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Journal of High Energy Physics. 2024 Oct 17;2024(10):130
The Author(s)
ATLAS Collaboration
Abstract A search for a new heavy boson produced via gluon-fusion in the four-lepton channel with missing transverse momentum or jets is performed. The search uses proton-proton collision data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector between 2015 and 2018 at the Large Hadron Collider. This study explores the decays of heavy bosons: R → SH and A → ZH, where R is a CP-even boson, A is a CP-odd boson, H is a CP-even boson, and S is considered to decay into invisible particles that are candidates for dark matter. In these processes, S → invisible and H → ZZ. The Z boson associated with the heavy scalar boson H decays into all decay channels of the Z boson. The mass range under consideration is 390–1300 (320–1300) GeV for the R (A) boson and 220–1000 GeV for the H boson. No significant deviation from the Standard Model backgrounds is observed. The results are interpreted as upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the cross-section times the branching ratio of the heavy resonances.
JHEP10(2024)130PuAlished for SISS Ay SpringerReceived: January 11, 2024Revised: August 22, 2024Accepted: September 30, 2024Published: October 17, 2024Search for heavy resonances in final states with fourleptons and missing transverse momentum or jets in ppcollisions at √s = 13TeV with the ATLAS detectorThe ATLAS collaborationE-mail: atlas.publications@cern.chAbstract: A search for a new heavy boson produced via gluon-fusion in the four-leptonchannel with missing transverse momentum or jets is performed. The search uses proton-proton collision data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 at a centre-of-massenergy of 13TeV collected by the ATLAS detector between 2015 and 2018 at the Large HadronCollider. This study explores the decays of heavy bosons: R→ SH and A→ ZH , where R isa CP-even boson, A is a CP-odd boson, H is a CP-even boson, and S is considered to decayinto invisible particles that are candidates for dark matter. In these processes, S → invisibleand H → ZZ. The Z boson associated with the heavy scalar boson H decays into all decaychannels of the Z boson. The mass range under consideration is 390–1300 (320–1300) GeVfor the R (A) boson and 220–1000GeV for the H boson. No significant deviation from theStandard Model backgrounds is observed. The results are interpreted as upper limits at a95% confidence level on the cross-section times the branching ratio of the heavy resonances.Keywords: Hadron-Hadron Scattering , Particle and Resonance ProductionArXiv ePrint: 2401.04742Open Access, Copyright CERN,for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration.Article funded by SCOAP3.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2024)130JHEP10(2024)130Contents1 Introduction 12 The ATLAS detector 33 Data and simulated event samples 44 Object and event selection 54.1 Object reconstruction 54.2 Event selection 85 Analysis strategy 86 Signal and background modelling 106.1 Signal model 106.2 Background model 117 Systematic uncertainties 137.1 Experimental uncertainties 137.2 Theoretical uncertainties 147.3 Systematic uncertainties on background shapes 148 Statistical procedures 159 Results 1510 Conclusion 23The ATLAS collaboration 311 IntroductionIn 2012, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations independently discovered a new particle [1, 2]with properties that are consistent with the Higgs boson proposed by the Standard Model(SM) [3–6]. It is still debated whether the Higgs boson is a standalone particle or part of anextended Higgs sector suggested by, e.g., the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) [7, 8]. The2HDM predicts the existence of five Higgs bosons, including a CP-even particle similar tothe SM Higgs boson (h), a heavier CP-even Higgs boson (H), a CP-odd particle (A), andcharged Higgs bosons (H±). Another extension of the SM is the 2HDM+S model [9, 10],which introduces a scalar boson (S) in addition to the 2HDM particles. The S boson isassumed to be a dark matter portal and a potential source of missing transverse momentum,achieved through its decay to a pair of dark matter candidates (χχ) [9].This paper presents searches for bosonic resonances that decay to four charged leptons(4ℓ, where ℓ is either an electron or a muon), along with missing transverse momentum– 1 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b) (c)Figure 1. Feynman diagrams representing the production of heavy bosons via gluon-fusion atleading-order for the (a) R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT signal, (b) A → Z(→ 2ℓ)H(→ 2ℓ + jj/invisible)signal, and (c) A→ Z(→ jj/ℓ+ℓ−/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ) signal, where ℓ could either be an electron or amuon, j represents a jet and inv denotes an invisible particle.(EmissT ) or two jets (jj). The study focuses on the mass range of heavy bosons, where theinvariant mass of the four leptons (m4ℓ) is above 200GeV. This study uses proton-protoncollision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV and with an integrated luminosity of139 fb−1 collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015–2018 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).Two different scenarios are considered for the signal model. First, the 2HDM+S model isextended to cover more general situations for various missing energy magnitudes by addinga heavy scalar R, where R decays to H and S bosons with mR > mH + mS . The Sboson decays into dark matter particles (S → invisible), and the H decays to 4ℓ throughthe decay of two Z bosons (H → ZZ → 4ℓ). The phenomenology of the new R → SHtopology can easily embed into the 2HDM+S model using an approach similar to that ofref. [9]. The masses of the R and H bosons are varied to control the missing transversemomentum, and the S mass is fixed to 160GeV, see section 3. Second, a 2HDM-basedbaryogenesis scenario is considered, which generates matter and antimatter asymmetry.Searches for models consistent with baryogenesis were conducted at the LHC in severalchannels, such as H → hh [11, 12], H → WW/ZZ [13–18] and A → Zh [19, 20]. Searchesin the A → ZH → ℓ+ℓ−bb¯/ℓ+ℓ−τ+τ− [21–24] and A → ZH → ℓ+ℓ−tt¯/νν¯bb¯ [25] finalstates were also carried out at the LHC. In these searches, for a strong first-order phasetransition to occur in the early universe, the hypothesis mA > mH is preferred. Therefore,the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X channel is added to this study to explore regions with four leptonsand jet activities. X could represent two leptons, two jets, or a pair of invisible particles,with the assumption that H decays into two Z bosons. In this signal, A is a CP-odd scalarwhich decays to a CP-even scalar H and a Z boson. Two decay scenarios are consideredfor the associated production of Z and H bosons: A → Z(→ ℓ+ℓ−/jj/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ)and A→ Z(→ 2ℓ)H(→ 2ℓ+ jj/invisible), which are combined into one signal referred to asthe A → ZH → 4ℓ+X signal. In this analysis, only the gluon-fusion production mode isconsidered for both the R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT and A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signals, as illustratedby the Feynman diagrams of figure 1.This paper is organised as follows. The ATLAS detector is described in section 2.Section 3 presents the data and Monte Carlo samples, followed by the object reconstruction insection 4. Section 5 describes the analysis strategy, and the signal and background modelling– 2 –JHEP10(2024)130are discussed in section 6. Section 7 lists the experimental and theoretical systematicuncertainties. Section 8 explains the statistical model used in the analysis and the resultsare discussed in section 9. The conclusion is given in section 10.2 The ATLAS detectorThe ATLAS detector [26] at the LHC covers nearly the entire solid angle around the collisionpoint.1 It consists of an inner tracking detector surrounded by a thin superconductingsolenoid, electromagnetic and hadron calorimeters, and a muon spectrometer incorporatingthree large superconducting air-core toroidal magnets.The inner-detector system (ID) is immersed in a 2T axial magnetic field and providescharged-particle tracking in the range |η| < 2.5. The high-granularity silicon pixel detectorcovers the vertex region and typically provides four measurements per track, the first hitnormally being in the insertable B-layer (IBL) installed before Run 2 [27]. It is followedby the silicon microstrip tracker (SCT), which usually provides eight measurements pertrack. These silicon detectors are complemented by the transition radiation tracker (TRT),which enables radially extended track reconstruction up to |η| = 2.0. The TRT also provideselectron identification information based on the fraction of hits (typically 30 in total) above ahigher energy-deposit threshold corresponding to transition radiation.The calorimeter system covers the pseudorapidity range |η| < 4.9. Within the region|η| < 3.2, electromagnetic calorimetry is provided by barrel and endcap high-granularitylead/liquid-argon (LAr) calorimeters, with an additional thin LAr presampler covering|η| < 1.8 to correct for energy loss in material upstream of the calorimeters. Hadroncalorimetry is provided by the steel/scintillator-tile calorimeter, segmented into three barrelstructures within |η| < 1.7, and two copper/LAr hadron endcap calorimeters. The solidangle coverage is completed with forward copper/LAr and tungsten/LAr calorimeter modulesoptimised for electromagnetic and hadronic energy measurements respectively.The muon spectrometer (MS) comprises separate trigger and high-precision trackingchambers measuring the deflection of muons in a magnetic field generated by thesuperconducting air-core toroidal magnets. The field integral of the toroids ranges between 2.0and 6.0Tm across most of the detector. Three layers of precision chambers, each consistingof layers of monitored drift tubes, cover the region |η| < 2.7, complemented by cathode-strip chambers in the forward region, where the background is highest. The muon triggersystem covers the range |η| < 2.4 with resistive-plate chambers in the barrel, and thin-gapchambers in the endcap regions. Interesting events are selected by the first-level trigger systemimplemented in custom hardware, followed by selections made by algorithms implemented insoftware in the high-level trigger [28]. The first-level trigger accepts events from the 40MHzbunch crossings at a rate below 100 kHz, which the high-level trigger further reduces inorder to record events to disk at about 1 kHz. An extensive software suite [29] is used in1ATLAS uses a right-handed coordinate system with its origin at the nominal interaction point (IP) in thecentre of the detector and the z-axis along the beam pipe. The x-axis points from the IP to the centre ofthe LHC ring, and the y-axis points upwards. Polar coordinates (r, ϕ) are used in the transverse plane, ϕbeing the azimuthal angle around the z-axis. The pseudorapidity is defined in terms of the polar angle θ asη = − ln tan(θ/2). Angular distance is measured in units of ∆R ≡√(∆η)2 + (∆ϕ)2.