@prefix edm: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dc: . @prefix skos: . edm:dataProvider "CONTENTdm"@en ; dcterms:isReferencedBy "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=2432419"@en ; dcterms:isPartOf "University Publications"@en ; dcterms:issued "2015-07-15"@en, "[1978-09]"@en ; edm:aggregatedCHO "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/alumchron/items/1.0224251/source.json"@en ; dc:format "application/pdf"@en ; skos:note """ y4^Pl ■$*%& ilUBC ALUMNI Volume 32, Number 3, Autumn 1978 F ;ATURES « THE FAMILY DOCTOR: No.Longer an Endangered Species Eleanor Wachiel 8 THE LEGENDARY GORDON SHRUM Clive Cocking 12 KID LIT Is Not Just Child's Play Geoff Hancock 18 BE IT RESOLVED: That the Debate Continue Daphne Gray-Grant DEPARTMENTS 21 NEWS 25 SPOTLIGHT 30 CHRONICLE CLASSIFIED EDITOR Susan Jamieson MeLarnon, BA'65 EDSTORIAL ASSISTANT Christopher J. Miller (BA, Queen's) COVER Peter Lynde EditoriaS Committee Dr. Joseph Katz, Chair; Dr. Marcia Boyd, MA'75; Paul Hazell, BCom'60; Harry- Franklin, BA'49; Geoff Hancock, BFA'73, MFA'75; Michael W. Hunter, BA'63, LLB'67; Murray McMillan; Bel Nemetz, BA'35; Lorraine Shore, BA'67; Dr. Ross Stewart, BA'46, MA'48; Nancy Woo, BA'69. ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Alumni Media: Vancouver (604) 688-6819 Toronto (416) 781-6957 By special arrangement this issue ofthe Chronicle carries as an insert an alumni edition of UBC Reports, the university administration's campus publication. The VBC information office has responsibility for the edito- rial content and production of UBC Reports. ISSN 004-4999 p'- ' -nod quarterly by the Alumni Association of the University of British C"' ibia, Vancouver, Canada. The copyright of all contents is registered. B< -..MESS AND EDITORIAL OFFICES: Cecil Green Park, 6251 Cecil Green «>ad, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8, (604)-228-3313 SUBSCRIPTIONS: The ii Chronicle is sent to all alumni of the university. Non-alumni subscriptions liable at $3 a year; student subscriptions $1 a year. ADDRESS CHANGES' "ow address with old address label if available, to UBC Alumni Records >"ecil Green Park Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8. e_ FU- ' Requested. Po^dqp paid at the Third Class rate Permit No. 8568 HS-ill Mt" hokc. His territory becomes more core defined as his expertise in- -•. Is the family physician simply left 'o-man's-land? "Or," hazards Dr. "i Buchan of UBC's campus Com- " Health Centre family practice -g unit, "is the family physician do- :iething unique — something spe- hat sense of the word — by giving ' primary care?" is not all for improved professional there is a real need for this focus. phen Marion, a second year reside Vancouver General Hospital- ifai family practice unit clinic who had decided on F.P. when he started medicine, thinks family practitioners are not gaining in prestige. What training does, however, is better prepare them for office experience. "Regular G.P.s would be frustrated in practice because patients' complaints seemed minor and redundant compared to what they'd seen in the hospital. They didn't know how to treat them." Concurring, Buchan states: "The credo behind F.P. training is if your patients are going to be vertical, why be taught on horizontal ones?" An American study demonstrated that because of the hospital orientation of an out-patient clinic, 30 per cent of patients were subjected to tests and return visits that were unnecessary: "It is impossible to deliver good care in a vertically structured system such as our current hospital outpatient departments with their specialty clinics. It is impossible to offer good training in the context of bad service. All the forces at work in our present hospital ambulatory-care systems foster poor service. Patients must be seen as a whole or we can never make the proper connections between their complaints and their psychosocial conditions." F.P. training is an idea whose time has been a long time in coming. In 1944 the College of Family Physicians (then known as General Practitioners) of Canada was formed. "It was the beginning," adds Buchan, "ofthe drive to elevate the G.P., whose status had shrunk because of increased specialization, to being a dog's- body." Initially, emphasis was on the post-graduate education of practising doctors, those who had completed hospital internships and hung up a shingle. Even today, family practitioners must put in 100 hours of continuing education ev ery two years — through journals, tapes, conferences, courses or whatever — to retain membership in the college. "The old G.P. jack-of-all-trades is of necessity still around in small towns," explains Buchan. "A city doctor, however, wouldn't take out an appendix or go into an intensive care unit of a hospital. But we can render that special type of primary care for families. So if we are doing something special, perhaps we should teach new doctors to become family physicians." By the late '60s, the thrust of the College of Family Physicians of Canada was to create special family practice programs in conjunction with university medical schools. The first were in Hamilton and Calgary, and the idea has spread until now every Canadian school has one. (Along with the course, certification examinations were developed for new graduates and eligible practitioners.) UBC's family practice unit was established in 1969, but only as a division of health care and epidemiology within the Faculty of Medicine. Close to Vancouver General Hospital to facilitate the movement of medical residents, the unit was staffed with three family practitioners to provide post-intern training for medical students (starting in 1971) and also to serve as a family practice clinic for the community. As more resident training was needed and a child study group program on campus was winding down, two more family practitioners were plugged in and the campus unit was expanded to encompass the whole family. (It now serves primarily students, faculty, staff and their families, although knowledge of its existence at all is considered quite recherche in some quarters.) Currently, a third 5 ..;:->'r^i.':... Alexander Boggie, BA'50, MD'54, (above, left), coordinator of the VGH family practice unit consults with Dr. Clyde Slade, Royal Canadian Legion professor of family practice and acting head ofthe department. In Slade's lapel, the Legion insignia, recognizing that organization's role in the establishment ofthe UBC family practice department.... (Below) Jack Blanchard in the campus community health centre lab. The list on the blackboard would indicate this is no ordinary medical office: lollipops, Spray Kleen, toothpicks, isopropanol, lunchbags andBandaids. \\yA. 6 Chronicle I Autumn 1978 centre is being developed at the Shaughnessy Hospital complex. A separate and full-fledged family practice department in the UBC medical faculty came about only through the energy of Dr. Clyde Slade and the responsiveness ofthe Royal Canadian Legion. When the university senate approved the establishment of an independent F.P. department, it was contingent on funding. At the time, Slade read about the Legion's large membership and desire for a new community role and greater sense of commitment. He approached them with the family practice proposal. A $40,000 grant to fund a chair of family practice, to be provided annually by the Royal Canadian Legion enabled the university to set up the department. The impact of the change in status to that of department has been significant, felt first of all in an increased emphasis on family practice throughout the medical faculty. A first year undergraduate course is offered and second year students can opt for a summer elective. Through partial sponsorship by the provincial department of labor, medical students were working all across British Columbia in the clinics and offices of family practitioners. This past summer 56 out of a class of 80 participated in the program — an intense and exciting experience. Students developed confidence and commitment. Jodeen Schlatter, for example, spent two months in Chetwynd, a "one-horse town," where she stayed at the doctor's house, accompanied him on calls, and even sold hamburgers at the rodeo. Not surprisingly, this exposure influences the medical student's career choice. Over the years, graduating students have tended to split 50-50; half the fourth year class electing to become specialists and half family practitioners. Last year, however, fully 70 per cent opted for family practice. While the department's message appears to be percolating down to the medical students, the main thrust ofthe activity remains at the post-graduate level. It is fl< VI r- to m Mo si !tr ' w >"t! ,u '.S( centred around the two-year F.P u, dency program. Competition for ei u\\ keen as the program's cniolment u mited to 24 doctors. The first year un lates a rotating internship plus I ,nii practice experience to enable the re idt, to obtain a license to practise in B.C l\\ second year allows for selection of a t url elective and provides greater clinic il i perience preparatory to the writing >i \\\\ certification exams. The overall pn ^ is designed to demonstrate vividly w uti expect in an office context. Dr. Al B< ggi, coordinator of the clinic at VGH eu phasizes that ambulatory patients - - tl walking wounded — form the bulk if tl patient population. "Ninety-five pe _er of people don't go to hospital. This inn lates a family practice." In addition to seeing patients on tha' feet, residents are exposed to anotht, T facet of family practice care: the inta!1",'', disciplinary team. Social worker, pubr 'I health nurse, pharmacist, clinic nurse air A>? consultant physiotherapist and nm1 ** , ritionist work together with the doctors,)' « develop a holistic approach to medicine-; f>r both preventative and curative. Thisi, partially a consolation prize to the patient m who see residents come and go every eigh' i weeks. There are senior supervising! physicians who provide continuity. Tljjy post-graduate students in the prograra add the ingredient almost completely k Q. in modern medicine: time. Doctors a'L") encouraged to be slow and methodical^., judged on quality of care rather Xhf'H speed. They call in supplementary heali'»|! professionals to ensure patients receipt! detailed relaxation exercises, anti-sti?'* or anti-smoking or whatever programs ai needed. J In terms of training, the gain of thi kind of experience is the enhanced undeV ?s standing of the patient's problem!' 4 through informal interaction with i\\ ,i professional team. Their diverse perspet, f i tives increase the awareness of the fledj < I ling family physician ofthe usefulness of '$ related health professionals whether heo ';], she ultimately works in a clinic setting (M^ not- [ & Much like the notion ofthe specif ltvo, <<<( family practice itself, the concept of tl | comprehensive team for communit' ft( medicine gained currency in the late W w although it had been articulated ; ha! , century earlier in England. It cam* ir* *. vogue in Canada in 1972 with the pu iiiti' "\\ tion of the Hastings Report, a fe leralj ,\\ provincial community health centrt pre, ,•< ject. In addition to having a ran^eo ] health professionals operating in coi cert c)w, the report promulgated the idea of. iteg (<( rating social services with health ca.- e "The combination of health and oci) *«s services reflects a growing recognir in1 > the intimate relationship between th. tu V service fields. The basic social servic " uffl should play a dynamic and key rt le i community education, organizatioi aft development." The report further mirrors some 11 tin ^ jt" sm and cooperative spirit ofthe '60s. M in testimony to that, the coordinator c{ ACH, an East Vancouver community nic, observed that the best source of C( -iitted doctors are the drop-outs of th 60s.) "The Committee feels that cc 'iunity health centres should allow fl, ile and innovative uses of manpower w, 'i will, by concentration of patient's pi ems, offer more comprehensive care to opie. We feel that decision making m, be shared and many functions real- Io L>d. Health professions as a whole she • !d use the resources of other people in the ommunity (clergy, teachers, youth -Iwo' ers, police) and the general public themselves," continued the report. "i be practical results for British Col- uml>ia were four Community Human Resources and Health Centres established between 1974 and 1976 primarily to provide satisfactory health care where previously there was none. The clinics were better able to attract and keep their staff than the usually operative 'free market' system. So centres were set up in the Queen Charlotte Islands, the mining community of Granisle, in Houston, a mill town, and in James Bay, an older neighborhood of Victoria. Their three main objectives were: community involvement (attained formally through an elected board of 10 to 15 members and informally through volunteers), integration of services and emphasis on prevention. Two years later, an audit committee was formed to evaluate the performance of the centres for the provincial government. This report, submitted February 28, 1977, was wholly favorable. In cost- benefit terms, it noted a major potential br slowing the escalation of health care costs by the reduction of hospital and ursing home costs (50 per cent of the 1971 provincial ministry of health's total udget). In addition, it found a wider range of accessible services available to the community, a greater public awareness and emphasis on health, a bet- er understanding and appreciation amongst health professionals of related disciplines, and so on. Th* centres will be evaluated again in >tl>r<.' ^ears, but meanwhile no new ones iart -,mg planned, despite the audit c°r ''ittee's recommendation that ,"fu ■ -n centres should be developed in rf\\ ,se to identified social and health ser ..s needs in a community: The govern at should actively encourage commit 'es to adopt such centres for the re-> j of more efficient and cost effective caif A good idea apparently but not yet ri'v v, becoming the standard. >- although the solo practice doctor ^ ^appearing species, few family Pl» "ins will actually operate in a large, IR i ■ sciplinary clinic. If the goal of the 'at practice program is to prepare spf >sts for the conditions they will in *a<: -ounter, is this an instance of mis- d! < t on of effort? For while the UBC units are not a model for these public clinics since the university's primary function is teaching, they certainly do provide exposure to community health resources. The answer seems to be that the program is just following its own consistent logic: for it is usually argued that one of the main obstacles in the road of increasingly integrated services is resistance on the part of doctors themselves. An Ontario study, for example, revealed that medical educators are much more prepared than community physicians to have allied health professionals do paramedical tasks like counselling, taking histories and dealing with routine problems. Ontario F.P.s saw their assistants' role more in terms of office administration and paper work. Currently the same situation exists in B.C. It is borne out by the small number of community clinics operating in an urban context, and by a diminishing number of real group practices. Doctors, keen for their independence, will work in association with other practitioners to share overhead costs and cover night calls, but not in an integrated operation. A notable exception is the large East Vancouver community clinic, REACH, whose staff of 23 (one of the doctors is a graduate ofthe UBC F.P. residency program) is funded through the UBC department of pediatrics, the B.C. Medical Services Plan, the income generated by its practising dentists, and (approximately 55 per cent) by a grant from the B.C. ministry of health. It provides especially effective service for multi-problem patients in a setting where team effort is taken seriously. About 35 per cent ofthe patient load is handled by the two nurse practitioners. The pharmacist, situated strategically near the centre ofthe medical consulting area, has significant input into treatment. She knows her patients as well as their prescribing physician does. REACH was started to give pediatrics some roots in the community; new shoots were added with the department of family practice. However slow in coming to fruition, all these trends are heartening in that they mark a return to concern for the whole patient. With that goal in view, the New York Symposium was so bold as to suggest that all specialists first receive family practice training so that they learn how to treat patients, not diseases, and the complete patient at that. Of course Dr. Boggie maintains that family practice has always been a specialty — there've always been family doctors — but only now is it becoming recognized as a distinct discipline by other doctors. "As other specialists become even more specialized, there's a greater need for the whole picture, for the constant and continuing thread of medicine in people's lives," that family practice offers.□ Eleanor Wachtel is a Vancouver freelance writer and broadcaster. ■ .* ■ , -.-:■> ~-y. One ofthe varied health care professionals associated with the UBC clinic, Adele Jenkins, prepares an injection for a patient in her allergy clinic. ■.V-;' ■ , ,.■•' -i.-./f '^-'wlf "> *'. * ''**"-,,' ■' i_" r i i i 1 7->, nora n 8 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 :i t '"• /.;•;-* ** y . ■y \\\\t?-i?y&^ w:u ^4^4: It - H --^ ■~t Clive Cocking r. Gordon Shrum is restless. He I swivels around in his chair and looks down through the glass walls of his 17th floor corner office across Robson and Hornby at his latest project, the new provincial courthouse-office complex. People are strolling across the plazas, lolling in the sunshine by the reflecting pools and dining under umbrellas at the sunken open-air restaurants. Under the bubbles there, beneath Robson Street, he says, the ice rink is just about finished. And along Hornby, hidden by trees, many of the low-profile offices are already occupied and functioning. To the south, only the six storeys of terraced courtrooms remain to be completed and they will be finished next year — and with them, Shrum's job as project coordinator. But Gordon Merritt Shrum, at 82, feels far from finished. Nor does he look it: there is no stoop to the towering frame, the handshake is firm, the voice still booms out at you and the wit is as quick as ever. When I phoned for an interview on his jam-packed career, he quipped: "Why don't we wait till closer to the end — I'm just getting going." Indeed, the man is still looking ahead to the next challenge. His name has recently been touted as project coordinator for Vancouver's proposed new waterfront convention centre and, yes, he would love to take on that job next. "I have no interest in retiring," he says simply. That, ironically, from a former physicist who has done more since he was forced to take compulsory "retirement" from UBC at 65 than the vast majority of people do in an entire lifetime. The rangy, craggy, colorful persona of Dr. Gordon Shrum has been such a fixture on the public landscape of British Columbia for so long and he has appeared in so many guises that it has been easy to overlook the importance of his contribution. Here we see Shrum, the fixer, after the war swiftly and mysteriously relocating dozens of military huts onto the UBC campus, enabling the university to accommodate thousands of returning veterans. There he is in B.C. Hydro hardhat at the controls of a bulldozer, the dam- builder, starting construction of the massive Peace River power project. Here a picture of the university-builder, Shrum in the chancellor's robes at the official opening of Simon Fraser University, the "instant" university whose construction he pushed through in an amazing 18 months. Now he appears as the provocative public speaker telling school trustees that "stay-ins" have become a bigger problem to education than "drop-outs," arguing for schooling to be compulsory only up to Grade 8. Then it's Shrum the environmentalists' antagonist, publicly drinking a glass of defoliant to try to demonstrate the harmlessness of B.C. Hydro's powerline clearing program. Next it's Shrum the "management super-star," the director of the Centennial Museum-Planetarium successfully turning the complex from a loser into a popular and financial success.... How can such a career be summed up? "Anything you could say about him would be too little," says UBC president emeritus Dr. Norman MacKenzie, who particularly recalls Shrum's contribution to the postwar transformation of the university. "He was one ofthe most loyal and efficient colleagues I ever had and about the best expediter I could imagine. If something should be done or had to be done I'd call Gordon in and we'd discuss it. If he said it was feasible and agreed to take it on, I could go off with an easy conscience and know that it had been taken care of." MacKenzie indeed used to refer to Shrum, during those hectic postwar years, as his "chief expediter." Later, the former premier, W.A.C. Bennett, was to rely on Shrum to perform much the same role on a bigger stage. Dr. Gordon Shram, in fact, has for many years been British Columbia's "chief expediter." As such he has left his imprint — and he's not finished yet — not only on our universities, but on the province as a whole. Gordon Shrum was born on a farm near Smithviile, Ontario, on January 14,1896. He went to high school in Hamilton where the boy across the aisle was Lester B. Pearson. "I used to reach across and pull him out of his seat when the teacher wasn't looking," Shrum recalls. They both went on to Victoria College, University of Toronto, where he remembered Pearson as a good scholar and athlete and a young man in a hurry, but "I never expected him to be prime minister." The First World War interrupted Shrum's studies at the end of third year. He was sent overseas with the Canadian Artillery and was wounded at Paschen- dale, catching a piece of shrapnel near the bridge ofthe nose. Returning to the U. of T., he became a more serious, hardworking student and graduated with a first-class bachelor of science in'physics. He considered graduate work but instead went to work for an abattoir, the forerunner of Canada Packers, disliking it thoroughly; then he went on to teach at a private school, which he disliked even more. One day he ran into one of his old professors, Dr. John McLennan, who was engaged in trying to liquefy helium, and who told Shrum he was just the man he wanted to help him run his helium 9 plant. ("You were in the artillery, weren't you? You wouldn't be afraid of explosions then, would you?") McLennan offered to match his current income of $1,800 a year and give him an MA: Shrum took it in what turned out to be a watershed decision in his life. After a couple of years work (and a few minor explosions) they succeeded, beating a better-equipped American team, to become the second in the world to liquefy helium in 1923 (the Dutch had done it first in 1908). It was a necessary first step to set up a cryogenic lab so as to get into low temperature physics research. Shrum stayed on, doing research in low temperatures and spectroscopy, and got his PhD. Then, while helping Dr. McLennan during a year of post-doctorate work, Shrum began to look for the explanation of the Aurora Green Line that exists 100 kilometers up in the atmosphere. In the spring of 1924 a Prof. Vegard of Norway announced he had reproduced the green line, attributing it to specks of frozen nitrogen. This gave him the incentive of proving the distinguished professor wrong: Shrum had done the same experiments without result. But he got no further, took a job with Corning Glass (which he loathed), then gladly came back at Dr. McLennan's request when they couldn't get the low temperature plant to work. Eventually Shrum began a new series of experiments, reproducing the conditions of the upper sky in a 50-foot long discharge tube. "I was pretty sure it was due to helium, because there's nothing else up there," Shrum recalls. The line proved stubbornly elusive. Then one day, while McLennan was away, Shrum began the experiment again, looked in and suddenly there was the Aurora Green Line. But when McLennan came back, excited to see the discovery, he couldn't reproduce