Evolution of gynodioecy and dioecy: theoretical issues and the case of Bidens sandvicensis and B. cervicata
department or school: Science, Faculty of
department or school: Botany, Department of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: Schultz, Stewart T.
issued: 2008-09-15T17:18:06Z
issued: 1993
related degree: Doctor of Philosophy - PhD
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Numerical models are shown to allow the spread of males into equilibrium nucleo-cytoplasmic populations, resulting in the evolution of subdioecy or dioecy. Conditions for the evolution of subdioecy from two classes of nucleo-cytoplasmic gynodioecy are found to be similar to, and in some cases less stringent than, those required for evolution of sub dioecy from nuclear gynodioecy. Conditions for the evolution to dioecy from nucleo-cytoplasmic gynodioecy are likewise similar to those from nuclear gynodioecy, except that for someparameter sets, dioecy is not possible from nucleo-cytoplasmic gynodioecy due to the persistence of acytoplasmic polymorphism that allows continued production of hermaphrodites. Sex ratios in gynodioecious, endemic, Kauaian Bidens sandvicensis and B. cervicata are strongly correlated with elevation, aspect, and out crossing rate as estimated from analysis of electrophoretic genotypes at the phosphglucoisomerase and shikimate dehydrogenase loci. Female frequencies at four population centers averaged 0.33, 0.27, 0.14,and 0.18 from 1989 to 1992, and 1989 measured out crossing rates at these centers were0.50, 0.55, 0.75 and 0.71. In Bidens sandvicensis, significant inbreeding depression occurs in seed set (0.2 to0.5), germination (0.40), first-year survivorship in the field on Kauai (0.42), probability of first-year flowering (0.58) and number of heads produced per flowering plant (0.68). Total inbreeding depression thus exceeds 0.9. Performance of hermaphrodites relative to females was lower than one in seed set per head (0.7), and in quality of open-pollinated progeny: germination (0.73), first-year survivorship in the field (0.78), probability of flowering (0.95), and number of heads produced per flowering plant (0.80), although only the first three components were significantly different. Inbreeding depression in hermaphrodites thus appears sufficient to maintain females in populations of Bidens sandvicensis,and is responsible for at least 75% …
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/1939
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note: EVOLUTION OF GYNODIOECY AND DIOECY:THEORETICAL ISSUES AND THE CASE OFBIDENS SAND VICENSIS AND B. CERVICATAByStewart T. SchultzB. A. Reed CollegeA THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OFDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHYinTHE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIESBOTANYWe accept this thesis as conformingto the required standardTHE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIAAugust 1993© Stewart T. Schultz, 1993In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degreeat the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freelyavailable for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copyingof this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or byhis or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis forfinancial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission.Department of BotanyThe University of British Columbia2075 Wesbrook PlaceVancouver, CanadaV6T 1Z1Date:9 q2AbstractNumerical models are shown to allow the spread of males into equilibrium nucleo-cytoplasmicpopulations, resulting in the evolution of subdioecy or dioecy. Conditions for the evo-lution of subdioecy from two classes of nucleo-cytoplasmic gynodioecy are found to besimilar to, and in some cases less stringent than, those required for evolution of sub dioecyfrom nuclear gynodioecy. Conditions for the evolution to dioecy from nucleo-cytoplasmicgynodioecy are likewise similar to those from nuclear gynodioecy, except that for someparameter sets, dioecy is not possible from nucleo-cytoplasmic gynodioecy due to thepersistence of acytoplasmic polymorphism that allows continued production of herma-phrodites.Sex ratios in gynodioecious, endemic, Kauaian Bidens sandvicensis and B. cervicataare strongly correlated with elevation, aspect, and outcrossing rate as estimated fromanalysis of electrophoretic genotypes at the phosphglucoisomerase and shikimate dehy-drogenase…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 1993-11
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0086419
language: eng
degree discipline: Botany
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: For non-commercial purposes only, such as research, private study and education. Additional conditions apply, see Terms of Use https://open.library.ubc.ca/terms_of_use.
scholar level: Graduate
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1939