– 3 –JHEP10(2024)130data simulation, in the reconstruction and analysis of real and simulated data, in detectoroperations, and in the trigger and data acquisition systems of the experiment.3 Data and simulated event samplesThe data used in this analysis were produced through proton-proton (pp) collisions at acentre-of-mass energy of 13TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC from 2015 to2018. Events are required to satisfy data-quality requirements, and after applying the eventcleaning criteria, the total integrated luminosity of the entire data set is 139 fb−1 [30]. Thedata events in the four-lepton final state were recorded using a combination of single-lepton,dilepton, and trilepton triggers [31, 32]. The single-lepton triggers for isolated muons featuredpT thresholds ranging from 20 to 60GeV and 50GeV for muons without isolation requirement.In contrast, dilepton triggers had thresholds from 8 to 22GeV, and trilepton triggers employedthresholds between 4 and 20GeV. For electrons, the single-lepton triggers encompassed pTthresholds ranging from 24 to 300GeV, with dilepton triggers varying from 12 to 24GeV andtrilepton triggers featuring thresholds between 9 and 24GeV. Additionally, when a dileptontrigger encountered an event with an electron and a muon, the pT thresholds for electronsranged from 7 to 26GeV. For muons, the thresholds varied from 8 to 24GeV. These pTthresholds exhibited variations across the data-taking period from 2015 to 2018 due to risingluminosity [33, 34], but the overall trigger efficiency was about 98%.Signal and background events were generated according to ATLAS detector configurationsand utilised for signal optimisation, background parametrisation, and systematic uncertaintyestimation. Each Monte Carlo (MC) generator produced events that underwent ATLASdetector simulation [35] within the Geant4 framework [36]. The effect of multiple interactionsin the same and neighbouring bunch crossings (pile-up) was modelled by overlaying thesimulated hard-scattering event with inelastic pp events generated with Pythia 8.186 [37] atleading-order (LO) using the NNPDF2.3 LO set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) [38]and the A3 set of tuned parameters (tune) [39].The qq → ZZ background process was simulated with Sherpa 2.2.2 [40] using matrixelements at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy in QCD for up to one additional partonand at LO accuracy for up to three additional parton emission. The virtual QCD correctionswere provided by the OpenLoops library [41–43]. The gg → ZZ background process wasgenerated by Sherpa 2.2.2, including off-shell effects and Higgs boson contributions, usingLO-accurate matrix elements for up to one additional parton emission. The electroweakqq → ZZ (EW) events, consisting of four leptons and two jets, were simulated using Sherpa2.2.2. In addition, the V V V background events, including processes such as ZZZ, ZZW ,and WWZ with at least four prompt charged leptons, were simulated using Sherpa 2.2.2.The matrix element calculations for these processes were matched and merged with theSherpa parton shower based on Catani-Seymour dipole factorisation [44, 45] using theMEPS@NLO prescription [46–48]. The production of Z+jets was simulated with theSherpa 2.2.1 generator using NLO matrix elements for up to two partons, and LO matrixelements for up to four partons calculated with the Comix [44] and OpenLoops libraries. Allbackgrounds simulated with Sherpa use NNPDF3.0 based on next-to-next-to-leading-order– 4 –JHEP10(2024)130(NNLO) set of PDFs [49], along with the dedicated set of tuned parton shower parametersdeveloped by the Sherpa authors.Events containing charged leptons coming from the tt¯V background process (V =Z orW±) were modelled using the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO 2.3.3 [50] generator at NLOwith the NNPDF3.0 NLO PDF. The events were interfaced to Pythia 8.210 using theA14 tune [51] and the NNPDF2.3 LO PDF set. The tt¯ background was generated usingPowheg-Box v2 [52, 52–54] at NLO with the NNPDF3.0 NLO PDF set. The eventswere interfaced to Pythia 8.230 to model the parton shower, hadronisation, and underlyingevent, with parameters set according to the A14 tune and using the NNPDF2.3 LO setof PDFs. The Powheg-Box v2 generator was used to simulate the WZ [55] productionprocess at NLO accuracy in QCD. Events were interfaced to Pythia 8.230 for the modellingof the parton shower, hadronisation, and underlying event, with parameters set according tothe AZNLO tune [56]. The CT10 PDF set [57] was used for the hard-scattering processes,whereas the CTEQ6L1 PDF set [58] was used for the parton shower. The decays of thebottom and charm hadrons for the top-quark processes were simulated using version 1.2 ofthe EvtGen program [59], except for using version 1.6 for tt¯ production.The R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT signal was simulated using Pythia 8.244 with the A14 tuneand NNPDF2.3 LO PDF set. The A → Z(→ jj/ℓ+ℓ−/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ) and A → Z(→2ℓ)H(→ 2ℓ+ jj/invisible) signals were generated by MadGraph5_aMC@NLO 2.7.2 atLO accuracy with the NNPDF2.3 LO PDF set, which is interfaced to Pythia 8.244 forparton showering and hadronisation with the A14 tune. The R mass is considered in therange of 390–1300GeV, with the S mass fixed to 160GeV, while the A mass is in the range of320–1300GeV. The H mass value for all signal processes is in the range of 220–1000GeV. Theassumption of the S mass is motivated by the phenomenology study presented in ref. [60].However, the effect of this choice on the distribution of the missing transverse momentumwas studied and it was found that the S mass only affects the distribution if its mass isabove 200GeV. Therefore, fixing the S mass reduces the free parameters and simplifies theanalysis. Signals were generated using the narrow width approximation (NWA) [61] for bothR and H in the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT signal, with the width of R and H set to 10MeV.Similarly, for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal, the narrow width approximation was employedwith widths of 1MeV for both A and H. Two mass points, (mA,mH) = (320, 220)GeVand (mA,mH) = (1190, 600)GeV, were also generated using the large width approximation(LWA) to evaluate the impact of non-negligible natural widths. Table 1 summarises thegenerators, shower model, matrix element accuracy, tune, and PDF sets used in signal andbackground simulation.4 Object and event selection4.1 Object reconstructionThe event selection relies on reconstructing and identifying electrons, muons, jets and missingtransverse momentum. The electron energy measurement is improved using a dynamic,topological calorimeter-cell clustering-based method. This method is particularly effectivein cases where an electron radiates a bremsstrahlung photon. More information about this– 5 –JHEP10(2024)130Process Generator and Parton shower QCD accuracy Tune and PDFR→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT Pythia 8.244 [62] LO A14 and NNPDF2.3 LO [51, 63]A→ Z(→ jj/ℓ+ℓ−/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ) MadGraph5_aMC@NLO 2.7.2 + Pythia 8.244 [50, 62] LO A14 and NNPDF2.3 LO [51, 63]A→ Z(→ 2ℓ)H(→ 2ℓ+ jj/invisible) MadGraph5_aMC@NLO 2.7.2 + Pythia 8.244 [50, 62] LO A14 and NNPDF2.3 LO [51, 63]ttV (V =W/Z) MadGraph5_aMC@NLO 2.3.3 + Pythia 8.210 [50, 62] NLO+LO A14 and NNPDF3.0 NLO & NNPDF2.3 LO [49, 51, 63]qq → ZZ Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] NLO (0- and 1-jet), LO (2- and 3-jet) Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]gg → ZZ Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] LO (0- and 1-jet) Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]qq → ZZ (EW) Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] LO Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]ZZZ(4ℓ2ν, 6ℓ0ν) Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] NLO Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]WZZ(5ℓ1ν) Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] NLO Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]WWZ(4ℓ2ν) Sherpa 2.2.2 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] NLO Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]Z+jets Sherpa 2.2.1 + MEPS@NLO [46–48] NLO (0- and 2-jet), LO (3- and 4-jet) Sherpa and NNPDF3.0 NNLO [49]tt¯ Powheg-Box v2 + Pythia 8.230 [52, 52–54, 62] NLO+LO A14 and (NNPDF3.0 NLO & NNPDF2.3 LO) [51, 59, 63]WZ → 3ℓ1ν Powheg-Box v2 + Pythia 8.230 [52, 52–54, 62] NLO AZNLO and (CT10NLO & CTEQ6L1) [56–58]Table 1. Summary of the event generators used for the simulated signal and background samples,including the accuracy of the matrix element and parton distribution functions (PDFs). Additionally,the table lists the set of tuned parameters used.technique can be found in ref. [64]. Electron candidates are identified as clusters of energydeposits in the calorimeter associated with ID tracks. The final track-cluster matchinguses a Gaussian-sum filter (GSF) [65], accounting for bremsstrahlung energy losses. Theelectron transverse momentum (pT) is calculated from the cluster energy and the trackdirection at the interaction point. The rejection of background noises, which consist ofhadrons, non-prompt electrons mainly originating from photon conversions, and heavy flavourhadron decay, depends on the longitudinal and transverse shapes of the electromagneticshowers in the calorimeters, track-cluster matching, and properties of tracks in the ID. Allthis information, except for hits associated with the track, is used to create a likelihooddiscriminant. The selection criteria combine the likelihood with the number of track hitsand define several working points (WP). Electrons with pT > 4.5GeV and pseudorapidityrange |η| < 2.47 are selected. The analysis uses a “loose” WP, with an efficiency of at least90% for electrons with pT > 30GeV [66].Muon reconstruction is performed within |η| < 2.7 [67], covering the entire detector. Inthe ID coverage range, muon reconstruction primarily applies a global fit of fully reconstructedtracks in the ID and the MS, resulting in combined muons. However, in the central region(|η| < 0.1), where the MS coverage is limited, alternative methods are employed for muonidentification. Muons in this region can be identified either by matching a fully reconstructedID track to an MS track segment (segment-tagged muons) or by associating with a calorimetricenergy deposit consistent with that of a minimum-ionising particle (calorimeter-tagged muons).In these cases, the muon momentum is determined by the ID track alone. In the forward MSregion (2.5 < |η| < 2.7) outside the ID coverage, standalone muons are accepted if they havehits in all three MS layers. Additionally, if forward ID tracks are available, they are combinedwith standalone MS tracks to form silicon-associated forward muons. Calorimeter-taggedmuons are required to have pT > 15GeV, while all other muon candidates must have aminimum transverse momentum of 5GeV. This analysis uses a “loose” muon identificationWP that uses all muon types and has an efficiency of 98.5% [67].Fake leptons from processes such as WZ and Z+jets are suppressed using impact-parameter and track- and calorimeter-based isolation requirements [66, 67]. The transverseimpact-parameter significance is the impact parameter calculated with respect to the measuredbeamline position in the transverse plane divided by its uncertainty, |d0|/σd0 . This significance– 6 –JHEP10(2024)130is required to be less than 3 for muons and less than 5 for electrons. Leptons must be isolatedusing both track- and calorimeter-based information. The