ready to build on. There is a great demand now for cheap property, and this exactly fills the bill. LOTS $400 UP Terms : $50 cash and $50 quarterly ; or one-quarter cash, balance 6, 12 and 18 months. I Latimer, Ney &McTavish, Ltd. Office Open Evenings ^ I £ PeildeZ Stteet W., ZJaiJCOUVeZ, B. C. \ THERE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 4 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 THE PERMANENT HAIR WAVE y^W* ^a^es Your Hair as Beautiful as if I Waved by Mother Nature a?kHE Permanent Wave is new to Vancouver, but has attained great vogue \*j in London, Paris and New York. In addition to its beautifying effect, it benefits the hair. The wave is not destroyed, but is enhanced by dampness and shampooing. Not for many months, until the hair grows out, do you have to think of keeping it in wave. The wave is there, in all its freshness and beauty. I have tested its durability carefully, and have been charmed by the results. Now I am introducing it in Vancouver with great success. It is one of the most scientific and satisfactory aids to beauty yet devised, a real boon to women who desire to be attractive at all times. In considering the Wave, however, do not forget my LAUNDRY FOR FACES, in which you can have your face washed in a wonderfully cleansing and nourishing warm oil and ironed with a gently heated electric iron, resulting in a freshening of the complexion which will arouse the admiration of your friends. Returning to the subject of hair, I desire to announce that on Monday, October 3rd, I will begin a SALE OF HAIR GOODS of the best qualities, in which each article will be sold at a reduction of twenty-five per cent. At this sale you will find the best at the most reasonable prices. If you can't call, write me a letter. V&BBBBSS^&BSSEm vK*&&mmsp&>. i^^l^^^^^SS^I MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largest, Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast 723 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. ^Plione looo THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 5 FgyVKMS^gCTvaftMtfgBSIHHWr Sa8E5S2SSE5SE£S ^%4^s^r^^-rS^^:rJWA''raS)S: EESw^^SttBSiBB^BaBEgSBaig PORT1MANN As a Transcontinental Terminus and great Sea Port, is an assured fact. If.' The CANADIAN NORTHERN Railway Co. have not only decided to make PORT MANN their PACIFIC TERMINUS, but they are ACTUALLY BUILDING THE CITY. We have, RIGHT IN THE TOWNSITE, One Acre Lots to 80 Acres. This is the best investment on the market to-day. €][ We have a man on the ground who will show you the property, which includes a number of good buys if taken at once. H. P. LATHAM, Manager National Finance Co., Ltd., 657 Columbia Street, New Westminster, B. C. Dear Sir: Please forward me by return mail full particulars regarding the acreage you have for sale right in the townsite of Port Mann. Name Address National Finance Company, Ltd. H. P. Latham. Local Manager 657 Columbia Street, New Westminster, B. C. New Westminster Branch : 5^SSW?^«Be!i«3SMSr5aa^«*^!«Se=BBi^ Telephones 1193, R 4008 and 1,1533 Established 1888 MUTRIB & BROWN MAKE AND SAVE MONEY for their Clients every day. They have been doing this since 1888, ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^= and have started thousands of Clients on the road to Fortune. Real Estate Valuators. Insurance, Money to Loan. Houses and Stores for Rent Acreage, Building Lots and Homes in any district you desire. See our lists and prices before buying. MUTRIE <fc BROWN Room lO, 33G Hastings St. W, Vancouver, \B. C. ^^^^£®m Port Moody \ Acreage WE HAVE 165 ACRES OF SPLENDID LAND. NO RAVINES. ONLY A SHORT DISTANCE FROM THE WATER. This will be worth a fortune in the near future, and can be bought VERY CHEAPLY NOW. Call or phone us for price and terms. The Cs NADU 1 INVESTMENT CO., Ltd. BO Hastings St. W. ^ ^ phone 2790 Vancouver, B. Cm THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Fraser River Waterfrontage DIRECTLY OPPOSITE CITY OF 1 NEW WESTMINSTER Contains 75 acres, and has about 2,300 feet of Waterfrontage. There is deep water in front of this property. We have exclusive sale and can deliver at very reasonable price. Pemberton Sf Son 32,6 Homer Street Vancouver, B. C. H: H WINDSOR PARK Adjoins the Future Centre of North Vancouver—Lies in the vicinity of the SECOND NARROWS BRIDGE and the IMPERIAL CAR WORKS. PRICES: $125 for Inside Lots, $150 for Corners. TERMS: $20 Cash, Balance $5 per Month FOSTER & FISHER TELEPHONE 6488 310 HASTINGS ST. W,, VANCOUVER, P. e. OPEN EVENINGS LYNN VIEW 57 ft. x 150 feet Prices: $250, $275 and $325 Payable either $100 down and $100 a year or $25 down and $25 quarterly or $5 down and $5 per month 10 per cent discount given if all paid up in one year ON THE FROMME ROAD NORTH VANCOUVER SURVEYOR'S REPORT. Vancouver, May 18th, 1910. Part of D. L. 2004, Gt., N.W.D., North Vancouver. I have surveyed this property and find it to be an excellent parcel of land ; having- a southerly slope, good view, and gravelly soil, which insures good drainage, and is almost clear of brush. This property is in every way a most desirable subdivision. (Signed) Frank Sweatman, B.C.L.S. The Merchants Trust & Trading Co. Ltd., Financial Agents Cor. Pender and Burrard Sts., Vancouver Telephone 2733 THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 Index to Advertisements Alexander & McKay 38 Aulo\ Gwin & McClarty 35 Anderson & Clayton 40 Arnott, G. W. & Co 37 Austin, A. E. & Co 38-40 British Gas & Light Co British Empire Insurance Co. Brown Realty Co Bagshawe, E. C. B. & Co. ... Baxter & Johnson Co., Ltd. .. Beeman, H Bowman & Co Bullen & Lamb Canadian Investment Co. Capital City Realty Co. ... "Cascade" Beer Chappell, John M Child, E. & Co Collinson, J. A Croft & Ashby Currie & Power 42 39 39 40 37 40 2 31 40 I 40 37 O I Dallas Hotel 34 Devine, H. T. & Co., Ltd 40 Dominion Stock & Bond Co 34 Dresser, W. W 38-40 Duthie & Wishart 40 Edmonds, W Elliot (Mrs.) J. E. Ellis, W. H Federal Investment Co. Foster & Fisher Franklin, M. H. & Co. George, G. D Goddard, H. & Son ... Goodyear & Matheson Great West Light Co. . Grandy, E. & Son Granville Brokerage Co. Harman & Appleton ... Harrison, Samuel & Co. Haslett & Whitaker Harris & Co., R Henderson, E. & Co. .. Hewlings & Co Hinkson, Siddall & Son Hodgson, ± Holden, William Home Estate Co Howell, Alt. M Humphreys, Madame Imperial Realty Co. Jackson, Jno Kennedy Bros., Ltd. Leather Goods Co Leonard & Reid Leek, George Lougheed & Coates Latimer, Ney & McTavish 41 40 6 40 8-40 40 34 40 41 40 40 40 7 40 40 40 40 40 33 40 4 40 37 25 40 40 31 Merchants Trust & Trading Co., Ltd... 6 Marriot & Fellows 40-43 Maysmith, N. B. & Co., Ltd 37 McLeod, John, & Co lajx cover Mole & Keefer 38 Moncrieff & Co 40 Morgan, E. S 40 Morrison, M. G. & Co 7 McCoy, Dr. Earl T 7 Mutrie & Brown 5 National Finance Co Naden & Co National (The) Real Estate Co. North Coast Land Co "Pantorium" Parker, Chas. L Pattullo & Radford Pemberton & Son Pemberton, C. C Perry-Gordon Mfg. Co. . .. Plimley, Thos Pitman's Business College Philpot & Lang "Portland" (The), Victoria Potter, J. W Rea, C. Arthur Royal Realty Co. Ross & Shaw ... Seabrook, F. H. & Co Semple, S. N Smith Razor Hone Co. ... Smith & Jones Smith & Smith Stanley Park Stables Stevens, John T. Trust Co. i> 7 40 39 34 40 40 6 40 29 37 37 40 40 41 40 40 40 Travelers Hotel Trounce, L. J. . Vancouver Brokerage, Limited Vancouver Trust Co., Ltd. .., 40 27 Walker, Henry M 7 Ward, Burmester & von Graevenitz .. 37 Westcot t & Letts 40 Western Business College 41 Windle, H. Vv 39-40 Woodworkers (The), Limited 39 Yates, The Young & Francey 61 7 rrum njiJTnjTrxnjiruTJTnjann^ H. W. Philpot H. W. Lang % TELEPHONE 6604 PHILPOT & LANG REAL ESTATE TIMBER INSURANCE MONEY TO LOAN Homes in all parts of the <Jity p 1403 DOMINION TRUST BUILDING 5 d Vancouver, IS. C. b OTjxriJxruTjTriJTjTrLru UTnjTnjTjTJTJimiruTJT.ro Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Snow Card Writing Designs and Specifications tor Steel and Concrete Buildings • Drawings tor Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives is not guesswork—It is a scientific pro- \\ ceedure which only a Specialist can \- follow deftly and with certainty. If your < > Eyesight is not what you think it ought *' to be, call and have it tested properly, jjj __________^_________________ M Di\ Earl T* McCoy j Eyesight Specialist X Glasses Fitted \ 65 Fairfield Bldg.,445 Granville St. t ♦ »♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦ | «J».»~»..«..«..«~«..«..»..«..«..«..»««..»..»..»..«..«..«..e««..«..»..«..»..»^J» Phone 953 P. 0. Box 817 f E. CHILD 0 CO. REAL ESTATE Fort George Lands Room 9, 707;< YATES STREET } VICTORIA, B. C. «tn»"«"»"«" i»ii>ii«ii»ii|i PORT MANN IS NOW THE BOOMING PLACE BE WISE AND FOLLOW THE CROWD We can put you on to all the Best Snaps as we know Surrey values If Send for OUR FREE MAP of PORT MANN and Price List of SPECIAL SNAPS M. G. MORRISON &CO. 536 Hastings St. West, Vancouver, B. C. "Telephone a7ao Real Estate Window Designs II IHMCTBil——i—B—^iM■^■^——■ Smart Snappy Original SHOW CARDS Man Designs L. J. TROUNCE SHOW CARD WRITER 1210 Dominion Trust Building: Phone 6748 VANCOUVER, B. C. ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ The" Red Cross" Sanitary Closets X ♦ are Strongly Commended by Physicians ♦ ♦ The "Ajax" Chemical Fire Engine ♦ ♦ The I Simplex" Fire Escape ♦ X are Highly Recommended by Fire Chiefs ^ t Our Aluminium Advertising Novelties ♦ M are Greatly Appreciated by T 55 Live Advertisers T ♦ WE ARE SOLE AGENTS ♦ | R. HARRIS AND COMPANY ♦ ▲ Telephone 656 - - Hall and Lavery Block _^ X NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LaW-BCTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. 6, P. 0. B©X 271 ••«•••$• j G. R. NADEN CO., Ltd. j Prince Rupert, B. C. t Mines, Stocks and Real Estate. Farm Lands ? in the Skeena, Bulkley and Kispiox Valleys ' t l"»"«-»«tM«»»H«»»M«l.».l>lltll».,t1.t.ltntlltllHl«mil|lHl.|lHl «}• Estimates Cheerfully Given Phone 6481 HENRY M. WALKER Contractor for Land Clearing, Stumping, Blasting, Etc. Office, 552 Barnard St., Vancouver, B. C THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IJT EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS BOB Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 OPPORTUNITIES ? Well, Yes. Here's a bunch of them. If you want BIG THINGS we have \ 55 Acres on B* C* Electric near Port Mann* J 60 Acres just back of Port Mann, close in* 27 Acres at South Westminster, close to B* C* E* R* G* N- R- and C N* R- These are great acreage and lot sub-division propositions, with big profits for investors at present prices. Particulars on application. Lots of good smaller acreage and lot propositions where prices are rapidly advancing. Also valuable water frontage near the city, and choice New Westminster City and District property. KENNEDY BROTHERS, LiniTED Successors to Hale Bros. & Kennedy, Limited REAL ESTATE, TIMBER AND INSURANCE | Phone 335 OVER MERCHANTS' BANK, MC\U U/CCTPIIMCTCn O n COR. COLUMBIA AND BEQBIE STREETS 1> C W W CO I 1 UrNO 1 CK, t>. C y THE SOUTH VANCOUVER AND BURNABY SPECIALISTS SOME OF THE MOST DESERABLE SUBURBAN LOTS ARE ON THIS ROUTE CITY LIMITS TO CAR TERMINUS ■WHtttnnnuMtititiMriii /^hoice residential lots. . . .$450 up ^ ar line frontage $40 foot up Goddard & Son.321 Pender Edmonia tfojr .salo Ifjr CLOSE TO EDMUNDS AND MUNICIPAL HALL 66ft. LOTS $350 AND UP FRIDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1910, AT 7.30 35 WORKING MEN'S LOTS with City Water and Electric Light FRIDAY, OCTOBER 19th, 1910 40 INVESTOR'S LOTS on the Westminster Rd. Right in the line of Developments. Buy Near! The Coming f University Suburb IH M $50 Cash Acreage: $1250 Hi per Acre and up "THE PROPERTY MART" P. 0. Box 674 321 PENDER ST. I AUCTIONEERS NOTARIES H VANCOUVER, B.G. S BRANCHE8: CEDAR COTTAGE AND CENTRAL PARK. m THESE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES Vol. n. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C, OCTOBER, 1910. No. 4 A Metropolis in the Making New Westminster, Western Canada's Great and only Fresh Water Port, is a Centre of Opportunities It would need considerable power of expression to adequately describe the great Fraser Valley and its metropolis. The city is so situated that from almost any street is presented a panorama of snow - capped mountains, torrential By Hedley Rogers truly, is the "homeseeker's haven," and an "investor's paradise." "Go West, young man, and grow up with the country," is still live and wise advice in considering the country around New Westminster. The hills and dales of the later re-christened New Westminster by Queen Victoria, after her own birthplace. Fourteen of the original sappers are still alive, and reside in the district, together with a number of old settlers who VIEW OF NEW WESTMINSTER EXHIBITION GROUNDS streams, heavily timbered hills, expansive alluvial plains untouched by industry, yet offering homes for thousands, and fertile islands stationed as sentinels in the mighty Fraser as though endeavouring to thwart its progress toward the long arm of the Pacific ocean, only twelve miles distant, where, in the Gulf of Georgia, the great river completes its seven hundred miles' journey to the sea. The first fruit of an awakening to the facts is a desire to tell the story. The contemplation of myriads of our fellow beings huddled in large cities and in many portions of the Mother Land, prompts one to ask the question, why? when so many millions of virgin acres, overflowing with natural wealth, await the coming of the industrious. Here,- Fraser River, Western Canada's Father of Waters, are ready to bestow bounties upon millions of earnest settlers. The Founders. New Westminster, which now has a population of fifteen thousand, was established over fifty years ago by a contingent of sappers and miners in command of Colonel Moody, sent out by the Imperial Government, at the time of the first discovery of gold on the Fraser River. Colonel Moody, after whom Port Moody is named, mapped out the city as it stands to-day, intending that the town of Sapperton—a corruption of Sappertown—now a suburb of the city, should be the Capital of British Columbia. The name formally chosen for the new city was Queensborough, but was "rounded the Horn" in those same old days, when the white-winged fleets of the sea had not yet yielded the palm to the floating palaces and aquatic greyhounds of to-day. Most of these pioneers are expected to visit New Westminster Exhibition during the first week in October, 1910, as they did the one last year. While sojourning in the important town they founded, how appropriate it would De for them to be given the freedom of the city and entertained as guests of the Civic Fathers. While most of the history of the Fraser River Valley dates from New Westminster's inception, yet the first settlement was made almost one hundred years previously. The first portion of the river occupied was Port Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES I9i0 Langley, where the Hudson's Bay Company established a trading post. They also intended their site to be British Columbia's Capital. Harbor Facilities. The harbor facilities of New Westminster are exceptional. Forty miles of waterfrontage are subsidiary to the city and all the wharves have sixty feet of taken from a salt water harbor, after only thirteen months' use, which is so honeycombed as to take very little strain to break it. As is well known, valuable wharves have been destroyed in four months by teredos. So small are they that they will penetrate a pile through a hole the size of the smallest needle-head, and having once penetrated they develop rapidly, eating away the wood and be- FRASER RIVER BRIDGE| «*■££ water. Even at the mouth of the river, without harbor improvements, the shallowest place is twenty-five feet deep. With veryjittle expenditure on training- walls and dredges, at present contemplated by the Provincial and Federal Governments, the shallow place referred to can easily be deepened sufficiently to admit the largest ships. A dredge costing a quarter of a million dollars is already in operation and a million dollars more has been appropriated for this work by the Dominion Government. The fresh water gives the harbor one of its most interesting and valuable characteristics. While only twelve miles from the sea, the mighty volume of water flowing for seven hundred miles from the Rocky Mountains renders the river so fresh and cool that all barnacles and other devastating molluscs of the sea are cleansed from the bottom of the ships in a few hours, thus saving large sums in dry-docking and scraping. Also in wharf construction and the building of warehouses, New Westminster harbor enjoys a freedom from such pests as the teredos or ship worms, which are parasites notorious for the destruction they cause by perforating submerged wood. The "New Westminster Courier," quoting Mr. W. A. Gilley, an expert on this subject, says that specimens of piles taken from the Fraser on view in Mr. Gilley's office, show these piles to be as good as when sunk beneath the waters nearly a quarter of a century ago. Beside them on exhibition, is a sample coming as large as a man's finger, with the appearance of a fresh-water clam. Nothing so far has been discovered capable of giving immunity from the attacks of this salt-water scourge, and therefore the site of his wharves and warehouse's, becomes a vital question for the shipper and merchant. He cannot afford to overlook the advantages of wharfage in a deep fresh-water harbor like that of New Westminster. Industries. It is difficult to name the most important industry in the New Westminster district. Fishing, lumbering, manufacturing, fruit growing, horticulture, and the larger phases of agriculture, are all of great importance. Fishing. The world-wide fame achieved by the Fraser River salmon perhaps justifies primarily mention of the fish industry. At the numerous canneries at New Westminster and adjoining towns, salmon packing has become a fine art. The commercial fishing for rainbow market trout, halibut, and sturgeon are hardly less important industries. Lumbering. The available lumbering timber in the Fraser River district is three billion feet. In one year the mills at and near the city cut thirty million feet of lumber, exclusive of laths and shingles. One mill alone cuts as many as three hundred and forty thousand feet in a ten-hour day. Naturally, with raw material of such immensity and with excellent transportation facilities, extensive allied industries have developed. Agriculture. The New Westminster country has been correctly called the agricultural centre of British Columbia. The equable and moist climate, resulting from the balmy influences of the Japan current, and the exceptionally fertile alluvial flats and islands and sloping highland forest- lands with a southern exposure along the river, together create ideal conditions for the propagation of various kinds of farm produce, also for dairy and poultry farming and stock raising. With proper care, excellent crops of wheat, oats, hops, most kinds of vegetables, peaches, apples, apricots, and berries, may be secured. The New Westminster district covers an area of five mil- A CATCH OF FRASER RIVER SALMON 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 11 lion acres, and at least one million acres is rich agricultural land. The British Columbia Investor gives the following particulars as obtained from a Delta, New Westminster district, farmer: In 1907, from one and three- quarter acres of onions, eighteen tons were sold, netting $1,080; in 1908, from one and one-quarter acres sixteen tons were raised and sold for $960. In 1908 seven acres of land produced fifty-six and one-half tons of potatoes, the lowest price realized was $30 a ton. On the next farm the crop was twenty-four tons to the acre, selling at $25 per ton. Sixty acres of oats yielded one hundred and fifteen bushels an acre. This is by no means an uncommon yield. In Surrey, Mr. Wickersham raised one hundred and fourteen tons of turnips per acre, for which he realized $6 per ton. Mr. Pearson, of New Westminster, gives the following: items of interest to the the men in this valley," said W. J. Kerr, "who have 'push,' 'go,' 'ginger,' 'savvy,' men who will go to it and hustle as they never hustled before to achieve a man's position, to have their own roof over their heads and be able to stroll a few minutes around their domiciles without being on some other fellow's land. Incomes of $3,000 a year up await such men according to the amount of land they will tackle. Have you the above qualities?" Market for the Small Farmer. Though many large cities are within a few hours' travel, yet in New Westminster an excellent market is afforded the producer. A well equipped modern city market is owned by the municipality. On Friday all roads lead to this excellent institution. Before dawn on market days all the trains, and steamboats, and hundreds of wagons and buggies are crowded with farmers, fruit growers, and Sport and Athletics. To assure the development of a sturdy race mentally and physically, it is well recognized in New Westminster that work must not be made a drudgery.. In the now famous and beautiful Queen's Park and other grounds of recreation, there are ample facilities for healthful sports. Here is the home of the lacrosse team, which for two years has held the championship of the world. It is stated that no other game requires more self- control, fertilitiy of mind, and quickr- cf the eye and body. Shooting, boatinrr and fishing are unexcelled. Pheasants, grouse, English partridge, ducks and snipe abound. Also are to be found deer, bears, wildcat, beaver and mink. Life Out Doors. For summer campers ideal conditions prevail. For those who prefer the fresh ""water, there are, along the banks of the NEW WESTMINSTER FROM THE HARBOR fruit grower: A Spy apple tree yields from $15 to $25 a year. One man alone shipped forty thousand pounds of rhubarb to the North-West at two cents a pound, which gave him a yield of over $1,000 per acre. Early vegtables are far short of the demand, and are marketable from one to two months earlier in the Fraser Valley than in any other part of Canada. The Haven of the Homeseeker. For the man with small means there are excellent opportunities in this district to emancipate himself and family from the thraldom of thickly populated Centres, where nothing but starvation wages prevail. The opportunities and the kind of men needed are well described in an article taken from the New Westminster Courier, as follows: "We need produce dealers "bringing in their sheaves." Many have held their stands for years. Here the producer and the consumer get together for their mutual good. Education. In the public schools, colleges and seminaries of high repute, the New Westminster district is well equipped. This year one college has ninety-four resident students, with a faculty of ten professors. While Mayor Lee and other officials of the Board of Trade have made a strong fight for the location of the University of British Columbia in New Westminster, they have also, regardless of the ultimate location of the University, vigorously recommended that provision be made for advanced study in forestry, mining, music, horticulture and fish culture. Fraser and its tributaries, the Pitt, the Stave and smaller streams, beautiful camping grounds, with the giant pines, cedars and firs overhead and rapid streams at one's feet. For those who would rather inhale the balmy breezes of the Pacific and bathe in the salt waters of the Gulf of Georgia, a journey of only seven miles is necessary. With oyster beds close by, Blackie Spit, White Rock Beach, arid Boundary Bay vie with each other as pleasure resorts. Opportunities for the Investor and Manufacturer. A return to cold facts of interest to capitalists is necessary. Although $55,- 000,000 of gold has been mined from the Fraser Valley, the mineral wealth i-^ merely scratched. In the selection of shipping and industrial -ites there is Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 every opportunity to get in on the ground floor. For the manufacture of everything from a needle to a battleship, every facility is at hand. Palatial river boats ply regularly up and down the Fraser and its tributaries. Ocean vessels from all parts of the world have easy access, making practical connections with several transcontinental railroads. The Canadian Northern Railway Company have selected on the shores of the river opposite New Westminster, and connected with the city by a million dollar double-decked steel bridge, the townsite of Port Mann for their transcontinental terminal. Hundreds of men are busy performing the initial work of building what will soon be a magnificent shipping port, where a colossal trade will be developed with Asia, and with the vast and wealthy continent and islands of the Antipodes. Good Citizenship. Like most communities, New Westminster has had conflicts in her public British Columbia. With his staff of assistants he has everything in readiness for the forty-fourth annual exhibition of the Society to be opened at Queen's Park on the 4th of October, 1910. This exhibition is expected to eclipse all that have preceded it. Mayor John A. Lee is a merchant of long standing and high reputation. He is at present head of Lees, Ltd., a wholesale and retail furniture house. In politics he is a Conservative. Having been recognized by the party for years as a man of ability, he was eventually elected president of the local association. As vice-president and later president of the Board of Trade he did much for the commercial and general interests of the people. In his high office of chief magistrate he has proved himself a strong man and a capable administrator. His opposition to the Coquitlam dam will last only until he is assured of the maintenance of the purity of the city water supply,, and the absolute security of life the resources of nature for civilization. They are seeking the first requisites, namely, men and money. Mr. Stuart- Wade's pioneer experience on a journey overland into the Yukon by the Edmonton route during the first rush into the Klondike as a travelling correspondent; as immigration commissioner for British settlers in Alberta; and for five years as a magistrate at Edmonton, besides many years of public work in England, has well prepared him for the splendid work he is doing in the interest of New Westminster and the Fraser Valley generally. One of his chief achievenients was the establishment of an association of Boards of Trade of the various municipalities of the Fraser Valley. Soon after his appointment to the secretaryship of "the New Westminster Board of Trade in March, 1909, he announced his desire to make a greater New Westminster by associating the city with the surrounding district and by identifying the interests of the entire Fraser Valley with those of New Westminster. As a result, boards 4- 1 W^s^^^f^ Sfawte organizations. But these, as is often the case, have been conducive to the public good. The writer regrets a lack of personal acquaintance with most of the men whose good citizenship has accomplished so much for the advancement of the community. Suffice it to say that an acquaintance with a few, who are now before the public, is enough to convince one that the city possesses men of industry and integrity, who should command the respect, assistance and gratitude of all good citizens. The fact that W. H. Keary has been elected eight times to the highest office is sufficient evidence that he has done much in the years that have passed, that the voters have been appreciative and have given honor to whom honor is due. While having given place to a younger man, Mr. Keary is still honored with the management of one of the most important public organizations, namely, The Royal Agricultural and Industrial Society of NEW WESTMINSTER SHIPPING from such a structure as a dam rising to a height of 75 feet. New Westminster's Publicity Commissioner. New Westminster was fortunate in securing as publicity commissioner and also as the secretary of the Board of Trade, Charles Henry Stuart-Wade, F. R. G. S., J. P. In view of the increased activity of publicity organizations in Western Canada and the approaching completion of the Panama Canal, our friends to the south are feverishly strengthening their publicity campaigns. With millions of money they are flooding the world with literature, intending to stop the great flow of capital and people in our direction. Our own publicity men need encouragement and support. They are our salesmen. Of what use are our natural resources if we are unable to procure means to develop them? Publicity men form the vanguard in the army of men and women who are developing of trade were formed by him in the municipalities of Surrey, Richmond- Point Grey, Maple Ridge, Matsqui- Sumas, Delta, Burnaby, South Vancouver, Mission, Chilliwack City, Lang- ley and Coquitlam. The area is sixty miles long and approximately sixteen miles wide. Each of these boards has achieved valuable results, important to the district which they cover, in the way of reduction of freight and passenger rates, improvement of roads, and various other matters. The success attained locally has inspired Secretary Stuart-Wade to bring closer the association of the various districts. A plan has been submitted by him to each municipality mentioned for the formation of a New Westminster and Fraser Valley Development Federation, which will not be confined or restricted to membership in any board of trade but will be open to all individuals and associations. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 13 The Horse Triumphant A Great Breeding Industry is Starting in British Columbia, Which has the Finest Horse Show in Canada ^ By Samuel L. Howe, President Vancouver Horse Show Association One of the most significant factors in British Columbia life is the horse. The rise of our equine friend to his present conspicuous position in the Province bespeaks the prosperity of our people, and their zest for wholesome outdoor life. every authority to be superior to all others in Canada, and to all in the United States, with the single exception of the autumn horse show at Madison Square Garden in New York City. In one respect even the New York show MISS TREGENT ON TRIXIE More than this, the horse presents a rich opportunity for the development of a British Columbia breeding industry which has already had such an auspicious beginning that it gives high promise of becoming celebrated throughout the world. This promise, which is practically sure of realization, is based upon ideal conditions for breeding here, and upon a remarkable enthusiasm for the horse— an enthusiasrii which has received striking manifestations at the Vancouver Horse Shows. At the last show, held in April, it will be remembered that citizens of Vancouver and visitors were so eager to obtain boxes, at $65 each, before the opening of the sale, some of these prospective purchasers waited all night on the line before the ticket office in order that they might be sure of obtaining a box before all were taken. This public support, combined with the zealous Work of the directors of the Horse Show Association, resulted in an exhibition which may be regarded as almost a miracle of achievement. Though it was only the third horse show ever held here, it was declared by was surpassed. We had more classes of horses entered. While the general average in quality was slightly superior at Madison Square Garden, it must not be forgotten that the show there has been a national institution in the United States for many years, has an immense territory to draw upon for its horses, and is backed by a great many millions of dollars. In view of these facts the nearly equal merit of a show in its third year may be considered little short of phenpmenal. The rapidity of this development is unprecedented in the history of horse shows, and marks British Columbia, potentially, as the greatest horse country in the world. While the Vancouver show is naturally larger and more complete than those in other sections of the Province, the exhibitions at Victoria, New Westminster, North Vancouver, and other centres are doing much to foster the British Columbia horse. I believe that within ten or fifteen years this Province will become a more important horse breeding centre than any other part of the North American Continent, and will even outstrip England and Scotland in this important industry. Instead of importing $60,000 worth of high bred horses, as we have done within a year, we will export animals of the best classes. While our horse shows advance the social spirit, and are a source of keen pleasure both to the exhibitor and the spectator, the basic reason for the existence of these exhibitions may be found in the stimulus they give to breeding. The ring is a centre of friendly rivalry A SHETLAND PONY TURNOUT Page /4 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 THE UNBEATEN CHAMPION HEAVY DRAUGHT TEAM OF ALL CANADA and competition. The horseman notes carefully the points of an animal which wins a blue ribbon, and in his own horses endeavors to duplicate the features which have been pronounced by the judges to be most desirable in horse flesh. Thus the general standard is improved. In addition to the stimulus of the enthusiasm of the public and the rivalry of the exhibitors, our association gives the very practical encouragement of cash prizes. Some of the owners have won so many cups and other trophies that they hardly know what to do with them. They welcome a change in the form of prize, and naturally have no objection, no matter how well to do they may be, to any partial return that may be forthcoming from their heavy expenditures for their horses. At the last show money prizes amounting to $8,000, of which $3,000 went to breeders, were given, and proved a distinct incentive to horse owners. Another factor which has played a considerable part in the success, of the Vancouver show is seen in the.3rhorse show building, which is the result of very careful planning on the part of architects and the directors of the association, and is one of the most attractive, e and conveniently arranged structures of its kind on the Continent. These various elements have given horse breeding in the Province the impetus which is resulting in a- steady development toward the great future I have already indicated. But horse shows and the enthusiasm of the people would avail but little without the right conditions for breeding. In many parts of British Columbia, and particularly on Vancouver Island, the conditions leave nothing to be desired. There are wide ranges, a great abundance of rich grass, and a climate so mild that for the greater part of the year horses can be left out of doors, and thus be given the benefit of the free exercise and bracing atmosphere which are so conducive to full growth and high spirits in a horse. Moreover, the fact that the breeder can let his animals roam through big pastures and feed where they will for so much of the time, makes breeding here more economical than it is in many other sections. Thus it is that the British Columbia breeding industry, while yet in its infancy, is developing so auspiciously that in a very few years our breeders will be able to supply not only the steadily growing home demand for fine horses, but will have plenty left for export to the various parts of the Continent, where the British Columbia horse will be regarded as the best of his kind. -Breeders here are giving much atten- CLOVER LEAF AND FILLY, OWNED BY W. S. HOLLAND 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Rage 15 Canada's Great Horse Show IMPORTED HACKNEY MARE tion to the hackney, and I am confident that the British Columbia breed of this splendid animal will become far famed. This is likewise true of the thoroughbred, which, as a saddle horse, gives our horsemen and horsewomen so much pleasure on the beautiful roads of Vancouver, Victoria and other cities. The standard bred animal and other horses of the best classes will also be developed here to a high degree of excellence. A special word must be said for the draught horse, which has already done much for the reputation of British Columbia animals. As is well known, a team of this type which has won the blue ribbon throughout Canada may be seen daily in Vancouver streets. The draught horse is commanding great attention on the part of breeders because of the prominence it has already obtained in this vicinity, and because breeding of fine horses for heavy work is highly profitable. In conclusion I may say that the British Columbia horse stands for remarkable achievements and for even greater promise. His high place in the estimation of the people of the Province is COMOX AND NELSON, OWNED BY W. S. HOLLAND partly due, perhaps, to the fact that his physical beauty and fine energy are in a sense representative of the eager British Columbia spirit. — — v y f;: • For Port Mann snaps see M. G. Morrison & Co., 536 Hastings Street west, or phone 6730. That successful institutions are a product of slow growth, would seem to be disproved by the remarkable achievements of the Vancouver Horse Show Association within the brief period of three years. Yet the seeds were sown long before the Association was born. They were planted many years ago, when horsemen of New Westminster established the first horse show in the Province. Little by little, by shows in various sections which have increased the interest in the horse, the enthusiasm for this friend of man has been developed until it has born impressive fruit in the Vancouver shows. These by no means are local to Vancouver. Their remarkable success is due to a general movement throughout the Province. They are representative of the progress more earnest. A chance idea and a chance remark had begun to blossom into an institution, which, as it has developed, has already given keen pleasure to many thousands of people, has become famous among owners of horses of high class on this Continent, has put manifold activities into motion, and promises, in the impetus it has given to horse breeding, the establishment of an industry which will become celebrated everywhere. When the small group of horsemen at the Burnaby fair formulated the plan for a horse show in Vancouver, it was too late for an exhibition that season, but on the tenth of March, 1908, in the Drill Hall, Vancouver's first horse show was opened to the public. Compared with the two exhibitions which followed, it was, of course, a A LILIPUTIAN of all British Columbia in her forward strides toward great achievement in many directions. The specific beginning of the Vancouver Horse Show Association was a small one. Its time was early in October, three years ago, and its place was the agricultural fair of the Richmond Municipality at Burnaby. A party of horse enthusiasts of Vancouver went to this fair for a little outing in the country. They were without thought of anything more important than the enjoyment of a picnic. But the horse program at the exhibition caused a seedling idea to sprout in the mind of one of them. "It would be a good thing," he remarked causally, "to have a horse show in Vancouver." It would be an excellent thing, the others agreed, and then and there a discussion of ways and means began. As the talk went on it became more and EQUIPAGE meager show, but it aroused the enthusiasm of the crowds that thronged the hall. It brought to light more strongly than ever before the wonderful interest in the horse in the Province. It seemed to be just the kind of robust recreation the public most desired, and was so successful in all respects that the prime movers in the project realized that the only thing to do was to establish an annual horse show, and to organize a horse show association. This was done during the early summer of 1908, and the original directors were: H. W. Kent, A. L. Russell, W. S. Holland, C. R. Gilbert and Thos. Tees. At the first meeting S. L. Howe was elected president of the Association, and because he enjoys the confidence of all the horsemen in the Province he has since held this office. The question of funds for a building Page 16' OPPORTUNITIES 1910 and other expenses was now taken up. The City Council was asked to vote one thousand dollars for this purpose, and finally made an appropriation of seven hundred and fifty dollars. It had been decided, however, that ten thousand dollars would be needed. Pessimists began to loom up, doubtful persons who declared that it would be impossible to raise ten thousand dollars for a horse show building. "I'll prove that you are wrong," said Mr. W. S. Holland, with characteristic vigor. In two afternoons he obtained pledges for nearly six thousand dollars. Illustrating the old adage that nothing succeeds like success, things began to move. Men who had hesitated now affixed their signatures to agreements to subscribe for stock. The. sum determined upon was obtained with a promptness which astonished the lethargic and sceptical ones who had gone amiss in their appraisal of the British Columbia spirit. The association was now in a position to consider the matter of a building. The expected when high-bred horses are on parade before society. The people of Vancouver and visitors to the city gave vent to expressions of admiration. They realized that the proudest horses on the continent had at last a true setting in Vancouver for their grace and beauty, that society had acquired a new function of much importance, that Vancouver, with the annual show in this building, would make big strides toward that fashionable aplomb which lends sparkle to metropolitan social life. •Those who had ever been in Madison Square Garden in New York City during the brilliant horse show week, noted a similarity in the gay atmosphere of the Vancouver show. Fashion was much in evidence, but unlike the state of affairs so conspicuous in the New York shows, the fair ladies in beautiful costumes did not obscure the horse. There is too sincere an interest in him here, and the spirit of British Columbia is too virile for any such perversion of the true purpose, of horse shows. Yet not to be A VANCOUVER TANDEM IN ACTION architects were asked to submit plans, and night after night for nearly six months the directors' discussed and amended these. At last the award was made. But in the meantime financial support for the movement had become so strong that instead of a light shed costing ten thousand dollars, the adopted plan called for an edifice involving an expenditure of between fifty and sixty thousand dollars. The first spadeful of earth was turned on January ist, 1909, and construction was pushed with increasing speed as the time approached for the horse show in April. A day or two before the opening the building was still without a roof, but the carpenters worked all night, and. when the doors were thrown open for the second annual show, the people who thronged in saw a spacious interior, containing many tiers of seats and a big arena over which hung hundreds of brilliant flags. The whole aspect was one of the gaiety and smartness which is seen at the Vancouver show was to argue yourself socially unknown. This exhibition was so great that it is proper to name the gentlemen who were chiefly responsible for it. They were: S. L. Howe, D. Burns, Victor Spencer, H. S. Rolston, H. W. Kent, W. S. Holland, Thos. Tees, E. R. Ricketts, T. L. Smith, D. C. McGregor, James Fullerton, F. S. Tingley, A. L. Russell, C. R. Gilbert, and Charles Lewis. As the time for the horse show last April approached the public became more and more keen in their anticipation. Vancouver took on a distinctively horse show atmosphere. Gay flags and bunting appeared in shop windows. The horse, for the time, was king. On the evening before the opening of the show, a crowd assembled outside of the horse show building, and many persons waited throughout the night on a line before the ticket office, so determined were they to obtain boxes before all were taken. With the growth of the population of British Columbia, and the spread of the fame of the Vancouver Horse Show, the exhibition scheduled for next April will be even finer than those already held, and even greater will be the desire to see and be seen as the horses go through their paces beneath the gayly festooried flags. In the meantime the Assodta-gbn will hold the regular annual meeting in November of this year. There will be a few changes in the personnel of officers and directors. Since these are the gentlemen to whose efforts is due the remarkable success of the Vancouver shows, and who are also representative horsemen of British Columbia, it is interesting to name them. They are: President. S. L. Howe; first vice-president, H. W. Kent; second vice-president, D. C. McGregor; treasurer, Chas. R. Gilbert; managing director, D. Thos. Tees; directors, D. Burns, J. A. Fullerton, E. R. Ricketts, E. W. Rounsefell, J. A. Russell, J. G. Woods, A. H. Wallbridge, F. C. Tingley, Victor Spencer, T. J. Smith, honorary vice-presidents: H. Abbott, Vancouver, B. C; W. A. Anderson, Agassiz, B. C; J. S. Baker, Tacoma, Wash.; H. Bonsall, Chemainus, B. C; Dr. Boyce, Kelowna, B. C; John W. Considine, Seattle, Wash.; A. L. Coote, Chilliwack, B. C.; A. M. Cronin, president Hunt Club, Portland, Ore.; Harry Corbett, Portland, Ore.; Alex. Davies, Ladner, B. C.; C. S. Douglas, Vancouver, B. C; Hon. Price Ellison, M. P. P., Vernon, B. C; A. Evans, Chilliwack, B. C; J. D. Farrell, Seattle, Wash.; G. V. Fraser, Chilliwack, B. C; D. E. Frederick, Seattle, Wash.; Archie R. Galbraith, Greenacres, Wash.; G. E. Goddard, Cochrane, Alta.; J. B. Graves, Douglas Lake, B. C.; Thos. Griffiths, Spokane, Wash.; Geo. H. Hadwin, Duncan, B. C; J. R. Hull, Kamloops, B. C; Frank Jackson, Quilichena, B. C; Andrew Laidlaw, Spokane, Wash.; F. W. Leadbetter, Portland, Ore.; J. A. Mitchell, Victoria, B. C; Duncan Montgomery, Port Gui- chon, B. C; T. S. McGrath, Portland, Ore.; D. E. McKay, Eburne, B. C; S. R. Oneal, Vancouver, B. C; A. D. Pater- son, Ladner, B. C; F. S. Roper, Cherry Creek, B. C; Geo. Sangster, Sidney, B. C; S. H. Shannon, Cloverdale, B. C.; L. W. Shatford, M. P. P., Penticton, B. C; J. J. Sparrow, Abbottsford, B. C; Joseph Steves, Steveston, B. C.; Joseph Tam- boline, Westham Island, B. C; Louis D. Taylor, Mayor of Vancouver, B. C; W. J. Taylor, Victoria, B. C; S. Tingley, Ashcroft, B. C; Joseph Thompson, Sardis, B. C.; T. J. Trapp, New Westminster, B. C.; H. W. Treat, Seattle, Wash.; H. M. Vasey, Kamloops, 3. C, Captain Watson, 108-mile House, Cariboo, B. C; Ed. A. Wells, Chilliwack, B. C; A. Welsh, New Westminster, B. C; Irving H. Wheatcroft, Providence, Ky.; J. H. Wilkinson, Chilliwack, B. C; Claude Wilson, Chilcoten, B. C. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 Women's Work for the Common Good The Women's Councils are Doing Much to Promote Social Progress in British Columbia and the Dominion By Alice Townley Perhaps in no particular is the tendency to a wider outlook on the part of women shown more strikingly than in the evolution of those columns in publications devoted to reading matter especially intended to interest women. "Of Interest to Women," a few years ago usually entitled a page wherein a reader might confidently expect to find articles dealing with frills and fashions, manicuring and hairdressing—manifold and curious directions regarding the beautifying and preserving of face and figure, odds and ends of cooking recipes, advice on the care of children, various domestic problems—and these alone. To-day the editor—even the office boy —recognizes the fact that while these alluring topics perrennially retain their hold on minds feminine, added to them must be discussion of those problems of the day, those social reforms, those conditions of life that are of national interest. The desire to be beautiful physically is very properly one of the fundamental characteristics of woman's nature; Beauty of person and charm of manner are instinctively and often unconsciously recognized by the sex as powers to hold and sway, attributes not to be lightly relinquished, allies to be cultivated and retained to the last. May they never be carelessly held nor relinquished unnecessarily. The intelligent woman realizes that these gifts, rightly used, are most potent factors in the sum of that in fluence she would fain bring to bear in righting the wrongs of the weak; in assisting towards the removal of the sordid and selfish considerations of a section of mankind, which her less clouded vision sees blocking the progress of But though cooking and the management of a household are an important part of woman's province, the broad-minded woman does not let the four walls of her house limit her horizon. She no longer prides herself in being spoken of as a SEWING ROOM IN VANCOUVER SCHOOL those great ethical movements that make for the bettering of humanity—for the cleansing of the blots and blurs that soil the pages of the social and public life of to-day. The sacredness of the home, the importance of home-making and home influence has perhaps never before been so clearly understood by woman as to-day. THE KIND OF SCHOOL WORK PROMOTED BY WOMEN'S OQUNC model wife and mother who is so concerned in the perfect running of her own home that she has neither time nor inclination to look beyond the confines of her narrow circle. While caring for the physical comfort and moral training of her children, she yet looks out into the wide world and considers the conditions her girls will have to face when her motherly protection fails them, the temptations and lures that will beset her boys when they pass from her control and go out to make their way. She sees that the very foundations of the home rest upon the conditions of society, and she is eagerly and earnestly desirous of doing her part in helping to improve those conditions. The home and the nation can have no diversity of interests. While individual efforts along these lines have always been made by men and women of late years, the benefits of organization have become more generally understood. The National Council of Women of Canada, for instance, whose Provincial Conference was held in Vancouver in September, exemplifies the idea that the more intimate knowledge of one another's aspirations and work results in larger mutual sympathy, greater unity of thought, and therefore in more effective action. Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 It may be as well to repeat here for the benefit of those unacquainted with the aims and work of the Council of Women that this organization is a federation of associations of women which are working in any way for the common welfare of the community. Its executive is composed of representatives of each affiliated society. It is a means of communication and of common action between women's organizations in the various countries, twenty-two in number, where national councils exist. Every five years an International Council is held- — the quinquennial—to which each country may send ten delegates. At this International Council—held in Canada last year, and one of the best advertisements we could have had—the work of the preceding five years is reported on, resolutions sent in by various National Councils are discussed, and the further policy decided upon. The Council is in fact a parliament of women, where the representatives vote upon any measure that comes up, according to the instructions of the societies that sent them there. It is not organized in the interest of any one society or work, and has no power over the organizations which constitute it, beyond that of suggestion and sympathy. Therefore no society entering this Council is interfered with in respect to its complete organic unity, independence, or methods of work, nor is it committed to any principle or method of any other society. "Do unto others as you would that they should do unto you," is the motto of the Council. Its members are banded together in large tolerance, broad unity —working for the highest good of the family and of the State, and endeavoring as occasion may arise, to apply the Golden Rule to society, custom, and law. In this way women interested in philanthropy, art, and social reform, meet as a solid co-operative body, and when they determine to initiate some good work or urge needed reform, the matter is far on the way to accomplishment. For instance: many years ago by bringing to the attention of the public deplorable and unnecessary loss of life through the ravages of consumption, the Council was instrumental in organizing a crusade against that evil. All the antituberculosis societies in the world to-day are the direct result of the efforts of pioneer women to stamp out that fell disease. The standing committee on health is always actively engaged in combatting detrimental conditions. Such subjects as pure milk, pure food, pure water supplies, better sanitation and housing of the poor, demand and receive constant attention. The treatment and care of dependent and destitute women and children, the consideration of preventable causes of insanity, the urging of prison reforms and needed alterations in the laws, are some of the subjects engaging attention. From the efforts of the Council of Women have directly come the Juvenile Courts, the system of Associated Charities, the Victorian Order of Nurses, Aberdeen Associations, Domestic Science and Manual Training in the public schools, and the vigilance of one of its standing committees has succeeded in having tons of impure literature, that had been brought into the country for immoral purposes, destroyed. It would be difficult to find any sane and charitable work within their province, that the Council of Women is not instrumental in forwarding. The Vancouver Local Council of Women One of the most progressive women's organizations on the Continent is the Vancouver Local Council of the National Council of Women Comrades. The local council is an affiliation of forty different women's societies in Vancouver and represents thousands of women in ilization much depends upon beginnings in the right direction, and feel that here in British Columbia is one of the greatest opportunities women have ever had to shape affairs towards the best ends for the home, the young, and social life in general. SCHOOL GIRLS AT CLASS EXERCISE their aims and progressive works for the improvement of social and industrial conditions. ,Women of many sects are members of this council. On many questions their view points are different, but they are all united in a strong desire to lend the potent weight of woman's influence to every movement which promotes the legitimate opportunities of the individual, and makes life in Vancouver and British Columbia more healthful and more replete with satisfaction and contentment. They realize that in a region opened recently to highly developed civ- The feeling that there is much to do, and much that can be done more successfully by the women than by the men, pervades of course, all the Local Councils of the Province, and is prompting a united activity in women's works which is more pronounced here than in most of the other sections of the Continent, and which will result in enduring good. Besides Vancouver, Victoria, New Westminster, Nelson, Vernon, North Vancouver, Nanaimo, and Revelstoke all have Local Councils, and there are plans for still others in the Province, all of WORK IN A PUBLIC SCHOOL LABORATORY 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 them are welding public spirited women of many societies into a single force for the accomplishment of various progressive purposes. At the recent meeting of their representatives in the second Provincial Conference in Vancouver there were discussions of such questions as laws affecting women and children, citizenship, public health, and technical education. The work of the Vancouver Council is typical. One of its chief interests is education. The valuable courses in manual training and domestic science in the* public schools are largely the product of the activity and influence of women of this community, who, however, are by no means content with this achievement. They are now working for a great trades school which will be open at certain hours during the day for the pupils of the public schools, and at night for boys and girls who are compelled to earn their own living. The purposes of this school are to supplement the practical courses already established and to widen the opportunities for that special training which will supply young men and women with a dependable means of livelihood, and will also supply the steadily growing demand among British Columbia manufacturers for skilled employees. Other vital matters which are engaging the attention of the Local Councils of the Province are immigration, the importation of girls for immoral purposes, child labor, and the public health as it is affected by impure milk and careless and unsanitary customs among the ignorant. In the words of Mrs. Mc- Naughton, president of the Vancouver Local Council, "the women of British Columbia, as represented in the Councils, are endeavoring to do many things with quiet earnestness, as women's work should be done. It is our aim to foster all that is good and true and pure in womanhood, and in manhood." A Women's Exhibition on Vancouver Island By Ernest McGaffey The agricultural and horticultural possibilities of the districts close to Victoria were never better exemplified than in the exhibition given under the auspices" of The Ladies' Institute of Metchosin and Colwood on September 20th and 21st. It was a revelation even to those who knew these flourishing districts) well. The arrangement of displays was extremely tasteful, and the variety and excellence of the exhibits in the various departments occasioned the most en- class could have been shown anywhere. Among other kinds to be noticed were Duchess of Oldenburg, Gravenstein, Alexander, Maiden's Blush, Pippin Cellini, Wealthy, Blenheim Orange, Yellow Bell Flower, Lemon Pippin, King of Tomkins, Ribstone Pippin, Winter Banana, Rhode Island Greening, Baldwin, Northern Spy, Spitzenburg, Golden Russet, Ben Davis, Canada Red, Stark, Salome, Fallowater, and several varieties besides. The Goddess Pomona GROUP AT THE WOMEN'S FAIR ON VANCOUVER ISLAND thusiastic comments from the large crowds in attendance. If there was one particular line of display which attracted the most attention it was the exhibit of fruit and in the way of individual excellence the apple was king. It is safe to say that no greater variety of equal would have blushed with as deep a delight as mantled the rosy fruit itself, if she could have entered the hall where her orchard treasures held such sway. In size, coloring, and flavor the Metcho- sin-Colwood apples cannot be excelled, and indeed, rarely equalled. The display of pears, plums, prunes, peaches, crab apples, quinces and apricots was also notable for its variety and high class, while logan-berries and blackberries rounded out what was undoubtedly a really wonderful exhibit of fruit. The showing of grain, oats, wheat, rye, and the exhibits of various grasses, clover, timothy, orchard grass, vetches, peas, forage plants in general, and hops, fodder corn, etc., was especially creditable, and showed the magnificent possibilities of the districts as dairying centres, as well as fruit-growing districts. The exhibit of vegetables and roots was a splendid one, and demonstrated in an unanswerable way the quality and size of the garden produce which could be raised in the districts. The women's exhibit of bread, pastry, home-made candy, etc., was a large and toothsome one, and the "Oh's" and "Ah's" of the visitors showed that only a stern sense of moral rectitude kept them from sampling the various dainties so temptingly displayed. To make and bake pie-crust properly, is to be a gen-<. ius. In what Kipling described as "the Great Pie Belt" of the United States, it is claimed that soggy pie-crust is responsible for half the crime committed there.' If the unhappy sojourners ir. those most unhappy parts knew half the magic which lies tucked away in the flaky folds of a Metchosin-Colwood piecrust, what a blessing they would encompass. The Duke of Clarence in an ecstatic moment devoutly wished to end his days by being drowned in a butt of Malmsey, but a better, and a longer- drawn-out method would be by being smothered under a cloud of delicious Metchosin-Colwood pies. A very fine exhibit of women's work in the line of needle-work and knit garments and rugs was shown, and some work in oils and water-colors which bespoke the born artist. In every way possible the Exhibition was a triumph for the ladies; for the few men allowed about the premises were only permitted by special dispensation to act as mere hewers of wood and bearers of water—to say nothing of washers of dishes. The Exhibition was opened by Mrs. Henry Croft. Honorable W. J. Bowser, Minister of Agriculture, made a brief opening address which was liberally applauded. Many prominent visitors were present, among them J. S. H. Matson and Mrs. Matson, Hon. H. Dallas Helmcken, K. C, Dr. A. T. Watt, Hon. W. J. Bowser, W. E. Scott, Mrs. Pooley, Hon. John Jardine, M. P.; Mrs. Bampfylde-Daniell, and a large number of others from Victoria and elsewhere. The Exhibition closed with an eloquent address by Hon. H. Dallas Helmcken, and the singing of the National Anthem. Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Protection and Industry The most important convention of the year in Canada was the recent one in Vancouver of the Canadian Manufacturers' Association. This body of progressive men gives its attention not alone to matters which have to do specifically with manufacturing, but also to agriculture, colonization, transportation, irrigation, political conditions, insurance, technical education, to all interests, in brief, which have an influence upon the development of the Dominion. It might fittingly be called, if its whole scope were suggested in its title, the Canadian Progress and Prosperity Association. Matters of vital importance to Canada were ably discussed at the Vancouver convention. The chief of these was the question of protection for Canadian products, a question which has recently been brought conspicuously to the front by an agitation on the part of Alberta agriculturists for a letting down of the tariff bars, particularly between Canada and The United States, on a reciprocity basis. The opinions on protection expressed by President John Hendry in his address to the delegates were endorsed by the Association as a whole. Some of the most salient of these opinions are as follows: "As an association of Canadian manufacturers, it is- our proud boast that we stand first, last and all the time for the inviolability of the British preference. We maintain, of course, that under all circumstances the minimum tariff should be so framed as to afford adequate protection to legitimate native industry, in order that we may the more effectually transfer to Canadian workshops much of the manufactures that we now procure abroad. We recognize, however, that for some of our requirements we must always be dependent on outside sources of supplies, and it is with a view to directing this business largely as may be into imperial channels, 'that we declare .ourselves in favor of a substantial preference to the Mother Country and to our sister colonies. ******** "Canada to-day stands in no need of reciprocity with the United States. Forced by their policy of rigid isolation to look elsewhere for markets, we have cast about us and have found those markets. Some of them we have built for ourselves with a protective tariff, by means of which we have provided ourselves with a population of consumers within our own borders. Others we have found by joining hands with Mother England, who, unlike the United States, was glad to come to our assistance in our time of trouble. Last year our exports of merchandise to the United States were $110,000,000; to the United Kingdom (hey were $149,000,000; so that notwithstanding her less favorable geographical situation and her smaller consuming power, the Mother Country has taken 40 per cent, more of our products than the United States. Are we now to turn our backs upon those who have befriended us and with whom, God willing, it is in our power to build up the greatest and grandest empire the world has ever know? I, for one, sincerely hope not. "Next, I maintain that Canada to-day cannot afford reciprocity with the United States unless it be confined to a limited number of natural products. Splendid as has been the progress of our manufacturing industries under the policy of protection, they are still dwarfed in comparison with the gigantic establishments operating on the other side of the border. By the consolidation of capital and by the specialization of output the United States industries have grown tremendously powerful, so powerful, indeed, that in time of depression, despite our tariff wall, they can sweep this country from end to end, leaving idle machinery, unemployment and poverty in their trail. To redtice our tariff at their bidding for the purpose of accepting some doubtful advantage, made attractive under the guise of reciprocity, would be nothing more or less than acquiescing in our own impoverishment." Concerning British Columbia, and Vancouver, Mr. Hendry brought out some important facts as follows: "While we in Vancouver take a pardonable amount of pride in the varied attractions we have to offer the tourist, we know that you as business men, have come here primarily for business purposes, and that in the selection of our city as the place of this year's convention, you have but given us the recognition which is our due as a factor of our ever-growing importance in the industrial development of the Dominion. You will, I trust, pardon me if I venture to offer a few figures bearing upon this latter point. "The value of British Columbia's lumber cut for 1909 is placed at $12,000,000, which is equal to the best year in the history of the industry. Our mineral pro- • ductions for the past three years have averaged $24,000,000, our fisheries over $6,0000,000. The Provincial Government estimate the value of the output of our manufacturing industries for 1909 at $30,000,000. Some indication as to the probable growth in this direction may be gleaned from the fact that the new industrial enterprises chartered by the Province last year aggregated $48,000,000 in capital. This year it is expected that the crop from our celebrated fruit lands will yield the farmers nearly $2,000,000. The mileage of the railways now in operation within the Province is.2,307, while the fact that nearly 1,400 miles of additional track are actually under construction gives every assurance of a continuance of our prosperity, at least, for some time to come. "Of Vancouver itself I feel that I need say very little. The stories of its wonderful growth are familiar to you all, while the evidences of that growth, now that you are here, are apparent on every hand. In 1901 the assessment of real property was $12,792,350; this year it was $76,927,720. In 1901 the population of the city was 26,133; this year it is conservatively estimated at 115,000. Last year our building permits totalled $7,- 250,000; this year the permits of seven months alone have exceeded that .amount. Truly, we have had a most remarkable development. And yet it is perhaps no exaggeration to say that what has been our experience, has, in a proportionate degree, been the common experience of all the more important centers of population west of the Great Lakes. The sudden recognition by the world at large of the enormous wealth lying dormant in our mines, in our forests, in our fisheries and particularly in our land, has induced such a stream of immigration that, not only have our villages outspread themselves into towns and our towns into cities, but the whole lifeblood of our nation has tingled with the resultant prosperity." The manufacturing strides of Vancouver are in a measure representative of those in various sections of the Province. The metropolis now has 211 factories, in which are employed 7j3°° hands at wages aggregating well over half a million dollars a month. The value of their output amounts each month to about three and a quarter million dollars. These products have a market throughout Canada, in the United Kingdom, Australia, the United States, Mexico, the Philippines, China, Japan, and South Africa. All of these markets are developing. They will consume more and more of the manufactured goods of British Columbia. With increased transportation facilities, a readjustment of freight rates, the opening of the Panama Canal, and the westernization of China, an enormous manufacturing industry will develop in British Columbia. The start has been a strong one. The future has brilliant promise. Manufacturing in this Province offers one of the richest fields of opportunity in the world. 1910] OPPORTUNITIES Page 21 Busy Nanaimo By H. R. Hickling- The city man who is interested in profitable investments; the tourist who has an eye for wonderful scenery; the angler who likes to fish in the sea or in rapidly flowing streams; the nimrod who is fond of hunting both four footed animals and birds; the man or woman who has a due regard for the advantages of a superior these transportation facilities there is a daily steamer connection with Vancouver. The manufacturer who proposes to locate in British Columbia should by all means familiarize himself with the conditions in and around Nanaimo before finally deciding upon a factory site. I feel certain that such an investigation of the markets of Victoria and Vancouver. The dweller in Nanaimo finds here all of the comforts of civilization and most of the luxuries. There are electric lights, gas, a telephone system, two telegraph offices, one belonging to the C. P. R. and one to the Government; a customs office, a Dominion Fisheries office, and an Inland Revenue office. The city prides itself upon its educational facilities, having five schools and a High School, with a total enrollment of about one thousand scholars. There are two excellent hotels, and numerous fine roads A NANAIMO FARM climate—all of these will find much to interest them in Nanaimo and its vicinity. Never before have there been in Nanaimo so many opportunities for the large and small investor, so many rewards for brains and energy. The city is at the beginning of a new era. Its people are looking to the future and are preparing in many ways for a growth which will make Nanaimo one of the most populous commercial centers on the Pacific Coast. There are numerous conspicuous evidences of this preparation. For instance, several miles of cement sidewalks are in course of construction; the city council is favorably considering a traction system which will connect Nanaimo with all the outlying districts, and will eventually run to Lady- smith; an elaborate sewerage system is well toward completion; three big brick buildings have been erected this year and plans are being drawn up for numerous others; a new coal wharf is being built in the Newcastle Townsite by the Vancouver-Nanaimo Coal Company, and a wharf for the shipping of lumber will be constructed this year by the Red Fir Lumber Company. Projects for numerous other improvements of this nature are under consideration and will undoubtedly be carried into effect. Capitalists and manufacturers are showing a constantly growing appreciation of the advantages of Nanaimo as a city for factories. Its harbor will float the largest vessels, and is unsurpassed by any on the Pacific Coast. There is railway connection on the south with Victoria, and in the near future Nanaimo will be connected by railroad with Alberni on the west coast. In addition to would bring conviction that Nanaimo has natural facilities unexcelled by any other city in the Province. To pass from manufacturing to agriculture, I can say without fear of contradiction that the country in close proximity to Nanaimo presents unrivaled advantages for dairying, poultry and stock raising, fruit farming, truck farming and agricultural pursuits in general. Land lead in all directions for the auto enthusiast and the horseman. An estimate of the monthly pay-roll of the city shows it to be about $300,000, of which The Western Fuel Company pays $120,000 to fourteen hundred employees. This is the Nanaimo of to-day. The city is now attracting so much favorable attention, is visited by so many prospective investors, and is receiving such a TYPICAL NANAIMO SCENES can be obtained at very reasonable prices and Nanaimo offers a market in which the demand is far greater than the supply. Moreover, this demand is growing rapidly with the growth of the city and is increased by the close proximity large influx of new population that the Nanaimo of the near future will doubtless show industries and population at least double those of the present. Nanaimo is distinctly a city of opportunities. Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES nw OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender Street, W. Phone 6926 Vancouver, B. C. SUBSCRIPTION, $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. FRASER S. KEITH, Publisher and Proprietor HEDLEY ROGERS. Advertising Manager HERBERT WELCH. Editor OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. Vol. 2. OCTOBER, 1910. No. 4. BE STRONG. WE are not here to play, to dream, to drift; We have hard work to do, and loads to lift; Shun not the struggle: face it—'Tis God's gift— BE STRONG! It matters not how deep entrenched the wrong, How hard the battle goes, the day how long, Faint not; fight on! To-morrow comes the song: BE STRONG! THE POWER OF CAPITAL. THE power of the concentrated capital of a great corporation will be strikingly illustrated in the coming city of Port Mann. Most communities possessing any stability have been the product of slow growth. Port Mann, which will be born next March, when the Canadian Northern Railway Company sells its townsite lots, will spring into being as the biggest and most bouncing sample of a baby city that has ever been known. A more important consideration is that it will possess the elements of certain life and great growth. As the western terminal and car shops location of a transcontinental railway, it will have an assured population of four or five thousand workmen and their families. But this will be the mere beginning—the nucleus. < Like attracts like. With excellent harbor and transportation facilities, Port Mann will be a magnet for other important industries. Several are already reported to have fixed upon Port Mann as their future operating base. Port Mann is heartily welcomed by her older sister cities in British Columbia. They know she will contribute largely to the credit and prosperity of the family. No city ever came to life with stronger promise. PUBLICITY ABROAD. IN England, Scotland, and Ireland are many thousands of ambitious young men who feel the need of room for growth, who want larger opportunities than they have at home. In British Columbia, on the other hand, are hundreds of thousands of acres of land ready at the touch of the workers to yield up their wealth, a multitude of open paths to prosperity that need only be followed in-* telligently and persistently. In England the man needs the opportunity. In British Columbia the opportunity needs the man. Could not the Provincial Government become a large influence in bringing the two together by establishing in London a publicity office and bureau of information? It is a certainty that such an institution would have many daily visitors, and it could be made an important factor in bringing desirable newcomers to this Province. Its success would depend, of course, upon the man in charge. In addition to a thorough knowledge of British Columbia, he should be able to judge men with that sureness and sympathy which would enable him to give sound advice as to what field of work in British Columbia would be best adapted to the prospective settler, making inquiries. The latter, with this source of information and guidance, would be much better prepared than is often the case to benefit himself and the Province by his coming. CIVIC WORK OF WOMEN. ORGANIZED power is, of course, always more effective than that which is unorganized. The influence and work of women have constituted the most vital factor in the real progress of civilization. But it has been a factor in which there has been little organization. Women, for the most part, have been content to lend as individuals their strength and inspiration to movements in the right direction. Those who are most representative have worked in quiet ways, from the vantage ground of the home. Their influence has been the more impelling on this account. This fact is appreciated by the leaders of the Women's Councils of the Women of Canada, whose aim is to do womanly work for the public good, aided by organization. They have been notably successful, and are progressing steadily to even greater achievements in the future. This is no truer of any Women's Councils than of those of British Columbia. The Councils here, in their direct and indirect influence, have played a part in the progress of the Province which is too subtle and widely diffused to be adequately measured in terms of facts, but which has infused an unusual spirit of helpfulness, and sympathy, and humanity, into the fabric of this developing commonwealth. Most of their work is done in the sheltered back-ground. Occasionally they come into public view, but their appearances are mere outcroppings, indicating rather than representing the golden potency beneath the surface. There are several thousand women in the British Columbia Councils, and their endeavors are animated by 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 an enthusiasm and virility which have rarely marked the efforts of women in a body. That is because they realize that there is very tangible and definite work to do. The communities are young. The latter are unhampered by traditions, unrestricted by impinging external conditions or any other kind of impedimentia. In a sense they stand alone. They are bounded by the ocean, the mountains, the wilderness and the United States. They are free to grow in accordance with impulses given them by underlying forces now gathering strength. The members of the Councils realize this, and feel that here is an opportunity that has rarely come to women anywhere. In their efforts to make the most of it they do not need public acclaim. This magazine, however, proposes to print from month to month accounts of their progressive work, not with a view to bringing to the workers a public commendation which they do not want, but merely for the purpose of spreading information as to what is being done, and thus rendering some slight aid and stimulus, perhaps, in endeavors to make this a land of the best conditions and the highest opportunities. THE NECESSITY FOR PROTECTION. '""T^HE great majority of the citizens of British Columbia JL believe in tariff protection for the industries of Canada, but because the question has been brought conspicuously to the front again by the agitation of agriculturists of the prairie provinces for a lowering of the tariff bars between Canada and the United States, it may be well to point out some of the basic reasons why, at this stage of the Dominion's industrial development, a protective tariff is a vital necessity. These reasons are particularly applicable in British Columbia. It is granted, of course, that one of the most important and direct highways toward that commanding and enduring wealth which we all see in the future for this Province is located in the field of manufacturing. On this road, with a factory output worth over thirty millions of dollars a year, British Columbia has already made, and is now making, rapid progress; yet she has a long way still to go to realize her manufacturing possibilities in their completeness, to attain that full measure of permanent prosperity which comes from a great factory production. Nearly two-thirds of the annual yield of between eighty and ninety million dollars from her industries is yet the result of enterprise in raw material, in mining, lumber, agriculture and fisheries, in the order named. With remarkable wealth in these raw materials, with practically unlimited water power, vast coal deposits, agricultural resources much more than adequate for the home demand, and a coast position which will enable her, particularly when the Panama Canal is opened, to command the best markets in the world, British Columbia has tremendous manufacturing' potentialities. No region has better and few have as good. But it must be remembered that her manufacturing industries are still in a state of infancy. In all nature young growths are protected. The industries of the United States have received ample1 governmental protection from the beginning, and that nation has become a marvel of wealth. Even those who are now of the opinion that the United States should not have a high protective tariff, are for the most part agreed that when her industries were in the formative period such protection was a necessity. The infant industries of the United States in the old days needed to be protected against the already powerful industries of the Old World. The infant industries of British Columbia in the present need to be protected against a much stronger, closer, and mere aggressive industrial foe than the manufacturers of the United States ever had to face, namely, these same manufacturers, who, by many years of development under protection and other favoring conditions, have established themselves on a basis of huge outputs, and, by combinations, have affected large economies and acquired immense reserves of capital for competitive warfare wherever there is an opening. If given the opportunity by a reduction of the tariff they would sweep Canada- with their products, underselling the home manufacturers, even at a loss to themselves, until the market was controlled, sending a great many of these down in ruin, and eventually bringing the consumers of the Dominion, as they have those of the United States, under the yoke of monopoly. Canada in general and British Columbia in particular require protection not only for the purpose of preserving home markets for home manufacturers, but also for the purpose of enabling these manufacturers to attain a strength sufficient for successful contests with foreign competitors in the rapidly developing markets of the Orient. In this direction lies one of British Columbia's greatest manufacturing opportunities, but she will have no protection here, and must be in a position, if she is to develop to her full industrial stature without a long delay, to toe the mark with the starters in this free-for-all race for Oriental trade, because the richest prizes will probably be among those first won. It is not at all unlikely after a while China herself will put up the bars. The policy of protection can be attacked by only one weapon, namely, the argument that this policy causes higher prices for commodities, and is thus an indirect tax upon the people. This is true enough, but it is a tax which brings back returns in multiples of itself in greater prosperity for the Dominion and the individual, and for this reason is an excellent investment. Moreover, this tax will gradually be reduced by the competition resulting from an increasing number of manufacturing establishments. Conditions in the Dominion are not as propitious as they have been in the United States for the development of great trusts dedicated to the purpose of maintaining high prices. In Canada the objection to protection will by degrees disappear, while the strong advantages will remain. In the meantime the high prices in British Columbia, in combination with natural resources and favorable location, offer some of the best manufacturing opportunities on the Continent. Page 24 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 The Apple Show and Fruit Growing The first Canadian Apple Show promises to be the most notable and successful exhibition of the king of fruits ever held. The entries have been surprisingly large and representative. All of the apple growing sections of Canada and the Pacific Coast country will have "their best apples on display in the Horse Show Building in Vancouver and the big temporary structure which has been erected beside it for the car-load exhibits. All the indications are that the exhibition will attract world-wide attention, and will open the eyes of this Continent and of Europe wider than they have ever been opened before to the great possibilities in the growing of apples and of fruit generally in British Columbia. It will do much more than any other means that could be devised to lift the fruit industry in the Province into the prominence to which its promise entitles it. It will enlarge the market for British fruit, and will bring many new growers into the field, to take advantage of the great opportunities offered by a vast acreage of land lying fallow, ready for the production of the best apples and other fruits. In this Province there are two million acres adapted to fruit, and only one hundred and twenty-five thousand acres thus far under cultivation. For the purpose of bringing out full exhibits, over $21,000.00 in prizes will be offered at the Apple Show. As the time approaches for the holding of the Canadian National Apple Show the interest in it is growing keener and keener, and many expressions of goodwill and co-operation are coming in. William E. Scott Deputy Minister of Agriculture, says: "I have no doubt but that the Canadian National Apple Show will be a great success, and will bring forward to everyone the great possibilities of our province as a fruit-growing country, and will maintain our claim that we are going to be the orchard of the Empire." Concerning the fruit industry of British Columbia and Ontario, the Hon. James Duff, Minister of Agriculture in Ontario, has pointed out that at present 35 per cent of the demand in Canada is supplied by Ontario, 15 per cent, by British Columbia and 50 per cent, by the United States. "You will thus see," says Mr. Duff, "that we have an enormous market for our produce, right at hand. In my province we ship as far west as Winnipeg, and British Columbia is sending its fruit to about the same point. And the demand very far exceeds the supply. Of course when I mentioned that the United States supplied us with half of the fruit used in Canada I was referring to all kinds of fruit, many of which, such as oranges, cannot be grown as far north and must necessarily come from the other side of the line. At the same time we need never fear that we shall be in a position to glut our markets. All we have to do, both in my province and yours, is to use every endeavor to increase our producing capacity." The Provincial Government will open two experimental fruit stations in the valleys of the Skeena to serve the ends of those who are contemplating locating on the lands and also as a means of exploiting the fruit possibilities of the country. The stations will be in the Lakelse and in the Kitsumkalum valleys. The Government will prepare the ground, supply the trees and plant them, and the owner will agree to do all the work un-- • der its instructions, including spraying and pruning up to an amount per acre to be agreed upon between the department and himself, according to the soil and other conditions. The plots to be set aside will be five acres and the agreement is to stand for five years, and after five years to be cancelled at the request of either side on giving six months' notice, the owner, of course, to have all the product. The orchards are to be available for any Government officials at any time to give demonstrations to the public and the owner must agree to send reports to the department of the condition of the orchards when required. Provincial Fruit Inspector Thomas Cunningham recently said: "There will be an excellent fruit crop throughout British Columbia this season. It is probable that the entire crop will be three times as large as that of any previous year. It is expected that 1,000 carloads of fruit will be shipped out of the* Okanagan Valley alone. Reports of conditions in Kootenay are exceedingly favorable. On the lower mainland the yield will be better than the average and the same applies to Vancouver Island. "Where orchards have been carefully sprayed, fruit will be of excellent quality, but in orchards which have been neglected a great deal of fruit will be unfit for market." Mr. Cunningham stated emphatically that infected home-grown fruit would not be permitted to be sold this year. On this point he said: "After all the education that has been given to the people in The Amalgamated Development Company has made good. See page 35. Oil in large quantities—Amalgamated Development Co., page 35. regard to the importance of spraying and all assistance that has been given to fruit growers, it is unreasonable to expect that growers who neglect their trees will be permitted to put infected fruit on the market to put down the price of fruit produced by careful growers." British Columbia's fine fruit will, beginning this fall, be exhibited annually in Winnipeg through the efforts of the Okanagan Fruit Union and the Canadian Pacific Railway. The T. Eaton Company gave its fourteen large show windows on Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, for two days in September for a display of a car of the finest peaches grown, in the Okanagan Fruit Union, and again about the first of November will exhibit British Columbia apples. This year the exhibit will be confined to the Okanagan country, but next fall a larger exhibit will be held which will include the fruits from other parts of this • province also. Heretofore the Winnipeg fruit consumer has known but little about the magnificent fruit grown.in this part of the Dominion. He has got the idea that it is more or less like the fruit of California and that it is not to be compared with that grown in Ontario. As a matter of fact, however, the peaches and apples grown in British Columbia are de- cleared by competent judges to be superior not only in quality to the Ontario product, but also in size and keeping qualities. "The Okanagan fruit crop is an excellent one this year," says Mr. F. W. Peters, of the C. P. R., "and we are in good shape to handle it. We have special ice refrigerator cars, which will be carried across the lakes on special barges, and thex arrival of the fruit in good condition at the points of delivery is ensured." Vernon and Kelowna are the main shipping points, and nearly the whole crop is to be sent to the prairies and the East. There was one difficulty, however, which the fruit-farmers had to face, and that was the shortage of labor, but nothing could prevent the crop from being entirely satisfactory from every.point of' view. "In view of the fact that the present estimated amount of land available for the growing of fruit in the Kootenays includes only such land as lies at an altitude of 2,500 feet or less, it can easily be' seen that the recent successful raising of fruit as high approximately at 5,- 000 feet above sea level, near Rossland, See Amalgamated Development Company's ad. on page 35. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 BRITISH COLUMBIA APPLE EXHIBIT AT SPOKANE means that our present fruit land area is increased by at least 25 per cent. I think this estimate is not too high," said M. S. Middleton, assistant provincial horticulturist. "It is a matter of record that in very many cases the soil at, say, 5,000 feet on a mountain is better than at 2,000 feet in the same district. Another important point is that the air drainage, one of the most important questions to be considered by the scientific horticulturist^ is always greater as higher altitudes are reached. As you know, fruit is being raised with the greatest success in Colorado on lands situated as high as 6,000 feet above sea level, and I know of no reason why Kootenay growers should not meet with the same good results. "I am told, too, that high lands are less susceptible to frosts than those at a lower altitude. This is due largely to the better air drainage. Of course the farmer cultivating these high lands has to be prepared for a shorter season than the man operating in lower lands, but against this is the fact that apparently plants mature much more quickly in cases where the snow flies late and the frosts come early. "The high lands are not suited as a rule for stone fruits, but apples and pears can certainly be successfully raised. A certain amount of experimental work is necessary in order to determine the species and varieties which are most adapted for such regions. All these high lands, however, are best adapted for mixed farming to which far too little attention is being paid in Kootenay. "It is estimated that the amount of land available for fruit growing in the Kootenay district is 580,000 acres, and that suitable for mixed farming is 970,- 000 acres, a total of 1,550,000 acres. Only about one per cent, of the lands are developed." TELEPHONES {3Z7 G.O.George Successor to T. e. HICKS HH6KS On the Stand Day and Night OFFICE I 413 RICHARD8 8TREET Trunks, Bags, Suitcases, Ladies' Shopping Bags, etc, The First Store of its kind la Vancouver \ round the Corner on nestings St.. opposite Post Office THERE ARM OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONI OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Industrial Progress in British Columbia It is announced in Ottawa that Australian trade with Canada is steadily increasing. The C. P. R. has awarded contracts for the construction at Balfour on Kootenay Lake of a summer hotel which will cost $150,000. The Board of Trade of South Vancouver has inaugurated a vigorous publicity campaign to make the district known as a desirable location for manufacturing. The Rawhide Mine of the Boundary District has within a few weeks joined the list of shippers with a consignment of thirteen hundred tons of ore. A syndicate consisting of Jos. Martin, J. S. Harvey, T. F. Paterson and W. Innis has purchased all the assets of The British Canadian Wood Pulp and Paper Company. The Penticton Municipality has bought the irrigation system from the Penticton Water Supply Co., and will furnish water for both irrigation and domestic use. It has been announced that a colony of Finnish settlers will arrive in the Kootenay district next year and will devote themselves chiefly to the raising of apples and other fruits. The Nelson Municipality decided at a work of proclaiming in Canada and the United States the advantages of settlement in Nelson and its vicinity. It is the intention of the Dominion Government to greatly enlarge its system of horticultural inspection in British Columbia, and to double the size of its fumigating plant in Vancouver. Orders for thousands of barrels of flour are coming to Canadian millers from the Orient. The demand on Canada for bread-stuffs in China is increasing steadily. William McKenzie of The Canadian Northern Railway has announced that construction on his line will be rushed with the utmost despatch both on the mainland and on Vancouver Island. A number of additional contracts will be let this fall. A forfeit of $1,000 was put up by the Amalgamated Development Company in case their representations were not correct in every particular. Three newspapers sent representatives who report,— better than represented. See page 35. It is stated by W. J. White, of Ottawa, Dominion Inspector of American Immigration Agencies, that the number of settlers coming this year from the United States to Canada is about 150,000, and that, despite reports to the contrary, very few are returning to the States. The abuttments and piers of the new steel bridge across the Skeena River will be built this winter. The piers will be five in number and 125 feet high. At the Skeena River crossing near New Kitse- guekla, a camp of 200 men will be established in a short time. Jas. Carruthers, a Montreal capitalist, has announced that he will organize a company with a capital of at least $500,- 000 for the expansion of the fishing industry along the coast of British Columbia. The first canneries will be established at Prince Rupert, where a water frontage of 1,000 feet has been obtained. According to an estimate by the Cana^ dian Government $100,000,000 of United States money has been invested in Canada during the last year. This investment has been very largely in farm lands, and the Americans making it have come chiefly from the middle West. It is stated that a smelter for demonstrating a new method for the reduction of low grade zinc ores will be established near Nelson before the end of the year. The method has been devised by A. G. French of Victoria, and has already been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the capitalists who have invested money in the project. Oil indications at the mouth of Muir Creek in the Sooke District are so pronounced that the Western Canada Oil Prospecting Co. is putting down a test well, and expects to strike oil somewhere between twelve and eighteen hundred feet. A number of Victoria business men are interested in the project. One of the most progressive organizations in British Columbia is the Vancouver Island Development League, of which Ernest McCaffey, of Victoria, is secretary. The league is doing much to proclaim to the world at Jarge the remarkable natural resources of Vancouver Island, and is already preparing for a building and an exhibit of its own at the International Winnipeg Exhibition in 1914. You can make money quicker in Port Mann than anywhere. See M. G. Morrison & Co., 536 Hastings Street west. It is stated on high authority that industrial progress in China is no more rapid than it has been at any other time in the history of that empire, and that there is a steadily growing demand for the products of the West. The townsite of Portland Canal was placed on the market early in the month. This adjoins the original townsite of Stewart on the east and consists of 160 acres. A water and sewerage system will be installed at an early date. The Northern Pacific Railway will establish in Vancouver a land office to handle Port Mann and Stewart realty. A party of six business men of Great Britain passed through Vancouver a few days ago en route for the Far East, where they intend to develop the British manufacturing trade. They see great commercial possibilities in the opening up of China and suggested that the far Eastern field would be an excellent one for exploitation by Canadian manufacturers. One of the most rapidly advancing sections in the Province is the Comox district, where the development of extensive timber holdings and promising mines is being steadily pursued. The Fraser River Lumber Co. is preparing for a very material expansion of its activities, and the pulp wood enterprises on the Powell River are taking definite form. The Point Grey Municipal Council sold in September nearly a million dollars' worth of bonds to a Toronto firm, and is developing many plans for a fine city in what, a comparatively short time ago, was a wilderness of trees and underbrush. The plans embrace extensive water and sewerage systems, road grading on twenty streets, car lines radiating from a common centre and girdling the city, and a $100,000 park. A. W. Donley, Canada's Trade Commissioner in Mexico, sees an opportunity for the development of a large trade between Canada and Mexico in steel and coal. Mexico has great deposits of ore for high grade steel, but has no coal. British Columbia has plenty of coal, but it lacking in ores for making steel. The mutual trade in these important commodities will be highly beneficial to both countries. The Port Mann specialists are M. G. Morrison & Co., of 536 Hastings Street west. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Pogc 27 r % The Vancouver Trust Co. Limited 614 Pender Street West, Vancouver, B. C. Kamloops, B. C.—Kamloops-Vancouver Trust Co., Ltd. Insurance WICPOVtR-TRUST- (WAflY- DUILDI/1G- VArt(?UV[R TRUST (QAPA/IY Insurance 4% PAID ON DEPOSITS A General Trust Business Transacted H. L. JENKINS, President J. N. HENDERSON, Vice-President D. von CRAMER, Managing /Director V= J THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OTJR AITVBRTiaJfilEBWTS Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 PROGRESS OF THE VANCOUVER TRUST CO. The removal of the Vancouver Trust Company, Limited, into its handsome new home at 614 Pender Street, marks an epoch in the career of this remarkably successful financial institution. Ever since its establishment, the business of the company has continued to increase at such a pace that it has been found necessary to frequently enlarge the staff in order to adequately cope with the situation. Under the able and experienced administration of its popular Managing Director, Mr. D. von Cramer, actively supported by a strong, united and progressive Board of Directors, every department has been brought up to the highest state of efficiency. As a consequence of the enormous expansion of business the office facilities gradually became seriously overtaxed until larger premises were a pressing necessity. Under these circumstances, the board wisely decided that the time had arrived when the institution should have suitable permanent quarters, and the present structure is the result. Its handsome Colonial front presents a striking appearance from the street, and the general design of the building is chaste and artistic. The details of the exceedingly ornate interior decoration and fittings have been worked out most harmoniously, both as to colorings and design, and the beautiful effect obtained reflects the greatest credit upon the artistic taste, not only of the designers, but also of the president and managing director, who have both taken the strongest personal interest in the progress of the work. The extensive and thoroughly modern burglar and fire-proof vault accommodation for the safeguarding of its documents is another feature of strong interest to its many clients, while its large counter space enables the staff of every department to give that prompt attention which is one of the leading features of an up-to-date trust company. Coincident with its removal into its new offices, a saAdngs department has been opened for the convenience of its clients. This step has been contemplated for some time, but lack of space has hitherto prevented it. It is fully expected that this will become one of its most popular features. The company is in possession of an exceedingly comprehensive charter, which enables the scope of its business to be extended almost indefinitely within conservative lines. It is empowered to act as administrator of estates, guardian of minors, etc., executor and trustee under wills, and also as liquidator and receiver of estates. In addition to the The Amalgamated Development Company has made good. See page 35. above, it conducts a general business as financial and property agent and as registrar and transfer agent of shares and bonds. The company's charter does not allow it to purchase or speculate in real estate, but to act as brokers only, accepting the usual commission as their profit, not participating in the sale as so many do from a speculative motive, having a part ownership. This secures to them the name of a Trust Company in the true sense of the term, and warrants public confidence in their management. It has also secured the appointment as general agent for a number of high-class insurance companies, among which are the Des Moines Fire Insurance Company, the Westchester Fire Insurance Company, and the Imperial Guarantee and Accident Company of Canada. An agency of the company has recently been established in London, England, and it is the intention of the management to establish connections by degrees in all other centers of finance, which are now, or may become in the future, interested in the development of British Columbia. The officers of the company are well known and successful business men. The president, Mr. Jenkins, is also president of the Vancouver Timber & Trading Co., Ltd., president of the H. L. Jenkins Lumber Co., of Seattle, Wash., and one of the largest individual owners of timber and farm lands in the Province, and a large city property holder. The vice- president, Mr. J. N. Henderson, was formerly president of the Henderson Bros., Ltd., and is also a large property owner. The directors are: Mr. L. A. Lewis, managing director of the Brunette Sawmill Co., of New Westminster; Mr. J. S. Rankin, vice-president of the Stock Exchange; Mr. W. Y. Corry, M. D.; Mr. E. J. Deacon, Mr. A. H. Wallbridge, Mr. C. A. Gordon. The managing director, Mr. D. von Cramer, upon whom devolves the principal executive work in connection with the company's affairs, is peculiarly well fitted for the responsibility, having received his early training with the Canadian Bank of Commerce, afterwards transferring to the Royal Bank of Canada, for which he acted as manager at various points, including Republic, Wash.; Chilliwack, Cumberland and Vancouver, East End branches. Associated as he has been with the company, since its organization, he has shown such a grasp of its affairs and executive ability as to secure in a high degree the confidence of the board of directors and shareholders. The well known firm of Kendall, Sew- ell & Co. acts as the company's auditors, a special feature of the company being the monthly audit without notice and at irregular periods. Its solicitors are Messrs. McKay & O'Brian. SUCCESSFUL AS MONEY GETTERS. Kennedy Bros., Ltd., (successors to Hale Bros. & Kennedy, Ltd.), is one o£ the largest and best known real estate concerns in New Westminster. Their offices are a commodious and centrally located suite of rooms over the Merchants' Bank, corner Columbia and Begbie Streets, just opposite the Windsor Hotel, and near the British Columbia Electric and Canadian Pacific Railway stations. The listings of these leading real estate dealers, which are kept right up to date, contain a lot of the very finest properties in the Province, District and City extant, embracing timber lands, city and district realty, water frontages, improved farms and farming lands, dairying farms, fruit lands, suburban property, and choice city residential lots, with and without residences. As a specialty in money getters—properties which are bound, with the assured great immediate growth of New Westminster city and vicinity, to advance- very rapidly and largely in value—Kennedy Bros, have extensive acreage propositions both on Lulu Island, within the city limits, and at and near South Westminster, immediately opposite the city. Being below the Fraser River bridge, for the greater part, and thus free from any obstruction to navigation, and being close to or intersected by the British Columbia Railway, or the the Great Northern Railway, these properties have a solid and constantly increasing value of their own, independent of the value created by proximity to the great Canadian Northern Railway developments, just above the bridge. o—— THE BEST SHORTHAND METHOD. When Professor Robert Boyd, a Canadian, discovered that the whole English language consisted of various combinations of 112 syllables, and that nine characters governed by three rules would quickly and legibly express any word, the first real advancement in shorthand was made. This eliminated all those dots, dashes, shadings, positions, rules and exceptions which have caused so many failures with the older systems, and made the study of shorthand easy and sting. At present the Western Business College of Vancouver is the only school in the Province teaching this system, and the enthusiasm of pupils and graduates promises a very busy season for them. VALUE OF LIVE STOCK INSURANCE. If you own a small house worth a few hundred dollars, you would want it insured at once, yet the house can be destroyed only by. fire, while your horse or 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 cow may be lost to you not only by fire, .but by hundreds of other destroying agencies. It is interesting to note that an anmial stands one chance to be killed by fire or lightning to three hundred and thirty-one chances to meet death through other causes. Herein lies the great value of live stock insurance, as represented in Vancouver by the British Empire Insurance Company, which has paid more live stock losses than any other insurance company in Canada, and has a great many testimonials as to promptness and fairness in meeting claims. You may save much money by looking after the insurance of your animals at the company's offices in the Howe Block, opposite the Hotel Vancouver. The latest water heating invention used in conjunction with the wonderful gas producing machine, exhibited by Piper & Company at the Vancouver Exhibition securing the highest award. HORSEMEN AND POULTRYMEN,. ATTENTION. Visitors at the Chilliwack, Victoria and New Westminster Exhibitions will have an opportunity such as has never been offered before to see the products manufactured in their own Province. Among these nothing will attract more attention than the booth of The Perry-Gordon Manufacturing Co., in the Agricultural Hall. A full line of stock food, poultry food and veterinary remedies will be shown by this firm, who are taking the interest of the farmer to heart, and are placing on the market a line of goods needed by him, at a price never known before for these products. The goods, have been on the market only a short time, but the manufacturers of the P. & G. brands have reason to feel proud of their success. P. & G. food for horses and cattle is pure, and is absolutely guaranteed not to contain a single grain of antimony, arsenic, rosin or clay dust, and the guaranteed, government analysis of the brands reflects much credit upon the makers. The trade in them has increased rapidly since they were introduced. -o- DO YOU RIDE IN CARRIAGES? Facilities for seeing the beauties of Vancouver in the right way are much enhanced by the services of the Stanley Park Stables, which have at the disposal of visitors and others a choice of the finest hacks, broughams, victorias and carriages, and also have a smart tally-ho for large parties, which makes regular trips through Stanley Park and other specially attractive parts of Vancouver. At the stables are eighty horses in active service, and twenty-three employees. The business is ten years old and is growing so rapidly that it has required a new barn for the accommodation of two hundred horses. It is said by experts who have seen the plans, that this barn, which is now under construction, will be the best on the Coast. Mr. Alexander Mitchell, the manager, has been in Vancouver for twenty-one years, and has been one of those business men who have progressed with the development of the city. THE GREAT WEST LIGHT COMPANY. The Great West Light Company, Limited, a newly incorporated company, are putting on the market the latest and most up-to-date Gasoline Lighting Systems of to-day. Their latest and most unique Highlow lamps fill a long felt want in the small towns and villages throughout Western Canada, where there is no artificial light. The light furnished is a nice white light, and is used very extensively by photographers for night work. The company have their offices at 50^ Hastings Street east, Vancouver, B-. C. ..»..»..»..%. -.•..•..•..•.... D P (C$ THE WARMEST FRIENDS of P. & G. FOOD are those who have tried some other brand said to be " as good " as P. & G., and for which they paid a bigger price. Very easy to say a thing is " as good " but not so easy to " make good." P. & G. is the only food of its kind that will take the place of grain. We invite you to call in our office and see the Guaranteed Government Analysis of P. & G. Food for Horses and Cattle also P. & G. Poultry Food. Then ask the Makers or Agents of other brands to show you the analysis of their foods, " That's what talks." P.&G. Food for horses and cattle is absolutely pure, guaranteed not to contain a single grain of Antimony, Arsenic, Rosin, or Clay Dust. "P. 6 G. is the Best, but costs you Less." See our exhibits at the Victoria and New Westminster Fairs. MANUFACTURED ONLY BY THE PERRY-GORDON MANUFACTURING CO. 814 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, B. C. ..«-».»*< »•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•.. »»»■»»■••«•■■•—"•«'>«■>»» *••■ : I : i i CASCADE bu^ without a Peez I |il»u>n»n>ntii »»»■>$■ THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Great Activity in Real Estate A number of constructive factors have combined within a month to give real estate a much greater activity than it has seen since spring. The soundness and health of this activity cannot be doubted when it is remembered that it has for its foundation permanent improvements, the solid development of British Columbia and its leading communities, and the certainty that this development, in increasing ratio, will continue for many years to come. While there is naturally much speculation, behind this is a strong and steady movement in permanent investment. Many new buildings of an enduring character are in process of construction or are being planned. In Vancouver the record of building permits is already greater by over $100,000 than during the whole of last year. A ten story steel building is being erected on the corner of Hastings and Seymour Streets. A project for a million dolTar hotel for Vancouver is being considered by the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company in Vancouver, and in Victoria this company has already selected the site for a , hotel which will cost at least as much as the one projected for Vancouver. A permit has been granted for a $45,000 warehouse on Water Street in Vancouver. It is reported that borings are about to be begun for the Second Narrows bridge connecting Vancouver and North Vancouver. Plans have been prepared for a large apartment house on Broadway and Woodland Drive, and, not only in Vancouver, but also in Victoria, New Westminster and other communities, work is under way on a great many dwelling houses, factories and factory enlargements, and other buildings of a permanent nature. Victoria and New Westminster in particular, are showing a real estate and building activity no less pronounced than that in Vancouver. The Pemberton Block in Victoria, on the corner of Fort and Broad Streets, and one of the largest office buildings in British Columbia, was opened late in September. As an indication of the big banking business in Victoria, the property on Trounce Avenue and Government Street has been sold to the Union Bank for $145,000. On this site will be erected a very substantial building, the ground floor of which will be occupied by the bank. At Esquimalt, on Vancouver Island, there has been within a few weeks a deal involving the transfer of practically the entire waterfront on Long Cove, which will be used as the site of shipbuilding yards and a dry-dock large enough for the biggest vessels. Construction will be started in the spring. This important enterprise will have a strong influence upon properties in Victoria and Vancouver Island. New Westminster is busy paving streets and making preparations in general for the most active period in her history. In addition to this constructive progress is the activity of the railroad builders in the Province. The operations of the steam railway companies are too extensive to recapitulate here, but the extensions of the British Columbia Electric Railway Company in the immediate vicinity of some of the leading centres, is well worth noting because of their great value in permanent development. The line between New Westminster and Chilliwack is about to be opened, and will prove a potent factor in the development of the Fraser Valley. The great power plant of this company on the Fraser River, the building of which will involve an expenditure of millions of dollars, will, of course, prove a notable stimulus to industry in this section of the Province. Improvements of the kind touched upon above are made to. meet the requirements of a steady and stable growth and indicate, in conjunction with numerous other factors, the solid strength of the foundation upon which rests British Columbia's real estate activity. A special influence of a stimulating nature in the vicinity of Vancouver at present is the announced opening in the spring •of the townsite of Port Mann, which has given rise to many transaction-; joining properties, and has lent an impetus to the whole autumn movement in real estate. With the coming to the cities of many farmers, lumbermen, and miners with the proceeds of their season's work, and with capital used for moving the crops returning to city banks, the real estate market will show much vigor until well toward the first of the year. At this time there is likely to be a lull until next spring, when, according to present indications, real estate business in this section will break all previous record-;. Among the Brokers John M. Chappell reports that in addition to a healthy tone generally in the realty market, there is a decided tendency among investors to-day to look west and south for the future developments. The decision of the University Commission, advising the locating of the Provincial University in Point Grey, has tended to tone up the values there, and, taken in conjunction with the improvements now under way, such as the transportation facilities, the water and sewage schemes, there is bound to be a great deal of buying in this section. This office specializes the Kerrisdale district, in which so many beautiful homes are now under construction, and intend- Oil in large quantities—Amalgamated Development Co., page 35. ing investors would do well to consult the firm. The Merchants Trust & Trading Company reports a considerable number of sales during the month in Burnaby and North Vancouver. These attractive districts are commending themselves very favorably to those who are seeking desirable home sites. Thompson Tinn, manager of this company, is making a specialty of attracting to British Columbia settlers from the Old Country, and he, himself, has recently left on a trip in which he will lose no opportunity to extol the advantages of settlement in British Columbia. The only gilt-edged, commercial oil proposition on the market, Amalgamated Development Company, page 35- Since it has been decided to locate the University of British Columbia in Point Grey, there has been a strong demand for fine home sites on the Gulf of Georgia Terrace, which is one of the most delightful sections of Greater Vancouver. The Terrace is located on a plateau overlooking the Fraser River and affording beautiful views of fishing fleets, vessels plying to and from all parts of the world, and other charming water scenes. This is probably one of the most attractive places on the Continent for homes. It is managed exclusively by Mole & Keefer, who have just issued a beautiful folder showing a number of artistic homes already established on the Terrace. See Amalgamated Development Company's ad. on page 35. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 31 Wescott and Letts of Victoria, say that during the last three months business has been excellent, and is daily assuming proportions that- have raised the hopes of the business men higher than for years. Judging from the building operations in every district in Victoria and permits far exceeding any record for the past decade, Victoria is in the vanguard of the great British Columbia advance which is attracting wide attention in Europe and on this continent. A good evidence that our opportunity has come and that we are not slow in seizing the same. This firm has done $25,730 worth of business since July 19th. of from five to twenty acres within from ten to twenty minutes from Vancouver, there being a general feeling that the city will become a great market for all kinds of farm produce. Messrs. Lougheed & Coates, of 429 Pender Street west, report an increasing demand for houses especially in the best residential districts, several contracts being let recently and many more pending. In the real estate department the demand for choice acreage is strong, especially in the Port Mann district. The demand for farm lands along the line of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway has been very keen during the last three or four weeks. The Fort George country has received more attention than any other of the good agricultural districts, owing to the large number of men who have just returned from Fort George bringing excellent reports as to its great possibilities. These men all express the opinion that there will be a great rush of settlers to the Fort George country next spring. The North Coast Land Company, Limited, in the Winch Building, Vancouver, have made sales to well-to- The opportunities of British Columbia as a field for high-class investment have been recognized by the new brokerage firm of O. H. Bowman & Company of Victoria, who deal in all listed and unlisted stocks and bonds, as well as real estate, timber and insurance. The firm is supplying the very latest quotations and much information regarding investment in both American and Canadian securities. Ross & Shaw have received many inquiries for property and have some deals pending for good apartment house sites in the West End. They have made acreage sales in Burnaby, a sale of lots and acreage on the car line between Vancouver and New Westminster, and five acres near Central Park, cleared and fronting on the tram line. The purchaser of this property intends to subdivide it and put it on the market There have been numerous inquiries for Grandview property and some sales. Many prospective purchasers are looking for small holdings Morrison and Company, of 536 Hastings Street, Vancouver, grasped the Port Mann situation months ago, made a special study of its real estate possibilities, and came to the conclusion that real estate investments there would be absolutely sound. Their forethought has been amply justified by results. There is now no possible ground for doubt as to Port Mann's % rapid and continuous growth. Morrison and Company are doing an active business in Port Mann realty because they are impressing upon their clients the fact that in a few years Port Mann will be as well known in the shipping world as any Pacific coast port from Prince Rupert to Valparaiso. For Port Mann snaps see M. G. Morrison & Co., 536 Hastings Street west, or phone 6730. ♦^•••••.••..•««..»..»..»~»..»..«. .«..«">"—'—«—•—»■«■■»■■•■■•■■*■•——•'f' Haslett & Whitaker, the North Vancouver specialists, report a heavy month's business in North Vancouver lots and acreage, the principle dealings being in property east of Seymour Creek. This firm have closed an acreage deal amounting to over $20,000. They have received a large number of enquiries from the East and also from England for North Vancouver properties. NOTICE We have removed to suite 70 in the Hutchinson Building, 429 Pender Street West, and will be pleased to receive for consideration any proposition you may have to make in Real Estate or Home Building. We build homes on easy terms, and will consider any good security in property or cash as first payment, and extend the payments over ten years if •desired. We loan you 80 per cent of the value. Lougheed & Coates Suite jo, 429 lender Street fmnCritIItttIlIir»TTII»ftTTTTTTTTTTYrYTTIItTTTTIITTYYTTTrTtTTTTTIII-riTTTTTTTtT'TTTTT»IITTTITTIirriirrrrrTTTTTTTTTrrrYTYIl rrTTTTTTTTTTTTTT--rTXXTXTXXXXXXXXX:iIXX.I..I..ll*XXXXXXXiCIIIX^J CORRESPONDENCE INVITED Reference: Bank op Montreal SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT Cable and Telegraphic Address : "STECO," Vancouver, B. C. Codes Used : A. B. C, 5th Edition, and Western Union Phones: Head Office, - 5604 Branch Office, 4265 Residence, - 5694 The John T Stevens Trust Co. Mercantile Building-, 318 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Branch Office: Estates Managed Funds Invested Companies Organized Stocks, "Bonds, cMines f WE ARE PREPARED TO ACT AS MANAGERS, TRUSTEES (UNDER POWER OF ATTORNEY), REPRESENTATIVES AND AGENTS FOR CLIENTS, INVESTORS, MORTGAGERS, AND PROPERTY OWNERS. CONSULT US. WE PLACE MORTGAGES ON 50% MARGIN OF VALUATION YIELDING 6% TO 8% INTEREST !435 Granville Street Timber Limits Farm Lands Insurance Colonization &XXM3 CJXXXXXXrXXXXXXXXXTTTTTTTTXTXTTTTTXXSXTXXZrrXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXr^^ .•..•..*..•..•■ I«l ■ »l «ll»l.«..»..»- -••••••••••••••■••' l«ll»ll»l t » »l >■»-»■■«« ill BULLEN&LAMB (Late Bullen Photo Co.) Phone 4018 743 Pender Street, W. VANCOUVER, B. C. The House of Ideas The Highest of Ideals THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EYERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Architectural Photography Enlargements Amateur Finishing Picture Framing Cameras and Supplies ■*—•••••••- •*♦$• Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 da farmers and investors all over Canada, as well as in many of the States of the Union. This company also has extensive holdings of the best land in the Nechaco and Bulkley Valleys. It is significant that several important sales in the Coquitlam district have been negotiated during the summer, usually a quiet time for suburban property. Reports are in circulation of the establishment of several industrial concerns both at Port Moody and Westminster Junction, and it is evident that a big movement will soon take place at both these centers. E. S. Morgan, of 47 Hutchinson Building, Pender Street, Vancouver, who controls considerable property in this district, reports several good sales both at Port Moody and Westminster Junction. Canadian Northern Railway terminal— Port Mann. They have made a specialty of this district, and last month acquired the exclusive sale of the Paterson Ranch, owned by the Honorable T. W. Paterson, Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia. This is a beautiful piece of property and has been under cultivation for a number of years. The sale opens on Monday, October 3rd,, at 9 o'clock. The John McLeod Company, 516 Pender Street west, Vancouver, report a brisk business in acreage adjacent to the The firm of Ward, Burmester and von Graevenitz is selling the portion of the District Lot 813 between Lyn Creek and the Lynn Valley car line in lots varying in size from 36 feet to 45 feet frontage. Within a fortnight no fewer than 150 lots were sold while the balance are rapidly being taken up. This property has waterfrontage on the creek (Lynn Creek) where the lots have a clear and uninterrupted view down the Canyon and a southerly aspect. The easy terms on which this property is being sold appeal specially to those who have but little capital with which to«build, as well as to speculators who wish to benefit by the rise in values which will result from building operations. North Vancouver in general and Lynn Valley in particular are receiving, much attention from investors and speculators. One of the most progressive real estate firms in British Columbia is that of Foster & Fisher, which is devoting itself particularly just now to Windsor Parlc^ which joins the future centre of North Vancouver, and lies in one of the most promising sections of British Columbia, close to the proposed Second Narrows bridge and the site of the Imperial Car Works. Windsor Park, with the developments which are insured, will be one of the most industrial centres in Canada, and Foster & Fisher, with their customary far-sightedness, are putting their clients in touch with the opportunities which lie in this locality. That this is appreciated is indicated by a strong demand for lots in Windsor Park and numerous sales. Port Mann The Risinp; Star on the Western Horizon There was a time when the despotism of Asia—despotism tempered by harem plots and professional poisoners—caused new cities to appear and old ones to disappear in obedience to what was sometimes merely the whim of an Oriental monarch. But even at that they usually took much time in the contemplative East for the achievement of their results, if the legendary miracles of the "Arabian Nights" are accepted. The real age of miracles is now, and the scene of their operation is first of all Western Canada. The modern railway king is to the Canadian West what the Oriental despot was to Asia, but his despotism is more and more effectually tempered by a railway commission and his achievements are far more wonderful and far more beneficial than those of the ancient rulers of the East. In the City* of Vancouver, which comparative statistics show to be about the most wonderful example of progress in North America, there is a bright and shining example of this modern necromancy. Even a dozen years ago with the Canadian prairies an empty, and to all except a few, an unknown wilderness, the rulers of the Canadian Pacific Railway had brought a city into existence on Burrard Inlet—a city which in the last four years, with the increasing population of the prairies and the western portion of the United States, has more than doubled the number of its inhabitants. Owing to the fact that in the days when the powers of the Canadian Pacific Railway called Vancouver into existence, the population of the West consisted of a mere fringe of settlements on the edge of the Pacific, the D. D. MANN birth of the- seaport lacked that spectacular quality which recently attracted the eyes of the world to Prince Rupert. But the future is now pregnant with a new city to be added to the municipal family of the Pacific Coast. Next spring will be born Port Mann, already christened in advance of the interesting occurrence. Dan Mann of Mackenzie & Mann., whose names are synonymous with that of the Canadian Northern Railway, is the proud father of this city and has proclaimed his happy expectations to the world at large. A few days from the time of writing, on October 5th, the fortunate tenderers for for the work are to start and rush to completion the preparation of the place on which Port Mann will stand, a place chosen with the care, wisdom and foresight that have enabled Mackenzie & Mann to create a Canadian Northern Railway system—create is used advisedly, for it is not a matter of common knowledge that they have made it out of nothing, which was about what they had when they started. It is these men with the unique, even marvellous, record as railway builders; who are endeavoring to establish a new world-port on the south bank of the snow-fed Fraser River. To consider the site chosen for Port Mann is to marvel that nobody thought of it sooner, but then, that can be said about any successful undertaking since Columbus stood the egg on its end, and discovered America. Across from New Westminster, some dozen miles up the river from the Gulf of Georgia, lies a rim of flat land overlooked by a slightly elevated plateau which forms an ideal site for a great 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 33 There are many Opportunities in Canada to-day, but there is only one PORT MANN There are many people now beguiling their leisure hours and boring their friends by telling of the low prices they might have bought Vancouver property at, a few—a very few—years ago. Perhaps You Are One of Them? There are some, even now, lamenting the farm land prices at which they were offered Port Mann property six months ago. Six Months from Now there will be a multitude regretting their neglect of the opportunities Port Mann Offers To-day See us for information about Port Mann. We have the BEST PROPERTY at the LOWEST PRICES and the EASIEST TERMS OBTAINABLE COME WITH US TO PORT MANN The Home Estate So Successors to Leeson*PbilHps Co.. Ltd. 334 Hastings Street, West THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 city. The Fraser River, deep and broad, curves around this chosen site and gives a safe and open waterway to the Pacific. Large ships can now ascend the Fraser above Port Mann to load lumber and with comparatively little dredging of the channel. The authorities have published their decision to make Port Mann their chief terminal on the Pacific Coast. They have secured 2,000 acres of land at farm land prices and have announced that the waterfront is not for sale. What the company does not need for its own use will be leased, but not sold, for industrial purposes. The company's yards and most important shops are to be established at Port Mann as soon as the transcontinental line can be built to the coast. Over 6,000 company employees will alone form the nucleus of a big city, and the time is only measured by the period required for rails to be laid across the Rockies to the Fraser River when grain elevators and flour mills will form an imposing row along the waterfront of the coming city. There is room for a Port Mann as well as a Vancouver, even as there is room on another ocean for a Manchester as well as a Liverpool. Port Mann lies only some 13 miles by present routes from Vancouver with New Westminster in between. Children in Vancouver schools will still be thumbing their text-books when the three will form one continuous city, interrupted only by the waters of the Fraser River. The railway compaines of Canada have performed many miracles in city building during the last few years and will perform many more during the next few years, but, with a fruitful continent behind her and the world by her waterways within her reach before her, it requires little effort of imagination to see in Port Mann a rising star of the first magnitude among the bright galaxy of the future teeming cities of Western Canada. o QUARTZ GOLD —YUKON'S CHIEF ASSET. By H.edley Rogers. After twelve years of residence in the Klondike, the writer left Dawson last January, and while travelling 'over the remarkable White Pass Road almost five hundred miles to the Coast, he intimated to the folks along the route his desire to gather data for a story on the surrounding country. The information cordially given confirmed an opinion already formed and also a statement of Daniel Gug-. genheim, that up in that country is an empire without a people. It is the intention here not to repeat that story, but to present a few statements of men of authority as to the future prospects of the Yukon Territory, for the prosperity of Yukon means much to British Columbia, the interests of the two regions being identical. So far the Yukon Territory has produced one hundred and fifty million dollars in placer gold, and the astounding area of auriferous gravels still untouched will take, it is claimed by our best authorities, fifty or one hundred years more to exhaust. But even this vast visible wealth is not Yukon's chief asset. Nor is its chief asset the millions of acres of magnificent alluvial valleys and islands, which produce sweeter and tenderer cabbages, beets, parsnips, carrots, especially celery, and most other kinds of vegetables found elsewhere. This is due not only to the excellent soil, but also to the bright sunshine and occasional showers which prevail during the summer—a summer which is a long, sunshiny day. When transportation facilities are obtained tens of thousands of British Columbians will feast upon Yukon farm products. But quartz, quartz gold, the source of the one hundred and fifty million dollars worth of placer gold already mentioned, is drawing and will continue to draw the world's attention to Yukon. Quartz gold is Yukon's chief asset. This is confirmed by the following authorative statements: "Quartz mining is growing DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in the City Fifteen minutes walk from P. 0. One minute's walk from street cars VICTORIA, B. C. 1 ♦$♦♦••« t I t ^^^^^^^^MMWMM!MMMJM^^^^^^ DOMINION! stockandBond i corporation! ^LIMITED CAPITAL $2,000,000 REAL ESTATE-TIMBER-MINING STOCKS-BONDS-DEBENTURES LOANS - FINANCIAL AGENTS WINCH BUILDING HASTINGSSTW 1 VANCOUVER. B.C SPECIAL BUYS IN West Fort George The coming City of Central British Columbia WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULARS rapidly. A great future lies in store for this class of mining in the Yukon."— Hon. Wm. Templeman, Minister of Mines. "I am firmly of the opinion that the conditions existing in the Yukon Territory are as favorable for many great quartz camps as any portion of British Columbia. What is needed in the Yukon to establish quartz values is money, money."—John Grant, ex-Mayor of Victoria, B. C, and later member for South Dawson in Yukon Council. "In the Watson and Wheaton Valleys, Yukon Territory, there are not less than two hundred claims that have rich surface showings, giving assays from ten dollars to ten thousand a ton."—Robert Lowe, Speaker, Yukon Council. "Hundreds of thousands of dollars are being spent in Yukon in the development of quartz. The most energetic work is being done on the ridge centering near the head of Dominion and Bonanza Creeks. Assays show $40 or more to the ton in free milling gold ore. At the head of Victoria Gulch, a tributary of Bonanza, a quartz mill has been ordered for one of the groups."—Frank Lowe, former President Dawson Board of Trade. Tailoring Phone 1823 Renovating Suits Sponged and Pressed for 50c. One trial will make you a regular customer. j 313 Gamble St, Vancouver, B, C, > The Great West Light Co., Ltd. Hollow Wire and Tube Systems Makers of the Famous Highlow Gasoline Lamps 50'-. HASTINGS ST., EAST P. O. Box 140Z Vancouver, B. C. THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 35 Martin Islands Kktakl.^ Plan Sfiseiwijzty ^JVells. Pipe Line & Refinery* ^AMALGAMATI3)BMELQPEMEN1Goi? C ONTROLLETm KATALLA9ALASKA 9t ok 10 12 Land Locked 10* Harbour *g0t. BAY -I'^'iSa: 15 1^ ^l Vaneou vtr Jt>a/tJJQlue9rvni 64* OKale* u '6 ^\' Painr HEAVY FLOW OF OIL The Remarkable Progress of The Amalgamated Development Company The following telegram was received on the 7th inst.,from O. L. Willoughby, Field Manager, Amalgamated Development Company, Katalla, Alaska :— To A. F. GWIN, Katalla, Alaska., September 7th, 1910. 518 Hastings Street, Vancouver, B. C. "No. 2 Well, uncapped, gushes over one thousand barrels per hour for one-and-a-half hours." O. L. WILLOUGHBY. PRICE OF STOCK: ONE AND TWO DOLLARS PER SHARE I 1—— ======— APPLY TO ================ AULD, GWIN & McCLARTY, ?1£ Also CANADIAN AMERICAN REALTY CO., 1204 Douglas Street, Victoria, B.C. ASTINGS ST. W NCOUVER, B.C. THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 The Connecting Linl Just across the bridge which spans the mighty Fraser River from New Westminster lies a tract of land as level as the water itself. It is bounded on the north by the Great Northern Railway, on the west by the approach to the bridge, and on the south by the New Yale Road. A half-mile east of this property is located the townsite of Port Mann, the new terminal city of the Cana- s. Bet ween T wo Citi es one to three acres and is laid out in such a manner that blocks can be resurveyed into lots 66x132 in the future. All the streets will be uniform without waste. The property, affords not only a chance to procure a homesite, but also presents an excellent opportunity for investment, as acreage, uncleared in parcels adjoining, is held at from $2,000 per acre up. The prices His Honor has placed on SCENE ON THE PATTERSON RANCH, PORT MANN, B. C. die-in Northern Railway, after its long run across the Continent to this, the grandest fresh water harbor of the Pacific coast. This property comprises about 168 acres of as fine land as can be found anywhere in British Columbia, a fact which, of course, is acknowledged by those who know it to be the finest soil in the world. And when one has the pleasure of viewing the heavy yield of grain, roots, fruit, etc., that this acreage has produced this summer, one will readily agree with the broadest statements made by our greatest optimists. For some years this beautiful acreage has been owned and cultivated by the Honorable Thomas , W. Paterson, Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia, who has been successful in turning the property into one of the Province's most beautiful ranches. However, Father Time is no respecter of persons, and has now stepped on the scene and announced the development of Port Mann. Under these conditions thousands of people will be in need of small tracts on which to build a future home; therefore, His Honor has yielded to the requests of the public for an opportunity to obtain a small parcel of this beautiful cultivated land, and has placed the property exclusively in the hands of the John McLeod Company, $16 Pender Street west, Vancouver, for immediate disposal. This firm was selected by the Lieutenant-Governor after full investigation. This fact in itself is sufficient guarantee that all purchasers will be fully protected. The property has been surveyed into blocks containing from the property is $1,800 per acre, with one- fifth cash and the balance in six, twelve, eighteen and twenty-four months at six per cent, per annum. Hon. Mr. Paterson also guarantees to keep the property in a high state of cultivation for the next two years, or until such' time as the purchaser takes up his or her deed of the portion purchased. Even if you take up your deed immediately he will see that your property is plowed for the next two years, free of any expense to you. This will keep your land in shape and make it present the same attractive appearance it has to-day. There is one other feature worth remembering, namely: This property is underdrained and in condition now for you to build your future home. If you will consider why the shrewd investor is to-day placing his money in acreage surrounding Port Mann you will speedily arrive at his reason. Port Mann in the course of the next few years will become one of the most important cities on the Pacific Coast. It is the point at which all through passengers and freight to and from the Orient will be transshipped, the point at which all the rolling stock of the Canadian Northern for the entire system will be manufactured, all repair work as well will be made here. Wharves will be immediately built, while the contracts were awarded on the 26th of last month for the clearing of the entire townsite. Landscape artists will lay out the townsite, and a model city will be placed on the market next spring. Railway officials expect this townsite to sell at the rate of $10,000 per acre. What will this acreage of Lieutenant-Governor Paterson's be worth on the day of the Port Mann sale? Address all communications regarding the Paterson Ranch, the sale of which opens on Monday morning, October 3rd, to The John McLeod Company, $16 Pender Street west, Vancouver, B. C. H. P. Latham, Local Manager of The National Finance Company, Ltd., New Westminster, reports that there is I a remarkable interest in the rich farm lands of the Fraser Valley, particularly in Surrey, Langley, Chilliwack and Burnaby. This interest has received a fresh impetus within a few days from a large number of visitors from the North-West and other sections, who have been attracted to this region by its great general promise and the New Westminster Fair. A considerable number of properties have recently been sold in each of these districts by the National Finanice Company, which has many properties listed. This company also have for sale property in acre blocks, right in the townsite of Port Mann, which is causing especial interest. VICINITY OF PORT MANN FROM THE FRASER RIVER 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 37 t % 4» WE ARE SPECIALISTS IN Portland Canal Stocks i AND CAN GIVE YOU FULL INFORMATION f ON ANY COMPANY OPERATING IN THAT % 1 DISTRICT. DAILY QUOTATIONS RECEIVED. J | N. B. MAYSMITH & CO., LTD. f I VICTORIA, B. C. i* f MEMBERS PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE t Offices : Victoria, B. C, Vancouver, B. C, Stewart, B. C, Nanaimo, B. C, Seattle, Wash. H .%.».......•••• .»..«.■»..« ..»., The PORTLAND Mrs. Baker. Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B. C, .*..•..»..•..•..... .....•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•..•....... Steam Heat, Gas, Electric Light, Telephone Hot and Cold Running Water in Each Room THE NEW TOURtST, 107 CORDOVA ST. THE ANGELES, 927 WESTMINSTER AYE. VANCOUVER, B. C. »*«•••••■•••••••••••••••••••••• <•••••• .•.•••.•••••>■.••. ■ G. W. ARNOTT 8 CO. { Real Estate and Insurance I Drawer 1539 #* Prince Rupert j Splendid Opportunities for Investors j ....•..•..•.....•.....•..•.. H SUN VISIBLE TYPEWRITER X Light, Strong, Durable. Absolutely Guar- i anteed the Best Light Typewriter in the world CASH PRICE $50.00 SEND FOR PARTICULARS THOS. PLIMLEY Automobile and Bicycle Dealer VICTORIA, B. C. L J S. N. SEMPLE PRACTICAL HORSESHOER All kinds of Imperfect Gaits Rectified. TROTTING SHOES AND RUNNING PLATES a Specialty. Grossfiring, Interfering and Forging Stopped without fail by Latest Improved Methods. Special Attention given to Contracted Feet and Lameness. PHO N NO. 1367 Address: 662 SEYMOUR ST. ■ >M».ltM>ll>n|» f •.■•..•..•........•..•..•..s.... ,.»..»..». «|« For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist John M. Chappell I Room 2, 443 Pender Street Owners ate requested to list all Point Gtey property with me 4- .•..•..•..•..«...•.< .......»..*..•..»..»..•..«. .4. Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 JNO. JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. Stanley Park Stables Your impressions of Vancouver—the "Sunset City"—will be made all the more lasting- by seeing the City and magnificent Stanley Park in one of our comfortable HACKS, BROUGHAMS, VICTORIAS, SURREYS, OR CARRIAGES, Stanley Park Stables, "HKSflL VANCOUVER, B. C. PITMAN'S Business College is the Largest and Oldest Business College on the Coast. Pitman's have placed many Students this year at SIXTY DOLLARS PER MONTH They can place YOU if vou wor Telephone L I5l3 632-634-636 SEYMOUR ST. We male a specialty of Business, Farm and Residential • Property. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED | CURRIE & POWER REAL ESTATE and INSURANCE AGENTS I 1214 Douglas Street P. 0. Box 316 • VICTORIA, B. c 1 «{»'«"»">n«"»ii»ii»i>">"»"»« .•..•..*..•..