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skos:note """ y4^Pl ■$*%& ilUBC ALUMNI
Volume 32, Number 3, Autumn 1978
F ;ATURES
« THE FAMILY DOCTOR:
No.Longer an Endangered Species
Eleanor Wachiel
8 THE LEGENDARY GORDON SHRUM
Clive Cocking
12 KID LIT
Is Not Just Child's Play
Geoff Hancock
18 BE IT RESOLVED:
That the Debate Continue
Daphne Gray-Grant
DEPARTMENTS
21 NEWS
25 SPOTLIGHT
30 CHRONICLE CLASSIFIED
EDITOR Susan Jamieson MeLarnon, BA'65
EDSTORIAL ASSISTANT Christopher J. Miller (BA, Queen's)
COVER Peter Lynde
EditoriaS Committee
Dr. Joseph Katz, Chair; Dr. Marcia Boyd, MA'75; Paul Hazell,
BCom'60; Harry- Franklin, BA'49; Geoff Hancock, BFA'73,
MFA'75; Michael W. Hunter, BA'63, LLB'67; Murray McMillan;
Bel Nemetz, BA'35; Lorraine Shore, BA'67; Dr. Ross Stewart,
BA'46, MA'48; Nancy Woo, BA'69.
ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES
Alumni Media: Vancouver (604) 688-6819
Toronto (416) 781-6957
By special arrangement this issue ofthe Chronicle carries as an insert an alumni edition of UBC Reports, the
university administration's campus publication. The
VBC information office has responsibility for the edito-
rial content and production of UBC Reports.
ISSN 004-4999
p'- ' -nod quarterly by the Alumni Association of the University of British
C"' ibia, Vancouver, Canada. The copyright of all contents is registered.
B< -..MESS AND EDITORIAL OFFICES: Cecil Green Park, 6251 Cecil Green
«>ad, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8, (604)-228-3313 SUBSCRIPTIONS: The
ii Chronicle is sent to all alumni of the university. Non-alumni subscriptions
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"ow address with old address label if available, to UBC Alumni Records
>"ecil Green Park Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8.
e_
FU-
' Requested.
Po^dqp paid at the Third Class rate Permit No. 8568 HS-ill
Mt" hokc. His territory becomes more
core defined as his expertise in-
-•. Is the family physician simply left
'o-man's-land? "Or," hazards Dr.
"i Buchan of UBC's campus Com-
" Health Centre family practice
-g unit, "is the family physician do-
:iething unique — something spe-
hat sense of the word — by giving
' primary care?"
is not all for improved professional
there is a real need for this focus.
phen Marion, a second year reside Vancouver General Hospital-
ifai
family practice unit clinic who had decided on F.P. when he started medicine,
thinks family practitioners are not gaining
in prestige. What training does, however,
is better prepare them for office experience. "Regular G.P.s would be frustrated
in practice because patients' complaints
seemed minor and redundant compared
to what they'd seen in the hospital. They
didn't know how to treat them."
Concurring, Buchan states: "The credo
behind F.P. training is if your patients are
going to be vertical, why be taught on
horizontal ones?" An American study
demonstrated that because of the hospital
orientation of an out-patient clinic, 30 per
cent of patients were subjected to tests
and return visits that were unnecessary:
"It is impossible to deliver good care in
a vertically structured system such as our
current hospital outpatient departments
with their specialty clinics. It is impossible to offer good training in the context of
bad service. All the forces at work in our
present hospital ambulatory-care systems
foster poor service. Patients must be seen
as a whole or we can never make the proper connections between their complaints
and their psychosocial conditions."
F.P. training is an idea whose time has
been a long time in coming. In 1944 the
College of Family Physicians (then known
as General Practitioners) of Canada was
formed. "It was the beginning," adds
Buchan, "ofthe drive to elevate the G.P.,
whose status had shrunk because of increased specialization, to being a dog's-
body." Initially, emphasis was on the
post-graduate education of practising
doctors, those who had completed hospital internships and hung up a shingle.
Even today, family practitioners must put
in 100 hours of continuing education ev
ery two years — through journals, tapes,
conferences, courses or whatever — to
retain membership in the college.
"The old G.P. jack-of-all-trades is of
necessity still around in small towns,"
explains Buchan. "A city doctor, however, wouldn't take out an appendix or go
into an intensive care unit of a hospital.
But we can render that special type of
primary care for families. So if we are
doing something special, perhaps we
should teach new doctors to become family physicians."
By the late '60s, the thrust of the College of Family Physicians of Canada was
to create special family practice programs
in conjunction with university medical
schools. The first were in Hamilton and
Calgary, and the idea has spread until now
every Canadian school has one. (Along
with the course, certification examinations were developed for new graduates
and eligible practitioners.)
UBC's family practice unit was established in 1969, but only as a division of
health care and epidemiology within the
Faculty of Medicine. Close to Vancouver
General Hospital to facilitate the movement of medical residents, the unit was
staffed with three family practitioners to
provide post-intern training for medical
students (starting in 1971) and also to
serve as a family practice clinic for the
community. As more resident training
was needed and a child study group program on campus was winding down, two
more family practitioners were plugged in
and the campus unit was expanded to encompass the whole family. (It now serves
primarily students, faculty, staff and their
families, although knowledge of its existence at all is considered quite recherche
in some quarters.) Currently, a third
5 ..;:->'r^i.':...
Alexander Boggie, BA'50, MD'54,
(above, left), coordinator of the VGH
family practice unit consults with Dr. Clyde
Slade, Royal Canadian Legion professor of
family practice and acting head ofthe
department. In Slade's lapel, the Legion
insignia, recognizing that organization's role
in the establishment ofthe UBC family
practice department.... (Below) Jack
Blanchard in the campus community health
centre lab. The list on the blackboard would
indicate this is no ordinary medical office:
lollipops, Spray Kleen, toothpicks,
isopropanol, lunchbags andBandaids.
\\yA.
6 Chronicle I Autumn 1978
centre is being developed at the Shaughnessy Hospital complex.
A separate and full-fledged family practice department in the UBC medical faculty came about only through the energy
of Dr. Clyde Slade and the responsiveness
ofthe Royal Canadian Legion. When the
university senate approved the establishment of an independent F.P. department,
it was contingent on funding. At the time,
Slade read about the Legion's large membership and desire for a new community
role and greater sense of commitment. He
approached them with the family practice
proposal.
A $40,000 grant to fund a chair of family practice, to be provided annually by
the Royal Canadian Legion enabled the
university to set up the department. The
impact of the change in status to that of
department has been significant, felt first
of all in an increased emphasis on family
practice throughout the medical faculty.
A first year undergraduate course is offered and second year students can opt for
a summer elective. Through partial sponsorship by the provincial department of
labor, medical students were working all
across British Columbia in the clinics and
offices of family practitioners. This past
summer 56 out of a class of 80 participated
in the program — an intense and exciting
experience. Students developed confidence and commitment. Jodeen Schlatter, for example, spent two months in
Chetwynd, a "one-horse town," where
she stayed at the doctor's house, accompanied him on calls, and even sold hamburgers at the rodeo.
Not surprisingly, this exposure influences the medical student's career choice.
Over the years, graduating students have
tended to split 50-50; half the fourth year
class electing to become specialists and
half family practitioners. Last year, however, fully 70 per cent opted for family
practice.
While the department's message appears to be percolating down to the medical students, the main thrust ofthe activity remains at the post-graduate level. It is
fl<
VI
r-
to
m
Mo
si
!tr
' w
>"t!
,u
'.S(
centred around the two-year F.P u,
dency program. Competition for ei u\\
keen as the program's cniolment u
mited to 24 doctors. The first year un
lates a rotating internship plus I ,nii
practice experience to enable the re idt,
to obtain a license to practise in B.C l\\
second year allows for selection of a t url
elective and provides greater clinic il i
perience preparatory to the writing >i \\\\
certification exams. The overall pn ^
is designed to demonstrate vividly w uti
expect in an office context. Dr. Al B< ggi,
coordinator of the clinic at VGH eu
phasizes that ambulatory patients - - tl
walking wounded — form the bulk if tl
patient population. "Ninety-five pe _er
of people don't go to hospital. This inn
lates a family practice."
In addition to seeing patients on tha'
feet, residents are exposed to anotht, T
facet of family practice care: the inta!1",'',
disciplinary team. Social worker, pubr 'I
health nurse, pharmacist, clinic nurse air A>?
consultant physiotherapist and nm1 ** ,
ritionist work together with the doctors,)' «
develop a holistic approach to medicine-; f>r
both preventative and curative. Thisi,
partially a consolation prize to the patient m
who see residents come and go every eigh' i
weeks. There are senior supervising!
physicians who provide continuity. Tljjy
post-graduate students in the prograra
add the ingredient almost completely k Q.
in modern medicine: time. Doctors a'L")
encouraged to be slow and methodical^.,
judged on quality of care rather Xhf'H
speed. They call in supplementary heali'»|!
professionals to ensure patients receipt!
detailed relaxation exercises, anti-sti?'*
or anti-smoking or whatever programs ai
needed. J
In terms of training, the gain of thi
kind of experience is the enhanced undeV ?s
standing of the patient's problem!' 4
through informal interaction with i\\ ,i
professional team. Their diverse perspet, f i
tives increase the awareness of the fledj < I
ling family physician ofthe usefulness of '$
related health professionals whether heo ';],
she ultimately works in a clinic setting (M^
not- [ &
Much like the notion ofthe specif ltvo, <<<(
family practice itself, the concept of tl |
comprehensive team for communit' ft(
medicine gained currency in the late W w
although it had been articulated ; ha! ,
century earlier in England. It cam* ir* *.
vogue in Canada in 1972 with the pu iiiti' "\\
tion of the Hastings Report, a fe leralj ,\\
provincial community health centrt pre, ,•<
ject. In addition to having a ran^eo ]
health professionals operating in coi cert c)w,
the report promulgated the idea of. iteg (<(
rating social services with health ca.- e
"The combination of health and oci) *«s
services reflects a growing recognir in1 >
the intimate relationship between th. tu V
service fields. The basic social servic " uffl
should play a dynamic and key rt le i
community education, organizatioi aft
development."
The report further mirrors some 11 tin
^ jt" sm and cooperative spirit ofthe '60s.
M in testimony to that, the coordinator
c{ ACH, an East Vancouver community nic, observed that the best source of
C( -iitted doctors are the drop-outs of
th 60s.) "The Committee feels that
cc 'iunity health centres should allow
fl, ile and innovative uses of manpower
w, 'i will, by concentration of patient's
pi ems, offer more comprehensive care
to opie. We feel that decision making
m, be shared and many functions real-
Io L>d. Health professions as a whole
she • !d use the resources of other people in
the ommunity (clergy, teachers, youth
-Iwo' ers, police) and the general public
themselves," continued the report.
"i be practical results for British Col-
uml>ia were four Community Human Resources and Health Centres established
between 1974 and 1976 primarily to provide satisfactory health care where previously there was none. The clinics were
better able to attract and keep their staff
than the usually operative 'free market'
system. So centres were set up in the
Queen Charlotte Islands, the mining
community of Granisle, in Houston, a
mill town, and in James Bay, an older
neighborhood of Victoria. Their three
main objectives were: community involvement (attained formally through an
elected board of 10 to 15 members and
informally through volunteers), integration of services and emphasis on prevention.
Two years later, an audit committee
was formed to evaluate the performance
of the centres for the provincial government. This report, submitted February
28, 1977, was wholly favorable. In cost-
benefit terms, it noted a major potential
br slowing the escalation of health care
costs by the reduction of hospital and
ursing home costs (50 per cent of the
1971 provincial ministry of health's total
udget). In addition, it found a wider
range of accessible services available to
the community, a greater public
awareness and emphasis on health, a bet-
er understanding and appreciation
amongst health professionals of related
disciplines, and so on.
Th* centres will be evaluated again in
>tl>r<.' ^ears, but meanwhile no new ones
iart -,mg planned, despite the audit
c°r ''ittee's recommendation that
,"fu ■ -n centres should be developed in
rf\\ ,se to identified social and health
ser ..s needs in a community: The govern at should actively encourage commit 'es to adopt such centres for the
re-> j of more efficient and cost effective
caif A good idea apparently but not yet
ri'v v, becoming the standard.
>- although the solo practice doctor
^ ^appearing species, few family
Pl» "ins will actually operate in a large,
IR i ■ sciplinary clinic. If the goal of the
'at practice program is to prepare
spf >sts for the conditions they will in
*a<: -ounter, is this an instance of mis-
d! < t on of effort? For while the UBC
units are not a model for these public
clinics since the university's primary
function is teaching, they certainly do
provide exposure to community health resources. The answer seems to be that the
program is just following its own consistent logic: for it is usually argued that one
of the main obstacles in the road of increasingly integrated services is resistance
on the part of doctors themselves. An Ontario study, for example, revealed that
medical educators are much more prepared than community physicians to have
allied health professionals do paramedical
tasks like counselling, taking histories
and dealing with routine problems. Ontario F.P.s saw their assistants' role more
in terms of office administration and
paper work.
Currently the same situation exists in
B.C. It is borne out by the small number
of community clinics operating in an urban context, and by a diminishing
number of real group practices. Doctors,
keen for their independence, will work in
association with other practitioners to
share overhead costs and cover night calls,
but not in an integrated operation.
A notable exception is the large East
Vancouver community clinic, REACH,
whose staff of 23 (one of the doctors is a
graduate ofthe UBC F.P. residency program) is funded through the UBC department of pediatrics, the B.C. Medical Services Plan, the income generated by its
practising dentists, and (approximately
55 per cent) by a grant from the B.C.
ministry of health. It provides especially
effective service for multi-problem patients in a setting where team effort is
taken seriously. About 35 per cent ofthe
patient load is handled by the two nurse
practitioners. The pharmacist, situated
strategically near the centre ofthe medical
consulting area, has significant input into
treatment. She knows her patients as well
as their prescribing physician does.
REACH was started to give pediatrics
some roots in the community; new shoots
were added with the department of family
practice.
However slow in coming to fruition, all
these trends are heartening in that they
mark a return to concern for the whole
patient. With that goal in view, the New
York Symposium was so bold as to
suggest that all specialists first receive
family practice training so that they learn
how to treat patients, not diseases, and the
complete patient at that.
Of course Dr. Boggie maintains that
family practice has always been a specialty
— there've always been family doctors —
but only now is it becoming recognized as
a distinct discipline by other doctors. "As
other specialists become even more
specialized, there's a greater need for the
whole picture, for the constant and continuing thread of medicine in people's
lives," that family practice offers.□
Eleanor Wachtel is a Vancouver freelance
writer and broadcaster.
■ .* ■ , -.-:■> ~-y.
One ofthe varied health care professionals
associated with the UBC clinic, Adele
Jenkins, prepares an injection for a patient
in her allergy clinic. ■.V-;'
■ , ,.■•' -i.-./f '^-'wlf
"> *'. * ''**"-,,' ■'
i_" r i
i i
1 7->, nora n
8 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 :i t '"• /.;•;-* ** y .
■y \\\\t?-i?y&^ w:u
^4^4: It -
H --^
■~t
Clive Cocking
r. Gordon Shrum is restless. He
I swivels around in his chair and
looks down through the glass walls
of his 17th floor corner office across Robson and Hornby at his latest project, the
new provincial courthouse-office complex. People are strolling across the
plazas, lolling in the sunshine by the reflecting pools and dining under umbrellas
at the sunken open-air restaurants. Under
the bubbles there, beneath Robson
Street, he says, the ice rink is just about
finished. And along Hornby, hidden by
trees, many of the low-profile offices are
already occupied and functioning. To the
south, only the six storeys of terraced
courtrooms remain to be completed and
they will be finished next year — and with
them, Shrum's job as project coordinator.
But Gordon Merritt Shrum, at 82, feels
far from finished. Nor does he look it:
there is no stoop to the towering frame,
the handshake is firm, the voice still
booms out at you and the wit is as quick as
ever. When I phoned for an interview on
his jam-packed career, he quipped: "Why
don't we wait till closer to the end — I'm
just getting going." Indeed, the man is
still looking ahead to the next challenge.
His name has recently been touted as project coordinator for Vancouver's proposed new waterfront convention centre
and, yes, he would love to take on that job
next. "I have no interest in retiring," he
says simply. That, ironically, from a
former physicist who has done more since
he was forced to take compulsory "retirement" from UBC at 65 than the vast
majority of people do in an entire lifetime.
The rangy, craggy, colorful persona of
Dr. Gordon Shrum has been such a fixture on the public landscape of British
Columbia for so long and he has appeared
in so many guises that it has been easy to
overlook the importance of his contribution. Here we see Shrum, the fixer, after
the war swiftly and mysteriously relocating
dozens of military huts onto the UBC
campus, enabling the university to accommodate thousands of returning veterans. There he is in B.C. Hydro hardhat at
the controls of a bulldozer, the dam-
builder, starting construction of the massive Peace River power project. Here a
picture of the university-builder, Shrum
in the chancellor's robes at the official
opening of Simon Fraser University, the
"instant" university whose construction
he pushed through in an amazing 18
months. Now he appears as the provocative public speaker telling school trustees
that "stay-ins" have become a bigger
problem to education than "drop-outs,"
arguing for schooling to be compulsory
only up to Grade 8.
Then it's Shrum the environmentalists'
antagonist, publicly drinking a glass of
defoliant to try to demonstrate the
harmlessness of B.C. Hydro's powerline
clearing program. Next it's Shrum the
"management super-star," the director of
the Centennial Museum-Planetarium
successfully turning the complex from a
loser into a popular and financial success.... How can such a career be summed
up?
"Anything you could say about him
would be too little," says UBC president
emeritus Dr. Norman MacKenzie, who
particularly recalls Shrum's contribution
to the postwar transformation of the university. "He was one ofthe most loyal and
efficient colleagues I ever had and about
the best expediter I could imagine. If
something should be done or had to be
done I'd call Gordon in and we'd discuss
it. If he said it was feasible and agreed to
take it on, I could go off with an easy
conscience and know that it had been taken care of."
MacKenzie indeed used to refer to
Shrum, during those hectic postwar
years, as his "chief expediter." Later, the
former premier, W.A.C. Bennett, was to
rely on Shrum to perform much the same
role on a bigger stage. Dr. Gordon
Shram, in fact, has for many years been
British Columbia's "chief expediter." As
such he has left his imprint — and he's not
finished yet — not only on our universities, but on the province as a whole.
Gordon Shrum was born on a farm near
Smithviile, Ontario, on January 14,1896.
He went to high school in Hamilton where
the boy across the aisle was Lester B.
Pearson. "I used to reach across and pull
him out of his seat when the teacher
wasn't looking," Shrum recalls. They
both went on to Victoria College, University of Toronto, where he remembered
Pearson as a good scholar and athlete and
a young man in a hurry, but "I never
expected him to be prime minister."
The First World War interrupted
Shrum's studies at the end of third year.
He was sent overseas with the Canadian
Artillery and was wounded at Paschen-
dale, catching a piece of shrapnel near the
bridge ofthe nose. Returning to the U. of
T., he became a more serious, hardworking student and graduated with a
first-class bachelor of science in'physics.
He considered graduate work but instead
went to work for an abattoir, the forerunner of Canada Packers, disliking it
thoroughly; then he went on to teach at a
private school, which he disliked even
more. One day he ran into one of his old
professors, Dr. John McLennan, who
was engaged in trying to liquefy helium,
and who told Shrum he was just the man
he wanted to help him run his helium
9 plant. ("You were in the artillery, weren't
you? You wouldn't be afraid of explosions
then, would you?") McLennan offered to
match his current income of $1,800 a year
and give him an MA: Shrum took it in
what turned out to be a watershed decision in his life.
After a couple of years work (and a few
minor explosions) they succeeded, beating a better-equipped American team, to
become the second in the world to liquefy
helium in 1923 (the Dutch had done it
first in 1908). It was a necessary first step
to set up a cryogenic lab so as to get into
low temperature physics research. Shrum
stayed on, doing research in low temperatures and spectroscopy, and got his PhD.
Then, while helping Dr. McLennan
during a year of post-doctorate work,
Shrum began to look for the explanation
of the Aurora Green Line that exists 100
kilometers up in the atmosphere. In the
spring of 1924 a Prof. Vegard of Norway
announced he had reproduced the green
line, attributing it to specks of frozen nitrogen. This gave him the incentive of
proving the distinguished professor
wrong: Shrum had done the same experiments without result. But he got no
further, took a job with Corning Glass
(which he loathed), then gladly came back
at Dr. McLennan's request when they
couldn't get the low temperature plant to
work.
Eventually Shrum began a new series of
experiments, reproducing the conditions
of the upper sky in a 50-foot long discharge tube. "I was pretty sure it was due
to helium, because there's nothing else up
there," Shrum recalls. The line proved
stubbornly elusive. Then one day, while
McLennan was away, Shrum began the
experiment again, looked in and suddenly
there was the Aurora Green Line. But
when McLennan came back, excited to
see the discovery, he couldn't reproduce
the line: for two frustrating weeks he
failed.
"I was just about going off my rocker,"
Shrum remembers. "I did everything I
could think of, increased the purifying
equipment and rebuilt it, but nothing
worked. So finally — this sounds odd — I
thought there's only one thing left to do:
I'll go home, go to bed at the same time
the night before I saw it, I'll get up at the
same time, go to work at the same time,
I'll start the experiment at the same time
and see if I get it. So I did this and I looked
in the spectroscope and there was the
line."
Shrum knew immediately that it was
not due to pure helium as he had thought.
Since he had not had time to purify the
helium the green line was obviously due to
the impurity. "It was the stuff that I was
excluding that was keeping me from seeing it," he said. "Within days we found
out it was due to oxygen and there was no
question then that Vegard was wrong."