track-based discriminants takeinto account the scalar pT sum of all tracks in a cone of width ∆R = 0.3 for muons and0.2 for electrons (excluding the lepton itself). The ratio of this sum to the lepton pT isrequired to be less than 0.15. The pile-up contributions are suppressed by requiring the conetracks to originate from the primary vertex. To retain efficiency at higher pT, the size of thetrack-isolation cone is reduced to 10GeV/pT for pT above 33GeV for muons and 50GeV forelectrons. A vertexing algorithm is used to fit the ID tracks of the 4ℓ candidates under theassumption that they emanate from a common vertex. The resulting fit quality, representedby the χ2/ndof value, provides good discrimination between signal and background. For the4µ channel, a cut of χ2/ndof < 9 is applied, while a cut of χ2/ndof < 6 is used for the otherchannels. This maintains a signal efficiency greater than 99% for all channels.The reconstruction of jets applies a particle-flow algorithm [68], which combinesmeasurements from the tracker and the calorimeter. The first step is to remove thosecalorimeter hits that are associated with reconstructed charged particles. Then, the remainingcalorimeter energy and tracks matched to the hard interaction are used to create particle-flowobjects for the jet reconstruction. The anti-kt algorithm with a radius parameter of R = 0.4is used to reconstruct particle-flow jets [69]. After the jets are reconstructed, pile-up issubtracted independently of the calibration [70]. Jets are required to have pT > 30GeVand |η| < 2.5. A multivariate jet-vertex-tagger algorithm (JVT) is employed to reject low-momentum jets originating from pile-up events. The JVT considers the reconstructed tracks’properties in the event and applies to jets with pT < 60GeV and |η| < 2.4 [71, 72].Events containing b-hadrons (b-jets) are identified using a multivariate tagging algorithm(b-tagging) [73, 74]. This algorithm assesses the likelihood that a jet originates from b-quarkhadronisation by analysing track impact parameters and reconstructed secondary vertices. Insimulated tt events, the jet identification algorithm exhibits an average efficiency of 77% foridentifying jets from b-quarks. Additionally, it achieves a rejection factor of approximately30 for light-flavour quarks (u-, d-, and s-quarks), while the rejection factor for c-quarks andgluons is smaller, as reported in ref. [73].After object reconstruction, an overlap removal procedure is applied to all selected objectsto remove ambiguities resulting from objects being reconstructed by several algorithms. Theelectron with the highest pT is kept when two electrons have overlapping energy deposits.If a reconstructed electron and muon share the same ID track, the electron is selected ifthe muon is calorimeter-tagged; otherwise, the muon is selected. Reconstructed jets whichoverlap with electrons (muons) in a cone of size ∆R = 0.2 (0.1) are removed.The magnitude of the missing transverse momentum is denoted by EmissT and is calculatedas the magnitude of the negative vectorial sum of the transverse momenta of calibratedleptons and jets. Also, a soft term is included in the calculation, which is constructed fromall tracks originating from the primary vertex but not associated with any identified leptonor jet [75]. Selected events must have at least one vertex with two associated tracks withpT > 500MeV, and the primary vertex is chosen to be the vertex with the largest∑p2T.– 7 –JHEP10(2024)1304.2 Event selectionThis analysis classifies events into three channels based on the flavours of the selected fourleptons: 4µ, 4e, and 2µ2e. These channels are assigned based on the triggers activated in theevent, which include single-lepton, dilepton, and trilepton triggers. The possible quadrupletsin each channel of an event are created from two same flavour and opposite sign leptonpairs (SFOS). The pT thresholds of the three leading leptons in the quadruplet follow thisorder: 20GeV, 15GeV, and 10GeV. The leading and the sub-leading lepton pairs in thequadruplet are defined to have an invariant mass closest and second closest to the Z bosonmass. The invariant mass of the leading and sub-leading lepton pairs are denoted mZ1 andmZ2 , respectively. In the selected quadruplet, mZ1 must be within 50GeV < mZ1 < 106GeV,whilemZ2 must be within 50GeV < mZ2 < 115GeV. The selected quadruplets must have theirlepton pairs separated from each other by ∆R > 0.1. If any two SFOS leptons are detectedwith mℓℓ below 5GeV for 4µ and 4e quadruplets, the quadruplet is excluded to reduce thecontamination from J/ψ mesons. In this analysis, the Z + Υ background contribution isnegligible. If, at this point, several quadruplets of different channels are selected, only thequadruplet with the highest expected signal rate is retained, in the order: 4µ, 2e2µ, 4e.The resolution of the four lepton invariant mass system can be improved by recoveringthe radiative photon production in the Z boson decay (final-state-radiation (FSR)) and byapplying constraints on the Z boson mass. In this analysis, the methodology presentedin refs. [76–78] for the h → ZZ analysis was used to account for FSR photons in thereconstruction of Z bosons, and for applying constraints on the Z boson mass. The Z-massconstraint is applied to both Z candidates and improves the resolution of m4ℓ by around15%. This analysis employs the combined 4µ, 4e, and 2µ2e channels, collectively called 4ℓ,to account for the limited statistics.5 Analysis strategyThis analysis searches for heavy resonances that decay to four leptons and missing transversemomentum or jets, where the four-lepton invariant mass is above 200GeV. The main source ofbackground in this kinematic region involves the leptonic decay of two Z bosons. Among thevarious background processes, quark-antiquark annihilation (qq → ZZ) is the most significant,contributing 84.6% of the expected background, while gluon-initiated production (gg → ZZ)accounts for approximately 11.7%. Other SM backgrounds, such as qq → ZZ (EW), tt¯V ,Z+jets, tt¯, WZ, and V V V , account for about 3.7% of the total background events. Thesenumbers are estimated from simulation after the four-lepton quadruplet selection discussedin section 4.2. In the following, this study models the SM backgrounds using an analyticalfunction, illustrated in section 6, where the normalisation is taken from the data.A cut-based optimisation was used to increase the sensitivity of the R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissTand A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signals. This involves setting thresholds on various kinematic andtopological variables, such as the number of jets (njets) and b-jets (nb-jets), the transversemomentum of the four-lepton system (p4ℓT ), and the EmissT significance(EmissT /√∑ET).The term ∑ET represents the scalar sum of the transverse energies of all reconstructedobjects in the ATLAS detector. These variables exhibit kinematic differences between– 8 –JHEP10(2024)130Signal region R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT and A→ ZH → 4ℓ+XSR1nb-jets = 0njets = 0 p4ℓT > 20GeV EmissT significance >2.0SR2njets ≥ 1p4ℓT > 10GeV EmissT significance > 3.5SR3 p4ℓT < 10GeV 2.5 < EmissT significance < 3.5A→ ZH → 4ℓ+XSR4nb-jets = 0njets ≥ 2|mjj −mZ | < 20GeVSR5 |mjj −mZ | > 20GeVSR6 njets = 1SR7 nb-jets ≥ 1Table 2. Summary of the requirements for the signal regions (SR) defined in the search for theR→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT and A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signals for m4ℓ > 200GeV.R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signals and the background processes.The background composition varies depending on the njets and nb-jets. For the p4ℓT , mostbackground processes peak around 20GeV, with a tail stretch toward higher values. Incontrast, the signal distribution peaks around 40GeV. This difference in peak positionsreflects the characteristic energy distribution of the signal compared to the backgroundprocesses. Similarly, the EmissT significance distribution also demonstrates distinguishablesignal and background patterns. Background events peak at a EmissT significance of around1, indicating a relatively low significance of missing transverse energy. In contrast, thesignal distribution peaks at a higher EmissT significance of around 3, suggesting a strongerpresence of genuine missing transverse energy associated with the signal process. Therefore,events with no b-jets are divided into two categories based on the njets: those with no jets(njets = 0) and those with at least one jet (njets ≥ 1). A two-dimensional scan is appliedtwice to each group using p4ℓT and EmissT significance to find the optimal cut between signaland background processes. The first scan determines the optimal threshold values for thesevariables corresponding to the highest value of the ratio of signal yields to the square root ofbackground yields. After finding the optimal points, the events above these optimal thresholdsare removed, and then a second scan is performed on the remaining events. This processresults in specific requirements on the variables that define the signal regions (SR). Therefore,events in the SR are required to satisfy the following requirements:• nb-jets = 0 and njets = 0 with p4ℓT > 20GeV and EmissT significance > 2.0 (SR1)• nb-jets = 0 and njets ≥ 1 with p4ℓT > 10GeV and EmissT significance > 3.5 (SR2)• nb-jets = 0 and njets ≥ 1 with p4ℓT < 10GeV and 2.5 < EmissT significance < 3.5 (SR3)The SRs mentioned above are used for both the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT and the A →ZH → 4ℓ + X models.Jets in the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal can arise from initial state radiation and thedecay of the Z boson. Therefore, it is crucial to accommodate scenarios with varying– 9 –JHEP10(2024)130jet multiplicities and recover the b-jet events left from the abovementioned categorisation.Additionally, the invariant mass of the two leading jets (mjj) shows a significant differencebetween the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal and backgrounds at mjj > 300GeV. Given thesedifferences, more categorisations were designed for the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal. Thisexpanded categorisation comprises four additional SRs to capture distinct jet-related features:• nb-jets = 0, njets ≥ 2, |mjj −mZ | < 20GeV (SR4)• nb-jets = 0, njets ≥ 2, |mjj −mZ | > 20GeV (SR5)• nb-jets = 0, njets = 1 (SR6)• nb-jets ≥ 1 (SR7)These SRs are only considered if the events are not yet classified in SR1-3. SR6 is motivatedby the need to capture signal events in which only one jet is detected. A single jet eventoccurs if the produced jet has very low momentum and falls outside the detector acceptance.SR7 is designed to include events with at least one b-jet, primarily due to the significantbranching ratio of the Z boson into b quarks. Table 2 provides a summary of these sevenSRs used in the analysis.6 Signal and background modellingSimulation is used to model and then parameterise the constructed m4ℓ distribution forthe SM backgrounds. Meanwhile, the signal shape is taken directly from the simulation,as illustrated below.6.1 Signal modelSection 3 discussed the generation of signal mass points for R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT andA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signals. Seventy-seven mass points were produced for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT signal, while seventy-two were generated for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal. To cover abroader mass range, a linear interpolation method described in ref. [79] is used to obtain signalshapes between the generated mass planes in either of the (mR,mH) or (mA,mH) masses.Interpolating the signal involves a two-step process due to its dependence on either (mR,mH)or (mA,mH) masses. In the first step, the H mass remains constant while interpolating the(mR −mH) or (mA −mH) mass parameters or interpolating the R or A mass. Subsequently,the interpolated signals obtained in the previous step serve as input for a second interpolation.In this stage, the R or A mass is fixed, while the H mass varies in steps of 10GeV.The interpolation was validated by comparing simulated and interpolated signaldistributions at a few mass points, as shown in figure 2 for the A → ZH → 4ℓ + XR→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT signals. Some disagreement at the tails of the signals is observed andconsidered as potential systematic uncertainty. This systematic uncertainty was shown tohave a negligible impact on the results and was omitted.