@prefix vivo: . @prefix edm: . @prefix ns0: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix skos: . vivo:departmentOrSchool "Science, Faculty of"@en, "Botany, Department of"@en, "Zoology, Department of"@en ; edm:dataProvider "DSpace"@en ; ns0:degreeCampus "UBCV"@en ; dcterms:creator "Thomas, George Philip"@en ; dcterms:issued "2012-03-06T20:17:52Z"@en, "1956"@en ; vivo:relatedDegree "Doctor of Philosophy - PhD"@en ; ns0:degreeGrantor "University of British Columbia"@en ; dcterms:description "[Abstract Omitted]"@en ; edm:aggregatedCHO "https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/41180?expand=metadata"@en ; skos:note "& cx®mm*zz:~ to a n;.rnrr:. nr-irrsYiir r x or ?TR OKREKSE: or zrauj ?ixc rose, ^ m ^ i T €§1110* f%IS% ttiM^ 4 t b s s i s m&sitt^ §m partial f t j l f l l ^ ^ of tS» Sift « ® w r t % Bsrtttiti ftOftftte fey, if* m mil tts© t&tgjb AMgntnoy G* ontc03S!la©d ca M i ceelocic^l ba0ia with tit© i®aiit theft § 3 haM&ato ataMi^isl^os. ?!» &KROC« i^mMur i» aooh habitat of tha* to tba 40 te otttab Hi® twgm mtrnmi mefOaaO^m A pxaoaamA mA tot*o**raeicQ&l wlatStn la «fea fm§mm of tho fteeai OMO mm ta tmm$ U- t l * m&nmmMl m&mmm ipMtffto i l l eaA of i t ® M ^ H « » mm mmlm #mrmftmm*» of a Pacific «t®Sfi$% »rovSxk*5 f i * * t a f c ^ l w l e te^ i tion tfw* ogaurrcnce of m» m mm %» l««t ft p s t e r :!nf tlm dM «ttii* te% apart fyos tt»t of i i t e m t x®@i#t&s®e $® UOmUtm, i M coe fwstw? ten l i . ^ t i r ^ . £t««^Kwic tactpwmtwo «ma temSditgf, r# &P?sw<3 tte rttwtpyl ifefttam of a l l iamt tcfiueaoo tfaus^ s l s i w «*t«»aft*il &m>wmm m mm toiiiiM^c end hl^l* «g®t@^ to wtawieipi support ©£ tiia 3i*p*0i%i8tSffli by *j» sffldor QfflcxMm of ti» ftpaat B.loloa.-^ ^ a % &>«••%•»* a* MmtmM$mm§ ©tiaoa, S»* J*g* ata*» tola** M B^io^ 9t**a*»% mmm^ p i l i i , ia • gwot « » » at 4a H* oo^wli ©f tha lasaatlpitiAB mm®0 MB mmmm mm m m * * mmm m i t . H i a i of tls© Paouli? of Hi® JML'wrsitv of &pii£»% tifrti»frf*» laoos w§l )ia%ffcft no itajpa&i Ite B&fts&ls of tea \"';it?!cle.-/p jMvsiiei pidaaaa for al?, %ufc too jfjajft of th© i^3tigjit5.o% fiwwM* 4*a a^w la Wstm W* Fs\"ofte«s®08rjf hwo %ian ssost tselpful -oftfe. Sm t t » m* mm* of the wo*fe ana i n ta® feopmite of *J» ommrn of ttw a r t M * Col^Ma Fcs^i Hat**®® tm&m* « a %gf sgj&siiliixg is* m of f3a3£ facilities at ^ sa&r on® t r 4*af»<«atamiafOB* of iWtoeetitei^ mmm&m. of oeaasa to p M s tfcsftt aas th© w of feolHtl^ ttero wsj^r by ta* fwoot Ssateati^ on % ®!s©l® « i ay i* wmmmim 12* tSS&J^^B fflStWK. stinoftl^UQtilfsf **» Ura^pi » * * • « * « * # * • * * « « « # » « . . » » » » 3$ » • * *# « • • • • »* a • « « ## #*«,*«#** * « . * • • « « • « * « • « « « • « • 16 us* OTiisancR or PBrmDos insra • •«•«••••••*»•>•••••• 21 mvvm& ~ ••»•**•••>•«#«•«*•« »••*»•* •«»<#*»•••••<•*»• ••»«••• j0 41 m IB « E K f SOttOHAB •*•»••••••••«>•«••••»•»« 52 ............................... * ft* V78&X38WB - to the \"-csmsboe &K ^Atflfe * $tm30& t© the smtMiX wiA Twx&htxs* witMa M t ^ t o ffcf©s% &3©a©i&ilcss3 IA Sable IS* l t a m i m ^^^tll^^f^iS^ ftttit * St* oasp&xstl-M te^taw of g# _ _ ftult teas** art awl l a ms^m b m S a i i k m A *mbm* f i r ..TT.... 40 map Wmm mm m mm^m to* mm$ $® mm 3.0* m»®mmm ®m mm® a#. fa i f i % fe* ©mania m mmemto «f UsttiHi amxmM* m&m&mmm®M|§amm mmm$&m\\§»WM$ WMs aaaiai**** i n tst^ * MUr iw> mmtai in SmsM Mi Barofj© $s$KI k&t3@ifeSi& j^ jjfi^ l yffl«^ ff«tpaiooa«oMoa Mama* of eeataetti f«ee*ia# vao ahoam t a fee a M t f y IA eater fey later «a w eoag&ete etatteya laiilowaaa that «*iwsiw aaaaa e&ttin tha aenaee of i t e aoee MtsSJtal te the ftelgSi&f lt o pop^latlcs tml oSteoH bel&g t©» piSSii aa ia6foe* e&thlft lanrelflaleff *»gi€«i§#. m tte feaasa* for ejeettjdbe* tfce ftwpp « ooaalaMi to of no i n atafefto of the i M f ooaot foieoi of Se&a&ilft la esttlittet Its tea^teg l l M W ^ OXKI y M f i f f l t ?iitb a sos?® gasselee ©\"ssltmMfjs be..Ssg of tha osrtont aafl oeefiittoii of the fovea* 3«wsf®6 cf 3r*tiam Ce&abJa, &» Mtt^rfaa tern §mM te easy In l t o o m m t eoth is sogiooe of ffesiwfi Mdft ebyBia» sad I n tfecwt of lav aho*IaBaa« fo &)m% hm beae tt® mttUAAm o o o M t e ^ mt o oe«»pt of r'csml Isprtm» m f»f«dM to m&» ftm©» cannot b® Mgftfcatol^ twli»3 to BrlMA fhe aMft «or * fwewMwitloa of tt* bsMto o p f f i l t e of forest fonnlf M i l «* ton® of g, tfoaioripa is ^spawwt to viesr of tt* detailed pSifissiBfi tts@t to&y featewtt jw^oj^t^asa for offsetl*?© « ® @ l « a * of ftaetfo nnftto* It tut© bosons laportwt to Wmm fear to «Btt«dtj»ftw tt© mmmmm of iotiiy «oA ta aggtMfetft it® o^ snifSotnat inter tha imm of i»tas«X. ooMatloM tt*t «fen»wftM£a»- aw ftttttaOa* forest unit* Qamp pwpois of this itwooMffctto® to teDMttMi to otesly mm aifxwls of tho ooolo. - o f g. MwtiSifeB ^ thai * p w M Mr *• «»* ft» fftwllo© cr otJwr dbaBOafir tssport^ 4bt*tw ft*|S# oaS to fe-<»rt*dri tjtf «w2*sat© M A of tt* tag«r Hwfcosw tt»% ocstfmfiL tMs Jta@*# g&» tt* v$m polists- of i t s distribetioa and •Mlitsr to oauas da:v.c.fje, m tt*£ Its atatilsjsfc ooowswa® In aatwo my be ar*t3olpat©a# mm «$0emskm mm mM to tt* etttSwwt of t l * *fe$srtf»«a of in «0nr t© awsjw cur uboeq«**Jt; otaltesgots to this mr* fa? tha fur«;>tts aoso *s®S» ejaa. £t w aniser ocrao ^ s w Ssto% oho fimly oot^Oishad tho tsars® £• ^JBOk^iffi* rose ocaftrovoray exia&e as t© the ^ot@ttt4o eaa»UQiB*kit of £• tAaatcaKto bat* co^ wdloou of ito befog pSsoot is the foarooaaaeyo) by Hilor (30), ooot other waste® a*«srta lte wfamttat In the jgAKflMfc* Both the l^wsaoiixw finx! Dromon of tlw tmcvm am foCTotf i a oontoot with an aerial ©anrircasrwot. Stell&a&y* tho irxaccc cvo cllw»nj.rietiofi csnd fwalmte, oat? ponrtaratlctt If t!» ftr^tir in a?roct«3 into outwit tlosuo In a® oaartal oawimEBor.t. follarinc pctwtrntioo thr> fmom dojolono OJS jprtaen ocllular ijjKKlluB that nrilfioo ttatradbuut t!» Jvorfcrooa of Ito tuaet* Tbe sstfiwltetfc (too riatoo I and II) ia qcdtQ atsttaot ttm tlwt oooood tor other ftinci o£th the eesoortiao of ooao of Its adwsaewl •tegoo iildbab **» «?2«t2ar to tbo o«siml©f* otoe^a of Asacy os»»! \\& i Sftoya ^ g M i a e a ^ t e Alb. as! Solar • OK F*b Tbo SMtlal «*2 f&cal otocoo of E* U .'5tarli» fi©s«j* «ro ooasalfcr cpito rwfiil^ fllst&^aia&>» a&fc Upon of SteacaEi siox^di^lfegtfia* althou#i Dior ot ol« 0 ) tare irtw«*sg the tioed fox onltsoml £3oni&£kni£on i f tie two dooajro mm to be oiattaguittfioiU ?!» oorly aooariptow of tlaotoritaa Aooay giiraa % naScffjofc (19) a»* '»5awi® (2T) two ?TO onroonlM! fey w g£we fey fwtr oar! ;*ftozt (42) «oioh ia a® follooot •Sho osSwcao rot of ZM^g^^B^ip tisatc^pa io difficult to <5©toet anti, yuloaa oooocrwiiod'ly ^xll bjoroibli tlioao^or* atlas* or % wMiuh or QMojalia stafool'-s, oanoot b® $ot©ote& oitSwttt wary olaso toapoatlco* Is t£* oarl^ - atones of tho aoos^ th» »ooi mmemo a Saiatr y®13«Kls!% «po»cy testaro* Boootieno this ©tee© i s SstOKdf^ tfao p m w s of enoll, bwwl^ aloaMBA&Cte* lawsis* mm® *&tb lacttr iswlop 4f*o the l^ piool doesy* latocslm of aSeonoc tot be^ans tpjiicwl. w* fwteo ft?w dbent too to six f©et S& Jftloii ostasofar ma &o» about a » to fivo foot l a msixmi <®m 1yptaA t*% tm* * a^ sMish broro t© \\mm&s$i imUm oo3or». «^tm opottofi with ©soos ©? e aei?© f l ^ l ruot oolor m& wmmi.?mll& $®m$®s Btntka of a Atcfe to xo^HA t*ow It h» a i*rtas7 tosturo* 2B ^JO last stei^© of th» le «atdM3sr dl«t?sirf«S# oivinc to 1mm anit&ts* 7i» otariai^ smttsssi of tfao rot «n be readily mm Sa tbi0 vta^e* pertlonlarlr in tte end® of l o ^ # ffJSt I* sts^©at w tlloitaotaftt aso of j§# Visum 2 . OOKOB wfeoa of 33* i M & d of «fa© tint** an mmtmm&§ I* a aBOMfUUMW of whother soot SoJaottaoo tew «^»@a* AwoalatidB ©ill i»wo wnma obovt too gswai Uao* i X X , i p » 4 fi0s$» JU ^ mm^-M ,0atmJ%F» 3a> ai**** of iisou $30mitm%Ut& of s iooe^ ooftttn at 4S£f«iwt potato «ha*a the ajraaat 2te% via*, at IS foot (loaor loft). 34 foot (Xooor 50 foot C«o» ****)« a » mmm mmsfimmM cf tegdr-^a* *wo{r# illiwiswiefl io tho top Ala** oooi&lSj «®g«sr aova«aX foot foa^roait o^aaoeei flossy* doooy aaS tho tefe stpwte hlotoheoj, as illiurtara&edj aa» %pd«8sl of P.* #0007* FS^» &* ^par. n^ffnA1^6!':^* * taiRlanoy to stag «rfc attoa* aa iUnataatol, of ^ i ^ ^ a a stages of F.. Uaotorlao too^r# a sSeosy la ite fico! 8t&e©e utwsOly wmalte & aoatamtloa of tho imee^mxA* tho otaih otsge of i:» %SM%OI*W Aaaey aa it At 53 feat abow tho ^ rosaa X i » Ss a f t p s * #* 2ia» o f tiba at 13 foot ahaee the taaa aa 133a*ee*ftea m Mmm % af s. as it 0^ 300X0 i l l a® W&ak m& mlm of tt* mamptmwm is oftm* fount g» . M ^ f ^ p ©oi3®®»t«t<§ in «*& edjaserA to m^Ilojy te tt*4t ©i*tsitaa# ®m t t * rsain mmw of sp*3UWl opcood* f l * mA te^o tt*t olm^otoxte wcog rtaftsiBS of vmi 0®Bs by i^tsstlfm sa*\" the diffusion of ootetog ssstttsr* Ctertste of tt* gpw isM sdtaroooopio ANtoaw* of tt* ftssguoj, m ajT-amxt 1® artailMsi oultu^, ten tm®si teoxteS by iwtfiss® j § (12) •** MAss U l ) both of i n *inaaf£ tt* fnop* tt* purpose of t^sarSfe-Sah^t*, lit a •fesy Of tt* mmm aetivity of 1* .flbaj***^ (>')» aotivl% is % teiss^t f i M t t t * i l ^ s i ^ ^ of « ^ m$*m tW}§. aft* mfjm^mi tfe* mmmmm of *l«a* « ^ # t ^ i ^ | . M ^ W - 2* * te^w ©tadj of the oae^s* aat£s$% of tt*: £uaga»t «l*isaiei3 'Ha Oiworw* «8» wsspii® TmtimmBA in b©#s votHftl ggwrtfe aad peosace of hftte fae* ooH to toll* a» owolatat oa tha basic of mssto torts that too ©sw^ oo® of j|* tiootq^ bjy fta*tdoB elnoot outtely in tho ipqurfch of tho £tegi»« \"She BO&I of ottaols by ft»®s0 5m wxA mm fto* »4spot«a % Bo%soot (19) *bo ozptwood th© opinio* that It flaat ottoeiso tho apvtag «Orf of oooh aneaal rinc, ooaoteg tt© wood to a*pe*ete iote £ao!swf aad that « * 0 2 j tha oood io fo* tea |»**ha* pert fiictolvod sssi Soft in a ^ &Hm or bwoo atarlany «we# Tha wo dotoHojt w t o of ihfeart (22) ©al 'femora (27) pkm& particular att*tr upon the »3o of winHa^ J ^ s In the pttajeeea of $o«v# r«a*re aa^^fftafi a @o«|iionse of deeey u^volopncnt for- fuoeuo em foBowat tho ^ Jaswaife ^ ^ ^Me baeetc tloon to leave o ]**eet of dacKi/ «h@» tho r^'ullary **y {aweee teoo#i the g^irc wsat* Swh peoioto em fozwd is tte eprSng woeS of iEd|ooost ssatpaci riogc iM2o tho owner eoei m t e txawal*» ®O»»»3JI0 tb* b s » » » ©f mmma. «sai% both i*a»rt «** ^ hewta aooo^xdad that o^^fos«^ FtoSit aeoy xoKoatoon esMfflw ittpit^giww otsrsor ISM oitnor 0*0 vet tao ^ ^ ^ a l loyow 007 bo foxa*d wsfe year* 2ho frxtit b©^* (aao f3a^» ZZZ and XV) ia t*t*oaJaJL to tha tb/vt for aw^»l Klgg 2X3* f$9mm-V^ * W mm m* mmmm* mjmmumGm* ***** tpcm***** %t» vpr** oladt m& wasted, at llluiftnxtad* feat ia j m g w mpmz0mm it $® tmsaalJjr teasn, aaaatife «nS saoa* ^ p i 1 1 • k¥W£, ,,Wr:mm- X« aj*aaja»aao tt* Imm OttXfMJt Oaaj&ata of fWtt»Xl^ arranged taota, er apiaaa* that ax* haw* aa6 gs«gr. to youngsr ^ «»S*W I I« # a* saanftMAMlji •* ao» tt* aasaiaa of mm mm fes lew is tjrpiaallr aasoalait? «aa aftlto to Hgjii tan to ooSov* FigUgFO 1 2 . « * laaa*. fyarfeaft. m mtaml taaaatlaB in the. of ts® teitMl portion of tt* Jtassr aoERfOQo ooours 2ft ©]yNuF a?jj-tsfsfeowof its iXttistrst^dj to tte- potet aaava a eporophoa* * W P to faaofclaa i a «P*a3£gt&C*» TOXfeo® of * s««**l3«r4^ ^ £ » ^ a ^ S i i S a t i « $M aoat ataaaant aaa* tt* oate of tha @p$g»@ is oUs* cporo^»rec ass$ l a wwsJlj Jjsffitt&if# as tt2saaa*taat % «M1&a» Mtftoa* Pfcitt W§ U p M M * i f M Flrur* 14* mm® u>* ton* «Vaa*a»A to tie axajl* Itoajgad fey tha th© tan* tela* Spwaftjww at* toa@a la on tha 3*»« aotfaoe of living fewsaAsit at illutaM*© HIND tha boita* IttaafearteaV Ticxao *7« laaattloa. of clloae to tha 3Uno 3® staaSs iat ao S5# ac Illtartia*e6« or i t em « mm b$»mtm th&t aoBttaiy eews th© loswr wfiw® eoegOately* fee fkudt* boety boo bnjft by 'Stir and I l i w t (42) OO JWiT^ fffW ®2ho OWtef jp®»s ataraetar fey vitiab. the fjpu£t£n£ o^fiza of tho ftagsw ooy be foedily foo^pdswS is o %a®sitoo oesasliSt\"* J»g Of Wiasawwt f i r s , tltfe** ataarooliitad tooth of « light trow The upper ®*ft»o ia alanet htoo% i s o2S i)i,eja1ii)iioj>i oeeftl2y of o Mfjbtw o@X©f w!*o» JS^oswsgp and eawrt»iomtt|f eeoodf oooh aom roprooanting a j'«aa?,8 pmwtb* & a c p w l ^ ooiidttliBt the €»ts» M M i s ahlte «r bwo% acefeaet eolid and of a r%wNowis0a to oaieiRe* f^Aw ooXajr* Sis fiMl otw&o&ejstotio© of tho faulting organ ^ ^g^oo^^2^%^bswaiy ollipo«Wj^x^«j •fdbaM} bfa*ste «f yowag gyoa&nc fanajae io by no mono tooted i n tho bogtesiisg but ia tygtaslly dnafeOfile:** after a Da* yewss the tttswt to ebioh a nor byentttua i s 2©ia M* eaflgifioa A# ter. (cod f i r ) , 1# ^U. (coble fir), ^ aaj| ««ol^yyi ^ erty (^ aloaon sprooo)» ontt r ; ^ ^ ^ f a i , taaftgcft|f. (roir») BSnUtaa (BoorjSbw « r ) V Ssir aoS Ifchast (42) teport It adtttSattOly <^iateJMa%*l (&**£•) Xootu (fertotloooeo fir) a d effrtfls^am (Dong.) Caw* (awtirfu laaloek) *M ^Egtowww (38) ho* *©pert«S It on Jg$g$& $*qo* (**»ooh) Vooe war* alhagtfan^ (.awam) S«ee• (vmtoan white «pw®»># thaa earjOotdns, to the ortbor»o ta»le%Ot the aisrsant tmmn feoet xaana of th* fuo^ » for Berth Asa-rioa. a mppme&i thorofowi* that of ta» ooaa**aSa& tMe£toou» tcoo i^ wsoisw i t t t i i to British Ge3i»fet% ameJas of &fm^^s^f Bsa^ .,. .^a^3£» ginqu 0 0 wall aa ELaqa aite^te^s (Dane.) &KV* (Sitka 6 ' : « « 8 ) m& /> JSSaaat (HUI*) B.^ .P* (biaafc «pn»e} ox* jsKMifely not aatasaSly sissaoptllsl® to E« tinotoiltsa 5af®etic© but* If #% only to laowSalfP or W 3MMSjx*|X»a faagp or J^* SSS^SSmmM ®«©E!0 raoa tne a*l*?aa& cH>i:iootim.- fiio* (34) Idaho (26- ^ | Jinn la#@oiol*# of f i t ttotijf f*w *Naett£aY6£$* in «*ptofii tstalooife aid |flfiao in w r i M t e tfc&aal &a*to» Cit)* 'laltajetoj Weportea i t m biiag wry ©oaaeii Hi (fcdlfotnia* taarioaalarib/ aa Kbit© fir (2T.). fair ana Unbar* «*) ftaavtaa its dattaBftattaa ia ftatn ftawaa* a* Ibe&ag ;f§nj| jgf^ «$n »rth©rs Itegio© saS an fto on§l$68Nl aa Ha© lis^tta of gianS fir at* wootaxa haalook la Canada ass3 >%ntam. ^&*rth (15) aoSiflaa tha aaaaaatva aaa&^ ida SW^B alaaaatf for too fm%m by ?%sto atat a&bsot, mm mm Qswgsa aa£ Saalila^ atB ar* taaaaxaaaV i» Ma saratt that th® Aneaa oaoaro Sa theoa etato® oaly i a tha Gaawa!© a « « a w#stt art* than* «a2y wtwO^ r ia oow^al ©fewla* IteOTahte (4> hm »wt»fed the fmm te * oXp&a© f i r la the onaiaaa oleee* of 1?