It was 1925, Shrum was 29 years old
and he had just made a major scientific
achievement in explaining the Aurora
10 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
Green Line. But the triumph was soured
when his erstwhile mentor, Dr. McLennan, who was not short of ego, did not
include Shrum's name on the first notice
of the discovery sent to Nature. This was
the clincher that persuaded Shrum to accept an offer to come to UBC.
After a 17-day trip in a Modei-T Ford,
Shrum arrived just in time for the relocation ofthe UBC campus from Fairview to
Point Grey. Colleagues had warned him
he would ruin his career by coming to
such a scientific backwater, but the young
physics professor found it to be "a delightful place." The head of his department,
Dr. Hebb, was "the reverse of McLennan, the most unselfish man I ever ran
across," and the president, Dr. L.S.
Klinck, was equally admirable. "He was
the sort of man who if he had an appointment to speak to the Student Christian
Movement or some other small group and
the lieutenant-governor came along and
there was a party for him, Dr. Klinck
would send someone else to represent the
university because he had an appointment." Although initially intending to
stay only one year, Shrum decided put
down his academic roots at UBC.
There was indeed no hope of pursuing a
research career at UBC then — with a
teaching load of 14 hours a week — although Shrum, working nights and
weekends, did succeed in doing some research but "nothing of earth-shaking importance." Instead, he threw himself into
teaching and later administration. Over
the years he became noted as a very demanding but stimulating teacher.
Dr. George Volkoff, dean of science,
who took freshman physics from Shrum
in 1930 and ultimately succeeded him as
head of physics, attributes his decision to
become a physicist to the influence and
prodding of Shrum.
"He was then as he is now, full of enthusiasm," says Volkoff. "His class was
full of his big voice and cheerful personality. He did all kinds of experiments on the
front bench, he gargled liquid air, he
breathed helium and did all sorts of tricks.
Generally speaking, his class was not able
to go to sleep at any time."
It was in 1937 when Shrum first discovered for himself, and began to demonstrate, his wizardry in administration
when he was appointed director of extension. The extension department had been
started with a Rockefeller Foundation
grant and the first director had left after
spending all the money and accomplishing nothing.
"When he took over extension he did a
marvellous job," recalls Dr. Fred Soward, a long-time colleague who was
Shrum's associate dean of graduate
studies in the '50s. "Gordon saw new possibilities for extension, whether it was
working with fishermen or with Dorothy
Somerset and Ken Caple in amateur
drama in the Okanagan."
Shrum succeeded in wheedling $40,000
from the two senior governments and in
expanding the work of extension. Ar onp
other things, the department launcr J,
Radio Farm Forum, a series of radio alki
on fine arts, a rural adult education j r0g
ram and a course in cooperatives v\\ nch
led to formation of B.C.'s first credi un'
ion: the North Arm Fraser Credit U non
which now has assets of about $15 mi) «on[
By the time he stepped down in 1 >53 i
UBC's extension department had bee )int,
one of the best in Canada. j
But it was during the Second U )ild|
War and the years immediately after that1,
Shrum really emerged as UBC's "< hief|
expediter." One of the first indicat ons^
occurred when Shrum, then heao off
physics, received a request from Ot awt
for UBC's help in training radar tec'iml
cians. He went to the acting presi lent
who said the university could haadle *
about 30; Shrum, who "didn't think that ^
was making much of a contribution te the
0
war effort," wired back that they'd cak\\ <1
150 students. As always, money was short i
so Shrum and a colleague went to Seattle
and scrounged two truckioads of radio
sets from department stores and used the
parts to make "bread boards;" the equip
ment budget was used to build a frame1
addition onto the physics building. The'
experience convinced Shrum ("we pro
duced the top students in Canada") what
could be accomplished with temporary
structures.
Another ofthe hats he wore at that time
was that of Lt.-Col. G.M. Shrum, commanding officer of the UBC contingent of,'
the Canadian Officers Training Corps. He
faced a familiar problem: no facilities for
training. Shrum's solution was a scheme
whereby the men would "voluntarily"
waive their army pay and contribute it to
building the Armouries. But the "voluntary" plan had a Catch-22.
It seems the army recognized 1,200
men as the full-strength complement at
UBC, but there were 1,800 men taking
training. So in Shrum's scheme, those lining up in Column A, agreeing to waive
pay, got paid — that is, UBC got the
Armouries (or "Shrumeries," as thev
were called). But those stingy 400-odd
men who lined up in Column B, wanting
to keep their pay, discovered at the end of
the line there was no pay: they v/ere
beyond the recognized establishment
"They got all they were entitled 10,"
Shrum chuckles, "which was nothing."
Gordon Shrum's role in bringing the
huts to accommodate the returning \\ ete-j p
rans after the war is now legendary. T^ere' ^
was some pressure on campus then tt di-^ ^
vide up the Armouries for this puq ose' jj
but Shrum, then in charge of hous ng,; 'fj,
would have none of it. He discoverei he| $
could do more for less by buying and ir ov-
ing onto campus some army huts from the
Endowment Lands; soon he was brin£ ing
in hundreds from all over. He bough an
entire camp at Tofino and paid a tear 1 of jj
students to go over there, dismantle th m,, ,
and ship them across on barges. On o ca-( dj
sion there wasn't time to-proceed thro igb '&\\
31 L..7L - channels.
ere were some nice ones in North
jP iver up the side of the mountain,"
■;-,,, : remembers, smiling. "No one
,,>en i to know who owned them, so I
j,!(j em moved down to the campus: I
jioi it we could find out later who
,nuv them. Well, the City of North
v'an, iver were debating whether they
-hot buy these huts or not and this went
on ( two or three months in council,
nil,' they decided to buy them and
v,en. P there to get them: there wasn't a
thin* here."
B- he mid-'50s the "chief expediter"
seen' .! omnipresent on campus. Shrum
<,vas! 'i.ding down three full-time jobs —
head ! physics, director of extension and
touni ing director of the B.C. Research
Cour. il — as well as being on 33 committees. :n 1958 he agreed to head a Royal
Com;mission on financing the then private
B.C. Power Commission, which had become locked in a messy public squabble
viith W.A.C. Bennett's Social Credit government.
. The two sides had agreed that a debt
owed the province would be converted
i'nto bonds. The dispute ultimately was
over the rate of return on the bonds. Bennett wanted three and a half per cent, the
Commission offered three per cent. "All I
did, I'm ashamed to say," said Shrum,
"was to split the difference between them
and make it three and a quarter per cent.
And both sides claimed they won."
' Bennett was pleased. This led to Shrum
being appointed head of the B.C. Energy
Board and being thrown the heavily political question of recommending whether to
Build the Peace River or the Columbia
River power projects. Two British consulting firms were given the job of analyzing which would be cheaper and in the
spring of 1961 Shrum went to the U.K. to
get the answer. It came down on the side
of what opposition politicians and the
newspapers had been saying: the Peace
project would be more expensive.
"So I was worried about this; one night
Ididn't sleep at all," recalls Shrum. "I was
afraid to come back to B.C. and tell Bennett that the result of my investigation was
ihat the opposition was right."
• On further discussions, it emerged that
the key element was the cost ofthe money
tor the massive projects. The consultants
'-vere'. Iculating that the Columbia would
be g<. ernment-financed and that the
Peace vould be privately-financed, by
Wenr: -Gren and B.C. Electric, and in-
evital ■ more expensive. Shrum then had
&e Ce1: ulations done on the basis of both
bem^ -.overnment-financed: the cost of
ihe tv ■ projects then came out virtually
equai $_t as fellow commissioner Hugh
foe: : yside was determinedly pro-
--.olir, tui
pre.
did
hrc.i
|jaii
Whi
idly
'!erti.
;ng.
' S!! Peking? The newer children's books
ure Cj '.ite different from those published
jn tb:. first half of the 20th century. Instead of describing childhood as a time of
jiostak;ia and happiness, the new chil-
fiien's books insist that children's reading
bhould reflect the reality around them.
nstead of talking choo-choo trains, teddy
oears, fairies and Snow White, we get
jilums, ghettoes, wars and drunks lying on
tjidewalks. In other words, a world exactly
like the one we live in.
Sounds glum? Perhaps it is. Certainly,
'at UBC, the 25,000 volume children's
Jbook collection, or "j-books" (based on
'library call letters) is taken very seriously.
-Children's books are no longer considered
ifrivolous and passing amusements, but a
'serious genre contributing significantly to
[our understanding of literature and society.
j Sheila Egoff, professor in the school of
/,librarianship, and responsible for the
• purchase of most of the titles, said UBC
•has a children's book collection for many
, reasons. "Most emphatically," she says,
~'!"This is a teaching collection used by students taking such courses a's English 318
'.(children's literature), or Education 341
[(methodology of teaching literature to
.children), or any ofthe six courses in children's literature taught by the school of
'[librarianship. At UBC, children's literature is an integral part ofthe curriculum."
"r Yes, she admits a cluster of profound
'changes have affected children's writing.
jA cartoon in Egoff s office illustrates one
.change. The comic character says, "I've
"abandoned my search for the truth and am
now looking for a good fantasy."
Sheila Egoff insists the outstanding
writers of children's fantasy in UBC's collection, like Alan Garner, Susan Cooper,
-Jill Payton-Walsh and Ursula Le Guin,
.would put current novelists to shame.
"Children's literature will save the novel,"
she says.
Th? problem for children's literature
lies ir the realistic direction, Egoff says.
. The ' aumas of childhood are dealt with
as never before. The unusual child, the
oven/, :ight child, the loner, the distressed , the handicapped, even the terminally
Jl) ax new subjects in children's books.
'In Nohody Asked Me If I Wanted A Baby
Sister the young protagonist decides to
.give ;i vay his cute and adorable sibling.
where Is Daddy? goes a long way beyond
Little Women in depicting the single parent home. Books like Too Bad About the
' . • ' '
1 * , - '
-
/
-
t '/•
il
|^1^. . ^
Haines Girl (an abortion story) and You
Would If You Loved Me (adolescent sex)
venture into areas that Prince Charming
and Sleeping Beauty never considered.
Egoff admits that some of the changes
are not for the better. Too many recent
popular books read like TV scripts and
erode the literary values she thinks crucial. Without hesitation she launches into
a long diatribe against what she calls 'the
American Problem Novel for Children.'
"There's been a decline in reading
standards since the rise of the problem
novel. Worse, it's what children prefer to
read. It deals with adult problems —
drugs, sex, alcoholism — but on a simple
level. The subject matter has changed; the
style has dropped.
"The American problem novel has certainly given children more freedom, but
has set up, what shall I say? Interdict-
ments. Social behavior is taken as the lowest common denominator. Taken to the
point of illiteracy, I might add. It's sweeping the country. It's as pervasive as le Coca
Cola. These topics flatter kids, make
them feel adult. It's part ofthe idea today
that it's the kid's right to know.
"I'm not against openness, but against
bad writing, against sensationalism,
against the easy conclusion. Problem
novels are too short. And 99 per cent of
them are in the first person. They present
the thoughts of kids of 10 or 11 or early
teens. The loss ofthe omniscient narrator
means the loss of the varied look at the
world. Only one viewpoint. It's what I call
pseudo-existentialist literature."
She sighs. "To educate or to entertain.
We're back in the Age of Didacticism.
Charlotte Yonge was a well-known
Victorian writer of children's literature, one
of the first to write children's historical
novels-1888.
Everyone thinks the problems of kids can
be solved if they read the right books.
Why do we have books about single parents? It's what the adult world wants
children to see."
Egoff says children's books have their
own conventions, characteristics and
.styles. "You can look at a whole cross
section of literary history. There's a high
correlation in theme, subject, style and
values among books that were deliberately written for children, such as George
Mac Donald's The Princess Books and
books taken over by children, such as
Tolkien's The Hobbit, or Robinson Crusoe,
13 or even Star Wars and some of William
Blake's poetry. They take over books that
have the same quality as books written for
them. I'll take back my theory if I find
that kids have taken over William Faulkner."
Assistant professor Susan Wood
teaches a popular "kiddylit" course,
English 318. With up to 300 students in
six sections, the course is exceeded in
popularity only by Canadian literature
and Shakespeare, Wood says. She added
that instructors are "falling all over each
other" to teach the course which draws
connections between children's literature
and the adult cultural tradition in Canadian and English literature.
"It's not just a service course for potential librarians, but a serious field of literary study," Wood says. "As for the children's book collection at UBC, I'm impressed by its historical range. It's up to date
on contemporary material and is very
strong in the 19th century."
Wood refers frequently to the collection. Earlier this year, for example, she
was researching the children's works of
Catherine Parr Traill (1802-1899). Traill,
whose sister Susannah Moodie wrote the
Canadian classic Roughing it in the Bush,
wrote a series of critically important
works. Wood says: "Her purpose, in
books like Canadian Crusoes, Lady Mary
and Her Nurse, or, A Peep into the Forests,
and Cot and Cradle, was to instruct children about Canada. What image of
Canada did these children get?" Lady
Mary finds out from her nurse, for instance, a great deal about squirrels, Canadian rice, otters, and Indians. Then Lady
Mary asks to be left alone to play with her
doll.
As Sheila Egoff points out in her own
book The Republic of Childhood: a critical
guide to Children's Literature in English
(Oxford University Press), generally regarded as the standard work in its field,
such historical works reveal more than
content and style. "They show what
Replicas ofthe Horn-Book - 1897.
Canada and Canadians are like, what values we respect, how we look at ourselves
and our past. Just as Alice in Wonderland
tells us much about Victorian England, so
children's books in Canada reflect many
of the forces in our own society; it is a
reflection in miniature, of course, but accurate and indicative."
The children's book collection is
housed in three areas at UBC. The main
library has at least 15,000 titles, mostly
fiction; special collections has approximately 2,000 titles; and the curriculum
lab in the faculty of education has another
8,500 titles, mostly non-fiction and picture books according to librarian Pat
Dunn, and is used by students in the
school library program and the elementary education program. The books are
primarily American, British and Canadian (though the Canadian tradition of
children's books is really still in its infancy, less than 30 years old), and works in
translation. But the collection is by no
means complete.
Egoff: "No special collection is ever
complete. We're just beginners. Though
we're the best in Western Canada, we're
babes in the woods compared to the 30-
year old Osbourne Collection."
The Osbourne Collection of Early
Children's Books in the Toronto Public
Library is one ofthe half dozen most famous in the world (along with the Rosen-
bach collection in Philadelphia, the
Pierpont-Morgan Library in New York
City, the Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C. and London's British
Library, formerly the British Museum).
With nearly 10,000 titles, Egoff guessed,
plus Lillian H. Smith's collection of 20th
century first editions, plus the new Boy's
and Girl's House at the Toronto Public
Library (where Egoff worked 10 years as
librarian), UBC's collection appears pint
size.
But she springs to its defense. "In terms
of Canadian universities we haye an extremely good collection. It's regularized
according to good library practices and it's
right up there on the fifth floor or in the
From Tom Thumb, by Kane O'Hara,
illustrated by George Cruikshank - 1830
14 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
curriculum lab. With the exception of
special collections, the books are available
to all."
Too available, she might have added,
She seethes with an unapologetic slow
burn when she thinks about excessive parent borrowing which sometimes reaches
epidemic proportions. The Osbourne
Collection is for research purposes only
and has no lending privileges. Also, Egoff
says, the Osbourne Collection is not connected with the University of Toronto,
but with the Toronto Public Library, several blocks away.
"Unfortunately, in Vancouver, the resources of public libraries are limited,
"Egoff says. "Certainly the public libraries have newer books. But students
can't always be expected to travel 12 miles
to town. For students writing research
papers, it's our job to supply the books."
Topics in children's literature are
weighty. In one class they write on "Facing the Reality of Death in Children's Literature"; in another, on "Growing Old in
the Literature ofthe Young". Researchers
might concentrate on "The Image of
Women in Children's Literature" or
"Minority Groups as Portrayed in Children's Literature" or ecology, or sex or
family relationships. Researchers m ght
compare and contrast some pretty c >nv
prehensive information on plot, my hs,
archetypes and the patterns of fairy t des
in children's stories and Chaucei or
•Shakespeare's A Midsummer Nig it's
Dream. And somebody else is out tl ere
comparing a number of authors with n a
similar genre, say first books for chili ren
or serials like the Nancy Drew books
There is no difference between c nl-
dren's books and any other area of lit< ra
ture, say the experts, and for them, th sis J
se
th
E^
ce
re,
$k
ce
bu
tu
an
Be
(!'
Man
4sn
>M
Jde
* wi
"SCO serious business. Through the centuries,
Egoff says, children's books have marked
the changes and patterns of social history.
"There is no clearer way of establishing
social patterns than by looking at what
society does for its children. It's so loud
and clear. First, children's books are the
most thorough piece of social history.
And second, they represent the development of publishing history. In the Victorian Age, around the 1880s there were
more children's books published than in
any genre outside the novel. And even
today, the publishing of children's books
outweighs any other type of literature.
The social and religious history, the picture of the Industrial Revolution as portrayed in children's books is fantastic."
Remember Oliver Twist?
UBC's Children's Collection is strong in
Victorian "toybooks", soft covered, illustrated children's books selling for a few
pennies. The best examples, such,as the
works of Kate Greenaway, Randolph
Caldecott and Walter Crane, reflect not
only the advances in color-printing
techniques (the London printer Edmund
Evans developed a full color printing process in 1872 that heralded the advance of
jjUthe modern picture book), but also the
■At changing emphasis in juvenile leisure
j| reading. Obviously, text, pictures and de-
y sign have changed considerably in the
).
Ev.in the seemingly less controversial
j \\ area of children's design opens up a massive ;hapter in the study of children's
\\'boo3>;. Though a good design has been
.^described as "background music in tune
*4with the words", puzzled parents have
-complained that picture books do not en-
1
courage their children to read. Those of a
Mc-Luhanesque bent will no doubt argue
this is a visual time we live in, and we most
naturally respond to the image. Even so,
some bad designs have been compared to
"chilled lime gelatine, garnished with bits
of pimento, nestling in a few leaves of
lettuce and tenderly resting on nothing."
UBC's collection is a recent addition to
the library. Egoff says it started in 1962
with a few hundred books sent over from
the old Victoria College of Education.
"The books landed in the main library. In
January, 1962, I was hired to teach children's literature. After one look at what I
had to work with, I thought I'd throw
myself off the Lion's Gate Bridge! Somehow I got together $2,000 and worked late
at night filling in order cards. Then the
library put the collection on its regular
budget. With the development of the
school of librarianship, the setting up of
children's literature courses was recognized and became a full part ofthe university community."
She emphasized all the new titles are
purchased. She does not encourage publisher donations — "Publishers have to be
supported too" — and she donates her
own complimentary copies to the library.
The budget is small. "Only $1,500 a
year and that's squeezed," she says. At an
average price of $12 a book, plus the
squeeze, that means only 150 or so books a
year can be purchased out of the 6,000
titles published internationally in English
in children's books. The exact figure is
difficult to ascertain because there is a
nebulous area of adolescent books. Are
An original Battledoor, a method of
teaching the alphabet-circa 1810.
young teen's books still children's books?
No one knows for sure. Since the early
1950s as well, over 150,000 children's titles in English have been published, considerably complicating a librarian's day.
As for private donations, well, although
Egoff doesn't discourage gifts, she is discriminating. "We prefer first editions,
specially illustrated and rare books only.
We want a library with prestige," she
says. She checks out potential gifts carefully in the trade catalogues, noting author, illustrator and date of publication. If
the gift book is valuable, a receipt is provided for income tax deductions. "And
query first," she adds.
Though you can forget handing over
your children's Golden Books with the
chewed corners and crayoned pages, UBC
has received substantial donations in the
past. Major donors include the Colbeck
19th century collection of belles-lettres
which has some first editions of early children's books. The special collection began
in 1963 with the acquisition of some 200
duplicate books purchased from the Free
Library of Philadelphia. This was named
the Aubrey Malin-Barbra Edmunds
Memorial Collection in honor of two UBC
librarians who died tragically that year.
In a seldom used corner of the library's
seventh floor special collections is the
Alice in Wonderland collection. A gift of
the graduating class of 1925 in 1965 to
commemorate both their 40th anniversary and the centenary of Alice's publication in London, the collection includes
about 600 volumes. Though curator Anne
Yandle describes this modestly as "the
start of a collection", fans of Carrolliana
would find many hot items to enthuse
them. There's A/ice in Wonderland in first,
! m r Iflk ' early, and limited editions. There's Alice
in Hindi, Italian, and Latin. Various
other Alices are in song script and accompanied by recordings from the Walt Disney production. You can see Alice as illustrated by John Tenniel, or 80 other illustrators, including the surrealist painter
Salvador Dali in a magnificent $400 limited edition with 13 loose sheets. Or you
can settle back with the two volume Limited Editions Club set signed by Alice
Hargreaves, the original Alice. Anything
else you'd care to know about Alice?
There are several parodies, mostly bad,
like Alice in Bennettland andMalice in Kul-
turland, as well as several autograph letters of Tenniel, biographies of Lewis Carroll and other aspects of his writing for
children.
But the area Sheila Egoff is interested in
building up strongly is the early 20th century up to World War II, a period that has
not been studied to any great extent. This
area of the children's collection was significantly enlarged in 1976 with the
splendid gift from Stanley, (BA'25,
DLitt'76), and Rose Arkley of about 750
books, including the works of Louisa May
Alcott, Margaret Sidney and Frances
Hodgson Burnett. The Arkleys also gave
a large sum of money to purchase key
books for the collection. Egoff emphasizes that books will be bought individually, not in bulk and that quality is
her main concern.
"But all financial contributions are certainly welcome," Egoff says with a grin.
Within the coming year she will embark
on a fund raising campaign to produce a
major catalogue of the Arkley books as
well as the whole of the children's collection with both a chronological list of the
holdings and an introduction on the history of children's literature.
If the spicy little shockers of today's
children's books-are too much to handle,
nearly three centuries of diversified children's books are among the 2,000 titles
stashed away in the air conditioned vaults
ofthe special collections division. You can
return to happiness and innocence and the
best of all possible worlds with a 1780
edition of The History of Little Goody Two
Shoes, supposedly authored by Oliver
Goldsmith. And there's pleasure and delight in an 1800 edition of Cinderella, or,
the Little Glass Slipper or an 1840 hieroglyph Bible.