•.. • t ict.nmn>i.sM>iit"«ii»ii»i'»'i«« ■|iitn|ii|ii>ii|» I Mrs. J. E. Elliott | I J 1 Hand-made Goods a Specialty I The most Lp-to-Date Store | For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear ? • and everything needful lor • I . Infants and Children. 2 | I Phone R313 | j 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. f ♦£♦.«..... 1 Baxter & Johnson Co. 1 LIMITED 0EEICE OUTFITTERS " Underwood " Typewriter ■' " Macey " Filing Cabinets | " Gunn Sectional Bookcases I Steel Vault Fittings f PHONE 730 ? 721 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. } t rrinjannnnnxiJTJxrinJxri ruirLruruTrLn ruxn HENRY CROFT H. G. ASHBY 5 ZJ Assoc. Mem. Inst. C. E. 1 c i , £ M. Inst. Mech. E. / England P Notary Public Cable Code: BEDFORD MACNEIL Cable Address: "CRAS," Vancouver Telephone 5937 I CROFT & ASHBY REAL ESTATE, TIMBER MINES, GOAL LANDS 150,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.50 86,000 acres Ominica District, at per acre, $4.50 40,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.00 7,680 acres Powell lake, 90 miles from Vancouver, at per acre $4.00 5,000 acres Rupert District, Vancouver Island, at per acre $10.00 6,400 acres Nechaco District at per acre, $4.50 CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED c Room 5. Wiock Bldg. Vancouver, B. C. P uijxnruiiinnniinnsiniinjiTiniisxnsviiinsS THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OTJR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 POINT GREY The Home of the University of British Columbia We can offer you Beautiful High Building Lots in this desirable district, cleared ready for building on. These should increase in value very rapidly. $750 AND UP Also 4 fine High View Lots on Johnstone Road, slashed and burnt over. $650 TERMS: ONE QUARTER GASH 6, 12, 18 AND 24 MONTHS A. E. AUSTIN & GO. ■•;?*- BROKERS 328 Granville St. Vancouver, B. C. CHILLIWHACK The Garden of British Columbia Farm Lands We have four Hundred acres of Prairie Land, dyked, drained, and ready for the plough. Good roads, convenient to schools. Four miles from Chilliwhack ; two miles from tram line. Land guaranteed to be without superior in British Columbia. We offer this in lots of 20, 40 or 80 acres at $150 AND $175 PER ACRE on easy terms extending over four years. ALEXANDER & McKAY 1071 Granville St. Ph0nei877 Vancouver, B. C. $6 DOWN AND A MONTH BUYS A LOT IN NORTH VANCOUVER PRICES FROM I $150 UPWARDS 2SB Wfard, Blarmesit&r & Vm Graevenitz Offices Phone 5522 4-11 PenderSt., Vancouver, B. Cm m POINT GREY The Recognised Beauty Spot For Beautiful Scenery and Large Homesites see MOLE & KEEFER fa The Point Grey Specialists 1065 Granville St. Phone 7070 Vancouver, B. C. Ifc ^mmmmm^^mm^mmmmmmmmmmm^^mmmmmmmi to m oxcxx. H H M rrzzxzzzzrxxxxxzxxxzxzzzszzzxzzxxzxzxzz2 For the Best and most satisfactory forms of rxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Accident Insurance or Health Policies covering every form or Accident or Sickness, see our latest proposition- General Agent for B. C. for the TRAVELLERS INSURANGE GOT Hartford, Conn. W, W, DRESSER ttxixxx 438 Pender St., W., VANCOUVER, B. C XZZntZXZXZXZXXXXXIXZXXgXXTTTTTIZTIIXTXXXIXXXIXtXXXXIZXIXIZIXXXXXIXIXXXr iirxxr' THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 ^IVSTIRP Y^df^fTR gTATISTICS show that where one animal dies from fire and * ^^^^^ V^mm. lightning-, three hundred and thirty-one die from other causes. ¥ w w w _t ^^ p^x j*^ g^ w^ ^ur Insurance protects you against all these causes of loss. L 1 \ |^ ^3 I (^J Q5 Iy ft is unwise io take chances. «J We have PAID MORE LOSSES -————-—-——---—^——^-^— than any other company in the Live Stock Insurance business. WE PAY THEM PROMPTLY. q No insurance company BEARS A BETTER REPUTATION or can show a CLEANER RECORD. <f Write or call on us WITHOUT DELAY. DELAYS, it must be remembered, ARE DANGEROUS. THE BRITISH EMPIRE INSURANCE COMPANY P. O. Box 1088 300 to 810 Johnston and Howe Block, Vancouver, B. C. (opposite hotel Vancouver) Phone 552 Fruitful, Fertile Fort George Farms For $3.00 an acre Cash, and Balance in 5 yearly payments. We are offering- some choice Fort George Farm Lands on the above terms. This land is quite close to the main line of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, and close to the town of Fort George. For full information, booklets, maps, etc., mail the coupon attached. THE NORTH COAST LAND COMPANY, LIMITED 4IO-4II-4I2 WINCH BUILDING, VANCOUVER, B. C. Please mail full particulars of your Fort George Lands to »2>.«..»~«>«~«~«M«n«~«~«.^..«..«.^M«..*..«..a..«.>«..*..«..»..«..*..*..«..«..«..«..*..«..*.>«.>«.l ■«•■.•■.••.••«■■.••.•..••.■•.•■.•■«••.•■.••.■•.••.■•.•■.■•.••«...••«•...•«•. ..••••-•-••••••£* Beautiful Burnaby, South Vancouver and Point Grey BLJR1VHBY—High and dry 50 foot lots, close to car and fine roads. Electric light, water and telephone available. Prices only $180.00 up to $250.00; quarter cash, balance easy. SOUTH VANCOUVER—Fine large building lots close to car. City conveniences. $100.00 handles, balance spread over five years. POINT GREY—Beautiful homesites overlooking the Fraser River and Gulf of Georgia, close to the city's main artery, Granville Street. Moderate Prices, easy terms. SPECIALISTS IN GRANDVIEW HOMES BROWN REALTY CO, 603 Victoria Drive, Corner Keefer and Victoria Drive .........♦.................^................■.II.M».'»II.M."»"."»"."«"»"." VANCOUVER, B. C. »>"»•»>■«•« »•"»"»«•>" i f ...4. KERRISDALE FICTS The sc hool grounds comprise 10 acres, (Haveyou miles. Watermains will be laid in 5 months, want an acre send in your name at once as . a boy?) Fine lo propose The carfare is only 5c. The distance from the P ;s can be bought by paying $100 down, balance ove to cut up 5 acres in acre blocks. (Acre blocks are APPLY ast Office r 2 years, scarce.) is only 4 or if you 532 ROOM 4 -- GRANVILLE ST. H . w. W 1 N D L E VANCOUVER, B. C. * WOODWORKERS LIMITED "WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of building material. Office and Factory: 3843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIA. B.C. .«.«..«..»-•-(..•..•..•. ■»■■»■.-■.•■«-«■-»■•.••«■•.•■.••»■.. .. .. »-.■■«■■«■->■ THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 S "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory^ f Zh* progressive Brokerage, financial and Industrial Tirms and Institutions of British Columbia. Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN & CO. Real Estate and Insuranoe. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Real Estate Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. E. C. B. BAGSHAWE & CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLLINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 240a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. JOHN M. CHAPPBLL Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTHIE & WISHART Real Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. FRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD & SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone 3202 329 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Tel. 5852 GOODYEAR & MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 106 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C .....-......«.....£. I SHAMROCK LIVTRY I TEAMINGandFEEDSTABLES j E. 0RANDY AND SON | Post Office Address: PORT ALBERNI, B. C. ♦$«'»"."t"«~»".~.".»..^~....'«.........«.^.....»~..^....^..#..f....l LEONARD & REID Real Estate and Pire Insuranoe Mining Properties in Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insurance, Commission Agts. Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN & AFFLETON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT & WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, "Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W, VANCOUVER, B. C. HEWLINGS & CO. Real Estate, Timber, Etc. Phone 1734 Room 4, 1109 Broad St. VICTORIA, B. C. HINKSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. | VICTORIA, B. C. T. HODGSON Real Estate and Insurance Box 604 - NANAIMO, B. C. ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R 1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. F. Moncreiff P. E. Townshend W. P. MONCREIFF & CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT & FELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. Res.: 3030 Quadra St. Office Phone 2418 E. HENDERSON & CO. Farms, Timber and! Mines FRUIT LANDS 711 Yates Street Room 1, Sylvester Block VICTORIA, B, C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumra . H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. FATTULO & RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707% Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. CHAS. L. PARKER Broker and Commission Agent Suite 50-51, 429 Pender St. Phone 3859 - VANCOUVER, B. C. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SHAW REAL ESTATE CO. City, Timber, Farm and Fruit Lands 707% Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH & SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith. W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 Phone 1743 F. H. SEABROOK & CO. Real Estate and Timber Phone 4043 316 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT & LETTS Real Estate and Insurance .Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. ^..^..W.».W.^.~....~.~>~».».«..^W...»l..l.>■■.■■■■■>■■'.■■.■■»M....H|» * • i E. J. Bright T. A. McQueen The Capital City Realty Co. REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE AGENTS 618 Yates St. Phone 2162 VICTORIA,B.C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 41 W. EDMONDS PRACTICAL HORSESHOER 4* 4» * INTERFERING and LAMENESS SUCCESSFULLY TREATED Prompt Attention to Orders 1019 WESTMINSTER AVENUE VANCOUVER, B. C. $ SHORTHAND IN 30 DAYS AT YOUR OWN HOME OR AT SCHOOL Western Business College 709 DUNSMUffi. ST., VANCOUVER, B.C. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ THE GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO, Real Estate, Insurance and Commission Agents GRANDVIEW 66 ft. on Fourth Ave. close to Nanaimo Rd., $2300. Terms. KITSILANO 100 ft. on First Ave., west of Yew St., $7300. Terms over two years. First Ave. is now being graded from Yew St. W. BUSINESS PROPERTY 25 ft. on east side of Hornby St., close to Pender, $15000. The location makes this the best buy on the street. IffSg^ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ i ♦ ♦ 1017 Granville Street VANCOUVER, B, C, f ► ♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ m^*^m@®^Wm£&Mf&m WAIT for SUNNYSIDE The Big Red Apple District of British Columbia Unexcelled Climate :: Richest Soil Five and Ten Acre Blocks LOW PRICED 1 EASY TERMS ROSS AND SHAW 318 HASTINGS STREET WEST VANCOUVER, B. O. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVEBTISEMENTS Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 :a Jly^ Phone 3097 PIPER & COMPANY ORGANIZING C. T. W. Piper General Manager' THE BRITISH GAS AND LIGHT I COMPANY, LIMITED f MAKE YOUR OWN GAS for COOKING and LIGHTING INDIVIDUAL GAS SYSTEMS Showing our Gas Lighting and Heating Plant, the Greatest Invention of the Age. We Guarantee Satisfaction. Office and Salesrooms * 1075 Granville Street VANCOUVER, B, G Highest Award BLUE RIBBON OF MERIT Vancouver's Great Exhibition mo Our Wonderful Gas Producer Instantaneous Water Heater Superb Lighting System and Gas Ranges MtWWBt An. (tw Latimlnf- [Hot Water, with our Wonderful Heaters Dear Sir or Madam: A HUNDRED DOLLAR BILL enclosed for you would not begin to compare in value with the advice herein contained, which actually offers a means of cutting one of your largest bills down every month for all time to come, as well as giving you the most up-to-date lighting and heating plant that it is possible for you to have. Unless you are a millionaire, you cannot afford to leave our proposition without careful investigation. Is there trouble somewhere—staggering bills and unsatisfactory lights? The time has come when you must move for a remedy. OUR GAS MACHINE is a solution of your difficulties. It knocks at your door, offering the BEST LIGHT known to science in twice the volume, cheaper than city gas, electricity or acetylene. It is for your good that you recognize it and let it in your residence or store, that you may save money that you are paying for your present lights. Bear in mind that you take no chances with our system for LIGHTING, HEATING, COOKING, etc. Our machine is fully GUARANTEED to do just as represented, and if it fails in any respect, out it comes without expense to you. Our GAS SYSTEM is demonstrated in our Showroom every Wednesday and Saturday afternoon by a competent cook, and we will be pleased to go into detail on any point you do not understand. Hoping to hear from you promptly with an order or for further information, we remain, Yours truly, PIPER & COMPANY. PIPER & COMPANY, 1075 Granville St., Vancouver, B. C. Name Without any obligation on me, please send me at once, free, your illustrated Address catalogue, with full explanation of your Lighting", Heating and Cooking System. IB: =B THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES I s □ Page 3 BraBtgraSJg63BBtgMlgEHt«B]B ROSENBERG VIEW Blocks 2 and 3, District Lot 200 BEAUTIFUL view lots with southern slope, five minutes from Fraser Avenue and five minutes from car when track is continued to connect with the Eburne-Westminster line. The B. C. Electric Railway Company is under contract to go to Page Road in eight months, and will probably make the other connection at the same time. We will guarantee to clear and grade all lots, streets and lanes, leaving the property ready to build on. There is a great demand now for cheap property, and this exactly fills the bill. LOTS $400 UP Terms : $50 cash and $50 quarterly ; or one-quarter cash, balance 6, 12 and 18 months. Latimer, Ney &McTavish,Ltd. Office Open Evenings /fig Pendez Stzeet W. % X)ancouvez, B. C. nniMWintTarMi British Columbia Fruit Land s There is no better investment on earth than a 10-acre fruit farm in British Columbia. Hundreds of people are making a comfortable living off from 5 to 10 acres. The fame of British Columbia as a country of wonderful opportunities is becoming world wide. s,;; J¥| We solicit inquiries regarding any kind of investments in British Columbia. DOMINION TRUST BUILDING VANCOUVER, B. C. LHJiUiEMT trmertr m THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES 19/0 BBaasmaMiiaMMBfl cir,ltgwt'r^iy'«raffTii% The PERMANENT HAIR WAVE Makes Your Hair as Beautiful as if Waved by Mother Nature CHE Permanent Wave is new to Vancouver, but has attained great vogue in London, Paris and New York. In addition to its beautifying effect, it benefits the hair. The wave is not destroyed, but is enhanced by dampness and shampooing. Not for many months, until the hair grows out, do you have to think of keeping it in wave. The wave is there, in all its freshness and beauty. I have tested its durability carefully, and have been charmed by the results. Now I am introducing it in Vancouver with great success. It is one of the most scientific and satisfactory aids to beauty yet devised, a real boon to women who desire to be attractive at all times. It is absolutely non-injurious. In considering the Wave, however, do not forget my LAUNDRY FOR FACES, in which you can have your face washed in a wonderfully cleansing and nourishing warm oil and ironed with a gently heated electric iron, resulting in a freshening of the complexion which will arouse the admiration of your friends. I am now carrying a full line of Gentlemen's Toupees. Outside orders respectfully solicited. Write for particulars. MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largest, Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast 723 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. *Pllone iooo THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS J 19/0 OPPORTUNITIES Page 5 W. BROWN Telephones 1193, R7811, L1533 W. H. BROWN Notary Public W. C. MacBETH WE ARE BUSY COME AND SEE US Properties are starting to move in this DISTRICT, now is your chance to get in and make money. We have these properties exclusive, and the beauty of these lots is they are all cleared and ready to build on. " CONSIDER THESE PRICES Come and we will take you on the ground. They are all close to the carline. Knight Road, 8 lots, only $1500 each 21st ave., 8 lots, only $850 each 21st ave., 2 corners, only $1000 each Banks ave. 2 lots, only $850 each TERMS ARE EASY You will agree with us that this is the place to put your money; it will be as safe as the bank. MUTRIB & BROWN """IL'Ji/StfJE?i-f.'X'™ LYNN VIEW 57 ft. x 150 feet Prices: $250, $275 and $325 Payable either $100 down and $100 a year or $25 down and $25 quarterly or $5 down and $5 per month 10 per cent discount given if ail paid up in one year The Merchants Trust & Trading Co. Ltd., Financial Agents Cor. Pender and Burrard Sts., Vancouver Telephone 2733 ON THE FROMME ROAD NORTH VANCOUVER SURVEYOR'S REPORT. Vancouver, May 18th, 1910. Part of D. L. 2004, Gt., N.W.D., North Vancouver. I have surveyed this property and find it to be an excellent parcel of land ; having a southerly slope, good view, and gravelly soil, which insures good drainage, and is almost clear of brush. This property is in every way a most desirable subdivision. (Signed) Frank Sweatman, B.C.L.S. We are building several ts strictly Modern Bungalows on 66 ft. lots in :: :: :: KERR These can be built to suit your own requirements for a small cash payment and Balance as Rent Foster & Fisher 310 Hastings Street West I SPEC I ML. We offer a new 10 room, thoroughly up-to-date home (now under construction), situated on First Avenue, Kitsilano, on top of the hill, with exceptional view of the City and Gulf. The terms can be arranged to suit purchaser. See us for full particulars Lougheed & Coates 4-29 Pender Street West rxrxxrxxrxxxxxxxx.'exxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx: THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN uacxxrxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxixxxxxxxxxxrxxrxrx For the Best and most satisfactory forms of " Accident Insurance I or Health Policies I H H covering every form or Accident or B Sickness, see our latest proposition. H General Agent for B. C. for the h TRAVELLERS INSURANCE GOT Hartford, Conn. g W, W, DRESSER 438 Pender St., w\, VANCOUVER, B. C. B tljJ.i^LXIIXJXIXaXXXIXZIIIXriTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT,fTTTTTTTTTTTTITTT"TTYT"TTITITT1-"IT^ EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 19/0 GEORGE B. ELLISON, Managez Phone 7861 Modern Rooms French Grill 320 ABBOTT STREET INVESTORS OPPORTUNITIES We offer the following* Securities for sale, subject to confirmation:— 500 B.C. Pulp & Paper .31 5000 American Can. Oil .13 1000 Diamond Coal .57 5000 Royal Collieries (pld.) .20 1000 Portland Canal .301 1000 Royal Collieries (free) .26£ 2200 Olga Mines (pooled) .08 12 Pacific Loan Bid 5000 Amal. Dev. Co. Bid 100 Michigan Pacific Lumber Co. $12.50 5000 B. C. Amal. Coal. OH 200 B. C. Oil Refining .55 1000 International Coal .71 200 Nugget Gold .96 100 Red Cliff 1.10 1000 Canadian N. W. Oil .12 1000 Maricopa Oil .40 500 Carmannah Coal .40 5000 Bear River Canon .05 We are Agents for the Victoria-Senora Mining Company of Mexico. Full particulars on application. 0. H. BOWMAN & COMPANY STOCK BROKERS P. O. Box 1048 8 Mahon Building VICTORIA, B. C. PROPERTIES in every D. L. around Vancouver WESTMINSTER ROAD. Why wait for the Earls road extension to be constructed? Best buying around Vancouver to-day. Near Victoria road $30 ft. up VICTORIA ROAD on carline, choice positions, 68 ft. Bodwell corner $3400. 34 ft. north James, $1300 CEDAR COTTAGE Residential Lots near car $400 and up PORT MANN. Get our free map, for quick profits we recommend buying here. The Pioneer Agents near f Cedar Cottage THE 321 PENDER STREET LAKE DO YOU WANT CASH? Agreements of Sale Bought MJUMaKMBB CHOICE $550 up THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 r n VANCOUVER, B. C. CONTENTS. NOVEMBER, 1910. Page. Apples 11 The Man Behind the Apple Show (Joseph Herbert) 1 5 Opportunities in Forest Products (Judson F. Clark Ph.D.) 1 7 British Columbia in Moving Pictures (Norman S. Ranfyin) 19 Success in Small Farming (Thompson Tinn) 21 Irrigation in British Columbia 22 Victoria Council's Work for Good (C. Spofford) 23 Some Phases of Women's Works 24 Doings of the Women's Organizations ; 25 Industrial Progress in British Columbia .26 British Columbia's Financial Strength (D. von Cramer) 28 Steady Movement in Real Estate 30 Among the Brokers 30 Book Review (Opinions of Mary) 31 A City Made to Order 32 The Kootenay Fruit Country (C. W. Esmond) 34 Opportunities in Sugar Beets 35 L J 91. OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. HUTCHINSON BLOCK VANCOUVER, B. C. Gentlemen:— Please enter ™* name as a subscriber to your paper for one year, for which Je agree to pay One Dollar in advance. CLASSIFIED OPPORTUNITIES. With this issue of Opportunities begins a department of classified business opportunities. The object of this department is to tell much in little space. If you have a particular piece of property to sell, if you want a partner, if you are in the market with any legitimate proposition, to sell, or buy, or exchange, if you desire to make to the public any offer which will hardly justify a display ad., this department of classified opportunities is the place for you. Classified advertisements are a comparatively new departure in monthly magazines, but there has been a wide recognition of their merit in meeting the requirements of a need which display advertising is in most instances too cumbersome to supply. Classified advertisements, which are modest calls for the cooperation of others in the work of getting along in the world, make interesting reading, and all wide awake persons do read them. They cost but little. Our rate is twenty-five cents a line, with a minimum charge of one dollar. They reach, in this magazine, aboul twenty thousand readers. The outlay is so very little, in comparison with the results they are likely to bring, that advertisers who do not need big advertising are using more and more these small but effective voices for reaching the ear of the listening public. CLASIFIED ADS. ARE you satisfied with your present salary? Would you like to increase it? If so, write NOW to Department A, Opportunities. WANTED—A live wire in every community. Good salary, pleasant work. Address Box ioo, Opportunities. ROOMING HOUSES. WE have the most select list of 'West End rooming houses in the city. Only desirable places handled. Prices $400 to $10,000. Golden Rule Brokerage, 1117 Granville St., Phone 5346. FRUIT LAND. GRAHAM ISLAND is situated 80 miles west of the Prince Rupert coast. There may be found that rich loam and clay sub-soil so well known on Lulu Island. Combined with this it has one of the most delightful climates in British Columbia. Prince Rupert is its natural market, as may be seen from its situation. Sold in small tracts from $10 up. Star Realty Co., 433 Granville Street. Phone 7563. OF INTEREST TO BUILDERS. WE have some choice building lots in Kitsilano District. Prices right. These lots are cleared, ready to build on, and are also good buys as an investment. John M. Park, 1x17 Granville Street. f P P O R TjU N I T I E A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. S OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Manager HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief PAUL W. TROUSDALE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 2 NOVEMBER, 1910 No. 5 EDITORIAL We were informed the other day, in a tone of criticism, that this was a "boosting" magazine. We admitted readily that such was the case. While we are not particularly infatuated with the word "boost," there is much in the meaning of the word that appeals to us. To "boost," means to elevate, to raise up. The fact that the word has become associated with a tendency to lift up the thing boosted a little higher than may be altogether necessary, does not detract from the good work which the word represents. If "boosting" is not carried too far, if it is consistent with facts, it is the best thing in the world for a new country or a new community. < For example, if Christopher Columbus, upon his return to the court of Spain after his voyage of discovery, had refrained from extolling the wonders of the new land, there would have been a considerable delay in the development of the Western Hemisphere. But Christopher Columbus was not so ultra- conservative that he neglected to tell Queen Isabella all about his great discovery. He was a "booster." Because of the limitations of time and language he could, however, describe only a small part of what he had seen; nor could he have any conception of what the newly discovered continent was to become. We make no pretentions to being anything like Christopher Columbus, yet in talking about British Columbia, we are confronted by a difficulty somewhat similar to his. Our gaze into to the mists of the future can give us only a very vague and inadequate idea of the great destiny of this Province. We can not begin to do justice to what has already been accomplished here. We intend, however, to do our best to tell the story. We expect to "boost," to "talk big," as the saying goes; to be as eloquent as is within our power, for the very simple reason that the facts about British Columbia are big and eloquent. We are doing this not only because our theme inspires it, but also because we consider it a duty to the many thousands who are struggling amid oppressed conditions, in places where conditions are congested, where custom and power and wealth in the hands of a few have made life difficult for the many. There are, for example, a host of such persons in Old England. We want to feel that we have played a part in showing some of these people "a way out." The old countries of the world have the population. Their people need land and opportunities. We have the land and opportunities. We need the population. In publishing this magagine we are endeavoring to bridge these needs. Opportunities goes to numerous parts of England, to South Africa, to Australia, to remote regions like the Upper Nile, to many sections, in brief, where there are English speaking people who have heard of the wonderful development of British Columbia. Our magazine has already been influential in bringing new settlers to this Province. As time goes on it will be a factor in pointing out to more and more people the paths to prosperity which, in British Columbia, are so many. In this work, we desire, of course, to be as successful as possible, and therefore we have formulated plans to make the magazine more and more comprehensive and truly representative of this Province. We have, for instance, arranged for a series of papers on the natural resources of British Columbia; for a series on the present status and the promise of manufacturing here; for a series dealing with the life stories of British Columbia's most successful citizens. We publish each month a review of all the industrial progress of the Province; we aim to keep our readers thoroughly informed upon all the real estate, building, and other important phases of the upbuilding of this commonwealth. We believe that what we are doing and what we intend to do in this magazine is a work which entitles us to the support of everybody who is interested in the progress of British Columbia. While the Province is already well known, there are a multitude of people whose information about its present and its promise is extremely meagre. The Province needs publicity, more publicity and still more publicity. The better support we get the more we can do in supplying this need. Opportunities is distinctively a British Columbia publication. It is devoted to this section and this alone. Any cooperation which we receive in proclaiming to the world at large the great merits of the Province for business and home life will be a good investment. It is very likely to bring direct results from among our thousands of readers, and will lend just that much assistance in the big work of forwarding British Columbia's onward march. Vol. II. OPPORTUNITIES HUTCHINSON BLOCK. VANCOUVER, B. C, NOVEMBER, 1910. No. 5 ^~ F^OR ages the apple has been .: called the king of fruits. This sounding title is supposed to do it honor, but a much better idea of its true status in the world can be conveyed by saying that the apple is becoming more and more important as a stepping-stone to independence and contentment. It is a symbol of clean-cut and honest opportunity, out under the open sky. In the spring, when nature is calling to humanity, the city man still must find his means of livelihood under roofs,. in accounts and ledgers, while the orchard owner sees his prosperity in a wealth of fragrant blossoms. In the summer, when the city man is still toiling in the close confines of walls, the orchard owner, drawing in with every breath the vigor of fresh breezes and pure air, is watching his maturing fruit. In the autumn, when the city man is yet bending over books, the orchard owner is harvesting his red and golden apples. And in the winter, when he reckons up his financial profits, he finds them greater, as a rule, than those of the man who has turned his back on nature in an office. Appreciation of this is growing. The call of the orchards is receiving a greater and greater response in cities. Many men who used to strive and struggle in overcrowded businesses and professions have solved in fruit growing the problem of making the most of life. This is particularly true in the Pacific Coast states of the domain of Uncle Sam, and in even larger measure it will become true in British Columbia. The apple and other fruits in this Province are prophecies of a golden future. In the lives of numerous men here the apple blossom will become the symbol of their rise to affluence and contentment. In generations to come there will be many families which might fittingly, if such ornaments survive, adopt delicate blossoms, instead of shields, as the ground-work of their coats-of-arms, thus bespeaking the advance of civilization to an era in which will be celebrated the conquests of peace and plenty instead of those of war and hardship. In history we read of the triumphant celebrations of Roman warriors when they returned to Rome. In the present year, during the first week in November, we may see in Vancouver, the triumph of the apple. Never in all its reign has the king of fruits been paid such honor as upon the occasion of the first National Apple Show. It is interesting to glance for a moment at the monarchs of the orchards receiving the homage of the public. In the Horse Show Building's big arena, gayly bedecked with flags and filled with music, two millions of the finest members of the kingly clan of Pomona, in boxes arranged in tiers and rows, are being gazed at and admired by thousands of visitors. Judges stroll about, decorating some of the boxes with ribbons of royal blue, and holding discussions as to which of these fruit aristocrats shall share the twenty-five thousand dollars in prize money, or be awarded medals. It is a proud occasion for the apples, but its importance lies in the fact that it will mean much for the fruit growing industry in this Province. Never be- a;limb op APPLES IN FORTUNE'S ORCHARD, SALMON ARIf •5m Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 \r fore has the British Columbia apple been so effectively advertised; never before has the business of growing apples here received so strong an impetus. The apple show will call wide attention to the notable opportunities which this Province presents in fruit growing. These opportunities are based upon nearly ideal climatic and soil conditions; upon the availability of great areas of fine orchard lands at more moderate prices than prevail in other regions where the natural conditions are equally good; and upon constantly improving rail and water connections between- British Columbia and the great markets of the world. Since many men are now starting along the path to financial independence through the orchards, it is worth while to touch, in brief outline, upon the situation which confronts them. Let us suppose that you are one of these, that you have a modest amount of money, plenty of industry and intelligence, and a zest for the comparatively happy occupation of successfully raising fruit. Among the first questions you will consider, of course, is that of the cost of good fruit lands in favorable localities. You will find that there i-s a wide variation in prices, which are dependent less upon the adaptability of the soil for fruits than upon whether the regions in which the lands are located have already established reputations in the fruit markets, and upon the accessibility of the lands to a railroad. The Okanagan Valley and the Koot- enays in general comprise the fruit section of British Columbia best known as yet in the markets of this continent and Europe. The high reputation of its apples in particular brings them a ready sale at excellent prices. The Okanagan Valley and the Kootenays lie in the south central part of the Province, and consist of bottom lands along the big lakes, and benches reaching like huge steps up the mountain slopes. The climate is dry, with a great deal of sunshine. The weather in the win or is clear and bracing, with a comparatively light snowfall, and a temperature which does not often fall below the zero mark. The soil for the most part is a volcanic clay or loam, reaching deep and lidding moisture. Excellent fruit lands in the Okanagan, cleared for orchards and provided with water for irrigation when necessary, may be obtained for sums ranging from two hundred dollars to four hundred dollars an acre. Ten acres gives you a tract of about the right size for the \ beginning, although not a few fruit farmers are deriving substantial incomes from five acres of mature trees. You need not, of course, pay for your orchard all at once. A first payment of a thousand dollars, or even less, is accepted upon a ten acre tract at the average price of three hundred dollars an acre, and in the matter of the further payments the land companies pursue a liberal and helpful policy toward the man who is doing his best. There is never any de sire to "cinch" him. Uncleared land of excellent quality may be obtained, of course, at prices much lower than that which is asked for acreage ready for the orchard. Your first step after you have acquired your land is naturally the cultivation of it. There is no space here to describe the details of cultivation, so we will pass on to the trees, in their relation to initial costs. For ten acres you will need a thousand trees, that is, one hundred to the acre. It is well to alternate with apple and peach trees, planting the former thirty feet apart, and (lie latter in between. These trees will cost from twenty-five to thirty dollars a hundred for the best, and you should have none but the best. They should not be more than two years old, and yearlings are even better. Adding their cost of about three hundred dollars to your first payment of a thousand dollars on the land, you have an outlay in the beginning of about thirteen hundred dollars for an excellent ten acre farm in a highly favorable locality. In addition to this expense, there is, of course, that of building a cosy little home on the property and numerous incidentals. Twenty-five hundred dollars is a conservative estimate of the sum you out to have to start. It must be remembered that even the trees that will be the first to put you in the market as a fruit seller will not do so in less than five years, and that some of the varieties of apples which will eventually become of the greatest com- HOME OF A FRUIT FARMER 1910 OPP OR T-UNlTIfiS Page tl mercial value in the orchard will hang back for seven or eight years before contributing to your bank account. This sounds rather appalling. You will exclaim that you can't live for five years on what is left of twenty-five hundred dollars after the land company, the nurseryman, the lumber dealer, and numerous others, have been satisfied with checks. Nobody expects you to. While you are waiting for the fruit you may put your land to other dollar-producing uses Tn the orchard between the trees j'ou may plant strawberry vines, potatoes, beets, and other vegetables, which will spring up speedily to your aid, and, if you are properly diligent, will do a great deal, even during the first year, to keep the wolf from howling around the door. When at last the apple trees reach their period of full production you may safely figure upon a profit of a hundred dollars each season for each acre of the trees. This is a very conservative estimate. The profits per acre in some orchards are in multiples of one hundred dollars, but the personal equation has much to do with these larger yields. Some men, as is well known, are much more successful than others in whatever they undertake. Besides your returns on apples and other varieties of the bigger fruits, you have those on your vegetables and berries. The strawberry, for instance, is looming up more and more prominently as an income-maker for the British Columbia fruit farmer. You can, moreover, as your revenues grow, increase your orchard acreage. As a general statement, it may be said that it will be your own fault if you don't find prosperity and con*tentment on your fruit farm. APPLE PICKING, SALMON ARM Yet there are pitfalls—dangers to b® avoided. In selecting a site for an or7 chard, for example, you will be wif® to choose one situated on a bench rather than in a bottom land. If you had started several years ago you would probably have accepted the belief current at that time and would have considered the bottom lands the more desirable, but experience has taught a different lesson. It has been learned at considerable cost that light frosts will nip and kill the tender blossoms in the lowlands when those on the benches are uninjured. This is because there is a better circulation of air, or what is called air drainage, on the higher ground, where the free play of the breeze banishes the frost more quickly than does the more stationary air below. Even on the benches there may be depressions which Jack Frost finds congenial. The fruit grower must avoid the "frost pockets," wherever they may be. Another important precaution against the light frosts of spring is to select for the orchard a western rather than an eastern slope. On the latter the sun strikes the blossoms too early on a frosty morning. The petals, exerting all their power to resist the cold, find the change to warm sunshine too sudden. The shock to their systems, so to speak, causes them promptly to give up the ghost. On the western slope, on the other Jaand, the warmth comes so grad- ually that the blossom has time to make a readjustment, and emerges from the ordeal as strong as ever. Another advantage of the western exposure lies in the fact that here the blossom receives for a longer period the benefit of the genial sunshine of afternoon. It must not be assumed from these remarks on means to avoid the menace of frosty mornings that these are any more prevalent in the region tinder consideration than they are elsewhere in northern climes. The truth is that they are-;^ less prevalent than in numerous more southerly latitudes in the United States, for the reason that the benign winds of the Japanese current blow from the Pacific Ocean across the mountains into central British Columbia. It is only that everywhere in the north temperate zone Jack Frost, banished by the sun from the domain in which he held sway, likes to steal back in the night and kill the growing things that have dared to raise their heads upon the assumption that his reign is over. In the rich and beautiful valleys of the Kootenay and Okanagan lakes there are great areas of land, fine for fruit farming, "which are still awaiting the coming of the industrious and competent. Many of the Okanagan tracts need irrigation, but water for this is provided by the various municipalities, which have taken over the water rights of -companies and individuals, and, by means of flumes and ditches, supply, in a manner fair to everybody, plenty of moisture at a rate of from two and a half dollars to five dollars an acre annually. Thus the settler need not worry about his water supply, but he needs* to give -careful attention to the proper use of it. Methods of irrigation Have been blocks over which many a fruit •farmer has stumbled into error. Those who do not know have an idea that the more the merrier is a good rule of irrigation. They keep their orchards well liquidified until August days have come, Page 12 O P P O RT UNITIES 1910 \s with the result that their apples become "water-logged," if the term may be used. They lack sugar, and flavor, and keeping qualities. It sometimes happens that a man buys a piece of ground of the porous sort. In this case he must keep irrigating frantically until the end, like a man pouring water futilely through a sieve. The moral is that he should avoid this gravelly soil, which is good only for hay and vegetables. If the farmer has good land for fruit, as most of those in the south central part of British Columbia have, he should forget all about irrigation after the first of July and depend during the remainder of the summer upon cultivation. There is, however, such a thing as a too frequent turning of the earth. Just where to stop is a matter to be determined by the fruit farmer's individual judgment, which, by the way, must be applied many times, in many different ways, in the process of building up a successful fruit farm. After the harvest has been gathered the proper system is to encourage the growth of a cover crop of weeds and grasses, which, when turned under, give body to the soil. These growths may be stimulated in the early fall by irrigation. It is true that there are some fruit men who contend that this fall moistening has a tendency to make the trees too soft to wholly withstand the bite of winter, but the best experience is that this is not the case unless the trees have been debilitated by irrigation through July and into August. There are, of course, numerous other considerations in the fine art of developing and making the most of an apple orchard. For instance, there is the pruning. Even more important is the spraying. Old- fashioned growers have been inclined to scoff at spraying. Until recently the majority of those of Eastern Canada have overlooked the value of this effective defence against the attacks of injurious insects. On the other hand, it has been realized vividly by the fruit men of British Columbia, where the inspection is the most rigid kind. This Province has been in the vanguard in adopting and advancing the best methods in fruit growing, and this is one of the big reasons why British Columbia apples are coming so strongly and rapidly to the front. The conditions of fruit growing so far touched upon have been those which prevail in the Okanagan Valley and the Kootenays only because these regions have been the first to achieve prominence in the fruit industry, and not because they are in any way superior to a number of other sections of the Province. The Salmon Arm district, for example, gives high promise of becoming one of the greatest fruit growing centers on the continent. Good fruit lands here are as yet cheaper than in the Okanagan Valley, uncleared tracts selling for fifty dollars an acre, and those which are ready for orchard cultivation ranging upward from one hundred and fifty dollars an acre. A great advantage in the Salmon Arm section lies in the fact that no irrigation is required. Practically all of the orchards are still young, but those which have entered the producing class are showing a yield which throws a golden light upon the future of the Salmon Arm orchards. This season's production of one of these, consisting of five acres, was six thousand boxes, which sold in the market for $8,000. The direct cost of harvesting, packing and shipping these was thirty-five cents a box, or $2,100, leaving the orchard owner with $6,900 to pay for the work of himself and his family during the two-thirds of the year devoted to orchard cultivation and apple growing. This instance is not cited as the most conspicuous example of success in the apple industry at Salmon Arm, but merely because the orchard is one of the most advanced in the section, and illustrates what others may achieve through the efficient cultivation of small acreages of Salmon Arm orchard lands. While the conditions for fruit raising on the mountain benches of Salmon Arm are ideal, the outlook for the industry in some other sections of the rovmce is equally promising. Tl us SOME APPLES is true of Lulu Island and the neighbor- 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 13 ing country along the Fraser River. A peculiarity here is that the Chinook winds give the lie, so to speak, to the degrees of latitude, and cause a climatic mildness in which flourish certain varieties of peaches, apricots, grapes and some other fruits that are generally regarded as almost semi-tropical. It is predicted that within a few years Lulu Island will become a wonderland of orchards. Several other sections are attracting attention for their promise in fruit production. Some excellent varieties of apples are grown along the coast of the mainland, and Vancouver Island, which is just beginning to awaken to its possibilities, is already pouring a wealth of fruit into British Columbia's horn of plenty. In considering the outlook for the fruit industry and its opportunities in this Province the big factors to be remembered are that British Columbia fruits have a high and steadily widening reputation, that the markets for them are constantly expanding, and that the facilities for reaching the markets are continually improving. The supply at present is not large enotigh to supply the demand of even the home people and of those of the Canadian prairies. Yet the East, and England, and Australia, and South Africa, are calling: more and more insistently for >ntish Columbia fruit. An apple dealer recently shipped from Vancouver to Australia many thousands of boxes of apples which he obtained in Oregon. He said that he would have much preferred to have consigned British Columbia apples, but that, at the time, he could not obtain a sufficient quantity. One of the largest fruit importing houses in Cape Town, South Africa, has notified a fruit growers' association here that next season they will want fifteen thousand cases of our apples, and that each year will probably see a large increase in the order. People in civilized countries are eating fruit more and more, and more and more the leading dealers in the big markets are turning toward the British Columbia product. In the fruit growing centers there is great activity in keeping pace with this growing demand. The Kootenay district and the Boundary district, which embraces the Okanagan, have grown this season about fifty-eight car-loads of apples, a production which is at least double that of last year. Thousands of young orchards will add their quota to the total in two or three years, and the apple output will probably be trebled yearly. This progressive movement in the fruit industry is being materially aided by the provincial government, which/ in addition to what it has already done for fruit growing has completed plans for establishing twenty-five demonstration orchards, for the purpose of giving object lessons in the best methods for obtaining the largest returns for fruit labor and investment. For the purposes of the de-' monstration orchards the Province has been divided into five fruit growing districts. Each of these will be in charge of a horticulturist, and all will be under the supervision of the chief horticulturist of the department of agriculture. Vancouver Island and the lower mainland will constitute one of these districts, and will have six orchards, two on the Island, one in the Delta, one near Chilliwack and two in the Dewd- ney riding. Another district will comprise Shuswap, Armstrong, Nicola, Salmon Arm, and Penneys, and will have four orchards, two in the constituency of Yale and two in that of Kamloops. A third district will include Vernon, Kelowna, Summerland, Pen-ticton and Keremeos, and will have either three or four orchards. The fourth district is made up of the regions of the Arrow Lakes, Kootenay, and the east Boundary. Arrow, Slocan and Kootenay lakes will each have one orchard, and there will be one near Cranbrook, one at Windermere, one at Rossland, and one at Midway. The fifth district will embrace Northern British Columbia, which will have two orchards, one in the Kitsumkalum, and one at Lake Lesse. While these demonstration orchards and the extensive new orchard lands will greatly increase the fruit production of the Province, this will not lessen prices, but will enhance them, for the reason that it will bring British Columbia fruit more strongly into the world's markets, and will cause orders in larger and larger volume to flow in this direction. It will be many years, if it ever happens at all, before growers SOME MORE APPLES Page 14 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 here will be able to meet the full demand for the fine specimens of the Northern Spy, the Jonathan, the Wealthy, the Yellow Newton, and the Spitzen- berg, and other varieties, for which the British Columbia orchards are already famous. These apples have all the qualities which are essential in a meritorious member of the family. It may be interesting to the beginner in apple lore to know just what these attributes are. One of the most important of them is the richness of the apple, as distinguished from insipidity. This richness is determined by the amount of sugar and malic acid the fruit contains in proportion to its other constituents. Another attribute is the flavor of the apple. This is a quality distinct from its richness. It is the perfume of the apple—a delightful aroma gained from a qertain volatile oil which all apples contain in greater or less degree. A third feature is the firmness of the apple. It should be firm, not spongy; crisp, not hard; tender, not soft; and have a melting quality without being too juicy. These characteristics of a good apple are dependent upon its cell structure. A fourth attribute is the apple's color. This is not a safe guide to the richness or flavor or firmness of the fruit, but is an important factor in the selling quality. A fifth consideration is the form of the apple. Those which are nearly globular are the most desirable because they are better adapted to packing. A sixth feature is size and uniformity. Generally speaking the size preferred has a diameter of about three inches and a weight of from six to eight ounces. Uniformity in shape is advantageous for the reason that it saves time and money. i m Mi; Wi YOUNG ORCHARD, GRAND FORKS, B. C. in sorting for shipment. A seventh characteristic in judging an apple is the skin. This should be smooth and tough, but thin, because it is protection of this kind that saves the fruit from the attacks of insects and renders it less liable to injury in handling and shipping. The eighth consideration is one of the core and seeds. The core should be small and the seeds few, thus giving the apple a greater proportion of the part which is useful to man. A ninth consideration lies in the time of the maturity of the apple. It is desirable that commercial varities in an orchard mature at about the same time, so that they can be harvested all at once. The tenth point is the adherence of the fruit to the tree. If it has a weak stem it falls to the ground, and is bruised if not unripe. This, of course, lessens the shipping product of an orchard. An attribute which might have been mentioned sooner in the list has to do with the cul- ir-w >%■**.<cv*k wr-?>!>■».< inary qualities of the apple.- Those which are sweet make insipid pies, but are best for baking. Those which are tart make the best pie and apple sauce. A final characteristic, of' much importance in shipping*to distant markets, is the staying quality of the apple. Those which decay easily are not, of course, as useful for the market as those which .remain sound for longer periods. All- apples are affected by climate and varying temperatures. Those which best resist these influences are naturally the best for commercial purposes. The history of the apple, since the time when Eve, in the Garden of Eden, handed one to Adam, is full of interest, but the story is a long one, and, to the people of British Columbia, the apple's future is more important than its past. It represents one of our big hopes, and presents sun-lit and happy opportunities. SfcfciSa TYPICAL B. C. ORCHARD PIONEER FRASER The First Settler of Salmon Arm 19/0 OPPORTUNITIES Page The Man Behind the Apple Show By Joseph Herbert A" LWAYS there is the man— ' the one man. A large work may have many phases, and engage a thousand minds, but behind it all is the main idea, the main plan, and this, if you trace it out, leads to a single individuality. Here we find the central power station, so to speak,—the propelling thought, as intangible in itself as any other, and yet a force which has set, perhaps, a host of human beings in motion. It is interesting to know about the source of the energy that is moving all these invisible strings of life. Who is the man? What is he? How did he happen to get into a position where his brain throbs cause so much stir? A large number of persons have already been very busy over the first Canadian National Apple Show. It will mean much in the near future and in the far future. It will give an impulse to apple growing in this Province which will bear directly upon the lives of thousands, for whom it will open new paths to prosperity and contentment. Appreciating the far reaching influence of this first big celebration of the Canadian apple, we look for the man behind, and find him easily. He stands out in a crowd—a personality. He has, to begin with his appearance, the looks and manner of the West. He wears a slouch hat, and his hair is a trifle long behind, although it is not noticeable in front. He has a flowing and graceful contour of mustache, the prominent nose and chin, the optimistic eye, the breezy manner, and the lengthy slim- ness which seem to be typical of the son of the Golden West, as we know him in looks, and see him, in these days, too infrequently. Yet Maxwell Smith, more western than most westerners, was transplanted from the heather. He was born in Scotland, but was a very young sapling when his parents brought him across the ocean to a farm in northwestern Ontario, and set him out, as it were, to absorb the sunshine. It is evident that he absorbed a good deal of it. This warmth for the source of life has been transmuted in Mr. Smith into enthusiasm, and this is the chief reason why he is the man behind the British Columbia apple. It requires no great keenness in reading human nature to know, upon short acquaintance, that when Mr. Smith really becomes interested in a thing he becomes enthusiastic. His interest in the apple began in the days of long ago back in his father's MAXWELL SMITH, FRUIT ENTHUSIAST AND MANAGER OF THE APPLE SHOW Ontario orchard. There were occasions when his interest was too great, when, being immature himself, he disturbed the apple when it, too, was immature, with the result that the apple punished him. But he does not hold this against it now. He gives it all honor. Since enthusiasm is born of imagination, Mr. Smith has the seeing eye which has enabled him to perceive thousands of orchards and millions of red apples where now there are only woods and -tones. He is not in the habit, however, of spending much time among the pictures of imagination. He is too busy turning them into actualities. He realized a good while ago that to bring the apple into its own in Canada in general and British Columbia in particular, its trumpet must be blown; the people of the world must be told that no better apple is grown on earth, and that in the apple lie golden opportunities for those who will come and take advantage of them. Hence the first Canadian National Apple Show. It was Mr. Smith's idea—a seed of thought which sprouted in his mind two years ago. The soil for this particular seed happened to be especially rich. No irrigation was required. The sun of enthusiasm shone upon it, and it had become robust by the time Mr. Smith brought it to the public gaze. Then he had to fight for it, as is usually the case when an infant idea that has any element of newness in it is brought to the attention of a callous world. There were plenty of people who could not sec Page 16 any fruit on this tree, and, with that confident wisdom which reaches its limit at the end of the nose, they decided that because the fruit was not already there, the tree was not worth cultivating. This often happens. The earth is unfortunately cumbered with a large number of persons who, if left to their own devices, would not have advanced beyond the stone age. Their great defect is a lack of imagination. They cannot help it, but they are not interesting, so we will forget them as speedily as possible and pass to those, who, in the case of the apple show, could see, when it was pointed out to them, a great expanse of orchards along the horizon of the future, and could see the •"Usefulness of the show in making these orchards real. They helped to cultivate this sapling of, an idea. In two years it has matured,-, and we see its fruit, the biggest apple show ever held anywhere. The man behind it is not as eloquent as many when asked to talk about himself. He told me briefly that he grew to young manhood on the Ontario farm, and then went to the western regions of the United States, where he followed commercial pursuits for a number of years. Ontario called to him, and he returned, engaging in the publishing business in Toronto. But he had become a westerner in spirit, and Toronto was already too effete. He struck out for the Last West eighteen years ago, and ever since then his home has been in Vancouver. The fire burns brightly on his hearth OPPORTUNITIES and is reflected in the eyes of his wife and children. When you visit him of an evening in the heart of his family the apples are passed around. It is the simple life, as becomes a man who has devoted his life to fruit. For seven years Mr. Smith was provincial fruit inspector, appointed by the Dominion Government. During this period he did much to improve the quality of British Columbia fruit. There had been carelessness and even deception in packing for the market. Some of the farmers could have been prosecuted, but few were, for the reason that Inspector Smith had a better way. He labored with the growers, lectured them, instructed them, carried on continually a campaign of education calculated to prove that absolutely legitimate methods in preparing fruit for the market, and careful and approved methods in growing, constitute by far the best policy not only for the industry as a whole, but also for the individual grower. In this work he did not spare himself. He has been known to travel two hundred miles to point to a single fruit farmer, by moral suasion, the error of his ways. The results more than justified the labor. A large part of the high reputation of British Columbia fruits in the great markets has been due to this campaign of education. But one is not told so by Mr. Smith. When you lead him around to the sub- ject of himself he becomes evasive and f910 swings back as quickly as possible to the fertile theme of the apple. You learn a great deal that is full of interest even to the man who merely eats apples. You learn of the remarkable and! steady increase in the consumption of apples, of markets which are growing so» big that there is no chance of ever glutting them, of a reciprocal trade in apples between British Columbia and Australia, since the harvest time here is* planting time there; of two million acres' of land in British Columbia which are highly favorable for orchards, of a thousand and one facts about the apple. One of the points which Mr. Smith emphasizes in his apple talks is that there are twenty-four hundred varieties grown in Canada where it would be better if there were only twenty-four. He strongly advises the growers of the different districts to concentrate upon those varieties which flourish best in these districts. In British Columbia, for instance, we should confine ourselves mainly to the Yellow Newtown Pippin, the Grimes Golden, the King of Tompkins, and the Spitzenberg. By careful devotion to these important members of the apple family, says Mr. Smith, they can be made to attain an excellence here which will be unsurpassed anywhere, and equalled in extremely few sections of the globe. People throughout the civilized world will want them. Already- fine, they are the harbingers of a prosperity which will be even greater than that of the British Columbia of today. f WATERING THE MILK AT SALMON ARM 19/0 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 Opportunities in Forest Products British Columbia will have the World's Greatest Lumber Industry By Judson F. Clark, Ph. D. Bi RITISH COLUMBIA is still distinctly in the pioneering stage—the stage when the disproportion of natural resources to population intoxicates the mind and holds out opportunities for the capable and energetic which are but dreams and memories in the older provinces and states. In no department of industry are the opportunities for men with brains and capital, or even with brains without the capital, greater than in the line of forest products. In the development of the lumber industry in the neighboring State of Washington we see the promise of the future of the industry in British Columbia. In 1880 the value of the product of the lumber industry of Washington was $1,700,000; in 1890, $17,500,000; in 1900, $30,300,000; in 1907, $100,000,000. This year the value of our forest products will be about $18,000,000, or equal to that of Washington in 1890. In seventeen years (1890-1907) Washington increased her lumber output sixfold and rose from a very minor position as a lumber producing state to a position at the top of the list as the greatest lumber producing state in the world, a position of distinction which she has since retained and is likely to retain until dis- NOTE:—Few men on this continent are as well qualified to write of the timber and lumber industry as is Dr. Clark. With an extensive practical experience he combines a very unusual technical training in forestry. After his graduation from the agricultural college of the University of Toronto, he taught forestry in this college, and when Cornell University established in 1898, the first school of forestry in the United States, Dr. Clark was invited to teach forestry there. He rose to a full professorship at Cornell in 1901, and for the purpose of obtaining as comprehensive a knowledge as possible of forestry, he went to Europe and spent several months in a close study of the methods which have been evolved from hundreds of years of experience in conserving the great forests of Germany and other parts of the continent. In 1903 he went to Washington, D. C, as an expert on the staff of the United States Forest Service. He was Provincial Forester of Ontario from 1904 to 1906, when he came to British Columbia, where he has been managing director of the Continental Timber Company of Vancouver, secretary- treasurer of the British Columbia Timber and Forestry Chamber of Commerce, and consulting forester of the B. C. Lumber, Logging & Forestry Association. In response to a strong demand in Vancouver for scientific instruction on the best methods for conserving the great timber lands of British Columbia, Doctor Clark has within a few weeks taken a class in forestry which has been organized under the auspices of the Vancouver Board of Education.—Editor. (Natural Resource Series, No. 1) placed by British Columbia about ten years hence. British Columbia's advance to a preeminent position among the lumber and paper producing countries of the world is assured by its forest resources and by the development of its markets and transportation facilities. These same considerations also assure a much more rapid development than was realized in the State of Washington. British Columbia's resources in standing timber, taken in all three aspects of quality, quantity, and price, defy competition. As in Washington, the Douglas Fir is the most important tree on the southern portion of the coast. It frequently exceeds two hundred and fifty feet in height and reaches fifteen feet in diameter. In general, however, it runs from three to six feet in diameter and cuts from one hundred to two hundred lineal feet of logs. In quality of wood it resembles the Southern Yellow Pine, but, of course, gives much larger dimensions and a much larger proportion of clear lumber. Next to the Fir in importance is the Giant Arbor Vitae, or Red Cedar. It reaches a height of about one hundred and seventy feet, and averages three to six feet in diameter, though occasionally much larger. Already it supplies about seventy per cent, of the shingles consumed in Canada and the United States. The Spruce, which replaces the Douglas Fir on the northern coast, is at least equal to the best spruce elsewhere for pulp purposes, and on.account of its large size, gives a very much larger proportion of clear lumber. The Western Hemlock and the Balsam are trees of great size and beauty, and further excell their eastern cousins, the former by an entire absence of shake and brashiness of grain, and the latter by its uniform soundness. The sixth and only other important tree of the coast forests is the Cypress or Yellow Cedar. It has all the good qualities of the cedars, including great durability and evenness of texture, and possesses in addition a degree of strength and elasticity not to be found in any cedar. It is also a very beauti ful wood. Without doubt it is the coming canoe and b,oa$ builders' wood of the continent. But forests, no matter how magnificent, must await the development of markets and of transportation facilities before a great lumber industry may arise. British Columbia has been waiting in this sense for many centuries, but her day has now come. The lumber consumption of the world is rapidly decimating its resources in standing timber. North America, east of the mountains, is by far the greatest lumber market, consuming, in fact, more than all the rest of the world combined. Nor has this enormous demand shown any tendency to decrease with advancing prices; on the contrary, it has more than kept pace with the increase in population, and the latest statistics indicate a per capita consumption in North America of about four hundred cubic feet of wood, including five hundred feet board measure of sawn lumber. On the other hand, the diminishing of the forest resources of Eastern America has reached an acute stage. Three-fourths of the remaining forest resources of the continent lie west of the Rockies, while nine-tenths of the markets lie to the east. So much for the vast and growing hunger for wood products in the East, and the wonderful forest resources of the West. A word as to transportation developments. Already the products of the British Columbia forests—notwithstanding our limited rail facilities and DOUGLAS FIRS NEAR VANCOUVER Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 19/0 a freight cost of all the way up to $25 per M.—reach every important market. With the advent in the near future of the Grand Trunk Pacific, the Canadian Northern and other projected railroads, our rail facilities will be at least trebled and perhaps more than quadrupled, while a veritable revolution will be wrought by the completion in 1914 of the Panama Canal. The canal will reduce the distance from Vancouver to New York by water from nearly fourteen thousand miles to less than six thousand miles. It will also convert it from a sailing to a steam route, cheap such as should interest (1) the large investor who desires a field for investment, giving large returns with small risk; (2) the investor of moderate means who wishes to conduct a business which will give profitable employment for his capital and at the same time, ample scope for his own activities; and (3) the man of brains and energy who has no financial backing, but who has a lot of capital in the way of confidence in himself and in the country. For the large investor British Columbia timber lands present at the present time one of the safest and most profit ing value of standing timber has made its ownership about the most consistently profitable of all lines of American investment. Standing timber has been increasing in value for half a century without a set-back. At present the world's supply of timber is being cut some threefold faster than it is being renewed by growth. The stumpage values of the leading timbers of North America east of the mountains. have increased from thirty to ninety cents or more per thousand feet board measure per annum during recent years; the average for all soft woods being: more than fifty cents f BITS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FORESTS coaling being available, thus reducing the time in transit, which is now from four to seven months, to less than thirty days, with a corresponding cut in interest and a still larger cut in insurance cost. More important still, perhaps, it will enable eastern builders and other lumber users to have orders for special purposes shipped by water with a much greater certainty of prompt delivery than can be hoped for by rail. Many hope to see the present freight rates of from $12 to $16 per M around Cape Home cut in half when the Canal is opened. A saving of one-fourth of the present rates would revolutionize the lumber industry of the British Columbia coast. The opportunities presented by present conditions in the development of the British Columbia lumber industry are able fields. British Columbia tide-water timber lands are unusually safe in regard to the only serious risk, the fire hazard. This is due to the heavy rainfall, ranging from sixty-four to one hundred and twenty inches annually, and the almost eternal dampness of the dense forests. The topography, too, presents barriers to the running of fires over large areas. Furthermore, the durability and large size of the Douglas Fir and the Red Cedar, together with the comparative absence of injurious boring insects on the burned-over lands, make it possible to log these timbers for many years after they have been killed by fire. The Red Cedar is especially good in this respect and is sawn into the finest of lumber and shingles fifty years after being killed by fire. It is bound to be profitable, as for half a century the increas- per M per annum. What has become history east of the mountains will certainly become fact on the Pacific Coast upon the completion of the Panama Canal. This indicates an enormous return for stumpage at $2 per M, but first- class stumpage may still be secured for $1, or even less, a figure which may well be regarded as nominal when the high quality of the timber is considered. The doubling, trebling and quadrupling of the logging and manufacturing facilities during the coming decade will also offer large scope for the investment of capital. This will be an especially attractive field for the far-sighted men who will have earlier secured a suitable reserve of raw material. An earnest of what is to come along these lines is the completion last year of one of the largest sawmills in the world on J 19/0 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 the Fraser River, and the present building, at a cost of several millions, of a very large and strictly up-to-date paper mill at Powell River. But the door of opportunity is open not alone to the investor of large means. The British Columbia coast is peculiar in the amazing length of its coast line and the wonderful series of protected inside channels which admit of cheap towage of logs to central points for manufacture. These waterways are bordered with timber tracts, many of which are of small size and therefore available for the men of moderate means who are looking for a start in business. Advantage has been taken of these favorable conditions and the coast is already dotted with small logging outfits. Opportunity in this direction will be open for some years to come, but all the easy logging opportunities will, eventually have been worked, and logging will have passed into hands financially strong enough to build railways and other expensive developments. Another opportunity for the man of limited capital will have come when imminent exhaustion of their own cedar resources will have forced the United ■ vSSsS^.^:^W^-':'..:- ■ -'?.■" : ^H lit: ••' A BIT OF TIMBER States to come to British Columbia for their shingles. If this has not already come before the Panama Canal is completed it will then be assured, and small shingle mills will presently be found dotting the coast, utilizing the vast quan tities of cedar now left as waste on the slashings. But the great future of the lumber industry of British Columbia will assure large opportunity for the man of brains and energy, although without capital other than confidence in himself and the country. The opportunities will range from that of logging camp foreman or sales agent, to that of manager of large enterprises. A field which has as yet hardly opened, but which must in future grow Idfge and ever larger, is that of forest engineering. Undoubtedly the time is at hand when the Provincial Government will employ technically trained men to look after the public forest interests. Private owners and operators will follow suit just as soon as they see that it is profitable to do so. Undoubtedly the course of events will follow closely the story of developments in the United States, where serious inroads have been made in the staff of the United States Forest Service by the lumbermen east, south, and west, who are willing to pay more liberally and advance more rapidly capable forest engineers than is practicable in the government service. British Columbia in Moving Pictures An Episode in the Work of Advertising the Province Visually to Twenty Millions of People By Norman S. Rankin Author of " Behind the Scenes," " Moving Pictures of the Prairie," etc. A GROUP of people, gathered on a float, beneath the bridge that crosses the Gorge near Victoria, were gesticulating wildly as I came up, and with faces indicative of excitement, surprise, hope and despair, fervently implored some invisible person to greater effort. "Come on, Herb," they yelled encouragingly, "Come on, Old Man! Come on! For Heaven's sake put your back into it, and push her along; don't let up; NOTK: This sketch is a description of one of many incidents in a sojourn in British Columbia late last summer of members of the Edison Moving Picture Company of New York City, who were brought across Canada from Montreal by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, to portray to the world at large the resources and attractions of the Western Provinces. Each of the series of moving pictures, made for this purpose, tells a story and at the same time illustrates the salient features of some important industry. The pictures will be displayed in the great majority of moving pictures of this continent and England, and, viewed by between fifteen and twenty millions of people, will constitute the best advertising British Columbia has ever had. The pictures will be seen in Vancouver, Victoria and other cities here before the first of the year.—Editor. stick to it; stick to it, and you'll win." They waved their handkerchiefs and hats, swaying their bodies to and fro in their excitement, in their keen de sire to urge this somebody on to victory. I looked at them in amazement; uncomprehending; bewildered. What was THE OLD AND THE NEW—INDIANS PREPARING TO RACE (Empress Hotel, Victoria, in the Background) Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 19)0 s happening? Was I awake or dreaming, or had I got into a lunatic asylum by mistake? It was an extraordinary performance. Here were fifteen or twenty people—nice looking, well-dressed people—staring intensely at the blank, sloping face of the river bank—staring at nothing, absolutely nothing, and agonizingly beseeching an invisible "Herb" to "come on and win out." Win out what? Who was Herb? What was he doing? Where was he to come, and how? The Gorge on Vancouver Island, close to Victoria, is one of the most beautiful spots of that locality; a summer recreation grounds, and pleasure park; a boating and bathing resort, a picturesque drive. For some miles from the capital, it stretches inland between wooded park-like banks, which rise to a fair height on either side. Charming homes, and pretty, cosy bungalows, line its course, each with its brightly colored boat house, half in and half out of the water. The bridge across the Gorge, at the point where the banks narrow and force the turbulent waters in a seething mass headlong through, was crowded with interested and surprised spectators, many of whom, like myself, strained their eyes in astonishment at what was going on. They, like myself, had evidently never seen anything like this performance. "For Heaven's sake,". I couldn't help exclaiming, as I slowly wedged myself to a point of vantage, "have all those people gone mad? Am I foolish, or what? Is that animated mob composed of human beings, or crazy people? Do they see something that we don't see, or that I don't see? Can you see anything to cheer at? Do you see any "Herb" to howl at?" "Of course they do," said somebody, a spectator at my side, "of course they do, but then, they're only the actors of a moving picture company rehearsing a SOME OF THE MOVING PICTURE COMPANY AND GUESTS part; they're the audience urging on their favorite to renewed effort in the Indian canoe race. They don't really see anything, of course, but in their imagination they do; they are witnessing the start and finish of a tremendously exciting contest, and when that scene is thrown on the screen to the audience, following the pictures of the race itself, it will put a fitting climax to a very attractive film story. When that "crazy mob" get the part down to the satisfaction of the extremely exacting stage manager, they'll finally play it off before the moving picture camera. See him over there to the right?" I drew a deep breath of relief. "Well"" I answered with a sense of satisfaction at the information. "I surely am glad to know my mental state is in no way deranged. I seriously feared it was. I truly did. I would not have been surprised to have next seen snakes and crawling things." "Now, you watch," said my volunteer informant, "now you watch, and you'll see the next scene, which properly comes before the one we have just MOVING PICTURE CAMERA IN POSITION FOR A PICTURE viewed. In this moving picture business, the various scenes are played out irrespective of their numerical position, when and where is most convenient. The stories are prepared beforehand, with the scenes all laid out and numbered, so that any one may be taken at any place. The detail and characters in each scene are also arranged and notice given to the players so that after the stage manager looks over the ground and decides up-on the location, all he has to do, is say, "Scene So and So," and prior to its transmission to the camera, hold a rehearsal. The players immediately know, from their advice sheets, who is comprised in the picture, what dress they must wear, and what their cues are. They are then put through a stiff rehearsal, one or ten times, as the case may demand, and the scene is then run off on the film. "Before you came up," went on my companion, "they held most of the race scenes; the start, two intermediate views, and a closely contested spurt. See the Indians over there in their canoes resting after their last strenuous exertions." I looked in the direction indicated, and saw what he pointed out, three long, narrow, rakish looking dugouts, each with its crew of eleven dusky Indians, stripped to the waist, and leaning on their broad, light paddles. Around them on the water, circled all descriptions of pleasure boats, light Peterboro canoes, gasoline launches, speedy power cruisers, and sailing skiffs. Such a scene as one would see at any popular summer resort in any part of America, but nevertheless remarkable in one respect. On one hand, the ancient dugouts with their crews of dusky Songhee Indians, stolid, indifferent, stoical; on the other, the most up- to-date, modern pleasure craft, light, frail and graceful, filled with freights of pretty, attractive girls, gay in their 1910 OPPORTUNITI'ES- Page Zt bright summer clothes-, and" attentive, athletic young men in spotless flannels. Nor did the contrast fail to draw the attention of the spectators. Here was the ancient and the modern, in the living man, side by side, in as great a contrast as were the Indian tepees or shacks and that most modern and comfortable of Canadian hostelries, the "Empress Hotel." "There they go again," yelled a small boy excitedly, from his perch in a tree nearby, "there they go. Watch 'em, everybody. Whoop-ee! Hurrah! Ler 'er go, Gallagher. Let 'er go." The three canoes had, by this time, lined up across the Gorge, about a hundred yards down, preparatory to a spirited finish under the bridge, the canoe with "Herb" in it being nearest. He was the only white man among the thirty-two Indians, and had his face and hands stained, and was dressed to the part. Needless to say, he was looked upon with much suspicion by the rest of his crew, who evidently failed to understand who and what he was. I discovered afterwards that Chief Cooper of the Songhee Tribe, with whom the arrangement to produce the Indians was made, did not even to stop to explain to his braves who "Herb" was; it was enough for them that the Chief ordered him into the canoe, and what did they care anyhow? Behind, at an advantageous post, was posed the camera man, ready to reel off the film at the proper speed, when the director gave the word. "Stand by," commanded the director curtly, casting a wary eye over his stage settings., "Stand by, everybody. Hey! there," he shouted, waiving his hand vigorously at a saucy little steam launch that was slowly poking her nose across the course, "Keep clear of the course, please," and then, with a crack of the pistol, thirty-three paddles spurned the water at one time, and thirty-three bodies bent as one man. The canoes sprang forward in a swirl of spray, flashing of paddles and cheers from the spectators, who, as well as the actor-audience, could not help but be roused to enthusiasm by so inspiring a sight. With "Herb's" slightly in advance, they plunged past the winning post, to a second crack of the starter's revolver. This scene was followed by a prize giving, and then the whole flotilla made off down the river citywards, as ff nothing out: of the* ordinary had happened!- "That's a revelation to me," I said to my companion, as we wended our way back to the hotel, "that's a great thing. I didn't before realize what a wonderful art motion photography is. Such a film as that, run off before thousands of people in the East, will do more to advertise the West than a hundred lectures will, yes, or a thousand, for that matter." " "Yes," he assented, enthusiastically, "it will indeed; I've followed closely moving picture development, and I understand that this film, and others representing mining, fishing, ranching, and other typical Western industries will be exhibited before twenty millions of people—in some ten thousand picture halls in the United States and Canada, and a like number in Great Britain and Europe." "The West itself moves fast these days," I answered him, and with balloons, aeroplanes, automobiles and moving pictures, this might fitly be entitled "The Moving Age." Success in Small Farming N my last article on this subject, which appeared in the August number of Opportunities I dealt with the questions of the size of the holding, the labor problem, the advisability of locating near growing cities, and the amount of money necessary to start with. I pointed out that five acres of land is enough for one man to develop. Ten acres is certainly the most any novice should attempt to farm, the chief reason being, as I mentioned before, the difficulty of obtaining labor. No one should commence with less than £200, or $1,000 capital. This is the least amount one can possibly succeed on, and then only by well sustained industry and grit. The price of good land varies from $100 to $250 an acre, uncleared. By uncleared I mean land covered with trees and bush, and which accordingly must be cleared before it can be ploughed. As to how long it would take one to clear ten acres, we can only say; it depends on the man entirely. A healthy man with moderate strength and little skill would need at least eighteen months to thoroughly clear ten acres of land. By Thompson Tinn Many readers will immediately exclaim,—have we to wait eighteen months before even commencing to raise produce? Not by any means. Most beginners buy as many hens as they can, and have a source of revenue from the start. Good hens cost on an average $1.50 each, and each hen ought to give at least $2 yearly profit. Thus, two hundred and fifty hens ought, with ordinary care, to produce a revenue of $500 a year. After the settler has built himself a small habitation his next work should be to clear enough land to erect outhouses in which to keep his hens. This can be done in the first six months. Thus, after this period, one can count on an income. Revenue can be obtained in other ways if the settler felt uncertain about his ability to successfully run a small chicken farm. Employment can always be obtained in the district at such work as road construction, building road beds of railways, and irrigation developments. Labor of this sort is well paid, the average being $2.50 per day and the demand far exceeding the supply. In his spare time a man can build his own shack and clear his land by degrees, and at the same time "keep the pot boiling" by doing work of this sort. Settlers always have the preference in improvement and development work. Therefore, if a man comes out with enough money to make a year's payment on his purchase of ten acres, say $500, and has the balance of $500 to buy lumber to build his small shack and outhouses, he can count on earning and saving sufficient by his daily labor to meet future payments on his land and commence to stock his farmstead as his circumstances and desire direct. The great fact which cannot be too strongly insisted on is that hard and even severe toil is demanded, of the man who sets out and succeeds at this branch of human effort. But the reward is well worth it. In two years his homestead should be paid for. In five years at the most by working only in spare time his land should be all cleared and producing. Then one can look forward to happy, healthy labor not too arduous, a source of income as sure as any in the world, and an income large enough to give the owner sufficient margin to enjoy his independent, free life, no matter how hardly won. From ten acres of good -land well tilled there should be a revenue of at least $3,000 a year. And the more labor expended on the land the more valuable it becomes. Surely such a goal is Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 worth a great effort, in the first years of toil there is always the bright future ahead, giving heart and hope to the toiler. In future articles we shall deal with the possible revenues from different small fruits and vegetables, In atty ease We must impress upon our readers the fact that these estimates are only made from what we know is done. We cannot guarantee to everyone that they will do the same, for the simple reason that human nature is too variable a quantity. But We do say, and say it emphatically, that if any healthy man begins with the clear conviction that he has to do five years hard, earnest work and is willing to do it, then success is certain. And to secure a source of income which makes him independent for the rest of his life by following at his own time and will the vocation of the small farmer is surely worth five years hard toil of any man's life. Irrigation in British Columbia Water is Bringing Rich Producton to Great Areas of Land HE activities of the Western Canada Irrigation Association are of the utmost importance to British Columbia. Most of us can remember the time when question of irrigation claimed the interest of very few. The representative attendance at the Kamloops convention shows how widespread has become that interest, and to what extent the importance of irrigation methods has taken a hold upon everyone interested in the welfare of the country. It is asserted by Prof. Carpenter that no less than three-quarters of the food supply of the world is grown by means of irrigation; therefore, stop these sources of supply and the greater proportion of the human race would be reduced to starvation. How important a part irrigation plays in China and India is comparatively, little known, but the wonderful irrigation works on the Nile, made possible by European skill and capital, have drawn much attention to the subject. In Australia irrigated areas are increasing every year. In the Murray river district water is pumped three times before it reaches the level where it is used in growing grapes and currants. These fruits are dried and shipped to England as raisins and currants, and dominate the London market. To come nearer home, immense sums are now spent in the semi-arid states of America in making water available for the dry and thirsty but fertile soil. From these facts we learn two things; first of all the importance of the subject and the amount of skill and energy being exercised in planning and carrying these works to a successful issue, and, secondly, the favored position of Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia in having so much water so easily available for irrigation purposes. The fertility of the soil of the interior of British Columbia, where water could be put on it, was soon recognized by the pioneers of fifty years ago and the creeks were recorded under government regula tion, an arrangement which worked very well until an ever-increasing number of settlers caused a shortage and bickerings, which frequently culminated in lawsuits. In this way the development of the dry belt of the Province has been seriously retarded. The reasons are obvious. Every irrigator has been a law unto himself—a very liberal law to himself, but a very miserly one to his neighbors. The first recorder may be an estimable man until there is a water shortage; then he becomes a waterhog in the eyes of his neighbors, who, if put in his place, would act in exactly the same way as he does. The mischief of it is that not one in a hundred has ever given an hour's study to the proper handling of water. Overflowing ditches, flooded arable land and pastures turned into swamps have been and still are the ethics of their irrigation, and the scientist who would show a more excellent way is politely, and not always that, thrust aside, and the waste continues. RESULT OF INTELLIGENCE AND IRRIGATION ON A SMALL FARM 1910] OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 This seems the more aggravating, because in the majority of cases, water from the creeks is monopolized by agriculturists on the bottom lands within a few feet of a mighty river or an extensive lake, every mile of which contains enough water to flood the whole valley and would, if utilized, leave the creeks available for settlers on the higher levels. To advance this view is to be met with the emphatic statement that vested rights must not be interfered with; in other words, that a monoply purchased twenty or thirty years ago for from |10 to $25 must be maintained with all its original advantage. Undoubtedly the rights have become exceedingly valuable. Should they not be taxed accordingly? This alternative would be acceptable to everybody but those holding the earlier records, but a still better way would be for the government to take the matter in. hand and encourage the investment of capital for pumping water by electricity generated by the falls which are to be found in nearly every district in the Province. It may be urged that private companies are already at work. This is true, in a sense, and the Fruitlands Company of Kamloops, the British Columbia Development Association at Penny's, the Columbia Valley Irrigated Fruit Lands Company of Windermere, and the White Valley Irrigation Company in the Okanagan valley, are fine examples of what can be done in this respect. If these estates can be made to pay big salaries and dividends to their owners, surely the Provincial and Dominion governments, the railway companies, the important real estate owners could do likewise for the multitudes they seek to attract here. The feasibility of large works of this character has been demonstrated by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's enterprise in Alberta. The pity of it is that no counterpart of J. S. Dennis is available to solve British Columbia's difficulties on an equally large scale, and at so moderate a cost that land below the ditch is not appreciably raised in price to the purchaser, while his water rights—his beyond dispute—are held without the slightest inconvenience to his neighbor. Victoria Council's Work for Good By. C. Spofford "Your Excellency's first appearance on the Stage!" S* O whispered the private secretary of Her Excellency, the Countess of Aberdeen, as surrounded by a group of men and women prominent in good works, "the first lady of our Land" waited to go on the stage of the Victoria Theatre one evening in November, 1894, to address a meeting of citizens on the object and methods of an organization of which she was the founder and the national head, namely, The Council of Women. It was the one occasion in the history of the theatre when every seat from the orchestra to the gods was a "reserved" —when standing room from lobby to green room was at a premium. The interest centered no less, if not more, in the distinguished speaker than in the new woman's society of which she was to speak. Through the instrumentality of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, Her Excellency had been prevailed upon to address a public meeting on the occasion of her first vice-royal visit to the Province, with a view to organizing a Council in this city. And so impressed was the audience with the admirable exposition of the advantages which would -accrue through combining all the women's societies in a community, into one central body, that then and there a provisional committee was appointed and a week later the Victoria and Vancouver Island Local Council of Women was organized, with nineteen societies in affiliation, and officered by Mrs. (Col.) Baker, president; Mrs. R. S. Day, vice- president; Mrs. Edith Hilda Scaife, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Gordon Grant, recording secretary; and Mrs. A. E. B. Davie, treasurer. Before the organization was fully on its feet suggestions from various sources were made as to questions of public interest with which the women of the city might properly and successfully cope, the first being a systematic relief of the distress prevailing, consequent on the trade depression existing at that time. This appeal, touching as it did the key note of womanly impulse and smypathy resulted in the organization of a scheme of associated charters known as The Friendly Help Association, which, for sixteen years, has continued to administer the charitable relief work of the city in a most satisfactory manner. Encouraged by the success of its initial undertaking, the Council went on to other equally important work, as varied in nature as the requirements which presented themselves. It secured an amendment to the School Act, by which women were made eligible as school trustees, and thus enabled to demonstrate the ability, as well as the advisability of the mother, as well as the father, administering the educational affairs of the child. The Council also secured the enactment of the Children's Protection Act, which gives to the Children's Aid Society the custody of children whose parents prove themselves incapable of their sacred responsibility. It has exerted a strong influence for the Shops Act, and for many other measures which have been in the interest of the Home and Childhood. At an approximate cost of four hundred dollars the Council equipped a cen ter for domestic science in the public schools. For many years it gratuitously managed the Woman's Department in the Agricultural Exhibition, raising the standard of handiwork of women so high that it was equalled by few and excelled by none in the Province or even the Dominion. The Council raised over one thousand dollars for the Lady Minto Maintenance Fund for Cottage Hospitals from which British Columbia was largely benefiting, but toward the maintenance of which it had not contributed. The mention of these efforts serves only to indicate the nature of the work undertaken, and the very wide scope of operation of this unique organization of women. Perhaps it greatest accomplishment has been that of providing a common platform on which may be met the entire organized force of womanhood of the community, where the purposes-and activities of all the others may be learned, where each may learn to know the leaders in the various lines of woman's work, and gain the personal touch which enlarges the vision and broadens the sympathies of all, thus making each a better worker in her own particular society. "I shall always regret the years I have lived here and have not known the splendid women in all these socities," said one of the Council's first presidents. The membership of this Council has grown from nineteen to thirty-five affiliated socities, which may be grouped as religious, philanthropic, benevolent, and fraternal. Each of these is endeavoring in its own way to apply the Council's motto, "Do unto others as ye would that they should do to you." Page 24 OPPORT UNI TIES 1910 Some Phases of Women's Work Among women who are devoting their energies and lending their influence to work for the common good in British Columbia- the month of October has been an active one. In Vancouver, Victoria, Nelson and other centers, there have been numerous evidences of fresh interest and enthusiasm with the coming of the autumn. The various clubs and other organizations have seen material membership increases, and there have been numerous developments which indicate that this winter will bring Trained nurses were appointed to visit the schools. By their examination of the children and advice to the mothers a much better condition of the health of children was brought about. But it was seen that there was need for medical inspection. One morning in May of this year sixty women attended a meeting of the trustees. Their object was to convince the board that it would not be right to give the whole of the work of school inspection into the hands of a young medical man. As a conse- man sang a suggestive song. Since that more stringent measures had been adopted to keep little children from taking- part in these entertainments. Mrs. Huestis described the great loss of life and illness which resulted from the bad drinking water of Toronto. Women had been instrumental in helping to procure the passing of a by-law by a great majority authorizing measures to make the water pure. Now they are agitating that more money should be expended in hastening forward the work. They believed that the loss due to the ravages of typhoid fever in one season was greater than the money needed to push the work to more rapid completion. MISS PERRIN'S FAREWELL RECEPTION TO VICTORIA L.C.W., AT BISHOP'S CLOSE ON RETURNING TO ENGLAND the most tangible results yet seen in the organized work of British Columbia women. The efforts of the members of the Vancouver and Victoria Local Councils received a decided impetus through inspiring addresses delivered before the women here by Mrs. Huestis, president of the Toronto Local Council. Mrs. Huestis described the remarkable progress of the work in her own city, and since this work is identical with that in Vancouver and Victoria it was absorbingly interesting and full of helpful suggestions. It was found, said Mrs. Huestis, that of the forty-three thousand pupils in the public schools of Toronto five thousand were absent on an average every day. The women believed that there was no good reason why there should be on every day of the year five thousand sick children in the city. quence of their representations Dr. Helen McMurchy was appointed to work with Dr. Graham to conserve the health of Toronto children. Mentally defective children have been removed to schools of their own where their needs can be specially attended to and where they will not interfere with the progress of others. Much had been said of evils of picture shows and as there are forty-eight of these places of entertainment in Toronto, the Council felt that although there was a city censorship the truth should be known as to its effectiveness. So on a given night council women very quietly attended these places of amusement. Every precaution had been taken to prevent their purpose being known. Not an objectionable picture was thrown on the canvas. But one little girl was found too young to take part and one Of a similar nature and if possible more importance was the establishment of milk depots and the reform of sanitary conditions in the stables from which Toronto gains its milk supply. The statement of Dr. Bryce that 25,000 children in Canada die annually from drinking impure milk has roused the women as well as the government to action. A commission was appointed which presented an excellent report, and made recommendations. Mrs. Huestis showed tiny bottles of the purest milk obtained for the little ones. She told of the help of experts who examined the milk as to its purity and praised the generosity of the public who furnished the wherewithal to pay the difference between the high price charged for the sealed bottles of pure milk and the "market price of ordinary milk. 910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 In connection with milk depots lectures to mothers by doctors had been ; istituted and a dispensary opened [/here needful medicines could be obtained. On more than one occasion the physician had found that it was the mother and not the baby who needed the iiilk most. The work done in procuring better houses was described. The i'reed of the woman who, living a lux- rious life, made fifty per cent, on her lapital by renting dwellings unfit for luman habitation and the inconsistency ,' f the church that owned similar proper- y was spoken of with scorn by the ind-hearted lady. Many of these buildings had been pulled down and better tnes erected. This led to a consideration of the life led by girls in these houses. What was the use of curfew bells in such a quarter. The women had appealed to the employers for help in erecting homes for the working girls, of whom there were 40,000 in the city, $50,000 were raised and one home built and another proposed. Mrs. Huestis then went on to show the wonderful work that had been done in establishing playgrounds in Toronto. There were ten of these, which had been opened within four years. The appointment of a good committee and supervisors, young, energetic and resourceful were the points insisted upon most by this lady who has the happiness of children at heart. Doings of the Women's Organizations At a meeting held during the month ty the Vancouver Local Council, Miss Breeze, who has had much experience s a nurse in connection with medical inspection in the public schools, spoke [nterestingly of this work. The inspec- orship, said the speaker, was started ve years ago, and had been of much alue. The inspection of each pupil only equired about one minute, there being bout ten thousand public school pupils tn the city. It was decided that the usefulness of this work would be increased if [here could be someone to go to the [lomes of the pupils and instruct the parents along hygienic lines. Miss preeze was accordingly appointed, after [he plan which had succeeded well in [>ther Canadian and in American cities. Mrs. W. H. Griffin announced that she |vas forming a collection of books to be sent to the provincial industrial school [it Point Grey, at the instance of the [lelegates, and asked if the ladies who had suitable books to dispose of could help her. A letter was read from Capt. '■ "oilier, thanking the ladies for the boys' fames sent to the detention home. A committee was organized to wait npon the directors of the large wholesale [ind retail firms throughout the city to [iscertain in the event of technical train- I ng schools being established, whether ^reference would be given applicants for Positions who had attended those schools or a period, and if, in consequence, re- Inuneration would be increased should f corresponding efficiency be noted. The hesult of this inquiry will be placed be- I ore the commission which is to look into the same, when it reaches this city. The application of the Ladies' Aid of St. Andrew's Presbyterian church, North IV'ancouver, for affiliation was granted find the following new members were lidded to the general list: Mrs. Chap- pel, Mrs. A. F. Perry, Mrs. Edward Stark, and Mrs. Fulger, of North Vancouver. Women's Canadian Club At the first annual meeting of the Women's Canadian Club, Mrs. C. S. Douglas, of Vancouver, who was re-elected president, expressed her hope for the club in part as follows: "My year's experience has inspired me with the belief that this organization will prove of great benefit in the upbuilding of the social and intellectual life of this marvelous young city. "To widen the influence of the club and extend its benefits to a greater number, it should be made known to the thousands of women who have come to our city from all parts of Canada and the Old World, many of them strangers in a strange land, that herein they may make pleasant acquaintances and form new friendships that will to some extent- relieve the heartaches caused by severance from old friends and associations, and I trust that every member of the club will constitute herself a committee of one to carry out the idea, so that at our next annual meeting we may boast a membership not of hundreds, as now, but of thousands, all actuated by one common impulse to strengthen and increase the love of Canada and our Empire among our citizens, and to assist in the uplifting of the social and intellectual life of our city." In its initial year the club has grown from a nucleus of twenty members to 482. The election of officers resulted as follows: President, Mrs. C. S. Douglas, re-elected; first vice-president, Mrs. C. Gardiner Johnson; second vice-president, Mrs. James Macauley; third vice-presi dent, Mrs. Jonathan Rogers; fourth vice- president, Mrs. C. G. Henshaw; secretary, Mrs. J. J. Banfield; literary secretary, Mrs. C. R. Townley; treasurer, Mrs. F. M. Cowperthwaite, with a committee composed of Mrs. MacKay Fripp, Mrs. J. B. Mills, Mrs. Ewing Buchan, Mrs. I O. Perry, Mrs. R. C. Stoddard, Mrs. W. H. Griffin and Mrs. Alexander Bethune. Mrs. J. H. MacGill reported re the proposition to erect a women's club building, which was brought up in June and laid over to be dealt with later. Since then she has been visiting the different women's clubs to ascertain their attitude and advocated the appointment of two members of each organization to confer on the matter. In recognition of her many public services and of the part she played in the founding of the club, Mrs. M. A. MacLean was made honorary president for life. Work of Nelson Women An indication of the public spirit of the women of Nelson is seen in the good work in the Nelson and District Women's Institute, which, under the administration of the new president, Mrs. James Johnstone, has numerous plans for women's work in Nelson and vicinity. The Institute has the same general aims as the Nelson Local Council of Women, and works along the same lines for the common good. The Nelson Council was formed by Lady Aberdeen in 1898. Since then it has engaged in many activities for the advancement of social conditions in Nelson, and has been an important factor in the progress of the community. To the work of its members is due the public library in Nelson. The women of the Council organized a Relief Society which has rendered aid to numerous unfortunate women and has proved to be of great usefulness in the community. The Council brought pressure to bear upon the Provincial member of Parliament which resulted in a woman warden for the jail. It has co-operated actively in the war against tuberculosis, and has promoted education in numerous general and special lines. Several plans for work this winter are beginning to take definite form. o Full of activity and zest is the Local Council of Victoria, which is taking up numerous matters of importance. In Victoria, moreover, there is a Woman's Parliament, which has become a regular institution, which, in addition to the monthly meetings, will hold annually a public conference marked by much of the pomp and ceremony which is characteristic of the meetings of the regular Provincial Parliament. Page 26 OPPORTU N I T I E S 1910 Industrial Progress in British Columbia A movement is under way to clear the Columbia River for navigation for steamers from Portland to Nelson. This would result in a great saving of freight rates by Nelson business men and would put the city on a sound footing as a distributing center in the Kootenay district and Western Alberta. In the Burnaby district is a big bog and the substance beneath the brush is peat, one of the best and cheapest of fuels. There are millions of yards of it, and it is now being shipped in bales like those of hay to the extent of about twenty-five tons a day to various points in British Columbia. It has been chiefly used thus far as bedding for horses, but will be utilized more and more for producing heat. It is said on good authority that several sections of British Columbia are better adapted to the growing of grapes than the famous vineyard localities of Europe. A grape grower of long experience says he is convinced that British Columbia can produce the finest quality of grapes that reach the market. These grapes, he states, are better flavored, larger and more highly colored than any produced in either California or Central Europe. The land known as the Crawford Townsite has been purchased by the McGoldric Lumber Co. for use as a logging station. The company is now ready to proceed with the construction of its mill at Fairview. Another mill in course of construction is the Porto Rico. The completion of this will give Nelson three large mills and will assist the city very materially in its progress toward a position as an important manufacturing center. Engineers are now at work on surveys for the project of The Canadian Collieries for the development of 50,000 horsepower on the Puntridge River in the center of the Comox coal fields. This power plant will cost about $1,000,000, and construction will be started on it by hundreds of workmen within a few weeks. Outfits are being rushed in for construction work on the Kettle Valley railway. There are now five camps along the banks of the Coldwater river leading out of Merritt and the clearing of the right-of-way is completed for twenty miles. Track-laying will start in two months. Plans for a dry-dock at Vancouver have been filed with the minister of public works. They provide for a second- class, which means that if the plans are approved the company will be entitled to a bonus of 3 1-2 per cent, on an expenditure of $2,500,000 for a period of twenty-five years. The dock will be to accommodate any vessel doing business on the Pacific Coast. It will be over 600 feet long. Docks of the first or battleship class, such as it is proposed to build at Esquimalt, get a subsidy of 3 1-2 per cent, on an expenditure of four million dollars for twenty-five years. Orders meaning an expenditure of over $500,000 and calling for half the output of the Wire & Cable Company of Montreal for the next six months as well as a large proportion of that of the Northern Electric Company of the same city, have been sent East by the B. C. Telephone Company, which is greatly increasing its equipment to meet the rapidly growing requirements of Vancouver. Over 250,000 feet, or nearly forty- eight miles, of cable are required for the purposes of the telephone company. The capacity of the Northern Electric Company, another telephone manufacturing firm with a plant in Montreal, is also being severely taxed by the demands of the British Columbia Telephone Company. As many as fifty-two switchboard sections have been asked for Vancouver and North Vancouver, being more than the firm is Pt present making for the whole of the rest of Canada. A meeting was held last month, in Duncan, B. C, to discuss the project of establishing a co-operative fruit canning and packing establishment, and the following resolutions were passed unanimously: "Whereas the Cowichan district can and does produce most excellent fruit, both of the large and small varieties; and whereas at the present time there are no means available for the proper grading and packing of the same for the market; and whereas there is a very large amount of good clean but small and sometimes overripe fruit wasted each year; therefore be it resolved, that this meeting herewith appoint a committee, for the purpose of procuring facts, figures and all data necessary to the establishment of a co-operative fruit packing house, together with a canning and jam factory in the Cowichan district. The sheep industry in Canada has for several years been on the decline, but a movement is now on foot to revive ill The Minister of Agriculture has appointed a committee to investigate the situation. They will visit all the provinces and will interview important sheep men and manufacturers as to the difficulties and drawbacks which have heretofore retarded the sheep industry. From the information thus obtained a plan will be formulated to put the growing of wool on a firm basis. In his annual report to stockholders, General Manager William H. Parker, of the British Columbia Packers' Association, says, in part: "WTe have purchased the steamer Roman to supply halibut for freezing and fresh shipments; she is the finest vessel in the business. Owing to there being three Canadian vessels fishing for halibut, the limited market is kept well supplied and prices are lower. We have purchased two more canneries on the Skeena river—the Dominion and Alexandra—and have rebuilt the Cun- ingham cannery. The balance sheet shows a net profit of $356,527 after deducting $45,123 for depreciation. We' have on hand and consigned salmon valued at $83,835, and have used in preparation for the 1910 pack (including amount inventories of materials) $641,- 134. We paid during the year 23 per cent, in dividends to preferred shareholders. The Dominion minister of public works is now considering a huge dry- dock project which has been placed before him by Messrs. Bullen, of Esquimalt, who are believed to be in association with a well known British shipbuilding firm of high standing. Messrs. Bullen are applying for a subsidy for a dry-dock of the first, or largest class. It is proposed to be located at Esquimalt and will cost .approximately three million dollars. Mr. C. J. Johnson, of the Northern Construction company, which has the contract for construction of the western end of the Canadian Northern railroad, announces that despite the problem of taking the Canadian Northern across the Cascade mountains, he is under instruction from Mackenzie & Mann to go out after the record and that the work now is being framed for the fastest railway construction campaign ever brought off in the we>t. OPPORTUNITIES Page 27 The Vancouver Trust Company Limited 614 Pender St. W., Vancouver, B. C. "N "Vancouver Trust Building' We are now ready to receive Deposits for Savings Accounts Interest i-i-H allowed A General Trust Business Transacted STOCKS INVESTMENTS BONDS REAL ESTATE MORTGAGES RENTS COLLECTED EXECUTORS TRUSTEES ASSIGNEES LIQUIDATORS V Kamloops, B. C.: KAMLOOPS-VANCOUVER TRUST COMPANY LIMITED THESE ABE OPPORTUNITIES XN EVERY ONE OF OtJR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 A promising oil territory is that to the west of the Flathead River, along the International Boundary, where there are a number of seepages of petroleum as well as some highly promising seams of coal. The oil prospects, however, are now receiving more attention than the coal, and one well has been sunk. In view of the prospects for both oil and coal the Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railway Co. and also the Great Northern Railway Co. have surveyors on the ground. The Flathead Valley is a fine open stretch of land about twelve miles wide with a soil well adapted to ter to connect with existing Canadian wheat raising and general farming. Northern services at Edmonton. Application will be made to the legislative assembly at its next session for amendments to the charter of the Portland Canal Short Line Railway Company to authorize the company to extend its line from the terminus at present provided for, sixteen miles out of Stewart in a general easterly- direction to the eastern boundary of the province at or near where the Peace River intersects the boundary, from which point it may be extended under an Alberta char- With the intention of conducting a general steamship business, a local syndicate is now being formed which will build a modern steam freighter here for use in British Columbia coast waters. The plan is to operate the new boat wherever business offers and to build or charter additional steamers whenever necessary. The steamer will be 125 feet long, 22 feet beam, 10 feet deep and will have a carrying capacity of 150 tons dead-weight. British Columbia's Financial Strength By D. Von Cramer Among students of finance and close observers of the causes and results that lead to the rise and fall of commercial prosperity, the phenomenal progress of the Province of British Columbia affords at the present time a subject of considerable interest. A decade ago this, the largest Province of the Dominion of Canada, was comparatively unknown. At the present time of writing no country in the world is more in the lime-light as a Mecca for enterprise and the investment of capital. A number of causes have tendered to this remarkable state of affairs, and it is the purpose of this article to try to point out a few of the leading ones. In the first place, it may justly be said that, from the financial standpoint at least, it has been but recently discovered. Only within the last few years have ■ its stupendous possibilities really dawned upon the financial, and consequently conservative world. Ever since this awakening British Columbia has been steadily establishing itself, not by flam- buoyant advertising, but by definite results, as the last and gfeatest West. Probably the most striking feature about British Columbia is the fact that it is almost absolutely self-contained. It possesses within its own wide boundaries practically all of the essentials which make a country independent of all other countries. The range of its natural resources is more extensive than that of any other. Almost every mineral of any importance is found in abundance somewhere within its borders. Its coal and iron deposits are among the greatest known, and occur in close proximity to each other in almost every instance, which makes the economic production of those greatest elements in a nation's prosperity, iron and steel, a mere matter of enterprise. Huge deposits of copper and lead have already been located. Valuable deposits of the precious metals, gold, silver and platinum, are being partially developed and recent discoveries are continually adding to the list. Mar-. ble, practically all the economic clays, and cement, are present in inexhaustible quantities. The timber resources of the Province are known to be the greatest and of the finest quality in the world, and the waters along its seven thousand miles of coast line teem with valuable fish. Its many splendid habors afford unequalled facilities for shipping, and three Canadian transcontinentals have extended their lines northward to get their share of the enormous trade which is being rapidly built up. Wonderful water powers pour down British Columbia mountain sides. This power when harnessed, will be capable of driving innumerable wheels of industry. Over one hundred thousand electrical'horse power is already produced within fifty miles of Vancouver, and more is contemplated. British Columbia's agricultural possibilities are almost boundless. All the important cereals, with the exception of rice, respond bountifully to a husbandman's plough. The fruit of the Province is becoming noted in the markets, not only of this continent but in the old land and the antipodes. Hops, hemp, flax, tobacco, and many other valuable crops are numbered among the list of its products, which list is receiving continually additions as the various sections are opened up. All that was required to bring its vast potentialities to the front was the capital necessary for development, and that has been coming during the last few years, and is coming now in an ever-increasing stream, and from many directions. At first Eastern Canada and the United States sent their quota, somewhat timid ly it is true, but with increasing courage. Then scattered British investors, attracted largely by the name and the climate, so much like their own, began to invest their idle pounds. The results were so satisfactory for the investors that soon the attention of financiers throughout the world began to be attracted, with the result that British Columbia has been steadily coming into her own. One of the most important features, looked at both from a financial, capitalistic and investors' point of view, is the government of a country. In British Columbia financiers and investors cannot but be impressed by the careful manner in which the finances of the Province have been handled, as can be seen by the splendid financial report of the Minister of Finance, in which is shown a surplus nearly sufficient to redeem the bonded indebtedness of the Province. Coincident with this marked develop- VANCOUVEK POST OFFICE 1910 O PPORTUNITIES Page 29 ment of her resources, important new markets for the products seemed to rise at just the psychological moment. The awakening of Japan and China has created a market which is increasing by leaps and bounds. Australia and New Zealand are becoming more and more important and the trade with the Orient and the Antipodes is fast becoming a great factor in British Columbia's wealth producing power. The astonishing peopling of the prairies of the Canadian West during the last few years has created a vast new market for practically everything this Province can raise. Particularly is this the case in regard to lumber, fruit and fish. In this connection it may be mentioned that the wheat of Alberta and Saskatchewan is being gradually diverted to its natural outlet, westward, a by no means inconsiderable item of trade. The New York and Boston markets, as well as those of Eastern Canada and the Orient, are clamoring for our food fishes, particularly halibut and salmon, and vast and increasing quantities of them are being carried annually by special refrigerator trains and boats. Another factor of considerable moment in the upbuilding of the Province, •financially and in even more important ways, is the fact that, attracted by its splendid climate and beautiful scenery, many residents of the provinces and of the Western States are coming in continually, people who are coming here for homes after accumulating a competence amid less congenial and harsher surroundings. These naturally bring their capital for investment, and this in the aggregate amounts to a very large sum. As an instance of how much money has found its way into British Columbia during the last few years, it may be pointed out that five years ago the branch banks throughout the Province were compelled to draw largely upon the resources of their head offices in the East, to supply the local demand for ordinary business purposes. This is now a thing of the past, as the local deposits are proving quite sufficient to meet the discounts, notwithstanding the vast expansion of trade which, during the same period, has taken place. In this connection it is worth while to note that, in striking contrast to the methods largely followed in the Western States, the policy of business concerns in British Columbia has been to follow population and supply its needs as they arise, rather than to establish branches and wait the arrival of population. As a result of this conservatism there is hardly a line of business in the Province which is not in a thoroughly sound and flourishing condition. Permeated as the atmosphere undoubtedly is with West- THREE GOOD BUIS Half Mile Waterfrontage, between New Westminster and Eburne, deep water; also good acreage. Only $250 All acre. $10,000 cash, balance over years, 6 per cent. Acreage on B. C. Electric Railway, also fronting on Westminster Road, adjoining a railway station, level and always dry; 15 acres and only $6000 to handle this. Good terms. Richards Street, 800.block, good house, rents for $35 per month. This is the cheapest buy in this block. Only $14,500 ; third cash and balance to arrange. C. WAKLEY 441 PENDER STREET WEST PHONE 4120 ern optimism, it is none the less tempered with that business caution which is a prevailing characteristic of both Canadians, and British, as opposed to the more reckless methods of their American neighbors. One of the most powerful arguments as to the future of British Columbia is the probability that no matter how any of the older countries may be affected financially, only slight and temporary setbacks can ©ccur here. Should there be a slump in securities, caused by the spectre of Ex-President Roosevelt's big stick, the effect would be to frighten capital northward to a land of promise where the skies are clear. The passing of the Lloyd-George budget in Great Britain, by discouraging the buying of real estate there and thus closing one of the greatest avenues for investment, has had the effect of sending millions of pounds to Canada, and there are more millions on the way. As British Columbia appeals to the British investor in many ways, it is get- >••••••••••••••« BEAUTIFUL BURNABY i i i i i A choice residential district, ful scenery, good elevation-. Beauti- 50 ft. Lots from $180 to $250 Terms: quarter cash balance over two years. Brown Realty Co. 603 Victoria Drive VANCOUVER, B. C. ting and is likely to get, a lion's share. The higher the taxes rise in Germany and France, the more capital moves this way. As a matter of fact, capital is being drawn here from all directions. Even if times should become hard throughout the Dominion itself, this would scarcely effect British Columbia, as such conditions would not prevent the influx of capital from abroad, as this favored Province, though united politically »nd sentimentally with the rest, in reality stands alone. GOOD SEWING MACHINES. One of the interesting exhibits at the New Westminster Exhibition was that of the Raymond sewing machine, which commended itself to all housewives as one of the most useful machines on the market. *•■•-••••-•" The Great West Light Co., Ltd. Hollow Wire and Tube Systems Makers of the Famous Highlow Gasoline Lamps 50K HASTINGS ST., EAST P. O. Box 1401 Vancouver, B. C. THERE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OVB ADVERTISEMENTS Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 19/0 Steady Movement in Real Estate Although there was a lull in real estate early in October, the market has recovered buoyantly. It is beginning to show the tonic effect of the arrival in the city of farmers, lumberman and others from the North and East who have completed their season's work and have come to the centers of population with money for investment. This upward tendency is expected to continue until well into December, when the approach of the holiday season will cause a pause until after the first of the year. From that time until the summer lull the demand for good offerings at fair prices will be, it is safe to say, at least as great as the supply. One of the strongest evidences of the sound condition of British Columbia real estate is seen in the great number of buyers of sites for homes. A large majority of the persons who come to the Pro-vince to look into the business prospects and opportunities here, quickly realize the stability and expanding nature of British Columbia's prosperity, and make arrangements for permanent settlement. Most of them belong to the desirable class who want homes of their own. The fact that a large proportion of these have not sufficient capital for a large investment in this direction has created a special real estate need which is being handled effectively by many of the most progressive operators. The latter offer to build bungalows and cottages to order for a small cash payment, with the further payments made in the same manner in which rent is paid. The readiness -with which sales are -made on these terms is one of the most significant elements of the real estate situation in Vancouver. In regard to localities in the vicinity of the metropolis which figured largely in the market during October, Point Grey, Port Mann, and South Vancouver may be mentioned as perhaps the most conspicuous. The development of Point Grey has been given a strong and enduring impetus by its selection for the Provincial University, which will lend the neighborhood a certain atmosphere very desirable for residences. The great interest in Port Mann as an industrial center is as strong as ever and will continue for a long time to come. The Patterson Ranch, adjoining the Port Mann town- site, was taken up practically in its entirety as soon as it was placed on the market. There have been several other important deals in this locality, and it cannot be doubted that fortunes will be made in Port Mann realty. South Vancouver property has been active in the market as the result of the demand, mentioned above, for homes on easy payments. The substantial character of real estate investment in Vancouver is indicated by the plans for new buildings. A big project of this kind involves an expenditure, it is said, of $500,000 for a twelve-story office building on the southwest corner of Pender and Homer streets. Another building project which is a significant indication of the growth of the city is that for two additions to the Hotel Vancouver. These consist of large annexes and will be completed in ample time for the large tourist patronage next summer. A transaction of magnitude early in the month, involved the purchase of the property on the South-East corner of Granville and Cordova streets for nearly half a million dollars by a company of local capitalists who propose to erect on the plot a sixteen-story office building, which, it is said, will be the most modern and handsomest structure of its kind in the city. Still another indication of the rapid increase in population is found in the plans of the Canadian Pacific Railway for important terminal improvements. The railroad company has found that the volume of its traffic is growing to an extent that has made the present passenger station wholly inadequate. The intention is to either tear down this station or to materially enlarge it. A similar congested condition prevails on the C. P. R. docks, and the company proposes to increase the wharfage facilities by building additional piers west of the detention shed and beyond the site of the pier completed last year. This company has also announced an intention to double the capacity of the grain elevator erected last season in order to handle its growing business in exporting grain, particularly to Mexico. Another building project which helps to tell the story of the development of Vancouver is that for a new opera house, which will be conducted, it is said, under the auspices of the celebrated firm of Klaw & Er- langer of New York City, and will be one of the finest theatres in the West. Victoria will also have a beautiful new temple of dramatic art. It is said that work on these structures will be started in the near future and that they will be ready for the opening of the theatrical season next year. Among the Brokers O. H. Bowman & Company, of Victoria, report that the demand for acreage and lots in and around Victoria has been very active during the last month. This company also handles stocks and bonds, and find great activity in Amalgamated Development, Maricopa Oil and Portland Canal shares. From all indications they look for a. busy winter in the stock market. Goddard & Son state that they have made several deals in Port Mann. The public appear to be grasping the opportunity to make money around the town- site before it is put on the market by auction next spring. A firm which has its own property and deals with it exclusively, is that of Latimer, Ney & McTavish. Ten days ago they opened up a sub-division in the south end which they called the Rosen- burg division. This consisted of eighty lots, and already the firm has disposed of half of it at remunerative prices. Ross & Shaw are finding great interest evinced in Sunnyside Orchard lands. This is one of the most favorable localities in British Columbia for the growing of fine fruits, one of its great advantages being its close proximity to the large markets. Besides selling most of the lots in Lot 3, Block 17, H. W. Windle has sold some acreage blocks and has prospects of selling some more in the Point Grey Municipality, especially Kerrisdale. The talk of the University site being at Point Grey has stimulated enquiries. He has been told that the water mains will be laid in five months from now, also that rail laying and double tracking will soon be started. Northey & Wooley are the agents for the fruit growers of Creston, which is situated on Kootenay Lake. That Creston apples are among the finest grown anywhere will be proved at the first 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 31 Canadian Apple Show, at which the SALMON ARM FRUIT LANDS. Creston growers have a big exhibit. Northey & Wooley are also handling ten thousand acres of farm lands in the Buckley Valley, and are doing an active business in Vancouver realty. One of the chief interests of the firm of Foster & Fisher lies in Kerrisdale, where the firm is building to order a number of attractive bungalows. Kerrisdale has been somewhat held back by a lack of city water, but seventy miles of water pipe will have been laid by spring, and Kerrisdale is on the eve of a big development. Mr. Ralph S. Clark, manager of the Imperial Realty Company, reports a recent sale of eighty feet of frontage on the Marine Drive. His firm is specializing in Kitsilano and Point Grey properties and find a good demand for them. The company has also large holdings in South Vancouver for which there is a steady, though recently not very active, market. Among those who have a keen appreciation of the great future of Chilliwack is the firm of Alexander & McKay, which has, within easy reach of the City of Chilliwack, four hundred acres of level land, dyked, drained, and ready for the plough. Land like this is bound to have a constantly increasing value because of the development of this whole section—a development which has very recently received a strong impetus from the opening of the electric railway line between Chilliwack and New Westminster. WHEN YOU WANT A HACK It frequently happens that when one most wants a hack or other conveyance it is most difficult to find one. This difficulty is solved, however, by knowledge of the fact that G. D. George has various vehicles available for any customer both day and night. Fix in your memory his name and his telephone number, which is 722, and you will never be at a loss for a hack. One of the most attractive fruit propositions in British Columbia is that of the Salmon Arm Fruit and Land Company, of Vancouver, which is transforming extensive tracts into orchard lands. These will become highly productive and profitable to their owners because, as is well known, Salmon Arm is one of the best regions on the continent for apples and other fruits. In addition to its financial opportunities in fruit growing, the climate is delightful and the town itself is very attractive. One of its features, characteristic of the whole community, is the Montbello Hotel, which, in its comfort and general equipment, would do justice to a big city. -o- DUSTLESS FLOOR BRUSH. A unique exhibit at the New West minster Exhibition was that of the Dust- less Floor Brush. The practical demon- „ jiron i-n(vnf! stration given, together with the strong endorsement of many Vancouver housekeepers, business men, schools and churches, is convincing evidence of the genuine worth of the article. Che use of DUSTLESS FLOOR BRUSH a -small quantity of coal oil, supplied through a reservoir, keeps the brush moist enough to not only keep dust down, but to actually clean the floor, as though it were scrubbed. Mr. W. Carter, 44 Broadway, west, Vancouver, who is the representative for British Columbia, was in charge of the exhibit. Grading for the construction of the Kootenay Central railway is now in full swing. It is not likely, however, that the rails will be laid into Fort Steele before the snow flies, and possibly not before the spring. >P?xn--^xxxxxxxxxxxx3a^xxxxxxxxxxxxx?xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx^xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx^ CORRESPONDENCE INVITED Reference: Bank op Montreal SAFE DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT OPINIONS OF MARY. The lighter phases of everyday life may not greatly arouse the imagination, but when presented by a writer with humor and discernment they are bound to hold the interest. The Opinions of Mary, put into an attractive book by Mrs. Alice Ashworth Townley of Vancouver, are not in the least startling, yet one is in danger of sitting up late with Mrs. Townley's book. When you reach the end of one of the clever essays, another beckons on the opposite page, and even though the hands of the clock are pointing out the hour accusingly, you are apt to succumb to the temptation. This is because Mrs. Townley has turned a bright light upon some of the details in the picture of life which, for many of us, have become blurred or have been overlooked. We see afresh, and gain a new insight into some of the phases of the world around us. The lonely bachelor, for instance, attains a new understanding of the baby's outlook upon life when Mrs. Townley tells about it. Some of the true inwardness of sentiment, sympathy, the society column, summer, the small boy, the barbar, the minister and his wife, the householder, and numerous other things and persons, are exposed to the gaze in a manner which cause smiles and a pleasant self- appreciation due to a feeling that we have realized all the time, though we have never mentioned it, the truth of what is pointed out. Several of the sketches have a serious import which gives them special value, like the one on Infant Literature. This should be read by every conscientious mother. Mrs. Townley achieves her effectiveness through the medium of a clean-cut and incisive style and a humor which is never absent, though at times its form is caustic. People who have out-grown the products of the literary sensation factories will find much to interest them in the Opinions of Mary, which was published in 1909 by William Briggs, Toronto. xxxxx^cxxxxxxxxxxxxxxixxxxtxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxicxxxx: Cable and Telegraphic Address : "STECO," Vancouver, B. C. Codes Used : A. B. C, 6th Edition, and Western Union Phones : Head Office, - 5604 Branch Office, 4266 Residence, - 5694 The John T Stevens Trust Co. Mercantile Building", 318 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Branch Office: _!•>.) Estates Managed Funds Invested Companies Organized Stocks, ''Bonds, aMines f WE ARE PREPARED TO ACT AS MANAGERS, TRUSTEES (UNDER POWER OF ATTORNEY), REPRESENTATIVES AND AGENTS FOR CLIENTS, INVESTORS, MORTGAGERS, AND PROPERTY OWNERS. CONSULT US. WE PLACE MORTGAGES ON 50% MARGIN OF VALUATION YIELDING 6% TO 8°j£ INTEREST a«Xnaii^llx11;wl^^rTTTTTTTTTirrrTTTTTTTTItTTirTTTTYniMTTrniItTTir^^ Granville Street Timber Limits Farm Lands Insurance (.olonixotion riTTTTTTTTTTrTTTTTTHTITTf THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES XV BT£EY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 A City Made to Imperial, on Point Roche, Will be a Centre of Industry and Population No longer do towns have to wait many years for their development into cities. Owing chiefly to great accumulations of capital and the big industries of today, cities are now made to order. This will be the case with Port Mann, and it will also be the case with another industrial center which is rising on the horizon of the near future in close proximity to Vancouver. This city will be called Imperial, and will be located near Roche Point, on the north shore of Bur- rard Inlet where the inlet makes a turn almost at right angle and becomes known as the North Arm. Roche Point, within a few months, will be one of the busiest sections of the continent. The beginning of Imperial, the city- to-be, may be traced to the brain of an inventor, John J. Loughran, who has obtained no less than one hundred and fifty-four patents for sleeping car improvements, and who, having been able to interest capital, came to Vancouver about a year ago looking for a suitable site for car shops. After numerous negotiations Mr. Loughran and his associates bought at Roche Point two hundred acres of ground, with about a mile of water frontage. After acquiring this land the company began to look around for a townsite, and found one in the property of the Rosslyn syndicate, consisting of three hundred acres and another half mile of water frontage. Here will rise Imperial. It will have a water frontage where the largest vessels ever launched may rest after their voyages on the seas. This, of course, is a great asset for a young community, and it has already brought industrial prospects far beyond the first ideas of Imperial. Because of its deep water, Imperial will havq the million and a half dollar drydock which has been subsidized by the Dominion Government to the extent of $42,000 a year for twenty-five years. When Imperial was first contemplated there was no notion of the dry dock. The promise of the unborn city was great without this big berth for ships. Now, of course, the promise is much greater. | For a number of years certain citizens of Vancouver have been devoting much time and energy to the work of procuring a drydock near the metropolis. They had succeeded in interesting an important coterie of English capitalists, but when the latters' representative came to Vancouver and inspected the site which had been selected he "turned it down" for the reason that in his op inion it was too small for expansion in the future. He examined the entire water front of Burrard Inlet in his search for another site and found that Roche Point offered by far the best facilities. The company which had been promoting the project and the car company got together. The corporations were combined, making a single company with assets of not only the rich prospect in car building but also with the subsidized drydock project. The car construction plans, in the meantime, were progressing steadily. A tract of land about ten miles from the site of the shops, rich in iron deposits, was acquired. Arrangements were made for the establishment near Point Roche of one of the most modern saw mills in the world, with a capacity of one hundred thousand 4* year. The saw mill company will forfeit $25 a day if their mill is not running by the first of next March. Very soon the drydock will begin to take tangible form. To make assurance doubly sure that Imperial will become an industrial center the capitalists behind it have adopted a most effective plan for the bringing in of other manufacturers. They offer to any of those whose business is important enough to justify it, a site along their seven thousand feet of waterfrontage free of charge. The manufacturer, however, after showing that his plant promises to be successful, must sign a contract to the effect that he will employ continuously one skilled mechanic for every two feet of waterfrontage he takes up. At the end of six years he and the company owning the water frontage will give formal consideration to the value of the site. If. they fail .to agree as to this, the decision of an arbitrator will be accepted as final. After four more years the manufacturer may at his op- \ tion buy the property at the price so IMPERIAL WILL HAVE A DRYDOCK LIKE THIS feet of board measure for each ten hour day. In connection with the saw mill, plans were drawn up for the erection of a new plant equipped for extracting all the by-products of this and other mills. In consideration of the granting to it of four hundred feet of water frontage, the mill company guaranteed to provide and operate a car ferry with tracks extending along the water front. These plans are now becoming actualities. The initial steps are now being taken for the actual construction of the car shops, which, it has been announced, will begin to rise before the first of the fixed, without regard to its increase in The object of this proposition to manufacturers is, of course, to attract to the city of Imperial progressive and thriving industries—industries which will give employment to thousands, thus causing Imperial and surrounding localities to develop rapidly into a center of population. The company is already preparing home sites. The whole area has been laid out in accordance with the latest and most approved plans for cities. Imperial, instead of growing in the old fashioned, slow and haphazard way, is being made to order. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 33 ^S^^fr.S--7^*^^^»«T^^pK5^;a^ -**A^S«M«SBWSKW«*S»..'' NDAI _-/ NORTH VANCOUVER D.L. 622 One quarter of a mile from the property of the Imperial Car, Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, and between that property and the City of Vancouver. One of the best opportunities in British Columbia for the Investor to get sure and quick returns for his money. Lots are 50 and 60 feet wide, and a well graded road runs to every lot. Very easy clearing. Lots are level, free from rocks and gullies, have a deep loam soil, and will have a view over the entire Inlet. Prices : $300 to $500. Terms: One fifth cash, balance over two years. When the industries located at Imperial are running full time, and the Second Narrows bridge is built, these lots will be worth thousands of dollars each. NOW is the time to buy. A good many lots are already sold. If you want to be sure of securing one or more lots, send a deposit at once, and we shall select for you the best property left at the price you name. These lots are going fast, therefore we reserve the right to refund your money if all lots are sold by the time your application arrives. D. MacL UR G 340 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. To Ni D. obtain maps 2me and particu ars fill up and mail this c aup on Address MacLURG, Please se 340 nd me Pond part erSt rul; ITS of VANCOUVER ER1NDALE > B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IK EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 The Kootenay Fruit Country By C. W. Esmond, B. S. A. Formerly Editor Maritime Farmer, later Associate Editor of the Northwest Farmer, of Winnipeg, Man., now of Vancouver, B. C. Though a citizen of British Columbia I had been a stranger to the Kootenay —had heard much, but had never seen it. Sir Edmund Walker, President of the Canadian Bank of Commerce, said: "Few parts of the northern world will give so generous a response to the labor applied to the land as British Columbia." I shall not attempt to discuss his observation, but shall merely tell what I saw, and you may judge of the application of this statement to the Kootenay. You go into the Kootenay either from Revelstoke on the C. P. R. main line at the north, or by way of the Crow's Nest branch of the C. P. R. from the south. 1 f entering from the States, you can come in from Spokane over either the C. P. R. or Great Northern. I enjoyed the unsurpassed scenic trip from Revelstoke by rail down the Columbia River Valley to Arrowhead, and thence by steamer down the Arrow Lakes. The Arrow Lakes are merely an expansion of the great Columbia. The Kootenay people believe that when the Columbia is made navigable to the sea, a large proportion of the Western Canada grain crop, as well as other products, will be transhipped from the railway at Kootenay points and be carried down the river to the tide-water. On leaving Arrowhead the quaint stern-wheeler draws out into the lake from the shadow of the beetling mountain that overhangs the town—a cluster of houses and humming sawmills. The lake varies from one to a little over two miles in width. We swept on past snowy peaks and green mantled hills.. We pursue our course through a land that is beginning to bloom wi£h happy homes. The climate is delightful. The valleys are warm in summer, but snow-capped peaks are always in sight, and ice-cold streams trickling down the mountainside constantly refresh the receptive soil. The winters, bright and clear, are never extremely cold. Government meteorological statistics show that for a period of three years the highest temperature re corded was 94 degrees Fahy and the lowest 6 degrees below zero. Kootenains attribute this mildness of climate to the warm, moisture-laden breezes that flow up the Columbia Valley from the Pacific Ocean. To the same cause is attributed the rainfall of 27,91 inches, of which the greatest amount falls in the month of June. It is these climatic conditions, together with the suitability of the soil, that has given the great impetus to fruit growing of late. It was my opportunity to visit a number of the fruit ranches. Mr. John Bangs, a sturdy old pioneer in Fire Valley, has been growing fruit of all kinds for a dozen years, getting $1 per box, and sometimes as high as $2 for apples. His land yields him two or three tons of hay to the acre, worth upwards of $20 per ton. Potatoes give him 8 tons to the acre, and sell for from $20 to $60 per ton. His orchard, formerly in meadow now receives careful cultivation, and is developing into a splendid revenue-producer. He has never lost from frost or hail or drought—he is always sure of a crop, and his neighbors have the same happy tale to tell. Across the lake at the Needles, I visited the large ranch of Mr. G. Fauquier, who has been here for about ten years, and who contracts to supply certain quantities of fruit each year to Calgary wholesalers at certain fixed prices. The boat calls each day during the fruit season, and takes away the consignment for that day. Large areas are given over to small fruits, and Mr. Fauquier stated that he clears about $350 per acre from strawberries, after deducting all expenses, and from raspberries he has cleared as high as $600 per acre. Those who are not familiar with the Pacific Slope do not appreciate the rapid, vigorous growth of the trees, nor the early age at which they bear. Mr. Fauquier's young orchard of about 1400 trees, or approximately 20 acres, is just coming nicely into bearing, and he pointed out one young Spy tree that had yielded 8 boxes, nearly three barrels, at five years of age. Let those who are familiar with the Spy in the East note this fact. The laden branches of the young trees trail the ground, heavy with fruit. No fruit pests have yet invaded this region. The government maintains a careful inspection of all fruit trees brought in, and also of any fruit that may be imported from other districts. The growers all spray as a precaution, and infection is prevented. This, of course, places an immense advantage with this section as a producer of superior fruit. If there is one fruit more than another that reaches perfection in the Kootenay, it is the cherry. By Mr. Gibbet, along the Arrow Lake, we were invited to help ourselves at a particularly fine, well loaded Royal Anne cherry tree. The fruit seemed to be about the size of crab apples as I have known them, and the flavor could not be improved. The little boy's idea of heaven as being a place where he could' camp beneath a cherry tree and indulge without stint struck us as being pretty correct. Here is an example that shows Kootenay cherries in the light of revenue producers. Mr. J. T. Bealby, near Nelson, whose ranch I visited, told me that from one tree this year he had taken $75 worth of fruit, and from a third of an acre of cherry trees he had taken over $5°° worth of fruit. The financial successes of a large number of individuals outside of those whom the writer was privileged to visit, seem quite as brilliant as those at the apple shows. A few examples will suffice. Mr. James Johnston, of Nelson, has made a net profit of $500 to $600 per acre from apples alone, the trees being 7 years old. Mr. Hyslop, of Nelson, has obtained $900 per acre from 12 year old trees. For a young orchard, in which both potatoes and apples were grown, Messrs. Mawdsley and Eskrigge, of Kaslo report a return of $320 per acre. The above mentioned Mr. Hyslop has received $900 per acre from raspberries, and Mr. Johnston's average gross return from cherries is at the rate of $1050 per acre. There are some fruit ranches near Nelson for which $1000 per acre has been refused, but sufficient time has not elapsed for many plantations to reach this stage of value. The prevailing price for unimproved land suitable for fruit is $100 per acre. The land costs $50 to $100 per acre to clear. Land that is 1 KERRISDALE FACTS The school grounds comprise 10 acres, (Have you a boy?) The carfare is only 5c. The distance from the Post Office is only 4 miles. Watermains will be laid in 5 months. Fine lots can be bought by paying $100 down, balance over 2 years, or if you want an acre send in your name at once as I propose to cut up 5 acres in acre blocks. (Acre blocks are scarce.) ROOM 4 32 GRANVILLE ST. APPLY H. W. WINDLE VANCOUVER, B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS r 1910 cleared and set to young trees costs $300 per acre and upward. It is quite usual for the fruit rancher to clear his land gradually and make his living off the portions first cleared by raising berries, potatoes and other vegetables, and by keeping poultry. Prices for poultry and eggs are particularly high, and the conditions for poultry raising are exceptionally favorable. The soil will make money for the owner all the time that the trees are coming into bearing. I liave given you facts about the Kootenay—what do you think of it? I wanted to tell you more but the Editor says my space is gone so I induced him to insert this coupon. If you are interested in the Kootenay country and if you want OPPORTUNITIES to know more, of its fruit growing possibilities, use this coupon: OPPORTUNITIES, Department F, Vancouver, B. C. Gentlemen: I want to hear more about fruit growing in the Kootenay. Will you send me some further facts about the country. Yours' truly, Sign Name and Address Plainly. Opportunities in Sugar Beets HNE of the most important industries ever projected for British Columbia is that which will involve the utilization of many thousands of acres of farm lands for the production of sugar beets. An appreciation of the great value of the development of a beet sugar industry in this Province will be reached when it is known that, accord- ;ing to high authority, the great present •prosperity of Germany is based chiefly I upon its widespread industry of making sugar from beets. Since the conditions in British Columbia are as good ras in Germany for the raising of sugar i beets, it is highly probable that the [wealth of this Province and the prosperity of thousands of its citizens will in the hiot distant future be very materially increased through the medium of the su- i gar beet. As is well known, this vegetable has [already given rise to several large sugar I making plants in the Dominion of Canada. There is a big factory at Wallace- [ burg, Ont.; one at Berlin, Ont.; and one at Raymond, Alta. These have done I much for the sections in which they are [ located, and yet careful experiments [ made under the auspices of the Domin- [ ion government show that the soil of [ British Columbia is better adapted for \ the sugar beet than is that of any of [these sections in the East. In Ontario, E for instance, the amount of sugar in the Rbest ranges from sixteen to seventeen l per cent, and in Alberta is in the I neighborhood of fourteen per cent.; I while along the Fraser river, in I the vicinity of Aerassiz and Mission, excellently well adapted to the production of the sugar beet. This acreage would produce an annual output of sugar worth $20,000,000 and with the developing markets, there will be no danger of over-production. This output of $20,000,000 worth of beet sugar a year is, of course, not an immediate probability, and is mentioned only to give an idea of what the industry in the Province is very likely to become eventually. In the meantime the pioneers in beet sugar making here contemplate the utilization during the first year of about 2,500 acres in the neighborhood of the factory at Mission, which, it is contemplated, will be opened by this time next year. Dr. George Schumacher and Mr. W. O. Peters are now engaged in showing the farmers how by raising sugar beets they can greatly increase the financial returns upon their land, and can at the same time very materially improve the quality of this land for other crops. These gentlemen are suggesting to each farmer that at the beginning he devote ten acres to sugar beets. This will mean a production, on the ten acres, of one hundred and fifty tons of beets, which the sugar manufactory will guarantee to buy at a rate of at least $5 a ton, giving the farmer a return of $75° °n this amount of land planted in beets. Not only does the farmer obtain this profit, but, as has been said, he also improves his land for other crops. The testimony of farmers in Ontario and Alberta is that no other crop so effectually cleans the land or so well fits it for barley, oats or wheat in the fol- where the British Columbia beet sugar lowini season as a well tilled crop 01 actory wil be located, the percentage >ucrar beet: t will kill out, they say, Page 35 hoe has cut its stem the broad leaves of the beet shut out the light of the sun from its roots and they die. There is no doubt that the land is greatly improved by the cultivation it receives, and the operations are so simple that cheap unskilled labor if properly directed will serve the purpose. The growing of sugar beets is equally beneficial to the live stock on a farm, because the pulp, returned to the farmer from the factory free of cost, makes the best of fodder. For instance, a certain number of farmers who raised 3441 cattle before they began to grow sugar beets, raised 54°9 afterward. They raised 732 heifers before, and 1087 afterward; 31 hogs before and 9119 afterward; they fattened 635 cattle before and 2681 afterward. The reason of this great improvement in their stock was that they were able to keep their cattle in the stalls after they began to grow sugar beets and to feed them on the pulp. It is the intention of the projectors of the beet sugar factory in British Columbia to begin the erection of their factory, the site of which has already been acquired, on the Fraser river at Mission next spring, so that they may be ready to produce sugar immediately after the harvesting of the beet crops next October. They expect to continually expand the acreage devoted to beet growing in the Province by proving to the farmers through actual demonstrations that one of the greatest sources of prosperity is British Jfmerican trust Company, Ltd. City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. fPANTORIUM Tailoring Phone 1823 Renovating Suits Sponged and Pressed for 50c. One trial will make you a regular customer. L313 Gamble St, Vancouver, B» C, ) of sugar averages eighteen per cent. that tough-lived pest the Canadian this- It is estimated that in British Co- tie; and when asked how it destroys the Jumbia there are 120,000 acres of land thistle they will tell you, that after the Raymond S owing Machines Try the "Es sv Running- Raymond" Made in Canada Guaranteed for Ten Years. Our ] 'rices are Right. 432 HOMER ST. VANCOUVER, B. C. F. P. M00NEY. M ana ,'f r PHONE 4467 THERE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IN EV ERT ONE OF OT7R ADVERTISEMENTS Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 to be found in the sugar beet. In the beginning they will have a farm of their own devoted exclusively to the beet. Here the farmers of British Columbia will be able to observe the best method for growing this crop. From this farm, moreover, instructors will go to various sections and teach the farmers how they may make the most of their land for beets. Moreover, there will be on this farm the most approved machinery for cultivating and harvesting the beet, and this machinery, at a nominal rent, will be at the disposal of those who are engaged in raising beets. Since the period of manufacturing beet sugar and the harvesting of the crop will extend, at the beginning ,over only about ninety days, the company intends to equip a plant with fruit canning machinery. This will be a boon to the farmers, for the reason that it will give them a profit on hundreds of tons of fruit too ripe to send to the big markets, and would be, without the canneries, a dead loss. This fruit, immediately on picking, can be taken to the factory, where it will be paid for in cash. In this way not only will the farmer derive, a very considerable profit from the beets, but he will also obtain a larger yield in money from his fruits than up to the present time has been the case. The importance of the development of this industry in British Columbia is fully realized by the Provincial Government, which has given assurances that it will guarantee the payment of the interest of five per cent, on $200,000 worth of bonds which are being placed in the financial markets. Moreover, the railroad companies have promised an unusually low freight rate between their local stations and the factory. On all sides great interest has been manifested in the starting in British Columbia of this industry. As to beet sugar itself, it has the merit of being cheaper than cane sugar, and in no way inferior in quality. In fact, no chemist, however expert, can tell the difference between sugar produced from beets and that produced from sugar cane. Thus the development of this industry in British Columbia will be advantageous to the consumer; will have a strong effect in increasing the stability of British Columbia agriculture, and will give em ployment to a large number of people in the sugar factory. There is at the present time no sugar manufacturing industry in the Province. The nearest approach to it is a sugar refinery. Here the sugar is merely refined, beine brought from Pacific Ocean islands in the raw state. A very considerable proportion of the millions of dollars which consumers of Canada pay for their sugar goes to these islands instead of remaining at home to enhance the prosperity of the home people. Doctor Schumacher and Mr. Peters are sugar experts who had their training in the German centers of the industry. They are organizing the industry here on a co-operative plan. They are desirous of arousing on the part of the farmer as great an interest as possible in growing sugar beets, and are therefore giving him an opportunity to share on a very favorable basis in the profits of the company. This co-operative plan has been adopted with great success in Germany, and it is believed that in British Columbia it will prove to be the best plan for the rapid and stable development of the industry. ^•••••••••.•••••••••••••"••••~«~»~«« •••• .»..»..:.»..»..»..»..:.*..»..*„!..:.9.. .••••••••.••••••.•••••••.•••^••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••« WOODWORKERS LIMITED WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of Ibuilding material. Office and. Factory : 2843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIA, B. C .}..•« .•..•..•..•..•.••..•«•»•..•,. .»..»..». «..«..(>.. j BULLEN & LAMB (Late Bullen Photo Co.) Phone 4018 The House of Ideas 743 Pender Street, W. VANCOUVER, B. C. The Highest of Ideals Architectural Photography Enlargements Amateur Finishing Picture Framing Cameras and Supplies «fM>ii>n>n«i'»i»»^»..»~»~«"»~>>.»^»~»^>.'«"»~«>'»WM»~«^»..»..>^»^«M>..«^>l.>..«..>M«..>i.».■»■■»..>■.»..>..»..>..>..>.. •..•«•..•«•..•«•«•..•■■•..•■■•■••■.•■••■••■••■.•..•■«•••■■•"•'. »•««>»•>«■»•»$» f ..%..%»%..%..»..* "•..••.••. •--•-••-< #-».♦£♦ For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist j John M. Chappell } * i j Room 2, 443 Pender Street \ Owners ate requested to list all Point Grey property with me >I»II»II»II»II»II»II»H«I1»H»I1»M«M»..>II«I.>■■«■■«■•»..»■■»■■>■ Trunks, Bags, Suitcases, Ladies' Shopping Bags, etc. The First Store of its kind in Vancouver Around the Corner on Hastings - St., opposite Post Office ■|n|ii»i|ii»ii|il|ii|"|i'tii>"«N«iitn>ii|ii|ii<ii»i>iit»|n>i'ti'>i «•• (^ASf^A T)E T1?e "B^z without a Peez <».«~»~»~»-^~«~«-«~«'•••••"•«•••••••« •»••»•••••»««••«".••»••»..».•...» i«h»h»ii»i 1« »-»..»..«••»•.«- i«ii»iHiitii»ii>ii»il»n«ii» » i>n»»»—W»i»ii> l»i « i»ii»i »ii»ii>ii»ii»ii»ii>ii« It Hii>ii»n»i't"» ■»'•••»»♦ THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 37 Eggs Wanted Eggs are in great demand, but the kind the public are looking for are the ones obtained from healthy fowl—and at this time of the year hens are not healthy--but they mav be kept healthy and your egg supply increased by feeding P. & Q. Poultry Food, approved by government test. Call and see our analysis on P. & G. Poultry Food and P. & G. Stock Food. For Sale by all dealers or direct from us, charges prepaid. The Perry-Gordon Manufacturing Company | 314 HASTINGS ST. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. i I Baxter & Johnson Co. • LIMITED OFflCE OUTFITTERS " Underwood " Typewriter " Macey " Filing Cabinets " Gunn " Sectional Bookcases Steel Vault Fittings i PHONE 730 i 721 Yates St. i VICTORIA, B. C. .>..»..»..>..>.■>■.»..>■■>..» M».»>n»..».. J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LHW'BUTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. ©, P. 0. B©X 271 Estimates Cheerfully Given Phone 6481 HENRY M. WALKER Contractor for Land Clearing, Stumping, Blasting, Etc. Office, 552 Barnard St,, Vancouver, B. C Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Mapa, Stow Card Writing Designs ana Specifications for Steel and Concrete Buildings Drawings for Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives UNNECESSARY IMPORTS. British Columbia last year spent $12,- 000,000 for imported foods, at least 75 per cent, of which might have been raised in this Province. Although British Columbia can raise every kind of fruit grown in the temperate zone and although an infinitestimal fraction of the fruit lands of the Province are in orchard, we import annually 1,000 tons of apples alone. We paid out last year $2,- 000,000-for two-thirds of our butter supply, although British Columbia has millions of acres of the grandest dairy lands under the sun. With millions of acres of land suitable for grazing and mixed farming we import more than half our beef supply. For hog products last year we paid $1,800,000. We import hundreds of thousands in mutton. We bring in hundreds of tons of vegetables and small fruits. We don't begin to supply our own hay and coarse grains. We spend hundreds of thousands annually importing horses, yet we have the finest horse breeding conditions in Canada. o CAPITAL FOR CANADA. One feature of Canada's great commercial and financial expansion during the last few years has been not only the capital induced to come here from Great Britain and several European countries, but also from the United States. This is not confined to the American manufacturer, who desires to participate in the ever-widening Canadian market and builds a branch of his factory here, nor to the farmer from the Western States who brings over his goods and chattels in addition to a goodly collection of cash. There is another factor working toward directing the flow of capital this way. The new-comer is the man who regards the political situation in the United States with distrust, and is looking for a country where there is less legislative interference with business. A POULTRY ASSOCIATION. A British Columbia Poultry Association, affiliated with the American Association, has been organized with the following officers: President, W. E. Cole, Burnaby; Vice-president, W. A. Nach- tribe, Victoria; Secretary, W. Stone- house. It is purely a British Columbia organization. Members exhibiting stock not of their own raising will be penalized by suspension for one year from the privileges of the association. It was stated in this connection, that in some places it was a common thing for persons to purchase Eastern stock for exhibition as their own. LEAN RSHOW CARD WRITING Without giving up your present employment. We conduct day and night classes. Private lessons and correspondence courses given special attention. L. J. TROUNCE SHOW CARD WRITER 1210 Dominion Trust Building', Vancouver, B. 0. ♦ 1 1 § i ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ i % The" Red Cross" Sanitary Closets ♦ are Strongly Commended by Physicians ♦ The "Ajax" Chemical Fire Engine ♦ The " Simplex" Fire Escape are Highly Recommended by Fire Chiefs Our Aluminium Advertising Novelties ♦ ♦ J Telephone 656 ♦ ♦ are Greatly Appreciated by Live Advertisers WE ARE SOLE AGENTS r, mmis AND COMPANY t Hall and Lavery Block NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. *♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ i+♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ >-♦-♦-♦•♦ I Testing the Eyesight j! is not guesswork—It is a scientific pro- ° ceedure which only a Specialist can <> follow deftly and with certainty. If your Eyesight is not what you think it ought to be, call and have it tested properly. 0 Dr. Earl T. McCoy f Eyesight Specialist X> Glasses Fitted 65 Fair field Bldg.,445 Granville St, TELEPHONES {j^t G .D.George Successor to T. e. HICKS HaeKs Or i the Stand Day and Night OFFICE : 413 RICHARDS STREET ................. Prince Rupert, B. C. Mines, Stocks and Real Estate. Farm Lands in the Skeena, Bulkley and Kispiox Valleys • •••^•■•••••••••e-.-u-.." »•••••••••..»..»..»..«..»..»..»..»..«..«.....t. THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 ■*c^Hroiw*tw^^)aiiwvw«*^j* POINT GREY The Home of the University of British Columbia We can offer you Beautiful High Building Lots in this desirable district, cleared ready for building on. These should increase in value very rapidly. $750 AND UP Also 2 fine High View Lots on Johnstone Road, slashed and burnt over. $650 TERMS: ONE QUARTER GASH 6, 12, 18 AND 24 MONTHS A. L AUSTIN & GO. BROKERS I 328 Granville St. Vancouver. B. C. CHILLIWACK The Garden of British Columbia Farm Lands We have four hundred acres of Prairie Land, dyked, drained, and ready for the plough. Good roads, convenient to schools. Four miles from Chilliwack ; two miles from tram line. Land guaranteed to be without superior in British Columbia. We offer this in lots of 20, 40 or 80 acres at $150 AND $175 PER ACRE on easy terms extending" over four years. ALEXANDER & McKAY 1071 Granville St. phoneiszz Vancouver, B. C. «=» ^g? AG'REA GE In blocks of one acre and upwards FROM $4-&& an acre IN A DIRECT LINE WITH THE SECOND NARROWS BRIDGE North Vancouver The Lillooet road goes right through this property, the greater part of which we guarantee to contain no grade over a two per cent grade. Terms: quarter cash, balance quarterly over 30 months. WWard, SSurmester & Vm Qraevenitz Offices Phone 5522 411 Pender St., Vancouver, B.& «t GULF OF GEORGIA TERRACE IN POINT GREY The southern slope and sunny side, all lots command an unexcelled view of the Gulf and Fraser Valley- Terms of four years. MOLE ©• KEEFER | 1065 Granville St. Phone7020 Vancouver, B.C. % SOUTH VANCOUVER THE IDEAL RESIDENCE DISTRICT $50 cash buy? a homesite within three blocks of the Grandview car line. This is your opportunity. GRASP IT. INVESTORS LAND CO. 317 Gambie Street Vancouver, B. G PHONE 2328 OPEN EVENINGS M THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 I WE ARE SPECIALISTS IN $ $ 1 Portland Canal Stocks AND CAN GIVE YOU FULL INFORMATION ON ANY COMPANY OPERATING IN THAT DISTRICT. DAILY QUOTATIONS RECEIVED. | B. MAYSMITH & CO., LTD. VICTORIA. B. C. MEMBERS PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE Offices: Victoria, B. C, Vancouver, B. C, Stewart, B. C, Nanaimo, B. C, Seattle. Wash. if»i»">"«" ■>ii»i|">» The PORTLAND Mrs. Baker. Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B. C, •£*•••••••••• ••••••••••■.•■•••. .«..«..»..•..... ■»■■»'■>■•«»»»->•»•■<$♦ Steam Heat, Gas, Electric Light, Telephone Hot and Cold Running' Water in Each Room THE NEW TOURIST, 107 CORDOVA ST. THE ANGELES, 927 WESTMINSTER AVE. VANCOUVER, B. C. G. W. ARNOTT ft CO. Real Gstate and Insurance Drawer 1539 <*» Prince Rupert Splendid Opportunities for Investors <J< ■••••..•..«.... ■••.••.•••••.•.• .»..•«.•. «|» Stanley Park Stables Your impressions of Vancouver—the "Sunset City"—will be made all the more lasting" by seeing- the City and magnificent Stanley Park jn one of our comfortable HACKS, BROUGHAMS, VICTORIAS, SURREYS, OR CARRIAGES. Stanley Park Stables, %y™eu MANAGER VANCOUVER, B. C. Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 J N O . JACKSON? Scientific Chiropodist Lorns removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. HUNDREDS OF NEW TOWNS. Western Canada is building towns on the wholesale plan. The Government 'and the big transcontinental railroads working in harmony, intend to lay out and populate two hundred and twenty new towns in the next year and a half; an average of three new towns will be placed on the map of Canada every week during the next eighteen months. Along the new Grand Trunk Pacific, now building, will be placed over one hundred and fifty of these embryo cities. The Canadian Pacific will build up new towns along its roadbed whenever there are more than sixteen miles between existing stations; the Canadian Northern has entered the new town-building scheme, and will place thirty-five new towns on the map as it drives its three thousand-mile extension through the unbroken wilderness of the great Canadian North-West. These will not be boom towns, plotted and sold to speculators. Every one of them will be built because there is a demand for them, and the Canadian Government Immigration Bureau has three hundred agents in the United States creating that demand among the farmers, business men and mechanics there.- Agents are also busy in Europe, but the largest portion of the population of these new towns will be Americans. Last year 59,832 Americans left their homes in the States and started life anew in Canada. They brought with them $60,000,000 in money and property. It is not an indigent class that has come over, but rather the farmer of moderate means, who, dissatisfied with conditions in the States, finds a virgin country up here awaiting his plow. It is estimated that in the last ten years more than half a billion dollars has been brought over by the five hundred thousand immigrants from the States. They are attracted by the cheap land, the homestead land and its fertility. But other reasons enter into consideration, too, and they are cheap lumber, cheap clothing and the general feeling that laws are enforced better in the Dominion of Canada than in the United States. They have here also postal regulations enabling the farmer to do much of his shopping by mail. The Government has mapped out a scheme whereby it will populate the new towns as fast as the townsites are laid out. First, the railroad will erect a station; then an elevator will be built, so that the farmers will be assured of a local market for their crops; then a school building will be started, and while all these preparations are under way, the many immigration agents in the United States will be "booking" Americans for these towns and the surrounding farm land. •••♦j* We make a specialty 01 Business, Farm and Residential • Property. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED ! CURRIE & POWER _ . - _ • REAL ESTATE and INSURANCE AGENTS 1214 Douglas Street P. 0. Box 316 i VICTORIA, B. C. o • ««>»t"«'l>»ttl'«»»»t''»''»"»»»"t"»"t"«"»"t"t«»»«"»''«"t"lll»l^t Mrs. J. E. Elliott I i I Hand-made Goods a Specialty { The most Lp-to-Date Store For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear and everything needful for Infants and Children. Phone R313 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. ■>■■»■.«ii»,i»ir«n»il|l i i ll>..».l>M»l.»,l»,l»,t»> S. N. SEMPLE PRACTICAL HORSESHOER All kinds of Imperfect Gaits Rectified. TROTTING SHOES AND RUNNING PLATES a Specialty. Orossfiring, Interfering and Forging Stopped ■without fail by Latest Improved Methods. Special Attention given to Contracted Feet and Lameness. PHONE NO. 1367 Address : 662 SEYMOUR ST. rn JTruTJiruiTLn uxruxirnjTJTJirLrirLririj; HENRY CROFT H. G. ASI C Assoc, Mem. Inst. C. E. ( c , , I M. Inst. Mech. E. /England P Notary Public Cable Code : BEDFORD MACNEIL Cable Address : "CRAS," Vancouver Telepbone 5937 CROFT & ASHBY REAL ESTATE, TIMBER MINES, GOAL LANDS 150,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.50 86,000 acres Ominica District, at per acre, $4.50 40,000 acres Cariboo District, at per acre, $4.00 7,680 acres Powell lake, go miles from Vancouver, at per acre $4.00 5,000 acres Rupert District, Vancouver Island, at per acre $10.00 6,400 acres Nechaco District at per acre, $4.50 CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED LRoom 5, Wmcb Bid*. Vancouver., B„ G- THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zht progressive Brokerage, Tinancial and Industrial Tirms and Institutions of British Columbia. Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN 8s CO. Real Estate and Insurance. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON ft C. CLAYTON Real Estate " Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B, C. LEONARD & REIO Real Estate and Pire Insurance Mining- Properties In Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. E. C. B. BAG-SHAWE ft CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLLINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 240a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. JOHN M. CHAPPBLL Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTHIE & WISHART Real Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. PRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD ft SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone 3202 329 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. ♦$♦•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••.•••••..•..•..•..•..•..»..•..«.•$« j SHAMROCK LIVERY | \ TEAMINGandFEEDSTABLES j E. GRANDY AND SON | Post Office Address: PORT ALBERNI, B. C. ? .?*••••••••<••-••••••-•<••-•«<-••••••••••-<•■••■••••••••..•■••■••..•..•..•..e--*-.^« ?el. 5852 GOODYEAR ft MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 06 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C. GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insurance, Commission Agts. Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN & AFFLETON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON ft CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT ft WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. HINKSON, SIDDALL ft SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R 1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C W. P. Moncreiff P. E. Townsherid W. P. MONCREIPP ft CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT & PELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. Res.: 3030 Quadra St. Office Phone 2418 E. HENDERSON & CO. Farms, Timber and Mines FRUIT LANDS 711 Yates Street Room 1, Sylvester Block VICTORIA, B. C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc, Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. PATTULO ft RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707^ Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. CHAS. L. PARKER Broker and Commission Agent Suite 50-51, 429 Pender St. Phone 3859 - VANCOUVER, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH ft SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 - Phone 1743 P. H. SEABROOK ft CO. Real Estate and Timber Phone 4043 316 Pender St. $ VANCOUVER, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT & LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. ..•..•..•.••..•~*.-*..«»*xJ* T. A. McQueen i E. J. Bright I The Capital City Realty Co. REAL ESTATE > FINANCIAL AND INSURANCE AGENTS ? 618 Yates St. Phone 2162 VSCTORIA.B.C ** THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS r 1910 OPPORTUNITIES imMmmmmmm\\\\\mmiimw//mwMmt ■D0iM|||ipiiii STOCK Aibl CO.R:ROMAJT:|01i CAPITAL * 2,000.000 REAL ESTATE-TIMBER-MINING STOCKS-BONDS-DEBENTURES LOANS - FINANCIAL AGENTS WINCH BUILDING HASTINGSSTW ^'Mst*. VANCOU^EB. B.C. SPECIAL BUYS IN West Fort George The coming City of Central British Columbia WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE CIRCULARS DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in tne City Fifteen minutes walk from P. 0. One minute s 'walk from street cars VICTORIA, B. C. ••♦*. +•••••••••••••• M >*••••••••♦£♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦J ! THE GRANVILLE I BROKERAGE CO, j I Real Estate, Insurance and Commission Agents I X HORNBY STREET | ♦ East Side, near Pender—Full Lot with Good House. ♦ ♦ Price, $15,000. Terms over 2 Years. 1 f ♦ % Twelfth Avenue—66 feet—$1950—Terms. ♦ Sixth Avenue—25 x 100—$1200—Terms. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ I 1069 Granville Street ♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ GRANDVIEW NORTH VANCOUVER D.L. 611—50 feet—$275—Easy Terms. POINT GREY Lot 25, Block 30, D. L. 2027—60 x 130. Price only $775 on Terms. VANCOUVER, B. C. WE TOLD YOU TO "WAIT" FOR t£ summrsiDE WW NOW INVESTIGATE } THE FINEST FRUIT GROWING DISTRICT IN THE WORLD While visiting the 1 APPLE SHOW," don't fail to call at the SUNNYSIDE booth or at our office for literature and bird's eye view of this wonderful district. Hailed free on request. ROSS AND SHAW 318 HASTINGS STREET WEST VANCOUVER, B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 3~ rospective Settlers IN BRITISH COLUMBIA i The road to Independence is not easy to discover. Many good men are handicapped by their lack of funds. Opportunity may have knocked at their door many times and each time they have been forced to turn her away because they were unable to surmount the financial barrier. To a man of that kind a CO-OPERATIVE system is a necessity. We want to help you reach the goal of your ambition by co-operating with you in Beet Sugar Growing and Manufacturing in the Fertile Fraser Valley of British Columbia. We are experienced sugar manufacturers and need you to grow the beets on our co-operative plan. Mail us a card and it will start you on the road which in the end BRINGS INDEPENDENCE FRASER VALLEY SUGAR WORKS CO. 3ig PENDER STREET VANCOUVER, B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 3 SOUTH VANCOUVER AND POINT GREY We own some of the very best property in these districts. If Deal direct with the owners and get terms to suit you Agassiz Earm Lands We own 200 acres of the cream of the Agassiz Valley. It is close to town and as choice land as there is in British Columbia. We will sell en bloc or in parcels to suit purchasers. Latimer, Ney and McTavish, Limited 419 Pender Street, Vancouver, B. C. Phone 4894 The Pleasantest Feature of a Trip to New York Is making the round of the Cafes ^f Here in the gay atmosphere of creature comforts and good cheer, one can enjoy the flavour of perfect food, cooked to the individual taste; rare wines, properly cooled; music by splen- did artists, and deferential, noiseless service. €fl An atmosphere of gaiety pervades the artistic surroundings; an atmos- phere of dash and go which is heightened by the constant arrival and departure of beautiful women and well" groomed men. ^ Vancouver is not New York—at least, not yet, but The Carlton Cafe Cordova and Cambie Streets, Vancouver is in every respect, equal to, and remf iniscent of the best restaurants of that great metropolis. €| This is especially true since the arrival of JAMES MORGAN, the New Manager. ^f Here is a man who knows his New York well, a man who has played the game from both sides of the table. He has traveled far and wide. He has studied the traveling public for years and catered successfully to its wants. Under his management, the Garlton is bound to appeal to the class of patronage \phich knows "good living," and practices what it knows. <f In point of service, cooking, music, and all the rest, Morgan promises your money will bring you more real satisfaction at the Garlton than any other cafe tfti the Pacific Coast, ASK THE MAN WHO KNOWS THERE ARE OPPORTUJt 1TJLES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 4 OPPORTUNITIES I 1910 Beautiful Women and Women who wish to be Beautiful Value My Preparations ^^THIS is the time of the year when cold winds i£L chap your face and hands. My ORANGE v*,f FLOWER CREAM, a purely vegetable preparation, soothes and takes all roughness from the face, and keeps the hands white and smooth. Dr. Trouville's ECZEMA SALVE gives immediate relief to those suffering with burning and itching scalps. Try it. First treatment guaranteed beneficial. Full directions on each jar. MARY T. GOLDMAN'S GREY HAIR RESTORER, the best preparation of its kind on the market, comes in four different shades. Positively no injury to the hair and no bad after effects by its use. Dr. Trouville's EGYPTIAN SKIN FOOD is unsurpassed for the treatment of pimples or blackheads on the face. IT WILL POSITIVELY remove lines from the face, and is the best tissue builder obtainable. 25% DISCOUNT will be allowed on all mail orders received during December for Hair Goods of. every description. BACK COMBS, HAIR ORNAMENTS, etc., make acceptable and useful Christmas gifts. All orders received, by mail are given my personal attention. Madame Humphreys Extends Christmas Greetings to all her Patrons MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largest, Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast ¥33 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. *PIlone looo THERE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS J 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 5 W. BROWN Telephones 1193, R7811, L1533 W. H. BROWN Notary Public W. C. MacBETH WE ARE BUSY COME AND SEE US Properties are starting to move in this DISTRICT, now is your chance to get in and make money. We have these properties exclusive,.and the beauty of these lots is they are all cleared and ready to build on. f i. ;| . |" CONSIDER THESE PRICES f J j ||v^,' '^^W^ft. : Come and we will take you on the ground. They are all close to the carline.. ' Knight Road, 8 lots, only $1500 each 21st ave., 8 lots, only $850 each 21st ave., 2 corners, only $1000 each Banks ave. 2 lots, only $850 each TERMS ARE EASY You will agree with us that this is the place to put your money; it will be as safe as the bank. ft J MUTRIE cfe BROWN ROO3M3610h'a^n^sbtuwd,ng BJ2KTS DOMINION INVESTORS CORPORATION And the opportunities they have to offer. LIMITED 213 Domlni3n Trust Building VANCOUVER, B. C. We are Specialists in Vancouver City and Suburban property. We have Timber on Tidewater and in the Interior. We Own and have For Sale choice Farm Lands in the Fraser River and Peace River Valleys. For full pazticulazs zegazding these pzopezties PLEASE CALL OR WRITE E>. A. OLDS, General Manager PHONE 6756 WINDSOR PARK Adjoins the Future Centre of North Vancouver—Lies in the vicinity of SECOND NARROWS BRIDGE and IMPERIAL CAR WORKS. PRICES, $125 forinside Lots, $150 for Corners. TERMS, $20 Cash, Balance $5 per month. FOSTER & FISHER 310 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 6488 Open Evenings Learn Show Card Writing I give a complete course consisting of: IS Different Alphabets Design Work, Borders, Scrolls Illuminated Letters Stencil and Air Brush Work T T T T? CI TT M H W- 633 GRANVILLE ST. ±*4. J . 1 X\ KJ U ±y \*s J2j (Over Tourist Association) VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA XXXXXXXXXIXXXXXXXXXX THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN cxxxxncxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxgxxrxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx For the Best and most satisfactory forms of Accident Insurance or Health Policies covering every form of Accident or Sickness, see our latest proposition. General Agent for B. C. for the . TRAVELLERS INSURANCE COT Hartford, Conn. S WWlM DRESSER 438 Pender Su W., VANCOUVER, B. a M 8 I EVERY ONE OP OTJB, ADVERTISEMENTS Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 (0 c © o CO III > D Q o z M < < > z o (0 <* 0 < u Q Q O 0 S100 Cash Secures l/i acre at Port IVIann in oc h CO OC u Q Z III Q. 5 o ■*-» UJ CO ■M o -J (0 bJ) W CO C > O o c 9 > o (0 III III K IL (0 Q. < 2 ■D CD -C (0 a O CO c CD £ CD CD bO < MARICOPA OIL COMPANY OF LOS ANGELES Are you satisfied with small returns on your investments? If not, it will pay you to investigate the opportunities for larger returns offered by investment in California Oil Shares. We have a few shares in THE MARICOPA OIL COMPANY of Los Angeles, for sale. " The Company that will show results." 0. H. BOWMAN & COMPANY INVESTMENT BROKERS Mahon Bldg. VICTORIA, B. C. P. 0. Box 1048 The Grandview of Burnaby Just a few left. Over 100 lots sold in four months. Nearly cleared, electric lights, telephone, water, macadamized roads, sidewalks being put down, "and only four blocks to earline. Inside Lots - $225 Double Corners, $550 One-quarter cash, balance easy. Delays are dangerous. Time is money. Don't hesitate. BROWN REALTY CO. 603 Victoria Drive Vancouver, B. C. ALEX. McINTOSH Notary Public EARLE C. BROWN WE SELL Point Grey Property The prettiest suburb of Vancouver, 300 yards due west from the far-famed Shaughnessy Heights and only nine minutes ride on the car from Granville Street, with city fares. We have choice view lots, each 50 x 130, all slashed and practically cleared. This property fronts on the new park and site at the corner of Block 88, one street south of King Edward Avenue, which is 132 feet wide and the coming car line street. Price $700 Per Lot Terms Very Easy Phone 424s McINTOSH & BROWN 543 Granville Street, Vancouver Fiscal Agents: Great West Land Co. Ltd. JOHN M. PARK, Broker 1117 Granville Street, VANCOUVER, B.C. Phone 5346 RIOHARDS STREET—7 room house, renting at $45 per month. This property is going to be a choice business lot. Price $12000 ; cash $5000. GORE AVENUE — Corner lot on this coming street bringing in an income at present of $500. Property in this quarter is at a premium, and this will prove a good investment. Price $30,000 ; cash $8,000. GRANVILLE STREET —27 feet near Fourteenth Avenue, $10,000 ; easy terms. If you are looking for a rooming house I have quite a number of all sizes, and some of them can be secured on very reasonable terms. RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY—West End, 11 roomed house on Comox Street, fully modern in every respect. Fine garden, etc. Price, $9,000 ; cash $4,000. KITSILANO—Elegant seven room semi-bungalow, one block from the car. This home is beautifully finished and contains three bedrooms with large clothes closets, front and back balconies commanding an excellent view of the city and the bay. There is a large living room, dining room with fireplace, also den with fireplace and a separate entrance, making it very suitable for an office for a doctor. The kitchen and pantry are well laid out. The basement is cement, full size, fitted with laundry tubs, coal bins, etc. Good furnace. The price of this cosy home is $6,400, with the easy cash payment of $1,500 and the balance over two years. I also have a select list of other houses in Kitsilano and Grandview. THEBE ABB OPPORTUNITIES IW EVEEY OOTB OP OVA ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 ~1 <*& '/< ^5 ipporhmities VANCOUVER, B. C. CONTENTS. DECEMBER, 1910 rage. The Prospector Who Became Vancouver's Mayor. . (/. Herbert Welch) 1 1 Immense Wealth in Minerals (Richard McBride) 1 3 A Year's Output in Minerals 14 The Great Value of Alfalfa (George Schumacher, Ph.D.) 18 Triumph of the Western Spirit ( William Ford) 16 Farm Opportunities for Capitalists and Settlers. . . . (George H. Reynolds) 20 Art in British Columbia (Bernard McEvoxi) 22 Christmas Giving (Alice Ashworth Totpnley) 25 The Rise of Keremeos 26 Salmon River Mining 27 The Victory, a Christmas story (/. H. W.) 28 Industrial Progress in British Columbia 32 A Swelling Tide of Capital (H. Goddard) 34 How Steamboat Camp was Located 34 Vancouver Real Estate Activity 36 Investment Opportunities in Victoria (D. C. Reid) 36 Portland Canal Mining 37 Opportunity Awaits in Richlands 38 L. .J 191 OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO. HUTCHINSON BLOCK VANCOUVER, B. C. Gentlemen:— Please enter ™yr name as a subscriber to your paper for one year, for which Je agree to pay One Dollar in advance. CLASSIFIED ADS. WANTED—Buyers for our 5, 10, 15 and 40 acre farms in Langley, 20 miles from Vancouver, near two railroads and tram line. Prices low and very easy terms. Kraus, Reynolds Co., Ltd., 503 Dominion Trust Building, Vancouver, B. C. Farm Lands, partly improved, 6 miles from Manor, Sask., $18 to $23 per acre. Black & McDonnell, 60 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, B. C. THE JANUARY OPPORTUNITIES It is difficult, in a single issue of a magazine, to present material which will be representative of all the important activities of a great section of the world like British Columbia. Yet this is what we will endeavor to do in the January number of Opportunities. Since this issue will be the first after the New Year, we will publish a review of the progress in numerous directions in British Columbia during the year now drawing to a close. This review will embrace articles on industrial development, on agricultural progress, on the work of bringing the rich natural resources of the Province to the uses of its people; on the growth of British Columbia's leading cities; on real estate and building progress; on legislation oi moment; on civic movements ot importance. All this will give you a grasp of British Columbia as she is, and an idea of what she is likely to become in the immediate future. Since movements are intelligible only when we trace them to the men behind, we believe in personal sketches in a magazine, and the January issue of Opportunities will have one of Premier McBride, including a live interview with him and pertinent anecdotes which have never been published. The third article of our series on the natural resources of the Province will be devoted to coal, one of British Columbia's greatest assets. There will be another illuminative article on scientific farming, by Dr. Schumacher; another human interest essay by Mrs. Townley; another strong story of lumbering, by J. H. W.; a record of what the progressive women of the Province are doing; an article on British Columbia education; several articles on sections where Opportunity is awaiting the industrious settler; the regular departments, dealing with industries, real estate, and building, and several other features, all of which, well written and well illustrated, will make the January number of Opportunities especially valuable and interesting to those who desire to follow the big forward movement of this Province. THEBS ASS OPPORTUNITIES IK EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Twenty thousand families like these are moving into British Columbia each year A hundred thousand more people are studying OPPORTUNITIES for Investment and locating in the Richest Province of the World. The Magazine—Opportunities Is designed to supply them the specific information which they seek. Can you—as a shrewd advertiser—afford to ignore so receptive an audience. OPPORTUNITIES is keeping pace with the growth of British Columbia. OPPORTUNITIES is reaching out over Canada, the States and Great Britain. OPPORTUNITIES is making opportunities for British Columbia. OPPORTUNITIES enters the homes of the Province. OPPORTUNITIES is selling something more valuable than big circulation—the good will of its readers. OPPORTUNITIES will help you, if you will co-operate. OPPORTUNITIES will reach both the big and the little buyer in every line. OPPORTUNITIES has the confidence of the owner and its staff, from editor to office boy. Will you not investigate it seriously, to see if it is not worthy of yours ? We know that we have a paper that can help your business- Will you read the evidence? THE MAN WITH AN IDEA The owner of Opportunities is "a man with an idea. ' His idea is that British Columbia is the finest spot on God's green earth. He believes in this idea so strongly that he wants other people to know about it. That is why he started Opportunities. WHAT OPPORTUNITIES HAS DONE In one year Opportunities has appeared promptly every month-—which fact alone is a sufficient criterion of success. Besides this, it has gained a bona fide paid-up circulation, both in the Province and out, which has been built up by hard work, both in the editorial and business departments. This circulation is of the very first class, the kind that will stick. The articles which have appeared have been by some of the best known men and women in British Columbia. Time and time again we have been congratulated upon the excellence of our contributions. The cuts and press work have been the best which could be turned out in the Province. Are these facts not worth your consideration? WHAT OPPORTUNITIES IS DOING FOR ITS ADVERTISERS M We believe that the first way in which a magazine can help its advertisers is by looking carefully after the interests of its readers. Opportunities is doing this in many ways. In the first place every cent which the paper makes is going right back into improving its quality. For example, have you noticed our new cover designs? They are the work of one of the best and highest paid artists on the Pacific coast—a man of metropolitan experience and study. If you will notice, you will sec how the grade of our editorial matter is being improved. More photographs, more cuts, more art work, and enlarged editions are the programme for the coming year. With the readers thus catered to, and the special campaign for circulation carried out which is described in the following paragraph, do you not think, Mr. Advertiser, that Opportunities should be included in your advertising appropriation? THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES [Page 9 THE CANADIAN NORTHWEST Four focal points of circulation are being concentrated upon at the present time. These are, British Columbia, the Prairie Provinces, the Central and Middle Western States, and Great Britain. The method taken to secure this circulation is by sampling, circularizing selected lists, and direct appeal by personal letter or solicitation. In Great Britain we have made arrangements for special representation. If you have confidence in your business and its ultimate success, remember that we have confidence in ours. Our business is to help you dispose of your goods. We propose to conduct our business TO WIN. We want to command your esteem and respect. We want you to consider us your co-workers, auxiliary salesmen as it were. Any suggestion we can give to improve your advertising efficiency we will gladly extend. We have men specially trained in the science of advertising whose services we can place at your disposal, men who have brought results for others, and can do the same for you. A little before we spoke of Great Britain and the States as prospective fields for your offerings. Think how keenly interested the British investor has become in British Columbia; think how the wealthy farmers of the Middle West are looking longingly towards British Columbia as a place to spend the proceeds of their rich harvests; think of the young men of well-to-do families in those sections whose parents are willing to see them started in a country which offers the brilliant future most of any; think how the whole trend of civilization is towards this Last Great West. And then think of the service which Opportunities is rendering in supplying a fund of reliable information fresh every month right from the ground. Is such a publication not worthy of your support from a community interest as well as a personal one? SOME THINKING POINTS FOR YOU TO CONSIDER. Consider the advertising value of a magazine which offers opportunities for its readers to increase their capital and welfare. Consider the class of subscribers we are appealing to. Consider the value of integrity and reliability in your advertising medium. Consider our very reasonable advertising rates. Consider the results accomplished in the last twelve months. Consider the improvements in Opportunities. Consider the territory we are dealing with and its future. Consider some of the following testimonials as to the character and drawing power of Opportunities. Consider Opportunities as the best opportunity for advertising. Vancouver, B. C, November 15 th, 1910. Advertising Manager "Opportunities," City. Dear Sir: Will you please send one of your young men around to see me to-day or to-morrow, as I have something new which I would like to have mentioned in my advertisement next month. I have been so pleased with the results of my advertising in "Opportunities" that I have wanted for some time to express my appreciation of your magazine, and take this occasion to do so. I have been advertising rather extensively in the different newspapers and magazines of British Columbia, and have found that my announcements in "Opportunities" have brought me more results than any of the others. I must say I think the magazine is excellent, and hope that you will have continued success with it. Very truly yours, (Signed) Mde. E. A. HUMPHREYS. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN BV Vancouver, B. C, November 14th, 1910. Editor "Opportunities Magazine" Vancouver, B. C. Dear Sir: I have before me a copy of the November issue of "Opportunities." It is my opinion that a magazine of tljis kind and character is a great benefit to the Province of British Columbia. I am sure that it will be welcomed by anyone who is fortunate enough to get hold of a copy in foreign lands, as the information obtainable from the columns of "Opportunities" will surely be the means of putting British Columbia opportunities before the public as they should be; facts that are not exaggerated. The truth of the possibilities of this favored Province are plenty good enough. The success of a live, wide-awake magazine such as Opportunities" is assured. To read it once means to become a permanent subscriber. Wishing you the best of success, I am, Yours truly, (Signed) GEORGE GORE, General Agent The Salmon Arm Fruit and Land Co. Vancouver, B. C, October 22nd, 1910. To the Editor "Opportunities," City. Dear Sir: We have great pleasure in stating that the results from oUr advertising with you have been most satisfactory. We can trace more actual sales directly to the medium of your paper than any other advertising we do outside of daily papers. Yours truly, FOSTER & FISHER. J| (Signed) THOS. H. INGRAM. ONE WORD IN CONCLUSION §| Perhaps you have never seriously considered this magazine before as an advertising medium. Perhaps you have heard it knocked by the man who has tried it once and "not gotten results." In either case just remember one thing and that is this: The investor can not be reached with one single insertion. Men do not invest their money without careful thought and consideration. The deliberations preceding an investment may reach over a period of years. Would you yourself expend any considerable sum of money as the result of reading a one time "ad"? The man who is going to derive the most benefit from a magazine like Opportunities is the man who advertises consistently and keeps his copy up to the minute. That is why we make such liberal discounts to long time contracts. Did you ever think of that before? Suppose you read this coupon which follows, very carefully, and if it meets your approval fill out and send it without incurring any cost whatsoever. Publisher "Opportunities" Address I have read what you have to say about Opportunities and would like some suggestions as to how you can help me increase my business by advertising. It is understood that this does not in any way commit me to the promise of taking space. Name Address ERT ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Pott Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Manager HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief PAUL W. TROUSDALE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION - - $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 2 DECEMBER, 1910 No. 6 EDITORIAL The other day we had a little interview with the Christmas Spirit. She was beautiful—in a tender way. Her eyes glowed softly. There was sunshine in them, and also the mellow lights of sympathy and understanding. Her smile was sweet, with just a touch of gayety, and her voice was clear and low, like gently flowing waters. "Thi rked. is is your season, we rema 'Yes," she smiled, "but I hope it is my season no more than any other. I am of all seasons, of all days. It would grieve me much to think that I was remembered only now. I do not think so. It is merely that when the greatest of holidays approaches, the world gives me a special name. I am present always in the hearts of people who know how to live. I have been sent as a messenger from the bright realm which shines out a little through the stars, and my message tells of how to draw the most and best from life." "What is your message?" We leaned forward eagerly. The Christmas Spirit indulged in quiet laughter—laughter that somehow brought a subtle suggestion of soft music in the distance on a summer night. "Oh, you have heard my message many times. It is what you would call a commonplace. It is so very simple that you may feel a little scorn for it. It is only this—Have kindly thoughts and do kindly deeds—do them for their own sake. If you think of the reward, it will be less." "But are there not situations that call not so much for kindliness as for strength?" we asked. "For firmness, yes; but beneath this there must be deep kindness, for otherwise little demons of hatred and discontent leap forth to become your own enemies, and to do evil in the world. "In this Province of British Columbia we hear much of the taming of the wilderness, of the building of cities, of material achievement and advancement. This is well, but it would be futile if it were not a help to happy living—living which is to be found only in kindliness, helpfulness, and harmony. "So it is that I am concerned less with the great projects than with the spirit behind them, and find my deepest gratification in some phases of activity here which, to what you call the practical eye, may not seem to be of the most importance. "For instance, there was the raising of a great sum to provide for the young men of Vancouver, in the Y. M. C. A., a home which will take the place of the homes they have left behind. That was fine work—more vital and far- reaching in its effect than even the development of a new industry. "'Then there is the old men's home at Kamloops, the sanatarium for consumptives, the hospitals, the Christmas dinners for the poor, the work of the Women's Councils and other societies whose members are putting forth earnest endeavors to give each man and woman in British Columbia better opportunities to attain the best in life. 'This unselfish work, inspired by kindliness, brings happiness to those who perform it and to those who receive its benefits. It is greater than its manifestations, because it nurtures the true spirit of living and brings a closer alliance with the big harmony of creation. 'You may say that less of it is seen here than in many other sections of the world. This is because there is less to call it forth. The bitter struggle for existence has not yet reached this Province. It need never reach it. The country is new to civilization—you are still at the beginning, and are thus in a position to profit by the mistakes of old communities, which have pushed forward in material progress without due regard for the most vital factor in a wholly successful and permanent upbuilding, namely, the need to give each individual his opportunity to achieve the goal of happiness. In these old sections there is much to undo. "In British Columbia there is little to undo. Here the oppressor may be curbed before he becomes too strong. Here may be inaugurated at the outset public measures which will help, not the few, but all. Here, more than in any old community, is the opportunity to develop a true and complete civilization, and for this reason I feel that this is one of my own most fertile fields of work, not at the Christmas season only, but through all the year." OPPORTUNITIES Vol. II. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C, DECEMBER, 1910. No. 6 The Prospector Who Became Vancouver's Mayor A Story of Opportunity and Success in British Columbia By J. Herbert Welch It may be interesting, and encouraging, to the man in British Columbia without money, to know that fifteen years ago the Mayor of Vancouver, and proprietor of a highly successful newspaper, was in British Columbia without money. In the course of a talk on British Columbia opportunities, Mayor Taylor made known this fact. He mentioned it to emphasize the point that in this Province a man does not need capital, nor prestige, nor family connections, for an auspicious start on the highway to achievement. "What he needs," said the Mayor, "may be summed up in three words—ambition, energy, and intelligence. British Columbia will do the rest. She is Opportunity, knocking every day on the door of every man who is alert enough to hear her call, and energetic enough to answer it." "This is because there is immense and steady progress here. The new comer, who has not observed the advances already made, may not realize it, but there are big undercurrents of development; new plans of much importance are continually in process of formation. One by one these come to the surface in execution, and call for men—men who can make good—men who have steam in their mental boilers. "The supply of such men is far short of the demand, and yet the need seems to create the man. He may have been only an average man when he arrived in | British Columbia—the kind whom nobody would notice particularly in the crowd; but if he is adaptable, and if he [ has within himself any sparks that can be fanned into flame, he becomes good 1 working material for the spirit of the Northwest. In one respect this spirit . is like a current of free air that gives a flue good drawing power. It lights up ; the latent fires, and we have the man of steam, the man who can make good, where, back amid the banked-up condi tions of the place from which he came, this same man may have been cold to life, or may have flickered foolishly, and was a failure. "This enlivening spirit, of course, does not always take effect immediately, and it often happens that the man who comes to Vancouver, for instance, begins to think, after he has been here a month *»" te*J adjust themselves to our conditions and are inclined to look down upon our new civilization. If he is this sort of a person he is a misfit here. Opportunity doesn't care much for him, and turns from him coldly to bestow her smiles upon the man who is eager to adjust himself to her special requirements in British Columbia. All the latter needs m> THERE IS IMMENSE AND STEADY PROGRESS HERE," SAID MAYOR TAYLOR or two, that Opportunity is somewhat slow in getting around to his door. He expects too much; he is too impatient; he has not yet got into sufficiently close touch with British Columbia life to become a part of its onward movement. By degrees he will get into it, that is, he will if he is not one of those rigid and self-complacent persons who decline to is a little patience. His first year in the Province is his critical period. If he has enough staying power to stick this period out, even if things do not come his way as rapidly as he had hoped, he is lost forever—to the rest of the world. Old memories may call him back to the old surroundings, but it is rarely long before his steps are again turned in this Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 direction. This is because he prefers Opportunity young and buxom to Opportunity old and wizened." Amid the pressure of his work at the City Hall, Mayor Taylor, a quiet man, was talking quietly, smiling often, but never ceasing to convey a strong impression of the seriousness of his character. In speaking of the growing population of Vancouver he mentioned the fact that a certain company has plans involving, during the years immediately ahead, the expenditure of five mililons of dollars. "They are staking their prosperity," he said, "upon a population here of three hundred thousand within the next decade. They are business men of caution, and they won't lose." The Mayor also commented upon the fact that the number of telephones installed this year in Vancouver and vi- ago, and there were plenty then. It would take me a good while to mention all the men who came here at about the same time I did, and in the same condition, with nothing, and who have since risen to affluence and prominence. They had, of course, rising powers within themselves, but it was in considerable degree a case of swimming with the tide. You see, the tide was rising." It was at this point that Mr. Taylor was induced to tell something of his own start in British Columbia. He had been assistant librarian at the Michigan University at Ann Arbor, his birthplace. After several years of this, the library walls began to seem cramped to him. He had plenty of opportunity to read, and read much of the far West, of the open country where a man could stretch himself, and grow, and work out his own "I AM IN THOROUGH SYMPATHY WITH THE MAN WHO EARNS HIS LIVING WITH HIS HANDS". cinity has been greater by thirty-three per cent, than the number placed in all previous years, and twice as many as have been put up during this period in Los Angeles, which city leads all others on the continent, outside of Vancouver, in ratio of growth. The Mayor pointed out numerous other progressive movements and high auguries for the future of Vancouver and British Columbia. "A great many men have already made money here," he said, "but it must not be assumed from this that the opportunities for commercial or any other kind of success are fewer than they were. They are greater. We are just beginning. The constantly widening activities in the Province are opening up more and more paths to prosperity. There are many more than when I came here fifteen years salvation in his own way. All this made a strong appeal, and finally he pulled up 'stakes, without financial resources, trusting, as many another young man has done, to the West, and to himself. Mining, he figured, was a likely road to wealth, and British Columbia, he believed, was waiting for his arrival to bless him with virgin gold. So he crossed the border and became a prospector. He penetrated the wildness of the north, prospected along the Skeena River and in other regions where primeval forests stand and mountains raise great barriers, and man is seldom seen. "Did you find a mine?" I asked. "No," he answered, with a smile, "it was all I could do to find enough to eat." After a while he gave up mountain climbing, and came to Vancouver. "What did you do here?" I enquired. "Not much of anything," he replied. "I looked for a job, but I didn't find one in which I thought I could make progress, so I sought other pastures." This is worth special note. Here is a man, the Mayor of Vancouver, and the owner of a great daily newspaper, who, less than fifteen years ago, was "up against it" in the city in which he has since achieved his conspicuous success. It shows, of course, that he has had no special advantages, that he has not stepped to one of the higher rungs of the ladder from some superstructure reared by others, but has climbed cleanly from the ground. Here is encouragement for the man who is starting from the ground in British Columbia now. The path of Mr. Taylor led him to Revelstoke, and here, at the Canadian Pacific railway station, he obtained a job handling freight and luggage. He was a "baggage .smasher." But Vancouver called again, and he returned to this city, becoming a clerk in the freight office of the C. P. R. In the course of time he made a connection with the Daily Province and learned the newspaper business—learned it well. In 1905 he took control of the Vancouver World, a newspaper whose chief asset was its good name. It had a feeble circulation and a worn out equipment. "The press," said Mr. Taylor,, "was of the vintage of about 1850. To keep it from falling to pieces we had to tie it together with ropes and wires, and were never sure that it wouldn't collapse before we got an edition off." In six months the World was carrying more advertising than any other paper in Vancouver, and it has since achieved the distinction of having more columns devoted to advertising than any other paper in the world. Next spring it will have an imposing structure of its own—a monument of rapid achievement in building up a newspaper. A year ago Mr. Taylor was elected Mayor of Vancouver. "My aim in administering this office," he said, "is to represent all the people. I treat the corporation as an individual. I fully appreciate its usefulness, but do all in my power to curb it if it shows grabbing tendencies. We want capital in British Columbia, but we don't want any money menace. We want opportunities for all —the poor man as well as the man in affluent circumstances. I am in thorough sympathy with the man who earns his living with his hands. He is the backbone of the country—the fundamental force and first source of wealth. "During my days in the library back in Ann Arbor, I began to read books on political economy, and became interested in the writings of Henry George. I saw much merit in the single tax, with 1910 OPPORTUNITIES kj age 13 modifications, in accordance with the specific municipal conditions to which it applied. It has been a great satisfaction to me that 1 have been in a position to test it in practice, and that it has proved so eminently successful. Very few persons in this section now dispute the advantages of the single tax, which, as is well known, is a tax upon the land, and not upon the improvements on the land. On this account it discourages the selfish holding of city lots for higher prices without erecting houses on them. It stimulates building and is a spur to the progress of a city. It means more work, more homes, and lower rentals.. All of this has been amply proved in Vancouver. The single tax is distinctively a measure for the people. Its success here has attracted wide attention. It will, doubtless, be adopted by numerous other cities, both in Canada and in the United States, but Vancouver has shown the way. During his first term as Mayor, Mr. Taylor has made a winning fight for an eight hour day for men engaged on city work, and for numerous other measures for the common good. Taking him "by and large," he is an example of what British Columbia will do, without too much delay, for the man who makes the most of his opportunities here—opportunities which include, for the man of initiative, the making of opportunities for others. Immense Wealth in Minerals Individuals and the Province are being Enriched by British Columbia Mines By Richard McBride Premier and Minister of Mines (NATURAL RESOURCES SERIES, No. 2.) Nature has been lavish with her mineral gifts to British Columbia. The Province is particularly rich in coal, gold, silver, copper, lead, and other minerals which contribute greatly to wealth in natural resources. The production has already been heavy, but when one considers the great extent of the Province and the difficulties of transportation to the more remote parts, it will be seen that only small portions of the mineralized sections of British Columbia have been prospected, and that the yearly production in future years will beyond a doubt be much larger than it has been during any year in the past. At the close of 1909 British Columbia had produced in coal and other minerals of value no less a total than $347,820,584, while for the year 1909 the output was $24,443,025. There is vast potential wealth in coal, which is very widely distributed. There are coal fields of great promise which have not yet been developed. East Kootenay produced in 1909, 923,865 tons; Nicola, 62,210, and Vancouver Island, 1,414,525 tons. In addition to the output in these sections there are producing deposits in the Similka- meen, Thompson River, Queen Charlotte Islands, Peace River and Talkwa. In the Upper Skeena and Naas sections there are large fields which have not yet been developed. Of minerals other than coal the Province has thus far seen a production of $164,359,421. The output last year was valued at nearly $16,000,000. It is not possible in brief space, to mention in detail the various mining districts of the Province, but I can call attention to the very encouraging fact that in the Slocan District, as the shallower deposits are exhausted, ore is being found in the deeper workings. This, as is well known to every mining man, is the chief factor R| S\ < r*% Vtem «5r? -jJK*#yj %l THE BEGINNING OF A MINE :^--v,: in the matter of permanency in a mining district. "Does the ore go down?" is a question which every miner asks in obtaining information upon which to base a judgment as to the merits of any mining country. At Sheep Creek in West Kootenay, new discoveries have made that camp an important producer. It is well to note that these new ore bodies have been found in a camp which is old, and which might by this time, have been worked out were it not for the important fact that this ore is found in the deeper workings. The Boundary country produced nearly one and a half millions of tons of ore Page 14 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 in 190$, and new properties are constantly being opened up. The developments at Portland Canal and the Upper Skeena River in the Hazelton district show that new discoveries follow the opening up of transportation routes, and that as connection facilities increase many deposits of mineral now valueless because of the impossibility of reaching them and transporting the ore to advantage, will add their share to the general wealth. In gold last year, the Province produced a value of $4,924,090; in silver, $1,- 239,270; lead, 44,396,346 lbs., valued at $1,709,259; copper, 45,597,245 lbs., valued at $5,918,522. In 1909, as in the two years immediately preceding, the Yale (Boundary) district had the honor of first place on the list. The Coast district comes second, and is followed by the West Kootenay district, which was for many years our greatest producer. The East Kootenay takes fourth place. The Coast and East Kootenay districts owe a considerable percentage of their outputs to the coal mines within their districts, whereas, in the other districts, the production is almost entirely from metal mines. What the production in the sections which have recently been opened up by new transportation lines will become, remains, of course, to be seen, but it can be said that these have high promise. For twenty years coal mining has been a constantly increasing industry, while lode mining did not begin practically until 1894. Since then, it has risen with remarkable rapidity. Placer gold was the magnet which drew attention to the mining possibilities in British Columbia in 1858, when the discoveries' were made on the Fraser River. Then came the history of the Caribou country. These placer operations brought, about eighteen years ago, the beginning of quartz mining, in which probably lies the greatest part of the production of the future. From Atlin on the north to the boundary line on the soutk1.. and from the Island and coast on the Pacific to the Rocky Mountains, the mining industry has spread; smelters and mills have been built, and one can safely predict immense wealth in the future from the stores of mineral in British Columbia ground. A Year's Output in Minerals An informal and unofficial statement from' the office of the Minister of Mines at Victoria, is to the effect that while it is as yet impossible to say what the mineral production of British Columbia for 1910 will be, the output of the mines will probably at least equal that of 1909, and may be considerably greater. There have been some local and temporary conditions which have had a retarding effect on the industry, but, on the other hand, there has been a constantly progressive <*£ A MILL, NELSON MINING DIVISION movement in discoveries, development work and mine equipment, with the result that mining gives greater assurances than ever before of contributing in a larger and larger degree to the wealth of British Columbia. In the statement for Opportunities by Premier McBride, some statistics are given of the most salient features of the industry up to the beginning of this year. It will be interesting to mention some additional facts: The number of mines from which shipments were made in 1909 was 89, and of these 52 shipped more than 100 tons each during the year, while 32 shipped in excess of 1,000 tons each. Of these latter, 8 were in the Nelson Mining Division, 5 in the Boundary District, 5 in the Ains- worth Division, 4 in the Slocan District, 3 in the Coast District, 3 in the Trail Creek (Rossland) Division, 2 in the Fort Steele Division, 1 in the Trout Lake Division, and 1 in the Queen Charlotte Division. The metal gold, obtained from both placer and lode mining, amounts to a value of $125,950,790, the greatest amount derived from any one mineral, the next important being coal, the total gross value of which, combined "with that of coke, is $102,904,261, followed by copper at $55,871,893, silver at $29,850,586, and lead at $23,259,255. The value of gold produced from lode mining in the Province during the year 1909 was $4,924,- 090. The greatest increase in output has been in the Nelson District. There was also an increased gold production in the Coast District. The Boundary District made an increase of $35,000 in its gold output. About 86.5 % of the lode-gold output of the Province was recovered from the smelting of copper-bearing ores; 1910 OPPORTUNITI the remaining 13.5 % was obtained from stamp milling, etc. The production of placer gold in 1909 was about $477,000. There is no question that, in the known placer camps of the Province, most of the more easily available deposits have been worked out, leaving only those the operation of which called for greater capital and plant, with greater attendant risks and less security of immediate profits. The total amount of silver produced in the Province during 1909 was 2,532,742 ounces, valued at $1,239,270. About 98 % of the total silver was produced from ores in which it was found associated with lead, the remainder being obtained from copper-silver ores. The production of copper in 1909 was 45,597,245 pounds, valued at $5,918,522, The bulk of the copper was mined in the Yale (Boundary) District. The lead output was 44,396,346 lbs., valued at $1,709,259, an increase over the previous year of 1,200,613 lbs., with an increased value of $76,460. The greater part was derived from the Fort Steele Mining Division, with the Ainsworth, Slocan, and Nelson Divisions following in the order named. There was a comparatively small quantity of zinc ore produced, although the industry was not neglected. The total amount of zinc ore and concentrates produced and sold during the year was about 10,000 tons, ranging from 38 to 48 % zinc. Excellent building stone of various sorts is found in abundance in almost every part of the Province, but the fact of its widespread distribution has been somewhat against the establishment of HAMILL CREEK, AINSWORTH MINING DIVISION large quarrying industries, as a sufficient local supply could always be obtained, and, except within reach of the larger cities, few regularly equipped quarries have been opened. The demand for brick is rapidly increasing with the growth of cities, but the manufacture does not seem to have kept pace with the demand, as large importations of brick have been made from f^mm H.C. Pare**'?! "MiifiSi -aJl"Ni 'A GLORY HOLE," GRAN BY MINES, PHCENIX: Page 16 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Puget Sound points. There are unlimited clay deposits available, but the brickyards of the Province are for the most part worked on rather primitive lines. The manufacture of lime is conducted in a small way at a large number of points in the Province, but only on the coast has any attempt been made at more extensive operations. The only company manufacturing cement in the Province is the Vancouver Portland Cement Company, with works at Tod Inlet, on the Saanich Arm, about twelve miles from Victoria. The capacity of these works" at present is about 300,000 barrels a year, and in 1909 the company manufactured about .238,000 barrels of cement, valued in the neighborhood of $360,000. In the Flathead Valley of East Kootenay, seepages of oil occur and a great number of locations of oil claims have been taken up. In the vicinity of Sooke, Vancouver Island, some oiL locations have been made, but have yet to be proved of value. A deposit of oil shales has been found on the North Thompson River, which carries a fair percentage of oil, and it is probable that in the near future, serious attempts will be made to prove the value of the deposits from a commercial point of view. Concrete construction has become so extensive on the coast that companies have been formed to supply suitable material for such work. Triumph of the Western Spirit As Manifested by the Recent Record-Breaking Campaign in Vancouver to Raise Funds for the Young Men's Christian Association By William Ford As we all know, a great deal has been said about the notable progress of British Columbia and. Vancouver. This has been attributed chiefly to the great wealth of the Province in natural resources. The spirit of the people has been mentioned in this connection, but has not been particularly emphasized. That the remarkable development has been due in very large measure to the virility and enthusiasm of the people has been, within a few weeks, indicated in a a population of 560,000, while Vancouver has a population of about 115,000. Detroit raised $423,000 in twenty-three days. Detroit has a population of 465,000. Toronto raised $800,000 in twelve days, but three gifts were very large—one of them being for $100,000 and two for $50,000 each. Toronto's population is more than double that of Vancouver. Ottawa, with a population of 85,000, did well by raising $208,000 in twelve days. Montreal, with a population of 454,000, The closest approach to this achievement in the history of these campaigns, was in Cleveland, where the young men's committee raised $83,000 in fifteen days. In this connection it must be remembered that Cleveland is five times as large as Vancouver. It would be impossible to convey an adequate idea of the great upwelling of enthusiasm and the practical, hard work to which this movement gave rise in Vancouver. Many men who have not striking manner. Vancouver has raised about five hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars for a new Young Men's Christian Association building in record time. In five days she has raised this great sum, and in this work has far outstripped cities much larger than herself. To grasp the full significance of Vancouver's achievement, it is necessary to glance at what some other cities have recently done in Y. M. C. A. money raising campaigns: Cleveland, Ohio, raised $540,000 in fifteen days. Cleveland has A Y. M.C. A. CLASS AT EXERCISE raised $320,000 in twelve days. It will be seen from this record of campaigns in other cities, that Vancouver has greatly exceeded them all. There is one phase of the work in which her success has been particularly impressive and significant. The managers of the Vancouver campaign, some of whom have been in this work for many years, were astonished at the results -achieved by the special committee of young men. This committee alone, in the five days given to the work, raised $282,420..50. been in the habit of giving money or attention to any public project, and who at first listened coldly to the words of the Y. M. C. A. workers, were in the end fairly swept from their feet by the fervor of the movement, and contributed handsomely to the fund. The campaign was the most impressive illustration yet seen of the remarkable latent power of the spirit of Vancouver, which needs only to be aroused by some laudable cause to achieve results which have not been duplicated in the older cities. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 This campaign began about two months ago in a very quiet way. A quiet man, C. R. Sayer, came to the city in response to an invitation from the Board of Directors of the local Y. M. C. A. ' Few persons knew that he had arrived. Without any preliminary heralding of the big project which he had in mind, he went to work. In co-operation with the authorities of the local Y. M. C. A. he made a list of what he calls the "key men" in the community, that is, men who were likely to support with their work a movement of this kind. This list in the beginning consisted of several hundred names. It was culled and picked over until finally it had been reduced to about half a dozen particularly representative and public-spirited citizens. These were made the active heads of the movement. One was made chairman of the business committee; another was made chairman of the young men's committee; others were made captains of the teams. They assumed responsibility for the success of the campaign, and they were the kind of men who would leave nothing undone to attain the goal upon which they had set their hearts. Mr. Sayer supplied them with an admirable business plan of organization which was the result of twenty years' experience on his part in this work. These men selected others upon whom they could depend. Teams were organized. Each of these was made up of ten of the best men which the team captains could obtain, and it may be said that these had no difficulty in enlisting the services of those upon whom they called. Each felt that the request was an honor, and each, a picked man, went to work with the system and care which characterizes the undertakings of men of their calibre when they set their minds and hearts upon a project. In the course of the preparations Mr. Sayer met the captains and team members almost daily at luncheons and other gatherings, and thoroughly discussed with them all details of the work they had undertaken. During this preliminary stage of the campaign very little was said publicly about what was afoot, but suddenly a general meeting was called, an inspirational address was delivered, and the real campaign was on. The workers were lifted by the momentum of the campaign out of the routine of every-day life. They felt a stronger and more glowing appreciation than many of them had felt for years of the fact that there are b\gger and more vital things in the world than business. They left their commercial affairs in charge of their clerks and stenographers, and spent the days on the streets and in other offices, inspiring other men with their own feeling that here was a project which deserved the support of every progressive citizen, and also that this was a time when the prestige of Vancouver was at stake. They had but little difficulty in this. As has already been shown, the citizens of Vancouver were quick to respond. The Vancouver spirit had been appealed to and it answered in a manner which shows that it has few, if any, counterparts anywhere outside this Province of British Columbia. During the five strenuous days of the campaign, there were numerous episodes which revealed the existence of thjs spirit in unexpected places. For instance, on the first day of the campaign a particularly hard-headed business man, who has been very successful because of his close attention to business and nothing else, declined, absolutely to make any contribution to the movement. On the second day he still declined, but with less vigor. the team worker that it was not so much the money as the spirit behind it which was important, and that this contribution, if not one of the most valuable, would be one of the most valued on the whole list. There were numerous incidents of this nature, all of them showing that the big Vancouver spirit is by no means confined to people who are successful and important, but is a force which permeates the citizenship of the city, and is thus a particularly good augury for the continued development of the community. How this feeling has its foundation and greatest potentiality, not in the minds of the rich, but in the hearts of the poor, is indicated by a little episode which occurred in the campaign which Mr. Sayer conducted last spring in New Westminster. He had devoted considerable attention to obtaining a contribution of C. R. SAYER, THE MAN BEHIND THE RECENT Y. M. C. A. CAMPAIGN IN VANCOUVER On the third day he decided to think it over. On the fourth day he made a large contribution. On the fifth day he thanked Mr. Sayer earnestly for being persistent enough to lift him out of his rut, up to a mental altitude, where he could feel public influences higher than those of business. One of the team captains was approached by a nine-year-old boy who said that he had saved five dollars and that since he wanted to join the Y. M. C. A. when he was old enough, he would like to contribute his share to the new building. Another team worker was approached by a poor widow in a street car. She told him that she had a son who had died, and in honor of his memory she wanted to contribute her mite to the cause. In an apologetic manner she drew from her pocketbook seventy-five cents, explaining that it was all she could possibly afford. She was informed by two thousand five hundred dollars from a business man who could well afford this expenditure for the cause, but who had declined emphatically to contribute more than one thousand dollars. Mr. Sayer gave up hope of obtaining any more from him, but on one of the last days of the campaign he received a message to drop into the office of this New Westminster citizen. It seemed that the latter had an apprentice boy who received a very small stipend. In glancing over the list of contributors in New Westminster, this business man happened to note that his apprentice had subscribed twenty-five dollars to be paid over a period of years. "If that boy can afford to give you twenty-five dollars," said the business man to Mr. Sayer, "I certainly can afford to give you two thousand five hundred dollars, and I'll sign a pledge for it now." Another business man in a recent campaign contributed two thousand dollars Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 in memory of a son who had died. "I can hardly afford it," remarked this man to Mr. Sayer, "but I had intended to spend two thousand dollars in sending the boy to college. Now that he is gone, I want to give the Y. M. C. A. the money." Still another citizen who has attained a prominent financial and political posi tion, made a large contribution to the Y. M. C. A. for the reason, as he explained to Mr. Sayer, that in his early days his joining of the association had been a turning point with him and had led him away from a path which was downward. "In these campaigns," said Mr. Sayer to the writer, "our success is the result of five essential factors. We have, in the first place, a work which makes a strong and wide appeal. We take hold of this work witlj* co-operation, concentration, and a careful system. By adding persistent effort to these units of success, we achieve our results. To broaden my statement a little, I may say that these are the chief factors of success in any work or any career. The Great Value of Alfalfa And how it may be Successfully Grown in British Columbia By George Schumacher, Ph. D. A farmer is often inclined to scoff at scientific achievements in agriculture. We hear very often expressions: "That looks very fine on paper, but it is no good to me," or, "It does not bring me any money profits." Such farmers are shortsighted. Science can be made highly profitable if the individual farmer will apply to his own land the conclusions drawn from scientific research. A farmer has to reckon with some conditions which he cannot change. can and has to work very often against these conditions in order to get the best results and make the best profits. Of course, a rancher who has thousands of cattle running about on thousands of acres of prairie land, who can afford to lose hundreds of cattle through frost and want of feed every year, needs no scientist to help him, nor does the farmer who farms large areas of wheat land without much cultivation, without any forethought, without manuring, who land; and to drain it, if it is too wet. He must learn to combat diseases by spraying, etc. Science in agriculture shows us what particular plants require or do not require, and the practical farmer must provide the requirements of the plant on his farm. He must add what is needed, or take away what hinders the growth. But the scientist does not know the soil of every farmer, nor the moisture and sunshine at his disposal, and each farmer must adopt methods suited to his con- EMPIRE DAY NEAR KEREMEOS. LAND LIKE THIS IS EXCELLENT FOR ALFALFA These are his location, soil, climatic and labor conditions. They may be favorable for a good crop or the reverse, and he This is the first of a series of articles on scientific farming, by Dr. Schumacher, who has had the benefit of study and wide experience in Germany, where, as is well known, farming has been developed along scientific lines more thoroughly, probably, than in any other section of the world. The Doctor is a graduate of a German technical school, and of Erlangein University, and has made a specialty of chemistry in its application to soils and farming. Since coming to British Columbia he has made a close study of agricultural conditions here and therefore has a special equipment for writing of the science of farming in its bearing upon agriculture in this Province. His articles will be of great value if followed closely. seeds and harvests only, and who is satisfied when each acre produces a few bushels of wheat a year. But such farming is not always possible, and is not desirable. Its detrimental results are only too apparent in the poor quality of the beef and the poor average returns of wheat in Canada and the United States. As soon as land becomes expensive, the farmer must work more intensively; he must increase his crop, or he is unable to make a living; he must learn to produce a crop even if the natural conditions are adverse. He must learn to keep the moisture in the ground by manuring and cultivating, or if this is not sufficient, to irrigate the ditions. And if he does not get the expected results, he must not blame the scientist, but himself, because he was unable to draw the right conclusions. Alfalfa may be taken here as an example of how scientific achievements should be adapted to particular conditions. It is the opinion of most British Columbia farmers that this splendid feed cannot be grown in the Fraser Valley. These farmers are wrong. To understand the growing of alfalfa, we must first know what alfalfa is, and what is aimed •at in growing alfalfa. Alfalfa, the lucerne of England, France and Germany, has been grown for thousands of years in Persia, and was brought 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 TYPICAL BRITISH COLUMBIA FARM HOUSE AND ORCHARD ^to Europe a few hundred years ago. It ^belongs to the clover family, is some- ttimes called eternal clover, and is no idoubt the most marvellous food and for- jage plant we possess. Its value as fod* *der is based on the large quantity of iprotein it contains. "Protein" is a flesh- fouilder, and as the percentage of protein kin alfalfa is at least as high as in oats, wheat, corn, etc., its value as a fodder is [evident. All animals on the farm, from jfchickens up, will eat alfalfa. The pigs jrthrive on it, sows will go through winter on it. It is good for the mares; weanling colts, which are fed on alfalfa and shelled oats come out fat in the spring |and shed off in March. It supplies more Igreen food for hogs than anything else, [it is a great preventive of hog dis- Sease. It is splendid for cows and increases the milk production. One ton of alfalfa is worth more than ttwo tons of timothy. In other words, if hay sells at $25 per ton, alfalfa is [worth $50 per ton, and the practical farmer has found that the results justify [this valuation. Nevertheless we frequently find that a dairyman prefers to [buy hay at $25 per ton, even if he can get alfalfa at the same price. Alfalfa can be sown from May to Aug- [ust. It will give green fodder in the [spring; it gives two to three cuts in summer and in southern climates when irrigated, up to six cuts. Alfalfa holds out twenty-five years. It is in its best from the fifth to tenth year. The average yield of an alfalfa field will be twice the average of timothy, and we can get, therefore, four times the feed value off one acre of alfalfa as we can get off one acre of timothy. All this has been ascertained by practical farmers. Science has proved that its chemical constitution accounts for this high value of alfalfa. But science has proved something more in connection with alfalfa, something which will be worth millions of dollars to the farmers, when they learn to make proper use of it. As mentioned above, the feed value of alfalfa is based on its contents of protein, and protein contains nitrogen. Alfalfa needs, therefore, nitrogen in large quantities. So does grain. If nitrogen is lacking in the grain fields, the crop diminishes. To produce larger crops we must bring to the ground manure and fertilizers which contain nitrogen in a form that can be assimilated by the plants. Saltpetre and sulphate of ammonia contain nitrogen convertible into plantfood. But alfalfa contains no more nitrogen than grain, and does not need fertilizers. It goes on growing better from year to year. The reason for this is told us by the scientist. On the roots of alfalfa there are thriving and multiplying bacteria able to convert the nitro gen of the air into a form which can be used and assimilated by the plant. What sulphate of ammonia, nitreates, guano, stable manure, and a good deal of labor have to do for other crops, do myriads of bacteria for alfalfa without labor or expense. Science shows us how we can make use of the work of these bacteria for other crops which require nitrogen. After we have taken the crop, we can plow the alfalfa field. The deep roots provide humus and nitrogen feed for the crops which are now planted. The money value of such nitrogen at disposal for subsequent crops is placed as from $20 to $50 per acre. Science has proved this, and the farmer has to make intelligent use of it. Potatoes are harder on the soil than any other crop. They impoverish the ground, and the advice of a well known agriculturist is quite justified for certain districts, namely, a farmer should not grow more potatoes than he wants for his own use. But we find that in Colorado a rotation of alfalfa, sugar beets, and potatoes gives excellent results. In this case the alfalfa replenishes the ground with nitrogen, allows a splendid crop of sugar beets, and the cultivation of sugar beets leaves the field in such excellent condition that a crop of seven hundred bushels per acre is the average. We take it as a matter of course that ONE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA'S RIVERS Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 farmers in Colorado, using this rotation, add the other fertilizers to their soils if needed, such as potash and phosphates, and especially lime. But if we now attempt to grow alfalfa, we find often that it will not grow at all, or will give very unsatisfactory results. And science has taught us the cause of this as well. The absence of the nitrogen converting bacteria prevents the growth of alfalfa. If we bring these bacteria into the soil, alfalfa will give good returns provided of course, that all other conditions required for the proper multiplication of these bacteria and for the proper growth of the plant itself, are attended to. In such case the inocculation of alfalfa fields with bacteria is necessary. The experimental farm in Lacombe, Alta., reports the following results with inocculated and non- inocculated ground: Inoccu- Non-Inoc- lated. culated. First cut ". .10,820 lbs. 4,880 lbs. Second cut 8,080 lbs. 2,080 lbs. Total 18,400 lbs. 6,960 lbs. These plots were inocculated with one hundred and twenty-five pounds of soil per acre, taken from an established alfalfa field. The inocculation with pure bacteria culture is also possible, but its application is not so simple. Science has proved us the value of alfalfa as a food and as a nitrogen restorer to the soil; it has shown us how to proceed to get a crop. The rest must be left to the farmer, who has to apply the benefits of alfalfa according to the conditions prevalent on his farm. If he orders now some seeds and soil of an established alfalfa field, puts the seed down in the usual way, he will sometimes get a crop and sometimes he will not. The farmers in the Fraser Valley do not get any alfalfa crop, and they either blame the soil or the scientist for their failures. But let us see if these farmers have really understood alfalfa and have provided the needs of this plant in their soil? We are told that the bacteria in the soil converts the nitrogen of the air into plantfood. Besides nitrogen these FARM LANDS IN THE BULKLEY VALLEY bacteria require another part of the air, namely, oxygen, and if they cannot get at the air, they cannot convert the two substances into the required form. Alfalfa can thrive only when plenty of air can enter the soil. A soil which is not drained and is water-logged, will not allow the bacteria to work. In order to air the soil, all low lands must be drained, and there must be such cultivation as will allow the entrance of air into the soil, but at the same time will retain sufficient moisture. Alfalfa requires quite a lot of water, but can draw this out of very deep ground, owing to the plant's deep roots. Plowing, discing, and harrowing will prepare the ground mechanically. But if the chemical composition of the ground is unsuitable for the growth of the bacteria, all seeds, all inocculation, all plowing, discing and harrowing will not help much. On newly cleared land as well as in low, wet land, the soil is generally full of humus and full of acids. The bacteria produce, in the first place, acids, which must be neutralized to be available for plant food. Sometimes it may happen that the ground contains sufficient lime or other bases to counteract the influence of the acids, and when the ground is tilled several times -and wintered, the seeds of alfalfa may grow up after a while. It happened that a farmer who put down alfalfa seeds, did not get a crop at all, plowed his field again, and was surprised to find in the third year a splendid crop of alfalfa. But this was a chance we should not take. Such results are only possible in soils containing a good amount of lime. In districts where the soil is lacking in lime, the only certain way to get good alfalfa crops is to lime the ground, not only in the beginning, but regularly every year. Therefore, the farmer need not blame the soil or the scientist. He should blame himself, because he has not had a general knowledge of agriculture and has not made himself fully acquainted with the nature and habit of the plant. To prepare limeless land, freshly cleared ground, low land, etc., the following procedure should be followed: Drain the land, when required; put a liberal dressing of ground lime rock or spent lime on the ground, say one ton to the acre, plow in the autumn, put more lime on in the spring, disc and harrow. Put the seed in with a drilling machine, cultivate a few times with a hoeing machine and get rid of weeds, and alfalfa will soon bring you money. If you wish to keep the same field in alfalfa for any number of years, put basic slag on in the spring and do not forget a liberal dressing of lime. Harrow, and if required, use the hoeing machine. Farm Opportunities for Capitalists and Settlers By George H. Reynolds If the people of Vancouver should be informed through the daily press that within forty miles of the city there was a gold mine capable of producing ten million dollars-or over yearly, and that it would take comparatively little development work to get that amount, and that instead of the mine "pinching out," it would increase in the value of its output each year for hundreds of years, and that, with proper care, it would never be worked out—if the people were informed of all this, would they "sit up and take notice?" Would we see a grand rush to stake claims? We rather imagine we would. And still, such a mine exists within the distance mentioned. But instead of it producing in ores, it will do it in crops; the mine is the fertile Fraser Valley, right at Vancouver's door, served by the very best and latest method of transportation, endowed with the finest climate in Canada, with as rich soil as the sun ever shone upon, and capable, when improved, of producing unlimited millions in farm and garden crops, and of adding untold millions to the permanent wealth of the Province in farm and home improvements, besides furnishing 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 21 PROSPERITY IN SMALL FARMING homes and building bank accounts for thousands of home loving people now ekeing out a- scant living in the crowded cities. When so improved, this valley will be one of the garden spots of the Dominion, and something for future poets to write about. This Province now imports eight to ten millions annually of farm and garden products, all of which could easily be grown in this valley, and not only keep that vast sum at home, but double the population of this locality. Vancouver is justly proud of its vigorous growth during the past few years, and of its prospect for future development; but her citizens should realize that to make a permanent and solid city, a good improved farming community back of it is practically a necessity, and experience has shown on this continent that such cities are not only more stable, but that the class of citizens are better by reason of such close proximity to a flourishing farming community. We should remember that the source of all wealth is the land, and while farming, perhaps, is not as alluring an occupation as mining, and when compared to the few big mining strikes, is not as rapid a road to wealth, we must all admit that if more slow, it is more sure. As an illustration, eggs, the output of the lowly hen in one of the farming states across the border, exceeded in value last year the output of the silver mines of a neighboring State which holds first place among the States for the production of that metal. What the Fraser Valley needs most right now is good industrious settlers to go on and improve the land and bring it under a proper state of cultivation. True, there is hard work connected with the improvement of virgin forest land, but here there are places with only a light growth, which can be improved first, and a start made. Nature has made amends for this heavy clearing by furnishing a fine climate, and a soil that will grow anything that can be produced in this climate. It is our opinion that all the land along or near the new Chilliwack tram line will be cut up into small tracts of from five to fifteen acres, and when this is done, and intensive farming practiced, this territory will not only support a large population, but will produce sufficient products of all kinds to supply the needs of the large mining and industrial T centers that will soon be built up in the Province. Here is a vast and remunerative field for capital. Clearing the land or parts of it on each five or ten acre block, building small cottages ready for the families who will be ready to buy when such start has been made, and selling on long time and small cash payments. Ready-made small farms should be the watchword to attract the settler, and by showing him that already in this district people on such farms have and do clear as high as $2,000 a year raising chickens, to say nothing of the possibilities along other lines, when land is farmed intensively, and the feed for said poultry is raised on the place instead of being bought outside at high prices. Residents of this valley have in the past week—November 15th, 1910, to be exact—picked quarts of ripe raspberries. And strawberries were quite common, growing in the garden up to November 1st. The man of small means can here find a chance for the ideal small farm home, put in direct and rapid communication with a city population of one hundred and fifty thousand by electric street car line—daily mail service, rural tele phones, good roads, near by A GREAT SOURC OF WEALTH schools and churches, and surrounded by an intelligent, hard working class of people, free from the worry of hired help such as the general farmer on broad acres has; instructed free of charge by numerous experimental farms and orchards, maintained by our Provincial Government; near two leading sea port cities of the Pacific, and within an hour's ride of a great university-to-be. Such is the prospect for the dweller in the Fraser Valley. Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Art in British Columbia There is a sort of "invidious bar" that stands in the way of him who would write of artists—whether of the brush or pen—of any period or country. He is likely to be told that "comparisons are odious." If he should start upon the plan of making his article as inclusive as possible, he either runs out of adjectives before the writing is complete, or he is in danger of making it look like a mere list of names, such as might remind one of a directory, or of the genealogical chapters of the Book of Chronicles. If, on the other hand, he should adopt a selective attitude, he will be complained of for exclusiveness, and a want of appreciation of native or resident genius. On a racecourse of any kind there are sure to be a few winners, but there are also numbers of whom it By Bernard McEvoy all people the most sensitive. It is a necessity of their being. Of British Columbia as a field for art it is not necessary to say very much. Looked at in the large way there are few places that are not good fields for art. For art consists in making its own translation of things that exist, into pictures that suggest. Set a true artist down amidst the smoke of Pittsburg and out of his surroundings he would make pictures of beauty. On the other hand set a mere copyist amid the mountain grandeurs of British Columbia, and he may only produce the most obvious pictures of magnificent boulders and Noah's Ark trees. As a matter of fact, British Columbia is so spectacular as to present difficulties to the artist. Its mountains are too immense, its climatic OCTOBER AFTERNOON, FROM A PAINTING BY THOMAS BAMFORD may be said that they "also ran." And the "also rans" have as much natural expectation of being mentioned, in any dissertation on the art of a province, as the winners. But this article does not pretend to be exhaustive or entirely comprehensive. It will have to pass over many who have done good work in the cause of art. It is not possible to speak of everybody, so that a selection must necessarily be made. If then, those who are annoyed because they are not mentioned, will make mention of it themselves to the editor, the mistake of omitting them may no doubt be rectified at a future time. Let it be understood that artists are of effects too elusive. In its scenery there is too much of everything. The tyro does not know where to begin, and the experienced artist does not know where to stop. It may be said, however, that artists have not been slow to find British Columbia out. There has been a regular procession out here of Eastern artists. Some of them have done better than others, while all have done something. On the principle that he who would fail at a target may, perhaps, hit a haystack if he tries, the limners who have come out to paint the mountains, the rivers, and falling waters of this Province have always been able to carry back canvases that have been very in teresting to dwellers in the more prosaic regions of Eastern Canada. The scenery of British Columbia has been much more painted than its inhabitants, and it is the present weakness of the art of the Province, that it has not taken advantage of the great variety of types that are observable in almost every part of it. A cosmopolitan crowd passes through its cities. The Chinaman, the Hindu, the Indian, the Mexican; travellers from the Orient, and from the United States; loggers, Scandinavians, longshoremen, sailors, hunters, trappers and miners, are all waiting to be painted, and are presenting an opportunity to our artist's of which they should not be slow to take advantage. We have one or two painters of nautical things, notably S. P. Judge, who, in this line, has made what has probably been hitherto, his greatest success. But the difficulties in the way of the artist have been too great to allow of the devotion of sufficient time to the study of genre to arrive at any very great success in that direction. The day will come when the noble field for figure painting, and the painting of typical scenes in which fig ures occur, which British Columbia presents, will be utilized. Here and there, scattered in isolated homes, there are already a few examples of genre. But at present they are few and far between, and make no showing as compared with landscape art. Exception to the general rule is, however, found in the excellent work of Mrs. Beanlands, formerly Misi Pemberton, of Victoria, a native daughter of the Province, whose native genius, aided by her studies abroad, enabled her to produce works which were exhibited with credit not only in British Columbia, but in European galleries.. Among other artists who have done successful figure and portrait work, may be mentioned Miss Mason and Mrs. Bampfylde Daniell, of Victoria, both of whom have done credit to their artistic training by works which have been exhibited in the Royal Academy, London. Mrs. Daniell's early taste for art led to her removal from Devonshire—her birthplace—to the artistic circles of the metropolis, where, under specially favorable conditions, she pursued her studios under the care of many famous Royal Academicians. It may also be said that much of the artistic skill that, under other circumstances, might have gone into pictures, has necessarily been employed in what, for want o'- a better name, may be called T910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 commercial art. A comparatively young and small community, as British Columbia is, despite its few historic spots, could not be expected to form very much of a market for masterpieces of genre. But in every centre °f population there arises a necessity for the work of the illustrator, whether applied to the advertising booklet, the newspaper, the magazine, or in the thousand other ways in which "line-cuts" are used. A demand of that kind means bread and butter, if not something better, and in a country where the first necessity of the newcomer is some sort of paying work, it is natural that much artistic talent should be absorbed in a line of business, which though its returns may be regular and immediate, offers but little guarantee of fame. The newspaper illustration, the invoice or letter heading, or the cartoon, thus utilizes the brain and skill that might otherwise have produced genre pictures to be remembered. One of the first pioneers of art in this Province was William Ferris, who came to Vancouver in 1888, after some years of the legal profession in London, where he had had the advantage of the companionship and help of many painters, since famous. His week-ends and afternoons were frequently devoted to sketching with these congenial comrades, and he attained considerable dexterity with the brush. It was natural that he should, on coming to British Columbia, begin to sketch the scenery he saw around him. One of the earliest of these sketches had for its subject the wreck of the steamship "Beaver"—a picture that may now be regarded as the best actual representation of that ill-fated vessel. Sketches of Cedar Cove and various objects and scenes along the waterfront attest his skill, and are valued evidences of what Vancouver was in those early days. Along with others, he was instrumental in the inauguration of the Art, Historical and Scientific Association, which has remained in existence until this day. Under the auspices of this Association Vancouver's first exhibition of art was held, consisting partly of loaned pictures and partly of work contributed by the members. It was opened by the Governor-General, who happened to be in the West, and was, for that day, a very considerable success. Among those who contributed to this early exhibition was H. J. De Forest, a native of the Maritime Provinces, who was prepared for an artistic career by various courses of study and a more prolonged opportunity of travel than falls to most men. When he had secured all the elementary training that Canada could give him, he started for London in 1879, where he took full advantage of study at South Kensington, following it up with further courses in Paris and Italy. During a prolonged tour that lasted until 1882, he saw most of the great masterpieces of the world, and stayed long at the principal artistic centres. Returning to Canada, he came West, and has ever since been regarded as one of the pioneers and chief exponents of the art he loves so well. An enthusiastic lover of nature, he has painted British Columbia scenery in a way which has earned deserved encomiums from all who know his work. Among the various societies that have from time to time been started in British Columbia to further the cause of art, the Vancouver Studio Club is entitled to a prominent place. It was started .in 1904 under the presidency of Mr. H. Abbott, who still retains that position. Himself an enthusiastic amateur in water color, Mr. Abbott was always ready to do what he could in the cause of art, and in November of- the about twenty, the object of the society being to consolidate the interests of those who are engaged in artistic pursuits, and to stimulate an appreciation of works of art on the part of the public. The society has held several exhibitions of works of art with considerable success. Among its members, in addition to William Ferris and H. J. de Forest already mentioned, is Thos. W. Fripp, a son of the eminent water colorist of the same name who was a well known member of the English Royal Society of Painters in Water Colors. Mr. Fripp therefore, comes by his well known skill in the direct line of descent, and his paintings are much admired. As an exponent of British Columbia scenery in water color, he takes a high place; the excellence of his drawing, and the purity of his color, distinguishing him in a quite remarkable way. He has also displayed eminent ability in figure pieces and portraits. John Kyle, A.R.C.A., is till ...i. t, mX'-I®^ samm SALMON BOATS, FROM A PAINTING BY S. P. JUDGE same year he assisted in the gathering of an important loan collection of pictures which were exhibited under the auspices of the club, and which contained many valuable works of art. The Studio Club, then as now, conducted classes for the teaching of art, S. P. Judge and J. Macintosh being successively its instructors. The club has held several highly creditable exhibitions, and its classes are now under the superintendence of Miss Anne Batchelor, Miss L. Beresford Tully, and Miss Walker. As an association for the encouragement of art, the Studio Club during the six years of its existence, has had a highly creditable history. Prominent among its workers have been Mrs. Russell, Mrs. Creery and Mrs. Frame. The British Columbia Society of Fine Arts was inaugurated in 1908 and duly incorporated by the Provincial Government; the Rt. Hon. Earl Grey, the Governor-General, accepting the office of president. It now has a membership of another prominent and useful member of the society. Of Scottish birth, he studied art first at his native place, and was successful in taking the highest South Kensington prize in his year, open to the entire Kingdom, for Artistic Anatomy. He proceeded to South Kensington, where he went through various courses with great credit, and studied for a time afterwards in Bruges. Coming to Vancouver, he for some time held the position of art instructor in the public schools, subsequently being appointed in the same capacity in the Normal School, a post which he at present holds. Mr. Kyle has taken an important part in the establishment of technical evening classes in Vancouver, among which those devoted specially to art work may be mentioned as doing great credit to the institution and management. It is not too much to say that in his art teaching in the public schools, he has done much Page 24 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 for art in this Province. The work of the scholars which has been shown at various exhibitions, indicates that the pupils have been taught on right principles, and we may, therefore, look for a growing number of artists in the rising generation. As a painter, Mr. Kyle's work is of a high grade. W. P. Weston is another member of the organization who is engaged in teaching. He is an artist of considerable capacity, and in some of his seascapes displays a power and vision which have made his contributions in this line of art to local exhibitions very acceptable. Allan Brooks, another member of the B.C.S.F.A., is a painstaking and exceedingly able painter of birds and game subjects. As an explorer of the mountain recesses of this Province, as a hunter and prospector, he has made a record. The clearness of his observation and the ability of his pencil are seen in his masterly book illustrations as well as in many separate paintings. His illustrations in the large and important work, "The Birds of Washington," by Dawson & Bowles, are a sufficient testimony to his great ability in this particular line. Educated in Scotland, J. Macintosh Gow is an able and successful painter, with a keen eye for color, and for the poetic aspects of nature. Though he works chiefly in water color, he is successful also in oil, in both devoting himself chiefly to landscape. His works always take a high place in the B.C.S.F. A. exhibitions. N. H. Hawkins is a water color painter whose vivid impressions of nature are conveyed with a delicacy and purity of tint which give great value to his work. He is also taking much interest in figure design. S. P. Judge, before mentioned, has made a special and successful study of marine painting. He is also an able and brilliant artist in black and white, and a competent scenic artist. As secretary of the B.C.S.F.A., he has done very valuable service, while his ability as a teacher has been fully recognized. Stanley Tytler's Australian studies marked him, during his residence in the Commonwealth, as a competent observer of Nature's moods, and he has found in British Columbia many good subjects for his clever brush. His technique is bold, and his grasp of the principles of art comprehensive. He leans to a broad interpretation of what he sees; his capacity for selection is evident, and his method sincere and direct. Mrs. Alice Blair Thomas, B.C.S.F.A., is another broad worker in oil, whose frequently large canvases convey a poetic rendering of mountain scenery. She is equally successful in pastoral effects, while her work in water color has found many purchasers in Vancouver. Grace Judge, B.C.S.F.A., has not only original faculty and a style of her own, but she possesses an imagination that busies itself in dainty and refined avenues of thought. In her quaint devices which have for their "motif" the dress and customs of bygone days, she displays an insight and technique that are both admirable and industrious. Noel Bursill's training as an artist was obtained in London. His black and poetic transcripts of British Columbia scenery are to the manner born, for she is a native daughter of the Province. Her manner is distinctive, and her effects bold and striking. This article would not be complete without some mention of the Island Arts Club of Victoria, which has recently held its first exhibition, and in the promotion of which Mrs. Bampfylde Daniell has been a most valuable worker. This club extends its schedule to any kind of artistic craftsmanship, and seems likely A BOOK PLATE, BY HERBERT S. STUDY white work is excellent, and he has a peculiarly good sense of color, which, when displayed in an imaginative subject, is particularly pleasing. George S. Gibson is a painter of much ability, whose bold washes of color are very enjoyable to the discerning art lover. He is competent in drawing, and his capacity for the selection of the features of a scene decidedly above the average. Miss Amity Carr is another highly valued member of the B.C.S.F.A., whose to do good work in its own district. Nor though we have spoken chiefly of painting, must we forget the sculptor Marega, whose vigorous modelling work has added a pleasing feature to Vancouver exhibitions, and who is the teacher of modelling in connection with the Vancouver evening classes before mentioned. Mr. Marega is an artist to the fingertips, and his modelling work and sculpture has a vivid and vigorous beauty that compel sincere admiration. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 Christmas Giving By Alice Ashworth Townley D.EAR me!" said Mrs. Giventake, how time flies! To think of Christmas being only about a week off, and a hundred and fifty things one ought to attend to before then, too. I'm that busy I don't know which way to turn. Are you giving many Christmas presents this year?" "Well, not as many as usual. I really can't afford it; and it always seems to me that this empty giving of presents just because people expect it of you, and it's the custom, is a mistake. I think present giving should be the spontaneous outpouring of affection or gratitude, and not a tax levied on us by the season, an empty exchange of compliments," returned Mrs. Samy, in the tone of one who realizes the weakness of surrounding humanity. "Just exactly what I think, and what I've often said. You know, I cannot understand this business-like idea of giving just to see what you'll get in return —like some people do. I don't see how they can be so mercenary." "Nor I, either. I couldn't do it. The calculating, mean spirit some people show in bestowing their gifts where they will bring most return is abominable. There's Mrs. Grabber, I met her down town to-day buying an expensive dressing grown for that rich old uncle of hers. She'd have done better to give it to her brother-in-law, who has been ill so long —I hear they are just starving—but he couldn't give her anything, and she expects old Moneybags to substantially remember every child in her family. If he were as mean as John's uncle, it's very little they'd get from him. He's the one that knows how to hang on to his coppers"T He hardly ever gives the children a *thing at Christmas time—and we all give him nice presents every year. Not that I'm mercenary, you know; but it's only sensible to please him if one can.' He could do so much for the boys; and he'll have to leave his money to someone before many years are past. Old Curmudgeon! I'd a good deal rather spend the money on poor old Grandpa, EDITOR'S NOTE. This sketch is taken by permission from Mrs. Townley's clever book, "Opinions of Mary," which is made up of short essays on many phases of every day life, written in an incisive style, with much humor and keenness of observation. Because Mrs. Townley is" a Vancouver woman, the volume has special interest here, and would make a particularly appropriate and appreciated Christmas gift. We are glad to say, for the sake of our readers,, that Mrs. Townley has very kindly given her consent to the publication in Opportunities of one of the sketches each month. he's so fond of my children. But, then, it's no use talking, you can't do everything—and Grandpa knows we all love him." "Yes," agreed Mrs. Giventake, regretfully, "it seems too bad that one can't afford to give to everyone one would like to do something for. There's poor old Cousin Jane, she's been awfully good to me. I send for her first thing when any of us are sick, and she always will take charge of the children if I want to go anywhere, or help me out with the sewing. I wish I could give her something really nice, but I don't see how I can. There are so many people one is obliged to remember. That five o'clock tea cover for my husband's mother has cost me ever so much more than I thouglit it would—she gives me so many handsome things, I have to give her something really nice—and my sister's children get such a number of lovely gifts from their father's people that we have to spend a lot of money on them or they don't think anything of what you give them. Spoiled youngsters they are! So different from Mary's children. A few cheap toys will satisfy them. It's just struck me I'll give Jane that plaid dress length my mother-in-law gave me two years ago (I wish she had better taste). I'll never wear the ugly thing, and it will make Jane a nice, serviceable.?dress. It's a pity green doesn't suit her better, but I can't help that. It will be a good, handsome present." And she gave a little sigh of satisfaction in the settlement of that question. "What are you going to give your husband, Mrs. Giventake?" •'I'm not quite sure," responded that lady, doubtfully. "I wish I could be quite certain what he intends giving me. I've been hinting for the last six months that I want a new dinner set, but men are so obtuse. If I could be sure of the dinner set I'd give him a shaving stand, for I've quite a lot of money saved up, and it would look nice in the room; but I must have the dinner set, and if he isn't going to get me one I'll have to buy it myself and pretend it's a present for him. I'm bound to have it, anyway." "That's a good idea," laughed Mrs. Samy, "but it is so annoying," she went on, gravely, "that one doesn't know before hand. Now, last year I was as sure ■ as sure that John intended giving me a new black silk, so I got him a pair of gold sleeve-links and a new muffler, and would you believe it, the mean fellow had nothing for me but a rocking chair. I was that disappointed I could have cried. I'll be even with him this year, though; I'm just going to get a new hat- rack for the hall and pretend it's a handsome present for him to use to hang his hat and coat on. The rocking chair, indeed! We needed it for the sitting room anyway. I do hate people to get you something useful, or that they want themselves—all the time letting on it's a present for you." "Yes," assented Mrs. Giventake, drearily, her mind evidently yet dwelling on the dinner set. "Do you know, I'm almost sure he'll get it, and I would like to give him some nice handkerchiefs and a new umbrella. I suppose," with the air of one to whom a bright idea has just occurred, "I could have the umbrella sent home the day before Christmas, and then, if the dishes didn't materialize, I needn't say anything about it, and send it back on Saturday to change for something else for myself." "Are you going to have many for dinner on Christmas Day?" presently asked Mrs. Samy. "Yes, the whole crowd. Isn't it a nuisance? That's the worst of marrying into a large family. I don't mind my own people, but John insists on having his relations this year. There will be sixteen altogether, and my cook's raging. I'll have to give her nearly everything there is in the house to keep her in a decent temper or she'll burn the turkey or have a sick mother and have to go home. I suppose Christmas will be a great day for you, too?" "No, thank goodness! We're all going to my sister's. She hates entertaining, but she has a large house, and there's nothing to prevent her, so she hadn't the face to wriggle out of it this year, as mother is staying with her. If I had everything I wanted, like she has, it would be a pleasure to entertain. Of course, with only one servant, and such a small house, I am differently situated, and I really can't do it^'—and so on. But enough of the business-like and calculating exchange of presents and dinners which, to some few to whom Christmas is but an empty sound, passes muster as being the giving of gifts and dispensing of hospitality. The only true giving is done from love or compassion, and without the least thought of return. Yet, when did the outflowings of generosity and unselfishness, tender consideration and compassion for our less fortunate brothers, forgiveness and kindly feelings towards Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 those who may have injured us, fail to bring into our hearts- the return tide of sweet satisfaction and content? You that have a plenty of this world's goods, take from your hoard and purchase far yourselves, by providing for the needs of others, a happiness, a comfort, an internal glow that will warm you, mayhap, through cold and dreary days of advancing age and loneliness. A season of joy and gladness! A time of feasting and mirth! Think of the many within touch of our hands upon whom the burden of sorrow or want or care presses heavily. Think of the Christmas dinners that will choke the narrowed circles, where Death has been busy since the last anniversary, that vainly strive to be cheerful;. Think of those other dreadful abodes that the gaunt fingers of poverty have robbed of all semblance of a home, where miserable children cry for food and old age huddles trembling by the fireless stove. You that don your furs—glad that suitable weather has come in which to wear them—think how the bitter winds penetrate the ragged garments of many that are homeless and destitute; of more that, buttoning up their thin coats over breaking hearts, are bravely trying to hide their poverty, and, well nigh desperate, are facing a world that seems filled with disappointment and misery and want. And if we can aid in ever so little, by material and assistance, or sympathy, or encouragement, let us not hold back, remembering the life-long' self-sacrifice of Him whose birth we celebrate. The Rise of Keremeos The Young Town of Opportunities in the Valley of the Similkameen Much has been written descriptive of the beauties and resources of British Columbia, but the most valuable articles are those which deal with concrete facts pertaining to sections in which a man may establish an attractive home and a prosperous business. Here are some eloquent facts about the Similkameen Valley. It lies in the southwestern portion of the Province, taking its name from the Similkameen River, which, in the Siwash language, means noisy waters. The river in its lower stretches, is about two hundred yards wide, from four to ten feet deep, and flowing rapidly, furnishes ample power for the wheels of industry, and also an abundant water supply for irrigation where this is necessary. The whole valley, and especially the section which has the town of Keremeos as its centre, is now at the dawn of a new era. For many years this rich country has waited for the coming of the steel rails which will put it in close touch with the rest of the world and the big markets. The Great Northern Railway, reaching up from Spokane, in Washington, has now passed through and beyond the town of Keremeos, on its way to Van couver and the coast. It is announced that this important connection will be ready for traffic by the middle of next summer. Herein lies an opportunity for the man who has not yet acquired property holdings in the vicinity of Keremeos. Because the railroad is not yet completed, land may be obtained at lower prices than will be possible when trains are running between Keremeos and Vancouver. From the latter point to Keremeos the trip by rail now involves a long detour up to Sicamous on the C. P. R., thence down to Okanagan Landing, THE BEAUTIFUL KEREMEOS EXHIBIT AT THE FIRST CANADIAN APPLE SHOW 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 27 thence by steamer down the lake to Penticton, and then by stage to Keremeos. This journey requires two days. When the line to Vancouver is completed, the trip will consume five hours. This will mean much to the Keremeos country. It will mean that land that can now be obtained at low prices, considering what Mother Nature has done for this section, will greatly rise in value, and that the man who is fortunate enough to now hold or to acquire property before the advent of the railroad will see a large increase in his own property through what economists term the "unearned increment." It is quite safe to say that with transportation facilities, this will become one of the most productive sections of its size in British Columbia or on the continent. In telling the story of the Similkameen Valley and Keremeos, it is not necessary, however, to dwell much upon the future. The present shows much achievement. To begin not on the ground, but beneath it, it can be said that the valley is rich in mining resources. Large mines have already been fully developed, a number of them are shipping coal, copper, gold and iron. Big platinum deposits are being worked. It is not a country of prospects or "wild cats." In the camps where there has been sufficient development, the ore bodies have been proved. Hedley, known as "The town of the full dinner pail," which is just twenty miles up the valley from Keremeos, has been referred to by a Dominion Government authority on mining as the greatest producer of gold alone of any camp in British Columbia. The Nickle Plate mine has turned out $3,000,000 in bullion. It and many other mining properties are still in the early stages of their production. Impressive as the mineral output of this section has already been, there is no doubt that coming years will bring multiples of this production. Besides Hedley, there is the "collier" town of Princeton, which is forty-five miles west from Keremeos, and is underlaid with sub-bituminous coal. It has been estimated that one of these seams alone is capable of producing fifteen hundred tons of coal a day for one hundred and forty years. The coal is all of excellent quality. Here is another great source of wealth in the; Similkameen Valley. But so far we have dealt only with the underground riches of this section. Those above ground show even greater potentialities of prosperity for a large population. Indeed, mining has been mentioned not so much on account of its own wealth creating attributes, as to bring out the fact that Keremeos and its vicinity will not have to depend upon outside markets for her agricultural products. These, and fruit and vegetables in particular, probably constitute the greatest asset the valley has. The soil is particularly rich in the elements necessary to the growth of fruit and cereals. It is even in texture, and has in remarkable degree, the power of retaining water. That the valley is one of the best sections in British Columbia for raising fruit is proved by fruits already raised there. At the recent Apple Show in Vancouver, the Keremeos display aroused great admiration. This display was one of the most beautiful and impressive of the whole show, and created a great deal of fresh interest in the Keremeos section. Other fruits which find this locality suited to their best development are, pears, peaches, plums, prunes, cherries, strawberries, blackberries, blueberries, gooseberries and currants. All of these flourish in a degree which is highly gratifying to the grower. The conditions for the production of wine grapes are also propitious. The Similkameen apples won the gold medal at the New Zealand National Exhibition in 1906. At the National Apple Show at Spokane in 1908 British Columbia apples captured thirteen first and three second prizes out oi sixteen entries, and Similkameen apples are unexcelled by those of any other section of the Province. At the New Westminster Fair in 1909, the Keremeos exhibit won fourteen firsts and six second prizes out of twenty entries. The fact that the conditions for raising small vegetables are as good as those for raising fruit is important to the fruit farmer for the reason that while he is waiting for his orchards to mature, he can plant them out with numerous vegetables, which will bring him.a good profit for his expenditure of time and labor. The region is already well known as a grazing region, and offers special advantages for the production of butter, condensed milk and cream, eggs and > poultry. It would be difficult to imagine a better climate. The valley lies in the heart of the dry belt, with a precipitation of eight inches in the lower valley and twenty-four inches in the upper or western at higher levels. The air is pure. In it the germs of malaria and tuberculosis have no chance. There are no extremes of heat and cold. The warm Chinook winds from the Pacific ocean find a way into the valley and so temper the climate that ploughing in most years can be done throughout the winter months— So it is that in this favored section the dweller has at his command all the factors . necessary for commercial success and pleasant home life. This is being more and more widely recognized. There was but little movement of population into the valley until 1905, but since then the settlers have been enter ing in a constantly increasing stream. Many of these have written to their friends in the old sections enthusiastic letters of their homes and prospects in this new land of promise, and these letters have brought yearly a large influx of population. Yet the valley, hidden away among British Columbia mountains, has been so newly discovered, so to speak, that there is still a large amount of land waiting to yield up its richness to the industrious settler. Success awaits him here, if he has it in him to make the most of the valley's opportunities. -o- SALMON RIVER MINING The Salmon Bear River Mining Co., Ltd., was recently formed for the purpose of working three properties in the Portland Canal District. A rich strike of gold and native silver running over $2000 to the ton was recently made on one of the properties. A fifteen foot ledge was uncovered and traced for over 5,000 feet, showing ore for the entire distance. Assays taken from it ran from $267 to $2,098 per ton in gold and silver. A second vein was uncovered on one of the other groups, showing about five feet of galena ore, assaying from $30 to $60 per ton in gold, silver and lead. This ledge is from eight to ten feet wide, and was traced for over 1,000 feet. The property is situated up the Salmon River Valley some two and a half miles in a westerly direction from the famous Red Cliff. It was located last summer by Stewart prospectors. These properties have some of the best and richest showings in the district. -o Maple Leaf Emblem. Stewart Paterson, senior chaplain of the Red River expedition of 1870, says that the Maple Leaf was the recognized emblem of Canada long before i860, the date claimed for its first recognition. On the initiative of the late Dr. Richardson, of Toronto, he, as secretary of a patriotic association of Peterborough in 1858, designed a badge on which there was a wreath of maple leaves. He also wrote verses mentioning the maple leaf and ranking it with the rose, shamrock and thistle. -o- Advices have been received from the officers of the British Columbia & Alaska Railway company, of which Mr. Jean Wolkenstein, of New York, is president, that their reconnaisance surveys are now complete between Fort George and Quesnel. The line as projected is to extend from Lytton through the Chilcotin country and Fort George to the Alaskan boundary. Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 THE manager wants to see you, said the pretty stenographer when McAndrews entered. In a moment the young man had seated himself by the desk in the private office, and the manager, turning a keen glance upon him, began to speak. "Mr. McAndrews, I want you to go up the coast on the boat to-night. At our camp in the Toba Inlet the foreman and the crew don't seem to pull together. The foreman, Mears, is a crackerjack of a logger, but he's got in wrong with the men. They're lying down on him. Now, I want to get that timber cleaned up before the first of the year, and we've only about three weeks left. My idea is to have you go up there and see if you can't straighten matters out, and get the logs off. It's a kind of ticklish job, because Mears is an tfgly man to handle when he gets a grouch. This is one reason why I have selected you. You can take care of yourself. I know your record as a college athlete, and you certainly look the part." The manager gazed with smiling admiration at McAndrews' lithe figure. "I have another reason for sending you up there. This is confidential. There is a very good position open in this company, and I want to put you into it. Two or three of the directors have another man in hand, but when I take your name before the board I can put it through This is the first of a series of stories by J. H. W., dealing with various salient features of life in British Columbia. Next month we will have a story of the further adventures of McAndrews, who figures largely in the above tale. British Columbia is peculiarly rich in literary material, and we believe that these stories will prove of great interest. if I have something pretty strong to back it up with. This is the chief reason why I'm giving you this chance. You can get away to-night, can't you?" "I sure can," answered McAndrews, with enthusiasm, "and I'll make good if it takes a leg." In a state of some excitement he 'phoned a girl, and, on his way to his own lodgings, dropped in to see her. They had a long talk, and a certain great event was arranged for January, provided he succeeded in this mission to the lumber camp. She waved him a farewell that evening from the Vancouver wharf, and the Petrel, sliding out through the hills, turned her nose toward the north. In the small smoking room McAndrews tried to read a magazine, but literature had a forlorn chance amid these surroundings. The room was filled with lumberjacks returning to the camps and work, and they were continuing on the boat the celebration of Vancouver holidays. Flasks were being passed from hand to hand, and a goodly portion of the passengers moved about with an unsteadiness of gait that was by no means wholly due to the pitching and rolling of the Petrel. Even so, McAndrews had succeeded in concentrating his mind upon a magazine article when the words "You're a liar!" cut through the general noise. Two men had abruptly risen, and one of these let loose his fist. The other reeled back against the window. The two were enwrapping each other in an embrace that was far from fond, when the purser, a small individual, shot out from the office. He tugged at the man on top, admonishing him severely. He pulled him off, and led him to a seat on the other side of the smoking room. Then, with a warning that was terse and compact from long practice, he retired again to the office and his ledger. This first fight of the evening increased the gaiety of the company. Lumberjacks who had been drooping in morose silence, evidently dispirited by memories of pleasures passed and the contemplation of work to come, aroused themselves with the light of freshened interest in their eyes. One of them turned to McAndrews. "That was a pretty good wallop old Jack give the other cuss, but say, y' ought t'ave seen the fight I seen just before I come out this last time. Mears, the foreman up at one o' th' Hercules camps, gave one of his crew as nifty a beatin' up as a man'd want to put his lamps on. The other was as big as Mears, too. Oh, 'e's a wonder with 'is dukes." McAndrews cast a quick glance at his new acquaintance. "Yes, sir," the latter went on with ponderous emphasis, perceiving that he had found an interested listener, "Mears has got 'em buffaloed. They'd quit 'im if they wasn't scared he'd lick 'em one by one." McAndrews was lending a careless ear to the rambling accounts of the prowess of Mears and others when the purser came up with the information that, because the boat was overcrowded, and a berth had not been engaged in time, the best he could do would be to provide Mr. McAndrews with a blanket on the floor beneath the table in the cabin. The latter was grateful for even this, and lost 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 no time in turning in. Some half inebriated passengers who occupied chairs around him, kept up an endless argument, but at last the monotonous drone of their voices died away, and he awoke suddenly, with the dim light of early morning creeping in beneath the cabin table. In a moment he was out on the narrow deck, breathing deeply of the fresh salt air. He felt his spirits rise. Eagerly he gazed out over the tumbling waters at the stately mountain ranges. Along the shore were gentle grassy banks that became lost in the shadow of the timber; great slopes reaching away to trees that were high and small against the sky; bold promontories, complacent islands, quiet inlets. The sun rose tardily but brilliantly over the long phalanx of hills, banishing the grey of early morning, lighting up the picture of restless water and sombre forests with a tint of mellow gold. Youth and strength surged in McAndrews' breast. He felt within himself a pent-up force. His clear eyes shone. "Mears may be a wonder," he said to himself, "but I feel this morning as if I could eat him up." At last the Petrel, flinging the water .imperiously from her bows, treading her way nimbly through the combating seas, veered slightly shoreward. A cliff loomed up ahead, and then seemed to move aside like an old sentinel of the sea that had received the countersign. McAndrews saw calmer waters, a curving sweep of beach, some small buildings clinging to the hillside, a long chute, and, moored close to the shore, a heavy raft of logs. Up to this the Petrel glided. Lines were thrown over and made fast. There were greetings. Some freight was unloaded and a packet of mail handed out. McAndrews watched the deck hands swing his trunk to the raft. He paid little attention to the men who had come down the hill and were on the raft when the Petrel edged alongside, but he knew at once which one was Mears. Under a battered slouch hat, pulled down in front, was a long face that looked as if it had been hewn out of rock. Big, freckled arms, with the sleeves of the blue flannel shirt rolled above the elbows, hung loosely from heavy shoulders. Nature seemed to have designed those arms to swing an axe, or strike a blow. In the work of handling the freight, Mears gave orders roughly, with a tinge of contempt in his voice and manner. He did not seem to notice McAndrews, but when he came to the trunk he kicked it, glared down at it, and demanded in a loud tone, "What the is this?" "That's my trunk, Mr. Mears," replied McAndrews, stepping forward. "I'm from the company, and I am going to stop up at the camp for a while. You'll oblige me by keeping your feet off that trunk, and also by having some of your men take it up to the office." Mears shot a red-eyed glance at McAndrews and then began to look him over, slowly, from head to foot. "I'll oblige yeh, huh!" he exclaimed, suddenly. "You seem sort o' sure of it, but what d'y' take us fur—a bunch o' baggage smashers?" "I've got a letter to you from the manager, Mr. Mears," said McAndrews, quietly. "It's a note of introduction." He smiled slightly and produced the letter. Mears waved it aside. "I don't take letters from every rah rah boy that blows up the coast. I ain't got time. The mails is good enough fur me. Y' kin toss yer letter to th' bookkeep' if ye happen to be strollin' up toward th' office." "All right, but you and I are going to have a little talk. I'll see you at the office." McAndrews turned quickly away, rapidly crossed the log between the raft and the shore, and made his way up the steep hill to the small building which stood at a little distance from the barnlike bunk-house. As he entered the doorway the bookkeeper raised a pair of mild blue eyes at him across the high desk, and then, apparently divining the arrival of a representative of the Vancouver office, slid from his stool and looked at McAndrews enquiringly. "I guess you're Mr. Perverilly," remarked the latter, smiling. "Yes, sir," responded the bookkeeper, with a touch of apprehension in his manner. "Well, my name is McAndrews, and I've been sent up by the manager in Vancouver to sort of look over things." McAndrews spoke in a cordial tone, and extended his hand, to allay any fear in Mr. Peverilly's mind that his own job was in jeopardy. Then he delivered the letter and explained that he had not yet had his breakfast. Mr. Peverilly was distressed to hear it, and, all alacrity, seized his hat and hastened toward the door. "Come right over to the cook-house. The grub ain't much for quality, but there's plenty of it, and the cook's just about tackling his own breakfast. You'll be in time." McAndrews was at his heels. He began to rather like Peverilly, a small man, neither young nor old, who wore a constant smile, and seemed to have a strong desire to please. The cook, upon the entrance of the two, rose from the board table at which he was regaling himself, wiped his hands, shook the one which McAndrews extended, and without any delay retired to the rear, in the direction of the stove. In five minutes, balancing dishes on either arm, he returned with a breakfast that would have been a compliment to the appetite of the big gest of the lumberjacks. McAndrews was equal to it—every mouthful—and this won the cook's respect. The two indulged in a smoke together, and exchanged observations on various subjects, until McAndrews, having seen the large bulk of Mears come up the hill and turn toward the office, tucked his pipe away, thanked the cook, and sauntered over to the little building for his second encounter with the foreman. The latter, seated beside the big stove behind the bookkeeper's desk, was figuring in a note book when McAndrews entered. He glanced up with a heavy frown. "Have you read that letter yet?" enquired McAndrews. Mears got to his feet and in violent language declared that he hadn't read the letter and didn't intend to. "If anybody has anything to say to me, let 'im say it to me face, or through th' mails." McAndrews surveyed the big man calmly from his chair. "Since you're bull- headed enough not to take this letter from me," he remarked, "I'll tell you the gist of it. In the first place, it is from the manager of the Hercules Lumber Company, the man who makes out your cheque every month. It introduces me to you, in a nice, polite way. Then it states that it is imperative to get this timber claim cleared up before the first of the year. Then it expresses the hope that you and I will work together, in complete harmony." McAndrews smiled. "Finally, it says that I am to have full authority to do whatever I think best to get this work cleaned up at the time set. That's the letter, Mears. What do you think of it?" "I think, by , that ye'd better go out an' shoot chipmonks till th' boat comes down th' coast again. Then ye'd better waltz aboard an' sit tight till she lands ye in Vancouver. When I git a letter in th' reg'lar way sayin' I'm fired, I'll quit. Till then I'm boss here, an' any gazabo that feels like arguin' about it is run off th' lot." McAndrews kept himself well in hand. "All right," he called after Mears, as the latter stamped toward the door, "I feel like arguing, and even at that, I expect to stay here a while." Mr. Peverilly had been applying himself closely to his books during this little passage-at-arms. Now that the foreman had gone out, he turned slowly around, with a grin that was obviously assumed to conceal his feelings that this was a serious affair. "He got pretty hot under the collar, didn't he? The fact is, Mr. McAndrews, that Mears is a hard man—what you'd call a bully. He's reckless, too. If you would pardon a suggestion " "I know what you're going to say," interrupted McAndrews, quickly, with the flush of the encounter still upon him. Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 "You're going to suggest that I sing low until I get in touch with the Vancouver office and then fire Mears by mail. But I'm not going to do it. In the first place, there isn't time. The work's behind now, and they've put it up to me to get this timber off before the first. Some fresh ginger has got to be put into these men right away, and I'm going to do it, on my own hook. In the meantime, Peverilly, would you mind giving me a lift with my trunk up from the landing?" The bookeeper hesitated. McAndrews looked him straight in the eyes. "You've got to make a choice, Peverilly, and now's the time. Which is it, me or Mears?" Mr. Peverilly made haste to get off his stool. "Why—why, of course, Mr. McAndrews, I'll help you with your trunk." "Good!" exclaimed McAndrews with a smile. "And when we get back here we'll fix up an extra cot. I suppose Mears sleeps here in the office. We'll make a happy little family, won't we?" Not caring to have any more futile combats of words with Mears, McAndrews used a little diplomacy with the cook, and obtained his dinner and supper before the crew reached the cookhouse. He spent the afternoon on the timber claim, watching the work. There was no spirit in it. The hook tender seemed indifferent, and his attitude was reflected in the men. When a log jammed between two stumps the order to "skin 'er back" was only half-hearted, and the men mounted the log with laggard steps. The signal boy leaned languidly against the stump. Even the blasts of the whistle seemed to lack aggressiveness, and the logs moved lazily on their way. McAndrews made no comment on this, and exchanged no words with Mears. The latter did not come to the office that night to sleep. "Mears evidently is not yearning for my society," said McAndrews, jocularly, to Peverilly as they were turning in. "It's an even break so far. I don't show up at meal-time and he doesn't show up at bed-time. Each army is waiting for the other to make the first manoeuvre. I guess I'll have to make mine to-morrow morning." The men had finished breakfast and were lighting their pipes for a smoke before work when McAndrews strolled into the cook-house. Taking a stand near the head of the long table, he surveyed the company. The talk ceased immediately, and all eyes were fixed on the face of the young man. "Boys," he began,, amid a silence that was oppressive because it had come so suddenly, "you've seen me around here since yesterday morning, and I suppose you are wondering what I'm here for. Mr. Mears probably hasn't told you. Well, to put it to you straight, I'm here for the company, to find out why the work is dragging. The company is making a particular point of having this claim cleaned up before the first, and the manager has given me full authority to do what I think best to push the work along. This is all set down in black and white in a letter I have here for Mr. Mears. He won't open it, but I will, right here and now, if you don't believe me. I haven't come up here to butt in. I came because I've got a job with this company, just as you have, and have been told to come. Now, as you're going on at present, you won't finish this work on time. You know it. You also know as well as I do that it can be done if we go about it in the right way, without friction. Most of you have had a lot more experience in the woods than I've had, and you can teach me a lot, but this is a simple job. All that is needed is somebody whose orders you are willing to carry out promptly. The company has put it up to me. Will you do as I say? If you will, we can finish up this work in time for Christmas holidays for all of us, with full pay for everybody and everybody satisfied." McAndrews stopped and glanced keenly up and down the table. "Are you agreed, boys? Say the word." The silence continued, and McAndrews felt in force against him the prejudice with which the uneducated man often regards the man who has had this advantage. The hook tender, whose wide mouth indicated the oratorical tendencies which caused him to assume the role of spokesman, rose to his feet. "Ye've given us a straight talk, Mr. McAndrews, and we'll give you one. Yeh come up here an' say ye're this an' that, an' say yeh 'ave a letter to prove it. But it ain't yer letter to open, an' we ain't 'ad no official notification that yer in charge here. Mr. Mears here may have his faults—we all have, but that's between ourselves. Yeh ain't one of us. Yeh ain't been in the woods long enough, fur one thing. As fur takin' orders, we'd rather take 'em from someone whose as good a man as we are at swingin' an axe, or handin' out a wallop, fur that matter. Mears is that all right. We've been in the woods a good while, an' we ain't hankerin' after no kid glove rule from what ye call the campus. When yeh prove yerself as good a man as any one of us, it'll be time fur yeh to be tellin' us what to do. Is that right, boys?" There was a general murmur of approval. "If this is what you think," exclaimed McAndrews, hotly, "I'll say no more— for the moment, but before we're through I'll have a lot more to say. I'll—I'll call your bluff." McAndrews made a quick exit, and de voted a part of the morning to thinking over the situation. He decided that he would have to meet these men on their own ground—one that was distinctly physical. He ate supper with them that evening, but they did not speak to him, nor he to them. Finally, after the pudding had been dispatched, and pipes had been drawn out, McAndrews rose, and, leaning carelessly on the back of his chair, began: "Gentlemen," he said, with sarcastic emphasis on the word, "I'm going to insult you. You've got strong backs but weak heads. You can't see anything in life except the animal. Your spell-binder here this morning handed me some hot air about taking orders only from a better man. He meant a better pug. Do you back up what he said?" McAndrews paused, glancing half smilingly into the heavy unfriendly faces ranged along the table. "You bet we do," was the effect of the muttering replies. "Good, good!" exclaimed McAndrews with enthuiasm. "In this case you will have to take orders from me, because I'm a better man than any of you, even on your own ground of exchanging wallops. Who are you all afraid of? Who's got you all buffaloed? Why, Mears here, of course. Well, I can lick Mears." McAndrews turned suddenly toward the foreman. "Isn't that true, Mears? I can lick you, can't I?" Mears started from his chair. " you, I'll break you in two!" McAndrews lifted up a restraining hand. "Hold on, Mears, you're a little hasty in rushing to the slaughter. We want to make the most of this fight and give the boys the pleasure of anticipation. What I propose is that the mill be pulled off in the bunk-house a week from to-night, not as a cheap rough and tumble, but as a clean-cut affair, carried on according to the rules of the game. I brought a set of gloves up here for fun, but will be glad to use them for business. They're regular prize ring gloves, and not any too soft, as you'll find, Mears, when I land on your ugly face. Pick out your seconds. I think Mr. Peverilly and the cook will act for me. I'll leave it to you boys to select the referee, feeling sure that while you don't like me, you'll give me a square deal. As to putting the fight off a week, I'll be frank with you. Mears has been living the outdoor life in the woods, while I've been doing nothing but office work lately, and have been smoking a shade too much. I'm a little soft, and want to go into training. I want to make this fight worth seeing. If I lose I'll fade away as soon as I'm able to be about. If I win, I'll expect every man of you to take my orders and take them quick. I don't mind telling you that I used to be 1910 champion boxer at college. Your orator last night referred sneeringly to the campus. Well, we'll see how the campus stacks up against the woods. How do you feel about it, Mears? Not nervous, I hope. Do we have the mill, or don't we? Are you afraid, or not?" Mears jumped to his feet and was starting toward McAndrews, when he was seized by those around him. "Sit down, Mears, sit down," admonished the hook tender. "This here talk of a shipshape scrap, arranged proper, sounds good to us. Are yeh game fur it?" "Game fur it?" shouted Mears, "Why —why, I'm only afraid I'll kill 'im." McAndrews watched the work the next day, and was gratified to observe that the men were very decidedly speeding up. They seemed to feel that life held an interest after all. The hook tender was putting fresh vigor into them. The main line jammed. A log stopped. In an instant the signal was thrown—"Stop! skin 'er back!" The rigging crew jumped upon the log, shifted the choker, signalled the engineer, and in the twinkling of an eye the log was again on its way. There was a new snap in the work. With a certain gaiety the men attacked the . logs, and in much more rapid succession than had been the case before, the latter thundered down the chute and leapt into the water. Only a part of the day did McAndrews spend on the timber claim. He took a quick dip in the cold salt water, rubbed himself vigorously, went for a three mile dog trot around the curving inlet, and, on the limb of a tree on the far side of the office, out of sight of the bunk-house, hung a punching bag of sand. He also carefully laid away his pipe. The next day he increased the vigor of his exercises, and on each of the following days added a little to his training stint. He had been a favorite of the wise trainer back at college, and was well versed in the art of getting into condition quickly. His spirits were high, because on the timber claim the men were keeping up their speed. He felt a subtle change in their attitude toward him. It was one of more respect. He knew that he could win complete authority over them by one means—the fight. If he defeated the redoubtable Mears, practically every lumberjack on the coast would be his to command. It he lost it, he would be a laughing stock, and would probably have to seek other fields for his work as a logging camp boss and forest engineer. Toward the end of the week he ceased the heavier part of his training and devoted himself exclusively to developing to top-notch his speed and wind. Mears has got an arm like a sledgehammer," he remarked to Mr. Peverilly on the evening before the event, "and OPPORTUNITIES I've got to keep him from landing on me with all his force. It will be a cinch for me to out-box and out-manoeuvre him, and in the second or third round I'm going to try to close his eyes. Then I'll concentrate on putting him out with a clean jolt to the 'jaw. Mr. Peverilly gazed at McAndrews with awe, with an admiration that was almost too deep for words. This affair, he felt, was the biggest thing in which he had played a direct and important part, and he was leaving no stone unturned to be equal to his responsibility. He and his fellow second, Mr. Garvey, the cook, had numerous conferences with Mr. Hansen and Mr. Murphy, the other seconds, and also with Mr. Williams, the hook tender, who had assumed the role of referee. The latter had shown a desire to conduct the fight according to the best ethics of fistic combats, and McAndrews, after going over with Peverilly the arrangements in detail, was well satisfied. "The best man will win," he remarked, "and that's all I want. I don't look at this scrap as a mere physical battering game. I have several reasons for wanting to win, but in addition to them I want to show these fellows that education needn't necessarily be weak-kneed and puny around the shoulders. I want to increase their respect for learning." McAndrews laughed. He was feeling very fit. Late in the afternoon of the seventh day after his proposal in the bunk-house, he took a nap. Five hours intervened before the time scheduled for the fight. His programme was to sleep for an hour, walk an hour, devote an hour to an easily digested supper, and then to rest and read for a couple of hours before entering the ring. He carried the first three parts of his programme out as he had planned, and was settling comfortably with a book by the student lamp on the office table when Peverilly came in excitedly. "There's a yacht swinging over toward the landing," he announced. "There is?" exclaimed McAndrews in astonishment. "What do you think has brought her here?" "Heaven only knows. She's come from the south, from Vancouver, I suppose." They picked up their hats and hurried through the darkness down the road. The launch slipped gracefully along the edge of the raft. A man jumped off, made her fast, and then, extending his hands, helped two young women to alight. A fourth figure followed. McAndrews heard laughter—musical laughter. He knew it well, and for an instant he felt as though his heart had ceased to beat. One of the girls stopped suddenly, peered through the gloom, and then, as rapidly as she dared on the un- Page 31 certain footing of the logs, advanced toward him. "Oh, Jimmie, I'm so glad that you're here to meet us. We've come up from Vancouver to surprise you. We were planning an excursion in Mr. Frazier's yacht, and someone, I guess it was I, thought it would be a great lark to see a real, live logging camp. So here we are. We can sleep aboard the yacht, you know, but I want to see your own quarters and your lumberjacks." Doing his best to play the part of the delighted host, McAndrews shook hands with Miss Dinwiddie, with whom he was well acquainted as the chum of the girl who was in his thoughts so much; with Miss Dinwiddie's young brother, and with Mr. Frazier, her fiancee. He was talking at random as the party carefully crossed the long log between the raft and the shore, and began to move up the hill. All he could think of was—"They'll think it's a stall—a frame-up. They'll think I'm so yellow that I had to call my girl to the rescue." "Aren't you glad to see me, Jimmie?" she asked him suddenly, when, after a moment, they happened to be walking a little apart from the others. "How could I help being, little girl?" he answered. "This has been such a big surprise that I can hardly talk, that's all." After they had "inspected the office to their satisfaction she turned to him with an air of briskness. "Now, Jimmie, of course I want to have a nice, long chat with you, but before that we must pay a visit to your men. It's only a few days before Christmas, you know, and we thought we'd bring them some little gifts, to be presented to them in your name. And we thought we'd have a little music, too. Alice plays the violin divinely, and Bob has brought her instrument. We'll sing some Christmas songs. I think it will be fine to make the men feel the Christmas spirit. Their lives must be hard enough. Let's go over now, so that—so that we'll be able to get back before it gets too late, dear. Just think, it's been nearly two weeks since we've seen each other." "Why, of course we'll go, Dora, oh, of course!" McAndrews laughed somewhat loudly. "But I'd better tell them first." He appeared in the bunk-house with a flushed face. "Men," he said, with a hesitation of manner that the lumberjacks had not seen before, "I've had some— some unexpected sruest A mom a em are two young ladies, and they want to come over here to introduce a little of the Christmas spirit. It's an odd place for it, under the circumstances, but we can't deny the ladies, you know. Don't think for an instant," he added, noticing the expression on the face of Mears, "that Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 19/0 I want to sidestep the business we have on hand. There will be no postponement. The Christmas spirit will come before the fight, that's all." The party entered the bunk-house, which had been hastily cleared of socks and shoes and other articles which were not decorative. The violin was laid upon the table, in the center of tbe long room, and Bob Denwiddie untied a large parcel, revealing an array of excellent pipes. Dora picked out one which was a trifle larger than the others, and, holding it up, looked brightly into the faces of the men. "These are just little Christmas gifts," she explained. "Your own sisters and mothers, those who are most dear to you are far away, and we thought we might be able to take their places, just for a moment, just a little bit. Which of you is Mr. Mears?" Mears squirmed in his chair, glanced toward the back door, and then rose with great awkwardness and embarassment Dora advanced toward him and placed the pipe in his inert hand. "Since you're the foreman, Mr. Mears," she said, with a charming smile, "you naturally receive the largest pipe. The manager of the company gave me your name, and I'm presenting the pipe with the compliments of Mr. McAndrews." Mears struggled for speech without success, and Dora, hastily picking up more pipes, turned quickly to the others, making each presentation with a little speech. "And here is a big jar of tobacco for everybody," she exclaimed in conclusion, "and I hope that these will be pipes of peace and contentment, and that you'll all have many happy returns of this beautiful Christmas season." Even the hook tender, the referee-to- be, was at a loss for words, and Miss Dinwiddie, who had been tuning her violin, swung into the strains of "My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean." Bob Dinwiddie chimed in. M r. Dinwiddie took up the air, and suddenly the full and mellow voice of Dora soared forth like a triumphant bird of song. New lights came into tbe eyes of these men of the woods. Old memories were being stirred. In a moment nearly all were singing. There was song after song. The violin, with sobbing notes, reached back to other days, and some of the men bung their heads. In buoyant tones it seemed to tell joyously of the future, and expressions of fresh hope came into these heavy faces. Above it always rose the appealing tones of Dora's voice, bespeaking the softness and sweetness of the world. When the party were leaving, McAndrews spoke hastily to Dora and Frazier. "You people go down to the yacht. I've got some important business here, and will join you just as soon as I can." Dora gazed at him wonderingly and reproachfully, but, seeing the intensely serious expression in his eyes, made no comment. He went hurriedly to the office, stripped to the waist, threw a coat over his shoulders, and returned to the bunk-house. Mears was waiting for him, ready. The table had been pushed aside, revealing the ring, marked off heavily with chalk. The seconds took their places. The referee announced the rules and adjusted the gloves for each man. "Take your places," he commanded. "Now, then, go to it." Mears swung, and McAndrews smilingly dodged the blow. He let the opening pass. The lumberman swung again, and McAndrews, ducking, tapped him lightly on the cheek. Mears drew himself up for a mighty blow, but seemed to hesi tate and the blow went harmlessly over McAndrews' shoulder. The latter, closely following the lumberman's eyes, saw them rest momentarily upon his new pipe, which was lying on the table, and then it came suddenly to the young man that the heart of his antagonist was not in this fight. He let Mears hit him on the neck, and found that the blow had little force. He danced around his man, driving in with a beautiful play of muscle, but with a lightness ibat could do no damage. The round ended without a scratch on either. There was no applause and no hissing. The spectators seemed to lack interest. The referee, while the men were sitting in their corners, made a couple of hasty, pondering turns across the ring, and then, stopping suddenly, held up his hand for attention. "Boys," he said loudly, "this here fight's a farce. Neither man wants to hurt the other. But we know that they're both good men, and I guess we're willin' to work along with 'em for the best interests of all. Am I right, boys?" There was a burst of applause. "Good. Then I declare this fight a draw. I think I kin say in addition that the real winner is the Christmas spirit." Mears was filling his pipe from the big bowl when McAndrews happened to pass him. "Hold on, McAndrews," he exclaimed gruffly. "I've had a grouch for a good while, but the doin's to-night has kind o' mellered me up. There needn't be no hard feelin's. We'll get the logs off on time." "Thanks, Mears," replied McAndrews. "I appreciate this." "That's all right," responded the foreman, "but don't take no credit to yourself. It' was that fine girl o' yours that done it." Industrial Progress in British Columbia The Fraser Valley Progressive Association is being organized by C. H. Stuart-Wade to advance the interests of the Fraser Valley. The Dominion Saw Mill Lumber Company has taken over all the interests of The Bowman Lumber Company, the Revelstoke Saw Mills Company, and the Yale Columbia Lumber Company, for a sum of money aggregating over two millions. The Dominion Government is completing three new fish hatcheries on Vancouver Island. The*"? are situated at Cowichan Lake, Anderson Lake, and Kennedy Lake, and will each have a capacity of about 8,000,000 fry. Plans have been drawn up for a hotel in Prince Rupert which will cost eighty thousand dollars, and will be one of the best equipped hotels of its size on the Pacific Coast. The Canadian Fisheries and Cold Storage Company has obtained a site of seventy-four acres on the Skeena River, near Prince Rupert, as the headquarters for its big salmon, halibut, herring, and codfish industry. A company with a capitalization of fifty thousand dollars has been organized by James Drummond, manager of the Victoria Fruit Exchange, for the establishment of a factory for the production of jams, evaporated fruits and preserves. The power plant of the Northern Light, Power and Coal Company, which will operate in the Yukon district, has been completed at a cost of about two million dollars. The power will be utilized chiefly in the development of quartz mining properties. It has been announced that the Idaho & Washington Northern Railway will begin next year to build north into Southern British Columbia, through the Salmon River Valley as far as Salmo, thence down the Beaver Valley to the city of Trail. This extension will play a big part in the development of one of the richest sections of the Province in mining, fruit growing, ranching, and grazing. 1910 OPPORTUNITIES r H. J. JENKINS PRESIDENT The Vancouver Trust Company Limited 614 Pender St. W., Vancouver, B. C. 'Vancouver Trust Building INSURANCE FIRE ACCIDENT § AUTOMOBILE EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY A General Trust Business Transacted Moderate Charges Efficient Service A Trust Company Assures Safety Kamloops, B. C.: KAMLOOPS-VANCOUVER TRUST COMPANY LIMITED V THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 The Kootenay Jam Company is making arrangements for a larger site because of the increased demand for Kootenay jams, and the increased supply of fruits available for this product. It has been announced that extensive coal territory on Graham Island at the northern end of the Queen Charlotte group, is about to be opened, and that this will mean the development of a section of country which will contribute greatly to the wealth of the Last West. Business men of Nelson and the West Kootenays in general are organizing for an aggressive publicity campaign, which will include an agency in London, for the purpose of getting into direct personal contact with progressive settlers and investors. The Quesnel Hydraulic Mining Company has undertaken a project to dam the Swift River in the mountains of Northern Caribou, and to carry the water over a mountain divide and across deep ravines, finally distributing it by a system of canals throughout their extensive hydraulic mining works. It has been announced by C. H. Cahan, president of the Western Canada Power Company* that the Stave Lake plant will be ready by the first of the year to supply about thirty thousand horse power for Vancouver, New Westminster and the surrounding country. The company has already spent about three million dollars on this plant. In the annual report of the Chilliwack Telephone Company, it is announced that the cost of extensions during the year brings the amount invested up to $31,000, and the net revenue has amounted to not less than 20 % on the capital invested. The E. & N. Railway Company has inaugurated a service on its branch line, extending from Victoria to Cameron Lake, about thirty miles north of Wellington. This will be an important factor in the development of Alberni and adjacent points. Five more whaling steamers are to be built for the Pacific Whaling Company in British Columbia. It is reported that the C. P. R. and G. T. P. contemplate adding four steamers to the British Columbia coast ser vice. Over the Salmon River, near Salmo, a bridge half a mile long is being constructed. The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway will build next spring in Victoria one of the finest hotels in the Dominion. The Kootenay Fruit Growers' Union has been organized to market the fruit product of the Kootenays. A bill will be introduced at the next session of the Provincial Legislature providing for a stock exchange in Victoria. The Ogilvie Milling Company, the largest flour and grain elevator corporation in the British Empire, is considering a project to erect a big flour mill and grain elevator "in Vancouver. Over 40,000 fruit trees were planted in the Creston District this year, and over 50,000 will be planted next year. Of this number far the greater majority are apple. Mr. Sinclair Chandler, director of the British Empire Bridge Works, has announced that his company, which is one of the largest of its kind in the world, will probably establish a plant in British Columbia, and will employ from five hundred to a thousand men. The progressive citizens of Rossland are contemplating an aggressive advertising campaign for the purpose of bringing to the attention of mining investors and the world at large the merits of mining properties in the district. A number of these properties require only capital and the right kind of development to contribute largely to the mineral production of the Province. A SWELLING TIDE OF CAPITAL By H. Goddard In England the Budget, with labor, socialistic and commercial unrest, has effectually stopped both the large and small capitalists from investment in real estate, and many enterprises. The land values in England are depressed an'l there is a complete stagnation in the property market. Owners are watching every opportunity to turn their holding-; into money, and when they succeed m this, the proceeds in a large degree, find their way to Canada and British Columbia. Vancouver has received much of this capital from the old country. This is to be expected, because, in my opinion, the metropolis of this Province presents more good investment opportunities than almost any other city in the world, outside of British Columbia. Vancouver has "come into her own." Her prosperity has a rock foundation, and can carry with profit a heavy, superstructure of investment. This, in proportion to her size, is likewise true of Victoria, and of others of the most progressive communities in British Columbia. Concurrently with sales of land in England, there is a marked tendency on the part of certain large land owners to invest in real estate in the Colonies. Lord Harrowby, who is just now in Canada, has been explaining that he purposes buying land in Western Canada; it is no secret that the Duke of Sutherland has property in the Dominion, and that the Duke of Westminster owns a large area in South Africa. In view of the great future which lies before Canada, it would not be surprising if some day the bulk of the peerage were to be settled here. With possibly no seat as of right in the House of Lords and English land taxed far beyond its capacity, it is quite within the bounds of possibility that those who are now great land owners may spend most of their time on their estates on this side of the world, going to London for three or four months in the season. The seat of Empire is ever shifting further west, and the future of Canada no man can divine. The one thing of which we can be sure, is that it must necessarily be a great future. How Steamboat Camp was Located The sun beat down relentlessly upon the sage brush desert of Humbolt County, Nevada, and yet Dan Greenwalt, prodding two burros, pushed steadily on. He was looking, as he had done since a boy of sixteen, for elusive gold. He found no gold, but at last he came in sight of what he thought was a deserted cabin. Upon entering it to camp for the night, he found that he was not alone. John Henderson, an old placer miner, was in the cabin. He had come to the Humbolt hills in search of placer gold. In relating that night over pipes the experiences of the past, Henderson said he had once been at the head of the Upper Skagit River, in British Columbia, where he had found some fairly good placer; but that the quantity of gravel was too limited to work profitably. Greenwalt suggested it was possible that the gold was from the quartz ledges above, and asked Henderson if he had prospected the ledges. "No," said Henderson, "I didn't have an outfit for quartz prospecting, and, besides, I never pros- 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 35 pected for quartz, though there are a number of big, strong ledges in the district, especially on Steamboat Mountain." Henderson gave Greenwalt a map showing how to get into the country, and of the creek which he had panned for placer. This was two years ago. Last spring Greenwalt secured the necessary capital, and started with W. A. Stevens to look for the creek. To find it was not an easy matter, as the mountains in the vicinity are very steep and rugged. Several times the two gold seekers thought they had come to the right stream, as they had secured good pannings from several of the small creeks, but none of these streams exactly answered Henderson's description. It was not until after the 15th of June, though the prospectors had been in the neighborhood for nearly a month, that they finally discovered Steamboat Creek. When they came upon the stream they found gold in its bed, and knew that it was the stream for which they had been hunting. They made camp at the foot of the mountain and began to prospect the ledges on either side of the creek systematically. They were in no hurry, because summer was just beginning, and in the valley were plenty of deer, and fish in the Skagit River. It was not until the 29th of June that they found the rich ledge from which the gold came. But there it was, close to the upper end of the creek. They wondered why they had not found it before. The water coming down the creek had * +< & <T> Famous Chocolates In handsome baskets, unexcelled for Christmas gifts. Order early. 740 ROBSONSTREET 438 GRHNVILLE STREET washed out a portion of the ledge eight feet wide, leaving the walls on either side standing almost upright. The next day they staked the Steamboat Group. • After taking a large number of samples, many of which showed free gold to the naked eye, they left camp for Vancouver, where they had the assays made, some of which went $4,000 to the ton. There was then no need for secrecy, and in a few days dozens, and then hundreds, were going to Steamboat Mountain to prospect. Among these were experienced prospectors, and not a few tenderfeet. The experiences of some of them were amusing as well as painful. Among those who went in first were S. A. Thompson, C. C. Grand, Alaska Jack, John Vincent, and B. A. Jennings. Perhaps Thompson and Grand had one of the most thrilling experiences of any. The second day out, after reaching the mountain, they located a rich ledge above and to the north of Stevens and Greenwalt. As it was getting late, they decided to take a short cut home, but in doing so they lost their way. A glacier confronted them, and in crossing, Thompson slipped and slid some forty or fifty feet. Had it not been for his prospect pick, which he dug into the ice as he shot along, he would have undoubtedly gone over the edge, fifteen hundred or two thousand feet below. In attempting to climb a steep mountain they came to an abrupt wall standing almost upright. This they found impassable, and in attempting to return found that also impossible, for night had overtaken them and a misstep might land them hundreds of feet below. The prospect of spending the night on the mountain side was far from alluring, in view of the fact that they had had nothing to eat since morning, were very thinly clad, and the night was bitter cold. In attempting to build a fire they discovered their matches were wet, so there was nothing to do but hold on until morning. Thompson finally made his way into camp about 1 o'clock the next afternoon, all but exhausted. He found Dan Greenwalt and B. A. Jennings, and told them as near as he could where his partner, Grand, was. Taking food and some prospector's delight along, they started out to find him, which they succeeded in doing after three or four hours' hunt. He was almost overcome by fatigue and hunger. After he had eaten he felt stronger, but had to be carried along the precipice inch by inch. After he had recovered his strength at camp, Grand said that no matter how rich his property turned out to be, he felt as though he had earned it. Steamboat Mountain was named thirty years ago, when, during the Ruby Creek excitement, a party of prospectors built a boat on the Upper Skagit River and started for the new diggings. After going some miles they struck a log jam and the boat went to pieces. This was just opposite the high, rugged mountain upon which now is located a hopeful mining camp. PORT MANN Phone 1506 Invest in acreage in the vicinity of the coming' Metropolis. I can sell you 4t9 acres close in at low figures of $650 per acre on terms over 5 years REMEMBER ! Delays are Dangerous W. J. COATES 429 PENDER ST. W. PHONE 2733 BURNABY D. L. 98, between Royal Oak and Highland Park stations. Quarter acres adjoining the Vancouver and New Westminster carline. Prices $500 and $550. -§- Cash, balance over 3 years to suit convenience of purchaser. These tracts are slashed, the land is exceedingly good, and the property is in the highest part of Burnaby. Merchants Trust & Trading Co., Financial Agents COR. PENDER AND BURRARD STS. VANCOUVER, B. C. THIS! AjSE OPPORTUNITIES IN 1TERT ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Vancouver Real Estate Activity One of the most important announcements in its bearing upon real estate and industrial progress in this section for some time, has been the one to the effect that the Canadian Pacific Railway has acquired in Coquitlam a block of land two miles in length and one and .1 half miles wide, for the round-houses, shops, ond freight sheds for the Pacific division. This has given rise to a strong demand for Coquitlam holdings, which had alreadj' doubled in value within a year, and now have received a most decided additional impetus. Another stimulating factor in the realty situation was an auction sale late in the month, of the C. P. R. subdivision adjoining Shaughnessy Heights. There was a large attendance of investors at the sale, and the prices obtained were surprising, even for Vancouver real estate. Some of the double corners on this ground, which has been merely slashed and not yet cleared, brought as much as $9,000. This indicates the great confidence that investors have in the future of Vancouver suburban realty. The real estate market has as its sustaining and compelling elements, the great building activity in the city; important municipal improvements, street railway extensions, False Creek improvements, the coming of the Grand Trunk Pacific and Canadian Northern railways to Vancouver; a proposed union station for the Great Northern and other railroads: the Second Narrows bridge between Vancouver and North Vancouver; new tram lines to surrounding municipalities; the movement for a greater Vancouver; increasing agricultural production; and, in general, the remarkable and continuing growth of Vancouver and British Columbia, The month has been marked by some of the biggest transactions yet recorded in the metropolis of the Province. The most conspicuous of these deals has been the sale of the Dominion Trust Building to English capitalists for a price which has been reported to be in the neighborhood of $1,000,000. The substantial character of real estate investment is indicated by the great activity in building. The Vancouver Conservatives have prepared plans for a magnificent ten-storey structure on the corner of Dunsmuir and Seymour Streets. Another addition to the growing list of big buildings in the city will be one of ten or twelve stories, which will be erected on the south side of Pender Street by the Commercial and Athletic Clubs. These clubs will occupy the upper floors, while the lower ones will be made into offices. It is said that this structure will cost several hundred thousand dollars. R. be The opening of the. B. C. tween New Westminster and Chilliwack has had a very beneficial effect on these two cities. Those who are in close touch with the real estate situation state that there is not the slightest doubt that here may be found some of the safest realty investments in the Province. These statements are substantiated by the fact that Chilliwack has a highly favorable situation for consistent development, and has behind it the solid backing of a productive agricultural country. Investment Opportunities in Victoria By D. C. Reid A new era is dawning in the business and realty situation of Victoria. The oldest city on the Pacific Coast, and the Capital of British Columbia, she has been known heretofore as a city of homes, her population staid and conservative in business and exceedingly wealthy per capita. During the past four years her population has increased from thirty thousand to fifty thousand or sixty thousand. Perhaps no better example of the spirit of the new Victoria can be given than to illustrate the keen business foresight of some of her leading business citizens by reciting what took place after the big fire on the 26th of October, when two of the leading department stores, together with about thirty other business firms, were entirely destroyed, with a total loss estimated at $600,000. Before the fire had ceased to smoulder one of the leading firms had purchased the second largest hostelry in the city, with an entire frontage on View Street from Broad to Douglas, on which stood the Driard Hotel and the Victoria Theatre, which they immediately converted into a store, and were open for business and selling goods while the ruins were still smoking. For some time the idea of extending View Street from Broad to Government Street, now the principal street of the city, had been mooted, but this had never been taken up seriously until the fire had removed the barrier and opened up the way.. The citizens have been alive to this opportunity, and there is every indication that the project will be carried out. Although expansion in the Dusiness area was inevitable, yet the present activity in the real estate situation really emanated from this source, which naturally enhanced values along the thoroughfare. During the last month there has been keen competition for the premier business locations. This competition has rapidly spread throughout the business section generally, with the result that prices have been increasing almost daily. We naturally ask the question: "Is there any justification for this keen buying and enhancement in values?" and to this we say "Yes," and offer our reasons. It is a fact that all properties, both business and residential, are cheaper than in any other city of the same size in Western Canada. While properties have increased in value during the past five years, the increase has not been so rapid as in other Western cities. Residential lots can be purchased from $250 to $3,000, of sizes varying from fifty to sixty feet frontage, with a depth of 120 feet, having the benefit of all modern improvements. The highest price paid for choice business lots is $3,000 per front foot, which can hardly be taken as a basis of value. While the choice lots on Government Street are held at $2,500 per front foot, this is due to the fact that the business section is confined to a very small area, but must expand to make way for the development which is about to take place. As one who has had the privilege of living in many provinces of the Dominion, with a residence of five years in Victoria, I can safely say that there is not a city in Canada which offers like attractions as a residential city on account of natural scenic attractions and climatic conditions. Victoria to-day is on the eve of one of the greatest industrial and business developments that has visited any Western city in years. The opportunity for investment of capital in legitimate en- (Continued on Page 43) 1910 OPPORTUNITIES PROSPECT TUNNEL OF GLADSTONE MOUNTAIN MINE Portland Canal Mining According to authorities, the comparatively recent discoveries of rich ore in the Portland Canal mining section of British Columbia will mean a heavy increase in the wealth of British Columbia and fortunes for individuals who are interested in good mining properties in this district. Portland Canal is an inland waterway one hundred miles in length, extending from Dixon's Inlet at the City of Prince Rupert, to Stewart, one of the newest and most promising of the mining camps in this Province of wonderful natural resources. . The canal is from a quarter to half a mile in width, is navigable to the largest vessels, and offers a very advantageous means of transportation, at low rates, for the ore which is now being uncovered in this section. This important advantage in mining, in combination with the strong mineral showing, indicates a highly prosperous future for the district and its mine owners. D. D. Mann, the leading spirit in the big project of extending the Canadian Northern Railway to Portland Canal, recently said that he expected to make more money from his mining properties* in the neighborhood of Stewart than he did from his railroad. The wide spread attention which the district is receiving is due, of course, to the rich ore on the leading properties. One of these is now owned by the Mount Gladstone Mining Company, recently chartered under the stringent Companies Act of British Columbia, which became a law in July, 1910. The company is composed of citizens of high standing in Vancouver and vicinity. In acquiring their property, which is situated just across the Bear River from Stewart, these gentlemen have obligated themselves to purchase the claims outright from their original holder, F. A. Scott, and have also obligated themselves to place in the treasury $15,000 as a working fund for the development of the big ledges. They are spending their own money to demonstrate the value of the property. Only upon the strength of such demonstration do they expect to ask the co-operation of the investing public. To a certain extent the ledges have already been developed by the elements. When the snow has thawed in the spring it and rain have come down from above, and have carried away the soft surface to a degree that has exposed the main ledge for a distance of nearly two thousand feet. This ledge has an average width of about fourteen feet, and carries consistent values of $24.00. a ton \p. gold, silver and lead. The pay streak already un covered is about three feet wide, and shows, at a depth of twelve feet, average values of $57.95 to the ton. The development of the property will be under the supervision of a highly competent mining engineer. The syndicate heads of this proposition are composed of Messrs. E. W. Leeson, of Lee- son, Dickie & Gross; J. D. McNeill, Great Northern Transfer Co.; R. G. Chamberlain, Chief of Police; McLellan & Savage, barristers; Wm. Haight, capitalist; F. W. Leeson, capitalist; Wm. Currie, capitalist; Bishop, Gaskell & Co.; R. D. Rorison & Son; His Worship L. D. Taylor, Mayor of Vancouver; Chas. E. Reid, N. G. Blachfield, W. A. Rutherford, E. S. Knowlton, E. C. Townsend, F. D. Gross, A. N. Daykin, C. L. Gordon, C. A. Crysdale, Jas. Mackenzie, all of Vancouver; His Worship Jas. A. Lees, Mayor of New Westminster; E. W. Gilchrist, and T. S. Annandale, also of New Westminster; Lawrence Manson, Nanaimo; Arnold D. Keeley, Esq., ex-Mayor of North Vancouver; Henry T. Thrift, White Rock. The company was organized and is being financed by the Sutcliffe Investment Co. of California, and 317 Pender Street, Vancouver, B. C. The Sutcliffe Investment Company issues a regular market letter, which will keep you posted on late developments of British Columbia mines and California oil. This will be mailed to your address regularly and free for the asking. Z£ Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 Opportunity Awaits in Richlands The Richlands country is said by those who have devoted much time to careful investigations of it, to offer advantages for fruit raising which are unexcelled anywhere and equalled in very few sections of the continent. Here are extracts from a couple of letters which speak for themselves. They were written by men who have high standing as authorities on fruit growing in British Columbia: Kelowna, B. C, Sept. 29th, 1910. Messrs. Melhuish, Kirchner & Co., 800 Granville Street, Vancouver, B. C. Gentlemen: Referring to my recent visit to Rich- lands, B. C, I can say that Richlands offers one of the great opportunities to- eration for its climate and altitude, which mean heavy bearing and long life to fruit trees. The production of the above mentioned standard apples is equally as profitable as the Transcendent crabs, and because of the comparatively cheap land there, the total absence of insect enemies, and a soil so well adapted to fruit production, offers splendid inducements for the intelligent fruit grower. Its rich soil, besides producing crops of fruit, will produce the small fruits such as strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries and currants, which are characterized by high flavor and color. Unusual quantity and quality in grains and vegetables are also obtained at Rich- lands. Richlands possesses a panorama of in- A RICHLANDS FARM SCENE day for the fruit grower. The section possesses a large area of bench land, instead of deep gullies and gulches usually found at the foot of mountain ranges. There are many miles of light, rich, friable soil, wonderfully clear of stones and bedrock, with no more timber on it than any purchaser would desire for farm buildings, fuel and fences. It has a favorable elevation for fruit growing, and is peculiarly adapted to the production of the "Mcintosh Red," "Wealthy," "Jonathan," and summer and fall apples as well as the Transcendent crabs and hardy pears. It will undoubtedly prove, on account of its mountain protection, absolutely free from codling moth and other insect pests. The absence of the codling moth makes it possible to sell the Transcendent crabs in the Eastern markets at a very good profit to the fruit grower. Because of this fact the market for crabs is sure to increase as the production increases the profits to be made in growing crab apples can easily be seen. Richlands deserves immediate consid- describable beauty. Scatteied along are well tilled ranches, extending over foothills to the pineclad mountains, For about a dozen years fruit has been successfully raised here, and is no longer an experiment. The section is ideal for homes, being unexcelled in healthfulness because of its ideal altitude, pure mountain air, and abundance of pure mountain water. To prospective settlers here, unprecedented opportunities are offered in abundance. The former isolation of this district has left to this generation a flood of chances for home, independence, and prosperity. I am, very truly yours, R. T. HESELWOOD. Vernon, B. C, July 29th, 1909. Dear Sir: I have just returned from the Rich- lands subdivision at Cherry Creek, having spent the past three days making a preliminary examination of the country with a view to installing a system of irrigation there. This makes my third trip there and you would no doubt be pleased to hear my opinion of the land and its possibilities for fruit growing. I may say that the more I see of the country the more favorably it impresses me as being one of the finest fruit growing valleys in the Okanagan District. The soil is wonderfully rich, being a heavy leaf mould on the surface with a very deep volcanic ash and silt subsoil, which cannot be excelled for fruit raising, as you are aware. The country in the valley is almost flat, there being just sufficient slope to insure good drainage and to facilitate irrigation operations. As to irrigation, there is ample water in Fall Creek to irrigate the whole tract and provide water for domestic purposes as well. There is no reason why the water should not be put on the land ready for next year's planting. I feel assured that the Cherry Creek District will prove one of the very finest apple districts in British Columbia, while cherries, plums or prunes should do equally as well, in addition to all the smaller fruits. You have a first class proposition in the Rich- lands subdivision and I predict that in a A RICHLANDS ROAD 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 The Opportunity of the Hour A Wealth-producing Apple Orchard will make you lndepen dent for Life Call or write today, and we will show you by proven facts and figures that you will be assured of an annual revenue of at least $3000 from one of our ten-acre blocks of irrigated fruit land in our famous RICHLANDS SUBDIVISION in the Okanagan Valley, and it only costs you $i25o FOR A io-ACRE BLOCK; CASH $3oo, BALANCE OVER 2 YEARS YOU RUN NO RISKS. Richlands is pronounced by experts to be the choicest apple valley in the Okanagan, on account of its situation, the wonderful qualities of its soil, and its perfect irrigation system ; and mind you we will plant your trees and look after your orchard until it is revenue-producing at cost, if you wish it. Richlands is a commercial investment, not a real estate speculation. Fruit lands in the famous Wenatchee Valley and Hood River District cannot be-bought under $2000 per acre, and it is safe to say that your ten-acre orchard will be worth at least $1500 when revenue producing, and will show you an annual income of at least $3000. It costs you nothing to investigate this exceptional opportunity to make yourself independent for life, which is within the means of everybody. Call or write to-day. MELHUISH, KIRCHNER & CO. 8oo GRANVILLE ST. RICHLANDS DEPT. PHONE 438 Salmon, Bear River Mining Company, Ltd. Non-Assessable 570 Granville Street '■$- I VANCOUVER, B. C. A ground floor proposition in one of the richest properties in the Portland Canal District. 100,000 shares in the Salmon, Bear River Mining Co., Ltd. are now offered at the very low price of 5^ cents per share. The Company is capitalized at $1,000,000.00 divided into 4,000,000 shares of a par value of 25 cents each. 2,200,000 shares have been given the original owners in payment for the properties. 1.800,000 shares have been placed in the treasury to be sold to acquire money necessary for developing aud equipping the property. The Company owns three first class properties in the Portland Canal District. A series of open cuts were made on a 15 ft. vein which exposed large bodies of ore in paying quantities. A very rich strike of gold and native silver running over $2,000.00 to the ton, was recently made on one of the Company's properties. Buy before prices advance Excellent Properties. Responsible Directors. Conservative Management. Write for prospectus. Application for Shares may be made to : GILL & CASEMENT 439 RICHARDS STREET Phone 2939 VANCOUVER, B. C. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 TWO LETTERS: Moncton, Ont., October 6th, 1910. To G. A. BARRETT: Dear George: It is now over twenty years since you and I first played checkers together in the old farm house in Logan. You have wandered over a lot of the earth since, and have done well, I am glad to say, you always were a worker, and certainly deserve all you get. I have never strayed from the old place, but have done my best in the old beaten paths, and done pretty well, too. The whole thing is pretty much like playing checkers, sometimes winning a game, and sometimes losing, but I always was a pretty good player, and so have won more than I have lost. Now, George, I want to invest some of my winnings in Vancouver, and know I can leave it all to you. Let me know the best you have and how much you need to swing it. I shall likely come out there in a year or two, and we may yet have a friendly game. Yours till then, BOB. SMITH. This is only a part of Bob's letter, but s enough for the purpose. Below is my answer. What I said to him, I say to you. Moreover, I will say this: I will personally give $1,000 to any charitable institution, if any one can find ONLY ONE possible chance that the proposition I have outlined to my friend, and now to you, can fail to bring safe and big returns. I do not expect you to take my word as my old friend did, but I do ask you for your own sake as well as mine to look into this BEFORE PUTTING A DOLLAR INTO ANYTHING ELSE, AND REMEMBER, I OFFER $1,000 FOR A CHANCE OF FAILURE. My Dear Bob: Vancouver, B. C, Nov. 1st, 1910. It is so long since I have heard from you that I had to think awhile to get you in place. (Here follows a lot of matter referring to by-gone days). I am sending you a proposition regarding our Company. I may say we have so wrapped our proposition up in money making assets that it cannot fail. The way it started was like this. Some chap on the United States side of the line invented a Sleeping Car as much better than a Pullman than a Pullman is better than a box car. Just think, ihey had 154 patented improvements over the BEST PULMAN CAR OF TO-DAY. I will tell you one. You may then realize partly what they must all mean: THE CAR IS ABSOLUTELY DUST PROOF, AS DUST PROOF AS YOUR WATCH. This one thing, would make the car famous. Well, these chaps came to Vancouver looking for a place to locate and some of the best men in the city took the thing up, and built a model, iwo-thirds the full size, and it is all we thought it would be. PRESIDENT HAYS, of the GRAND TRUNK, HAS PROMISED TO PULL OUR CARS, AS FAST AS WE MAKE THEM. Our Company is called THE IMPERIAL CAR, SHIPBUILDING & DRY DOCK CORPORATION, LIMITED. Well, to make things perfectly safe, the Company bought 500 acres of land right on the waterfront, close to the city for less than a million dollars, and now it is worth nearly three millions. The Company then applied to the Dominion Government for a subsidy to build a 15,000 ton Dry Dock, and they succeeded in getting over a million dollars payable so much every year. This has all been done, and the agreement between the Government will be signed November 16th, so you see we cannot fail when we have the Dominion of Canada practically paying the interest on all our liabilities for the next twenty-five years. In about three years' time, when all our ship yards and car works are in full blast, employing possibly three or four thousand men, and the Dry Dock is built, beside many other industries located along our 6,500 feet of waterfrontage, we will begin to sell our land in city lots for thousands of dollars where they cost only dollars. When all the townsite is sold off in that way, we shall begin to sell the waterfrontage and easily get a thousand dollars a foot when it cost us hardly anything in comparison. The Pullman Company has paid in the last twelve years $187,000,000 in dividends. There is no reason why we cannot even do better than they have, for we are in the Great West. We are backed up by the Government, and have a BETTER car than they ever dreamed of HAVING. Still, if we do ONE-TENTH as well, it will be better than anything else we could put our brains and money into. Our stock is $100 par value, but until New Year's we are selling for $50 per share. Once off the market it will sure run up to $110.00 per share. Get in for as much as you can, not less than $5000,00 anyway, for you are as sure of this doubling up in a short time as anything can possibly in this world. The Company does not want to sell more than fifty shares to one man, but I will see that an exception is made in your favor. I am sending you an application form, which you can fill out. You can pay one-third cash, and the balance three and six months at six per cent. Hoping I may see the old place again some day, I am, as ever, GEORGE A. BARRETT. This is my answer to my friend, and what I say to him, I say to everyone. Take some of this stock while you can get it. It is the best investment you could possibly go into. To everyone who will read these letters, and will ring up, call, or drop a card, I will mail free, a copy of the "Search Light," a semi-monthly magazine, full of bright, up-to-date, well written articles, that will be found both interesting and instructive. Imperial Car, Shipbuilding & Drydock Corporation, Ltd. Phone 1259 or 485 Head Office: 282 Hastings Street East IMPERIAL CAR, SHIPBUILDING & DRYDOCK CORPORATION. Please allot me shares of the IMPERIAL CAR, SHIPBUILDING & DRYDOCK CORPORATION, LIMITED, at the price of Fifty Dollars per share, for which I enclose 33 1-3 per cent, of full amount of shares asked for, and agree to pay balance in two equal quarterly payments, with interest at 6 per cent, per annum. NAME ADDRESS OCCUPATION Make all cheques payable to Imperial Car, Shipbuilding & Drydock Corporation, Ltd. THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 41 We are B. C. Agents for the following well known Cars: Chalmers Overland Pope-Hartford Locomobile This makes a range of Cars to suit all buyers, from the two-passenger runabout at $1,275, to the big touring ear at $6,500 Write us for particulars or call and get a demonstration WEST END GARAGE (0. Ltd. 924 Granville St VANCOUVER, B.C. The Great West Light Co., Ltd. Hollow Wire and Tube Systems Makers of the Famous Highlow Gasoline Lamps 50' HASTINGS ST., EAST P. O. Box 1401 Vancouver, B. C. The Dust less Floor Brush Should be used in every Home, Store, Church and School. Write W. CARTER 44 BROAD WA Y W. VA NCO U VER few years' time one of the most prosperous fruit growing communities in British Columbia will be located here. No one who sees the vallej' can help but be pleased with it, and after careful inspection of all points, I am enthusiastic over the future possibilities of the Richlands subdivision as a fruit growing centre. Yours faithfully, NOEL HUMPHREY, B. C. Land Surveyor. A ten-acre block of irrigated fruit land in Richlands, planted in commercial apple trees, will show a revenue of at least $3,000 net per year, while the outlay until the trees begin to produce and twenty-four months at six per cent. While his orchard is maturing he can obtain all the work he wants at $2.50 a day. In five years his revenue will be at least $3,000 a year, with increasing returns as the trees grow older. As to the present development at Rich- lands, there are seventy settlers in the valley, and by spring there will be over two hundred. Over $150,000 worth of the property has already been sold. The irrigation system is the best that science and money can produce, and has cost over $70,000. Trees to the number of 50,000 have been ordered for spring delivery. A good school has been established. The saw mill is working overtime. A large acreage is ready for next THE RICHLANDS FARMING COUNTRY revenue, should not exceed $2,500 spread over five years. If you cannot give your orchard personal attention, it will be looked after until it produces revenue by expert horticulturists at absolute cost. The man who wants to live on his ground can purchase a ten-acre block for $1,250, with a cash payment of $300, and the balance in six, twelve, eighteen year's planting. Wood pipe to the extent of 13,000 feet is ready for shipment into Richlands. The community is already a hive of industry, and promises within a few years to become the most noted apple valley in the Okanagan District. There is plenty of work for everybody. Richlands is a valley of opportunities. TELEPHONES i ^7 G.O.George Successor to T. e. HICKS HaeKs On the Stand Day and Night OFFICE : 413 RICHARDS STREET Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Show Card Writing Designs and Specifications for Steel and Concrete Duilatngs Drawings for Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives John Matthews late of New Era Renovators Phone L4045 BROWN & MATTHEWS CLEANERS AND DYERS Dry Cleaning a Specialty Prices on Application Club Rates $2.50 per month 534 AND 536 BROADWAY WEST F 1 j G. R. NADEN CO., Ltd. [ Prince Rupert, B. C a I Mines, Stocks and Real Estate. Farm Lands X in the Skeena, Bulkley and Kispiox Valleys . •*.«.. •— •..•*.«..•.• •« •«•«-•- •—♦*♦ THEEB ABB OPPORTUNITIES IM IT ERY ONE OP OVB ADVERTISEMENTS Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 KEREMEOS APPLES Were PRIZE WINNERS at the First Canadian National Apple Show Recently held in Vancouver, B. C. Continuous Sunshine, Abundant Water Supply Richness of Soil All coutribute to make KEREMEOS the ideal Residential and Fruit Growing District of the Province. Secure a Ten Acre Lot while they are to be had. We will plant and take care of it for you, or if you wish to take over the care of it yourself you can derive a splendid income from growing small fruit and vegetables until trees come into bearing. Adopt the ideal life and become a fruit grower. Write us for particulars and we will tell you what a little money and industry can do in KEREMEOS. p. ' f | | KEREMEOS LAND CO., LIMITED KEREMEOS, B. C. THESE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 43 WE ARE SPECIALISTS IN Portland Canal Stocks 1 i AND CAN GIVE YOU FULL INFORMATION ON ANY COMPANY OPERATING IN THAT DISTRICT. DAILY QUOTATIONS RECEIVED. N. B. MAYSMITH & CO., LTD. [ VICTORIA, B. C. \ MEMBERS PACIFIC COAST STOCK EXCHANGE , Offices : Victoria, B. C, Vancouver, B. C., Stewart, > B. C, Nanaimo, B. C, Seattle, Wash. ^..»...........••■..■.•..... ................ .••..•-••.•"•.••~»~«~».. •«.$♦ The PORTLAND Mrs, Baker, Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot ana cola water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B, C, >|i.«..»,.»1.»..»..»..»..>..»..»..»^« ...............^« . Steam Heat, Gas, Electric Light, Telephone Hot and Cold Running'Water in Each Room THE NEW TOURIST, 107 CORDOVA ST. THE ANGELES, 927 WESTMINSTER AYE. VANCOUVER, B. C. .%.......................» ■••••••••■••••••••••••. ••••«$« G. W. ARNOTT ft CO. 1{ea1 Estate and Insurance Drawer 1539 <** Prince Rupert Splendid Opportunities for Investors I ■■•*.■.....-«.■......«.■...»................................................,,£. Stanley Park Stables Your impressions of Vancouver—the "Sunset Cily"—will be made all the more lasting- by seeing- the City and magnificent Stanley Park in one of our comfortable HACKS, BROUGHAMS, VICTORIAS, SURREYS, OR CARRIAGES, Stanley Park Stables, ALEMxAffi"ELL VANCOUVER. B. C. Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 JNO. JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain. Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. Victoria Investments ( Continued from Page j6j terprises is unexcelled. The population is increasing rapidly, the hotels have found it necessary to expand in order to accommodate the influx of population, which is true of every point on Vancouver Island. More hotels are needed, as well as apartment houses, retail stores, etc. Let us consider a few of the projects already in sight. The British Columbia Electric Railway is now constructing their new power plant at Jordan River at a cost of a million and a half, which will give sufficient power to extend their lines throughout the city, as well as their proposed extension throughout the Saanich Peninsula. The building of the Grand Trunk Pacific Hotel, the construction of the Canadian Northern Railway, which will open up a large area of timber and agricultural lands in the southern part of the Island tributary to the city; the settlement of the Songhees Indian Reserve; the establishment of the Canadian Fleet at Esquimalt; the building of large drydocks at that point; the proposed business blocks now under consideration, and the improvements which have already been passed by the Victoria City Council, in extending streets and pavements, means an outlay of something like $15,000,000, which is already in sight, to say nothing of new projects which have yet to come to light. Victoria will easily hold her place as the second city in British Columbia in point of population, and easily hold her place as the premier city as regards wealth. She offers to-day, perhaps, the greatest opportunity for investment of capital to be found in Western Canada. Phone 1584. P. O. Box 880 Fire, Burglar''Proof and Manganese Victor Safes Vault Doors, and Safety Deposit Boxes WESTERN CANADIAN AGENT E, G, PARNELL " THE SAFE MAN" 513 HAMILTON STREET VANCOUVER, - - B. C. PANTORIUM Tailoring Phone 1823 Renovating Suits Sponged and Pressed for 50c. ) One trial will make you a regular customer. ( L313 Gamble St, Vancouver, B. C, > *£♦••••••••••••••••#« •••••••• *l>SI+ll»M»M»ll«"»»t$> Mrs. J. E. Elliott -••■H.V.. I Hand-made Goods a Specialty | The most Ip-to-Date Store i • For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear | and everything needful for • Infants and Children. i I Phone R3I3 j 1 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. I A... ' J. S. N. SEMPLE PRACTICAL HORSESHOER All kinds of Imperfect Gaits Rectified. TROTTING SHOES AND RUNNING PLATES a Specialty. OrossfiringIInterfering and Forging Stopped without fail by Latest Improved Methods. Special Attention given to Contracted Feet and Lameness. PHONE No. 1367 Address : 662 SEYMOUR ST. rrxuiJTJTJTJTxiJTJijTnjTrxruT^ HENRY CROFT H. G. ASHBY 5 ? Assoc. Mem. Inst. C. E. \ r. . , | M. Inst. Mech. E. J Holland h Notary Public 5 Cable Code: BEDFORD MACNEIL Cable Address: CRAS, Vancouver Telephone 5937 CROFT & ASHBY REAL ESTATE, TIMBER MINES, GOAL LANDS 150,000 acres Cariboo District 86,000 acres Ominica District 40,000 acres Cariboo District 7,680 acres Powell lake, 90 miles from Vancouver 5,000 acres Rupert District, Vancouver Island 6,400 acres Nechaco District CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED 5 Room 5. Winch Bidg. Vancouver, B. G. 5 a\i\s\s\i\i\rii\s\s\riT\s\T\s\ru\i\s\s\i\i\si\i\. THEBS ABB OPPORTUNITIES OT ETEEY ONE OP OVB ADVERTISEMENTS Page 44 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 KERRISDALE FffiCTS The school grounds comprise 10 acres, (Have you a boy?) The carfare is only 5c. The distance from the Post Office is only 4 miles. VVatermains will be laid in 5 months. Fine lots can be bought by paying $ 100 down, balance over 2 years, or if you want an acre send in your name at once as I propose to cut up 5 acres in acre blocks. (Acre blocks are scarce.) APPLY ROOM 4 32 GRANVILLE ST. H. W. WINDLE VANCOUVER, B. C. ^M»l«l^»>«»HMtlHM|l.tMt»tHt<H|ll>««lltll>ll|»|ll>Htll«« .%..»..»..»..». ■ WOODWORKERS LIMITED WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of building material. Office and Factory : 2843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIA, B. C. ^.•.....•..•..•..•.....•.....•... .......•»•»•. .»..»..»..».. ..»..»..»..»..»..»., '»•■»"»'■»•■»■»»■■«■■ »"»M>«.«">"»M»II»H>"«M»M«<»<M»M»M»M»M»II». .»■■»■■» .■».■»..»■! BULLEN & LAMB LATE BULLEN PHOTO CO. The Leading* House for Commercial and Architectural Photography Amateur Finishing and Enlarging. Picture Framing 743 PENDER STREET WEST, 2 Doors from Orpheum Theatre PHONE 4018 Individuality in Your Printing n When your work is executed in our shop, it is not just a collection of ink, paper and type, but a designed job, the work of experienced men, and produced in a brand new, up-to-date plant. WESTERN SPECIALTY LIMITED Office Equippers :: 314 Pender Street, VANCOUVER Buy in GULF OF GEORGIA TERRACE, POINT GREY Nothing beats it for View and as a Homesite. Terms over 4 years. MOLE & KEEFER, Point Grey Specialists 1065 Granville St., Phone 7020 >»«~»~«~«..»..»..»..«..«.. »•«.»■■>■■■■■>»■■■»■•>..»»■»■■»■»».♦ For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist j John M. Chappell } Room 2, 443 Pender Street 1 Owners ate requested to list all Point Grey property with me «•">">■■>■»»■•••»•"■">"•■«>">.»■.' ..••.«..•..•..•..•.. A New TYPE WRITER for $22.00 The New " BENNETT " Portable Typewriter is the latest in Writing Machines. It is guaranteed for one year, is visible writing, has standard keyboard of 84 characters and is a PRACTICAL TYPEWRITER for the many who need it and the thousands who ARE BUYING IT. Its full efficiency, durability and portability, at such a moderate price, makes it at once everyone's machine. Send for free catalogue and sample of work. Address: ROY C. HERRICK, Representative ARMSTRONG, B. C. ►••—•■'•"•■■•"•■••-•—•■'•■■<">tl^H<H<">H<..>.l<H>..#..g..g.»>.l>M>l.<>l#W>ll^ll^llgll>» ^ .*.••••••.••.•».•••#.••.< 'r»ii«i.«M>ii>ii»iitila<l»i1tii»1i»iit.i>M>i.»..».i».i»n»n»ii»ii>i.»ii>ii»ii>ntiin.»inii>m,i>w •..«..•-•■'I* CASCADE M e ^eez without a Peez i|m'H"«'H.«n|i'|ii«n|i.t»».«->« '■»■■»■■»■■»■.»..»..«.! "W**w**w**»**w**B**w**WM»***'*W**»*****W**w'***,»i*»f'***w**w,'#,*w**^M THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 45 \ \ % m / **ZL A LIFETIME OF I % EASY SHAVING FOR ONE DOLLAR! This new Smith Razor Hone has won over 400;> delighted purchasers in. the City of Vancouver alone, during the last three months—a convincing protf of its worth to the man who shaves himself. Men with tough, wiry beards; men with tender faces, and men who worry the best barber while shaving them, are writing us every day of the smooth, easy home shaves they are having, now they can hone their own razors. THE SMITH PERFORATED RAZOR HONE is the only hone made that can be used successfully by the ord inary man. No matter how dull the razor may be, a few strokes over this hone will quickly bring the edge up into perfect shaving condition. Get one of these hones at your local druggist or hardware store. If he hasn't any send us his name, and one dollar, and we will send you one bj7 mail. If you are not satisfied that it is worth a great deal more to you at the end of 30 days, return it and we will cheerfully refund your dollar. READ WHAT THESE MEN SAY The hone is all you claim for it; I am entirely satisfied. (Signed) Frank Schiffer, Hilton, B. C. Your Perforated Hone really does make shaving' easy ; and as I am hard to shave, I feel more than satisfied. (Signed) D. Weir, North Bend, B. Ci I am much pleased with your hone, as I find it superior to any I have previously used (Signed) A. A. Cliff, Wellington, B. C. Your Hone is all you claim for it; I can now shave in comfort. (Signed) R. E. C. Hooper, Broker, Vancouver, B. C. Send for one to-day. Don't let & dollar stand between you and an easy shave. Address: The SMITH PERFORATED RAZOR HONE CO. 838 Homer Street VANCOUVER, B. C. Your business ability is often judged by the appearance of your correspondence. If you want neat, accurate stenographic work, call or phone The Exchange Typewriting and Bookkeeping Company Public Stenographers 63 Exchange Building Phone 6229 MY SPELLING IS CORRECT, MY PUNCTUATION ACCURATE and MY TYPEING CAREFULLY DONE Legal Work a Specialty A Trial will Convince WINN I FRED McKAY PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER 504-5 Crown Building Vancouver, B. C [S your correspondence accurately -■- written; is the spelling and punctuation correct ? I f it is not, give me a trial and we will both be satisfied. MISS SOMMERV1LLI PL'BLk STENOC.RAPF Room 7(H» Bower B'ldg. Phone 1014 THERE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERT ONE OP OTJR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 46 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 THINKI what a beautiful Residential Section POINT GREY is BOUND to become in the very near future HERE is an opportunity which is certain ; there is no speculation in buying1 well positioned lots here, the future is assured, and buying- to-day at the following figures must therefore, surely be a sound and desirable investment. We are selling splendid high building lots entirely cleared up, every stump taken out, overlooking the Country Club and golf links and near car line, at I $75 O and up. Terms: one quarter cash, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Make yourself a Christmas present of one of these and you will not regret it. . A. E. AUSTIN & CO. BROKERS 328 Granville St,, Vancouver, B. C. The Canadian Century is now presenting a series of articles on British Columbia, following out its policy of giving attention to every section of the Dominion. These will be followed by other descriptive articles of the Great West. Tfye Century § gives each week illustrated articles of timely worth, bright fiction by Canada's best known authors, illustrated by the best Canadian artists, discussions of important national questions by the leaders of thought and action in Canada and illustrations of Dominion happenings. Katherine Hale's Woman's department is unusually bright and informing. The weekly article on finance attracts Dominion-wide attention. A SAMPLE COPY ON REQUEST The Canadian Century MONTREAL At all News-stands By the year $2.00 w. sv ^ tester & von W*5^ OFFICIAL AGENTS OF The British Columbia Homes Trust, Ltd. The Warburnitz Piano House, Ltd. REPRESENTATIVES IN EUROPE Deutch-Amerikanische Handelsges, Berlin N W 7, Mittelstrasse, 23. Herr H. von Soeder, Hamburg, Amsterdamm, 63. BRANCH OFFICES 1132 Granville Street, Vancouver, B. C. (Phone 4595) 443 Lonsdale Avenue, North Vancouver (Phone 114) Cables: "Warburnitz," Vancouver ABC Code, 5th Edition Head Offices : 411 PENDER STREET, VANCOUVER. B. C. Telephone 5522 * Second Narrows Bridge Will be Built at Once LOTS IN D. L. 204 We have exclusive sale of a large number in the locality at the right price. Get in on the low price and wait development, which is guaranteed. Commercial Brokerage 341 Cambie Street Phone 7284 SOUTH VANCOUVER THE IDEAL RESIDENCE DISTRICT $50 cash buys a homesite within three blocks of the Grandview car line. This is your opportunity. GRASP IT INVESTORS LAND CO. 314 Cambie Street Phone 2828 Vancouver, B. C. Open Evenings THEBB ARE OPPORTUNITIES IV EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 1910 OPPORTUNITIES Phone 8132 Mines at Steamboat, B.C. DAN GREENWALT, Sec-Treas. Steamboat Mountain Gold Mines Limited (NON-PERSONAL LIABILITY) HEAD OFFICE Room 7IO Bower Building, 543 Granville Street I Vancouver, B. C. This Company owns the discovery claims located by Greenwalt and Stevens on Steamboat Mountain. Stock in this Company may be obtained while it lasts. If ISot over four thousand or not less than two hundred to any one person. C. D RAND, Fiscal Agent 450 Granville Street VANCOUVER, B. C. M THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OF OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 48 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 m W' "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory I" Zbe progressive Brokerage, TinanciaJ and Industrial Tirms and Institutions of British Columbia* Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN ft CO. Real Estate and Insuranoe. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Real Estate Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. E. C. B. BAGSHAWE ft CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLEINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 240a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. JOHN M. CHAPPBLL Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTHIE & WISHART Real Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. FRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD ft SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone 3202 329 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. LEONARD & RBID Real Estate and Fire Insurance Mining Properties In Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. Tel. 5852 GOODYEAR & MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 106 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C. GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insuranoe, Commission Agts. Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN ft AFPLETON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. EASLETT ft WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. EINKSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. P. MoncreifC P. E. Townshend W. P. MONCREIFP ft CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT ft FELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. 8. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. £ Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert: THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. FATTULO ft RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707% Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. CHAS. L. PARKER Broker and Commission Agent Suite 50-51, 429 Pender St. Phone 3859 - VANCOUVER, B. C. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH ft SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith. W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH ft ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 Phone 1743 P. H. SEABROOK ft CO. Real Estate and Timber Phone 4043 316 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT ft LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 815 P. O. Box 735 The City Brokerage Real Estate, Timber and Fire Insurance A. T. ABBEY, Manager 1218 Douglas Street VICTORIA, B. C. Real Estate Insurance Loans Rooming Houses Business Chances Collections JOHN M. PARK GOLDEN RULE BROKERAGE Phones: Office 5346 Residence 3662 1117 Granville St. Vancouver, B. C. PHONE 8294 COLUMBIA REALTY CO. REAL ESTATE AND ROOMING HOUSE; AGENTS <»2iy, PENDER STREET WEST THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 910 OPPORTUNITIES Page 49 British Hmerican trust Company, Ltd. City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LHW-BCTLER BUILDING FRINGE RUPERT, B. ©. P. ©. B©X 271 DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in the City Fifteen minutes walk from P. 0. I I i I • I I Or ne minute's walk from street cars VICTORIA, B. C. fcif ■■<>■» I ■»■!<»# II .*$. ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦*♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ THE GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO, I Real Estate, Insurance and Commission Agents t ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ! ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ POINT GREY SNAPS Chaldecott Road (near Clere) double corner, 90x130. $2000. Good terms. CENTRAL I 37^ feet with 9 roomed house in 800 block Homer Street. $15,500. Only $1500 cash. SOUTH VANCOUVER ♦ 25th Avenue near Fraser Avenue, 33 feet, high and ♦ dry. $900. Good terms. i 166 feet on Bodwell Road carline $1650. Terms. ♦ 33 feet near Victoria Road Car. $400. Terms. ♦ I ^ I I II I I M ♦ 1069 Granville Street VANCOUVER, B, C f ►♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ^^^s The Finest Apples in the World Are Grown in British Columbia's Famous DRY BELT DISTRICT THE YIEJUD IS GREATEST and the PRICKS OBTAINED ARE THE HIGHEST YOU SHOULD LOCATE AT "SUNNYSIDE" It is in the HEART of this wonderful district and 5 ACRES of its RICH, DEEP SOIL will make you a GOOD LIVING Write for illustrated folder, ATTRACTIVE PRICES and EASIEST of TERMS to 1 ROSS ©• SHAW 318 Hastings St. W. Vancouver, B. C. THESE ABE OPPORTUNITIES IN ETEB7 ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS Page 50 OPPORTUNITIES 1910 *s? "1 "Cover" Your Real Estate Investments I With SUGAR 1 I want to tell you some things a man told me to-day about beet sugar—a man who, apparently, knew exactly what he was talking about. In fact, before he got through, he had me convinced that the one industry which would do most towards developing the agricultural possibilities and protecting the real estate values of British Columbia was the raising of sugar beets and the manufacturing of beet sugar. The first thing that he pointed out to me was the enormous and never failing demand for sugar, second only to the demand for flour. "CANADA IS IMPORTING TO-DAY $20,000,000 WORTH OF SUGAR. THERE IS NO REASON," said he, "WHY THAT AMOUNT OF SUGAR CAN NOT BE GROWN RIGHT HERE IN THE FRASER VALLEY." Now, I am an every-day sort of man, probably pretty much the same sort of a man as you who read this page. I told the man he would have to show me. Well, he did. In the first place it seems that the project is already well under way. The site has been secured, the necessary acreage is available, the plans of buildings and machinery arranged, and farmers from all over the Fraser Valley have agreed to co-operate in keeping the plant supplied with sugar beets. These same farmers have also subscribed stock, thus showing their faith in the practicability of the enterprise in the mpst convincing way possible. Another thing this- man did—he went into the town where the plant is going to be, and out of 120 possible shareholders he secured 95. That speaks well for the proposition, doesn't it? Furthermore, he pointed out to me how the Michigan Sugar Company, organized 12 years ago, with a capitalization of $200,000, had expanded into a company of which the capital stock was over $7,500,000 A share which costs in the original company ten dollars, is now worth $135.00, and pay* as high as 30 per cent, dividends. He convinced me that the raising of sugar beets not only improved the land for other agricultural purposes, but formed the backbone of real estate values in those communities in which it was established. "British Columbia," said he, "can well afford to subscribe liberally to an industrial proposition like manufacturing beet sugar if only to enhance the value of other properties." But why continue? He presented to me a straight forward business proposition, which I as a resident, property owner, business man and well wisher for the future of this Province, could not but see the value of. And when he asked me to subscribe—I walked right in. If you, who read this as one of an intelligent public, want to know something about the marvellous returns to be made from raising sugar beets in this Province— If you want to learn some intensely interesting data which will throw an entirely new light on the sugar beet as an investment— If you want to know how to put a small sum of money on the easiest terms where it will bring you splendid returns, improve the value of your other properties, and advance the welfare of the Province, I advise you to write your name and address on this page, tear out the page, and send it to the I FRASER VALLEY SUGAR WORKS, IM. Factories: MISSION CfTY, B.C. Offices: 3ig Pender Street* VANCOUVER. B.C. h&SJ THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES IN EVERY ONE OP OUR ADVERTISEMENTS 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 3 Very Special Investments Nothing Better, Nothing Cheaper and No Surer Moneymakers Two Lots, 74 feet frontage by an average depth of about 148 feet, all cleared and streets graded; outlook unsurpassed. Price $2700; % cash, balance over 3 years. Double Trackage Corner on B. C. E. Railway, over 165 feet trackage. Lots all cleared and streets graded. Price $2,500 for the pair; y^ cash, balance 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months. Triple Corner on Knight Road. Lots all cleared and ready for a block of stores. This is an absolutely certain moneymaker, and will be wanted for the very purpose above suggested. When street car passes down Knight Road this property will immediately double in value. Our price now, $5000, and will give three years to pay for it. We are building some strictly modern houses in that beautiful southern, sunny slope, called South View. Call and see us and we will build according to your instructions and sell to you on very easy terms. Latimer, Ney & D/LcTavish, Limited 419 PENDER STREET VANCOUVER, B. C. When in New Westminster, dine at the KINGS HOTEL CAEE 1 The Cafe has been remodeled throughout, the cuisine is excellent, and cleanliness is our motto. We cater especially to out-of-town supper parties. Columbia St., New Westminster J. ACKROYD, Manager CARLTON CHEER ^ Is becoming a household word with the people of Vancouver who appreciate good living. The cheery, home-like atmosphere, the cheer or perfect cuisine, the cheer of perfect service and of vocal music well rendered all combine to make the Garlton the home of good cheer. ^ This is especially true since JAMES MORGAN has taken over the active management. Jimmie caters especially to the travelling public, and extends a cordial invitation to all his local and out-of-town friends to drop in and spend a pleasant hour or two with him at the The Carlton Cafe Cordova and Cambie Streets, Vancouver Phone 5728 for Table Reservations PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 4 OPPORTUNITIES 191 0^ -**£3 Winter s frost and cold are not conducive to a smooth skin, but with o-ood health it is easy to remove all sip-ns of roup;hness with the many pleasant and harmless salves and creams on the market. Every spot and blemish can be eradicated. For roughness caused bv wind and i& cold there is nothing to equal our Orange Flower Cream to be used at night and after washing. The first application relieves. Price 35c. For unsightly pimples and blackheads, use EGYPTIAN SKIN FOOD and plenty of hot water and Castile soap. Peroxide Cream will be found excellent to heal and bleach the skin without causing- any discomfort. Falling hair, dry and itching scalp and dandruff can all be eliminated by the use of DOCTOR TROUVILLE'S ECZEMA SALVE. 35c. per jar. Send for prices on Toupees for gentlemen. All work done by French expert. Great Reductions on all Hair Goods All orders sent in before January 15th will receive the benefit of reduced prices. Over One Thousand Dollars worth of stock still to be sold at reduced prices. MADAME HUMPHREYS The Largesti Most Up-to-date Establishment of its kind on the Pacific Coast 723 Pender Street, W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. 'Pfyone iooo J PLEA8E MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 911 OPPORTUNITIES EDSONf Edson is one hundred and thirty miles west of Edmonton. It is the first divisional west of Edmomon, and its chances are very good for becoming' the biggest one west of Winnipeg on the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Lf ^/-Jq s~\ -f^t tJrt 1 (~i h ^Q Edson Heights is the beauty of Edson and its commercial possibilities are unequalled. Start J-L/LLC^UIt -tivtg'ttO the .Mew Year right. This means you Mr. Small Investor and Mr. Large Investor alike. Edson was good enough for a large corporation like the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway to invest in and many other large corporations who invested large sums, why should it not be good enough for you? Everybody looks for a ground floor proposition where the big money is all made and now is your chance to get in on Edson Heights at the right price. These lots can be had, at present, at a very small cash payment and easy terms. Prices run from $50 to $150 per lot and $25 extra for corner, guaranteed to be high and dry and a fine location. Come in and let us tell you all about this fine proposition ; the information will be furnished you by us with the greatest of pleasure and will not cost you a cent. If you cannot call, write for full particulars and do it to-day. Don't wait until prices have gone away up and then say what you could have done, but just be one of the so-called suckers, and make money. Dominion Investors Corporation, Limited Telephone 6756 213 Dominion Trust Building ORGANIZES YSTEMIZEIgl1 is here' ■90i"9 to be a big one—Prepare You require the greatest efficiency in your Office Equipment Service. CJ Prompt delivery, quality goods, honest prices are going to win out. C| Our store is chuck full of Labor Saving Devices; bright, snappy ideas. Did it ever occur to you that we can help each other ? WESTERN SPECIALTY LIMITED Printing, Bookbinding Loose Leaf Systems 314 Pender Street West OFFICE EQUIPPERS Phone 5938 Typewriters, Filing Systems Joint Stock Companies Supplies VANCOUVER, B. C. WINDSOR PARK saamassKunaiaieieiausis^BE^Ba^BSsaa a Adjoins the Future Centre of North Vancouver Lies in the vicinity of SECOND NARROWS BRIDGE and IMPERIAL CAR WORKS. PRICES, $135 for inside Lots, $150 for Corners. TERMS, $20 Cash, Balance $5 per month. Canadian National Investors (Successors to Foster & Fisher) 310 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 6488 Open Evenings HnWMBHHHHHiallMHmiitKHHiaHMiHiA. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN MY SPELLING IS CORRECT, MY PUNCTUATION ACCURATE and MY TYPEING CAREFULLY DONE Legal Work a Specialty A Trial will Convince WINIFRED McKAY PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Phone 5523 504-5 Crown Building Vancouver, B. C. (fxrxxsncxxTzxrxxixxxxxjaxxxzxzxirrxxxxxxrxxxxixxxzxzrrxxxzxxirjcEixxxxixxzxxxxDL' H H P For tne Best and most satisfactory forms of M M I Accident Insurance f I or Health Policies a covering every form or Accident or B Sickness, see our latest proposition. H M General Agen|.for B. C. for the S TRAVELLERS INSURANCE COT H H Hartford, Conn. 1 W, W, DRESSER B 438 Pender St., W., VANCOUVER, B. C. M M ;a- 'tl* " >TTT|TWm»mitTTIHIIinmmiIT|ny|ryiTTTTTtTITTTTTTTTTiTTTTTITTTTT1 ■ WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 FIVE YEARS i^HBBBBBBBI^^EBra ""la We can give you five year's time in which to complete your payments on the purchase of 132 feet square on the corner of Lome Street and Main Street (Westminster Avenue.) This is an exceptionally good buy at our figure. PEMBERTON & SON 326 HOMER STREET VANCOUVER, B. C. SHAREHOLDERS If you are interested in stocks or bonds, send for our free market letters, showing1 the very latest buying and selling prices on all kinds of securities. These market letters keep the Investor advised on the market value of his holdings, and at the same time entitle him to the use of our free information bureau. 0. H. BOWMAN & COMPANY Mahon Bldg. VICTORIA, B. C. P. 0. Box 1048 " SPECIALISTS IN CALIFORNIA OIL SECURITIES." Reports furnished free on all Companies. [" S your correspondence accurately -*■ written; is the spelling and punctuation correct ? If it is not, give me a trial and we will both be satisfied. MISS SOMMERVILLE PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Room 709 Bower B'ldg. Phone 1014 Announcement fjT W. H. PAWSON, -^ Engineer and Architect, begs to announce to his friends and public that he has opened his office at 410 Crown Building, Vancouver, B.C., and is ready to furnish plans and specifications for any class of building or engineering feat. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES PaSe 7 r ■~i VANCOUVER, B. C CONTENTS. JANUARY, 1911 Page. Rising to the Premiership /. Herbert Welch ] 1 Co-operation among Farmers George Schumacher, Ph.D. 1 4 What British Columbia Needs Most Henry A. Stone 1 7 Coal 18 Success on a Fraser Valley Fruit Ranch D. H. Nelson 20 On Elud ng Responsibility Alice Ashworth Townley 22 Fostering British Columbia Art Mary Daniell 23 The Call of Basque 24 The Need for Dairying C. S. McKee 26 A Race for Timber (Story) J. H. W. 28 The Conflict in the Old Country C. M. Burmester 32 Industrial Progress in British Columbia 33 The Auto and British Columbia's Prosperity C. F. McConnell and F. M. Hunter 36 The British Columbia Timber Situation Paul W. Trousdale 38 t "*\ r> DESIGNER AND ILLUSTRATOR lill €| Drawings for Advertisers, Designs and Illustrations for Newspapers, Magazines, Catalogues, Etc. €fl Ex Libris, Book Plate Designs. 1§ Bird's Eye and Perspective Drawings. <2 Cover Designs and Book Illustrations. ^| Monograms, Trade Marks, Labels ana Letter Heads. 4° 4° H1 VANCOUVER B C 3I9*PENDER'' W" TELEPHONE Consultations, advice and preliminary SlJlTE 304 8098 sketches free \= J CLASSIFIED ADS. WANTED—Buyers for our 5, 10, 15 and 40 acre farms in Langley, 20 miles from Vancouver, near two railroads and tram line. Prices low and very easy terms. Kraus, Reynolds Co., Ltd., 503 Dominion Trust Building, Vancouver, B. C. Farm Lands, partly improved, 6 miles from Manor, Sask., $18 to $23 per acre. Black & McDonnell, 60 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, B. C. tome are welcomed by the folks who stayed behind. You realize this and consequently you write as often as possible are you able to tell them as much about your new home as you would like to | C| Have you reliable information to send them, or having that, have you the time to send it? let 'Opportunities' do this for you | It costs only one dollar a year, and will give the home folks a very much greater amount of information than could possibly be contained in letters. ^ Send us the name and address, together with $ 1.00, and the paper will be sent immediately. Opportunities Publishing Company 429 Pender Street Vancouver, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 B' IRTHDAYS are naturally days of retrospection, and for this reason Opportunities, which completes its first year of life with this issue of the magazine, may be pardoned for glancing back for a moment, and saying something about its own beginning and its progress through the year. *I In these days every big movement or development must, of course, have a public voice The growth of a community or a commonwealth is highly important not alone to the people who are in the midst of it, but to the world in general, because it means new markets, new openings for investment, new opportunities for making the most of life. The world must be told of the new channels for human effort. It needs them; and the new commonwealth, of course, needs the world. This mutual requirement creates the demand for the voice, the publication. You think of the daily newspaper in this connection before you think of the monthly magazine, but the newspaper, however able, does not fill the full measure of the demand. Its chief concern is of the day. Its purpose is more to tell the community about the world than to tell the world about the community. *I When Mr. Fraser S. Keith established this magazine a year ago he knew that there was a vast amount that people in general did not know about British Columbia, and that there was a vast amount of misinformation. He also knew that in the New and Old Worlds there were millions of people who were looking for roads away from invironments which, for some reason or other, had become oppressive. He felt that one of the broadest and most hopeful of these roads led to British Columbia, a rich land of beginnings, where men and women could work out their destinies without being hampered by the rigidity of conditions which exist in old sections where, on the principle that "like attracts like," wealth and power have been accumulated in the hands of the few, to the detriment of the many. Mr. Keith saw in British Columbia a comparatively open field for all comers who were workers, and to proclaim it to people everywhere in all its most significant phases, he started Opportunities. •1 Horace Greeley is reported to have once remarked that the saddest words in the English language were, Vol. 1, No. 1." It is quite true that most young publications have a troubled voyage through the first years of life, and ground upon the shoals of financial stringency, and strike the rocks of receiverships, and pass the straits of changing hands before they finally reach the calm waters of influence and prosperity. But there are exceptions to the rule, and Opportunities has been one of them. The passage through this first year, which is invariably the hardest year of all, has been surprisingly smooth. Everybody has been at the table three times a day. The magazine has been a constantly growing success. Each number has gained it new friends, a more enduring support, and a wider influence. Within a month we have received letters from readers of Opportunities in South Africa, Australia, Asia, Spain, Germany, and the West Indies, to say nothing of the scores from the British Isles. The magazine is making its way into more homes in British Columbia and Canada generally, and into more and more of the far corners of the globe. *I We do not plume ourselves too much on this; we attribute it in large measure to the world-wide interest in this Province. But it gives us a feeling of added responsibility, and a desire to make our magazine more and more truly representative of what is really important in this new land of opportunity. It is by no means our intention to ignore the flaws. There are some—there are bound to be—and we expect to speak of them from time to time, in the hope that what we say may have some effect in bringing about the remedies. But always we intend to hold up to public view the big resources, the big opportunities, the big future of British Columbia, and to encourage men and women to settle here, for the reason that while this Province is not an Eldorado, nor a nook for the tired, nor a boulevard for a leisurely stroll into Easy Street, it offers surer and better rewards for hard, intelligent work than does almost any other region on the earth. The reason can be summed up in a word or two. British Columbia has an abundance of natural wealth, and is just beginning to develop it. % To mention our magazine once more, we, too, are just at the beginning. We realize, perhaps, more vividly than do others that we have ample room for progress and improvement. We intend to grow with British Columbia. This is our opportunity, and is equally the opportunity of every man within the Province who has the ability and inclination for good work OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Pott Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Managing Editor HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief PAUL W. TROUSDALE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 3 JANUARY, 1911 No. 1 EDITORIAL WE care little about the past for its own sake; the tree is dead. But we have its fruit, the sweet and the bitter, and it contains the seeds which will make the future. We will therefore glance backward for a moment toward 1910 in this lusty Province of British Columbia. It can be said at the outset that 1910 in British Columbia was a good year, a big year—the biggest ever—and that it has left us with a huge stepping-stone to greater progress. Vancouver probably showed a greater ratio of growth during the year than did any other city on the globe. The building permits represented plans for structures to cost $13,144,215. The total for 1908 was $5,950,883, and in 1909 the amount was $7,258,555. The increase in 1910 was about ninety per cent., and came chiefly from new office buildings and warehouses. In this connection it must be said that in making the total returns for the year the building department omitted nearly a half of South Vancouver, namely, Shaughnessy Heights, and the section from Sixteenth to Thirtieth Avenues. The permits for these districts in 1910 called an expenditure of about four millions of dollars. This brings the grand total up to over seventeen millions of dollars. This record for Vancouver is given added significance by the fact that not another city en the Pacific Coast equalled in 1910 its building record for 1 909. The other municipalities of the Pacific family felt, during this year, retarding influences that caused a slackening of the pace. Vancouver nearly doubled hers. In greater and greater degree she is becoming the Mecca for those who want to grow with growth. UILDING operations are, of course, only one of the sign-posts of progress for Vancouver and the Province. From numerous other fields of activity come big contributions to the proofs. For instance, the statisticians of the British Columbia Railway Company have announced that while the company carried 21,112,780 passengers in its Vancouver cars in 1909, it carried 30,050,927 in 1910, which is an increase of about forty-two per cent. In these dry figures, if you glance at them with just a little imagination, you can see city streets pushing farther and farther out, and can see the glow of modern home life, where, only a few years ago, old forests stood. THE customs returns for 1910 tell a tale of sheer growth, but not so good a tale of real progress. The people who come must still send out for most of the luxuries and many of the necessaries of life. In 1909 they paid $3,559,010 in import duties; in 1910 they paid $5,615,494. This amount, of course, is but a small fraction of the whole sum spent on importation. It has been estimated, for instance, that between fifteen and sixteen million dollars were paid to producers in other sections for food consumed in British Columbia. This was not because this food, and a great deal more, cannot be produced right here at home. It was because a very large number of those who have sought out the Province have not been trained in the vital agricultural art, and because those who do know it, and are willing to practice it, have not yet had time to bring the fertility of British Columbia fields to the rescue of the hungry hordes. It is pointed out in special articles in this issue of Opportunities that in the meagerness of food production lies danger for the Province, but this is like the menace for a vessel of rocks on a distant shore. We must guide the ship aright, but we still have plenty of steerageway, and the man at the wheel, the Premier, is a good pilot. By his direction a number of fruit and vegetable farms are being instituted under the auspices of the Government for the purpose of encouraging growers and showing them how they can obtain the best results from the tilling of the land. Government inspectors and instructors are spreading the gospel of good farming. To a certain extent creameries are subsidized, and the Premier and his ministers are ready to do all within their power to foster other agricultural developments. Thousands of new orchards each year are making their contributions to the horn of plenty. The first National Apple Show in the autumn of 1910 gave British Columbia fruit a new prominence and assured a fresh appreciation of the opportunities in growing it. The same general result is being obtained by the fruit exhibit of the Province now on display in the Old Country. The fruit and other agricultural production in 1911 will be far greater than in any previous year. It can be said with truth that what has been accomplished is only a small part of what the situation demands, but the plans are comprehensive, and it must be remembered that a baby commonwealth, like any other infant, must creep before it walks. British Columbia, economically, is still very young, and early youth must always be nourished by other hands before it can make its own living. Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES 191} LL the time the strength of this Province is becoming greater. Her industrial life blood is being constantly enriched by fresh contributions of capital. Money from England, Scotland, and Ireland, from Germany and France, and from the United States, is flowing in for the development of her natural resources and her manufacturing possibilities. Tbe bank clearings, the most significant of the barometers of business, show in Vancouver during 1910, a total of $444,988,819, an increase of forty per cent, over 1909. Manufacturing in British Columbia is still at its beginning, but in 1910 products were manufactured which, according to the estimates of the Government, had a value of $30,000,000. Yet this production supplies only a very small portion of the British Columbia market, and the market, with the continual pouring in of people, is expanding constantly. The demand always is for more. There are the best sort of facilities for supplying more. The Lower Mainland has a water supply which is estimated at over one hundred thousand horse-power, with thirty thousand horse-power already available. Many varieties of raw material are close at hand, and British Columbia has vast stores of coal. For foreign markets there is the long arm of the Pacific Ocean reaching up to Vancouver and Victoria and New Westminster—an arm which, when the Panama Canal is opened, will convey a greater and greater number of ships down to the sea and to the great markets of the world. In manufacturing, the achievement is yet small, but the promise is big. No very prophetic eye is required to see many factories on the skyline of the future, and the sun obscured by the smoke of industry. ROM the time when British Columbia began to impress herself upon the world at large as something more than a great area of mountains and untracked forests, mining has been her most conspicuous industry, and still ranks second only to manufacturing in the total value of the product. In 1 909 this was $24,000,- 000. The figures for 1910 have not yet been compiled completely, but it is safe to say that they will show progress, and that 1911 will show a production greater than that of 1910. New camps and sections give high promise of making big contributions to the total. It is no longer doubted that the mineralized country in the vicinity of the Portland Canal District contains much valuable metal, and it is believed that the recently discovered ledges on Steamboat Mountain, in West Kootenay, will be worked with profit. New discoveries are being made in the old districts, and excellent values are being found in the deeper workings. With mines already developed giving every indication of production well into the future, with new mines becoming shippers, and with the mechanical facilities for getting out the ore improving constantly, there is a glowing prospect for a steadily increasing output of precious metals in British Columbia. This is no less true of coal, of which there are vast reserves as yet untouched. It is also true of iron and copper. It is estimated that in one iron mine alone, that on Texada Island, there are 33,000,000 tons of iron ore, and it is believed that the Duluth capitalists who have recently taken over this property, will build a large iron and steel plant on the coast. In. the Portland Canal District large bodies of copper ore have been uncovered. So it will be seen that nature has given British Columbia plenty of gold and silver to embellish the ship of industry, plenty of coal to make the wheels revolve, and plenty of iron, besides some copper, for the metal ribs. BRITISH COLUMBIA fishing has immense possibilities which as yet are not fully appreciated. There are thousands of miles of off-shore waters which teem with edible fish, and long reaches of river in which salmon swarm. It has been said by authorities that the Province will have the world's greatest fisheries. An important step in their development was made in 1910 when Messrs. Mackenzie & Mann interests took over and began the reorganization of the whaling industry. HE remarkable industrial and agricultural expansion in progress and in contemplation in British Columbia will, of course, necessitate greater transportation facilities. These are on the way. Grand Trunk Pacific trains are now running for a hundred miles eastward of Prince Rupert, and it is stated that in four or five years the steel rails that are being laid from Prince Rupert east, and from Edmonton west, will be brought together, with the result of giving Canada another transcontinental route, and of opening fully to civilization and industry the rich north country of British Columbia. Another instrument to this big end will be the Canadian Northern Railway, which, according to its officials, will be completed to the Pacific seaboard even sooner than is the Grand Trunk Pacific. This will mean that within the comparatively short period of half a decade three transcontinental lines will be putting British Columbia in close and constant communication with the great centers and markets of the world. It is not improbable that the Portland Canal Short Line Railway will eventually become still another line across the Canadian continent. The Canadian Pacific is keeping pace with British Columbia's growth. Work is under way on the Kootenay Central, which will extend south from Golden through the Columbia Valley. Another important Canadian Pacific Railway enterprise is the completion on Vancouver Island of the Esquimalt and Nanaimo branch from Wellington to Alberni. The great system under the direction of James J. Hill is also expanding in British Columbia, and there are a number of other railway projects which supply the strongest kind of proof that the railroad builders, men who owe most of their power to their ability to read the future, are preparing for a far bigger and closer fabric of population and agriculture and manufacturing in British Columbia than the majority of us even dream of. Mr. McBride estimates that the railroad construction in the Province within the next four years will involve an expenditure of at least fifty millions or dollars, and that the Government's outlay for public works during this period will amount to at least twenty millions or dollars. These streams of capital will be but two of many. In view of this, it is hard to conceive of anything but steadily increasing prosperity for the Province and the workers. E cannot, however, close our eyes to tbe rocks on the shore—the menace of consumption out of all proportion to production. The adjustment will come through the operation of natural laws, but the more impetus we give it, the more we encourage settlers to till the ground and manufacturers to establish plants, the sooner will this Province be removed from a state of vassalage to producing centers, and will have a prosperity derived from her own resources instead of from the expectations she has aroused on the part of an opportunity-seeking world. OPPORTUNITIES Vol. III. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C, JANUARY, 1911. No. 1 Rising to the Premiership Some Facts about Richard McBride's Earlier Days and an Interview with him on British Columbia Opportunities By J. Herbert Welch HEN a man climbs high on the hill of power and prestige we like to contemplate him. Up in the big currents of politics or finance, he stirs the imagination. If he is a political leader on his travels, we see him in a setting of flags and bunting, band music, and the salvoes of his fellow- countrymen. If he holds high office we MR. McBRIDE AS AN ORATOR see him at his work within stately halls, and instinctively we impart to him some of the calm majesty of the architecture Prime Minister! President! Premier These are words to conjure with. We speak them softly in the lofty corri dors of buildings of government, and while waiting in the ante-room of the , inner sanctuary, we sit lingering our hats amid oppressive -ilence. This, as a frivolous poet wrote, "is no time for mirth and laughter." After a long, long time, we are told in a half-whisper that the Premier will see us now, and we brace ourselves for our brief ascent to high Olympus. Immediately we find ourselves in a room of noble proportions, pervaded by what seems to be eternal calm, and dominated by a personality— a big man at a big desk. In the instance in our mind just now the man is Premier McBride, who, as we state our errand, leans slightly forward in his chair, bespeaking tense energy and a desire to despatch the business without delay, so that those who are still fingering their hats in the anteroom may have their turn. Mr. McBride, it may be said in passing, has the statesman's look. He is. big; he has firm lips, quiet, watchful eyes, an air of reserves of power, and last, but perhaps not least, iron gray locks which Henry Irving himself could not have improved upon in portraying the character of a statesman. We make our plea, and the Premier begins to speak, — melodiously, with words well chosen, in an unhurried man ner, which causes us to forget for the moment that he has much to .do. We feel at ease. The Premier's personality is not mountainous, like that of some men of power, but reminds us of a broad plain, with the sun shining from a serene- sky. Mr. McBride has magnetism—a great deal of it. We begin to understand his widespread popularity. Opportunities, the magazine, is mentioned, and this leads on to the opportunities of British Columbia. Mr. McBride has begun to warm up. The theme interests him, because his biggest work is to mould Mother Nature's gifts to British Columbia into opportunities for men. "The title of your magazine," he says, leaning a little further forward, "furnishes a text particularly applicable to any general observations that one may make on the Province of British Columbia, because this, above all other parts of the continent, is a land of oppor- mil* PREMIER McBRIDE GREETING THE PEOPLE AT NAKUS1 Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES THE PREMIER AND SONGHEE CHIEF tunities. The reason is self-evident. We have immense and varied natural resources, and these give great openings for investment, and great scope for men of brains and industry. "I might quote statistics. Look at the area of the Province—nearly four hundred thousand square miles, our seaboard of more than seven thousand miles, and our wonderful inland waters, furnishing great navigable arteries and tremendous power for wheels of industry, and after these, the almost incalculable natural resources stored within this vast territory—our minerals, our forests, our agricultural lands, and our fisheries. Even the least observant man must admit that here lie sources of great prosperity, and opportunities for a progressive people to develop a great community. "Imagine, if you can, woodlands of which the marketable timber is conservatively estimated as able to produce three hundred and sixty billion feet of lumber annually for one hundred years. "Our fisheries are already employing twelve thousand men and are still at the beginning of their development. Our mines produced last year some twenty- five million dollars; our timber industry amounts to about twelve million dollars a year, and the products of our agricultural and fruit lands now have a value of eight million dollars a year. And all these industries are still at their beginnings, and are being carried on by a population which is still comparatively small. It is inevitable that they will see great expansion and will offer more and more opportunities for the people who settle among us. Each year will greatly increase the number of these people. The population is growing at a very rapid and satisfactory rate, yet it is still a mere handful compared with the number which this Province can sustain. "Along all lines there has been most substantial progress. Our cities are growing; the country is being settled; shipping and railway building are increasing at a wonderful rate; and the fruit industry, within a very few years, has developed from obscurity to the front rank. The land devoted to fruit ten years ago was 7,460 acres; to-day it is one hundred thousand acres. Our land will support a very large number of people in contentment and prosperity. As to recreation, it may be said that the fishing and hunting in British Columbia are unexcelled, and the climate is particularly favorable to pleasures out of doors. "There are many other opportunities, and the people of British Columbia are making the most of them. We have an energetic, enterprising, resourceful and confidently hopeful citizenship. The very atmosphere of this Last West, the newness of our civilization, and the knowledge of the many things which are yet to be done, inspire our people with fresh ambition and stimulate them to greater efforts than they would have put forth had they remained in the communities of the East. Whether or not a man who comes to British Columbia has capital, he can make good if he has energy, intelligence and persistence." Though the Premier grew enthusiastic in speaking of British Columbia and her people, he "dodged the issue" when an effort was made to swing the conversation around to himself. The subject did not seem to interest him, and it was MR. McBRIDE AT THE OPENING OF THE SONGHEE RESERVATION THE PREMIER AT THE RECEPTION TO SIR WILFRED LAURIER necessary to seek elsewhere for a map, so to speak, of Mr. McBride's progress from New Westminster, where he was born forty years ago, to his present high position. No attempt will be made here to give even an outline of what Mr. McBride has achieved as Premier. This would involve the consideration of many matters which will be taken up in future articles. It is enough to say at this time that the Premier has commended himself to the most intelligent observers as a man who is really "big," a man who has already accomplished much for British Columbia. Glancing at him as a party leader, it has been said that he is the strongest man in his party in the Dominion. Looking at him as a public servant, it has been said that his progress is in the direction of the Premiership of Canada. For the purpose of touching upon Mr. McBride's start in life, we will take a little trip to New Westminster where, as has already been indicated, he spent his early years. We find there many old friends of his, men still young, who went to school with him, played marbles and swam and fished with "Dick McBride." They all call him "Dick." You ask about his school days and learn that he was not a youthful "highbrow." He played marbles and swam, it seems, better than he did problems in mathematics or recited history. He was graduated from the common school, and then from the high school without making any splash in the pool of learning. He studied law at college in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and here, according to an old college-mate of his, he took- much more interest in the mock-parliament than in the moot court, that is to say, his tendencies, even in early youth, were more political than legal. 191 OPPORTUNITIES Page He returned to New Westminster in 1892, was called to the bar and began to practice. At this time he was tall and slender, with great physical activity. One of the older citizens of New Westminster tells a story which illustrates his promptitude in action. This citizen was driving a milk wagon one morning down a hill on his way across the railroad track. A train was approaching. A Chinaman, crossing the road in front of the wagon, dropped his bundle, and in scrambling for it frightened the horse which went careering down the hill towards the coming train. Vainly the driver tried to stop the animal. It plunged on and a collision between it and the locomotive seemed inevitable. vincial Legislature, as the member for Dewdney. This time he was elected. Two years later there came a crisis in his political career. He was offered the portfolio of Minister of Mines, but for certain reasons the acceptance of the offer would have meant the sacrifice of some of the pledges which he made to the people who elected him. It would have been a great step ahead for so young a man, but Mr. McBride put the opportunity aside, and materially augmented his growing strength with his fellow citizens. He came back to the country in 1901, and was once more returned from Dewdney. He had another contest on his hands in 1903 and was again successful. errand to the Government building. The Premier immediately cut to the bone of the matter, showing that he was familiar with it in all its details. Upon leaving the office the companion of the New Westminster man remarked that the Premier must have prepared himself for the call. The New Westminster man replied that he himself had no intention .of visiting Victoria until within half an hour of his start. Another valuable asset of Mr. McBride in his political career is his remarkable memory for names and faces. It is said that he never forg'ets either. For instance, once in the north country he met a young man whose first name was George. Some years afterward, in a Ik :4/ Jt iiiiiiili ££ m m^- *"~Z m&mm PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS AT VICTORIA "Dick" McBride happened to be passing. He rushed to the horse's head, seized the bridle and jerked the animal off the rails only a few seconds before the locomotive thundered by. The shafts of the wagon were broken, and the driver, reeling from his seat, broke his arm. He attributes the fact that he did not lose his life to "Dick" McBride. He practiced law in New Westminster until 1896, when he entered into a political contest with Mr. Morrison, now Justice of the Supreme Court, for a seat in the Dominion Parliament. He made an aggressive fight in this campaign, but led a forlorn hope and lost. This defeat merely stimulated his political ambitions. In 1898 he again entered the arena in a contest for the Pro- In the meantime he had, because of his magnetism, grasp of public questions, and instinctive leadership, risen to be the Leader of the Opposition. There was another faction headed by Joseph Martin, now a member of the British Parliament, when the Opposition came into power, and a hot fight arose within the ranks. Mr. McBride won, and since then has been Premier. His grasp of all questions and conditions affecting British Columbia is illustrated by a little episode when a New Westminster man went to Victoria on an errand which rested not with the Premier, but with one of the department heads. When calling on Mr. McBride to pay his respects, the New Westminster citizen happened to mention his delegation of citizens who met the Premier at a train in another part of the Province was this same young man. The Premier, though he had seen thousands of people in the meantime, greeted him cordially as "George." This is merely one trivial instance, but it is representative of a great many. The Premier remembers because he is not wrapped up in himself. He is interested in other people. He is fond of the simple life, nature and adventure. One of the periods of the year to which he looks forward with great zest is the time in September when he dons the garb of a pioneer and seeks the wilderness. In the early days he and one or two companions were fond of starting from New Westminster and rowing for Page 14 OPPORTUNITIES 19 many miles up the Fraser River and into the lakes to the north. Now he utilizes a launch for these trips, but his experiences in the woods are hardly less strenuous than they used to be. Three or four years ago the two or three of his old friends who usually accompany him on these journeys, decided to penetrate the wild country around Great Harrison Lake. After an arduous journey by boat and wagon to the foot of the lake, it began to rain. It rained throughout the day, and throughout the next day, with such persistency that the Premier and his party were forced to abandon their tents and seek refuge in a logging camp a few miles down the creek that flows out of the lake. Here for several days they had to be content with loggers' joys. But one morning the sun returned. They made their way up the creek to the lake, and up the lake ten miles to a cove, where they established a camp and began to fish. But hardly had they cast their lines out before the heavens again opened. The camp was nearly washed from the narrow shore under the precipitous cliffs, and it became necessary to beat a hasty retreat. There were two boats. One of these was a canoe, and in this embarked the Premier and one companion. The ripples on the lake had become waves, and the canoe was swamped. The voyagers righted it at last, but it was again swamped. Again, after strenuous work, these lake mariners righted it. A third time the waves lifted it and turned it over. The Premier and his fellow- sufferer started to swim for shore, but practically there was no shore. The cliffs came down to the water's edge. The shipwrecked ones stood on a rock, waist deep in water, and with the water beating down, waiting to be rescued. They waited a long time, but finally, through the driving rain, they saw the boat of the other members of the party returning for them. "There they are!" exclaimed Mr. Mc-* Bride. "Call to them! Call to them!" His" companion endeavored to raise his voice, but failed; then the Premier made the attempt, but was unsuccessful. The truth was that both were so weak and numbed with cold that they could not shout. They were seen, however, and thus it was that the Premier was taken off the submerged rock to continue his services for British Columbia. He and his friends have had numerous other adventures in their annual journeys back to nature. The Premier likes them, being an out-door as well as an in-door man. He has all-round development. He is typical of British Columbia. He has made a long and close study of the Province in all its aspects. He knows its needs perhaps better than any other man, and is putting forth all his unusual energy and ability to supply these needs.