* S»o% 'aaftelft raf0(«i i» .aiwrta* »er* epeadm amtlca At l t « cUetributl<» ia DriUah Seluabia So g M t $& the report® of Ittekoua. (13), Bi@r j § j * * 0)» oad sheata*** (36) ai:i of waoa revert i t to bo aoanon i n th© U4*>er ?vmm saa^ae* owta «aS #o»t of irinee Soer&o* In ouHiitleo, star (2) o&ooK»oti«i the foocoe m iMVtat taslfiA enl «AHs f i r i n w i ) eooitol foists, M T S<at* and Bseoae e£ (?) p o rted i t <» the w o #§>oei@i tit tho irfefeetty of *%aaejee* ftavflier p^s%t cf the fowgae **e gftuti. tr Wmmm (6) fay too ee«a*ajeaB» en oljdna f j » and tto&Omm aptsee i n the fine 8113% near laevo% by :oct&r $J| (17) tor oaotesm Mtost is too uenev eoiatfegn raglai, by ieetoir oaft Aaae* 06) im m by m k r and aolanr f « \" its «e«igs«tiiae aeiaweily ttaimu>ate> 0tem«£bmty arf a®*®* aaae c-r tho $&mtiM0&$m ®mmmm& with oat or other «ps§t of It* ^M^^IW ta** ehlle to elanjree Ofspsgpet 4$fJe)iNBaeaa> i n t l » iegMO «r ^ ^ l « l l % to the itagpi feat S* ea*ae«e»i by tfte ftlfJar* ami beete. & tMs awipset sftaea* (8?) M$O a t»#@r of l a t e A ^ taate to llis f i r ia m snob as tt* waai rrov&Aafi to Ma for tt* r w . « of those toato wsra ffctbarod ia aa «»aa i a ^ doh aaaMli® f i r *a* noi> oawft «35» Bi**jftl*« ^ ^ t e ^ i» tik> mm t the ioeoy fe osarod lv/ Stoswm of ammsaiBQlmte sacir^m! 1y Bfcfe A§|* i i i •tMkt^^v'* ^ ®m lafeette* fe feo fe i t fe TOstetm felfe optioo feo «• tew feg$tiR< In feto wseii to oocw o3aoot s»mfetOjfr m too tot. too ©feor fenf t Brora© {&) foo»s tl® fusagua fe fe lo oto@flo *3f lasitau» oppM oooj* fonm fe fe® Spa Bin©* feat 10 pa* ooi* of fea ofeaa/ fe If r«2» ooot or tint fe ojpfe* f i r la feo Spa ffils «n® ¥ l * l l a ^ l t e .%xls «f k-.M .^ M l i s fir r fomaoo a* mmm t » * l . (?) ^ ttimmm fe® ifeiefe Xt wss 3g0|^Mfei§ a* fe@B fe oeaso oboot 30 par oaiot fe teirlwlz saS afajol f-0 par oast of feat fmajS fe assaMl^ fir* f o o f e r t i f ^ . (m) mrngSm®, »fei*5® of m t e i tasloaig fe feo ur ^ T ColtKJuia fogfeo «oi s^ oporfea * gooosmXly M#% atat imrlaolo* W pm mm* to U pw oemi of feo aaSMaeof E. ifeMMMNfai ^ Tifeoa^»of lafeofefa]afeatt* 3B feto ao) fe«ai feat «* mm mam m mm m& a*ost im} mmm feo mmmmm of ofeglt. fwett MSw os feo fetfeten of i8»t©r» tmfeotsaf &«& gssaf fife to oo feifeigtifo of' g&sr£»nelv® i M f * fJ» M M $mmmi0mm mm wkm mmm* tma m0m mmmm m a ofegle two fe§ lar^wt ftou fe% «f «•* p « fes«»fe©Jy fegtaM feo «eo# of poifeo* te. tfeoy ftotfl ofee tt»t feo oiwonoo of frtti feifeo fe m criterion of mmtamm fe o few oaf fert w& ,^18P8N8^o' '\"o^ WB^ ^^ e^ OBf^ a^ p^ SSiiS^ 'SS^ Si^ © 8^8^ ''MSi3W6^ ^ ^^ ^^ S^ a^ ^^S^t^^fiWS Jo^ S^O^ M^^ ^BBHfGSIj^y^ feo jfefen? mmmmm of f » » fee*** on fen i»ofeg fetfeiilai % tfo* «ofefe«lfei(om>lr o f e l M CIS), fe M » A # of deev fe fefeo *»• foifel feot 25 no* ooni of tbo iafoefel teao® W hfe' plots bore feofo feiliM are fefe fetwi w • feoiMT it* toily iosofoi feooo fe o w ? fe groupo * l f e OIK? or mam of feo poi^ Iswwfeg tmM feifegs# ©few feaS, Sfe* j | 0} tmeA fe fee sww isagfeii oo feof Ofelfei 07 feritttttt fen* tdontqrian pfolseoa f W * belies fe M f t t r oil *# :tn-rcsti-'>tj a * fegtt ««iy of fesaw ^^ iBSi^ l^SB^ S l^i^88Sil& ^^ ^^ a^ i^^ l^ 'Is^ ^^ ^^ f^e '^ S^ ^^ bo^ ^1^. ^ fp$i!5^ |^ l^?)fP§^ ijp^ ^^ ^j?1 ftefeasps Ml'lassains feo €S§ot»!'#eBi* of £» feaioto»taao fefeooto ooisigiflowi o^imioi^ fe fe OP fenorfent footed fe feo 0 0 3 % ^tiMiAMi of #®fey out woofptfesi, fe fe*§ oooroo o f an jmmUmmmi of «fe psttefegy of ottfe ft* fe OpOUowfe <29)» fess» feporten* ofego® fe fes life nlcfery of feife mm* tfe fife* «fe§® «w feo »e® of laffeft* ism M b fe pta&et «* «o yono or feos. Sort fe^oo* ^ t o e iWPifely l e f e l ! mm tm^ ^ f e i » o««a no#J^ Mo mwaife of feooy. tfe •me* mm$ «* mmmZL §mm» *a* plmm a* about ]9» yosara mm mexmppomma to a stag* *fb» atdban a emMaMm of pwwaiswa wgp&aaiiai ant hawy awatfise ®«»sml3y yaaalt* in aa«loi» daoay. At thie bowma>y aouadiag alono ma ftaoafi iaaufflalsa* to ©mtsmat ttatfiaiaaaa of «wtb* tt® thlan ®ta®»i th* *«£• of aaalSa*** *«• ptassi a* abotft 150 p a w «** mmmpmm to a Ms* -* w «e*a ia^nant tawa* wmm atiijeat to i w t a a Atts^h ba r*c$ar&s<5 a^ psaoolxtti aa a »Jor faotor a**aat£*B- f* Mmtemm e*m>jt tmmOm that a®a®7 ItatOf ana.a*% far 2^feaa*a^ Nfcp^ a^ fi*wi ^^ ^^ P3»^ a^aa^ p*%%S^ 9 ^2$k I^Sa^ K^ lSjI^ &n^ a^? »^aTPC»^ 8iBB^ j- ^^ 8^ Ja*3P 48k2nSK5^ Maatoafl*;*, aaa» oa tha basis of oboay«aM^ a * of ^ t M ^ o t t a i ateas* of h&sOeok « i gum! S r to'3aaaa ( t t ) » tbay ianaatiiftaB m themf of i s ^ t l o a aitfe faaaaat to theae «®o@ptsu liaa> ttaaay iaMa that law tigWfc at* to 0mrt£wti$x*$ of the loser eaono m& •wkm^y$22M$. iwoahia at&ia* last** j^ aaaaaa t i * bMnh attte isMoh fbaw baHaimi to la© ?&mxm®$M$& for aoat 1* ti^aterieai Is^^licsa* 3at ®w«#bailligg of tha ami* in eAtlaiaa to baotoata® *o Nation af aianaa ataan* aas heti«*p«t by ttwa to ****** a abate ami wtetaw® ooa i i t i m J******** to aaisaniftanB of epore* aafl mfamm of tha fane*** to m$mam% to ta* aosolaasaioae af air aaa IMwyt w«*e tba* of EsgMrth (15) aha atufeafi thai 1* tjaaatorim aaany Sa wwta» Gwpa ana ^ a l i l i ^ t o U mm&m® t o amU tern of ]** *i*a* thai poor aitae* lafily aopp****** tw*a aa aitaat aaa )»oeaaw proroc^isite to .n«at iafootiiew by this fanp». flaaa osesaeatal oa tha TOtitlow that ap-peaaafi to proaoto dooay 1st ataoao of aaataaa haolook « g amhilia fi» -1B» mm* lltJant (&% otatSag tt** away anfsjaanaia* inawaay iaaaaoh atnaa imfisfam a laa^or than aaiaal tja* te naatf la atMltioii U 10m fctlUtog of aiaaaaat ana taps at toea* by oanaf aaaaaaaaa* Caaaaiyqhiiai *pp*}# mi& mm mmmmm of aa*jraf Anat aetata* aa* ma tantaka, all mmmM t» rxesaoto aaatitioaa favorable to iaoay aaaaaaaa* SSair mm mum aifcaaaptaa to «E«»oraI the laaulte of thai* ataSy of teloab at \"riejji lata** by iatoypspatAnE the waalfe of m tpmMmm£m gent by taaa to iaaaaaat* ana other vm&mmm tftwaa^hooa- fasffie north-aaatam Qtetted aaaaaa* fhaa« Iter ooaalraaaA (42) that & Maat^Mu any oasw *«* henloak fpatiag on augr tro* of soil bat that it aeaaaa tioat nbuB&^felj «sn turoo© ffMwtag! aa aatu aa^ baa^ aai aitoa« Iba least dafwrtiv© amnio war® baliowd to ooowr m mn*®m$gm& ©Mia, at aapasf• alanantanajt aaa* oa. sl#p©%: \"Bbaroa© aba aoat aefnatxnv ataaaa aaca Mfcia**B -to « a w oa fws%*Ss«ia^ enllo» at laaar alaaaal^ aaip emA m *taar«a***an an tajjetan the etfaat of altStaaa upon the tmm* Wpartaa 01) that *t follow It® «aoar*o to their ribml:j$o naa*r IMta ©f #i»«itSs® onS that ap to aMb 5TO faat taa aan bo«»f» of Wm tm&m mm **a£3a* ia aabit and atao bn% tt*t aajrtnt 5000 fan* tha find* b«M« am aaataaff aaa gaav aiaar oa fhatr ffiuaaerpte. I**!** o£ (27} wsportafi & «£1itiltlea i a «bHs of naanaaa teloek|» «t» ia*** onlanaia. me$m Qw* ia $» mmm^ mm tost »gortoa: by lair aaa laaaail .far- Maaat mm* a»®a lag^fatora Ibwl a « s M ttwaS of Saoaroaalog immmm^ aaS iaisortftaea of I. tiaatayfoa |» tt» ^ » CJaMJte rogios, that aaa aoioo^wt tftth timmm* $m ajacttay* tte wbpL&mm of too fo*Gfe fe jwsng afeafe and fwng lanae of anotajrMQ»J efepfe hoa boon oxief taife(S upea by a»feia2< mm^^mm for o ewto of 64£Sweat MOOojife* In feo oa«® of afaife f i r in OlXttlncbfe*. IttUantt* (89) fan** fefe la*aa&i iwoa ojrfy fefootfet» taaro soft aowHtffr tesoo&itei fefe «§s»fe ooo«ipt p f t e o % ^ feaat mmm® ty fUe* Ittfeaoofc (39) «l^)M#od feo ojsltto feat J * ffnafoflgftai 900m fe laica©* aafi fS# (i^gg aw*) atoaat fe fea efetaakft of ofee* hmrtrmMtiim. ffeal % feoofin «f feo ewfe&Iaanat of i t earlier fe tte life of feo *a*epee tea neat ofe» aooeiMebfetajg faagu msfe* onft ftftert (48) feootvod a 0)» aofefee in wmvawnpst ataafe oi' th© aaaa opoofeo fe feo aaaa r«@£«% dofeasafeoel fea eje of osrHoet fefeattaa to bo fees fean 75 yaero. footer e£ JfcV C») focaai J * ^feoABgfeB to Im -4» rriaary fonsos iw;oae&2e for iway in bofe l » f e s » m£ aafere efeaa* of !««Joek fe tan uppor SoSaj^a region and that fef«feioso fefen fJeso fe none of tho treea eaaofeetf. % then at atfoa of loco than 75 joarr.,: •ssv m mmmmtag *b* lentaon toot pwat® tfao aMajpana* of jp> M^assfys lalsawis / ooannataft that* Sit n | « * ttwpe s » t bo «o og*lsi3% annates^ nan ttkaaw*. peannnnafl* of aotor spS@ty.2is tt*> soils of for too 6aaaSofa*n& -of too f t a g t i % any tmMm iM3mmi®$ the quota of i?ato;' ttdgirnts% lwmimmi& nnot bo of iaportaaae* S»s% be oaaciutad tint tiso aSalaetes of air and ^ oealo » e*£«efe of feo oooy afeSfea «**oV ^ ^ ^ ^ f f the* **•» o i w f e i 2JS m t o i , ^ i l ' ; tho •awole© crciliticuj unfier *sk*oh 'the i\\s<-u3 atriata\". at tJx? t^ne « » ploe© of ^ * ;L ^ 6^ffiy t!»at a-, oarc to OOJUT * r «itM?t lULo-Jonooc, toiptfcar nith the ©swan :«g3fei^tv' t l ^ t tuoh *?ttrto\"JUaie r o c . f r c t a aliYoiaanaa btrfewwa foroat oooditkjno^ IhnmU; c^ime&s $o tUo aeoan®^ of roaajyriafns *ad oaa*nibin£ eojMjratni,-/' tha vari.-oo fncnoot oox-ix^ na utxJoj\" nhioh tha fisagua ia fbuou* 'Jau. uoo nou boon ucoei^ JLieboo l»y r:ro*ioua 4is§n»M^ teiPi *£th aba «nml% l&nt tfeois- as& s^«3»«&s «a©a «dMs« 80®»p««i ^ daioU? nor finally m^mmMmi apctt on o*ja$*ann* haido* I^tfcoot tho nrco^ ontt of o$tn?apt£o*a oatagonloo * i * l * * onion to aaaanaft* obaamtdoea p©y%ia»t to tha aagno it, tee boon ia^ noa^ dlblo iseaf sn'nfiaoB Swwtis'itefs to asanas i t s oan&Mlitieo anci bob«*wr n» tan ongfon *Moa » oaaaiartft oaaawtanStoe of it xeojtfx*** Za oonaao&$aa aith tbo otntaiii of iaawlatfct* of .^fittelift «w» it ososn* i n 3*ltton {taiuatHn*. i t is ®vl*3oai tb&& oonaiiioiKUai of ito biolOf^oal x*?a>*£iaate boa bean, to a langa on;:***, *jwbb*&al to aaraeya of th*. purnty oooacnSo aa-oots of i t * •'\" ~. tfaatoriqa .In M t M j Col-*'> afiiow srae o&»ntialo of it® 2&e ^ «3o aesa afawSy l a » % i t wr.- mmStlmmi pecnlh2e to «K;«ad oar O&iofcteg tesm&lM&m af se»e of tho molm&ml aeneotc of its Ufa h&etory 1400 of a rxsro ccapiatc otofly of itc lifa hictcg? oca yet ant&cfy tha ehjoetivee of thie ismctlgxtiaa* 2a tho o w t that tho on&aa-~oa' atfaaaoh qa mSm&imMm af ^ 0 faagaa sftrcM im-fequoto It one iwsogaiwia feet a w e divorao a.-fcooah, ouafc aa feet adveoctcd % 3oobs <<2)# TOM eoboaxaejatty msgkmrnU. m»$mm of a liaiiad otuSy of tho eoatoGfeal 3ife hftotoJT af £. tinotwgloa bofef aaeojaate far the jyarpeeoo of tlsio «aa»jr mmum mmoaiMm af a»a«feS.«t aaa p r i ^ m « *e ta tea aafeanl mmm% at tea t*m»tiiatfea* a® tia> appaMt eaoaeea open m $mmm&m» mm eatthe* mmmmmm. of the aaafe! mmmmm af the ttaaaa* eoa*iea*» atloa of the &wmmmmm of Ito aisanapto and, of tha too, tha fqpgaanao to of Iter the oost ssq^liost otartioe point* Bospit® m m$mm vwm *» boot aa©®oi^blXl% (27), JuoMflostloo fw gSwSag piriaasy emiisaaia to a oooalOeiatlca of the fralnaaa** of the mm$®& mmmmm mm m&&m& J» too lan****** wm% mm fiwtoio easost a atfoot lajaaowa ape®- the ***#» at mmml «f tSaal pwio«s ia l i t l l f i e «p#8* * tli® otoar n**a» &^m^m^ * * * * S«^**«» of potential boat iotlaoa*** no* tea antspllnanina of a d**ofa**7 of ouooapto. Than, i t aaa Qm$S®6 that* la th* Satosdis at leant, obsosmtiom of the baaiift**- **£» ftfc)aii|aala»f M i bo «t>o@ta« tea* the l i A m M #t itoaaiialasa^woata* D;ujt,rlb!jtl^ oM Santa*** the decision to- I»»*itl#to tho O@IHMI of ft. axily, on tha o**n* of the infSiaavoo of aortal oa^ni»aala r e a r e d th* aof^figatjfi^j of j f e » ^ t osta*1 isto a^ loaf*** «ssd i^^pi^aabSa saiito of' ^gatstic©* It baa a*** Siitiostot thai a s®$©r l l s l t e t K s i ipsa the aa^ fantooo of pw»te» in*an**^ pxkSnn* ha* been th* immsimm aaa g«oam1i»l mte© of th* taa^te a f ^ ^ i i tha tebitate of £* a^njbnajaj* ana its ®mmm&&* th* ®$agk& ooat 3ar«vtaat rasaon, of the aUtjr that mmemoM to ataaattaa* ***** to B© S» tha baaao aoaS Hat femem**** ftatoaa o**w Into wm «be»*y obswwAioog an** * t e ® 3 * -iaat ami later ©«sp*f©&. Us aaay fta****** th* haata of foreat olaaeif* a**1aa* anat w o*aa*«lal|y aslte«ttea* on* Ration* th* mmmmm®* mmm§mm9 wpMAoml vote* feat aa£ ttttle oar » batata* onae, MologSesl o^wliiwttew* x* other im&mmm tho beeJe we Ifeifei* to th© extent of l l O l A g eeV «BO or a few haMfet (ftfeo^ Aferfefefeo* Safe «S«*«ifIo&tiaftti ylolilaS wocfeMeaa uolfe ahat ww too avKcel fe feefe aeope olid felo% th®»fo»o# oa-5M not o^ voofefe mm of tho M t e o w W #se»swt that oocw froa m& laldtot to feo aaxt* &©»»» eaqeenUy, i t «oo evident thot oonefeesation sbxtsM be 3Uea to aoloet-Sag * feefe for teost olosolffeotdai that aooU yfeM anife of feraet aosar thot ho ropsiaa ax: aeferal wife. S*«wol ayofeDi of forest oittn^ffeati* have boo© dovoOopet! anS «w2 mtmMm&& fe ^SifJsraa* fteaao of fareet feeeetl4pti«*n> ffe waseoaa of 4Mflmsft syotea fe w^y^i'g^yf wben ©sals 10 ®c^plep,.tx! naltw ot^^te* ofeaii» for aMah it -mo atfea> ayetonc that v e r y fw tfaoaa tfet axa hmm3> m&M® ®im efeflfcfe aoooa^ aaotlaav^ aaaa. aa tha ayafea af HOle £fcV&)« *na* nm aeaad m ®Umm§ mmfrta, m& **0*tat£e* •mmmmm bat **i«li ^ aan abaftv csaanaa* st*©** npn th* ^ i a a M a ® of one or other •*n*Jn**atIan# ma* m Wm ^ mmimUmm of dajana** (3) «*- qaiiaaaay Hf >• on* **<*** potait B i i t a i mm mm th* of * **J«**aojr footer aaa, * 4 * % a© not pwftfl© «b* aaaanijoti** mam, mmmmmi mmmm to tfe&t tw#«mgftti«. ^ o w ^ i o o a a******* gMh m that eaptayeo by do**** C®)» »s««s wj^totim an iftftae a oooatantly ahwgiag Oos&etlo atlfusrte© eo o«T«»e<3 to tha oooameio© of **8ite*&»* onftto tbat a** i a baJUroe oith tfaeiy ^l^ g4oi3, 03? l*to36|o«eofe3j#i\\is:sX aynton*§ dtMfii HP' that W^ISM^KA by toasa^^tegsiai 0 ) aod pzmm&aist'ij tboa* of DrtiawSw CH) aaa eo*tt®g 02)* appeawi t* be the btsst auitai of aU ayataaa to the jwpws of tiiis 4«^S#*ii»« M b ay#tow» anion mi&m m ^mwmm^im9 m tba ianft* aaatftal oai* of oSaMSfaaaataa« toanflata* ani aafla* thoir wits* m tha baaia of tbato epeaifle eo©tope% £•*•» th* * a w i w W » of thane fa@ttat£fat ataaaphaaia* eenpble* and *op*ymfc&* envaaonaa**** 2b* wgatoiim a^wcMt of Wm mm®mim ia dafJisof a* the tela of ito ecsaatway aith mspoot to tha eomarsroo®, «bra3«wo* aoanaeneo ooi aiear of tba |teat% l&ateaiag tpw t of abiob i t i a o^oaot* ^ a tmii ate^fiaaMoa of aneb ayatoaa i»# «sew«w% a eatand aait of «iiotete« isbat io os^Maad by ito omsatel fioxiotte atasatoro arr: abioh ItooM / Tmatmm&. Ia foot atera mm mm IJWOI iiX2»* f@sspo®ffiO$ J^ owrarad by aoap&oo aa a oa^SSas! diswo^dc® fi^H* aaaatavjfl ly afiosgr Jboroi i a * g f « * JQaJt wfeffl iaaaaaaa« aaittmfea ®i to <§spW3 af a r e a r o fea dsjp eaafeafea' afeiattooo fe aaofea* of ra&ow aaaa lag^gi A 1 » SonfeRftt safl oowflaafenaTi tyaas * a * feaeaeeafefe trooe B i s ofwfejpsi feaae aad nta&e t a i l o r feaa O&K foot 3 2 » overtopped l a w aaa\" aatfee feao feaa eta? feet + =aolitar7 *• eolltery 1 saoatfesad oeloisfes aa fe one aqoave foot 2 «op fe 1/9 of «*sa fe aoXoafe® fe one mp*a» yean: 3 - 1/5 to 1/2 of ass» > an^ oalea sip to 5 ss*ias» s*asai» 4 V 2 fe 3/4 of area 4F soloaies a? to 2,00 ncpem ?e»v2i 5 » 3/4 oa*Are asm '> oolite aa fe #» agave vaataf 0 * dcoc! off lEa^QHtinc !WteH% 1 » law f $ g » 2 « iatowiiafe vigor 3 4- Hsdraa® vigor Iter fee aagfoa aa^i to *» naaaa layer iae^anfee; fea littar t l » aalaafead fea&axa &2 ss jpotaol. tjotdaoa 0 » peroot aeterial 3 * afed tertaaa .feaajaaja^ f**?0Bney of &» vh-^to^ixss m SxMm1m& by fee SBetiaaeafe 50« ®»w Xl«* iaf^&Bjneas \"X » taaa * l A 2 B 1 A 1 I T ¥«httoxoph7l3&t y.plieato 7, 1-2.