– 10 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)(c)Figure 2. The m4ℓ distributions of the interpolated (blue) and simulated (black-filled point) signalsfor the (a) A → Z(→ jj/ℓ+ℓ−/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ) and (b) A → Z(→ ℓ+ℓ−)H(→ 2ℓ + jj/invisible)signals with the (mA,mH) = (540, 250)GeV mass point and the (c) R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT signalwith (mR,mH) = (420, 250)GeV and mS = 160GeV. The lower panels show the ratio between theinterpolated and simulated histograms. The plots are only shown in SR1 for illustrative purposes.6.2 Background modelThem4ℓ shape of the backgrounds is obtained from simulation using a parameterised empiricalfunction to decrease statistical uncertainties originating from the limited number of simulatedevents. Four background templates are used: qq → ZZ, gg → ZZ, V V V , and otherbackground processes. The other backgrounds contain processes such as qq → ZZ (EW),ttV , tt, Z+jets and WZ. Each of the background templates is fitted with an analyticalfunction for m4ℓ between 200–1200GeV, as follows:f(m4ℓ) = H(m0 −m4ℓ)f1(m4ℓ)C1 +H(m4ℓ −m0)f2(m4ℓ)C2, (6.1)– 11 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)Figure 3. The m4ℓ distributions of the analytical function fit (blue) to the simulated qq → ZZbackground (black-filled point) in signal regions (a) SR1 and (b) SR2. The lower panels show therelative difference between the fitted function and simulated histograms. The overlaid light blue bandindicates the statistical uncertainty of the fit function.where:f1(m4ℓ) =a1 ·m4ℓ + a2 ·m24ℓ1 + exp(m4ℓ−a1a3) , (6.2)f2(m4ℓ) =(1− m4ℓnC)b1·(m4ℓnC)(b2+b3·ln(m4ℓnC )), (6.3)C1 =1f1(m0), C2 =1f2(m0).The functional form f1 models the ZZ threshold around 2 ·mZ , and f2 describes the highmass tail. The transition between the f1 and f2 functions is performed by the Heaviside stepfunction H(x) around m0, where m0 is fixed to 260GeV, 240GeV, 250GeV and 230GeV forthe qq → ZZ, gg → ZZ, V V V , and other backgrounds, respectively. The transition pointis determined by the smoothness of the functional form. A constant nC = 13TeV scalesm4ℓ in the high mass region. C1 and C2 ensure the continuity of the function around thepoint m0, where f1 and f2 are joined together. The parameters ai and bi are determined byfitting the m4ℓ distribution in simulation for each specific SR. Overall, all regions achieved agood fit quality with the empirical function, assessed by the chi-squared values, which areapproximately equal to unity for all signal regions. As an example, figure 3 demonstrates thefit of the analytical function given by Equation 6.1 to the dominant qq → ZZ backgroundprocess in SR1 and SR2. The integral error calculated from the fit function is considereda source of systematic uncertainty. It is treated as a nuisance parameter and propagatedas a shape systematic uncertainty to the final fit.– 12 –JHEP10(2024)1307 Systematic uncertaintiesThis section discusses the sources of systematic uncertainty considered in this analysis,including experimental and theoretical uncertainties for the signal and background processes.Statistical uncertainties arising from the MC event generation are also considered. Additionally,uncertainties introduced by the background parameterisation are considered and propagatedto the final fit. The systematic uncertainties are evaluated using the invariant mass of thefour lepton system as a discriminant. Each systematic uncertainty component is treated asa nuisance parameter and profiled in the final statistical analysis.7.1 Experimental uncertaintiesExperimental uncertainties, such as object reconstruction and identification, trigger efficiencies,energy scale and resolution, are calculated for signal and background processes. The systematicexperimental uncertainties are evaluated by computing the ratio between the integral ofthe m4ℓ distribution with the relevant nuisance parameter weight modified by one standarddeviation and the integral of the m4ℓ distribution using the nominal weight. Signal sampleswere divided into three categories depending on the size of the energy gap (mA −mH ormR −mH) to simplify estimating the experimental systematic uncertainties for the signals.The gaps include samples with low (< 500GeV), medium (> 500GeV and < 700GeV) andhigh (> 1300GeV) energy gaps. These ranges are for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT process, andthey are slightly different for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X process. The systematic uncertaintiesare evaluated for three signal mass points from each energy gap for both signals. Each resultis combined by calculating the mean of the three samples per energy gap. Only the effecton the absolute normalisation was found to be relevant for the signal. For the V V V andother backgrounds, the absolute normalisation and the shape variation were included inthe fit. In contrast, only the shape variation for the qq¯ → ZZ and gg → ZZ was includedas systematic uncertainty in the fit.The lepton identification, isolation and reconstruction efficiency, energy/momentum scale,and resolution are derived from data using J/ψ → ℓℓ and Z → ℓℓ events. The uncertaintiesin the lepton efficiency are calculated following the method presented in refs. [66, 80] formuons and electrons. Generally, their effect on the signal yields is less than 1% for theR → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT signal, and up to 3.6% for the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal. Theseuncertainties are no more than 1.5% for the V V V background yields and at most 1.7% forthe other background processes. The uncertainties in the jet energy scale and resolutioncome from sources such as uncertainties in the absolute and relative “in situ” calibration andthe correction for pile-up [70]. In total, uncertainties due to the jet energy scale and energyresolution are estimated to a maximum of 4.3% for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT signal, 4.7%for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal, 7.0% for the V V V background and 10.4% for the otherbackground processes. In addition, flavour tagging uncertainties are calculated by altering theuncertainty of the tagged jet flavour efficiency by ±1σ. The total estimated flavour tagginguncertainties are as high as 4.3% for the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ +Xsignals, 8.9% for the V V V background and 8.5% for the other background processes. Theuncertainty in the EmissT is influenced by uncertainties in the energy scales of both leptons andjets [81]. Furthermore, there are contributions to the EmissT uncertainty from the momentum– 13 –JHEP10(2024)130scale and resolution of tracks that are not associated with any identified lepton or jet. Theoverall uncertainty in EmissT due to scale and resolution for the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissTsignal and V V V background is less than 1%. For the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal, theseuncertainties are up to 4.7% and 6.2% for the scale and resolution, respectively, while forthe other background processes, it is at most 6.1% due to the momentum scale and 9.7%due to the resolution. These experimental systematic uncertainties have a negligible impacton the shape, so only normalisation uncertainties are considered.The uncertainty in the combined 2015–2018 integrated luminosity is 1.7% [82], obtainedusing the LUCID-2 detector [83] for the primary luminosity measurements. In addition, asystematic uncertainty from re-scaling the simulated pile-up to the data is considered. Itis estimated to be up to 2.5% for the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT signal, less than 1% for theA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal, and about 3.0% for the V V V and other background processes.In section 8, a common normalisation factor is introduced to scale the event yields forboth qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ backgrounds while keeping the V V V and other backgroundsfixed to their SM predictions. Subsequently, the relative acceptance difference is calculatedbetween the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ backgrounds for each source of the experimentalsystematic uncertainties. These experimental systematic uncertainties are then propagatedto the gg → ZZ background. Experimental systematic uncertainties, which affect the shapeof the m4ℓ distribution of the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ backgrounds, are considered in theanalysis as shape systematic uncertainties.7.2 Theoretical uncertaintiesThis analysis considers the uncertainties of the PDF, missing high-order QCD correction,initial- and final-state radiation (ISR/FSR), and parton showering (PS) and hadronisation.The theoretical scale uncertainties on the signal samples are assessed by varying thefactorisation and renormalisation scales up and down from their nominal values by a factorof two in each SR. The largest effect of the scale uncertainties is taken as the systematicuncertainty. The PDF uncertainty is estimated using the SysCalc [84] package in conjunctionwith Madgraph5_aMC@NLO 2.9.5. The uncertainty is determined by considering howthe envelope of variations among alternative PDFs differs from the internal PDF error sets(NNPDF2.3 PDF). The calculation follows the PDF4LHC recommendations provided inref. [85]. Uncertainties related to the ISR/FSR, PS and hadronisation are evaluated byemploying variations in tune eigenvectors in Pythia and comparing Herwig 7.1.3 [86] withPythia 8.230 for the signal samples. The impact of the theoretical uncertainties on the signalacceptance is about 1%. The theoretical systematic uncertainties on the SM backgrounds areincluded as a shape systematic on the m4ℓ distribution and summarised below.7.3 Systematic uncertainties on background shapesTo account for any possible biases introduced by the analytical function discussed insection 6.2, uncertainties stemming from the background parameterisation are considered.These uncertainties are calculated by evaluating the error in the fit parameters while alsotaking into account the errors in the parameters resulting from the fit. The errors areestimated using the correlation values obtained from the fit.