But the bulk of special collections is
19th and early 20th century. Pull that
"blanket of primal innocence" back over
your shoulders with first editions of
Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island,
Mark Twain's Tom Sawyer, Beatrix Potter's The Tailor of Gloucester or Charles
Kingsley's The Heroes of Greek Fairy Tales
for children (in vellum bindings, no less).
There are also fragile Victorian paperbacks and periodicals and 3-D panorama
books protected in plastic bags. Special
collections also has Walter Crane's original water colors for Jack, the Giant Killer
(1865). If you're not tired of houseclean-
16 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
ing by now, there's still original manuscripts by Roderick Haig-Brown and
Christie Harris, as well as primers, preceptors, readers, chapbooks, one-syllable
books and fabulous histories laden with
morality such as Sandford and Merton, a
best seller for over 100 years. And if that
isn't enough, in another room are 2,000
early Canadian textbooks, for those 19th
A COLLECTION
■iglr li
■;'Icl 'C\\~ ;"-
i
Ti'in. .C-sVy <•"; ?"..i, ■.;'.* 'V. "Jmf*
yriWiCi
J. Kcidica, jSrkc, Colli-i..*:-!;
A Kendrew-York Chap Book, for children's
pleasure reading-circa 1820.
century children who preferred their
algebra and geography to imaginative
story telling.
Special collections is arranged
chronologically, from the early 18th century to the present, with several
cardboard boxes of uncatalogued material. By comparison, the main holdings
are organized by a special Library of Congress classification which keeps similar
books together. For example, the 15 versions of The Tales of King Arthur all huddle
together. Fiction is alphabetical by author
and non-fiction follows the regular Library of Congress classifications.
Naturally, such arrangements lead to
some criticisms. Susan Wood says the collection could be improved. "It needs to be
more accessible instead of being physically split in three locations. It's poorly
situated and hard to find. The cataloguing
seems jumbled. Though not many people
will read children's books in Japanese or
Russian, there are still not enough non-
English or French books. I also wish the
collection had more space. Or better, a
room of its own."
Egoff agrees: "Yes, we certainly need a
new room in the main library for the collection. But worse than poor quarters are
the intellectual gaps in the collection. A
staff can cope with poor quarters. What's
worse is not having the money or the staff
to fill in the gaps."
To fill in those intellectual gaps,'Egoff
has firm guidelines for quality control.
She does not consider children's books a
sideline of literature and says a childi en\\
book should be judged by the same ijg
literary standards as one would juigc!
say, Leo Tolstoy, who in fact, w-oui
books for children. Indeed, Egoff eclA
that since reading is so important and-
since children lack the experience to jt dgj
a book, it is crucial that their books bj
subjected to even closer review anc a<
sessment.
Susan.Wood adds: "A good child;en'*;
book is good for the same reasons as amr
book. It illustrates a human problem. TheJ/'
only difference is that a children's hooll,
places less emphasis on social precon ;ep
tions." She has very simple criteria: fo-„
evaluating a book. "Did I, .as a hu;.nars»T
being, enjoy reading it?" I*
Wood also says that despite the pi olit' "I
eration of realistic and contemporary',*■
problem novels, the fastest growing ares'"
of interest for North American children j \\
(and their parents) is fantasy writing. No.; *
does this mean Peter Panning the kidst 'Jt
away to Never-never Land. In England I'.1;
Wood says, good children's books aref^.
seriously reviewed along with adult books''.<
in the Times Literary Supplement. Irli""'3
Britain there is less of a split betweer
fantasy and reality, a split denied in North ,,$?.
America. "Writers in North America''•*■
worked in the historical romance ana
realistic traditions. Also, North America
Protestant society denied fantasy since it
meant, in effect, telling large lies.
So the coin has turned. The adults are
reading fantasy; the kids are reading
realistic prose. Ursula Le Guin defined ar
adult as someone who has come to terms ■*£
with the child in him or herself. Simone de %s
Beauvoir in A Woman Destroyed said an ^
adult is a child puffed with age and tha' ^
somewhere beneath the layers of educa- i^
tion and experience is the emotional cli %!
mate of childhood. All these changing at- ;5|
titudes towards childhood and childier £.j
are reflected in the UBC children's collec- 'il
tion. £p
%
\\%
"B
"Unfortunately," Egoff says, "modern
society has lost its clear cut vision of what
child is. So we've lost our vision of what ^ff1
children's literature should be. For the
first time the child is victim."
But after 18 years of working with the
UBC children's collection, Sheila Egofl
has not lost hope. Who decides if a bookii
good or bad? With writers, publishers,
reviewers, booksellers, librarians
teachers and parents, children seem to be
at the bottom ofthe decision-making oio-
cess.
"Not so," says Professor Egoff, laughing. "If there's one thing I'm sure of, you ■ f
can't make a child read a book he or she
doesn't want to. They know what he\\ _
like. The child is not at the bottom. Ve| ,
may sound like bullies, but the child still JT- •'
has the last word." f
If those are the kind of words we v/an'jj -
to hear. □ | ^
Geoff Hancock, BFA'73, MFA'75, "' *'
editor of the Canadian Fiction Magazin
/ as a supplement to the UBC Alumni
by Information Service®, University
[c., 2075 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C.
*1W5. No. 7, Autumn, 197®. Jim Banham,
t.
What's UBC .doing
ahoyt the
energy crisis?
Quite a bit, as a matter of fact
This issye of UBC Reports
describes some of the research
and ideas of
UBC faculty
members on
the topic.
2\\r
>!/i
Starting/bn Page 2 is an
overview!©f the world
energy/crisis by a top
UBClscientist.
Wood waste's
as an energy
source have
been studied
at UBC.
y v
See Page 5
ignoring principles that would »
make^^^biuiidings more
energy/^^xefficient
And thenjhere's wind power
(Page 7), methane as an
energy source (Page 13),
a new. type of Samp inwented
at UBC (Page 13), and
electrical power from the sun
(Page 10).
:\\
/And a UBC commerce experH
says_/^*s*K^a,*\\Canada faces
profound
changes
as a result
of the
energy crisis.
See Page 14. i3<
.mo
t©
tike
rt
Prof. Philip G. Hill joined she r
UBC faculty in 1976 aiad became
head of the Department of
Mechanical Engineering in the
Faculty of Applied Science on June
30 of this year. He is the author of
Power Generation, a book on the
resources, hazards, technology and
costs of power generation published
by the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology Press in _1977. UBC
Reports interviewed him recently
on the problems and possibilities
associated with the world energy
crisis.
UBC REPORTS: What do we
mean when we talk about a world
energy crisis and what has caused
it?
PROF. HILL: The fundamental
problem centres on oil and the fact
that about 50 per cent of the western
world's energy needs are provided by
oil. Today's predictions are that by
the late 1980s the supply-and-
demand situation for oil will be so far
out of whack that even a 50 per cent
price increase will not be sufficient to
bring the two factors into balance.
Some people, I think unwisely, remain optimistic about adding un-
proven oil deposits to the already
proven reserves.
UBC REPORTS: Where does
Canada fit into the world picture?
' PROF.- HILL: In the last five
years there's been a tremendous
change in the Canadian supply-and-
demand picture. The earlier, optimistic estimates of oil reserves have
been replaced by some pretty
pessimistic figures. The supply situation isn't too dark over the next ten
years, but it's now generally agreed
that we'll have a serious oil shortage
by the late 1980s or early 1990s. And
this is predicated on the maximum
use of new sources such' as the.
Athabaska tar sands, northern oil
and even unproven off-shore oil.
On both a world-wide and a Canadian basis, we know we can't go on as
we are. There's not much to be optimistic about when the subject is oil
and it's going to call for a major
readjustment in our thinking and our
technology.
UBC REPORTS: Are there
serious problems involved in switching from one energy source to another?
PROF. HILL: Indeed there are.
energy cm
needed to develop the new techi
gy and to ensure that the eartii
mains a fit place on which to live,
UBC REPORTS: Is there a
reason why the western
wasn't working on fhese p:
3© years ago?
PROF. HILL: As long as
Middle East oil was available in
quantities, serious innovation
discouraged. The petroleum shi
age has driven prices up to a po
where the development of substiti
forms of energy has become
live.
UBC REPORTS: What are
PROF. HILL: There's bo
doubt' that heroic measures
will 'be needed to develop the
new technology to cope with
the energy crisis and to ensure
that earth remains a fit place
on which to live.
One of the major problems is time...
time to develop the technology that
will allow us to make use of some
other fuel. The problem is multiplied
when you consider that other kinds of
fuel, gas .for instance, are also in.
short supply.
One1 of the biggest problems is the
massive capital investment and the
need for trained manpower to effect
the changeover. And then there's the<
problem of minimizing environmental damage, real or imagined.
All these factors add to the time, it
takes to make the switch. There's no
doubt that heroic measures will be
aw
p
most promising long-range all u
natives? j i
PROF. HILL: Well, there ii h«
pretty wide range of alternati lis
available to us — coal and the p j&
duction of synthetic fuels from tl e
source, nuclear energy, and in tllns
province, hog fuel and wood
Other, more unconvention
methods such as wind, geotfiern oe
and solar energy, are capable "h<
making contributions on a sir, 11
scale in special situations. he
I think it's worth pointing out 1
that there really is no shortage
energy all around us. The enei
that strikes the B.C. coastline in!
form of wave power is equivalent
perhaps ten times the electricity!
need in this province. Wind pen
could also solve all our electric
problems theoretically.
The point is that this energy exi
in a dispersed form. And what ma
people fail to grasp is the enormo
cost of gathering up this disperi
energy, not just in capital terms, l
also in environmental terms ... tj
structures, the roads,., the ii
terference with the environment a
the general clutter that would rest
on the coastlines and in the foral
not to mention the human hazard
making the vast quantities
materials required.
That's why nuclear energy must
considered as an immediate solutii
— its energy is concentrated and t
technology to make immediate use
it is available.
This is not to say that unconve
tional power sources won't be usel
in special situations. There are sol
encouraging things happening in t
field of wind-generated power ai
solar energy has a substantial" futu
as a source of heat in homes.
UBC REPORTS: The criticsf
nuclear power claim that the
9/f me. It mm* :i ©
11 be combinations of ideas
.. ..ith it are such that it
to be abandoned as a viable
ive source o£ energy.
)F. HILL: I think you have to
: that question from a number
erent points of view.
: first is to consider the genera -
power by well-designed and
erated reactors bn the basis of
concepts, such as is the case
,e CANDU or American light-
■ reactors.
think there are grounds for
ranee that the risks are not undu-
igh in the case of these reactors.
plants that house them have a
' record of safe operation and no
iber of the public has been in-
d by an accident in them,
here's also an increasingly
listicated art of examining the
lability of hazards and while
e are no absolute guarantees
nst accidents, it appears that the
i are small compared to other
ards such as earthquakes and tor-
resource,
here are other risks associated
i nuclear power — the problem
safe disposal of spent fuel from
ventional reactors, and the radia-
hazard associated with the
rocessing of wastes to recover
tonium, which might become an
lortant source of fuel,
to the question of plutonium
rocessing there's no doubt that
minute emissions from
rocessing plants could be hazar-
s. We're certainly aware that any
»s toward large-scale reprocessing
ild have to be accompanied by
trances that there were adequate
miques for minimizing radiation
We're.not yet in a position to
that the risks are so great that we
uldn't try to solve the problem.
£uch the same can be said
iut the problem of disposal of
from nuclear power plants. A
of research and development is
ded — we're doing some work in
field at UBC — and there are no
unds for concluding it can't be
fed.
to return to the point I made
lier — you can afford to spend
y substantial sums on research
i development of this kind, and on
urity to ensure that the risk of
otage and terrorism is minimized,
:ause of the immense value of the
ctrical power generated by
=lear plants.
Jne other thing — the generation
by nuclear means depends
on a non-renewable
uranium. We have adequate supplies
to last us with the CANDU concept
until well into the next century. Even
though 90 per cent of the uranium
mined in Canada in the past year or
two has been for export, our supplies
are definitely not unlimited. However,
the problem isn't as acute for Canada
as it is for the Europeans, for example, who are pressing on with the
development of the breeder reactor
because of its ability to magnify the
use of limited uranium resources.
UBC' REPORTS: Is society investing adequate fends to solve the
energy crisis?
PROF. HILL: I think there's
pretty general agreement that the
rate of spending, on research and
development is inadequate. On the
other hand, you can't just throw
money at the problem and expect it
to be solved.
In addition to money, you need
brain power and collaboration.
Mechanisms for collaboration have
to be set up and lurking in the
background is the political problem
in the sense that people have to be
aware of the seriousness of the problem before they're willing to back
substantial expenditures for research.
I suspect we'll be mired pretty
deeply in the problem before it's
realized how much needs to be spent
getting out of it.
UBC REPORTS:, Assuming substantial sums were available, how
would you spend it?
PROF. HILL: Well, I wouldn't
put all my eggs in one basket. There's
no single answer to the energy crisis
and solutions will be combinations of
many ideas from many different sectors.
The problems are both scientific'
and technological. If you want to explore the possibilities of fusion as a
source of power, there is a decided
need for more basic science. At the
technological level, many promising
alternative forms are in the pilot-
testing stage now, but large-scale
capital investment will be necessary
to determine whether they are viable
on a large scale before they will have
much impact on the national energy
scene.
UBC REPORTS: Will energy
conservation programs have amy.
impact?
PROF. HILL: It seems clear that
energy demand is going to continue
to grow despite all reasonable at
tempts to curb it through conservation. Even if energy growth rates in
Canada were cut down from 5 per
cent a year to 3 per cent, that still implies a doubling of total energy demand over the next 25 years. And
zero energy growth just seems out of
the question.
The areas where energy conservation seem most promising appear to
be in. space heating, transportation
and industrial processing. But just to
consider the problems involved in
space heating ... there are tremendous time lags in retrofitting old
houses or replacing them with more
efficient and better insulated houses.
One reason for the time lag is the
long payback time, which may be 25
to 30 years for retrofitting an old
house to make it more energy efficient.
In the final analysis, I really don't
think the government envisages a
drastic reduction in energy consumption as the result of conservation.
UBC REPORTS: Are you optimistic that man will be able to solve
his energy problems and live in a
world where we can expect to maintain our present standard o£ living
and where Third World countries
can expect to reach western standards?
PROF. HILL: The Third World
presents some special problems
because of their present, dependence
on petroleum, which has become
almost impossibly expensive. Unfortunately, substitute fossil fuels are no
less expensive. And coal could be terribly hard on the environment. The
pressure to opt for nuclear power in.
Third World countries has to be very
high.
But as to the larger question.. .barring a third world war, there seems to
be no clear case for concluding that
worldwide energy consumption per
capita could not be brought up to
present-day North American levels,
even though this would mean a
20-fold increase in total consumption.
Climate factors do not appear to
rule it out, nor do there seem to be
any inherent limitations in
technology in terms of maintaining
emission levels tolerable to human
health. •! don't mean to imply that
there aren't areas of concern, and ignorance. But I see no reason for
despair or concluding that we have to
go back to an 18th-century economy
to survive.
UBC Reoons/3 Nuclear power is probably the
world's most controversial source of
energy because of two nagging questions:
• Are there adequate safeguards
to prevent the spread of radioactivity
in the event of a reactor accident?;
and
• What are we going to do with
the highly radioactive waste produced at nuclear power plants?
Research on both these questions is
going on in UBC's Faculty of Applied
Science, supported by grants from a ■
•number of sources, including the National Research Council and a grant
being negotiated with the Atomic
Energy Control Board.
The leaders of the research team,
which includes four graduate
students and a research engineer, are
Prof. Philip Hill, head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering (see
interview on Page 2), and Dr. Ed
Hauptmann, an associate professor
in the same department.
Canada currently has six nuclear
reactors. Two of them — Ontario
Hydro's Pickering and Bruce stations
— provided 27 per cent of Ontario's
electrical energy in 1977. By the year
2000 an estimated 80 reactors could
be built to supply 25 per cent of
Canada's total energy needs.
The generation of nuclear power
in Canada is based on the homegrown CANDU concept, which produces heat by splitting atoms of
uranium in a controlled chain reaction. The resulting steam spins turbines to produce electricity, and the
cost is low because only a little of the
uranium fuel is used. In recent years
Canada has been marketing the
CANDU reactor abroad.
"Nuclear power is becoming more
and more important as a source of
energy, both in Canada and
abroad," says Prof. Hill. "So it's very
important that we solve a number of
problems associated with reactor
safety and the disposal of wastes.
Canada's national and international
welfare depends on it.".
The heart of a nuclear reactor is a
huge vessel called a calandria, which
houses the'uranium fuel and a large
number of coolant tubes, each of
which is pressurized separately.
Failure of the coolant could lead to
melting of the fuel and its surrounding structure and the dispersion of
radioactivity.
"CANDU reactors already have a
number of built-in safety features
and they're built to very rigid specifications and high standards," says
Prof. Hill, "so the possibility of
failure is remote.
The
nagging
questions
of
nuclear
power
Yictar Lee, right* is project
engineer and Alan Steeves one
of four graduate students involved in' research on the safety of nuclear reactors in UBC's
Faculty of Applied Science.
"We're working on a numbe^
heat flow and transfer problem,' '
order to understand possible if+^
functions so that better cot,^*
mechanisms can be developed ai/-*"*
we can arrive at a better underst&'f
ing of overall failure possibilities.!'
One of the problems being imkil
gated by the UBC team deals
cooling the fuel core in the event |
short, sudden coolant failure Ic
to a rise in core temperature,
such a case, protective measures!
to come into play very quickly,"
Prof. Hill.
"An alternative supply of
has to be available on a rush
The questions we're concerned ■
are whether it can get there in i
to preserve the integrity of the:
and what the mechanisms of
transfer and flow are."
The research team is also
at the consequences of a bi
one of the pressure tubes that
the coolant. "It's conceivable
crack in a pressure tube could'.
sudden reactor failure, which
affect other tubes and cause
fail. These are low proba
events, but they are conceh
We're doing experimental
mathematical work on all
mechanisms," says Prof. Hill.
Spent fuel from nuclear reac
now kept in water pools under t
nuclear plants, where radioactiv
carefully monitored and
particles removed by filters
mechanisms.
"Sometime in the 1980s, the
fuel is going to have to be
ported away from the plant and ]
ed in intermediate or perrm
storage," says Prof. Hill. "?—<
is currently transported in
heavy cannisters that are "lis
lead and filled with liquid
We're concerned with substit
gas for liquid as a cooling
the transport flasks, because
doesn't transport heat nearly as i
as liquids."
Prof. Hill believes it will be a
time before permanent disposal]
spent fuel will be resorted to.
energy locked up in the spent
the equivalent of many millior
barrels of oil and in time there willf
tremendous economic incentive
reprocess the spent fuel so it c
used again safely in nuclear
tors."
4/TTnr. r
I fill
Sj^f
f - {
,s\\
gvery day, B.C.'s forest industry
erates tons of wood wastes, or hog
the forests it takes the form of
i, the litter of chips and broken
iches that results from the tree-
resting process.
|t lumber mills and pulp and
jer plants it takes the form of bark
sawdust. It's estimated that 30
cent of all raw material that
phes B.C. lumber and pulp and
jer mills ends up as waste.
wne pulp and paper mills already
" hog fuel to provide steam and
Itncal energy for their manufac-
Pg processes. And there are in-
pmg pressures on the industry to
|ome more self-sufficient by
iertaking additional hog-fuel pro-
> UBC research team has been us-
gthe computer to take a long, hard
at the economics of using wood
wastes as an energy source in B.C.'s
pulp and paper industry.
A 13 -month study by economics.
professor John Helliwell and research
associate Alan Cox shows that:
• The pulp and paper industry
can soften the*lmpact of rising energy
prices if it utilizes hog fuel as an
energy source;
• Use of wood wastes to produce
steam and electricity provides the attractive possibility of large reductions
in the use of natural gas and fuel oil
plus a lowering of the average costs of
producing electricity in the future;
and
• The industry could contribute
electrical power to the B.C. Hydro
power grid if it installs efficient wood
waste-burning equipment and
boilers with higher pressure
There
why the
wastes as an enerj
« reasons
1 use of wood
source is such a
good . idea at this time, Prof.
Helliwell says.
"First, there are large and growing
surpluses of wood wastes throughout
the industry and, second, the forest
industry is faced with increasing logging costs due to provincial regulations requiring the utilization of
lower-quality wood. These increasing
costs could be recovered through the
use of this "close-utilization wood' in
energy production."
It doesn't take any great leap of
imagination to reach the conclusion
that conversion of waste into energy,
seen in conjunction with the rising
costs and prices of oil and gas — the
two main sources of energy purchased by the industry — may seem a
profitable avenue for investment for
the forest industry.
B.C.'s 19 largest pulp and paper
Continued on Page 6 WOOB WASTES
Continued from Page 5.
mills use 42 per cent of the natural
gas and 85 per cent of the heavy fuel
oil consumed by industry and purchase about 16 per cent of the electricity purchased by all B.C.
customers from B.C. Hydro.
Thus, greater utilization of hog
fuel means substantial reductions in
the use of gas and oil, plus a lowering
of electricity costs. It's not surprising
that many mills are now planning or
undertaking new or expanded hog-
fuel projects.
But wait...wait...wait. The researchers warn governments anxious to
pour money into such projects to
speed up conversion to hog fuel that
there are some difficulties that have
to be faced.
Difficulty No. 1: Some natural gas
distribution companies rely heavily
oh their forest industry customers,
and conversion by pulp and paper
mills to hog fuel would impose large
financial losses on the companies and
higher rates on its other customers.
This is because pipelines have certain fixed costs that have to be shared
by everyone on the line. Take the
pulp mills out of the system and
everyone pays more.