+.2 X.+.2 ••+•2*0 i.*.i l . t~ 3 ^ 112 •to* «%tt* 1. lug**** 2.1-3.2-3 at©* wertobl* tap to |.5 JUJB. ?:»S©toW|^i3ft to S4 ft** to jalMA mmi « t d g*e»©l grasal@s> to A X 42 3 1 I fei %wtm\\ lis© 4*/ ft* tfe* ttati «f 9*&aet afe*£j»fe3y fee ftwdaefe of the €^»ifcm f®efeeo of 5xr13#Ubml hafcltafe* &fecuga enay iae&ateiS eoaaraoenee of S* tinatarfen aeee eneaueteiee'* It ftaally tsoaaae apparent that *noh ooatswasonc cix> 7M »t bo iater» rxctosS as la'ieotivo of tho fun^c Irvine a fecal ocolo -lool fejosoooe fefcj ratho?* tfsst feey otwuls\" bo sr>. *>.3*3«« ur:- \" o l % cso'uoltet t??.tfe iiaSaaal w w w w af g*e*lee haaftefe that eve mmx-M&m fe efee* sal mm twtowtw osiws af iitfeefean* Bene* i t baaaaa ea&eeft that tha eafemfet gsepmfMa aacpa of thaa faagoa «aa not aaaaeoajrlS^ nfmmfmam with, oa aatoaafoa ooologioal toClaraaoa* (Sa the oontaxry, i t bootne evident feat S* tinofealao suaoepts hew o -u«h wider ooole/ieal toler* m t than cloeo tha faanne Ataalf • In tho li^jfe of a conriatlao that ^ . t4^qtj)ffi^ tea a restricts ooo^e^feal fe&eranee free that of it® macoptej, s Hesitation ia fe® extant to \"rtiiah habitat ^ ©t-orni.mtioae of itc oaaee]?t© bo mS© o-poexoc!- testified* '3c«TOq«mtly# i t jwoultod that oeatroo of K# tiaetcrita infoctdco bseorae ih& nejor fool V.Mfet ^ tor^jvrt-rona and» io addition, i t wx; froo ©soli foci that hcMtet deter-instione «sro aaaa of oca&iticas that dM ant favour fee ws*ssw of the fca^uo. 3& oovoscl inarkaaoes, hosovor, i t nae noeeosary to docoribr hort hebitat© in eareoc: where ^r^as^ffii ecrld net be fourth in order that eortefe of tha aahifet tkstcrainotioaa aonld b© vosdffad and feeir ioso^«ttoa® »gaoated, ft® p«wfeo» ws eaXfaao' eithia fea Xiaafe latioafei above atfe feo enoeptioa of ito aaat aoitteay legtoae* feila It fe w»mMm& feat a l l fereat a^eeefetSene eana&feg « or aaaa aV taaafeefeaj aaavjapta too not feoos. fefetfeaed for tha m^mm osasta©% I t in ballevcd thai neat of than* that aup***rt th* ********** of mis «aneooiAtittt j^enjaf^iaai i a tflto ****** of tbia l » a w « ® a i i ^ ana* aanaaanaa* by i w w i t p t o f s teat of * » ***•*» Of ,ito ^ t a ^ a a t i ^ t ©aefe m.m&mxm mm. mumm by- tt» a ^ a » to bia oas *nt«niaa*San aafava ito *nn*p«****» S^flsst&enjl to ©rlgim! entotaijari&oa* wre aonatftaea T®m%m8. i n MOltiajs to- the. d^.vetism ©f aw OM®oJb%ttea# sft&l* teoa^pti^* of a H of the mm®$&t±im& g**t#aVn*t i a the M I of tbo l«sstiip;t4©a beva oot bean 2anilo**n & thta aanarte of tfeos buro bean aaooasibo^ i a a M a a M l . to tea®* i a ghn** |* *jfl*1iojSifft oaow®. Sh* taaaiaaan; a*iea» iatloa* hs&a been lisisad., togatlaw aittt t&oaa 3a *MOa< the ffeBpsg ©wears* Iftaaaf bto Imam n*nlM*o to foottl**** aaaaaaaa* ****** m®mm$m^ mmWsm of aa* »*#o*t# the oaanrtaaaa of atsoaopto aooe^^af to tha fsoo 2ay®» aMab tfeay oooaptsii ia &mk of tha mmmMom ana at**. «iaoa^ion» ia fgweatoa 3a anaaaay foaa te SaMa S» !# The reporting p no amlus-tie* of tbo onotonouftSott of jfc ^ ^e^gt Mm i » sh* itttas* ©# p^ BfifiSBffi jtaw*t§|ptSoaf to o*nK3*iftonto the istiftij^ite oeMIticg® |*** th* ftjisgy to oooor nod, eJ^s, th* soon* tsSbenato*' onoh -0000^ 1^ 000 o*jr Ste O*«»*B* tWtetigiitfe*: tas onnnnnonoon to **£*»»* tfcSm oatSononoy % oaf&s&ag ona**** Issbltoto osa\" wwrxliar: ttntlr memvmm .in the* proline* « % at -fee sane tl-w, aasooietbc with oash bald/tot eitoer th* pmmmm or steouo® of the fmm&* to\" t*» *ocalt of thin ^roooonao 4.? of 53 nwoofife Ix&bltoto ***» found to s»?-ort iiswife of ti» fango* to oono or oth*?? d®$pem» Ttm txs^m «ass not ohmrmd la fttss w l a f e g 23 iabitoto fiM^to a diligent oeartb for it and neurit the foot Sat too 13 b&Mtoto in gabion a«aa3% « w is oloo* la^ adnity to too** Ja oMott th* Aaa?* ro*adox3y ooonas* *H» eootopee anealfJ* to ***a habitat In atdon tfootoa&un mas found on* oo*at*han Ua if^&s XH« mo «Hio^tS« Jo* th* of likUvSAanl ?0»to Sa tha . fei? wjooiatloB i t coca fe €rtjaeent o-rsotfaMaM* Fi&ae & ^eyaaflXfcJaa .aBabaa jf. S t e l a of fei@ aeooei&fciiaa cstrofesi tsfaem fee cvoiatKi xim l a otssmls of thfe ^ooc&atirti* rigove >% fcffiotiotttSB Tiii^MX^* Stete of thie aeoooSatim aaaa!!? lose by van ere theee of eeacetta&tae tmtm fcoae by aeon? o l o w fe «b» sweat i a fefe eaeeev istioo, dtbc-.^h i a dtxrat tha osao frosaescy, l^ *r* t ^ c do i s afeodc of aoooalntico radbe? r„t. -53U 11K 1112* Jigsaw 31 * 34 of tfcic tmm^t&m mioljr ia the irrxjy half of the ateo leasth of dominant aad ao* twos* It hno a W^i f»q» e y oa3j< m vow old steads* ^ « a « » 3 ® * i < ^ ^ - v ^ . ftojxla of th.'n csub* rc-aaoiotdoa £^oatoa % j j , t % t l ^ | | | , octseoiljot lota then. s?o t-Vao of %o csjx:^Mc«^TO}yjr« tcowlatiu^ for yogiceu *»« ito t%l « 8 t ra^oney for Si* meSai l a nton\"* of tola mmmS&Mm but 4s 1«M dteng&ag te & oodt* of £bn asjooont cooaoloMoeju l i o*si?g in atgeofcAi-xi cal;, o*i bti^jto to tbcx-t. tfooo of 4< 4 ' f ^ ^ f ^ i ^ l *• pTOfMis «sd?T.a oso&lil£« fes» k)» timtaor&ai ^cvclo?ncrtf-. far l&e rogios. r*j© otcarl illi«strat«(5 ^r-mxmba a G'^TO of otsrirl fiwolcrn«t 5a t?fe?Loh vor:- o3i! w ^ f f i !Krtl«te a?o \"actio?? •w/lftoa' oM, *«r'-. s^^oi^*?©**, osnbili? JIWU fttofdc that a » ol'.cr than to case ili^-TO'vy 1 Ixvvo a \"ttsoh fit'tcc? fyoqudoo7 of IJuwfse-eiaoc? srafeill* f i r s that as** i a t'ou se^te^ horijoolte of the OOB» oiae* FiCtx?© 40» 4^ ajjaff^ i0B jilrtmf;,,^ fifwnte of eMa art»ociaUt*i m ^ » t i t e«Q£±t$x., nTOOwlinr to th« oimvofenooa tskfer whiOh they ooear i a i»divi!&»l heh&te# 1tS3s# i t fee booa ©»»d ti*at eastern banlanl: mmg&m fiaoftaant aad oo*4osteisk poaltdaea fe 31 Of S3 boo;:. habitats hstt only ia 2; cf then© .lata £• y-^ffl^j^gg ijooa P©ocrted» l a tha ear* of Euuclao f f c 29 of 53 hebifete rc^Anr* 3? feature this opcx&oo i n fee d«:laurl s»a ooxtoUaaot levels but only fe ©no hahifet sas fee funjcoe m « M «* deedaojab aad oo^afeaat troes* fe ovoa acrts estwsa oaao oxiirifc i s fea obaorvatim that* doer&to feo oaattmoxtc of tz^sxxa opraoe a© dooiaeafc and oo^mlswfc feaoe i a 10 of 33 heat hahifete* E# tlnotoslur. fruit bedims tiere not ebaorroS this spcoi'js i s x r o? fena» \"Sat ffijpfejffig I s fewem to feffet r«co£Xce f i r , <^:clmsx 9;ti«»t jut?* vcriarn ohitc cj^coc ware freajBantly fean l a indieatod the feoddeaoa of fruit bodiot; baa boon djanoeefeefed by iaoliLin^ 5 to dooay in oaifere free fees* o;*aiae» & ocnsot^ioo 1 r eofe ajWe vax&t iono la th? dfetrltetloa pevtera of fe© fesgoe alfete fedfeidart hoblfefe It would enpaar odvioaMn, steoa jae» dieting the oosurtarao of thi© fsv^a, to oonsi^ar mob S C M C O ; t Jsliitat Ifepqpeney of J|# ajbaaj^j^aoj Th* aaaa gaaaexaei of £• ^ i s o t & ^ a in -ismw&flmX otoada a^gaaae fe boar ttfele twXsttoa to fee ooa»#saw© of ife dsaay to fee swm^soat of onah otoftte «*gj* too fisst of i t i ]?ean*aoo out I* ipO££fesl on the bwtio oi* firoqfuoiiey of sw-af3»r»e» ^t£x«.toe of tlw ixc^tasasn of B* teB(*k«Sw <3oo*y ia fetiixiducl atontb of oonto ooajst foaasie* for taaa^ltt oooM bo «aigr atolaonlac TO t!»y basea only oa tha psmmm m i&mm® a£ t.iO *ta-^ «= for i a t-.lc ii^iaa .^laa^jg^m & ( ^OB>\\* to bo of littlfe irriuei&roG ot'-or thaa i s the e£ srabSJir f i r trfj, tiaoaa only taxler aysotal oteoaanuaioao* Iu ot&o* ffW»Soi aogiaa* of toe p«wtoao s tfif^ront aiiuo-tlon c c d ^ ^ to ibo oxtoat flmt sovosai of i t s ouooopto off© r*ar.lo«c2;.-- r.n.1 ocra&otoneZy aTi'aotoS by toid fs*gs»* I t aypoorad atitdaabla, tbninCBoa* to reoogniao mmh fctotNoaa $mm*m0.m^i &xemmem by o£aan$4£og: to oaateto t*a> iooi^Moa of tbn ftegus fftat. too aapo&fc -of too iMm$mm °f 4*0 Sritablo E»a»3S \\af i'^pcaqy naler tlui ©irxMiotooooa of tbio tovootfcartioe aoao £Lffloult to obtoiu) too rjaaoaro aotoOUy -iiaaa mm m sab&imXi' «**>• Tm a^ittouo/ *T \\**> foa&uo m,& JtadeocI tbo basics of |*^ afrun£ioa of £su£t bo&leo steals t&at bo£ $ms£&® tf» stog» of antority i&giontod l a tho bobftteA C e c ^ p t l a w olrwabore la aaaafi (aaa .typtstitai 122). Tto ianlionnat of fatdtfaa; «ao aaooaoan by aeon* of to*:?ora*y ploto f«p geali of tfco MAtato to afitfafe tha taa$*i 'oa* oaorcatosoC* 31?te3 acuploe of 2230 +*oao of me* a^aoto* novo dbtolrasd fa? tTiia atshech tto aoetont of aavr-liiaj ?«as ia w t aaoas toty gwiator. tha aaantav of thte ai3§?»isafe to a ?y*ura» of tinotorinn fmQmw em itreeontod i n 2nbto 111. 5*»fe e 'waauro of fwp«^ i a atfrTSttoiXT # w « m t i » for f t boaw- -'^jarcJit oarlr i a too ooiarno of tbo Sjswatiga^c© that, i s *««t is3M«aQ® of l a f e o t i * 1* ©»©tor tbon io that of fruittag* ««*•* aoukftln gww3 aaaoilia olplao JwxUsak baolaoi; fly « r -±P AM**!, *l-«3*Q3. AlHKtWVL IMMI iXWtMl t a x m* tmmmmt) %m feoett en fet o&mtrase®® of fjofe hodSee* R • mm •- «tj> una jaar aent of tastes tasriag featt bodfe® i « tsffespwii * mm fee fe nm rm* mm. of mm* mm fnii4 boiSeo e « o M • feon sfe fe 25 rm mm of feaea etfe fmAt bailee A * otetet « owe ttau S» nor eent of feww affe ffc&t fettot 4 aidbev .ias&ienae of iafeetioa ©»or feat. of ftefe&af ana a$$»8eai M i a t y la fe® oooo of bofe vojy $mm. mi eM fee** aad i t ia wife such e3aeeee of feat feat aalfeefee of fei f«pp@aay af % fftna^aejftie. aam fe aerioualy ia &m»» B o ^ t e a e^'e&enee oafeaaa feo J«M®a«§ af. fe» foaMoa and famitsiag i t •** f M feat inatdeneo oi' failting %%*&mm m feajsonabJy c«sd biois for 0Qit»iws of fawpasay for fe&# ftaga® tm$, '.ylfiyy tfujiy oti^ a? faagi that ooooe Gooey*. jp» M^&^SiSB^&- ^ WfWP^lrfift^^lnly ffeuffe aaaa aHw at^ tiftesp* m$mm of sat hem oaawwid# In fefe eanoett&feo oad oa fee besis of a^sdsfeg 1S3. nU«eli@d wastoi?© ls«lfeta§ -JtfJ3i J^e^ fefei g^ ^^ a^a^ ^ ^^ a^ftflrlK-tt o9BBf^ i&e*1 ^^ ^^ f^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ '^ ^ 0^* $34e^8flP S^ n^^ S^^ aJa* a^ia5l^®fl^aS^ p^wfi89t 33F fteiftfes aaa fauna* fe oaw oa irwo dfeat fe aa apt of 54 yoosa* a© iaafeaane end *elaai of rat at aafe sa eaxdy a©ss axe feofe oi»i®afef»feia3y rary lev* avaa aafer aafew mmMm® of fefeetfeR m m»^m jaw&fcd by exfeefetien mealwr % * ZSmm^mmm *M net podsail fo*- fee dotoetion «? poswibl^ mlzs-£m~ sMpo boteswm rot fecdWesoe end iaoidoaee ef fruition for all apcus-im ftso M^SmMM-W of m t m te ata* w* l w felt 30 oeS» ip&MMs fir oeSy fee f»^ Hw%% ollte^i m M of * * mm mmm mm$*m*i « t e * f e | » o§tw» tfe awefer of^ fitjM to bo mm *m* tfrflfeMfrffl flw fee gyNalr>S£» M M A Osteite* eafi f w efeea? id' fe feh* fell! w mU« mm® to fe OOOCBBUJK; tar. eschar* S K B »*>wnws or 28 3KTC13f HCSH.lSi taste f f # <*w«?**W! msisEsaps cr fmofosns A!f> SOf 32«s W t;i£B? S E W AID &\"AB3UC HS \"2S. *ft£af i a|p \" ASoiaatet* t (]*joo») Cte^ nfJ of %mm Wtta® iTioooiP1 o^^»o^^t ^N^t^1 St Al 12 ,B1 . 65 9 (ll . m wt JO 15 S3 »«3 *7.7 33.3 11 AS B l « 33 m ITS m 25 16 $ 27.3 68.1 »*4 . . * « , 41 A2 B l 1© n u B$ m ao 1 72*5 50a 12 B 1 TB 23 3d 171 uu icr\" 4#3 0.0 32.7 n a 1 4a B 1 If* 8 sea a n m J L -1D.6 1*8 29*8 ai.i oiaoYria ft*> * 41 42 B l am m n I s Co 7.1 3.2 15*7 7*1 && B l m t 2d S m 32 a? 12 J6.T 22*2 13*9 of mm. taste** mmm at t**e» to a**o o 0aa**w oo^ aMae* off t i t opom the mimm of too fmm mm o* ettww* it la oouaXly afpwwt toftt o a » » #eo» ooo stole* aoaona Xlrdtiag* aaa* feotow oo oJLr toofiflOta% ataoaplawio htna^ itpr* inlaea** MOiopllMlltte of oo MowMot 3m affcoto ops® £. ^ n o ^ y that H« ae?*aKto iisftaaao at* oaaa i» soa^- of iweiwmt t*nartoae*» Ttoflor *a* oisouo* mmsm of aaftetpattoo, of taia$**t Msaov to & iopswi o» ie oanoaatMoas to too ®nf« of tiaetoriua aaoaopb ?&ft&tato» tho ®w3*» ootaoo of any oaaeSfae ftwtor to®«» o o i y difJSoult lajooaoo* So iaao£aetaa wsso tta> ftsatow thot OOK^K^I the 4ieti&a\\&lo& aaa faefpaeaaey ©f the fasgw» It oppwol *pito unl&aSy that fan*la*3o» ofeaty of any of than «wM prove to oovo* * oitol jeapcoe. It ooo oeofann* ftojt* to oeporoto eaoaanaaato of itoftoco for amimmX feafettoto only to w&ifeiiw toft* onft not l a toaaa of oatoal Io tbSa w» IW Ma^ W^f 038S©api8Kl» i n i « 7 aaa xwafpmnw set? s^ py mm smxsmBm oo *mm alaaar aeaa or 2«oo higher than that **? othor WsStitto* * oo aaa% fetdew thn» til of a ooariBtal? oxpeoos oaoa J& tha oaaa aaoiaa* Baotoj» otbar aba* isteeopte^ banality aaaa mxmmmmi io eonontiall? atoa a«24»s with « aaattat itoaftf tmmmi of a miA* ipUeitr a* ^ W^Wxltotot otaja a* ooo thooa of 8* tiaa%«9aa baotae aaa laaaianUsy of obtoinia*: ane^ iat* *mm£mrma% tneefee aaa amspwt* of eaanar' feegoaafeae end tosMity aoro aefeeeafef Sa fefe W i s . it nap fe feaaaa^B&a fe aogwpfe feo oapwafe feftaeaaa* m irnmm* t* ts mm t© mmm im m m * hath Ja* a® i i & M t aeetao to too o*a» of jxtnce l O l M a io1ai!lto* oono% a® tha otaa of a Oa fhfttaaa ©f i®slstio$ of a ptalala te^rat - ,n la * » too Queen Q£on$otoa lotaaSo of Bsriti^i mm eitof* honaw* «so» ia oo ieo^ atica> aaa bo ooooiioaoi a loafer la Baiting to® this faagaaa Bpm ia th© one® of too Qsaton taaa^UHto latefip i t io IttHM nana*** popaitto |*o*atla* eloa* Is lowotsalblo tor the M f f ^ f f ^ 8 f o r <* hett* too csOTGLni an* tbat Hso fbaioe ait ©eoap ia man* that aaa A03y oaroaaa to tha Baoifio ®H»sto» » a teteo of ft** 4n*fe>g*anfeB of tha ftngo* o« to ^ l a o i i i t i ^ hy ^ e^owo of i t «*** the mtimAMm of ooootol iiioto w i f t * faoaaaso at th© if too mm tateto* SMO, i t i t poswiilo that trntelm of tbo fata tha ^ aaa Sfanrlotto loteia io 4m to both mmgmm® « t ^ , ^ - C ^ H , * * l i f t : ^ ^ri':,:U,H at J » Jft*M*, Alfenoga tmg^mt'ism feffeattoaO' ore pm&amm&t feey mm afetp®. m»m*t itftaomfctft wife fee i»i««w of ootably those of ofeoeistMWfe leaaUfer* ffea, off saoiifi©® oaS £# aea^ §£te$ by otter M H a t faotow. Mr toofw « t a 9 i 9 aa a mvmmm $®flwmm» fe® a direct; eCfaee npaa feo xefiedaetiie ^hoeee of feo life geafe of j|» f i ^ ^ y t f e t ota eapwti fe on aerial owtemoot, Hue, fern or® oritfeot or fooloo ebieh fojeaktaotlon om^ > ooow en$ few B^?Si8i^5J^oi S^ ^^ ^^ ptS^ ^^ f^^ ^^ S^SS' dtat to the tbtw* i s too ©una of neofexa honloak attoaa# w k « ir.fooUoa oooasxoii abaa jawtiraatod fasfiooo of high mw£,m ^pomtowaa -mm ohsawosf to prevail fton the toy* of <2oo.:uaai ttoee to the pxjyal Mao* Saab aao too oooditioo la ewaailtttioao aunbor 3> aud X* 4cy reul*2oM« l a either the &w&%km of fa^owaHa to~4»ratusotj or i a ;,jx_*>rU.on of too ©tea toagtfe ovor ahiob Booh ter,o»fe\":xm3 jtrcvuil aac observed to 4msemm Vie Jatord&ts?