– 14 –JHEP10(2024)130Incorporating PDF and QCD scale uncertainties into the analysis is motivated by theirimpact on the shape of the m4ℓ distributions for the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ processes.The QCD scale uncertainty is estimated to be up to 10% for the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZbackgrounds. The PDF uncertainty is less than 5% (1%) in the low mass region and about25% (30%) in the high mass region for the qq → ZZ (gg → ZZ) background. A missinghigher-order QCD correction uncertainty on the m4ℓ shape is considered for the qq → ZZbackground, which is estimated to be less than 10%. The parton shower uncertainty isevaluated by varying parameters in the parton shower tunes, such as the CKKW and QSFsettings, and by using different showering options.8 Statistical proceduresThe invariant mass of the four leptons is used as a discriminant to examine the null andalternative hypotheses using the profile likelihood ratio technique [87]. The null hypothesiscorresponds to smoothed backgrounds that fall from the low mass range to the higher massrange of the m4ℓ distribution. In contrast, the alternative hypothesis incorporates a signalstructure around the H mass. The signal and background contributions in the m4ℓ distributionare extracted via a binned maximum-likelihood fit of the signal-plus background hypothesesto extract any indication for new physics. The profile likelihood function is defined as theprobability of observing n events. It is calculated as the product of the sum of weightedsignal and background events, as shown below:L(mn4ℓ|σ(gg → A/R), θ⃗) =nr∏r=SRsni∏i=binPoisson(nr,i | sr,i +∑bbr,i(θ⃗))×∏iGi(0|θ⃗, 1), (8.1)where σ(gg → A/R) is the parameter of interest for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X or R→ SH →4ℓ+ EmissT signal. The expected signal and background yields in each m4ℓ distribution binare represented by s and b, respectively. The expected signal yield s is calculated by:s = σ(gg → A/R)× B(A/R→ ZH/SH)× B(H → ZZ)×AC ×∫L dt, (8.2)where AC is the acceptance times efficiency, and∫L dt = 139 fb−1 is the integrated luminosityof the data. A collection of nuisance parameters is introduced to describe how systematicuncertainties influence the predicted number of signal and background events and the shapeof the PDFs. These parameters are constrained to their nominal values within the calculateduncertainties using Gaussian constraints by G(θ⃗), in which θ⃗ is a vector containing the nuisanceparameters. In the likelihood fit function, SRs are indicated in the product by the index “r”.In each SR, the normalisation for the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ processes (ZZ background) arecalculated by a likelihood fit to the data. The ZZ background normalisation is denoted bythe µZZnorm parameter. The benefit of taking the ZZ background normalisation from the datais the reduction of the background dependence on the theoretical systematic uncertainties.9 ResultsTable 3 displays the yields in each of the seven SRs described in section 5. The observedand expected numbers of events in each SR were obtained using a simultaneous binned– 15 –JHEP10(2024)130SR1 SR2 SR3 SR4 SR5 SR6 SR7qq → ZZ 132 ± 12 17 ± 6 42 ± 7 40 ± 7 156 ± 13 549 ± 70 86 ± 11gg → ZZ 32 ± 6 3.2 ± 3.1 8.3 ± 3.1 6.6 ± 2.8 22.1 ± 3.7 102 ± 70 9.4 ± 4.2V V V 7.5 ± 0.4 4.77 ± 0.34 1.49 ± 0.19 0.19 ± 0.04 1.08 ± 0.11 1.59 ± 0.13 0.50 ± 0.07Other backgrounds 5.5 ± 0.9 7.1 ± 1.1 3.6 ± 0.7 2.47 ± 0.30 17.5 ± 0.8 11.3 ± 0.8 37.6 ± 2.3Total background 177 ± 13 32 ± 6 55 ± 7 49 ± 7 197 ± 14 664 ± 26 134 ± 12Observed 177 32 55 49 197 664 135µZZnorm 1.15 ± 0.15 1.3 ± 0.6 0.96 ± 0.22 0.90 ± 0.17 0.80 ± 0.08 1.02 ± 0.13 1.4 ± 0.3Table 3. Observed and expected post-fit event yields for m4ℓ > 200GeV with their uncertainties.The expected yields and their uncertainties are obtained from a simultaneous fit to data under thebackground-only hypothesis on all seven signal regions discussed in section 5. The µZZnorm is thenormalisation factor for the qq → ZZ and gg → ZZ backgrounds. The other backgrounds includeqq → ZZ (EW), ttV , tt, Z+jets and WZ processes. These backgrounds and the V V V backgroundprocess were fixed to their SM prediction.maximum-likelihood fit, assuming the background-only hypothesis. Signal+backgroundbinned maximum-likelihood fits were also performed on the m4ℓ distribution to search forpotential excesses beyond the expected SM backgrounds. This fit model is based on thestatistical framework discussed in section 8. The mR (mA) range 390–1300 (320–1300) GeVand the mH range 220–1000GeV were scanned for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT (A→ ZH →4ℓ+X) search. The fit was performed in steps of 10GeV, in which 4187 (mR,mH) and 4740(mA,mH) mass points in NWA for each SR were tested for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT andA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X processes, respectively. The resulting test statistics were used to constructp-values and significance estimates, which were then used to evaluate the compatibility of thedata with the background-only hypothesis and the presence of new physics in the data.The four lepton invariant mass distributions for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search withthe (mR,mH) = (500, 300)GeV mass point in all three SRs are shown in figure 4. Figures 5and 6 show the m4ℓ distribution in the seven SRs defined for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X searchwith the (mA,mH) = (510, 380)GeV mass point. These plots are shown for a background-onlyfit to data, and signals are overlaid after being scaled to the observed upper limit on thecross-section. In the presented figures, statistical fluctuations are dominant, particularlyin the high mass region of the m4ℓ. The binning was determined by considering the widthand the stability of the upper limit on the cross-section of the R → SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT andA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signals. The upper limit calculations were performed in bins with a fixedwidth of 5GeV. However, for better visualisation, the plots are presented with variable binning.No significant deviation from the SM backgrounds is observed in the data. Local excessesaround two standard deviations for a few mass points are shown in figure 7(a) for theR→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT signal and in figure 7(b) for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal. The mostsignificant excess comes from the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signal at the (mA,mH) = (510, 380)GeVmass point with a local significance of 2.5 standard deviations. The impact of systematicuncertainties on the analysis is investigated based on their impact on the parameter ofinterest (best-fit cross-section) for the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ + X– 16 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)(c)Figure 4. Observed and expected distributions of the invariant mass of the four-lepton system inthe R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search for (a) SR1, (b) SR2 and (c) SR3 under a background-only fit todata. The total background (blue) includes the qq → ZZ, gg → ZZ, qq → ZZ (EW), V V V , ttV ,tt, Z+jets and WZ processes. The overlaid distribution of the (mR,mH) = (500, 300)GeV signal(red) is normalised to the observed upper limit on the cross-section (25.0 fb) discussed in section 9.The hatched lines show the systematic uncertainty of the background prediction, while the error baron the data denote the statistical uncertainty. The lower panel displays the significance of each bin,which is determined by the residual of the data corresponding to the fitted background taking thestatistical uncertainty of the data into account. The fit is performed in bins of 5GeV width, while theplots are re-binned using variable binning for presentation purposes.– 17 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)(c)Figure 5. Observed and expected distributions of the invariant mass of the four-lepton system in theA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search for (a) SR1, (b) SR2 and (c) SR3 under a background-only fit to data. Thetotal background (blue) includes the qq → ZZ, gg → ZZ, qq → ZZ (EW), V V V , ttV , tt, Z+jets andWZ processes. The overlaid distribution of the (mA,mH) = (510, 380)GeV signal (red) is normalisedto the observed upper limit on the cross-section (29.9 fb) discussed in section 9. The hatched linesshow the systematic uncertainty of the background prediction, while the error bar on the data denotethe statistical uncertainty. The lower panel displays the significance of each bin, which is determinedby the residual of the data corresponding to the fitted background taking the statistical uncertainty ofthe data into account. The fit is performed in bins of 5GeV width, while the plots are re-binned usingvariable binning for presentation purposes.– 18 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)(c) (d)Figure 6. Observed and expected distributions of the invariant mass of the four-lepton system in theA→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search for (a) SR4, (b) SR5, (c) SR6 and (d) SR7 under a background-only fitto data. The total background (blue) includes the qq → ZZ, gg → ZZ, qq → ZZ (EW), V V V , ttV ,tt, Z+jets and WZ processes. The overlaid distribution of the (mA,mH) = (510, 380)GeV signal(red) is normalised to the observed upper limit on the cross-section (29.9 fb) discussed in section 9.The hatched lines show the systematic uncertainty of the background prediction, while the error baron the data denote the statistical uncertainty. The lower panel displays the significance of each bin,which is determined by the residual of the data corresponding to the fitted background taking thestatistical uncertainty of the data into account. The fit is performed in bins of 5GeV width, while theplots are re-binned using variable binning for presentation purposes.