- Co-operation Among Farmers Why it is so Often a Failure and How it can be Made Successful By George Schumacher, Ph. D. WHAT cooperation has done for industry, cooperation can and must do for the farmers. We all know the splendid condiJ tion of the small intensive farmer in a small country in Europe. I refer to Denmark. Here we see cooperation at its best. A perfect organization collects the „ raw products of the numerous small farmers, manufactures these into the finished product, when required, in an up-to-date building and with up-to- date machinery, and controls the sale of this product at home and abroad. As a result, this small State exports more agricultural products than all Canada together. We see cooperative concerns flourishing in Germany. Beet sugar factories to the number of five hundred are really cooperative farmers' concerns, controlling capital amounting to millions of dollars. We see many thousands of butter and cheese factories conducted on the same principal. We see a great part of the milk delivered in the cities by farmers' cooperative concerns. We see starch and spirit factories, canneries, etc., all controlled by farmers, and we see as the greatest combination of all, buying on a cooperative basis. One farmers' cooperation in Germany handles (Agricultural Series. No. 2) fertilizer to the value of several hundred millions of dollars. We see cheese factories in the East now on a solid basis, after a great many difficulties, and we see in the West now and then a successful creamery or fruit growers' association, but there it ends. More often than not, we see derelict cooperative concerns, with their buildings either empty or operated by enterprising individuals who are able to make a profit which the farmers could not make. I am told that unsuccessful cooperative enterprises on both sides of the international boundary number many hundreds. This is deplorable. The Government has, or believes it has, fostered cooperative creameries, advancing money at a reasonable rate of interest, provided a sufficient number of farmers' join in the undertaking and guarantee milk from a certain number of cows. What is the reason for so many failures? The general answer is that the farmer is not a business man. With this the subject is usually dismissed, but here our work only begins. Gentle pressure was necessary to make the cheese factories in the East successful, and gradually satisfactory business methods were adopted and satisfactory results obtained. If farming cannot be profitable without cooperation, the latter must be adopted under all circumstances, and the farmer must be made a business man. Of course, to make a business man out of the farmer, we must start at the root, and 1 am firmly convinced that if we do not alter our present school system in the country, we will never raise a generation willing to stay on the land and AN IRRIGATED FIELD AT BASQUE Ml OPPORTUNITIES Page 15 pie to become efficient and satisfied jrmers. Our young men on the farms lave for the cities as soon as possible, they see only drudgery in farm func- pns. The education of the younger feneration must be taken in hand with [view to making good farmers, able and filling to cooperate with their neigh- hrs. I will refer to this matter later on, fit for the present will deal with the Luse of failures on cooperative concerns [lder existing circumstances, and point tit how these difficulties may be l/ercome. [ Let us see a typical creamery. Let U find out how it started, how it was managed, that is, mis-managed, and why failed. The farmers grumble about ;ie high railway rates, of the difficulty in filing their milk, talk about cooperative ••eameries, have half a dozen palavers, year. What is really needed is an able manager, who is experienced, is engaged under a long contract, and has power to enforce all rules under all circumstances, against all members, no matter what their importance may be in the association. The manager must be unhampered; his position must not depend on the will or temper of any big boss in the concern. In preference, he should come from a different district. The association should have an accountant if the manager has not time to attend to this; and an auditor to examine the books thoroughly and investigate any matter which may require investigation. These two or three officers can do all the work required. Board meetings do more harm than good. The board should be content with announcing the yearly dividend which the auditor recommends. The take my milk as it is or I will not have anything to do with this cooperative business." He has either bad cows and gets bad milk, and knows it, or is fond of the pump. Cooperative creameries must insist upon clean stables and properly fed cows and good milk, under all circumstances. Well conducted cooperative creameries can and must be the best factor in the production of healthy milk. Present conditions in British Columbia are very far from being satisfactory. We all know, more or less, the quality of milk for sale in the towns. We know the report of the sanitary inspectors, and we see with regret few, very few milk establishments which are reported as sanitary. Ninety-eight per cent, of the farmers could not join a creamery at all at present, or would be fined out of the concern if the rules were enforced by a A SCENE IN THE "DRY BELT," NEAR ASHCROFT .nd make up their minds to start acontract made by the farmers with the conscientious creamery manager. The reamery under the rules laid down by he Government. They get the loan ifter having found the necessary cows ind cash, the latter very often with difficulty, half of the farmers repenting their promises on the way home, and think- ng of ways to avoid the obligation. But :hey start, elect half a dozen directors, a Doard of control, or whatever it may be called, nominate one of them as secretary, appoint a manager, and the game oegins. The most necessary part has been forgotten, namely, an effective sales organization. Instead of considering fthe sales, which must be made at the city [end, the farmers believe the butter and Echeese making alone is important. If they have six directors, they have [exactly six directors too many. They are [not needed. There should not be more I than one, or at most two meetings in the association must be binding, not for a first aim of the Government, therefore, few months, but for a number of years, must be to insist upon a fairly uniform not only for quantity, but also for qual- sanitary condition in the cow barns, in ity. There must be a penalty clause at- the handling of the cows, vessels, etc. tached to every part, and this must be The remainder can be well left to the enforced against all. manager. Example and competition will An influential member may deliver do the rest. If bad milk or watered milk milk which is sour. The manager becomes unsaleable the cooperative grumbles and declares that he cannot creamery will have a sound basis; if the make good butter out of it. But it often manager can strictly enforce the rules, happens that he must take it, knowing without fear from the board, it should that if he refuses it he will get the sack succeed. I?he forcing of the bad farmers next week. The good farmer with a clean stable, clean milk vessels and properly fed cows, has no advantage, at present, over the farmer who delivers dirty milk, and his products do not improve the bad quality his neighbor delivers. I know farmers who object to the milk test. "No milk test for me. You must out of business will be a benefit to the country. What has been said here about creameries is true of other cooperative concerns, whether these be canneries, fruit growers' associations, or sugar works. If a fruit cannery is regarded as the dumping ground for the worst kinds of fruits, good for pig-feeding only, no can- Page 16 OPPORTUNITIES 911 nery or jam factory can be successful. The manager must have the power and will to reject anything that is unfit and make such reduction as the quality demands. In other words, a cooperative business must be run on exactly the same lines as any other business, on business lines pure and simple. It is always necessary that the manager be an effective business man, and at the same time have the expert knowledge the particular work requires. Because "Fred" has worked the separator and has turned the butter churn, and has had charge of six cows, "Fred" is not always able to handle the milk of 1,500 cows. Instead making "Fred" the manager, and discharging him in a month, a search must be made for a man whose former experience and whose character warrant from the government is required to make farmers move for their own benefit and for the benefit of the whole country. The recent resolutions of the Board of Trade in Vancouver touch the same question, only in a different way. The production in the United States in poultry and eggs alone, is $50,000,000 larger than the total production of all the agricultural products of Canada together. The import of poultry and eggs into British Columbia amounts to $5,000,- 000 a year, and of butter and other farm products, to $8,000,000. If we take away what the diligent Chinaman produces in vegetables, there remains very, very little. According to Mr. Bowser, 108,000 acres are at present in fruit, but most likely only a part of this is at present cities may be good enough, but I am sure that the schools in the country are not at all what they must be, if we want to raise a generation of farmers with business abilities. I do not pretend to be an expert in "re scholastica," but I see in my mind a school house, a teacher, and a system of teaching which will bring benefit to the country, which will benefit present and future generations, and create prosperous and satisfied farmers. I see a school house having no less than six rooms, comfortably fitted for a family. It is the living house of the teacher, with a roomy annex of two rooms for the school proper. I see this room cleanly painted, with pictures on the walls, and a collection of specimens of natural history, collected by the A FARMER'S HOME IN THE SIMILKAMEEN a long contract with him. If these things are not attended to, the board starts quarrelling, and the cooperative concern soon drops to pieces. As I said at the beginning, the selling end of the business must not be forgotten. The manager should look after this before he starts with the buildings. The best thing for a number of cooperative companies, embracing a district, or even perhaps, the whole Province, is to combine for a large selling organization. The Government must step in, find a good organizer, draw up rules and engage a manager. It may be said that the government interference might go too far, but without it the thing will never get on its feet, I am afraid. If I am informed rightly, the New Zealand Government even runs retail meat shops in England, and history has shown all over the world that some degree of pressure bearing, and Mr. Bowser considered it a marvellous result that the total production in fruit, in British Columbia, is valued at $2,000,000. Analysing these figures means a gross production of less than $20 per acre, and this is nothing to boast of. The Upper Fraser Valley alone could produce $20,000,000 worth of sugar per annum, and the by product of this industry, namely pulp and molasses, converted into milk, eggs, butter, etc., would present a larger value than the present imports. But, for the present, we can only do patch-work. We must, as I said before, start at the root and alter our school system in the country We pay carpenters or bricklayers $4.00 to $6.00 per day. We pay the firemen and policemen 50% more tnan the teacher, to whom we entrust or tuture generation. The schools in the large teacher and pupils, nicely and carefully mounted. I see this house set in a ground of two acres, and I notice the best kept garden in the village and specimens of plants otherwise not to be seen. I see a model cow-shed and two well-fed cows, and further away, a small pigsty, and a model poultry yard, and I see in the garden carefully kept patches of all kinds of vegetables, and one acre devoted to growing feed for the cattle and hogs. And I see the teacher, a married man with a helpful wife and healthy children, and he explains to me that the house, garden, cow-shed and all are provided by the school trustees. He is engaged for life, and although his salary is small, he has an income from the garden from which he manages to save some money and increase the private library of which he is so fond, and which enables him to give grood advice to the 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 farmers. He tells me that he gets a small increase in salary every three years and that the trustees provide an accident and pension insurance for him. He shows me his cow-shed, carefully kept records of the milk production and the food used. He explains to me that he studies the experimental farm reports and gives lectures to the farmers from time to time, and that he impresses on them the necessity of keeping records of everything bought and sold on the farm. He is especially fond of his poultry yard. The Government has seen the need of better poultry all around and has given him a special bonus to introduce a new mode of raising a special strain of poultry. He is obliged to give eggs for hatching to the farmers, at a nominal price for a number of years. He conducts me to his garden, and the first thing I notice is a rain-measure, and a recording barometer and thermometer. He informs me that the teachers in the country districts are obliged to make. regular telephonic reports to Victoria about the weather conditions, which form the basis for the meteorological forecast prepared for the Province and are posted in the post offices. I notice also that all plants are carefully marked and notes are made.about the time of planting, the fertilizer used, etc., and I see what a splendid opportunity the Government has to keep the farmers informed about all matters referring to agriculture at small expense, at less expense, in fact, than is devoted to prizes for agricultural exhibitions. I am surprised when I go with the teacher to his class. The older boys and girls are working out an example of cost on milk returns, simple, but very instructive, and the teacher points out a girl of fourteen who is keeping the milk reports for her father, and tells me that since the time the girl began to keep these reports the father has made much better progress. The whole course in arithmetic is laid out with a view to make the boys and girls fit for the work they have to do in the future, and the reading is directed to the same end. This matter is very ingeniously arranged, in order to make the boys and girls acquainted with the things connected with their future life as farmers. I see this all in my mind, and I hope that other people will also see the necessity for proper schools in the farming districts. Universities, technical schools and agricultural colleges are useful and absolutely necessary, but Canada is a farming country. We want to keep our farmers on the land and we want to make them efficient. To make them efficient, schools in the country must be improved. To achieve this, we need training schools for the teachers and a different organization. If we have this we can create properly educated farmers who will become effective members of cooperative associations, and contribute greatly to the stability of prosperity. What British Columbia Needs Most The Province Must Have More Producers to Provide for Consumption Already Great, and Growing Rapidly By Henry A. Stone Former President of the Vancouver Board of Trade THE tilling of the soil for future needs was the first problem with which man had to deal; wise provision for the protection and encouragement of agriculture has been the foundation of the policy of the greatest known statesmen. Neglect of the soil has resulted in the downfall of empires; and agriculture is no less today than ever the corner stone of wealth, power and . solid prosperity. It is the necessary partner, of industrial development and the greatest safety valve in times of depression. Egypt's decay has been stayed, her years of famine turned into those of plenty, by irrigating the soil. Of the European nations, France is the most wealthy, not through her excellent manufactories or her resources, but because every square yard of her soil is made to yield its most, and because of the immense savings of her thrifty farmers. Russia's unlimited agricultural resources foreshadow her becoming the most influential power of the Old World. And what has agriculture done for the New World? The grain of the United States has been the only coin with which the capitalists there have been able to pay interest on the enormous Enerlish investments in railways and industries, and Canada is paying in like manner to-day. Every wide awake state and country is realizing the importance of this question, and is leaving no stone unturned or opportunity passed over to secure settlers. Australia is receiving from England thousands of immigrants, who, with government assistance, are carried twelve thousand miles for between fifteen and twenty dollars, and the securing of homesteads is made easy for them. New Zealand is pressing the advantages of her climate; Japan is teaching her subjects, new and old, to make the land give up its limit of production. The settling of the great North-West has revealed a granary of imperial capacity, a stream of production that is fast becoming a river of such enormous influence as to be the controlling pivot around which the broader questions of government and destiny of the world's greatest empire must centre. The revelation of prairie production has brought the hardened farmer from Dakota to secure the sweeter fruits of labor obtainable in Alberta, and has awakened too late the diplomats of Uncle Sam to seek closer trade relations with so prosperous a neighbor. And how about British Columbia, where nature has provided a magnificent western doorway to receive the products of the ports of Europe and the Pacific ocean, and man has created a great railway centre to distribute them throughout half of our continent? These commanding advantages mean a large population and quick development of our lower mainland, and we may well ask ourselves,—Are we providing for the future need of British Columbia in agriculture? Are we even making any reasonable effort to provide for the present? Figures are dry reading, but a few may be to the point: The production of British Columbia for 1909 was $82,500,000. This includes mining, lumber, fishing, and agriculture, the latter representing one-tenth of the whole. Our imports of agricultural products, which two years ago were $8,000,000, are now in the neighborhood of $16,000,000. Between 1904 and 1909 our exports increased only 45%, while our imports doubled and are rapidly increasing. Mining, our largest producing asset, has only increased 50% since 1903, and it is evident that our natural products cannot increase as rapidly as our imports are increasing. We know to our cost that living is high; and that with thousands Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 of acres of the finest kind of hay as well as other agricultural lands at our doors in the Fraser Valley waiting development, that a trainload of hay was actually received at recent date from the Province of Quebec. For the $16,000,000 worth of farm produce we import, we are are paying good gold, every dollar of which is lost to this Province, though it is sorely needed for re-investment and development. We must remember the great difficulties of attaining the desired object of getting settlers on the agricultural lands of this Province, but so absolutely necessary is it to British Columbia as to demand the greatest possible efforts to that end. There is but little suitable land near present communication that is not held at prices that drive away settlers without considerable capital, and the easy to purchase and easy to plow lands of the prairie are ever before the settler. By survey and enquiry the Government has ascertained that we have 81,- 000,000 acres of agricultural lands throughout the Province. One-tenth is possibly wheat lands, and if one hundredth part of these were well settled and cultivated, that $16,000,000 might stay annually within our Province. A large part of these lands is not reasonably accessible to any market, and for this reason the Government cannot and does not encourage settlers to locate on them, requiring as they do, pack horses to reach, and rafts when rivers have to be crossed. There are difficult problems of clearing and draining, or irrigating and building lines of communication. The Provincial Government's policy is to build roads and survey lands in the vicinity of coming railroads. It has already, and wisely, reserved large SEPHA >' A SCENE NEAR BASQUE, WHERE IRRIGATION BRINGS GREAT FERTILITY tracts of lands in various parts for genuine settlers alone. It gives financial assistance to dairying, encourages fruit growing, supports farming institutions. It will, I feel sure, assist any sound agricultural proposition. But do not present circumstances demand some more practical and definite policy of securing settlers at once, on the most accessible of the agricultural lands available? Settlers, it should be remembered, are knocking at our doors by thousands. Could not a scheme of assisting settlement be inaugurated, with the brains and knowledge and money at the disposal of the Government? Why not create a department with this great object? Why not select a few localities, place a government agent in each, assist to clear or drain or irrigate; subsidise a steamboat service or even a railway, for securing communication? Why not get busy and have a few spots to which settlers could be directed, and where they could be encouraged to settle? Such a policy, no matter how expensive, would, I feel, have the endorsa- tion of every well wisher of this Province. A generous policy on these lines would be warmly welcomed. We must never forget that in times of depression we shall not always have the rapid increase of land values to pay our imports with, and that the farming industry is the least affected and becomes the prop of other industries. In times of prosperity it is judicious to spend the money realized from the sales of desirable lands for the development of those less accessible. COAL A Great and Enduring Asset which will be a Vital Factor in the Development of Big Industries in British Columbia (Natural Resources Series, No. 3) HNE of the greatest and most substantial of British Columbia's natural assets is coal. Widely distributed in the Province are coal deposits which give every indication of being extensive enough to supply fuel in great quantities for many centuries to come. A large proportion of these coal fields have yet been mined but slightly or not at all. There is no doubt that the production of coal in British Columbia will become larger and larger as the years pass, and will con tinuously augment the wealth of the Province. There has already been, for a number of years, an annual increase in the mining and marketing of British Columbia coal. This increase has been fairly regular, amounting to a yearly increment of between fifty thousand and sixty thousand tons, with an increase in the annual output of coke of from thirty-five tons ten years ago to 258,703 tons in 1909. The marked expansion of the coke industry has been due to the development of ore smelting within the Province. As an indication of the development of coal mining, the production in 1909 was greater than in any previous year, and, though the official statistics for 1910 have not, of course, yet been announced, it is believed that the production this year will materially exceed that of 1909. The total value of all the coal produced and used as coal in the Province in 1909 was $7,022,666, representing 2,- 400,600 tons of coal. Of these 394,124 tons were consumed in making coke, which had a value of $1,522,218, making the total value of the products of the 191 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 collieries $8,574,884. This was an increase over 1908 of $1,218,018, or a little over 16%. ^Vancouver Island has made so far the largest coal production in ny one section. The Island's output in 1909 was 1,414,525 tons. East Kootenay came next with 923,865 tons, and Nicola, in the south central part of the Province, was third with 62,210 tons. The coal areas of Vancouver Island are well distributed, extending in general from Saanich to Seymour Narrows, along the east coast; from Fort McNeil to Fort Rupert, and reaching to Coal Harbor on Quitsino Sound. There are also valuable coal deposits in the Alberni and San Juan Districts. A new chapter in the history of the coal fields on Van- Ladysmith__and Union Bay will be remodelled and, in general, a most progressive campaign inaugurated, involving the employment of thousands of men for the complete development of the great holdings of the new company known as the Canadian Collieries. These holdings embrace the coal beneath the land grants of the Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway, consisting of tracts of 1,900,000 acres on the east coast of the Island, with a width of from fifteen to thirty miles, and extending from Saanich to Campbell River, a distance of one hundred and sixty miles. In addition to this proved coal area, there are croppings in various districts which are traceable for miles and indicate rich deposits beneath. The areas which have thus far contributed show expansion and will yield increasing wealth. East Kootenay was not far behind Vancouver Island in its coal production in 1909, and the output here is increasing in greater ratio than anywhere else in the Province. While only about forty per cent, of the total coal sold by the British Columbia collieries in 1909 was exported to the United States, the East Kootenay collieries exported across the border about 72 per cent, of their coal output. Crow's Nest Pass, located in the extreme south-east, is the principal coal producing center of the East Kootenay section. The Similkameen Valley also has a substantial coal production, with the center of the industry located at Princeton. The Flathead sec- Mp? HwW I9D8.- rife »n@ a*.-* ■acsy»--iia3g iWfrS sfe ,C.': Bore*ri' of'-MM*** i.O*A. couver Island was begun last year when Messrs. Mackenzie & Mann purchased from the Dunsmuir Company their extensive holdings and collieries for $11,000,000. In connection with this purchase it has been announced that about $3,000,- 000 will be spent in opening and equip- ing new coal mines and increasing the outputs of the present collieries by the adoption of the most modern methods and machinery in coal mining. One of the features of the new plan will be the utilization of a 50,000 horse power waterfall in the Comox District, situated on the east coast of the Island, for the generation of electricity which will be so distributed that it will operate two lines of railway, various machine shops and the coal mines. The shipping docks at ENTRANCE TO TUNNELL, HOSMER COLLIERIES most to the total production are the •Extension and the Comox fields. The first is situated inland on tide water about ten miles from Ladysmith, which town is located on the east coast of the Island, south-west of Vancouver. The Comox field is about seventy-five miles inland from the shipping port of Union Bay. These mines are connected by standard gauge railways with the shipping ports. The collieries at Extension have a daily output of fifteen hundred tons, and have employed one thousand men, with a monthly payroll of $70,000. These big operations, however, will become small in comparison with the whole industry as it will develop on Vancouver Island within the next few years. It is quite safe to say that for many years coal mining on Vancouver Island will tion, near the international boundary, has coal croppings, and is being actively prospected. The third important coal producing section is the Nicola Valley. Here is a large coal basin which has received as yet but little attention except in the stratas on or near the surface by the companies which are now operating in this field. The years immediately ahead of us will undoubtedly see a great increase in coal production in the valley, and the towns of Merritt, Coutlee, and others will become centers in the coal mining industry. These three sections, Vancouver Island, East Kootenay and the Nicola Valley, are the only ones in which coal mining has been carried on to any important extent, but there are other coal Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 19 areas which are even larger and give every indication of eventually swelling in great degree the coal production of the Province. The Rocky Mountain coal fields lying on either side of the main ridge of the Rocky Mountains in British Columbia and Alberta, have been said by authorities to be the most extensive coal areas in Canada. About eighty per cent, of the coal here is believed to be on the British Columbia side. Very few people recognize the remarkable extent of these fields, or the enormous influence that they will have on the future of the country. As is well known, the coal fields of Pennsylvania have made that State the greatest manufacturing section of the Union. The history of Pennsylvania will probably be duplicated in south-eastern British Columbia because of its wealth in coal. This section is beginning to develop rapidly, and promises to become, at no distant date, the Pennsylvania of the Pacific Slope. The northern area of the Rocky Mountain coal fields begins about twenty-four miles north of Michael Creek and extends northward to the head waters of the Elk River, a distance of about forty miles. The maximum width of the area is about seven miles. It embraces altogether about one hundred and forty square miles, and contains, according to the estimate of D. B. Dowling of the Geological Survey of Canada, about fourteen billion tons of high grade bituminous coal. These coalfields, as far as known, are held by companies or syndicates, which, for the mining of the coal, are awaiting improved transportation facilities. The Canadian Pacific Railway and the Great Northern Railway both have lines constructed as far up the Elk River as Michael Prairie at the mouth of Michael Creek. From here a line has been surveyed as far north as Aldridge Creek, a distance of forty- eight miles. This road will have so slight a grade that its construction will be comparatively easy and inexpensive. Short spurs will be built from it to various points to open up the coal, all of which lies to the east of the Elk River Valley. The southern portion of the Elk River coalfield has a length, north and south, of about thirty miles, and a maximum width of twelve or thirteen miles. Its estimated area is two hundred and thirty miles, and its largest shipping point is the town of Fernie. The Crow's Nest coalfield is undoubtedly on the same general zone as the upper Elk River field, but, through geological action, has been separated from it by about twenty-four miles of country which is now barren of coal. The northern field, while fairly well surveyed and mapped, has as yet only been prospected. Its great importance in production lies in the future. Another section of British Columbia which has much potentiality in coal production is the Peace River country, lying about five hundred miles to the north of the location already mentioned. This part of British Columbia has been but little explored as yet, but, according to a government agent who has penetrated and studied the region, it has a great asset in coal. The zone is reported to extend southward from the Peace River between the 122nd and 123rd degrees of longitude, and to have a length sufficient to give it promise of becoming eventually as large a contributor to the coal production of British Columbia as the Crow's Nest fields. At about the same high latitude, but between two and three hundred miles farther west, are good coal prospects along the Upper Skeena and Naas rivers. Still another section which gives great promise of wealth in coal is Graham Island, at the northern end of the Queen Charlotte group. The isolation of Graham Island kept it more or less obscure until the town of Prince Rupert was founded as the western terminus of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. This industrial development has made the islands easily accessible, and has brought the coal deposits on Graham Island conspicuously to the attention of the public. Large areas of coal exist both at Robertson's and Wilson's camps, and give indications of an extent which will make them one of the largest producing tracts of unbroken coal lands on the Pacific Coast. They lie less than one hundred miles from Prince Rupert, and will be provided with excellent shipping facilities to the various important coal markets of the world. British Columbia capitalists have already acquired much of this coal area and are starting an active campaign of development and production. British Columbia's coal deposits, located approximately at her four corners, as one may see by consulting a map, are destined to play a great part in the industrial development of the Province. Success on a Fraser Valley Fruit Ranch By D. H. Nelson T was two years ago last March that I started in to cut the first timber on my place near Abbottsford. I now have fifteen acres under cultivation and about ten acres under pasture. I have 550 fruit trees planted. Last spring I started a nursery and grafted 8,400 one-year-old seedling stocks; the varieties being the Northern Spy, Jonathan, and Golden apples for a late fruit, and the Graven- stein and King of Tompkins for fall apples. I was very careful about my scions for grafting, sending for them to one of the most reliable fruit growers in the Province. The young nursery has done very well. I intend in 1911 to graft 10,000 French crab-apple stocks for which I have sent direct to France, because the French crab-apple seed makes, I have learned, a better and hardier root for grafting than the native stock. Next spring I expect to plant about 200 more apple trees, the varieties being the Northern Spy, Jonathan and the Grimes Golden. These three varieties are my choice for winter apples. For fall apples my experience has been that the Graven- stein, Wealthy, and King are preferable. A fruit grower who goes into the market with these six varieties is bound to sell them at good prices. On a ten-acre plot I would plant twenty each of Gravensteins, Wealthy, King, Northern Spy and Grimes Golden for fall and winter apples. For summer apples I would plant two Yellow Trans- parents and six Duchess of Oldenberg. As to fruit trees other than apple, I would plant in plums, one Bradshaw, one Yellow Egg, one Italian Prune; in cherries, six Bing and two Royal Ann; in early pears, two Bartletts; in October pears six Sheld'ons. This last variety has always done well for me and has always found a ready market at good prices. I give my permanent trees, such as the Northern Spy, a space thirty feet wide and thirty-five feet in the rows, and set the other varieties in the rows seventeen and a half feet between the Spys. This gives me thirty feet of clear space for raising strawberries and other small fruits. I prefer the square method in planting trees. The young trees should have a clean cultivation. A man starting in on a new place cannot always give them this, in which case he should cultivate a space about three feet around each 1911 tree, digging a good foot deep in the early part of February and keeping the surface hoed during the spring and summer until about the last of July. A good muck of red clover is excellent for young trees where you have not much farm manure. This should be plowed under in September and harrowed well down so that it will rot for the coming spring. You can plant lo advantage about seventy trees to the acre, and, for the first OPPORTUNITIES thousand dollars a year. It is necessary to say, though, that you cannot count much on financial returns from your fruit trees until they are six or seven years old, and in the case of Northern Spys, until they are eight or nine years old. But in the meantime a good living can be obtained from other fruits and from vegetables, if your ranch is located within fairly easy reach of the large markets, in which the supply for fruit and vegetables three or four years, can grow strawberries between the rows. These should be kept back from the trees about six feet on each side so that you will have plenty of room to drive your sled along for spraying the trees and keeping them clean. A man is foolish who thinks that after he has planted his trees they will look after themselves. This is a mistake that causes some growers to become discouraged. They get this feeling not because good profits cannot be made in fruit growing here, but because the prospect of a lot of work discourages them. Take the item of strawberries alone. An acre in strawberries in a good year will yield, clear of expenses, $400, and this is a low estimate. Moreover, you can raise potatoes and other vegetables between your trees. The total profit a man can derive from a ten or fifteen- acre fruit farm depends very largely upon the man, but after the farm is well started this profit ought to be several A FLOURISHING PEAR TREE at good prices is not often equal to the demand. As to the cost of starting as a fruit grower, you must first take the price of your land into consideration. Good acreage around Abbottsford, which is representative of the best sections of the Fraser Valley, is held at from $250 to $300 an acre uncleared. In addition to this you must figure on from $100 to $150 an acre for clearing and preparing the land for planting. A man ought to have between $5,000 and $6,000 to make a good start on ten acres. He can buy on time, paying $1,000 down and the balance over a term of, say three years. After he has made this payment he must have enough money left to build a home to live in, and a barn and chicken houses. He must be able to buy a good horse, a plough, cultivator, a light wagon and harness, and tools. He can clear two or three acres a year as he gets time. 1 would say to leave the stumps for three or four years because, although they PROFITABLE VEGETABLE GROWING Onions, carrots, potatoes, beets, celery and cabbage are the principal roots and vegetables grown for shipment, and the men growing them are making money out of them. Large returns can be made at vegetable farming, if the person farming understands his business and gives his attention to the work. This peat land, which was at one time supposed to be good for very little, is the very best to be found for gardening, and the yields from it are enormous. This year, which was one of the driest seasons that Chilliwack has experienced for some time, a yield of 12 tons of cabbage has been had from the land. This product, when sold by the carload lot, nets the farmer $22 and $23 per ton; for smaller shipments $25 a ton is made. Another product of the garden that yields big returns is celery. This truck yielded easily five tons to the acre and an average price for it is $80 a ton. Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 191 f V On Eluding Responsibility A Suggestion for the New Year, from " Opinions1 of Mary" ========== By Alice Ashworth Townley = ^ J F you want to have what you do for people really appreciated, don't do too much. I've been thinking this thing out and gathering data, and talking to Mary on the subject, and have reluctantly accepted the obtrusive conclusion that the people who are most self-sacrificing and unselfish receive far less praise and gratitude than those who rarely indulge in the pleasure of doing anything for their neighbors. From those who are always considerate we are apt to take kindness and attention as a right, while, received from people from whom it is not expected, we are quite overcome. In nearly every family you find some member of whom nothing is expected. It may be a careless and inattentive son, upon whom his mother thankfully waits. He must not be expected to take his sisters anywhere, because a young man hates to be trammelled. No one dreams of his staying at home to help entertain heavy guests, or taking his mother home from church, or doing anything in a social way that does not commend itself to him as being pleasant and agreeable. His linen must be immaculate, his possessions unborrowed by the rest of the family, and domestic arrangements made to fit in as nearly as may be with his ideas on the subject. No one expects him to light the furnace, or bring up coal, or clean away the snow. I don't say he refuses to do it—but no one seems to think it possible he might be called upon. Then some day, if he takes his mother out for a drive or asks his sister to go to the theatre (when his best girl has disappointed him, and he has tickets), they nearly weep with delight and gratitude, and say to one another, "Such a good fellow after all! So kind and thoughtful!" As a rule the family are all very fond and proud of this representative, and grateful to be allowed to contribute to his happiness. Or it may be a pretty daughter who is absolved by mutual consent from all exertion on behalf of others. She may not have been very strong in her childhood; she may be incompetent, or she may be the beauty. She is not fond of cooking, and does not care for plain sewing. Fresh air is good for her. So her mother and sisters make her clothes and help her dress her hair, and let her sleep late in the mornings and accept every invitation that comes her way; and think not to suggest that she should wash the dishes or stay at home and get the dinner on Sunday morning. No one expects her to accept any responsibility or let the rest of the family play her pieces of music or borrow her bracelets. She does not always need to be cranky about it—they somehow don't seem to presume upon her good nature. There appears to be an understanding that she is not to sit up at night if anyone is sick, or to have to read to her grandmother, or do without a new hat—no one expects it of her. If she makes an eatable cake or trims a bonnet for her mother, the whole family are lost in admiration of her cleverness (though any one of her sisters does much more without notice). It is "See this lovely cake, father; Maude made it! Isn't she getting to be a fine cook?" "Thank you, my dear, for trimming my bonnet so beautifully; they couldn't have done it better at Murray's!" If she gives her little sister a ribbon she doesn't need, the child is as pleased as Punch—and should she offer to read to her grandmother, the old lady is as grateful as if she had no right to expect such an attention every day of her life. So it seems to me that if you accustom surrounding people to the idea that you must be considered by them, and that they need not depend upon you in return, you get more praise and glory when you do exert yourself for their benefit than if you were always at it. If you are known to be amiable and unselfish, people take it as a matter of course that you should put yourself aside. They take it for granted that you do work and unpleasant things because—in some mysterious way—they come easy to you or you like it; and if you should desire a little pleasure yourself or give up relieving them of their duties, they possibly let you know what they think of such an unreasonable and utterly selfish creature. If you want appreciation, be advised, and don't make your good office too much of a certainty. I was in a house the other day where a fond mother who was dressing her child displayed to me an ugly and badly- made little pinafore. "This," she told me, as she put it on, "was made by. Aunty May; wasn't it good of her? She so seldom does anything of that kind that I feel quite complimented; it's awfully good of her!" Nearly every other garment on the child—and dozens more like them—had been fashioned by another relative who was sitting by, but nothing was said of them. Aunt Jessie' was "fond of sewing," and "always did things" for one, so why make any remark about it? There are so many ways of eluding work or responsibility, and nearly always somebody will turn up to assume the burden if you don't. You can do the "standing from under" act quite gracefully, and in such a way that very few will recognize it. It is not in the least necessary to make a fuss or be unpleasant over it—there are many admirable plans in daily use. One good way, in the family circle anyhow, is to be "perfectly willing" but rather stupid and find difficulty in understanding the mechanism and working of quite ordinary things—how pipes are put up, and clocks wound, and doors fastened, and the lawn-mower oiled, and the furnace regulated. If you are very stupid about learning (you can stop the clock a couple of times, put the fire out by opening wrong dampers, and let them find the back door unlocked a few mornings), and cause enough difficulty and annoyance, they will give up trying to teach you and do it themselves. Then, be forgetful. With the best intentions in the world, suffer from lapse of memory. If you are young, and your mother bids you mind the baby, "and be sure not to let him get into mischief or dirty himself," become interested in something else and allow him to play in all the puddles and wander out into the roadway and get knocked down (you can see that he does not absolutely get killed). Let him pull up all the flowers in the garden and give his new hat to the puppy to tear to pieces. You can be awfully sorry—but you "forgot!" The same with messages. Play on the road, or lose the money, or bring home the wrong thing. You may get a few whippings, but if you persevere they will stop bothering you, and some of your more dependable brothers or sisters will be pressed into service. A poor memory is a fine thing for a married man, too. If he persistently neglects to order things, buys ridiculous articles she doesn't want—pretending he thought that was what she told him— 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 invariably loses all the samples she gives him, and mislays every parcel entrusted to his charge, his wife will cease to depend upon him and attend to things herself. I know it's hard to consciously go home to a hurriedly procured beefsteak because you must swear you forgot the lamb and green peas she told you to order—but, like the whippings, it's worth it, securing, as it does later, your emancipation from domestic care. As a rule if you do everything badly enough, and always make a point of forgetting what you were told, or getting the directions hopelessly mixed, you may with impunity politely offer your services without the dread of having your assistance accepted. This makes it very comfortable for you, shows a pleasing spirit of willingness on your part, and yet pre vents your being imposed upon. The impression is given that if you only knew how to help you would labor vastly, but somehow you confess you are not much good at that sort of thing. It's a splendid idea to find most things very difficult to learn. If you give enough trouble and destroy a good deal of material—always perfectly willing, but a little awkward— people will give up trying to teach you and do it themselves as the least evil. Discreetly doled out praise, especially if you are not commonly very lavish of that commodity, is an excellent means to induce others to relieve you of disagreeable tasks—particularly if the person you wish to work upon be rather young and impressionable. There are always some ridiculously willing creatures in the world ready and glad to wear their fingers to the bone for a word of commendation or appreciation. Praise them. They might as well be working for you as for anyone else. Thank them sweetly. Tell them you really don't know what you should have done without their help. Be amazed at their dexterity and apparent ease of accomplishment. As likely as not they will generously volunteer to do the whole thing for you, and feel quite repaid by your thanks and approbation. And these incomprehensible people rarely find out that they are being imposed upon; one who understands how to manage it can get an immense amount of exertion out of them. Oh, there are many ways of shirking your fair share!—if you care to go in for doing that sort of thing. Fostering British Columbia Art By Mary Daniell OTHING, perhaps, marks the real progress of a great city as much as the interest taken generally in art matters. The study of the fine arts has ever been the hall-mark of education and refinement. It is equally an indication of 'set-fair" in the municipal barometer. Equally in the old country as in new communities utility must be considered first, but when the wooden shacks and log cabins give way to stone buildings, and streets are widened, there must be public gardens and a use of the art of the sculptor; the picture gallery must be inaugurated. Otherwise the new city is neglecting an important phase of progress in the real civilization. The city of Hull, on the Humber, has just completed a fine art gallery, with an impressive marble staircase, and other features of a fitting temple for the conservation of those things in life which are fine and beautiful. I do not know of a less likely city for such an art building. Hull, as I remember it many years ago, is by no means that which would attract an artist. But the city is very "sporting" as regards offering inducement to painters to make the best of Hull, and I have no doubt that before long some fine paintings will be sent forth from the city to let the wide world know that there is a glory, never dreamed of by the general public, in that cheerless, smoky manufacturing town by the colorless river. Artists, as a rule, are sensitive to surrounding influences, and require sympathy in others before their best work can be done. When they reach a place where there is no sympathy, they move on.. The point for a city to consider is whether art is useful as a commercial asset or not. One need not be an artist when travelling in Europe to know that the first question of the tourist on arriv- and fine church in Prague, where was some of the finest stone carving I ever saw. It was so old that the name of the architect and almost the date of the building had been erased by the finger of time. But down in a dark crypt, and -"-Si* . KW* » BRITISH COLUMBIA MOUNTAIN SCENE From a Painting1 by Mrs. Daniell ing in a strange town is, what pictures and churches there are to be seen? Both are everywhere in profusion, because in times long passed, cities as well as individuals did their best to foster art in all its branches. I remember a very old behind a door which opened back against the door, where none could see unless they went to look for it, was an exquisite piece of carving, just as beautiful as that which appeared in the full light of the day above. This is the true spirit of art Page 24 OPPORTUNITIES 191 —the same spirit which made Fra Angelico paint his sacred subjects on his knees, and which gave us the beautiful work of the monks of the middle ages. In this hurrying age, where utility is of the first importance, consideration of the beautiful is apt to be overlooked, and undervalued. The arts and crafts societies all over the world have done much to prevent many industries and crafts from being completely forgotten—and in a new country they are calculated to do at least as much good, for, living so far from centers of art, there is little to remind us of what painting and sculpture really are. It is well known that until a few years ago American artists had to go to London and Paris for recognition. The reason was not far to seek. The millionaire who bought pictures had, as a rule, no knowledge of art, and, not caring to trust to his own judgment, purchased only the work of artists well known in the great cities of Europe. His children, better educated, are better qualified to judge, and act accordingly, thus encouraging artists to remain on this continent. The right education of the., children will bring picture galleries to every city. It has long been held as a matter of regret among lovers of art in Victoria that artists come to the city, but do not remain; and it is to* create some feeling of friendliness and goodwill toward them that the "Island Arts Club" has been started. Though it came into existence only a year ago, it now has about eighty members. Great things often develop from small beginnings, and it has been felt that if something can be done to arouse interest in art and crafts generally, much in this direction can be accomplished. A great deal can be done by cooperation that cannot be effected otherwise. The club already has good work to its credit. Mr. J. J. Shallcross, the President, has thrown himself into the work in a whole-souled manner that is beyond praise, and his well known good taste as a critic is one of the best guarantees of the future success of the club. The entry fee is the nominal one of two dollars a year, and the club meets once a month at the Alexandra Club rooms, where art matters are discussed, and specimens of handicraft of all kinds are displayed, as well as prints, etchings, engravings and examples of Oriental arts and crafts. The first exhibition of the club, held at the Victoria Fair last September, was acknowledged by those best qualified to judge to be the best collection of modern pictures ever seen in Victoria. The specimens of handicraft, though few in number, were of a high order of merit. Some very fine and beautiful designs executed in wood, copper, etc., in highly finished style, were greatly admired. There were also fine examples of book covers, the making of which is an art in itself. I should like to see again some of the charming necklaces and ornaments which are often seen at arts and crafts exhibitions elsewhere, and which are very popular in England. No doubt we will have these later on. There is bent iron work, too, which vvould find many admirers if good example-; of u could be seen. I know of one lady in the West End of London who has quite the monopoly of fire screens in this material. It is not as hard to manipulate as it looks, and the results are most satisfactory. No doubt this beautiful craft, and also work in brass and copper, will be taken up as it should be here. At any rate, the Island Arts Club has come to stay, and it is to be hoped that it will receive the support and encouragement due it from all lovers of the beautiful. I The Call of Basque ^ Where Orchards and Sunshine bring Prosperity and Contentment N numerous regions of the world there are dry belts, which, in all likelihood, will never be anything but barren wastes, because there are neither rain clouds nor streams to furnish water for the thirsty soil. In British Columbia there are dry sections, but these need not and do not remain dry, because there are streams ready with ample water to awaken the parched land into luxuriant fertility. This is strikingly true in the Ashcroft District, in the south central p'art of the Province, where at Basque and other points, the original product of sage brush is giving way more and more to orchards and fields of vegetables. This region has about three hundred and forty days of sunshine in the year; its rainfall is about ten inches. This' is not enough for vegetation that yields food for man, and so it was that in the early days most of the travellers to British Columbia who saw the Ashcroft District passed on without delay. They could see no promise of fertility in the gray volcanic ash and gravel which is .the characteristic soil of this locality. They did not know that here was dirt containing more of the elements of enduring riches than that which carries virgin gold. ' They could not look into the future and see orchards of golden fruit on this land. To their eyes it was wholly barren. Thus it was that few of them remained, despite the sparkle of the sunshine and the tonic in the air. But among the few who did linger were some natives of southern Europe, where, on the slopes of the Pyrenees mountains they had seen soil of volcanic ash sustain luxuriant vineyards and olive groves. They recognized the similarity of soils, and settled down, naming the locality Basque, after the little section of Europe which they had left. They provided primitive irrigation and planted orchards, some of which are flourishing to this day. But these Europeans were not to remain in sole possession. Others came; CONSTRUCTING WATER PIPE FOR THIRSTY LAND 191 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 they extended the irrigation operations, and now the fruits and vegetables of Basque are commanding more and more attention at the agricultural exhibitions and in the important markets. It has been discovered that in this region the conditions for such fruits as apples and cherries, and for a number of the staple vegetables, are ideal. Insect pests, for example, cannot exist in air as dry and clear as that at Basque, and so it is that the fruit of the locality is never attacked by the small insidious enemies which are so prone to ravage orchards elsewhere. Neither scale nor blight, nor any other fruit disease gets a hold upon the apples of Ashcroft and Basque. The apples and cherries and other fruits On the Basque Fruit Farms, for instance, there will be a reservoir which will supply water to the extent of thirty inches for each acre for all of the four thousand acres of this holding. Since it has been already proved that the soil makes a rich response when its thirst is assuaged, there are comprehensive plans for even more extensive irrigation. But man has done more for this region than to awaken its fertility. It has been put within comparatively easy reach of the big markets. The Canadian Pacific Railway runs through Basque, with three express trains a day connecting it with Vancouver, two hundred miles away. The main line of the Canadian Northern Railway, now in $1.25 to $1.60 a box. Another orchard in this vicinity, the property of a feminine grower, well known as the "Widow Smith," has won wide fame. This orchard has been producing for forty years. About twenty-eight acres are under cultivation, and for the last ten years the average annual shipment has been ten thousand boxes. This season sixteen thousand boxes have been shipped at prices ranging from $1.10 to $1.60 a box on the trees. Mrs. Smith's orchard is noted not only for the quantity of its yield but also for its quality. Her apples for ten years in succession have taken first prizes at the Victoria and New Westminster fairs. They were awarded at the Apple Show in Spokane last year .adH; **&mt0*.: ft IPr M ■■$m$Wm &J&!$&i&& atfJHMS &e$M if& :3£ A FARMHOUSE AND IRRIGATED GARDEN AT BASQUE draw rich nutriment from the volcanic course of construction, will also run ash just as soon as the dryness of the through Basque and will materially Soil is mitigated by irrigation. For this expand the markets for its fruit and reason, progressive men have busied vegetables. Thus it is that the section themselves with big projects to bring looms up with rich promise for the future. The best idea of what the future will bring to Basque may be obtained by a bench lands of Basque will contribute brief glance at the present beginnings to the markets not only apples, cherries there. One firm of fruit growers has and potatoes, but numerous other fruits orchards which for the last thirty years and vegetables, and when thousands of have been yielding Golden Russet, plenty of water to this eager region. They are paving the way to the time in the near future when the beautiful people will live at Basque in prosperity and contentment. Mr. W. II. Hammond and others have big and scientific plans for giving settlers rich opportunities in small farms, but their first ^tep is to furnish water. Grimes Golden, Spitzenberg, Northern Spy, Jonathan, Baldwin, Rhode Nland Greening, Delaware Red, Winesap and Winter Banana apples. The yield has been from ten to thirty boxes a tree and the prices on the trees have run from three gold medals and a silver cup. Their crowning triumph was at the exhibition of The Royal Horticulture Society in London, England, where they were awarded the gold medal over competitors from numerous nations.' Not only apples but cherries flourish surprisingly at Basque. The cherry trees yield from seven to ten boxes to a tree with a value of $1.25 to $1.60 a box unpicked. Pears and plums do equally as well, and prunes, peaches and apricots are of excellent quality. Cherries ripen early in May, and currants and raspberries early in June. Yet this region does not depend wholly upon its fruit. The Ashcroft potatoes Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 191 are famed along the Pacific Coast. The yield for 1910 approximated sixteen tons of potatoes to the acre and sold at $22.50 a ton. This means a yield of $350 an acre for potatoes, with an unlimited market. There are excellent crops of corn, with ears from twelve to eighteen inches long, and yielding from seventy- five to one hundred and twenty-five MOWING IN THE ASHCROFT DISTRICT bushels to the acre. Asparagus is ready for the market in April, and tomatoes, ripening early, are as good as those grown anywhere else in the world. The vegetables do not require separate fields, being grown between the rows of fruit trees. In addition to prosperity from the products of the earth the settler may find pleasant living in this vicinity. Over the Canadian- Pacific Railway there is easy communication with the outside world. There are churches, schools and other! facilities for advancement and contentment. The people of Basque reflect in their eyes the brightness of the sunshine and the high promise of the future. Y far the greatest need in British Columbia to-day is the need for more producers. We have plenty of consumers; their number is increasing daily. People are flocking to this Province from all over the continent, and from the British Isles, but most of them, unfortunately, add nothing directly to the wealth of the Province in the vital matter of continuous production. They bring in each case a certain amount of capital with them, but only a comparatively small part of this money stays here. It is sent to Eastern Canada and the United States, and to some extent to England, for the necessaries of life, which we could and most certainly ought to produce right here at home. There are large surpluses in the British Columbia banks, but these are chiefly the results of money which is brought in, and not of production here. The situation is that British Columbia is continually eating into its principal, and the danger in this situation is that the The Need for Dairying ,;:':;i By C. S. McKee, M. D. Secretary of the Vancouver Medical Association time will come when this process of sending away money, or spending principal, will bring us to a point where the financial market will be in a state of stagnation, and where the cost of living, because of inadequate supplies and the high charges of hauling commodities from a distance, will have become so great as to bring immigration to a standstill. I do not say that this will happen. I do not believe it will happen, but it is a danger which lies in the remarkably rapid increase in the population of consumers in this Province. What we must do is to produce more. In some way or another we must bring here more people who will get down to the ground, who will devote themselves to the work of growing food for this great population. This is not alone a vital need of the Province; it is a big opportunity for the settler. I have already indicated that our markets are continuously expanding. Always the cry is for more, more. Not only does the grower have the advantage of a great and surely developing market, but he also has the advantage of soil and climatic conditions which are excelled nowhere in the world for producing^ most of the staple articles of food. Because of my position as secretary of the Vancouver Medical Association and Milk Commissioner, my attention has been brought specifically to milk, and in regard to this highly important food I can say that the demand is so far outstripping the supply that there is a danger of a serious milk shortage in Vancouver next summer. We must have more milk, and therefore we must encourage and foster in every possible way the industry of dairying. In the lower Fraser Valley there are great opportunities for milk production, and in the no less fertile valleys of the interior and on Vancouver Island there are fine openings for butter and cheese making. I can say from a careful investigation of this subject that dairying 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 11 offers larger opportunities in British Columbia than any other branch of agricul- sture, and this is saying a good deal. A man with a forty-acre farm within easy reach of the markets of Vancouver can, by specializing in the production of milk, in combination with the raising of butter, small fruits and vegetables, make a moderate fortune within a few years. This, however, is not a proposition for a man without means. While excellent land for dairy farming can be obtained on easy terms, the price per acre is not particularly low if the land is close to transportation. In the interior, however, land is cheap. It will rise in value with the extension of railroad systems, and can be made to yield increasing profits. To start on a dairy farm for himself, a man should have an initial capital of between $2,500 and $5,000. More than this, he should understand the business. If he has a general knowledge of it he can acquire a knowledge of the specific conditions in British Columbia by coming here and beginning on a dairy farm, where he can get work without difficulty at good wages. He must acquire an understanding of the special conditions of British Columbia dairying, which, because of climate and some other reasons, are in some respects unlike those of other countries. Many men who are already doing a good dairying business in British Columbia are not making nearly as much as they might for the reason that they are overlooking important details. One of the greatest sources of loss to the dairyman lies in the lack of knowledge of the exact productivity of his cows. Careful experiments in other sections in this highly important phase of dairying have shown that at least half of the cows in certain herds have been encumbrances rather than profit-makers. The other half in these instances have carried the whole herd. The dairyman who desires to obtain an exact knowledge of the value of each of his cows must know the average yield of each animal. Where the yield of a cow does not come up to the standard that he has set as necessary to make his herd profitable, he must discard this cow without delay. In this way the dead weight can be eliminated; work can be made more effective and the dairy farm much more profitable. The experienced dairyman of the East who has a herd of known capacity can bring it to British Columbia, after he has selected his farm here, and make more money in the business than he ever did before. The trouble with the British Columbia dairyman is that he has made money so easily that, in many cases, he has become careless. He has no excuse for lack of knowledge because the Provincial Government is supplying information as to <em i®MMm& DEEP CLOVER FOR COWS NEAR MASSET, QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS how to get the most and best out of a herd, and is constantly adding to its force of field instructors. The methods of dairying and handling milk are steadily improving. Yet we must have better dairying and a great deal more of it. Here lies, as I have already said, one of the Province's most vital needs and one of its best opportunities. CAMBORNE AWAKENING |HAT Camborne, dormant for the last four or five years, is picking up, is evident. The indications of reviving are every- Grading of the site of the proposed works of the Canadian Sumner Iron Works on a thirty-acre tract in Burnaby, near the Boundary Road, is under way. The plant will be completed and in operation next March. It will represent an investment in plant and buildings of $250,000 and between two and three hundred men will be employed. Great Increase in Grain Acreage. Crop areas in 1898 under cultivation, Province of Alberta: Wheat, 31.300 acres; oats, 38,800 acres; barley, 8,700 acres; total, 78,800 acres. Crop areas in 1909—Wheat, 426,630 acres; oats, 693,900 acres; barley, 107,- 760 acres; total, 1,228,380 acres. Increase in twelve years, about 1,500 per cent. where to be seen. In Camborne there are both gold and silver mines. Of the former, the Berniere, Lucky Jack, and Nelson are fitting samples, where rich leads have been discovered lately. Of the latter the Beatrice, Spider, and Excise all have proved that the ore is certainly in the hills awaiting development. The Beatrice has recommenced working, and already are "rawhiding" about five tons a day. The Spider also has come to life and will soon take advantage of their late strike. Samples of this property have assayed as high as $800 to the ton. In both the Spider and Excise tunnels are being run in to strike the leads, by means of which the "depth" will be obtained. From the Berniere and Nelson samples showing clear, free milling gold, visible to the naked eye, have been discovered. All this points to the undeniable fact that it will be only a matter of a few years until Camborne will eclipse the Camborne of old in every way. Page £6 OPPORTUNITIES 911 "I don't think I can do it," said McAndrews. "Why not?" demanded the President of the Tidewater Timber Company, swinging abruptly in his office chair. "Because this old man, Weldon, has trusted me," replied McAndrews, The President, with small, acquisitive eyes fixed upon the troubled young man before him, drummed with a fat hand impatiently upon his desk. "Weldon told me about the hole he was in," McAndrews went on, "how it was impossible for him to get together the money to pay the license fees on his timber claims just when he was about to make a sale. He's getting too old to' work, and he'd depended a lot upon the ten thousand for the timber. It was about his last resource, sir He's made a good fight, but he's played out." The president grunted, "We're not running an old man's home. Our business, and yours, as long as you're with us, is to get good timber, cheap." "Weldon was afraid to explain his difficulty to his prospect, not knowing him very well," continued McAndrews, steadily, "but he wasn't afraid to explain it to me. He thought I could help him, and I thought so, too. I thought we could send out a couple of our men, re- stake this timber, and take just a fair interest in it for the job." "You seem to be a great thinker," remarked the president with a relaxation on his thin lips into a mockery of a smile, "but maybe we can worry along without your kind of thinking. Whether we try or not depends on you. Are you going to tell us the location of these timber limits? I'm putting it to you for the last time. Be careful what you say, because you know what your answer means. McAndrews studied the pattern of the carpet, with many thoughts crowding through his mind. His position in this company, gained by his good work up the British Columbia coast at Toba Inlet, was what had made him feel that he could afford to marry. The wedding and the journey afterward had left him only a meager balance in the bank. He had rented an attractive apartment. The furniture which he and Mrs. McAndrews had selected with so much care and pleasure was not all paid for. They were beginning to meet people whom they liked, and to exchange hospitalities with these friends. There were many demands upon his pocket-book. He needed his salary—needed it badly. On the other hand, there was a man who had grown old, and a woman who had grown old at his side. They, too, had once had a honeymoon. Could he, McAndrews, who was young and had the world before him, take any part in bringing a blight to what remained of life for people who were old and nearly helpless? Suddenly he raised his eyes to the stony face of the man who had amassed a fortune by planting both feet firmly in the trough. "No, sir, I am not going to tell you the location of this timber, unless it's down in black and white, in legal form, that Weldon gets the bigger interest in it." Despite his effort at self-control, there was a slight tremor in McAndrews' voice. "Since you're working for your friend Weldon instead of us, draw your pay to date, and tell the manager you've resigned." After McAndrews had gone, the president summoned his assistant. "That fellow McAndrews has quit," he said, "on account of a piece of fluffy sentiment. Get that timber. I believe it's one of the best tracts for holding in the Provincef Get it. Don't bother me about details: Just get it, and keep your eye on McAndrews. The manager was engaged in a private conversation with a man from a detective agency when McAndrews reached home to tell the new Mrs. McAndrews of the catastrophy of the day. She listened silently, gazing at him across the table in their sitting room. "Did I do right?" he asked her, anxiously. "You're the one to be considered most." There was- a Jittle pause. In the glow of the drop-light one might have noticed that her eyes were shining. "Jimmy," she said suddenly, "I believe I'm pretty glad I married you!" It is doubtful whether young Mrs. McAndrews herself fully appreciated the deep effect and inspiration of her words. In a much more cheerful mood than, under the circumstances, McAndrews would have imagined possible, he went the next morning down among the lumberjacks' resorts to locate Judson, the man who, he had "been told by Weldon, could guide him to the timber. He found him at last—a little the worse for the wear and tear of lumberjack celebrations in Vancouver bar-rooms, but able-bodied. His face had the stamp of good natured honesty. McAndrews decided that he could be trusted, and drew- him from the bar to a table in the corner. "I'm going to restake that Vancouver Island timber for Old Man Weldon," he exclaimed. "He's too old to make the trip, but he mentioned you, and I want you to go along to show me where it is. You'll get your expenses and five hundred dollars when the. timber's sold, which will be soon. I'll get my expenses and perhaps a little more. I'm handling this for Weldon, who, as. you know, is a good old chap. He's done you some good turns. Will you go?" "Well, Vancouver looks purty good to me at the present writin', and the trip's one of the hardest a man could take, but I'm game, all right. Sure, I'll go." For some time they discussed details of the trip, and arranged to leave on the steamer next morning for Vancouver Island. Neither noticed a small, nondescript individual, who, throughout their 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 talk, sat at a neighboring table absorbed, apparently, in a newspaper. But this individual reported before noon to the manager of the Tidewater Timber Company, and when the small steamer swung out in the morning from the Vancouver wharf with McAndrews and Judson aboard, it carried two passengers who had emerged the afternoon before from the Tidewater manager's private office. One was Holland, who was under med- , ium size, but whose unpleasant expression of sharpness and watchful greed indicated that he was a fit man to handle business details that personages in the inner rooms of office suites did not care to hear about. The other was McCreedy, who was large and muscular. McCreedy had a hard look and a reckless air. A glance at him suggested that he had been brought along to apply brute force, if necessary, to the designs of the ratlike Holland. The two lounged in the smoking room of the steamer, saying little to each other, but keeping their eyes upon McAndrews and his companion. As the craft glided through the calm waters of the Gulf of Georgia, McAndrews gave thought to the work ahead, and it occurred to him that it would be well to have a map of the route through the wilds of Vancouver Island to the timber limits, so that if he and Judson should become separated, he would not be altogether at a loss. He mentioned the matter to Judson, and the latter, at the smoking room table, began laboriously to make a tracing on a large sheet of paper. Holland rose to his feet, as if to stretch himself, gazed for a brief interval through the window at the expanse of water, and then leaned carelessly against the upright near the table. McAndrews, on the other side, was absorbed in Judson's work, and paid no attention to this fellow passenger. He did not notice that the latter was straining his eyes toward the tracing. Evidently he could make nothing of it, for in a moment he sauntered to a seat beside McCreedy, and said in a half- whisper: "They're making a map, and we've gor to get it." The two, watching, noted the fact that Judson, pausing and making a remark which seemed to be to the effect that he wanted to add something to the sketch later on, finally thrust it into the inside pocket of his coat. "I think I've doped out the way to get that map," said Holland in a low tone. 'I'll tell you when we get over to the hotel and see how things sizes up." The sombre hue of twilight was on the waters of the Gulf of Georgia, and the few houses along the shore loomed up in semi-darkness against the forest when the steamer nosed her way up to the long wharf at Campbell River Landing. "Where abouts is the main hotel of this resort?" asked Holland genially of McAndrews as they stood at the rail waiting for the gang-plank to be pushed ashore. McAndrews glanced at Judson, and the latter pointed to the lights of a dimly outlined building off a little distance to the right. "So that's her. Well, she don't look exactly like a palace, but I s'pose they have the usual line o' wet goods. I'm feelin' pretty dry myself." Holland was talkative, and kept close beside McAndrews during the walk to the hotel. "Won't you gentlemen join me in a little nip before supper?" he inquired engagingly after rooms had been assigned. McAndrews declined, politely, but promptly. Judson's declination was more reluctant. After supper Holland insisted good naturedly upon providing the cigars, and launched forth upon a flow of anecdotal conversation about his experiences in the States. He -had cleaned up a piece of money in timber in Oregon, he said, and had come up to take a look into the chances of finding something good on Vancouver Island. After a while, McAndrews arose and said goodnight, but Judson, who had just accepted a fresh cigar from Holland, stayed to finish it. Holland tapped him playfully on the knee. "Say, that young friend o' yours is a careful chap, and that's right, but it don't interfere with us havin' a little night-cap before we hit the hay, does it?" Judson couldn't see that it did, so he and Holland and McCreedy, who had said little, adjourned to the bar. Holland bought; then McCreedy bought; then Judson, not to be outdone in hospitality, instructed the bar-tender to take the gentlemen's orders. This was the beginning. Judson did not notice that his new friends were drinking much less than he. After a couple of hours they assisted him out of the bar-room, and on the way upstairs Holland slipped a deft hand into his pocket and drew forth the map. "So far so good," he remarked to McCreedy as they examined the paper by the lamp in their room. "This tells us about all we want to know, but that young cuss looks unusual quick and husky, and our friend the booze fighter would be a bad man to go up against. We'll hit the trail early, and keep movin' —I hope to Gawd we find rafts at these here lakes. If we don't and they catch up to us, you'll sort o' have your hands full, old sport. "Leave it to me," said McCreedy, with a slight swaying of his big shoulders and an ugly look on his hard countenance. An hour before dawn, Holland and McCreedy ate a snack from their provisions, buckled on their packs, of which McCreedy's was much the larger, and started out in the darkness. They passed the shacks of the Siwash village at the turn of the road toward the west, crossed the rails of the logging tram over which logs were hauled to the rollway at the mouth of the Campbell River, a little further to the north, and, moving silently, pushed on into the forest. It was necessary now to move slowly, because the blazes on the trees, the only indications of the trail, were hard to find in the dim light of dawn. For two hours they toiled over the uneven ground through the darkness of the woods, and finally, descending a little hill, saw through the trees the leaden colored waters of McKiver Lake. Holland pulled the map from his pocket and held it close to his eyes. "It seems there's cliffs around this lake. We've got to cross it. Now to find a raft." They searched vainly in the underbrush along the curving shore. Then they felled and trimmed three small cedars and began to lash them together with vine maple. McCreedy did most of the work. Holland, pacing about nervously, kept repeating, "Get a move on, get a move on." McAndrews, in the meantime, had risen at daybreak, had prodded the unwilling Judson out of bed, and at last had got under way along the trail. From the top of the hill overlooking McKiver Lake he saw the raft builders. 'Who do you think they are?" he inquired of Judson. The latter, who had not recovered fully from his stupor of the night, stared blankly. McAndrews asked no further questions. He had suddenly recognized the wiry Holland and the big bulk of McCreedy. 'Where's that map?" he asked, sharply. Judson fumbled in the inside of his coat; he fumbled in all his pockets. McAndrews turned upon him angrily. "I know where it is. They got you drunk last night, and stole it. Now they're ahead of us. You've put me in a lovely hole." . He gazed down the hill with blazing eyes. Suddenly he clenched his fists and started forward. "Come on," he shouted. "Are you going to hang behind? We've got some work to do." Judson began to put speed into his legs. He had to, if he was to keep up, for McAndrews was moving- down the hill with long strides, leaping lightly over fallen tree trunks, and half running as he made toward the motionless Holland. He approached him swiftly. Holland was making an attempt to smile—an attempt which resulted in an expression that was sinister and sneering. "You try to smile, you damned thief. You stole the map, but we'll take the raft. Get out of my way, you rat." McAndrews pushed him aside with his open hand. Then he threw his pack Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 to the ground and turned toward McCreedy, who had come up with a swagger, with the battle light in his small eyes, and the veins in the back of his heavy neck swelling ominously. McAndrews jumped forward. His fist shot out, and went home to McCreedy's jaw. The latter staggered back, with a look of dazed astonishment. This changed swiftly to maddened rage. He recovered himself, and plunged forward, with his big arms swinging about like windmills. McAndrews stepped lightly to one side. McCreedy went by of his own momentum, and McAndrews struck him cleanly beneath the ear. He spun half around, and reeled forward again, with his arms extended grotesquely, like a drunken man approaching to embrace a loved one. He had lost all discretion and restraint, and came on blindly. McAndrews half smiled. His college training as a champion athlete and boxer was standing him in excellent stead. He ducked beneath McCreedy's outstretched arms, that had a death grasp in them, and heaved all his strength into an up- percut to McCreedy's chin. The latter's head shot up with a jerk, and he stumbled backward. McAndrews glanced over his shoulder and saw Holland squirming futily in the arms of Judson. McCreedy was struggling dizzily to his feet when McAnd- drews, with extended leg and a quick push—a simple wrestling trick—toppled him once more to earth. Then, with clenched fist, he leaned over his prostrate foe and spoke: "Don't try to get up just yet. If you do, I'll have to knock you down again. I'll have to put you to sleep. Just rest a while. Just—rest— awhile." He repeated this admonition tensely, between labored intakes of breath, for McCreedy had seized him. But McAndrews was on top. He got his hand beneath McCreedy's wounded chin, pushed his head back, and pressed his knee against his windpipe. McCreedy let go his body hold to throw him off, and McAndrews, seizing his wrists, twisted his arms backward. In this position he shouted to Judson to get busy with the raft. The latter had now fully recovered from his indulgence of the evening before, and was quick to act. Clutching Holland by the collar, he half dragged him down to the water's edge, and then gave him a forceful shove that sent him stumbling. Then he seized the raft, which was complete for launching, including a cedar paddle, and pushed it into the lake. Then, running back a few paces, he picked up McAndrews' pack. On his return he had to catch Holland by the throat and cast him off. McAndrews had relaxed a little the pressure of his knee upon McCreedy's windpipe, but had held a firm position. Seeing now that all was ready, he rose quickly, strode swiftly to the water, and splashed out to the waiting raft. Holland splashed after him. The backward push he got gave the raft momentum, and it glided out gracefully, with Judson at the paddle, and Holland, knee-deep in the water, cursing with great vehemence, and calling excitedly to McCreedy, who, having risen now, stood brushing a bewildered hand across his eyes. The lake glistened in the morning sun. The surrounding hills seemed to express a spirit of eternal peace, and the water rippled gently along the cedar logs as Judson paddled powerfully. In less than an hour he drove the craft with a final thrust against the western shore, for it was only a mile across McKiver Lake. Then he and McAndrews concealed the raft in the underbrush, and pushed on over a very steep hill to Lower Campbell Lake, and they paused on the shore where the lake swirls around from Lower Campbell Lake, grows narrower, and becomes Campbell River. Here, because of the precipitous mountains which closed about the water, they were confronted with another voyage, and one much longer than the first. They were lucky enough to find a well constructed raft, and embarked without delay. At the outset they fought the current, and then paddled for many hours through calm waters with stately mountains in the distance. An island beckoned out in front, and at last, after* the lake had become gray in the dusk, and the night chill had come, they grounded their craft, built a fire, made some coffee, fried some bacon and lighted pipes. Insect voices of the night sang solemnly. The lake reached off into an expanse of blackness, into which, at intervals, McAndrews peered uneasily. He had no idea that Holland and McCreedy had given up the fight. He believed that JUDSON'S MAP OF THE TRAIL TO THE TIMBER CLAIMS 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 31 ■ hey would come stealing along through i he darkness with some devil's trick, and iie did not care just then for another neeting. His hands ached, and he was rery tired. He felt that he ought to vatch the raft, despite the fact that it ;iad been hidden in the underbrush, but lis head was nodding. An overwhelming sleepiness was upon him. He half stag- rered to his blankets, rolled himself in :hem, and sank into complete oblivion. For some time Judson had been sawing Dff slabs of sleep sonorously. Neither Df them heard another raft grate softly on the pebbles, nor did they hear the oreaking of twigs, which snapped loudly in the silence, when Holland and McCreedy approached stealthily, dim figures in the darkness. Suddenly Holland seized McCreedy's arm and said in an impassioned whisper: "Don't you do it, you damned fool. We're here for business, not for pleasure. We'll hire some plug uglies to do 'im up some night in Vancouver. Just now we've got to find their raft." McCreedy yielded with great reluctance. Holland drew from his pocket an electric dark-lantern, pushed the button, and, turning the gleam this way and that, brought out patches of undergrowth in bright relief against the blackness. He j noticed a place where this undergrowth was trampled. "Come on, Mac," he said, softly, "I think we've spotted the place where they've stowed their raft." They found it, and pulled it out very cautiously. Bushes protested with crackling notes, but McAndrews and Judson were sleeping heavily. They heard nothing until, near the water, Holland stumbled and dropped his end of the raft. McAndrews stirred and sat upright. He strained his eyes through the night and saw the shadowy figures. Leaping to his feet, he started toward them on a run. But the raft was in the water now and Holland and McCreedy were shoving their own craft off into the current. Without reasoning about the matter, McAndrews plunged toward them. He waded into the lake and seized the ends of the logs upon which they stood. But McCreedy's paddle and the current were working against him. He felt his feet leave the bottom, and relaxed his hold i just as Holland was raising the blunt side of an axe to strike his fingers. He swam for his own raft, which was moving away gently but steadily. Fear gripped him suddenly. The icy waters were carrying him relentlessly from shore, out into the swifter current, and he felt his boots pulling him down, and holding him back, like meshes around his feet. He saw himself face to face with death in this black lake, and beat back the spectre with sweeping strokes. The raft was just ahead of him, floating serenely toward waters that rippled rapidly beneath the dim stars. He gave himself a heave, reached out an arm, and clutched the retreating logs. With some difficulty he climbed upon them, glanced about hopelessly for the paddle, raised a shout that brought no answer from the void of night, and then, completely exhausted, lay down to let the current carry him where it would. Shadowy shores moved by. He rose to shake off the cold, and lay down again. At last leaves brushed his face. The raft bumped softly and he jumped to a mossy bank. Here he leapt up and down, swinging his arms to drive away the gripping chill. In a little while he noticed that night was lifting from the lake. The waters were slowly turning gray. The island loomed up dimly. It was nearer than he had thought. He ripped from a log a big piece of bark to use for paddling, and set forth again upon the raft, propelling it slowly and awkwardly, until, after an hour of labor, he stepped ashore once more, this time at the camping place. Judson was just stirring. He built the fire while McAndrews donned some dry clothing which he had brought along for a possible emergency. They ate some bacon, drank some coffee, and discussed the situation. "We'll go on," McAndrews announced with emphasis. "They're away ahead of us, and we haven't a ghost of a show, but they might fall over a cliff or something. We'll see this through to the finish." It was a dogged and hopeless journey onward. They paddled to the western end of Lower Campbell Lake, pushed through heavy timber and over hills and down gullies for six long miles to Upper Campbell Lake, where they made their camp. In the morning they waded for two miles in the water close to shore because of the cliffs which rose from the water's edge. Swinging to the north they climbed a mountain. From its summit Judson pointed out the timber, tall and straight, sweeping away majestically through a noble valley. 'Beautiful! Beautiful!" exclaimed McAndrews. "A great asset of the future, but not our—not ours. They've staked it, sure." Even as he spoke, and was contemplating in bitterness of spirit the forest fortune he had lost for Weldon. he discerned two figures in the west, making a detour through a draw. They were Holland and McCreedy, on the down trail. Evidently they had completed their work, and now had nothing to do but make all speed back to the landing at Campbell River, catch the steamer to Vancouver, report to the manager of the company, and then make a quick trip to Victoria to record the claims. "There's not a chance in the world for us," McAndrews remarked dejectedly to, Judson, "but as a million to one shot, we'll stake that timber too." So it was that all that day they laboriously paced off the miles of each claim and blazed the small trees selected for the stakes. Constantly they came upon Holland's stakes, but they worked on, impelled by a forlorn hope that would not altogether die. At last, after the shadows had crept up the hills and the tops of these had flashed a good-night to the retiring sun, they had staked eight claims of the finest timber McAndrews had ever seen. The next day they began the hard trip back to Campbell River Landing. They pushed on as rapidly as possible, losing not a moment, feeling that there was still a possibility of overtaking the others on the trail. But even this faint hope vanished by degrees. They saw no signs of human life—except the dead camp- fires of the men who had passed ahead of them. The latter, evidently confident of success, had not even taken the trouble to hide or destroy the rafts. In the twilight of evening McAndrews and Judson swung along the trail past the Siwash village, and wearily unstrapped their packs on the porch of the hostelry at the Landing. The boat, they learned, had sailed hours before, with Holland and McCreedy, half drunk and joyous, among the passengers. After a cheerless supper McAndrews was smoking a dismal pipe, when, through the window, he saw an Indian pull a power boat to the sand. In a moment he was interviewing the Indian, with an anxiety which he carefully concealed. With some labor he made the Indian understand that he desired to take a night trip to Victoria. The Indian shook his head. "My boat no good for that. He is too small." McAndrews pulled from his pocket a roll of bills and peeled off a yellow twenty. "I'll give you one of those if you will make the trip." The Indian's eyes were fixed upon the bill, but he still shook his head. "I will give you two," said McAndrews. The Indian showed symptoms of distress. With great reluctance he shook his head again, still keeping his eyes fastened intently upon the money. "My boat he is too light. We drown." "I will give you three of those," exclaimed McAndrews, impatiently. He extracted them from the others and held them before the Indian's eyes. The latter wavered, then succumbed. "All right, we take a chance." The small converted sloop pitched and tossed on the troubled waters of the Gulf of Georgia. She groaned and labored, and many times McAndrews, standing by Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 the Indian at the tiller, wondered just how soon something would give way, and this small craft would be left to the mercy of the seas. But Providence seemed to be lending a helping hand at last. The Government Buildings of Victoria were glistening in the morning sun when the Indian steered his boat up to the dock beside the causeway. McAndrews, though he had slept none during the night and was staggering with fatigue, made his way rapidly toward the stately domicile of the Provincial Government. He could hear the pounding of his heart as he mounted the stone steps and passed through the corridors to the Land Department. With a hand that trembled slightly he turned the pages of the big book which the clerk had placed at his disposal, and with an eager, yet fearful glance he cast his eyes down the pages for a record of the timber claims near Upper Campbell Lake. There was no record. He filed his claims and went up to a hotel for breakfast and a nap. That afternoon, after purchasing some fine cigars for himself and Judson, he strolled to the wharf to watch the arrival of the steamer from Vancouver.. The first passenger off was Holland, who sped along the bridge and made directly for the big building of the Government. McAndrews smiled at Judson and blew into the air some rings of velvety smoke. He retired early to his stateroom on the Vancouver boat that night, and heard Holland quarrelling with the purser. The next evening he and Mrs. McAndrews dined with the timber investor, who had been told by Weldon of McAndrews' trip and the reason of it, and had agreed to buy the timber if McAndrew's report verified that of Weldon's timber cruiser. The capitalist, a man with white hair and twinkling eyes, listened with smiling interest to McAndrews' story of his adventures. "I am glad you have told me this," he said at last. "I don't mind telling you in return that this man you've mentioned, the president of the timber company, is very anxious for me to take up a matter which is of great importance to him. On the strength of what you have just related I am going to turn him down." The capitalist paused and studied McAndrews with scrutinizing eyes. "There is something further I want to talk to you about," he said suddenly. "I am thoroughly convinced that British Columbia is one of the best fields in the world for investment, and I have been looking for a man whom I can trust to look after my interests here, which will be large. I think you are the man." The capitalist's eyes suddenly became quizzical. "To tell you the truth, I don't believe you amount to so much yourself, but you have a partner here who will keep you on the right track." Mrs. McAndrews laughed, but was much embarrassed, and began hastily to talk of something else. The Conflict in the Old Country And What it Means to British Columbia By C. M, Burmester PERUSAL of the recent copies of "Opportunities" discloses a great many very interesting statistics and facts regarding the wonderful prosperity of British Columbia. These facts have been so thoroughly explained and so aptly illustrated by abler pens that it has occurred to the present writer to depart somewhat from the usual track and make an excursion into the realms of imagination. Imagination is the golden key which unlocks for a few brief moments the gates of the future. Without imagination it is impossible to hope, for hope is its direct offspring. Yet, amid the millions of workers in the teeming cities of Europe the feeling of hope has been well nigh killed. Crushed by the weight of poverty, their wits are dulled by a daily routine of endless toil. What hope of betterment can be possible to these unhappy slaves of modern civilization? It has been said that this is a prosaic age. Certainly it seems hard to associate romance with factories, school boards, poor relief and soup kitchens. Yet, deep down in everyone's heart there still smoulders an ember or two of hope, and therefore of imagination. There can be no doubt to-day that what is left of the imagination of the toiling millions of Great Britain is now being stirred, stirred to its depths. What some call a socialistic doctrine of plunder, others call a just claim made on behalf of the working classes. Be that as it may, we residents and settlers in British Columbia cannot afford to remain unobservant of the conflict which is now being waged in the old country. What will be the result and in what way will it involve ourselves? Her,e indeed we must give rein to our imaginations. Enjoying as we do a prosperity which is scarcely believed by our friends at home, we are in danger of at times accepting as unworthy of comment the stupendous developments going on all around us. We each plough our daily furrow ever onwards in the same straight line into soil which grows richer every day, and become so absorbed in our occupations that we take but little heed of the world around us. We must, however, bestir ourselves and watch carefully for the results which will flow from the political battle which is now being fought in England. We see the British Government raising the death duties and the succession duties. The income tax will probably again be raised and there can be no doubt that additional land taxes will speedily be imposed. Capital in England is not merely uneasy, it is perturbed. Already consols have lost their former popularity and have been largely deposed by other efilt-edsred securities. The smaller investor at home is losing his timidity regarding investments beyond his immediate purview. It needs therefore but a little additional spur to induce him to send out all he has. Small straws show which way the wind blows and the writer has already received many enquiries, proving that the landed gentry of England are seeking to recover in British Columbia more than they have already lost in England. Others go further and write asking that their dividends shall be paid in such a way that the Exchequer shall reap the smallest possible profit therefrom. Again, several of the great English land owners have already bought extensive estates in British Columbia because they realize that, sooner or later, they will have to sell or surrender the greater part of their own in England. But it is the smaller capitalists who, after all own the bulk of the capital in England. The smaller capitalists, namely the landed gentry and the middle classes, have up to the present educated their sons for the professions, the army, the navy, or the church, or else for the great civil services of the Crown. These positions are now, thanks to the educational system, thrown open to everyone, and the resulting competition throws thousands of young men yearly onto the already super-congested labor market. After a few years these young men are 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 33 dumped into the various colonies where, as colonials know, they do not usually I shine at first in comparison with vouncr colonials. But the great middle classes of England have long since seen the error of their ways and are now sending their sons to farm schools, where their boys are taught to ride, break horses, plough, carpenter, make harness, and generally become useful and adaptable. Further, these same parents are forming themselves into a real estate corporation for the purpose of making large purchases of land which will be subdivided in the usual way, with the difference that the shareholders will themselves enjoy profits which otherwise invariably go to the promoters in similar cases. Also, these same middle classes are now beginning to realize that when England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales have their own provincial assemblies, and the Imperial Council or Assembly is formed, the qualifications which their sons now acquire at the public schools or universities will be useless without long colonial experience. It will be hard indeed for any man without such experience to win a seat in the future Imperial Assembly, in which case it needs but little imagination to guess the composition of the great imperial services which the Imperial Assembly will be called upon to create. Far-fetched though this may seem, it is within the writer's own knowledge that investors of foresight in England are providing for these very contingencies and are making their plans accordingly. On the other hand, what a priceless boon for British Columbia it would be to have her fertile valleys filled with a yeomanry of farmers similar to the county gentry and farmers who have done so much to make the name of England famous as a nation of sportsmen. We inhabitants of British Columbia would vie with each other to welcome, not tenderfeet and remittance men, but the trained and hardy sons of men of breeding to whom the meaning of the word "graft" is utterly unknown. An equally important though more material factor is the enormous amount of money which this invasion will introduce. What vast sums have been expended by parents in England on their sons' education and what a vast proportion of this money has been practically thrown away! Very large sums have also been paid by parents in the shape of premiums to firms who have benefitted in two ways (a) by the extent of the premium and (b) by being able to dispense with the laborer whose place the boy is set to fill. If only a fractional part of these huge sums is diverted in the future to settling the fruit farming districts of this Province, what effort of imagination is needed to guess the result? All these questions have hitherto only been simmering in the old country. Now, however, the crisis has arrived. It is an ill wind that blows nobody good, and the very anxieties which are now tearing at the fabric of social life at home should, with our help, ultimately turn to the mutual advantage of colonials and the English middle classes. It therefore behooves every old-timer and new-comer in British Columbia, whether he be Briton, Canadian or American, to play a worthy role in the greatest drama the world has ever seen. To those who would attempt to play a petty part and disloyally construct watertight compartments without the Empire, we can only say, you are playing a lone hand in a losing game and are miserably deficient in imagination. Industrial Progress in British Columbia THE Vancouver Island route of Canadian Northern Railway Sjpx^SSj will extend one hundred and SsSnl lifty-three miles from Victoria as the southern terminal to Barkley Sound, thence along the Alberni Canal to Alberni. Progress is being made on the Kootenay Central branch of the Canadian Pacific Railway which will connect the Crow's Nest line at a point between Wardner and Galloway, with the main line at Golden, and will thus bring adequate transportation facilities to the Columbia Valley. The Portland Canal Short Line Railway Company will apply to the Legislative Assembly for authorization to extend its line from the terminus provided near Stewart, in an easterly direction to Edmonton, where it will connect with the existing Canadian Northern service, thus establishing a new route from ocean to ocean and tapping the agricultural areas and coal fields of the Upper Naas country. Work will be started next spring on the South-east Kootenay Railroad, which will extend fifty miles from Mc- Gillivray to the International boundary, and will open up a rich coal country. Two of the leading canneries on the Skeena River have leased the townsite of Kirbyville on the same river as part of a big plan for introducing the most up-to-date method in the salmon fishing industry in British Columbia. The annual report of The Canadian Northern Railway Company states that the year ending June 30th last, showed an increase in passenger receipts of 25.25% and a freight increase of 35.04%. The net income was $4,344,390, and after providing for fixed * barges there was a net surplus on the year's work of $1,030,757.. '£32 RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION IN SOl'I'I IICRX BRITISH COLl'.MBIA Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 A bill has been drafted for the incorporation of Stewart. The Alberni branch of the Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway, will be open for traffic between Nanaimo and Alberni, it is said, not later than next April. Construction will be started at once it is said, on the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway's Cowichan Lake branch, which will make marketable much timber in the Cowichan Valley. A number of the coal mines in the Similkameen Valley have now reached the producing stage, and Princeton promises to become the largest city between Nelson and the Coast. Important to British Columbia are the experiments of the Dominion Govern-^ ment at McGill University in the matter of solving certain fundamental difficulties in the reduction of low grade zinc ores. A. C. Smith, one of the original locators of the Crow's Nest Pass coal fields, recently announced that he has located valuable coal measures on the line of the Grand Trunk Pacific, about twenty-five miles south of Hazelton. The branch of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway from Fort George to Vancouver will run down through the Lil- looet District, it is reported, and will strike the Canadian Pacific Railway near Agassiz Station. Lincoln Chandler, of the British Empire Bridge Works of Birmingham, England, recently announced in Vancouver the probability of the establishment near the city of engineering and construction works costing in the neighborhood of $5,000,000. It is said that the Canadian Pacific Railway will build another short branch line into the Kootenay, from a point below Elko and Galloway southerly toward Waldo and Bayne's Lake, for the purpose of opening valuable timber limits and agricultural tracts. The Naval Service Department at Ottawa has received from the British Columbia Marine Railway Company a tender for the construction of the first cruiser of the Bristol type to be built on the Pacific Coast for the Canadian Navy. Several bids have been received from British shipyards, but this is the only one from a British Columbian shipyard.. The indications are that the two Bristol type cruisers and the three destroyers authorized for the Pacific squadron of the Canadian Navy will be built at Esquimalt. Geo. H. Collin, President of the Canadian Cold Storage Company, which is erecting a million dollar plant at Prince Rupert, has reported great interest on the part of eastern capitalists in Prince Rupert, which promises to become one of the world's greatest fishing ports. Free milling gold lode propositions may yet rival the former production of placer days and restore the fading glory of the Klondike. Individual placer mining is now virtually a thing of the past, that method having been superseded by dredges and elevators handling enormous quantities of pay-dirt lifted from the beds of the creeks and rivers or from the adjacent hillsides. A mining venture which means the opening of a new district is announced, an Eastern syndicate, represented by Percy J. Gleazer, and controlling fourteen mineral claims situated at the head of Midge, Mill and Nine Mile Creeks is commencing development work. This district, which is of similar formation to that of the Bayonne gold camp, was prospected to a certain extent ten years ago, but since then has" remained quiescent. The application of the Pacific Exploration Company under the new Water ActT-of 1909 for permission to erect a large electric power plant on the Pend d'Orielle River near Waneta has been granted by the Water Commissioner at Victoria and plans of the proposed plant with a daily capacity of 20,000 horse power, and so built that this capacity may be doubled, are being prepared. The Quesnel Hydraulic Gold Mining Company, previously known as Twenty- Mile, under management of H. W. Du Bois, is expending over $500,000 in the construction of a nine-foot ditch to bring water from Swift River to the immensely rich placer ground on the Quesnel. The ditch will be, in round numbers, twenty miles in length with a dam forty-five feet in height. A statement of the principal metals produced in Canada for the last ten years is as follows: Year. Gold. Silver. 1909 $9,790,000 $14,358,310 1908 9,842,105 11,686,239 1907 8,382,780 8,348,659 1906 11,502,120 5,659,455 1905 14,159,195 3,614,883 1900 27,908,153 2,740,362 Year. Copper. Lead. 1909 $ 7,018,213 $ 1,959,488 1908 8,413,876 1,814,221 1907 11,367,369 2,542,036 1906 10,720,474 3,089,187 1905 7,497,660 2,676,632 1900 3,065,922 2,760,521 The Dominion Coal and Coke Co., organized by Vancouver business men, will shortly begin extensive development of coal properties along the Similkameen River. The land known as the Crawford Townsite has been purchased by the McGoldric Lumber Co. for use as a logging station. The company is now ready to proceed with the construction of its mill at Fairview. A Vancouver syndicate which last fall bonded a group of copper properties at Ikeda Bay, Moresby Island, in the Queen Charlottes, for $200,000, has just made the second payment, amounting to $30,- 000 cash. A new company, known as the Ikeda Mines, Ltd., has been incorporated with an authorized capital of $850,000 in shares of the par value of $1 each. One of the best and most consistent displays of Opportunities in Vancouver has been that of the Carlos News and Cigar Stand. One of the reasons why Mr. Owing, the proprietor, has brought Opportunities conspicuously to the attention of the public month after month, is explained in his own words: 'Some towns," he said, "become ambitious cities that attract the attention of the world, while others, perhaps older and with a more auspicious beginning, never get out of the small town class. Of the former, Vancouver shines as the bright star in CARLOS NEWSTAND DISPLAY OF OPPORTUNITIES the constellation of Canadian and American cities. Why? There are, of course, many^reasons, but one of them is pro- gressiveness and the 'pull-for-my-own- town' spirit which characterized a large number of Vancouver citizens. The 'buy at home' idea, the feeling that 'no city is like ours' is strong in Vancouver, and is strong in me. I have always given home magazines and home cigars the lead. I want to do what I can to keep Vancouver money right here in Vancouver." 91 OPPORTUNITIES H. J. JENKINS PRESIDENT The Vancouver Trust I Company Limited 614 Pender St. W., Vancouver, B. C. "Vancouver Trust Building" INSURANCE Fireman's Fund Insurance Company of San Francisco, Cal. Incorporated 1863 Assets - $7,431,401.75 Liabilities - 3,916,544.84 Capital paid up - - - 1,500,000.00 Surplus - 2,014,856.91 $7,431,401.75 Westchester Fire Insurance Company of New York Incorporated. 1837 Assets --^ $4,462,134.06 Liabilities- - - - ; 2,730,353.80 Capital paid up - - - 300,000.00 Surplus - 1,431,780.26 $4,462,134.06 The Hawkeye and Des Moines Fire Insurance Company of Des Moines, la. The Imperial Guarantee and Accident Insurance Company of Canada. A GENERAL TRUST BUSINESS TRANSACTED Moderate Charges Efficient Service A TRUST COMPANY ASSURES SAFETY Kamloops, B. C.: KAMLOOPS-VANCOUVER TRUST COMPANY LIMITED PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 The Auto and British Columbia's Prosperity By C. F. McConnell and F. M. Hunter HE steadily increasing use of the automobile in British Co- 5| lumbia, both for pleasure and business, indicates the great progressiveness and the growing prosperity of the Province. The automobile was late in coming to Vancouver because when it was already in wide use elsewhere, Vancouver was still small. But now that she has become a big city, she has seized upon the automobile with that eagerness which has marked her general progress. For instance, she has dispensed in large measure with horses in her. fire department, which ranks as the third most efficient in the world. The present automobile equipment consists of three chemical motor trucks and three hose trucks of forty and fifty horsepower respectively, and a ninety horsepower hook and ladder truck. Four more motors have been ordered for the different sub-stations in the city. This will give Vancouver a complete automobile fire department. Since the introduction of the auto truck by the fire department as a commercial experiment, the leading business men of Vancouver have realized the superiority of the motor truck over the horse and wagon, and a number of them are already using auto-trucks. Numerous others are placing orders for such equipment with the different automobile dealers of Vancouver. Several of these are awaiting the arrival of large shipments of the better known Eastern commercial trucks, which have as yet never been introduced in Vancouver. As an illustration of the growing use of the automobile truck, the city has purchased, and is now using, a sixty-seventy horse-power Napier car for police patrol duty, and also a forty-five- fifty horse-power Pope-Hartford car for use as a city ambulance. The city also uses two large Thornycroft trucks in collecting garbage. The adoption of the automobile truck by the city council is a good example of the progressive spirit of the North-west. In some Eastern cities there are more motor trucks in daily use than horse- drawn vehicles. Vancouver, in the next few years, will probably surpass these cities in the number of automobile trucks in use in proportion to population. The use of the gasoline motor is not confined to the automobile alone. It is o. much value to the farmer and the lum berman, and is being employed more and more by them. In the work of sawing wood, pumping water, running boats, clearing land, generating electricity and furnishing power in general, the gasoline motor is now a highly important factor. A Chicago motor company announced that there are 125,000 gasoline engines in use by farmers throughout the world. The motor dealers of Vancouver have recently organized a motor trade association, for the purpose of promoting the general interest in automobiles. There is also talk of starting a yearly automobile exhibition, of the same nature as those held in London, New York and Chicago. This would go far in the good work of bringing Vancouver into prominence as an automobile center. People who don't realize the value of an automobile show would be "shown." Such exhibitions have proved of great influence ing automobile manufacturers in the United States and Canada show that there has been an increase of over 40% in the output of motor trucks and automobiles this year in comparison with that of last year. The majority of automobile dealers in Vancouver have not been able to supply the demand of automobiles and motor trucks, and the factories are so overcrowded that they are not promising any shipment of 1911 cars until 1912. It is a case of first come, first served, and promptitude in ordering is necessary to avoid a long delay in obtaining a car with the most up-to-date equipment. Since the inception of motor-driven vehicles years ago, there has been need of missionary work to convince the general public that the cost of maintaining VANCOUVER PARTY IN A 1911 60 H. P. BRITISH AUSTIN CAR elsewhere because they have stimulated the general interest in motor cars and have given prospective buyers more detailed and technical ideas of the automo bile than can be obtained through the ordinary demonstration. The motor truck has now come to be. regarded as a commercial necessity, and its use in Vancouver will add much to the city's reputation as a prosperous business center. There are at present sixty-three automobiles used in Vancouver for public convenience, including taxicabs, hotel busses and livery cars. Up to date there are one thousand three hundred and five automobiles and motor trucks in active use in Vancouver. These were sold by seventeen automobile dealers representing three or more manufacturers. Factory reports from the lead- a car is not excessive; that the automobile is the most economical method of transportation, both for business and pleasure. For years every manufacturer has battled with the question of how best to prove this fact. It has been solved by Benjamin J. Briscoe, President of the Maxwell-Briscoe Company, who conceived the idea of comparing the cost of the automobile with that of the horse. This has served to dispel all doubt as to their comparative economy, and has opened up new fields for the entire automobile industry. This comparison was made in the form of the public economy tests between the Maxwell car of the four cylinder type and a horse and buggy. . The test was held over routes in New York city and vicinity, providing a fair average of road 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 37 and traffic conditions, covering a period of five days. It was the first time these particular methods of transportation were in an*actual comparison test. The results, according to the figures, show that the cost per passenger per mile by automobile was 1.810 cents per mile, against 2^4 cents for the horse and buggy under the same conditions. This should be sufficient to cure the sceptical prospective automobile buyer who has looked upon the automobile as an expensive luxury. Farmers have been criticized for their extravagance in buying automobiles to replace the horses, but, taking the tests into consideration, it would be extravagant for the farmer not to adopt the automobile. Twenty per cent, depreciation per year is allowed in the case of the automobile, on a basis of ten thousand miles per year. This amounts to one hundred and eighty dollars a year, or $0,018 per mile. The depreciation on the wagon, harness and horse is based upon an original cost of $275, the outfit lasting ten years and capable of ten miles travel every day, making the depreciation $0.00075. The following tables are of interest: Automobile . Days. Miles. Gasoline Oil Cost. Gal. Pint. 1 67.4 5 1 $1.00 2 76.1 5 Bi -92 3 76.3 6^4 1 1.12 4 so. $yA 1 1.00 5 82.8 5^ 1 1-07 6 75.3 5 1 1.09 457.9 miles at cost of $6.20 Repairs 00 Depreciation 8.24 Total cost $14.44 Cost per mile ... .0315 Per passenger mile .0157 Horse and Buggy Days. Miles. Oats Hay Cost, qts. lbs. 1 28.8 12 20 $0.95 2 35.5 12 20 .95 3 31.2 12 20 .95 4 35.8 12 20 .95 5 34.4 12 20 .95 6 31.6 12 20 .95 197.3 miles at cost of $5.80 Repairs 00 Depreciation 1.1E7 Total cost $7.27 Cost per mile 0368 Per passenger mile .0184 It is held that at the cost of shoeing, bedding and wagon grease will more than offset the omission of grease charges from the automobile's operating cost. These costs, distributed over the actual mileage for each vehicle, bring the automobile net cost per passenger mile well within the two-cent-per-mile guarantee already established by Mr. Briscoe. TALKS ON CLOTHES By B. F. Blair No. 1. LOTHES don't make the man," said a philosopher, "but he looks better after he is clothed." If we grant this, we must give consideration to the highly important question of the kind of clothes a man should wear. My own ideas as to this are pretty definite, and hearing, a little over five years ago, that Vancouver was the coming great city of the Pacific, I decided that this would be an excellent field in which to plant my ideas in virgin soil and see them blossom into suits that would fittingly supplement what Mother Nature had done for Vancouver men. Foolish idea! When I came—all the way from New York—and had done a few turns along the leading thoroughfares, I realized that Vancouver, then, was no place for a suit builder who took joy in his work. Vancouver was the most pronounced type of an "old clothes" town I had ever seen. Her citizens, apparently, were Englishmen who were "roughing it," with a goodly sprinkling of lumberjacks and miners. It was plain that they had no use for clothes, except to take them out of the class of Adam, and to keep the cold away. I departed speedily. But Vancouver was on my mind. I knew that she was rapidly becoming a real city, and felt that she could not always remain indifferent to real clothes. For three years I left her to herself. Two years ago I returned, and again promenaded the leading streets, in search of men who looked as if they would appreciate a tailor. I saw a few; their raiment was bits of oasis in a desert of clothes that looked abashed and shrinking, as if they were born that way and couldn't help it, and never had had a chance. The exceptions gave my spirits a little lift. There was hope. Vancouver was coming on. I liked her, and I lingered, watching and waiting till the time should be ripe for building suits as well as houses. It has been only within a few months that I have been sure that this time has come at last. So here I am, busy constructing clothes that have fashion and distinction. Every man is not an Ap- pollo, but every man who has been given anything like a square deal by our old friend Mother Nature has his good points. Our cutter, Mr. McGregor, notes them all, and makes the most of them. He was born with a talent for measuring men and cutting cloth, and for many years in the leading cities on this continent he has been following his bent. He has keen zest for it. He knows; Mr. Magrane, my partner, and I both know he knows, and you will realize it the instant you slip into a suit made for you by us. It will be a suit that has individuality, that will bespeak prosperity and good taste. It will be the product of long experience and exacting standards on our part, and of your own choice of the latest spring fabrics, just imported from the mills of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The prevailing modes for spring, by the way, call for tweeds, bannocks, and homespuns, in patterns that have snap and brightness. Drop in and see us for a clothes talk. We are Magrane and Blair, at 510 Granville Street, upstairs. We will want you to be a credit to us—a missionary—and for this reason you will find us even more interested in the fit and fitness of your clothes than you are yourself. There is great activity in the lumber camps in the Kootenay district. The Canyon City Lumber Company has started double shifts and has installed an electric light plant. The Yale Columbia Lumber Company will have their camps in full operation all winter, while Huscroft Brothers will reopen their camp with a force of thirty men. 'IOj 1910 14c .OCOMOB .!■: AT FINISH OF A FIFTEEN HUNDRED MILE TRIP Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES The British Columbia Timber Situation A Glance at the Past and Present Status of one of the Province's Greatest Assets THE early settlers of British Columbia, though greatly impressed by the many natural resources of the Province, were unable to attempt the development of them during the first strenuous work of conquering the wilderness. It remained for later comers to take of the opportunities offered in British Columbia's vast areas. In the year 1888 the Provincial Government passed laws whereby 640 acres of timber could be acquired by placing a legal stake on one corner of the section and by paying an annual license fee of $140 per year. The license thus acquired was renewable annually for twenty-one years. It was not, however, until 1906 that people really awoke to the openings for money making which this law afforded. During the summer of this year the price of logs was very high, and financial conditions were good; the result was that lumbermen of British Columbia and the adjacent States began to realize the value of the magnificent timber along the many inlets and islands of the British Columbia Coast. Many of them did not know how this timber could be . acquired; they knew little of the law. Upon looking it up they were delighted to find that they merely had to place a legal stake and to pay $140 a year license fee to become owners of 640 acres of valuable timber. At that time cruisers were not plentiful in the Province, but it was not long before the woods were full of men staking timber licenses. By the beginning of the year 1907 there had been staked about 18,250 timber licenses, each containing approximately one square mile of timber lands. This activity brought a rich harvest in fees for the Provincial Government, and holdings of great future value for the timber men of North America. Before the fall of the year 1907 the Provincial Government realized that they must put a stop to this great rush for timber, or the Province would be stripped of one of its greatest natural resources. On December 24th, 1907, the Premier, by order in council, suspended the law permitting the staking of timber licenses. Up to this time there had been no special market for timber. After the license law was suspended timber began to take on value, and many licenses By Paul W. Trousdale which had been staked in 1906 and had cost the stakers only $140, were sold for from $200 to $2,000 per section. Many of the licenses which had been staked during the mad rush of 1906 were found to be worthless or practically so. About the end of 1908 the renewal of licenses became due and about 550 licenses which had been cruised, and had been found worthless, were dropped. This culling out of the poor licenses has continued, and at the end of 1909 there remained out of the 18,250 original licenses only 15,164 upon which the licenses were still being paid. During the year 1908-1909 the increase in the value of timber was about twenty-five cents per thousand feet. The figures in regard to the number of licenses dropped during the year 1910 have not yet been officially reported, but it is safe to say that between one thousand and fifteen hundred licenses have been dropped. There are still a number of licenses which are not worth a great deal, and which will, undoubtedly, be dropped during the next few years, until there will probably be not more than 10,000 licenses held. The culling out of these worthless licenses is the best thing that could happen for the investor. Many Eastern timbermen have come to British Columbia for the purpose of buying timber and, DONKEY ENGINE AT WORK ON B. C. TIMBER 91 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 r BASQUE FRUIT FARMS ON THE CROP-PAYMENT PLAN Do you know that Basque Fruit Farms are the only Fruit Lands sold on such a liberal plan ? You can't lose What is the Crop- Payment Plan ? Where is Basque? What is now being produced at Basque ? Poultry Raising at Basque very Profitable Why do we offer the Crop-payment Plan? Is there plenty of water ? This plan gives the man of small means a chance to get a start without putting any of his money into the land. He can use all his capital for improvements. Besides, he takes what vegetables and fruit he needs for his own use, then one-half the cash received from the crop sold each year is applied as part payment on the land until the price is paid. On the main line of the Canadian Pacific, and on the located line of the Canadian Northern now building, 200 miles east of Vancouver (near Ashcroft), in the Thompson River Valley. Everything that grows in an irrigation district does splendidly at Basque. Apples—world's prize winners—have been grown for twenty- five years. Many of the famous "Ashcroft Potatoes" are grown at Basque. Cherries and small fruits grow to perfection. $300 and upwards can be taken from a single acre planted to small fruits and vegetables between the rows while you are waiting for trees to start bearing. The sunshiny days and mild climate during the winter months, coupled with the fact that there are no poultry diseases or troublesome insects, and the prices for fresh eggs, selling for 65 to 85 cents per dozen, and poultry 30 to 40 cents per pound during the winter months, insure a good income to those who make it part of their business. Basque is different from any fruit and vegetable-farming district that we know of. Failure is unknown. We are so confident of the success of every man who will work a Basque farm that we don't consider it a risk. The potatoes he can grow between rows of young trees will net a handsome income for any man (and give his family its living besides) until the trees start bearing. Yes, water in abundance—and the water-right is perpetual, being sold with the land. The irrigation works have been in use for years and are now being enlarged and improved. ALSO SOLD IN ACRE UNITS, $10 CASH AND $10 MONTHLY What are the advantages of the Acre Unit Plan ? Write to-day for our new Basque proposition This plan is intended to accommodate the man who does not plan to handle his land until trees are bearing. We plant the land to apple trees, cultivate and care for same until they start bearing when the purchaser can (1) either take charge of his own land; or (2) we will continue to care for and manage for a reasonable percentage of the profit each year. We will also allow a purchaser to take charge of the unit or units contracted for by giving notice that he wishes to do so before the first day of December any year during life of contract, and for this we will deduct reasonable amount from contract price. This will give the purchaser who may lose his position or health a chance to cultivate his own land before as well as after it comes into bearing. If this appeals to you, write Us. You owe it to yourself and your family to fully investigate our proposition. We cannot expect to put into one brief page all the reasons why you should— OWN A BASQUE FRUIT FARM Natural Resources Security Co., Limited Joint Owners and Sole Agents Fort George Townsite 607 Bower Building VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 191 after making two or three trips and seeing only poor timber, have gone away disgusted. When the process of culling these poor claims has been finished, the man with a good timber claim to sell will not have his prospect of a sale endangered by the putting up of a wildcat at a cheaper price, and the investor will not be forced to make several trips before he can find timber which he thinks is worth buying. During the year 1910 conditions in the timber market- have improved considerably. The Forestry Commission, appointed by the Provincial Government to investigate conditions and recommend a forestry policy, have handed in the following recommendation: (1) That a complete cruise of all crown grant timber lands should be made by the Government; that in future the Department of Forests should cooperate with the assessors; and that an annual return should be made of the valuation of all such timber lands. (2) That as far as possible timber leaseholds should be placed, upon renewal, upon a parity with licensed timber lands, and that they should be subject to the same forest regulations. (3) That the rate of rental and of royalty upon special license should at no time be fixed in advance for more than one calendar year. (4) That the land act be amended so as to empower the Government to grant the right of cutting sawmill timber to pulp lessees, and that a new form of license be provided for this purpose in the manner described by your commissioners. (5) That the same form of license as that provided for pulp lessees be issued to holders of tan-bark leases who may desire to cut mill timber upon their leaseholds. (6) That the present reserve upon unalienated timber land be continued indefinitely; and that when special circumstances necessitate the opening of any portion of this reserve for immediate operations, licenses to cut timber thereon should be put up to public competition, upon a stumpage basis. British JImerican Crust Company, Ltd. S City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. (7) That licenses to cut timber upon fractional areas adjoining, or surrounding leased or licensed timber lands should be put up to public competition and that a "fractional area" be defined with great care in the wording of the "land act." (8) That the record of every cruise and survey made by the Government in timbered areas should be accompanied by a report concerning the suitability of the land for agricultural purposes, that the power to compel licensees to cut and remove timber from good land be retained and that at the time of renewal the same provision be inserted in every timber lease. (9) That the issue of handlogging licenses be discontinued. (10) That no divided interest in a special timber license be recognized. (11) That for the convenience of holders one day be fixed in each month for the renewal of all licenses expiring in that month. (12) That royalty be collected on all merchantable timber not removed from crown lands in the course of logging operations. (13) That operators be required to dispose of debris. (14) That the protection of forests from fires be undertaken by the Government through the agency of a permanent forest organization upon the lines of the North-west Mounted Police, and that it be compulsory for all able-bodied citizens to assist in this work when called upon. (15) That the cost of fire protection be shared between government and stumpage holders in the manner proposed by your commissioners. (16) That the Provincial Government should cooperate with the Dominion Railway Commission; that a vigilant patrol of all railway lines and inspection of locomotives should be established; and that all railway construction should be supervised by provincial forestry officials. (17) That special licensees should be instructed to proceed with the survey of their holdings; and that all such surveys Phone 6445 100 Loo Bldg. THE UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING COMPANY Type-writing Reproductions A 20-line Letter on your paper 250 Copies $2.50 500 ' ' 3.00 1000 < « 4. 00 Prices! Compg. 10c.line\ Ptg. 20c per 100 sheets. should be completed not later than December 31st, 1915. (18-) That all operators should be required to make periodical returns concerning their operations, to the forestry officials in their district; and that the collection of information should be undertaken upon much wider lines than hitherto. (19) That the Government should also proceed with the establishment of a department of forest. (20) That royalties upon crown timber should be paid into a forest sinking fund, in the manner described by your commissioners. (21) That by suitable changes in the customs tariff, the utilization of low- grade timber should be encouraged. Trade in timber licenses during the past year has been rather poor. This fact has been due to the unsettled financial conditions of the United States, and to low prices of- logs. The year 1909 was so good for the logger at the opening of the season of 1910 many new firms, as well as the old ones, commenced logging, with the result that before the season was half over, the log market was drugged with timber. This will be remedied, however, during the coming months, as the camps are closed during the winter months, and the mills will have an opportunity to use up the over- supply of logs. The year 1911 will undoubtedly show the benefits of the lesson taught the loggers in 1910, and there is every reason to believe that the coming year will see a great improvement in the log market. With the opening of the Panama Canal in 1915 many of the present transportation difficulties will be solved, and British Columbia will become the largest timber market on the North American continent. In Michigan and other parts of the middle west of the United States the growing of sugar beets has become one of the most lucrative of argicultural occupations and there is absolutely no reason why it should not prove equally successful in British Columbia. For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist John M. Chappell Room 2, 44$ Pender Street Owners ate requested to list all Point Grey property with me PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Phone 1584. P. O. Box 860 Fire, BurglaivPf oof and Manganese Victor Vault Doors, and Safety Deposit Boxes WESTERN CANADIAN AGENT E, G, PARNELL " THE SAFE MAN" 513 HAMILTON STREET VANCOUVER, - - B. C. OPPORTUNITIES J G. W. ARNOTT 6 C©» i Jfeal Estate and Insurance \ Drawer 1539 <w Prince Rupert i Splendid Opportunities for Investors Hours 9 to 6 Phone 3351 JNO. JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Snow Card Writing Designs and Specifications tor Steel and Concrete Buildin Drawings tor Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives Price $1850, j4t 6, 12 and 18 mths. This is a Great Snap ! APPLY ROOM 4 532 GRANVILLE ST. BULLEN & LAMB LATE BIJLLEN PHOTO CO. L^Ji^ C* WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of Diiilding material. Office and Factory: 2843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIft, B. C. The Leading* House for Commercial and Architectural Photography Amateur Finishing and Enlarging. Picture Framing 743 PENDER STREET WEST, 2 Doors from Orpheum Theatre Buy in GULF OF GEORGIA TERRACE, POINT GREY Nothing beats it for View and as a Homesite. Terms over 4 years. MOLE & KEEFER, Point Grey Specialists 1065 Granville St., Phone 7020 r y ~i The ^Beez without a Peez Id i •»•■•■•••••.••.•••. ..-...........■■«..•■•.-..••—»-•.••.■•.'.-.•.■• .-•<•«-•«-•—•.-•-•- PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 19 Wise Investment Brings Riches We submit to you that well positioned land bought well in Point Grey, is about the best investment that can be named in British Columbia to-day : location will make it the finest residential section of greater Vancouver; the enormous improvements at present in process, the university and the Burrard-Kitsilano bridge giving quick car service with the city all confirm POINT GREY as the coming high-class residential quarter ; furthermore the absence of vacant building lots in the West End make it essential that Point Grey must grow very rapidly. We are selling level building lots on the highest point between University site and Tenth car- line. These lots are entirely cleared up and command extensive views. Prices from one quarter cash, balance 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. These are last spring's prices and will shortly be advanced, If you investigate and compare this offering with others, you will certainly buy. The Canadian Century is now presenting a series of articles on British Columbia, following out its policy of giving attention to every section of the Dominion. These will be followed by other descriptive articles of the Great West. Tfye Century gives each week illustrated articles of timely worth, bright fiction by Canada's best known authors, illustrated by the best Canadian artists, discussions of important national questions by the leaders of thought and action in Canada and illustrations of Dominion happenings. Katherine Hale's Woman's department is unusually bright and informing. The weekly article on finance attracts Dominion-wide attention. A SAMPLE COPY ON REQUEST The Canadian Century MONTREAL At all News-stands By the year $2.00 Farm Lands in Central I The Opportunity of your Life EaaE5-g5assBfeaiSMA-,gesaft*as»'gaBagasEB g ^ Don't wait till transportation is in, and have to pay four times what you can buy for now. We have transportation from Quesnel, B. C. C| If you want to purchase with small cash payment, see or write us. THE LAST GREAT WEST 505 Cotton Building: Vancouver, B. C. Agents for the Grand Trunk Pacific Townsite of Ellison, B. C. H. McINTOSH D. GARNHAM PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 91 The Great West Light Co., Ltd. Hollow Wire and Tube Systems Makers of the Famous Highlow Gasoline Lamps 50J£ HASTINGS ST., EAST P. O. Box 1401 Vancouver, B. C. ♦$♦••••••••■••••• ••••••..•••••' The PORTLAND Mrs. Baker, Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running not and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B, C ♦!♦•••■ Mrs. J. E. Elliott I Hand-made Goods a Specialty I The most lip-to-Date Store } For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear and everything needful for Infants and Children. Phone R313 t 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. ( JL i (^^v^-\ PANTORIUM Tailoring Phone 1823 Renovating longed and Pressed for 50c. } will make you a regular customer, c Suits Sponged One trial j 313 Gamble St. Vancouver, B. C# j ana vou wn never PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERT O P P O R T U STEEL WORKS IN B. C. Preliminary details for the establishment of steel works in British Columbia by British capitalists are now being worked out. The chief spirit behind the enterprise, which will represent an investment of between $4,000,000 and $5,- 000,000, is Mr. Norton Griffiths, M. P., of London, Eng. Mr. Griffiths is one of the richest men in England. lie is managing director of Messrs. Griffiths & Co., general contractors, who take contracts all over the world. The firm has built many of the largest docks and public works in the British Isles. It is now carrying out a contract for the building of a railway in Chile, the contract price being $37,000,- 000. The railway in question is known as a "longitudinal" line, attaining at several points in the Andes an elevation of over 14,000 feet. Mr. Griffiths has taken a sixty-day option on a big deposit of iron which is located within three miles of the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway and less than 200 miles from Vancouver. He expressed himself as well pleased with the engineers' reports and agreed to cable to England for an expert to make an independent examination. There is said to be an enormous tonnage available. The ore can be trammed down to the railway tracks. VANCOUVER CIRCULAR AND ADV. CO. "THE MULTIGRAPH PEOPLE" Makers of Personal Circular Letters to follow up Prospects Press Clipping' Bureau in connection, covering B. C. H. J. McLATCHY, Manager Phone 19E7 OPENING FOR HOTEL MEN. "There is a great opportunity in the North," recently said D. D. Mann, "for some company to go in for a series of first-class tourist hotels at the fine fishing places and spots of special scenic grandeur. There would be good business for such hotels, and they need not be small affairs by any means." CANADIAN GRAIN CLUB. The estimate of the North-West Grain Dealers' Association puts the wheat crop at 106,510,320 bushels, being an average yield of 12.6 bushels for 8,453,200 acres. Oats will amount to 111,983,000 according to the estimate, being an average of 26.5 bushels from 4,217,400 acres; barley 19,520,000, being iq.i bushels per acre from 1,022,000; flax 5,292,000 or 8.4 bushels per acre from 630,000 acres. I give a complete course, consisting of: 15 Different Alphabets, Design Work, Borders, Scrolls, Illuminated Letters, Stencil and Air Brush Work L. d. TROUNCE 635 GRANVILLE STREET (over tourist association) VANCOUVER, Brtish Columbia G. D. George has various vehicles available for any customer both day and night. Fix in your memory and his telephone number, which i J. w. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LaW-BUTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. e. P. ©. BOX 271 at a loss for a hac The Dustless Floor Brush Should be used in every Home, Store, Church and School* Write W. CARTER 44 BROADWAY 11'. VANCOUVER ♦$♦••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.■•. .•..#■.»■.•..•-»■••-••••••••••••••• DALLAS HOTEL The only Seaside Hotel in the Cit Fifteen minutes walk from P. O. One minute s walk from street cars VICTORIA, B. C. T ISERS. THANK YOU. •-•••••-»-• 4 Page 44 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zb* progressive Brokerage, Tinancial and Industrial Tirnts and Institutions of British Columbia. Phone 2900 A. E. AUSTIN & CO. Real Estate and Insurance. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Real Estate Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. E. C. B. BA6SHAWE & CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 5726 P. O. Box 536 H. BEEMAN Specialist in Point Grey 221 Winch Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. C. TRUST CORPORATION Bk. B. N. A. Bldg., VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 589 J. A. COLLINSON Real Estate Phone 4154 24 0a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. JOHN M. CHAPPBLL Real Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Real Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. T. DEVINE COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 362S DUTHIE ft WISHART Real Estate and Pinancial Agents 520 Pender St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. FRANKLIN CO. Real Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GODDARD ft SON Land Agents, Notaries Phone S202 329 Pender St - VANCOUVER, B. C. LEONARD & REID Real Estate and Pire Insurance Mining Properties in Portland Canal, Hazelton and Qneen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. Tel. 5852 GOODYEAR & MATHESON Real Estate and General Brokers 106 Loo Building VANCOUVER, B. C. GRANVILLE BROKERAGE CO. Real Estate, Insurance, Commission Agts. Phone L4560 1017 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. HARMAN & APPLE TON Real Estate 534 Yates Street - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Pinancial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT 3c WHITAKER Real Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. HINKSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. ALPRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Porwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Re? R 1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. F. Moncreiff P. E. Townshend W. P. MONCREIPP ft CO. Real Estate and Pinancial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT & PELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phono 6320 58 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. FATTULO & RADPORD Real Estate, Insurance and Pinancial Agents P.O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707% Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. Hamilton & myers We run an up-to-date Pool Room, Bowling Alley and Shooting Gallery. We also carry a full line of Cigars, Tobaccos and Confectionery Specialties. Opposite Odd Fellows' Hall, SUMAS, ------ WASH. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH ft SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 - Phone 1743 P. O. Box 247 Phone 178 T. J. FOLLEY ft CO. Real Estate Pire, Life and Accident Insurance. Plate Glass Insurance. Conveyancing. Notaries. Agents for Canadian Home Investment Go. and Commercial Loan and Trust Co., Ltd. CHILLIWACK, B. C. VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT ft LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 5320 532 Granville St - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 815 P. O. Box 735 The City B rokerage Real Estat e, Timber and Fire Insurance A l. T. ABBEY, Manager 1218 Doug la a Street VIC TORI A, B. c. Real Estate Insurance Loans Rooming Houses Business Chances Collections JOHN M. PARK GOLDEN RULE BROKERAGE Phones: Office 5346 Residence 3662 1117 Granville St. Vancouver, B. C. A. SCHUMACHER Dealer in Clothing, Furnishings, Sporting Goods SUMAS, - WASH. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES WATCH THIS We carry a complete line of electric fixtures and supplies. We also do wiring* and fitting-. When in need of fixtures or supplies, call on ALLTREE & CtlLRCHLAND 976 GRANVILLE STREET Phono 2.707 Prompt attention given to repair work WES&8£££ The Pinest Apples in the World Are Grown in British Columbia's Famous DRY BELT DISTRICT THE YIELD IS GREffTEST and the PRICES OBTAINED ARK THE HIGHEST YOU SHOULD LOCATE AT "SUNNYSIDE It is in the HEART of this wonderful district and 5 ACRES of its RICH, DEEP SOIL will make you a GOOD LIVING Write for illustrated folder, ATTRACTIVE PRICES and EASIEST of TERMS to ROSS 8* SHAW 318 Hastings St. W. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU Vancouver, B. C. Page 46 O P P OR T U N I T I E S 1911 ALL ROADS LEAD TO ABBOTSFORD The garden spot of British Columbia. Do not fail to examine the farm lands in this district before investing". My listings are up-to-date and I will be pleased to show you any property that is for sale J. W. McCALLUM ABBOTSFORD, B. C. Real Estate and Financial Agent Auctioneer and Appraiser . . . ABBOTSFORD Hitherto a small village surrounded by large tracts of the richest soil in B. C. is coming to the front and is destined to become a large Market Town of considerable population. Reached by the Great Northern, Canadian Pacific and B. C. Electric Railways, with the Canadian Northern Railway running close, the future prosperity of Abbotsford is assured. Bordering the great Sumas prairie of over 40,000 acres it is impossible to find a better investment than Abbotsford Real Estate. Wire, write or come and see C. A TELEPHONE I P. O. BOX 58 SUMNER Abbotsford, B. C. Salmon, Bear River Joining Company, Ltd. VANCOUVER, B. C. Non-Assessable 570 Granville Street The first issue of treasury shares in the SALMON, BEAR RIVER MINING CO., Ltd., ( Non-Personal Liability ) are now offered at 5j4 cents per share : fy cash, balance 3, 6 and 9 months. The Company is capitalized at $1,000,000.00 divided into 4,000,000 shares of 25 cents each. The Company have purchased outright three first class properties in the Portland Canal District, and have placed 1,800,000 shares in the treasury to be sold to acquire money necessary for development purposes. The paystreak in a 15 ft. vein ran from $267.00 to $2098.00 per ton in gold and silver. The quick fortunes made in mining have been made by those who assisted in developing new properties. Prices of shares will be advanced as soon as the first issue is sold. Send -for Prospectus GILL & CASEMENT—or to O. B. BUSH& CO. 439 Richards Street VANCOUVER, B. C. 570 Granville Street PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. [911 OPPORTUNITIES SEE OUR PROPERTY ^ Corner of River Road and Ontario Street i The choicest thing in South Vancouver. Just placed on the market.—97 choice lots, of which 10 front on River Road and 33 on Ontario Street. Every lot will be cleared and graded. $500 AND UP. TERMS OVER TWO YEARS Latimer, Ney & JVLcTavish, Ltd 419 Pender Street, Vancouver, B. C When You Build That Home Who will furnish the electric fixtures ? We carry a complete line of electric fixtures and supplies. We also do wiring and fitting. When in need of fixtures or supplies, call on ALLTREE & CtlHRCttLAND 976 GRANVILLE STREET Phono 2707 VANCOUVER, B. C, Prompt attention given to repair work Canada s Leading Cafe 7TTHERE'S an individuality., a differentness, ^^ to the Garlton., that is fast making it the Gafe superlative. Take advantage of the earliest opportunity to lunch or dine here. You'll carry away many pleasant memories, including those or delicious cooking, and fine music by our famous Ladies Orchestra. MODERATE PRICES Far less than you d expect to pay for so much luxury and comfort. <| Quick service.