- or\" intootioo* *J» i a tho o&aa of mm&$&%im® artN* 2® oafli 35* la oaws abare £h*m*«hle toqper.ttteaea prevailed twitiai.'hr jiaa ti® Ma^ be** onnaoioa of toss* Ia£©atifi6i§ aaia^ Lv eoausife© ia tooos of aha loser oaoaa&et* Ja oaaaa Atre faaoa*ifclo tosaaavtovoo osjatea oaly M tho ***** oaaosaVfta* oo ia , « « & t i « aaaaw 25? laaaaV ioao aaao isaaxiably oaatroi dfceo* to the gfeoad* S«$***to*» ess otoerved to offset act oo^. Si* «xksat aaa looatioo of firalti&s oat also to® aitse or fttolt beiioe sad tha ocaSitioB of their byaavdal aasfeoea* 2fct*aao fcifcfc te^xwtoPb* wore fitoiml to miaoo befe toe ^ ao of fruit ho&im an3 the of ttoir byaoaiaX Mfaiooe vSmma m$mm tm %mffn^m& retarded i'.fte »toj»tfa» of f*oit betta© or mm mmm toetr fowaattoa* fesfeer of afera 'Trftnt lyjnMifr- ov^sr-, it * •. c.r vSVd V th© TrMare of «. tfoefr^tp m »r t!r*. of air to- rrr^nt, *ga jfcratirfrto oaBtttfdnc of atr2.S5.tr O -at -.iff,*: %zsxck asm feeaa of fe^«Wte»# VriTf i i :.r 3 or•.' ?JL-& <2 vflftlt/rr. »•* -^atrsffafeBa iwa* hral*it? feet ©•-•Star ftv*r:,re or *\\fA3#r *% <&tfeasS»rH dfcw?«~*<««V AtKaa^Aarto nwsS4t*p eeatH*&a»a % ~atr fcMfc?t ftafews,. aoot mcng eMoh aw air £»lmrsu surfaee aoatrs&itieae of aater m mtm$ fee ee$*»ty of 2row*3 water fee* it» ar*41oftXe te pSswitef aadt tin* offfeS^JO^ of twafr^-^-tfea of sod phrabsu fee* elfetsr of fea oanitlfeBa fcefeaafed mm aMa io aafetafe * natafeeag faavtefel tl® ras^tSliffeasfe of feS5WBsfes?P fswS iateaiaot aaaoaptSaiUt^ tea* aatiefiest. feet fe* iveaStiea of reyddLte ona£ltioBr of teKiity alone era ir^^fffcatent to ro*st. ft!s? sw^ao-»aafe ®^ £• tiraTfeBfea eaa *e ctewls^fed % t>c jfisenee of fea f^aapa fr» tee aoofesai «s2^w «f IslaaS «a$ at 2oa s2«»ti©iit 0® fee ossfesa slop© la O9ftt5\"a0t a&fe ife txs®its?£^&®' at e@?tfeia eesd M^fe e£aoat&ene oa fee ea-tern slops* ftat* far ajaarr&ej feo t^rm eae oboarveS Sa aroeajlBtlon mri®^ Z2 only & t>eaa izftV-anaoa obese sstot* of fefte ns^aisMm pMefela far fee feeaa* fee* afeaii a w MSMrn « n aoee eapoead to fee 3;irfeeeeas ef a pawtoa aUmta fee* ore fees* located eldeaaosa* Jmferer « w aaaaa a*\" oasis, 4ittaa* eaoee in afeea?/l#r.i4 o&JU&V rx± iua IViat J O U A IM I thai ^ # % | f i a ^ y ^ ws 1 « aanana^ft aa! feuifed eJbeev to feo gaooad fe afe&da west of i'oioax. lion was ttc fe eiaxus af other aseca* / Staesewt Ti$jar ffe aoat astasias'; o e ( a » w of tlqtr^a^fa i a asy^ i*jrcJeuior regies a^ peuxwl to eoiaoi&*at vi*-.- wtostl mgeg? of i»a aoieaatfe* altlwugh not t^a&Ily v.Ita uud? loori r.'-sisnua oorr!lt,',on« Ti'da tread am bo text^aefeefee* fe t*s oar* oi fee i<8J^U4i & J£ .jsaaebse JoeaiaJae) xegfeo, Isr KJ&tfej fee feoJdouee af tins Smsm m toafean bostesfc fe aefertfetdeae aaotor .31, J3 f «a4 55 (*ae .'Aait All) te- fe* ottaEmtacfeae ?lpaa of fete eaeeape fe «eah af fee thro* fc^lfefe. yoa^eia tecOooSe a*fefee mm aaafe** Ccrw'&yjatv, mm fee angle* tadfeefei fe ataadi* of aaaoefetfea mOm? in etxtea teifet fee iaaM^s- af ft. i ^ y i y ^ la alasaefeRle^fee^ aedue*i !w fee* of awp^t4oait an^af 33 aoi 35. The foot feat tl» biefeot .aw&aeooo af fee ffeflfe i a aea «$«oa»rtlir related to *s& le.iiat vigjoarooa ^s^iic® of its auaoopte in 4mmm%*®%m) or fee s*!*wl oaou.:?*:*?* or 4M fej^j© ia oaoociatioa aadsoa 35 f*oe) feat eferactoriotio of both a»ooofeti» sasbor 32 and 33s oooooiaUon masim 39 roi**eenttng oosdittow feai am fee Jaaaa f««oa»aMa fw poafe of eaafeen harJtoafc fm feo smgioa todfeafei. Slatfla* feaaSo «oa b# mmmtmm fm otter tng&oan oo> f«p too Mieoa OOOMN toeoo of too fango* i n f^ooao of ooooolooaoo ooooor 21 f*ra that J» mm6® of eanenntotton wmtior 19 'toi 9s«»§e Heoninnan> or tbo abotoio of tbct fongoa on w*si«» ooolook laan s t a t e of a*aoal*£la* aagjtox Avo ana loo ommmmm^ in m^wmiMbkm wai*w soast iteooto* BaSaoofi i%er ttswS ia tha oersae oa i» fcbe abwo oxatrlns data not refer to jnofix^ ser growth by raoauo of tm»^r^m hat# -a«:«rxr to the fartiaisSaa? enllitgr of a woo** metttian to ocwfpr oad ci«wlof> io a apooifSo habitat* Watt m&mm vi^tm wc-atiae fmm mp-.mm&m through mm^m^3SQ lof howotor* r a i s e d to a to&idaooe of L* tioaaovioa ix&aojttoa la tedwtsstod in too obenYoatinn Mats ln£ao£&o* So ^ wwotoriatloaa^ g»iatoF la toeer that have auetoiaed ovor^^plao than in ttw*® of toe oano ace that bewa w t tew. oanjietontay aupjarotsoef * She oiro^mtonoeo atwroby ouppraanicw a:;jr*ms»a to bo on i:5po?-.fjnt footer a* a ooaditicasr to * blgfo ;l«?M««a ox &a?oat£on «gr ^ ^ t e j ^ g »oxo ^ Saltan, toine oooftofi to tboao hOUitato in ocleft ooaiiticne fmmm&&» to Saasofei* oatanaaa Ssto too iowsr oano^toa* It «»M to iaadvlaable* thojofore* to aoonoo t i n * mt^^aror^Avsi9 hi recneot of ita oonfiatog laniYttaal txeno to the laaor otnordoe, to oa otfraVly o& toportont faetor io standa of* aay* Hoaoolatiou nunbe? 30 In etoaia or «»ooiat&wi§ :itn.xr 33 aafi 34 1mmm» mimUmm mat \"fesow ^ « ^ f j ^ f f l ^ H are 0c«eaati!O®ol nl^onr above fftooo: i a o^aoo'a-ivai tosbor 30 toaa toay aw ia the erihor too habitat** I* 5.* appeofently for tfete xoaoaa *lm^ **awi» iwiae ©«ri»oepMt&8 alanlay to ibe>» alanw^eriatta of gwaoalefetMft noibor 33 oaff 3& and to ahiob ovovotooiofl of Xox9a> 03sl» dwcm.it wwr.? as-o vsatO:*;, J-.r.o>>- :*. nuoh ^r-aior dagsc© thaa ese ateMe 4a ahiah audi aa mits-aittsy ao©?; act ©cacr» fSaaoeftfe Ag* Grajoept a x is uB^peAOi£«»M$ © -ajor f/*etor wwo; e l l ©thar-j that eertrol t i * ixJoSUouoc of £^ T,soti.oa % idncrioiftiaa Vrat, r.n a nrb^lc ftoster* «sc$ doo» :wl ayres? % o-yjaufio e ^ l ^ i ^ I y of ©-ifcrr frsotOTo* It baa boon abcaftvit], -Cox eaacrOLOj t:«'; «!tV:O to *«^ viob iirry havo oub^ iOt-tHS ta ^prosaica V ex^s*^jda$> ?i:f1:aor^ c of hoot &T.O ca tha iaoMonco of £• t i . ^ o a ^ i ^ \"« c^ -o.rs'.*-^ -! jf^n, hovovcr, t t i Vto eatonfc that* eVfe? fes^e -vV stand- bcoocse, 1A0 --srcafter is tin f * o q » s a ^ <>•* in\"3o%4©i4 l a itess &a5 tlx ^ow3ig*tt:d a » tho -lif*o>» o » ^ iu i f * i * i » i % o f irCml&zi \"mimm vif'oront KiMtav, of tho « y » Cm o f tho ba^ic t»asca?a f o r a lovelllnG\" «ff 3ii the tno?. that* opart f r a i a ^ Mmm aa*ian laota** atriafe ire\\atioot££ oat ooaar Wiier lay oixom^o»o% y©a»;? to©e# of yotag ctonde uro oifaaXl;* ^.isept-1KL@ to is®iatl«iO taaa of* tow© of tot easa ago fe o34*r otonfle cf th* ammo fei&tat «ai 9 i f dSffim»oa» co easts?* :- -- th&t fey oaso of litUJe ^ ^ f e - f t e . too fraquaaay and taxur&aaee of ft, tSartostea fruit toSien e^pearod to to Si&rlT aloa*%' oolatod to tt© i ^ M o w of iaitooticr. V tbfa ftaigaa sa oost of toe otonfis* oaaaiaaa* Sta*, i t «rat! ttertpg that, «naa laanaaaa** tod toteaa f t a e M *. *a**V ffeult boSiw oicM set ij«Aeint>l7 bo fosasi* A pooa&ia exaoptioa to s*tetifle*14F oxteto l a th* oaaee of aajBfclaaan oad wostoru white epruao. .atbeu,*£> i>dt bedfea mm oajseraei ©a aettho* af feoaf oaaeai*tetfe a l l Smtmmw «te?@ $m$m*3iea fraiUne fed set ©saawod ia a fmrtfealar lattlfe* feft ted «w«©d i a ©ajas^t Instate* fefeofeooe •aaM fewsrtaMy ba feu* fe feo febftaet fe wIM faulting fed aot oaaawedt tiUtasgt tswtsHy fe a »*sa«a fwpsaa^ f*w fee* of hafefefe l a aMaa fraiMag lad ooounad* FWhtaworo, at freitfeg Immm feaaeaai^ itfdielfeo to a tebifeft» apsa, m m0m* fea fsaspooey of lafoaMea OAO feaswstog*? low fea eate sw»fe a isaHttaOft* afend aa» feoa a to aldaa £ndtfes ta* aaaaa^ aoV t^Mmfe^ fe feo ^teo tafaa«a» did aot oow* AUbogfcti ffie&lo mm ®m$mA afly m 9&m^& t'-aSr posa ©Iwmtostetto ir, th® ooarae of tfefa iawatijSjKticw, i t oao SRiawfc that thai* l^al^®3L 408 alMaa! ;a*votte**s mm a ooaaiDaaaa]* inftoatte* ugsao tb» oanatMeaai fimp*YMgr of £• t ^ Q t c ^ r n . ft®** tli® ooilo msmtmrfjm® of £lf!taoat habftete «**a Axvml to fewrt « B Mtesato qpon tett tha mlfew of mxmpm mi. Urn msMMm of 8* «taajfe^M» attfeSa otQatai* ft» mspm^t» qoiat**** of tha that an* #m*wt«lo^fe of &&avaat tsMtato w «*aw«Nti to laps** tiaifisito ^ ^taitat^tao* Alison tb* OOJOUB^ 'OSOO of tsooo of ciiffor^sst o'saoaaa OOJLill. IWi'Oj-ir •'fr T I I M I ijfc .a* Mil «il lift' ill I In Mi Mvlff akJK. I I « I I . I i JLJfcuM^ ttfcA «Mffilii ••n«ili .ifri ilft »il Ii 'Miflf '.In i.f MJ&k i»ltl lit »m to theoo hsMtotoy too l ^ t o t t o t ii^Oioa hy ao£l ^ a oigair of tjoo® So |*wwoot« to* oooaaquaooo of w®6sm& *v$&»9 m \\ m n aJaoe^- toot? ina»toa, irs *nwdp^ a }^;hsr laoMonao of «r ai him mmmm «f ummmm* oppw to be ss^ 'asailj? iSffttosfe Jfeea* oonSitisno any b© mmm&m& a®?. ttoaoxibae tbat are oitbcr noio or Jtaaa oonftmito to a high fretjuenoy of i t for any fasoot regio* of th® pm$mm* £km of tha faotora tbat api-toar to ®»«bs*© to tb* f r o ^ a w pttotta that i s ltnoenionble for £. ^nctorlsa bw© alssoa^ boom l i f t o d * al«»g altli the naone *sw*by thoy osa ba doteftee! and ®9»lEiato£ In notor&a Scro of tboo© faotoro# sooh of those of ata^ ~her»» Io toaperatoro and I w ^ l l t y s appeared to bo oocvSotontly e^ftc^sK* thus others feat* & IPE^WI&J i t i s t i bo wnfOswofl that all Santota* apart fern iahawsfe »efetaii§© to too foags* mo intor«aot&g« ?h* onto* i%a**naa*atpi of tt» aoils of oaffolMat habitato* far a*attp8o* oan M t e n o a *fco fraipeaey of £• t-:';^tcr^ i n o tamlrer of seoopiiiisbto* o*ea i f ij*ltw@% mm oooh 00 their omoto o* boat vigor, doasity of sto&Msgj sopont of @nta30 ii^pow^iiotl of ffa\\ter« sod a w i of ^ erfeas* that ia tow»|ted iaao tha otooophara* I t e^^am* tbawltefe. that it io the mnmmm of wah fwtow* ahathar tbay bo «artod iirootJy or aba* pzor*le the spmifSo otamotoriotioo of storo-tebitoto itdon* Is torn* 00* open tha aalllna of tha fans**. timemm fea -mrnam of mmdmkixm 'mm «c a l * * * feaai«M* fea pmmmm m^mm* fea fee* ©ff pmm. mmmmmm fefeg aeoeosaagr m .^ HlffiiH *« « peaofele fe esea&wi sw pwtgae* fee* a W p e l M mt fea) M m w f e af fea ft**** fe fea #SJ*«f* aet w®0mm of fe© s*®*iae©# a®»§e» feo f»gae faae a elieseatei^btiaelSy gwaatea? ffetpeoey fe none mefea* feea fe s i w . So p w « l 4* «aa fe i a i a % aaiS fea% fee feMjoaj fe item efe»eea* m mmjum tie*«e» mm fOead fe fee M t e w ef a fsai*4o oliaafe aad is mm algs^aa* fe fegioae fee* asa opioid fe a . ^ii£ioc! smtOm olfeafe^ i#e*» a aew ^P^^Hpt^i^l, alLSfefe aaita fi,@ fe 000% of feo Ceee* %gBtwriNa> SSa*t fe feo ease af eaea of ife imepfep i t ap^wc fee*$» ejaoaeefejo.. feooaao mm afcsaSaa* fei M O festafe fee ouoeepU as* ffea fea fe* fhmmm af a leetfffe alfeafe* p^oidel feat afeea^oi^a imssMity i a aaSafeiiWi at a oeaafeat hifih level.. Qirtafe Forest pot*o3o©^ i a w l s t a r to tho ««li*aMiift on* im@aaon% of l a t a tat mmm hmam i n tho fttfaat m B«C* Can., I-a;?t* Agr-, tor. Biol* Xoh*» 7Jtoanrnt» 1945. % Mar* J«2», ftollonwo «fi M i a , M i a n i n fofooo, ia th© t e p r Pbonor rtgion of ' M i l l 'SoSalife* ^ B#« l»f|* mm** Soon* IWH* 66, Qtlioio* H t * -Ap** hat* Mfe, jojftft* % A * of tho nr. oa*. ftta. S B * * * * 1984* 0ftO»i» «?55# , * gr*# apt* r a. ^nan-SoMotA J# l\"aaat aooioloar • taa otaay of J A M * 6 . aroaao,^ Bow tot ooaata v«o «* Moataftr & tte _ u T O o C T r _ _ Golanbta* Oa*** Soft* agr»9 SoA» Onrv.y for* Bds&# Inh., ?3otaeI&» i952. % yamm* Footer, .V?« and ^ i r » ^ % 0,r. A -^.SMmrf immtMmMim lata iim 4mm l&mm arartaiaoft M e e o t o r a hmloofc and trn-Mlfc. fir Xn tV, 'n~sr :*4*i-nt mmA (fcOunftda* te. Dor*. *er*# GtoU :yi=£ funr- by i!ffidr wajVors on gellic cr tscwSa oeM striate. J* % * * aa*, 59t6«M9f. 2W* 2 3 , iftataeB*** A H * af tea-voa to aatttlla fto C ^ t e ^ M ^ 2a the ajpo? f*ar* r seeioa of Britten jfcT^mv. B r i t , @®|*# DopV S®*»S l i « a w . « W » l i t mm* £«s# aad Baiate*** M » ife* fangs* s©®«^ i ^ i ^ a a 3f^l*aflaa*o« froa r^tmm looat^tec «&* a ace aaaas t*m AJa/daa. To». Dot. rs*36fc. 3595* 15. %a$mm$ CUR. Soeay of «@otow l^loafe io ewatam Oregca at* M^t«a # Ma tMir** Salt* a*,* Sail* !i» \"biases, 36* Foatar# run, ap* -feonaa, i .E» a Moos of ffee iriSa* paint fsjsjgo* as X::lcv** San*, ran*. Jigr,, Sat. Sosr,, Far* Biol, Ia**# V!aa*ari** 29£U poli»2o©?« 332* Boosy of «ao*t«k teio®* ia tfte tefsr roBSaaf. i M W i Caa* J» *3ot*t 3 2 t 3 4 5 » m . ?.954. 19» Tlad^poooky Botes oa a w diocooos of trooo nnr >r:t.i0HBl foaaata* 'l^topRth*^ 2t1&Jft+ 29S2* 2B% Hills, A«G» fte asa af aaajawl ^ ^ 8 ^ % in aarrJai* sril sitoa* fear* 8fcjo««» aot/^ 37* 2 1 . flttl** tho «l-:'3.3ifioitim ©afl «witasafel« of sit© for ®Ot0y« $000* Of CfSt»# Boot* '$0000 M l WWiif: HlO#. 'fillf*f %*e at*. 998» IS* §abort§ IMS* tb# #ttt|$aaoS® i f 6«aW lift «N»of« #* Agr« Has** 29 23* aft«% B*S^ i»bo* of « t i i i m^mm. *mwto$ m* f t ^ t to ooot* ©apt* ^ p »f 24* M 3 » % U « dtaojftfieojltaft of l»«ft©@% f®wtt f t Mte» lop* 1! oa WWU IS* t*atr« Soft* w** 25. Y*J* fMpaallalM' aaaaa o» oeoXo^al oaatftaa o* aaoite ttr Ideate oa too oast ooaat of Ibaaotiwor Island* -M&r* 8rlt» CoSUtf- $0$l» B@t#ft taaaogftfOJOto 27* a^taa* oaaaaat oa the otolow of £• oa* £« tatfr* Qrit» Cel., Dart* Bot.,' 28* Idaoolo* B,?