– 19 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)Figure 7. Local p0-values in the (mH ,mR) plane for (a) the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT search withmS = 160GeV, and in the (mH ,mA) plane for (b) the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search.signals. The uncertainties that have the most significant impact vary depending on thechoice of the (mR,mH) or (mA,mH) mass points. Table 4 shows the first five leading sourcesof uncertainties in the best-fit σ value for three different mass points for each signal. Theeffect of the uncertainties is estimated using Asimov data produced with the signal cross-section set to the expected limits for the particular (mR,mH) or (mA,mH) mass points,assuming narrow width R or A and H bosons. In the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT search,systematic uncertainties related to jet characteristics, such as jet flavour composition, playeda significant role and ranked first and second at mass points (mR,mH) = (390, 220)GeV and(mR,mH) = (1300, 1000)GeV, respectively. It is noteworthy that the uncertainties associatedwith jet characteristics remained significant and played a pivotal role in the overall uncertaintyassessment for both the R → SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ+X searches.As no significant excess was observed in comparison to the background predictions, theresults were translated into upper limits on the production cross-section of the R→ SH →4ℓ + EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signals times the branching fractions. The branchingfractions considered are B(R→ SH) and B(H → ZZ) for the R→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT process.For the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X process, the branching fractions are B(A→ ZH) and B(H → ZZ).The CLs approach in the asymptotic approximation [87, 88] was used to calculate upperlimits at 95% confidence level (CL) across the explored phase space. The upper limit, eitheron σ(gg → R)×B(R→ SH)×B(H → ZZ) or on σ(gg → A)×B(A→ ZH)×B(H → ZZ),for a specific mass hypothesis, is obtained by fixing the H mass parameter to a constantvalue and optimising the probability function for nuisance parameters. The observed andexpected upper limits of NWA R and H bosons for the R → SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search areshown in figures 8(a) and 8(b) in the (mH ,mR) plane where the z-axis displays the upperlimits on σ(gg → R)× B(R→ SH)× B(H → ZZ) in fb. The observed upper limits for theR→ SH → 4ℓ+EmissT search range from 6.8 fb for (mR,mH) = (1300, 980)GeV to 119.2 fb for(mR,mH) = (410, 240)GeV. In contrast, the expected upper limits vary from 7.7 fb to 70.3 fbfor the same mass points. Similarly, figures 8(c) and 8(d) show the observed and expectedupper limits for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search in the (mH ,mA) plane, in which the z-axis– 20 –JHEP10(2024)130R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X(mR,mH) [GeV] Uncertainty source ∆σ/σ [%] (mA,mH) [GeV] Uncertainty source ∆σ/σ [%]Jet flavour composition 6.2 Other backgrounds parameterisation SR7 5.0Jet flavour response 4.8 qq → ZZ parameterisation SR7 3.9(390, 220) Jet energy scale 4.2 (320, 220) Jet flavour composition 3.9Pile-up reweighting 4.0 Luminosity 3.7CKKW parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 3.8 gg → ZZ parameterisation SR6 3.6CKKW parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 3.1 Luminosity 2.4QSF parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 3.0 Jet flavour composition 2.4(500, 300) qq → ZZ parameterisation SR2 2.0 (510, 380) Jet energy scale 1.7Pile-up reweighting 1.9 Jet energy resolution 1.5V V V parameterisation SR2 1.9 Signal PDF 1.4qq → ZZ parameterisation SR2 9.3 CKKW parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 3.3Jet flavour composition 7.3 QSF parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 3.3(1300, 1000) Jet flavour response 3.5 (1300, 1000) Other backgrounds parameterisation SR2 2.6Pile-up reweighting 2.9 qq → ZZ parameterisation SR5 2.1CKKW parton showering (gg → ZZ) SR2 2.9 V V V parameterisation SR2 2.1Table 4. The impact of the most important sources of uncertainty on the best-fit value of the signalcross-section for three mass points for each R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT and A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X signalsafter the fit. Sum in quadrature of the upward and downward effects (∆σ) is divided by the best fitvalue of the signal cross-section (σ) for each signal. Shape uncertainties are uncorrelated and henceaffect each region separately.represents the upper limits on σ(gg → A)×B(A→ ZH)×B(H → ZZ). For the A→ ZH →4ℓ+X search, the observed upper limits range from 2.1 fb for (mA,mH) = (1300, 760)GeV to32.3 fb for (mA,mH) = (430, 240)GeV, whereas the corresponding expected upper limits rangefrom 2.9 fb to 18.8 fb. Pseudo-experiments were used to calculate upper limits for variousmass points, but the results did not significantly deviate from the asymptotic upper limits.The analysis focuses on studying heavy resonances with NWA A or R and H bosonsproduced via gluon-fusion for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X and R→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT processes.However, the effect of the LWA in a similar scenario was also checked. For this purpose,two low and high mass points, (mA,mH) = (320, 220)GeV and (mA,mH) = (1190, 600)GeV,for the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal were generated using similar configurations as for theNWA signal. Upper limits were computed for signal assumptions in which the A and Hbosons have a significant natural width relative to the true mass. They were found toincrease as the natural width of the A and H bosons increases. For example, in the caseof an A → ZH → 4ℓ + X signal that produces A and H bosons with natural widths of15% and 5%, respectively, of their true mass, the upper limit worsened by a factor of 1.4for the low mass point and 1.7 for the high mass point compared to the NWA upper limit.In the (ΓA/mA,ΓH/mH) = (30%, 10%) case, the upper limit is worsened by a factor of 1.7for the low mass point and by a factor of 1.9 for the high mass point when compared tothe NWA scenario. Table 5 summarises width assumptions, mass points and upper limitsfor LWA and NWA signals.– 21 –JHEP10(2024)130(a) (b)(c) (d)Figure 8. The observed (left) and expected (right) upper limits at 95% confidence level on (a)–(b)σ(gg → R) × B(R → SH) × B(H → ZZ) across the (mH , mR) plane with mS = 160GeV for theR → SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search, and on (c)–(d) σ(gg → A) × B(A → ZH) × B(H → ZZ) across the(mH , mA) plane for the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search.Width assumptions Mass points [GeV]Upper limits in the σ(gg → A) [fb] Ratio w.r.tNarrow widthObserved ExpectedNarrow width(mA,mH) = (320, 220) 19.6 25.1 1.0(mA,mH) = (1190, 600) 4.8 3.5 1.0(ΓA/mA,ΓH/mH) = (15%, 5%)(mA,mH) = (320, 220) 31.5 36.2 1.4(mA,mH) = (1190, 600) 8.3 6.0 1.7(ΓA/mA,ΓH/mH) = (30%, 10%)(mA,mH) = (320, 220) 38.9 42.5 1.7(mA,mH) = (1190, 600) 8.9 6.6 1.9Table 5. Observed and expected upper limits at 95% confidence level (CL) on the σ(gg → A) ×B(A→ ZH)× B(H → ZZ) for different large width approximation signals for comparison with thenarrow width approximation. The fraction in the rightmost column corresponds to the ratio betweenthe expected upper limits with large- or narrow width signals. The ΓA and ΓH denote the widths ofthe A and H bosons, respectively.– 22 –JHEP10(2024)13010 ConclusionA search for new heavy resonances is performed in a final state with four leptons andmissing transverse energy or jets. The search uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV collected by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018 at the LargeHadron Collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. The searchfocuses on two signal processes: R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT and A → ZH → 4ℓ +X. For theR→ SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search, the R boson decays to S and H bosons, where S → invisibleand H → ZZ → 4ℓ. In the A → ZH → 4ℓ + X search, the A boson decays to Z and Hbosons, with two possible decay modes considered for the associated production of Z andH bosons: A→ Z(→ jj/ℓ+ℓ−/invisible)H(→ 4ℓ) and A→ Z(→ 2ℓ)H(→ 2ℓ+ jj/invisible).For both the A → ZH → 4ℓ +X and R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT processes, the heavy bosonH mass is between 220GeV and 1000GeV. The mass range considered for the hypotheticalresonance is in the range of 320–1300GeV for the A boson and 390–1300GeV for the R boson,while the S boson mass is fixed at 160GeV, without any significant impact on the results.No significant deviation above the SM backgrounds is observed. The results are translatedinto upper limits on σ(gg → R)×B(R→ SH)×B(H → ZZ) and σ(gg → A)×B(A→ ZH)×B(H → ZZ) at 95% confidence level. For the R → SH → 4ℓ+ EmissT search, the observed(expected) upper limits range from 6.8–119.2 (7.6–75.8) fb for (mR,mH) = (390, 220)GeV to(mR,mH) = (1300, 1000)GeV. For the A→ ZH → 4ℓ+X search, the observed (expected)upper limits range from 2.1–32.3 (2.7–25.8) fb for (mA,mH) = (320, 220)GeV to (mA,mH) =(1300, 1000)GeV. This complements previous A → ZH searches in various channels (asdiscussed in section 1) and contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of thebehaviour of A and H bosons. Furthermore, the R → SH → 4ℓ + EmissT search extendsthe gluon-fusion production of the H → ZZ → 4ℓ inclusive analysis, incorporating thepossibility of missing transverse energy in the four-lepton final states and extending thephase-space of the search.AcknowledgmentsWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC and its injectors, as wellas the support staff at CERN and at our institutions worldwide without whom ATLAScould not be operated efficiently.The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, inparticular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF(Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF(Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.), the Tier-2 facilitiesworldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computingresources are listed in ref. [89].We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC,Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil;NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China;Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany;– 23 –JHEP10(2024)130GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN,Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway;MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia;ARIS and MVZI, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and WallenbergFoundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC,Taipei; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United Statesof America.Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRCand DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic;COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie Skłodowska-CurieActions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex, Investissements d’Avenir Idexand ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeiaprogrammes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA,Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; LaCaixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEOand GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden;The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support from CERN: EuropeanOrganization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacióny Desarrollo (FONDECYT 1190886, FONDECYT 1210400, FONDECYT 1230812,FONDECYT 1230987); China: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC —12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060); Czech Republic: PRIMUS Research Programme(PRIMUS/21/SCI/017); EU: H2020 European Research Council (ERC — 101002463);European Union: European Research Council (ERC — 948254, ERC 101089007), Horizon2020 Framework Programme (MUCCA — CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), European Union,Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013), ItalianCenter for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC,NextGenerationEU); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002), Investissements d’Avenir Labex(ANR-11-LABX-0012); Germany: Baden-Württemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-PostdocEliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG — 469666862, DFG — CR312/5-1); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Ministerodell’Università e della Ricerca (PRIN — 20223N7F8K — PNRR M4.C2.1.1); Japan: JapanSociety for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI JP21H05085, JSPS KAKENHIJP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944, JSPS KAKENHI JP22KK0227); Netherlands:Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Veni 2020 — VI.Veni.202.179);Norway: Research Council of Norway (RCN-314472); Poland: Polish National Agencyfor Academic Exchange (PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001), Polish National ScienceCentre (NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148); Slovenia: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS grant J1-3010);Spain: BBVA Foundation (LEO22-1-603), Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER,IDIFEDER/2018/048), La Caixa Banking Foundation (LCF/BQ/PI20/11760025), Ministry of– 24 –JHEP10(2024)130Science and Innovation (MCIN & NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, MICIN & FEDER PID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I), PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2019/023,CIDEGENT/2019/027); Sweden: Swedish Research Council (VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR grant 2021-03651), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation(KAW 2017.0100, KAW 2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447); Switzerland: SwissNational Science Foundation (SNSF — PCEFP2_194658); United Kingdom: LeverhulmeTrust (Leverhulme Trust RPG-2020-004); United States of America: U.S. Department ofEnergy (ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515), Neubauer Family Foundation.Open Access. 