Another complication, says Prof.
Helliwell, is that B.C. has an excess
supply of natural gas and there may
be an inclination to encourage low-
priced, and therefore wasteful, uses
in B.C. rather than increasing exports or simply putting a cap on the
wells.
Difficulty No. 2: Suppliers of power to industry don't like to buy electricity from their customers for a
variety of psychological and institutional reasons. "In addition," says
Prof. Helliwell, "B.C. Hydro has,
like many other North American
utilities, been over-building in recent
years and finds it has more and more
excess generating capacity.
Support needed
"So Hydro is not very receptive to
the idea of purchasing power from
the forest industry and is inclined to
maintain rate structures that
discourage the forest companies from
generating their own power."
Only if Hydro can count on major,
high-value exports of energy during
this period of excess supply is there
hope of consistency ■ in Hydro's increased generating capacity and additional hog fuel projects.
"It's clear," says Prof. Helliwell,
"that effective and efficient progress
.towards the fuller use of wood wastes
for electrical generation requires the
S/UBC Reports
ungrudging support of B.C. Hydro
Itself."
Let's look for a moment at that
section of the research study that
deals with the overall economic consequences of using wood wastes as an
energy source.
Item: It would cost the pulp and
paper industry $124 million in 1978
dollars to convert all remaining oil-
using mills to hog fuel burners to
produce process heat.
Cut Consumption
This would cut B.C. oil consumption by 11,000 barrels a day and annual oil imports by $55 million at a
landed price of $15 a barrel.
Item: Adding or increasing the
scale of hog-fuel burners at all 9 of
the gas-burning mills would involve
capital costs of about $125 million at
1978 prices.
This would reduce gas consumption'by about 56 million cubic feet a
day. The export value of this gas, at
today's prices, is about $60 million a
year.
Item: The conversion of all boilers
at oil-burning .mills to higher-
pressure boilers and installation of
back-pressure turbines would add
about 215 megawatts of capacity to
the B.C. power system. Doing the
same thing at gas-burning mills
would add 233 megawatts to the
B.C. system.
Thus, the total additional capacity
would be about 448 "megawatts,
about 10.5 per cent of B.C. Hydro's
peak, one-hour demand of 4,258
megawatts in the 1976-77 fiscal year.
The annual energy output from
both gas- and oil-burning mills —
about 3,381 million kilowatts — is 40
per cent of Hydro's 1976-77 industrial sales and almost 14 per cent
of Hydro's total sales in B.C. in the
same year.
The hog fuel projects, Prof.
Helliwell adds, generally Involve
more direct employment and much
less capital than comparable hydroelectric projects, and probably use
less labor and capital than large,
coal-fired thermal projects such as
that proposed at Hat Creek near'
Kamloops.
The study then, carried out with
the co-operation of B.C.'s 19 major
pulp and paper mills, which supplied
data for the computerized project,
shows there is a very large potential
for the economic use of wood wastes
to replace fossil fuels and to generate
electricity in the industry.
"The firms undertaking the projects," says Prof. Helliwell, "will not
see themselves applying the concepts
of the conserves society but as mak
ing investments to cut costs and !""*"
get rid of wastes.
"That is as it should be," he aj' •
"for such projects are the most seq <;
foundation for a conserver society,.' i
The Helliwell-Cox study is onetC/.W*0
series of on-going computer projelfi.'-civl
being undertaken by Prof. Hellivn ?»lfustl
who is part of a 10-member groi '^ ' ''
natural-resource economists wc
under an $806,000 grant from
Canada Council.
Regarded as a pioneer in
development of economic comr
modelling, Prof. Helliwell was <
this year awarded the $1,000
Jacob Biely Research Prize by
for distinguished research carried«|
over the past three years.
He says the advent of
powerful computing systems overtj
past decade have enabled mc
experts to co-ordinate and
large bodies of data and pr
better factual basis for de
making than in the past.
"There's always the possibility,"
says, "that results from comj
models will be treated as unques
ed truths. I've been arguing
there has to be better exposure of ti
underlying principles, facts and i
so it's clear to people who makei
decisions as well as the
public.
"On the other hand, I'm justj
concerned that some people arei
clined to reject the results
because they come from comj:
models."
Compress results
Computer modelling is already]
major factor in decision-making,
says, and its power to infli
policy will become greater in
future. "The danger is that there
be an explosion of information
quantitative sort that will deaden t
sensitivity of those who are
to act on the basis of such
tion."
He says the next step for:
experts is to improve their ability I
compress results to make data
models more comprehensible,
standable, testable and useful.
Prof. Helliwell takes is
however, with those who claim *as ]
computer is some sort of p<
that will solve all society's proble
"There's a danger that it will
as many problems as it will,
such as giving rise to confusion
ambiguities where none need exi
"On the simplest level, anyone i
has trouble trying to sort
mistakes and confusions conne
with computerized billings will
familiar with this aspect of the prt^
Hem."
it fmd as a source of energy is as old
civilization. But with advancing
Cstrialization, it fell from favor.
Iy in recent years with the rise in
ILy costs has interest in wind
irgy grown.
the windmills of Holland are
irist attractions that turn no- more.
„ the windmills of our memories
longer spin on homestead farms.
Canada is in the forefront of wind-
|l research, especially as it applies
a new type of windmill.
Jhe windmill on old farms had a
fizontal shaft or axis. In the Nasal Research Council laboratories
Jttawa, a wind turbine has been
|eloped with a vertical axis.
The blades are attached to each
1 of the shaft and curve out, much
blades on an egg beater. The
IC researcher who developed the
windmill graduated in mechani-
J engineering from UBC.
Ilt's a simple and light windmill
ft avoids many of the problems of
old windmill design," said Dr.
S. Gartshore of UBC's Depart-
pit of Mechanical Engineering.
fit will turn regardless of the
lection of the wind, whereas the
rizorital-axis machine must be
led into the wind by a weather
fck.
J'And the heavy generator can be
Ithe bottom of the vertical shaft in-
iad of up in the air at the top of the
jver as is the case with the old type
| windmill. This means that the
ver doesn't have to be as heavy and
iesses in the structure are much
t. Gartshore said vertical axis
idmills are sold in Canada. Larger
•sions of the windmill are more ef-
jient than smaller models.
|"The blade shapes now used for
big windmill may not be ap-
•priate in smaller versions.' The
.pe could be changed for peak efflawy in the small ones. This is a
search project we would like to
fdertake."
[Dr. Gartshore has a small model of
new Canadian windmill which is
d for teaching undergraduate
dents in UBC's Faculty of Applied
lence. He can't be sure that the
id will be blowing when demon-
'ations are scheduled. So the model
^mounted in one of UBC's many
?find tunnels which can simulate
i|tiirai conditions.
m"I think the Canadian model has a
ffod future, especially for remote
«||es where you have to carry wind-
Mils in. They're relatively easy to put
up. There's one working, 1 understand, floating around on pack ice in
the Arctic, sending back weather
data using power that it generates
Itself.
"On the coast here, we have some
of the windiest spots in Canada.
Many of these places — the Queen
Charlotte Islands, the west coast of
Vancouver island — are isolated. It's
difficult to get diesel fuel to them."
Dr. Gartshore emphasized that
wind energy isn't as efficient as many
other sources, if other sources are
available. But in many remote areas,
windmills are a natural and sometimes only choice
A. '•"'is^M^liL
Another possible application is to
make up for the loss of energy from
transmission lines from hydroelectric
plants. Energy is lost from the lines
during transmission. The longer the
lines, the greater the loss.
"The lines go through very high
country where wind velocities are
high. And the country is usually very
rough. It's possible to make up some
of the energy loss by having wind-
energy stations all along the route.
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Things will
get worse
before they
get better
Only when the so-called "energy
crisis" of the 1970s becomes even
more critical will society begin to
make use of known scientific and
technical principles to make
buildings more energy efficient.
This is the view of Prof. Paul
Wisnicki, of UBC's School of Architecture, who says the economics of
a wasteful, neo-capitalistic society is
the chief barrier to the implementation of design methods for conserving
energy :' i buildings.
AnJ i ciety shouldn't go around
blaming architects for the inefficient
use of energy, he says, because they
only reflect the real or implied values
of the society they live in.
Prof. Wisnicki and model of ideal energy-saving building.
Ever since primitive man crjbfjei
into a cave to shelter from the '*"'
the rain and the heat, he's
cerned with what Prof. Wisni
"modification of the
teraction" with his en
which he means that bull
simply devices for modifying
terior environment to com'
climate.
"Once man's initial need to
and be comfortable in bull
satisfied, it was followed by m
tions of a stylistic nature that
the spirit and mood of society,
says. "The finest expression
Middle Ages, for instance,
Gothic cathedral, which
great deal, including c
pride, strongly held religious
and the fact that the church
ed much of the material reso
medieval society."-
When real capitalism
the scene at the time of the hi
revolution, there was an in
use capital efficiently in o;
create more goods and services. I
"Today," says Prof. Wisnicki,
are in what' I call a neo-ca' '
situation. We have an excess
and services...we waste energy
ducing goods and services
don't really need or want.,
have to wear out quickly to be
ed. The problem is that if v
truly an energy-conserving
would have a far greater
ment problem and associated
problems would be infinitely
than they are at present —■
change radically our sense of
No Incentives
As long as society had a p
supply of cheap energy there
incentives to pay attention, to
scientific principles that would
buildings more energy effi
says.
"This attitude has
the so-called 'international'
architecture," says Prof. Wisni'
style that can be seen in
northern cities, even though
are obviously radical diff
climate in both situations."
The finest flowering of the
he says, is a slender glass box,
8/UBC Reports sy.i.^
xu regarded with pride in a
aunity, just as the Gothic
■ dial was in the middle ages.
«since most of these structures
Occupied or built by banks and
! corporations, they reflect the
hat these institutions control
of the material resources of
aporary society, just as the
did in medieval times.
lermal inertia
fact is that glass-faced
are incredibly inefficient in
of energy use, says Prof.
u, because they heat up and
quickly without the benefit
icing the daily and seasonal
lux by the building's " thermal
ial inertia simply means that
>ric Of the building has the
to absorb and retain heat and
.. it slowly when needed.
glass-faced buildings lack-
i, their interiors have to be
by large numbers of
jr-using devices.
>ther of the "energetic
s" ignored by contem-
architecture is the orientation
to take advantage of the
amounts of solar energy
the earth from all direc-
the shape of buildings to this
[of neglect. "Tall buildings are
inefficient in terms of
consumption," says Prof.
"because the amount of
with the exterior environ-
proportion to the volume is
remedy — build more cube-
i, squat buildings, which use
* far more efficiently.
neglected area centres on
_ als used in buildings, says
I Wisnicki. Our forbears, he
1 heavy, natural materials in
ion — masonry, for in-
which is basically rock. Con-
[basically sand and gravel, is
"' anporary replacement of
brick and can be used for
energy-saving objectives,
' its structural aspects.
_ constructed with heavy
s have a high thermal inertia
and are therefore not subject to wild
temperature fluctuations and the
need for interior modifying devices
that gobble up energy is reduced.
Light insulating materials, often
synthetic, serve a useful purpose by
preventing heat flow, but offer no
thermal storage. And the fabric of
the energy-efficient building needs
both qualities.
The differences of various climates
are not often adequately considered
in planning buildings, says Prof.
Wisnicki. "In eastern Canada or on
the Prairies, there is a need for
materials with high thermal inertia
because of wide daily temperature
changes. Here on the West Coast the
architect has a wider range of
materials to .consider because our
climate is moderate and temperatures fluctuate within a narrower
range."
Poor building design can also
create a demand for large amounts
of energy in order to keep interiors
liveable in summer. "Air conditioning is nonsense in a properly designed
building in Vancouver," says Prof.
Wisnicki. "But very often poor
design in terms of size, shape and
orientation, improper placement of
windows and a lack of cross ventilation actually creates a need for it."
The sophisticated machinery that.
moderates building interiors has, until very recently, been rather poor in
terms of conserving energy. "Here
the question of cost-benefit ratio
comes into play," says Prof.
Wisnicki. "The question that
bedevils those faced with conversion
centres on how quickly the cost of
conversion will pay for itself through
savings in energy."
Tools exist
The point Prof. Wisnicki emphasizes is that all the scientific and
technical tools to make buildings
more energy efficient already exist.
"They are the basic and well known
principles of thermodynamics and
heat exchange and the industry's
ability to produce the necessary tools.
We need to arrange these principles
in a form that will serve as a recipe
for building design and the engineering of heating and cooling systems."
Old habits die hard, however.
"The principles involved in the international style of architecture are
deeply ingrained," he says, "and I'm
inclined to think some real crisis, far
more urgent than the one we have today, 'will have to come before we are
prepared to do some hard thinking
about this problem.
"In a well-intentioned, justified,
but perhaps somewhat naive way,
President Carter has been trying to
move people in this direction in the
United States. But there are powerful
lobbies in Washington with vested interests in high energy consumption
and so far Congress has frustrated his
efforts."
And what is the ideal building
shape from the energy-saving point
of view?
Fullers dome
"The sphere, or Buckminster
Fuller's geodesic dome, which is a
half sphere," says Prof. Wisnicki.
But, he adds, no one would build a
spherical house, because not all the
space inside such a structure is usable
and there are circulation and planning difficulties.
"People will say it is nonsense to
build a spherical house, and they
may be right. But very often, progress starts with apparent oversimplifications, almost symbolic things.
Fuller's geodesic dome hasn't caught
on as a building form, but it has a
powerful hold on the human imagination.
"One has to start from a premise
and move on to the complex Interactions of differing objectives and constraints until a solution is arrived at
that reflects all these factors. It is
Fuller's way of thinking that has
made him such a powerful influence.
His basic idea has set people's imaginations to work. A solution may
yet emerge from the oversimplification of the geodesic dome."
The best hope for. the future may
lie in the students in schools of architecture and engineering, Prof.
Wisnicki believes. "If you want to
change attitudes, you have to instil a
sense of mission into students, who
are very receptive to idealism. We
have plenty of knowledge. The crisis
is whether we choose to use it."
UBC Reports/9 Dr. David Pulfrey holds
diode, heart of electricity-
producing solar cells, made in
his laboratory In UBC's
Department of Electrical
Engineering,
s
'''' '*
Sunlight.
In just 15 minutes enough of It
reaches the earth's surface to satisfy
our total energy consumption from
all power sources for an entire year.
But there are many problems involved in harnessing this ever-lasting,
non-polluting power source and converting it Into electricity.
One solution to that problem —
the photovoltaic or solar cell — is
already in existence and will become
an Increasingly important component ie the total spectrum of
methods of producing energy ie the
future.
f, *, r- • -,, *•* , •■ ; v ; , ;i '- ,t '„
£ s'
,f' •; l : ? <■<■>>' \\7 3„"t..
- » * i' t!, -■; ' s-C'.'' ' ""
/
The solar cell was originally
developed in the early 1950s to provide power for U.S. and Russian
spacecraft. Almost all the satellites
circling the earth today are powered
by such cells.
UBC's expert on fhe subject is Dr.
David Pulfrey of the Department of
Electrical Engineering, who says that
continuous, intensive research efforts
in universities and industry have
resulted in significant reductions in
the cost of manufacturing solar cells.
Today, they're in widespread commercial use as a provider of power for
navigational aids and communica
tions ana tei.'Visvr. jyzt^'r
Pulfrey says the largest sy&-.:
rently in use provides 25 kili-'
run an irrigation system a
fans tHat dry crops on an ag-
station in Nebraska.
The heart of the solar :
semiconductor, or diode,
created when a very pure .
usually silicon, has impu
troduced into it during
temperature manufacturing
The Introduction of impu:";
the silicon greatly increase?
ductive properties of the .
diode.
i, »*'
fUSC Hearts .,_ . . _,_'. " ir,...
'When light strikes the surface of
ft* diode," Dr. Pulfrey explains,
Electrons in the diode are energized.
to a diode is rather like a valve in a
mier line — it permits water to flow
,i4ne direction but not in another.
" "'-The diode material allows the
Seized electrons to move out of
k^ diode to an external wire con-
'ed to the solar cell. And when
ns travel through a wire, you
electricity."
wever, not ail the light can be
■cited into electricity. The
deal maximum efficiency of
rsion — the maximum ratio of
:ricity out to solar energy in — is
ter cent, simply because there is
mown material that can absorb
cient solar energy to create more
that percentage of electricity.
o a major emphasis in research,"
Dr. Pulfrey, "has been a search
better semiconductors that ap-
tch the 25 per cent maximum.
on diodes with an efficiency of 19
cent have been made and a 23
cent conversion efficiency has
i achieved using a more exotic,
therefore more expensive,
iconductor called gallium
nide."
1973, Dr. Pulfrey and a
ip of graduate students, sup-
ed by grants from the National
;arch Council, have been involv-
n the development of a cheaper
simpler method of manufactur-
diodes.
)iodes are now manufactured by
'batch process,' in which a whole
f thin, individual slices of silicon,
ther host material, are placed in
tseous environment in a high-
perature furnace. The impurities
r the host material by diffusion.
)ur concept for diode production
continuous one, In which a layer
is simply deposited directly
a slice of silicon. We've made
by this method at UBC and we
from subsequent testing that
can be just about as efficient as
made by the diffusion process,
the potential is there for a high
ugh-put, automatic, diode-
■ucing facility. Our diodes have
made with very pure materials,
next step is to apply this techno! -
to semiconductor materials that
less pure and therefore less
s*iy."
f\\nd cost is the key factor in mak-
tV solar cells a viable part of a total
l*rgy program.
"The first cells produced for the
space program created electricity at
a very high cost — $60 to $100 per
watt," says Dr. Pulfrey. "Today,
there are cells available that provide
power at $6 per watt, which means
they're a factor of at least ten
cheaper than they were 25 years ago.
The U.S. has set a target of 50 cents a
watt by 1986."
The Americans, he says, have
decided that solar cells are important
and will be part of their total "power-
generation mix." Their target, by the
year 2000, is to have solar cells producing 3 per cent of all U.S. power
requirements.
"That doesn't sound like much,"
says Dr. Pulfrey, "but it is equivalent
in 1978 terms to the total amount of
power generated by nuclear power
stations in that country."
Dr. Pulfrey can cite a set of conditions under which solar cells are even
now cost effective.
"They're useful when small
amounts of electricity up to 10
kilowatts are required in remote
areas where a conventional electrical
grid can't be brought in, and where
an auxiliary power source, say a
diesel enegine, would have to be
transported in. They're also effective
In areas where low maintenance costs
are a condition in their installation."
He says solar cells may have a
significant future In. providing energy
in Canada's far north during those
months of the year when the sun
shines, almost 24 hours a day. Solar
cells would provide cheap energy and
decrease the reliance on fossil fuels
for power generation.
He also believes that solar cells
have a future in urban settings. "In a
city like Phoenix, in Arizona, a roof
top array of cells could probably provide 90 per cent of the power required to operate a normal household because that city gets a great
deal of intensive sunlight.
"Even in Vancouver, sunlight
would provide about 30 to 40 per
cent of the power needed by a normal home."
And that, in turn, raises other
problems.
Vancouverites, he says, would
naturally want B.C. Hydro to maintain its supply system to back up the
solar cell component. "But in doing
that, Hydro's costs would not decline
— it would still have to maintain and
service the generating and supply
facilities to ensure a round-the-clock
supply of electricity.
"The upshot might be an increased cost for the slice of electricity supplied by Hydro. So the monetary savings that accrue to the householder
might not be commensurate with
savings in energy use."
A more reasonable approach, he
says, would be a large installation of
solar cells capable of supplying a
percentage of the needs of an entire
community, with the public utility
involved in maintaining and
connecting up the system to the user.
"The trade-off for the utility
would be the availability of larger
amounts of electricity for industry
and monetary savings through the
decreased use of conventional fuels
and investment in new and expensive
capital equipment."
Many of the questions and problems that bedevil the economic use of
solar cells in a total energy program
will be answered as the result of a $65
million research program initiated in
the U.S. in 1977.
The American program is very
broadly based, Dr. Pulfrey says, encompassing everything from the fundamentals of solar cells through the
economic implications to such things
as the attitudes of people in a community to the implications of installing solar cells on roof-tops. ("How
would you react If your neighbour
told you to cut down your tall shade
trees so that the sun could fall on his
roof-top solar cells for a longer
period of time?")
And finally, Dr. Pulfrey is hopeful
that more money will be available at
UBC for research under a recently
announced solar-energy program
sponsored by the Canadian government.
UBC Reports/11 K.(£§C£Sl.]rcl3i
team seeks
mine waste
Development of B.C.'s vast coal
deposits will mean a shift in the
economic profile of Canada and new
opportunities in the province.
Profs. Ian Warren and A.CD.
Chaklader are interested in encouraging spin-offs from coal extraction through the use of mine waste,
washery rejects and coal refuse.
Under a research contract with
B.C. Hydro, they have been studying
the large amount of clay mixed with
the coal at the Hat Creek deposits
between Lillooet and Ashcroft in
B.C.'s. Interior.
"About 35 per cent of the deposit
is made up of inorganic material —
mostly clay. If B.C. Hydro put In a
2,000 megawatt generator, it would
burn about 40,000 tons of coal a
day," said Prof. Chaklader.
"Created in the process would be
about 10,000 to 12,000 tons of clay."
The two professors in UBC's
Department of Metallurgy have
measured the extent of clay deposits.
More than 200 drill holes were used
to establish how many ' organic
minerals, including clay, there are,
at what depths, and the chemical
properties of each layer.
The researchers are now testing
the clay to find out if it is suitable for
a wide range of industrial applications. They say the clay can be used
for making specialized bricks and cement and in the paper industry as a
filler. Other possible uses are in the
wine and beer industry and in the
petroleum and paint industries.
"The possibilities are great. A
component of the clay is aluminum
oxide. It could be used to produce
aluminum. It is also a critical component in making bricks," Prof.