« Moaaa toaa diwafoa a*anaa Hi Galtfowlo H»S«# 0o»o» M a t * Offloo, WSflBJa, 25t2B6*e?;* 193©* 2HU flob3oOf Stodtioa Sa foaroot pathology* fl# ^ ^ l ^ j f f l r t f e f i of ©mtoroa of w&o&msmW^ foagl* San, J . Pas., c* 36t 32* 8 * otofey of plant mmmmm* MM* S W w » m& to., San i t o s i s o o . 194C. Fwfjxw* of Qritiab Oolaribia* Sopor* of tba Fwwt flenrfoe ftr tho yaar «md32Jg lSao»§ib©ir ?4®toria« 3$5J* 34, ftwrtato of Bvftlioa Ootaeba** aaport of too Sbreet Sorvlao for too year endtoe BooaBbor, 31, W . Vlotorie. 1952. 99m BB&*W*$ Ii;»2* fttS Baife* B*3» PteWrt «SftO fepae o f fee SeefeRae aotfeoaot*. r w * of felt* Ctai** sea«« Uufe aw! nor*, for* aw**, Seea. 9mU$ 130, %efesia# 29W« 38* fcoafeaaar, ^*E* fe iisferto fopost m 6®m& fe feo i^pj©e-*oawa tone fotoofe of fe© fifeoo Gewso laslom* Cea*. fleet* aa***' Sit* SeVfe* Efe# SSftX* tea,, flefefte* 1990* 39* feaaer, J*E. on3 aXeoeofe, F.2. Float eooXoc?. ilsQvMlliX Jook Co* Im*, icaic, Toserito wd tasaom* 193?. 40* l o i r , .T.^ Bsofewtiw eff eefe of SMafefl. .akd ct*l M ^ S M I a i ^ t o ^ . rfeteeaAfe*, 3 i i a * ^ i . v ™ ™ * ™ 41* ®sto|s ?*1U tola® <©» feo elt£fe3toal m&m af feagi* \"^aolorfe* &t4*34* *91£* 42* ?Jeir, J*n* asd !^,5ort. *\"*r* 1 etudfcr of bmrt-sot i a W 3 t « benlook. u*U, !Jopt. 4gr., 1X01. 732* 43* fefep £*Be oaf Ifcfeart, E.2* a» iaflsieaae of tto*Ja-o. SSSl&Sls-foiiiooio o j y i l i e > l i l i l * « B a m m • am po»oro»oottp^iy>* m$mterWmmm &n^ -fmsaiio trlfollata. • i*. tmmm^mmsm^^^t^,. 1 jteeeoUiftoee or«f isoo vitb o» eeteriek •«•» teee* i» ooiofc IslllilSgSIm sinctarliua tee MOereoe. -2-mmu is {©©*%•«) 15. t a a g j ^ t f f f f ^ tto^^lf IS. 19, 20. 21. mm mMMM$S@£8t{BM& .m*&*W-Vm)*% s i l S ^ J s m l l l i * 23. Mm&.mmtem^mtm i^ummtmrfirnXUtom *mWm**m-27. 11 (coat'cU 31. 3a. mm mmmmmtmm tumWaumkL limmmMm 33. 35. ?JWif*fW* *g*J&Uft-3?. » . tuna dd»***v4*m mmmx^mmmm mmMm-mmmm 4 *5. ?M»* gl^<*-AM«9 • 4t». giema alpaca. lea Ir.aioca^-^^ab>.i9 ygvtfliar»«>Ma^CTe * • % M i 9 H M V JBW^«*ii«Ss*i\"P* *M*«i«WPlWWW»»\"W*\"W'\"<^P • ^ W ^ ^ ^ W ^ B ^ P \" ^ ^ ^ ™ *... Aff»9tZ ZU fSOfOrW fffCEPIC TO HABITATS ft'ITHH WSICS KCHl^ O A^fel-HIH fflMSftlSBl OCCUBS IK Bit? I8B COUM***. Aeeeeiatiea aaaear. I (aaWeeeaole****) eaee. gbajo aiieaia- tyaaaoaiooao feaatf ellai.fil»le« a a a b l l l a . .MtSStffl feflelhai. Oeoerreae*, Qm»% aOmatotos tit* w#»t»r» alepaa of tee Caac*4« !satsot«.ln» 00 n«hee foraed »jr seasonal ar periodic flooding e«t which ore eerreetlr «te»t fleoo Hwl, Sianea af tiia aaa. eeeeeietiee oeeer *!#•»* tea* af froa ?60 to afcamt Va^etettea. 1. IWM, 'ihala eMeata aee eaMUaat aeveiUryaaat la a l l eaae$ie*,' fMfcrtiaeiarly ta lever aleretiee ' stand*. Aeloa aiw^tlla Oaa -vary «oo4 fi«TOlep«ea% wo ta ee~3ealaaat laral e»o*e whioh i t ate reeaee* raoeaOtaaam UxifoUt occurs ia v»ty «®e4 irS^ t**? i s Urn hWmv mm-pion bat aeaaliy oa ©air raised *?>ove ta* level af tea gener-sl garoo. 1>a^a k^tfyoff ^ I f £ta* a verlaale ©eeaireae* teat te aattaiiy confined to th* lawor eaeeaiee. •feat v i l l M « a » w&d toteta eaoiwfte* «a eluded where eealfereae re#»a»rati©a ia laekiag. It h»e it« «re«te«t a%mad*«c* *« low #levaUon*. Itlsua fgefflgfi ia * eaarwltvea ;»ieaeer epeele* tea*awstaalijf losae dsmlaaaoe to eitaar eagle or eoaiforooa a-peaiee. 2, loeeer veaatftUoa. lae ecru* isyer wlee free Mlag coaul*te to dlMcootiaooaa aot io teaeafeelr reefeeeele* ay Jaa^oaa gu&iM* ig|§a MKiStX i l l Dominant mm$ «o«»«9 ara Malaa iiaaatataa. __, fofsefr&ssfcy MA N i l , fee teftograaajr *• «9»»r»lly flat wltk law diaeeetUc rla«*e. The sail la af allaaial ayigta and lacks etraftlfiaastea other %hm a fairly distinct imm» layer. Beaanfta tea thin layer of doff null feaaea the aall te» *«rth~a«ll ehmraetar-letlee, Sak~awfa®« aralae** U aoad tot tae sail ts ftraaaaatly aoiat. Saa-allHata. ttaaia af tfcie eea-eeeeeteilea aeva aa «ari*l aeeaat teat 1* aaattaaaaeSy ^sM aa* eooi, etker *ta» la th» tops af aaalaaak t w i wbe** eeaenaal v*r» taaaata*\" AeeoeUtiea aeakar. 8 Saeftera ulaaea af tk* mmU.tm ma& «««lera aleae* af the $mm®» Maaetoia* ia areea iaaedi-aaely *r«*a%»*y to etagaaet lakae. ?hl« aeeoei-etiea aay •i%ka» develop free aeeeaiatleaa aaatar 5 est 10, la tka area* tka* suk-aarfae® d r a i n s is aeeeaae, ar aay eavelar lata &»»®ei&flens 4 and U aaaald aareetriated drainage aae&a. It ©eears fraa nearly can leva! to akee* f£00 feet. fegetatiea. 1, trees. ©tie 1* a aoe-eoswerclal feveet »a*&«iat£e» aktak ia, feai***r( eeraally adjacent to steade ®f etteer aeeeaiatleaa ef •aoaaala i»p©rt«*isc«. iav vigor aad «*#*^ teeltiag #f ireee ia a aos-sal featsre of tkie eaeeelaUee. yflaaa, aaaterta mad I. aaakleola dominate tae M«k«et eaaopy *k»ra»a feenn katarapferlla aad ffottift qlleate daalaate la the lever eaaeeiee at lev elevations m& fakjH atrfraaataaa amd %aaaonjraarJfr n Q Q t t r a t « B 8 l f t at hl«aer «&a*aMaaa. 2 . lesser rage tattea. fhe i&rab layer is aeraaUy vail d*Ytlafe4 *a# iaamrlatlr pre seat ar© lalaia ?»lifo>ia. ttaalekorla *ke larartAkly • ftteeieiaa ograooeea. Qearttr ] i« I « M wail eaveleeea' althaa^ a 3-wmrnm xss (eeot'4) Allatateo aad Srlaaboram af, fa» mess Uyvr Is Totjograpby and eeil. i.he to?>egrap&y variee from flat lo geaily sloping, fhe eoll is contittaettaiy •mt otiaer tte&a for & ee&eea&l dry lag of toe tapper layers of imams, fhe taenia layer ia tatek, pee.tr aad everliee a aiaerellsed eoll that tea the eeoelateaey of black oaok. Saoh aolle are vary acid, Ico-oiiaate. - foe higher eoooptee of ataada of thie association are epea «ad tew a very dry aoaeoaal aeaeot. Toe lover ©aaopiee, thrae, here, aad aeaa layere are «ore eneltered aad exaielt eoaetaat high hualdltle. m& moderate tesperatarea. Aaeoelatiea au»fe«r. 11. alopee ef tho Coast Metmtalss aad weetera slope* ef the Cascade Mountains on Offer elepee aad oa tie ereete of gently rolling Mile. It eeeors at ele**Ueee of froo ooaot faat to aeeot 3&@0f«at «»eva sea level. Yegetatlea. 1. freee. fao^a hetero^tarlla eeeore la a l l eaaopioe la fair Ttfer. It rarely eeecrelea to* M«a+st la yooae ataada where Beaglee f i r deataatee. J^detfOA ** ******** epeelee la fetm* etaaate, teajetaer wit*. «ee*er» white plae, tat It %®mm «* Aeaoelatieo at aa •arly afe ©tS»r teas for a fair eemttered traaa. j|lleo p a l l i a reatalae i o the lower aaoootoa for ao loaf, a* Douglas f i r reaaiaa e©~ dletieet pedael horiaea aad are eitker eilty-eeade or enae sot gravel lease. SEery or* eeatiaaeaaly aoist tkreaatoai toeir «*#!» and are aeaeeaally wot. at laa eurf&ee. dlaiaetiea aeoaaa refnlarly aaa aeaally wttata 18 leahae af toe sail earfae*. lae-eitaate. aeat etaade af tola eeeeelatiea era reaanaaaly aaeitered frea «Uat leflaaaeaa ether tam ia tae tope af taa Umtmr tree eaaapiee ay raaaaa af eat* toeir taaagaaoMa laaatlaa awl taa deaeity af etoekia*. Soak etoa&e Mm mv\\nV9a%' ne^eae^fe^frn^ ^ a^i^3 ^ Oeeajnraaee. Coast aeaataiaa aaa taa westers elepee af taa Ceannde Meaataiae oa weil~a^i&taed toaetoe er alepee at eleratlaae af frea stoat i m ta 23&G feat •tore aaa level, ftaafta af ihie aaaaalatiaa imm at their leveat elevatieee oa taa vaetera alape af tM Ceaat «e«at»i»e asi ara of tea fwteatoty vltkla larger art** of aaaaelatlam aaator 12, Vegatatlea 1 treat, faaan totaraakrll* la eneaantarfeaieallr taa •ajar apaol#» ay velaae aad fffenaaaey, U tee i@ed «l«ar la a l l aaaapiaa, altoeasa eltatoly ~ * free ta»% ta aaaaaialSaa aaaaer 12. aMaa, aaaaUla oeeare la good vte*r ia t U eaaaeiaa eat aaa ita «reeteat tav^paaay ia aaa lower aaaaplea. ---n.-r aliaato oofisars ia aU aaaapiaa ia eoet stond® bat dene eat aarsally ooapato mumHmtmU*- vitk weetora laattaea ®a4 eaaailla f i r ia aatare ------tonjlalla la a aiaor rpeeiee of lee TUer la alder etaade tot le eeaettoae * aajer deal TrL^ aaaaaa. i*a*idad aaaH etaade tore had toeir ertSbTia\" Plena ^aq^ieal^ toe a alalia? ©ewrwaea ead to that ef anajlae f i r . -7-2. leeaer ve«9tatiea. the shrub layer i» eheraeterletie-ally folly devaloped m& Is *» |a^al*n ovftilfoUqB end 1. igcrJete; uaaally praeant In this layer ara aaaltanrfta aad ttatwaia aarq;oea,. \"iJoa aer* layar ia aorw pearly developed and af tea almoat laaniat, %ea aeree eeenr, iavariatly preeeat ara Soraaa aaalya trlatarlla. 'anile fan ami ia 'eeafotee Tsy aaa. ttriliiaaalaaaa toraaa. aaa aail. far tepegrapay varies fre» eoia* flat ta eteeply •loping, altbo^h seat ataade af tola aeeeelatLea aeaar en «ea»la slopes. Pedselieed arWk aolls tant are aainiy af glacial origin eaaraetortee tala aeaeetoftaa. lean aotla tore * tale*, mm laanae teat vartee an te Ik laenee in det»to and a diatlact -padsei tt©*i*e» of iitoal ens inoa deaf. 2a* aia«rali*«d jorcioa of the eell la aeaally a aaad aad gravel loan, sad hm a sraaalar atraetare at tae earf&a* toat stoagea te aalag either ewspaaled or eeaanted la tat aepta. faaee eaila aay to «£ eltae* «l«eUi or alluvial eri&ta, 9eeee af allnvial origin are deaf valla toeee ef glacial erifla are often eMUev. Sen* anrfaa» dtr,i^ge ia very geed, altaoifn eiaVearfaee Irrlaiatlee la equally good aad I* «ffaetlre far «oat ef tae eell da#tn «*i»#a*at tfea ye**, ftleleetlea ef tea eeeure deep la toe profile, fre%enntly an erteteia layer. A eeaaiamUea of larjaaaa* vlaa laflaenee nere epea etraetore la eaaaea of tola aaaaolatioa, fraa eaaee of aaaaoiaUaa attsfeer 12, aeraally reaalte la a e*a*#®aily dry aerial eavlreanent tbat de«n to fee co~4enlaeai level of %ra«§, Ooearreaee, veeei «o»%«i»e and an ato wastom miepe af tan eaeeade H^wtoins. sneaae of tote aeaeeiaaiea ease* aataljr A m i S l l 111 (**at*d) oa eteee slop** o% * l * * a t l * B * ** froa WW to 3000 feet atave a*a l e r e l . fb*y eeearp|w<^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ W' _ ^ _„ „• U good TU*r aad of to* la «®*r 2 u***r v*c* tattoo, fee etesb layer U torartobly well aafeleyat aaa le ooatoato* ay faeeleleo frallfolaa. 1. oayrifollaa aad fjrittaeYftJ jSftoT^ fl*!wXtey*r S a ^ greaUr ea to Ite i « . ^ * » « « L « i i * tat lavarisfely eteeeat or* fffryea ^ ^ ^ S ^ S T eaaaUy ******* *** mm y i f t S S e g e T t r 1 * ^ 5 * * * * * by » * ^ f d t o j f , A f J a a l At M i ^ r eiaraueee ifcflftMaSaeta ualmis i * -9-amm* l i t (a*e**t) ia area* n^ra^larfaai^^tt^ea le*lsU**a. i»pe«ra#&y .and. mil. Stasia af thto aaaeatotlea r*f»toriy •eaar aa aetata** ta very *to*p *top*e. F*d**li**d brow soil* af etoetoi ®rl«ia ara eharaetortotto. Th* g«**** material aay be aitbar glacial d*p**l* ar *lle*tol dtp** it t*m glacial rivers. Badreafc to efiea cloae ta %tt» aarf*a» aad layer that vertae froa tw» np to If, iaebaa 1% depth. leaahlag la aeoelly av Ideal a* a ttottoet herl**a bat aftaa ptaetoato* to wr* tons 12 laabaa, dapeedtoc largtly apaa to* *toala*e* af th* froaad. tba toxtar* *f to* »to*r*i pertto* of toe ceil to aaad aad erevel toaa with elite aaaettoea ereeea*. tbay ar* aornaily mmv&m aaaa toe earfaee aad vary froa *4^*ffttod to d«a**ly easpaetod la toe depth, C*a*etottoa le uncommon aa to gletowttoa. Sab-•arfeft* dratoafe to aaaaiiy «e*d bat 1* •eactto** tep*d*A aaaerdiat to la* arraeyeaeat of toff* etoae* •ad. tb* aaaftoarattoa af the a*4r*ak. Neat af to*** eetla mm eaaalsteatly aetot and ar* of to® vet to their depth. Saevelieete. beet *toad* »f tfeto «a**etot.toa aaaa earestrtotod air dr*to**e> to the latejeer «*a»pi«* *aly. Mr twsparator** ar* eoaeletoetly aad*r*t* to the tower eaaepto* bat at* **a**s*lly hi«b aeet*. Atoe*oh*rie baaUltl** *r* **a*le%*»tly ate*, to the tower eeaeetoe bat ar* aeah l**a aa to th® htotor ewaepte*. Aeaeetatiea aaaeey. 15. feaaa. betereaarlto-CMiaft wmMsJ^i-eat th* wastora elap** of th* „—... Heaatato* «a poorly-drained sella feeeUSac fr*» th* configuration mt to* bedrecH which 11** etos* to to* •mil •orf***. ttoad* of this Meeeiatlea aeear at *l*vmtl*m* of free abeat 15**° t* 1®©© fa*t ab*v* *#* l*v*l» th* assoetottoa eaear* aa fraaaaata withl* aar* *s**B*iv* • f a**9etottoa* aaaber 1? aad Ifc. f*#ttotl*a. r * * e r l l * * ia a l l 1. fraaa. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ S l e a t o ^ l y ' ta tba htetoet -1ft. mmmx. m ceeat'd) distribution Is elder *taa£a tot say to yeaa* etaade. le a l l ©aaaptee feat eely la eederate vigor. II .tea Ite greateet ekeMaaea at algiar elevatleae at lavar elevatleae %y veatera Ttmja aUk&liS, aaa ite greateet frvsnaaey ia tae lave* eaaeaiee. It tee extreae lev vigar la hee a nigH f teee«aay ta aS«a-tiU«a%iea stead* ^ h«»e i t ee«ara ia tee eaaapiee, eseept la vary eld ataade v&ere i t h^^fcji5t'»B,iww #, Wie JMjton A na nil e% 'ft jjMaa. aaaallle aaa aa eatreeely variable distrifeatiea* 'lata i t ia preeeat i t le eoafiaed te tea lever eaaeptee vaere i t bee lav to yesag etaade «®A i f preeeat ia elder etoada i t will eater: W*n«ft*Ur «** ** le* vigor. Taxua ^ rovifalto eeeara ealy la toe lever la lev ' a. Leaaer vegetation, fat eerenintlaa preeeate a terarlaat aepeet ey reaeea ef a felly developed ahrae layer. ts*«riafcly praeeat are _ fhe tore layer ia aaaally laea well , tot ef tea tee a feed dietritotiea ef $®m*,ma£mm^Mmm$amk. other &**%* taat are eeaaily preeeat are laraiaMtaa aaertoaiaai. a r 3 R eUa^J »y ^ :li»cea.|aa m^S^m* tertld^de^haa a m i t t l B t U f J t e M la tae totter drained a«d by era.. PWioShaelue aadalft «ad i . iMlam t» the wetter fepegraphy aad eail. the *epa#r»#ay i * aeaally flat tot vita fhe aeil le ef flaelal origin ead aay aaaatat aalaly &f *WiBtt III (eMt'd) aacmalatlatw ever a very etellow layer ef aiaar&l-laed M U , fhe haaee variee up to elg&t laeaee tMe* aa* la at very peer eaellty. Fedselieatiee invariably oeoare aaa a*y rme& 4avav%ir£ fat aor* ttaa 1% i a proxlaity ia root* «ad atoaea. laftraak la aaaally elooe to the sarfaee and reek eaterope are aoraal. Seek soils are vat ead ara aeid itareagls©«.t their deptk ky reaeea ef .eltaate. Moot etMSda of tale aeeeetotlea are wiaeV te the tap ef the ehreJo leper kelew vfciefc * «s©aet*w**ly kaaU AgeaateUe* aa****. ia. Ceaat iioaatalae aad tae veatern elepee ef ta* iaaeato *!©«nta.Im* at «i«t«§*e of Area ^ 0 ° te aaornt 3§S© «aat *kov® aaa laval. *taa4e ef tale aaaoeiatle© ara #ltk#r iatewtisei aita aaaealatieaa 13, 1*. 