the line: for two frustrating weeks he failed. "I was just about going off my rocker," Shrum remembers. "I did everything I could think of, increased the purifying equipment and rebuilt it, but nothing worked. So finally — this sounds odd — I thought there's only one thing left to do: I'll go home, go to bed at the same time the night before I saw it, I'll get up at the same time, go to work at the same time, I'll start the experiment at the same time and see if I get it. So I did this and I looked in the spectroscope and there was the line." Shrum knew immediately that it was not due to pure helium as he had thought. Since he had not had time to purify the helium the green line was obviously due to the impurity. "It was the stuff that I was excluding that was keeping me from seeing it," he said. "Within days we found out it was due to oxygen and there was no question then that Vegard was wrong." It was 1925, Shrum was 29 years old and he had just made a major scientific achievement in explaining the Aurora 10 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 Green Line. But the triumph was soured when his erstwhile mentor, Dr. McLennan, who was not short of ego, did not include Shrum's name on the first notice of the discovery sent to Nature. This was the clincher that persuaded Shrum to accept an offer to come to UBC. After a 17-day trip in a Modei-T Ford, Shrum arrived just in time for the relocation ofthe UBC campus from Fairview to Point Grey. Colleagues had warned him he would ruin his career by coming to such a scientific backwater, but the young physics professor found it to be "a delightful place." The head of his department, Dr. Hebb, was "the reverse of McLennan, the most unselfish man I ever ran across," and the president, Dr. L.S. Klinck, was equally admirable. "He was the sort of man who if he had an appointment to speak to the Student Christian Movement or some other small group and the lieutenant-governor came along and there was a party for him, Dr. Klinck would send someone else to represent the university because he had an appointment." Although initially intending to stay only one year, Shrum decided put down his academic roots at UBC. There was indeed no hope of pursuing a research career at UBC then — with a teaching load of 14 hours a week — although Shrum, working nights and weekends, did succeed in doing some research but "nothing of earth-shaking importance." Instead, he threw himself into teaching and later administration. Over the years he became noted as a very demanding but stimulating teacher. Dr. George Volkoff, dean of science, who took freshman physics from Shrum in 1930 and ultimately succeeded him as head of physics, attributes his decision to become a physicist to the influence and prodding of Shrum. "He was then as he is now, full of enthusiasm," says Volkoff. "His class was full of his big voice and cheerful personality. He did all kinds of experiments on the front bench, he gargled liquid air, he breathed helium and did all sorts of tricks. Generally speaking, his class was not able to go to sleep at any time." It was in 1937 when Shrum first discovered for himself, and began to demonstrate, his wizardry in administration when he was appointed director of extension. The extension department had been started with a Rockefeller Foundation grant and the first director had left after spending all the money and accomplishing nothing. "When he took over extension he did a marvellous job," recalls Dr. Fred Soward, a long-time colleague who was Shrum's associate dean of graduate studies in the '50s. "Gordon saw new possibilities for extension, whether it was working with fishermen or with Dorothy Somerset and Ken Caple in amateur drama in the Okanagan." Shrum succeeded in wheedling $40,000 from the two senior governments and in expanding the work of extension. Ar onp other things, the department launcr J, Radio Farm Forum, a series of radio alki on fine arts, a rural adult education j r0g ram and a course in cooperatives v\\ nch led to formation of B.C.'s first credi un' ion: the North Arm Fraser Credit U non which now has assets of about $15 mi) «on[ By the time he stepped down in 1 >53 i UBC's extension department had bee )int, one of the best in Canada. j But it was during the Second U )ild| War and the years immediately after that1, Shrum really emerged as UBC's "< hief| expediter." One of the first indicat ons^ occurred when Shrum, then heao off physics, received a request from Ot awt for UBC's help in training radar tec'iml cians. He went to the acting presi lent who said the university could haadle * about 30; Shrum, who "didn't think that ^ was making much of a contribution te the 0 war effort," wired back that they'd cak\\ <1 150 students. As always, money was short i so Shrum and a colleague went to Seattle and scrounged two truckioads of radio sets from department stores and used the parts to make "bread boards;" the equip ment budget was used to build a frame1 addition onto the physics building. The' experience convinced Shrum ("we pro duced the top students in Canada") what could be accomplished with temporary structures. Another ofthe hats he wore at that time was that of Lt.-Col. G.M. Shrum, commanding officer of the UBC contingent of,' the Canadian Officers Training Corps. He faced a familiar problem: no facilities for training. Shrum's solution was a scheme whereby the men would "voluntarily" waive their army pay and contribute it to building the Armouries. But the "voluntary" plan had a Catch-22. It seems the army recognized 1,200 men as the full-strength complement at UBC, but there were 1,800 men taking training. So in Shrum's scheme, those lining up in Column A, agreeing to waive pay, got paid — that is, UBC got the Armouries (or "Shrumeries," as thev were called). But those stingy 400-odd men who lined up in Column B, wanting to keep their pay, discovered at the end of the line there was no pay: they v/ere beyond the recognized establishment "They got all they were entitled 10," Shrum chuckles, "which was nothing." Gordon Shrum's role in bringing the huts to accommodate the returning \\ ete-j p rans after the war is now legendary. T^ere' ^ was some pressure on campus then tt di-^ ^ vide up the Armouries for this puq ose' jj but Shrum, then in charge of hous ng,; 'fj, would have none of it. He discoverei he| $ could do more for less by buying and ir ov- ing onto campus some army huts from the Endowment Lands; soon he was brin£ ing in hundreds from all over. He bough an entire camp at Tofino and paid a tear 1 of jj students to go over there, dismantle th m,, , and ship them across on barges. On o ca-( dj sion there wasn't time to-proceed thro igb '&\\ 31 L..7L - channels. ere were some nice ones in North jP iver up the side of the mountain," ■;-,,, : remembers, smiling. "No one ,,>en i to know who owned them, so I j,!(j em moved down to the campus: I jioi it we could find out later who ,nuv them. Well, the City of North v'an, iver were debating whether they -hot buy these huts or not and this went on ( two or three months in council, nil,' they decided to buy them and v,en. P there to get them: there wasn't a thin* here." B- he mid-'50s the "chief expediter" seen' .! omnipresent on campus. Shrum <,vas! 'i.ding down three full-time jobs — head ! physics, director of extension and touni ing director of the B.C. Research Cour. il — as well as being on 33 committees. :n 1958 he agreed to head a Royal Com;mission on financing the then private B.C. Power Commission, which had become locked in a messy public squabble viith W.A.C. Bennett's Social Credit government. . The two sides had agreed that a debt owed the province would be converted i'nto bonds. The dispute ultimately was over the rate of return on the bonds. Bennett wanted three and a half per cent, the Commission offered three per cent. "All I did, I'm ashamed to say," said Shrum, "was to split the difference between them and make it three and a quarter per cent. And both sides claimed they won." ' Bennett was pleased. This led to Shrum being appointed head of the B.C. Energy Board and being thrown the heavily political question of recommending whether to Build the Peace River or the Columbia River power projects. Two British consulting firms were given the job of analyzing which would be cheaper and in the spring of 1961 Shrum went to the U.K. to get the answer. It came down on the side of what opposition politicians and the newspapers had been saying: the Peace project would be more expensive. "So I was worried about this; one night Ididn't sleep at all," recalls Shrum. "I was afraid to come back to B.C. and tell Bennett that the result of my investigation was ihat the opposition was right." • On further discussions, it emerged that the key element was the cost ofthe money tor the massive projects. The consultants '-vere'. Iculating that the Columbia would be g<. ernment-financed and that the Peace vould be privately-financed, by Wenr: -Gren and B.C. Electric, and in- evital ■ more expensive. Shrum then had &e Ce1: ulations done on the basis of both bem^ -.overnment-financed: the cost of ihe tv ■ projects then came out virtually equai $_t as fellow commissioner Hugh foe: : yside was determinedly pro- --.olir, tui pre. did hrc.i |jaii Whi idly '!erti. ;ng. ' S!! Peking? The newer children's books ure Cj '.ite different from those published jn tb:. first half of the 20th century. Instead of describing childhood as a time of jiostak;ia and happiness, the new chil- fiien's books insist that children's reading bhould reflect the reality around them. nstead of talking choo-choo trains, teddy oears, fairies and Snow White, we get jilums, ghettoes, wars and drunks lying on tjidewalks. In other words, a world exactly like the one we live in. Sounds glum? Perhaps it is. Certainly, 'at UBC, the 25,000 volume children's Jbook collection, or "j-books" (based on 'library call letters) is taken very seriously. -Children's books are no longer considered ifrivolous and passing amusements, but a 'serious genre contributing significantly to [our understanding of literature and society. j Sheila Egoff, professor in the school of /,librarianship, and responsible for the • purchase of most of the titles, said UBC •has a children's book collection for many , reasons. "Most emphatically," she says, ~'!"This is a teaching collection used by students taking such courses a's English 318 '.(children's literature), or Education 341 [(methodology of teaching literature to .children), or any ofthe six courses in children's literature taught by the school of '[librarianship. At UBC, children's literature is an integral part ofthe curriculum." "r Yes, she admits a cluster of profound 'changes have affected children's writing. jA cartoon in Egoff s office illustrates one .change. The comic character says, "I've "abandoned my search for the truth and am now looking for a good fantasy." Sheila Egoff insists the outstanding writers of children's fantasy in UBC's collection, like Alan Garner, Susan Cooper, -Jill Payton-Walsh and Ursula Le Guin, .would put current novelists to shame. "Children's literature will save the novel," she says. Th? problem for children's literature lies ir the realistic direction, Egoff says. . The ' aumas of childhood are dealt with as never before. The unusual child, the oven/, :ight child, the loner, the distressed , the handicapped, even the terminally Jl) ax new subjects in children's books. 'In Nohody Asked Me If I Wanted A Baby Sister the young protagonist decides to .give ;i vay his cute and adorable sibling. where Is Daddy? goes a long way beyond Little Women in depicting the single parent home. Books like Too Bad About the ' . • ' ' 1 * , - ' - / - t '/• il |^1^. . ^ Haines Girl (an abortion story) and You Would If You Loved Me (adolescent sex) venture into areas that Prince Charming and Sleeping Beauty never considered. Egoff admits that some of the changes are not for the better. Too many recent popular books read like TV scripts and erode the literary values she thinks crucial. Without hesitation she launches into a long diatribe against what she calls 'the American Problem Novel for Children.' "There's been a decline in reading standards since the rise of the problem novel. Worse, it's what children prefer to read. It deals with adult problems — drugs, sex, alcoholism — but on a simple level. The subject matter has changed; the style has dropped. "The American problem novel has certainly given children more freedom, but has set up, what shall I say? Interdict- ments. Social behavior is taken as the lowest common denominator. Taken to the point of illiteracy, I might add. It's sweeping the country. It's as pervasive as le Coca Cola. These topics flatter kids, make them feel adult. It's part ofthe idea today that it's the kid's right to know. "I'm not against openness, but against bad writing, against sensationalism, against the easy conclusion. Problem novels are too short. And 99 per cent of them are in the first person. They present the thoughts of kids of 10 or 11 or early teens. The loss ofthe omniscient narrator means the loss of the varied look at the world. Only one viewpoint. It's what I call pseudo-existentialist literature." She sighs. "To educate or to entertain. We're back in the Age of Didacticism. Charlotte Yonge was a well-known Victorian writer of children's literature, one of the first to write children's historical novels-1888. Everyone thinks the problems of kids can be solved if they read the right books. Why do we have books about single parents? It's what the adult world wants children to see." Egoff says children's books have their own conventions, characteristics and .styles. "You can look at a whole cross section of literary history. There's a high correlation in theme, subject, style and values among books that were deliberately written for children, such as George Mac Donald's The Princess Books and books taken over by children, such as Tolkien's The Hobbit, or Robinson Crusoe, 13 or even Star Wars and some of William Blake's poetry. They take over books that have the same quality as books written for them. I'll take back my theory if I find that kids have taken over William Faulkner." Assistant professor Susan Wood teaches a popular "kiddylit" course, English 318. With up to 300 students in six sections, the course is exceeded in popularity only by Canadian literature and Shakespeare, Wood says. She added that instructors are "falling all over each other" to teach the course which draws connections between children's literature and the adult cultural tradition in Canadian and English literature. "It's not just a service course for potential librarians, but a serious field of literary study," Wood says. "As for the children's book collection at UBC, I'm impressed by its historical range. It's up to date on contemporary material and is very strong in the 19th century." Wood refers frequently to the collection. Earlier this year, for example, she was researching the children's works of Catherine Parr Traill (1802-1899). Traill, whose sister Susannah Moodie wrote the Canadian classic Roughing it in the Bush, wrote a series of critically important works. Wood says: "Her purpose, in books like Canadian Crusoes, Lady Mary and Her Nurse, or, A Peep into the Forests, and Cot and Cradle, was to instruct children about Canada. What image of Canada did these children get?" Lady Mary finds out from her nurse, for instance, a great deal about squirrels, Canadian rice, otters, and Indians. Then Lady Mary asks to be left alone to play with her doll. As Sheila Egoff points out in her own book The Republic of Childhood: a critical guide to Children's Literature in English (Oxford University Press), generally regarded as the standard work in its field, such historical works reveal more than content and style. "They show what Replicas ofthe Horn-Book - 1897. Canada and Canadians are like, what values we respect, how we look at ourselves and our past. Just as Alice in Wonderland tells us much about Victorian England, so children's books in Canada reflect many of the forces in our own society; it is a reflection in miniature, of course, but accurate and indicative." The children's book collection is housed in three areas at UBC. The main library has at least 15,000 titles, mostly fiction; special collections has approximately 2,000 titles; and the curriculum lab in the faculty of education has another 8,500 titles, mostly non-fiction and picture books according to librarian Pat Dunn, and is used by students in the school library program and the elementary education program. The books are primarily American, British and Canadian (though the Canadian tradition of children's books is really still in its infancy, less than 30 years old), and works in translation. But the collection is by no means complete. Egoff: "No special collection is ever complete. We're just beginners. Though we're the best in Western Canada, we're babes in the woods compared to the 30- year old Osbourne Collection." The Osbourne Collection of Early Children's Books in the Toronto Public Library is one ofthe half dozen most famous in the world (along with the Rosen- bach collection in Philadelphia, the Pierpont-Morgan Library in New York City, the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. and London's British Library, formerly the British Museum). With nearly 10,000 titles, Egoff guessed, plus Lillian H. Smith's collection of 20th century first editions, plus the new Boy's and Girl's House at the Toronto Public Library (where Egoff worked 10 years as librarian), UBC's collection appears pint size. But she springs to its defense. "In terms of Canadian universities we haye an extremely good collection. It's regularized according to good library practices and it's right up there on the fifth floor or in the From Tom Thumb, by Kane O'Hara, illustrated by George Cruikshank - 1830 14 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 curriculum lab. With the exception of special collections, the books are available to all." Too available, she might have added, She seethes with an unapologetic slow burn when she thinks about excessive parent borrowing which sometimes reaches epidemic proportions. The Osbourne Collection is for research purposes only and has no lending privileges. Also, Egoff says, the Osbourne Collection is not connected with the University of Toronto, but with the Toronto Public Library, several blocks away. "Unfortunately, in Vancouver, the resources of public libraries are limited, "Egoff says. "Certainly the public libraries have newer books. But students can't always be expected to travel 12 miles to town. For students writing research papers, it's our job to supply the books." Topics in children's literature are weighty. In one class they write on "Facing the Reality of Death in Children's Literature"; in another, on "Growing Old in the Literature ofthe Young". Researchers might concentrate on "The Image of Women in Children's Literature" or "Minority Groups as Portrayed in Children's Literature" or ecology, or sex or family relationships. Researchers m ght compare and contrast some pretty c >nv prehensive information on plot, my hs, archetypes and the patterns of fairy t des in children's stories and Chaucei or •Shakespeare's A Midsummer Nig it's Dream. And somebody else is out tl ere comparing a number of authors with n a similar genre, say first books for chili ren or serials like the Nancy Drew books There is no difference between c nl- dren's books and any other area of lit< ra ture, say the experts, and for them, th sis J se th E^ ce re, $k ce bu tu an Be (!' Man 4sn >M Jde * wi "SCO serious business. Through the centuries, Egoff says, children's books have marked the changes and patterns of social history. "There is no clearer way of establishing social patterns than by looking at what society does for its children. It's so loud and clear. First, children's books are the most thorough piece of social history. And second, they represent the development of publishing history. In the Victorian Age, around the 1880s there were more children's books published than in any genre outside the novel. And even today, the publishing of children's books outweighs any other type of literature. The social and religious history, the picture of the Industrial Revolution as portrayed in children's books is fantastic." Remember Oliver Twist? UBC's Children's Collection is strong in Victorian "toybooks", soft covered, illustrated children's books selling for a few pennies. The best examples, such,as the works of Kate Greenaway, Randolph Caldecott and Walter Crane, reflect not only the advances in color-printing techniques (the London printer Edmund Evans developed a full color printing process in 1872 that heralded the advance of jjUthe modern picture book), but also the ■At changing emphasis in juvenile leisure j| reading. Obviously, text, pictures and de- y sign have changed considerably in the ). Ev.in the seemingly less controversial j \\ area of children's design opens up a massive ;hapter in the study of children's \\'boo3>;. Though a good design has been .