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Beermann 36, M. Begalli 83d, M. Begel 29, A. Behera 145, J.K. Behr 48,– 31 –JHEP10(2024)130J.F. Beirer 36, F. Beisiegel 24, M. Belfkir 116b, G. Bella 151, L. Bellagamba 23b, A. Bellerive 34,P. Bellos 20, K. Beloborodov 37, D. Benchekroun 35a, F. Bendebba 35a, Y. Benhammou 151,K.C. Benkendorfer 61, L. Beresford 48, M. Beretta 53, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann 161, N. Berger 4,B. Bergmann 132, J. Beringer 17a, G. Bernardi 5, C. Bernius 143, F.U. Bernlochner 24,F. Bernon 36,102, A. Berrocal Guardia 13, T. Berry 95, P. Berta 133, A. Berthold 50,S. Bethke 110, A. Betti 75a,75b, A.J. Bevan 94, N.K. Bhalla 54, M. Bhamjee 33c, S. Bhatta 145,D.S. Bhattacharya 166, P. Bhattarai 143, K.D. Bhide 54, V.S. Bhopatkar 121, R.M. Bianchi 129,G. Bianco 23b,23a, O. Biebel 109, R. Bielski 123, M. Biglietti 77a, C.S. Billingsley44, M. Bindi 55,A. Bingul 21b, C. Bini 75a,75b, A. Biondini 92, C.J. Birch-sykes 101, G.A. Bird 32,M. Birman 169, M. Biros 133, S. Biryukov 146, T. Bisanz 49, E. Bisceglie 43b,43a,J.P. 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Bruscino 75a,75b, T. Buanes 16,Q. Buat 138, D. Buchin 110, A.G. Buckley 59, O. Bulekov 37, B.A. Bullard 143, S. Burdin 92,C.D. Burgard 49, A.M. Burger 36, B. Burghgrave 8, O. Burlayenko 54, J.T.P. Burr 32,C.D. Burton 11, J.C. Burzynski 142, E.L. Busch 41, V. Büscher 100, P.J. Bussey 59,J.M. Butler 25, C.M. Buttar 59, J.M. Butterworth 96, W. Buttinger 134,C.J. Buxo Vazquez 107, A.R. Buzykaev 37, S. Cabrera Urbán 163, L. Cadamuro 66,D. Caforio 58, H. Cai 129, Y. Cai 14a,14e, Y. Cai 14c, V.M.M. Cairo 36, O. Cakir 3a,N. Calace 36, P. Calafiura 17a, G. Calderini 127, P. Calfayan 68, G. Callea 59, L.P. Caloba83b,D. Calvet 40, S. Calvet 40, M. Calvetti 74a,74b, R. Camacho Toro 127, S. Camarda 36,D. Camarero Munoz 26, P. Camarri 76a,76b, M.T. Camerlingo 72a,72b, D. Cameron 36,C. Camincher 165, M. Campanelli 96, A. Camplani 42, V. Canale 72a,72b, A.C. Canbay 3a,J. Cantero 163, Y. Cao 162, F. Capocasa 26, M. Capua 43b,43a, A. Carbone 71a,71b,R. Cardarelli 76a, J.C.J. Cardenas 8, F. Cardillo 163, G. Carducci 43b,43a, T. Carli 36,G. Carlino 72a, J.I. Carlotto 13, B.T. Carlson 129,r, E.M. Carlson 165,156a, L. Carminati 71a,71b,A. Carnelli 135, M. Carnesale 75a,75b, S. Caron 113, E. Carquin 137f , S. Carrá 71a,G. Carratta 23b,23a, A.M. Carroll 123, T.M. Carter 52, M.P. Casado 13,i, M. Caspar 48,F.L. Castillo 4, L. Castillo Garcia 13, V. Castillo Gimenez 163, N.F. Castro 130a,130e,A. Catinaccio 36, J.R. Catmore 125, T. Cavaliere 4, V. Cavaliere 29, N. Cavalli 23b,23a,Y.C. Cekmecelioglu 48, E. Celebi 21a, F. Celli 126, M.S. Centonze 70a,70b, V. Cepaitis 56,K. Cerny 122, A.S. Cerqueira 83a, A. Cerri 146, L. Cerrito 76a,76b, F. Cerutti 17a,B. Cervato 141, A. Cervelli 23b, G. Cesarini 53, S.A. Cetin 82, D. Chakraborty 115,J. Chan 17a, W.Y. Chan 153, J.D. Chapman 32, E. Chapon 135, B. Chargeishvili 149b,– 32 –JHEP10(2024)130D.G. Charlton 20, M. Chatterjee 19, C. Chauhan 133, Y. Che 14c, S. Chekanov 6,S.V. Chekulaev 156a, G.A. Chelkov 38,a, A. Chen 106, B. Chen 151, B. 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Conde Muiño 130a,130g, M.P. Connell 33c, S.H. Connell 33c, E.I. Conroy 126,F. Conventi 72a,ai, H.G. Cooke 20, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar 126, A. Cordeiro Oudot Choi 127,L.D. Corpe 40, M. Corradi 75a,75b, F. Corriveau 104,y, A. Cortes-Gonzalez 18, M.J. Costa 163,F. Costanza 4, D. Costanzo 139, B.M. Cote 119, G. Cowan 95, K. Cranmer 170,D. Cremonini 23b,23a, S. Crépé-Renaudin 60, F. Crescioli 127, M. Cristinziani 141,M. Cristoforetti 78a,78b, V. Croft 114, J.E. Crosby 121, G. Crosetti 43b,43a, A. Cueto 99,T. Cuhadar Donszelmann 159, H. Cui 14a,14e, Z. Cui 7, W.R. Cunningham 59,F. Curcio 43b,43a, P. Czodrowski 36, M.M. Czurylo 63b,M.J. Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa 57b,57a, J.V. Da Fonseca Pinto 83b, C. Da Via 101,W. Dabrowski 86a, T. Dado 49, S. Dahbi 148, T. Dai 106, D. Dal Santo 19, C. Dallapiccola 103,M. Dam 42, G. D’amen 29, V. D’Amico 109, J. Damp 100, J.R. Dandoy 34, M. Danninger 142,V. Dao 36, G. Darbo 57b, S. Darmora 6, S.J. Das 29,aj , S. D’Auria 71a,71b, A. D’avanzo 130a,C. David 33a, T. Davidek 133, B. Davis-Purcell 34, I. Dawson 94, H.A. Day-hall 132, K. De 8,R. De Asmundis 72a, N. De Biase 48, S. De Castro 23b,23a, N. De Groot 113, P. de Jong 114,H. De la Torre 115, A. De Maria 14c, A. De Salvo 75a, U. De Sanctis 76a,76b,F. De Santis 70a,70b, A. De Santo 146, J.B. De Vivie De Regie 60, D.V. Dedovich38,J. Degens 114, A.M. Deiana 44, F. Del Corso 23b,23a, J. Del Peso 99, F. Del Rio 63a,L. Delagrange 127, F. Deliot 135, C.M. Delitzsch 49, M. Della Pietra 72a,72b, D. Della Volpe 56,A. Dell’Acqua 36, L. Dell’Asta 71a,71b, M. Delmastro 4, P.A. Delsart 60, S. Demers 172,M. Demichev 38, S.P. Denisov 37, L. D’Eramo 40, D. Derendarz 87, F. Derue 127,P. Dervan 92, K. Desch 24, C. Deutsch 24, F.A. Di Bello 57b,57a, A. Di Ciaccio 76a,76b,L. Di Ciaccio 4, A. Di Domenico 75a,75b, C. Di Donato 72a,72b, A. Di Girolamo 36,G. Di Gregorio 36, A. Di Luca 78a,78b, B. Di Micco 77a,77b, R. Di Nardo 77a,77b,M. Diamantopoulou 34, F.A. Dias 114, T. Dias Do Vale 142, M.A. Diaz 137a,137b,F.G. Diaz Capriles 24, M. Didenko 163, E.B. Diehl 106, S. Díez Cornell 48, C. Diez Pardos 141,C. Dimitriadi 161,24, A. Dimitrievska 17a, J. Dingfelder 24, I-M. Dinu 27b, S.J. Dittmeier 63b,F. Dittus 36, F. Djama 102, T. Djobava 149b, C. Doglioni 101,98, A. Dohnalova 28a,J. Dolejsi 133, Z. Dolezal 133, K.M. Dona 39, M. Donadelli 83c, B. Dong 107, J. Donini 40,A. D’Onofrio 72a,72b, M. D’Onofrio 92, J. Dopke 134, A. Doria 72a,N. Dos Santos Fernandes 130a, P. Dougan 101, M.T. Dova 90, A.T. Doyle 59, M.A. Draguet 126,– 33 –JHEP10(2024)130E. Dreyer 169, I. Drivas-koulouris 10, M. Drnevich 117, M. Drozdova 56, D. Du 62a,T.A. du Pree 114, F. Dubinin 37, M. Dubovsky 28a, E. Duchovni 169, G. Duckeck 109,O.A. Ducu 27b, D. Duda 52, A. Dudarev 36, E.R. Duden 26, M. D’uffizi 101, L. Duflot 66,M. Dührssen 36, A.E. Dumitriu 27b, M. Dunford 63a, S. Dungs 49, K. Dunne 47a,47b,A. Duperrin 102, H. Duran Yildiz 3a, M. Düren 58, A. Durglishvili 149b, B.L. Dwyer 115,G.I. Dyckes 17a, M. Dyndal 86a, B.S. Dziedzic 87, Z.O. Earnshaw 146, G.H. Eberwein 126,B. Eckerova 28a, S. Eggebrecht 55, E. Egidio Purcino De Souza 127, L.F. Ehrke 56, G. Eigen 16,K. Einsweiler 17a, T. Ekelof 161, P.A. Ekman 98, S. El Farkh 35b, Y. El Ghazali 35b,H. El Jarrari 36, A. El Moussaouy 108, V. Ellajosyula 161, M. Ellert 161, F. Ellinghaus 171,N. Ellis 36, J. Elmsheuser 29, M. Elsing 36, D. Emeliyanov 134, Y. Enari 153, I. Ene 17a,S. Epari 13, P.A. Erland 87, M. Errenst 171, M. Escalier 66, C. Escobar 163, E. Etzion 151,G. Evans 130a, H. Evans 68, L.S. Evans 95, A. Ezhilov 37, S. Ezzarqtouni 35a,F. Fabbri 23b,23a, L. Fabbri 23b,23a, G. Facini 96, V. Fadeyev 136, R.M. Fakhrutdinov 37,D. Fakoudis 100, S. Falciano 75a, L.F. Falda Ulhoa Coelho 36, P.J. Falke 24, J. Faltova 133,C. Fan 162, Y. Fan 14a, Y. Fang 14a,14e, M. Fanti 71a,71b, M. Faraj 69a,69b, Z. Farazpay 97,A. Farbin 8, A. Farilla 77a, T. Farooque 107, S.M. Farrington 52, F. Fassi 35e,D. Fassouliotis 9, M. Faucci Giannelli 76a,76b, W.J. Fawcett 32, L. Fayard 66, P. Federic 133,P. Federicova 131, O.L. Fedin 37,a, M. Feickert 170, L. Feligioni 102, D.E. Fellers 123,C. Feng 62b, M. Feng 14b, Z. Feng 114, M.J. Fenton 159, L. Ferencz 48, R.A.M. Ferguson 91,S.I. Fernandez Luengo 137f , P. Fernandez Martinez 13, M.J.V. Fernoux 102, J. Ferrando 91,A. Ferrari 161, P. Ferrari 114,113, R. Ferrari 73a, D. Ferrere 56, C. Ferretti 106, F. Fiedler 100,P. Fiedler 132, A. Filipčič 93, E.K. Filmer 1, F. Filthaut 113, M.C.N. Fiolhais 130a,130c,c,L. Fiorini 163, W.C. Fisher 107, T. Fitschen 101, P.M. Fitzhugh135, I. Fleck 141,P. Fleischmann 106, T. Flick 171, M. Flores 33d,ae, L.R. Flores Castillo 64a,L. Flores Sanz De Acedo 36, F.M. Follega 78a,78b, N. Fomin 16, J.H. Foo 155, A. Formica 135,A.C. Forti 101, E. Fortin 36, A.W. Fortman 17a, M.G. Foti 17a, L. Fountas 9,j , D. Fournier 66,H. Fox 91, P. Francavilla 74a,74b, S. Francescato 61, S. Franchellucci 56, M. Franchini 23b,23a,S. Franchino 63a, D. Francis36, L. Franco 113, V. Franco Lima 36, L. Franconi 48,M. Franklin 61, G. Frattari 26, W.S. Freund 83b, Y.Y. Frid 151, J. Friend 59, N. Fritzsche 50,A. Froch 54, D. Froidevaux 36, J.A. Frost 126, Y. Fu 62a, S. Fuenzalida Garrido 137f ,M. Fujimoto 102, K.Y. Fung 64a, E. Furtado De Simas Filho 83b, M. Furukawa 153,J. Fuster 163, A. Gabrielli 23b,23a, A. Gabrielli 155, P. Gadow 36, G. Gagliardi 57b,57a,L.G. Gagnon 17a, S. Galantzan 151, E.J. Gallas 126, B.J. Gallop 134, K.K. Gan 119,S. Ganguly 153, Y. Gao 52, F.M. Garay Walls 137a,137b, B. Garcia29, C. García 163,A. Garcia Alonso 114, A.G. Garcia Caffaro 172, J.E. García Navarro 163, M. Garcia-Sciveres 17a,G.L. Gardner 128, R.W. Gardner 39, N. Garelli 158, D. Garg 80, R.B. Garg 143,n,J.M. Gargan 52, C.A. Garner155, C.M. Garvey 33a, P. Gaspar 83b, V.K. Gassmann158,G. Gaudio 73a, V. Gautam13, P. Gauzzi 75a,75b, I.L. Gavrilenko 37, A. Gavrilyuk 37,C. Gay 164, G. Gaycken 48, E.N. Gazis 10, A.A. Geanta 27b, C.M. Gee 136, A. Gekow119,C. Gemme 57b, M.H. Genest 60, A.D. Gentry 112, S. George 95, W.F. George 20, T. Geralis 46,P. Gessinger-Befurt 36, M.E. Geyik 171, M. Ghani 167, M. Ghneimat 141, K. Ghorbanian 94,A. Ghosal 141, A. Ghosh 159, A. Ghosh 7, B. Giacobbe 23b, S. Giagu 75a,75b, T. Giani 114,P. Giannetti 74a, A. Giannini 62a, S.M. Gibson 95, M. Gignac 136, D.T. Gil 86b,– 34 –JHEP10(2024)130A.K. Gilbert 86a, B.J. Gilbert 41, D. Gillberg 34, G. Gilles 114, L. Ginabat 127,D.M. Gingrich 2,ah, M.P. Giordani 69a,69c, P.F. Giraud 135, G. Giugliarelli 69a,69c,D. Giugni 71a, F. Giuli 36, I. Gkialas 9,j , L.K. Gladilin 37, C. Glasman 99, G.R. Gledhill 123,G. Glemža 48, M. Glisic123, I. Gnesi 43b,f , Y. Go 29, M. Goblirsch-Kolb 36, B. Gocke 49,D. Godin108, B. Gokturk 21a, S. Goldfarb 105, T. Golling 56, M.G.D. Gololo 33g,D. Golubkov 37, J.P. Gombas 107, A. Gomes 130a,130b, G. Gomes Da Silva 141,A.J. Gomez Delegido 163, R. Gonçalo 130a,130c, L. Gonella 20, A. Gongadze 149c,F. Gonnella 20, J.L. Gonski 143, R.Y. González Andana 52, S. González de la Hoz 163,R. Gonzalez Lopez 92, C. Gonzalez Renteria 17a, M.V. Gonzalez Rodrigues 48,R. Gonzalez Suarez 161, S. Gonzalez-Sevilla 56, G.R. Gonzalvo Rodriguez 163, L. Goossens 36,B. Gorini 36, E. Gorini 70a,70b, A. Gorišek 93, T.C. Gosart 128, A.T. Goshaw 51,M.I. Gostkin 38, S. Goswami 121, C.A. Gottardo 36, S.A. Gotz 109, M. Gouighri 35b,V. Goumarre 48, A.G. Goussiou 138, N. Govender 33c, I. Grabowska-Bold 86a, K. Graham 34,E. Gramstad 125, S. Grancagnolo 70a,70b, C.M. Grant1,135, P.M. Gravila 27f ,F.G. Gravili 70a,70b, H.M. Gray 17a, M. Greco 70a,70b, C. Grefe 24, I.M. Gregor 48,P. Grenier 143, S.G. Grewe110, A.A. Grillo 136, K. Grimm 31, S. Grinstein 13,u, J.