13. and 1? ar lie 1. freee. ^ ^ ^ J ^ W * ^ a Mgis fre^aeaep- end good tiger la nil kat laeke tee kel#* grew** i t attelaa la aaeeat. atteae aaeker 13 ead JA. aatta eankilfa eeoara la all o&aepleft ,< vita good vigor. aVMaYtteanl*; raaaitee Ite Is ti l s aaeootatiea where it la. a l l aanepte*. • fiaUa =>Itoata Urn at eaet a eaattered la tat* aaaaalatlaa. It ft** year vigor. taaaa yrteaatiiaa aaa i t * great** yaeadetaaaa monjgalie In aev**Hr aaaaat tat if pr«»eai ttkaoar* la lev * i § * r aaa trevaraay ta «aa atgaaat -12-mmmu m (eeat'd) ffiaea, oootlooift le of tea preeeat a* a eeattered epealee la the hlchoct Ottaoey. iMS* araytfalta la rarely preeeat sat, If aa. It eocar* l a lav rl«er la the leva at eoaepy. 2. Leeeee vogetatioa. tha earab layer la wall developed. lararlably preowtt la tola layar ere faaelalaa ovallfoliBa aad, at law elevatleae, £. oarvlfollaa. Uanally pr##*«t are S&altbarU timUm. I . wMK&U, «»d maam ssmm, «» herb layar la aaoally wall developed. Savariahly ereeaet ia this layar wre Sabaa aM&liiA. fittaft $eae«?aphy aad soil, Steaea af tale aaaaelatioa eeoar aa eteop to moderate alopee aad aa beaahee, provided SHSjjo* m9m^£m&m l^jRftieeflfc(^ e^^ JLa)t jJifiWMi. ^ W\"3feaeMBk -aWafla^ l^(fctt9Pa?BW©^ gaole*** ia eerieaaly tepedad tae •eeeelatlea i a replaced by either a »J IJBUO varletlea of It ar by aaaoeiatloa amber 15. toe e e l i i a af gUeiftl erlaia •ad U eooelty atreai^r podaoiieed aad aaid la Its eeyar layers. ?her* te a raw hoae* layer af froa elm to 12 iasbte thlefeaeee, Xasept far tea oeear-mem of la*«* steaee tae e o l l le oooaliy 30 or aore teaeoo doef. foe tester* of tat a e l l la atooat invariably eaad aad gr«rei leao. Saab eolls era peraoewatly aolet «ad are aemally elaieml* ia tbe depth. loe-elia&t*. Meet etaaaa of tale eaaoeieMea are wiad •*pe**d nod toad to have sa ep*a etraetore la tbair 13-< APFUBIX III («eet'd) O*oarr*aee. stand* of thto aaao«Utl*a oeear aoeally a* fraoeeate vtthto a*** •xtoa*to* mtmmm of *»*®oi~ «%i*a aaetor 14, fboy eeeey lb eir***wtaae** where **l^ *setf»e*.dimto**3* 1* toy**** t* tb» *st*et that «oxf*e* mmm3m%imm af wear potato* for aaa* of ta* y*ar. ®ooh «toad* haw* aa op*a Btraatar* la a l l *taa** of their d***lepaeat to aatarity. Tr** growth 1* aaaa r*dae«d free tbat of earraaadto* a*«eotatlea*. Aaaoaiattoa eaeb*r 17 0*a*« Meaatotos aad to* ****ere atop** of tb* teboad* Seastoie* at elaveUaae somally abov* 354*0 f**t. Stead* of tMio aeeeelatiee r*pr«»*at *?j>rexi»at*iy tb* eaeef Holt* of oerateotobl* eteaaa l a tub* eeeat f*r*et t««toe. Y*f*tottoe. 1, fr*e*. fee**, eor**a*toa* I* tb* *mi® *p*et*# by valea* to to* hl«b**t oaaosa*,. I t oooara l a §Md vtoar to a l l eaaopto* *BO*ot at to* algtoet ele*a*ieae. Ibto* aaobllto a** itoitod dtotrtomttoa to to* bat eftoa teem a high frajaeaey In tb* lover e^ yaopto*. I t * rigor to a l l eaooptoa 1* lev. doat aot oeear to too »!#»** to oaotlool* *oa*ti«»s oeear* to to* htohMt , bat ©Ely to low 2. to***» vo^tottoa, Che *br*h layer le **te*e*ly vartobl* a* to ito eftattoolty. larartobly , h*wcv«r, ate faoelatoa f*allfoltoa* 1. mmmm. aad Khod^Aendran atoiftoraa. fee barb * poorly d***3y*a*d both ae to the oasber of their f r*%o*aoy bat *s*&»ily Sabae weJotoa. ftoto arhtoatotou S ^ e T S S IHiaiWa*a5» ^ p a t a daeto*t*e thto layer to -14-wwwmm. i l l (®**t*d) aaa* elanea and eaaaaleaalljr to m i l •a. *an .•all la a aaaatala aaeani vita a toiek raw hoeaa. fa* padaal karlsea la eaatiaaee* aad varlaa aa ta flan Inches la taiekaese. The sail la of gtoalal arlgle, hae a wand, aaft # w * i lean la Boraftlly aaallaw, wt aaaaaalag l i la dea-to. faa aail la a*aaoa*lljr very dry at the eavfaee Hat la anatiaeeaelr aalat la It* at tale aaeeeiatlen aaa* eleee ta wind aaaaaava far tat tegiea. *a*y keve aaa int#ra»di»te level af t: •i^ lWe^ &en' J^ fi*% a\\^BNB SjSSSfl^Ma^W j, Ja^ e*-^ *»**.. yk»4a allaata- (teena aaMgaakyllaJ. at elevatles* af f sen IMQ fast 3000 feet akeve **a leeel aa aUavlal plain* torderlac aaa at tha eeaatlaaaae af tala ilisaw, StaaAs af tala aeeeatetf en ara aftaa , laaHiaalaalqr at alike* alavaaaaaa. 1. Traaa. taalf, iaiS&S& i a toe aajar epeniea ia tae Mgkeet aaaaff aad tea gaaarally wety gaaA vlga*. It i * eeaettnee teplaeed ta a latga dag*** ia aldar ky veeleae aeaally *»a®k«a tat klgtoat aalr witk a eaantnve* eeearreaea. i t taa* a dlatrlkatlaa aad gee* vim** l a ta* tower tenifella dees aet seear to tke elieet aaa^aTkaa' tittoet alanattere. It to* a •anvtte*** eeaarrnaae at lov elawttoaa aad eaaetlaea dtetrfkaktea to fjaan, aaaaanaaal eeeara nit klgker elevatleae in tka Mgatat ©aaasr aaly. It kaa amiy a aeattsred nd 1* eroatoally raplaaad ay f.bigs aaakHia aaaafa aalaly la tke a«A aaaallr *»Sy 1» tow wliar aaf \" ' -15-AfPMSU 111 Uoafc'dJ ift rf, glabrwa occur* ealy in tea elder la i etead* kat la eft** th» dsataaat plant la ataaaa ar 'la ef*»lag*:of alter vegetfttlea. tae earaa layer la ay reaeea ef ta* le ••A Caraaa e*na**a*ie. PeaaUy **eenas Sa tale layer layer le fairly eeaelete with si call, ftte tepagrapay la either flat er gently elepiag. ieattere4 lew af tea aeaar tkreugsaat * gesetslly lev-lytaB eat flat area. Tea e*U le d**p ttd a a a definite raw kemae that e«*fU*a a thinner layer ef aaff a n i l . I atellaa grarel er e l l t y leaa. the e e l l is aelst Ite depth bat kae exeelleat Santa, Stead* ef tale aeseetatien are aeaally well ameltered frea wind laflaeaeee. Being cttaatei ia a ****** ef alga a ileeeeiatien aaaaer. i f . .(laiee aaaellla) at ebrratteaa ef tmm i W te mm feet eaeve sea level, ataade ef this »t Ion eaaar en well dralaed eat e*»-Irrigated alepee aad aeaaaee. Saaa etaade aaaaaUy^Ua tegetatlea. . . „ 1. tree*. |aaj& msmm&k **«**• la a l l eaaeptee wtta. fair vlter, feeiag tie aajer epeelve ey ~ ' la ta* algaeet eaaepy. JO. mmmx in Uoat'd) £M*m oaabllto ooea** In a l l emBOpl** bet l i * ireetoat *i«o* and «t!»s»4aaoe below to**!, ffieoa, ^TffTliffflHl is of tea **b*irat and has only a *eatt**«d dist*lbattoe to tb* highest p**«*a*. la y#aa# a toad* ao* 1* eyaeaell* aad eosptotoly **-plaood by w*»to*m tooloek. It has f*od »l|tP la Pltma ajaaaiaolo has a alalia* *®oa***ee* ta that ©f Baoglas f l * eat la mere pe*eiat«*t 4a ®ld** fhttto i^toato ha* a vartobto ©eee*r*ee* la a l l eaaeytoe. It ha* It* «*e»to»* f**@,e*aey aad vife* in the !**«* eaoopto* oad at law** elaeaftteae. 2. to*a«* ve*«J*a**ee, *he ahrsb toy** to oeaally well dovoioped, b*lai daol»»to* by ftMitoatia* eaaaiaftoe. fiieeiatoa airta^fflitti* • i n M i m w - v i faaally pto**at bat to lew** I . avalifoltott. Wmmm - - • iveoey a** jefflmeawaiajpi a . . . — — . aad Sarba* aib*aeeale. th* heffe ley** Wt** aad soil. The topography varies fwarn flat t* atop** of f*oe f l * * op to d*ft**s. to* eoll 1* etfeadftr pedaellaed, * f glaetol ** aitovtol ori«to, isad ha* a taw beam* lay** that *«*!*• to thieha*** ap to If tach*». the podaol h**i**a varto* froa oa*. eaarto* laeh to at to aet fire laohee tototr aad * f t * a paa*t**to* to pocket* to onto pwoto* depths, isad and' g*av«l lo*a* j>**d*»l*at* aad soil depths vary IM to h© toetos. §l*lsattoa of tea oeoors bat always d**p to tb*. profli*. lee soil *t*oate** to ~ l ? . tit ( >e*n Iffl 1!« €***». M l t t M l eeastla** bat 1* net a r*galar footer* of thee* eeile. ******* drmlaage la gaai aa la **»•***!«** irrigation. Sana eelle ara eoatlaaeaaly nalal la th*ir depth ana aa«aaaally try only ia taa aeee aaa taan* layara. staade af %nte aaeeaiatlen vary eeaeiderafcly la their vlnt although a heavy a eevor, *%an«*s% e * i i enietar*,, eontr lento ta a f ran tae green® line te tke taps Associatioa annaer. 'If ( ef aaeeeiatian namaer If aaa eftea a* vithla nere eaten*!** area* af eaeeeUtieae 2>27 taeleelve. they mem anaaaUy aaere Wm feet te afcont k&Q® feet mfeera aaa level. fteseoiatioa aanaer. 20. lane, fanan iwtemaa»lla>l%t»a aj^jlla-faaalalan ovalifqllan-Cliatoala aj)jttf|^ y^ »e®ratta ea»$&aa*l». Geearrone*. Caseade Meaataiee et elevattea* ef free te 3S@@ f « 9 t «** level en e e l l amines *l*p**. •tana* ef tale aeeealatlea represent eeaaltleaa taa* ara the neat faveraala to growth ef western he*la*k and e n a t l l i * f i r In th* eeather* pertl** ef the €a*ead* Heaaialn reglea. i . 'treat. 2is& .Hf»fffff%M» to ©Kcalleat vigor, i t eharea the 4 with eneeilte f tr *y *M*a i t i t **n*tla*e replaee* l a very old etanee. gfeiae aamhlli* eeeare ta e l l eat***** ntta. ase*ll*at vigor. fiaift alieata le eftea laekiaf i a very old *taaa«*a* nannlly l a nateara etaade l a all eaeof 1*« area taaagh Is t*fa«d vigor. mmm in (mm%*0 taxifolia aay mm a high ia the highest eaaejr af yosag a l a * * * bet ia either Craa alia* et**te at aaa at beet only « epoKidie faataa etay/jfa}la tea a variable eeearresee that la always aaaf taed to tea lever ejiaoplea. 2, teaser vegetetlea. The eterak' layer la af taa enap&ete with Vooelaiaa ev«|lf alien denlaaiiai. tsaaliy vnneaan i a tala layer are I. aes^ranaeana. h o r r i d , ahododaadroa aiblfioraa. «erbaa 1* •** iafeaa aoee tab 13. la Tba her* layer I* beta, as te the annher ef epeelee aaa their , Alweye preaent and een^aetlag ara Clintaal* Carnal paasy&^ nals. t l ^ f i U a aaifQl,i«,^ a. aad stasia Oeeelly yreaeat are anient losdntna. ^.yti^^di^ SteffijLaffil. OfeSffla^ &jLa, the aeee k w r varlee froa be layer iag elanst aa ansa an**** ***** tnyftiftlannla roteasta aad always present. Seeally E. etssp slope* aaa aeaaiderabla *a»i*tlen aay be eayerieaead vithla a eiagie stead. The soil aay be «f either glaelal or ailevtal origin* eaaaliy the foraer, aad hae a rev bmm that varies % to eight lashes ihtek bat wfaieh is eaaaliy ef «**« quality, there is a veil oaf iaed padsei layer that varlee ap te fear iaafcea i a depth, altheagh laaehiag of tea peastratee to aaeh greater depths areaad staaea aad root*, fhe sia»r»l portion ef the e e l l varlee froa US laohas to mora thaa 3© iaehoa. * s*aa end gravel lean t*xtw is aeraal far eell*. *he s o i l le greasier near the aw eggragated, eeneaeted, or eaaeated l a thi flelsatlea l a eaeaen, mrticuiarly u eld ellnvial eelle. fh* profile le continuously aoiet wet. are nenaeUy high as* are *an*l*t**tly high by mmm ef heavy prelrseted aaow ©ever whlah aay persist for -19-utmmu III (eeet»4) toe** tot toe aaa®**. 21. awe. tssm mmm^isumx mwma)~wm mm^mmms** m to* lower elope* of steep b i l l * to tot ***** to* float toftoaaoe of prostoitr to ettaer aaaeelatlee aaaber 18, free wbtoh It ear «***l*p, or •oseatottoa* aaator i f and 20. growth to f^morallr **ry good to thto •••aototioe. f*f*tottoa, I. fr«**. f*o*m aetofooarllo eaoeea r*f»JL*yiy to a l l wlto to^tfelto, **o«re ragelarly to tee hlgtoat eaaofy toyoeaf *t«ate sot 1* rsptoewf. by itoek m& western ret eetar to older *t*at*. Tao^a alteata. oooors r*«al*rlr to a l l emaepto* and to good viae*. ^ aaaMlto occurs ®aly Irregelorly la to* testosa* aaaopr *** is rafolarly preeeat la l*w*r St to* low *toar «*•* la to* lower ©saoptos. hrorlfelto ooeare lrr*fatorly oat alweye to the lower *ea*pto*, aaa v%%h toot r l f » r . 2. lower v««etottoa. fhe extoab e***r varto* #re*tly i t * eastoaa t«v*l*pa*et ia *toat epaa herrito*. fa^o.totoa QTsHfolloa. »!*** laoaatra. tabaa. **setoblll*. f. aarviftora*. aot faaheoo* oabane are- uowsally pre**et. Tb* herb layer to lavarlably v * l l «*v*l«p*t. Bryoetorl* Itoe^waa,, Atorrlae f i l l s -it ttalfeltota,. Cllawaia qa^flarq,.. fafaaj jfflQ, tyif^ p.rgafr, Maaaoa, bagafjto. Saba* eat ttfjJBlejea msM ere tarartobly preaaat. •*» 1. lawtoxifoltoa. Viola atobolto-Sa th* ear* eotot I . toatoa*. i . mS&im, Kitooto 'aeJle to the tr faaaate^ey aot •oil. th* t*pe*r*phy aey b* either flat or *to*ply ' al*pto<. Th* soil* ere either of «tootol -20-Mpwmm i l l (cont'd; or aUevtol origin out io al l eases oro eefttiaeeatiy moist soft, eamaliy, with eeaeeaal eoewsaJUitlea© of a»rf«ec sotor. ¥h»re It aeejiily • deep row baaes that ©varltos a thtoeer layer of daff avail. Leochtog eeeare, bat »ot «tosy* lo a woU deftoed hortooe. f feo atoeral «©U t# eeaaiiy deep oad has o seed aot p-avel loon, toxtare vllb seas elite often present, foe etmetore vartot froa gronolor at toe earface to e©ogoetoa lo the depta. ©rtotoia fereettoa is aaoeaeaa.' aietosiitoa efteo eoeore aaa eeaetloee aloee to tha earfaco. ®»h~ sarfaoe trrl®atloo aad dr*laa«e So. normally eaeellaat. lae-eliaate. Atoeepherto heeldittos are eeastotoatly high eat • teeperatare* are eeaeeaaily vara, psrttoalsrly la tha Associativa aaabe*. 23. •aaa, ftosa eoi^tooaal-toii f torelto ao|f eltoto. high alevoMea forest* of eoath esntrsl totortor plateaor, at. elevattoa* of froa »3«0 to feet shove • O A level, f toads of thle eoaoelatleo are leeotod aa former flood plato* of atoeeae aad lakea hot are at preeeat above the level of eeaaoaal or p«rtodie to** tattoo. 1, frees, flea* eaoeloaoai at talma its aastooa devalojBeat for the reipe* to. this assoel&tioa. It oecars with good vigor to oil eoooptos other ttee la toe lowest eaaojy where Ite freqaaecy sad vigor or* leas. Bm ^ r r r - -to all oasepto* ood to older stoats, to ssy aaaalately replace engeiawaa aprooe. gbl*a ^ eto^to boo a 2 ,*>r-*dic mmstmmm to toe s asaatola atoads of toto aea*etottoa where it eely to toe lower essepto* aod with low vtoer. Atoaa tooalfalia has as irWgator bet often ple*e*r* the- esbwMftattoa oa It ©owe sotoly to epsatogs to elder atoaea. 2 lessor w**to*toii. the ehrab toper to eftea vary well lovmrtobly preset are -21-APPMBIX 111 (eeat'd) Topography aad eell. fhe topography la elthor flat m gsatly alepiag. Mast af taa aalla ara af aa eUavial origin and save a tala rat* haaee eve* a thleker layer ef oaff aaU. leaching eeeare hmt le eeidea expresesd «« aa i»rlsoa. the sell tsxtare le sllty-aaai aaa the straatare is granalar, vith easpae-tlea aad iaaipleat ortetetn feraatiea eeearrlag la the depth. ®ieisntiea is lararlaaly prseeat ead eftea elese te tae earfaee. *h* cell Is deep aad consistently moist. £ee-ellaate. steads ef title association hare a eeattaaeasly hanid atnospaare ap to, aaa msnally ineladlnf, the denlaant tree lwvel. Air teenaratmree are seasemlly warn in the higher eaaepiee hat ere eeatiaaoaaly eool eelev. Mr drainage Is eereaily reetrleted ether then in the tops ef denlaant tree*. Aeeoelatien wiener. 