^described as "background music in tune *4with the words", puzzled parents have -complained that picture books do not en- 1 courage their children to read. Those of a Mc-Luhanesque bent will no doubt argue this is a visual time we live in, and we most naturally respond to the image. Even so, some bad designs have been compared to "chilled lime gelatine, garnished with bits of pimento, nestling in a few leaves of lettuce and tenderly resting on nothing." UBC's collection is a recent addition to the library. Egoff says it started in 1962 with a few hundred books sent over from the old Victoria College of Education. "The books landed in the main library. In January, 1962, I was hired to teach children's literature. After one look at what I had to work with, I thought I'd throw myself off the Lion's Gate Bridge! Somehow I got together $2,000 and worked late at night filling in order cards. Then the library put the collection on its regular budget. With the development of the school of librarianship, the setting up of children's literature courses was recognized and became a full part ofthe university community." She emphasized all the new titles are purchased. She does not encourage publisher donations — "Publishers have to be supported too" — and she donates her own complimentary copies to the library. The budget is small. "Only $1,500 a year and that's squeezed," she says. At an average price of $12 a book, plus the squeeze, that means only 150 or so books a year can be purchased out of the 6,000 titles published internationally in English in children's books. The exact figure is difficult to ascertain because there is a nebulous area of adolescent books. Are An original Battledoor, a method of teaching the alphabet-circa 1810. young teen's books still children's books? No one knows for sure. Since the early 1950s as well, over 150,000 children's titles in English have been published, considerably complicating a librarian's day. As for private donations, well, although Egoff doesn't discourage gifts, she is discriminating. "We prefer first editions, specially illustrated and rare books only. We want a library with prestige," she says. She checks out potential gifts carefully in the trade catalogues, noting author, illustrator and date of publication. If the gift book is valuable, a receipt is provided for income tax deductions. "And query first," she adds. Though you can forget handing over your children's Golden Books with the chewed corners and crayoned pages, UBC has received substantial donations in the past. Major donors include the Colbeck 19th century collection of belles-lettres which has some first editions of early children's books. The special collection began in 1963 with the acquisition of some 200 duplicate books purchased from the Free Library of Philadelphia. This was named the Aubrey Malin-Barbra Edmunds Memorial Collection in honor of two UBC librarians who died tragically that year. In a seldom used corner of the library's seventh floor special collections is the Alice in Wonderland collection. A gift of the graduating class of 1925 in 1965 to commemorate both their 40th anniversary and the centenary of Alice's publication in London, the collection includes about 600 volumes. Though curator Anne Yandle describes this modestly as "the start of a collection", fans of Carrolliana would find many hot items to enthuse them. There's A/ice in Wonderland in first, ! m r Iflk ' early, and limited editions. There's Alice in Hindi, Italian, and Latin. Various other Alices are in song script and accompanied by recordings from the Walt Disney production. You can see Alice as illustrated by John Tenniel, or 80 other illustrators, including the surrealist painter Salvador Dali in a magnificent $400 limited edition with 13 loose sheets. Or you can settle back with the two volume Limited Editions Club set signed by Alice Hargreaves, the original Alice. Anything else you'd care to know about Alice? There are several parodies, mostly bad, like Alice in Bennettland andMalice in Kul- turland, as well as several autograph letters of Tenniel, biographies of Lewis Carroll and other aspects of his writing for children. But the area Sheila Egoff is interested in building up strongly is the early 20th century up to World War II, a period that has not been studied to any great extent. This area of the children's collection was significantly enlarged in 1976 with the splendid gift from Stanley, (BA'25, DLitt'76), and Rose Arkley of about 750 books, including the works of Louisa May Alcott, Margaret Sidney and Frances Hodgson Burnett. The Arkleys also gave a large sum of money to purchase key books for the collection. Egoff emphasizes that books will be bought individually, not in bulk and that quality is her main concern. "But all financial contributions are certainly welcome," Egoff says with a grin. Within the coming year she will embark on a fund raising campaign to produce a major catalogue of the Arkley books as well as the whole of the children's collection with both a chronological list of the holdings and an introduction on the history of children's literature. If the spicy little shockers of today's children's books-are too much to handle, nearly three centuries of diversified children's books are among the 2,000 titles stashed away in the air conditioned vaults ofthe special collections division. You can return to happiness and innocence and the best of all possible worlds with a 1780 edition of The History of Little Goody Two Shoes, supposedly authored by Oliver Goldsmith. And there's pleasure and delight in an 1800 edition of Cinderella, or, the Little Glass Slipper or an 1840 hieroglyph Bible. But the bulk of special collections is 19th and early 20th century. Pull that "blanket of primal innocence" back over your shoulders with first editions of Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island, Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Beatrix Potter's The Tailor of Gloucester or Charles Kingsley's The Heroes of Greek Fairy Tales for children (in vellum bindings, no less). There are also fragile Victorian paperbacks and periodicals and 3-D panorama books protected in plastic bags. Special collections also has Walter Crane's original water colors for Jack, the Giant Killer (1865). If you're not tired of houseclean- 16 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 ing by now, there's still original manuscripts by Roderick Haig-Brown and Christie Harris, as well as primers, preceptors, readers, chapbooks, one-syllable books and fabulous histories laden with morality such as Sandford and Merton, a best seller for over 100 years. And if that isn't enough, in another room are 2,000 early Canadian textbooks, for those 19th A COLLECTION ■iglr li ■;'Icl 'C\\~ ;"- i Ti'in. .C-sVy <•"; ?"..i, ■.;'.* 'V. "Jmf* yriWiCi J. Kcidica, jSrkc, Colli-i..*:-!; A Kendrew-York Chap Book, for children's pleasure reading-circa 1820. century children who preferred their algebra and geography to imaginative story telling. Special collections is arranged chronologically, from the early 18th century to the present, with several cardboard boxes of uncatalogued material. By comparison, the main holdings are organized by a special Library of Congress classification which keeps similar books together. For example, the 15 versions of The Tales of King Arthur all huddle together. Fiction is alphabetical by author and non-fiction follows the regular Library of Congress classifications. Naturally, such arrangements lead to some criticisms. Susan Wood says the collection could be improved. "It needs to be more accessible instead of being physically split in three locations. It's poorly situated and hard to find. The cataloguing seems jumbled. Though not many people will read children's books in Japanese or Russian, there are still not enough non- English or French books. I also wish the collection had more space. Or better, a room of its own." Egoff agrees: "Yes, we certainly need a new room in the main library for the collection. But worse than poor quarters are the intellectual gaps in the collection. A staff can cope with poor quarters. What's worse is not having the money or the staff to fill in the gaps." To fill in those intellectual gaps,'Egoff has firm guidelines for quality control. She does not consider children's books a sideline of literature and says a childi en\\ book should be judged by the same ijg literary standards as one would juigc! say, Leo Tolstoy, who in fact, w-oui books for children. Indeed, Egoff eclA that since reading is so important and- since children lack the experience to jt dgj a book, it is crucial that their books bj subjected to even closer review anc a< sessment. Susan.Wood adds: "A good child;en'*; book is good for the same reasons as amr book. It illustrates a human problem. TheJ/' only difference is that a children's hooll, places less emphasis on social precon ;ep tions." She has very simple criteria: fo-„ evaluating a book. "Did I, .as a hu;.nars»T being, enjoy reading it?" I* Wood also says that despite the pi olit' "I eration of realistic and contemporary',*■ problem novels, the fastest growing ares'" of interest for North American children j \\ (and their parents) is fantasy writing. No.; * does this mean Peter Panning the kidst 'Jt away to Never-never Land. In England I'.1; Wood says, good children's books aref^. seriously reviewed along with adult books''.< in the Times Literary Supplement. Irli""'3 Britain there is less of a split betweer fantasy and reality, a split denied in North ,,$?. America. "Writers in North America''•*■ worked in the historical romance ana realistic traditions. Also, North America Protestant society denied fantasy since it meant, in effect, telling large lies. So the coin has turned. The adults are reading fantasy; the kids are reading realistic prose. Ursula Le Guin defined ar adult as someone who has come to terms ■*£ with the child in him or herself. Simone de %s Beauvoir in A Woman Destroyed said an ^ adult is a child puffed with age and tha' ^ somewhere beneath the layers of educa- i^ tion and experience is the emotional cli %! mate of childhood. All these changing at- ;5| titudes towards childhood and childier £.j are reflected in the UBC children's collec- 'il tion. £p % \\% "B "Unfortunately," Egoff says, "modern society has lost its clear cut vision of what child is. So we've lost our vision of what ^ff1 children's literature should be. For the first time the child is victim." But after 18 years of working with the UBC children's collection, Sheila Egofl has not lost hope. Who decides if a bookii good or bad? With writers, publishers, reviewers, booksellers, librarians teachers and parents, children seem to be at the bottom ofthe decision-making oio- cess. "Not so," says Professor Egoff, laughing. "If there's one thing I'm sure of, you ■ f can't make a child read a book he or she doesn't want to. They know what he\\ _ like. The child is not at the bottom. Ve| , may sound like bullies, but the child still JT- •' has the last word." f If those are the kind of words we v/an'jj - to hear. □ | ^ Geoff Hancock, BFA'73, MFA'75, "' *' editor of the Canadian Fiction Magazin / as a supplement to the UBC Alumni by Information Service®, University [c., 2075 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C. *1W5. No. 7, Autumn, 197®. Jim Banham, t. What's UBC .doing ahoyt the energy crisis? Quite a bit, as a matter of fact This issye of UBC Reports describes some of the research and ideas of UBC faculty members on the topic. 2\\r >!/i Starting/bn Page 2 is an overview!©f the world energy/crisis by a top UBClscientist. Wood waste's as an energy source have been studied at UBC. y v See Page 5 ignoring principles that would » make^^^biuiidings more energy/^^xefficient And thenjhere's wind power (Page 7), methane as an energy source (Page 13), a new. type of Samp inwented at UBC (Page 13), and electrical power from the sun (Page 10). :\\ /And a UBC commerce experH says_/^*s*K^a,*\\Canada faces profound changes as a result of the energy crisis. See Page 14. i3< .mo t© tike rt Prof. Philip G. Hill joined she r UBC faculty in 1976 aiad became head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering in the Faculty of Applied Science on June 30 of this year. He is the author of Power Generation, a book on the resources, hazards, technology and costs of power generation published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press in _1977. UBC Reports interviewed him recently on the problems and possibilities associated with the world energy crisis. UBC REPORTS: What do we mean when we talk about a world energy crisis and what has caused it? PROF. HILL: The fundamental problem centres on oil and the fact that about 50 per cent of the western world's energy needs are provided by oil. Today's predictions are that by the late 1980s the supply-and- demand situation for oil will be so far out of whack that even a 50 per cent price increase will not be sufficient to bring the two factors into balance. Some people, I think unwisely, remain optimistic about adding un- proven oil deposits to the already proven reserves. UBC REPORTS: Where does Canada fit into the world picture? ' PROF.- HILL: In the last five years there's been a tremendous change in the Canadian supply-and- demand picture. The earlier, optimistic estimates of oil reserves have been replaced by some pretty pessimistic figures. The supply situation isn't too dark over the next ten years, but it's now generally agreed that we'll have a serious oil shortage by the late 1980s or early 1990s. And this is predicated on the maximum use of new sources such' as the. Athabaska tar sands, northern oil and even unproven off-shore oil. On both a world-wide and a Canadian basis, we know we can't go on as we are. There's not much to be optimistic about when the subject is oil and it's going to call for a major readjustment in our thinking and our technology. UBC REPORTS: Are there serious problems involved in switching from one energy source to another? PROF. HILL: Indeed there are. energy cm needed to develop the new techi gy and to ensure that the eartii mains a fit place on which to live, UBC REPORTS: Is there a reason why the western wasn't working on fhese p: 3© years ago? PROF. HILL: As long as Middle East oil was available in quantities, serious innovation discouraged. The petroleum shi age has driven prices up to a po where the development of substiti forms of energy has become live. UBC REPORTS: What are PROF. HILL: There's bo doubt' that heroic measures will 'be needed to develop the new technology to cope with the energy crisis and to ensure that earth remains a fit place on which to live. One of the major problems is time... time to develop the technology that will allow us to make use of some other fuel. The problem is multiplied when you consider that other kinds of fuel, gas .for instance, are also in. short supply. One1 of the biggest problems is the massive capital investment and the need for trained manpower to effect the changeover. And then there's the< problem of minimizing environmental damage, real or imagined. All these factors add to the time, it takes to make the switch. There's no doubt that heroic measures will be aw p most promising long-range all u natives? j i PROF. HILL: Well, there ii h« pretty wide range of alternati lis available to us — coal and the p j& duction of synthetic fuels from tl e source, nuclear energy, and in tllns province, hog fuel and wood Other, more unconvention methods such as wind, geotfiern oe and solar energy, are capable "h< making contributions on a sir, 11 scale in special situations. he I think it's worth pointing out 1 that there really is no shortage energy all around us. The enei that strikes the B.C. coastline in! form of wave power is equivalent perhaps ten times the electricity! need in this province. Wind pen could also solve all our electric problems theoretically. The point is that this energy exi in a dispersed form. And what ma people fail to grasp is the enormo cost of gathering up this disperi energy, not just in capital terms, l also in environmental terms ... tj structures, the roads,., the ii terference with the environment a the general clutter that would rest on the coastlines and in the foral not to mention the human hazard making the vast quantities materials required. That's why nuclear energy must considered as an immediate solutii — its energy is concentrated and t technology to make immediate use it is available. This is not to say that unconve tional power sources won't be usel in special situations. There are sol encouraging things happening in t field of wind-generated power ai solar energy has a substantial" futu as a source of heat in homes. UBC REPORTS: The criticsf nuclear power claim that the 9/f me. It mm* :i © 11 be combinations of ideas .. ..ith it are such that it to be abandoned as a viable ive source o£ energy. )F. HILL: I think you have to : that question from a number erent points of view. : first is to consider the genera - power by well-designed and erated reactors bn the basis of concepts, such as is the case ,e CANDU or American light- ■ reactors. think there are grounds for ranee that the risks are not undu- igh in the case of these reactors. plants that house them have a ' record of safe operation and no iber of the public has been in- d by an accident in them, here's also an increasingly listicated art of examining the lability of hazards and while e are no absolute guarantees nst accidents, it appears that the i are small compared to other ards such as earthquakes and tor- resource, here are other risks associated i nuclear power — the problem safe disposal of spent fuel from ventional reactors, and the radia- hazard associated with the rocessing of wastes to recover tonium, which might become an lortant source of fuel, to the question of plutonium rocessing there's no doubt that minute emissions from rocessing plants could be hazar- s. We're certainly aware that any »s toward large-scale reprocessing ild have to be accompanied by trances that there were adequate miques for minimizing radiation We're.not yet in a position to that the risks are so great that we uldn't try to solve the problem. £uch the same can be said iut the problem of disposal of from nuclear power plants. A of research and development is ded — we're doing some work in field at UBC — and there are no unds for concluding it can't be fed. to return to the point I made lier — you can afford to spend y substantial sums on research i development of this kind, and on urity to ensure that the risk of otage and terrorism is minimized, :ause of the immense value of the ctrical power generated by =lear plants. Jne other thing — the generation by nuclear means depends on a non-renewable uranium. We have adequate supplies to last us with the CANDU concept until well into the next century. Even though 90 per cent of the uranium mined in Canada in the past year or two has been for export, our supplies are definitely not unlimited. However, the problem isn't as acute for Canada as it is for the Europeans, for example, who are pressing on with the development of the breeder reactor because of its ability to magnify the use of limited uranium resources. UBC' REPORTS: Is society investing adequate fends to solve the energy crisis? PROF. HILL: I think there's pretty general agreement that the rate of spending, on research and development is inadequate. On the other hand, you can't just throw money at the problem and expect it to be solved. In addition to money, you need brain power and collaboration. Mechanisms for collaboration have to be set up and lurking in the background is the political problem in the sense that people have to be aware of the seriousness of the problem before they're willing to back substantial expenditures for research. I suspect we'll be mired pretty deeply in the problem before it's realized how much needs to be spent getting out of it. UBC REPORTS:, Assuming substantial sums were available, how would you spend it? PROF. HILL: Well, I wouldn't put all my eggs in one basket. There's no single answer to the energy crisis and solutions will be combinations of many ideas from many different sectors. The problems are both scientific' and technological. If you want to explore the possibilities of fusion as a source of power, there is a decided need for more basic science. At the technological level, many promising alternative forms are in the pilot- testing stage now, but large-scale capital investment will be necessary to determine whether they are viable on a large scale before they will have much impact on the national energy scene. UBC REPORTS: Will energy conservation programs have amy. impact? PROF. HILL: It seems clear that energy demand is going to continue to grow despite all reasonable at tempts to curb it through conservation. Even if energy growth rates in Canada were cut down from 5 per cent a year to 3 per cent, that still implies a doubling of total energy demand over the next 25 years. And zero energy growth just seems out of the question. The areas where energy conservation seem most promising appear to be in. space heating, transportation and industrial processing. But just to consider the problems involved in space heating ... there are tremendous time lags in retrofitting old houses or replacing them with more efficient and better insulated houses. One reason for the time lag is the long payback time, which may be 25 to 30 years for retrofitting an old house to make it more energy efficient. In the final analysis, I really don't think the government envisages a drastic reduction in energy consumption as the result of conservation. UBC REPORTS: Are you optimistic that man will be able to solve his energy problems and live in a world where we can expect to maintain our present standard o£ living and where Third World countries can expect to reach western standards? PROF. HILL: The Third World presents some special problems because of their present, dependence on petroleum, which has become almost impossibly expensive. Unfortunately, substitute fossil fuels are no less expensive. And coal could be terribly hard on the environment. The pressure to opt for nuclear power in. Third World countries has to be very high. But as to the larger question.. .barring a third world war, there seems to be no clear case for concluding that worldwide energy consumption per capita could not be brought up to present-day North American levels, even though this would mean a 20-fold increase in total consumption. Climate factors do not appear to rule it out, nor do there seem to be any inherent limitations in technology in terms of maintaining emission levels tolerable to human health. •! don't mean to imply that there aren't areas of concern, and ignorance. But I see no reason for despair or concluding that we have to go back to an 18th-century economy to survive. UBC Reoons/3 Nuclear power is probably the world's most controversial source of energy because of two nagging questions: • Are there adequate safeguards to prevent the spread of radioactivity in the event of a reactor accident?; and • What are we going to do with the highly radioactive waste produced at nuclear power plants? Research on both these questions is going on in UBC's Faculty of Applied Science, supported by grants from a ■ •number of sources, including the National Research Council and a grant being negotiated with the Atomic Energy Control Board. The leaders of the research team, which includes four graduate students and a research engineer, are Prof. Philip Hill, head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering (see interview on Page 2), and Dr. Ed Hauptmann, an associate professor in the same department. Canada currently has six nuclear reactors. Two of them — Ontario Hydro's Pickering and Bruce stations — provided 27 per cent of Ontario's electrical energy in 1977. By the year 2000 an estimated 80 reactors could be built to supply 25 per cent of Canada's total energy needs. The generation of nuclear power in Canada is based on the homegrown CANDU concept, which produces heat by splitting atoms of uranium in a controlled chain reaction. The resulting steam spins turbines to produce electricity, and the cost is low because only a little of the uranium fuel is used. In recent years Canada has been marketing the CANDU reactor abroad. "Nuclear power is becoming more and more important as a source of energy, both in Canada and abroad," says Prof. Hill. "So it's very important that we solve a number of problems associated with reactor safety and the disposal of wastes. Canada's national and international welfare depends on it.". The heart of a nuclear reactor is a huge vessel called a calandria, which houses the'uranium fuel and a large number of coolant tubes, each of which is pressurized separately. Failure of the coolant could lead to melting of the fuel and its surrounding structure and the dispersion of radioactivity. "CANDU reactors already have a number of built-in safety features and they're built to very rigid specifications and high standards," says Prof. Hill, "so the possibility of failure is remote. The nagging questions of nuclear power Yictar Lee, right* is project engineer and Alan Steeves one of four graduate students involved in' research on the safety of nuclear reactors in UBC's Faculty of Applied Science. "We're working on a numbe^ heat flow and transfer problem,' ' order to understand possible if+^ functions so that better cot,^* mechanisms can be developed ai/-*"* we can arrive at a better underst&'f ing of overall failure possibilities.!' One of the problems being imkil gated by the UBC team deals cooling the fuel core in the event | short, sudden coolant failure Ic to a rise in core temperature, such a case, protective measures! to come into play very quickly," Prof. Hill. "An alternative supply of has to be available on a rush The questions we're concerned ■ are whether it can get there in i to preserve the integrity of the: and what the mechanisms of transfer and flow are." The research team is also at the consequences of a bi one of the pressure tubes that the coolant. "It's conceivable crack in a pressure tube could'. sudden reactor failure, which affect other tubes and cause fail. These are low proba events, but they are conceh We're doing experimental mathematical work on all mechanisms," says Prof. Hill. Spent fuel from nuclear reac now kept in water pools under t nuclear plants, where radioactiv carefully monitored and particles removed by filters mechanisms. "Sometime in the 1980s, the fuel is going to have to be ported away from the plant and ] ed in intermediate or perrm storage," says Prof. Hill. "?