Chaklader said.
"Refractory clays which combine
higher concentrations of alumina
also make the clay suitable for producing specialty bricks that can withstand extremely high temperatures."
Clayburn Industries Ltd., a
Canadian-owned and operated
manufacturer of structural clay
products and refractory materials, is
interested in the clay associated with
I2/UBC Reports
iwBiirsEBjrasr
1
Prof. A.C.D. Chaklader and
bricks made in his UBC
laboratory from clay taken
from site of coal deposits at
Hat Creek in B.C.'s Interior.
the Hat Creek deposits. Clayburn
presently supplies product to western
Canada and ships regularly to the
northwest region of the U.S.A. and
off-shore to the Pacific Rim countries, servicing such industries as cement, lime, aluminum, petroleum
and smelting.
Clayburn imports certain raw
materials for its product line and
some of these same raw materials
may be available at Hat Creek.
Clayburn is a successful company
using research and high-level technology to advance its position in industry and it is investigating the
available clays at Hat Creek with a
view to possible utilization in the
manufacture of refractory brick and
aggregate.
Prof. Chaklader said another
related use of the Hat Creek clays
may be in producing high-
temperature cement. Conventional
Portland cement is not suitable for
use at high temperatures. High-
ternperature cement could be rnade
at Hat Creek using the clay enriched
with alumina and local deposits of
limestone as raw materials and coal
as the energy source.
The Hat Creek clay is f
because of the presence of car}
Profs. Chaklader and Warren
trying to remove the carbon
chemical and other treatments
testing the clay to see if import
characteristics are still present. '
"We want to whiten or bleach
clay to expand its use. For exam'
all paper contains clay. High-qu;'
paper contains more clay than lc:
grades. The B.C. paper industry ,
ports every ounce of clay it usej,
paper and pulp industries.
"Bleached clay is also heavily i '.
to make paint and varnish and sc' ..-
types of rubber," Prof. ChakiY,
said. ' \\
Other possibilities they are,.--'
vestigating include use of the claif ■ ;
a catalyst in refining petroleum J,
as a bleach in the beer and wine'industry. \\
The two researchers are also tn'' t-
. to produce synthetic coke ; '«
smelting iron out of B.C. coal. ty.;:\\-
B.C. coals are not suitable for blefj.
ing to produce coke of commeifr.,!
quality, so they are looking intop;,
improvement of the blending err-
acteristics of B.C. and western Cafc '
dian coals. And the cost of trail *;,
porting by rail western coal sub \\
for the smelters of eastern Canadf f.
too high. Canadian smelters impLv
all their coking coal from the U5
and elsewhere. fin
The UBC researchers have delta:'
mined that it would be economic;;-'
ship by rail to eastern smelter^, i
highly concentrated form of i>y"
called char or semi-coke, whj&v
would have some of its non-cart^-.
content removed. 'fih
They want to know whether rp-
char can be mixed with import-
coking coal for use in smelters, j '■[
"We would not be able to use!/; >
the available clay and ash produc;"*
as a by-product of mining, wash'?-
and burning coal for energy prodi"^1
tion. Nor would we be able [■'-'
eliminate completely Canada-
dependence on foreign coking dr™
for our smelters. -'-
"But we can increase the utili:*^
tion of *our resources. It means rnc!>}
jobs, more manufacturing, more. r
tivity in yet other sectors. For exa'v
pie, if we replaced only 10 per cent'.,
the 10 million tons of coal we impi,,
for smelting each year, we wot;
keep $50 million in Canada,'' s»','
Prof. Chaklader.
"If the synthetic coke were madef"
Western Canada, it would have- .
fects in transportation and extfi_
tion, a plant would have to be bu'
and there would be by-products
the charring processes, mate.i|
such as naphtha, benzene, aspii
and others." . . ■few typ© ©I Mgiwmtccmimtty JlsiTuoip
Jafcs up TSwimdeAiffd Stsidiwom
'&
*fBC's Thunderbird Stadium was
it lit up for several nights this sum-
thanks to a new type of highly lamp that had its beginn-
in 1973 in a UBC physics
ratory.
lamp was installed at the
b for demonstration and
by Vortek Industries, a Van-
■ company that will begin com-
ial production of the energy-
t lamp in the spring of 1979.
Albach, president of Vortek
ies and a UBC graduate who
the degrees of Master of
. and Doctor of Philosophy in
5, says the new lamp is efficient
sense that it is able to concen-
light where it's needed in
rbird Stadium — on the
surface.
I lot of the light produced by ar-
of conventional lamps doesn't
its target. Some of it escapes
responsible for the light dome
a be seen at night above a
real pay-off with the Vortek
says Dr. Albach, "comes in
of capital costs." Installation
maintenance costs are lower
those for conventional stadium-
'ng facilities, and annual
and 'parts-replacement
are also lower.
. Albach said four Vortek lamps
' replace the 432 lights now used
te Empire Stadium in
and 16 of them could
the 1,033 lamps in Mont-
Olympic Stadium. He says at
three and possibly four Vortek
will be necessary to provide
te lighting for night events at
bird Stadium, which has no
at present.
Vortek lamp is an off-shoot of
research in the field of plasma
Plasma, In this case, has
to do with the blood, but
to a state of matter that results
a material is subjected to very
temperatures. (The sun, for in-
is a plasma.)
1973, UBC plasma physicists
Prof. Roy Nod well, who is now
^ of UBC's physics department,
^.studying the effect of passing a
B/rflnt of electricity through a
ftigparent tube containing plasma.
'"'« research team found that
:} °f the energy in the plasma was
lost through radiation in the forrn of
light. They decided to use their experience in trying to reduce radiation
to accomplish the reverse — increase
it and produce a plasma lamp.
The heart of the lamp is a quartz
tube 10 centimeters long containing
argon, an inert gas, under enormous
pressure. The gas is swirled in a
spiral along the tube to create a central area of low pressure, through
which an electric current is passed to
produce extremely high temperatures."
The researchers then developed a
novel method of cooling the lamp by
swirling water along the inside of the
quartz tube. The system, In addition
to the lamp, includes a heat exchanger to cool the water that swirls
along the tube's interior, gas and
water circulation pumps and electrical controls.
The lamp has application possibilities at open pit mines, logging
operations, construction sites,
search-and-rescue operations, oil-
spill cleanups and as an artificial sun
for testing solar collection panels and
other devices.
The National Research Council
made grants to UBC for the original
basic research and for development
of the lamp. Vortek Industries got
$200,000 from the NRC's Industrial
Research Assistance Program for further development and production
money came from the federal
Business Development Bank.
Patents on the Samp are held on
behalf of UBC by the federal Canadian Patents and Development Ltd.,
a crown corporation. CPDL has
given Vortek Industries an exclusive
licence to produce and market the
lamp.
Royalties from the sale of the lamp
are shared between UBC, CPDL and
the lamps inventors, Prof. Nodwell
and Dr. David Camm, who received
his doctorate in plasma physics from
UBC and is now vice-president and
research director for Vortek Industries.
Researchers seek ways to
boost methane production
Prof. Ken Pinder isn't looking for
new sources of energy. He's trying to
produce energy from sources already
at hand. He says Canadians are
energy affluent. We throw away
energy in tremendous quantities.
Dr. Pinder and Dr. Richard
Branion of UBC's Department of
Chemical Engineering are working
on the anaerobic (absence of oxygen)
fermentation of organic waste to produce methane and carbon dioxide —
a valuable gas fuel.
The waste can be human, animal
or vegetative, such as leaves or straw.
The fermentation process takes place
in two steps, using two types of
bacteria that can only live in the
absence of oxygen.
In- the first step, waste is attacked
by bacteria that convert it to acid.
Then a second group of bacteria that
thrive on acid produce the methane
and carbon dioxide which can be
stored easily and used to heat homes
and other buildings.
Many farms in Europe use the pro
cess to provide their own energy.
Some of them grow a green crop for
use as organic material to supplement other sources.
"One of the major problems is that
the process is slow. We're trying to
speed up conversion of waste to acid
and acid to methane and carbon
dioxide.
"At the moment, the process is
generally carried out in one big tank
where the two steps take place. We
suspect," Dr. Pinder said, "that the
two types of bacteria impede each
other.
"Obviously, the two steps have to
be in some sort of balance. Each
bacteria has specific needs in order to
survive. If the mixture becomes too
acidic, for example, the bacteria that
live off the organic wastes in order to
produce the acid will die.
"The process isn't new. It's been
around for a long time. But little is
known about how it works."
Please turn to Page 14
See METHANE METHANE
Continued From Page IS
Dr. Pinder is trying to determine
how the two steps can be separated,
so that conversion to methane and
carbon dioxide fuel can be speeded
up. Faster conversion will mean smaller processing plants will be needed to
handle the same amount of waste.
Dr. Pinder has had a long-term interest in reducing waste from pulp
and paper operations.
"Every pulp and paper mill could
sell electricity. Some do. There's one
in Canada; some in Sweden.
"When I went through engineering — I graduated in '51 — we were
taught to try to balance energy
streams so that plants could operate
on as little additional energy as possible.
"Soon after that," Dr. Pinder said,
"energy became cheap and plants
were built without fine engineering.
We have to go back to the time when
we tried to recover every bit of energy
and material from a production process."
He is working on a problem involved in a process which would
eliminate much of the dependence of
kraft pulp mills on sulphuric acid
and sodium sulphate. Sulphuric acid
is used in large quantities to produce
the chlorine dioxide bleach used to
whiten kraft pulp. Sodium sulphate
and sulphuric acid are by-products
of this process. Before pollution
became a social concern, most mills'
discharged the chemical by-products
into rivers or the ocean. Today they
are burnt in mill furnaces.
By adding methanol, an alcohol,
to the chemical by-products, it's
possible to separate and recover
them; the sulphuric acid is recycled
to the bleach plant and the sodium
sulphate (salt cake) is used as sulphur
make-up In the pulping process.
"The major problem, though, is
handling the sulphuric acid in the
recovery process." Its concentration is
between 35 and 70 per cent and it's
boiling. Under those conditions it is
tremendously corrosive. We have to
find something to hold it that won't
be corroded away."
Dr. Pinder said a promising
material is an exotic metal now
available because of recent work in
the U.S. space program.
"If we solve the corrosion problem
there is a good chance we can recycle
the chemicals, save money and
reduce pollution.
"When you throw something
away, you lose money. In the same
way, an energy-reducing device saves
money. Minimizing waste is the
essence of good engineering."
14/UBC Reports
Iff
ummgy amm win
Profound social, economic and
political changes are in the offing for
Canada as a result of the energy
crisis, according to an associate professor in UBC's Faculty of Commerce
and Business Administration.
Dr. Herbert Drechsler, who combines expertise in the fields of organization policy, mining engineering
and international business, says the
energy crisis is rnore than oil prices,
uranium supply or increased electrical power through development of
water resources.
"The energy crisis," he says, "is all
the things that affect our daily lives
— the cost of living, where and how
we live, how we raise our children,
the inevitable political changes that
are on the horizon for Canada."
Major changes
Dr. Drechsler sees major changes
occuring in the structure of Canadian industry over the next 20 years
involving major shifts of population
to provide the labor force for
manufacturing industries that will
move their plants or construct new
ones to take advantage of less costly
forms of energy.
"A lot of North America's industrial capacity was located where it'
now is to take advantage of low-cost
and plentiful oil supplies," he says.
"The rising price of oil is causing industry to give serious consideration to
moving existing plants or constructing new ones in areas where there
are alternative energy resources or
guaranteed supplies of oil."
What, will this mean for Western
Canada? "B.C. and Alberta have
several things going for them," says
Dr. Drechsler, "including large
reserves of coal, gas and oil. I can see
growing centres ■of population in
eastern B.C. as Industry moves there
to take advantage of coal deposits
that will provide cheap energy.
• "In the long run, some areas that
up to now have been economically
depressed should be able to look forward to a brighter future, thanks to
the energy crisis."
Alberta is Canada's fastest growing
province In more ways than one as a
result of the energy crisis, says Dr.
Drechsler. "In terms of internal
business, a lot of firms that are
sidering locating in Canada
ing to Alberta, where there's a
tiful supply of young and
educated people for the work
and where money is available
* ,,e
1
•**?,
/
7- ; >n j
.y nmg
iril j im dcp^eg^OT six
. Is becoming a major centre for
le. So in terms of developing a
constitution for Canada, Alber-
Premier Peter Lougheed may
more votes than other premiers.
jheed, as a result of the energy
, has a great deal of political
r because he has money from
iale of oil. He's also got to keep
aimers of the province happy, so
ot mere chance that caused him
isit Prince Rupert this year to
at the possibility of funding an
nsion of port facilities there for
sxport of Alberta grain."
lie other Drechsler observation
ie Alberta scene: that province
be the next centre of academic
Hence in Canada. "The income
oil could result in the Univer-
of Calgary and Alberta becom-
major educational institutions,"
he energy problem in Canada is
sxtremely complex one, largely
of our unique constitutional
ngements, Dr. Drechsler says.
British North America Act
the provinces control of their
sral resources and the result has
the creation of ten separate
rtries when it comes to the move-
of energy and minerals between
," he says,
concern in B.C. is that
oil will go somewhere else
't be available here. B.C., on
hand, has large reserves of
gas, but our regional orienta-
,.}has always had a north-south ax-
!»hereas Alberta tends to have an
east-west orientation. In the end, it
may be cheaper for us to ship our gas
south to the U.S. where we would
trade it for oil rather than get oil
from Alberta."
All these interesting problems require more research, Dr. Drechsler
believes. And because of Canada's
regionalism, he believes that research
money should be funnelled into
research designed to solve B.C.'s
problems.
He also believes that energy
research in the field of commerce
and business administration should
address itself to the question of B.C.
energy needs over the next 25 years.
"I can't 'guess' any farther into the
future than a quarter of a century,"
he says, "chiefly because of the pace
of technological change. Twenty-five
years ago, computers had only just
been invented and the technological
innovations of recent years weren't
even conceived of at the end of the
Second World War.
"The things that basic scientists do
—- for instance, the development of
fusion power — are more than 25
years in the future. And I can only
develop my theories after they've invented a new process. It's simply a
different time frame, somewhere between basic and applied science."
Research listed
Three members of the Faculty of
Commerce and Business Administration at UBC are actively involved in
research related to the energy crisis.
Prof. William Ziemba is modelling
energy systems through the use of the
computer. Dr. Drechsler, with colleague Dr, Peter Nemetz, has begun
research on interfuel substitution.
(Dr. Nemetz is also Involved in
research on energy conservation.)
"I'm one of the group of people
that believes that when energy is
demanded, it will be-provided In one
form or another," says Dr. Drechsler.
"If automobiles can't run on oil and
gas, then they'll eventually be
powered by new types of storage batteries or by alcohol derived from
wood, or something else."
One of Canada's major energy
problems revolves around energy to
heat the family home. "There are an
incredible number of options and
variables, even in as straightforward
a thing as heating a house," Dr.
Drechsler says.
"You can obtain that energy from
electricity that may be provided by
hydro power or steam generated by
nuclear power or coal or gas. Or the
heat can be obtained directly by
burning gas, oil or coal. There are a
large number of Interrelationships
between all these energy sources,
their availability, and the longevity
of the systems that produce energy
and use it. The object is to heat the
house and the bask question is the
best way of juggling all the variables
so the job gets done in the most efficient way at the lowest cost for the
longest period of time."
Einstein cited
In the final, analysis, however, Dr.
Drechsler believes that western society is still at the stage where we don't
know what the real problems stemming from the energy crisis are. "It was
only five years ago that the price of
oil began to escalate and create a
crisis," he points out. "Research is
vitally important now, not so much
to solve problems as to determine
what questions we ought to be asking.
"I like to go back to what Albert
Einstein said years ago about
creativity in science. I keep it right
there as a reminder," he says, pointing to a handwritten sheet of paper
scotch-taped to his office wall.
The Albert Einstein quote reads:
"The formulation of a problem is
much more essential than a solution,
which may be merely a matter of
mathematical or experimental skill.
To raise new questions, new
possibilities, to regard old problems
from a new angle requires creative
imagination and marks real advance
in science."
The energy crisis means a changed
world with many new problems, says
Dr. Drechsler. "Only when creative
imagination comes into play and
defines what the real and basic problems are will we begin to find solutions."
YTBC P'
./IK UBC has embarked on a major
program to save fuel and power.
The program, based on the report
of a special committee on energy
conservation, is designed to reduce,
significantly UBC's annual energy
bill of $2 million.
The committee has reported that
by 1982 savings of up to 25 per cent
of current energy costs could be
realized if a sophisticated conservation
program is introduced.
UBC has taken the following steps
in the past year as part of the
program.
• Architects of new buildings have
been instructed to give special attention to incorporating energy-conservation measures into the structures.
A system that economically
distributes heat and stores it from
daytime operation for future use has
been installed in the new Library
Processing Centre on campus. A
similar system was installed as part of
a renovation program in the Computer Sciences Building in 1976.
• Lighting levels in classrooms
and corridors in the Education
Building and the Buchanan Tower
are being adjusted in consultation
with building users.
• Energy-conserving high-Intensity
lights has been substituted for incandescent lighting in some outdoor
areas of the campus.
• Classroom and office temperatures have been adjusted to fall
within the 65-to-68 degree range and
in warmer weather air conditioning
systems operate only when temperatures reach the 75-to-80 degree
range.
® Discussions have also been held
with the UBC office that books rooms
and other campus facilities to explore the possibility of consolidating
evening classes and other nightime
activities into a smaller number of
buildings.
''#..:
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Second-year commerce student Stan Wong was winner of $30§ first priKi
UBC-sponsorcd cuntest for poster designed to promote energy conservation ;1l_
The Alumni Chronicle, in cooperation with the University
Bookstore and UBC Press, is pleased to announce that ....
Popular books by UBC authors — alumni and faculty,
books about B.C. and Vancouver and books of special
interest, are now conveniently available to alumni
wherever they may live, simply by completing and
mailing the attached order form. Payment can be made
by cheque, money order, Visa/Chargex or
Mastercharge. Postage and handling are included at
no extra charge.... So, read on....
wans
s r * Early
4h
."Vancouver
Duncan McDougall
Duncan has captured the beauty of
Vancouver and its environs. We consider
this book to be one of the best
photographic studies yet published on any
Canadian city
Size: 8Vi x 11
72 pages (48 full colour)
hardcover.. .$14.95 paper.. .$6.95
For Most Conspicuous Bravery
U A Biography of Major-General
If George R. Pearkes, V.C., through
if Two World Wars
i
J Reginald Roy
General Pearkes had one of the most
exciting careers:— Northwest Mountie
— Trooper to General in the Canadian
Army — Minister of Defence in
Diefenbaker's Cabinet — Lieutenant-
Governor of B.C.
hardcover...$15.95
The Wild Frontier: More Tales
From the Remarkable Past
Pierre Berton
A companion volume to his recent
best-seller, My Country, this book tells
what Canada was like in the days before
civilization transformed it.
hardcover...$14.95
Canadians on the Nile, 1882-1898
Being the Adventures of the
Voyageurs on the Khartoum Relief
Expedition and other exploits.
Roy MacLaren
"those who think Canadian history is dull
should read this book." Ottawa Citizen
"a cracking good story." Globe and Mail
hardcover. ..$14.95
Early Indian Village Churches
Wooden Frontier Architecture in
British Columbia
John Veillette and Gary White
"A winner of the 1977 Association of
American University Presses' award for
design excellence."
"the perfect history and guide to the
majority of B.C.'s Indian Churches."
Victoria Times Colonist
295 photographs
hardcover...$29.00
paper...$15.00
j I
L
Please send the books checked, postage and handling free.
Please check method of payment.
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„N
'.J
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18 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 pai ) Gray-Grant
ire a room filled with scholarly-
king individuals. The gentlemen
baggy tweed jackets, drawing
jjioi hilly on deep-bowled pipes, the
[ad,, /a sensible shoes. The muted
soui '' argument and rebuttal, affirma-
tivi 1 negative, followed by polite
app! for the adjudicated winners are
heai.' ' hat's one image tnat could come
io ii. <■■' when considering the UBC De-
bat m< [rnion.
Bi!i there's more to it than that. The
slop ot the club spans 50 years of universitv history — years of debates that filled
Brink Hall with eager spectators, of battles of rapier-sharp wits that are still remembered today.
'In fact, although few of today's students would realize it, the debating union
was once the best-known club on campus.
i%It was always a very active group," says
retired classics professor Malcolm
McGregor. "Active, that is until students
got far too serious about saving the
world."
McGregor's involvement in debating
goes back to the '20s when he was a student and the union was in its early years.
Iv was then that the McGoun Cup was
established, named for Archibald McGoun, noted advocate from Montreal, in
recognition of his interest in Oxford-style
debate.
From its inception in 1923, the McGoun Cup was the highlight ofthe debating \\ear. Teams from the Universities of
Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and
British Columbia competed for the distinction of being named the best debaters
ift Western Canada.
Yes, debating was taken seriously, but
that doesn't mean that it was always a
serin1 ■*> business. A former member of
UBC , ;ioard of governors, Arthur Fouks,
recai■ ,.ne debating symposium held in
Sean! in 1938. The topic was sombre
enow the war in Europe. To enliven the
situs, •!, however, some debaters took to
weai .. buttons that proclaimed, "The
?ani > AREN'T Coming." Debaters
have ,- ays been a rather irreverent lot.
laic, it; case of the speaker who inno-
ren:, ■ -marked that" the sun never set on
the ! iv.h Empire." "That's because God
"/ou i trust a Britisher in the dark,"
»"»■ k his opponent.
''s lie debates were always in good
um 'They might have called us every
ihe book, onstage," says Fouks,
'.Tward they treated us royally.
'. was always most hospitable."
■iten extended its own hospitali-
■ ■glish debaters from the Oxford
".au
"bo
J.v.