2*. Oooarrsaos. iah-alplne pertlens ef the C&se&da lonatalas and high elevation fernete of oenth aaatral tatarier platesnn at siwatieee of free to 55« feet above asm level. Stands ef this aaaaataalan eeear en the lever slepee ef hills where greanA water aovensnt Is free aad e oa tot other ha»d, ther* is a ©oetiaoooaiy baati aad wosoaally mm *trato» of air thai blanket* tb* tower l * v * l * af *r«ae» tossotottoa aaa*ar. 25. Oeearraaea. Sob-alpla* parttoa* af th* Caacads Maaatotoa aad high *tov**to* farest* of •oath aejtttal totortor atotoaax a* elevatl*** a to liar to thoe* of aaM*tolatteee 23 aad ?A. steede of tola aoeeotottoa of torn oooar a* fragments vithto toffer aroaa af aaoeetottoe* aathor Z% 1*. asod tft. to«etotloa, 1 1. ?r*«*. nm*. ooootoaaal oeoor* to a l l otmoftoe tit* low vtojor. Iblo* toalooar^ mmm i a a l l eoaopi** to lew *i#or, l i too a «r«*tor frvqasaay l a tee tower c&ooptoe thist does #aceto«a» eoroee. A^laa* t»Oi$fofrto. oocora reffttoriy l « etoadi of a l l a*** ha* haa too greatest fre^tsRscy i s yaaag stoads. 2. looser roeotoitioa. ?h* abreb layer i s aaaallr eeU dovelaaad aad i s etetoatod hy aad soil, flie to^Ofrofhy to oitoar f l a t or very «*a*Iy oloptof. fha soil toehs ooftoito *tratlfla»ttoa other tooa a'fairly distinct rm to daff Roll horn*. ?he reoatoder of the soil i s eeaoosod of ooaolose deposit that hits b#«ra alaerall^d to a rortohle €#«**#. Saoh sella or* ooatSaeooaly ««t aad or* *aty •aid. 9oh-ferfae* dr^lna^ 1* greatly landed, aooolly hy th* soaf toaratloa of aadorlytof todroa*. • 2 * . IZI {**«*»*) of ef tfcls s**o*i»tl*a dry aad w*f» aortal eta** tfeaa far a law strata* af war*, feaal* air l * * * l af ta* «ara* iay*r. ef t&* ef tali associatioa eeaar at etaUar te tae** ef ae*e*.t»t,t*a aamber 2fe Il-draia**. el**** aad ea. ta* ****** *f gestiy feg*t«iti*a. 1. tree*. aataly to tae * i t ia ta* aaiaiy to A*l»a riger. i t le 1* ia elder l a a l l «*a**l*«' wit* fair _ ia t a l * .*****l*ti*a taa* and aay rati*** i t elaoet eeaplstely faaea, aetereeterll* aa* a wery low wig*r l a tae lower mm a law fr*%**a*y ia oidar etead* bat I* tal* layer *r* 3 lacastra. a*r» layer I* -25-mmmm i s i <*o»t sad faaetela* ewallfolta* ar* usually prveeet. fa* h*r% layer le luxuriant hath a* te th* aaah«r ef epftele* aa*- their pre-at ar* mmmM Ummm. ^ ^ J ^ K ^ S ^ nCltoa^laLft * i * h * i l * . *** 1 oat ar* ||{*jSa &3 ^ » »tai&w*^^l*P*« *a th* is t h l * layer are mm *. mm* \" f*f*gr*fhy aa* well. The t*pogr*phy varies free very et*«p te geatly eleplag etreaa emrgla*. fh* e*U la coatiaaeaaly sotet threngaeat ite d*pth 1* a* seawall? wet at the e*rf*«* *y r*«eea ef a* water, 'fh* haaa* layer aay a* either daff m&U *r a thia teyor of raw «a*a* ahow* m thiaJcer layer of daff aall. teaehteg ie - * — - -I l l <•»»*•*) dLUnct poasol horisoa Is aowally ab«*»t. Mineralised iimm usaally scours for *so*rel toohe* above bh» td8*r*i sell proper. *eet of saab s s i l * ar* sf oltovtol aeigi*, taw* a ellty-aaad t**tor* aad m graaator stnwjtars, Otoisattoa ©eessr* rogmlarly aad oaooily ap to to* top of to* ototral s o i l , ioo-sorfage draioag* to eeraally good d**p4to a *o»ti*JS»«*ly aoiet prof l i s . fOo~©ltoato. ;\"*wds #f ibis aeeawlaUe* eeraelly hav* a ooel eel** aerial aspect other thao to too tops of aootooat fcrses vesro high healftittos md tooperatoro* prr*«til. tosoetottoa aaafcer. 30. fhttto olteato-AtferriQB f l l t o feotoa-tofsioMtoa I. Trses. '•ha..ia laltoato ©««s«ra te a l l caaopto* with vigor hoi ae***%e* redact froa that to at toe aaaeer a». It to aorooily tb* aator •ps«to* by totoroohrlto r**eh*« th* Mgtost oaly le ©Mo* stood*. I t * *eeorsr*eo* to t h i * *ssooto*ioi 1* etossly topeodea* opoo meeosulRtioas of toosytog «o©d whtoh. If l a *h*rt eeeialy, Itolta It* \" ytoo* atoatlcola oay im«* a *«oradie th* blgh**t «*BtBer'ef old** atoeee. -f-bles toaiooarm. hm 0 stollar ©ecurreoe* to that of «**t*ra toolooh bet at hlgtor etovattoa*. yo*a» hrevifoito oay swe & high f*©4 vigor to to*. leoor eaoopto*. J . to*s*r v*g*totto»» fee esrteat of eeasiderably hot towtotely s harrlio* soft. faaatoJjto as MweeaaH**eswaBsa^sea* •^•^ •^ ••\"^ •^w^ ^^ ^^ m*^ e * w i ^ yye*>*«t ere' ftjja* jsag*^tor*f.* I _ atohfaalsi-. fhe barb ley** tovartobly prsstot to t h i * preeeat bat less t tat*** «f uaiftt «• toy** It ofto* ooaplote sod to «©mla*to4 by mijm s»., -29-ArTfaBIX XH (cont'd) Topography aad tail, Taa tepagrnpigr ta goaerally only slightly slepiag. The aelle ate ef either allevlal er glaelel origia aad mr« etmme tor1et iesliy alpha-gleleate, the #ai hertsea lying directly heaeath a thick, hlaek-aaek haaae. the textare of tho aiattal sell Is saad aad travel lee» ead the etraetare le granalar te peaty, faah soils are psrnaneatly wet threegkent their death for neat of tho yew. lesvelanei*. 8tallerljr to assoelatlea anchor f*. etaade ef this aeseelatlea have a ptrwaaoatly eeol sad haald aerial aeptet otter thsa la the top* ef ieataaat aad A#soal»tlea aaaher, 31. Sa the keneehsw ead Selkirk Moon t*. las ea well Irrigated elepee «ad beachee at elevatloae ef froa 1500 te 4800 foot akeve eea level, ttest ef *» \" steads l i e kelew kQQO feet. It le peeetble te gate this association late at loaat threi refleetlag different e e l l aaldltlee, v i a . , aa^lenalic, at so latetaiaed aa to jaevwat their es^aratloa ea a fsgetetiea. 1. freas, foenn hetera^rlla attains its naxiaan develep-aent for the regies la this aeaeeiatiea. It in a l l eanopiee In aaninaa vigor, boleg the speeies hp Paaaietsa&m aaatfaltn has very good growth ia 'S^iTmmw *** eventeelly Usee ite plaee la older stead, to western _____ a entile* eeearreaee to that f i r hot persiate laager to elder dees assglas f i r . i n all eaaeplea with than'in the deniaaa* eaaepy where ita vigor .mpmm m (****t*d) fteaaa bawlfolto h*a * cono! at«at ^yrlfera oftea p l a i e t n yeoag stands bat la older u n i t f t r e i % toagto* f i r aad H I M »to* »ao% lotor# M H U | eeaalately by 2. trooatoid** tea m «tolto*t altboaris eer* abort.lived, ootrsrr#„e* to that of w**t*ra «hlta birch. v»«»toti*o. the extant of the ohrab layer vartoe froa •ae_iea»# to ala©** eaapleto, Whea , to*»ri»bly pr*eent are. Faotaa^tiaa -ftllo woolly 1. _ _ _ _ _ _ ' Soaetiaea preeeat ®re taba. •aarvlJl toy»r la aaaally eoaftoto *aito**§h ta y#a_ ®ay be alaoet toehtof, lavartobly freeeat It aotfellqfca. Oettally ere ^rallffi bat lev ia «ad Athrrtoo fjl^x-foatoa. belaf eeapiete to *aada»». t_ preeeat aad eooetto** -he aaaa layer vttrto* £. 1. *Qtoato«a.. s_artl< Hciire^ri. iro^osatly tat. ia thie layer aa* froa belag f l a t to elofiae ao t©. about ao d*gr***, «o«t aelle of thie wsootottoa baa* ft wtefely thiol, raw ho«* that *e*»tim* ii«* above » thiamer layer of doff soil. A wftoito pod**! boritoa i * i« oooooalr «rrl*4 to mUB aey a* af. either glacial or eJlarial arlgto, aaaa a *ilty-**ad or * ^ ^ s ^ ^ j j ® i * or oaae**** la to* depth, ttetoattea hot aaaally aot eo ele*« to th* *arf*o* aa i a e**e*i«lto» sstotor m. tho • • l l * or* aoreally aotot throaghoat tholr depth for th* oatir* year aa* differ to thie r»*f*«t froa the** of owootottoa aeeeer 29 aatoly to -3U ttfWUU HI (*oat,d> that thejr ea_l.lt a greater **a**a*l fla*tootles la the grenad water level. Ie®.«il**te, Stead* af thle **oocieties have a eontiaaoasi* haaid aortal aafsat throughout tho atoa loagth of tha troo cover. Air taapirataroc ara ssaaoaally vara vithla steads depsadlag «fca th* d*gr** *f stocking. ' la very •14 steads whs** eteefeiag ia sroduesd froa. that aoraal ta yavafer steads, a vara. aad haaid aerial aspect reeahee t* groaad l * v * l . la yaaager aaa aer* daasoljr •.•stood «t*Me a strata* of eeel haaid air eeaare ap te ahaat th* level *f iater_edtet* treee. _ce_rreaee. Ia the seatfesra p»rtlo» of tho Keeaehee *M Selkirk Mountains a*.la*ia*«t vith th* northern lialte ef grand f i r ia laterier Irltieh eelanbte. Stead* ef this aaeeeiatiea **«r at oUvatiee* geaerall* %alav 3000 f*«t. Yegetatiea. 1 free*, faaaf hstfraatearll* *e*«r* ia a l l eaaeplss with good vigor, eltheagh seaowhat m$ms*& froa that ia «e*©«l*ti*» aaaher JI. It le aarsally th* *a_*r epeeioe by velaa* aad fraaaeaay ia tho higher caaofis* hat soaettnee leooe its m$w states te grand f i r ia vary eld late* graaAte aeaar* la a l l esaeplea vith vigor for thie speeies for th* rogtea, _______ ta-tlfalla has *«ljr a sfcradle < i a the higher *e**pi** ef ***** i. greater fr*e.«*a*y la a*raally eeemr* ia a l l i t * boat devolapasat la thie onasatettea la th* lever . has * stellar oecarreac* t© that of Seagla* f i r althoagh i t is svsa more %mmt%wy. larla ae-ldeate-i* has a stellar ^ ^ S « * « r o t 1 - \" \" that «f Seeglae f i r other to eaaditleaa ef the lew*r eeaeple*. -32-AP?__D1X XII (cont'd) Plttaa aoBtlcola tea % similar eee«rr*se* *© that •f BMCU« fir »tfa*r tha* its b*tag a*re p*r*lat*»t i a aldar stand*. ftaeae *r**itolio eoeor* eulaly ia shrub fara. 2. i**s**r v*g*tatl*a. Tha shrub layar oorr**pead* vary elossly to that of Maealatiea aaabsr 31 bath aa to esufoaitteti and •_*•*». fha hsrb layar also eoaferas elossly to that of aaaooiatloa auaber 31 with tho oxoeptioe of a ooro aooststaat sod s^ unSaat ece_rr*a©* of Arallfl a^diQtai|s, Tha aoss layer 1* siallar to that of assoeiatloa aaaber 31 with possibly a groat** frequency of atoHletodelohea trlaaetrm fopography aad soil. The topofraphy varies froa betay f i a t to , steeply sloplag. The soils are stellar la all risible respeots to these of assoeistleo a__b«r 31. to*~ella«t*. A eoatiaoeaely haald aad ssaseaolly vara aerial sopeet featares attuada of this assoeiatiott. fhe oeoarreaoe aad 'depth of a eool haald stratus of air above the faeaad line varlee dlreotly with the deaeity of stsoaiag of individual steeds, elder aad aors opea •ts-ds havlag a warn haald aerial aapset that psaatratss to the ground Hoe, Association aaobor. 33, le the Itoaashae sad MlMrk Keaatolas at sievatioaa Of free l j » ** hJW fsot above sea level oe beaehss aad slopes where sab^arfaao lailoatftee Is soffloieatly roaote so m te have ao iafleoae* opoa tho growth of T age tat loo. 1. Trees, mm h^teroohrlla regalarly ©oo_rs la, e l l seaopies aad, la elder at^sds, is the oajor speoiea by value* sod freeaaaay. It* vteor 1* l*«s^b*» that whieh It attale* ia ***o*i*ti*a > i t * greet** ttmmmmw la th i t ha* fair vigor* although froe that 10 eaaaelaaaaae aaaber ft. 36* *oi 31. 33-IS! (mt'tfj ta_ifalla ie * re»_l»r eeeaoBent of the hi£ber enaopl-s of a l l bat fas eldest staads. It eoeaetea with wester* waite pla* for la ye**«*r ****** of thlo oaoeetatloa. la a f*^ala* eeapsasat of tba l a very old steads althoaab i a la sporadic. It la almost af mem ataada. la anrab f era la. tae fivee war te Soaglas f i r , woatera , sad woatera wait* flee, frea tbat walea i t attaiae ia 31, ______ traeaAeidee ie a ebert-lived t l * * * * r epeelce aad rarely oeoare la etaade ef thie aeeoeiatioa \" ' tbw etataa of boias layer werlee la ite froa highly aad sell, Taa tefOfraphy wartes from flat to very eteep oleee*. Pedeelieed brewa eeile ef Slaelai, allaviai, er residaal arista ei»reeterlse aeeoeiatioa, Tfaer* ia a raw haaas that varies a* te five laehee ia tltlemaeee *M a. * i * t t * * t eedael hertsea that varlee aa te thro* iwbee thick, leaaaiaf action le carried te wmh creator depths thaa teat iadleatod by tha pedeel borisos, aa_aly la croxiaity to roots The aiaoral seas of tea soil varies free -3*-srwmmx m (eeat*d) ei*ht laehee «e at least 40 lashes Is depth. Ite » ^ t t m I. either ginamlar er a»f*««te4 eear the eeenre faltw r*_s__n*ly ead soasiiate* very eiaee te the serfsee. flleis«tlen ie aanally svideat la e shallow Meee i«_ediat*iy eheve the arte tela layer, fhe terAare ef the alaerel eell varlee fnen silty-»a_da te sand eat travel lean, lerfe- glaelei heeldere eeear la eeee eell*. 8*»»en*faee drmlnafe le eatreae to the extent that the apper pertloae ef the ooil are asasoaaliy very dry elthaach aeet soils are enatlaa-enaly noist la their depth. -co-clissito. Stands ef tale snaeelnftien have a eantianemsiy haaid eliaate ay reaeea ef haavy end pretreetad anew eever end freeaeat enaner ralae. fhey have a eeasoaaliy warn aerial aspect that roaehea te the ®renad Una, nertiewlarly In natnre etende. Aeaoeiatlea aenaer. 3*>. iane. Teaan aanatvannn^ anaanttaJaan^^ argainltae-eataaideat with the northern l l n l t e ef Ahlae awaadla. Stands ef thle aaeoetatlea eeear el^ewntiens fwnsrnily helew jm feet en either er wsH-dralaed fe«eta*ien. I. frees, fanjs. tete^renhs-ln eaanre l a a l l aaaoplee with a hi#h frntanaey aaa with \" \" ' ihlea matek aasaaa in all Rinses western hsalaete to a inr#* It esews with rodaoed vtxer. -»«t.fffli-_ eenars l a at ls«st the ml nanally in a l l ent*plee. i t has fair vi^or and has a senate*** dletrlhtttien In elder saaa&leela s fir ethoi la older has a etniinr ********** te that aa Ite fretneney «* M§m slsvatlons hat is anniaaaA sy western henleefc and #***d f i r -35-III (eoat'd) Lariat oeeldaatalla is af tea. aboodaat ia the hl^heTta^S*. of ysuag steads be* is gwidaally replaced by westora baateeti «ed ayoee. f i r ia elder «« aa irroffalar oeearreriee la all i. It has its greatest ffaeeeeay sa* vi > ta aa-AeaiJtaat level bat its vicar ia this tsoelatloa ia aay ©oaepy is vary is eoeelly ahsaat fro* older 2. lesser osyjatetlae. the shrah layer varies greatly ia its iawarlaaee hat Is tjwariobly area if dls^eatiaaoas, It is iasiaatM by fjLixj.