—< is currently transported in heavy cannisters that are "lis lead and filled with liquid We're concerned with substit gas for liquid as a cooling the transport flasks, because doesn't transport heat nearly as i as liquids." Prof. Hill believes it will be a time before permanent disposal] spent fuel will be resorted to. energy locked up in the spent the equivalent of many millior barrels of oil and in time there willf tremendous economic incentive reprocess the spent fuel so it c used again safely in nuclear tors." 4/TTnr. r I fill Sj^f f - { ,s\\ gvery day, B.C.'s forest industry erates tons of wood wastes, or hog the forests it takes the form of i, the litter of chips and broken iches that results from the tree- resting process. |t lumber mills and pulp and jer plants it takes the form of bark sawdust. It's estimated that 30 cent of all raw material that phes B.C. lumber and pulp and jer mills ends up as waste. wne pulp and paper mills already " hog fuel to provide steam and Itncal energy for their manufac- Pg processes. And there are in- pmg pressures on the industry to |ome more self-sufficient by iertaking additional hog-fuel pro- > UBC research team has been us- gthe computer to take a long, hard at the economics of using wood wastes as an energy source in B.C.'s pulp and paper industry. A 13 -month study by economics. professor John Helliwell and research associate Alan Cox shows that: • The pulp and paper industry can soften the*lmpact of rising energy prices if it utilizes hog fuel as an energy source; • Use of wood wastes to produce steam and electricity provides the attractive possibility of large reductions in the use of natural gas and fuel oil plus a lowering of the average costs of producing electricity in the future; and • The industry could contribute electrical power to the B.C. Hydro power grid if it installs efficient wood waste-burning equipment and boilers with higher pressure There why the wastes as an enerj « reasons 1 use of wood source is such a good . idea at this time, Prof. Helliwell says. "First, there are large and growing surpluses of wood wastes throughout the industry and, second, the forest industry is faced with increasing logging costs due to provincial regulations requiring the utilization of lower-quality wood. These increasing costs could be recovered through the use of this "close-utilization wood' in energy production." It doesn't take any great leap of imagination to reach the conclusion that conversion of waste into energy, seen in conjunction with the rising costs and prices of oil and gas — the two main sources of energy purchased by the industry — may seem a profitable avenue for investment for the forest industry. B.C.'s 19 largest pulp and paper Continued on Page 6 WOOB WASTES Continued from Page 5. mills use 42 per cent of the natural gas and 85 per cent of the heavy fuel oil consumed by industry and purchase about 16 per cent of the electricity purchased by all B.C. customers from B.C. Hydro. Thus, greater utilization of hog fuel means substantial reductions in the use of gas and oil, plus a lowering of electricity costs. It's not surprising that many mills are now planning or undertaking new or expanded hog- fuel projects. But wait...wait...wait. The researchers warn governments anxious to pour money into such projects to speed up conversion to hog fuel that there are some difficulties that have to be faced. Difficulty No. 1: Some natural gas distribution companies rely heavily oh their forest industry customers, and conversion by pulp and paper mills to hog fuel would impose large financial losses on the companies and higher rates on its other customers. This is because pipelines have certain fixed costs that have to be shared by everyone on the line. Take the pulp mills out of the system and everyone pays more. Another complication, says Prof. Helliwell, is that B.C. has an excess supply of natural gas and there may be an inclination to encourage low- priced, and therefore wasteful, uses in B.C. rather than increasing exports or simply putting a cap on the wells. Difficulty No. 2: Suppliers of power to industry don't like to buy electricity from their customers for a variety of psychological and institutional reasons. "In addition," says Prof. Helliwell, "B.C. Hydro has, like many other North American utilities, been over-building in recent years and finds it has more and more excess generating capacity. Support needed "So Hydro is not very receptive to the idea of purchasing power from the forest industry and is inclined to maintain rate structures that discourage the forest companies from generating their own power." Only if Hydro can count on major, high-value exports of energy during this period of excess supply is there hope of consistency ■ in Hydro's increased generating capacity and additional hog fuel projects. "It's clear," says Prof. Helliwell, "that effective and efficient progress .towards the fuller use of wood wastes for electrical generation requires the S/UBC Reports ungrudging support of B.C. Hydro Itself." Let's look for a moment at that section of the research study that deals with the overall economic consequences of using wood wastes as an energy source. Item: It would cost the pulp and paper industry $124 million in 1978 dollars to convert all remaining oil- using mills to hog fuel burners to produce process heat. Cut Consumption This would cut B.C. oil consumption by 11,000 barrels a day and annual oil imports by $55 million at a landed price of $15 a barrel. Item: Adding or increasing the scale of hog-fuel burners at all 9 of the gas-burning mills would involve capital costs of about $125 million at 1978 prices. This would reduce gas consumption'by about 56 million cubic feet a day. The export value of this gas, at today's prices, is about $60 million a year. Item: The conversion of all boilers at oil-burning .mills to higher- pressure boilers and installation of back-pressure turbines would add about 215 megawatts of capacity to the B.C. power system. Doing the same thing at gas-burning mills would add 233 megawatts to the B.C. system. Thus, the total additional capacity would be about 448 "megawatts, about 10.5 per cent of B.C. Hydro's peak, one-hour demand of 4,258 megawatts in the 1976-77 fiscal year. The annual energy output from both gas- and oil-burning mills — about 3,381 million kilowatts — is 40 per cent of Hydro's 1976-77 industrial sales and almost 14 per cent of Hydro's total sales in B.C. in the same year. The hog fuel projects, Prof. Helliwell adds, generally Involve more direct employment and much less capital than comparable hydroelectric projects, and probably use less labor and capital than large, coal-fired thermal projects such as that proposed at Hat Creek near' Kamloops. The study then, carried out with the co-operation of B.C.'s 19 major pulp and paper mills, which supplied data for the computerized project, shows there is a very large potential for the economic use of wood wastes to replace fossil fuels and to generate electricity in the industry. "The firms undertaking the projects," says Prof. Helliwell, "will not see themselves applying the concepts of the conserves society but as mak ing investments to cut costs and !""*" get rid of wastes. "That is as it should be," he aj' • "for such projects are the most seq <; foundation for a conserver society,.' i The Helliwell-Cox study is onetC/.W*0 series of on-going computer projelfi.'-civl being undertaken by Prof. Hellivn ?»lfustl who is part of a 10-member groi '^ ' '' natural-resource economists wc under an $806,000 grant from Canada Council. Regarded as a pioneer in development of economic comr modelling, Prof. Helliwell was < this year awarded the $1,000 Jacob Biely Research Prize by for distinguished research carried«| over the past three years. He says the advent of powerful computing systems overtj past decade have enabled mc experts to co-ordinate and large bodies of data and pr better factual basis for de making than in the past. "There's always the possibility," says, "that results from comj models will be treated as unques ed truths. I've been arguing there has to be better exposure of ti underlying principles, facts and i so it's clear to people who makei decisions as well as the public. "On the other hand, I'm justj concerned that some people arei clined to reject the results because they come from comj: models." Compress results Computer modelling is already] major factor in decision-making, says, and its power to infli policy will become greater in future. "The danger is that there be an explosion of information quantitative sort that will deaden t sensitivity of those who are to act on the basis of such tion." He says the next step for: experts is to improve their ability I compress results to make data models more comprehensible, standable, testable and useful. Prof. Helliwell takes is however, with those who claim *as ] computer is some sort of p< that will solve all society's proble "There's a danger that it will as many problems as it will, such as giving rise to confusion ambiguities where none need exi "On the simplest level, anyone i has trouble trying to sort mistakes and confusions conne with computerized billings will familiar with this aspect of the prt^ Hem." it fmd as a source of energy is as old civilization. But with advancing Cstrialization, it fell from favor. Iy in recent years with the rise in ILy costs has interest in wind irgy grown. the windmills of Holland are irist attractions that turn no- more. „ the windmills of our memories longer spin on homestead farms. Canada is in the forefront of wind- |l research, especially as it applies a new type of windmill. Jhe windmill on old farms had a fizontal shaft or axis. In the Nasal Research Council laboratories Jttawa, a wind turbine has been |eloped with a vertical axis. The blades are attached to each 1 of the shaft and curve out, much blades on an egg beater. The IC researcher who developed the windmill graduated in mechani- J engineering from UBC. Ilt's a simple and light windmill ft avoids many of the problems of old windmill design," said Dr. S. Gartshore of UBC's Depart- pit of Mechanical Engineering. fit will turn regardless of the lection of the wind, whereas the rizorital-axis machine must be led into the wind by a weather fck. J'And the heavy generator can be Ithe bottom of the vertical shaft in- iad of up in the air at the top of the jver as is the case with the old type | windmill. This means that the ver doesn't have to be as heavy and iesses in the structure are much t. Gartshore said vertical axis idmills are sold in Canada. Larger •sions of the windmill are more ef- jient than smaller models. |"The blade shapes now used for big windmill may not be ap- •priate in smaller versions.' The .pe could be changed for peak efflawy in the small ones. This is a search project we would like to fdertake." [Dr. Gartshore has a small model of new Canadian windmill which is d for teaching undergraduate dents in UBC's Faculty of Applied lence. He can't be sure that the id will be blowing when demon- 'ations are scheduled. So the model ^mounted in one of UBC's many ?find tunnels which can simulate i|tiirai conditions. m"I think the Canadian model has a ffod future, especially for remote «||es where you have to carry wind- Mils in. They're relatively easy to put up. There's one working, 1 understand, floating around on pack ice in the Arctic, sending back weather data using power that it generates Itself. "On the coast here, we have some of the windiest spots in Canada. Many of these places — the Queen Charlotte Islands, the west coast of Vancouver island — are isolated. It's difficult to get diesel fuel to them." Dr. Gartshore emphasized that wind energy isn't as efficient as many other sources, if other sources are available. But in many remote areas, windmills are a natural and sometimes only choice A. '•"'is^M^liL Another possible application is to make up for the loss of energy from transmission lines from hydroelectric plants. Energy is lost from the lines during transmission. The longer the lines, the greater the loss. "The lines go through very high country where wind velocities are high. And the country is usually very rough. It's possible to make up some of the energy loss by having wind- energy stations all along the route. N £ 'W'4*: 2 ;/;«'/<{" ^. w * '#/ , 4', > ; ; Dr. Ian C wind turn ' ', /" '" a.'"'-. ,. 4 \\f - v \\ - .- "">> ,"**. ''-; / fr / / - ',, / 1,/ '' / •/?. #*.<*$.7'* ... r. y* irtshore is jl which create; ian windmill « UBC gradual ost as ta ;s winds t as the fan of gias ds that demonstrate worl m "~iV- Things will get worse before they get better Only when the so-called "energy crisis" of the 1970s becomes even more critical will society begin to make use of known scientific and technical principles to make buildings more energy efficient. This is the view of Prof. Paul Wisnicki, of UBC's School of Architecture, who says the economics of a wasteful, neo-capitalistic society is the chief barrier to the implementation of design methods for conserving energy :' i buildings. AnJ i ciety shouldn't go around blaming architects for the inefficient use of energy, he says, because they only reflect the real or implied values of the society they live in. Prof. Wisnicki and model of ideal energy-saving building. Ever since primitive man crjbfjei into a cave to shelter from the '*"' the rain and the heat, he's cerned with what Prof. Wisni "modification of the teraction" with his en which he means that bull simply devices for modifying terior environment to com' climate. "Once man's initial need to and be comfortable in bull satisfied, it was followed by m tions of a stylistic nature that the spirit and mood of society, says. "The finest expression Middle Ages, for instance, Gothic cathedral, which great deal, including c pride, strongly held religious and the fact that the church ed much of the material reso medieval society."- When real capitalism the scene at the time of the hi revolution, there was an in use capital efficiently in o; create more goods and services. I "Today," says Prof. Wisnicki, are in what' I call a neo-ca' ' situation. We have an excess and services...we waste energy ducing goods and services don't really need or want., have to wear out quickly to be ed. The problem is that if v truly an energy-conserving would have a far greater ment problem and associated problems would be infinitely than they are at present —■ change radically our sense of No Incentives As long as society had a p supply of cheap energy there incentives to pay attention, to scientific principles that would buildings more energy effi says. "This attitude has the so-called 'international' architecture," says Prof. Wisni' style that can be seen in northern cities, even though are obviously radical diff climate in both situations." The finest flowering of the he says, is a slender glass box, 8/UBC Reports sy.i.^ xu regarded with pride in a aunity, just as the Gothic ■ dial was in the middle ages. «since most of these structures Occupied or built by banks and ! corporations, they reflect the hat these institutions control of the material resources of aporary society, just as the did in medieval times. lermal inertia fact is that glass-faced are incredibly inefficient in of energy use, says Prof. u, because they heat up and quickly without the benefit icing the daily and seasonal lux by the building's " thermal ial inertia simply means that >ric Of the building has the to absorb and retain heat and .. it slowly when needed. glass-faced buildings lack- i, their interiors have to be by large numbers of jr-using devices. >ther of the "energetic s" ignored by contem- architecture is the orientation to take advantage of the amounts of solar energy the earth from all direc- the shape of buildings to this [of neglect. "Tall buildings are inefficient in terms of consumption," says Prof. "because the amount of with the exterior environ- proportion to the volume is remedy — build more cube- i, squat buildings, which use * far more efficiently. neglected area centres on _ als used in buildings, says I Wisnicki. Our forbears, he 1 heavy, natural materials in ion — masonry, for in- which is basically rock. Con- [basically sand and gravel, is "' anporary replacement of brick and can be used for energy-saving objectives, ' its structural aspects. _ constructed with heavy s have a high thermal inertia and are therefore not subject to wild temperature fluctuations and the need for interior modifying devices that gobble up energy is reduced. Light insulating materials, often synthetic, serve a useful purpose by preventing heat flow, but offer no thermal storage. And the fabric of the energy-efficient building needs both qualities. The differences of various climates are not often adequately considered in planning buildings, says Prof. Wisnicki. "In eastern Canada or on the Prairies, there is a need for materials with high thermal inertia because of wide daily temperature changes. Here on the West Coast the architect has a wider range of materials to .consider because our climate is moderate and temperatures fluctuate within a narrower range." Poor building design can also create a demand for large amounts of energy in order to keep interiors liveable in summer. "Air conditioning is nonsense in a properly designed building in Vancouver," says Prof. Wisnicki. "But very often poor design in terms of size, shape and orientation, improper placement of windows and a lack of cross ventilation actually creates a need for it." The sophisticated machinery that. moderates building interiors has, until very recently, been rather poor in terms of conserving energy. "Here the question of cost-benefit ratio comes into play," says Prof. Wisnicki. "The question that bedevils those faced with conversion centres on how quickly the cost of conversion will pay for itself through savings in energy." Tools exist The point Prof. Wisnicki emphasizes is that all the scientific and technical tools to make buildings more energy efficient already exist. "They are the basic and well known principles of thermodynamics and heat exchange and the industry's ability to produce the necessary tools. We need to arrange these principles in a form that will serve as a recipe for building design and the engineering of heating and cooling systems." Old habits die hard, however. "The principles involved in the international style of architecture are deeply ingrained," he says, "and I'm inclined to think some real crisis, far more urgent than the one we have today, 'will have to come before we are prepared to do some hard thinking about this problem. "In a well-intentioned, justified, but perhaps somewhat naive way, President Carter has been trying to move people in this direction in the United States. But there are powerful lobbies in Washington with vested interests in high energy consumption and so far Congress has frustrated his efforts." And what is the ideal building shape from the energy-saving point of view? Fullers dome "The sphere, or Buckminster Fuller's geodesic dome, which is a half sphere," says Prof. Wisnicki. But, he adds, no one would build a spherical house, because not all the space inside such a structure is usable and there are circulation and planning difficulties. "People will say it is nonsense to build a spherical house, and they may be right. But very often, progress starts with apparent oversimplifications, almost symbolic things. Fuller's geodesic dome hasn't caught on as a building form, but it has a powerful hold on the human imagination. "One has to start from a premise and move on to the complex Interactions of differing objectives and constraints until a solution is arrived at that reflects all these factors. It is Fuller's way of thinking that has made him such a powerful influence. His basic idea has set people's imaginations to work. A solution may yet emerge from the oversimplification of the geodesic dome." The best hope for. the future may lie in the students in schools of architecture and engineering, Prof. Wisnicki believes. "If you want to change attitudes, you have to instil a sense of mission into students, who are very receptive to idealism. We have plenty of knowledge. The crisis is whether we choose to use it." UBC Reports/9 Dr. David Pulfrey holds diode, heart of electricity- producing solar cells, made in his laboratory In UBC's Department of Electrical Engineering, s '''' '* Sunlight. In just 15 minutes enough of It reaches the earth's surface to satisfy our total energy consumption from all power sources for an entire year. But there are many problems involved in harnessing this ever-lasting, non-polluting power source and converting it Into electricity. One solution to that problem — the photovoltaic or solar cell — is already in existence and will become an Increasingly important component ie the total spectrum of methods of producing energy ie the future. f, *, r- • -,, *•* , •■ ; v ; , ;i '- ,t '„ £ s' ,f' •; l : ? <■<■>>' \\7 3„"t.. - » * i' t!, -■; ' s-C'.'' ' "" / The solar cell was originally developed in the early 1950s to provide power for U.S. and Russian spacecraft. Almost all the satellites circling the earth today are powered by such cells. UBC's expert on fhe subject is Dr. David Pulfrey of the Department of Electrical Engineering, who says that continuous, intensive research efforts in universities and industry have resulted in significant reductions in the cost of manufacturing solar cells. Today, they're in widespread commercial use as a provider of power for navigational aids and communica tions ana tei.'Visvr. jyzt^'r Pulfrey says the largest sy&-.: rently in use provides 25 kili-' run an irrigation system a fans tHat dry crops on an ag- station in Nebraska. The heart of the solar : semiconductor, or diode, created when a very pure . usually silicon, has impu troduced into it during temperature manufacturing The Introduction of impu:"; the silicon greatly increase? ductive properties of the . diode. i, »*' fUSC Hearts .,_ . . _,_'. " ir,... 'When light strikes the surface of ft* diode," Dr. Pulfrey explains, Electrons in the diode are energized. to a diode is rather like a valve in a mier line — it permits water to flow ,i4ne direction but not in another. " "'-The diode material allows the Seized electrons to move out of k^ diode to an external wire con- 'ed to the solar cell. And when ns travel through a wire, you electricity." wever, not ail the light can be ■cited into electricity. The deal maximum efficiency of rsion — the maximum ratio of :ricity out to solar energy in — is ter cent, simply because there is mown material that can absorb cient solar energy to create more that percentage of electricity. o a major emphasis in research," Dr. Pulfrey, "has been a search better semiconductors that ap- tch the 25 per cent maximum. on diodes with an efficiency of 19 cent have been made and a 23 cent conversion efficiency has i achieved using a more exotic, therefore more expensive, iconductor called gallium nide." 1973, Dr. Pulfrey and a ip of graduate students, sup- ed by grants from the National ;arch Council, have been involv- n the development of a cheaper simpler method of manufactur- diodes. )iodes are now manufactured by 'batch process,' in which a whole f thin, individual slices of silicon, ther host material, are placed in tseous environment in a high- perature furnace. The impurities r the host material by diffusion. )ur concept for diode production continuous one, In which a layer is simply deposited directly a slice of silicon. We've made by this method at UBC and we from subsequent testing that can be just about as efficient as made by the diffusion process, the potential is there for a high ugh-put, automatic, diode- ■ucing facility. Our diodes have made with very pure materials, next step is to apply this techno! - to semiconductor materials that less pure and therefore less s*iy." f\\nd cost is the key factor in mak- tV solar cells a viable part of a total l*rgy program. "The first cells produced for the space program created electricity at a very high cost — $60 to $100 per watt," says Dr. Pulfrey. "Today, there are cells available that provide power at $6 per watt, which means they're a factor of at least ten cheaper than they were 25 years ago. The U.S. has set a target of 50 cents a watt by 1986." The Americans, he says, have decided that solar cells are important and will be part of their total "power- generation mix." Their target, by the year 2000, is to have solar cells producing 3 per cent of all U.S. power requirements. "That doesn't sound like much," says Dr. Pulfrey, "but it is equivalent in 1978 terms to the total amount of power generated by nuclear power stations in that country." Dr. Pulfrey can cite a set of conditions under which solar cells are even now cost effective. "They're useful when small amounts of electricity up to 10 kilowatts are required in remote areas where a conventional electrical grid can't be brought in, and where an auxiliary power source, say a diesel enegine, would have to be transported in. They're also effective In areas where low maintenance costs are a condition in their installation." He says solar cells may have a significant future In. providing energy in Canada's far north during those months of the year when the sun shines, almost 24 hours a day. Solar cells would provide cheap energy and decrease the reliance on fossil fuels for power generation. He also believes that solar cells have a future in urban settings. "In a city like Phoenix, in Arizona, a roof top array of cells could probably provide 90 per cent of the power required to operate a normal household because that city gets a great deal of intensive sunlight. "Even in Vancouver, sunlight would provide about 30 to 40 per cent of the power needed by a normal home." And that, in turn, raises other problems. Vancouverites, he says, would naturally want B.C. Hydro to maintain its supply system to back up the solar cell component. "But in doing that, Hydro's costs would not decline — it would still have to maintain and service the generating and supply facilities to ensure a round-the-clock supply of electricity. "The upshot might be an increased cost for the slice of electricity supplied by Hydro. So the monetary savings that accrue to the householder might not be commensurate with savings in energy use." A more reasonable approach, he says, would be a large installation of solar cells capable of supplying a percentage of the needs of an entire community, with the public utility involved in maintaining and connecting up the system to the user. "The trade-off for the utility would be the availability of larger amounts of electricity for industry and monetary savings through the decreased use of conventional fuels and investment in new and expensive capital equipment." Many of the questions and problems that bedevil the economic use of solar cells in a total energy program will be answered as the result of a $65 million research program initiated in the U.S. in 1977. The American program is very broadly based, Dr. Pulfrey says, encompassing everything from the fundamentals of solar cells through the economic implications to such things as the attitudes of people in a community to the implications of installing solar cells on roof-tops. ("How would you react If your neighbour told you to cut down your tall shade trees so that the sun could fall on his roof-top solar cells for a longer period of time?") And finally, Dr. Pulfrey is hopeful that more money will be available at UBC for research under a recently announced solar-energy program sponsored by the Canadian government. UBC Reports/11 K.