—Mr. "Jimmie" Morgan is always on hand to see that patrons receive the best attention. THE CARLTON CAFE Cor. Cordova and Cambie Sts., Vancouver PHONE 5728 PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 4 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 A Woman s Path to Independence Some of the best opportunities for women who desire to achieve independence lie in the new art of Dermatology- This includes Hair Dressing, Marcel Waving, Children's Hair Cutting, Shampooing, Scalp Treatments, Hair Dying and Bleaching, Manicuring, Facial Massage, Wig, Switch and Toupee Making. Women everywhere are realizing to a greater and greater degree the importance of making the most of their physical attractions. More and more are they awakening to the fact that they owe it as a duty to themselves and to those who are interested in them to appear always at their best. For this reason the field of Dermatology is constantly expanding. Any woman who becomes an adept in the practice of this new art can feel assured of a good and steady income. The pathway in Vancouver to this fascinating and lucrative profession lies through the Canadian College of Dermatology, which is equipped with every modern appliance and has a most competent faculty. Students will be admitted after having passed an examination in reading, writing and an eyesight test. Those having a diploma from a public • school or a letter of recommendation from a teacher are admitted without an examination. The necessary tools do not cost more than from ten to fifteen dollars, and these will be found useful to the practitioner after graduation. The Spring term begins on February 15th and continues for ten weeks. The fee for each term is one hundred dollars. Graduates are in demand at good salaries. Moreover, the cost of establishing a manicure parlor, hair goods store or dermatology parlor is so small that any intelligent young woman can embark in the profession and find in it greater scope than in almost any other field which is now open to her. Please address your application to Miss EVA POWELL, Secretary The Canadian College of Dermatology, Vancouver, B. C, care MADAME HUMPHREYS 723 Pender Street W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 91 OPPORTUNITIES EDSON The Coming City In The Land of Opportunities It Pays to Invest Where Prospects are Brightest. There is no city in Canada that offers opportunities for safe and profitable investment equal to those now being offered to the investing public in Edson. Write us for maps and circulars, telling all about the future metropolis of the North West. Dominion Investors Corporation, Limited 213 Dominion Trust Building, Vancouver, B. C. or Room 202 Windsor Block, Edmonton, Alta. ORGANIZE-SYSTEMIZE Wmmmm You require the greatest efficiency in your Office Equipment Service. ^ Prompt delivery, quality goods, honest prices are going to win ouh €J Our store is chuck full of Labor Saving Devices; bright, snappy ideas. Did it ever occur to you that we can help each other? WESTERN SPECIALTY LIMITED Printing, Bookbinding Loose Leaf Systems 314 Pender Street West OFFICE EQUIPPERS T . ?&?"?*,?*• FiUng f^™5 ^ Joint Stock Companies Supplies Phone 5938 VANCOUVER, B. C. WINDSOR PARK ;S $125.00 FOR AN INSIDE LOT; or if $275.00 FOR A FINE DOUBLE CORNER. Terms-$20.00 Cash. Balance—15.00 Month Just north of proposed Imperial Car Works and Dry Docks Canadian National Investors LIMITED (Successors to Foster & Fisher) 310 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 6488 Open Kvenines ^rzxixixixixixiiixixixixiixiiiixixxiiicxxxrriiiixxxzrixriiizirxixiiiirxrrixiiixiiix^ For tne Best and Most Satisfactory Forms of Accident Insurance or Health Policies covering every form or Accident or Sickness, see our latest proposition. General Agent for B. C. for the TRAVELLERS INSURANCE GOT Hartford, Conn. , W, W, DRESSER 438 Pender St. W., | VANGOUVER B. G. brxxxx3cxxxxx«xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx:Drxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxrrxxxxx^ .nrri Ladies—Be Wise Prepare for Easter Now Ostrich Feathers Cleaned, Curleu and Dyed. Gorgeous-French Wil lows made of your discarded plumes Special Prices during February. REFERENCES:LEADING STORES African Plume Parlor Suite 54, 429 Pender Street West PLEA8E MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES LADNER FOR FULL PARTICULARS APPLY TO There is no better improved farm land in the Delta district than the Pemberton Farm, which faces Canoe Pass a few miles from the town of Ladner. This property has been subdivided into blocks of from 2j4 acres up, and we have six blocks left. At the prices and terms at which we can deliver, there is no better investment in farm lands. PEMBERTON & SON 326 HOMER STREET VANCOUVER, B. C. FOR SALE For quick sale we can offer, subject to confirmation, 10,000 Shares of British Columbia Amalgamated Coal at lc. per Share 0. H. BOWMAN & COMPANY Investment Brokers Mahon Building VICTORIA, B. C- Send For Our Market Letters Issued Free of Cost || S your correspondence accurately *■ written; is the spelling and punctuation correct ? If it is not, give me a trial and we will both be satisfied. MISS SOMMERVILLE PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Room 709 Bower B'ldg. Phone 1014 Sty? SSUwftt g>tnbxxtz L. HAWEIS, Prop. 319 PENDER ST. WEST I * °£ PHONE 5074 THE BEST PORTRAITURE I SPECIALIZE IN EFFECTIVE FIRELIGHT STUDIES, WHICH ARE NOW THE VOGUE PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 r ■~) ^> r4TA W Opportunities VANCOUVER, B. C. CONTENTS. FEBRUARY, 1911 Page 9 Opportunities and the Home 10 A Rich Land Which Waits for Settlers William Ford 1 1 Men Who Come Out from England Thomas H. Ingram 14~ Wealth in Chickens William M. Coats 1 7 Some "Opinions of Mary" on a vital theme. . . .Alice Ashworth ToTvnley 19 The Greatest Fishing Industry Natural Resources Series No. 4 20 The Five-acre Farm and Its Limitations George Schumacher, Ph.D. 24 Resources of Queen Charlotte Islands D. L. Young 26 The Frame Up (A Story) J.H.W. 28 Industrial Progress in British Columbia 33 i Best Year Yet in Mining 34 < Good Roads and Streets F. M. Foulser 39 =^ H. S. STUDY DESIGNER AND ILLUSTRATOR ^Sj^ fl Drawings for Advertisers, Designs and Illustrations for Newspapers, Magazines, Catalogues, Etc. «9 Ex Libris, Book Plate Designs. fQ. Bird's Eye and Perspective Drawings* CJ Cover Designs and Book Illustrations. €J Monograms, Trade Marks, Labels and Letter Heads. »$• 4* 4" Consultations, advice and sketches free preliminary J Your Letters Home are welcomed by the folks who stayed behind. You realize this and consequently you write as often as possible BUT are you able to tell them as much about your new home as you would like to ? {J Have you reliable information to send them, or having that, have you the time to send it? why not let 'Opportunities' do this for you ? It costs only one dollar a year, and will give the home folks a very much greater amount of information than could possibly be contained in letters. ^ Send us the name and address, together with $ 1.00, and the paper will be sent immediately. Opportunities Publishing Company 429 Pender Street Vancouver, B. C. CLASSIFIED ADS. WANTED—Buyers for our 5, 10, 15 and 40 acre farms in Langley, 20 miles from Vancouver, near two railroads and tram line. Prices low .and very easy terms. Kraus, Reynolds Co., Ltd., 503 Dominion Trust Building, Vancouver, B. C. Farm Lands, partly improved, 6 miles from Manor, Sask., $18 to $23 per acre. Black & McDonnell, 60 Hastings Street East, Vancouver, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTI8ER8. THANK YOU. Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 Central British Columbia Farm Lands Along the line of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway: Wheat, Oats, Barley, Rye, Timothy, Red Clover, Potatoes, Parsnips, Beets, Carrots, Onions and Cabbages, all make bonanza crops. We own some of the best land in the Fort George District, Nechaco Valley and Bulkley Valley. You can still buy good land at reasonable prices and on easy terms. Small cash payment and five years on the balance. Title guaranteed. CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA IS THE COMING COUNTRY North Coast Land Company, Ltd. PAID UP CAPITAL, $1,000,000.00 I 411 Winch Building Vancouver, B. C. Write your name and address below and mail to North Coast Land Company, Ltd. 411 Winch Building, Vancouver, B. C. Please send your pamphlets and other advertising matter to the above address. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Managing Editor HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief PAUL W. TROUSDALE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 3 FEBRUARY, 1911 No. 2 EDITORIAL THREE muses of British Columbia publicity are portrayed this month on our front cover. The picture, of course, is rather fanciful. The chief publicity practitioners of the Province, Mr. Ernest McGaffey, of Victoria, Dr. Rowe, of Vancouver, Mr. Frank I. Clark, of the Provincial Government, and Mr. Stuart Wade, of New Westminster, would bear but slight resemblance to the figures in the picture, even if draped in similar fashion. Yet the work which is being done by these gentlemen, and by others, is worthy of allegorical or epic representation. It is the fate of most of us, moving along in our grooves toward ends of private gain, to contribute little or nothing to the larger movements of life. We are mainly interested in persuading the man around the corner to patronize our shop, rather than in persuading the man at the other end of the world to cast his fortune in our domain. The exigencies or selling goods of various kinds have been so absorbing to many that they have not fully realized the importance and dignity of the work of the publicity men, that of bringing about a better distribution of people on the face of the earth, of preaching-the gospel of new opportunities with a view to drawing population from places where it is too thick, to places where it is too thin. This is toil in the upbuilding of cities, in the development of commonwealths, and in the swinging of human destinies. It is much bigger work than the average man performs, and it deserves greater recognition than it has yet received. In British Columbia, however, it is strongly supported by a large number of progressive citizens and is bringing benefits too great for measurement. Hundreds of tons of literature are sent out annually by the various publicity agencies of British Columbia. Hundreds of thousands of letters are received and answered. There are illustrated lectures and talks in many centers. Each year sees millions of the people of the Old World, and particularly of the British Isles, made better acquainted with the openings m this new land, and sees a great additional number of them turning their hopes and their steps in this direction. The steadily and rapidly growing interest in British Columbia is indicated by the increasing number of letters of enquiry received by the official bureau of information at Victoria. In 1 906 the number of letters was 9,280; in 1907, 16,920; in 1908, 26,974; in 1909, 38,079; in 1910, 47,309. In similarily increasing ratio letters are pouring into the Vancouver Island Development League, the Vancouver Tourist Association, the New Westminster Publicity Commission, the railroad companies and numerous other organizations. The exodus of population from old communities to British Columbia has been already great, and is constantly becoming greater. It is one of the big migrations of history and in large measure it is being directed by the publicity men. It will be seen, then, that this new art of publicity is one of much importance. It need not be practiced only by the few. If you have a friend of the right calibre who is making an uphill fight in another section it would be an. act of friendship to inform him of the expanding opportunities here. It would probably be good for him and would be a contribution to the upbuilding of the North-west. THE lowly Chinese as we see him trundling his baskets through the streets of Vancouver is not an impressive object, and we are apt to forget that he represents an Empire which is now seeing one of the most profound economic and social revolutions since the time of Christ. Within not much more than a decade the Empire has passed through periods which correspond in miniature to epochs of evolution in European history, the dark ages, the middle ages, the Elizabethan period, the Victorian period, until to-day China has nearly caught up with modern civilization. An educational system which has endured for rwo thousand years is being rapidly swept aside. In the city of Pekin alone there are seventeen thousand university students. This means that a tremendous market is developing in the Orient. British Columbia is in a particularly good position to obtain a large amount of this trade. While the Chinese question has its difficulties, it will undoubtedly be solved and Vancouver's importance as a great port will be enhanced by the trade which is bound to be developed through the evolution of the Chinese into a modern people. lF greater importance than any other publice question which has come before the Canadian public in recent years is that of the proposed reciprocity treaty between Canada and the United States. This agreement has not yet been ratified by Parliament at Ottawa and Congress at Washington, but the indications are that it will be formally accepted by both governments. It will be necessary then to make the best of it. To throw light on this subject, "Opportunities proposes to publish in the March issue some carefully digested opinions from men who are best qualified to judge of the effect of reciprocity upon various branches of British Columbia industry. Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES 19 OPPORTUNITIES AND THE HOME With our March Issue will be Inaugurated a New Department "The House and Home" |OME building is a primitive instinct. The story of its development has an important place in the larger history of social growth, especially in a community as new as British Columbia and the North-west. "Opportunities" was started about a year ago with the avowed purpose of reflecting truthfully the resources and life of this Province. We know of nothing more indicative of individual character or more expressive of the spirit which governs any community than the homes and home life of that community. AN ATTRACTIVE RESIDENCE _ " '■') Through this definite channel of common interest, we hope not only to educate those of our readers who live outside of the Province to the advantages of a home in British Columbia, but we seek also to give the people who already live in this well favored country valuable suggestions as to how they can do best in home building. "More homes and better homes" is to be the keynote of our symphony. We desire your co-operation. Such a department as we are planning must depend for its material upon a variety of sources. No one man could write or edit a department that will interest everyone. There are too many viewpoints to be regarded. All suggestions and material will be thankfully received, and adopted to the extent of their practicability. In adding this new department we believe that we have struck upon a subject of interest to the greatest number of persons not already readers of "Opportunities," as well as to those who have followed and encouraged us in the early stages of our development. We are growing and intend to grow a whole lot more. We represent no particular interest or occupation. We hope to represent more and more fully the multitudinous activities of this Province. The home, with all that a true one means, constitutes the most vital thing on earth. Therefore, we intend to make the portrayal of it, in its many phases, a very prominent feature of our magazine. We would like to receive suggestions. This new department will afford you a good opportunity to improve your Opportunities. AN OUTLINE OF THE NEW DEPARTMENT We are going to call our new department "House and Home." We believe that the field and need for such a department is strong and is growing stronger. Publications in this section heretofore have been singularly devoid of critical information and explanation either from the practical or artistic side of home-making. To give this department the greatest value to the greatest number requires a breadth of treatment that forbids too much detail. We can only for the time at least, select that material which is most representative and important. The general development of better building in this Province will be treated of in a series of short articles by men of technical training and long residence. The current processes of actual building will be discussed in detail, simply and interestingly by architects, contractors and practical builders in every line. Photographs and non-technical drawings will be copiously introduced to assist the comprehension. Every article will be full of practical, helpful suggestions. In this connection the homes adapted to the needs of people of moderate means will be given preference, although descriptive articles of more elaborate dwellings will be a feature. To give you some idea of the way we believe that this department can be made of practical assistance, permit us to announce for our March issue a symposium on the question, "How can a man earning $100 a month or less, acquire and furnish a home of his own in the City of Vancouver?" This question will be answered in short, pithy statements by practical people, most important of whom will be the man who has done it himself. Another feature will be the "Growth of Building in British Columbia," by an old-timer, whose name we are going to keep from you as a welcome surprise until the article appears. This will take up the subject of building from the time this man came to British Columbia and helped the Indians put up his first primitive skin tent to the day of his just completed magnificent suburban villa. Photographs, both interior and exterior, and an intimate descriptive article of one of the finest Vancouver residences will prove a practical and entertaining bit of reading for those who love splendid specimens of arts and crafts. The preparation of the home garden for spring will be fully described by an expert lover of horticulture, under whose tutelage some of the most splendid effects in beautifying hitherto ugly spots have been attained. Short articles selected with an idea of their special timeliness will characterize the House and Home department from month to month. Whether you are man or woman; whether you live in town or country; whether your possessions are a million dollars or merely hopes, there will be something aimed at you. A COTTAGE HOME We have scarcely begun to enumerate the good things which await you. In return for our work we ask your kindly offices in the way of criticism and support. Speak a good word for us when you can. Send us your subscriptions. If you know of anyone who would like to make some money easily, ask them to help us introduce "Opportunities" and its new offspring to their friends. And above all do not forget to look for the March number. You can get it on the news stands, but better still, drop a postal or telephone us to send it to you. OPPORTUNITIES Vol. in. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C, FEBRUARY, 1911. A Rich Land Which Waits for Settlers British Columbia's North Country is Beginning to Offer Fresh Opportunities to a Multitude of People By William Ford T is manifestly impossible in a single article, or even in a series of articles, to make any complete or adequate presentation of the vast domain known as new British Columbia. Here we will deal only with a few of the more important features of the immense country which lies to the north of the well settled portions of the Province. It can be said at the outset that this so-called north country promises to have, within the next few years, a much greater population than any other unsettled region of like area on the globe. Here are many millions of acres of virgin but productive territory, little traversed by man because of its remoteness from railway lines. Knowledge of it has been meager. It has been regarded by the great majority of people on this continent as "the frozen north." As an illustration of the ignorance of the great North-west which long prevailed and which has not been wholly banished, it is interesting to note the fact that half a century ago a congressional commission of the United States announced that the State of Illinois marked the northern limit of the profitable wheat growing area in North America. At about the same period, when American railroad builders were seeking a possible rail route to the Pacific, the Northern Pacific route was put aside with scant consideration as impracticable because of its northerly location. Not until very recently has there been any general appreciation of the big fact that the British Columbia subdivisions of Cariboo, Quesnel, Skeena, and the Peace River section of Ominica have, in addition to mineral richness in various sections, great areas of land for agriculture, and that here a new land of immense area and great possibilities is being opened to settlement and civilization. The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, subsidized in a measure by the Dominion Government, is the chief trail maker. The Canadian Northern is also pushing toward this expanse of virgin territory, and there are definite plans for other lines. In addition to the steel pathways, there are the waterways provided by the Fraser, the Skeena, and other rivers, and by the Pacific ocean. Thus it will be seen that new British Columbia will be in easy touch with all the big centres of the world. There will be plenty of means of transportation for bringing people in, and for carrying products out. With the development of these facilities of transportation, myriads of opportunities will arise in a region which, until these early years of the twentieth cen tury, has been, for all purposes of general commerce, as inaccessible as the desolate wastes of the polar regions. The bugbear of winter cold has been swept aside. It is now well known that the new city of Prince Rupert, the coast terminus of the Grand Trunk Pacific, has about the same latitude as has London, England, and is tempered in the same way by soft winds from a warm ocean current. On the Pacific Coast it is the Japanese current. The winds from it reach far inland, driving back the frost king and giving to great expanses of country a climate well adapted to the pursuit of agriculture and the building up of populous and thriving communities. In glancing briefly at this country it will be convenient to follow the route of the Grand Trunl 'acific from Yellow- head Pass, in the Cariboo District on the eastern border of British Columbia, to Prince Rupert on the western waters. It may be said here that this route is shorter by several hundred miles than any other from the City of London across the Atlantic and the continent to Japan and Asia, and that it will become in all probability the principal highway of travel in trips around the world. Yellow- head Pass, with a notably low grade, is the easiest of all the railroad thoroughfares through the Rockies. It was i$£Bzgm PRINCE RUPERT, THK NEW CITY AND RAILROAD TERMINAL OP THE NORTH COAST Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 named after Jasper Hawes, first factor of the Hudson Bay trading post, located near this point. He had long hair of yellow hue, was called Tete Jaune by the voyageurs, and was referred to generally in English as "Yellowhead." The future transcontinental traveller by this route will approach the pass along the wild and noisy Miette River. The mountains on either side will loom up to majestic heights, and after a while will show less altitude as the train speeds westward along the south fork of the Fraser River and across wide reaches of rolling country to Fort George, three hundred and twenty-five miles west from Edmonton, three hundred miles east from Prince Rupert, and four hundred and twenty-five miles north of Vancouver. vicinity. Now there are between five hundred and one thousand. As the result of the announcement of the route of the Grand Trunk Pacific, Fort George has risen suddenly in the wilderness with a good hotel, a newspaper, school, churches, and other features of civilization. All the indications are that Fort George will develop with unusual rapidity into a big and thriving community. To the south of the Fort George country lies the Quesnel District, where there are large areas of good agricultural and grazing lands, and where the conditions in general are similar to those which lie along the Fraser Valley farther north. In addition to this tributary country to the south, Fort George is the gateway to the Peace River region to the north. This is a rolling country of fruits such as apples and plums. Raspberries, saskatoons, currants, blueberries, strawberries and cranberries grow wild along the north side of the Peace River. Mineral showings, with the exception of some promising coal seams, are meagre. The future of this section of British Columbia seems to lie in the direction of mixed farming, dairying and stock raising. It may be that large deposits of coal will be opened up. The railway route which will open this northern country will extend west from Fort George for a hundred miles or so through the Nechaco Valley, which, according to all reports, promises to become one of the finest agricultural sections of the interior. The land is rolling; the soil is rich; and the principal crops can be grown without trouble. T j I L C S-"' Mx ^%J^P^ >••, Brl IMS mm '^mSS^m^ i ^ REPORT iiH^^S ^»JL y^Mm^ W\)A "'^^^^Y mm^ JjtTGlilS ; 5 > 40 hO HUN ' m&SSSiES^ ft i m Jfc =—r»— k£ THE COUNTRY TRIBUTARY TO THE GRAND TRUNK PACIFIC. NOW IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION THROUGH NEW BRITISH COLUMBIA Fort George will be a division point for the Grand Trunk Pacific and also, in all probability, for the British Columbia and Alaska Railway, the Victoria and Fort George, and some other lines which have definite plans for building through this region. In the Fort George country are big areas well adapted for the growing of hay, grain, fruits, and most of the staple vegetables. Besides the agricultural land, there is much timber. The Cariboo District, moreover, is a gold country. It has the reputation of being one of the finest placer mining countries of the world and is now looming up with promise of greater production than the placer workings ever yielded. Some "gentlemen adventurers" of the Hudson's Bay Company established a trading post near the present site of Fort George a couple of centuries ago, but as recently as the autumn of 1909 there were only seven white men in this great area, and is covered for the most .part with small growths of poplar, birch and willow, with occasional patches of spruce and jackpine. There are numerous grass meadows and the country is said to be well adapted for grazing, the Indians wintering their horses in many places without shelter. The heat in the summer is moderate, and while the temperature in the winter falls for a few weeks below the zero mark, the weather is not as cold as in some of the other Canadian Provinces much farther south. There are as yet comparatively few settlers in the district, but land has been sold by compa'nies and taken up by preemption, and there will be a considerable influx of population in the spring. There are abundant growths of wild hay and other wild grasses, and it is a well established fact that the country is good for barley, rye, oats and wheat. The indications are also favorable for large The general altitude is lower than that of the surrounding country, and the climate is comparatively mild. It is somewhat like that in the vicinity of Quebec with a lighter snowfall. The Nechaco River abounds in salmon, trout, sturgeon and other edible fish. It has been stated by authorities that the flat country of the lower Nechaco basin constitutes one of the greatest continuous regions susceptible to cultivation in the Province, and that when the railroad brings it into easy communication with the rest of the world, one of British Columbia's most productive sections will be developed here. The Bulkley Valley, which lies farther west along the railway line, is a country of rolling hills well adapted to agriculture. It is less suitable, perhaps, for cattle ranging than for mixed farming, although it already supports a few excellent herds of dairy cattle. There are OPPORTUNITIES Page 13 PRINCE RUPERT DOCKS, FROM WHICH SHIPS WILL SAIL FOR MANY PORTS gardens already producing fine staple vegetables, and barley, wheat, oats and timothy are raised successfully. It has been estimated that the amount of excellent agricultural land in the valley covers several million acres. The first settlement took place in the summer of 1904, when about twenty pre-emptors took up land, built themselves cabins and prepared to cultivate the soil. Since then, settlers have been arriving in a small stream, and now there are in the valley several hundred men, women and children, occupying and tilling the land. Summing the valley up it can be said that it presents fine opportunities for agriculture. All of the farming products command high prices, and will find a constantly expanding market with the coming of the railroads and more settlers. There are promising showings of minerals, and along the Telkwa River are coal deposits which indicate a large coal mining industry in the future. Near the Pacific Coast is Hazelton, where the conditions are similar in general to those in the Bulkley Valley. The Bulkley River flows into the Skeena River at Hazelton and the railroad follows the Skeena to the west and to the Pacific. It has been judged by representatives of the Dominion Government that the Skeena and the Kitsumkalum valleys contain great areas of good agricultural land. The timber here is principally spruce, hemlock, willow, and cedar. Along the upper Skeena there are large tracts of land on both sides of the river which are well adapted to the growing of fruit and to other branches of agriculture. Many settlers have taken up land in this region. It is predicted that upon the completion of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway the upper Skeena will become one of the garden spots of British Columbia. The country along the Skeena and Naas rivers shows coal deposits which promise, with the settlement of this country, to yield a large production, and thus to play an important part in the development of various industries. A comparatively short distance from Hazelton to the south-west is situated Prince Rupert, the coast terminus of the Grand Trunk Pacific and a young city which, in anticipation of the big railway traffic of the future, has already developed into a community of about five thousand people, and has good hotels, progressive newspapers, and other features of high civilization. Prince Rupert has one of the best harbors on the Pacific Coast, and from this are constantly sailing vessels to many parts of the world. With canneries reaching for miles along the Skeena River, the city is the centre of the fishing industry of Northern British Columbia, and is the site of a million and a half dollar refrigerator plant now in course of construc tion. In the vicinity of Prince Rupert last year salmon to the value of about $5,000,000, and halibut valued at about $1,000,000 were caught. The industry in this neighborhood employs about twelve thousand men. The country which will be tributary to Prince Rupert, and which has just been described in brief outline, is larger than England, Ireland, Scotland, Italy, Austria and Scandinavia, and the vast volume of agriculture and other products of this great region will serve as time goes on to constantly increase Prince Rupert's prosperity. The city will also derive revenue from the Portland Canal mining district, which is being opened with so much promise to the north, and from the Queen Charlotte Islands, which are developing great potentialities in coal production. Among the manufacturing plants projected or constructed at Prince Rupert are the salmon canneries, brick yards, fertilizer plants, oil refineries, flour mills, stamp mills, and smelting works. The great tracts of timber have brought saw mills to the vicinity, and also a pulp mill costing over a million dollars. Many kinds of big and small game roam the surrounding country. The city will, beyond a doubt, become a great shipping center in British Columbia, and one of the largest cities on the Pacific Coast, with plenty of opportunities for those who know how to make the most of them. The country described above is not, of course, a section for the luxurious or the timid. It requires men and women who are able and willing to undergo hardship at the beginning for the sake of independence. Its opportunities lie in the fact that the food supply in North America is not increasing in proportion to the increase in population. m*L 33£ SSBI .•/<- A MAIN STREET WHICH WAS A WILDERNESS A LITTLE WHILE AGO Page 14 OPPORTUNITIES 191 Men Who Come Out From England Some Suggestions by those who have come to British Columbia to Make Careers by one who has been "Through the Mill" By Thomas H. Ingram T1 HE big movement from the British Isles to Canada in general i and British Columbia in particular makes pertinent a consideration of the kind of Englishman who is most likely to succeed amid the conditions of this new country. In this connection it is interesting at the outset to note what has been said on this subject by Mr. Thomas Howell, who has charge of the immigration project of the Canadian Northern Railway, and who is now organizing a series of lecture tours throughout the agricultural districts of Great Britain for the purpose of inducing people to migrate to Canada. Mr. [owell, speaking of the English mechanic in Canada, says that the latter needs tact as well as skill; that work is conceived and carried out by somewhat different methods than those which prevail in the Old Country, and that the home trained mechanic, though he may be a more skillful man than the Canadian, must be prepared to say: "I see you want me to do it this way, although I have been accustomed to doing it that way. All right, I will do it the way you want it done." These words express in a nutshell the attitude which the young Englishman in British Columbia should adopt if he hopes to achieve here the full measure of success. An unwillingness to learn the ways of Canada, a feeling of superiority, or a supercilious manner, means disaster. I have seen this illustrated in numerous cases. For instance, some years ago I obtained for a young man from England a good position in the accounting department of a Vancouver firm. He was an efficient bookkeeper, but took frequent occasion to comment unfavorably on the methods in vogue in the office. He set himself up as a critic. This antagonized the other members of the clerical force, and created friction, which made it necessary for the employer of this young man to ask for his resignation. Thus it was that he lost an excellent position. A recent instance of this kind was that of the agent of an English company which desired to introduce a certain article into the British Columbia market. The agent knew his business as he had learned it in England, but he positively declined to open his mind to local methods and conditions. He seemed to think that instead of trying to conform to British Columbia ways he would be successful in compelling business people here to conform to the methods of the Old Country. His failure was complete, and it was not long before the English house withdrew him from the field and substituted a man who had more adaptability. During my long residence in Canada and British Columbia, I have observed a great many other incidents of the same character, and as the result of this observation I would strongly advise all young Englishmen to enter into their new life here with a willingness to learn. The truth of the matter is that while methods here are by no means perfect, as is, of course, true in all other countries of the world, these methods are for the most part better adapted to the conditions of this new country than are those which some Englishmen, to their own undoing, endeavor to transplant from across the Atlantic. The young man coming here from the other side should keep a close mouth and wide open eyes until he has gained some knowledge of British Columbia. The more knowledge he obtains the less likely he is to criticise and adopt that superior point of view which so quickly arouses antagonism and dislike. He will learn in time that we are still at the beginning and are working with remarkable energy and productivity to make this one of the finest regions of the earth for contented living and building up individual prosperity, and that it is vastly better for him to absorb the buoyant spirit of this effort and progress than to hold aloof and try to assume the position of a judge. If he is to develop with the country he must work at the top of his energy and ability to do that work which comes first to hand, unless, of course, he is in the fortunate situation of having financial resources sufficient to enable him to choose his field of endeavor. The young man coming here without means to make his way, should cut loose from any shrinking feeling about work which, in the Old Country, he might regard as beneath him. I have long believed, and this belief, is in harmony with the true spirit of British Columbia, that the work cannot demean the man, but that the man can demean the work. Class dis tinctions are almost nil in British Columbia. Kinds of work which might cause a young man to lose caste in many of the older and more effete communities of the world, have here the effect of increasing respect for the man who is willing to make his climb from the lower rungs of the ladder. In the early days of my own experience in Alberta I delivered ice and milk at back doors of residences during the day, and in the evening entered the same residences through the front door as a guest. I was willing to do whatever I had to do to get ahead, and I can say that it was never necessary for me to remain out of some kind of employment for more than twenty-four hours at a time. My own experience in this particular has been duplicated by hundreds of other Englishmen who have come to this country with the right spirit. Many of the most successful men in this City of Vancouver made their start here at some form or other of manual labor, and are proud of it. For instance, I was taking a stroll the other day with a friend who is a successful business man. We happened to draw near the wharves, and he said, with a laugh, "Let's go down to the waterfront. I want to take a look at the old dock where I used to juggle freight for a living." A man can never tell just what path leads to his big opportunity, and my own experience has been that by far the best plan is to take the path which stretches immediately before him, without regard to whether or not it looks steep and arduous. In this connection it is interesting to quote at some length from the story of a young Englishman who came to this country without friends or influence, and eventually made good. His experience is not altogether representative, in that it contained harder knocks than come to most young men here, but it brings to light the spirit which in British Columbia is bound to win. This young man has written in part as follows: "There are a great many things that the unskilled tenderfoot in British Columbia can do if he has grit. But I would bid him remember that grit is a hard thing. It is an ideal made real; and everywhere it is easier to talk than to do. There are things also that he may struggle to do without success. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 15 night his eyes followed me. I went to can get your muscle up working for the ilway—if not your banking account. Then he must try something else. I tried hard, in lumber camps of the the pay-clerk and "took my time" and Thompson and Columbia Rivers, to departed like a cat out of a bucket of A dollar and a half a day the railroad learn to swing an axe. I never learned water. A year later I saw that boss, and paid in a country where other unskilled the knack of it. At my first attempt to he stared at me in astonishment—I had swing a hammer I skinned the knuckles changed. I had seen what was wrong laborers made $2.50 and skilled laborers from three to four dollars. The work ^ VANCOUVER DOCKS AND RAILWAY STATION Vfe IX kXtif m \ M TYPICAL OF THE WAY IN WHICH MANY HAVE MADE THEIR START IN B. of the boss. He did not fire me. He took another method. He gave me job after job that I couldn't do, a suppressed hilarity on his face, his eyes staring and glittering, his great chest heaving. At with me, and gone to school in the new world and learnt. "I went to work on the railway after that fiasco, getting the poorest wages for manual labor in the place. Bi t you was trucking goods from the freight shed to freight car, from freight car to freight shed, with a gay, sorry gang composed of tenderfeet who could get nothing else to do, and old stagers who Page 16 EMPRESS HOTEL, VICTORIA, B. C. had little cash in hand and wanted a soft job—it was soft to them—that would give them just enough "to be going on with." When the job became a "soft job" to me also, I argued that my muscles and condition were better, and I should try for something else. "I went down to Vancouver and found street work at two and a half a day. I tackled a long-handled shovel and learned to throw up earth out of a drain -with the best of them. It was terriffic work for a tenderfoot. But the trucking had stiffened me up a bit, and I kept at it. But one day as I picked and shovelled I heard a little crack and it seemed to be in my back. It was. I could not stand erect. And just when I thought I was breaking in so well and getting to be quite the peer of all those callous wielders of the pick and shovel! When I managed to straighten, I could not stoop again. But luck was with me still—it was just knocking-off time. I walked down to the hotel stiff as a poker, hoping to be all right in the morning. "But in the morning I couldn't move. It took three weeks to heal that strain. The money was all gone then, for it cost me a dollar a day for board and bed alone. So I went out into the rain, cursing Vancouver, cursed everything, cursing my folly for having come down to the coast, and found a scow full of macadamized rock by the waterside, two men shovelling the rock off into a waiting cart, and a man in a waterproof looking on. I went up to the man in the waterproof and asked him if he wanted more hands. ' 'Jump right in,' he said, and nodded towards half a dozen short shovels stacked near by. "I felt his eyes on me as I took the shovel. My back was all right—supple as ever. I shovelled; but this shovelling was not like shovelling earth. I squinted at one of the other men, and saw how he put the shovel flat to the deck of the scow, and then thrust forward, under the pile of rock, swinging his knees. I did the same—and won. "My earlier shovelsful had been too small; I saw that myself. I knew the OPPORTUNITIES 191 boss saw it. He fidgetted round me. He looked along the rainy waterfront; once, under his breath, he swore. When I took that good shovelful he sighed a good sigh, said to the air, 'That's it!' and turned his back on me. "I moved from job to job, and began to make headway. My habit of concentrating on 'learning how' stood me in excellent stead. I succeeded at last. I got on my feet. Back at home I never would have had the nerve to do what I did out here in the most buoyant and hopeful atmosphere in the world." It is quite evident that the clever writer of the above was not receiving remittances. The mere fact that a man gets money from the people at home during the earlier period of his career in British Columbia should not, of course, be held against him. The truth is that there are many so-called remittance men who have utilized the pecuniary aid in making a start on the right track and establishing themselves firmly in prosperous occupations. On the other hand, it cannot be denied that many young men have put their remittances to uses which have caused the term "remittance man" to become, to a certain extent, one of scorn and odium. I remember, back in the old days, in the North-west, when some of the remittance men, upon receiving from the other side the periodical contributions to their support, would come swashbuckling into town with two or three guns strapped to their belts, and with definite intentions of drinking too much and of terrorizing the neighborhood. From one settlement in particular a crowd of them would come in Bain wagons, into which they would load kegs of beer and bottles of whisky, after having loaded themselves with the same sort of fluids. Then, with their horses whipped to a run, they would go careering through the streets, shouting, firing their revolvers, shooting out lights, and, in general, giving sorry imitations of typical bad men of the West. That was some twenty years ago and while this sort of rowdyism is no longer seen, the spirit of it still exists, I regret to say, in some of the remittance men who lounge about the clubs, getting drunk when they have the money, running up bills with tradesmen, and borrowing right and left when their remittances have been dissipated. Such individuals are, of course, in the small minority, yet they make themselves conspicuous and then create an impression from which other men are apt to suffer. The fault with most young men who receive money from home is that they are inclined to depend too much upon the remittances, and, therefore, to be too finiky about the kind of work they undertake. In making his start in this country, I should say that it is far better for a young man to come here without APPLE TREES ARE A SOURCE OF WEALTH any anchor to windward in the form of remittances, but only with the few hundred dollars necessary to tide him over the period of looking about for a good opening. Under these circumstances he knows that he must work to live, and is much more apt to develop quickly into the kind of young man we want here for the big work of building up this great commonwealth. Ignorance of British Columbia constitutes one of the great defects of the average Englishman upon his arrival in the country. There are a large number who have the weird idea that this is an Eldorado; that money can be shovelled up in the streets. There are many others who think that British Columbia is a sort of frontier post in a great wilderness. I met one of the latter last summer in London. He informed me that he wished to come to British Columbia. When I asked him what he intended to do here, he said: "Oh, I think I'll do a bit of trapping for furs, don't you know." I told him that this was a good business in the unsettled sections, but that it required, a great deal of experience, and entailed much hardship. "Oh, I am not intending," he answered breezily, "to go far into the woods. You have quite a settlement in Vancouver, I understand, and I think I'll just do my trapping from there, you know." I replied that this might be an excellent idea, since in the West End of Vancouver were a large number of stray cats. Summing up the question of the young Englishman in British Columbia, I can say from long experience that he is heartily welcome, and has big opportunities for success if he is willing to work and learn. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page \7 Wealth in Chickens One of the Province's Best Opportunities Lies in Poultry Raising By William M. Coats HERE was imported into British Columbia in 1909 three million five hundred dollars' worth of poultry and eggs. The figures for 1910 have not yet been received, but it is safe to say that they will show no less an importation of these products than did 1909. This is worthy of close attention. It shows that a great amount of money is waiting here for poultryrhen. In this business there are few risks. The market, already great, is constantly growing greater. It cannot be affected by products from other sections, because local poultry always brings from five to ten cents a pound more than the cold storage product from a distance, and local eggs range up to twenty cents a dozen higher than case eggs brought in from elsewhere. Our own eggs never fell below thirty-five cents a dozen in 1910, and brought as high as seventy-five cents. The indications are that prices this year will be even higher. It is quite true that a man must have a knowledge of the poultry industry to make it pay. By far the best plan for the beginner is to start in a small way and develop his business and his knowledge of it at the same time. He should concentrate his attention upon the producing end. The market, as I have already said, will take care of itself. Twenty- five million dozen eggs were imported into the Dominion of Canada in 1910. Most of these were brought from China and Russia, the Chinese eggs being used in the West, and the Russian eggs in the East. All of these eggs were dipped in wax to preserve them as long as possible, and none were less than three months old. There is no good reason for indulging in this tremendous importation of eggs. It is true that our cities and towns have developed so rapidly that it is very difficult to supply the demand, but the opportunities in the business are of the best, and there are plenty of people in a position to take advantage of them. Any man with any knowledge of the industry will find in British Columbia a great demand for all the poultry and eggs he can possibly produce throughout the year, and will always find the prices high enough to give him an excellent profit. Moreover, the Provincial Government will assist him in numerous ways, particularly in showing him how A POULTRY LORD to conduct a poultry plant. The British Columbia Live Stock Commissioner, Mr. A. Jull, has secured a leading poultry expert in the person of J. R. Terry, who was poultry instructor at the Agricultural College at Guelph, Ontario, and who is now here to give poultrymen all the'information and advice he has at his command. At all the leading poultry shows recently the Government has had displays, showing how poultry should be raised and dressed for the market. Mr. Terry has been kept busy instructing breeders as to how to treat, house, and market their fowl, how to feed for eggs and so forth. This assistance has been of much value. As an illustration of what may be done in this industry, I can mention the success of J. J, Wilson, who conducts the White Wings Poultry Ranch at Steves- ton, B. C. Five years ago Mr. Wilson started in a small way. In 1910 he shipped twenty-eight thousand one-day- old chicks, and sold for hatching over twenty thousand eggs, in addition to the great number which he marketed for food. His sales of poultry were also very large, and his net profit for the year amounted to over ten thousand dollars. There are others who have been very successful. I have mentioned Mr. Wilson in particular merely because he was good enough to show me his books, thus making me sure of the facts in his case. Before he embarked in the business he and I had numerous talks on the outlook. He was then breeding poultry only as a pastime, but this gave him an insight into the big demand for fresh eggs and well dressed poultry, and so, one day, he informed me that he was going into the business in earnest. I have already mentioned the results to date. While these have been big, it is a certainty that in the future they will be even bigger. Mr. Wilson makes a specialty of breeding white leghorns and white Pekin ducks. His experience has been that the leghorns are wonderfully heavy layers, and that their eggs are fine, m x ^m^i^k A BRITISH COLUMBIA HEN HOUSE Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 T*?&& PRIZE LEGHORN POULTRYTVANCOUVER ISLAND large, white ones. Every day throughout the winter he sends, on the average, fifty dozen eggs to market, and in the hatching season sells eggs for from two and a half dollars up, per setting. What he does not sell for hatching he hatches himself and markets the day-old chicks for from fifteen dollars a hundred up to a dollar a bird. He hatches most of his duck eggs. When the young ducks are three months old they weigh on an average of five pounds each. For these ducks he gets twenty-five cents a pound live weight, or one dollar and twenty-five cents a head for his three-months-old ducks. His returns from them, it will be seen, are quick and lucrative. For his young leghorn cockerels, which, at three months old, weigh up to three pounds, he received last year as high as forty cents a pound, dressed. Here, too, it will be noted, his profits come quickly and are large. He tells me that he cannot supply half the demand for his eggs, young ducks, and broilers. He raises nothing but pure-bred poultry, and among his flocks has many prize birds which he sells at high figures, being a keen show fancier as well as a breeder for the market. I could mention many other poultry- men who have made money, and quote Mr. Wilson, as I have already said, merely because I have special and intimate knowledge of just what he has accomplished. He uses open or cur- tained-front houses, single boarded, with a board floor, about fifteen inches off the ground. In the coast section of the Province it is not necessary to construct costly houses, because of the mildness of the climate. Any fruit grower can raise poultry on the ground with his fruit. The fowls are useful here because, as everyone knows, they destroy many insects. In my travels through the Okanagan Valley I found that, next to fruit, poultry was most talked of. In judging shows last year from Summerland, B. C, to Dallas, Ore., I did not find a man who, if he understood the business, was not making money at it. At the Coldstream Ranch I saw two hundred white leghorns and over two hundred wyandottes. Murray Brown has charge of the poultry plant and under his able management it pays well. The eggs bring from thirty-five to sixty-five cents a dozen. In use here are open front houses and trap nests, of the Danish type. This is a simple nest, which can be built at small cost. It is true that feed is high in British Columbia, but market prices for the poultry product is even higher in proportion, and for this reason the profits are large. In poultry lie opportunities for many persons. I know of no other business in British Columbia which offers such sure returns, and am constantly surprised that more farmers do not take up seriously this highly lucrative branch of agriculture. GEESE YIELD GOOD PROFITS IN B. C. 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 r v. Some "Opinions of Mary" on a Vital Theme By Alice Ashworth Townley "\ J MARY was giving me her latest views regarding matrimony yesterday. It's a theme she rather likes to dwell upon occasionally, and one that is always interesting to me, for Mary rarely repeats herself. An opinion held by her to-day is apt to be so changed by circumstances or feelings, or some incomprehensible rearrangement of her thoughts, that when she brings it out the day after to-morrow it is a perfect stranger to you and you have the novelty of meeting a new acquaintance. Not a week ago she admitted to me, after spending a day with young Mrs. Cooings, that after all she believed it was "rather nice to be married and have a pretty home and a darling little baby and some man to love you that thought you were just about perfect." She said that although people said and wrote such dreadful things nowadays, she felt sure there were plenty good and true men in the world—like Edward Cooings, for instance—though, of course, he was not quite to her taste, though he made Eva a good husband; and if somebody she loved awfully well asked her to marry him, she thought perhaps she would, and risk it. "You know it's an ignoble fate, after all, to be an old maid. People always think you never had a chance to get married, and even some care-worn woman with nine children and a drunken husband will say of you, with condescending pity, 'Ah, poor thing! she's an old maid.'" I agreed with her that the position of being an 'unappropriated blessing" certainly had its disadvantages. "Yes," went on the convert, "it's all very well while you are young and pretty, and get all the attention you wish; but by and by, no doubt, when you get tired of going here and there, and you see all the other girls married, it must give one a doleful sort of feeling, don't you think?" and an expression that augured well for the hopes of the ornament of one of the branches of a certain bank dawned in Mary's pensive eyes. And this was three days ago, remember. Yesterday she came to inform me that her opinions regarding the wedded state had undergone an entire change. She said that in her mind marriage was "nothing but slavery," and assured me that no possible consideration could ever induce her to enter its despicable bonds. Men were "mean, detestable tyrants," and so on. I won't go over it all. Mary gets rather carried away by her subject sometimes. Suffice it that I gathered that the hopes of the ornament of that certain bank might be doomed to disappointment should the views of her upon whom they were fixed not alter considerably. I felt sorry for the ornament; he's a youth I take an interest in. "And what may be the reason for this change of front, this tirade against miserable, monstrous, contempible man to which you are treating me?" inquired I, presently. "I stayed to dinner at Mrs. Smith's last night," responded my friend, with gloomy terseness. "Oh," said I, vaguely, not quite seeing the point of her reply, and then—a bit irritated by her continued silence—"they must have given you something uncommonly bad for dinner!" "Thank goodness, I don't care what I have to eat—and the meal was good enough—though Mr. Smith found all sorts of fault with things. He's a perfect crank, that man; dictatorial, domineering, grumpy. We are all very intimate, you know, so he didn't trouble to put on his best company manners for my benefit. When he came in he scolded because the house was too warm—said it was 'funny how all women liked to cook themselves.' When she opened a window, complained that the draught was 'enough to blow the hair off one's head.' Made an awful row because some paper he thought he had left in a certain place wasn't there—said she must have let the children tear it up'—and afterwards found it in another pocket. She brought his slippers and ran around at his call like a little dog, and he took it all as a matter of course. But it was at dinner that he really out-shone himself. The soup was cold and the joint overdone. 'Why did she always have potatoes cooked the one way?' and 'what kind of sauce was that on the cauliflower?' (The sauce was rather lumpy, but what about it?) It was 'strange she couldn't remember that he didn't like lemon flavoring in a pudding,' and 'if that was the best coffee the cook could make she ought to be given her walking ticket.' It sounded so small to hear a great man making such a fuss over his food!" I had to admit that Mr. Smith's conversational efforts, as reported by Mary, were not very edifying. "Perhaps the dinner was bad," I suggested. "I have some sympathy with a man at the mercy of a conscienceless cook." "Not a bit of it! Things were very fair; but men are such greedy animals— always think about what they'd like to eat or drink; and they are cross and selfish, and I don't want to have anything to do with them; and an old maid has a snap compared with the lot of the ordinary married woman." And not giving me time to bring forward anything in reply—which, having the happiness of the ornament at heart, I might have essayed—she was gone. Mary has a little way of doing that. If she. makes any rash statements which she sees you about to disprove, or suddenly finds herself on untenable ground, what does she do? Stay and let you show her where she is wrong? Not she! Off she is, like a flash. That's one trait I don't altogether like in Mary. Whether it is better to marry or remain single is a matter I have no desire to discuss. I don't say I have no views on the subject—but if I have they are not for publication. So many people eagerly air their various experiences, so much valuable advice is graciously given, such quantities of excellent argument pro and con, such exhaustive dissertations are brought to bear upon this ever-timely topic, that the world can well get on without further light on the subject. The more so as not one creature in a hundred avails himself of the riches of all this fund of wisdom and advice, but barren of all but his own inclination, makes his choice as it may seem good to him. It is more on the subject of dinner— dinner as an ever present danger in the household, the rock upon which countless numbers of matrimonial barques are wrecked, the trap-door of happiness, the bell that wakes one from one's dreams, the man at the door with a bill, the thief in the night, the snake in the grass, the big drum in domestic discord—that I have a few words to say. Mary was to a certain extent correct when she stigmatized man as a greedy creature, concerned about what he shall Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 191 eat—he may not be unduly concerned, but to the best of men dinner is a matter of vital importance. There is also something in what she said about women not caring what is set before them. It is generally conceded that the matter of dining is of much less moment to the gentler sex than it is to the lords of creation. "Familiarity breeds contempt," and it may be that constant association with things eatable in their crude and unfinished state, knowledge of the necessary preliminaries, a weary disgust for the never-ending round of preparation, robs one of that fine respect and admiration for a culinary success that is displayed by the man to whom it is introduced in its finished perfection. Does the humorist laugh over the effort of his own brain? It is the public to whom it is dished that thoroughly enjoy his bon-mot. He may know it is good and take a certain pride in his production, but where is the delicate flavor, the pungency, that charms those to whom it is served? He is so tired combining his materials—cutting, paring, weighing, spicing, boiling it down and beating it into shape, as it were, that he has no relish for it and would just as soon read anything else. Who would write jokes for his own delectation? Is it strange that a woman would just as soon sit down to bread and jam and a cup of tea as cook for herself—or even order an elaborate spread? But let her not fancy that such fare will fill her husband's soul with contentment. Be wise, wife of his bosom! He may love you devotedly, but Le careful what you feed him on. Think of our first parents. What made trouble in the Garden of Eden? Something Eve gave Adam to eat. And down through the ages the wrongdoing of the first woman has followed her daughters through countless generations, and today the latest man complains of his wife bitterly, as did the first, that she gives him to eat of the things that he shouldn't taste. If man selected his wife for the excellence of her domestic virtues and her certified ability to construct good cakes and pies, instead of choosing her for the shape of her nose or the fascinating dimple in her cheek, things might gradually improve for him, and dinner presently attain that dignity and prominence in the mind feminine that it is so well worthy of holding. The wise mother of to-day who has her daughter's happiness in mind, certainly tries to teach her a smattering of domestic economy, that she may be able to, in some degree, hold things together in a house of her own. At the same time that is not allowed to interfere with more important matters—it is only a side issue. The wise mother realizes that if her daughter doesn't take plenty of time to curl her hair, and learn to dance gracefully, and play golf and tennis, and generally make herself fascinating and agreeable, there is very little prospect of her ever having a home of her own to preside over, a husband to do justice to—except it might be some practical- minded widower with ten children who wants an inexpensive housekeeper. This being the case, what wonder so many lives are wrecked on the rock of woman's woe"—dinner? If woman would only appreciate the sacredness of her obligations in this matter, and realize that her husband's stomach will be hers to cherish long after his heart may have strayed from her keeping, the importance of it might be borne in upon her— "Oh! love for a year, a week, a day, But the dinner, the dinner comes every day." And all this wandering dissertation just because Mary found exception to Mr. Smith's remarks about what was set before him. It's ridiculous! As for Mary, she will have to go to cooking-school and learn to object to lumpy sauce, or she won't prove worthy the love of that bank attache. The Greatest Fishing Industry British Columbia has a Large and Constant Resource in the Fisheries WITH no less than fifteen thousand miles of coastland, British Columbia promises to have the greatest fishing industry in the world. Long stretches of this coast are particularly well adapted to the pursuit of fishing on a big scale for the reason that they consist of bays and inlets and mainland shores which are protected from the tempestuous winds and waves of the Pacific Ocean. Fisheries with an annual product valued at about sixteen million dollars have already been developed along the coast, but the present operations are decidedly limited in comparison with the promise of British Columbia fishing. A big step toward the systematizing and the expansion of the industry was made last season when the Mackenzie-Mann interests took over the leading company engaged in whaling. The new interests are making preparations to exploit on a much larger scale than heretofore the whale and some other branches (Natural Resources Series, No. 4) of the British Columbia fishing industry. Whaling will receive attention first from the new company, the plans include the development of shark and halibut fisheries as well as whaling. New whaling stations will be constructed and new vessels built or chartered. Ten whaling steamers will be operated by the company next year. The best experts will be in charge, and, in general, the fisheries will be conducted on a basis so much more comprehensive and scientific than has heretofore been the case, that the production will undoubtedly be largely increased. As an indication of what may be expected in the fisheries of the Province in the future, it can be stated that while there are numerous varieties of fish in British Columbia waters and great quantities of them, the salmon as yet represents eighty per cent, of the yearly output. This is chiefly due to the fact that the salmon has so far presented the easiest and most lucrative fishing oppor tunities because of its habit, in certafn seasons of the year, of swarming into the straits and mouths of the rivers in vast numbers, thus making the fish one of the easiest of all to capture. This factor in salmon fishing in combination with the great merit of this particular fish for canning, has caused salmon fishing to develop with notably rapid strides. For instance, when the business was established on the Fraser River in 1876 the pack amounted to only 9,800 cases; the next year it was 67,387 cases; ten years later it was 201,990 cases; in 1897 it was 1,015,744 cases. During the last five years the salmon catch has diminished, and although it will undoubtedly be large for many years to come, the provincial authorities have established a fisheries commission for the purpose of conserving the salmon resource, and the leaders in the industry are extending in other directions, in order that they may become less dependent upon the salmon. 191 OPPORTUNITIES Page 21 In British Columbia waters are five species of Pacific salmon. The one of most commercial importance is the sockeye, which weighs from three to ten pounds, and, with a bluish back, silvery sides, and a white belly, is considered the most beautiful of the family. In the head-waters where they go to spawn, the back and sides turn a deep carmen and the tails to an olive green. Sockeyes are found in myriads in the Fraser and other mainland rivers, but their abundance varies in different years, being greater every fourth season, with a poor run in the year immediately following. powerful swimmer, seeking the most rapidly moving streams and pushing up through rapids and leaping over falls to the extreme head waters. The salmon holding third place in importance is the cohd, or silver or fall salmon, which is found in all salmon streams of the Province, and is becoming a considerable factor in canning. It ranges in weight from three to eight pounds. The dog salmon has fourth place. It varies from ten to twelve pounds in weight and spawns close to the sea, ascending a short distance up almost all of the coast streams. The thus, with all of them receiving attention, the fishing season is becoming so lengthened that regular fishermen may expect in the near future to find ready employment throughout the year. The methods of handling and packing salmon have seen material improvement within the last few years, and are now expeditious and cleanly. After the fish have been taken in the nets they are practically untouched by hand until the can is opened by the housewife. From the boats the salmon are carried by what is known as the conveyor to a table in front of a machine known as the tir*ft& '«fc1 i**£ *£~ ..^A wi tFmms ■-*■:**#■ 1 DS< H3k» tf^i^is^S ""«■".■ :s*?>wi. '^BSiJfr ,'«^S?: Hry# •r&sai sBmfi. s«s^ W&gi &**T ■jftSrl- *•**£ a% a 39*?£ **$%f ^- Mf] mim t"S££&g0 P83 H fftr J&stffig. far* —8E in- ■ ■ BRINGING IN HALIBUT TO INDIAN VILLAGE. VANCOUVER ISLAND The cause of this has not been satisfactorily explained. The spring salmon ranks second in importance. It is known in Alaska as the king, and sometimes in British Columbia as the chinook salmon. For many years it was the principal species used for canning. It has an average weight of from eighteen to thirty pounds, although individual fish weighing as much as one hundred pounds have been captured. Its general appearance in salt water is much like that of the sockeye, but at spawning it becomes almost black, and is often spoken of at the spawning grounds as the black salmon. It is a dog salmon is never canned in the Province, and until the last five or six years was regarded as without value. Now, however, these fish are captured in great numbers by the Japanese, who dry-salt and export many thousands of tons annually to the Orient. The humpback salmon, the smallest of the species found in our waters, averages from three to six pounds. It has as yet but small commercial value, but is being used more than formerly as a result of the growing demand for all of British Columbia's salmon product.- . These five species of salmon have each a different time of year for its run and "iron chink," which derives this name from the fact that it does the work of numerous Chinamen. The chink has an intricate equipment of knives and cot- ters which slice off the bead, tail, fins. and scales, split the fish and remove the entrails. Another conveyor carries the fish to a cutter which divides it into pieces convenient for the cans. While this process is going on tbe fish is being continually sprayed with water, and is thus thoroughly clean *cd. The sections drop into a bin from which they are shovelled by Chinese workmen with wooden spades to the can fillers, who, at long tables, pack the pieces into Use tins. Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 As these are filled they are placed on big trays and wheeled to a machine which, with steel fingers, fits lids upon each can; another machine crimps the lids on tight; then the cans are carried on a belt through a bath of solder, in which their tops are immersed. Again the cans are placed on trays and sunk into tanks of water to be tested for leaks. If bubbles emerge Chinese note the fact and withdraw the leaky cans, which are afterwards sealed by hand. The next stage of process is that in which the salmon, in retorts, are thoroughly cooked by steam. Then the cans are finally sealed, the air vents being closed by drops of solder. The last scene of all is in a big room where the cans, arrayed in long rows, are cooling. From here they are packed in boxes and are shipped to the markets of the world. Thus it is that the sockeye, squirming on its way from the boat, is cleaned, packed, and cooked, before it has had time to realize what has happened to it. The human labor is chiefly supplied by Siwash men and women, and Chinamen. A cannery in operation has a sort of raw pictur- esqueness. The real pictorial phases of the industry are seen, however, when the salmon boats hoist sail and move out on the ebb tide. The halibut ranks next to the salmon in commercial importance in British Columbia waters. The fish has an average size of about sixty pounds. The halibut industry employs a large fleet of schooners and several steamers, the home ports of which are Vancouver, Seattle and Tacoma. A halibut boat on the Pacific Coast usually has a crew of five or six men. When it arrives at the fishing banks the schooner is hove-to, dories are launched, and buoy lines lowered. The system is one of trawling by means of many hooks. When all the hooks on a line have fish, the line is hauled into the dory, from which the fish are transferred to the schooner's deck, where the work of cleaning begins. After this the halibut are packed in the hold in alternate layers of ice and fish. Then the schooner crowds on sail for the home port, where the cargo is packed in boxes and"1 shipped in cold storage cars to the markets. The cold storage system and fast freight service have lifted the Pacific halibut to a prominent place in the eastern markets, where they are superseding the Atlantic halibut, the supply of which is rapidly diminishing. The halibut industry on Puget Sound and the British Columbia coast has made rapid headway. In 1899 the product was 6,877,640 pounds; in 1908 it was 17,512,- 555 pounds, which was over ten times the total of the Atlantic catch. Another fish which promises to be a big factor in the British Columbia industry is the herring, which is just beginning to attract the attention its possibili ties warrant. In 1904 the Dominion Fisheries Department engaged the services' of an expert herring curer from Scotland, and he, by means of a series of careful experiments, proved that the quality of the Canadian herring is of the best, and that there are no obstacles in the way of making herring catching and curing a remunerative branch in British Columbia fishing. Nanaimo is the centre of the herring fishing of the Province. Into the harbor, from the middle of November until March, herring come in such tremendous quantities that huge, masses of them are stranded upon the beaches. They are not considered to be quite as suitable for curing as are the Atlantic herring, because of a larger quantity of oil, but make excellent kipjjters. The herring fishery in British Columbia has shown within five years a gain of 40,000,000 pounds, the figures being 3,620,000 pounds in 1903, and 45,- 146,800 in 1908. Since 1908 the increase has been proportionately great. Other fish which offer commercial opportunities are the cod, sturgeon, the dog fish, which is a variety of small shark, the smelt, and last but of great interest and importance, the whale. A common sight in the Gulf of Georgia or off the west coast of Vancouver Island is a school of whales cavoorting. The Pacific Whaling Company, which, as has already been noted, has been taken over by the Mackenzie & Mann interests, has IRON CHINK" IN SALMON CANNERY 1911 OPPORTUNITIES operated with great success and has averaged a catch of about six hundred whales a season. Whaling is now carried on in British Columbia waters by means of fast steamers which throw into the whales harpoons projected from machine guns. The carcasses are towed to whaling stations and cut up by machinery. The blubber is minced for its oil. The residue of the blubber and the lean meat are converted into guano and glue; the body bones are crushed, ground and sold as fertilizer, while the whalebone from the jaws is trimmed .and shipped to Scotland. Japan is now using large quantities of whale meat for food. It is shipped in large quantities from this coast, as are pickled whales' tails, which are regarded by the Japanese as a great delicacy. The sulphur bottom whale is the most common in British Columbia waters. It attains a great size, its average weight being sixty tons. Its net value is over five hundred dollars. The right whale is rarer in these waters than the other species, and is a valuable prize, being worth ten thousand dollars. The utilization of the dog fish, or the small shark, which infests the waters off our coast, is growing. From the liver of the dog fish is extracted a very superior grade of lubricating and machine oil, while the bodies yield a large quantity THE HERRING FLEET AT NANAIMO, VANCOUVER ISLAND of oil which is useful for common purposes. After the extraction of the oil the body is converted into a good fertilizer. The value of the dog fish product in 1908 was only $59,000, but it is increasing yearly. While the sardine and anchovy are plentiful in British Columbia waters and are of excellent quality, there has been as yet no enterprise organized on an extensive scale for their commercial utilization. Bass and perch are numerous along the coast and are taken in considerable quantities for the local markets. Atlantic shad have been well established in the Pacific by means of plants of fry in the Columbia and Sacramento Rivers, and have worked north to the Puget Sound and the Gulf of Georgia. In the Fraser River shad were first noticed in 1888. Although they do not run as yet in sufficient quantities for separate fishing for them alone, they are taken with other fish and the catch is increasing steadily. Olympia oysters have received much attention on the Puget Sound and natural oyster beds exist at various points along the Straits and on the west coast of Vancouver Island. But little has as yet been done in oyster culture in British Columbia. It is believed that there are good opportunities in this business, since the growth of population is constantly in creasing the demand. Various species of clams are found along the coast, and there are clam canneries of small capacity. The business is growing and promises to become important. The place of the lobster is taken on this coast by large crabs, which are in demand for food in the local markets and have recently been made the basis of two crab canneries. The various mollusk products had a value in 1908 of about $36,000. While there are no official figures on the worth of the catches during the two years since then, it is well known that business in these products of the sea is developing, and will employ a larger and larger number of men. The waters of the Province abound in trout and other game fish. WHALING GUN AND HARPOON Page 24 o PPORTUNITIES 1911 The Five-Acre Farm and Its Limitations Some Problems Which Confront the1 Small Farmer in this Province By George Schumacher, Ph. D. FIVE-ACRE FARM, properly cultivated, is better than a one- hundred-and-sixty-acre uncultivated homestead, but the proposition of farming five acres needs to be scrutinized with great care. Let us see when a five-acre farm can be made profitable and yield a good living. Five acres put into garden truck and in a high state of cultivation, should give, under good circumstances, a gross return of $2,500 per annum, and even allowing a large percentage for expense, would, therefore, yield a fair income. But raising stuff for the market is not farming in the ordinary sense of the word. Such market gardening can be carried out under certain conditions only, and it requires a comparatively large amount of capital and experience. Market gardening is a trade in itself. Some even call it an art. We cannot expect that the untrained settler wilKmake a successful market gardener. We might almost as well expect a bricklayer to work a type-setting machine, or teachers or officers to become stone masons or carpenters. This has happened sometimes, and it is possible for a bricklayer to become a good market gardener, but the exception proves the rule. The market gardener has to go through a regular apprenticeship. So far, most of the successful market gardeners in the Fraser Valley are Chinese. It will be found on investigation that these Chinese market gardeners are thoroughly experienced in the business. The Chinese market gardener is very particular about the location of his garden. He settles only in the neighborhood of towns, not alone to enable him to bring his goods to market at a minimum expense, but mainly for the reason that unless he lives near towns he cannot cultivate his ground at all. Some people, without experience, are astonished at the results obtained by the Chinese, and think that the white man can never do the same. Well, if the white man is not able to get the same or even more out of the garden than the Chinaman, he had better not start at all on a five-acre farm. Two crops a year, on an average, as the Ch'naman gets, are not enough for the white man's profit. He should be able to gee three or even four crops a year from the same ground. The market gardener in F.ng- (Agricultural Series, No. 3) land can show him how to do it, and even better results can be seen in Holland and France. The Old Country market gardener knows how to handle two things which are indispensable to make market gardening profitable enough to be worth the labor of the white man, namely, manure and glass. The Chinaman cultivates his ground with manure only, and one must admit that he understands how to handle it well. There does not exist in this world any "inexhaustible soil." The richest land will become impoverished when cultivated intensively for market gardening. Manure in large quantities is absolutely indispensible, and unless one uses it very freely, successful market gardening is impossible. For this reason the business can be carried on only in the neighborhood of towns where possibilities exist to get plenty of manure, and especially horse manure. This is one of the chief reasons why the Chinese raise their vegetables in the neighborhood of the towns. Watch them pass along Main Street from morning to evening. Count the loads of manure they put in the soil and learn how they make the soil in South Vancouver and Lulu Island fertile. Manure has several funcdons to fulfil in the cultivation of the ground. First, it returns to the ground nitrogen, phosphates and potassium, the three main plant foods which the crops have absorbed. Second, it brings humus to the soil, that is, organic substances of no direct benefit but absolutely necessary for the working of the fermentation process and the development of the soil bacteria. Third, it produces heat. The Old Country market gardener uses glass for producing and retaining heat, in addition to manure. Glass can be used in form of a cold house, a hot house, frames, etc. The Chinaman uses such large quantities of manure that the fermentation produces heat enough to facilitate the germinating of the seed and the rapid development of the young plant. This is very important. Because of this the plants are robust and withstand the attacks of insects. In other words, he is ahead of the insects. The Chinamen understand, also, how to cultivate two crops at one time, in such a way that the cultivation of one benefits the other. In this way he succeeds, for instance, in raising on the same ground potatoes and cabbage simultaneously. The quantity of manure the market garden requires, as I have already said, is very large, namely, twenty to fifty loads an acre, and in some cases one hundred and fifty loads an acre. Rotten manure is best to rid the ground of weeds. But we must not overlook the fact that one ton of fresh manure has more fertilizing power than two tons of rotten manure. In the neighborhood of towns where a quantity of manure can be had for the asking, a market garden of five acres is highly profitable, but it requires more than putting seeds in and •gathering crops to make a profit. Getting a large amount of manure, its proper preparation, handling, application, at the right time, are details which require experience. The Chinaman adds to the manure brought from town in nearly all cases, the manure from pigs. He understands very well how to handle his pig-sty. Some people say that the pig-sty of a Chinaman is cleaner than his house. In any case, he manages to keep a large number of pigs at very small cost. He brings from the restaurants, as everybody knows, the refuse, and in this way finds practically all the feed his pigs need. He does not want to make a profit from his pigs. This is a side issue. He is looking for the manure. I have noticed that Chinamen keep, sometimes, twenty-five pigs per acre. The white man has to do exactly the same or similar things if he expects to raise vegetables for profit, and to make the profit he desires, he has to use glass, in addition. It is impossible to keep cattle on a five-acre farm, if one wants to raise feed for the cattle, and at the same time to raise vegetables. To keep several cattle for producing the manure, means that it will be necessary, on a small farm, to buy all the feed. This is feasible under certain circumstances in the neighborhood of Vancouver, for instance, where market gardening can be combined with dairying. Even if all the feed is bought, it should be profitable in this vicinity. The cows, being entirely stable-fed, and properly looked after, will yield more milk than the pasture-fed cows. Marketing vegetables can be combined with the marketing of the milk. Even if the cost 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 25 of feeding and keeping cows balances only with the sale of milk, such a proceeding is advisable, because the manure will cost nothing. The same proposition fifty miles out of Vancouver would be most likely unprofitable. Another advantage of the combined dairying and market gardening near large communities lies in the fact that the farmer is thus enabled to retain his help throughout the year. Apart from the regular help, at least three men must be employed to keep the cow-shed and market garden in first- class shape. To keep not less than required for the dairying department; working sheds, glass houses and frames are needed for the garden; a stable for the horse is required, and, of course, the necessary cows and horse. Fruit farming can be carried on farther away from town, but we must not forget that only small fruits bring an immediate return. Trees require a few years before any return at all can be expected. Small fruits require a lot of labor when labor is scarce, and the cultivation of bush fruits does not allow of the employment of permanent help. They require careful handling; the mar- it in, but this will not bring him any direct returns. The whole trouble with five-acre farms can be expressed in a few words. "Intensive farming of any kind requires manure, and a five-acre farm depends for its supply on outside resources." Now let us see what the average family of five needs for its own use: Room required for buildings, (living, house and flower patch, barn, packing-shed, tool house, cow stable, manure shed, poultry house, etc Y\ acre I M»i uSfs ^ES Wsm a^S^v! §111111 IJjjl 8mm m J4fMi-$i%\ ^»(BS^gBfesgBiig^^^E m ■&M>XPZZ><W$! m ■^^^V-^CSivJ-'f^^ v».»"; ■ pspsppjg *'%&$!&& m& &"*!*§£. ^Kfe Sft. TRUCK GARDENING, EAST WELLINGTON DISTRICT, VANCOUVER ISLAND twelve cows would be advisable, because otherwise the garden could not be supplied with sufficient manure. The man who is to look after the cows can look after twelve as well as five. The employment of only two men would put too much work upon the shoulders of the owner. I believe that a large number of five-acre market gardens, combined with dairying, could be carried on profitably in the neighborhood of Vancouver. It can be seen that a five-acre vegetable and dairy farm requires quite a bit of capital. A living house, cow-shed, manure shed, and milk chamber is ket may be hundreds of miles away, and is frequently controlled by unscrupulous commission merchants. I am astonished to find, even in official organs, the growing of vegetables recommended between trees as a source of profit. Light vegetables might be all right, but no roots, especially potatoes, should be recommended for planting between fruit trees. Since these vegetables impoverish the ground the manure question again comes up. Where shall the owner of a five-acre fruit farm get his manure? His only way to enrich his ground is to plant clover and plow Roads on farm y§ acre Crop of potatoes, 1,800 lbs., per annum % acre Vegetables for the whole year, fresh or preserved J^ acre (It is taken for granted that this farmer grows peas, beans, asparagus, cabbage, carrots, onions, cucumbers, etc.) Tree fruits and bush fruits for his own use, fresh and preserved. l/2 acre Feed for two cows (the growing of roots, kale, etc., oats and corn makes it possible to reduce the Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 VIRGIN FARMLANDS, QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLAND buying of feed to a minimum, and the growing of the feed required can be accomplished on a comparatively small plot) 1 acre Keeping two cows will supply the milk, butter and cheese required for the family. The skimmed milk left could be used for the pigs. Feed necessary for six hogs.... % acre (In addition to skimmed milk it would be advisable to grow mainly potatoes and oats. Keeping six hogs means practically keeping the family in meat. Part of this will be kept, and part sold and exchanged for other meats. Raising feed for poultry l/s acre To keep a family of five supplied with eggs, regular dishes of chicken, and other poultry would require about 30 laying hens, which means the keeping of about 100 hens. In addition to this, say twenty-four ducks and six geese should be kept. The waste from table and garden is to be used for feed to make the poultry profitable. In addition, corn, oats, clover and carrots should be used, and in this way it is possible to raise all the feed required on half an acre. We see, therefore, that three and a half acres are taken up with part of the requirements of the family, but a good many further provisions have to be bought. These include flour, sugar, coffee, tea and similar things, and clothing. The farmer has further to provide for interest on his capital, repairs to buildings, taxes, etc., and has to buy some feed for his cows, seeds, tools, etc. He cannot keep himself and grow feed for them. But he needs a horse for cultivating the ground and for marketing his produce. Of course, as a pleasure farm for a city man who has business in town, a five-acre farm is very desirable. So it is for the artisan who finds regular work in the neighborhood of his farm. Let us use the wild lands around the cities, very often subdivided into city lots prematurely, for 'market gardening, but let us use our influence to prevent the subdivision of sections at a distance from large communities into five-acre farms, if we want to have prosperous and satisfied farmers. Resources of Queen Charlotte Island HE Queen Charlotte Islands may justly be called "The Real Last West." Pen cannot do justice or describe the varied resources of these islands. Where, a short time ago, only the cry of the sea-gull and the croak of the raven broke the stillness of the wilderness, to-day the roar of the saw mill, the shriek of the donkey engine and the ring of the woodman's axe are heard falling and dragging the giants of the forest to the mills. From the waters of the briny deep fish are being taken, from the little herring to the gigantic whale. Two plants capitalized at a million dollars are already in operation, and several smaller ones are under construction and being arranged for, all to be completed before the end of 1911. The clang of the locomotive's bell will be heard from the head of Massett Inlet to the Skidegate Inlet, Queen Charlotte City, a distance of about thirty miles, and in a short time a dozen diamond drills will be at work proving the coal lands from Massett to Queen Charlotte. ftj. By D. L. Young Coal was first discovered in 1859 by Major William Downie at what is known as the old Cowgitz mines at Skidegate Inlet, and in 1866 eight hundred tons of anthracite coal were shipped to San *H%&'1 Francisco and six hundred tons to Victoria. In • 1868 over four hundred tons were marketed in Victoria and California at a figure ranging from seventeen to twenty dollars per ton. The next and VIEW OF OLD ORIGINAL TOWNSITE, QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 27 most important discovery was in the year 1885 by W. A. Robertson of ^Victoria. This discovery was in the interior of Graham Island and is known as the old Wilson & Robertson Camp, and has since that date been proved to be among the best bituminous coking .coal yet discovered in th* Province. Here extensive development work was done under the supervision of H. E. Parrish in 1886. Several shafts were sunk on this coal and cross sections made, Mr. Parrish showing the seams to average from six to fourteen feet of beautiful coal. Owing, however, to the remoteness of this section and the extensive transportation facilities necessary, work was abandoned until the announcement of the building of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railroad across the continent to the very doors of these mines. This sea- .son will see these coal lands fully developed and proved by diamond drills. No less than six companies have been formed to develop these coal lands, and charters have been granted the Island Valley Railroad from Queen Charlotte City into the coal fields, and thence to the head of Massett Inlet. In addition to these crown-granted coal lands there have been several thousands of acres taken up at various points on the islands, and, according to the advice of experts, are equally as good as the older fields. With the completion of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railroad the islands will have a market for every ton of coal that they can produce. The same conditions prevail in regard to the islands' other resources. It was not until 1887 that our metalliferous mines made their start. What are known as the Ikeda Mines were discovered by some Japanese fishermen, and during the first twenty-two months of operation 5,915 tons of high grade ore were shipped from these mines to the Ladysmith smelter, bringing a gross value of $63,664.50. This, of course, was picked ore, leaving on hand a large quantity of low grade ore, and owing to the slump in the copper market the owners found that it would not pay to ship this class of ore. The mines were therefore shut down temporarily. Meanwhile they were taken over by a strong syndicate of Vancouver capitalists, and $35,000 were spent in further development of the property by diamond drills, proving it to be one of the best mines in the north. This is only one among at least fifty other mining properties that are making equally as good showings for the development work done on the islands. The timber resources of the islands speak for themselves, and are among the best in the Province, especially the yellow and red cedar. There are also large quantities of spruce and hemlock. There are at least six hundred thousand acres of this class of timber upon which the Government is receiving a royalty. The Moresby Island Lumber Company has been supplying at least seventy-five per cent, of the ties for the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railroad, and has already shipped large quantities of this class of lumber to the Old Country to be used for the decks of ships and oars for the admiralty. The best evidence of the value of farm lands of the Queen Charlotte Islands can be taken from Mr. Noel Humphreys' report to the Government two years ago, which is still available in pamphlet form. In fact it is as follows: "There is a luxuriant growth of fern, bracken, pea-vine, and wild grass around our camp at Lawn Hill, and the wild rose trees there attain a height of twenty feet, with correspondingly large blossoms. We had excellent lettuce, radish and so forth from Mr. Bray, the first settler at Lawn The high ranges of rocky hills on the west coast are very heavy; the clouds seem to blow over the flat part of the island on the east coast, precipitating again when the high mountains of the mainland are encountered. Considering then the mild climate, the large areas of the country suitable for agricultural purposes, the comparatively short distance of ninety miles from Prince Rupert, which is bound in the near future to be a splendid market, and the lack of any large areas in the immediate vicinity of Rupert suitable for farming purposes, there will undoubtedly, in the near future, be great development of this part of the Province, and I feel assured a very prosperous farming community will soon be established here. The fishing enterprises of the island have been going ahead very rapidly within the past year. The Standard Fish & Fertilizing Company have installed a VIEW OF PLANT OF THE STANDARD FISH AND FERTILIZER CO., LTD. Hill all the time we were there. The lettuce was grown on land which had been cleared that season. All kinds of grasses and clover do wonderfully well, and grow very quickly. I feel assured that as heavy a crop of oats or hay may be raised on this land as on the Delta of the Fraser, with better average harvesting weather, and no tides to contend with. Further north the rainfall becomes appreciably less till at Masset, from many years' observation taken by Mr. Harrison at his ranch, the annual rainfall is but 4 inches. The waters of Hecate Strait appear to be a great deal warmer than the sea water about Vancouver and the Gulf of Georgia, probably owing to the presence of the Japan Current, which is supposed to flow around the Queen Charlotte Islands. This also accounts for the mildness of the winters. plant and are in operation at a cost of one million dollars, while the whaling station at Rose Harbor has been completed and has changed hands within the last year for a million dollars, having been sold to Mackenzie & Mann. The Queen Charlotte Cold Storage & Black Cod Fishing Company have their plant about completed at Queen Charlotte. This plant will handle not less than three hundred tons of fish a month, while at the present time the "Henriette" has been chartered by Mackenzie & Mann to ;arry material from Victoria to Reynolds Sound, where the company is constructing a second gigantic whaling station. In addition to these there are several other companies being organized to go into the fishing business around Queen Charlotte Islands during the coming season. Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 r V* THE FRAME-UP Third Story of the Adventures of McAndrews By J. H. W. N the McAndrews' apartments one night the head of the household of two sat in a lounging chair in front of an open fire, smoking his pipe and planning for the future. Young Mrs. McAndrews, with the shaded illumination of the drop-light spreading a soft glow over her pretty face, was following with eager eyes the heart adventures of the heroine in a romantic novel. This quiet little domestic scene was given an added effect of cheer and cosiness by the vicious pounding of snow and sleet against the windows, and savage gusts of wind rising intermittently in moaning rages. Shuddering slightly, Mrs. McAndrews laid down her book and went to the window, where she drew aside an edge of the curtain, and peered out into the driving darkness. "It's an awful night, Jimmy. I'm thankful that you got back from that Vancouver Island trip before this storm came on." McAndrews smiled reminiscently. "So am I, but I'd go through a good many nights in the woods for what's come of hitting that blazed trail over on the Island. I've just been thinking, little girl, that I've had a bunch of luck. In the first place, here's you." He caught her hand and there were words and deeds which need not be recorded, except to the extent of saying that she repeatedly admonished him laughingly not to be "so silly." "In the second place," he resumed at last, "it was more luck than anything else that I was able to beat Holland to it in recording those timber claims. In the third place, it was sure the goddess of fortune in her most obliging mood who put you and me in touch with our friend Fraser, with his barrels of money and his odd desire to have me look after his British Columbia investments. I tell you what, Helen, that was a piece of luck as big as a mountain, and I think it's set us up for life." "Jimmy," exclaimed Mrs. McAndrews, in a positive tone, "this talk of yours about luck is nonsense. You would never have reached the timber claims at all if you hadn't had a lot of sand, and Mr. Fraser wouldn't have taken to you as he did if you—oh, well, I'm not going to pay you compliments. I believe you're fishing for them." "And am catching a severe call down," laughed McAndrews. "Well, we won't begin to throw things at each other. We'll just agree that unless we're foolish we ought to have pretty smooth sailing for our little ship." "Without you having to be gone days and nights on trips into wild placejs where nobody ever goes?" enquired Mrs. McAndrews, hopefully. McAndrews laughed again. "Don't let the trips worry you, little girl. There won't be many of them, and, believe me, the husband of Mrs. James McAndrews won't take any unnecessary risks. Besides, no harm would come to a little cuss like me." McAndrews rose from the lounging chair and stretched his muscles and looked down smilingly at Mrs. McAndrews from his six feet of lithe and well-trained strength. Then, leaning against the mantel above the fire-place, he gazed into the leaping flames and said thoughtfully: "Yes, I really believe, Helen, that our fortune's made. Of course, there will be a lot of hard and careful work, but if I handle this financial backing all right, I think that our path in the future will be easy." The glow of the fire in McAndrews' face brought out strong, clear-cut lines— fighting lines, which suggested that this young man was destined not for the paths of ease, but for the battle grounds of life. He would make enemies. The truth was, he had already made them. His success on Vancouver Island had its seamy side, and it might have been observed on this same evening in a Vancouver saloon, where, at a small table in a corner, two men with whisky glasses in front of them, sat talking. One was Holland, undersized, sharp- eyed, a weasel-like man, who conveyed the impression of cunning and disagreeable aggressiveness, suggesting that he was an active worker in the underground passages of business. The other was McCreedy, more roughly clad, big, rocklike, cold-eyed, a man who probably would have been in the picture in the stone age. "The boss," Holland was saying, chewing his cigar, "is damned sore about the way we let McAndrews put it over us in regard to them Vancouver Island timber limits. We've got to square ourselves, and the nifty way to do it is to put McAndrews on the bum. This would make a big hit with the old man. He was fixin' things to get Fraser, the plutocrat with the big roll, interested in the Tidewater Timber Company and some private operations of his own, when young McAndrews come back to town and queered the deal by shootin' off his mouth about the President of the Tidewater Timber Company bein' behind me and you in tryin' to grab Weldon's timber over on Vancouver Island. You can see that the boss ain't what you'd call infatuated with McAndrews. The fact is, Mac, I've got a little private tip that our expense account wouldn't be mulled over very close if we should spend a piece o' change in handin' the young gazabo one that would kind o' keep him quiet fur a while. This, as I've been sayin', would set us up again with the boss, and I guess it wouldn't cause you no tears, Mac, after them wallops McAndrews landed on you when we was scrappin' about the raft over at McKiver Lake. I never seen a man go down as quick as you did." Holland was watching McCreedy very closely, and he half smiled as the latter leaned across the table and said heavily: "Cut that out. The young cuss caught me foul.' He jumped me so quick I didn't have time to bat an eyelash. The next time I run across him—I'm lookin' for him every day—I expect to make such a smear of him that the new wife of his I've heard about won't never know her bridegroom." Holland laughed, puffing upon his cigar with zest. "You're all right, Mac. The only trouble is that your method is a little coarse. You ain't got the artistic temperament. The strong arm way is the real dope in its place, but this ain't the place. What we want here is a little head-work, a little plan that leaves our young friend all trussed up without us gettin' out o' breath at all. It's like this: If you try to clear a stump with an axe it makes your back stiff and your hands sore, but if you slip a stick o' dynamite under it and perform the light work o' puttin' a match to the fuse, the stump goes up in the air, with you just standin by easy and enjoyin' the view. D'ye get the idea?" McCreedy gazed into the sharp eyes of Holland and asked abruptly: "Well, what's the scheme?" OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 Holland projected another cloud of cigar smoke into the air, and gave it studious attention as it curled slowly upward. "I ain't sayin* yet, but I'm thinkinV' He paused again, and after a moment of silence, asked suddenly: "Wasn't you tellin' me the other day that your friend Wilson has a pretty good timber limit up around Prince Rupert somewheres ?" "That's right," assented McCreedy. "I s'ppse he'd be willin' to sell at a fair figger?" "Yes, he would. He needs the money." "Well, you see him in the mornin' an' find out what he wants fur it. Don't ask me no more questions now, Mac. I've got a superstition that it queers a frame- up to talk much about it before it's pretty well cinched and riveted. I'm just gettin' this business lined up. See Wilson the first thing to-morrow, and meet me here at one in the afternoon. Before then I've got some work to do myself." "All right," said McCreedy, "but if I should run acrosst that before I see you, there won't be nothin' fur you to do." At the bar the two gulped down final drinks, and, parting at the door, went their separate ways into the stormy night. Holland was busy in the morning. He scouted about among certain hotels and rooming houses given to the entertainment of timber cruisers and lumberjacks when they were sojourning in the city. At last he found his man, a tall, lank individual with a hatchet face and a glint of recklessness in his eyes. "Well, well, we've missed you, Sam," exclaimed Holland, genially, as he seated himself in a battered rocking chair in his friend's room. "Is things all quiet now? Good, because I've got a little job that will bring you a hundred bones, and found. It's the softest snap y'ever struck." •Sanford, from the bed, glanced keenly at Holland and grinned. "A regular tapioca, eh? I know 'em of old, Bill, and before we begin to talk turkey I guess you'd better raise the ante to about three hundred. You're an awful conservative little feller when it comes to scatterin' hasheesh, and now that I'm an independent scout, I'll have to ask you to hook 'er up some before giving you valuable time during office hours." "As much of a breeze as ever, ain't you, Sam?" remarked Holland, sarcastically. "But there don't have to be no quibble about the change. We'll call it one-fifty fur the trick, and now listen." "Well," said Sanford, "since my old pal Rockefeller hain't wired me yet about takin' hold of the disbursement of fifteen or twenty millions for his charities, I'll listen for one-fifty, Bill. What's on your chest?" "Why, Sam, it's about a fine, promisin' young chap that needs a guide and friend with engagin' manners and morals like yours to take him up the coast and show him a bit o' timber. It will be a gentleman's trip, Sam, dinin' under the bright lights with a napkin tucked under your chin, retirin' to your stateroom instead o' hittin' the hay, and exchanging pleas- plutocrat. Get that? He's a reg'lar little brighteyes now fur good timber fur holdin', and havin' a particular interest in his promisin' career, we want to hand it to him. He'll fall fur this timber proposition, sure. Fix it to start with him fur Prince Rupert on the boat next week. I'll flag you there, and tell you what to do. It'll be so soft that I'll hate ;\ ^ L=i to. > c jmk 0\ mk mm u* "TS & J*t m ■//'ill,. -*n>V: 3 TcssSH =* =1 ^^ -W.///A w rv-t. *~\~ > SSfflffll W t^~ m ^Q*^ y J— -/_ 7 w/„ -=5*Wv n <£ -i^S^Ssg^ ~/Y.S. S?CK THEY TALKED ABOUT THE FUTURE antries with your young charge. It will be a Sunday school picnic for you, Sam, with plenty o' cake and scenery, and an easy getaway. How does it sound so far?" "Like a plum puddin' from the old folks at home—so far," replied Sam. "What's the rest?" "It's all rest—just a little outin' fur your health. You're there with the talk when it comes to boostin' a piece o' timber, ain't you, Sam?" "I sure am. I'm a regular Patrick Henry Gladstone." "Well, I'll give you the dope this afternoon. Then, your first stunt will be to call at a snug little office that has just been opened in the Tower Building. On the door you'll see the sign in nice gilt letters, 'James McAndrews, Timber and General Investments.' You're to tell my friend Jimmy all about the fine timber limits that's fur sale cheap, not men- tionin' my name, however. Jimmy'll be interested. He's just been staked by a to give you the money, but just to show you that I'm an easy mark, I'll slip you fifty in advance just as soon as you've rounded up McAndrews fur the trip. See him to-day." "It goes with me," said Sanford. "I'll breeze in on him right after you've given me the layout about the timber, but what's the frame-up?" "Leave that to your Uncle Bill," responded Holland with a grin. "I'm settin' behind my hand till we get up to Rupert. You'll play it up there, and you can't lose." Holland saw McCreedy at one o'clock, and afterward kept his appointment with Sanford in his room. He supplied the latter with the essential facts about the timber limits. Armed with this ammunition, Sanford went to McAndrews' office. He talked convincingly about his proposition, spreading out upon the new roll- top desk a well executed map of the timber claims. McAndrews was much Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 interested. He gave Sanford a cigar and the two talked and smoked for an hour, at the end of which time it had been arranged that they take the steamer for Prince Rupert the next week, and from there go by launch down Granville Channel about seventy miles to Pitt Island, where, with Sanford acting as compass man, McAndrews would cruise the timber. The young man was elated. He had not expected to find so soon a buy that looked as good as this. When Sanford reported the result of the interview to Holland, the latter was no less elated. He took passage for Prince Rupert the next day, and in the northern city engaged a good launch for the trip to Pitt Island. Then he retired from view, killing time waiting for the next steamer by reading cheap magazine stories in his room in a quiet lodging house. When the Vancouver boat at last arrived he was out of sight, but from a vantage point at a distance he observed with much satisfaction that McAndrews and Sanford were among the passengers. He had left a note for Sanford at the principal hotel, and shortly after supper received him in the privacy of his room. His first move was to pour out a glass of whisky for his guest, and to point to a box of cigars. Then he drew from his pocket a fat roll of bills. "It's right here, Sam," he remarked, patting his roll affectionately, "and you get it just as soon as you get back to this burg and show me that you've come alone." Sanford paused in the act of raising his liquor to his lips. "O-ho! I begin to savvy your little plan, Bill. Pitt Island is entirely surrounded by water, ain't it? There is no human habitation on it, is there? Why, hang it, even if he didn't starve to death before gettin' a raft built, it wouldn't do him no good to paddle across the ten miles o' briny to the mainland, because even there at this time o' year he'd be about seventy miles from a ham sandwich. As for staying on the island, wow! Why, old Robinson Crusoe's little island was a happy watering place compared to what he'd be up against in this winter season. I ain't heard that Pitt Island, a ways back among the mountains from the shore, has ever been trod by man, and you figger on McAndrews puttin' in the winter in that there neighborhood. I must say, Bill, that you're goin' some." "You're havin' a pipe dream," said Holland, sharply, with eyes narrowing cunningly. "I didn't say a thing about leavin' McAndrews on Pitt Island, except in a good camp while he does his cruisin'. But if you feel timid about this trip, now that you've become a church member, we'll just forget the deal. I can use the one-fifty all right, and there'll be a nice commission on the timber sale. One o' the boys around here who know about this timber will be glad to take him down to it." Sanford yawned and picked up his glass of whisky. "Well, Bill, here's to happy days." "Drink hearty," said Holland, eyeing closely the sardonic countenance of his guest. Sanford took a cigar from the box and lighted it with care. "Now, Bill," he said suddenly, "what's your real figger for this job? I'd hate to have to double cross a fine old boy like you and give the plant away." "I know you would, Sam," responded Holland, with a sneer in his tone. "It would grieve you some, and because I wouldn't want to see you suffer that way we'll let her go at two hundred flat, and that's the last call in the dinin' car. Being wise to your cute ways, Sam, I knew you'd raise the ante up here, but I won't stand for another hist. Take it or leave it, and watch me cover, either way." "Hang it all," said Sanford, stretching out lazily in his chair and gazing at the ceiling, "I kind o' like the young feller. I'm a sentimental cuss, Bill, but I guess I'll have to sacrifice my feelin's, because I need the money. I s'pose we leave him a little grub-stake down on the island, don't we?" "Not on your tintype," answered Holland, sharply. "We ain't supportin' him down there. He'll have to make his own livin'." "It's a hard world," remarked Sanford, still gazing at the ceiling, "but a man's got to keep the wolf away from the cabin door, so I guess I'll have to play along with you, Bill, giving my word, as one gentleman to another, that it would be very bad for your health if you should try to shrink from coming through when I've turned the trick." With a taciturn half-breed Indian at the helm, the launch which Holland had hired for Sanford glided out in the early morning from the harbor of Prince Rupert and went heaving through the gentle swells toward the south. McAndrews, with his hands thrust deep in the pockets of a heavy ulster, stood on the narrow deck up forward, breathing deeply of the fresh salt air, and studying with much interest the contour of the precipitious and densely wooded shores. Snow-clad heights, remote and lonely, loomed up against the clear sky in frigid dignity. "It's a cold looking country in the winter," remarked McAndrews, as Sanford, coming carefully around the deckhouse, joined him by the rail. "It makes a fellow appreciate all the more the comforts of a snug Vancouver home." "It sure does," answered Sanford, earnestly. "We ought to be on our way back to Vancouver day after to-morrow," con tinued McAndrews. "It's important for me to be in town at the end of the week to meet my principal, who's coming up from Seattle to see me. Besides," he said, smilingly, "my wife's one of the greatest little cooks you ever saw, and it breaks her all up if I'm not around for Sunday dinner. She's sort of lonely when I'm away." "I shouldn't be surprised if she'd have to get used to it," remarked Sanford. The launch tripped cleanly through the waves, and along in the afternoon, after the sun had disappeared behind the hills and the water had turned grey and sombre, she began to edge over towards the desolate western shore. At last the Indian stopped the engine, and threw over the anchor near a little creek which was apparently the only entrance to Pitt Island, for the mountains rose from the shore almost sheer. McAndrews consulted his cruiser's map, and on it Sanford pointed out the timber claims, about half a mile up the creek. "There's an hour of light yet," he remarked. "We might go ashore and take a look at the lay o' the land. McAndrews assented, and in a few moments he jumped from the row boat to a little strip of sand and gravel beside the creek. Sanford, who had done the rowing, made a move to follow him, but suddenly resumed his seat, exclaiming: "Hang me, if I ain't the most absent- minded cuss outside of a home fur idiots. I've forgot the compass, and I never go into the woods without one. Wait here about five minutes, will you?" He began to row again, while McAndrews turned his attention to the small timber clinging to the slope at the edge of the woods, which rose steeply a few rods back from where he stood. He gave no heed to the launch until he heard a sound from the deck. He turned quickly and saw Sanford lifting the anchor. The bow of the launch swung slowly in the tide. Suddenly the propeller began to churn, and the engine to pound, and the craft to glide away, with the row boat trailing. "Hello there," shouted McAndrews, in astonishment. "Where are you going? Hello there! Hello there!" Sanford waved his hand. "Hated to do it, old scout, but I had to have the money. Happy d-a-y-s." The pounding of the motor grew soft in the lengthening distance, but each throb seemed to McAndrews like a blow upon his brain. For several moments he stood motionless, watching the diminishing launch fleeing away from him like a craven thing. Far out upon the water the craft became a speck, and there was no sound except the lapping of small waves against the rocks and the murmuring of the wind-worried branches in the dismal woods behind. The world of 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 3 men seemed to McAndrews to be a long way off. He had no delusions about his situation. He knew that this island, with a width of some thirty miles, was an upheaval of wooded mountains, uninhabited except by creatures of the forest. He knew that the mainland, which loomed up dimly across the expanse of water, had but little more to offer him, because it, too, was an untracked wilderness, with Prince Rupert the nearest settlement, lying beyond the woods and mountains, seventy miles in the north. He had no food. A feeling of panic surged up within him. He could fight men, but not this vast nature, which stood around him patient but relentless. He paced to and fro along the strip of sand. His arm happened to strike the handle of his small axe hanging loosely on his back, and a half smile lightened his features for the moment. Right here at his elbow he had a friend. He pulled the axe around and gazed down at it affectionately. But a look of alarm came into his face again. He clapped his hands to his pockets, and began to fumble in them with fevered haste. His fingers touched a pasteboard box, and he drew it forth. He had some matches, after all. He placed them carefully in an inside pocket, and walked up the slope toward the woods, now immersed in the deep gloom of a cloudy night. He collected, after considerable searching, a big armful of half-decayed wood, and cut some pine branches. He placed this fuel in a heap in a small, level place near the edge of the forest, and began to build a fire. The wood was damp, but at last he achieved a little flame, which, with great care, he nursed and fed with twigs until it became robust. He placed the wood near it to dry, and piled on fuel until it was crackling and roaring and projecting fantastic shadows against trees which stood out from the blackness like spectre sentinels of the forest. Drawing his ulster tight about him, and making a pillow of some branches, he laid down by the fire to sleep. He was awakened by the cold. For an instant he thought the strange surroundings a part of an evil dream, but remembrance came swiftly, and he rose wearily to feed the fire. Several times he slept and was aroused by the chill. The howl of a wolf came out of the black depths behind him, and was answered by a howl on the other side. Once in the darkness he saw a pair of yellow eyes, which disappeared when he caused the fire to blaze up with fresh fuel. The forest was still in the pall of night, but the waters out in front were turning grey when he rubbed his eyes and rose to his feet to face the day. He thought first of water, and made his way around and over boulders up the creek to drink where the stream would not be affected by the salty tide. In a little while he lay flat and quenched his thirst, and then he thought of food With hunger-sharpened eyes he gazed up the sides of the steep ravine into the shadows of the forest. It offered nothing and suggested nothing. He had no gun. He was without defense against the wilderness. He pushed on and on. He saw fish frisking in the stream and envied them. He stood motionless in the creek with his hands ready beneath the surface, but the creatures of the water conquered their curiosity, if they had any, and kept at a distance. A deer sprang from hte underbrush ahead of him and went crashing away. As he watched it go there came to him a flashing realization of the struggle against starvation in the long ago that had compelled savages to devise spears and arrows. He came to a place where timber, reaching far back, rimmed a little lake majestically. It was fine timber, but it held no interest for him. It seemed futile, useless. This idea of buying timber and holding it for a rise! It was a foolish dream. The greatest thing in the world was bread. He sat down on a big rock to husband his strength and to think about his problem, when a little way ahead of him something small and brown stirred among the stones. He jumped to his feet, and the creature moved without haste. He ran after it, threw a stone and missed; yet it did not increase its speed. The second stone knocked it over. "Oh, you fool-hen!" he exclaimed half aloud as he wrung its unresisting neck. "I'm sorry to have to kill you, because you and I are kin. But it seems as though nature intended you to be sacrificed to the bigger fool." Back at the fire, which he stirred into life again, he prepared the chicken of the wilderness for the sacrificial feast, sousing it in the water on the beach, so that it might have as much of the savor of salt as possible, and completing the culinary process by toasting the denuded fowl at the end of a sharpened stick. The fat dripped, the flames shot up, and the soft flesh turned brown, giving forth a fragrance that impressed McAndrews as being by far the finest in the world. After breakfast he felt so cheerful he smoked a pipe and then, with his friend the axe, felled and trimmed four small pines. He laid the trees side by side and began to bind them with vine maple. At last, after several hours of work, he surveyed the completed raft, and then fashioned a good paddle from a cedar shake. He launched the craft and began to paddle toward the east, toward the mountains that rose in the blue distance across the waters. Countless small waves came hurrying along to slap the raft, and, as the shore receded, larger ones lifted it, and dashed upon it. The tide took a hand and swept it southward. The wind swooped down ^ ^ ^ r7- ■ Ti- - *=r %^jm IflMIIIIIIIIU ilLiilj. UK ,Tf**J m %m M ft Vii m vs- &?%& ^^;, iSsga ••:-:.'* c** KM?* >\)h k> ^^^E v^T . as, .jC-^ %* -nS^ — QC1 f-r^ ^ -"- *"» *. r* -^*Q* <*7y<3V2. rtrim CT -;££ <>£ °*= r~\ ..@k. .ill- 9r</^y McANDREWS BEGAN TO BUILD A FIRE Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 upon it. But the sun was beaming, and the forces of nature were merely playing. McAndrews paddled steadily. It was not until the sun had done its duty for the day and had left the world to itself and night that the elements gave signs of a change of mood. The wind came heavily now, and waves showing white teeth loomed up threateningly in the gathering gloom. The raft tossed and labored. Water was continually running over it, and McAndrews, working with the paddle with muscles that protested at every stroke, felt each of the logs take on more and more a motion of its own. His realization of the fact that the raft was breaking up caused him to put forth double efforts despite his weariness. The mountains now were rising high in front, but between him and the shadowy shore was still an expanse of heaving water. The logs were very loose. Several times during the day he had endeavored to tighten them, but his efforts had had only a temporary effect. Suddenly a wave which was as a full grown man to children, reared itself. The raft tried to climb it and failed. A mass of water fell upon it. McAndrews clutched a log, and found himself neck-deep, grasping this log alone. The other were floating away on little voyages of their own. He clung to his log desperately, with a flashlight vision of many incidents in his life, and particularly of Mrs. McAndrews reading under the drop-light and waiting for him. He tried to paddle shoreward with his free hand, but felt the relentless grip of the current, and realized the puniness and futility of his efforts. He had become a mere helpless creature of the elements. The icy waters numbed him. Despite the shock of the immersion his fatigue was overpowering. He closed his eyes and felt himself tossing dizzily, floating he knew not where. But still, with a grim instinct, he clung to the supporting log. After a long time his deadened senses communicated a new fact to his dulled brain. There had been a jolt. The log had ceased to move. With a desperate effort he threw off his lethargy and staggered out of the water to a shelf of shore at the edge of high rocks. The wind braced him. His brain suddenly cleared. He saw again the picture of his Vancouver home, and the instinct of self- preservation rose within him with freshened strength. He swung his arms, and stamped, and ran stifly. In a moment the air seemed warmer and he realized that he had rounded a projection of the rocks. He pushed on along the shore. He felt as though he were walking through a quagmire of glue that held his feet, but knew that the long sleep lurked in rest. In a little while he dimly saw water, not at his right hand only, but also stretching out in front. He remembered vaguely his cruiser's map and Lowe Inlet, for which he had been steering during the day. On the inlet, ten miles back from Granville Channel, the map told him there was a salmon cannery. He staggered on blindly, following the rock strewn shore, wading around bluffs that came to the water's edge, climbing steeps, plunging through underbrush, moving automatically through the wilderness, like a man walking in his sleep. He had ceased to think. It was mere instinct, dying hard, that pushed him on. The sight at last of a long wharf paralleled by a shed-like building, brought no light to his eyes. He reeled up a tressel-like walk to a little row of houses set back on stilts in an aperture in the cliff, and fumbled feebly at the doorknobs. None yielded. The doors were locked. The cannery was closed down for the winter. He sank to the walk and lay motionless. But he dreamed, and in the dream struggled against being 'tumbled about so much. He opened his eyes at last, and a little Jap smiled down at him. He stared up into the brown face, and began slowly to remember. He felt about with his hands, and discovered that he was lying in blankets on an army cot, in non descript clothing not his own. "When I came back I find you," said the Jap, smiling as if he thought the matter was a joke. "I pull you in, undress you, and hang up your clothes to dry. You big baby—dam heavy." "Not half as heavy as I feel," answered McAndrews, trying to sit up and not succeeding. "Give me a drink. Ye gods, but I want a drink!" The Jap brought him a dipper of water. He gulped it down and held out his hands feverishly for another. When he had finished this he lay back with a feeling of restfulness, and forgot the world again. He was aroused in a little while by the fragrance of tea and fresh toast. When he opened his eyes the Jap had the refreshment at his elbow. After he had dispatched it his strength surged back. The Jap made him more toast, and more, embellished with bacon. He slept peacefully that night, and began,- in the morning, to plan for the continuance of his journey. "You stay here all winter?" he asked the Jap after breakfast. The latter nodded. "Me watchman." "Anybody else come in here till spring?" The Jap shook his head. "You've got a boat, of course?" Again the Jap nodded. "How much will you take to row me out into the ship channel?" The Jap shook his head vigorously. "Can't do it. Must stay here. Never go 'way except up hill for wood. Must stay here." For an hour McAndrews labored with his Japanese friend, but to no avail. Thousands of years of Oriental immovability seemed to be behind the lat- ter's declinations to leave the post at which he had been commanded to remain. "I'll have to take your boat, then," said McAndrews. The Jap showed symptoms of alarm, and glanced up at a shelf where McAndrews, following his eyes, saw a revolver. McAndrews lapsed into silence. He knew that it would be a serious matter to take the only boat—a crime more heinous even, in the unwritten law of the north coast, than horse stealing on the plains. Yet it was absurd to think of hibernating there with the Jap till spring, and hardly less foolish to contemplate a trip by foot through the drifted snows across seventy miles of mountains to Prince Rupert. After he had ceased to argue with the Jap, McAndrews took from a pocket in his ulster a crumpled time-card of the sailings between Prince Rupert and Vancouver and noted the fact that a steamer had sailed that morning. She ought to be opposite Lowe Inlet, he calculated, about the middle of the afternoon. From the cannery there would be a row of fifteen miles to intercept her. It would be necessary to start without delay. McAndrews looked about for some rope, and saw a coil. He donned his ulster and his hat, as if going for a walk. The Jap had been glancing at him uneasily since their talk, but his work made it necessary for him to frequently turn his back upon his guest, and McAndrews made the most of an opportunity to seize him from behind. He had amazing strength for a man so small. But McAndrews held him in a tight embrace with one big arm and with the other quickly snatched up the coil of rope. "Don't fight so hard, Tokio," he said, soothingly, as he began laboriously to bind his struggling host. "I'm not going to hurt you. You've been too good a friend of mine for that. I'm just going to take you out with me to the steamer, so that you can row your boat back. If you wouldn't squirm so, and would cut out the jiu jitso, it would be a lot easier for both of us." When McAndrews at last got the Jap's arms bound securely he turned his captive around and gazed down kindly at him. "I hope the rope don't hurt you, Tekio, I'll take it off when we get down the inlet a ways, if you'll promise to be good." The Jap returned his gaze and suddenly began to smile. "You tie 'em good. You tell boss you. tie? Me fight, but no help? Maybe leetle money, eh?" McAndrews slapped his host on the back and began to laugh. "You bet I 911 O R T U N I T Page 33 will. I'll tell your boss you made the greatest little fight that I ever went up against. Leave it to me to square it with him. Oh, you're a foxy Oriental. Now, stand still like a little man while I tie your legs." It was a smiling Jap, who, a little later, was deposited in the stern of the row boat. McAndrews had taken the trouble to carry him down to the wharf because he wanted to complete all details of the seizure for the purpose of "making it right" for his host with the latter's boss. He rowed gayly, with the tide helping, and made many observations to his captive. To his intense relief, after they had left the inlet and were out in the open road-stead, he perceived that his calculations about the steamer were correct. There was a dot, steadily growing larger, on the horizon to the north. "I've got to say good-bye to you in a few moments, Tokio," he remarked, "but I won't forget you, and I'm going to slip into our pocket without your seeing it a twenty-dollar bill. For the sake of appearances I won't untie you until they come up close, where all can see." The steamer came plowing along with a long streamer of smoke behind. McAndrews waved. She swerved a little from her course and slowed down. McAndrews a moment later lifted "Tokio" and cut his bonds, and had driven the bow of the row boat against the big hull that loomed above him. A rope ladder was dropped over the side. McAndrews wrung the hand of his Japanese friend, and climbed quickly up toward the peering faces of many passengers ranged along the rail. Afterward, in the crowded smoking room, he told his story. A tall, heavy, ruddy-faced young man with a determined chin became excited before the tale was quite completed. "Do you say," he asked, in a loud voice, "that the fellow who marooned you on that island was a lanky cuss with a hatchet face and narrow eyes?" "Yes. Why?" responded McAndrews, quickly. "Why, because he's on this very boat." The young man turned to the other passengers. "Come on, boys. We can't let a murdering blackguard like this sneak away. He's probably hiding in his cabin. We'll drag him out." There was a general movement in the wake of the spokesman. McAndrews waited calmly. He heard a thumping on a stateroom door, loud voices, a scuffle, and a moment later saw his new friend and another stalwart passenger coming along the passageway with their right hands firmly clutching the coat-collars of two individuals who looked as though they would have much rather been somewhere else. They were Holland and Sanford. McAndrews glanced up with a smile. • "You, too, Holland? I was pretty sure you were the promoter of this enterprise. Oh, well, you'll get yours." The big passenger raised his voice again. "Boys, this is the most dastardly outrage I have ever heard of. Down in my part of the country we'd have what we call a necktie party, but since there's no tree or telegraph pole around here, we'll have 'em put in irons on a charge of attempted murder." In his excitement he happened to knock Holland heavily in the face with his big elbow. The latter wiped the blood from his lips, but said nothing. Sanford dodged a similar blow and the young man seized him. "Stand still, you worm," he commanded. "Oh, 1 ain't squirming," answered Sanford, carelessly. I kind o' feel that this ain't just the time fur the worm to turn." He and Holland were turned over to the first officer for safe keeping in the brig. McAndrews was more interested now in the whir of the wireless, which was projecting into the air a message he had handed to the operator. It was addressed to Mrs. James McAndrews, and read: "Will be home to-morrow night. Delayed unavoidably." Industrial Progress in British Columbia ANADIAN NORTHERN Railway surveys will be complete in the spring from Port Mann to Yellowhead Pass. The British Columbia Electric Railway Company will supply by the first of May the first instalment of 10,000 horse-power to Victoria. It has been announced that steel rails on the Canadian Northern line to the extent of ten thousand tons will be laid from Port Mann eastward, beginning about the middle of March. Timber lands on Vancouver Island to the extent of 200,000 acres, have been the subject of a deal between the Western Finance Company of Victoria and British capitalists, the consideration for the timber being announced as $2,000,000. The city of Prince Rupert has plans and specifications for improvements calling for the expenditure of three-quarters of a million dollars. A considerable proportion of this money will be used for grading streets. The Hudson's Bay Company, according to reports, has recently disposed of 700,000 acres of land in Western Canada, half a million acres of which property has been sold, it is said, to a land syndicate, and 200,000 acres to the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, the sales netting the company $7,000,000. The directors of the British Columbia Electric Railway Company at a recent meeting in London recommended a dividend of 8% for the six months which ended June 30th, last. The new line to Chilliwack is now earning 5% on the $2,000,000 involved in the building of the Chilliwack line. TRAINING PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS FOR MANUAL INDUSTRIES Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 191 The Dominion Government is preparing for a rush of settlers into the Peace River country early in the spring. The Vancouver City Council proposes to spend $3,500,000 within the next few months in public improvements of various kinds. It is announced that plans are now maturing in Vancouver for various kinds of construction work requiring 35,000 tons of steel. Salt to the extent of 5,000 tons has arrived in Nanaimo for use in preserving the season's catch of herring at this fishing centre. The contract for the building of the first Vancouver Island section of the Canadian Northern Railway was let early in January. The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway has secured Vancouver waterfront property upon which to build wharves for its Pacific steamship business. Predictions are to the effect that 1911 will be a record year in Vancouver building operations and that the permits will total at least $15,000,000. The aggregate amount spent on buildings in Victoria during 1910 was $2,373,045, an increase over 1909 of nearly $600,000 and an increase over 1908 of over a million dollars. The machinery is at hand for the Powell River Paper Company, which will be in operation next May with a paper mill of a capacity of one hundred tons of news print a day and a payroll of over one million dollars a year. A model town is being built at Powell River. At Point Grey last year the Canadian Pacific Railway Company spent a million dollars in improvements, chiefly in Shaughnessy Heights, which is a residential proposition of the railroad company, and the municipality spent $390,- 000 on new streets, grading and other improvements. This district had a population of 5,000 two years ago and now has a population of about 30,000. The Western Steel Corporation will break ground in the spring for a branch, on the south bank of the Fraser River, in which plant will be manufactured merchant steel, and numerous other steel and iron products. This will be one of the biggest and most important enter- prizes yet established in British Columbia, with plans involving the expenditure of about two million dollars in construction work. Best Year Yet in Mining Mineral Production in British Columbia is Steadily Increasing (From the Review of the Industry, by E. Jacobs, in the Nelson Daily News) ffl&IIHHCtlgfiia VKMEcsaU B" RITISH COLUMBIA'S aggregate mineral production to the end of 1910 is nearly $374,000,- 000. The estimated value of the production in 1910 is nearly $26,000,000, which is larger than in any previous year. The value of the output in 1909 was about twenty-four and a half millions. The 1910 record was made, too, under conditions which seriously interfered with production at several important mines. However, there was a sufficient increase in the production of coal to more than compensate for the loss in metalliferous mines. The increase in the production of coal was large. Last year's production of coal and coke was valued at $11,084,000; that for 1909 was $8,575,000. There was a net increase last year of more than $2,500,000. All the coal producing districts shared in the increase. There is good reason to look for an increasing production of most of the minerals which contribute largely to the total output of the Province. Looking over the situation as it affects the several districts, there seems to be ample warrant for thinking that the older mining districts will maintain their productiveness, while several new districts may be expected to become producers now that they are being provided with railway and other facilities. The districts that appear to have made a gain in value of metalliferous produc tion in 1910 are Cassiar (chiefly in gold from Atlin), Nelson (in lode gold and lead), Slocan (silver and lead), Ross- land (in lode gold, silver, lead and copper, but mainly in gold), and the Coast DAN GREENWALT One of B, C's. Best Known Mining Men (nearly all in copper). Those that show decreases are Cariboo (in placer gold), East Kootenay (in silver and lead, for the most part), Lillooet (in placer gold), and the Boundary District (in copper in large degree, but in part offset by a gain in lode gold from Hedley, Osoyoos mining division). The gain in production of coal was in the proportion, roughly, of one-third to the Vancouver Island and Nicola Valley collieries and two-thirds from those of South-east Kootenay. The total value of the mineral production of East Kootenay metalliferous and non-metalliferous was, therefore, much larger in 1910 than in 1909. Reviewing the production of the various minerals, comments are made as follows: There appears to have been a small increase in the total quantity of placer gold recovered, as compared with that obtained in 1909. But for water for gravel washing having been short in the Cariboo District the gain made would have been larger. The largest producers of lode gold, in the Province, collectively, are the mines at Rossland, which is in Trail Creek mining division, these having an estimated total for 1910 of nearly 120,000 ounces, which is probably an increase over their production in 1909. Boundary District mines come second, with a total of approximately 76,800 oz. Nelson Mining Division has a total of 28,- 000 oz., this including about 12,000 from Sheep Creek mines, more than 6,0001 from those at Erie, and probably 4,000 from Ymir, with a goodly proportion of the remainder from mines in the vicinity of Nelson. Then comes Hedley with a production of nearly 25,000 fine ounces, all from the Nickel Plate group. The Coast District (including Atlin and Portland Canal) has been credited with an estimated production of rather more than 911 O P P O R T UN I T I E S Page 35 H. J. JENKINS PRESIDENT D. von CRAMER MANAGING DIRECTOR The Vancouver Trust Company Limited 614 Pender St. W., Vancouver, B. C. I'Vancouver Trust Building' INSURANCE Fireman's Fund Insurance Company of San Francisco, Cal. Incorporated 1863 Assets - $8,070,629.43 Liabilities - 4,184,248.80 Capital paid up - - - 1,500,000.00 Surplus - 2,386,380.63 $8,070,629.43 Westchester Fire Insurance Company of New York Incorporated 1837 Assets - $4,462,134.06 Liabilities - 2,730,353.80 Capital paid up - - - 300,000.00 Surplus - - - - 1,431,780.26 $4,462,134.06 The Hawkeye and Des Moines Fire Insurance Company of Des Moines, la. The Imperial Guarantee and Accident Insurance Company of Canada. A GENERAL TRUST BUSINESS TRANSACTED Moderate Charges Efficient Service A TRUST COMPANY ASSURES SAFETY Kamloops, B. C.: KAMLOOPS-VANCOUVER TRUST COMPANY LIMITED PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES / / 1911 7,000 ounces, but returns are incomplete. Between 700 and 800 ounces was produced in various parts of West Kootenay, other than those above mentioned, chiefly in the Lardeau. The prospects of there being an increasing production of lode gold in the early future are distinctly favorable. At the time of writing the outlook for a larger quantity of this metal being obtained from Rossland mines than in the immediate past is encouraging; with enlarged blast furnace capacity and an ample supply of ore up to this capacity, the companies operating on a large scale in the Boundary District appear to have substantial grounds for their expectation of an increased total yield of gold; the milling of a considerably larger tonnage of gold-bearing ores in Nelson mining division—about Nelson, near Ymir, and in Sheep Creek Camp—may be looked for, plans to bring this about being already in preparation; the mechanical improvements being made and additional gold-saving facilities being provided at the Hedley Gold Mining Company's 40- stamp mill, in the Similkameen; the renewed enterprise of the Tyee Copper Company in acquiring mines with ore having an appreciably large quantity of gold, and the activity in the direction of production that will henceforward be witnessed in the Atlin, Portland Canal, Texada Island and other Coast District camps, together give reasonable promise of bringing about a substantial increase in the production of lode gold in the Province. The disastrous forest fires that last summer did much damage to mine buildings in the eastern part of Slocan and the neighboring Ainsworth division, had the effect of preventing an increase in the production of silver, and also kept down the output of lead and zinc. There was an estimated decrease of about 350,- 000 ounces in Ainsworth division. The Slocan is expected to show a fairly large increase in silver in 1911. Both the Boundary and the Coast Districts are increasing ore production, so from them also, more silver should be f GRANBY MINES, PHOENIX, SHAFT-HOUSE AND ORE BINS obtained. The great importance of the Consolidated Mining &. Smelting Company's works at Trail to the Kootenay District is exemplified in the proportion of the total silver production of the Province that was made marketable there. Of an estimated total production for 1910 of 2,500,000 ounces, rather more than 2,000,000 ounces was extracted from the ores and refined at Trail. It will here be noted that practically the whole of the lead produced was similarly smelted and refined at the Consolidated Company's works. There was a serious falling off in the quantity of lead produced in 1910 as compared with that in 1909, the respective totals having been 44,396,000 lbs. in the latter' year as against an estimated production of only 37,000,000 lbs. in the former. The low price of lead during the last year was one' of the chief influences against a larger production. MILL OF SILVER LEAD MINE IN THE KOOTENAY DISTRICT The production of zinc ore and concentrate in 1910 was so small as to prove disappointing. Not that the available material is short in quantity, but that by an entirely unexpected combination of adverse circumstances there was comparatively little zinc ore or concentrate produced and shipped. So far as is indicated by the information received, there was no production of iron ore in the Province in 1910. This is easily accounted for—there was no blast furnace smelting British Columbia iron ore, so there was no inducement to owners of iron properties to mine any ore. There is, though, the probability of British capitalists undertaking the establishment of iron and steel works at some advantageous place on or near the coast of British Columbia. Little progress seems to have been made in the direction of turning to profitable account other minerals reported as occurring in different parts of the Province. Among these are scheelite, in the Barkerville District, Cariboo; molybdenum, at Sheep Creek, Nelson Mining Division; platinum, found with placer gold in both Similkameen and Cariboo; cinnabar, in the Kamloops District, and on the west coast of Vancouver Island, at which place occurrences of this mercury ore were prospected last year by a Victoria syndicate; gypsum, in the vicinity of Spatsum, along the Canadian Pacific Railway main line; asbestos, in the country lying between the head of Kootenay Lake and Trout Lake; and mica at Tete Jaune Cache. Some development work was done on the mica claims, and a small quantity of mica sent out. OPPORTUNITIES Page 37 THE TALE OF A CAN In the future history of British Columbia a tin can will play an important role. Anyone who has studied the resources of this Province knows that the- day will come when the raising of fruit will be one of its greatest profit- bearing industrfes. From all the present indications and reports, thousands of tons of berries and small fruits will be raised in the fruit growing districts of this Province for consumption at home and abroad. Already the special qualifications of the Fraser Valley have attracted the attention and interest of fruit growers and a lively demand for small fruit ranches is reported throughout the southern part of the Province. The One Essential of Successful Fruit Growing is a Properly Conducted Cannery, Supplemented by a Jam Factory Did you ever stop to consider why this might be so? You wouldn't have to stop to consider if you had ever seen a crate of strawberries, after a thousand mile journey across the Canadian prairies on top of a rough haul to the nearest railroad shipping point. The farmers lay it to the commission men. The commission men lay it to the farmers. But the truth of the matter is that no matter how carefully they are packed, bush fruits can not stand the hardships of shipping without loss of weight, flavor or appearance —which means incidentally loss of actual money. The solution of the problem lies in the tin can and glass jar. Canned goods can be shipped 52 weeks in the year. The grower in a district where there is a good cannery does not have to go outside for his market. His entire crop is sold on the vines at a uniform price. No glut of the market or delayed shipments can beat his prices to splinters. But— The First Requirement of Fruit Cannery or Jam Factory is Cheap Sugar In this statement lies the kernel of our story. You have doubtless heard of the beet sugar plant which is being established at Mission City, in the Fraser Valley. Over a thousand acres of land have been pledged to the project. Men of capital have become deeply interested in the development of this plant and are studying the best means of making it successful. They have decided that the two industries are so closely allied that they can both be conducted under the same roof, each contributing to the success of the other, and both to the profits of the shareholders. Shares in these cooperative and allied industries can be bought for TEN DOLLARS each—the price of a share in any one of a thousand less well planned and less promising commercial enterprises. If you are interested in either one, or both of these industries, send for our very interesting booklet which goes into the subject more in detail. I COUPON FRASER VALLEY SUGAR WORKS, LTD. Vancouver, B. C. Please send without cost to me your booklet "From Field to Factory." Name Address Occupation The Fraser Valley Sugar Works, Ltd. Plant: MISSION CITY, B. C Main Office: 3ig PENDER ST. VANCOUVER. B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 PROVIDING FOR THE FUTURE Most men are slaves. They are never for all their struggles able to get out from under the burden of circumstances which control their lives as surely as the most despotic kings of old controlled their subjects. Employers in these days take the place of monarchs. The average man must bow to the will and caprices of other men. His future is rarely certain. Always as a cloud upon the horizon of his life is the possibility of business changes, which, at a time perhaps when he has passed the period of his best productivity, he is turned adrift to practically begin life anew. He believes he is a free man but is not. Time and again he makes, to his own conscience, a declaration of independence. He tells himself that he will put forth the last ounce of his energy to attain a position in must take into careful consideration certain factors. There are four of these which will enable him to make mining the basis of his declaration of independence. The first question pertains to the honesty and capability of the management. The second has to do with the consideration of whether the mine will be properly financed beyond the speculative stage, thus avoiding failure through lack of funds. The third question to be determined is whether the property can stand up under a rigid investigation and report by a competent and conscientious mining engineer. Still another factor which plays an important part in the value of the property is that of its location. Is it bottled up in an inaccessible place, making it dependent upon an avaricious railroad which will take "all the traffic will bear," that which he can feel that his future is secure, but he rarely realizes this dominating hope, and, in most instances, this is true because he is afraid to climb out of his rut to take advantage of what life and nature are willing to give him if he has but the courage and foresight to push a little off from the beaten path. Nature is the friend of man. The mines of the Province produced in 1909 $25,000,000 worth of gold, silver and other minerals. In 1910 there was an increase of over a million dollars. In coming years the mining product, according to the highest authorities, will steadily advance in value. In order to enjoy a share in this wealth a man must use wisdom. In weighing the question of whether any mining company is entitled to handle his investment he MAIN BUSINESS STREET, STEWART, MT. GLADSTONE INIBACKGROUND. is, will seize most of the profits in freight charges on the ore. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN We would like to have you ask us in the closest detail the questions mentioned above as they pertain to the Mount Gladstone Mine, situated in the Portland Canal mining district and controlled by the Sutcliffe Investment Company of 317 Pender Street West, Vancouver, B. C, in association with a number of the leading citizens of Vancouver and other British Columbia centres. These men have investigated. They know. If you investigate you will know and will be rendered certain that here is an opportunity to make a declaration of independence for yourself now, for your old age, and for your children. WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 Goods Roads and Streets Some Interesting Data on How They are Constructed By Frank M. Foulser HE development of British Columbia has been so rapid that despite the most strenuous efforts of the road builders it has been almost impossible to keep pace with the demands of new communities for highways. Even in the City of Vancouver the growth suburbanward has outrun the efforts of street builders and caused the city council to be beseiged by constituents for more highways. Despite this situation, which, after all, is a healthy sign, the Province excells all of its neighbors in the ardor and persistence with which it is attacking the problem of good roads. Special interest attaches itself to the subject at this time owing to a movement along the entire Pacific Coast for the establishment of a continuous, first- •class trunk highway, to be known as the Pacific Highway, extending along the entire Pacific Coast from Mexico to Alaska. The incentive for such a movement finds its origin in the ranks of the automobile enthusiasts. So popular has the automobile become for pastime and business that the question of highways is becoming one of the most important of the day. For this reason it may not be uninteresting to recall briefly the great advance which has been made in road building on the Pacific Coast in the last few years, through the agency, at least in part, of the automobile. In California, the first diversion from ordinary country highway building was the establishment of the oil road. This is constructed by thoroughly saturating the top layer of the road with a coating of thick, heavy, crude oil. Although used primarily to lay the dust, it was found in practice that this contributed to the wearing qualities of the thoroughfare, and with the result that its use became more and more widespread, until to-day the majority of the country highways of California are oiled with asphalt oils costing approximately from 3c to 6c a gallon. The use of this form of roadway has spread into Southern Oregon through the proximity of that State. In the development of the State of Washington and the Province of British Columbia, the first step is the wagon trail, a rough highway slashed through the timber and left largely to take care of itself. This crude thoroughfare is soon followed, however, by the road of gravel and macadam. In British Columbia the cost of roads outside the municipalities is borne entirely by the Government. In Oregon and Washington a State Aid Bill has been passed which provides for the appropriation of a certain sum of money for use on the country highways. To take advantage of this sum each county must appropriate an amount twice as large as it expects to receive from the State. The municipalities and towns are responsible for their own roads. This brings us logically to a brief consideration of the various kinds of materials which are used in road and street construction. While comparatively few people keep in touch with the technical aspect of road building, every taxpayer should be at least sufficiently interested to know the various classes of roads on which his money is being spent. The gravel road, here in British Columbia, is usually made of gravel as it comes from the pit, having, of course, a great many voids, which allow water to enter and make the road suitable only for light, rural traffic. Heavy travel such as is seen on a trunk road causes such damage to a gravel road as to make maintenance an expensive matter. The macadam road, of which the Pacific Highway, when completed, will be an example, is made of a six-inch layer of rock crushed into fragments that will pass through a three-inch meshed screen. These are held in place by a filler and binder composed of crushed rock running down to the size of fine gravel. On top of this is spread a layer of one and a quarter-inch stone, and the whole is pressed down into a hard mass by the frequent use of a heavy steam roller. Within the city limits a large assortment of street-making materials is available, so many, in fact, that the average person scarcely knows their names, let alone the process of manufacture. Granite block pavement, however, is familiar to all, and is, incidentally, the most expensive, its cost in this locality being about four dollars a yard. The blocks are laid on a bed of concrete six inches thick with a sand cushion one to two inches thick and held in place by Portland cement mortar, or by a filler composed of small gravel and tar or pitch. Such pavement is the outgrowth of the old cobblestone pavement, which can be seen in Old Country villages, but which is being rapidly superseded on this continent by the latter types of paving. The granite block pavement has the advantage of being the material best adapted to withstand the demands of heavy commercial traffic as well as providing a good foothold for horses. Its drawbacks are its excessive noise and its lack of resiliency. Brick is also a good, durable material MOOTI-I \T A Nff^OT TA/F r* 's on ^e eve °f ^e g'reatest development that has ever taken place on the Pacific Coast l*V/*\» *» f *»1' vv/ U f rjm\ of North America. The lone: delayed Second Narrows Bridge connecting: the north shore g with all the railways of the continent is to be constructed at once. Ocean Docks, Shipbuilding Yards, Car Works, Steel Works and Railway Terminals are all coming to take up its miles of waterfront. There has never been a better opportunity to acquire valuable property at a nominal price. kD I \T ][| A 1 t is in the centre of this region of coming activity, and is being offered for a short time at a much lower price **■** ** » LJI\mjLa than anything in the district. Every lot guaranteed good, and inspection invited. All roads are graded. Good soil, free from rock or gully. One-fifth acre blocks. PRICE $330 to $500- TERMS : One-fifth cash ; Balance over two years. \\ rire, write or call and secure one or more at once. They will be worth thousands soon. We specialize in NORTH VANCOUVER property and can always give you the best value on the market. 340 Pender Street W. D. MACLURG, Real Estate Broker VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 191 for pavement, but has the same objection on the score of noise, without the strength of granite. The joints afford good footing, but unless this pavement is well laid and contraction and expansion allowed for, it heaves up, giving the effect of a drum, and later settles with many cracks. But the chief objection to its use, especially on the Pacific Coast, is its cost, an objection that .will not be overcome until local industry has provided manufacturing plants sufficient to reduce its present cost of about $3.50 a yard. Such an industry, properly handled, offers good possibilities for the industrial investor. Wooden paving blocks come largely into use in this country on account of the low cost of fir and cedar. The discovery of the creosoting process has lengthened the life of such paving until its wearing qualities are undeniable. Furthermore, it offers a good, easy footing, except when covered with mud or frost, when its slipperiness makes it extremely difficult for traffic. Wood, a non-conductor, does not allow the earth heat to thaw the hoar frost as promptly as granite, brick, or asphalt. A great deal of the success of the wood block pavement depends upon its proper selection and laying, but this feature in cities like Vancouver, for instance, where wooden paving, in constant use for nearly twenty years, is still giving excellent service, has been mastered, so that it would seem that wood furnishes a very satisfactory paving materiil. In these days of conservations, however one question of general economics arises, and thac con cerns the advisabihty of using for paving purposes a natural resource that is constantly increasing in desirability for other uses where no substitute medium exists. By far the greatest progress has been made in recent years along the lines of asphalted pavement. Asphalt as a street building material, came into prominence about thirty-five years ago. The first attempts to use it were more or less crude, consisting of merely pouring on the top layer of the street various pre parations of coal tar, more as a preventive to dust than as a method of. protecting the road. Various experiments proved it to be poor practice to try to save a worn out macadam road by surface applications, the cost of repairs being very heavy under concentrated traffic. In Europe asphalt pavement is made of a bituminous limestone, a natural product that can be pulverized and applied direct to the roadbeds as a surface material. It costs too much, however, to import this product to this country, and so asphaltic sandstone is made artificially by combining sand and bitumen under heat and pressure. A better combination consists of broken stone, the voids of which are filled with finer stone of different sizes, sand, and stone-dust bound together by asphalt cement. Usually the foundation on which this is spread is composed of two-inch stone laid to a depth of about six inches, well rolled. This produces a very durable pavement, which is noiseless and has a considerable amount of resliency. It may also be laid on concrete when necessary, but loses its resiliency on such an unyielding foundation. This is the most recent form of paving to make its appearance on the Pacific Coast. It is known as Bitulithic Pavement. It combines all the good qualities of the old-fashioned asphalt pavement with certain other distinctions, particularly that of not being slippery and of being durable. This pavement has been recently adopted by various municipalities throughout Canada. The cost is practically the same as that of asphalt, but its various improvements seem to have gained favor in the eyes of engineers and the laity. This same type of paving is coming into use on country roads in a form lighter than in cities, but with the same non-slippery, waterproof surface, which withstands the action of weather and automobiles. One of the interesting features in conjunction with this problem of road building is the probable inauguration of a special course in connection with the new university at Point Grey. This, as in other universities, will doubtless include a special course for the purpose of studying all the chemistry and physics of the materials used in road building. The large amount of building that has taken place, in the cities of Victoria and Vancouver especially, has led to the use of much building material, probably to an extent that warrants a substantial increase in the estimated value of this product. The only material concerning which definite information has been obtained is portland cement, the quantity of which, manufactured at Tod Inlet, Vancouver Island, was larger than in 1909, when the output was about 238,000 barrels, valued at approximately $260,000. It has been announced that arrangements are in progress for the manufacture of cement in the neighborhood of Princeton, Similkameen. As evidence that this year will be a busy one at Queen Charlotte both the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway companies have already arranged for new and additional steamers for the Queen Charlotte Islands in addition to the present service they are now giving, which is practically a weekly service by both companies. Engineers are now at work on surveys for the project of The Canadian Collieries for the development of 50,000 horsepower on the Puntridge River in the centre of the Comox coal fields. This power plant will cost about $1,000,000., and construction will be started on it by hundreds of workmen within a few weeks. The sheep industry in Canada has for several years been on the decline, but a movement is now on foot to revive it. The Minister of Agriculture has appointed a committee to investigate the situation. Mechanical roasters are being installed at the Trail smelter. British Jlmerican trust Company, Ltd. City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. Phone 6445 100 Loo Bldg. §fi THE UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING COMPANY Type-wri ting Reproductions A 20-line Letter on your paper 250 Copies $2.50 500 < f 3.00 1000 H 4.00 Prices! Compg. 10c. line; Ptg. 20c, per 100 sheets. For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist John M. Chappell Room 2, 443 Pender Street Owners ate tequested to list all Point Gey property with me PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES DO YOU KNOW WHAT BITULITHIC PAVING i IS-AND DOES?i Bitulithic is from two classic words meaning "Bitumen" and "Stone." Cfl Bitulithic Paving- is a paving built on scientific principles by experts. It Solves the Road Problem If you would like to learn why Bithulic Paving excels all others in durability, easiness of cleaning, light resistance to traffic, non-slipperiness, ease of maintenance, favorableness to travel, sanitariness and economy. Send for some interesting literature to Columbia Bitulithic, Limited 23 Fairfield Building :: Vancouver, B. C. Section of surface of the Bitulithic Paving on Abbott Street, between Hastings and Water Streets, Vancouver. This shows the roughened non- slippery finish which makes it impossible for automobiles to skid—a feature not possessed by any other form of paving. Vertical section of the same Bitulithic Paving, showing the absolute solidity and stability produced by the use of crushed rock, running in size from 1J^ inches to an impalpable powder, held together by and thoroughly waterproofed with bitumen. «$*«■•«••«■•»—••»••«•»«•.»■■»■■«■■»■■»■ ■•.••■••■••■ .»..»..>..>..«l.»..»..«..«.^..»~««».»M»l.«..»..»..»..«..»..»..«..«M»~« WOODWORKERS LIMITED "WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of building material. Office and Factory: 2843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIA, B. C. 4*. BULLEN & LAMB LATE BULLEN PE[OTO CO. Amateur Finishing and Enlarging. Picture Framing 743 PENDER STREET WEST, 2 Doors from Orpheum Theatre PGIIMT pppV Choice Residence Property in any part of Point Grey. t^t»_fl Special and strictly business attention given to mail orders. PHONE 7020 I I a I I CASCADE PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. The Leading1 House for Commercial and Architectural Photography H. O. KEEFER. Point Grey Specialist successor to mole & keefer 1065 Granville Street The ^Beez without a Peez Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 Here are Three Investments that are Certain Profit Makers Granville Street has made fortunes for many ; the portion between False Creek and Shaugrinessy heights is the centre of great development and rapid growth ; fortunes are yet to be made here. We have the best buy, viz : 27 x 120 ft. in block 450. Price $10,000, on terms. Park Drive — The great business thoroughfare of the East End, 50 x 100 ft. to lane, at corner of Broadway (carline junction). $12,000, on terms. Point Grey — On 13th, 15th and 16th Avenues, on the highest point between University site and the city, cleared and level and commanding beautiful views. Prices $850, $750, and $1000 respectively. We believe these are the best buying in the whole municipality. A. E. AUSTIN & CO. Phone 2900 328 Granville St,, Vancouver, B. C. PI Bin Facts THE richest men of our time are almost unanimous in the opinion that the safest and quickest way to make money is by judicious investments in acreage close to a growing' town. Abbotsford is growing at a very rapid rate and will continue to grow for years to come. Its position on the map is such that it cannot help but grow, situated between two prairies on rich bench land, served by three railways with the possibility of two more coming, its position is unique. Besides all this, Abbotsford appears to be very rich in coal and other minerals. As a residential district it would be difficult to beat it, with its beautiful benches, mountain and lake scenery, healthy atmosphere and natural drainage, one could not help but be charmed at the prospect of living in Abbotsford. Therefore, if you wish to become wealthy, you could not do better than purchase Abbotsford property, when it has such brilliant prospects. Don't miss your opportunity, get in to-day while prices are low, I have a few town lots that will double in value in a few months. Write, wire, or come and see me. C. A. SUMNER TELEPHONE 1 P. O. BOX 58 •Iumner" Abbotsford, B. C. fc &# %fl? ester & >»« W* iff & OFFICIAL AGENTS OF The British Columbia Homes Trust, Ltd. REPRESENTATIVES IN EUROPE Der Deutch-Amerikanische Handelsges, Berlin N W 7, Mittelstrasse, 23. Herr H. von Roeder, Hamburg, Alsterdamm, 63. BRANCH OFFICES 1132 Granville Street, Vancouver, B. C. (Phone 4595) 443 Lonsdale Avenue, North Vancouver (Phone 114) Cables: "Warburnitz," Vancouver ABC Code, 5th Edition Head Offices : 411 PENDER STREET, VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 5522 Farm Lands in Central British Columbia The Opportunity of your Life ^ Don't wait till transportation is in, and have to pay four times what you can buy for now. We have transportation from Quesnel, B. C. ^ If you want to purchase with small cash payment, see or write us. THE LAST GREAT WEST 505 Cotton Building: Vancouver, B. C. Agents for the Grand Trunk Pacific Townsite of Ellison, B. C. H. McINTOSH D. GAENHAM PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 43 Phone 1584. P. O. Box 88c Fire, Burglar-Proof and Manganese Victor Safes Vault Doors and Safety Deposit Boxes WESTERN CANADIAN AGENT E, G, PARNELL " THE SAFE MAN" 513 HAMILTON STREET VANCOUVER, - - B. C. The PORTLAND Mrs. Baker, Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 Tne only modern rooming house in town. Steam neat, running not and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE VICTORIA, B.C. <{m«. •■.«..•«•« ..•«•..»«•-•..•. .»..»..»..».. .•..*..•..«..• i I >>«■»•■»•■♦••« » l>l •»l.»M»l.«ll«l.».l»..».l».l»^«..>..»l.«..»M»..».l»ll»..«i«^« I Mrs. J. E. Elliott "i Hand-made Goods a Specialty | • The most Ip-to-Date Store j For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear f and everything needful for • Infants and Children. Phone R313 ! 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, 6. C. ■»mii»ii»n»i->~« PANTORIUM Tailoring Phone ms Renovating Suits Sponged and Pressed for 50c. One trial will make you a regular customer. 313 Gambie St. Vancouver* B# C# Four of the largest lumber companies in the province have been merged. The new corporation, which will be known as the Canadian Pacific Lumber Company, is capitalized at $5,000,000, and includes the present Canadian Pacific Lumber Company, of Port Moody; the Barkley Sound Cedar Company, of Port Alberni; the Anglo-American Lumber Company, Vancouver, and the Gibbons Lumber Mills, Arrow Lakes. The timber holdings which have been merged approximate 135 square miles of valuable limits, and the total capacity of the four mills at present is about 300,000 feet for a working day of ten hours. A corporation with $4,000,000 of paid up capital stock, has been organized to acquire and operate timber limits and lumber mills in Western Canada. As its first enterprise it recently acquired the limits and mill of the Mundy Company, recognized as one of the most valuable in British Columbia. It is said on good authority that several sections of British Columbia are better adapted to the growing of grapes than the famous vineyard localities of Europe. LEARN BOYD'S SYLLABIC SHORTHAND And become a competent Stenographer in 30 days You can accomplish this by correspondence. Others have done it. You can too. Price $25 for complete course. • BOYD'S SHORTHAND INSTITUTE (late western business college) 709 Dunsmuir Street Vancouver, B. C. «$»•••••••••■•••••••••••■ -•..•..••••.. ....•..«. ,«..«..#.v*. G. W. ARNOTI ft CO. Tfeal Estate and Insurance Drawer 1539 ** Prince Rupert Splendid Opportunities for Investors .»..*..•.-•-•. Hours 9 to 6 • Phone 3351 JNO. JACKSON Scientific Chiropodist Corns removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Nails, Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid Odors and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 30S Loo Building, Abbott and Hastings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. When in Abbotsford don't fail to stay at the Abbotsford Hotel Steam heat and all modern conveniences Bar in connection H. FREEMAN, Prop. Abbotsford, B. C. My Spelling is Correct My Punctuation Accurate an d My Typeing Carefully Done Legal Work a Specialty A Trial will Convince Winnifred McKay PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Phone 5523 504-5 Crown Bldg., Vancouver, B. C. WHEN YOU THINK OF SHOW CARDS THINK OF TROUNCE 635 GRANVILLE Phone 1868 Separate Classes for Men and Women Under Personal Supervision Classes Starting Monday, Feb. 7, 1911 VANCOUVER CIRCULAR AND ADV. CO. , "THE MULTIGRAPH PEOPLE" Makers of Personal Circular Letters to follow up Prospects Press Clipping Bureau in connection, covering B. C. H. J. McLATCHY, Manager Phone 1937 615 Pender St. W. J. w. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LJIW-BUTLER BUILDING PRINCE RUPERT, B. . P. ©. BOX 271 Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, I racing, Map*, Shuw Card Writing Design! ana Specifications lor Steal and Concrete Buildings Drawing* (or Real h-tate ami Contractors Architectural Perspectives PLEA8E MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 44 OPPORTUNITIES 19 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zbt progressive Brokerage, financial and Industrial firms and Institutions of British Columbia, Phone 2900 A. B. AUSTIN & CO. Real Estate and Insurance. 328 Granville St., VANCOUVER, B. C. T. B. ANDERSON & C. CLAYTON Seal Estate Phone 5913 1069 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. B. O. B. BAGSHAWE ft CO. Beal Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. J. A. COLLINSON Beal Estate Phone 4164 240a Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. JOHN M. CHAPPELL Beal Estate Phone 4802 443 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. W. W. DRESSER Insurance, Beal Estate Phone 3020 438 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. K. T. BEVIES COMPANY, LIMITED Real Estate, Loans and Insurance 437 Seymour St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 1627 Phone 3628 DUTHIE ft WISEABT Beal Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. "W. VANCOUVER, B. C. W. H. ELLIS Investment Broker 1122 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. M. H. FRANKLIN CO. Beal Estate Brokers Acreage, Building Lots and Homes Phone 970 449 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. SAMUEL HARRISON ft CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. HASLETT ft WHITAXSB Beal Estate, Timber, Insurance Phone 5807 Room 2, Winch Bldg., 739 Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. LEONARD & REID Real Estate and Fire Insurance Mining Properties in Portland Canal, Hazelton and Queen Charlotte Districts PRINCE RUPERT AND STEWART, B.C. P. O. Box 247 Phone 178 T. J. POLLEY & CO. Real Estate Fire, Life and Acoident Insurance. Plate Glass Insurance. Conveyancing. Notaries. Agents for Canadian Home Investment Co. and Commercial Loan and Trust Co., Ltd. CHILLIWACK, B. C. A. H. HARMAN Real Estate 1317 Broad St. - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 HINHSON, SIDDALL & SON Real Estate and Insurance Phone 869 New Grand Theatre Bldg. 1311 Gov't St. VICTORIA, B. C. ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. IMPERIAL REALTY CO. Real Estate and Insurance 307 Loo Bldg. - VANCOUVER, B. C. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block PRINCE RUPERT, B.C. W. F. Moncreiff P. E. Townshend W. F. MONCREIFF ft CO. Real Estate and Financial Brokers Room 304, Winch Bldg. Hastings St. W. VANCOUVER, B. C. MARRIOTT ft FELLOWS Real Estate Phone 1077 134 Hastings St. - VANCOUVER, B.C. E. S. MORGAN Industrial Sites, Waterfrontage on Bur- rard Inlet, etc. Suite 47, Hutchinson Bldg. 429 Pender St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 5833. W. O. Shrumm H. Lambert THE NATIONAL REAL ESTATE Loans, Insurance Phone 6320 68 Hastings St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. PATTULO ft RADFORB Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P.O. Box 1635 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. C. PEMBERTON Real Estate and Notary Public Room 11, 707% Yates St. - Phone 1711 VICTORIA, B. C. HAMILTON & MYERS We run an up-to-date Pool Room, Bowling Alley and Snooting Gallery. We also carry a full line of Cigars, Tobaccos and Confectionery Specialties. Opposite Odd Fellows' Hall, SUMAS, ----- WASH. C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH ft SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P.O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith 4th Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. GEO. H. SMITH & ARTHUR JONES Dealers in Property in Vancouver, New Westminster and the Fraser Valley P. O. Box 165 - - - Phone 1743 VANCOUVER BROKERAGE, LTD. Real Estate and Loans 62 Hastings St. E. VANCOUVER, B. C. WESCOTT ft LETTS Real Estate and Insurance Agents Room 3, Moody Block - Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. ALFRED WILLIAMS Construction Engineer Temporary Office New Metropolitan Building Hastings St. W. - VANCOUVER, B. C. H. W. WINDLE Real Estate Broker Phone 6320 532 Granville St. - VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 815 P. O. Box 735 The City Brokerage Real Estate, Timber and Fire Insurance A. T. ABBEY, Manager 1218 Douglas St. VICTORIA, B. C. Real Estate Insurance Loans Rooming1 Houses Business Chances Collections JOHN M. PARK GOLDEN RULE BROKERAGE Phones: Office 5346 Residence 3662 1117 Granville St. Vancouver, B. C. A. SCHUMACHER Dealer In Clothing, Furnishings, Sporting Goods SUMAS, WASH. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 91 OPPORTUNITIES OPPORTUNITIES -IN TIMBER LANDS :: FARMLANDS CITY PROPERTY A REAL SNAP 40,000 acres of crown grant lands, also 33 sections of license timber limits. 950 million feet of merchantable timber. 20 thousand acres of agricultural land. The railway and river runs through the the timber. A GOOD FARM HOME Is the investment that will give employment, pay large profits and also increase in values. A HOME SITE An investment in property in a growing city is better than an old age pension. We have them — communicate with us. WE SOLICIT YOUR CORRESPONDENCE W. C. FRANKLIN T. E. POMEROY The Glasgow Real Estate Brokers PHONE 6576 20 EXCHANGE BUILDING 142 Hastings Street West, Vancouver, B. C. WRITE FOR OUR MAP AND PRICES Chas. Hutchison & Co Realty and Insurance Brokers Chilliwack, B. C. The Finest Apples in the World Are Grown In British Columbia's Famous DRY BEI/T DISTRICT THE YIEIvD IS GRESTEST and the PRICKS OBTAINED ARE THE HIGHEST JP9H YOU SHOULD LOCATE AT "SUNNYSIDE" It is in the HEART of this wonderful district and 5 ACRES of its RICH, DEEP SOIL will make you a GOOD LIVING Write for illustrated folder, ATTRACTIVE PRICES and EASIEST of TERMS to ROSS ©• SHAW 1 318 Hastings St. W. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU Vancouver, B. C. Page 46 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 IKEDA MINES, LIMITED (Non-Personal Liability) Contain all the Elements of Success IT is confidently expected that the money to be realized from the sale of $200,000 worth of shares in Ikeda Mines, Limited (non-personal liability) will develop and equip them to a shipping- capacity of 100 tons per day. Engineer's examinations, known costs of mining-, transportation, treatment and ascertained ore value indicate a profit of $10 per ton on the ore. Of course, 100 tons a day at a profit of $10 a ton would be very handsome indeed on a paid-up capitalization of $700,000. Business men don't expect such profits ordinarily, and few industries ever yield them. Once in a great while a mine will produce such dividends. That happens only when the mine contains large ore bodies, easily worked and handled in a business-like way. We don't promise investors any such profits, but we do believe we have all the elements of a successful mining proposition. Ikeda Mines, Limited, (non-personal liability) have the ore, they have the engineering ability to find it and get it out at a minimum cost, they have water transportation and they know the cost of treatment. Their ore values have been ascertained, their costs are known, the business is ably handled by a competent board of business directors. It would be harder to make a failure of the Ikeda Mines, as they are now developed, than it would be to make a moderate success of them if they were yet unproven prospects. Even a partial success should bring handsome returns on the investment. We have a booklet, "The Ikeda Mines, Limited" (non-personal liability), which will be mailed free to anyone interested. Better write or telephone the brokers to-day and pfet one. S. /. CASTLEMAN IMPERIAL BUILDING Broker for the Company VANCOUVER, B. C. Chrimes & Jukes =°* TO= Stock Brokers Members of Vancouver Stock Ezchange 513 PENDER STREET Home Estate & Trust Corporation 334 HASTINGS STREET PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 9 OPPORTUNITIES SEE OUR PROPERTY Corner of River Road and Ontario Street M The choicest thing in South Vancouver. Just placed on the market.—97 choice lots, of which 1.0 front on River Road and 33 on Ontario Street. Every lot will be cleared and graded. $550 AND UP. TERMS OVER TWO YEARS Latimer, Ney & IVLcTavish, Ltd. 419 Pender Street, Vancouver, B. C. COQUITLAM B D. L. 340 EAST HALF EAUTIFUL Subdivision on the bank of the Fraser River. Each Lot a full half acre. Equal to five 33 foot Lots. Each lot has frontage on two roads. Unsurpassed view of Mount Baker and River. C. P. R. Property adjoining. Call or write for particulars. PRICE $750.00 Each. Terms, % cash; balance 6, 12 and 18 months. HARRY BETTZ, Broker PHONE 6109 704 Robson Street Vancouver, B. C. Visitors should go to the Carlton Cafe It is the one place in town where you are absolutely certain of an exquisitely cooked and quickly served meal. Strict Attention to Detail is one of the reasons why the Carlton patronage is growing so rapidly. For instance, we insist upon absolute cleanliness in both dining room and kitchen. The service is swift, and Mr. "Jimmie" Morgan is always on hand to attend to the comfort of guests. Visit the Carlton Cafe as soon as you can. THE CARLTON CAFE Cor. Cordova and Cambie Sts., Vancouver PHONE 5728 PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERST" THANK YOU. Page 4 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 A Woman's Path to Independence Some of the best opportunities for women who desire to achieve independence lie in the new art of Dermatology. This includes Hair Dressing, Marcel Waving, Children's Hair Cutting, Shampooing, Scalp Treatments, Hair Dying and Bleaching, Manicuring, Facial Massage, Wig, Switch and Toupee Making. Women everywhere are realizing to a greater and greater degree the importance of making the most of their physical attractions. More and more are they awakening to the fact that they owe it as a duty, to themselves and to those who are interested in them to appear always at their best. For this reason the field of Dermatology is constantly expanding. Any woman who becomes an adept in the practice of this new art can feel assured of a good and steady income. The pathway in Vancouver to this fascinating and lucrative profession lies through the Canadian College of Dermatology, which is equipped with every modern appliance and has a most competent faculty. Students will be admitted after having passed an examination in reading, writing and an eyesight test. Those having a diploma from a public school or a letter of recommendation from a teacher are admitted without an examination. The necessary tools do not cost more than from ten to fifteen dollars, and these will be found useful to the practitioner after graduation. The Spring term begins on February 15th and continues for ten weeks. Graduates are in demand at good salaries. Moreover, the cost of establishing a manicure parlor, hair goods store or dermatology parlor is so small that any intelligent young woman can embark in the profession and find in it greater scope than in almost any other field which is now open to her. Please address your application to Miss EVA POWELL, Secretary The Canadian College of Dermatology, Vancouver, B. C, care MADAME HUMPHREYS 723 Pender Street W. the fairfield building VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. J 1911 OPPORTUNITIES . TALK IS CHEAP, but it is the goods that count. This house features Quality, eventually it gets the business '' You know it" "We know it.'' WESTERN SPECIALTY LIMITED STATIONERS, PRINTERS, BOOKBINDERS 314 Pender Street West Phone 5938 VANCOUVER, B. C. Mr. E. G. Parnell, 513 Hamilton Street, Vancouver, B. C. Dear Sir: We are pleased to advise we had a Victor Safe, No. 14, which went through the hottest part of the fire on Sycamore Street, starting at 2.30 on the morning of December 21st, and lasting two hundred and thirty-four hours and forty-nine minutes. This safe fell directly over a three-inch gas main which burst, and we enclose clipping which might be of use to you. The safe was taken from the ruins, opened with combination first trial and contents found intact, We are now located in our new quarters and have, of course, another Victor Safe. Yours truly, (Sgd) The TAYLOR-POOLE CO. WINDSOR PARK $125.00 H FOR AN INSIDE LOT; or $275.00 FOR A FINE DOUBLE CORNER. Terms-$20.00 Cash. Balance—$5.00 Month Just north of proposed Imperial Car Works and Dry Docks Canadian National Investors LIMITED 310 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 6488 Open Evenings MY SPELLING IS CORRECT, MY PUNCTUATION ACCURATE and MY TYPEING CAREFULLY DONE Legal Work a Specialty WINIFRED McKAY PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Phone 5523 504-5 Crown Building Vancouver, B. C. xrxixxxxTzxxxxxxxxxixxxxxrxxxxrn For the Best and Most Satisfactory Forms of Accident Insurance or Health Policies covering every form or Accident or Sickness, see our latest proposition. General Agent for B. C. for the TRAVELLERS INSURANCE COT Hartford, Conn. W, WY DRESSER 438 Pender Sl W-, VANCOUVER B. G TTTXXgXXrgXXIgTXTr rrTTTTTTTTTXTTTXXIIXTTTTTT IXXTTITIir Ladies—Be Wise Prepare for Easter Now Ostrich Feathers Cleaned, Curled and Dyed. Gorgeous French Willows made of your discarded plumes Special Prices during February. references: leading stores African Plume Parlor Suite 54, 429 Pender Street West PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 6 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 Five and Ten Acre Blocks adjoining" the proposed townsite of Gordonville in the Fort George District on very easy terms. Prices $35.00 per acre and up Write us for prospectus and information regarding- this property and the future of this •district. We are selling this land in five, seven and ten acre tracts. Small cash payment and balance over two years. ThiB photo, taken on our land, shows the luxurious growth of wild hay in this district and the fertility of tin: soil FOR PEOPLE LIVING IN ENGLAND, WE REFER THEM TO PAGE 212, FEB. NO. PEARSON'S MAGAZINE WESTERN CANADA TOWNSITES LIMITED 522 Pender Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. We are Vancouver Island Agents for the Kootenay Gold Mines Ltd. (Non-personal Liability) Formerly the Granlte-Poorman Group of Nelscn, B. 0. We have a small allotment of shares for sale at $1.00, on terms of 20% cash, 20% on allotment, 30% two months, 30% four months. We have investigated this Company and can -strongly recommend the purchase of shares at $1.00 as one of the best mining' propositions ever floated in British Columbia. Prospectus on application. O. H. BOWMAN & COMPANY Stock Brokers P. O. Box 1048 Mahon Building:, VICTORIA, B.C. Farming Opportunities CHILLIWACK is the centre of one of the finest farming districts in British Columbia. The direct Tram connection between the upper and lower Fraser Valley has greatly increased Chilliwack's shipping1 facilities and real estate, both in and around the city, is an excellent investment. My lists are complete. Write regarding investment. W. R. NELEMS Chilliwack, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN'WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 ■~] VANCOUVER, B. C, CONTENTS MARCH, 1911 Page. Editorial 11 Telling the World About the Province /. Herbert Welch 15 Investing at Long Range C. M. Burmester 15 The Potent Sugar Beet Ceo. Schumacher, Ph.D. 19 The Great Trek North 21 Dairymen Must Get Together W. A. Wilson 23 House and Home—A Home for Little Money 26 How I Acquired a Vancouver Home—A Young Newcomer 27 Vancouver's Architectural Beginning and Development. . . . G. IV. Grant 28 A Pioneer's Home Beatrice Nasmith 29 Why He Treated Her to Luncheon Ethel Grant 31 Now for the Home Garden 32 Industrial Progress in British Columbia 33 Laws Governing the Preempting of British Columbia Land 36 L. r .j VANCOUVER 31©" PENDER- W* SUITE! 30-4 TELEPHONE 8098 jj/jTAVE you ever noticed that our sf 4[ plates always make good prints. > Have you ever asked yourself why this is so ? The answer is easy. We know now to draw and design for reproduction. You must put something characteristic into your Advertising; something that tbe people will see and identity as being you and your own business. Put a trade mark on your goods and the public memory will do the rest. A trade mark is a visible manifestation of your confidence in your goods. CUTS OF ALL KINDS FOR ALL PURPOSES H. S. STUDY v. are welcomed by the folks who stayed behind. You realize this and consequently you write as often as possible BUT are you able to tell them as much about your new home as you would like to ? ^ Have you reliable information to send them, or having that, have you the time to send it? let 'Opportunities' do this for you ? It costs only one dollar a year, and will give the home folks a very much greater amount of information than could possibly be contained in letters. ^ Send us the name and address, together with $ 1.00, and the paper will be sent immediately. Opportunities Publishing Company 429 Pender Street Vancouver, B. C. J British Jflmerican trust Company, Ltd. City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 By investing now in Property adjoining and adjacent to STEEL eiTY You will receive all the advantage of the ENORMOUS RISE IN VALUES that will accrue within a few months when the Western Steel Corporation will have their great Rolling1 Mills, Blast Furnaces, etc., under construction. We have all sorts of choice snaps in Waterfrontage, Acreage and Subdivisions Fot particulars apply to KENNEDY BROS. LTD. Real Estate, Timber and Insurance Ovez Mezchant's Bank Phone 335 Cot. Columbia and Begbie Stzeets NEW WESTMINSTER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Pott Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 87, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home and abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Managing Editor HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief PAUL W. TROUSDALE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION - - $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 3 MARCH, 1911 No. 3 EDITORIAL BRILLIANT FINANCIAL OUTLOOK ^ To the many thousands who have cast their fortunes with British Columbia, or who are contemplating doing so, the industrial and financial outlook is, of course, a matter of vital importance. What we are about to say on this subject is not based so much upon our own knowledge as upon that of a British Columbia financier and industrial leader who, as the president of a leading bank and the head of a big business, is in a better position than almost any other man in this section to grasp comprehensively the fundamental business tendencies in the Province. He has informed us that, as far as his vision extends, there is not a cloud nor the suspicion of one, in our financial sky. It is quite true that just now the money market shows a slight contraction, but this is merely a temporary condition resulting from the fact that the merchants of the Northwest have been keyed a little too high in their anticipation of business and have tied up a good deal of money in stock. Another influence toward conservatism in loans on the part of the banks arises from a desire to keep a curb on speculation. The present slight tightness of the money market is one of the products of a sound banking policy, and interferes in no way whatever with the brightness and promise of the British Columbia financial situation. ^f Because of the present policy of Great Britain in the matter of taxation a vast amount of British capital is seeking investment outside of the British Isles, and English investors have been so successful in British Columbia in the past that there is not the slightest doubt about very large sums of English money being expended in increasing measure for the industrial development of this Province. The big tide of British capital which is flowing in this direction is looming up more and more conspicuously to the bankers, and there is every indication that it will move toward British Columbia for years to come. In addition to this, capitalists of the United States, Germany, and France, are looking more and more to this new land for investments which will give them larger returns on their money than can be now obtained at home. *I The obvious reason for this influx of capital is that British Columbia is yet far from full development; has many natural resources still awaiting the call of industry; and has a rapidly growing population. Capital here can still get in on the ground floor. Any business basically sound and well conducted is bound to expand in unison with the general industrial expansion. ^ Supplementing the great volume of money which is pouring in from the financial centers of the world, there will be, within the next few years, a tremendous expenditure right here at home. The Provincial Government, in public works and other progressive activities, proposes to contribute a great many millions to the arteries of trade. ^ The chief factor in the increasing industry and population in British Columbia is to be found, of course, in transportation lines. Two new transcontinental systems now have this Province as an objective point, and before another five years has passed will have linked sections of it which are now undeveloped, with the great centers. This will mean bringing to the uses of civilization vast areas of virgin country rich in the treasures of the earth; it will mean new opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people; it will mean that the wealth producing activities of British Columbia will not be confined mainly to the southern portions of the Province, as is now the case, but will be spread hundreds of miles to the north, to great expanses of territory which have thus far lain fallow. ^ The new railroad lines themselves will spend a great deal of money; the settlers they bring in will have more or less capital when they arrive, and will, in constantly increasing degree, turn the soil, the mineral deposits, the forests and other resources into wealth. {J In addition to the railroad enterprises there are numerous others of great moment. An immense amount of money will be spent in the years immediately ahead of us in monetizing British Columbia forests, fisheries, and immense reserves of minerals. The exploiting of the very extensive coal measures of the Province will engage a great deal of capital. This is true in hardly less degree of various kinds of stone for building and other purposes; of the development of gold, silver, and copper mines, and perhaps, most important of all, the utilization of iron ore, which has a tremendous potentiality in its relation to British Columbia industry in the future. ^ As to mining in general, there is every indication of the dawn of a new era of production, and of opportunities for sound investment. To particularize as to iron ore, it is worth while to mention the fact that a powerful corporation of British capitalists has matured plans and has closed options on a tract of land on the Fraser River for the purpose of establishing there an industry which will supply the North-west with Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 steel and, after the completion of the Panama Canal, will be able to compete with steel mills, wherever located, for business in the markets of the world. The iron ore will be mined within comparatively easy reach of the mills on the Fraser River, which will be devoted for the time being to supplying Canada with steel products. All of the British Columbia iron ore, however, will not be converted into steel at the Fraser River mills. A considerable portion of the raw material will be sent south across the international boundary to be made into steel at Irondale, at which point it will be shipped to the markets of the United States and will enter into a competition with the mills at Pittsburg, which, as is well known, have been the principal source of the prosperity of one of the richest cities on earth. But right here in Canada the Fraser River mills will have a big and steadily expanding market. In British Columbia for instance, about one thousand tons of steel a month are used. With the wonderful building and industrial operations now in progress, this demand is growing monthly. When the mills in question have been well established there is no doubt that they will employ at least five thousand people and thus will in themselves constitute the nucleus for a thriving city. And yet the product of these mills will not, for any great length of time, be restricted to the Canadian market. The completion of the Panama Canal will bring shipping facilities which will make it entirely practicable to ship the product of the Fraser River mills to the markets of Europe and the East, as well as to those of the Atlantic Coast of North America. Hence there is promise that on the Fraser River will be developed one of the greatest steel industries the world has yet seen. The Pittsburg mills will no longer be able to control the markets for the reason that those in British Columbia will have the advantage of closer proximity to the iron ore, and cheaper fuel. The cost of labor, too, will probably be no greater here than it is in Pennsylvania, and even if it should be, it will be offset by the advantages mentioned above. So it is that there is a brilliant prospect of an immense industry being added, within a reasonable time, to the British Columbia list. ^ With capital coming in from many sources, and with a constantly growing exploitation of our natural riches, it seems to be safe to say that the next decade in British Columbia will see here larger wealth per capita than any other section of the continent or the world. {J It will be seen from this that the great and growing prosperity of British Columbia is not a boom, but is based on no less a substantial foundation than vast natural wealth which is still in the inception of its development. There will be, of course, a local ebbing and flowing of real estate and other valuations, but the big current will be steadily in the direction of higher and more staple prices. For this reason legitimate real estate investment, as distinguished from feverish speculation, is sound investment. This is true of all business projects which are backed up by enterprise, honesty and common sense. ^f Upon the completion of the railroads it is natural to expect, after the strenuous beginnings, a period of rest, of general readjustment to conditions based less upon expectation and more upon actualities. This period always comes sooner or later in the history of a big city which has developed rapidly. It has been seen in Winnipeg, and apparently has arrived in Seattle. But by the time such cities as Vancouver and Victoria will be subsiding from the business impetus due to railroad development, the Panama Canal will enter the situation with fresh promise for the future. It may, therefore, be predicted that for a considerable number of years to come the business situation in British Columbia will be enlivened not only by actual achievements, but also by anticipation based on fresh developments. Eventually the stimulating and inspiring factors will be to a considerable extent eliminated, and then our business people will have to reckon the things as they are, instead of being buoyed up as conspicuously as they now are by the promise of the future. They will have to get down to a "bread and butter" basis. But this period is still a long way ahead. Meanwhile there will be plenty of time for those who are alert to make the most of the forward strides of British Columbia, and grow in prosperity with the general expansion. A NEW ERA FOR THE COAST tfl Along all of the vast stretch of Pacific Coast from Prince Rupert to San Diego, in the southern end of California, there is great optimism and expectancy. The people are looking forward to an era of progress and prosperity greater than any which the coast has ever yet seen. The reason is that the sections of the continent that used to be called the "wild and woolly West" have already been so thoroughly exploited that the Eastern and European seekers for new opportunities are gazing beyond these sections to the coast, which, with the continuous development of commerce on the Pacific Ocean, is bound to see a greater and greater concentration of industry and population. The Panama Canal will prove a wonderful factor in the growth of Pacific trade, and, whether we are Canadians or Americans, we owe a tribute to. Theodore Roosevelt for the great impetus he gave, as President of the United States, to the completion of this epoch-making enterprise. It will probably stimulate the growth of Vancouver in even greater degree than that of the cities beyond the boundary. The point of this brief dessertation is that the Pacific Coast gives every indication of showing a more rapid development during the years immediately ahead of us than any other section of the world, and that the coast cities of British Columbia promise to respond to this general development in more pronounced degree than any other cities. IS THE CONSUMER WORTH CONSIDERING? ^ It would take a man with a wonderful eye for penetrating the mists of the future to predict with any accuracy as to the ultimate effect upon Canada of the reciprocity agreement between the Dominion and the United States. But the menace of the immediate effects seems, as the days pass, to grow less dark. For instance, some of the leading authorities in the fruit, fishing and lumber industries of British Columbia have announced, after careful thought, that the effect of reciprocity on these industries will not be disastrous. Some of the bankers have made bold to say that, with broader markets, the general financial situation will be made even better than it already is. Some English statesmen of high patriotism and ability have shown much less fear than has been shown in Canada that reciprocity with the United States is an insidious attack upon the Empire. Everybody who has any knowledge of the characteristic manoeuvres of politicians in the United States Congress to make political capital and to gain personal publicity, knows that the annexation talk of Champ Clark, the Democratic leader, was a half-humorous and wholly transparent ruse to hamper the reciprocity efforts of President Taft. Mr. Clark did not expect to be taken seroiusly in the United States, and was not. He evidently hoped that in Canada he might stir up something," and to some extent this hope was realized, but the flurry is subsiding. The reciprocity question has been somewhat clouded by extraneous smoke, which, by degrees, is lifting. It is a business question. We don't pretend to be wise enough to venture an opinion on its ultimate effect upon the development of Canada, but one of its first tendencies will be to help the consumer, who, despite his serious cost of living problem, has hardly been mentioned in all this war of words. OPPORTUNITIES Vol. III. HUTCHINSON BLOCK. VANCOUVER, B. C, MARCH, 1911. No. 3 Telling the World About the Province Publicity Work which is Helping to Swing to British Columbia One of History's Big Migrations By J. Herbert Welch C-HRISTOPHER COLUMBUS was the Western Hemisphere's first publicity agent; but the art of publicity has made progress since the days of the discovery of America, and it is probable that the small group of publicity men in British Columbia reach in a single day more people than Columbus and his followers population on the face of the earth, are giving rise and direction to tides of emigration, are changing the destinies of a~ multitude of people. The fact is now well recognized that the city or section which has anything to offer to newcomers can increase its population most expeditiously by systematic publicity. This has been amply proved paratively virgin land of British Columbia. For many years citizens of the Province have been spreading information by letter and word of mouth, but only recently has the work ceased to be haphazard. There has been a big awakening to the value of well organized publicity, and now the story of British Columbia is being told by men who have r*riti§. '&0&gji$& WATER SPORTS ARE AMONG THE MANY OUT-DOOR PLEASURES AT THE CAPITAL reached in a lifetime with their stories of a new land. There is nothing spectacular about publicity work itself, but in its results there is much which is impressive. The busy publicity man absorbed in work in a humdrum office might be a shoe-string manufacturer, as far as appearances go, but he is sending broad-cast through the world tidings of new opportunities. The tappings of his typewriter are shifting in the prairie provinces of Canada, and in the west and south of the United States. A tome would be required to describe the many methods of attracting population to communities and regions. Some of these methods have been more picturesque than permanently effective. It is enough to say that the most reliable of them are now being employed in telling the world in general all about the resources and opportunities. in this corn- made a specialty of peopling new lands through the medium of the photograph and written word. One of the most important moves toward systematic publicity in British Columbia was made in January, 1909, when the Victoria Board of Trade invited various communities on Vancouver Island to hold public meetings and appoint delegates to meet in Victoria for the purpose of forming an associa- Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 19 DR. ELLIOTT S. ROWE tion for the development of Vancouver Island. The first meeting was held on January 22nd, 1909, with Colonel E. C. Prior, former Premier of British Columbia, in the chair. A number of eloquent addresses were made on the subject of Vancouver Island resources and the need of getting more people to develop them. The upshot of the meeting was the organization of the Vancouver Island Development League, with branch leagues on Vancouver Island in the following districts: Alberni, Bamfield, Port Alberni, Clayoquot, Colwood, Cumberland, Duncan, East Wellington, Holberg, Ladysmith, Nanaimo, Nootka, North Saanich, Oak Bay, Port Renfrew, Quatsino, San Josef, Shawnigan, Sooke, Ucluelet, Victoria. While each of these districts has its own organization, all put their shoulders to the wheel as a harmonious unit for the peopling and development of Vancouver Island. No section or community is exploited to the detriment of any other. Though citizens of Victoria have paid the greater part of the expenses of the league, it is operated for the island as a whole. To keep all of the districts, each with its special interest, pulling in the same direction, has been a task of delicacy, but it has been successfully accomplished. The Vancouver Island Development League has already gained the reputation of being one of the most effective publicity organizations on the continent. In numerous ways it obtains publicity for Vancouver Island. From its office in Victoria is sent out every day literature which is convincingly written and handsomely illustrated, and which anticipates almost every question that could occur to a prospective settler. But the mailing of printed literature is merely the beginning of the work. Most of those contemplating a move to Vancouver Island want information touch ing specifically upon their individual requirements, and so they write. During the winter months twenty or thirty letters a day are answered. As spring approaches the number increases until the secretary is confronted each morning with a pile of letters averaging forty or fifty and sometimes mounting as high as seventy-five. These letters are, in the main, the first fruits of the League's advertisements, which, in newspapers and other mediums, are spread over the world in the following proportion: Canada, fifty per cent.; United States in .general, fifteen per cent.; Pacific Coast, ten per cent.; British Isles, fifteen per cent.; South America, five per cent.; Orient, five per cent. It is probable during the League's next fiscal year, which begins in April, some advertising will be placed in Scan- danavian countries in the hope of attracting some of their people who, as it is well known, make particularly desirable settlers in farming districts. That this advertising and the publicity work in general is not confined to the countries or sections to which it is specially directed, but perculates through the world, is indicated by the fact that letters of inquiry come from numerous other regions, some of which are remote and inhabited in only slight degree by English speaking people. The letters are all answered. People who seemed to be fitted for the conditions here are advised to come. Others are advised to stay away. The results of the work can already be seen in the taking up of some one hundred and thirty-five homesteads by heads of families who were first attracted to Vancouver Island by potent words from the League. The officers of the latter take pride in the fact that all who have come at their suggestion have been workers, useful citizens who are able and willing to add their quota to the wealth of the community. More of this kind have announced plans for casting their fortunes with the Island this spring, and the constantly increasing number of letters is convincing evidence that a greater and greater number are turning their eyes and hopes in this direction. These people are wealth producers. The value to Vancouver Island of those who have already been drawn there by the League is in multples of the expenditure. This has amounted so far to about twelve thousand dollars a year, with a cash balance of several hundred dollars on the right side of the ledger. Among the progressive citizens who have supported this excellent work are Col. E. G. Prior, J. J. Shallcross, H. O. Wilson, Chas. H. Lugrin, Simon Leizer, Joshua A. Kingham, A. W. McCurdy, A. E. Todd, John Nelson, Herbert Kent, W. J. Sutton, J. A. Sayward, George Coldwell, Geo. Mitchell, Jas. Thomson, A. Gonnason, W. T. Williams, R. W. Perry, Anton Henderson, Andermen McKeown and Sargison. The publicity man of the organization is Ernest McGaffey, who was a lawyer in Chicago for ten years and has had a long newspaper training. When Mr. McGaffey was appointed secretary of the League at the time of its formation he devoted himself for several weeks to learning as much as possible about Vancouver Island, and went about this task just as does a trained writer when he takes a big assignment from an editor. He made a trip over the island, and because numerous parts of it are still in a state of nature he had adventure. Some of his experiences were like those of an explorer, and were such that fall to the lot of few publicity men. The tour, together with what he has learned since he took it, has inspired Mr. McGaffey with enthusiasm based on fact. This output of literature is preeminently practical and truthful, but it has a glow. Sometimes it becomes poetical. There is no special desire in writing this to laud Mr. McGaffey's publicity work. It is a wholly unbiased opinion which prompts the statement that some of his writings, and particularly his poems, would have given him a high reputation in the realm of pure literature if he had devoted himself exclusively to this. As it is he has had five or six volumes of poems published by two of the best publishing houses on the continent. But Mr. McGaffey is making poetry the hand maiden of publicity. He feels that the pointing out of real opportunities and the swinging of tides of population is bigger work than the mtr^ stirring of poetic sensibilities. The publicity work for Vancouver Island has been mentioned first because FRANK L. CLARKE 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Pase 13 ERNEST McGAFFEY it has, as yet, the most comprehensive organization. That which is conducted by the Tourist Association of the City of Vancouver is no less important. It is supported by leading citizens, and, under the direction of Doctor Rowe as secretary, issues a monthly magazine and pictorial annual, and sends to other sections a great amount of information in letters and booklets. Vancouver is on a great highway of travel, and people from many parts of the world stop at the offices of the Tourist Association and glean accurate details as to British Columbia opportunities for settlers and investors. Doctor Rowe brought to his publicity work in British Columbia a long experience in the pulpit. He came to this Province from Toronto about twelve years ago and was pastor of the Metropolitan Church at Victoria for four years. Since coming to Vancouver he has become the guiding spirit in the Tourist Association and has materially enlarged its scope. It does not confine its activities to Vancouver; it reaches to many parts of the world for settlers and investors. It is a sort of unofficial substation of the Government's bureau of information at Victoria, and distributes a large amount of government literature pertaining to the Province. Perhaps its most important achievement was that during the Alaska-Yukon Exhibition at Seattle, when, by means of a stately arch in one of Seattle's main thoroughfares, an office in a centrally located building and a wide distribution of literature about British Columbia, it brought the Province very conspicuously and effectively to the attention of many thousands of prosperous people who visited the exhibition. This work was under the direct supervision of Dr. Rowe, and cost about twenty thousand dollars. The returns have had a value far exceeding this amount. This cam paign has been a leading influence in causing a considerable number of people to either settle or invest here, and in general has proved excellent advertising for Vancouver and British Columbia. Doctor Rowe is now busy on a British Columbia booklet which will be circulated in California at the end of the tourist season there with a view to attracting to the Province the attention of the large number of people who are prosperous enough to seek out in the winter the benign California climate. The Southern Pacific Railway has promised to cooperate with Doctor Rowe in obtaining California publicity for British Columbia. Another important plan of Doctor Rowe is to start late in the spring on a trip through the Province. In the various centers he will endeavor to stimulate publicity work and to obtain a more unified action among all of them in promoting British Columbia interests. After visiting the principal cities and towns he will journey east and in the big cities will talk British Columbia to everybody interested. A part of his plan is to deliver illustrated lectures on the opportunities here. The doctor feels that interviews are very much more effective than mere correspondence, and that much good will come of these face to face meetings with the people of the East. Another important publicity activity in British Columbia is being carried on in New Westminster by Mr. Charles Stuart- Wade, who is publicity commissioner for the City of New Westminster, and is organizing a federation of the various municipalities in the Fraser Valley with a view to concentrated effort in the direction of bringing the valley to the attention of a great number of people who, through mixed farming and other enterprises, would find prosperity here. In forming the association Mr. Wade has for his primary object a plan to obtain unified work in publicity for the Fraser Valley. It is well recognized that some of the greatest agricultural possibilities in British Columbia lie in the fertile lands which reach away from the Fraser River; it is also felt by the people of the valley that the world should know of the openings here for success in agriculture. The publicity work which Mr. Wade is conducting and planning has an importance beyond the valley for the reason that to this particularly productive section the big and rapidly growing city of Vancouver is looking for food necessaries. While there is already considerable farming in the valley, there must be much more if Vancouver is not to depend largely upon sections outside of the Province for many of the necessities of life. The publicity work of the New West minster office will be considerably extended with the completion of the organization of the federation, but it already has a broad scope. The mail brings in a daily stream of letters. A recent casual glancing at those on the top of a big pile on the commissioner's desk revealed the fact that they represented an almost world-wide interest in the Fraser Valley. For instance, in addition to numerous letters from London and other sections of the British Isles, there were a considerable number of letters from various parts of the United States, a letter from Central America, one from the Argentine Republic, one from Paris, one from South Africa, several from Australia and New Zealand, one from Italy, one from Mexico, and one from Cuba. When it is remembered that letters of similar kind from equally scattered parts of the world come in daily to most of the publicity offices in the Province, it will be seen that the eyes of the world are turned to British Columbia, and that many people are centering here their hopes for the future. The bringing in of settlers, however, is by no means the full extent of the plans of Mr. Stuart-Wade. He is keenly alive to the defects in the present system of marketing the agricultural products of the Fraser Valley. He knows well that the growers now are more or less at the mercy of middlemen and buyers at a distance, and that if agriculture in the valley is to yield adequate profits, it must be organized. To improve the marketing facilities he proposed to form a farmer's cooperative association, in which the farmers will in a measure be protected against aggressive competition among CHARLES STUART-WADE Page 14 themselves, against the grasping tendencies of middlemen, and also against the losses incurred through the deterioration of ripe fruit. This latter difficulty of the farmers he proposes to obviate by the establishment of a factory for making jams and other products of fruit which is too advanced in ripeness for shipping, and which, under present conditions, is a total loss. Mr. Wade's plan offers the solution to a difficult problem, but is not easy of accomplishment for the reason that farmers find it hard to eliminate jealousies and to work in harmony for the good of all. The commissioner realizes the obstacles in his path, but these, instead of discouraging him, are giving him a OPPORTUNITIES perity to this northern community of Alberta. Another publicity man whose work is of great value is Mr. Frank I. Clark, chief of the bureau of information of the Provincial Government. Part of Mr. Clark's work is to prepare and publish the various books of information issued each year by the Government. These books are numerous. They are well written and well edited, and are eloquent with facts about the resources of the Province. During 1910, books, bulletins, maps, folders and so forth were sent out from the Bureau of Information to the number of nearly five hundred thousand. They have reached millions of readers, and have had an effect which is indicated 1911 riages and divorce in British Columbia, to tell widows as to the opportunities here for increasing their incomes, to inform army officers retired on half pay as to whether or not they can more effectively retain their positions in society and lead lives of leisure in British Columbia than in England with their restricted incomes. Aside from its importance, publicity work in British Columbia reveals many new vistas into human nature and its needs. In addition to these sources of publicity there are numerous others in young communities such as Prince Rupert and Stewart; in thriving cities like Nelson; and in other municipalities and sections, which are engaging more and more VANCOUVER CROWD AT LAURIER RECEPTION greater impetus in his work. He feels that whether or not it is carried to a successful culmination by himself and his friends, they will at least have started it. Like Dr. Rowe and Mr. McGaffey and the other publicity men, Mr. Stuart- Wade is one of the busiest men in British Columbia, and also like most of them, his work in the Province is by no means his first experience in publicity. After coming from England and previous to coming to British Columbia, he was a citizen of Edmonton, and devoted much energy to telling the world in general about the city of his adoption. It is well known that his activity in this direction was an important influence in attracting population and bringing pros- to some extent by the letters which flow into the office of the Bureau in an increasing stream. In 1906 there were 9,280 of these letters; in 1907, 16,920; in 1908, 26,974; in 1909, 38,089; in 1910, 47,309. In addition to the literature and the replies to letters, Mr. Clark supplies a great number of photographs to publications, lantern slides, and even moving picture films to lecturers who have made British Columbia the theme of talks on the natural resources of the earth. The letters received by Mr. Clark, like those which pour into the other publicity offices, reflect a great variety of hopes and ambitions. There are appeals to find missing relatives, to give information on such intimate matters as mar- actively in the work of telling the world at large what they have to offer to settlers and investors. Thus it is that the people of the globe are being put m touch in greater and greater fullness with British Columbia. The output of literature carries weight because the people who make contributions to it believe what they write. They feel that they are doing helpful work, not only for their communities but also for people in older sections where opportunities are fewer and more difficult to handle. Thus it is that the tremendous outpouring of words about British Columbia is having a very potent effect, is swinging in this direction one of the biggest migrations in history. 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 15 Investing at Long Range Doubts which Assail the Old Countryman Desiring a Share of British Columbia Wealth By C. M. Burmester EN MILLION POUNDS are to be spent in British Columbia within the next four years on railway construction alone. Ten million pounds more are to be spent by the British Columbia Government on reproductive public works within the same period. At a safe and conservative estimate six million pounds more will be invested during that time in timber areas, coal fields, and the fisheries. The population of the Province will be doubled during the next four years. This statement does not, however, include the millions of pounds which will certainly be spent on municipal and federal undertakings within this time. In addition to these great expenditures it is known that the Dominion Government at Ottawa is about to spend very large sums on various public works in the Province. The foregoing is the gist of a statement recently made by the Prime Minister of British Columbia in which, however, the dollars have been translated into pounds for the benefit of English readers. It must be admitted that it conveys but very little to the imagination of the small investor at home who is accustomed to very large figures, but who always discounts them when they come from what he still frequently calls "America." That 325,000 immigrants arrived this year in Winnipeg alone, of whom no fewer than 75,000 were Brit ishers, is merely of tepid interest to him, and thrills almost as little as the fact that the Canadian Government gave away in the last two years to homesteaders an area equal to the State of Illinois. This kind of statistical bombardment arouses only a momentary interest and by its continuance defeats its own object. Something more than figures are needed to arouse the home investor's imagination, which is, after all, the main point. Of more interest is the statement of the fact that towns are being born at the rate of one a month in Alberta. This does convey something to the home investor, who, however, is speedily reminded by pessimistic friends of "bubble" American cities. The truth is that the average small investor at home cannot believe that large profits are compatible with safety. He has been too often bitten, and, furthermore, it takes him years of hard and patient labor before he can save even only a very few pounds. Here is where we must exercise our imagination. We must put ourselves in his shoes if we possibly can. As a matter of fact, the attitudes of the putative investor at home and his friend in British Columbia are, really, mutually antagonistic. The probable investor in the Old Country considers that he should be courted, and regards it as a great favor should he signify his trust by sending his capital so far oversea for investment. On the other hand we here, knowing full well that we can safely make for him certain profits infinitely larger than he can hope to expect from investments in England, resent what we call his dilatory and suspicious attitude. In fact, we consider that we are doing him quite a favor by giving him the chance of a lifetime. What appeals to the man at home is something which affects him or someone whom he knows. The interest must be of local application in his eyes. Directly he hears that Johnny Jones, who was formerly at the same school with him, has retired from business after four or five years' work, on a fortune of £10,000, he is impressed, but in all probability puts it down to marvellous good luck. Here I may mention what at first sight seems an anomally. As a rule the last people to believe in you are your own relatives, who refuse to believe that little Johnny or Charley, who, as a boy, used to rob their orchards or break their windows, is now in a position to win them a dead safe ten per cent, on their money. The fact of the matter is that they resent, almost as a personal affront, the fact that little Johnny should have been so abnormally successful. If you tell them the address of a friend for whom you have made a hundred per cent, profit, they will straight-way write to that friend to see how far you are lying. ENGLISH BAY ELECTRIC LIGHTS, SUPPLIED BY A HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL COMPANY OF BRITISH CAPITALISTS Page 16 OPPORTUNITIES 19 ■ESE35 A VICTORIA FLOUR MILL How, indeed, are we to appeal to the intelligent optimism (if it exists) at home and make the people there realize that a world migration is now taking place? The answer is—by being ourselves successful. Nothing succeeds like success. By our own success we must give proof, the most convincing kind of proof, that we can also help them to succeed. The writer knows of a very interesting case of a man who, a few weeks ago, wrote to his lawyers at home to sell a certain property at a big sacrifice. He told them he was prepared to sell at a loss, if necessary, of fifty per cent, because he well knew that he would make up that loss in a year or less. The lawyers, who are most honorable gentlemen, were, as the writer happens to know, appalled at what they considered sheer folly. Another instance is a joke at the writer's own expense. A friend in England wrote saying that the writer's letters to him read like a romance. Somewhat nettled, the writer replied with a letter which reiterated in categorical terms his reasons for his statements. Judge then the writer's amusement when he received, practically by return of post, the following letter: "Dear Mr. B , You will smile I know before you get to the end of this letter. I think my own attitude of mind was, first that you might be of an over sanguine temperament, and secondly that the old maxim of high interest meaning great risk still holds good . . . And now, after all this, you will smile, as I have said, to learn that since your letter arrived, I have actually ventured on the purchase of 20 acres of land in British Columbia! ... I got into communication with the agency in London, whose lecturer was , with the above result." Yet even when one's friends have made a timid and preliminary essay by sending usually a very small sum, the battle is only half won. In the first instance they send as little as possible and thereby make it doubly hard for the investor to make them a really good profit. Everyone knows that "money breeds money," and that the larger the sum for investment the bigger and the better are the chances. Still, as stated, on receipt of the investment funds the battle is only half won, for, as sure as the sun rises, so sure it is that the friends of the unhappy investor will at once start twitting him with his rank folly in sending money far beyond his control. The investor is then at once seized with an attack of the painful disease known as "cold feet." The infection particularly attacks a certain class of people, namely, investors who have sent their money to far distant lands for investment by friends of whose honesty there can be absolutely no possible question. It only attacks these investors at certain periods and at certain intervals. The first attack is almost invariably a mild one and takes the form of a slight twinge of doubt as to the capacity of the absolutely trustworthy friend. The twinge is nearly always "contracted." By this I mean that the disease in question is infectious. The infection is conveyed in several ways. 1 have known a peculiarly violent attack set in as the result of an incredulous sniff by a pessimistic third party. Too often the attacks are induced by a process known as wilful inoculation. This process is the most deadly because it is invariably administered by someone who formerly lived in British Columbia and who is now living in England, resting on his former laurels and posing as a "man of British Columbian experience." Crowned by the halo of an "old-timer," he gurgles lugubriously about the Ross- land smash and the bubble cities of the California rush, and darkly reminds you that history inevitably repeats itself. He needs but to sniff a disdainful sniff and at once an erstwhile happy and confident investor is infected with doleful doubtings. Generally speaking, your home investor waits patiently for about three or four months after sending out his money. At least what happens is that, during this period he refuses to give way to the twinges of doubt that assail him. Be- seiged on all sides by joyous pessimists who gloatingly remind him of his folly in investing in property which he cannot see, he nevertheless stoutly resists. They, for their part, count with confidence on being able to say "I told you so," and are revelling in the prospect of impending disaster—for their friend. Job's comforters all, they finally break down the stout barrier of the investor's confidence in his overseas agent and this is the sort of letter which he reluctantly writes: "Dear Sir,—Of course I know you are doing the very best you can for me, and I know, of course, that you will be careful not to put my money into anything which would not turn out well, but " (here you can fill in for yourself all the expressions of doubt, uncertainty and alarm which would naturally assail you if you. had been similarly infected by malicious Job's comforters.) The only antidote to these attacks is some conclusive proof of a successful investment. In other words, the actual receipt of a few dividends will at once arrest the progress of the disease which, as subsequent dividends are received, gradually grows less pronounced and finally disappears. The point of this little essay is to prove, first, how difficult it is to win the confidence .of an oversea investor who refuses to associate ten per cent, interest with anything else than extreme risk, and second, to show, even when that confidence has been established, upon what a slender thread it depends. The following actual instance will probably be of interest. I have already referred to the man who, lacking the pluck and grit of the pioneer, left British Columbia a year or two ago and returned to England. In most cases this man has succeeded in obtaining some small billet of five or six hundred a year in England, probably entirely through family influence. "Prima facie" he was no success out here, or else he would have done as the successful pioneers have done; (they have practically all been successful) he would have made a tidy fortune in this Province. The fact that he is now another man's servant in England at a salary is the natural corollary of his failure to win a position of sturdy independence out here. Yet this is the man, with a few striking exceptions, maybe, who, now that British Columbia is in the lime-light, finds himself invested with ephemeral authority. This is the man who poses, in turn, as a timber expert, a real estate valuator, a fishery expert, and a financial critic. E911 OPPORTUNITIE Page 17 As everyone knows, the first thing which one's friends do is to take one's propositions round to a man of this sort, who in most cases promptly and tersely proceeds to damn them. This sounds like a sweeping statement, but I feel sure that all the large British Columbia financial firms could, if they wished, compile an exceedingly interesting and comprehensive list of first-class propositions which have been referred to corporations and investors in England, every single one of which has at one time or another been "turned down" (refused) in the Old Country, and all of which have subsequently proved extremely successful. On the other hand, it would be foolish to deny that there are eminent experts in England whose criticism is valuable and whose reputation both for fearlessness and impartiality is such that Vancouver firms who have really genuine propositions would be the first to seek their judgment and to loyally abide by their decisions. Great men like Lord Milner, always welcome criticism, but insist that the criticism shall be constructive, not destructive. The following is a verbatim extract from a letter written by a gentleman in England whose report had been invited (not by the' writer of this essay) on a certain proposition: "I quite see how an enthusiastic man on the spot gets carried away by the potentialities of this scheme or that, and indeed, when I was in British Columbia myself I constantly thought I had found excellent chances. In the cold light of six thousand miles distance these schemes are apt to look very different." The first question that naturally arises is, why did this gentleman not have the courage at any rate of one of his previous convictions? Why did he leave British Columbia instead of remaining and numbering himself among the scores, nay, hundreds, of wealthy and successful pioneers who to-day are the political and social rulers of this Province? Indeed, seeing that on his own admission he had the perspicuity to find (or think he had found) excellent chances, we in British Columbia can only deplore the heavy loss which this Province has sustained by the premature departure of one whose judgment is now so much in demand at home. The second question is, has he any pet proposition of his own to push forward, or, in other words, is he directly or indirectly an agent of an opposition firm? In four cases out of ten the answer to that question is in the affirmative. Nor will we quarrel with his description of "the cold light of six thousand miles distance," save to point out that several hundred thousand immigrants, who conceivably are in their right senses, are yearly hastening to remove themselves from its baleful and chilly influence. Another point is that it requires considerable courage to endorse another man's scheme, however promising it may look, merely because, should failure result, the responsibility will inevitably be pinned on the expert adviser. This last point in particular, the home investor should be careful to remember when he invites a report by a third party with "British Columbian Experience." It may be remarked that the scheme alluded to above is now a successful and going concern, though as yet on a small scale. There is another class of critics to whom people in the Old Country at times fly for advice, namely, the man from Eastern Canada. It is all the same to an Englishman whether a man has spent his lifetime, or at any rate the last ten or twenty years, in New Brunswick, Manitoba, the Queen Charlotte Islands, or the Mackenzie River District. It is enough for him that a Canadian comes from Canada, and the word "Canadian" is considered as proving him to be a competent judge (at three thousand and more miles distance) of conditions which he has never seen and which he cannot possibly understand. Your Old Countryman little realizes that many Eastern Canadians know little or nothing of the country we'st of Winnipeg. Englishmen will agree that it is folly to expect the BRITISH COLUMBIA FRUIT IS BECOMING A SOURCE OF WEALTH Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 Swiss peasant to be aware of the conditions prevailing in Norway or on the Welsh border, but they have no hesitation in accepting as gospel the ultimatum of a man from Halifax, Ottawa, or Quebec on a business proposal emanating from New Westminster or Nanaimo. It will be news to many people in the Old Country that many Eastern Canadians are glad to receive five per cent, on their money in first-class safe investments. Indeed, an Eastern Canadian informed me the other day that he had several relatives, all well-to-do and all satisfied with local investments bringing in 3 per cent, per annum. He averred that they had no idea they could get a safe 8 per cent, or 10 per cent, in Edmonton, Calgary, or Vancouver. Perhaps the fact which strikes one most forcibly on arrival in the West is the readiness of even perfect strangers to discuss business propositions with you. Whereas, in England, elaborate introductions and credentials are necessary, out in the West of Canada an important and remunerative business transaction may be decided upon in a barber's shop oi on board a steamer between parties who are entire strangers to each other. In England the first question asked, and asked with very considerable emphasis, is, "Who is he?" Your origin, parentage, and past career are carefully examined, and when all these enquiries have been thoroughly satisfied, your Englishman at last turns to the proposition, which, until then, has acted the part of the unlucky ball room wall flower. Not so with your American. Your respectability or otherwise is to him. a a matter of no concern. He prides nim- self on being able to detect a scoundrel on sight. His only interest, and that is a keen search-light kind of interest, is for the proposition. Is it a money-maker or not? That is the question he asks himself. Whether the slow and cautious method of the Englishman is, in the long run, the better method, is a moot point. In England, where good things are extremely rare and only fall to the lot of the wealthy man or the company promoter, there can be no doubt that the English method is the only possible one. In Western Canada, where splendid opportunities are within the grasp of every intelligent man with experience of the country, the English method is a money loser, unless combined with an un-English rapidity of decision and promptitude of action. It should not, however, be forgotten that a growing and fierce jealousy is now manifesting itself through a section of the European Press. Many are the capitalists and others who, having interests elsewhere, view with a vindictive alarm the beginning of a tendency on the part of small home investors to sell out their stock and invest the proceeds in Western Canada. This is a fact which the small investor forgets when he reads some sensational and wholly untrue newspaper paragraph condemning Canada and things Canadian. In the long run truth must win and the vapid outpourings of a few Fleet Street penny-a- liners must be discounted to a very great extent. That these are largely inspired by capitalists and persons whose little schemes are not attracting their former supplies of funds, cannot for one moment be doubted. Canada can absorb and pay a sound rate of interest on billions more capital, and the sooner British investors wake up to this fact the better for them. Only recently there has been a systematic campaign in the German press against Canadian investments! There is no smoke without at least a little fire, and no doubt the campaign has some justification. Too many undigested and often fraudulent schemes have been sent to Europe, with the inevitable result that investments in Canadian undertakings have got a bad name in Germany and elsewhere. Time will, of course, remedy this, but the result is unfortunate for those who are genuinely anxious to enable their friends at home to participate in the countless glorious opportunities of investment in British Columbia, which the next twenty years and more will undoubtedly continue to afford. VANCOUVER ISLAND INDUSTRIES 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 The Potent Sugar Beet Is Waiting for the Call to Bring Great Riches from British Columbia Soil By George Schumacher, Ph. D. DURING the last century no plant has received so much attention and has been improved upon to such an extent as the sugar beet. From a wild plant with a small percentage of sugar we have a plant to-day of which no seeds are marketable unless the grower can guarantee them to be raised from beets containing not less than 21 per cent, of The reason is simple. There are in Europe to-day more than fifteen hundred sugar beet plants in operation, employing more than three thousand carefully trained chemists who have to devote their time to the manufacture of sugar, and the manufacture of sugar begins in the beet. Agricultural chemists of all countries working in the interests of all other plants are in number only a fraction of the scientific helpers of the sugar beet. No other plant is so well studied and so well known by the farmers in certain countries, and in some other countries no plant is so little known and has had to overcome such a mountain of prejudice in its introduction. The importance of the sugar beet and the sugar beet industry is evident in glancing at the following figures: England imports per year about five million tons of wheat and about one million, eight hundred thousand tons of sugar. The value of the sugar imported into England is nearly equal to the value of the wheat. Of this one million, five hundred thousand tons is beet sugar and two hundred and ninety thousand tons is cane sugar. England gets her wheat from Canada, United States, Argentine, Australia and India, and therefore from a large area, but gets seventy-five per cent, of her sugar from a comparatively small country, namely, Germany. This country imports the lower priced beet in large quantities and exports the higher priced sugar. The exporting power of agricultural Germany becomes evident when these figures are studied. The sole object of culture of the sugar beet is not, or should not be, the production of sugar. Its great value as feed for cattle should be always taken- into consideration. Sugar is composed of water and carbonic acid, which ingred- (Agricultural Series No. 4) ients are taken from the air. What the sugar beet takes from the ground goes back to the farmer as a nourishing, useful feed in the form of pulp. Sugar pulp has a food value equal to corn ensilage. In the sugar beet the farmer has a crop which he can sell at a higher price than other crops, and which he can use, nevertheless, as feed for his cattle, hogs, etc., and which he can, therefore, convert into milk, butter, beef, bacon, eggs and manure. The pulp can be dried and will keep in this condition for many years. Sugar beets will grow on sandy, clayish or black soil, or on peaty land, provided always that the land is properly prepared, is well drained, and does not contain more than ten per cent, stones. The beets should be slender, all in the ground, and have outlines and dimensions as shown in the accompanying photograph of a perfect sugar beet. The land should be ploughed in the autumn ten or twelve inches deep, and should contain the plantfood needed in the right proportions. No advice can be given as to how much fertilizer or manure is required unless the soil is analysed before. As a rule, the soil in the Fraser Valley needs liming. No burnt lime should be used. It is very expensive and it has no advantage over crushed lime rock. The best lime is the spent lime of the sugar beet factory, which is always at the disposal' of the growers of the beet. The lime is best put in the ground in the spring, when the land requires harrowing, rolling, and so forth. The seed should be planted between the end of March and the end of May, according to locality, and in' as narrow rows as possible. The beet should stand, ultimately, twelve to eighteen inches apart between the rows, and eight to twelve inches in the rows. The more space the beet has the larger the growth of the individual beet, but this means, of course, a smaller tonnage per acre, and a lower percentage of sugar. This last consideration is important, because most sugar factories pay on a basis of the percentage of sugar per ton. The seed can be drilled at the right distance or continuously. In the latter case the rows should be perfectly straight in order that in the cultivation the superfluous beets can be cut out in the rows. No hand work for this is required if the work is done properly. Unfortunately, the seed ball of the present sugar beet contains several seeds all of which germinate together. The most important part of the cultivation A CROP OF SUGAR BEETS IN COLORADO Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 of the beet is the singling out of the clusters of beets, and this must be done as soon as the small plants can be handled. The left hand must press the most robust plant against the ground while the right hand pulls it with a corkscrew motion. The agricultural department of the United States is trying to cultivate sugar beets with single seeds only in the ball. This work has been carried on for a number of years, and it is hoped that the hand work required for thinning will be dispensed with in the future. After this is done the cultivation of the beets is similar to the cultivation of other roots. Airing the ground and retaining the moisture must be provided for by cultivation. Hand hoeing is best and can be used if the farmer cultivates a few acres only; otherwise hoeing machinery, specially constructed for the culture of the sugar beet, must be employed. Cultivation keeps the weeds down as a matter of course, but no less important is the. airing and water preservation. The best cultivated field will produce the largest tonnage and the largest percentage of sugar in the beets. When the leaves are formed in sufficient numbers they cover the ground so effecu- ally that no weeds come up. Eastern farmers say that the sugar beet kills out even that obnoxious weed, the Canada thistle. According to choice of seed, climate, and soil, the beets mature early or late. The first sign that the beets are ripe is when the leaves take on a yellowish tint. This begins to show at the end of August or the beginning of September. The late maturing beets grow up to the middle of November, and allow the sugar works to extend the operating period. The latter are the product of the last few years only, and are bound to play a very important part in many districts. When the beets are ripe, and no further sugar is found in the leaves— the sugar is formed in the leaves and is stored in the roots only—they can be taken out by proper machinery and carted to the factory, or stored in a properly constructed pit. When the farmer has harvested his crop he can expect a cheque for $100 to $150 for every acre of beets, and for every one hundred tons of beets delivered he may take home thirty tons of pulp to feed his cattle, hogs and poultry. The cut on page nineteen shows the fourteenth consecutive crop of sugar beets in a Colorado field and proves that continuous growing of the beet can be done in certain localities without impairing the quality and quantity, but, as a rule, proper rotation is advisable. The old Norfolk rotation is always good and excellent results are achieved in Colo- A PERFECT SUGAR BEL.T rado where alfalfa, potatoes and sugar beets are rotated with splendid returns to the pocketbook of the farmer. The Michigan farmer has given the sugar beet a new name, which is characteristic of the estimate in which this plant is held in some districts. He has called the sugar beet the "mortgage- lifter." Many have given up fruit growing, having found that the raising of sugar beets in addition to its excellent profits, increases the yield of rotary crops. Why? The above picture shows that the beet proper is about one foot long, but it does not show the main root, with the many small side-roots which remain in the ground when the beets are pulled. These roots enrich the humus in the soil, draw up the sub-soil, and do better cultivating than the usual shallow ploughing, with the result that subsequent crops find the soil in excellent general condition, and practically free from weeds. Statistics prove that where the sugar beet is grown in rotation wheat has increased 74 per cent.; rye, 14.8 per cent; barley, 25.2 per cent.; oats, 41 per cent.; peas, 86 per cent, and potatoes, 102.3 per cent These figures indicate the extent of the boon the sugar beet is to farmers. It is hoped that the Fraser Valley will soon see numerous growers of this profitable product. 911 OPPORTUN The Great Trek North An Army of Pioneers will Migrate this Spring to the Virgin Country along the G. T. P. Route HE Cariboo Road this spring will see the biggest tide of travel in its long and eventful history. In the early sixties there was a rush into the Cariboo country for its rich deposits of placer gold, but after the dying of the gold excitement the road quieted. Only occasional wayfarers made their \va.y along its picturesque length into the wilderness of the North, and most of these were seekers for gold or furs. Nobody thought of agriculture. But when it was announced that the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway proposed to make a trail of steel through this country to the British Columbia coast at Prince Rupert, people began to picture cities here, big markets, and many farms , in the great reaches of comparatively level land along the Upper Fraser, and in the valleys of the Nechaco and other rivers. But would things grow in this northern country? It was pointed out in reply that the Cariboo and Fort George sections are no farther north than the British Isles, that they are tempered in much the same way by benign ocean winds, and that the Hudson's Bay people and other frontiersmen had grown the finest kind of agricultural products for many years. Land companies and settlers began to take keen interest in what has been termed "New British Columbia." Since the big awakening hardly more than a year ago civilization has advanced with great strides upon this virgin territory. Large tracts of land have been prepared for farms and town- I c THE FORT GEORGE COUNTRY IS HIGHLY FAVORABLE TO HORSE BREEDING AUTO LEAVING ASHCROFT FOR SODA CREEK sites. Service on boat and stage lines has been improved, and in general many preparations have been made for conquering this waiting wilderness. The townsite of Fort George has loomed up with special prominence because of the practical certainty that here, or near here, will be an important division point on the Grand Trunk Pacific, as well as on the projected British Columbia and Alaska and Victoria and Fort George lines. This will mean, of course, that Fort George will be the distributing center for a great area of country, which, as has been already proved, is rich in the natural resources necessary for a big and prosperous population. Before last year there were three or four white men in the neighborhood of the present townsite of Fort George. There are now about five hundred people here. The town has a good hotel with seventy-six rooms, a live weekly newspaper, a couple of churches, a school, two or three good general stores and various other features of a civilized community. But all this is merely the overture to what promises to be the Fort George of the near future. The Cariboo Road, beginning about the first of May, will in all probability see a stream of travel far greater than any in the past. The gold rush in the sixties will be as a ripple to a big wave compared to this spring's tide of settlers. These, moreover, will be unlike the gold hunters who moved northward in the early days. The latter had no interest in the country itself. They went only for its gold. The settlers who are now preparing to enter the country are planning to establish permanent homes there. They hope to achieve prosperity with the agricultural and industrial development of British Columbia's new inland empire. Even now the big highway toward the north is crowded with teams hauling in the settings for the big drama of "settling up" a country. 1 n the past, the Cariboo Road in winter has slept beneath the snow, but during the winter now waning it has been the scene of the passing of many vehicles, of the neighborly exchanges of greeting along the road, of sociable evening gatherings at the road- houses. The road has been the big trail to this new Mecca of the North, but it has not been an easy trail. After leaving Ashcroft in the winter it has been necessary to journey by stage coach for seven days, and after leaving Quesnel the experiences have been a good deal in the nature of real frontier hardships. The highway between this point and Fort George has been only recently constructed and there are few roadhouses. Travellers have carried their own food and blankets. When they have felt the need of a meal they have had to build a road-side fire. When at night they have reached one of the bunkhouses which are scattered at long intervals along this new highway, they have made a fire in the stove, have cooked their food, unrolled their blankets and stowed themselves in the wooden bunks. Experiences of this kind will be eliminated after May first, when an automobile service will be established between Ashcroft and Soda Creek, and comfortable steamers will again ply the Fraser from Soda Creek northward. The trip from Vancouver will consume only about three days. After an eight hours' ride in the train to Ashcroft there will be the automobile trip of one day to Soda Page 22 OPPORTUNITIES 91 FENCED FIELDS IN CARIBOO Creek, and then a boat voyage of one day up the river to Fort George. The whole trip from Vancouver will cost about $50. The answer to the question as to what awaits the pilgrim to the north can be summed up in the one big word "agriculture." Mining, despite the richness of its promise, has become subordinate. The enduring prosperity of "New British Columbia" will be based on farming. There is a great abundance of good agricultural land to buy at a reasonable figure, and, to the north of Fort George, there are still big areas which have been reserved by the Provincial Government for preemption by settlers, who must actually live on the land for six months of the year, and must make certain improvements. In anticipation of the big trek to Fort George the two saw mills of the community have been sawing up lumber all winter and now have about five hundred thousand feet ready for the building demand. The Fort George "Tribune" has ordered a complete printing equipment including a linotype machine. The mercantile establishments have been busy bringing in provisions. The hauling charge on the Cariboo Road, by the way, is eleven cents a pound in the winter, but the summer rate will be much lower, and the merchants are confident of large profits. The atmosphere of Fort George is one of buoyancy and expectation. Despite the heaviness of the freight charges, the cost of living is not remarkably high. For example, the rates at the hotel are only $3.00 a day for a good room and meals. As an indication of what the ambitious settler may expect in this country, it is instructive to mention the experience of one of those who has gone before. James Shepard, who owns the Kersley Ranch, consisting of nine hundred acres of fine farm land in Cariboo, south of Fort George, tells his own story as follows: "I came out from England as a young man about twenty years ago and was attracted to the Cariboo country by the reports of its richness in placer mining. I made my way north and became a miner, with the ups and downs to which this occupation is subjected. Some seasons I washed out a good deal of gold and in others I had hard sledding to make a living. One winter when I was working in a tunnel cleaning up two or three dollars a day in placer, I kept noticing a big boulder in a nearby stream. I had a hunch that there was gold under this. The rock was very large and particularly difficult to move, but I got some of the other boys around the camp to help me and we moved the boulder. There was a good showing in the gravel beneath it and we dug down to bed-rock. The latter looked like a veritable floor of gold. In six weeks I cleaned up more gold than I had ever seen before. "One might have thought from this that I would have continued in the mining game, but I had been at it seven years, with this as my first real stake, and I believed that agriculture would provide me with a more certain future. I had made a study of the agricultural] conditions, and they looked good to me. My experiments had convinced me that all the edible vegetables as well as hay, and oats, wheat, and other grains, could be grown with great success, so I bought with some of my placer gold a one hundred and sixty acre farm, which had been to some extent improved. I now dismissed mining from my mind and devoted myself exclusively to farming. I am glad I did. By degrees I added to my acreage, until now the Kersley Ranch consists of nine hundred acres. Last year I harvested six hundred tons> of timothy hay. Because of the great activity in freighting along the Cariboo Road hay brings from sixty to one hundred dollars a ton. You can see from this that when you are making hay in this country you are preparing to make money. Oats now bring four cents a pound. The country is just as good for wheat as for oats, but up to the present there has been so much more money in oats that wheat growing has been neglected. There is no doubt, however, that with the coming in of people the wheat crops will be large and highly lucrative to the farmers. "As to vegetables, I have raised cabbages weighing fifty-five pounds each; potatoes weighing eight and a half pounds; turnips weighing twenty-eight pounds; carrots weighing six and a half pounds. These, of course, are the biggest ones, but they give an idea of the size our vegetables attain. Moreover, their flavor is better, in my opinion, than vegetables raised farther south. Besides the vegetables the country is fine for various kinds of berries and other small fruits. Not many apples are grown yet, but some of them are as large as my two fists. The only drawback about fruit growing is that during some years there are a couple of nights of frost in it s A FIELD OF OATS IN CARIBOO 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 23 Tune. These do not occur every year, but they always constitute a danger "which the farmer takes precautions to avoid. For instance, we plant potatoes a little late so that there will be little likelihood of the young plants being nipped. "As to the climate in general, it is, of course, cold in winter. The thermometer is apt to sink once or twice to forty or fifty below zero, but these cold spells are of very brief duration, and there are only one or two of them during the season. The snow is not excessive. A peculiarity of the climate is the freedom from wind, particularly when the weather is very cold. On the frigid days the atmosphere is almost completely still and is also dry, which causes the cold to be much less penetrating and disagreeable than it would be in other climates. We have an abundance of wood, and therefore are able to keep comfortable in the winter without difficulty. As time goes on, moreover, we will have at our disposal plenty of coal from extensive deposits close at hand. These coal measures, when developed, will add much TYPICAL TIMBER OF NORTH COUNTRY to the wealth of the Fort George country. . "This region, in my opinion, is superior co the prairie country in agriculture and has other resources which give it higher promise in the direction of industrial development. The timber lands are extensive, and it is well known that the country has great possibilities in quartz gold mining. With millions of acres of land good for agriculture, with plenty of fine timber, with big deposits of coal and gold, it will be seen that the Fort George country has all the elements necessary for a big and prosperous population. "The opportunities in the town of Fort George are already numerous and will increase with the population. For instance, a number of saw mills could be worked at a profit to supply the steady demand for lumber. There are two or three general stores, but practically no shops devoted to specialties. There is only one doctor, who, by the way, has had practically no patients, except those who have met with accidents. There is as yet no lawyer or dentist. It is obvious that there are openings in the professions as well as in business. With the needs of a rapidly growing population to be supplied, and with a great abundance of raw material at hand, it can be said that in this new country the man of intelligence and enterprise can well count upon success." Dairymen Must Get Together If They Would Make the Most of the Wealth of the Willing Cow ByW. A. Wilson Superintendent of Dairying, Saskatchewan s ^INCE my first visit to British Columbia about five years ago, when it was my good fortune to visit most of the creameries and make the acquaintance of many who were connected with the work, I have been much impressed with the immense climatic advantages which you possess and which assist so materially in providing for the bodily comfort of the cow in the production of milk, and also in providing those nutritious foods which mean so much in the yield and quality of milk, cream and butter, and in producing the natural, delicate aroma so much appreciated by the consuming public. This natural heritage reduces the problem of the dairyman and enables him to concentrate his thoughts and energies upon other phases, in which he must, to a great extent, work out his own salvation. The British Columbia dairyman possesses, too, a strong strategical position in the matter of markets close to the farm. In this you eliminate excesive transportation charges, which constitute a heavy toll on the annual production of dairy products. Of the various subjects important in dairying, "cooperation in dairying" holds a leading place. Quite recently I was reading a report of one of the State dairy conventions and was forcibly impressed by the fact that nearly all the speakers pointed out that dairying depended upon cooperation for development. The dairy cooperative plan may be divided into eight headings: The cow, the owner, the manufacturer, the buyer, the consumer, the association, the government, and the press. These may be divided again into two classes made up of individual and collective bodies. The first five make up the former and the remaining three the latter class. The cow is the Alma Mater, the fond mother of our universal dairyhood. All she asks is a "square deal," a liberal, well balanced ration, comfortable stabling with pure air, and kind treatment. Under such conditions she will cooperate to the fullest extent, but being practically a captive, she must depend upon her owner for housing and nourishment. That the cow will respond according to the character of her feed and care is illustrated in the story of the man who, planning to economise, fed his cow a large proportion of saw dust, which he substituted for bran, and the faithful animal did the very best she could under the circumstances and let down half a pint of wooden shoe pegs. How about the second factor in our plan of cooperation, the owner or the farmer? Does it not appear that he is the important yet the weak link in the chain? Upon him the responsibilities are great, but too often he belongs to the "Don't care or don't know" class, quite indifferent to his own responsibilities, but always on the alert to criticize the other fellow if the returns are short of his expectations. How many farmers can answer such questions as: How much money does each cow's milk bring during the year? What is the cost of labor in caring for one cow for one year? What is the cost of food for one cow for a year? What was the profit for each cow in the herd for 1910? Which is the most profitable cow in the herd? Which cows in the herd are boarders, and why? What is the cost of producing a gallon of milk, or a pound of butter fat? What were the trross receipts from Page 24 OPPORTUNITIES 191 the herd in 1910, and how much profit? There is little excuse nowadays for the man who does not know, and it is highly important that he should know. Most of these questions could be answered if the farmers were regularly testing and weighing the milk of each cow in the herd, and the most important of them can be answered in no other way. . I think all thoughtful dairymen will agree that the use of the scales and the Babcock test for determining the value of the individual cow from the standpoint of butter fat production is the fundamental principle of successful dairying. The result of testing records awakens in the owner an interest in the individual animal that has been lying dormant as a result of computing the results in averages, a very unsafe and unbusinesslike method of calculating. Cooperation will remedy this condition of affairs. Let the owners cooperate and organize testing associations, weigh and or by a group of farmers. But the chief point is to cooperate in an effort to improve the dairy herds. It may be carried further and community breeding inaugurated. Fifteen or twenty men could club together, under a six years' agreement, and purchase three good bulls of the same breed. With their herds divided into three groups, the members of each group could have one bull two years; then re-distribute the sires, and at the end of the second year re-distribute again. In a whole community with a larger number of farmers, with more cows and upon a similar basis, and at less cost, this system can be practiced with a great deal of profit to all if the farmers will only cooperate. In their efforts at milk production the farmers must not only cooperate with the cow and with one another, but with the soil and the climate. They must test the soil and wisely treat it. A system of rotation, and the methods of CATTLE FLOURISH IN CARIBOO sample the milk for testing, and when the results are recorded, compare notes. There will be some surprises and some things to ponder over, which will stimulate a keener sense of interest and love for the work. This is followed by a system of selection of the largest producers and breeding from them. Cooperation may be extended to the buying of concentrated feeds, if required, or other supplies necessitated by the work. Providing pure-bred sires with which to head the herd is another important consideration usually neglected. Some have suggested that the proprietor of the creamery might to advantage give assistance by keeping a good, pure-bred sire for the use of his patrons, and charging a reasonable fee for services. The success of such a plan would depend largely on the individuality of the proprietor of the creamery and the conditions of the district. The same plan might be undertaken by a leading farmer, cropping, must be mastered. In the growing of legumes, such as clovers and peas, they can draw fertility from the very atmosphere and store it in the soil. They must study climatic conditions, must outrun the seasons. By means of the silo, for instance, they may supply cheap and succulent food for the cows in mid-winter, or luring drought in midsummer, thus encouraging a maximum flow of milk. The manufacturer, or the man who makes the butter or cheese is the third important factor. He must cooperate with the patrons of his factory, with his fellow makers, with instructors, and with buyers. He should be thoroughly conversant with the science of dairying and a constant student of dairy literature. Lacking this he lacks that knowledge so essential to the education of the man producing the raw material. He should cooperate with the buyer and ascertain just what the trade wants in respect to color, salting, style, and size of package. Knowing this, discard all opposing notions and give the buyer what he wants. The maker should teach and encourage his patrons to join with him in producing the best and only the best. He should extend his usefulness by informing himself and in turn posting others as to the best roots and soiling crops for milk producing, suitable plans for sanitary, well ventilated stables, and dairies arranged conveniently. Cooperate with authorities on these matters, so that the recommendations will be modern and reliable. In short, each maker should be a dairy encyclopedia to which his patrons can refer for information on any matter upon which they are in doubt. It is necessary to make only a brief reference to the buyer, the fourth factor in the chain of cooperation. If he be a man in the broadest sense of the term, he will not narrow down to the common ordinary type and centre his affections on personal gain, or the greed of gold, regardless of all other things. His trained judgment as to the quality of goods, and his knowledge of the market, have earned for him an honored place. Through his cooperation with the manufacturer and the consumer, the peculiarities of the trade are made known and met. Such cooperation is necessary if the producer and manufacturer would make the best disposition of their dairy produce. The consumer is the fifth factor. Upon his sense of taste the success and prosperity of all others depend. Generally speaking, clean, fresh, flavored butter, with uniform color and texture, will find favor in any market. But there are minor differences in various trade centres that should not be overlooked. The consumer very often determines what those shall be and the wise buyer endeavors to satisfy him. It is thus the circle in the first half is completed. The cow responds to the man's kind treatment, comfortable housing, nutritious succulent food. Farmers cooperating with one another in buying feeds and good breeding stock, greatly increase the individual record/s of their cows and reduce the cost of production. They again cooperate with the thoughtful, painstaking maker, and learn what must be done to have their butter sell for several cents a pound higher than the regular market quotation. The maker keeps himself informed of the buyer's wishes, and the buyer never loses sight of a good customer's honest request. The association must be numbered also among the factors of cooperation. Cooperation is its fundamental principle. The chief purpose in meeting in annual convention is to obtain, and subsequently disseminate, information with the view of inducing all to work from a uniform, logical and scientific basis. The exchange of thought is valuable and the association is the medium through which it can be : dispensed. It goes without saying that its members represent the best thought of the dairymen, and that only good can attend its efforts. The seventh factor in the modern plan of dairy cooperation is the government. While not inviting paternalism, dairymen have welcomed reasonable assistance and cooperation from the government. That of British Columbia is encouraging certain worthy undertakings by giving monetary assistance, and is OPPORTUNITI lowing, as nearly as possible under the circumstances, the advice given. There is too much independent action. The department exists for the benefit of the agricultural community. Mutual confidence, unanimity, concord and cooperation constitute the basis of success. The eighth and last factor is the press. Every farmer should take an agricultural paper, and every paper should have an agricultural page. The press has a great work to perform for dairying, but its teachings will fall by the wayside without cooperation. tion means increasing the output at one point, a reduction in the operating cost, and a correspondingly better price for the farmer—all direct results of cooperation. And at our last dairy convention a unanimous resolution was passed endorsing the Government's policy and asking for more stringent legislation, so that even greater powers would be given the Government in maintaing an assured healthy development. It was suggested, for instance, that all stock in a creamery company be fully subscribed, 50% paid in cash, and the balance secured by ap- an "^aali: -- also contributing liberally in the toil and thought of faithful men employed in the service. These may do much to educate the dairymen, in disseminating literature, organizing practical demonstrations relating to some particularly important part of the work. Preparing modern plans, for free distribution, of creamery buildings, ice-houses, dairies and cow- stables, at the same time describing the ideal locations for all of these, or what to avoid and what to look for in selecting a site. On the other hand, the farmer and creamery proprietor should make more use of the Department of Agriculture by consulting its officials and fol- VANCOUVER ISLAND DAIRY FARM In conclusion, permit me to refer briefly to what we are doing in Saskatchewan to encourage and develop the spirit of cooperation. Our conditions are different from yours, and one must consider those circumstances in choosing a policy to pursue. We aim, however, to discourage premature organization and to prevent the erection of two, three or four creameries, when one will do the business. Most of the creameries are under our direct supervision, and to accommodate the dairy farmer who is not near a creamery, the Government pays the express charges on cream shipments by rail. The policy of centraliza- ^zmLi -ffln proved promissory notes before incorporation be granted. At the present time all plans and specifications of creamery buildings, the location and the site must be approved by the Minister of Agriculture. The Public Health Act also deals with the matter. For sanitary, as well as economic reasons, such precautions are advisable. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, and it is easier to regulate certain conditions than to remedy undesirable conditions. While not discouraging private interests, we encourage the cooperative creamery, and in our province they are now in the majority. Page 26 OPPORTUNITIES 19 i ^^^NE of the heaviest of all drags I ^ | I upon the city man of modest ■MMMagJ means is rent. The helpless- L«§ll*$l ness °f always paying it is **M**t**** being realized more and more, arid there is a steadily growing desire on the part of families to live in a house which they can call their own. The advantages of such ownership are obvious. They include a freedom from the exactions of the landlord, a feeling of independence and security, a better standing in the community as a citizen, and a release from the treadmill process of continually paying out money without laying up anything for the future. A difficulty in the past has been that the young man with a small income has not been able to buy, even on easy terms, a house that has measured up to his desires in the direction of comfort and artistic merit. In the old days, even as recently as ten years ago, the average cottage was not attractive, either within or without. This has been changed. The modern small dwelling house, of which the bungalow is a representative type, meets the approval of the most exacting taste, and is equipped with much that goes to make housekeeping easy and the home attractive. Many of the bungalows have only one story but are so arranged that the labor of housekeeping is reduced to the minimum. For a small family they possess most of the merits of larger homes without nearly as heavy a domestic burden. One of their most important features is a large living room where the family may gather in the evening and cultivate the best in home life. Because the bungalow requires a little ground around it to bring out its architectural points effectively, most bungalows have a small lawn and garden, and these, of course, are important factors in a real home. In rapidly growing communities like Vancouver and Victoria there is an unusually large number of young men whose salaries are modest, but who are ambitious to have homes of their own. To meet their requirements, architects and builders have paid special attention to the suburban cottage. In Vancouver, for example, there are bungalows which, including lots averaging 33 feet by 120 feet, can be acquired for from twenty-five hundred to thirty- five hundred dollars. The real estate men and builders have made a study of putting such homes within the means of salaried men of the city, and have so arranged matters that it is practicable for a man earning even as moderate an income as a hundred dollars a month to acquire his own home. He must, however, have saved at least two hundred and fifty dollars for a first payment on his bungalow and lot, which, with this payment, he acquires with a mortgage at from eight to ten per cent, a year, and an obligation to pay from twenty-five to thirty-five dollars a month in the same manner as ordinary rent is paid. He has a house of five rooms, including an attractive hall, a large living room, two bed rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a basement. The interior decorations are artistic, and the general equipment is thoroughly up-to-date. The plumbing is absolutely modern; the bathroom is tiled, and the kitchen is conveniently arranged. One of the features of most of the bungalows is a spacious fire-place, and in some of them is a sideboard built into the dining room wall. The furnishing of a house of this kind depends, of course, on the individual taste and pocketbook. Some items of cost are given below. If one desires an artistic equipment, not too cheap, he may purchase, to begin at the floor, a very attractive Persian rug, large enough for an ordinary din'ng room for $30; a fuiaed oak buffet for $36; a dining room table of the same attractive wood for $31; serving table, $11; half a dozen dining room chairs, $36. For the living room an Early English table with a drop-leaf costs about $7; a rocking-chair with a leather seat of the same style, $11; an arm-chair with a leather seat, $11; an Early English writing desk, $13; the same sort of a desk chair, $6; a Brussels carpet, $20. For the best bed room a full sized brass bedstead will cost about A BUNGALOW SECTION OF VANCOUVER 191 OPPORTUNITIES Page 27 $16; a felt mattress $6 to $15; a wire spring $2 to $3; a mahogany dresser $24; a chiffonier, $22; a mahogany bed room chair, $4; a bed room rocker, $4; a tapestry carpet, $15. For the second bed room a white enamel bed will cost about $9; a mattress and spring as before; a golden oak dresser, $12 to $20; a chiffonier, $17 to $20; golden oak chairs, $1.50 each; a rocker, $1.75; a tapestry carpet, $15, Japanese matting for from $4 up. For the kitchen a cabinet will cost about $10; a table, $2; two chairs, 65 cents each; linoleum, 50 cents a yard; pots and cooking utensils, $15. It may be said that if one wants to economize, articles similar to those mentioned above, but not as good in quality, can be purchased at about one-third less than the figures given. It may be also said that there are reliable firms in Vancouver who will supply these articles for one-third of the purchase price in cash and the balance in monthly payments, with no advance upon the cash price, the only difference being that the buyer pays one per cent, per month until the account is settled. As to the smaller articles in the equipment of an artistic home, a half set dinner service, consisting of half a dozen of each sort of article costs from $5 to $15; half a dozen glasses cost from 25 cents to $1.50 each; a crockery bed room equipment costs from $2 to $7.50 for each room; a reading lamp for the dining or living room costs from $3.50 to $10; a low priced table cloth costs $1.50, and one of high quality, $4; a dozen napkins cost $2.50; two pairs sheets cost $2; four pillow cases cost 45 cents a pair; bath towels cost 60 cents a pair, and face towels 40 cents a pair. Good blankets cost $5 a pair, and bed-spreads from $2 to $3; pillows cost from $1.50 to $2.50 a pair. Such things as wall pictures and other decorative touches of this kind are not mentioned because the amount of money which may or may not be spent upon them depends altogether upon the individual taste. The facts given above convey the general idea of the cost of acquiring and equipping a five-room bungalow in Vancouver. The expenditure of money in this way has the merit of being an outlay for articles which the family owns. It is one of the best investments that could be made. It eliminates the improvident practice of paying in rent a very high rate of interest on property owned by others. A long period, of course, is required to clear a bungalow of all indebtedness by paying $25 or $30 a month, but there is always the increasing value of property in growing cities like Vancouver or Victoria, and the householder at last has his home paid for, which, of course, is never the case as long as he continues to pay rent. How I Acquired a Vancouver Home By A. Young Newcomer m& AFTER being graduated from school at Rochford, Essex, Eng- , land, I studied engineering for a year and then went to London, where I obtained a position in the office of a merchant as junior clerk. After five years of service I had become assistant buyer, but was still earning an extremely modest income and could not see much ahead. I knew that under conditions existing in this and most other London mercantile establishments promotion would be very slow and my salary would be increased so gradually and meagerly that it would be a long time before I could achieve the greatest desire of my life, namely: to marry the nr who was good enough to say she would have me. So it was that I began to look over the world for a place in which I could settle with promise of more rapid advancement. My attention was called to British Columbia, and one day, at the office of a publication devoted to the colonies, I met Mr. Thomas H. Ingram, of the Canadian National Investors, who was visiting England. He gave me facts about this country which were extremely interesting and which fired my ambition to cast my fortune with the new land. The upshot of the matter was that early last summer, with about seventy-five pounds as capital, I started for Vancouver. About twenty pounds of my money was spent on the journey. When I arrived here I had fifty pounds left and made inquiries as to what would be the best use to which to put my modest competency. I was advised to put it into a A HOME JOY home. The statement that I could acquire a home of my own with so small an amount of money surprised me, but investigation convinced me that it could be done. I looked at a lot in South Vancouver about two blocks west of Main Street at the end of the Ferris Road car line, and made a contract whereby I was to have a five-room bungalow, built more or less according to my own ideas, erected on this lot by the payment of $250 down and $25 a month, giving a mortgage on the property, which carried an interest of less than ten per cent. In the meantime I had obtained a position here in Vancouver. Soon afterward I slightly increased my income by taking another position. This gave me enough money to live on, but I was living more in the future than in the present. I was looking forward eagerly to the completion of my home. My home! The words looked pretty big to me. When I had said good-bye to my fiancee at the dock on the other side I had told her that I would send for her just as soon as I had a home of my own in the new land, but at that time I did not have the slightest idea that I would so soon be in the way of acquiring one. So it was that the building of this bungalow interested me intensely. After office hours I used to go out to watch the progress of the work. It was a dream of mine which, with astonishing rapidity, was becoming real. The house was complete about the first of September, and after fitting it up temporarily, with enough furniture to suffice for a bachelor, I moved in. I will say here that this bungalow consists of a hall, a sitting room, two bedrooms, a bath room, a kitchen and a full sized basement. The plumbing is modern, the bath room is attractively finished, the sitting room i s wainscotted and has burlap on the walls. A sideboard is built into the house. There is a furnace. One of the most pleasing features of the living room is a commodious fire-place, which, with a given limit of expense, 1 was allowed to select myself. Having a taste for carpentry and other work of this sort, I have put in numcr ous evenings and holiday afternoons in adding to the house touches of my own handiwork, and rather pride myself on Page 28 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 ALL THE COMFORTS OF HOME the feeling that I have increased its attractiveness. When the young lad}- comes out in March she will bring with her some furniture as settler's effecis and our new home will be attractively equipped. Within a short time I have obtained an even better business situation than those I held when I first arrived, and feel very well satisfied with my outlook in British Columbia. I need hardly say that I am very glad I came. As to the home making proposition I am particularly well content with it. Instead of paying rent I am paying for a home of my own. I am subjected to the exactions of no landlord. I know that there is no danger of my home being sold over my head when I have become nicely settled, and thus being compelled to leave, or of having my rent raised. I forgot to mention the fact that within a month after the completion of my house I had an opportunity to sell it for three thousand dollars. I gave this proposition no consideration for the reason that in buying this home I was not making a real estate speculation. However, this brings out the fact that in purchasing a domicile one is making a very good real estate investment. With the steadily growing population of Vancouver, the price of land and dwellings is increasing. Thus it is that in going into a proposition of this kind one is not only acquiring the independence which comes, from having his own home, but is also, in most cases, "playing safe" with his money for the reason that almost always he can sell at an advance. I have been told that my own bargain was a particularly good one, and that such a house as I have could not be now obtained for less than $2,750, but this does not lessen in any depreciable degree the desirability on the part of a young man with a steady income obtaining a home on these terms. My own experience has been that it is the best investment he could possibly make. It gives him a standing in the community that he would hardly have otherwise, and starts him on the path to prosperity under the best auspices. Vancouver's Architectural Beginnings and Development By G. W. Grant |0 other city in the world has come out of the wilderness as rapidly as has Vancouver. Glancing over the city to-day we see impressive office buildings, fine shops, long streets of attractive residences, in fact, all the features of a big and thriving urban community. Twenty-five years ago this same ground was a tangled wilderness, a forest of big trees, in which dwelt eternal twilight. Here the hunter could have found deer, could have had an occasional encounter with a bear, and, at his camp fire at night, could have heard the wild cries of the cougar stalking prey. The only vestige of civilization in the early eighties was the Hastings saw mill. It was not until 1886 that civilization gave any indication of being interested in this remote and virgin region. In that year it was announced that the western terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway would be located, not at Port Moody, as had been proposed, but at the present site of Vancouver, and this "neck of the woods" came suddenly into the limelight. People from many sec tions began to make their way in this direction. In the spring of 1886 there was almost fevered activity at the saw mill, and small frame buildings began to rise along the waterfront where Cordova Street now stretches. Many men began to clear the wilderness. The first steps were being taken in the building of a city. A fire in June, 1886, destroyed all but one of the frame buildings, but new and better ones were immediately erected on the sites of the ruins. This was a summer of fires. As the fine timber was felled it was given to the flames, which burned continually. The desire then was not to make money selling lumber, but to proceed with all possible speed in the clearing of the wilderness for the city. Cordova and Hastings Streets were roughed out, and when, in 1887, the railroad people began to build the Vancouver Hotel, Granville Street ceased to be a mere trail through the woods, and took on something of the appearance of a thoroughfare. The first substantial building was a three-story structure of which I was the architect. It was built of brick, was called the Wilson Block, and is now part of the Metropole Hotel. Numerous other buildings were erected at about the same time. During this early period there was, of course, considerable activity in the buying and selling of lots. A large portion of the townsite had been government domain which had been ceded by the authorities at Victoria to the railway company for changing the terminus from Port Moody to Vancouver, but not a little of the land was owned by private individuals and this began to change hands rapidly. Most of these owners, unable to look into the future and see a big city rise from this wilderness of stumps, felt that the time to sell had arrived. Practically none of the persons, or their heirs, who were land owners in the Vancouver of those days now have any holdings. They felt that they were doing remarkably well by obtaining from one to two thousand dollars for well located lots, which now have a market value of at least $100,000. The truth is that the rise in real estate values was comparatively slow until 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 29 about ten years ago. At that time, for instance, lots which had sold in the first transfers at a couple of thousand dollars had not increased in value to more than eight or ten thousand. It has been within the last decade that Vancouver has loomed up as a marvel of growth among cities. Architecturally, she now compares favorably with any city on the continent. The newer office buildings, restricted by law to a height of ten storys, or 120 feet, are all that could be desired, and many of the residences reflect the best in architecture. While there is no conspicuously dominating type, the bungalow, in its numerous variations, has had a pronounced influence. It is in keeping with Vancouver's natural setting. It has a simplicity in harmony with the newness of our environment, and a com fort and cosiness in attractive contrast to the more or less primitive conditions which still prevail in our suburbs. In this matter of giving a residence an individuality which conforms to its setting, I think that log cabin types would be effective here. They give scope for much elaboration, and for highly artistic effects, and would typify one of our great natural resources. While this type has as yet not been developed to any extent in Vancouver, I believe that it will be, and will help to give the city, architecturally, a character all its own. Because of the impressive views in almost every section, of big expanses of water, and wooded shores, and majestic mountains, Vancouver has, I think, a more beautiful natural site than almost any other city on the continent. It remains for man to make the most of what nature has done. I am confident that it would be a wise move on the part of the city fathers to enact laws providing a system of building that would enhance the beauty of the city. Small prizes could be given to home builders in different classes who maintained the best kept lawn, the best arrangement and variety of shade trees, and so on. This would bring prominently to the attention of the public the utility of making the city as attractive as possible and would stimulate owners with a spirit of competition in giving their own homes special touches of beauty. The people would be made to realize that urban attractiveness is a great asset, which has a very direct and marked effect upon the prosperity of the city, arousing as it does, a keen desire on the part of visitors to settle in the community where there are many pleasing vistas. A PIONEER'S HOME By Beatrice Nasmith |OUSES there are that win us with their gracious courtesy, disclosing unexpected attentions, providing unexpected conveniences. Such a one is the home of Mr. and Mrs. R. P. McLennan. To cross its threshold is to turn from the sweeping scene the house commands to fresh delights within, a new study of harmony and simplicity. Here the decorator, Alfred Huggett, has shown a full realization of the real nature of his task. The entire scheme of decoration is conceived with dignity, and is replete with a quiet beauty and unimpeachable probity. Colors of blue and russet predominate in the wide reception hall, where rugs and draperies blend themselves into a restful harmony. Incidental colors of carmel and warm though subdued tones of Oriental shades add to the general charm. The rugs, stair rugs, and wall papers were made to the special design and order of the decorator, and are beautifully colored to suit the prevailing tones. The blue velour curtains are richly trimmed in antique gold, and the furniture, comprising types of the Jacobean period, are suitably covered with old tapestries. The decorator has given form to his ideas in the metal work, which is manufactured in armour-bright iron. The electroliers and newel post light are fitted with specially designed spiral glassware which softens and beautifies the brilliance of the light. Various apartments open off the reception room, all spacious, well arranged and well lighted. The dining room is finished in fumed oak in conformity to the Tudor period, the freize of table, dinner-wagon and chairs being richly carved to conform to the dignity of this somewhat severe period. Above the handsome eight-foot panelling of the walls, a very beautiful freize in relief affords a delightful opportunity for the expression of movement and grace, representing as it does, a richly robed cavalcade of ladies and nobles, mounted on prancing horses on their way to the banqueting hall of Henry V. Window curtains in stencilled linen carry out the details of the general conception of the room and are overhung with "Thorian velvet" in tones of golden brown and handsomely appliqued with heraldic tapestry. The soft, rich Persian rug blends admirably with the essen tial colors of the room, and gives prominence to the artistic merits of the fine oak chairs, upholstered in specially dyed tan morocco. Hand-wrought antique brass characterizes the electric fittings and adds a final note to the refinement and good taste of the decorative scheme. In the spacious living room the designer has kept the main object, utility, well before him, with the result that use and beauty are combined in due proportion. It is a room that suggests 'that saving health of the soul, sincerity," and its soft, retiring tones of russet and green continually invite to rest and ease —an ease which stimulates to quiet thought and work that does not pall. The furnishings comprise in most part large VANCOUVER RESIDENCE OF R. P. McLENNAN (Grant & Henderson, Architects) Page 30 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 VIEW OF LIVING ROOM (Albert Huggett lounge chairs and settees, and a delightful inglenook with a big open fire-place where the logs glow and crackle. The fumed oak woodwork, rich in coloring, harmonizes splendidly with the entire color treatment. The walls are covered with a russet leatherette paper panelled by studded banding. The curtains are in a beautiful tone of green velvet, trimmed with galoon of metal. The fine linen window curtains are stencilled artistically to introduce the color scheme of the room and carry out the general design of border in the Donegal rug which, but for a-margin of oak parquetry, covers the spacious floor. The electric fittings of antique brass are designed to suit the very handsome club fender which covers the entire hearth in the inglenook. There is a suggestion of gentle and courteous formality about the reception room which is very delightful. The "Sheraton" style, developed in tones of rose, ivory and green, comprise an apartment of much refinement and a restful- ness and charm which appeals to all lovers of the truly artistic in decorative effort. The walls are treated in a delicate, almost pearl ground paper with soft overcolorings in rose and green and the woodwork is enamelled in ivory white. The reception room windows command a magnificent view of the waters of the gulf. The curtains are truly beautiful, being made of ivory silk repp with an applique of rose and green flowers to suit the motive in the wall paper. The rug is a rose centered Donegal with a border of ivory, and the portiere curtains are also in rose and richly appliqued. The furniture is in choice pieces of Sheraton, while the IN McLENNAN RESIDENCE Interior Decorator) electrolier and brackets are in old candlestick brass and crystal, making in all a most delightful room and representing the essentials of a treatment which makes criticism almost an impossibility. The "Voysey" style of design and coloring enters into the treatment of the large billiard room. The walls are panelled in oak and above is a four-foot freize of richly stencilled Fabricona in greens, cream, and soft terra cotta. The billiard room rugs were made to order and the window and door hangings of old tapestry design are in consistent harmony with - the general scheme. The hand- beaten, armour bright iron of the electric fixtures makes them unique, and the soft terra cotta shades with their lining of ivory give the lights a mellow glow. The billiard table is the work of a well known London manufacturer and has a cover in tapestry to blend with the rugs and hangings. An enviable combination of the qualities, "artistic" and "homelike" characterizes the cosy "den." Colors of blue and tan and gold blend here with an effect of restfulness, and personal comfort is luxuriously provided in the deep chairs and settees and the homelike window seat. Two walls are lined with books and an open fire affords the cheer and solace that is so essential to the leisure hours of the busy man. The design and color scheme' follow the lead of the famous "William .Morris," so eminently suitable to a room of this kind. Rugs, curtains, upholstering, and wall treatment are all richly simple, and harmonize in producing an effect of quiet, unalloyed enjoyment. The hardware and fittings are in Tudor bronze, and the lights are shaded with opalescent glass. This room also commands a view of the gulf and mountains. In the accompanying illustrations it is unfortunately impossible to convey the beauty of the coloring. Throughout one sees the touch of the kindly thoughtful human hand, and it is this that fixes the charm, endears the place and makes it not a show place for costly furnishings, but a real home. DINING ROOM IN McLENNAN RESIDENCE (Albert Huggett InteriorjDecorator) OPPORTUNITIES Page 31 Why He Treated Her to Luncheon Club Women From the Viewpoint of Two Husbands at Home By Ethel Grant E business man was alone, except for the companionship of his pipe and evening newspaper. He therefore welcomed the impromptu visit of the young lawyer who lived in the same block and often came in for an exchange of thoughts. "Alone as usual?" queried the lawyer after he had settled in a comfortable chair and looked about for the tobacco jar. "Now, don't rub it in. Here's the tobacco; help yourself. And if it's a fair question, where is your wife?" "Gone to a meeting of the Educated Thought Society. Your wife is—?" The business man chuckled. "As president of the Anti-Suffrage League she is attending to her duties this evening." The lawyer grinned and puffed his calabash pipe in expressive silence, which lasted for several minutes. Men have a decidedly comfortable habit of sitting silent in each other's company. Provided, of course, that each one of them has an offering from "My Lady Nicotine" between his lips. "I have been thinking that husbands are a bit neglected these days," began the lawyer. "There are so many clubs and societies for women and every woman seems to want to belong to at least half of them, and the consequences are that home and husbands are second considerations." "That's just like you specialty fellows," answered the business man. "Your minds are trained in one line and you think it is up to everybody else to agree with you." "A chance for an argument there," said the other, and chuckled in anticipation as he struck a match. "What is your contention?" "Don't know that I have one in particular, other than that I am glad my wife is a 'joiner.'" "Good! 1 am open for conviction. Fire ahead." "You have no children, and I have two. So your argument against women's clubs and societies would not be as convincing as mine did I throw my net in your stream. My two boys are tuckeJ into bed by their mother on an average of five nights a week, and. it is then at their mother's knee that they say their prayers. Now. when my wife goes out to an evening meeting, I have all the fun of helping the lads undress and the pleasure of hearing them say their little prayers. I tell you, my friend, it does a man good who thinks he is past praying, to hear his own childhood prayers from the lips of his small sons. There's a lot of comfort to me in putting my lads to bed once or twice a week. God knows they won't always be little shavers. But I'm getting sentimental." "And digressing," tartly suggested the lawyer, evidently wishing to divert attention from his moist eyes. "Correct," laughed the business man. "Well, for instance—will just one do you?" "According to the strength of its evidence," answered the lawyer. "Well, then, take that organization, the Local Council of Women: societies MRS. McNAUGHTON President Vancouver Council of Women with all kinds of aims and creeds are in affiliation with it, and its tendency is to broaden the ideas of every member. I was glancing through its Canadian Year Book the other night and was amazed at the amount of work being done quietly and practically unobtrusively by this splendid body of women. "They are strong for women suffrage, are they not?" asked the lawyer. "Many of their Councils have, I believe, adopted that policy. But as I take it, the Vancouver Council is anxious only for the municipal franchise. The Victoria Branch is more ambitious and wants equal rights. The Capital city women are thoroughly alive (o all questions of the day and it has an amazing number of clever women among its citizens, many of whom are doing splendid work in a public manner. Tbe West minster Council has not as yet come out strongly for the franchise. Its members have the municipal rights and they can afford to rest on their oars while they plan carefully for the future and the best way in which to cooperate with other cities. The Vernon Council, it is believed, would like to have the franchise, but it is not likely to become militant over the matter. Those Vernon women are wise. They believe in their country and their men, and from all I've heard, feel pretty sure that what they work for quietly will come. The Nelson Branch has not as yet announced its policy to the world, but we may always expect the Nelson women to work for the best that is going. Great little town, that, in spite of its hills. But I don't believe its women are bothering their heads whether the franchise comes or not." "It undoubtedly will come, but whether in our time or not is still a question," asserted the lawyer. "You're perfectly right," answered his companion, "but in the meantime, look at the other good work that is being done—work that really counts. He paused to refill his pipe, gave the fire in the grate a stir and resumed, after ascertaining that the lawyer, comfortable in his deep chair, appeared to be much interested. "The Vancouver Local Council has taken up very actively the matter of securing a clean city. You remember 'clean up' day?" "A farce!" "Not entirely. An undesirable shopkeeper who uses the same lane as we do, has been dumping trash out there for years, and his cellar could be scented for a block. We've had less odor since 'clean up' day, and ours is only one of many that I have heard about. Then there's the white slave traffic, supervised playgrounds for children, the regulation of immoral literature, the care of the feeble-minded, and the infirm poor, for all of which these Council women are earnestly working. Then, too, they are keen on domestic science in the schools, and have done wonders in that line, as a glance at our school curricul :m will show. The Juvenile Court and Juvenile Protection Association are offsprings of this Council, and at present they are urging the idea of a detention home for girls. The Victoria Council is equally as active, it having taken up the matter of a Juvenile Court and an Page 32 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 infirmary. Being able to run in most any day and talk matters over with the Government, they have excellent opportunities to present their cases first hand and with but slight expense. These Councils branch out into every kind of work which comes along, and any that makes for the betterment of the world in general. And keeping that fact in mind, you can't make me believe that it is not a good thing for a woman to be a member of such an organization." "You are a good talker for the opportunities offered by women's societies, my friend, and perhaps your viewpoint is the proper one. But " "Would you want your wife to be a stay-at-home, or at best know nothing but what she could learn from a round of calls, bridge parties, and pink teas, and when she did get among women who were doing real things in the world, find that she was a back number?" "No." "Then encourage her to keep up her club duties. Don't urge her to join too many societies, but help her to select the best and enter into their aims with her. You will learn a lot and acquire a vast amount of respect for these women's organizations. Why, man, they are nothing less than opportunities knocking at the doors of women's minds, and honestly I can't see why they should not take them up. The organization I have just been talking about is undoubtedly of the.best, and " Just then a latch-key was fitted into the front door, and a moment later the business man's wife entered the room. Her eyes were bright and she looked to be thoroughly alive. "Didn't I tell you it was good "for her?" asked the business man after the greetings were over, and he noted the look of approval on the lawyer's face. "Guess you are right. I think I will hit the trail for home now and take a new look at my wife. If her club has had the same effect on her, I will treat her to lunch to-morrow." Now for the Home Garden HE INCREASING number of people who are establishing homes of their own in the suburban districts of Vancou- er and other British Columbia cities brings conspicuously to attention at this time of the year the opportunities for saving money and for healthful exercise in the cultivation of a home vegetable garden. In the environs of Vancouver and Victoria are many cottages on lots having an average width and depth of thirty-three feet by one hundred and twenty feet. The cottage does not ordinarily extend into the back half of the lot. This means that there is a plot of ground fifty or sixty feet deep and thirty-three feet wide which can be dedicated to the uses of a garden in which can be grown various staple vegetables for the home table. In starting a garden of this kind it would be well for the amateur gardener to confine himself to potatoes, beets, onions, radishes, carrots and cabbages. These vegetables require less care and knowledge in their cultivation than most others, and can easily be raised successfully by the gardening novice. They are more practicable, for instance, than such products as peas and beans, which require more space and more care. The first work of the gardener should begin, in this climate, about the first of March, or as soon afterward as the frost is out of the ground. It sometimes happens that the first week in March is cold; in this case the digging of the garden can be postponed until the first propitious days. The start should be made by obtaining from a near-by stable a load of manure. This usually can be had by merely paying the hauling charge of about two dollars a load. Unless the ground is particularly poor or sour one load of manure is sufficient for the amount of ground in question. This fertilizer is better for the garden than any other, but if it cannot be conveniently obtained, the gardener may purchase a bag of bone meal from any seedman. The fertilizer should be spread evenly over the ground, and then with a spade the soil should be dug up. Then it should be well pulverized with a hoe and the manure dug in. After the garden has been dug it should be allowed to lie fallow until between the middle of March and the first of April, depending upon the weather. Many amateur gardeners take advantage of their freedom from office or shop work on Good Friday to begin the planting of the garden. In selecting the vegetables they are sure to include lettuce, which can be obtained in sufficient quantities to supply a family of three or four all summer by planting two rows in lettuce seed. A package of seed may be bought for five cents. The general rule' in planting this and other vegetables is to place the seed in the ground four times the length of the seed. This means a very shallow planting for the lettuce seed. It should be barely covered, and should be scattered along the " rows liberally, because seeds on top will dry out and those too deep will be smothered. When the sprouts begin to appear it is probable that there will be too many of them. For this reason the rows should be thinned out to give the plants more room and air in which to mature. Care should be taken not to thin too freely. It will be easy to thin again if necessary, when the plants grow larger. The matter of watering, not only lettuce but also other vegetables, is one of much importance. Most town people water their gardens too often. It is much better to water once a week, thoroughly, than to water once a day, superficially. In the latter case the surface soil is made too wet, while at a little depth .remains nearly dry. Instead of devoting half an hour daily to watering the garden it is much better to devote about two hours to this process weekly. The danger of too much water is particularly applicable to potatoes, which rot when the ground is cold and soggy. To mention lettuce again, the crop matures A CITY VEGETABLE GARDEN 19 OPPORTUNITIES Page 33 in from four to six weeks after planting. A new crop can be planted and this can be succeeded by others throughout the summer, with the result that the housewife can have fresh lettuce until autumn. The observations in regard to lettuce apply also to radishes. The garden will yield in a season only one crop of beets, carrots and onions. The conditions of planting these are similar to those proper for lettuce and radishes. The rows should be about eighteen inches apart. Potatoes are not planted until about the first of May, because the pieces which are put into the ground would rot during the cold, wet weather in the early spring. Seed potatoes are obtained from the seedman and cut into pieces, each of which has one or two eyes in it. Three or four of these pieces are planted in a single hill, the hills being about two feet apart, in straight rows, with two feet between the rows. The pieces of potatoes should be planted about six inches deep. After the plants have been out of the ground a couple of weeks they should be hilled up; that is, the earth should be hoed up around the stocks, for the reason that this enables the latter to absorb more nutriment from the soil. It is well known that the deeper the tuber is in the earth the better will be the flavor of the potato. The plant should be hilled up every two weeks until the potatoes are matured. It is necessary, of course, to keep down weeds, to keep the soil well pulverized, and as has already been mentioned, to be careful not to soak the surface too profusely with water. The potato grower is not bothered by such pests as potato bugs, but he must be careful to avoid potato rot. Early potatoes mature about July first. A quarter of the garden plot under consideration planted in potatoes ought to provide a family of three or four with a sufficient supply for several months. The best way to plant cabbages is to obtain from a seedman some young plants and place these six inches in the ground about the first of May. They should be planted liberally and thinned out as they grow, until each cabbage plant is about a foot apart. These young plants, it may be said, cost ten cents a dozen. Cabbages require from four to five months for maturity. It is best to leave them in the ground until the leaves begin to fall, because frost has a tendency to whiten the hearts and crispen the leaves. Several other varieties of vegetables are, of course, grown in larger gardens, but those mentioned are the ones most suitable to the small home garden. They can be raised at nominal cost The total expense, including fertilizer, all seeds and incidentals, ought not to amount to more than five dollars. From this small expenditure and a moderate amount of intelligent work, produce can be obtained worth at least twenty times the amount of money spent. The work in the garden is, of course, not arduous. It is just sufficient to give a man pleasant exercise between office or shop hours and his evening meal, and it keeps him in good physical condition. 'The more gardens the fewer doctors' bills," is a saying containing much truth. Moreover, there is a distinct appeal to the palate and the appetite in vegetables which come fresh from your own garden instead of passing through many careless hands. It is safe to say that the home vegetable garden gives better returns than almost anything else for the expenditure of a little time and healthful labor, and a very small amount of money. Industrial Progress in British Columbia A Glance at the Province's Big Momentum in Many Lines of Constructive Industry The first ten-mile stretch of steel on the Kettle Valley Railroad out of Merritt was laid in February. The British Columbia Steel Company, capitalized largely in Paris, will establish a ten million dollar plant at Port Mann. Preliminary work is under way on the big drydock at Esquimalt where will be built the Pacific squadron of the Canadian Navy. Salmon canneries in British Columbia have spent over half a million dollars for equipment and supplies for the canning season this year. The most extensive gypsum properties of the West, it is said, are located near Spatsum, on the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, and will be made the basis of a big gypsum refinery and factory. The Western Steel Corporation, for a sum said to be one hundred thousand dollars, has purchased nine iron ore claims on Louise Island, in the Queen Charlotte group. Construction has been started on the Canadian Northern Railway between Popkum and Hope, a distance of twenty miles. Over fifteen thousand acres of fruit lands in Fire Valley, it is said, have been sold this winter to coast and eastern capitalists. The gross value of metals passed through the smelter at Trail for the six months ending December 31st, was $2,294,000. The building of a special cable steamer for laying and repairing the telephone cable is under consideration by the British Columbia Telephone Company. The Vancouver Exhibition Association is now actively preparing for the Fair in the late summer or early fall, and has decided upon plans for a main building costing about $30,000. The water commissioner and city engineer of Victoria have begun on pipe lines and other construction work for the bringing of water to the city from Sooke Lake. The Grand Trunk Pacific has secured the Indian Reserve at North Fort George for townsite purposes. The Victoria city engineer is preparing to spend approximately a million dollars for asphalt paving authorized by the city council. Price Ellison, Provincial minister of finance, has made estimates calling for the expenditure this year by the Government of about twelve million dollars. Construction work is being rushed on the Port Mann wharf, which will be five hundred feet long and one hundred feet wide. It has been pointed out that the breeding of deer for meat, skins and horns, is more profitable than raising cattle, and it is said that encouragement of this new industry is being considered by the Provincial authorities. A syndicate of British capitalists, under the name of the British Columbia Shipping Company, has been formed to operate large colliers for loading ocean steamships with bunker coal. Page 34 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 WATER POWER IS ONE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA'S GREATEST NATURAL RESOURCES It has been announced that the Canadian Pacific Railway Company has given an order for a steamer which will be similar to the Princess Adelaide and. which will ply between Vancouver, Prince Rupert, and Stewart. A Canadian Pacific Railway official has announced that the company plans to start this spring on extensive improvements and new trackage in the vicinity of Coquitlam and will spend millions of dollars in this work. It is said that five hundred men will be put to work in the early spring constructing an irrigation system for sixteen thousand acres of land which have recently changed hands in the Columbia Valley. A well known steel corporation of Montreal has taken options on three sites near Vancouver, having waterfrontage, for a steel plant. It is said that a large tract on the Fraser, almost opposite Port Mann is the most favored site. Tfie growth of population in Vancouver is indicated by the fact that the P. Burns Company, the wholesale and retail butchers, have decided upon plans to double their abbatoir capacity at a cost of about $200,000. Fifty-foot lots to the number of several hundred in West Fairview and Kitsilano which are now being cleared by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, will be offered for sale by auction some time during the spring. The Westminster Board of Trade throws light on the rapid development of their city by announcing that during the last year the local land registry office returns show an increase of 54 per cent; the customs office 45 per cent.; the post office 30 per cent., with 22 per cent, increase in stamp sales and 50 per cent, in the amount of mail handled. The fisheries of British Columbia are bound to greatly expand. The markets for our canned salmon is already world wide, and the demand for other fish products of the Province is increasing steadily. It has been announced that a syndicate of British capitalists have bought the property and assets of the Central Okanagan Land Company, including eight thousand acres near Kelowna, and the irrigation system and water rights, for considerably over a million dollars. The purchasers intend to subdivide the property into five and ten-acre farms. Canadian Pacific Railway officials are discussing a project to extend Granville Street through the present station out to the Inlet, on steel and concrete arches, for the purpose of having a direct connection between the street and the big passenger steamers. Lulu Island has recently become a center of real estate activity as the result of a report that the Canadian Northern Railway has taken options on waterfront property near Steveston, with a view to facilitating its deep water transportation. The Provincial Government estimates for this fiscal yenr call for over fi<ur million dollars for roads, streets, bridges, wharves, and other similar improvements in the Province. Of this total Vancouver Island has secured nearly half a million dollars. The Western Steel Corporation has obtained railroad freight rates which will enable it to cut under Pittsburg prices in supplying steel to the Northwest, and will, it is said, spend half a million dollars this year on its Fraser River plant. It is said that United States steel men are seeking sites near Vancouver in order to compete for the steel business of the North-west. Kootenay exports to the United States in 1910 were more than double in value those of 1909, and the number of shippers during the same period increased over 100 per cent. The total value of exports to the United States from the Nelson Consular District during 1909 was $2,782,480, and in 1910 it was $5,631,- 667. The largest single item was blister copper, from the British Columbia Copper and Granby Company's smelters. The Grand Trunk Pacific branch line between Fort George and Vancouver will follow Harrison Lake and the Lil- looet River to Pemberton Meadows and thence east by way of Seaton and Anderson Lakes to the Fraser at Lil- looet, where the line will follow the river up the west bank seventy miles to Big Bar, crossing there to the east side and thence on to Fort George. The Dominion Development Railroad Company has been organized to build a new transcontinental line that will open up an expansive section of Northern British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Alberta. It will have its western terminus at a point near the mouth of the Naas River on the British Columbia coast, and after following the Naas to its source will be extended in the direction of the head-waters of the Omineca River. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES H. L. JENKINS PRESIDENT The Vancouver Trus Company Limitec 614 Pender St. W., Vancouver, B. C. "Vancouver Trust Building" IN a PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE S Insure against Smallpox, Typhoid Fever, and all other Diseases by taking- a Policy in the Imperial Guarantee & Accident Insurance Company Insure your house with Fireman's Fund Insurance Company of San Francisco Westchester Fire Insurance Company of New York Insure your Automobile with Fireman's Fund Insurance Company of San Francisco FIRE Your Policy will cover loss by THEFT COLLISION A GENERAL TRUST BUSINESS TRANSACTED Moderate Charges Efficient Service A TRUST COMPANY ASSURES SAFETY Kamloops, B. C.: KAMLOOPS-VANCOUVER TRUST COMPANY LIMITED PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 36 OPPORTUNITIES 191 Laws Governing the Pre-empting of |N view of the fact that there is a great deal of crown land open to pre-emption in the regions which will be opened by new railroads, it will be useful to persons to have a knowledge of the British Columbia laws governing land pre-emptions. For this reason a brief synopsis of the more important laws is given below: Crown Lands—Crown Lands mean and include such ungranted Crown or public lands as are within the Province of British Columbia, and whether or not any waters flow over or cover the same. Pre-emptions — Crown lands, where such a system is practicable, are laid off and surveyed into quadrilateral townships, containing thirty-six sections of one square mile in each. Any person being head of a family, a widow, or a single man over the age of eighteen years and being a British subject, or any alien, upon making a declaration of his intention to become a British subject, may, for agricultural purposes, record any tract of unoccupied and unreserved Crown lands (not being an Indian settlement and not being timber land) not exceeding 160 acres in extent. No person can hold more than one preemption claim at a time. Prior record of pre-emption of one claim and all rights under it are forfeited by subsequent record or pre-emption of another claim. Land recorded or pre-empted cannot be transferred or conveyed until after a Crown grant has been issued. Such land until the Crown grant is issued, is held by occupation. Such occupation must be a bona fide personal residence of the settler or his family. The settler must enter into occupation of the land within sixty days after recording and must continue to occupy it. Continuous absence for a period longer than two months consecutively of the settler or family, is deemed cessation of occupation; but leave of absence may be granted not exceeding six months in any one year, inclusive of two months' absence. Land is considered abandoned if unoccupied for more than two months consecutively. If so abandoned, the land becomes waste lands of the Crown. The fee on recording is $2.00. The settler shall have the land surveyed at his own expense (subject to the rectification of the boundaries) within five years from the date of record. After survey has been made, upon proof in declaration in writing of himself and two other persons of occupation for two years from the date of pre-emption, and of having made permanent improvement on the land to the value of $2.50 per acre, the settler, on producing the pre-emption certificate, obtains a certi- V«TaK^*>wT. GRAIN IS A CHIEF CROP ON LANDS NEWLY CLEARED 91 OPPORTUNITIES Central British Columbia i rami Along the line of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway: Wheat, Oats, Barley, Rye, Timothy, Red Clover, Potatoes, Parsnips, Beets, Carrots, Onions and Cabbages, all make bonanza crops. We own some of the best land in the Fort George District, Nechaco Valley and Bulkley Valley. You can still buy p-ood land at reasonable prices and on easy terms. Small cash payment and five years on the balance. Title guaranteed. CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA IS THE COMING COUNTRY North Coast Land Company, Ltd. PAID UP CAPITAL, $1,000,000.00 411 Winch Building Vancouver, B. C. „ Write your name and address below and mail to North Coast Land Company, Ltd. 411 Winch Buildine\ Vancouver, B. C. Please send your pamphlets and other advertising' matter to the above address. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISER8. THANK YOU. Page 38 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 ficate of improvement upon the payment of a fee of $2.00. After obtaining the certificate of improvement and paying for the land the settler is entitled to a Crown grant in fee-simple. He pays $10 therefor. The price of Crown lands pre-empted is $1.00 per acre, which must be paid in four equal instalments, as follows: First instalment, two years from date of record or pre-emption, and yearly thereafter, but the last instalment is not payable until after the survey, if the land is unsurveyed. Two, three or four settlers may enter into partnership with preemptions of 160 acres each, and reside on one homestead. Improvements amounting to $2.50 per acre made on some portion thereof will secure a Crown grant for the whole, conditions of payment being same as above. Coal and petroleum lands do not pass under grant of lands acquired since the passage of the Land Act Amendment of 1899. No Crown grant can be issued to any alien who may have recorded or pre-empted by virtue of his declaring his intention to become a British subject, unless he- has become naturalized. The heirs or devisees of the settler are entitled to the Crown grant on his decease. Purchases—Crown lands may be purchased to the extent of 640 acres, and for this purpose are classified as first and second class, according to the report of the surveyor. Lands which are suitable for agricultural purposes, or which are capable of being brought under cultivation profitably, or which are wild hay-meadow lands, rank as and are considered to be first class lands. All other lands other than timber lands shall rank and be classified as second class lands. Timbered lands (that is, lands which contain milling timber to the -average extent of 8,000 feet per acre west of the Cascades—Coast Range—and 5,000 feet per acre east of the Cascades—Coast Range—to each 160 acres) are not open for sale. The minimum price of first class lands shall be $5.00 per acre, and that of second class lands $2.50 per acre. Provided, however, that the Chief Com missioner may for any reason increase the price of any land above the said prices. No improvements are required on such lands unless a second purchase is contemplated. In such case the first purchase must be improved to the extent of $3.00 per acre. When the application to purchase is filed, the applicant shall deposit with the Commissioner a sum equal to fifty cents per acre on the acreage applied for. When the land is finally allotted the purchaser shall pay the balance of the purchase price. Leases—Leases of Crown lands which have been subdivided by survey in lots not exceeding twenty acres, may be obtained; and if requisite improvements are made and conditions of the lease fulfilled at the expiration of the lease, Crown grants are issued. Leases (containing such covenants and conditions as may be thought advisable) of Crown lands may be granted by the Lieutenant- Governor in Council for the following purposes: (a) For the purpose of cutting hay thereon for a term not exceeding ten years; (b) For any purpose whatsoever, except cutting hay as aforesaid, for a term not exceeding twenty-one years. Leases shall not include a greater area than 1,000 acres. Leased lands may be staked by an agent. Exemptions—The farm and buildings, when registered, cannot be taken for debt incurred after registration; and it is free for seizure up to a value not greater than $500. Cattle "farmed on shares" are also protected by an Exemption Act. Pre-emptions are exempt from taxation for two years from date of -record, and there is an exemption of $500 for four years after record. Homesteads—The Government of British Columbia does not gran' free homesteads. The fact of a person having a homestead in another Province, or on Dominion -Government lands in this Province, is no bar to pre-empting Crown lands in British Columbia. Dominion Government Lands—All the lands in British Columbia within twenty miles on each side of the Canadian Pacific Railway main line are the property of Canada, with all the timber and minerals they contain (except precious metals). This tract of land, known as the Railway Belt, with its timber, hay, waterpowers, coal and stone, is now/ administered by the Department of the Interior of Canada, practically according to the same laws and regulations as are the public lands in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and the Territories. Dominion Government agencies are established at Kamloops and New Westminster. The Dominion Government also owns 3,500,- 000 acres of land in the Peace River country, lying between the 120th and 122nd meridians. Any British subject who is the sole head of a family, or any male of the age of eighteen years, may secure a homestead of 160 acres on any unoccupied land within the Railway Belt, on application to the local land agent, and on payment of a fee of $10.00. The homesteader must reside on the land for six months in every year, and cultivate at least fifteen acres for three years, when he will be entitled to a free grant or patent. How to Secure a Pre-emption—Any person desiring to pre-empt unsurveyed Crown lands must observe the following rules: 1. Place a post four or more inches square, and four or more feet high above the ground—a tree stump squared and of proper height will do—at an angle or corner of the claim, and mark upon it his name and the corner or angle represented, thus: "A. B.'s land, N. E. corner post," (meaning north-east corner, or as the case may be), and shall post a written or printed notice on the post in the following form:— "I, A.' B., intend to apply for a preemption record of acres of land, bounded as follows: Commencing at this post, thence north chains; thence east chains; thence south chains; thence west chains (or as the case may be). "Name (in full) "Date" tJ. V. ALBURTY & COMPANY, LTD. BUILDING MATERIALS Some of our Specialties: Terra Gotta, Plaster Board, Gypsinite Studdings and Furring, Lane Joist Hangers, Bay State Cement Coating, Luxfer Side Walk and Window Prisms, Window Goal Chutes, Lowrie Wall Safes, Bank Fittings, Interior Hardwood Finish. We cater to the builder who wants QUALITY. Our prices are reasonable. VANCOUVER, B. C. VICTORIA B. C. CEDAR COTTAGE, B. C. 9o2-3- 1 Dominion Trust Bldg. Phones 7855-6161 Times Building Phone 2558 Phone 5133 PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 39 2. After staking the land, the applicant must make an application in writing to the Land Commissioner of the district in which the land lies, giving a full description of the land, and a sketch plan of it; this description and plan to be in duplicate. The fee for recording is $2.00. 3. He shall also make a declaration, in duplicate, before a Justice of the Peace, Notary Public, or Commissioner, in Form 2 of the "Land Act," and deposit same with his application. In the declar- same with his application. In the declaration he must declare that the land staked by him is unoccupied and unreserved Crown land, and not in an Indian settlement; that the application is made on his own behalf and for his own use for settlement and occupation, for agricultural purposes; and that he is duly qualified to take up and record land. 4. If the land is surveyed the pre- emptor must make application to the Commissioner exactly as in the case of unsurveyed lands, but it will not be necessary to plant posts. 5. Every pre-emption shall be of a rectangular or square shape, and 160 acres shall measure either 40 chains by 40 chains (880 yards by 880 yards) or 20 chains by 80 chains (440 yards by 1,760 yards); 80 acres shall measure 20 chains by 40 chains; and 40 acres, 20 chains by 20 chains. All lines shall be run true north and south and true east and west. 6. When a pre-emption is bounded by a lake or river, or by another pre-emption or by surveyed land, such boundary may be adopted and used in describing the boundaries of the land. 7. Sixty days after recording the pre- emptor must enter into occupation of the land and proceed with improving same. Occupation means continuous bona fide personal residence of the pre-emptor or his family, but he and his family may be absent for any one period not exceeding two months in any year. If the pre- emptor can show good reason for being absent from his claim for more than two months, the Land Commissioner may WM. RENNIE CO. LTD. Toronto—Montreal—Winnipeg—Vancouver Vancouver Branch: 1138 HOMER STREET PHONE 8550 Our 1911 Catalogue is now ready for distribution. If you have not received a copy, we shall be pleased to mail one to you. grant him six months' leave. Absence without leave for more than two months will be looked upon as an abandonment of all rights, and the record may be cancelled. 8. No person can take up or hold more than one pre-emption. 9. The pre-emptor must have his claim surveyed, at his own expense, within five years from the date of record. 10. The price of pre-empted land is one dollar per acre, to be paid for in four equal annual instalments of twenty-five cents per acre, the first instalment to be paid two years after record. 11. After full payment has been made the pre-emptor shall be entitled to a Crown grant of the land, on payment of a fee of $10.00. 12. A pre-emption cannot be sold or transferred until after it is Crown granted. 13. A pre-emption cannot be staked or recorded by an agent. INTERIOR EFFECTS In redecorating one or more rooms in your home, it is advisable to take into consideration the period of furniture manufacture on hand. But a living room papered in mellow tones of chrome yellow will always convey an impression of sunshine, which is really one of the essential features to be desired in such a room. Stripes or very quiet designs should be considered rather than pronounced conventional patterns. This treatment will make the walls effective though unobtrusive, and will allow the room furnishings to assert their individuality. Drawing room or parlor color schemes are usually more decorative; soft pinks, greens and tans on an ivory ground are very effective and pleasing. When choosing carpets or rugs for such a room try and harmonize along the shades in the paper, or, if walls must be fitted to rugs, choose colors which will seem to have the best bearing upon the rugs that are already in use on the floor. NORTH V ANf^OIIVr R *s on ^e eve °f tne greatest development that has ever taken place on the Pacific Coast **V/1Y1 «* ■ /»1™ V/W ¥ I-ilY 0f North America. The long delayed Second Narrows Bridge connecting the north shore with all the railways of the continent is to be constructed at once. Ocean Docks, Shipbuilding Yards, Car Works, Steel Works and Railway Terminals are all coming to take up its miles of waterfront. There has never been a better opportunity to acquire valuable property at a nominal price. P R I !\ lfl A I w* is iri the centre of this region of coming activity, and is being offered for a short time at a much lower price *^*^*1^ MJaXLaL* than anything in the district. Every lot guaranteed good, and inspection invited. All roads are graded. Good soil, free from rock or gully. One-fifth acre blocks. PRICE $330 to $500. TERMS :—One-fifth cash; Balance over two years. Wire, write or call and secure one or more at once. They will be worth thousands soon. We specialize in NORTH VANCOUVER property and can always give you the best value on the market. 340 Pender Street W. D. MACLURG, Real Estate Broker VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 40 OPPORTUNITIES 191 Provincial Receipts and Expenditures WHILE the Budget speech of Price Ellison, Provincial Minister of Finance, is well worth reading in its entirety, it is much too long for reproduction here and therefore a few items are selected which give special indication of the remarkable development of British Columbia. "As an instance of the great activity in real estate, $408,206 was derived last years from registry fees. The interest on cash deposits in the bank in 1903-4 amounted to $7,886, and in 1909-10 to $157,493, the latter figure being nearly double the income of the year previous. When the present government came into power in 1903, the estimates showed a revenue of $2,193,476 and an expenditure of $2,491,566. This year's estimates show a revenue of $8,192,101, and an estimated expenditure of $11,030,790. "I trust that no one will become alarmed at the prospect of a deficit of $3,000,000. The Government has decided to meet the requirements of the country in the way of public improvements squarely, even at the expense of our surplus. There is an immense amount of money required to open up an immense extent of territory. "The revenue tax depends upon the population and the latter is increasing at the rate of from 50,000 to 100,000 a year. We have allowed $25,000 additional under that head. From real and personal property and income I have anticipated an increase of $75,000. It may be more than that. Land taxes, which include wild coal and timber lands are placed at $250,000. The mineral tax has become a more or less steady source of income and no change has been made in the item of $100,000. The royalty on coal, however, has been increased to $200,000 from $150,000. "There is an item which I am sure we all regard with a great deal of satisfaction, and that is bank interest to the extent of $200,000, an increase of $50,000 over last year's estimates. This represents interest on $6,666,666 on deposit in the banks doing business in the Province. In estimating the above receipts for the coming fiscal year, the Government has been very conservative, and I feel quite safe in saying that the actual receipts will very considerably exceed $8,000,000. The eautiful •J It is one thing to build a " Home," quite another to Furnish and Decorate it. Is it not as essential to have the advantage of experience, natural ability and good taste in executing such work, as it is to engage the services of a lawyer or doctor for business with which they are related ? □ □ m □ ed I AM AT YOUR SERVICE My training will materially assist you; the task will be made lighter, in fact, a pleasure. You will find delight in planning for your | New Home," and the decorating and furnishing will be a matter of great interest and profit.. ed cd cd Dealer in Art Furniture Fabrics, Metal Goods Electric Fittings. Designer of Interior Schemes Color Specialist Importer of Rugs and Works of Art. ALFRED HUGGETT 824 PENDER STREET WEST TELEPHONE 5665 Trourtee School of Show Card Writing Correspondence and class lessons for men and women Call or write for particulars 635 Granville Phone 1868 VANCOUVER, B. C. Phone 6445 100 Loo Bldg . M THE UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING COMPANY Type-writing Reproductions A 30-line Letter on your paper 250 Copies $3.50 500 « ' .... 3.00 1000 p 4. 00 Prices! Compg. 10c. line; Ptg. 20c per 100 sheets. For Kerrisdale Properties Consult the Specialist John M. Chappell Room 2, 443 Pender Street Owners ate requested to list all Point Grey property with me PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES FIRE VALLEY ORCHARDS LIMITED 325 Homer Street, Vancouver, B. C. Dear Sirs: Without obligating myself in any manner, please send me full particulars regarding your ground floor Fruit Land Subdivision, showing an estimated net profit of 500%. Date Name Address HOLMES PATENT DISAPPEARING BEDS are Space Savers, Sanitary, Economical, and the correct thing for apartments, hotels and bungalows. See them at 210—319 PENDER STREET WEST VANCOUVER, B. C. «$.•••«••• BULLEN & LAMB LATE BULLEN PHOTO CO. Amateur Finishing and Enlarging. Picture Framing 743 PENDER STREET WEST, 2 Doors from Orptaeuni Theatre PHONE 7020 »—•—••••—•—••••—••••••••»••" •$•••-•-•-•-•. '•■■•■■»■■»•..-.»..»-»., -♦-• i«n»i'i '• i«^»- WOODWORKERS LIMITED WHOLESALE and RETAIL Manufacturers of all kinds of Sash, Doors, Show Cases, Bank, Office and Store Fixtures. ROUGH and DRESSED LUMBER. Laths, Shingles, and every kind of building material. Office and Factory: 2843 DOUGLAS STREET, VICTORIi, B. C. >tll»lltll>ll>M»l.»..«..»..«..».^.^~«..».l»M>M>»«..»..«»>.^..»..»»^»^">»>^"«.'«».>~^ The Leading House for Commercial and Architectural Photography POINT f^!Pi=-Y Cnoice Residence Property in any part of Point Grey. r^wlBia I ^^JtL_ Special and strictly business attention given to mail orders. H. O. KEEFER, Point Grey Specialist SUCCESSOR TO MOLE & KEEFER 10 65 Granville Street »„»_»..»,«,. »..«..»—»~«~«..»..«..»..»-«..«—»-«••«••••••->- »..«•-»-«•••—*—♦■ C1 A S( I /) h Tl?e "Beet without a Peez »■•♦•■«-♦—♦ PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU Page 42 OPPORTUNITIES 91 POINT GREY Inside Business Property House Proper SPECIALISTS A. E. AOST a Phone 2900 328 Granville St., Vancouver, B. C. Kootenay Gold lines Limited (NON-PERSONAL LIABILITY) A company organized for the development and improvement of what is at present a working, paying" mine. €| Possibly, the only chance you have ever had to buy shares in a company organized for the purpose of taking over an operating mining proposition. ^ A company different from others and issuing a prospectus that is different—a company willing to submit to you the fullest proofs of its earning capacity, the value of its property and the soundness of its business organization. Surely this is worth while investigating. •J A limited number of shares only are being placed at par value, $1.00 per share, on very reasonable terms. C| Cut out this "ad," write your name and address across it, and we will forward prospectus and full particulars. Investors Trust & Mortgage | Corporation Ltd* 134 Hastings St, West VANCOUVER OFFICIAL AGENTS OF The British Columbia Homes Trust, Ltd. REPRESENTATIVES IN EUROPE Die Deutch-Amerikanische Handelsges, Berlin N W 7, Mittelstrasse, 23. Th. von Roeder, Hamburg, Alsterdamm, 63. BRANCH OFFICES 1132 Granville Street, Vancouver, B. C. (Phone 4595) 443 Lonsdale Avenue, North Vancouver (Phone 114) Cables: "Warburnitz," Vancouver ABC Code, 5th Edition Head Offices: 411 PENDER STREET, VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 5522 Farm Lands in Central MBritish Columbia The Opportunity of your Life ^ Don't wait till transportation is in, and have to pay four times what you can buy for now. We have transportation from Quesnel, B. C. ^ If you want to purchase with small cash payment, see or write us. THE LAST 505 Cotton Building H. McINTOSH :at west Vancouver, B. C. D. GARNHAM PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 43 G-OLiXDT You know all about the fortunes that have been dug out of the ground. All the great fortunes of the ages have been made out of the utilization of the natural resources of the earth—oil, coal, gas, silver, iron, lead, gold and all the other minerals that contribute so largely to the profits of industrialism. Everybody knows that this is true and nobody knows it better than men like Rockefeller and Carnegie and Morgan. The only serious problem is to find the RIGHT PLACE. AND THERE'S GOLD AT STEAMBOAT, PLENTY OF IT, BASKETS FULL OF IT! GOLD! It's what you all want. And there is NO PLACE IN THE WORLD TO-DAY THAT HOLDS THE PROMISE OF SUCH BIG RETURNS AS THE STEAMBOAT -MOUNTAIN DISTRICT. Every mining expert who has visited SEAMBOAT predicts that the next two months will witness a rush to STEAMBOAT which will equal the rush to California in '49 and the subsequent rushes into Cripple Creek, Nevada, Alaska and the Yukon. Those who are on the ground first are the men who are going to win. Last year C. S. Walgamott and his associates went into the STEAMBOAT region. They discovered several rich claims. THE ORE TAKEN FROM THESE CLAIMS SPARKLES WITH GOLD; IT IS IMPREGNATED WITH IT. THE STEAMBOAT CENTRAL MINES, LTD., has purchased SADDLE ROCK, SADDLE ROCK No. 3 and KILO No. 5, from Mr. Walgamott and these properties are full of— T Do you want to share in the vast wealth of the STEAMBOAT MOUNTAIN region, where $520 a ton is the AVERAGE value shown in NINE ASSAYS taken from TWO DIFFERENT TUNNELS? Assays taken from the surface show an average of $19.50 in gold AFTER ELIMINATING ALL VALUES OVER $30. And experts estimate that it will cost only $2.50 PER TON TO MINE AND MILL THE STEAMBOAT MOUNTAIN ORE. These figures ought to interest you. They tell a story of OPPORTUNITY UNEQUALLED since the discovery of Goldfield, Nevada. DO YOU WANT TO SHARE IN THIS OPPORTUNITY? If you do, let us know. We are disposing of $50,000 worth of stock that has a par value of $1.00 a share at 25 cents a share. IT IS THE BEST CHANCE TO MAKE MONEY YOU WILL EVER HAVE. Let us talk with you. Our address is Suite 806 Bower Building, 543 Granville Street. WALGAMOTT & EAMES, Fiscal Agents STEAMBOAT CENTRAL MINES LTD. Remember the Steamboat ore we'll show you isnspecfcled with gs-ox_.:di PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 44 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 "Opportunities" Brokers' and Business Directory Zbe progressive Brokerage, financial and Industrial Tirnts and Institutions of British Columbia. E. C. B. BAGSHAWE & CO. Real Estate and General Brokers 1112 Broad St., Bownass Building Phone 2271 - - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 3628 DUTHIE & WISHART Real Estate and Financial Agents 520 Pender St. W., VANCOUVER, B. C. SAMUEL HARRISON & CO. Brokers and Financial Agents. Agents Stewart Land Co., Ltd. Stewart, B. C. Prince Rupert, B. C. A. H. HARMAN Real Estate 1317 Broad St. - VICTORIA, B. C. Phone 1918 ALFRED M. HOWELL Customs Broker, Forwarding Agent Office—23 Promis Block Telephone 1501, Res. R1671 1006 Government St., VICTORIA, B. C. LEONARD, REID & CO. Victoria Real Estate, Vancouver Island Lands and. Timber 420, 421 and 422 Pemberton Block, VICTORIA, B. C. HAMILTON & MYERS We run an up-to-date Pool Room, Bowling Alley and Shooting Gallery We also carry a full line of Cigars, Tobaccos and Confectionery Specialties. Opposite Oddfellows' Hall Sumas, WASH. GEORGE LEEK Real Estate, Notary Public Exchange Block, PRINCE RUPERT, B. C P. O. Box 247 Phone 178 T. J. POLLEY & CO. Real Estate, Fire, Life and Accident Insurance. Plate Glass Insurance. Conveyancing. Notaries. Agents for Canadian Home Investment Co. and Commercial Loan and Trust Co. Ltd. CHILLIWACK, B. C. Phone 815 P. O. Box 735 The City Brokerage Real Estate, Timber and Fire Insurance A. T. ABBEY, Manager 1218 Douglas St. VICTORIA, B. C. Real Estate Insurance Loans Rooming Houses Business Chances Collections JOHN M. PARK GOLDEN RULE BROKERAGE Phones: Office 5346 Residence 2662 iii7 Granville St. Vancouver, B. C. «8»^«^«»»«»»">"»'»>*»>~»'.««.>'^*»>'.«*«»'«»m»«.>*««'««.«>">'*»"»">">««$» «$w««m«»»»m ninii»niii»iininii>^«»i>«»iimii>ii>">"»» The PORTLAND Mrs, Baker, Proprietress 723 YATES ST. Phone 2404 The only modern rooming house in town. Steam heat, running hot and cold water and telephones in all rooms. Newly furnished throughout, and up-to-date in every respect. TERMS MODERATE ♦$.••••••• VICTORIA, B. C, Mrs. J. E. Elliott Hand-made Goods a Specialty .•..•..•■.«..•..9..»■••■■«..•. • ••••■•••••■■• I The most Ip-to-Date Store t ? For Neckwear, Blouses, Underwear | and everything needful for Infants and Children. Phone R313 730 Yates St. VICTORIA, B. C. } «««»n.»»t»»i».>i.t»>m»t..ii.t«>H»i.»n>iiimii«ii>i.>ii>i.|ii^i VANCOUVER CIRCULAR AND ADV. CO. "THE MULTIGRAPH PEOPLE" Makers of Personal Circular Letters to follow up Prospects Press Clipping: Bureau in connection, covering B. C. H. J. McLATCHY, Manager Phone 1937 615 Pender St. W. Hours 9 to 6 JNO. JACKSON Phone 3351 s cientific Ch iropodist Corns Nails, Odors removed without pain, Bunions, Ingrowing Club Nails, Callouses, Pedicuring, Fetid and Sweaty Feet successfully treated. 305 Loo Building, Abbott and Has tings Sts. VANCOUVER, B. C. PATTULO & RADFORD Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents P. O. Box 1535 PRINCE RUPERT, B. C. Cable Address: "Patrad" C. ARTHUR REA Late of Brandon, Manitoba Real Estate, Insurance, Money to Loan, Etc. Law Chambers, VICTORIA, B. C. ROYAL REALTY COMPANY Real Estate, Insurance and Financial Agents Phone 2394 Notary Public 615 Fort St. - VICTORIA, B. C. SMITH & SMITH Real Estate and Commission Agents P. O. Box 41 J. H. Smith W. R. Smith Fourth Ave. - - STEWART, B. C. ALFRED WILLIAMS Construction Engineer Temporary Office New Metropolitan Building Hastings St. W. - VANCOUVER, B. C. A. SCHUMACHER Dealer in Clothing, Furnishings, Sporting Goods SUMAS, WASH. [ C. W. F OSTER R. McKELVE I PANTORIUM j Tailoring phone ism Renovating Suits Sponged and Pressed for 75c. One trial will make you a regular customer. L313 Gambie St. Vancouver, B, C. > Phone 7132 Room 112 Carter-Cotton Bid. Vancouver, B. C. YOUNG & FRANCEY ENGINEERS & DRAUGHTSMEN Blue Printing, Tracing, Maps, Show Card Writing Designs and Specifications for Steel and Concrete Buildings Drawings tor Real Estate and Contractors Architectural Perspectives LEARN BOYD'S SYLLABIC SHORTHAND And become a competent Stenographer in 30 days You can accomplish this by correspondence. Others have done it. You can too. Price $25 for complete course. BOYD'S SHORTHAND INSTITUTE (late western business collkge) 709 Dunsmuir Street Vancouver, B. C. J. W. POTTER Architect and Structural engineer Reinforced Concrete a Specialty LSW-BDTLER BUILDING FRINGE RUPERT, B. ©. P. ©. BOX 271 i|»»"»">"»"«"»"»"»"»"«"»"*-«"»">"«"»"*"*"'"«"*"*"******< ] G. W. ARNOTT S CO. I Jfeal Estate and Insurance I Drawer 1539 <** Prince Rupert Splendid Opportunities for Investors 4 PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 911 OPPORTUNITIES The Farmer and the Sugar Beet A Combination which Promises to Establish the Province of British Columbia on a Solid Financial Basis in Spite of Tariff Disturbances i. Much thought, time, energy and many words are being expended upon the question of Reciprocity. If one-half the energy which is being wasted upon futile discussions of this subject could be devoted to an intelligent study of the subject of intensive industries for Canada there would be no need for alarm upon the tariff question. The future of British Columbia depends entirely upon the way its industries are encouraged, developed and fostered. Agriculture is the backbone of the future financial independence of this Province. Sugar Beets grown under proper conditions are the most profitable and economical crop a farmer can grow. The soil of the Fraser River Valley and the adjacent territory offers ideal conditions for such growth. We can prove this to you by a score of witnesses. It is the duty of every property owner to foster this industry, because it assures and enhances the value of his holdings. The Fraser Valley Sugar Company has been formed to demonstrate that this industry can be made to pay large and quick returns upon a modest investment. Every dollar turned into its treasury is used for honest development. Its directorate have devoted gratuitous service and labored hugely for this development. The German- American farmers of the North-west have become intensely interested and have agreed to provide the beets. A good portion of the capital has been subscribed. More is on the way. If you are interested in the proposition and want to share in the honorable rewards of home industry, send for Booklet K, which describes the whole subject from Alpha to Omega. Stock selling at $10 to-day will sell for $130 in a few years, if precedent can be relied upon. The Fraser Valley Sugar Works LIMITED Main Office: Plant: MISSION CITY, B. C. 319 Pender St. W., VANCOUVER PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Paee 46 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 YOU can keep posted on all the new and important developments in the PEACE RIVER, the CARIBOO and the FORT GEORGE COUNTRY by reading our FREE Monthly, B. C. BULLETIN OF INFORMATION, which gives all the news, impartially clipped from the leading dailies, weeklies and magazines, articles bearing on B. C, covering Farm Lands, Fruit, Lumbering, Mining, Fishing, New Railways, also Synopsis of Mining, Land, Lumber, Immigration and other laws. We are Joint Owners and Sole Agents of FORT GEORGE Townsite situated at the junction of 1100 miles of navigable waterways, the strategic point for the building of the second largest city of British Columbia, having more varied and important natural advantages than Spokane. Seven railroads building and projected—$100,000,000 (estimated) will be spent in next five years in railroad building, radiating from Fort George—millions of agricultural acres waiting for farmers—coal, timber, lands, water power and rich gold mining country all tributary to Fort George. Ifl Write us to-day. We don't ask you to buy—just get posted—then do what you think is wise. Natural Resources Security Company Limited 409 BOWER BUILDING VANCOUVER, B. C. LYNN VALLEY €J This is one of the most beautiful districts adjoining Vancouver. Good building Lots forty minutes from the Post Office can be obtained cheaply. ^ Our present Subdivision is D. L. 2023. We are selling lots for $300. $25 cash, $10 monthly. Five cents car fare; five minutes from present car line. ^ We reserve the right to withdraw these Lots, or increase prices and terms at any time owing to the great developments now pending in North Vancouver. For further particulars apply to MERCHANTS TRUST & TRADING CO, Ltd. PAID UP CAPITAL, $100,000.00 Branch Office: Cor. Pender, and Burrard Sts., VANCOUVER, B. G 34 old Broad street, London, Eng. PLEASE M-ENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITIiNG TO ADVERTISERS!- THANK YOUi' 1911 OPPORTUNITIES 3X.3C cuse o WATCH FOR THE LITTLE GREEN SEAL WESTERN SPECIALTY LIMITED LEGAL AND COMMERCIAL STATIONERS AND PRINTERS 314 Pender Street West Phone 5938 VANCOUVER, B. C. Mr. E. G. Parnell, 513 Hamilton Street, Vancouver, B. C. Dear Sir: We are pleased to advise we had a Victor Safe, No. 14, which went through the hottest part of the fire on Sycamore Street, starting at 2.30 on the morning of December 21st, and lasting two hundred and thirty-four hours and forty-nine minutes. This safe fell directly over a three-inch gas main which burst, and we enclose clipping which might be of use to you. The safe was taken from the ruins, opened with combination first trial and contents found intact. We are now located in our new quarters and have, of course, another Victor Safe. Yours truly, (Sgd) The TAYLOR-POOLE CO. Windsor Park IS LOCATED only a short distance from the proposed location of large saw mills, car works, shipbuilding and dry-dock enter- prizes on the shores of Burrard Inlet around Roche Point. IT IS LAID OUT in Large Lots, 41 # x 132 feet. PRICES : Inside Lots, $125.00 Each Double Corner, $275.00 Each Canadian National Investors LIMITED 310 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. Telephone 6488 Open Evenings MY SPELLING IS CORRECT, MY PUNCTUATION ACCURATE and MY TYPEING CAREFULLY DONE Legal Work a Specialty WINIFRED McKAY PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER Phone 5523 504-5 Crown Building J Vancouver, B. C. For the Best and Most Satisfactory Forms of Accident Insurance or Health Policies covering every form of Accident or Sickness, see our latest proposition. General Agent for B. C. for the TRAVELLERS INSURANCE COT Hartford, Conn. W, W, DRESSER 438 Pender Sl W„ VANCOUVER B. G. >VTYTT!rTTTlfTTTTYTTTTTYTTTTTTTTgYTTTTYTTITirrXr!miTTITTTTI IIII11 rTTTTTTTTYTTTTK T» »X T j If interested in Kerrisdale, as buyer or seller, send me your name and address and I will mail you a map of Kerrisdale free. JOHN M. CHAPPELL Room 2, 443 Pender Streeet Vancouver, B. C. Kerrisdale Branch : Wilson Road PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU Page 6 Opportunities 1911 Vancouver Horse Show Association Limited, Vancouver, B. C. FOURTH ANNUAL HORSE SHOW $8000 offered in Cash Prizes and Trophies ADMISSION: 25c. to $1.50 Mornings, Afternoons and Evenings April 25, 26, 27, 26 aild 29, 1911 ENTRIES CLOSE APRIL 8th Are You Looking for a Desirable Summer Home? Here is a Snap for Someone A three roomed cedar bungalow, situated at Woodlands, North Arm of Burrard Inlet—the most popular Summer resort on the North Arm. Cfl It commands a beautiful view. €| Included is nine-tenths of an acre of ground—not wet, but soil unexcelled for fruit growing. C|[ Mountain water piped to the property. (j[ The boat service enables the business man to live at his summer home and keep his regular business hours in the city. Note the Price: Only $1000 on good terms. Full particulars from owner. FRASER S. KEITH Phone 6926 :: Suite 57, 429 Pender St., Vancouver PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 7 VANCOUVER, B. C. CONTENTS. APRIL, 1911 Page Editorial 9 All Hail the Horse William Ford 1 1 Giant Draught Horses : F. D. Gross 12 The Thoroughbred Robert Layton 1 3 Dogs of Quality W. M. Coats 1-5 Old Country Doubting Thomases C. M. B. 18 Agriculture's Debt to Lime Geo. Schumacher, Ph.D. 20 House and Home—Lure of the North Arm E. T. Julian 22 Planning and Building a Home E. Stanley Mitton 24 How Stella Won Out Ethel Cody Stoddard 26 Dressing the Home for Spring Alfred Huggett 29 To Beautify Vancouver W. Marhury Somervell 29 The Flower Garden . f. 30 Velvety Lawns §• .,* iW; 31 On Gardens Alice Ashxoorth Townley 33 Civil Service Opportunities \?: 34 HThe Great North Chas. M. Wilson 38 Industrial Progress 40 L. .J Point Grey Homesites Bounded by Heather and Willow Streets, between 20th and 21st Avenue, the land is cleared ready for building" This is a close-in block and we recommend the property to speculators and home builders as a good investment. Call at office for particulars. JOHN J. BANFIELD Fire Insurance and Loans 607 Hastings Street Your Letters Home are welcomed by the folks who stayed behind. You realize this and consequently you write as often as possible BUT are you able to tell them as much about your new home as you would like to ? f| Have you reliable information to send them, or having that, have you the time to send it? WHY NOT let 'Opportunities' do this for you ? It costs only one dollar a year, and will give the home folks a very much greater amount of information than could possibly be contained in letters. ^ Send us the name and ad- ] dress, together with $ 1.00, and the paper will be sent immediately. Opportunities Publishing Company 429 Pender Street Vancouver, B. C. British J/merican trust Company, Ltd. City and Suburban Real Estate Farm Lands. Dairy and Fruit Farms. Safety Deposit Boxes from $5.00 per year. All kinds of Insurance written. Cotton Building, Vancouver, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. Page 8 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 . SMAGINE yourself in an areoplane over a huge spread of unplowed prairie. You see it in its virgin state as an immense expanse of stillness. But, with a mental finger, push the dial of time on a few years, and take, from above, another look at this prairie. Out in front you see the buildings of a city silhouetted against the sky. To the right and left you see towns— big patches on the plain. Far flung in all directions you see the homes of farmers; and the wind runs over grain fields as over a sea. You look instinctively for the explanation of the wonderful change the few years have wrought, and see, coming up over the horizon, two parallel threads of glistening steel. THE GRAND TRUNK PACIFIC RAILWAY is bringing this transformation to Northwestern Canada. For this immense and fertile section the railroad is the parent of Opportunity. For a miltitude of people whose environments are now too cramped, it is showing the way out into the sunshine of prosperity and independence. A FIELD IN THE HARD WHEAT BELT For instance, here is the town of Cudsworth, in Saskatchewan, forty-five miles north-east of Saskatoon, on the Prince Albert branch of the Grand Trunk Pacific. The great fertility of the country around Cudsworth has attracted many farmers. But it is only now that they have the railroad. Cudsworth will be the terminus, for 1911, of the Grand Trunk Pacific branch between the main line and Prince Albert. This, of course, will mean a big jump for Cudsworth. And here is Meacham, on the same branch, thirty-five miles north of Watrous. In this vicinity are already a large number of thrifty farmers, but many more are moving in. And here is Griffin, at the junction of the Grand Trunk Pacific and Canadian Pacific—a town which is now to what it will be in the future, as the acorn is to the oak. These and a number of other towns created or vitalized by the coming of the Grand Trunk are making very rapid strides ahead. They are towns of Opportunity. Some of them will become cities. Those who arrive now, and make the most of the openings, will grow with the community they select. This is a law of nature; its working is inevitable. The most substantial prosperity on this continent is that which has been achieved by those who have supplied Mother Nature's need for men, by those who have pioneered, who have obtained footholds in growing sections in the early stages of their development. In the communities under consideration there are yet a great many ground-floor opportunities. Write for maps and full details to the j Transcontinental Townsite Co., Ltd. Land Commissioner, G.T.P. Railway, Winnipeg OR HENNESSY & BOUCHARD, 160 Hastings Street West VANCOUVER, B. C. PLEASE MENTION OPPORTUNITIES WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS. THANK YOU. OPPORTUNITIES A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Growth, Development, Resources and Possibilities in British Columbia Entered in the Post Office of Canada as second-class matter. Phone 6926 Published by OPPORTUNITIES PUBLISHING CO., Suite 57, Hutchinson Block, 429 Pender St., W., Vancouver, B. C. OUR AIM: To furnish, at home ana abroad, more complete information regarding British Columbia and the wealth of possibilities she offers for Investment—in Real Estate, Fruit and Farm Lands, Timber, Mining and Industrial Companies—for Health; for Travel; for Recreation; for Sport; for Education and for Enterprise. FRASER S. KEITH, President and Managing Editor HERBERT WELCH, Editor-in-Chief RAY D. CLARKE, Advertising Manager SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR Advertising rates on application. Vol. 3 APRIL, 1911 No. 4 EDITORIAL COME IN ON THE TIDE SOME ESSENTIALS FOR "MAKING GOOD" ' RITISH COLUMBIA'S Minister of Finance, J the Honorable Price Ellison, recently stated that during the fiscal year the population of this Province has increased to the extent of between seventy-five and one hundred thousand persons. There is no doubt that the ratio of increase is growing, and that the present year and succeeding years for a long time to come will each bring greater population to British Columbia. Thirty per cent, is the present ratio of growth. The population in 1910 was three hundred thousand. Basing an estimate on these figures alone we find that in five years British Columbia will have a population of one million. Since it is men who make opportunities for other men, the fact is obvious that with the passing years the opportunities in the Province will steadily increase in numbers. Markets for every kind of agricultural and industrial products will each year see expansion, and more and more workers will be required in our developing industries. This process, as has already been mentioned, will continue for years to come, there are certain kinds of opportunities which have a tendency to diminish. These are the ground floor opportunities. The longer a man remains away from this growing Province the less will become his chances of obtaining a directing hold upon a business ; the greater will be the probability that he will have to be content with a position as an employee rather than an employer. British Columbia is one of the magnets of the world. In many sections of the United States, as well as across the Atlantic, time is constantly stiffening the industrial structure, with the result that it is steadily becoming more difficult for a young man without any special advantages to rise above the crowd. Many thousands of such young men are beginning to appreciate the advantages of working out their careers in sections where conditions are newer and more volatile, and they are therefore turning their eyes and footsteps to British Columbia as one of the last corners of the continent where a man can rise in a general upward movement. This is the reason why there is a great flow of population to British Columbia, and is also the reason why it behooves the man who is contemplating casting his fortunes with this Province to act without too much delay, so that he may be well forward in the procession instead of in the rear ranks. MAN from the Old Country, one day a few ^^ months ago, came into the office of Opportunities and told us that he had recently arrived from England with a wife and children/ and, having no friends here, was finding "difficulty in obtaining a position. Because Opportunities is constantly heralding the opportunities in British Columbia we felt something- of a sense of obligation to our visitor, and interested ourselves in his behalf. Being a good mechanic, he found, in a couple of weeks, work as a mechanician in an automobile shop. We heard no more of him until very recently when we received a letter from him written in one of the towns in England. He stated in his letter that, not finding British Columbia up to his expectations, he had returned to the Old Country, but had discovered that it was impossible for him to resume the old prosaic life amid stationary conditions, and was extremely anxious to return to Vancouver. He requested us to obtain another position for him and then to cable the good news. Upon receipt of the message he would, he said, begin at once the journey back to this Province. This episode brings to the attention several factors which an old country man must reckon with in reaching a decision in the vital matter of starting life anew in what, from his view point, is a distant land. He must rid himself, in the first place, of the idea that his prosperity is assured just as soon as he sets foot on British Columbia soil. While conditions here are particularly propitious for achieving success, these conditions are not, of course, such that will enable any man to stroll into easy street. Here, as elsewhere, time is required before the stranger can adjust himself to his environment, make friends, and find the door to his opportunity. The first few months are always the hardest, and it often happens that during this time the newcomer may find no openings. But if he is the right sort, he is steadily making new acquaintances and is penetrating, so to speak, the unresponsive surface of a big and busy city. If a man is persistently looking for opportunities to work, it almost invariably happens that what may be termed the period of probation begins to merge quite suddenly into a time when offers and openings arise in several directions, and his problem develops from one of finding work into one of what work it is wisest to select. This has been the Page 10 OPPORTUNITIES 19 experience of practically every Englishman without means who has come to British Columbia and has eventually achieved that success which is the envy of his relatives and friends in the Old Country. It is obvious that to gain this highly desirable foothold, a man must be well endowed with persistency and a determination to win. The weakness of being easily discouraged is fatal to real success in this Western ccountry. A man coming here from England must have a sufficiently strong confidence in himself and in the future of British Columbia to regard his trials and hardships as merely incidents in an undertaking in which he is sure to come out a victor. The letter from our Old Country friend who went back emphasizes another phase of this matter of migrating to British Columbia. This is that a man who comes here and for some reason or other returns to England, is never wholly satisfied with conditions there. He sees with new eyes the social and commercial rigidity which has been developed through the centuries, and which leaves practically no stepping stones for the average man who has not been favored by fortune at his birth. He contrasts this ossification with British Columbia's continual growth, which carries up the man who is able to keep pace with it. In England he finds himself again in an environment of economic middle age. and feel strongly the call of the economic youth with which British Columbia is blessed. Another point to which the letter in question calls attention is the fact that a man has but a slight justification in expecting to land a position here unless he is here himself. His record and recommendations may be of the best, but it is the custom in the New World, and particularly in its younger communities, to judge a man, not by what he has done in the past, but by what he is likely to be able to do in the future, and an employer does not care a great deal about what others think of a man. His own impressions are the principal basis of his judgment. He must see the man. Winning out in British Columbia is a face to face proposition, and every man must climb the ladder of success with his own hands and legs. D D A REASON FOR INVESTMENT HERE HE Manager of the Bank of Montreal, Mr. Campbell Sweeney, who recently returned from s a trip abroad, has made observations which bear significantly upon the future of British Columbia. Mr. Sweeny says that the Province occupies the leading position in the minds of several important groups of capitalists as a field for investment. This highly favorable attitude on the part of these financiers is due to very successful investments here in the past, and also to their appreciation of the fact that British Columbia has remarkable natural resources which are still comparatively undeveloped, and which the world wm demand more and more tiungrily Owing to the present taxation policy of the British Government, and to some other conditions in the British Isles, a huge amount of English capital is looking for investment in the colonies. Mr. Sweeney's observations have reinforced the belief that an immense portion of this money will play its part in developing British Columbia's industries. This alone is an excellent augury for British Columbia's steady industrial expansion. The truth is that the Province is one of the last and greatest store-houses of Mother Nature which have not been so levied upon that the supplies are becoming exhausted. In the United States the resources which have brought great wealth to many men are becoming so depleted that industrial and political leaders of the nation are looking with anxious eyes toward Canada as the source of relief from the grave danger of production falling below demand, with results which, without a new source of supplies, would be extremely disastrous to the welfare of the people and the stability of the government. This apprehensive feeling in the United States has recently found strong expression in the reciprocity negotiations with the government at Ottawa. The United States has gone beyond the point where she merely wants to drive a sharp bargain with Canada. President Taft and her other leaders are anticipating the time when she may be, figuratively speaking, on her knees to the Dominion, pleading for the products of the earth which her own domain is no longer supplying in sufficient quantities to keep her great population provided with the necessaries of life. The natural resources of the United States, as has already been said, have made great fortunes for those who were able to obtain a hold on them. But because the demand for necessaries on this continent is very much greater in the twentieth century than it was in the nineteenth, it is reasonable to. say that the natural resources of Canada will bring materially greater returns in money. This is why the most astute of British and American capitalists are turning more and more to the Dominion in general, and British Columbia in particular, with the great sums which will enable them to exploit this great store-house of natural resources. For British Columbia this enormous inflow of capital means, of course, constant strengthening and enriching. □ □ □ A GREAT CITY IN THE MAKING FIGURES are dry reading, but those of the City and Port of Vancouver are indices of one of the most impressive urban growths in the history of civilization. In the customs office in Vancouver, all former records were annihilated in the month of March. The general revenue for the month was $655,366, and the total customs receipts for the fiscal year ending on April 1st, 1911, were nearly double those of 1910. The total for 1911 was $6,230,780, while that for 1910 was $3,392,338. In the matter of building permits March showed a total of $2,524,998, which amount very materially exceeded that of any other month in the history of the city, outdistanced the record of any other city on the Pacific Coast, and pressed closely on the heels of the building records for March in ( anada's three largest cities, namely Montreal, Toronto and Winnipeg. It can hardly be doubted that the total permits for 1911 will be well beyond $15,000,000. The record for March in bank clearings was $44,084,854, while in March, 1910, it was $35,415,061, and in March, 1909, was $20,884,698. While these statistics are dry enough, it requires only the eye of the imagination to see behind them an immense amount of human endeavor and progress, to see thou- d« he working" out of anos of new people coming in, to see strong ambitions of many minds, to see, in brief, the big forward strides of a great city in the making. OPPORTUNITIES Vol. III. HUTCHINSON BLOCK, VANCOUVER, B. C, APRIL. 1911. No. 4 All Hail the Horse! The British Columbia Spirit Will Find Striking Expression in One of the World's Greatest Horse Shows By William Ford N many directions the people of Vancouver have shown an ambition and ability to take the lead in public movements, and in nothing is this progressive quality more impressively brought out than in the annual exhibition of the Vancouver Horse Show Association. The record in achievement of the Association is without precedent anywhere. Its first show was held only four years ago. The show this year beginning on April 22nd, will rank above all others in Canada and above all others in North America, except the great Madison Square Garden Horse Show in New York City, and above all others in the world except the Olympia Horse Show in London. The three Vancouver horse shows of the past have done much to spread the prestige of British Columbia, but the show in April will excel all previous efforts. It will be at least a third larger than the show last year, which, so far, has been the best. In several classes the quality of the horses will be even higher than heretofore. Special attention is being given this year to military horses. The eyes of the public will be focused on these fine animals, and the great interest will be fully justified, because some of the finest animals of this class in the world will go through their paces at the Vancouver show. The attention of British Columbia horsemen has been drawn sharply to the military type by a recent rather surprising happening. The War Department of the United States Government some time ago set out to find a horse which conformed as nearly as possible to the ideal for military purposes. The officers who had this matter in charge searched throughout the country without pronounced success until, at the Madison Square Garden Show in New York last November, they found the horse. He was a superb Irish hunter, 16.2 hands high, beautifully built, of course, and the possessor of the great heart and lungs which are essential in animals which must undergo the hardships of military service. The army officers were enthusiastic. They had at last come upon the ideal war horse. The most interesting part of this story from the view point of the people of British Columbia is that the horse, called "Earl of Balinasloe," is the property of T. J. Smith, of Vancouver. Late in March general for the purpose of fixing it as the type to which army horses will hereafter be bred. The "Earl of Balinasloe" was purchased by Mr. Smith in Dublin. He is nearly pure thoroughbred, but is heavier than the average, and has in much greater degree those qualities of endurance and vitality which are so necessary in horses which must carry heavy weights for long distances, and must, in general, be subjected to the gruelling service A PRIZE WINNING STALLION Mr. Smith received a letter from the War Department in Washington to the effect that the "Earl" had been selected as the type and that it would be desirable to obtain as much information as possible about him and his breeding, and also to have a considerable number of photos of him in various poses. The War Department proposes to spread the data about this animal among its own horse breeders and among breeders in which falls to the lot of horses in military campaigns. Other classes in which the equine representatives will show higher quality even than last year are the heavy harness, light harness, draught and pony classes. To say that the show will be better in these classes than heretofore is saying a great deal, but the truth is that the Vancouver show has already achieved such a high reputation that those who Page 12 OPPORTUNITIES 191) have its interests most at heart are outdoing themselves to not merely sustain this reputation, but to enhance it. A number of the leading horsemen of the Province have imported fine animals from Eastern Canada, the United States and the British Isles for exhibition at the April Show, and many of the prominent horse owners of the Pacific Coast as far south as Los Angeles will be represented here with the best products of their stables. The Horse Show Building itself will be materially improved by an increasd number of boxes and other changes, and, in general, the show will constitute a very remarkable display of what careful breeding has done for the equine friends of man. The impressive development of the Vancouver Horse Show is more to be wondered at from the fact, as one horseman expressed it the other day, that less than five years ago, when the first show was held "there was hardly a decent horse in the Province." The real significance of this lies in the spirit behind it— the spirit which has lifted Vancouver with wonderful rapidity from the wilderness, and is making it one of the world's great centres of notable achievement. Giant Draught Horses By F. D. Gross N a Los Angeles Hotel not long ago I happened to meet a man by accident who told me he had been in Vancouver, and intended to return to the East by way of this city for one rather odd reason. He said that he was a horseman and had noticed in the streets here a particularly fine team of draught horses. They had made such an impression on him that he desired to take another look and, in general, to make a little study of the British Columbia 'draught horses. During his conversation I could not refrain from smiling, and explained to him that what he said was very interesting to me because I was the manager of the company which owned this pair of horses, that I had myself purchased them. This coincidence'brings out the fact that one of the .first things which catches the attention of the observer in Vancouver is the big, impressive horse of the working type. He is more frequently seen here than in any other city on the continent. He is helping tgf-ad- vertise the city and the firm which uses him. He is becoming more and more in demand and is giving rise to excellent opportunities in the horse-breeding industry. British Columbia is one of the best places on earth for the development of horses of this type. The climate is such in the south-western parts of the province that the horses can be turned out to graze at any time of the year, and open-air life is as good for horses as it is for human beings. Moreover, the fact that grass is luxuriant in this section is a very material help in raising these big animals. While there are a number of breeders of draught horses in the Province, they produce only a fraction of the number annually purchased in Vancouver and Victoria. Last year, for instance, there were, I should say, at least a couple of thousand of fine draught horses imported from Ontario, Alberta, Manitoba and other sections. This year the number brought in will be even greater. I have observed since the first of January about twenty cars of draught horses arriving in Vancouver. This indicates, of course, that there are excellent opportunities for local breeding of such animals. The horses can be sold when number has not grown in proportion to the general development of the Province within the last five years, for the reason chiefly that such high prices have obtained for hay, grain, and dairying products than some ranchers who formerly bred horses are now specializing on the FANCY PAT"ftMAKING A BOW-OWNED BY P. BURNS hardly more than colts for at least $275 a head, and it does not cost anything like this to raise them. One Would imagine from this that there would be many breeders in the Province, but as a matter of fact the products mentioned. Others in sections like Nicola, Douglas and North Thompson valleys are finding the local demand for their horses so great that they are sending comparatively few to Vancouver, with the result that we are 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 13 compelled to bring our horses across the prairies from the East in increasing numbers every year. This means, as I have already pointed out, big opportunities in the future for draught horse breeders. There is little danger of the motor truck superseding the draught horse. The demand for them will grow in direct ratio to the development of such cities as Vancouver and Victoria. Business people who used horses are realizing more and more the advantages of having big, impressive animals. For instance, the patron of a transfer company has a much better opinion of the responsibility of the firm if a team of large, fine horses is driven up to the front of his house. Such animals advertise a business and give it a certain impressiveness that cannot be attained in any other way. Some people who know but little about the matter have an idea that the big horse costs a lot more than the one of average size. This is not the case in any appreciable degree. The medium- sized horse usually eats as much as the big animal, while the latter does more work. For example, a team of big draught horses will haul eight tons to the load, while horses of average size can haul only five or six tons. Moreover, the big team will haul more loads every day, so it will be seen that these great animals are economical, as well as striking to the eye. At the coming horse show in Vancouver there will be a large display of some of the finest draught horses on the continent—horses which, in their class, are not excelled by any in the world. The competition for prizes on the part of their owners will be very keen because of the pride which we take in our horses, and also on account of the advertising which success with them gives us. While on the subject of the horse show I want to say that I do not think the methods now in vogue of judging draught horses are based wholly on common sense. For instance, the judges look too much to action and not enough to weight and general make-up. If a horse paddles a little or rolls his body he is turned down for horses that are smaller and less efficient. Graceful action is, of course, one of the chief considerations in horses used solely for pleasure, but, assuming that the draught horse has reasonably good action, his size and working ability ought to be the principal points in judging him. Many of these horses weigh eighteen hundred pounds as two-year-olds. They seem to flourish better here almost than anywhere else on the continent. I believe that lower British Columbia will become world-famous for its draught horses. These fine animals, in addition to their direct utility, are doing not a little in the good work of stamping upon the minds of the people of the earth the rich productivity of this Province. The Thoroughbred By Robert Layton BECAUSE Vancouver is a very "sporting" city, the thorough- i bred or race-horse has always been held in high estimation by her most representative people, and will be more than** ever- to the fore this summer at the fine- races we will have at Minoru Park. For these meets of running horses preparations are being made which will undoubtedly cause the races to be the most successful yet held in Vancouver. One of the changes of plan will be the elimination of the book-maker and the substitution, for the betting, of the Pari- Mutuel machines, in which the odds are automatically regulated by the amount of money which the public may wager on a horse, instead of by arbitrary agreements among the bookmakers. Moreover, the money lost by some betters is won by others, and not by the book-makers, who, on successful days in the past, have taken many thousands of dollars from the public. The big advantages of the machines, from the viewpoint of the public, is that the only money taken from the racing patrons is the small percentage which goes to the association for operating the machines. There has been so great a hue and cry on this continent against betting on horse races that the Vancouver Jockey Club and British Columbia Thoroughbred Association, which will conduct the running races at Minoru Park, have compromised the matter by introducing the Mutuel machine. With this improvement, and with new horses looming up, we look for the biggest and best meet we have ever had here. These races will, in a measure, constitute an asset for the city. They will provide the people with a certain number of days of the sport which is, I ^®%5^ sun glinting on the gaily colored raiment of the jockeys as the horses come careering down the home stretch, these are contests which make the blood tingle, which lift people high above the humdrum of every-day existence, which give them fresh zest for life, which make them more energetic and efficient in E. S. RICKETTS AND TWO OF HIS HORSES think, the most inspiriting and enlivening ever devised by man. No substitute can be found for the color and dash and excitement of a good race between thoroughbred horsese. With flags flying, with the sunshine on a big and symmetrical area of grass and trees, with thousands of people cheering, with the their private affairs. The wonderfully spirited effect of good races on a picturesque course gives visitors brilliant memories of a city and valuable first impressions of vim and cosmopolitanism. This is the reason why I say that well-conducted horse races on a good track are an asset to a community. Page 14 OPPORTUNITIES 191 The running races at Minoru Park, which will begin in June, will fulfill the expectations of the most ardent patrons of this sport of kings. All the competing horses will be thoroughbreds of the purest strain—horses of the kind which have won stellar honors on the great tracks of the United States and England. Most of these horses have been brought from California, where, as is well known, the breeding of thoroughbreds has been for many years a most impressive industry. Because of adverse legislation against horse racing in nearly every state of the Union, however, the demand for thoroughbreds has greatly fallen off, and British Columbia owners will have their choice of better race horses at lower prices than ever before. To indicate the great blow receiv- help to spread the fame of the Province. However, the raising of racehorses cannot be regarded as a commercial proposition. It is to be considered, primarily, a means of pleasure for the horse-lover of wealth. The latter is justified in going into it on higher grounds, perhaps, than that of developing horses for racing. All of the best saddle and driving horses have some thoroughbred blood. The strain gives them courage, and, in general, what might be called a fine spirit. The climatic conditions in this part of British Columbia are particularly auspicious for the development of horses, and what is even more important, the people are of the right calibre. As is well known, they are full of zest for every kind of legitimate sport, with a special late the examples of Hildebrandt, one of the most famous American jockeys, who is a product of the Northwest. I became personally acquainted with this jockey when he was a stable boy in Seattle, earning about ten dollars a month as an apprentice. I noticed that he had a fine pair of riding hands, an excellent seat, and plenty of courage and intelligence. I and others took an' interest in him, and during his first season as a rider he had thirty winning mounts on the Northwest circuit. He was still earning nominal wages, but the next season he went East and earned, on the big tracks, about forty thousand dollars. For several seasons, until he became too heavy to ride, he repeated his successes, making a fortune every year. The trouble with most American jock- THOROUGHBREDS READY FOR ACTION ed by breeding through the activity of the legislature it may be said that before this general legislation in the United States in 1906, there were eight thousand thoroughbred colts foaled during the year. Last season there were only two thousand, and this year it is not probable that there will be more than fifteen hundred. California's greatest breeder, J. B. Haggin, had on his big ranch in 1906 forty thoroughbred stallions and six hundred brood mares. Because of the embargo on horse racing in the United States, Mr. Haggin has given up breeding for the market. In this dwindling of the breeding of thoroughbreds in the States there is an opportunity, I think, considering the fine conditions here, for the development in British Columbia of a thoroughbred breeding industry which would materially enthusiasm for the horse. The proneness of Vancouver people to seek the horse for recreation is conspicuous on every bright day in Stanley Park, where one sees hundreds of horsemen and horsewomen moving gracefully along the forest roads. I believe that in proportion to the population Vancouver has a greater number of horse-back riders of both sexes than any other city in the New World. One of the results of the general aptitude of British Columbians for handling and riding horses is that we have several young jockeys of excellent quality, who, in one or two instances, are likely to achieve much more than a local reputation if racing in the United States is rehabilitated, as it promises to be, within the next three or four years. Some of our boys are ambitious to emu- eys is that they make so much more money as mere boys than do the great majority of even highly successful business men, that they are apt to contract severe cases of "swelled head." This was the principal difficulty with Tod Sloan, perhaps the most celebrated of American jockeys. I knew the young man well as a sensational rider on the great English tracks. Sloan acquired the habit of posing before the English public as a great "dandy." He used to change his clothing about four times a day, was a conspicuous figure at the most fashionable London restaurants, had a box at the opera nearly every night, employed three valets, and all that sort of thing. Since the jockey in his occupation is not regarded by the English people as a very exalted character, the public resented Sloan's ostentation, with results 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 15 which were disastrous to him. He was not actually barred from the English tracks, but the action of the stewards amounted to the same thing. Since I am personally familiar with the details of this episode, it may be interesting to convey a little first hand knowledge of it. A great Australian plunger named Gardner selected a horse upon which he placed such big hopes that when he was entered in one of the stellar Newmarket events he stood to win between eight and nine hundred thousand dollars. Having such a tremendous stake on this one race, he was naturally anxious to obtain the best jockey possible, and so arranged with the man under whom Sloan was riding by contract for the services of Tod. One of the rules of the English tracks is that no jockey shall accept gifts of any kind except from the man for whom he is riding regularly. Mr. Gardner, however, informed Sloan that if he won he would receive a present of thirty thousand dollars. Without committing himself particularly as to the acceptance of the gift, Sloan said he would do his utmost to win the race. It was a great contest, and Sloan's mount lost by a nose. Even so, Mr. Gardner had so placed his bets that he won a large amount because the horse had finished "in the money." Thus it was that Mr. Gardner was grateful to Sloan and made him a present of several thousand dollars. The acceptance of this was not exactly a violation of the spirit of the rule, but it was a breaking of the letter of it. The consequence was that Sloan was called before the stewards, and, while not actually debarred, was told that he had better not apply for a license for the next season. If Sloan had not been quite so pretentious in his mode of life in England the action of the committee might not have been so drastic. As it was, this was the beginning of the end of Sloan's great prestige as a jockey. He did not ride much the next season, and, as is true of all jockeys who retire for even a short time, he was never able to recover his best form. The fact remains, however, that Sloan was the best jockey on the English turf, and brought into general practice the method of riding with very short stirrups on the withers of the horse, with the head pressed to the neck to make the wind resistance as slight as possible. So it is that in certain features of horse- racing the people of this continent can give pointers to those abroad, although it must be remembered that the thoroughbred horse had its rise in England. The historic animals Herod, Matchem and Eclipse, which were alive during the period from 1749-1760 were forebearers of all the pure thoroughbreds of today. The ancestors of these horses were Arabian steeds imported into England, where, at the time of James the Second, began the development of the magnificent thoroughbred, also the development of the sport, which, under proper restrictions, is, in my opinion, the most inspiriting in the world. Dogs of Quality By William M. Coats O part of the continent can boast of better dogs than British Columbia. This is due mainly to the presence here of so many English people, who are famous for their love of dogs. Another reason for the variety and excellence of sporting dogs is to be found in the fact that British Columbia is a hunter's paradise. Many men go hunting, and, with rare exceptions, every one who goes out with a gun wants to have a good dog with him. Game dogs here are represented by pointers, setters and retrievers. The pointer has no superior as a sportsman's dog. In one respect in particular he is superior to the settler; he can go a longer time without water. But the English setter is a somewhat finer dog to look at; in fact, with his clean-cut lines and slick coat he is in the opinion of many the most beautiful dog in existence. Moreover, he is very sociable, which is a trait not to be overlooked when a hunter is on a long tramp with no other companion. Another useful quality of the setter is to be found in the good padding of his feet, which enables him to work with great ease over stubble "fields and stoney ground. The setter, however requires a great deal of water on a hunting trip. The Irish setter is of lighter build than the other varieties. He has some excellent attributes, but is not as popular in British Columbia as the English setter. The Gordon setter is the largest of the setter family, and a very useful, old-fashioned dog. In the canine population here the English setter is among the most prominent, and is represented by some fine field and bench dogs. One of these, the champion, Mallwyd Bob, which was imported from England by J. P. McConnell of Victoria, and is now owned by Savage and Elliott of Victoria, was no doubt in his day one of the best show setters that 'iH 1 ever entered a ring, having won in England, the United States, and Canada. In many shows he was judged the best dog over all breeds. Another rare one, imported by J. S. Hickford of Victoria, is Mallwyd Major. This dog has become a champion since arriving in Canada. Bob and Major each cost their owners over two thousand dollars, but have yielded excellent profits. In this connection it can be said that high prices can always be obtained for good show dogs. JK &* *M A GROUP OF BRITISH COLUMBIA DOGS Page 16 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 The term retriever applies to any breed which is used for retrieving game. Among these are the retriever, curly or flat coated Labrador, Irish water spaniel, springer, and Chesapeake. All these breeds are in demand in British Columbia at good prices, and are represented by some fine show and working dogs. In pointers, William Gordon has a champion in Mason's King, a dog which has won all the way from New of rats. Vancouver can boast of a very high class lot of them, among which is the champion, Ingalistone Rustem, the best fox terrier in Canada, having defeated every other dog of his breed in the Dominion. He was also a big winner in England, and his full brother won the Challenge Certificate for the best smooth-hair fox terrier at the 1909 show in the Crystal Palace, London. Rustem is not only a big winner himself, but is SOME PUPPYgSPANIELS York to Vancouver. J. P. McConnell imported a pair last summer which cleaned up everything at the dog show at the Vancouver Exhibition. Some other fine pointers are owned by Mr. Hill, Mr. Hatch, Mr. C. H. Wilson and Mr. Jack Wolfson. In addition to these there are D. G. McDonnell's field pointers which have made great records at almost every field trial run in the United States and Canada. Besides these hunting dogs, British Columbia is very strong in big game breeds, first and foremost of which is the Airedale terrier. This family has grown greatly in popularity during the last few years. The dogs are extremely game ; they are bigger than most of the other varieties of terriers, and cannot be surpassed for bear hunting. British Columbia is represented by some particularly fine Airedales. They are perhaps the most profitable breed we have. The litters run from six to twelve, and good puppies will bring from twenty-five dollars up. Some breeders specialize in them. N. McConnell of Vancouver owns the champion, Majestic, the imported dog, Killarney Sport, and several other fine ones; Thomas Wyndham of Vancouver owns the champion, Flockmaster, and Binks. The fox terriers exceed in numbers other breeds in British Columbia. These active little dogs are often caiied chicken house policemen. They are great enemies also the sire of more prize winners than all other fox terrier sires put together. Perhaps the foremost fox terrier fancier in the Province is W. D. Bruce, who has imported and spent more money on fox terriers than all the other fanciers. He has brought here such good ones as Maid of Millgate, and numerous others of similar high class. One of the latter is the big English prize winner, Marco Meddler, which is by far the best wire- hair fox terrier ever imported into Can ada. In the English shows last summer he won prize after prize. Other leading fanciers are R. P. Forshaw, who at present has a fine lot of fox terriers, M. C. Hamilton, Thomas McAuliffe, Hall Chein, Mr. Hilton, Mr. Welch, Mr. Burns, Mr. Alberto, Mr. Stewart, Mr. Pierce and Mr. J. Chappell. The most flourishing fancier's club in British Columbia is the Fox Terrier Club. The officers are as follows: President, W. D. Bruce; vice-president, R. P. Forshaw; secretary-treasurer, Wm. Gordon; executive committee, >M. C. Hamilton, W. M. Coats, C. O Patterson, T. M. McAuliffe and Mr. Hilton. Another very popular dog in the Province is the cocker spaniel, which is always represented at the shows by some fine dogs. J. W. Creighton, Charles Aetzel and Charles Bolton are the leading British Columbia breeders of cocker spaniels. The fact that we have in the Province so many dogs of the highest quality is due in a considerable measure to the efforts of the officers of the Van- ver Kennel Club, who are as follows: President, C. H. Jackson; vice-president, H. M. Cottingham; 2nd vice-president, Thomas Wyndham; \ secretary- treasurer, Fred. C. Hill; executive committee, Thomas M. McAuliffe, Jas. Littlewood, J. J. Tulk, W. M. Coats, C. B. Stewart, J. J. Bostock. The annual show of the Kennel Club will be held in the Vancouver Horse Show Building on April 6, 7, 8. Many fine dogs have been entered from cities and towns along the Coast. Charles Lyndon of Toronto, a judge of world-wide fame, will allot the ribbons in all classes, and the show will be the largest and best yet held in the Province. AN ENGLISH SETTER 911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 17 Old Country Doubting Thomases Cautious Investors Who Cause British Columbia Promotors Many Anxious Moments By C. M. B. ITTLE BINKS was obviously in a bad humor, so I offered him one of my best cigars in silence. He t ook it with a grunt and flopped disgustedly into an arm-chair before the smoking room fireplace. "D d disheartening I call it," he groaned. "Oh, the weather is a little trying just now," I chirruped, "but then I would rather have Vancouver's warm rain than "Rain be blowed," snapped Binks, and, fearing trouble, I forebore and slowly snipped the end of my cigar. 'I wish I could only get at those fools of relations of mine at home," growled Binks, after a long pause, during which he broke three matches before lighting his cigar. After a further pause I timidly ventured to ask the reason for his evident desire to do bodily harm to his own kith and kin. "You know as well as I do, Jones, that one's people at home are a most sceptical lot of fools regarding investments out here." I nodded assent, but murmured that It was better so. "Yes, it leaves all these glorious chances to us out here, I admit, but we can't gulp the whole tureen, or even a small fraction of it, and the result is that these Yankees chip in and get the plums." Binks had a way of mixing his metaphors when excited, but it must be admitted that the topic was a painful one, as every Vancouver Englishman will bear witness. I consequently sought refuge in further silence, well knowing that the cosy warmth of the fire and my good cigar would sooth Binks' ruffled feelings and encourage him to indulge in confidences. "Forty-five dollars," growled Binks savagely. "Do you hear, Jones? Forty- five dollars, yes, nine golden sovereigns I spent the day before yesterday on a long cable to my cousin in London"—a pause—"Wouldn't have done it, only I got a letter from him only a few weeks ago saying he fully appreciated Vancouver's prospects, trusted me entirely— you know the sort of thing, Jones?" I nodded, it being far safer not to speak because I saw that we were near- ing the grievance which had made Binks so irritable. "Yes," he fiercely ejaculated, "nine pounds spent on a cable, all for nothing," and he puffed the cigar furiously. "What was the proposition?" I ventured to ask. Binks screwed his cigar firmly into his cheek and looked at me with a tilt of his eyelid. "Know anything about moving picture shows?" I started, and moved my chair nearer to his, for the subject promised to be full of interest. "H'm, I see you do. Well, I got a chance of buying the leases of the 'Diadem' and 'Glory,' in Victoria, for thirty-five thousand dollars for the two." At this I gasped, for the two theatres Binks referred to were the best in that city, and their monthly average takings were a minimum of two hundred pounds. "Yes," continued Binks, "I 'phoned you yesterday to see if you would come into a small, syndicate to buy 'em, but they. told me at your office that you hadn't returned from Indian River. I then 'phoned Gerrard and Macallister, but Gerrard had just put his last-two thousand dollars into a halibut syndicate and Mac. was himself trying to sell his house and furniture in order to pick up a dead snap bargain in real estate and had only two days to do it in." I flicked the end of my cigar thoughtfully. "How long are the leases, Binks, and what does the owner want for them?" "One lease has seven and the other five years to run. The net profits of the two are well over two hundred pounds a month, and the total price is seven thousand pounds." "Not bad," I remarked, sententiously. "Not bad," rapped out Binks. I should like to know what better investment people at home could wish for than one which shows a profit of one hundred per cent, over six years coming back, together with the invested capital, at once!" "That's true," I replied, "but an ordinary real estate subdivision will double your money in three years." Binks sniffed. "Yes, but you usually can only distribute a dividend to your client after nine months or a year and they are mostly very fidgety long before that. No, Jones, you must get something for your home investors which doubles their money at once and enables you to send 'em back their cash and profits a week after they have sent it out." A hearty laugh greeted this piece of sarcasm as fat Burrows swung noisily in at the door. "Dash it all, Burrows, what d'ye mean by making such a row?" complained Binks testily. "What ho! Binks, me lad, grousing at your poor old home investors again? Cheer up, me boy, cheer up. I've just got a nice little proof that there's at least one broad-minded investor in Old England," and, saying this, Burrows handed Binks a cable which he glanced at and passed it on to me. "Cabled a thousand pounds," exclaimed Binks. "Why, I've got the very investment—was just giving the outlines of it to Jones here. We'll form a syndicate, the two best moving picture theatres " but Burrows waved a fat forefinger at him. "You can keep your flicker shows, they only show a paltry hundred per cent, profit, and what I've got beats them into fits." So saying, he drew a third chair near to ours and began. The tale he told was no novel one to us. It was the tale of a man who had jumped into prosperity three years ago by indulging in judicious speculation. "Yes," bitterly interrupted Binks, "those fools in England call it speculation; out here we call it grasping your opportunities." We laughed, and Burrows continued. It appeared that, three years ago, with a few hundred dollars saved as the result of a year's hard manual toil, a certain man had bought some plots of land in Vancouver and had also put options on others which were situated along probable car-line routes. His judgment was accurate, he resold at very large profits, and extended his operations in all directions. He got options on almost everything from peanut stands to hotel businesses. The more wealthy he grew the more numerous became his chances of making further splendid investments. In ^ Page 18 OPPORTUNITIES 911 his case, as always in this far West, the old adage proved true "money breeds money." In his anxiety to grasp as many opportunities as possible he had temporarily run himself short even of ready cash to pay his household bills. "You'd never get these fools at home to believe it," growled Binks. Burrows grinned and continued. "He was determined to hold on to his timber limits, out of which he is bound to make a clear quarter of a milion dollars profit, and hated the idea of selling either of his two hotels. He thought of sacrificing the property which he had bought on Westminster Avenu e last year and which is now worth double what he paid for it, but in view of the impending developments and car-line quarters offices in Montreal or Ottawa, to finance wheat, I suppose. He met me down at the telegraph office and we started talking things over. I asked him how long he'd got to find the five thousand in, and he said four days. After talking it over he said he would even sell a third share in the coal measures for five thousand dollars, which was what he needed to keep the property." "Humph!" exclaimed Binks. "Undeveloped coal measures, I suppose?" "Yes," said Burrows, "but there's a merger being formed in Montreal to take over all undeveloped but staked coal lands in the Queen Charlotte Islands at ten dollars an acre." "I see," said Binks." In other words, he only needed a thousand pounds to you never succeeded in getting your friend in England to swallow that." "Of course not." replied Burrows, with a boisterous laugh. "I told him that the coal measures were worth a dollar an acre to-day, which means a profit to him of only one hundred per cent. Had I told him the truth he would never have believed it, and I should not have .got his thousand pounds." At this we all laughed heartily, when we were interrupted by Dallimore, who, buried behind a newspaper, had apparently been paying no attention to the conversation. "Well, you fellows may think you know something of investors, but let me give you an experience of mine. An Eastern Canadian friend was telling me that people in Montreal, Ottawa and A BRITISH COLUMBIA MINING TRAMWAY construction in the neighborhood by the B. C. Electric, the property will certainly redouble again in value during the next year. Of course he has some waterfront on the Fraser River, but with the Great Northern and Canadian Northern Railway developments in that direction, his property there has gone up from so much an acre to so many dollars a front foot. On the other hand, he was absolutely compelled to find five thousand dollars to meet the government fees for the staking of his thirty thousand acres of coal measures on Vancouver Island. So what was he to do? The banks, as you know, have very little spare cash here. It nearly all goes to Eastern Canada on instructions from the head- get the government to issue him license, when he would turn his thirty thousand acres over to the merger at ten dollars an acre." "Exactly so," replied Burrows. "What will have it cost him roughly to get hold of the property, stake it, and pay up for his license in full?" I enquired. "Oh, somewhere between six and eight thousand dollars, I should say at a guess," replied Burrows. "Quite so," said Binks. "For one thousand pounds your home investor will get a third share in thirty thousand acres which will be bought by the merger at ten dollars an acre before twelve months are out. But I will bet all my money other cities in the East are even more sceptical than the people in the Old Country. He told me that there are people there, very wealthy people, who are still drawing five per cent, on their money and consider themselves lucky. I told him that I have clients in England who have never seen me but have only heard of me from those of my friends for whom I have made some profits. He told me flatly that his friends in Eastern Canada would say that such an investor was stark, staring mad." A loud guffaw from all followed this amusing anecdote. "Yes," I remarked, "the conception of an honorable man who is also a gentleman is apparently not so wide-spread in 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 19 Canada as it is in the Old Country." "True," observed Dallimore, "and I would suggest that our friend Binks be more sparing in his abuse of the home investor for the very reason that it is the Old Countryman who, above all others, does know what the word gentleman means. I told my friend that the investor in question was one of the wealthiest and most astute business men in London, but although he was too polite to say so, he certainly looked incredulous." "It's no use generalizing," cheerily remarked Burrows. "I've met plenty of Canadians who know a gentleman when they see him, and who would trust him just as implicitly." "H'm," grunted the incredulous Binks. "It seems to me," said Dallimore, "that it would be nearer the truth to say that it has only lately become fashionable for Englishmen, who are also gentlemen, to emigrate here." Binks grunted again, but this time in in a non-committal kind of a way. "Still," I remarked," that is not much comfort to our esteemed friend Binks here who has just had an undoubtedly splendid hundred per cent, investment refused." "As far as that goes," said Binks, "I - don't grumble so much that the oppor-' tunity has been lost, because I know that either I -or one of you fellows""will have found something equally good, in a few weeks' time; but what does get me is that my own cousin, with whom I played as a kid at school, should turn me down, as they say out here, especially after he had asked me to look out for something good for him." "Oh, that won't worry you when you have been in the business a little longer," said Burrows. "He has probably been 'got at' by the London representative of an opposition firm. My own experience has been that the last to believe my statements were my own relations, and the result is that although they have made excellent profits they have not done so well as my first clients, many of whom were total strangers to me." "Poetic justice!" ejaculated Binks.■—*■ ** "It seems to me," said Dallimore, "that one of your greatest poets, Milton, I think, has something appropriate to say on the subject." 'O welcome, pure-eyed Faith, white- handed Hope, Thou hovering angel, girt with golden wings.' "I don't know much about poetry," said Binks, "but if you'll copy out those words for me I'll have 'em put on calendars and send 'em out to all my friends and relations in England." Another laugh followed this sally, and then came a pause in the conversation. u.3i I LL mm JuLm. I , t9!rJJLArV,S mm &0r? A BIT OF VICTORIA'S WATER FRONT I now thought it my turn to contribute to the discussion. "What excuses, Dallimore, do your home clients usually urge in reply to your arguments in favor of investing in British Columbia?" I asked. "You can classify their arguments under one class," said Dallimore. "You can go further than that," said Binks, "you can classify all the objectors under one class—they all, every one of them, without exception, start by saying that they have no money to invest." "That's true," said Burrows, "that's merely their polite way of saying you are a liar," at which we all laughed again, j "Well," I mused, "if they believed us straight away there would soon be a^. tremendous stream of money coming out this way." "And the Province needs every penny of it," interrupted Dallimore. "It is ridi-, culous the way the most psojriising businesses and concerns here have to be run on ludicrously small sums of capital. Look at the huge undeveloped central portion of this Province, not touched yet. Look at the coal, gold, silver, copper, timber. The average Englishman knows nothing of geography and cares less; statistics don't convey anything to "him simply because, living cooped up in his little country he has only got a puny standard to measure them by." "The most startling thing to me," interposed Burrows, "is that the people at home don't seem to realize the fact that Canada must grow four times as fast during the next quarter of a century as the United States has done during the last whole century. Any marine engineer will tell you why. The novels of the last fifty years have made splendid copy of the subject of American millionaires, but I will wager that Canadian millionaires will very speedily cut them out." "That's all very well," grumbled Binks, "but it doesn't help me much to educate my relations at home and in- cidently build up a good investment agency for myself. It's a fact, and I defy you fellows to deny it, that not one Englishman at home in five knows what the Mackenzie country is like, or even where it is situated. Not one in five knows that country contains vast prairies capable of raising food for hundreds of millions." "Yes, that's true," said Dallimore, "and what's more, when Seton Thompson was there" in 1907 he calculated that there were thirty million caribou roaming over the rich prairies of Eastern Mackenzie "alone and that these grass lands furnish better feeding for animals than Wyoming, Nebraska, or Colorado." How long the conversation would have lasted in this strain I don't know, but just at that moment we noticed the barman, Jim, hovering in the doorway. "What's up, Jim?" asked Burrows. "Waal, it's like this," added Jim, who is a Western American, and one of the best. "I've got a cinch on a proposition that looks good to me, an' as the biggest bunch o' my dollars are tied up right now, I guessed one o' you would take a chance on it. Anyhow*, I had a hunch that way." We all looked at each other and laughed, and then crowded round Jim, who unfolded to us the details of his proposition, which promised so much and which was nevertheless so soundly and moderately estimated that we decided to go into its merits on the spot, and, if possible, finance it ourselves. Want of space, however, compels me to postpone the history of these most interesting deliberations* which, when completed, will be divulged in a subsequent "conversation." Page 20 OPPORTUNITIES 1911 Agriculture's Debt to Lime This Substance is a Vital Factor in Most Plant Growths By George Schumacher, Ph. D. (Agricultural Series, No. 5)' O plant, except sea-weed, can exist or grow without lime, If we cultivate a plant in soil which does not contain any lime at all, the seed will germinate, a few roots or even leaves ajsnay develop, but then the growth stops. All seeds contain lime, but after this store is used the plant must take lime from the surrounding soil in order that it may be developed further. All soil contains lime, but the more lime the soil contains, the better generally for the pro- Red clover cannot be grown in soil with less than one per cent, to twelve per cent, of lime. Plants requiring very little liine cannot show much improvement in the first year, but generally the second crop will show the influence of lime. Of all plants, alfalfa requires the most lime. Alfalfa cannot be grown unless the soil contains two to three per cent, of lime. In a plant lime is of great importance in fitting the plant for human or animal food. The human system must have lime for bone making. Human beings other useful functions in the direction of bringing about important chemical changes in the soil. Lime decomposes organic substances. In other words, manure or organic fertilizer acts more rapidly in the presence of lime than without. More intensive cultivation is therefore possible with the aid of lime. In peat land the addition of lime will get rid of too much humus, and by lime action the peat can be destroyed entirely. .As I intend treating the very interesting ., ...,..,.„ — ,.(;.;_.. vv... '- y^'fJ-'-'"--'■"*v" : ~'".'-$. FARM LAND IN THE SIMILKAMEEN VALLEY duction of the crop. Naturally fertile lands always contain lime in abundance, sometimes twenty per cent, and more. To a trained agriculturist a plant will show at once if it was grown in soil rich or poor in lime. More branches, better fruits, the absence of certain diseases, are sure signs of soil rich in lime. Alfalfa, clover, beans, peas, and cabbage, require more lime than other plants. Potatoes and rye grow in soil with very little lime. Oats and barley require slightly more. and cattle fed with plants deficient in lime cannot grow properly. Many diseases can be traced directly to want of lime. Cattle fed entirely on grasses which lack lime, will die. Children fed on milk free from lime cannot live. Milk always contains a certain proportion of lime, and a cow should have plant food containing lime, not only for the upbuilding of its own body, but for the production of good milk as well. Lime is not only a direct benefit, but has, as well, subject of the cultivation of peat land another time, I will not go into details here about the very important part that lime plays in the cultivation of such land. All nitrogen contained in manure must be transformed into saltpetre before it can be used by the plants. Formerly saltpetre was made from manure, and it was soon found that the transformation of organic nitrogen compounds into saltpetre took place only in 1911 OPPORTUNITIES Page 21 the presence of lime. This action is the result of certain bacteria. Each manured field is, or should be, a factory of saltpetre assisted by the presence of lime. In certain soil pyryte and dioxide becomes saturated with sulphuric acid, making the ground unfit for any cultivation. Lime neutralizes this unorganic acid as well as organic acid. I have spoken of the chemical action, but the physical condition lime produces is also important. Clayey soil, without lime, is tough, sticks to the spade and plough, and can be broken up with difficulty, while soil containing lime disintegrates easily and forms loose soil. The action of the lime helps in disintegrat- if not, he has to look out that his soil always contains not less than ten per cent, of lime, if he wants good crops regularly. If it has less, he must add lime till the soil contains at least the above amount. It is not necessary to add lime every year. If the liming is done properly and in the right quantities it is sufficient to lime the ground every fifteen or twenty years, and the quantity required can always be determined by a chemical analysis of the soil. Carbonate of lime, if pure, contains 56 per cent, of calcium oxide. The latter must be made a basis of the analysis of the lime and soil, and the quantity determined accordingly. If out the quantity required. If a farmer wants to grow alfalfa his land must contain more lime. For undrained, water-locked land, neither lime, manure or any other fertilizer is of any use; it must be understood that lime is only one of the ingredients that plants need. Sulphate of lime (gypsum) may be useful under certain circumstances, but as carbonate of lime is always at the disposal of nearly all, this should be used. The use of burnt lime should be entirely discouraged. It is a useless expense, because the burning adds to the cost and its handling is troublesome and expensive. As soon as the burnt lime is put on the ground it PARTLY CLEARED LAND ON VANCOUVER ISLAND ing, whereas in soil without lime this change of physical condition is absent. Now we know that loose soil is ideal soil. It gives up the surface moisture to the sub-soil, on the one hand, and allows, by proper cultivation, the retaining of the right amount of moisture, on the other hand. Lime will, therefore, improve the physical condition of the soil. Now we have to see on which soil we need lime. A careful farmer, knowing what he is doing, will take a bottle of hydro-caloric acid with him if he wants to buy land, and see by the effervescence of carbonic acid gas if the soil contains lime, and submit the soil to a chemist or analyst. If he can buy land rich in lime he need not bother liming, the soil needs to be enriched to the depth of one foot with one per cent, of lime, a quantity of two and three-quarter tons per acre is required. As mentioned before, for alfalfa two to three per cent, is the minimum, and for such the lime contents should be brought up to five per cent.; the more as alfalfa by such application of lime, can be made to flourish in the same field for twenty years or longer. For other crops two per cent, to three per cent, should be sufficient. According to the circumstances, liming should take place at regular intervals in similar quantities. It must be remembered that very few limes are pure but any chemist will be able to work is transformed into carbonate of lime again very rapidly owing to the carbonic acid gas present in the soil. Carbonate of lime is found in this Province in large quantities, as lime rock and marble, and needs only finding to become valuable for agricultural purposes. In other countries soft lime, such as whiting, is available in abundance, and such is preferable to lime rock. Where clam shells or oyster shells or similar material is available, it can be used to great advantage. However, there is one other form of lime which is preferable to any other. This is the spent lime of the sugar beet factory, which contains a certain proportion of nitrogen and pho'sphates, and is a very efficient fertilizer of the soil. OPPORTUNITIES 1911 THE LURE OF THE NORTH ARM Vancouver Has a Charming Summer Cottage Colony at Her Doors BY E. T. JULIAN OR situation unique Vancouver is As a among cities. J commercial center it has every facility of shipping by water or rail, and that, too, without any special engineering difficulties. As a watering place and summer resort for bathing and boating it has but few rivals, and for mountain scenery and ease of access thereto it is hard to find its equal. To the resident citizen, however, tne land-locked inlets extending from ten to one hundred miles between the mountains, their little bays and projecting points, their facilities for boating, and the many scenic spots for summer homes, are probably the most attractive and enjoyable. The harbor is one of these bodies of water. The main branch thereof, about twelve miles long, Commerce claims as her own, • and is welcome thereto. A narrow branch, however, known as the North Arm and extending about fourteen miles almost due north, and an extension of about three miles long, known as Bedwell Bay, are ideal for recreation. Together, they afford a shore line of about thirty miles, along which, during the last few years, numerous cottages have been built, and wharves or floats placed as landings for the many craft which, in the summer, ply the quiet waters of the North Arm and Bedwell. The names given to these places, such as Belcarra, "the place of sunshine," Coombe, "a sheltered hollow," Cozy Corner, and Woodlands, are simple and descriptive. Others, such as the Wigwam and Mesliloet, show a desire to link the past and present—the savage and the civilized. Whatever the name, however, each place has something so specially and peculiarly insinuating and attaeactive as to induce the summer dwellers in each locality to believe that they have the beauty spot of the whole Inlet. The following Wtfll illustrate this: Mr. A. says: "Boys, your places'aren't in it. Mr. B. was at my place on Sunday, and when he had got seated and had seen the glorious views from my verandah, he could not contain himself, but said 'Why, Mr. A. I thought that we had the finest place on the Arm, but you have us beaten.' " This the "boys" repeated to Mr. B. and the latter says: "The old sinner told you that, did he? Why, sirs, I couldn't say it. I would not change our place for ten of his." "Quite so," replied a little lady who lives on a rock whence a view can be had all down the Inlet, and on a clear night all the way up to the polar star. "We know we have the most beautiful place, but we do not brag. We let it •go at that." The truth is that every bit of water, crag and peak has a beuty of its own. Summer resorts- are mostly places for showing off peacock colors and surface politenes. The forests, mountains and fiords of British Columbia put these out of court and call for manliness of a different order. The campers on the North Arm instinctively adapt themselves to the scenery and become strong, natural, healthy and unaffected. Rushing torrents, cascades and waterfalls, precipices, ravines and mountains, are all there and nature's wild creatures. They make a strong appeal of course, but do not con- s^tute the whole appeal to those who know and feel ■esHswronment. Indefinable spirits, *ali pervading, moulding everything with simplicity and strength, seem to take possession of the soul and build likenesses therein of themselves. The great snake which the Indians say lives on the peaks along the Mesililoet River no more surely devours every Indian who wanders lost through the mountains, than the air, and the freedom of the sea and heights holds a healthy fascination for every cottager and every visitor. This influence acts upon the home. The places suitable for cottages are scat- GENERAL VIEW OF THE NORTH ARM OPPORTUNITIES Page 2$ A NORTH ARM BOAT LANDING tered. In hardly any case can two be placed together or be alike. The shore is never level; it is sometimes vertical, and always steep. The preliminary work of placing a landing or float for the craft, the steps up, the terraces, the winding walk, and the toil to get the site ship-shape, call for picturesque skill and loving labor. This work often costs as much and sometimes more than the cottage itself. Yet the feeling that one is living in a location like that of a Swiss mountaineer, or a mountain goat, is in itself worth while, and nobody chooses a pancake site. The infinite variety which the irregularity compels is one of the chief charms of the Inlet, and doubtless the cause of each cottager being sure that his site is the choicest of them all. As to the cottages themselves, they should conform to the surroundings; they should be simple and rugged, yet comfortable. At present they mostly consist of a good kitchen, a few'small, plain bedrooms, a roomy day room, and a large veranda. Many of them have big open fire-places built of rubble masonry or cobble concrete. Finicky detail is out of place, and is never thought of, but a sense of the beautiful pervades the mind and compels one to so place the doors and windows that every opening shall frame a living picture of Nature's own design and painting. ' A friend once having a special opportunity in one of his views, failed to make the most of it in this way, and ever since then, morning, noon and night, somebody reminds him of it; and the sea and mountains, clouds and sky, cry Amen. The sixty or seventy cottages already built vary considerably in size, and in price range from four hundred dollars to about fifteen hundred each. Most of them are fitted only for the summer, but a few are well adapted for use all the year around. A few of the sites have a little land suitable for cultivation. In most cases, however, the location is too rugged, and the formality of lawn and garden would detract from its enjoyment. The end sought and the end gained is recreation by a healthy relaxation in touch with nature. The apparent inaccessibility of many of the sites adds to the delightful feeling of being out with Mother Nature, "far from the madding crowd" and "the haunts of men." The pleasures for the active- bodied are those of bathing, rowing, sailing, and motor-boating. ■fw For those who have no cottages, the Wigwam, at the head of the Arm near the mouth of the Mesliloet River, affords a most enjoyable hostelry at which to spend a day or a week, or a month. The sites available and suitable for hotels are not many, and for picnicers there are not many places spacious enough for spreading out the tablecloths. The best is the much belabored Isolation Hospital site at the entrance of the Arm. If the City Council be wise it will give up the hospital notion, build a fitting wharf, open out a few trails, and make this place a "picnicer's paradise," rnd "children's delight." As the city grows and wealth increases, cottages will multiply and, built of rubble masonry or cobble concrete, as well as wood, they will harmonize completely with the surroundings, and become, as it were, a natural outgrowth of the rugged shores of the North Arm. And the Inlet will gradually but surely come into its destiny—a summer city of simple pleasures and fostering influences for people of strength and patriotism. Most of the owners of cottages have either a canoe or motor-boat, and spend many a happy hour in going to and fro. In addition, all through the summer there is a double steamer service, arriving in the city in time for business every morning and leaving from half-past five to six o'clock every evening. So it is that every summer day crowds of people with the freshness of the wind and sunshine in their eyes .journey between the big city of Vancouver and the untrammelled wildness of the North Arm, stimulated and helped by each in its way to play their parts in life. i l~'~ "
Our manufacturing is rapidly increasing,
Why don't you invest in some property on a small scale?
can well afford to subscribe liberally to an industrial proposition like manufacturing beet sugar, if only to enhance the value of other properties.
would he not save them from the evil spirit of the waters?
Faith, she's slipperly ez an ael an' twicest ez hevy,
How much does he want for his old skiff?
He says he should have twenty-five dollars,
Let's hook the dom skiff and fool those heathins,
That show must have had Faust beaten a city block,
Why, Grant, I didn't know you were a horseman,
Work—nothing but work from mornin' till night.
@en, "Includes volumes 2-5 bound together."@en ; edm:hasType "Periodicals"@en ; dcterms:identifier "330-9711-O62"@en ; edm:isShownAt "10.14288/1.0222114"@en ; dcterms:language "English"@en ; edm:provider "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en ; dcterms:publisher "Vancouver : Opportunities Publishing Company"@en ; dcterms:rights "Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy, or otherwise distribute these images please contact digital.initiatives@ubc.ca."@en ; dcterms:source "Original Format: Vancouver Public Library. 330.9711 O62"@en ; dcterms:subject "British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:title "Opportunities : a monthly journal devoted to the growth, development, resources and possibilities in British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:type "Text"@en ; dcterms:description ""@en .