Union, for instance. Such events were
sure to be crowd-pleasers. David Buchanan, a Vancouver lawyer who was active in
the club during the mid-'60s, says he remembers one British team in particular.
"One of their debaters was a very studious guy; the other was short, fat and
drank a lot of beer. They were opposites
but complementary — rather like Bob
Hope and Jack Benny. And of course the
British style is 90 per cent lampooning."
Make no mistake about it, ask any dedicated debater, and he or she'll tell you
that a humorous subject is preferable to a
serious one, any day. Topics like: "Be it
resolved that Groucho did more good for
mankind than Karl," or "That Mary
Worth is an interfering busybody," are
among the best.
The subject for the 1968 McGoun Cup
was another favorite: "That this House
would rather Plymouth Rock had fallen
on the Pilgrim fathers." And a match between the debating union and the faculty
of agriculture proved entertaining with
the resolution, "That beetles be stomped
out."
Sometimes the issue under debate
caused no small furor. For example, in
1961, controversy raged over the topic
"That chastity be a requirement for university admission." In the early '60s, venturing to discuss such a delicate matter
was enough to earn UBC a reputation as a
hot-bed of sin.
The more serious debates were often on
political subjects ofthe day: the problems
of war, the power of organized labor or the
need for guaranteed civil liberties. And
the debating union knew a controversial
topic when it saw one. In 1967, some ten
years before the "national unity question"
became really popular, UBC debated the
subject with the University of Waterloo.
Participants were told that debates could
be conducted in either English or French.
A noble gesture? It is doubtful if resolute
federalists would agree, for the instructions concluded: "Debaters wishing to
speak in French are reminded that they
may not be understood."
With its reputation for hilarious and
high-calibre debates, the union regularly
attracted a large audience. Crowds turned
out to fill the Brock Hall, the amphitheatres in Buchanan, and more recently, the Student Union Building. But
sometimes the audience could get out of
hand, as John Cherrington, who was president of the club in 1970 will testify.
The topic under debate was "That Israel be condemned as a warmonger, for
provoking war among the peace-loving
Arab states." "Some people in the audience became so excited that they chased
us into the Student Union cafeteria, and
we had to hide," says Cherrington.
Despite the antics and the carryings-
on, during its 50 years of activity, the
debating club proved to be fertile training
ground for a number of prominent British
Columbians. People such as Chief Justice
Nathan Nemetz, and former federal
minister of justice and now B.C. Supreme
Court, judge Davie Fulton, Chairman of
B.C. Hydro Robert Bonner, and Clerk of
the House of Commons, Alister Fraser
were all members. Even Joe Clark,
Leader of the Opposition, was once a
UBC debater, during his brief stay as a
law student.
And is it mere coincidence that the
majority of those involved in the club
eventually became lawyers? Perhaps debating attracts a certain type of personality. "It involves standing on your feet and
making a fool of yourself, which is what
you have to do as a lawyer," says Graham
Phillips, former debater who is now, of
course, a lawyer.
In addition to budding barristers and
solicitors, the club also attracted its fair
share of rogues and characters. Professor
emeritus, Stanley Read, who coached the
team for a number of years remembers in
particular one "wild Irishman." "He was
a rather impromptu and genial debater
who spoke without too much preparation for the subject at hand," says Read.
The wild Irishman's debating partner,
Gerry Lecovin, can be forgiven for speaking less charitably: "I had a tremendous
feeling of frustration. He said things well,
but it was like Dream Whip, it left you
hungry afterwards We went down to
glorious defeat."
Debating is certainly an art. The
speaker who "says nothing" must manage
to do so without letting the audience catch
on. For this reason, all "good" debaters
are experts at skillfully turning a phrase,
and all "great" debaters have a sense ofthe
theatrical.
One of the many challenges facing a
debater is devising a way to catch the attention df the audience. At a debate held
on Remembrance Day, 1966, Richard
Watts had the answer. He memorized six
lines from one of Hitler's speeches and
delivered them, with great feeling, to an
audience made up largely of war veterans.
"I certainly got their attention," he says
with a certain satisfaction.
Aside from appealing to the audience,
debaters must also earn the approval of
the judges. Walter Young, now head of
political science at the University of Victoria, and Allan Thackray, a lawyer in
Vancouver, teamed up for one McGoun
Cup debate. Convinced that they had
both spoken brilliantly, the two were a
little surprised when a certain judge gave
higher marks to their opponents. Anxious
to discover where they had gone wrong,
UBC's team decided to speak to the un
impressed judge. "We found out the problem," says Thackray. "She was deaf!"
But much ofthe time, UBC's team was
a winning one. Throughout the years,
coaches such as professors Henry Angus,
Joe Crumb, Freddy Wood and Stan Read
trained debaters who were able not only to
entertain crowds, but also to capture
trophies. In the mid-'60s the club walked
away with the McGoun Cup for three successive years. But ironically, interest and
enthusiasm soon declined.
Perhaps as a result of the social consciousness movement, the art of debating
came to be viewed as frivolous, a waste of
time. The McGoun Cup, won by the University of Manitoba in 1969, was not debated for again. UBC received notice that
the competition had been cancelled, due
to lack of interest. UBC's own debating
union fell apart in 1970.
John Cherrington, who was president
of the club that year says that formal debating was being shunned in favor of
round-table discussions. "The campus
was in a state of tumult. Everything was
changing, and the mood of the students
was 'let's try to get rid of formality'."
Students were committed to issues, and
it was hard to find people willing to argue
both sides of an argument. In fact, Simon
Fraser University once declined to debate
UBC. Their reason? — it was immoral to
argue a topic in which one didn't believe.
"We sent a note congratulating them for
having found 'Truth' on top ofthe mountain at Burnaby," says Brian Wallace,
You 11 find & your look
in our international
collection for fall 978
Clmpmaii
LADIES shop urn.
" Where quality is always in fashion"
2596 Granville St. (at 10th Ave.)
Vancouver, B.C. V6H 3G8
._ 132 Oakridge Mall
Marine Drive at 18th, West Vancouver
20 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
no
our
sis
club president in 1967. But the pm
the '60s prevailed and debating um
across the country fell victim to t ian<
Strangely enough, while debai n^
declined at the university level, it \\ |S
coming popular among high sci" ml
denls. Casual debates as well as n
mal competitions and full-scale
ments, were held on a regular b
1975, well over 300 students fro i nii
than 25 B.C. high schools were n ^ulai
involved in debates.
When some of these students bi »ani
tering into UBC, interest in deb ting
the university level was rekindled Fin,
ly, after a seven-year absence, tl o i]
Debating Society was officially r< com
tuted in January 1977.
Off to a shaky start, with no mo ej a<
only a small membership, UBC n inagt
to host one debate and travel to Victo-
for another — hardly an auspiciously
ginning for a club which had once bt(
the most famous on campus.
Last year, the club came into its o\\v
Debaters from UBC participated in cor
petitions on Vancouver Island; hosted
new provincial tournament for "IheA,
thur Fouks Trophy," and in March, w
the prestigious "English-Speaking Unit-
Cup."
In addition the club presented a popi
lar series of noon-time lectures by UB(
professors on "The Art of Public Speal
ing." During another lunch-hour cW
debaters entertained spectators by arguing "That the chicken came before ti
egg." One ofthe more unusual debatess">
the year was held at Matsqui Correction:
Institute on the topic of wiretapping li'
police. UBC lost to the well-researche(
inmates.
The club is showing signs of a stronj
revival. In October UBC is re-institutuj
the McGoun Cup debate. The trophy is.
new one (the original was reportedly las
seen in the window of a Winnipeg jeweln
store, waiting for engraving) but whan
represents — high quality debating —r
definitely traditional.
As for the gentlemen in the tweec jack1
ets and the sensibly-shod ladies... well,
they graduated some years ago. But lb
art of speaking effectively is comin.; into'
fashion again. "With the quieter cempuH
of today, the atmosphere is probabl ripe
for colorful sorts of things like deba ing.
says Cherrington.
He's right. A good debate, wit! wit
repartee and a healthy dos ol_
exhibitionism, is guaranteed to t nusti
and, possibly, to offend. Debating like
the theatre is an art that needs an auc -ericf
to thrive. If the new debates are up o the
old standards the house should be S J .01
The aforementioned debaters are all !BC
graduates, with the law degree the moi prevalent among their academic awards Author, Daphne Gray-Grant, is a fourth yen'
political science student and president < fth
UBC Debating Society. i y "TTJTinriiTXT'
yryyiz^zzTZTzzryyTyziw:.
iu^t.,.. 'fftSLJ
yjUBC's summer seniors came to tea at Cecil Green
i Park in July as guests ofthe alumni association
and the Centre for Continuing Education (top).
j In the background alumni president Paul Hazell
" ■ chat* with some ofthe participants in the free
'. UBC summer courses for retired people....
UBC's superb new aquatic centre (above) opens
Ifor htsiness early in September. Alumni
* i donations totalling over $200,000 (received and
* pie J 'ed) helped build the pool and to equip the
J oh Buchanan Fitness and Research Centre,
wk h is part ofthe pool complex. (Right) One of
UB ."s athletes works at strengthening her leg
mih les on one ofthe many specialized pieces of
eqv ment in the Buchanan facility. For
m/ nation on the pool public swimming times
an -herprograms call 228-4251.
....
^lews
Association Objectives
Under Study
The objectives of the alumni association are
coming under close study by a special association committee. It's part of its mandate to develop a five-year plan for the association's future activities.
The committee, appointed by alumni president Paul Hazell, is composed ofthe president,
vice-president George Plant, executive members Jack Hetherington and Barbara Mitchell
Vitols and board members Robert Tulk, Grant
Burnyeat and Art Stevenson, past presidents
Jim Denholme, Charlotte Warren and Beverly
Field and executive director, Harry Franklin.
They have already studied the priorities established by the 1977 finance and administration
committee and "Right now we are in the research area, collecting information about other
universities and how they approach the area of
priorities, on the kinds of budgets they have
available," said Hazell. He added that "You
might say I am waiting with bated breath to
hear what this committee is going to come up
with. The committee was asked to examine the
objectives of the association and see whether
they really hold the same for us today as when
they were originally put into the constitution.
If they don't, then the constitution should be
changed to reflect the new objectives."
It's been said that B.C.'s university alumni
have not had a substantial presence in the
province-wide community. One suggestion to
improve this situation that Paul Hazell would
like to explore during his presidency is that of a
B.C. alumni council. He sees this as a unified
body representing all the public universities
with alumni representing the community, senate members representing the faculty and
board of governors representing the administration — with two or three from each category,
from each university. "I feel that this council
would complement the Universities Council
and is a way of showing grassroots support for
education." The council should have close contact with current students regarding their concerns and might also serve as a way to inform
universities about community needs and to
give communities a greater understanding of
the role and function of universities. A possible
early project might be a symposium to discuss
the direction of higher education in B.C. and
ways of achieving educational goals.
Support for education, Hazell sees as part of
the responsibility of being a graduate, and he
says "I don't feel it would be out of turn to
suggest that UBC, as the oldest university, has
some responsibility to offer leadership in such a
project or a similar one." Alumni views, comments or suggestions on association programs
and objectives are most welcome and should be
sent to The President, UBC Alumni Association, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver,
B.C. V6T 1X8.
21 •1
I )-v
f%^ it
Y,V'.. -,.4
^
23K^«- //; -
<*>.? ///
,.xs. -•'"'•:. «
Chicken barbeques on the terrace of Cecil Green
Park were part ofthe summer Young Alumni
Club program (above). An $8 annual
membership in YAC opens the door to the weekly
Thursday and Friday evening sessions at CGP
(Happy Hour, 4 to 6pm, Fridays) for recent
grads and those in the final year of an
undergraduate course. Live music, always, on
Friday, occasionally on Thursdays. Assorted
sports activities are on the winter schedule and
more suggestions are welcome at the annual
meeting, Oct. 5, 6:30 pm at Cecil Green
Park....Mark Townsend, a first-year student
from Victoria, who plans to try out for the
22 Chronicle /Autumn 1978
quarterback slot on the Thunderbirds, is this
yeafs winner ofthe $750 Frank Gnup Memorial
Scholarship. Townsend was guest-of-honor at the
second annual Frank Gnup Golf Classic in July
which raised $5,000 for the scholarship fund
which honors the late football coach. Mark
(second from left) was congratulated by
scholarship committee members Don Vassos,
BA'63 (left), Doug Mitchell, LLB'62 and Tom
Thomson, BA'66 (right), who was principal
organizer ofthe tourney. The Gnup scholarships
are awarded on the basis of need, scholarship,
leadership and an interest in athletics.
Vancouver Institute:
Satyrelay Night
Learning
It may not have the beat of "Saturday -Tight
Fever" — but UBC's Vancouver Institute hasa
lot to offer anyone who'll listen.
The institute, Vancouver's premier k ture
series, has been in operation since 1916 Ifo
fall '78 program of free Saturday evenin lee
tures opened Sept. 9 with Sir Denys Wilk;:ison
of Sussex University speaking on "Symiiem
in Art and Nature." The following week UBC
historian Alex Woodside, a world special-st on
China and Vietnam, discussed the "Collision ot
Revolutions: China and Vietnam."
On succeeding Saturday evenings the msti
tute's audience will hear: Sept. 23, Canadian
literature authority and UBC Master Teacher,
Don Stephens on "The Making of a Litera
ture;" Sept. 30, UBC geographer Cole Harris
examines the relationship between history and
geography in "Quebec and the Canadian
Land;" Oct. 7, epidemiologist Leonard Kur-
land ofthe Mayo Clinic in Minnesota traces the
"Incidence, Trends and Outcome of Disease,"
Oct. 14, a retired British lawyer whose books
have covered such diverse fields as history,
philosophy and poetry, Owen Barfield, will
consider "The History of Ideas: Evolution of
Consciousness."
Are our B.C. forests a renewable resource'
On Oct. 21 a panel chaired by UBC forestrj
dean Joseph Gardiner, with members James
Kimmins, a forestry professor and Grint
Aimscougfo, chief forester, MacMillan Bloedel
will consider the question; Oct. 28, one of
Canada's leading jurists Samuel Freedman,
chief justice of Manitoba, will offer some
"Challenges to the Rule of Law;" Nov. 4, Alan
Gates, head of music at Clark College, and his
wife Yoko Gates will present their ideas on
traditional and modern Japanese music. Mrs
Gates will give musical illustrations using several different instruments; Nov. 11, eminent
pathologist James Hogg, director of the UBC
pulmonary research unit looks at the "Environment and Breathing;" Nov. 18, Richard
Meier of the city and regional planning department, University of California, Berkeley,
on "The Conserver City: Social Effects of New
Technology;" and Nov. 25, an outstanding
British Columbia historian, UBC profe-.sor
emerita Margaret Ormsby, returns to her mi-
versity and her subject with "British Col im-
bia's History: New Perspectives."
The visits to the campus by Sir Denys ' Wilkinson and Prof. Meier are part of the Ceci H
and Ida Green visiting professorship progr m
There is an open invitation for you to at! nd
these lectures and to become a member oi the
Vancouver Institute. The fee is modest — %
individual, $10, family and $2, student — nd
is used to defray the costs of publicity nd
printing. Everyone involved with the ii >ti-
tute's program, from the organizing commi ree
to the speakers is a volunteer. For a broch ire
outlining the fall season and a membership ip-
plication contact the UBC information ofl -e,
2075 Wesbrook Place, Vancouver V6T 1 VS
(228-3131). All lectures begin at 8:15 pm in he
campus instructional resources centre. 11
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card-,
charf-
haste
will :c
nothing quite like a good book — and
t-.micle, in cooperation with the univer-
..■okstore and UBC Press, has taken it
,elf to help you find one, two or sever-
.; offering a selection of books, by UBC
; or about Vancouver or British Colum-
•;Lit may not be readily obtainable at your
>-,s okstore. (The Pierre Berton book is
' ■! y the exception, unless your local book-
■appens to be outside Canada.) An an-
?ment on page 17 of this issue has all the
, The prices quoted (and these may be
v cheque, money order or various charge
) include all postage and handling
s. All orders will be dispatched post-
Special requests are most welcome and
ceive immediate attention.
Fall Programs in
Alumni Branches
'Faraway branches: In South Australia Irene
5'Mayer, BEd'70, arranged a reception, August
-3, for alumni and education colleagues, to meet
;(JBC professor Gary Pennington and his group
of students and teachers who toured Australia
'visiting various educational institutions this
summer (or winter, depending on your viewpoint).... Plans are being made for an October
Tokyo reception for alumni in Japan to meet
Oscar Sziklai, UBC professor of forestry and a
Member of the alumni board of management,
,^hile he is visiting a Japanese university.... Caroline Spankie Knight, BA'65, MA'67,
passes along word that Canadian alumni in the
Washington, D.C. area are in the early stages of
Organizing an event for the future, date, time,
place all to be decided and announced....
'■I A little closer to home, Ottawa alumni have
.been branching out with several different types
of programs. This summer they participated in
a "Twinning of the Provinces" night at Camp
Fortune. Coming events include a night at the
harness races with dinner and a race named
after the UBC Alumni. Saturday, October 14,
is Oktoberfest, at Camp Fortune. A fee of
approximately $3, payable at the gate provides
admission, parking, bratwurst in a bun, an
Oom-Pah band and a view ofthe autumn leaves
There was much conversation and laughter at the
Class of'28 Golden Anniversary reunion dinner
at the faculty club in late June. Over 100 class
members and their guests attended the event
planned by Dr. Douglas Telford (above, right)
who chats with Charles Gould (right). Honored
guests were emeritus dean Fred Soward (above,
left) and UBC vice-president Michael Shaw and
Mrs. Shaw, (top, right) who listen intently to
Alice Hemming (back to camera), who traveled
from England for the reunion.
5 great plays - spe
'ETS: Vancouver Ticket Centre 63'
683—3255 IJ^UtioJCiE^*^
*u «»?2SS2I2L^ai*«i3SL«iiT
from the chair lift. Alumni will be gathering at
the Lockeberg Lodge. Plan to drop in. Guests
of alumni are most welcome. For more information call the "fortune teller," 827-2323.
Thea Koerner House, the UBC graduate student centre has issued an invitation for all
former members of the centre to become associate members.
Payment of an annual fee of $25 entitles you
to enjoy all the social and cultural amenities of
the centre which include "one of the most
civilized bars in Vancouver," a superb view of
Howe Sound and Georgia Strait and dining
room that is open for lunch and dinner, Monday to Friday, with reasonable prices promised. Reservations can be made for dinner. The
centre office, 228-3202 can provide further details.
1979 Board
Nominations Sought
Election mania will soon be sweeping the country. So, why not let yourself get caught up in
the spirit of things by putting your name or
another grad's forward in nomination for the
alumni board of management.
Alumni past president Charlotte Warren is
chairing the nominations committee for the
elections that will take place in spring '79. She
would be pleased to hear from any graduates of
UBC — including those who attended Victoria
College — who would be willing to stand for
election, or who know of persons willing to let
their names be nominated.
The positions to be filled by election are: the
officer positions (one year terms) of vice-
president and treasurer and 10 members-at-
large (two year terms). To place a name in
nomination or for further information call or
write Charlotte Warren, Chair, Nominating
Committee, UBC Alumni Association, 6251
Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver V6T 1A6
(228-3313) no later than Thursday November
30, 1978.
Join International
House and
Meet the World
Did you know that 72 different nations are
represented among UBC's students — and that
the place where you can get to know them is
International House?
International House is moving in some new
directions this year with plans for programs
that will involve all segments ofthe community
— on, and off campus. Beginning in September there's to be a series of "Country
Nights" — Latin American, Native Canadian,
Nigerian are examples — with food, music and
dancing. The Coffee Place will operate almost
daily, with a beer garden open on Frida>
noons. IH Orientation programs for !
■wgii
students may mean a hike and a'beach p ity,
trip to Vancouver Island or a slide presei atw
"Introducing Canada."
All IH activities are open to everyt ic \\
membership fee of $2, for students anc com1
munity members, will give you half pr> e ad
mission to the discos and cultural evenhr s and
a monthly newsletter in four languages.
An enthusiastic group of volunteers fr< m the
campus and community, supported by \\ ieID|
staff wants to make the services of the toust,
available to as many groups as possible Thi
house will be open daily and ethnic comn umt\\'
groups are welcome to use the faciliti s fa'
events "that will bring people of different lands,
together." There is no charge for the use jf the
facilities, except for weddings. As Saf Bol nan
program coordinator points out — "th:re»r
room for anything new and interesting, it will'
be a pleasure for us at International House to}
help and cooperate with your organization." I
One old program being revived could be cal 1
led "Meet a Canadian Family." UBC expects'
approximately 1,100 foreign students this year,!
mostly graduate students, with a few under'
graduates on government exchange scholar'
ships. Many of them will have little opportun,
ity — living in residence or on their own — to'
experience Canadian family life, unless an in,
traduction can be arranged. And that is easily|,
done through IH. So, if you'd like to welcome!'
foreign student to Canada and issue an invm ,'
tion to a family dinner (Thanksgiving is coming!
up), or some other occasion, give IH a call!
They'll be pleased to hear from you. 228-5021 [,
YORKSHIRE TRUST
The Oldest and Largest
UBC ALUMNI AT YORKSHIRE
J.R. Longstaffe BA '57 LLB '58 - Chairman
I.H. Stewart BA '57 LLB '60 - Director
A.G. Armstrong LLB '59.- Director
W.R. Wyman B. Comm. '56 - Director'
J.C.M. Scott BA '47 B. Comm. '47 - Director
G.A. McGavin B. Comm. '60 President
E.G. Moore LLB '70 - Treasurer
K.E. Gateman B Sc. '61 - Comptroller
P.L. Hazell B. Comm. '60 - Manager Information
Systems
R.K. Chow M.B.A. 73 - Pension Trust Administrator
L.J. Turner B. Comm. 72 - Property Development
Co-Ordinator
J. Dixon B. Comm. '58 - Claims Manager
A Complete Financial
Service Organization
900 W. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3711
590 W. Render St. Vancouver 685-3711
130 E. Pender St. Vancouver 685-3935
2996 Granville St. Vancouver 738-7128
6447 Fraser St. Vancouver 324-6377
538 6th St. New West. 525-1616
1424 Johnston Rd. White Rock 531-8311
737 Fort St. Victoria 384-0514
518 5th Ave. S.W. Calgary 265-0455
lember Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation -Trust Companies Association of Canada
24 Chronicle/Autumn 1978 Douglas Ray
|f%ouglas Ray, BSc'62, is in business. He
IB splits salmon and deals with the fed-
JU^eral government's Export Development Corporation and customers that range
from movie stars to politicians and the jet
set of the world.