(£§C£Sl.]rcl3i team seeks mine waste Development of B.C.'s vast coal deposits will mean a shift in the economic profile of Canada and new opportunities in the province. Profs. Ian Warren and A.CD. Chaklader are interested in encouraging spin-offs from coal extraction through the use of mine waste, washery rejects and coal refuse. Under a research contract with B.C. Hydro, they have been studying the large amount of clay mixed with the coal at the Hat Creek deposits between Lillooet and Ashcroft in B.C.'s. Interior. "About 35 per cent of the deposit is made up of inorganic material — mostly clay. If B.C. Hydro put In a 2,000 megawatt generator, it would burn about 40,000 tons of coal a day," said Prof. Chaklader. "Created in the process would be about 10,000 to 12,000 tons of clay." The two professors in UBC's Department of Metallurgy have measured the extent of clay deposits. More than 200 drill holes were used to establish how many ' organic minerals, including clay, there are, at what depths, and the chemical properties of each layer. The researchers are now testing the clay to find out if it is suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. They say the clay can be used for making specialized bricks and cement and in the paper industry as a filler. Other possible uses are in the wine and beer industry and in the petroleum and paint industries. "The possibilities are great. A component of the clay is aluminum oxide. It could be used to produce aluminum. It is also a critical component in making bricks," Prof. Chaklader said. "Refractory clays which combine higher concentrations of alumina also make the clay suitable for producing specialty bricks that can withstand extremely high temperatures." Clayburn Industries Ltd., a Canadian-owned and operated manufacturer of structural clay products and refractory materials, is interested in the clay associated with I2/UBC Reports iwBiirsEBjrasr 1 Prof. A.C.D. Chaklader and bricks made in his UBC laboratory from clay taken from site of coal deposits at Hat Creek in B.C.'s Interior. the Hat Creek deposits. Clayburn presently supplies product to western Canada and ships regularly to the northwest region of the U.S.A. and off-shore to the Pacific Rim countries, servicing such industries as cement, lime, aluminum, petroleum and smelting. Clayburn imports certain raw materials for its product line and some of these same raw materials may be available at Hat Creek. Clayburn is a successful company using research and high-level technology to advance its position in industry and it is investigating the available clays at Hat Creek with a view to possible utilization in the manufacture of refractory brick and aggregate. Prof. Chaklader said another related use of the Hat Creek clays may be in producing high- temperature cement. Conventional Portland cement is not suitable for use at high temperatures. High- ternperature cement could be rnade at Hat Creek using the clay enriched with alumina and local deposits of limestone as raw materials and coal as the energy source. The Hat Creek clay is f because of the presence of car} Profs. Chaklader and Warren trying to remove the carbon chemical and other treatments testing the clay to see if import characteristics are still present. ' "We want to whiten or bleach clay to expand its use. For exam' all paper contains clay. High-qu;' paper contains more clay than lc: grades. The B.C. paper industry , ports every ounce of clay it usej, paper and pulp industries. "Bleached clay is also heavily i '. to make paint and varnish and sc' ..- types of rubber," Prof. ChakiY, said. ' \\ Other possibilities they are,.--' vestigating include use of the claif ■ ; a catalyst in refining petroleum J, as a bleach in the beer and wine'industry. \\ The two researchers are also tn'' t- . to produce synthetic coke ; '« smelting iron out of B.C. coal. ty.;:\\- B.C. coals are not suitable for blefj. ing to produce coke of commeifr.,! quality, so they are looking intop;, improvement of the blending err- acteristics of B.C. and western Cafc ' dian coals. And the cost of trail *;, porting by rail western coal sub \\ for the smelters of eastern Canadf f. too high. Canadian smelters impLv all their coking coal from the U5 and elsewhere. fin The UBC researchers have delta:' mined that it would be economic;;-' ship by rail to eastern smelter^, i highly concentrated form of i>y" called char or semi-coke, whj&v would have some of its non-cart^-. content removed. 'fih They want to know whether rp- char can be mixed with import- coking coal for use in smelters, j '■[ "We would not be able to use!/; > the available clay and ash produc;"* as a by-product of mining, wash'?- and burning coal for energy prodi"^1 tion. Nor would we be able [■'-' eliminate completely Canada- dependence on foreign coking dr™ for our smelters. -'- "But we can increase the utili:*^ tion of *our resources. It means rnc!>} jobs, more manufacturing, more. r tivity in yet other sectors. For exa'v pie, if we replaced only 10 per cent'., the 10 million tons of coal we impi,, for smelting each year, we wot; keep $50 million in Canada,'' s»',' Prof. Chaklader. "If the synthetic coke were madef" Western Canada, it would have- . fects in transportation and extfi_ tion, a plant would have to be bu' and there would be by-products the charring processes, mate.i| such as naphtha, benzene, aspii and others." . . ■few typ© ©I Mgiwmtccmimtty JlsiTuoip Jafcs up TSwimdeAiffd Stsidiwom '& *fBC's Thunderbird Stadium was it lit up for several nights this sum- thanks to a new type of highly lamp that had its beginn- in 1973 in a UBC physics ratory. lamp was installed at the b for demonstration and by Vortek Industries, a Van- ■ company that will begin com- ial production of the energy- t lamp in the spring of 1979. Albach, president of Vortek ies and a UBC graduate who the degrees of Master of . and Doctor of Philosophy in 5, says the new lamp is efficient sense that it is able to concen- light where it's needed in rbird Stadium — on the surface. I lot of the light produced by ar- of conventional lamps doesn't its target. Some of it escapes responsible for the light dome a be seen at night above a real pay-off with the Vortek says Dr. Albach, "comes in of capital costs." Installation maintenance costs are lower those for conventional stadium- 'ng facilities, and annual and 'parts-replacement are also lower. . Albach said four Vortek lamps ' replace the 432 lights now used te Empire Stadium in and 16 of them could the 1,033 lamps in Mont- Olympic Stadium. He says at three and possibly four Vortek will be necessary to provide te lighting for night events at bird Stadium, which has no at present. Vortek lamp is an off-shoot of research in the field of plasma Plasma, In this case, has to do with the blood, but to a state of matter that results a material is subjected to very temperatures. (The sun, for in- is a plasma.) 1973, UBC plasma physicists Prof. Roy Nod well, who is now ^ of UBC's physics department, ^.studying the effect of passing a B/rflnt of electricity through a ftigparent tube containing plasma. '"'« research team found that :} °f the energy in the plasma was lost through radiation in the forrn of light. They decided to use their experience in trying to reduce radiation to accomplish the reverse — increase it and produce a plasma lamp. The heart of the lamp is a quartz tube 10 centimeters long containing argon, an inert gas, under enormous pressure. The gas is swirled in a spiral along the tube to create a central area of low pressure, through which an electric current is passed to produce extremely high temperatures." The researchers then developed a novel method of cooling the lamp by swirling water along the inside of the quartz tube. The system, In addition to the lamp, includes a heat exchanger to cool the water that swirls along the tube's interior, gas and water circulation pumps and electrical controls. The lamp has application possibilities at open pit mines, logging operations, construction sites, search-and-rescue operations, oil- spill cleanups and as an artificial sun for testing solar collection panels and other devices. The National Research Council made grants to UBC for the original basic research and for development of the lamp. Vortek Industries got $200,000 from the NRC's Industrial Research Assistance Program for further development and production money came from the federal Business Development Bank. Patents on the Samp are held on behalf of UBC by the federal Canadian Patents and Development Ltd., a crown corporation. CPDL has given Vortek Industries an exclusive licence to produce and market the lamp. Royalties from the sale of the lamp are shared between UBC, CPDL and the lamps inventors, Prof. Nodwell and Dr. David Camm, who received his doctorate in plasma physics from UBC and is now vice-president and research director for Vortek Industries. Researchers seek ways to boost methane production Prof. Ken Pinder isn't looking for new sources of energy. He's trying to produce energy from sources already at hand. He says Canadians are energy affluent. We throw away energy in tremendous quantities. Dr. Pinder and Dr. Richard Branion of UBC's Department of Chemical Engineering are working on the anaerobic (absence of oxygen) fermentation of organic waste to produce methane and carbon dioxide — a valuable gas fuel. The waste can be human, animal or vegetative, such as leaves or straw. The fermentation process takes place in two steps, using two types of bacteria that can only live in the absence of oxygen. In- the first step, waste is attacked by bacteria that convert it to acid. Then a second group of bacteria that thrive on acid produce the methane and carbon dioxide which can be stored easily and used to heat homes and other buildings. Many farms in Europe use the pro cess to provide their own energy. Some of them grow a green crop for use as organic material to supplement other sources. "One of the major problems is that the process is slow. We're trying to speed up conversion of waste to acid and acid to methane and carbon dioxide. "At the moment, the process is generally carried out in one big tank where the two steps take place. We suspect," Dr. Pinder said, "that the two types of bacteria impede each other. "Obviously, the two steps have to be in some sort of balance. Each bacteria has specific needs in order to survive. If the mixture becomes too acidic, for example, the bacteria that live off the organic wastes in order to produce the acid will die. "The process isn't new. It's been around for a long time. But little is known about how it works." Please turn to Page 14 See METHANE METHANE Continued From Page IS Dr. Pinder is trying to determine how the two steps can be separated, so that conversion to methane and carbon dioxide fuel can be speeded up. Faster conversion will mean smaller processing plants will be needed to handle the same amount of waste. Dr. Pinder has had a long-term interest in reducing waste from pulp and paper operations. "Every pulp and paper mill could sell electricity. Some do. There's one in Canada; some in Sweden. "When I went through engineering — I graduated in '51 — we were taught to try to balance energy streams so that plants could operate on as little additional energy as possible. "Soon after that," Dr. Pinder said, "energy became cheap and plants were built without fine engineering. We have to go back to the time when we tried to recover every bit of energy and material from a production process." He is working on a problem involved in a process which would eliminate much of the dependence of kraft pulp mills on sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate. Sulphuric acid is used in large quantities to produce the chlorine dioxide bleach used to whiten kraft pulp. Sodium sulphate and sulphuric acid are by-products of this process. Before pollution became a social concern, most mills' discharged the chemical by-products into rivers or the ocean. Today they are burnt in mill furnaces. By adding methanol, an alcohol, to the chemical by-products, it's possible to separate and recover them; the sulphuric acid is recycled to the bleach plant and the sodium sulphate (salt cake) is used as sulphur make-up In the pulping process. "The major problem, though, is handling the sulphuric acid in the recovery process." Its concentration is between 35 and 70 per cent and it's boiling. Under those conditions it is tremendously corrosive. We have to find something to hold it that won't be corroded away." Dr. Pinder said a promising material is an exotic metal now available because of recent work in the U.S. space program. "If we solve the corrosion problem there is a good chance we can recycle the chemicals, save money and reduce pollution. "When you throw something away, you lose money. In the same way, an energy-reducing device saves money. Minimizing waste is the essence of good engineering." 14/UBC Reports Iff ummgy amm win Profound social, economic and political changes are in the offing for Canada as a result of the energy crisis, according to an associate professor in UBC's Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration. Dr. Herbert Drechsler, who combines expertise in the fields of organization policy, mining engineering and international business, says the energy crisis is rnore than oil prices, uranium supply or increased electrical power through development of water resources. "The energy crisis," he says, "is all the things that affect our daily lives — the cost of living, where and how we live, how we raise our children, the inevitable political changes that are on the horizon for Canada." Major changes Dr. Drechsler sees major changes occuring in the structure of Canadian industry over the next 20 years involving major shifts of population to provide the labor force for manufacturing industries that will move their plants or construct new ones to take advantage of less costly forms of energy. "A lot of North America's industrial capacity was located where it' now is to take advantage of low-cost and plentiful oil supplies," he says. "The rising price of oil is causing industry to give serious consideration to moving existing plants or constructing new ones in areas where there are alternative energy resources or guaranteed supplies of oil." What, will this mean for Western Canada? "B.C. and Alberta have several things going for them," says Dr. Drechsler, "including large reserves of coal, gas and oil. I can see growing centres ■of population in eastern B.C. as Industry moves there to take advantage of coal deposits that will provide cheap energy. • "In the long run, some areas that up to now have been economically depressed should be able to look forward to a brighter future, thanks to the energy crisis." Alberta is Canada's fastest growing province In more ways than one as a result of the energy crisis, says Dr. Drechsler. "In terms of internal business, a lot of firms that are sidering locating in Canada ing to Alberta, where there's a tiful supply of young and educated people for the work and where money is available * ,,e 1 •**?, / 7- ; >n j .y nmg iril j im dcp^eg^OT six . Is becoming a major centre for le. So in terms of developing a constitution for Canada, Alber- Premier Peter Lougheed may more votes than other premiers. jheed, as a result of the energy , has a great deal of political r because he has money from iale of oil. He's also got to keep aimers of the province happy, so ot mere chance that caused him isit Prince Rupert this year to at the possibility of funding an nsion of port facilities there for sxport of Alberta grain." lie other Drechsler observation ie Alberta scene: that province be the next centre of academic Hence in Canada. "The income oil could result in the Univer- of Calgary and Alberta becom- major educational institutions," he energy problem in Canada is sxtremely complex one, largely of our unique constitutional ngements, Dr. Drechsler says. British North America Act the provinces control of their sral resources and the result has the creation of ten separate rtries when it comes to the move- of energy and minerals between ," he says, concern in B.C. is that oil will go somewhere else 't be available here. B.C., on hand, has large reserves of gas, but our regional orienta- ,.}has always had a north-south ax- !»hereas Alberta tends to have an east-west orientation. In the end, it may be cheaper for us to ship our gas south to the U.S. where we would trade it for oil rather than get oil from Alberta." All these interesting problems require more research, Dr. Drechsler believes. And because of Canada's regionalism, he believes that research money should be funnelled into research designed to solve B.C.'s problems. He also believes that energy research in the field of commerce and business administration should address itself to the question of B.C. energy needs over the next 25 years. "I can't 'guess' any farther into the future than a quarter of a century," he says, "chiefly because of the pace of technological change. Twenty-five years ago, computers had only just been invented and the technological innovations of recent years weren't even conceived of at the end of the Second World War. "The things that basic scientists do —- for instance, the development of fusion power — are more than 25 years in the future. And I can only develop my theories after they've invented a new process. It's simply a different time frame, somewhere between basic and applied science." Research listed Three members of the Faculty of Commerce and Business Administration at UBC are actively involved in research related to the energy crisis. Prof. William Ziemba is modelling energy systems through the use of the computer. Dr. Drechsler, with colleague Dr, Peter Nemetz, has begun research on interfuel substitution. (Dr. Nemetz is also Involved in research on energy conservation.) "I'm one of the group of people that believes that when energy is demanded, it will be-provided In one form or another," says Dr. Drechsler. "If automobiles can't run on oil and gas, then they'll eventually be powered by new types of storage batteries or by alcohol derived from wood, or something else." One of Canada's major energy problems revolves around energy to heat the family home. "There are an incredible number of options and variables, even in as straightforward a thing as heating a house," Dr. Drechsler says. "You can obtain that energy from electricity that may be provided by hydro power or steam generated by nuclear power or coal or gas. Or the heat can be obtained directly by burning gas, oil or coal. There are a large number of Interrelationships between all these energy sources, their availability, and the longevity of the systems that produce energy and use it. The object is to heat the house and the bask question is the best way of juggling all the variables so the job gets done in the most efficient way at the lowest cost for the longest period of time." Einstein cited In the final, analysis, however, Dr. Drechsler believes that western society is still at the stage where we don't know what the real problems stemming from the energy crisis are. "It was only five years ago that the price of oil began to escalate and create a crisis," he points out. "Research is vitally important now, not so much to solve problems as to determine what questions we ought to be asking. "I like to go back to what Albert Einstein said years ago about creativity in science. I keep it right there as a reminder," he says, pointing to a handwritten sheet of paper scotch-taped to his office wall. The Albert Einstein quote reads: "The formulation of a problem is much more essential than a solution, which may be merely a matter of mathematical or experimental skill. To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science." The energy crisis means a changed world with many new problems, says Dr. Drechsler. "Only when creative imagination comes into play and defines what the real and basic problems are will we begin to find solutions." YTBC P' ./IK UBC has embarked on a major program to save fuel and power. The program, based on the report of a special committee on energy conservation, is designed to reduce, significantly UBC's annual energy bill of $2 million. The committee has reported that by 1982 savings of up to 25 per cent of current energy costs could be realized if a sophisticated conservation program is introduced. UBC has taken the following steps in the past year as part of the program. • Architects of new buildings have been instructed to give special attention to incorporating energy-conservation measures into the structures. A system that economically distributes heat and stores it from daytime operation for future use has been installed in the new Library Processing Centre on campus. A similar system was installed as part of a renovation program in the Computer Sciences Building in 1976. • Lighting levels in classrooms and corridors in the Education Building and the Buchanan Tower are being adjusted in consultation with building users. • Energy-conserving high-Intensity lights has been substituted for incandescent lighting in some outdoor areas of the campus. • Classroom and office temperatures have been adjusted to fall within the 65-to-68 degree range and in warmer weather air conditioning systems operate only when temperatures reach the 75-to-80 degree range. ® Discussions have also been held with the UBC office that books rooms and other campus facilities to explore the possibility of consolidating evening classes and other nightime activities into a smaller number of buildings. ''#..: v. -. ■-. -^y* :i ^pzf^fr.,. 9jzky ?■■.. <. ,«- :■■-'. "•'"''V ^'K'W '"w /■-VV** ,^'^,,f t&n?;sf?:/^y},:^,y; ■ '■ $*■■'« f &'£fi\\&r\\ "!&?.::;"l$& "■,.*•'.- o*.r." Jt *£■'"*.•'•■ *'-* ■'" .'"*v-,**' 7 ii'*•&■■#• v•'*''' ■''.'.v> ;'/"■■ '■^"'r^B^-S^iSv 'yji;: V ;■.■'■'.,;^?v^■;^"i^A■.^■w■i^it;-,■'':!.ti,-'* : - /'■:.' '.:' ' ,;.-!>;v;sjC:]f>.^.f:;;!',Sf'i: i_ ;>' ri- * . ■.','. ■,..'■■"•';. '■■■•"■'liw.'i "'■'■■'W-•;'* ?$?£; If:*'?". y '■' f-2' yy -if ■ ■' •■''-.y--. ''?■■■ v ■„ '■ * '.