**. Earn mmmm* %mmm mmm r^e-o«tao__rlos aro-aral. fhe herb layer Is slai-aTta that af aesoelatlea aaaber 33. ' fhe layar is regularly eesjpleta aad stellar la all respeeta to taat ef aaeeelatlaa aaaber 33 atber ' of fa^oarayhy aad soil, th* topography varies froa beta* f l a t to eleplag. the soils of this aeseoiatiea ore stellar ia a l l visible respect* to those of •asooiabloa aaabor 33 *tb*r thaa that they ere regularly drier dariaf the soaaei fhe aoo*elteato of ****** of tola **e*e*aifae is stellar to that of aeseelatlea aaeiser 33 ether thaa SSI («MM1'«) l^-#rai>kylla, rarely weare in the higher oneepto*. S% »*y here © high freqaeaoy la the lower ha* Its rigor la eeaatotoatly vary law. ihtes, tofieeareo, ana its eost davolepaeat at i eSe-vatieaa tat eseaily oeeors aaly ta the Sowar tad ta Saw vigor. It la often »_s«afc froa. Sow eSavatlaa astoly to too lower ooaoyioo with roeiaoa rigor. all aaaootoo. It to freejeeatly .low rigor. rlaoa westl-ola has aa ooeorroooa a t o l l a r to that of Seactee f i r . ftoaa aeatorto has. a tpetadte oaoarroaeo la older etoada hat of too toe a high frotoaaey aa a epeetoe to yooag etoade. It hoe low vi«pr. Z. Loaaer vsgstattoa. fhe ehrah toyer to «***erally well diavolofod oad eaattoaoaa eaeeee for i , St to ioalaatod hy _ JaV to lose wall developed hot to hy ChlMS-Qhlla tBg-ftUata. t liogaaioa .ato-ftoremr^d yootaom sp. fhe ees* t r t n ^ c ^ l e t o T a l to domtoated hy f r a o stoop to geatle slepes. Stoada of thto seaoototioa e e a s l l y Kpoeod *ad roomy rldgee aad tho otoeto of hills. ?hey are of aaa f f»§^etory *i*ato sore ejrteeatte 3$ sod 3%. *h© sells ere there le a thto layor of *m hoooe that t o . # eo^emaSly dry aai very hot aerial aepeet f r a -the groaat I toe to the teas of trees of this tfesoootottoa. - aaeay saa aad ff^fooat soeasr ratoo eoshtos to aaelst to tho of a shallow stratoe of wars taaid air the groead Ilea darteg fee earSy part of the mmmu i n (*****«> « I I M U U M BOBber. Thai* *&.le^t*-?le** la the KeajMKh** aad ielkii* Maaafeaiaa an wall Irrigate* eleaee aaa aeaebee er borderlag aad at tba aeaf laeaae ef weaatala streams at elewatleae ef frea 3800 te abemt 5100 feet above sea level, stead* ef this asseeiatiea repressat the upper altitvMnal liaits ef westera red aedar as a eajer saeelee la this regiee. ve«tera red eedar is eftea replaced la the higher eaaopiss ef elder stsads by wsstera h*»leeh sad alflas fir at lewar elevatiens sad by eeeataia healeek aad alflas fir at the higher elwatteas. The fellevlag treee are regalarly preeeat la thie «***cl«tteai altheagh la v%rri_g frequencies ead vlger t fbj^ a. filiiM___. SSSBk hetereahy^la. X, aarteaalaa*. ft*** sasalaaeMtj. aad hiea Iftaloearaa r^eaaetaaaee did set feralt a fall ewalsatiea ef this aaseeiatlea. A****_*ttea camber. Jt. la the Meaaehee sad, aaialy, ia the Selkirk iaaatatas ea w*ll-dr»la*_ seile et elevetloae ef frea tiff*) te %©S© feet shave am level. Tegatatiaa. 1. free*, mm teaalpM • **** *tawa-aay/aa* fata ablss l^flaa^ref eeeare ia ell eaaeples ia viger, it ese-lly has its greatest vigor- aad fro*n***y ia the lewar eaaeplee. It *o*wtl**» veplaees eagslaaaa earaea te e very large degree Flams **aa*Hn f reeaaatly ^ leaser* this aeeeelatte* aad eeaars ***»lly ealy l a ta* algaaa* r. It has pied *ige*. faafta wlAa**a has aa trregalar ge'awral law vigor ia th* laws* — -with vary lev vlger t». th«\"7o*er e***pl**, rar*ly reaehtag the lat*t»»di*** level * f treee. • . -31, jumm* H I (oM**d> 2. 1*9—r vtfvlitlM. there l * a veil d*v*l*pet Isyor that It usually It lt> aooteatst fey fj^talao s^ br*e***a* «at ISt MM to r*pr*«*atot to a •atoe* ay flfearaaa ma&ttlavufa. toaleera co_s>l*ta bat to tevartobly SamraedteQ y^ a^ toaa,. at'to^ ft- ^laa^i aaraaito-fie l * orblciilato. Pyrala chler^ntha. aad £, a*c»odaL *he aaaa layer to r«gaL»rly eoaplete aad to daetoatod CaiIl«rgonalla aehroheri, east mitoa ertota-at eett. t«* topography la either eeealy etoptog er flat. Stwoee of thto aeeeelatiea f*golt_»ly *eeaey vary old a liar Sal wile, preboMy tot flood ploto* of gtoetel rlvara aad lake*, they aro eaep, bav* a *Uty-**ai or east aad •ravel, ttoaetoro, Sol^aerfae* dratoag* to extras* «ad web eoll* *r* seasonally very dry a*ar to* •arfao*. toeohlay Is ff^ *@a»o«d aad to ladloatod by & dtottoe* fodaol borlsM a* toll a* by ©mtleoet towhtog b*l«v tola horlsea to ta* fere of poefcots teat reach for eeaaMeiaele depth* tato to* * * i l . Ree-eltoote. f toads of toto association aro aa_\"wterlsii©ally op**, at eatarlty sad hav* a tOtt*oo*lly dry sad ware aerial a***ot aJseve tb* totoraodtoto l*v*l of tr*o*. fb* wrtel w_p*e* b*l*» tato tov*l to to stead apeateg* niter* drier eew&ittea* premi.il. teeeeUtlea aaeber. 38. Oaaemeae. C^atral ead northern portloas of tee 6**oad* Koaatotes at *l*v*ttoas of froa *•* level to atom* 306 foot. Stood* of toto oasooifttloa mm* aattely oa allmvlal flood plolat of river* aot tofce*. ¥h»y ar* faaerally abev* toasoaal flood towls tot ar* p*rt»dleally s«bj*et to flwdtog of a atoor aatar*. 1. Tre**. Me**, aitoaaaate to tb* aato efoetee by voloe* *3^ *^ Saoy to bee appor esaoptes laatre It boa wry «*** vlg*r. It 1* raptowd to old** stood* by «a*tor» ret e*dar *ad oaetofe b*atoek. ~3P-mm®m nt (cont'd) r e g a l l y in o i l eeaesles in older etaade la food vigor aad fre^aeney. i t tea Ita greatest frequency la yeang otoada la taa lewer as Its grsatest fre^nsaey l a ike lower eaneyle* \"aad in older etanee. St bas fair vigor eat Is generally overtopped ay either ettka er waters red Abies aisablliB eeears nataly la alder stands where i t has only a speradle eenarreaee la the higher eaneyiee. Ite fr«%«e*ey ia a l l saneplse le entreeely variable and ite vlger le esn-eytiaal. fe-alas trlehaoaraa ia gsaerally tha aajor denlaant epeelae in atense that ocenoy newly fs s e l l s . It has ssnelleat viger, bat is rsflaaed eventaally by sltka epmee and v#st*m red eoder 2. laneev vegetation. The shrub layer Is sftsn very jtartlenlarly In stands where bleak eettenweed ferns the dominant ewaepy. Iwrariahiy present In. this layer are Sanbnans anjtoaaaswnn. ete-oalfern. aabaa aneat&kllls. 1. aawwjflaaae. a Is neaally ****** fren eUer mt often eeenrs In th* doniaaat **n*py ef etesde. It ha* wmmmmm vlger 1*. tfct* *s**elatl< 35. lesser vetetntlen. the shrah layer Is veil developed, een*tta** te** so than heneash -itetten annhsr _#. lawsartealy ******* ar* i hsr* leysr Is siallariy well etorttefe* ea* la*n*ta*4y _*•*•*% in this tey*r %re *m_vr.ten fllla^f**.**.. ®rr**l*»l* ltea*****, Jf. |r*f*-f_te_: leynr is veil developed a a. Jb_-AFFMIU UI (cont'd) topography aad t o i l . Tha topography varte* f mm flat to *to#ply •toplag. Tha soil i * weakly podsolls-d aad la of *ither aliavtel or glacial o r i f t a . The pod**l horlaoa to oaaally atotiaat *v*a If eeavetlaae die-eea»toue<-». there le a daft aaU hsama that varleo ap to ahoat to* toshes tetefe. The atoeval portiea af the eoil- Is aaually very does aad vwrto* la ita toxtar* froa allty-saada to eead aad gravel lesa, etotoattoa eeeare reejOarlr aad usually vary alee* to tho eoll •arfaee, i«eh telle are eoetlaeoaaly eoiot aad are eeeooaally aot. loo-oils***. Stood* ef thie aaaoetatloa have aa **o»«:ito»to e l a l l a r to that of aosoetotie® aaahor 38 with the exeeatloa that tha aore deeoe eteelElae of *r##* that . eharaeterlaet thie aaaoelatloa preeorvee a aool haald atretee of air free above the ground to at leaet the te**re«*itoto level of treee. Aeeeelatiea ausber. h®. h,t«roofaylla-^la_ *amMlto»f*eetotoo ovalifoliu--al-a -_l-n„ena-a_ytldla*s»tto*s hut do** aot owar to older -at-mpwmu i n (*****&) fnpagraphy a_d ».u. ffce topography T«_-lae fro* h«i*g flat io uleplag bat, vader oither eiraiaMt****, __fe-__rface dreJUatg* I* good, ftroagly pee*eli*ed brew* oolls that arc ef either gUoi«l or allarial orlgia prodeaiaat* ia thio aeeoeiatiea. fhere le a lay** ef re» haaae that rarlee frea throe te 12 laehe* i« thieaaeee. leaaktag le t**arl**ly iailaated by « podsol h*rt**a, eltheagh it poaetratoe ia peekete to depth* of at leaet l i leehee. The depth ef th* alaeral soil varlee froa * few i&*he* to a*** thaa 3$ iaehae. fhe * * i l text*** la cither ailty-eaad or •aad aad gr*r*l leea. fhe aeil etrastar* le either fw«Bttlar er aggregated a*«r th* •arfae*. beeoatag r^^ Je- e^ Jen^ -3f %^ r^^9^ ^^ Se*w^ e^a%^ f^t^ S^Na^\" e^ N^aaa^ a^ ffi^ r^ a^ J^l _^^ B^^3L^ @^ *^ ^ ^^ fe^ *^*^ *ea^ _ft3eVa^ Irrigation ie g*e***Llly law'la the profile dartag ****** aeathe **d *oet of each eeile ere eerfsae dry at tale ****** of th* year. Se*.*li*mt*. staade ef thla aaeeelatiea bar* a ooaataatly haaid eorlal aepeet eatept la the top* ef deaiaaat treee. Mr t**f*raiar** ar* ***eea*lly vara e***pt la 'fta^ Ee^ C a^^ a^ ^ 0%^ft**aJ _ *^^J*aaa»^_aa^ S^aftae ^ M^^K*?®*^ oteekiag aad expeeare to vi*de, at»ade ef thie a**eetati*» are ***a*aelly dry. Aeaootatlea *•»***. an (eah-«*»»eiati**) Oae*Wf*aaa>. at *lalla» leealltl** aa etaade * f aaaeefetlaa BM**er hO hat aader J ^ J ^ * ^ * 8 ^ * * ^ * ^ m%mm i n (cont'd; lrrtgatlea regularly oeear* soar th* **U surfaee. Stood* *f this -ub-wssociaUoa eey be •rt#**ir* hat they h*v* their gre*te*t fr«%am*y a* fragaeat* vitals larger ***** of a**«*latl*** aaaber h© asm hi. Aeeeelatiea an_b*r. %JL. •aa*. faoae tsrophrllt.- Ibl** wtab 1 11 , - ^ 0 0tar 1* diktat*-. Prrp^tf*r ts liam**W.*i*l3ttJ ^ ^ * % * f i . . Qmwmmm. 4aatt*el sad aorta*** port loss of th* €»«*«** ttoaataiaa at •i#r*tlea* of frse about 70© to 3J»* f**t above **» level *» well irritated bat w«ll-trai»ed *nd tnwarlahly 1* mmmmm? flat er «**tly eleplng. *ae chnraaterlstie sell «f this I* ' \" - - - - - -#*!****, « d » i s •llty-**n* tanvarn, there 1* saaallr • mmw* lata lap** af raw hanas that *w*rlles « %M***r l*y*r ef eaft anil. tea sell mm®u in (oeat'd) varies free o*freea%od i» the upper 10 leches ef alaerai sell te pasty or eoe^ ootod la the depth. lavas' af ores* e tree tare le very easily la sueh a sail, as ef tea ©soars doriag pratieae. fhe eeil Is eoatlaaeesly aeist its depth aad Is sseseaelly wet. Sueh .sella are af aliavlsl erlgla. haald aerial aapsat frea the ereaad lies ta the taps ef tresa. Wr t«sfsr»t»roa vary greatly with the density ef steeaiag aad the age #f ataeda hat i a the la the 1stlea aaaher.; he\\ iwstrai lateriar flateaa forests oa wel£»dy*lae* shove those ef •saooietloas aaehor 05 sad *T. l e sltaatioas whore •eh-sarfaoo dimiaago i s uerostrioted oat where sah-sarfaeo Irrlgotlea i s elfeetire «• rsgords th® growth of treoe. Vagetatlea. 1, ;rees. Picos alaaoa eeeare l a a l l eaaeelee with f a i r to food vigor. It has sash hotter dsvolepeeat i a eeeeetotlaae aaahor «$ mA kf i t has l a this eewaeletiaa. Jthtes laa^aoaiae. occurs l a a l l ©eaopios with vigor. It has lees toadoaoy to raplaoe 1* this aasooiatioo thaa io eaeaeioelea aaahar 05. t a y i f Q l l s has i t a graeaeet for tho' tatfe* i a stand* of this aaaeetMlea aitheagb Its eooarroaeo i a older etaade i s ealy aporadlo, 1 high freeeeaey i a higher eaaopUs of yoaag stood* hat has eely sporadio eeoarreaoe l a older el with iedgspoi* piae hot aaa oaly a sjoradl© ojaA very low vigor ia older etaade. Ill ( »n) t. ie * laager lived pleaoer species is aspen, l i f«rsists is the af all am. tha eldest wall Usually gasls,. J|aaa_ ep>, f»s|»Jia^lka^ai aad ia^yaff lac Id*, ilia eoss >let* and i * dominated by S S ) _ » l _ . ^t*ff»tfffaji t* Saavan) eaaa-sasla. aad s ato_adaa%, bat af taa pr< Clintoela aatficra. iitella, sp., fyya4a sraafaiata- *as aass layer is else wall developed, aalaly ay reaeea ef ef tjs-titiadeliaas triasnferns sa* ttteasls. Use abvjtdaat bat aeaally ad M. fei*graghy sat sell. The varies ftea § » a t l e te water lavel ie resets frea the sell face for satcaded periods tbat inclade tha i ef the flowing season. There ia a lsy«r ef raw haens ef free tea aa te five laches thick that seactiaec has caff wall feelitiss la its depth. I#s*hlag Is ia-ieataa by a distinct fedsel faorisee cf vary lag depth, the tsxtarc ef the mineral ceil ie either eUty-eaad er pars ite airoetars varies frea ^ ranalar te aggrcge acar the ecMaae te coveted la the depth, sells arc aaaally vary deep, fhe profile is aolst ta ite depth bat is seasonally dry for of this fhe haaldlty e f high ap te layer te aS» vithla the it is is lavel dry. Ill wtvaen the** %m% ffcataro nesoel-** and k€. Vsgstatton. I . ia sll te is geaerelljr higher lass whieh It attains ia easeolatlea sntnhsr k€ ant frea that ia association ssnser a j . AMoa •lger la all, s Mca ia tha higher ewe only a speradte is sftsa absent. feetgroaHylln has its greatest far the region la this assoaistiaa. It osear* ©aly-ia tha lawn* eeanniee asm with law vigor. »**ala aaai»yewa has a siailar sa that vhlah it attains In. eesestetlen le aasaily sloping» *h* soil be sitkMf alAnvtal or glaoial in Its origin and has a this* l*y*r af raw hanns that sons* tiaos l i e s shav* a thlaner iajrsr ef daff a n i l , fhs podsal horlsan la seaatlnes dlaaantianans hat laonhlag l a etreng in tala easesiatlea and nay as earri*d ts ©onaidsrshls depths In foahsts ajroant roots, fhs eapt* of ths nlneral soil varl»s an to wars than 3 § leaha* hat la asnally less. *hs sail tenters v&rlm frea mmna i n Ce©at*d} silty~»»»ds to send «»a grovel low. fa* . o i l etraetare Is sjrsoalar aaar ta* emrfaoe and either eospaotod er esacated la ths depth, eictoettoa Is eeaaea sat is aet tovartobly presest. Saeh sails are eeattoaoualy aelet thraogheat *eet of their profile nod are seoaooolly dry ealy very elose le the lee~®lteato, staaia af this aaaootettoa have as serial aspeet that Is wars tusifomiy haald thaa that ef eeeo«i~ •11am saaher k& mt leas as thaa la. aaseeiattoa aaaber a*, loasoaally aeae teaperatares pesetrata ©loser to tho greead ia this •eseototlea thaa they characterlatioally do .1% assoolatloii asaher -^5. ee* less so than la aeeeelatiea aaaher h*\\ saaeetettoa aaaher. h? (« Flcea, eftaaea^ Jfctoo toqlocaroi^Vfroeloitas aaaa^ raaaeeaia-Coroao, oaaftdeaala-BartidtadftlahaB trlaa«tra«-CftUlargoaeIla Stands of this esb-aeseetetioe eoeor la areas of • l i g h t l y hotter sab-sflvfaae dveteage thaa ia eharaetortotle ef araee swpperttog asseototie* »7. it freeeeetiy eeears that •taads of anther h? are temporarily ©•averted to this «ah«aa«@elatloa whoa their degree of etoektog is fe* see* roaeea seriously rodtteed, Saoh staado a •eaoeaally dry aerial aspect froa abewo ths to ths tops ef trees. »eeeclatlea interior plateaa feraeto l a areas of eoll arjteaara aet reetrleted eeaveavfeee Staase ef thie eeeeeiaftSee oftoa eocer wtthto aero exteaslv* ereee of other fegetatiea. 1. treos. flea* ofleaao, has a high froot»»«y hot vary low rigor ia o i l oaaoplee. It is roflaoed to vary tog hy hlaok eyeaea froa toe totoroodtoto level 'aaaolly *eae mt oesar to the M«tos*\"e»aepy of woll-*toeteed staado. It has its -51-mmsmx in <•«»«*«.) greateet freaaeaaf,. although only maderato viger, ia mmt j f r i t e t f t hae * him freaaaaay to yeaag etssule aaa aeaally oereietg ia the higher