He used to be an investment counsellor
(Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver) — before
that, a geologist — a career he may pick up
again someday with graduate studies. An
MBA from the University of Toronto
moved Ray from taking ore samples in the
Canadian bush to offering financial advice.
Feeling that he was "locked into the corporate situation — there had to be other
things in life," he decided to become his
own boss. As he explains: "I think that
everyone who takes an MBA always has in
the back of his mind the possibility of doing
something on his own. Also in the back of
the mind of anybody from the West Coast is
the idea of getting back there sooner or
lav i " After checking out over 120 business
risibilities, he settled on the Imperial
S j non House — an old warehouse in Van-
(i iter's False Creek redevelopment area
wi«.re the aromas of his smoking fish
gle with the glories of cooking chocolate
n Purdy's just up the hill.
Hat was two years ago. After many
uhs of intensive training, Ray can now
about the world salmon market with all
'nformation of an insider and an expert:
ply; prices; export information; the per-
i' preferences of customers from the
r Seasons Hotel chain to former Israeli
ie Minister Golda Meir, Hollywood
ctor Hal Wallis and nameless salmon
'ers — wholesalers, retailers, and the
in the street — who have found, often
't difficulty,the way to his establishment.
5e has had to learn everything about the
rical side of the operation as well as
fling the business end. For the past 17
h m
months he has been a 'splitter' in his plant.
It's a tricky job — "more like an art" —
where the salmon is split into two and all the
bones, except for a row of 'pin bones', are
deftly removed. His wife, Connie, pretty
well runs the office — dealing with mail and
telephone orders (during this interview, an
order for 750 pounds came by phone from
Atlanta, Georgia) and bookkeeping —
while Doug orders dressed fish (delivered
headless, gutted and frozen), prepares a
sport fisherman's catch, splits the salmon,
stokes the sawdust-fired smoker in which
the salmon remain for 24 hours after curing
by a secret recipe, and then arranges the
appropriate transportation, that is, if he
isn't going to make the local delivery himself.
So what's it like to smell fish first thing in
the morning? "The smell offish is the smell
of money — I don't dare book off sick." His
four employees (including his wife) start
work at 8 o'clock in the morning and help
him turn about 150,000 pounds of salmon
each year into a product that could be sold
for "literally any amount of money in some
parts of the globe. The market is almost
unlimited." Which is a problem in itself for
Ray. "Do we want to get that big is the
problem I'm wrestling with right now. I
know for a fact that I could sell 3,000
pounds a week in New York City, but we
can make a reasonable living keeping it at a
manageable size."
Imperial's special knack seems to be in
developing a flavor in its fish that competitors lack: "You can't stand still in this
business. If you don't try to fill a need,
others will and with, perhaps, an inferior
quality product." But on any given day, his
hickory and oak-smoked red spring salmon
can be sampled in the Hotel Shangri-La in
Singapore, in Central and South America,
in the West Indies, Australia or Europe, on
the dinner tray of a CP Air flight or simply
— in your own home. — CJM
Forty-two years ago, in the middle of the depression, Georgina Margaret Brunette,
BA'33, got a job as a part-time clerical worker
in the old Vancouver Public Library at Main
and Hastings. Last June, she retired as coordinator of adult services at the VPL after four
decades of watching the library change from a
spot where bookworms leisurely browsed and
chose to a resource centre with 14 branches
where the bulk of users come for information
— in a hurry....Hannah E. Pilkington, BA'33,
of Campbell River, was awarded the Queen
Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal for her many
years of service to the Canadian Red Cross
Society. She has also been involved with hospital auxiliaries, the United Appeal and other
community organizations....President of the
B.C. Federation of Naturalists, and currently
serving on a panel investigating the impact on
the environment of a proposed third runway at
Vancouver International Airport, Vernon
Brink, BSA'34, MSA'36, is off to Turkey,
courtesy of 230 former students and professional workers. There, he will study and collect
alfalfa which might be of use to Canadian
breeders. Brink, who sees himself as a "rural
idealist," has spent 38 years at UBC as a plant
science professor....Director-general of the
Bedford Institute of Oceanography at
Dartmouth, William L. Ford, BA'36, MA'37,
received an honorary doctor of science at the
Spring convocation of the University of New
Brunswick.
The congregation of the First Presbyterian
Church of Port Colborne, Ontario, held a luncheon to honor their minister Jesse Reynolds
Esler, BA'37, who has completed 40 years in
the ministry — the last 17 of which were spent
in Port Colborne....Formerly academic vice-
president of New Brunswick's Mount Allison
25 d
Dave Moilliet
University, William M. Sibley, BA'39,
MA'40, (PhD, Brown), has been appointed to
chair the Saskatchewan Universities Commission. Throughout his academic career, Sibley
has held a number of positions, including dean
of arts and science, and vice-president in
charge of faculty and special planning — both
at the University of Manitoba. He will now
make his home in Saskatoon....After 39 years
on the job, John S. Stokes, BASc'39, has retired as deputy minister of forests with the B.C.
Forest Service. He joined the forest service in
1939, and after serving with the RCAF during
World War II, he was appointed forest ranger
at Prince Rupert. He became deputy minister
in 1969.
40s
Possessing "a unique knowledge of the history
and workings of the company", R. Duncan
MacFayden, BCom'41, is the new secretary of
MacMillan Bloedel. In 1946 he joined the head
office of Bloedel, Stewart & Welch, one ofthe
three major companies which merged to form
MacMillan Bloedel, and two years later became
assistant secretary....Ian CM. Rush,
BASc'42, MASc'43, adds the responsibility of
chief executive officer of Petrostar Limited to
his duties chairing the company's board of directors.... Applauded the world over by fellow
oceanographers and by Flipper, Izadore Barrett, BA'47, MA'49, has invented a commercial
fishing net from which dolphins can escape.
Hundreds of thousands ofthe sea mammal die
every year in nets set for tuna and often appear
on menus as Mahi-Mahi....Philip Norman
Daykin, BA'47, MA'49, PhD'52, professor of
computing science at the University of
Lethbridge since 1969 is a columnist for the
Lethbridge Herald writing the "Aperture" section.... A member of the B.C. public service
since 1949, Robert H. Ahrens, BSF'49, is the
new deputy minister of recreation and conservation. Prior to this appointment he was associate deputy minister.
Judge A. Les Bewley, LLB'49, is on a
leave-of-absence from the bench to act as legal
consultant to the B.C. Alcohol and Drug
Commission. His assistance will be sought
primarily in the formulation the Health Entry
Plan for narcotics abusers....Twenty-eight
years in the petroleum industry were good preparation for Robert G.S. Currie, BA'49 — he
is now vice-president for oil and gas ofthe B.C.
Resources Investment Corporation. Currie
26 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
Rick Wiersbitzky
plans to run the division "like any oil company," and wants "to get into exploration in
Western Canada."...The Pacific Salmon Enhancement Program will spend $150 million
over the next five years doubling Canada's production of Pacific salmon along British Columbia's coastline and interior waterways. Leslie
Edgeworth, BA'48, BASc'49, has been with
the fisheries department since graduation and
is the new executive director of the program.
50s
Eight thousand Canadian pharmacists will be
well represented by two UBC grads in 1979 —
Joseph John Despot, BSP'50, is new president
of the Canadian Pharmaceutical Association.
He was active in developing B.C.'s Pharmacare
Plan. Leroy Conrad Fevang, BSP'58,
MBA'68, was named executive director of the
CPA... .Research scientist at the Pacific Biological Station in Nanaimo, Robin J. LeBrasseur,
BA'51, MA'54, is one of those unsung volunteer workers who wants to improve the lot of
their fellow citizens in Nanaimo. He and his
wife are counsellors at the Nanaimo Family
Life Association, and he is currently head of
the Nanaimo Justice Council.
Two alumni have been recognized by the
Royal Society of Canada for outstanding work
in their respective fields. Paul Kebarle,
PhD'57, professor of chemistry at the University of Alberta, was recognized for his research
of ions in gases. Queen's University professor,
Stephan F. Kaliski, BA'52, was elected for his
work in economics. Kaliski is currently managing editor of the Canadian Journal of Economics ... .David Moilliet, BA'52, is chief of international relations for the Canadian government
office of tourism (CGOT). He recently received
a Master of Arts in education with special emphasis on tourism development and travel administration at the George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Moilliet joined the
former Canadian government travel bureau in
1965 and after 10 years in the United States as
manager of CGOT offices in San Francisco and
Washington, returned to Ottawa in 1976.
Howard A. Callaghan, LLB'53, has been
named to the British Columbia Supreme
Court Co-author of Teaching Secondary
Health Science (John Wiley & Sons), Walter D.
Sorochan, BPE'53, is professor of health science at San Diego State University. He is the
author of several other books, including Personal Health Appraisal (Wiley).... Now living in
London, England, Paul J. Hoenmans,
'ASc'54, is president ol Mobil Euro. > n
:cw responsibilities will include all o< Mnt
International Division in Europe....H ad*
the new Halifax office of the federal .Xp0I1
Development Corporation, Cornea! T. tyooi
BA'54, is now Atlantic representative, asteij
division....After 15 years in politics as ; iber/
M.P. for Vancouver-Centre, S. Rona! 1 Bas
ford, BA'55, LLB'56, is leaving the actnt
political arena for "personal and pi,vate"
reasons. After the 1968 campaign, 1 e «/
named Canada's first minister of consu ner (
corporate affairs. In recent years he has ,ervei
as minister of justice....Commissioner of tin
Mackenzie Valley pipeline inquiry, ustict,
Thomas R. Berger, BA'55, LLB'56, re;eive]
the honorary degree of doctor of laws and deli'
vered the convocational address at St. Thomas
University, Fredericton....Now heading thi
production and rural development division ol,
the Ontario ministry of agriculture is Ceorgi
H. Collin, BSA'55. Since 1977, he has chairdl
the Ontario farm products marketing board
Robert W. Smith, BASc'55, is now managa' {
of Imperial Oil's Sarnia refinery. He has held' 1,
several administrative positions in Toronto,
New Jersey, and New York since joining the
company in 1955....John Lawrence Howardi
BA'56, is the new head of Saskatchewan's del
partment of tourism and renewable resources!
habitat protection development division'
Headquartered in Saskatoon, he will supervise'''
the study of alternatives in saving habitat Mj
private property and liaise with the Saskatchel
wan department of agriculture and department
of environment....The Entomological Society
of Canada has selected Ronald W. Stark,,
PhD'58, ofthe University of Idaho, to receive A
its gold medal for outstanding achievement in''/
entomology.... David C. Morley, BA'56, is the ger
?BC
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Thomas R. Johnson, BSc'60, has been ap
pointed assistant deputy minister (operations)
in B.C.'s ministry of highways. In 1977 h* was
made executive director of operations a id in
that capacity took over all road maintenance
control ofthe ministry.... Helen C. Zuk« wski
Wooldridge, BA'60, is looking for storytt Hers,
to contribute to a book she is putting tog 'ther
for 1979 publication. Not for stories abou just
anything but about experiences the l Hers
themselves have had while with the Can dian
University Service Overseas. The book,. s yet
untitled, will chronicle the activities of th< over
6,000 volunteers who have served with C JSO
in the past 16 years. "I suddenly realized that
all these stories were going to be lost," said
Wooldridge, who now lives in Toronto and
writes for Science International. If you vere
with CUSO, can tell a good story and wan it fo
live forever, write to Helen c/o CUSO, 151
Slater Street, Ottawa, Ontario ClP 211-
Ne"
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Physics professor at the University of
■.runswick, Ronald M. Lees, BSc'61,
, (PhD, Bristol), has been awarded the
Stuart Memorial Award for excellence
sing. Active in science faculty and uni-
committees, he was recently elected
at of the Association of the University
Brunswick Teachers.
icr project manager for Stadler Hurter
i Nicholson, BASc'61, is now executive
esident of the company. With 15 years
nee in international engineering and
•ng work, he is now responsible for the
ional functions of ,tHe company in
cal....Working in the B.C. attorney's office since 1966, Robert G. Simson,
61, LLB'62, is now director of the
mated Law Enforcemefit, Unit. He had
been assistant director of the ministry's criminal law division....Milburn. Lewis Lerohl,
«MSA'62, (BSc, Alberta; PhD, Michigan
Stan"', has been appointed to head the depart-
' ment of rural economy within the faculty of
agric aiture and forestry at the University of
Alberta. During a sabbatical leave in 1974-75
he was project general economist with the East
Indonesia regional development study in Bali,
Indonesia.
Professor of electrical engineering and head
ofthe laser research program into fusion at the
University of Alberta, Allan Offenberger,
BASc'62, MASc'63, is very grateful for the
$65,00*0 grant made to the program. Although
the figure seems insignificant in comparison to
the world expense of $1.5 billion on studies in
, the same sphere, Offenberger points out: "a
small program can come up with clever new
approaches and examine a lot of details which
major national laboratories do not have time to
follow."...Beryl Rowland, PhD'62, (MA, Alberta), is the author of newly published Birds
With Human Souls (University of Tennessee
Press)....Associate professor in the school of
education at Acadia University, Thomas Til-
lemans, MEd'62, was invited to present seminars at a conference dealing with learning disorders, in Portugal, last June. The invitation
came as the result of research he conducted last
year while on sabbatical leave in
Europe....Mimico Correctional Centre near
Etobicoke, Ontario, appointed a new Protestant chaplain in April of this year, Hemdrik Jan
Dykman, BSA'63. A United Church minister,
he was previously at the Glendale Adult
Training Centre in Simcoe.
Past editor of Ad-Lib (1965-66), the UBC
library school student paper, Sieglinde
Stieda-Levdsseur, BA'64, BLS'66, has been
awarded a $6,360 Social Science and
Humanities Research Council Doctoral Fellowship. She will do her PhD work in bibliographic control at the University of Western
Ontario. She was also the recipient ofthe 1978
Phaim-World Book graduate scholarship in
library science, awarded by the Canadian Libra y Association... .Relinquishing his love for
saltwater sailing, Vancouver architect, Neil J.
Pe'^.an, BArch'64, is now landlocked in Cal-
gar . After eight years of practice in Van-
co!. ;r, he is now a member ofthe Dale Chandler vennedy Partnership... .Enjoying her legal
P^-. .ice in Peterboro, Ontario, Wendy Moir
^y ?-on, LLB'64, is involved with a great deal
ol ■ ornestic law, legal aid, wills and estates.
Or: :tf a very few women to enter law in 1961,
she ,-oW describes her practice as "very much a
stoifront operation where you're close to the
people you work for."...In charge of general
P^nx operations including production,
maintenance and technical support, William
Jack Selby, BASc'64, is the new plant manager
for FMC of Canada Ltd. in Squamish. He
joined the company in 1965 as the first
Squamish employee and in 1970 was made
production superintendent.... Former superintendent of industrial relations at the Alcan
Smelters and Chemicals Kitimat smelter,
Robert D. Algar, BCom'65, is now the manager of the personnel division.
Funded by six East Kootenay forest industry
companies, Fred L. Bunnell, BSF'65, UBC
associate professor of forestry, is conducting a
study of the impact on wildlife — specifically
elk — that clear-cut (patch) logging has had in
the White River watershed of the East
Kootenay....David C. Campbell, BCom'65,
(PhD, Berkeley), is now an associate professor
at the school of government and public administration with the American University in
Washington, D.C Roy Elrock Gunn,
BEd'65, is principal of Martin Elementary
School in Kelowna, but it wasn't always books
for the one time high school drop-out. At the
ripe old age of 17 he had decided he "already
knew everything" and began work for the railway where he worked his way up from the
freight office to middle management by the age
of 25. He found himself locked into the job and
company, and sacrificing too much; as a result,
he left his job and completed his high school
education through correspondence courses.
Today, along with his UBC degree, he has an
MA in administration and curriculum from
Gonzaga University David A. Lynn,
BEd'65, is now superintendent of school districts 81 and 87 in Fort Nelson, B.C. He was
formerly principal of Anne Stevenson Junior
Secondary School in Williams Lake and is a
past chair of the B.C. Federation of School
Athletics Association....Former publisher and
general manager of the Kamloops Daily Sentinel, Bruce M. Rowland, BA'65, is now publisher and general manager of the Barrie
Examiner. A director of The Canadian Press,
he has been a member of its news study committee.... David G. Smith, BA'65, has been
appointed to the Legal Services Commission of
British Columbia. A minister of the United
Church, he has worked as a parole and probation superintendent.
James Woodfieid, BA'65, PhD'71, has been
named executive assistant to the president at
the University of New Brunswick. An associate
professor of English at that university, he
specializes in modern drama and is completing
a two-year term on the national executive ofthe
Association of Canadian University Teachers of
English. For the past year he has been acting
university secretary.... Former member ofthe
RCMP, Vancouver lawyer Reginald D. Gran-
dison, BA'66, LLB'69, has been appointed a
judge of the provincial court....H. Dewell
Linn, MSc'66, (PhD, Sask), is director of urban and regional planning for the Saskatchewan region with the consulting firm of Underwood McLellan. He had served in both engineering and planning capacities with that
firm prior to his return to the University of
Saskatchewan on a PhD program in 1970. For
the past five years he has taught courses in
geography and urban planning at the University of Saskatchewan....As part of a major
program of scientific studies conducted in
Glacier and Mount Revelstoke National Parks
by Parks Canada, Wayne Patrick McCrory,
BSc'66, is conducting a two-year inventory of
the goat population of the Columbia Mountains. The investigation involves locating the
Football
All home games start at 2 pm, Thunderbird
Stadium.
Sept.
16
Manitoba at UBC
23
UBC at Alberta
30
Saskatchewan at UBC
Oct.
7
Puget Sound at UBC
14
Calgary at UBC
21
UBC at Manitoba
28
Alberta at UBC
Nov.
4
W.I.F.L. Playoff
(location, TBA)
11
Semi-Final Bowl
(location, TBA)
18
College Bowl
(location, Toronto)
Ice Hockey
All home games start at 7:30 pm, Winter Sports
Centre.
Oct.
27
Alumni Game
Nov.
3-4
Calgary at UBC
10-11
Alberta at UBC
17-18
UBC at Saskatchewan
24-25
UBC at Calgary
Dec.
1
Japanese Nationals at UBC
Basketball
All home games start at 8:30 pm, War
Memorial Gym
Oct.
27-28
Dogwood at UBC
Nov.
2
Dogwood at UBC
4
Grad Reunion Game at UBC
10-11
UBC at Victoria
17-18
UBC at Calgary
24-25
Alberta at UBC
Dec.
1
UBC at Lewis-Clark
2
UBC at Idaho
21
Dogwood at UBC
29-30
Athletes in Action at UBC
For tickets and further information on the
above events or on any UBC athletic event,
contact the athletics office, 228-2295 (women)
or 228-2531 (men). (It is suggested that you
inquire locally for location and time of "away"
games.)
At home or away —
a UBC team
needs your cheers...
27 TSSlEBSraES^
goat herds, mapping their ranges during all
seasons, and keeping notes on all aspects of the
goats' life style — feeding habits, reproduction, and the use of salt licks, to name a few. "I
am fascinated by their remarkable ability to
survive in the hostile and rugged terrain," said
McCrory.
Former professor and head of the department of educational foundations at the University of Manitoba, Terrence R. Morrison,
BEd'66, MA'67, (PhD, Toronto), is now dean
of the continuing education division at that
university. During the past year he has developed courses in labor and economics education and has been active in the development of
an adult education program — all in the faculty
of education. In 1977, he was honored by the
Ontario Historical Society as the recipient of
the E.A. Cruikshank Gold Medal for Merit for
his contributions to historical studies....New
resident manager of the Vancouver office of
INA Insurance company of Canada, is David
Ross Parry, BSc'66. He will be responsible for
the development and administration of the
INA's Canada Western Canadian business
....Lucinda A. Buchanan, BA'67, has moved
from The Belfry to the McPherson Playhouse
in Victoria as assistant to the Playhouse's
executive technical directors. She was a
member of the founding body of the Central
Island Arts Alliance and president of it for two
and a half years, and on the board ofthe Western Association of Drama Educators
....Natural resources division head Gary R.
Cronkwright, BSF'67, has been appointed
principal of the Frost Campus of Sir Sandford
Fleming College in Lindsay, Ontario. For the
past 10 years he has helped develop programs
currently offered by the college through the
natural resources division.... Director of Sports
Canada, Roger C. Jackson, MPE'67, (BA,
Western; PhD., Wisconsin), has been appointed dean of the faculty of physical education at the University of Calgary. Jackson, an
international athlete, competed in three Olympic Games and two world championships, sharing the gold medal for rowing (pair oars) in the
1964 Tokyo games with George W. Hunger-
ford, BA'65, LLB'68. In 1964 he was co-
winner of the Lou March Trophy as Canada's
outstanding athlete, and was made a member of
Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.
Stephen Wallace, BSc'67, PhD'71, was one
of four Canadians awarded an Alfred P. Sloan
Fellowship for basic research. The award,
amounting to $9,900 a year for two years, is
given to outstanding scientists in colleges and
universities in the U.S. and Canada....Marcus
Welby, Ben Casey, Dr. Kildare — beware.