>'■ '■*"'•', • &L"- Second-year commerce student Stan Wong was winner of $30§ first priKi UBC-sponsorcd cuntest for poster designed to promote energy conservation ;1l_ The Alumni Chronicle, in cooperation with the University Bookstore and UBC Press, is pleased to announce that .... Popular books by UBC authors — alumni and faculty, books about B.C. and Vancouver and books of special interest, are now conveniently available to alumni wherever they may live, simply by completing and mailing the attached order form. Payment can be made by cheque, money order, Visa/Chargex or Mastercharge. Postage and handling are included at no extra charge.... So, read on.... wans s r * Early 4h ."Vancouver Duncan McDougall Duncan has captured the beauty of Vancouver and its environs. We consider this book to be one of the best photographic studies yet published on any Canadian city Size: 8Vi x 11 72 pages (48 full colour) hardcover.. .$14.95 paper.. .$6.95 For Most Conspicuous Bravery U A Biography of Major-General If George R. 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"the perfect history and guide to the majority of B.C.'s Indian Churches." Victoria Times Colonist 295 photographs hardcover...$29.00 paper...$15.00 j I L Please send the books checked, postage and handling free. Please check method of payment. □ Cheque or money order enclosed payable to UBC Bookstore □ Charge my VISA/CHARGEX or □ MASTERCHARGE a/c No. □□□□□nnnnnnnDnn Card Expiration Date 19 Signature TITLE NO. OF COPIES PRICE TOTAL '- NCOUVER h/c $14.95 NCOUVERp/b $6.95 R MOST CONSPICUOUS AVERY $15.95 'E WILD FRONTIER $14.95 ■NADIANSONTHENILE $14.95 KLY INDIAN VILLAGE JRCHES h/c $29.00 '-iLY INDIAN VILLAGE -'RCHES D/b $15.00 T OTAL ■d your order to: •3 Bookstore - University of British Columbia 75 Wesbrook Mall icouver, B.C.V6T1W5 Please Print Name Address City Prov. Postal Code mSTW-yTB-i-M / „N '.J , I >~ - \\<-/■■"•'. , \\ -■ -. ,. ; ■ '*, ■''" -.-"-.-." ■ "V'*'- ■*,. ■■;■■;■ ■ •. \\ v-v;.^'-..^-/^;^-' : 0 18 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 pai ) Gray-Grant ire a room filled with scholarly- king individuals. The gentlemen baggy tweed jackets, drawing jjioi hilly on deep-bowled pipes, the [ad,, /a sensible shoes. The muted soui '' argument and rebuttal, affirma- tivi 1 negative, followed by polite app! for the adjudicated winners are heai.' ' hat's one image tnat could come io ii. <■■' when considering the UBC De- bat m< [rnion. Bi!i there's more to it than that. The slop ot the club spans 50 years of universitv history — years of debates that filled Brink Hall with eager spectators, of battles of rapier-sharp wits that are still remembered today. 'In fact, although few of today's students would realize it, the debating union was once the best-known club on campus. i%It was always a very active group," says retired classics professor Malcolm McGregor. "Active, that is until students got far too serious about saving the world." McGregor's involvement in debating goes back to the '20s when he was a student and the union was in its early years. Iv was then that the McGoun Cup was established, named for Archibald McGoun, noted advocate from Montreal, in recognition of his interest in Oxford-style debate. From its inception in 1923, the McGoun Cup was the highlight ofthe debating \\ear. Teams from the Universities of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia competed for the distinction of being named the best debaters ift Western Canada. Yes, debating was taken seriously, but that doesn't mean that it was always a serin1 ■*> business. A former member of UBC , ;ioard of governors, Arthur Fouks, recai■ ,.ne debating symposium held in Sean! in 1938. The topic was sombre enow the war in Europe. To enliven the situs, •!, however, some debaters took to weai .. buttons that proclaimed, "The ?ani > AREN'T Coming." Debaters have ,- ays been a rather irreverent lot. laic, it; case of the speaker who inno- ren:, ■ -marked that" the sun never set on the ! iv.h Empire." "That's because God "/ou i trust a Britisher in the dark," »"»■ k his opponent. ''s lie debates were always in good um 'They might have called us every ihe book, onstage," says Fouks, '.Tward they treated us royally. '. was always most hospitable." ■iten extended its own hospitali- ■ ■glish debaters from the Oxford ".au "bo J.v. Union, for instance. Such events were sure to be crowd-pleasers. David Buchanan, a Vancouver lawyer who was active in the club during the mid-'60s, says he remembers one British team in particular. "One of their debaters was a very studious guy; the other was short, fat and drank a lot of beer. They were opposites but complementary — rather like Bob Hope and Jack Benny. And of course the British style is 90 per cent lampooning." Make no mistake about it, ask any dedicated debater, and he or she'll tell you that a humorous subject is preferable to a serious one, any day. Topics like: "Be it resolved that Groucho did more good for mankind than Karl," or "That Mary Worth is an interfering busybody," are among the best. The subject for the 1968 McGoun Cup was another favorite: "That this House would rather Plymouth Rock had fallen on the Pilgrim fathers." And a match between the debating union and the faculty of agriculture proved entertaining with the resolution, "That beetles be stomped out." Sometimes the issue under debate caused no small furor. For example, in 1961, controversy raged over the topic "That chastity be a requirement for university admission." In the early '60s, venturing to discuss such a delicate matter was enough to earn UBC a reputation as a hot-bed of sin. The more serious debates were often on political subjects ofthe day: the problems of war, the power of organized labor or the need for guaranteed civil liberties. And the debating union knew a controversial topic when it saw one. In 1967, some ten years before the "national unity question" became really popular, UBC debated the subject with the University of Waterloo. Participants were told that debates could be conducted in either English or French. A noble gesture? It is doubtful if resolute federalists would agree, for the instructions concluded: "Debaters wishing to speak in French are reminded that they may not be understood." With its reputation for hilarious and high-calibre debates, the union regularly attracted a large audience. Crowds turned out to fill the Brock Hall, the amphitheatres in Buchanan, and more recently, the Student Union Building. But sometimes the audience could get out of hand, as John Cherrington, who was president of the club in 1970 will testify. The topic under debate was "That Israel be condemned as a warmonger, for provoking war among the peace-loving Arab states." "Some people in the audience became so excited that they chased us into the Student Union cafeteria, and we had to hide," says Cherrington. Despite the antics and the carryings- on, during its 50 years of activity, the debating club proved to be fertile training ground for a number of prominent British Columbians. People such as Chief Justice Nathan Nemetz, and former federal minister of justice and now B.C. Supreme Court, judge Davie Fulton, Chairman of B.C. Hydro Robert Bonner, and Clerk of the House of Commons, Alister Fraser were all members. Even Joe Clark, Leader of the Opposition, was once a UBC debater, during his brief stay as a law student. And is it mere coincidence that the majority of those involved in the club eventually became lawyers? Perhaps debating attracts a certain type of personality. "It involves standing on your feet and making a fool of yourself, which is what you have to do as a lawyer," says Graham Phillips, former debater who is now, of course, a lawyer. In addition to budding barristers and solicitors, the club also attracted its fair share of rogues and characters. Professor emeritus, Stanley Read, who coached the team for a number of years remembers in particular one "wild Irishman." "He was a rather impromptu and genial debater who spoke without too much preparation for the subject at hand," says Read. The wild Irishman's debating partner, Gerry Lecovin, can be forgiven for speaking less charitably: "I had a tremendous feeling of frustration. He said things well, but it was like Dream Whip, it left you hungry afterwards We went down to glorious defeat." Debating is certainly an art. The speaker who "says nothing" must manage to do so without letting the audience catch on. For this reason, all "good" debaters are experts at skillfully turning a phrase, and all "great" debaters have a sense ofthe theatrical. One of the many challenges facing a debater is devising a way to catch the attention df the audience. At a debate held on Remembrance Day, 1966, Richard Watts had the answer. He memorized six lines from one of Hitler's speeches and delivered them, with great feeling, to an audience made up largely of war veterans. "I certainly got their attention," he says with a certain satisfaction. Aside from appealing to the audience, debaters must also earn the approval of the judges. Walter Young, now head of political science at the University of Victoria, and Allan Thackray, a lawyer in Vancouver, teamed up for one McGoun Cup debate. Convinced that they had both spoken brilliantly, the two were a little surprised when a certain judge gave higher marks to their opponents. Anxious to discover where they had gone wrong, UBC's team decided to speak to the un impressed judge. "We found out the problem," says Thackray. "She was deaf!" But much ofthe time, UBC's team was a winning one. Throughout the years, coaches such as professors Henry Angus, Joe Crumb, Freddy Wood and Stan Read trained debaters who were able not only to entertain crowds, but also to capture trophies. In the mid-'60s the club walked away with the McGoun Cup for three successive years. But ironically, interest and enthusiasm soon declined. Perhaps as a result of the social consciousness movement, the art of debating came to be viewed as frivolous, a waste of time. The McGoun Cup, won by the University of Manitoba in 1969, was not debated for again. UBC received notice that the competition had been cancelled, due to lack of interest. UBC's own debating union fell apart in 1970. John Cherrington, who was president of the club that year says that formal debating was being shunned in favor of round-table discussions. "The campus was in a state of tumult. Everything was changing, and the mood of the students was 'let's try to get rid of formality'." Students were committed to issues, and it was hard to find people willing to argue both sides of an argument. In fact, Simon Fraser University once declined to debate UBC. Their reason? — it was immoral to argue a topic in which one didn't believe. "We sent a note congratulating them for having found 'Truth' on top ofthe mountain at Burnaby," says Brian Wallace, You 11 find & your look in our international collection for fall 978 Clmpmaii LADIES shop urn. " Where quality is always in fashion" 2596 Granville St. (at 10th Ave.) Vancouver, B.C. V6H 3G8 ._ 132 Oakridge Mall Marine Drive at 18th, West Vancouver 20 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 no our sis club president in 1967. But the pm the '60s prevailed and debating um across the country fell victim to t ian< Strangely enough, while debai n^ declined at the university level, it \\ |S coming popular among high sci" ml denls. Casual debates as well as n mal competitions and full-scale ments, were held on a regular b 1975, well over 300 students fro i nii than 25 B.C. high schools were n ^ulai involved in debates. When some of these students bi »ani tering into UBC, interest in deb ting the university level was rekindled Fin, ly, after a seven-year absence, tl o i] Debating Society was officially r< com tuted in January 1977. Off to a shaky start, with no mo ej a< only a small membership, UBC n inagt to host one debate and travel to Victo- for another — hardly an auspiciously ginning for a club which had once bt( the most famous on campus. Last year, the club came into its o\\v Debaters from UBC participated in cor petitions on Vancouver Island; hosted new provincial tournament for "IheA, thur Fouks Trophy," and in March, w the prestigious "English-Speaking Unit- Cup." In addition the club presented a popi lar series of noon-time lectures by UB( professors on "The Art of Public Speal ing." During another lunch-hour cW debaters entertained spectators by arguing "That the chicken came before ti egg." One ofthe more unusual debatess"> the year was held at Matsqui Correction: Institute on the topic of wiretapping li' police. UBC lost to the well-researche( inmates. The club is showing signs of a stronj revival. In October UBC is re-institutuj the McGoun Cup debate. The trophy is. new one (the original was reportedly las seen in the window of a Winnipeg jeweln store, waiting for engraving) but whan represents — high quality debating —r definitely traditional. As for the gentlemen in the tweec jack1 ets and the sensibly-shod ladies... well, they graduated some years ago. But lb art of speaking effectively is comin.; into' fashion again. "With the quieter cempuH of today, the atmosphere is probabl ripe for colorful sorts of things like deba ing. says Cherrington. He's right. A good debate, wit! wit repartee and a healthy dos ol_ exhibitionism, is guaranteed to t nusti and, possibly, to offend. Debating like the theatre is an art that needs an auc -ericf to thrive. If the new debates are up o the old standards the house should be S J .01 The aforementioned debaters are all !BC graduates, with the law degree the moi prevalent among their academic awards Author, Daphne Gray-Grant, is a fourth yen' political science student and president < fth UBC Debating Society. i y "TTJTinriiTXT' yryyiz^zzTZTzzryyTyziw:. iu^t.,.. 'fftSLJ yjUBC's summer seniors came to tea at Cecil Green i Park in July as guests ofthe alumni association and the Centre for Continuing Education (top). j In the background alumni president Paul Hazell " ■ chat* with some ofthe participants in the free '. UBC summer courses for retired people.... UBC's superb new aquatic centre (above) opens Ifor htsiness early in September. Alumni * i donations totalling over $200,000 (received and * pie J 'ed) helped build the pool and to equip the J oh Buchanan Fitness and Research Centre, wk h is part ofthe pool complex. (Right) One of UB ."s athletes works at strengthening her leg mih les on one ofthe many specialized pieces of eqv ment in the Buchanan facility. For m/ nation on the pool public swimming times an -herprograms call 228-4251. .... ^lews Association Objectives Under Study The objectives of the alumni association are coming under close study by a special association committee. It's part of its mandate to develop a five-year plan for the association's future activities. The committee, appointed by alumni president Paul Hazell, is composed ofthe president, vice-president George Plant, executive members Jack Hetherington and Barbara Mitchell Vitols and board members Robert Tulk, Grant Burnyeat and Art Stevenson, past presidents Jim Denholme, Charlotte Warren and Beverly Field and executive director, Harry Franklin. They have already studied the priorities established by the 1977 finance and administration committee and "Right now we are in the research area, collecting information about other universities and how they approach the area of priorities, on the kinds of budgets they have available," said Hazell. He added that "You might say I am waiting with bated breath to hear what this committee is going to come up with. The committee was asked to examine the objectives of the association and see whether they really hold the same for us today as when they were originally put into the constitution. If they don't, then the constitution should be changed to reflect the new objectives." It's been said that B.C.'s university alumni have not had a substantial presence in the province-wide community. One suggestion to improve this situation that Paul Hazell would like to explore during his presidency is that of a B.C. alumni council. He sees this as a unified body representing all the public universities with alumni representing the community, senate members representing the faculty and board of governors representing the administration — with two or three from each category, from each university. "I feel that this council would complement the Universities Council and is a way of showing grassroots support for education." The council should have close contact with current students regarding their concerns and might also serve as a way to inform universities about community needs and to give communities a greater understanding of the role and function of universities. A possible early project might be a symposium to discuss the direction of higher education in B.C. and ways of achieving educational goals. Support for education, Hazell sees as part of the responsibility of being a graduate, and he says "I don't feel it would be out of turn to suggest that UBC, as the oldest university, has some responsibility to offer leadership in such a project or a similar one." Alumni views, comments or suggestions on association programs and objectives are most welcome and should be sent to The President, UBC Alumni Association, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8. 21 •1 I )-v f%^ it Y,V'.. -,.4 ^ 23K^«- //; - <*>.? /// ,.xs. -•'"'•:. « Chicken barbeques on the terrace of Cecil Green Park were part ofthe summer Young Alumni Club program (above). An $8 annual membership in YAC opens the door to the weekly Thursday and Friday evening sessions at CGP (Happy Hour, 4 to 6pm, Fridays) for recent grads and those in the final year of an undergraduate course. Live music, always, on Friday, occasionally on Thursdays. Assorted sports activities are on the winter schedule and more suggestions are welcome at the annual meeting, Oct. 5, 6:30 pm at Cecil Green Park....Mark Townsend, a first-year student from Victoria, who plans to try out for the 22 Chronicle /Autumn 1978 quarterback slot on the Thunderbirds, is this yeafs winner ofthe $750 Frank Gnup Memorial Scholarship. Townsend was guest-of-honor at the second annual Frank Gnup Golf Classic in July which raised $5,000 for the scholarship fund which honors the late football coach. Mark (second from left) was congratulated by scholarship committee members Don Vassos, BA'63 (left), Doug Mitchell, LLB'62 and Tom Thomson, BA'66 (right), who was principal organizer ofthe tourney. The Gnup scholarships are awarded on the basis of need, scholarship, leadership and an interest in athletics. Vancouver Institute: Satyrelay Night Learning It may not have the beat of "Saturday -Tight Fever" — but UBC's Vancouver Institute hasa lot to offer anyone who'll listen. The institute, Vancouver's premier k ture series, has been in operation since 1916 Ifo fall '78 program of free Saturday evenin lee tures opened Sept. 9 with Sir Denys Wilk;:ison of Sussex University speaking on "Symiiem in Art and Nature." The following week UBC historian Alex Woodside, a world special-st on China and Vietnam, discussed the "Collision ot Revolutions: China and Vietnam." On succeeding Saturday evenings the msti tute's audience will hear: Sept. 23, Canadian literature authority and UBC Master Teacher, Don Stephens on "The Making of a Litera ture;" Sept. 30, UBC geographer Cole Harris examines the relationship between history and geography in "Quebec and the Canadian Land;" Oct. 7, epidemiologist Leonard Kur- land ofthe Mayo Clinic in Minnesota traces the "Incidence, Trends and Outcome of Disease," Oct. 14, a retired British lawyer whose books have covered such diverse fields as history, philosophy and poetry, Owen Barfield, will consider "The History of Ideas: Evolution of Consciousness." Are our B.C. forests a renewable resource' On Oct. 21 a panel chaired by UBC forestrj dean Joseph Gardiner, with members James Kimmins, a forestry professor and Grint Aimscougfo, chief forester, MacMillan Bloedel will consider the question; Oct. 28, one of Canada's leading jurists Samuel Freedman, chief justice of Manitoba, will offer some "Challenges to the Rule of Law;" Nov. 4, Alan Gates, head of music at Clark College, and his wife Yoko Gates will present their ideas on traditional and modern Japanese music. Mrs Gates will give musical illustrations using several different instruments; Nov. 11, eminent pathologist James Hogg, director of the UBC pulmonary research unit looks at the "Environment and Breathing;" Nov. 18, Richard Meier of the city and regional planning department, University of California, Berkeley, on "The Conserver City: Social Effects of New Technology;" and Nov. 25, an outstanding British Columbia historian, UBC profe-.sor emerita Margaret Ormsby, returns to her mi- versity and her subject with "British Col im- bia's History: New Perspectives." The visits to the campus by Sir Denys ' Wilkinson and Prof. Meier are part of the Ceci H and Ida Green visiting professorship progr m There is an open invitation for you to at! nd these lectures and to become a member oi the Vancouver Institute. The fee is modest — % individual, $10, family and $2, student — nd is used to defray the costs of publicity nd printing. Everyone involved with the ii >ti- tute's program, from the organizing commi ree to the speakers is a volunteer. For a broch ire outlining the fall season and a membership ip- plication contact the UBC information ofl -e, 2075 Wesbrook Place, Vancouver V6T 1 VS (228-3131). All lectures begin at 8:15 pm in he campus instructional resources centre. 11 yn )€ Th «he .sin itpo al.. \\\\ autl- hia,' Ideal prol selle< noun detail paid i card-, charf- haste will :c nothing quite like a good book — and t-.micle, in cooperation with the univer- ..■okstore and UBC Press, has taken it ,elf to help you find one, two or sever- .; offering a selection of books, by UBC ; or about Vancouver or British Colum- •;Lit may not be readily obtainable at your >-,s okstore. (The Pierre Berton book is ' ■! y the exception, unless your local book- ■appens to be outside Canada.) An an- ?ment on page 17 of this issue has all the , The prices quoted (and these may be v cheque, money order or various charge ) include all postage and handling s. All orders will be dispatched post- Special requests are most welcome and ceive immediate attention. Fall Programs in Alumni Branches 'Faraway branches: In South Australia Irene 5'Mayer, BEd'70, arranged a reception, August -3, for alumni and education colleagues, to meet ;(JBC professor Gary Pennington and his group of students and teachers who toured Australia 'visiting various educational institutions this summer (or winter, depending on your viewpoint).... Plans are being made for an October Tokyo reception for alumni in Japan to meet Oscar Sziklai, UBC professor of forestry and a Member of the alumni board of management, ,^hile he is visiting a Japanese university.... Caroline Spankie Knight, BA'65, MA'67, passes along word that Canadian alumni in the Washington, D.C. area are in the early stages of Organizing an event for the future, date, time, place all to be decided and announced.... '■I A little closer to home, Ottawa alumni have .been branching out with several different types of programs. This summer they participated in a "Twinning of the Provinces" night at Camp Fortune. Coming events include a night at the harness races with dinner and a race named after the UBC Alumni. Saturday, October 14, is Oktoberfest, at Camp Fortune. A fee of approximately $3, payable at the gate provides admission, parking, bratwurst in a bun, an Oom-Pah band and a view ofthe autumn leaves There was much conversation and laughter at the Class of'28 Golden Anniversary reunion dinner at the faculty club in late June. Over 100 class members and their guests attended the event planned by Dr. Douglas Telford (above, right) who chats with Charles Gould (right). Honored guests were emeritus dean Fred Soward (above, left) and UBC vice-president Michael Shaw and Mrs. Shaw, (top, right) who listen intently to Alice Hemming (back to camera), who traveled from England for the reunion. 5 great plays - spe 'ETS: Vancouver Ticket Centre 63' 683—3255 IJ^UtioJCiE^*^ *u «»?2SS2I2L^ai*«i3SL«iiT from the chair lift. Alumni will be gathering at the Lockeberg Lodge. Plan to drop in. Guests of alumni are most welcome. For more information call the "fortune teller," 827-2323. Thea Koerner House, the UBC graduate student centre has issued an invitation for all former members of the centre to become associate members. Payment of an annual fee of $25 entitles you to enjoy all the social and cultural amenities of the centre which include "one of the most civilized bars in Vancouver," a superb view of Howe Sound and Georgia Strait and dining room that is open for lunch and dinner, Monday to Friday, with reasonable prices promised. Reservations can be made for dinner. The centre office, 228-3202 can provide further details. 1979 Board Nominations Sought Election mania will soon be sweeping the country. So, why not let yourself get caught up in the spirit of things by putting your name or another grad's forward in nomination for the alumni board of management. Alumni past president Charlotte Warren is chairing the nominations committee for the elections that will take place in spring '79. She would be pleased to hear from any graduates of UBC — including those who attended Victoria College — who would be willing to stand for election, or who know of persons willing to let their names be nominated. The positions to be filled by election are: the officer positions (one year terms) of vice- president and treasurer and 10 members-at- large (two year terms). To place a name in nomination or for further information call or write Charlotte Warren, Chair, Nominating Committee, UBC Alumni Association, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver V6T 1A6 (228-3313) no later than Thursday November 30, 1978. Join International House and Meet the World Did you know that 72 different nations are represented among UBC's students — and that the place where you can get to know them is International House? International House is moving in some new directions this year with plans for programs that will involve all segments ofthe community — on, and off campus. Beginning in September there's to be a series of "Country Nights" — Latin American, Native Canadian, Nigerian are examples — with food, music and dancing. The Coffee Place will operate almost daily, with a beer garden open on Frida> noons. IH Orientation programs for ! ■wgii students may mean a hike and a'beach p ity, trip to Vancouver Island or a slide presei atw "Introducing Canada." All IH activities are open to everyt ic \\ membership fee of $2, for students anc com1 munity members, will give you half pr> e ad mission to the discos and cultural evenhr s and a monthly newsletter in four languages. An enthusiastic group of volunteers fr< m the campus and community, supported by \\ ieID| staff wants to make the services of the toust, available to as many groups as possible Thi house will be open daily and ethnic comn umt\\' groups are welcome to use the faciliti s fa' events "that will bring people of different lands, together." There is no charge for the use jf the facilities, except for weddings. As Saf Bol nan program coordinator points out — "th:re»r room for anything new and interesting, it will' be a pleasure for us at International House to} help and cooperate with your organization." I One old program being revived could be cal 1 led "Meet a Canadian Family." UBC expects' approximately 1,100 foreign students this year,! mostly graduate students, with a few under' graduates on government exchange scholar' ships. Many of them will have little opportun, ity — living in residence or on their own — to' experience Canadian family life, unless an in, traduction can be arranged. And that is easily|, done through IH. So, if you'd like to welcome!' foreign student to Canada and issue an invm ,' tion to a family dinner (Thanksgiving is coming! up), or some other occasion, give IH a call! They'll be pleased to hear from you. 228-5021 [, YORKSHIRE TRUST The Oldest and Largest UBC ALUMNI AT YORKSHIRE J.R. Longstaffe BA '57 LLB '58 - Chairman I.H. Stewart BA '57 LLB '60 - Director A.G. Armstrong LLB '59.- Director W.R. Wyman B. Comm. '56 - Director' J.C.M. Scott BA '47 B. Comm. '47 - Director G.A. McGavin B. Comm. '60 President E.G. Moore LLB '70 - Treasurer K.E. Gateman B Sc. '61 - Comptroller P.L. Hazell B. Comm. '60 - Manager Information Systems R.K. Chow M.B.A. 73 - Pension Trust Administrator L.J. Turner B. Comm. 72 - Property Development Co-Ordinator J. Dixon B. Comm. '58 - Claims Manager A Complete Financial Service Organization 900 W. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3711 590 W. Render St. Vancouver 685-3711 130 E. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3935 2996 Granville St. Vancouver 738-7128 6447 Fraser St. Vancouver 324-6377 538 6th St. New West. 525-1616 1424 Johnston Rd. White Rock 531-8311 737 Fort St. Victoria 384-0514 518 5th Ave. S.W. Calgary 265-0455 lember Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation -Trust Companies Association of Canada 24 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 Douglas Ray |f%ouglas Ray, BSc'62, is in business. He IB splits salmon and deals with the fed- JU^eral government's Export Development Corporation and customers that range from movie stars to politicians and the jet set of the world. He used to be an investment counsellor (Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver) — before that, a geologist — a career he may pick up again someday with graduate studies. An MBA from the University of Toronto moved Ray from taking ore samples in the Canadian bush to offering financial advice. Feeling that he was "locked into the corporate situation — there had to be other things in life," he decided to become his own boss. As he explains: "I think that everyone who takes an MBA always has in the back of his mind the possibility of doing something on his own. Also in the back of the mind of anybody from the West Coast is the idea of getting back there sooner or lav i " After checking out over 120 business risibilities, he settled on the Imperial S j non House — an old warehouse in Van- (i iter's False Creek redevelopment area wi«.re the aromas of his smoking fish gle with the glories of cooking chocolate n Purdy's just up the hill. Hat was two years ago. After many uhs of intensive training, Ray can now about the world salmon market with all 'nformation of an insider and an expert: ply; prices; export information; the per- i' preferences of customers from the r Seasons Hotel chain to former Israeli ie Minister Golda Meir, Hollywood ctor Hal Wallis and nameless salmon 'ers — wholesalers, retailers, and the in the street — who have found, often 't difficulty,the way to his establishment. 5e has had to learn everything about the rical side of the operation as well as fling the business end. For the past 17 h m months he has been a 'splitter' in his plant. It's a tricky job — "more like an art" — where the salmon is split into two and all the bones, except for a row of 'pin bones', are deftly removed. His wife, Connie, pretty well runs the office — dealing with mail and telephone orders (during this interview, an order for 750 pounds came by phone from Atlanta, Georgia) and bookkeeping — while Doug orders dressed fish (delivered headless, gutted and frozen), prepares a sport fisherman's catch, splits the salmon, stokes the sawdust-fired smoker in which the salmon remain for 24 hours after curing by a secret recipe, and then arranges the appropriate transportation, that is, if he isn't going to make the local delivery himself. So what's it like to smell fish first thing in the morning? "The smell offish is the smell of money — I don't dare book off sick." His four employees (including his wife) start work at 8 o'clock in the morning and help him turn about 150,000 pounds of salmon each year into a product that could be sold for "literally any amount of money in some parts of the globe. The market is almost unlimited." Which is a problem in itself for Ray. "Do we want to get that big is the problem I'm wrestling with right now. I know for a fact that I could sell 3,000 pounds a week in New York City, but we can make a reasonable living keeping it at a manageable size." Imperial's special knack seems to be in developing a flavor in its fish that competitors lack: "You can't stand still in this business. If you don't try to fill a need, others will and with, perhaps, an inferior quality product." But on any given day, his hickory and oak-smoked red spring salmon can be sampled in the Hotel Shangri-La in Singapore, in Central and South America, in the West Indies, Australia or Europe, on the dinner tray of a CP Air flight or simply — in your own home. — CJM Forty-two years ago, in the middle of the depression, Georgina Margaret Brunette, BA'33, got a job as a part-time clerical worker in the old Vancouver Public Library at Main and Hastings. Last June, she retired as coordinator of adult services at the VPL after four decades of watching the library change from a spot where bookworms leisurely browsed and chose to a resource centre with 14 branches where the bulk of users come for information — in a hurry....Hannah E. Pilkington, BA'33, of Campbell River, was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal for her many years of service to the Canadian Red Cross Society. She has also been involved with hospital auxiliaries, the United Appeal and other community organizations....President of the B.C. Federation of Naturalists, and currently serving on a panel investigating the impact on the environment of a proposed third runway at Vancouver International Airport, Vernon Brink, BSA'34, MSA'36, is off to Turkey, courtesy of 230 former students and professional workers. There, he will study and collect alfalfa which might be of use to Canadian breeders. Brink, who sees himself as a "rural idealist," has spent 38 years at UBC as a plant science professor....Director-general of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography at Dartmouth, William L. Ford, BA'36, MA'37, received an honorary doctor of science at the Spring convocation of the University of New Brunswick. The congregation of the First Presbyterian Church of Port Colborne, Ontario, held a luncheon to honor their minister Jesse Reynolds Esler, BA'37, who has completed 40 years in the ministry — the last 17 of which were spent in Port Colborne....Formerly academic vice- president of New Brunswick's Mount Allison 25 d Dave Moilliet University, William M. Sibley, BA'39, MA'40, (PhD, Brown), has been appointed to chair the Saskatchewan Universities Commission. Throughout his academic career, Sibley has held a number of positions, including dean of arts and science, and vice-president in charge of faculty and special planning — both at the University of Manitoba. He will now make his home in Saskatoon....After 39 years on the job, John S. Stokes, BASc'39, has retired as deputy minister of forests with the B.C. Forest Service. He joined the forest service in 1939, and after serving with the RCAF during World War II, he was appointed forest ranger at Prince Rupert. He became deputy minister in 1969. 40s Possessing "a unique knowledge of the history and workings of the company", R. Duncan MacFayden, BCom'41, is the new secretary of MacMillan Bloedel. In 1946 he joined the head office of Bloedel, Stewart & Welch, one ofthe three major companies which merged to form MacMillan Bloedel, and two years later became assistant secretary....Ian CM. Rush, BASc'42, MASc'43, adds the responsibility of chief executive officer of Petrostar Limited to his duties chairing the company's board of directors.... Applauded the world over by fellow oceanographers and by Flipper, Izadore Barrett, BA'47, MA'49, has invented a commercial fishing net from which dolphins can escape. Hundreds of thousands ofthe sea mammal die every year in nets set for tuna and often appear on menus as Mahi-Mahi....Philip Norman Daykin, BA'47, MA'49, PhD'52, professor of computing science at the University of Lethbridge since 1969 is a columnist for the Lethbridge Herald writing the "Aperture" section.... A member of the B.C. public service since 1949, Robert H. Ahrens, BSF'49, is the new deputy minister of recreation and conservation. Prior to this appointment he was associate deputy minister. Judge A. Les Bewley, LLB'49, is on a leave-of-absence from the bench to act as legal consultant to the B.C. Alcohol and Drug Commission. His assistance will be sought primarily in the formulation the Health Entry Plan for narcotics abusers....Twenty-eight years in the petroleum industry were good preparation for Robert G.S. Currie, BA'49 — he is now vice-president for oil and gas ofthe B.C. Resources Investment Corporation. Currie 26 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 Rick Wiersbitzky plans to run the division "like any oil company," and wants "to get into exploration in Western Canada."...The Pacific Salmon Enhancement Program will spend $150 million over the next five years doubling Canada's production of Pacific salmon along British Columbia's coastline and interior waterways. Leslie Edgeworth, BA'48, BASc'49, has been with the fisheries department since graduation and is the new executive director of the program. 50s Eight thousand Canadian pharmacists will be well represented by two UBC grads in 1979 — Joseph John Despot, BSP'50, is new president of the Canadian Pharmaceutical Association. He was active in developing B.C.'s Pharmacare Plan. Leroy Conrad Fevang, BSP'58, MBA'68, was named executive director of the CPA... .Research scientist at the Pacific Biological Station in Nanaimo, Robin J. LeBrasseur, BA'51, MA'54, is one of those unsung volunteer workers who wants to improve the lot of their fellow citizens in Nanaimo. He and his wife are counsellors at the Nanaimo Family Life Association, and he is currently head of the Nanaimo Justice Council. Two alumni have been recognized by the Royal Society of Canada for outstanding work in their respective fields. Paul Kebarle, PhD'57, professor of chemistry at the University of Alberta, was recognized for his research of ions in gases. Queen's University professor, Stephan F. Kaliski, BA'52, was elected for his work in economics. Kaliski is currently managing editor of the Canadian Journal of Economics ... .David Moilliet, BA'52, is chief of international relations for the Canadian government office of tourism (CGOT). He recently received a Master of Arts in education with special emphasis on tourism development and travel administration at the George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Moilliet joined the former Canadian government travel bureau in 1965 and after 10 years in the United States as manager of CGOT offices in San Francisco and Washington, returned to Ottawa in 1976. Howard A. Callaghan, LLB'53, has been named to the British Columbia Supreme Court Co-author of Teaching Secondary Health Science (John Wiley & Sons), Walter D. Sorochan, BPE'53, is professor of health science at San Diego State University. He is the author of several other books, including Personal Health Appraisal (Wiley).... Now living in London, England, Paul J. Hoenmans, 'ASc'54, is president ol Mobil Euro. > n :cw responsibilities will include all o< Mnt International Division in Europe....H ad* the new Halifax office of the federal .Xp0I1 Development Corporation, Cornea! T. tyooi BA'54, is now Atlantic representative, asteij division....After 15 years in politics as ; iber/ M.P. for Vancouver-Centre, S. Rona! 1 Bas ford, BA'55, LLB'56, is leaving the actnt political arena for "personal and pi,vate" reasons. After the 1968 campaign, 1 e «/ named Canada's first minister of consu ner ( corporate affairs. In recent years he has ,ervei as minister of justice....Commissioner of tin Mackenzie Valley pipeline inquiry, ustict, Thomas R. Berger, BA'55, LLB'56, re;eive] the honorary degree of doctor of laws and deli' vered the convocational address at St. Thomas University, Fredericton....Now heading thi production and rural development division ol, the Ontario ministry of agriculture is Ceorgi H. Collin, BSA'55. Since 1977, he has chairdl the Ontario farm products marketing board Robert W. Smith, BASc'55, is now managa' { of Imperial Oil's Sarnia refinery. He has held' 1, several administrative positions in Toronto, New Jersey, and New York since joining the company in 1955....John Lawrence Howardi BA'56, is the new head of Saskatchewan's del partment of tourism and renewable resources! habitat protection development division' Headquartered in Saskatoon, he will supervise''' the study of alternatives in saving habitat Mj private property and liaise with the Saskatchel wan department of agriculture and department of environment....The Entomological Society of Canada has selected Ronald W. Stark,, PhD'58, ofthe University of Idaho, to receive A its gold medal for outstanding achievement in''/ entomology.... David C. Morley, BA'56, is the ger ?BC P „be( na M Sti me ag Al he In In Thomas R. Johnson, BSc'60, has been ap pointed assistant deputy minister (operations) in B.C.'s ministry of highways. In 1977 h* was made executive director of operations a id in that capacity took over all road maintenance control ofthe ministry.... Helen C. Zuk« wski Wooldridge, BA'60, is looking for storytt Hers, to contribute to a book she is putting tog 'ther for 1979 publication. Not for stories abou just anything but about experiences the l Hers themselves have had while with the Can dian University Service Overseas. The book,. s yet untitled, will chronicle the activities of th< over 6,000 volunteers who have served with C JSO in the past 16 years. "I suddenly realized that all these stories were going to be lost," said Wooldridge, who now lives in Toronto and writes for Science International. If you vere with CUSO, can tell a good story and wan it fo live forever, write to Helen c/o CUSO, 151 Slater Street, Ottawa, Ontario ClP 211- Ne" MS AH in t> \\cr pu ofN 1 Do vit( CXpt con ope; Moi' gent BCo Cooi. gaaggg Physics professor at the University of ■.runswick, Ronald M. Lees, BSc'61, , (PhD, Bristol), has been awarded the Stuart Memorial Award for excellence sing. Active in science faculty and uni- committees, he was recently elected at of the Association of the University Brunswick Teachers. icr project manager for Stadler Hurter i Nicholson, BASc'61, is now executive esident of the company. With 15 years nee in international engineering and •ng work, he is now responsible for the ional functions of ,tHe company in cal....Working in the B.C. attorney's office since 1966, Robert G. Simson, 61, LLB'62, is now director of the mated Law Enforcemefit, Unit. He had been assistant director of the ministry's criminal law division....Milburn. Lewis Lerohl, «MSA'62, (BSc, Alberta; PhD, Michigan Stan"', has been appointed to head the depart- ' ment of rural economy within the faculty of agric aiture and forestry at the University of Alberta. During a sabbatical leave in 1974-75 he was project general economist with the East Indonesia regional development study in Bali, Indonesia. Professor of electrical engineering and head ofthe laser research program into fusion at the University of Alberta, Allan Offenberger, BASc'62, MASc'63, is very grateful for the $65,00*0 grant made to the program. Although the figure seems insignificant in comparison to the world expense of $1.5 billion on studies in , the same sphere, Offenberger points out: "a small program can come up with clever new approaches and examine a lot of details which major national laboratories do not have time to follow."...Beryl Rowland, PhD'62, (MA, Alberta), is the author of newly published Birds With Human Souls (University of Tennessee Press)....Associate professor in the school of education at Acadia University, Thomas Til- lemans, MEd'62, was invited to present seminars at a conference dealing with learning disorders, in Portugal, last June. The invitation came as the result of research he conducted last year while on sabbatical leave in Europe....Mimico Correctional Centre near Etobicoke, Ontario, appointed a new Protestant chaplain in April of this year, Hemdrik Jan Dykman, BSA'63. A United Church minister, he was previously at the Glendale Adult Training Centre in Simcoe. Past editor of Ad-Lib (1965-66), the UBC library school student paper, Sieglinde Stieda-Levdsseur, BA'64, BLS'66, has been awarded a $6,360 Social Science and Humanities Research Council Doctoral Fellowship. She will do her PhD work in bibliographic control at the University of Western Ontario. She was also the recipient ofthe 1978 Phaim-World Book graduate scholarship in library science, awarded by the Canadian Libra y Association... .Relinquishing his love for saltwater sailing, Vancouver architect, Neil J. Pe'^.an, BArch'64, is now landlocked in Cal- gar . After eight years of practice in Van- co!. ;r, he is now a member ofthe Dale Chandler vennedy Partnership... .Enjoying her legal P^-. .ice in Peterboro, Ontario, Wendy Moir ^y ?-on, LLB'64, is involved with a great deal ol ■ ornestic law, legal aid, wills and estates. Or: :tf a very few women to enter law in 1961, she ,-oW describes her practice as "very much a stoifront operation where you're close to the people you work for."...In charge of general P^nx operations including production, maintenance and technical support, William Jack Selby, BASc'64, is the new plant manager for FMC of Canada Ltd. in Squamish. He joined the company in 1965 as the first Squamish employee and in 1970 was made production superintendent.... Former superintendent of industrial relations at the Alcan Smelters and Chemicals Kitimat smelter, Robert D. Algar, BCom'65, is now the manager of the personnel division. Funded by six East Kootenay forest industry companies, Fred L. Bunnell, BSF'65, UBC associate professor of forestry, is conducting a study of the impact on wildlife — specifically elk — that clear-cut (patch) logging has had in the White River watershed of the East Kootenay....David C. Campbell, BCom'65, (PhD, Berkeley), is now an associate professor at the school of government and public administration with the American University in Washington, D.C Roy Elrock Gunn, BEd'65, is principal of Martin Elementary School in Kelowna, but it wasn't always books for the one time high school drop-out. At the ripe old age of 17 he had decided he "already knew everything" and began work for the railway where he worked his way up from the freight office to middle management by the age of 25. He found himself locked into the job and company, and sacrificing too much; as a result, he left his job and completed his high school education through correspondence courses. Today, along with his UBC degree, he has an MA in administration and curriculum from Gonzaga University David A. Lynn, BEd'65, is now superintendent of school districts 81 and 87 in Fort Nelson, B.C. He was formerly principal of Anne Stevenson Junior Secondary School in Williams Lake and is a past chair of the B.C. Federation of School Athletics Association....Former publisher and general manager of the Kamloops Daily Sentinel, Bruce M. Rowland, BA'65, is now publisher and general manager of the Barrie Examiner. A director of The Canadian Press, he has been a member of its news study committee.... David G. Smith, BA'65, has been appointed to the Legal Services Commission of British Columbia. A minister of the United Church, he has worked as a parole and probation superintendent. James Woodfieid, BA'65, PhD'71, has been named executive assistant to the president at the University of New Brunswick. An associate professor of English at that university, he specializes in modern drama and is completing a two-year term on the national executive ofthe Association of Canadian University Teachers of English. For the past year he has been acting university secretary.... Former member ofthe RCMP, Vancouver lawyer Reginald D. Gran- dison, BA'66, LLB'69, has been appointed a judge of the provincial court....H. Dewell Linn, MSc'66, (PhD, Sask), is director of urban and regional planning for the Saskatchewan region with the consulting firm of Underwood McLellan. He had served in both engineering and planning capacities with that firm prior to his return to the University of Saskatchewan on a PhD program in 1970. For the past five years he has taught courses in geography and urban planning at the University of Saskatchewan....As part of a major program of scientific studies conducted in Glacier and Mount Revelstoke National Parks by Parks Canada, Wayne Patrick McCrory, BSc'66, is conducting a two-year inventory of the goat population of the Columbia Mountains. The investigation involves locating the Football All home games start at 2 pm, Thunderbird Stadium. Sept. 16 Manitoba at UBC 23 UBC at Alberta 30 Saskatchewan at UBC Oct. 7 Puget Sound at UBC 14 Calgary at UBC 21 UBC at Manitoba 28 Alberta at UBC Nov. 4 W.I.F.L. Playoff (location, TBA) 11 Semi-Final Bowl (location, TBA) 18 College Bowl (location, Toronto) Ice Hockey All home games start at 7:30 pm, Winter Sports Centre. Oct. 27 Alumni Game Nov. 3-4 Calgary at UBC 10-11 Alberta at UBC 17-18 UBC at Saskatchewan 24-25 UBC at Calgary Dec. 1 Japanese Nationals at UBC Basketball All home games start at 8:30 pm, War Memorial Gym Oct. 27-28 Dogwood at UBC Nov. 2 Dogwood at UBC 4 Grad Reunion Game at UBC 10-11 UBC at Victoria 17-18 UBC at Calgary 24-25 Alberta at UBC Dec. 1 UBC at Lewis-Clark 2 UBC at Idaho 21 Dogwood at UBC 29-30 Athletes in Action at UBC For tickets and further information on the above events or on any UBC athletic event, contact the athletics office, 228-2295 (women) or 228-2531 (men). (It is suggested that you inquire locally for location and time of "away" games.) At home or away — a UBC team needs your cheers... 