For, faster than a speeding tow truck, Hollywood's Car Doctor, U.K.E. (Rick) Wiers-
bitzky, BA'67, is winning over the hearts of
many an automobile owner. With his 24-hour
seven-days-a-week mobile car repair service,
he is able to perform delicate tune-ups, tricky
malfunction analyses, and routine check-ups,
all on the side of the road or even in the office
parking lot if necessary....Marking the first
musical exchange between Japan and
Richmond, Kenneth W. Hackwell, BMus'68,
was in charge of taking a 45-piece band to
Wakayama, Japan....After travelling exten
sively throughout the Orient, India and uroii
to do her research, Evelyn H. Nagai, JA6S
(MA, Wisconsin), can add a PhD in Ind m^
Central Asian Art to her list of credi , Sfo
received her degree from the Univei it\\ {
California at Berkeley where she is n w ^
ing....Past president of the UBC coi metct
alumni division Patrick E. Parker, BC «m 64
MBA'69, is now vice-president of Mc lonalj
Restaurants of Canada Limited. In Van< )u\\a
he will manage the Western Canada opt. ation
and has also been appointed to the Bi trd j
Directors for the company....Reverem Cy«
Hamilton Powles, PhD'68, (BA, A cGill
STB, Trinity College; MA, Harvaro , w'
awarded an honorary Doctor of Divin ty dt
gree at the May convocation of the M mtrai
Diocesan Theological College. From 1)491
1971 he lived in Japan where he se ved i
number of churches and was profc^oi ol,
church history at the Central Theologic >.l Coll
lege ofthe Nippon Seikokai. In 1971, he lei!
Japan to become professor of church his<.orji
Trinity College, Toronto.
One ofthe toughest government jobs in B.C is
now in the hands of Donald R. Munroe
LLB'70, who officially takes over as head ofthe
B.C. Labor Relations Board October 2. Mun
roe's main labor relations experience has been
in serving on arbitration boards. He ab
chaired the Canadian Bar Association's B C
torni
poini
to 1'
MB*
Jlivo!
(pi tl
"trie1
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]M.
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A Postie's Lot
Is Not
A Happy One -..
Specially, when he brings the
Alumni Records Department
bags of Alumni 'Unknowns'..
So if you're planning lo
change your name, addresser
life style... let us know —■
and bring a little lightness
to a postie's walk, (enclosure of your
Chronicle mailing label is helpful)
an owl with a hat?
Atarax Reeords
6251 Cecil Green Park Road
Vancouver, B.C. VST 1X8
Name
(Maiden Name) • • • • • •
(indicate preferred title.Married women note husband's full name.)
Address ■
Class Year'
oh yes
that's the logo
they use at
on the campus 228-4741
the place where
SSOl
lM1
stan
Iwii
Ic.
!ke
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ch
mt
I en
for
ha
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2$ Chronicle/Autumn 1978 ri^mana^MisiiifesmiH
.\\)ini'
.101111
>n machinery design and manufacture
test, mining and construction indus-
. member ofthe dean's honor list at the
iv of Western Ontario where he has
dieted an MBA, Gary G.D. Kaiway,
, c on labor relations prior to his ap-
'i as vice-chair of the B.C. labor board
Glee D.G. Driedger, BCom'71,
''|p, i is the new manager, industrial rela-
* )vv Valley Resource Services, which is
ibi ii
s;ies
Un:\\'
just (
f5AS„ , is now working for Esso mineral,
(mpc Oil Division....The Acoustic Tele-
roeic • Geothermal Heat Flux Probe Model
gOA i 'C brainchild of Lawrence L. Lambert. Sc'71, founder of Applied Microsys-
teiris, d. in Saanich. The instrument looks
like i 'oss between a violin bow and a
fivpot mic syringe — only about 20 times
larger .' accurately measures the temperature
of s.eiK nentary levels in the ocean floor and is
jbecorr ,ig an indispensible tool for geophysi-
fcists ai.mnd the world. Lambert has created
other intricate instrumentation in his small
plant Ahich is informally run by electronics
enginci i ^> who "design one minute and sweep
'the floor, the next," according to Lambert.
"Naiural" is the word Teresa M. Frolek,
BHE'72, uses to describe her textile work,
{which she showed this spring at Heritage
.House in Kamloops. She describes her "in-
"scapes" as using "natural materials in natural
^colors, reflecting natural feelings."...With an
iappomtment running until 1980, Franziska
fM. Knischen Grant, MA'73, is now the director of the art gallery at Acadia University. She
'■has in rhe past worked in Vancouver and Ottawa as a language teacher....Susan L. Matti-
son, BEd'73, DEDF'77, is now working in 100
;Mile House as a special class and learning assistance teacher where she works with children
with hearing impairments....In 1966, Dennis
C. Cherenko, BA'73, was injured playing hockey and was left a paraplegic. Today, after
regaining partial control of his upper arms and
hands, he is executive director of B.C. Wheelchair Sports where he organizes the various
{meets in cooperation with the provincial government and is a coordinator of the various
, organizations including the G.F. Strong Rehabilitation Centre and Paraplegics Association Denise Dare, BSN'73 and Karen Mux-
' low* BSN'74 both share the same beat in Maple
Ridge — and the same tasks of visiting homes
• and schools and holding clinics and follow-ups
to ens'ire healthy citizens in the vast area west
of Mi -ion.... Timothy E. Mossman, PhD'73,
is or, of two, chief investigators in a new
laki'j-ory at the University of Alberta design * o study the secrets of the body's defence
sysn A biochemist, Mossman has been an
assi^ .-it professor in the immunology depart-
mei or the past six months, having arrived
fror. ie University of Glasgow where he was a
Car an Centennial fellow at the institute of
bioc mistry. He is a member of the prestigious edical Research Council group dealing
with -iimunoregulation.... Patricia Schroeder
Jaci >n, BSc'73, has been kept very busy
the< ^ast few years. She received an M.A.R.
iro Westminster Seminary in 1975 and a
i h' . 1977. She is now married and living in
Ha^ irn, Australia.
•inted to the Pacific Forest Research
c« m Saanich, Thomas H. Hail, PhD'74,
a ■" urationist, is studying the effects of
^r 11 g and fertilizing of Douglas fir forests in
**•<■ 'd the Yukon. A computer expert, he
nas> > eloped methods of monitoring and pro-
jecting forest growth and development.... Ricnard H. Lemon, BA'74, is manager ofthe Tourism B.C. Vancouver office. He
was in Castlegar last June as the instructor of a
five day counselling techniques course — a
course he is responsible for originating....II-
limar Altosaar, PhD'75, is now assistant professor of food chemistry in the newly created
program of nutrition in the biochemistry department of the University of Ottawa where he
researches new protein foods. After a postdoctoral fellowship at Imperial College in London,
England, he was senior research assistant in the
research institute ofthe Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario....Last February, the
correct answer to a TV quiz show question on
the subject of Shakespeare made Barbara Anne
Eddy, BA'76, $128,000 richer. The champion
of the $128,000 Question, a Global Network
production, has spent the time since travelling
in Britain and Europe, with five weeks spent
seeing Canada. This fall, she has enrolled at
McGill University and is working towards the
degree of master of library science... .Horticulturist Mamey K. James-Thomson, BSc'76,
has been appointed by the B.C. ministry of
agriculture to serve the vegetable industry in
the interior of the province. Located in the
Summerland office, she will work mainly with
the vegetable growers in the Okanagan and
Kootenay areas.... Serving the dairying areas of
Prince George, Bulkley Valley and the Peace
River, Thomas E. Nash, BSc'76, is the new
dairy specialist at the Prince George office of
the British Columbia ministry of agriculture.
He will be assisting dairymen and dairy plant
managers in the production and processing of
quality milk products.
One of six Canadian pharmacy students to
receive the award, Alicia Poianin, BSc'76, was
presented with a cash grant as part of the
Warner-Lambert Canada pharmacy research
fellowship program. The fellowships are given
to pharmacy graduates who continue on for
Masters of Pharmacy degrees.... Teaching the
introductory course on organic chemistry for
the summer session was Robert Perkins,
PhD'76, who for the past two years has been on
faculty of Memorial University, Corner Brook,
Newfoundland....From Terrace, B.C. comes
news of Michael P. Collins, MLS'77, who is
the new librarian at the Terrace Public Library.
He is enthusiastic about the library's forthcoming $175,000 expansion and his new post
....Getting into the job market for Garnet M.
Etsell, MSc'77, meant taking a "milker
training" program because "the farmer still
wants to talk to someone who can milk cows."
t >'"»?' ... ,*" ~. ,«r;,i;*« g-K + i
xi ' -- - f
Pat Parker
He now works at Toop's dairy farm in Sardis
where he is combining his university training in
animal science with his growing practical experience....Patricia Foulkes, BEd-E'77, is
teaching at Correlieu Senior Secondary School
in Quesnel where she has been "really enjoying
my job...watching kids do something physical
rather than mental." She has distant plans for a
Masters degree after a few more years at Correlieu.... The first woman to hold the position
for the Alberta Wheat Pool, Marilyn P. Hynes,
BSc'77, was appointed as assistant manager of a
Lethbridge elevator in 1977. She now holds the
same position in the Pincher Creek
Elevator....Lyse Lemieux, BFA'78, is education animateur at the Vancouver Art Gallery.
For the past two years she has worked on a
secretary of state fellowship teaching French in
the monitor program for the Vancouver School
Board.
Grichton-Ladbury. Colin Crichton, BSc'68,
(MSc, Guelph) to Margaret Ladbury, BA'71,
August, 1977 in Kamloops....Beynom-Syrett.
Peter K. Beynon to Sandy Syrett, BMus'74,
March, 1978 in Vancouver.
Mr. and Mrs. Gordon L. Davis, BSc'68, (J.
Marie Beardmore, BEd'72), a daughter, Karen
Mary-Beth, May 4, 1978 in Kelowna....Mr.
and Mrs. Stephen J. Dickman, (Veronica
Melville, BEd'70), a daughter, Heather Veronica, April 21, 1978 in Madison, Wisconsin....Mr. and Mrs. Robert Duncan, (Verna
Ketler, BEd'73), a son, Darren Robert,
January 4, 1978 in Victoria....Mr. and Mrs.
William N. Duncan, BA'66, a son, Jeffrey
Tyler, June 6, 1978 in Kamloops....Mr. and
Mrs. William J. Feyer, (J. Joan Smythe,
BSW'77), a daughter, Laura Joan, June 9,
1978 in Victoria....Mr. and Mrs. Berad C.
Guetschow, BA'67, (Paula Jakobsen, BA'67),
a daughter, Heidi Anita, December 3, 1977 in
Anchorage,- Alaska....Mr. and Mrs. David
Stewart Hill, BSc'71, MSc'73, (Sandra
Richards, BSc'71), a son, Graeme David, June
16, 1978 in Kamloops....Mr. and Mrs.
Timothy J. Roberts, BA'66, (Janet C. Currie,
BA'66, MSW'76), a daughter, Meran Simone,
29 ...Is your personal marketplace. It's a way to reach the more
than 70,000 Chronicle readers (about half in Vancouver, the
rest in more exotic locales) whether you have a vacation, to
offer, a greeting to send, a home to exchange or something to
sell — from a book, to a pot of organic honey, to a widgit,
almost anything.
Send us your ad and we'll find a category.
Art
Visit the Shieling Gallery, Bowen Island.
Paintings, prints and sculptures by Sam
Black. Open weekends and daily^July,
August, September. Call 112-947-9391 or
261-9691 for directions.
Books/Periodicals
Crossroads: The world of islam. A
colorful new glossy magazine about Islamic countries. Travel; History; Arts;
Crafts; Personalities; Cuisine. 12 issues
for $12 surface; $20 airmail. Write Joyce
En?er (Conroy-Finn, BA'61), P.K. 116
Levent, Istanbul,rTurkey.
Lifestyles
UBC's Women's Resources Centre: drop-
in counselling, referral and life-style
planning, Ste. 1, 1144 Robson St. Vancouver, BC (685-3934).
Travel
Condominium: The Whaler on Kaanapali
Beach, Maui. Sleeps 4 or family of 6.
Write: Tri-Crest Realty Ltd., 4412-27th
Street, Vernon, B.C.
Want a Rent-Free Vacation? Write: Holiday Home Exchange, Box 555, Grants,
New Mexico, USA 87020.
Chronicle fcikssified is a regular quarterly feature. All classified advertisements are deceptbd and positioned at the discretion of the publisher. Acceptance does rifriimply product or service endorsement or support. Rates: $1
per word, !0/w6iid minimum; 10% extra for display; 10% discount for four
times insertidh. Telephone numbers and postal codes count as one word.
Cheque or money order must accompany copy. Closing date for next issue
(Dec. 1) is Nov. 15. Chronicle Classified, 6251 Cecil Green Park Road, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1X8 (228-3313).
Chronicle Classified Order Form
This is my message:
i am enclosing $_
for.
words.
(Please make cheques payable to UBC Alumni Association)
Please run my ad time(s) in the following issue(s):
(Chronicle publishing dates: Dec. 1, March 15, June 15, Sept. 15)
Name . :
30 Chronicle/Autumn 1978
ETSSTFI
November, 1977 in Vancouver ,' r
Mrs. Victor Ryback-Hardy, BASc'7(
Gruenwald, BEd'72), a daughter
Elizabeth, March 10, 1978 in Ri
....Mr. and Mrs. SaquibKhan, BSc'"
Saquib Pasha Wayne, July 6, 1978 i
Vancouver....Mr. and Mrs. Jurgen
BSc'74, (Dorothy M. Perry, BSc'74),
ter, Marlena Emerald, May 3, 1978 i
George.
Sat
hm,
,a* *
Nor'
■ h!
Prir1
c
*
Pharic D.I. Honeyman, BSc'21, Man n, h, TSJp(
in Lajolla, California. Native of Vancot veij fair1
served in the Seaforth Highlanders md ui''flf$n1
awarded the Military Cross in 1918. One' }$M
UBC's first metallurgy students, he was a diru' PJF
tor of Anaconda Copper Ltd. and president! f'|in
Inspiration Consolidated Copper Co. ii, Animal
na. He was named "Man of American Mining iifjq
in 1957. Survived by his wife, daughter andu! Ǥk
sisters. [ '^ct
Miriam Ellen Cosens Darling, BA'39, Juhl \\L
1978 in Vancouver. For many years an aun' 'ii
member of St. Anselm's Anglican Chuich '
is survived by her husband (G. Dudley I
ing, BCom'39, past president of the alumi'
association, 1953-54), two sons, one daughti
and two sisters.
Hazel M. Macdonald, BA'49, April, 1978j
Huronview, Ontario. After graduating si
taught for some years in Ethiopia. A Deacones
with the Women's Missionary Society (WMs
in Western Canada, she served two terms mil
the WMS in Taiwan, one in Kenya and
with the Inland Missions. A member of Ki
Presbyterian Church in Goderich, Ontario,
was the first woman ever to be elected Lo mji
Kirk Session of Knox Church. She returned\\fe
Goderich in 1972 and was active in Girl Guide! I
and Ranger associations. Survived by a sister
two nieces and one nephew.
Fridtjof A. Frebold, MSc'55, (BSc, Caileton
March, 1978 in Ancaster, Ontario. An
geologist in Alberta before entering the teacl
ing profession, he was a keen conservatiomsi
At the time of his death he was head ot geoj
raphy at Orchard Park High School, Stone)
Creek. Survived by his wife, (Agnes Willfoit
Frebold, BA'54), two sons, two daughter*
father, brother and three sisters.
Robert W.V. Dickerson, BCom'58, LLB'61
(PhD, London), June, 1978 in Vancouver A
lawyer, chartered accountant and ecor* jmist
he had a national reputation in the fi Ids ol
corporate and tax law. Shortly after .in ap
pointment as assistant professor of law ?
in 1965, he went to Ottawa as a special < Ivisor
on taxation to the department of finan e He
later directed the drafting of the new Ca sadian
Business Corporations Act and was
member of the Carter Commission on tr .ation
reform. In 1975 he was appointed to thi corn
mission studying Canadian corporate cc icent
ration, later serving as senior commis1 oner
The commission's findings were tal led a
month before his death. Survived by h wife
and two sons.
William J. Mclntyre, MD'63, April, IS
cidentally in Quesnel. After graduatinf; from
UBC, he spent a year of internship at I ;troit
Receiving Hospital, Michigan, and th n re
turned to British Columbia where he prc used
medicine in Quesnel until his death. Su n\\
by his wife and three children. □ it's the Oiffeffemce
ictwcen red and white wii
r»
b ai
ftiere ik lot of fancy talk and one-upmanship
,fl wine !;scussion, but with relatively few fundamental? you can learn enough to hold your
fifad up—talk about wines, buy them and serve
;li|m at home with assurance.
mnch wines are produced in a wide variety of
jlality fend type. Each kind of wine develops a
fique character depending on the soil, climate,
ijtiety of grape, methods of cultivation and projection
5$jme French wines, owirig to the care given
and to their quality, are expensive. Some
Hers are very good, but if not well known are
}hin everyone's means. Very few of us can af-
fd to drink the "great" wines except perhaps
very special occasions. However, many
fod French wines are available in a wide varie-
jof types and prices.
)w {or the Questions and Answers:
|. How do I shop for wine?
I|« Basically there are four wine types:
Sparkling, such as Champagne and other
wines,
Hose, such as Cotes de Provence Rose, Anjou
fibse,
Bed, such as Burgundy, Bordeaux;
White, such as Chablis, Alsace, Sauternes.
in Frai'ca, wines are usually listed by their region
of origin, such as Alsace or Bordeaux, and a
label rr av tell you the bottle is a Riesling from
Alsace i his wine is made from the Riesling
grape Cher types of grapes such as Pinot Noir,
et-Sauvignon are widely used in other
wing areas. There are dozens of grape
ind many wine producing regions in
id we suggest you experiment with
find the ones you like best,
flection of wines. Keep them in a dark
cool closet, and begin with a couple of
^h from the French wine regions of
Beaujolais, Burgundy (the English
Bourgogne), Loire, Alsace, Cotes du
id a bottle of Champagne. Then sub-
you can select one, depending on
are having for dinner. Store bottles
'y, to keep corks wet and virtually air
lellation Controlee" on the label is an
of rigid government controls from the
the vines to the bottling of the wine.
or Cab.
grape s
variety
Frana
them £'
Start a
cellar c
bottles
Borde<
name i
Rhon^-
saque--
what .,
I'onzor
tight
assura,
rJanim
A. The juice from grapes is generally colourless. Red wine is made by fermenting the juice
with the grape skins, as the colour comes from
the skins. White wine comes from fermenting
grape juice without skins. Rose (French for
"pink") results when the skins are removed from
the process when the colour becomes the required pink.
Q. What about "vintage"
wine? - \\
A. A year of ST exceptional weather
when all factors have been especially favourable
for grape cultivation is an exceptional vintage
year. Weather conditions vary and a great year
in Burgundy might be an average year in
Bordeaux. Furthermore, wine is a living thing
and develops continuously. A wine may be
good one year and develop to become exceptional the year after. There are charts issued by
the Canadian Council of French Wines that list
vintage years for each region, but this is a very
complex subject and except for the connoisseur,
one is advised to judge each wine on its merits
as perceived by personal taste. If it gives you
pleasure and you feel it is worth the price, then it
is the right wine for you.
Q. What wine goes with
what food?
case the food would overpower the subtle
flavour of the wine. So, over the centuries, people who take dining seriously, have developed
an approach whereby one uses white wines of
delicate bouquet and flavour with foods of
delicate flavour such as seafood and fowl. Use
hearty red wines with strongly flavoured dishes
and meats. Beyond this, there is room for much
individual preference, and you should experiment, then use whatever wine you like best no
matter what the colour. It may help you to know
that some wine experts drink red wine with any
kind of food, just because they like red better
than white.
Q. Is there a "proper" way to
serwe wines?
White and rose wines
cold but not very cold,
gnes and sparkling wines
quite cold. Most red wines
are served
Champa-
are served
are best at the
temperature of a cool room (about 60 degrees
F. or 15 degrees C.) Light fruity red wines, such
as Beaujolais, are the exception, and are served
slightly cooled. Uncork red wines an hour before
serving to let them "breathe" (except for fruity
wines and very old wines).
In the last analysis, once again, experiment and
serve the wines you like, at the temperature you
find most pleasing.
Stem glassware was designed to keep your
fingerprints off the bowl, so you can enjoy the
colour of the wine and your hands won't warm
it. A tulip-shaped, colourless, thin glass that
holds 8 to 12 ounces is most suitable, but you
can use whatever you have. Pour only 2/3 full.
Swirl the wine in the glass to bring out the bouquet, and then take your first taste with the
For more information on how to
serve and enjoy French ^
wines, send this _ '.r,> '
1 «#£^^
Group of Seven • Canadiana
* Appraisals • Restoration
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(604) 685-2619/1131
*MemberA.A.A."""@en, "Titled \"[The] Graduate Chronicle\" from April 1931 - October 1948; \"[The] UBC Alumni Chronicle\" from December 1948 - December 1982 and September 1989 - September 2000; \"[The] Alumni UBC Chronicle\" from March 1983 - March 1989; and \"Trek\" from March 2001 onwards."@en ;
edm:hasType "Periodicals"@en ;
dcterms:spatial "Vancouver (B.C.)"@en ;
dcterms:identifier "LH3.B7 A6"@en, "LH3_B7_A6_1978_09"@en ;
edm:isShownAt "10.14288/1.0224251"@en ;
dcterms:language "English"@en ;
edm:provider "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en ;
dcterms:publisher "Vancouver : Alumni Association of the University of British Columbia"@en ;
dcterms:rights "Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the University of British Columbia Alumni Association."@en ;
dcterms:source "Original Format: University of British Columbia. Archives."@en ;
dcterms:subject "University of British Columbia. Alumni Association"@en ;
dcterms:title "UBC Alumni Chronicle"@en ;
dcterms:type "Text"@en ;
dcterms:description ""@en .