27 TSSlEBSraES^ goat herds, mapping their ranges during all seasons, and keeping notes on all aspects of the goats' life style — feeding habits, reproduction, and the use of salt licks, to name a few. "I am fascinated by their remarkable ability to survive in the hostile and rugged terrain," said McCrory. Former professor and head of the department of educational foundations at the University of Manitoba, Terrence R. Morrison, BEd'66, MA'67, (PhD, Toronto), is now dean of the continuing education division at that university. During the past year he has developed courses in labor and economics education and has been active in the development of an adult education program — all in the faculty of education. In 1977, he was honored by the Ontario Historical Society as the recipient of the E.A. Cruikshank Gold Medal for Merit for his contributions to historical studies....New resident manager of the Vancouver office of INA Insurance company of Canada, is David Ross Parry, BSc'66. He will be responsible for the development and administration of the INA's Canada Western Canadian business ....Lucinda A. Buchanan, BA'67, has moved from The Belfry to the McPherson Playhouse in Victoria as assistant to the Playhouse's executive technical directors. She was a member of the founding body of the Central Island Arts Alliance and president of it for two and a half years, and on the board ofthe Western Association of Drama Educators ....Natural resources division head Gary R. Cronkwright, BSF'67, has been appointed principal of the Frost Campus of Sir Sandford Fleming College in Lindsay, Ontario. For the past 10 years he has helped develop programs currently offered by the college through the natural resources division.... Director of Sports Canada, Roger C. Jackson, MPE'67, (BA, Western; PhD., Wisconsin), has been appointed dean of the faculty of physical education at the University of Calgary. Jackson, an international athlete, competed in three Olympic Games and two world championships, sharing the gold medal for rowing (pair oars) in the 1964 Tokyo games with George W. Hunger- ford, BA'65, LLB'68. In 1964 he was co- winner of the Lou March Trophy as Canada's outstanding athlete, and was made a member of Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. Stephen Wallace, BSc'67, PhD'71, was one of four Canadians awarded an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship for basic research. The award, amounting to $9,900 a year for two years, is given to outstanding scientists in colleges and universities in the U.S. and Canada....Marcus Welby, Ben Casey, Dr. Kildare — beware. For, faster than a speeding tow truck, Hollywood's Car Doctor, U.K.E. (Rick) Wiers- bitzky, BA'67, is winning over the hearts of many an automobile owner. With his 24-hour seven-days-a-week mobile car repair service, he is able to perform delicate tune-ups, tricky malfunction analyses, and routine check-ups, all on the side of the road or even in the office parking lot if necessary....Marking the first musical exchange between Japan and Richmond, Kenneth W. Hackwell, BMus'68, was in charge of taking a 45-piece band to Wakayama, Japan....After travelling exten sively throughout the Orient, India and uroii to do her research, Evelyn H. Nagai, JA6S (MA, Wisconsin), can add a PhD in Ind m^ Central Asian Art to her list of credi , Sfo received her degree from the Univei it\\ { California at Berkeley where she is n w ^ ing....Past president of the UBC coi metct alumni division Patrick E. Parker, BC «m 64 MBA'69, is now vice-president of Mc lonalj Restaurants of Canada Limited. In Van< )u\\a he will manage the Western Canada opt. ation and has also been appointed to the Bi trd j Directors for the company....Reverem Cy« Hamilton Powles, PhD'68, (BA, A cGill STB, Trinity College; MA, Harvaro , w' awarded an honorary Doctor of Divin ty dt gree at the May convocation of the M mtrai Diocesan Theological College. From 1)491 1971 he lived in Japan where he se ved i number of churches and was profc^oi ol, church history at the Central Theologic >.l Coll lege ofthe Nippon Seikokai. In 1971, he lei! Japan to become professor of church his<.orji Trinity College, Toronto. One ofthe toughest government jobs in B.C is now in the hands of Donald R. Munroe LLB'70, who officially takes over as head ofthe B.C. Labor Relations Board October 2. Mun roe's main labor relations experience has been in serving on arbitration boards. He ab chaired the Canadian Bar Association's B C torni poini to 1' MB* Jlivo! (pi tl "trie1 Tpm\\ 'Just < st' •rplar jng Ithe i u H •BH fe pi col< m ]M. Itor has taw A Postie's Lot Is Not A Happy One -.. Specially, when he brings the Alumni Records Department bags of Alumni 'Unknowns'.. So if you're planning lo change your name, addresser life style... let us know —■ and bring a little lightness to a postie's walk, (enclosure of your Chronicle mailing label is helpful) an owl with a hat? Atarax Reeords 6251 Cecil Green Park Road Vancouver, B.C. VST 1X8 Name (Maiden Name) • • • • • • (indicate preferred title.Married women note husband's full name.) Address ■ Class Year' oh yes that's the logo they use at on the campus 228-4741 the place where SSOl lM1 stan Iwii Ic. !ke rej l?ha ch mt I en for ha Stic lo Ri Jan Sto Jof ! j IS | la > I as rr ifi C b dJ f[tl fi 1 I 2$ Chronicle/Autumn 1978 ri^mana^MisiiifesmiH .\\)ini' .101111 >n machinery design and manufacture test, mining and construction indus- . member ofthe dean's honor list at the iv of Western Ontario where he has dieted an MBA, Gary G.D. Kaiway, , c on labor relations prior to his ap- 'i as vice-chair of the B.C. labor board Glee D.G. Driedger, BCom'71, ''|p, i is the new manager, industrial rela- * )vv Valley Resource Services, which is ibi ii s;ies Un:\\' just ( f5AS„ , is now working for Esso mineral, (mpc Oil Division....The Acoustic Tele- roeic • Geothermal Heat Flux Probe Model gOA i 'C brainchild of Lawrence L. Lambert. Sc'71, founder of Applied Microsys- teiris, d. in Saanich. The instrument looks like i 'oss between a violin bow and a fivpot mic syringe — only about 20 times larger .' accurately measures the temperature of s.eiK nentary levels in the ocean floor and is jbecorr ,ig an indispensible tool for geophysi- fcists ai.mnd the world. Lambert has created other intricate instrumentation in his small plant Ahich is informally run by electronics enginci i ^> who "design one minute and sweep 'the floor, the next," according to Lambert. "Naiural" is the word Teresa M. Frolek, BHE'72, uses to describe her textile work, {which she showed this spring at Heritage .House in Kamloops. She describes her "in- "scapes" as using "natural materials in natural ^colors, reflecting natural feelings."...With an iappomtment running until 1980, Franziska fM. Knischen Grant, MA'73, is now the director of the art gallery at Acadia University. She '■has in rhe past worked in Vancouver and Ottawa as a language teacher....Susan L. Matti- son, BEd'73, DEDF'77, is now working in 100 ;Mile House as a special class and learning assistance teacher where she works with children with hearing impairments....In 1966, Dennis C. Cherenko, BA'73, was injured playing hockey and was left a paraplegic. Today, after regaining partial control of his upper arms and hands, he is executive director of B.C. Wheelchair Sports where he organizes the various {meets in cooperation with the provincial government and is a coordinator of the various , organizations including the G.F. Strong Rehabilitation Centre and Paraplegics Association Denise Dare, BSN'73 and Karen Mux- ' low* BSN'74 both share the same beat in Maple Ridge — and the same tasks of visiting homes • and schools and holding clinics and follow-ups to ens'ire healthy citizens in the vast area west of Mi -ion.... Timothy E. Mossman, PhD'73, is or, of two, chief investigators in a new laki'j-ory at the University of Alberta design * o study the secrets of the body's defence sysn A biochemist, Mossman has been an assi^ .-it professor in the immunology depart- mei or the past six months, having arrived fror. ie University of Glasgow where he was a Car an Centennial fellow at the institute of bioc mistry. He is a member of the prestigious edical Research Council group dealing with -iimunoregulation.... Patricia Schroeder Jaci >n, BSc'73, has been kept very busy the< ^ast few years. She received an M.A.R. iro Westminster Seminary in 1975 and a i h' . 1977. She is now married and living in Ha^ irn, Australia. •inted to the Pacific Forest Research c« m Saanich, Thomas H. Hail, PhD'74, a ■" urationist, is studying the effects of ^r 11 g and fertilizing of Douglas fir forests in **•<■ 'd the Yukon. A computer expert, he nas> > eloped methods of monitoring and pro- jecting forest growth and development.... Ricnard H. Lemon, BA'74, is manager ofthe Tourism B.C. Vancouver office. He was in Castlegar last June as the instructor of a five day counselling techniques course — a course he is responsible for originating....II- limar Altosaar, PhD'75, is now assistant professor of food chemistry in the newly created program of nutrition in the biochemistry department of the University of Ottawa where he researches new protein foods. After a postdoctoral fellowship at Imperial College in London, England, he was senior research assistant in the research institute ofthe Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario....Last February, the correct answer to a TV quiz show question on the subject of Shakespeare made Barbara Anne Eddy, BA'76, $128,000 richer. The champion of the $128,000 Question, a Global Network production, has spent the time since travelling in Britain and Europe, with five weeks spent seeing Canada. This fall, she has enrolled at McGill University and is working towards the degree of master of library science... .Horticulturist Mamey K. James-Thomson, BSc'76, has been appointed by the B.C. ministry of agriculture to serve the vegetable industry in the interior of the province. Located in the Summerland office, she will work mainly with the vegetable growers in the Okanagan and Kootenay areas.... Serving the dairying areas of Prince George, Bulkley Valley and the Peace River, Thomas E. Nash, BSc'76, is the new dairy specialist at the Prince George office of the British Columbia ministry of agriculture. He will be assisting dairymen and dairy plant managers in the production and processing of quality milk products. One of six Canadian pharmacy students to receive the award, Alicia Poianin, BSc'76, was presented with a cash grant as part of the Warner-Lambert Canada pharmacy research fellowship program. The fellowships are given to pharmacy graduates who continue on for Masters of Pharmacy degrees.... Teaching the introductory course on organic chemistry for the summer session was Robert Perkins, PhD'76, who for the past two years has been on faculty of Memorial University, Corner Brook, Newfoundland....From Terrace, B.C. comes news of Michael P. Collins, MLS'77, who is the new librarian at the Terrace Public Library. He is enthusiastic about the library's forthcoming $175,000 expansion and his new post ....Getting into the job market for Garnet M. Etsell, MSc'77, meant taking a "milker training" program because "the farmer still wants to talk to someone who can milk cows." t >'"»?' ... ,*" ~. ,«r;,i;*« g-K + i xi ' -- - f Pat Parker He now works at Toop's dairy farm in Sardis where he is combining his university training in animal science with his growing practical experience....Patricia Foulkes, BEd-E'77, is teaching at Correlieu Senior Secondary School in Quesnel where she has been "really enjoying my job...watching kids do something physical rather than mental." She has distant plans for a Masters degree after a few more years at Correlieu.... The first woman to hold the position for the Alberta Wheat Pool, Marilyn P. Hynes, BSc'77, was appointed as assistant manager of a Lethbridge elevator in 1977. She now holds the same position in the Pincher Creek Elevator....Lyse Lemieux, BFA'78, is education animateur at the Vancouver Art Gallery. For the past two years she has worked on a secretary of state fellowship teaching French in the monitor program for the Vancouver School Board. Grichton-Ladbury. Colin Crichton, BSc'68, (MSc, Guelph) to Margaret Ladbury, BA'71, August, 1977 in Kamloops....Beynom-Syrett. Peter K. Beynon to Sandy Syrett, BMus'74, March, 1978 in Vancouver. Mr. and Mrs. Gordon L. Davis, BSc'68, (J. Marie Beardmore, BEd'72), a daughter, Karen Mary-Beth, May 4, 1978 in Kelowna....Mr. and Mrs. Stephen J. Dickman, (Veronica Melville, BEd'70), a daughter, Heather Veronica, April 21, 1978 in Madison, Wisconsin....Mr. and Mrs. Robert Duncan, (Verna Ketler, BEd'73), a son, Darren Robert, January 4, 1978 in Victoria....Mr. and Mrs. William N. Duncan, BA'66, a son, Jeffrey Tyler, June 6, 1978 in Kamloops....Mr. and Mrs. William J. Feyer, (J. Joan Smythe, BSW'77), a daughter, Laura Joan, June 9, 1978 in Victoria....Mr. and Mrs. Berad C. Guetschow, BA'67, (Paula Jakobsen, BA'67), a daughter, Heidi Anita, December 3, 1977 in Anchorage,- Alaska....Mr. and Mrs. David Stewart Hill, BSc'71, MSc'73, (Sandra Richards, BSc'71), a son, Graeme David, June 16, 1978 in Kamloops....Mr. and Mrs. Timothy J. Roberts, BA'66, (Janet C. Currie, BA'66, MSW'76), a daughter, Meran Simone, 29 ...Is your personal marketplace. It's a way to reach the more than 70,000 Chronicle readers (about half in Vancouver, the rest in more exotic locales) whether you have a vacation, to offer, a greeting to send, a home to exchange or something to sell — from a book, to a pot of organic honey, to a widgit, almost anything. Send us your ad and we'll find a category. Art Visit the Shieling Gallery, Bowen Island. Paintings, prints and sculptures by Sam Black. Open weekends and daily^July, August, September. Call 112-947-9391 or 261-9691 for directions. Books/Periodicals Crossroads: The world of islam. A colorful new glossy magazine about Islamic countries. Travel; History; Arts; Crafts; Personalities; Cuisine. 12 issues for $12 surface; $20 airmail. Write Joyce En?er (Conroy-Finn, BA'61), P.K. 116 Levent, Istanbul,rTurkey. Lifestyles UBC's Women's Resources Centre: drop- in counselling, referral and life-style planning, Ste. 1, 1144 Robson St. Vancouver, BC (685-3934). Travel Condominium: The Whaler on Kaanapali Beach, Maui. Sleeps 4 or family of 6. Write: Tri-Crest Realty Ltd., 4412-27th Street, Vernon, B.C. Want a Rent-Free Vacation? Write: Holiday Home Exchange, Box 555, Grants, New Mexico, USA 87020. Chronicle fcikssified is a regular quarterly feature. All classified advertisements are deceptbd and positioned at the discretion of the publisher. Acceptance does rifriimply product or service endorsement or support. Rates: $1 per word, !0/w6iid minimum; 10% extra for display; 10% discount for four times insertidh. Telephone numbers and postal codes count as one word. Cheque or money order must accompany copy. Closing date for next issue (Dec. 1) is Nov. 15. Chronicle Classified, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8 (228-3313). Chronicle Classified Order Form This is my message: i am enclosing $_ for. words. (Please make cheques payable to UBC Alumni Association) Please run my ad time(s) in the following issue(s): (Chronicle publishing dates: Dec. 1, March 15, June 15, Sept. 15) Name . : 30 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 ETSSTFI November, 1977 in Vancouver ,' r Mrs. Victor Ryback-Hardy, BASc'7( Gruenwald, BEd'72), a daughter Elizabeth, March 10, 1978 in Ri ....Mr. and Mrs. SaquibKhan, BSc'" Saquib Pasha Wayne, July 6, 1978 i Vancouver....Mr. and Mrs. Jurgen BSc'74, (Dorothy M. Perry, BSc'74), ter, Marlena Emerald, May 3, 1978 i George. Sat hm, ,a* * Nor' ■ h! Prir1 c * Pharic D.I. Honeyman, BSc'21, Man n, h, TSJp( in Lajolla, California. Native of Vancot veij fair1 served in the Seaforth Highlanders md ui''flf$n1 awarded the Military Cross in 1918. One' }$M UBC's first metallurgy students, he was a diru' PJF tor of Anaconda Copper Ltd. and president! f'|in Inspiration Consolidated Copper Co. ii, Animal na. He was named "Man of American Mining iifjq in 1957. Survived by his wife, daughter andu! «§k sisters. [ '^ct Miriam Ellen Cosens Darling, BA'39, Juhl \\L 1978 in Vancouver. For many years an aun' 'ii member of St. Anselm's Anglican Chuich ' is survived by her husband (G. Dudley I ing, BCom'39, past president of the alumi' association, 1953-54), two sons, one daughti and two sisters. Hazel M. Macdonald, BA'49, April, 1978j Huronview, Ontario. After graduating si taught for some years in Ethiopia. A Deacones with the Women's Missionary Society (WMs in Western Canada, she served two terms mil the WMS in Taiwan, one in Kenya and with the Inland Missions. A member of Ki Presbyterian Church in Goderich, Ontario, was the first woman ever to be elected Lo mji Kirk Session of Knox Church. She returned\\fe Goderich in 1972 and was active in Girl Guide! I and Ranger associations. Survived by a sister two nieces and one nephew. Fridtjof A. Frebold, MSc'55, (BSc, Caileton March, 1978 in Ancaster, Ontario. An geologist in Alberta before entering the teacl ing profession, he was a keen conservatiomsi At the time of his death he was head ot geoj raphy at Orchard Park High School, Stone) Creek. Survived by his wife, (Agnes Willfoit Frebold, BA'54), two sons, two daughter* father, brother and three sisters. Robert W.V. Dickerson, BCom'58, LLB'61 (PhD, London), June, 1978 in Vancouver A lawyer, chartered accountant and ecor* jmist he had a national reputation in the fi Ids ol corporate and tax law. Shortly after .in ap pointment as assistant professor of law ? in 1965, he went to Ottawa as a special < Ivisor on taxation to the department of finan e He later directed the drafting of the new Ca sadian Business Corporations Act and was member of the Carter Commission on tr .ation reform. In 1975 he was appointed to thi corn mission studying Canadian corporate cc icent ration, later serving as senior commis1 oner The commission's findings were tal led a month before his death. Survived by h wife and two sons. William J. Mclntyre, MD'63, April, IS cidentally in Quesnel. After graduatinf; from UBC, he spent a year of internship at I ;troit Receiving Hospital, Michigan, and th n re turned to British Columbia where he prc used medicine in Quesnel until his death. Su n\\ by his wife and three children. □ it's the Oiffeffemce ictwcen red and white wii r» b ai ftiere ik lot of fancy talk and one-upmanship ,fl wine !;scussion, but with relatively few fundamental? you can learn enough to hold your fifad up—talk about wines, buy them and serve ;li|m at home with assurance. mnch wines are produced in a wide variety of jlality fend type. Each kind of wine develops a fique character depending on the soil, climate, ijtiety of grape, methods of cultivation and projection 5$jme French wines, owirig to the care given and to their quality, are expensive. Some Hers are very good, but if not well known are }hin everyone's means. Very few of us can af- fd to drink the "great" wines except perhaps very special occasions. However, many fod French wines are available in a wide varie- jof types and prices. )w {or the Questions and Answers: |. How do I shop for wine? I|« Basically there are four wine types: Sparkling, such as Champagne and other wines, Hose, such as Cotes de Provence Rose, Anjou fibse, Bed, such as Burgundy, Bordeaux; White, such as Chablis, Alsace, Sauternes. in Frai'ca, wines are usually listed by their region of origin, such as Alsace or Bordeaux, and a label rr av tell you the bottle is a Riesling from Alsace i his wine is made from the Riesling grape Cher types of grapes such as Pinot Noir, et-Sauvignon are widely used in other wing areas. There are dozens of grape ind many wine producing regions in id we suggest you experiment with find the ones you like best, flection of wines. Keep them in a dark cool closet, and begin with a couple of ^h from the French wine regions of Beaujolais, Burgundy (the English Bourgogne), Loire, Alsace, Cotes du id a bottle of Champagne. Then sub- you can select one, depending on are having for dinner. Store bottles 'y, to keep corks wet and virtually air lellation Controlee" on the label is an of rigid government controls from the the vines to the bottling of the wine. or Cab. grape s variety Frana them £' Start a cellar c bottles Borde< name i Rhon^- saque-- what ., I'onzor tight assura, rJanim A. The juice from grapes is generally colourless. Red wine is made by fermenting the juice with the grape skins, as the colour comes from the skins. White wine comes from fermenting grape juice without skins. Rose (French for "pink") results when the skins are removed from the process when the colour becomes the required pink. Q. What about "vintage" wine? - \\ A. A year of ST exceptional weather when all factors have been especially favourable for grape cultivation is an exceptional vintage year. Weather conditions vary and a great year in Burgundy might be an average year in Bordeaux. Furthermore, wine is a living thing and develops continuously. A wine may be good one year and develop to become exceptional the year after. There are charts issued by the Canadian Council of French Wines that list vintage years for each region, but this is a very complex subject and except for the connoisseur, one is advised to judge each wine on its merits as perceived by personal taste. If it gives you pleasure and you feel it is worth the price, then it is the right wine for you. Q. What wine goes with what food? case the food would overpower the subtle flavour of the wine. So, over the centuries, people who take dining seriously, have developed an approach whereby one uses white wines of delicate bouquet and flavour with foods of delicate flavour such as seafood and fowl. Use hearty red wines with strongly flavoured dishes and meats. Beyond this, there is room for much individual preference, and you should experiment, then use whatever wine you like best no matter what the colour. It may help you to know that some wine experts drink red wine with any kind of food, just because they like red better than white. Q. Is there a "proper" way to serwe wines? White and rose wines cold but not very cold, gnes and sparkling wines quite cold. Most red wines are served Champa- are served are best at the temperature of a cool room (about 60 degrees F. or 15 degrees C.) Light fruity red wines, such as Beaujolais, are the exception, and are served slightly cooled. Uncork red wines an hour before serving to let them "breathe" (except for fruity wines and very old wines). In the last analysis, once again, experiment and serve the wines you like, at the temperature you find most pleasing. Stem glassware was designed to keep your fingerprints off the bowl, so you can enjoy the colour of the wine and your hands won't warm it. A tulip-shaped, colourless, thin glass that holds 8 to 12 ounces is most suitable, but you can use whatever you have. Pour only 2/3 full. Swirl the wine in the glass to bring out the bouquet, and then take your first taste with the For more information on how to serve and enjoy French ^ wines, send this _ '.r,> ' 1 «#£^^ Group of Seven • Canadiana * Appraisals • Restoration 313 Water St. Vancouver, B.C. 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