-F. Grivaz 66,E. Gross 169, J. Grosse-Knetter 55, J.C. Grundy 126, L. Guan 106, C. Gubbels 164,J.G.R. Guerrero Rojas 163, G. Guerrieri 69a,69c, F. Guescini 110, R. Gugel 100,J.A.M. Guhit 106, A. Guida 18, E. Guilloton 167, S. Guindon 36, F. Guo 14a,14e, J. Guo 62c,L. Guo 48, Y. Guo 106, R. Gupta 48, R. Gupta 129, S. Gurbuz 24, S.S. Gurdasani 54,G. Gustavino 36, M. Guth 56, P. Gutierrez 120, L.F. Gutierrez Zagazeta 128, M. Gutsche 50,C. Gutschow 96, C. Gwenlan 126, C.B. Gwilliam 92, E.S. Haaland 125, A. Haas 117,M. Habedank 48, C. Haber 17a, H.K. Hadavand 8, A. Hadef 50, S. Hadzic 110, A.I. Hagan 91,J.J. Hahn 141, E.H. Haines 96, M. Haleem 166, J. Haley 121, J.J. Hall 139, G.D. Hallewell 102,L. Halser 19, K. Hamano 165, M. Hamer 24, G.N. Hamity 52, E.J. Hampshire 95, J. Han 62b,K. Han 62a, L. Han 14c, L. Han 62a, S. Han 17a, Y.F. Han 155, K. Hanagaki 84,M. Hance 136, D.A. Hangal 41, H. Hanif 142, M.D. Hank 128, J.B. Hansen 42, P.H. Hansen 42,K. Hara 157, D. Harada 56, T. Harenberg 171, S. Harkusha 37, M.L. Harris 103,Y.T. Harris 126, J. Harrison 13, N.M. Harrison 119, P.F. Harrison167, N.M. Hartman 110,N.M. Hartmann 109, Y. Hasegawa 140, R. Hauser 107, C.M. Hawkes 20, R.J. Hawkings 36,Y. Hayashi 153, S. Hayashida 111, D. Hayden 107, C. Hayes 106, R.L. Hayes 114, C.P. Hays 126,J.M. Hays 94, H.S. Hayward 92, F. He 62a, M. He 14a,14e, Y. He 154, Y. He 48, Y. He 96,N.B. Heatley 94, V. Hedberg 98, A.L. Heggelund 125, N.D. Hehir 94,∗, C. Heidegger 54,K.K. Heidegger 54, W.D. Heidorn 81, J. Heilman 34, S. Heim 48, T. Heim 17a,J.G. Heinlein 128, J.J. Heinrich 123, L. Heinrich 110,af , J. Hejbal 131, A. Held 170,S. Hellesund 16, C.M. Helling 164, S. Hellman 47a,47b, R.C.W. Henderson91, L. Henkelmann 32,A.M. Henriques Correia36, H. Herde 98, Y. Hernández Jiménez 145, L.M. Herrmann 24,T. Herrmann 50, G. Herten 54, R. Hertenberger 109, L. Hervas 36, M.E. Hesping 100,N.P. Hessey 156a, E. Hill 155, S.J. Hillier 20, J.R. Hinds 107, F. Hinterkeuser 24, M. Hirose 124,S. Hirose 157, D. Hirschbuehl 171, T.G. Hitchings 101, B. Hiti 93, J. Hobbs 145,R. Hobincu 27e, N. Hod 169, M.C. Hodgkinson 139, B.H. Hodkinson 126, A. Hoecker 36,D.D. Hofer 106, J. Hofer 48, T. Holm 24, M. Holzbock 110, L.B.A.H. Hommels 32,B.P. Honan 101, J. Hong 62c, T.M. Hong 129, B.H. Hooberman 162, W.H. Hopkins 6,– 35 –JHEP10(2024)130Y. Horii 111, S. Hou 148, A.S. Howard 93, J. Howarth 59, J. Hoya 6, M. Hrabovsky 122,A. Hrynevich 48, T. Hryn’ova 4, P.J. Hsu 65, S.-C. Hsu 138, Q. Hu 62a, S. Huang 64b,X. Huang 14c, X. Huang 14a,14e, Y. Huang 139, Y. Huang 14a, Z. Huang 101, Z. Hubacek 132,M. Huebner 24, F. Huegging 24, T.B. Huffman 126, C.A. Hugli 48, M. Huhtinen 36,S.K. Huiberts 16, R. Hulsken 104, N. Huseynov 12, J. Huston 107, J. Huth 61,R. Hyneman 143, G. Iacobucci 56, G. Iakovidis 29, I. Ibragimov 141, L. Iconomidou-Fayard 66,J.P. Iddon 36, P. Iengo 72a,72b, R. Iguchi 153, T. Iizawa 126, Y. Ikegami 84, N. Ilic 155,H. Imam 35a, M. Ince Lezki 56, T. Ingebretsen Carlson 47a,47b, G. Introzzi 73a,73b,M. Iodice 77a, V. Ippolito 75a,75b, R.K. Irwin 92, M. Ishino 153, W. Islam 170, C. Issever 18,48,S. Istin 21a,al, H. Ito 168, R. Iuppa 78a,78b, A. Ivina 169, J.M. Izen 45, V. Izzo 72a,P. Jacka 131,132, P. Jackson 1, B.P. Jaeger 142, C.S. Jagfeld 109, G. Jain 156a, P. Jain 54,K. Jakobs 54, T. Jakoubek 169, J. Jamieson 59, K.W. Janas 86a, M. Javurkova 103,L. Jeanty 123, J. Jejelava 149a,ab, P. Jenni 54,g, C.E. Jessiman 34, C. Jia62b, J. Jia 145,X. Jia 61, X. Jia 14a,14e, Z. Jia 14c, S. Jiggins 48, J. Jimenez Pena 13, S. Jin 14c,A. Jinaru 27b, O. Jinnouchi 154, P. Johansson 139, K.A. Johns 7, J.W. Johnson 136,D.M. Jones 32, E. Jones 48, P. Jones 32, R.W.L. Jones 91, T.J. Jones 92, H.L. Joos 55,36,R. Joshi 119, J. Jovicevic 15, X. Ju 17a, J.J. Junggeburth 103, T. Junkermann 63a,A. Juste Rozas 13,u, M.K. Juzek 87, S. Kabana 137e, A. Kaczmarska 87, M. Kado 110,H. Kagan 119, M. Kagan 143, A. Kahn41, A. Kahn 128, C. Kahra 100, T. Kaji 153,E. Kajomovitz 150, N. Kakati 169, I. Kalaitzidou 54, C.W. Kalderon 29, N.J. Kang 136,D. Kar 33g, K. Karava 126, M.J. Kareem 156b, E. Karentzos 54, I. Karkanias 152,O. Karkout 114, S.N. Karpov 38, Z.M. Karpova 38, V. Kartvelishvili 91, A.N. Karyukhin 37,E. Kasimi 152, J. Katzy 48, S. Kaur 34, K. Kawade 140, M.P. Kawale 120, C. Kawamoto 88,T. Kawamoto 62a, E.F. Kay 36, F.I. Kaya 158, S. Kazakos 107, V.F. Kazanin 37, Y. Ke 145,J.M. Keaveney 33a, R. Keeler 165, G.V. Kehris 61, J.S. Keller 34, A.S. Kelly96,J.J. Kempster 146, P.D. Kennedy 100, O. Kepka 131, B.P. Kerridge 134, S. Kersten 171,B.P. Kerševan 93, S. Keshri 66, L. Keszeghova 28a, S. Ketabchi Haghighat 155, R.A. Khan 129,A. Khanov 121, A.G. Kharlamov 37, T. Kharlamova 37, E.E. Khoda 138, M. Kholodenko 37,T.J. Khoo 18, G. Khoriauli 166, J. Khubua 149b,∗, Y.A.R. Khwaira 66, B. Kibirige33g,A. Kilgallon 123, D.W. Kim 47a,47b, Y.K. Kim 39, N. Kimura 96, M.K. Kingston 55,A. Kirchhoff 55, C. Kirfel 24, F. Kirfel 24, J. Kirk 134, A.E. Kiryunin 110, C. Kitsaki 10,O. Kivernyk 24, M. Klassen 63a, C. Klein 34, L. Klein 166, M.H. Klein 44, S.B. Klein 56,U. Klein 92, P. Klimek 36, A. Klimentov 29, T. Klioutchnikova 36, P. Kluit 114, S. Kluth 110,E. Kneringer 79, T.M. Knight 155, A. Knue 49, R. Kobayashi 88, D. Kobylianskii 169,S.F. Koch 126, M. Kocian 143, P. Kodyš 133, D.M. Koeck 123, P.T. Koenig 24, T. Koffas 34,O. Kolay 50, I. Koletsou 4, T. Komarek 122, K. Köneke 54, A.X.Y. Kong 1, T. Kono 118,N. Konstantinidis 96, P. Kontaxakis 56, B. Konya 98, R. Kopeliansky 68, S. Koperny 86a,K. Korcyl 87, K. Kordas 152,e, A. Korn 96, S. Korn 55, I. Korolkov 13, N. Korotkova 37,B. Kortman 114, O. Kortner 110, S. Kortner 110, W.H. Kostecka 115, V.V. Kostyukhin 141,A. Kotsokechagia 135, A. Kotwal 51, A. Koulouris 36, A. Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi 73a,73b,C. Kourkoumelis 9, E. Kourlitis 110,af , O. Kovanda 123, R. Kowalewski 165, W. Kozanecki 135,A.S. Kozhin 37, V.A. Kramarenko 37, G. Kramberger 93, P. Kramer 100, M.W. Krasny 127,A. Krasznahorkay 36, J.W. Kraus 171, J.A. Kremer 48, T. Kresse 50, J. Kretzschmar 92,– 36 –JHEP10(2024)130K. Kreul 18, P. Krieger 155, S. Krishnamurthy 103, M. Krivos 133, K. Krizka 20,K. Kroeninger 49, H. Kroha 110, J. Kroll 131, J. Kroll 128, K.S. Krowpman 107,U. Kruchonak 38, H. Krüger 24, N. Krumnack81, M.C. Kruse 51, O. Kuchinskaia 37,S. Kuday 3a, S. Kuehn 36, R. Kuesters 54, T. Kuhl 48, V. Kukhtin 38, Y. Kulchitsky 37,a,S. Kuleshov 137d,137b, M. Kumar 33g, N. Kumari 48, P. Kumari 156b, A. Kupco 131, T. Kupfer49,A. Kupich 37, O. Kuprash 54, H. Kurashige 85, L.L. Kurchaninov 156a, O. Kurdysh 66,Y.A. Kurochkin 37, A. Kurova 37, M. Kuze 154, A.K. Kvam 103, J. Kvita 122, T. Kwan 104,N.G. Kyriacou 106, L.A.O. Laatu 102, C. Lacasta 163, F. Lacava 75a,75b, H. Lacker 18,D. Lacour 127, N.N. Lad 96, E. Ladygin 38, B. Laforge 127, T. Lagouri 27b, F.Z. Lahbabi 35a,S. Lai 55, I.K. Lakomiec 86a, N. Lalloue 60, J.E. Lambert 165, S. Lammers 68, W. Lampl 7,C. Lampoudis 152,e, G. Lamprinoudis100, A.N. Lancaster 115, E. Lançon 29, U. Landgraf 54,M.P.J. Landon 94, V.S. Lang 54, O.K.B. Langrekken 125, A.J. Lankford 159, F. Lanni 36,K. Lantzsch 24, A. Lanza 73a, A. Lapertosa 57b,57a, J.F. Laporte 135, T. Lari 71a,F. Lasagni Manghi 23b, M. Lassnig 36, V. Latonova 131, A. Laudrain 100, A. Laurier 150,S.D. Lawlor 139, Z. Lawrence 101, R. Lazaridou167, M. Lazzaroni 71a,71b, B. Le101,E.M. Le Boulicaut 51, B. Leban 93, A. Lebedev 81, M. LeBlanc 101, F. Ledroit-Guillon 60,A.C.A. Lee96, S.C. Lee 148, S. Lee 47a,47b, T.F. Lee 92, L.L. Leeuw 33c, H.P. Lefebvre 95,M. Lefebvre 165, C. Leggett 17a, G. Lehmann Miotto 36, M. Leigh 56, W.A. Leight 103,W. Leinonen 113, A. Leisos 152,t, M.A.L. Leite 83c, C.E. Leitgeb 18, R. Leitner 133,K.J.C. Leney 44, T. Lenz 24, S. Leone 74a, C. Leonidopoulos 52, A. Leopold 144, C. Leroy 108,R. Les 107, C.G. Lester 32, M. Levchenko 37, J. Levêque 4, L.J. Levinson 169,G. Levrini 23b,23a, M.P. Lewicki 87, D.J. Lewis 4, A. Li 5, B. Li 62b, C. Li62a, C-Q. Li 110,H. Li 62a, H. Li 62b, H. Li 14c, H. Li 14b, H. Li 62b, J. Li 62c, K. Li 138, L. Li 62c,M. Li 14a,14e, Q.Y. Li 62a, S. Li 14a,14e, S. Li 62d,62c,d, T. Li 5, X. Li 104, Z. Li 126,Z. Li 104, Z. Li 14a,14e, S. Liang 14a,14e, Z. Liang 14a, M. Liberatore 135, B. Liberti 76a,K. Lie 64c, J. Lieber Marin 83b, H. Lien 68, K. Lin 107, R.E. Lindley 7, J.H. Lindon 2,E. Lipeles 128, A. Lipniacka 16, A. Lister 164, J.D. Little 4, B. Liu 14a, B.X. Liu 142,D. Liu 62d,62c, J.B. Liu 62a, J.K.K. Liu 32, K. Liu 62d,62c, M. Liu 62a, M.Y. Liu 62a,P. Liu 14a, Q. Liu 62d,138,62c, X. Liu 62a, X. Liu 62b, Y. Liu 14d,14e, Y.L. Liu 62b,Y.W. Liu 62a, J. Llorente Merino 142, S.L. Lloyd 94, E.M. Lobodzinska 48, P. Loch 7,T. Lohse 18, K. Lohwasser 139, E. Loiacono 48, M. Lokajicek 131,∗, J.D. Lomas 20,J.D. Long 162, I. Longarini 159, L. Longo 70a,70b, R. Longo 162, I. Lopez Paz 67,A. Lopez Solis 48, N. Lorenzo Martinez 4, A.M. Lory 109, G. Löschcke Centeno 146,O. Loseva 37, X. Lou 47a,47b, X. Lou 14a,14e, A. Lounis 66, P.A. Love 91, G. Lu 14a,14e,M. Lu 80, S. Lu 128, Y.J. Lu 65, H.J. Lubatti 138, C. Luci 75a,75b, F.L. Lucio Alves 14c,F. Luehring 68, I. Luise 145, O. Lukianchuk 66, O. Lundberg 144, B. Lund-Jensen 144,∗,N.A. Luongo 6, M.S. Lutz 36, A.B. Lux 25, D. Lynn 29, R. Lysak 131, E. Lytken 98,V. Lyubushkin 38, T. Lyubushkina 38, M.M. Lyukova 145, H. Ma 29, K. Ma 62a, L.L. Ma 62b,W. Ma 62a, Y. Ma 121, D.M. Mac Donell 165, G. Maccarrone 53, J.C. MacDonald 100,P.C. Machado De Abreu Farias 83b, R. Madar 40, W.F. Mader 50, T. Madula 96, J. Maeda 85,T. Maeno 29, H. Maguire 139, V. Maiboroda 135, A. Maio 130a,130b,130d, K. Maj 86a,O. Majersky 48, S. Majewski 123, N. Makovec 66, V. Maksimovic 15, B. Malaescu 127,Pa. Malecki 87, V.P. Maleev 37, F. Malek 60,o, M. Mali 93, D. Malito 95, U. Mallik 80,∗,– 37 –JHEP10(2024)130S. Maltezos10, S. Malyukov38, J. Mamuzic 13, G. Mancini 53, M.N. Mancini 26,G. Manco 73a,73b, J.P. Mandalia 94, I. Mandić 93, L. Manhaes de Andrade Filho 83a,I.M. Maniatis 169, J. Manjarres Ramos 102,ac, D.C. Mankad 169, A. Mann 109, S. Manzoni 36,L. Mao 62c, X. Mapekula 33c, A. Marantis 152,t, G. Marchiori 5, M. Marcisovsky 131,C. Marcon 71a, M. Marinescu 20, S. Marium 48, M. Marjanovic 120, E.J. Marshall 91,Z. Marshall 17a, S. Marti-Garcia 163, T.A. Martin 167, V.J. Martin 52, B. Martin dit Latour 16,L. Martinelli 75a,75b, M. Martinez 13,u, P. Martinez Agullo 163, V.I. Martinez Outschoorn 103,P. Martinez Suarez 13, S. Martin-Haugh 134, V.S. Martoiu 27b, A.C. Martyniuk 96,A. Marzin 36, D. Mascione 78a,78b, L. Masetti 100, T. Mashimo 153, J. Masik 101,A.L. Maslennikov 37, P. Massarotti 72a,72b, P. Mastrandrea 74a,74b, A. Mastroberardino 43b,43a,T. Masubuchi 153, T. Mathisen 161, J. Matousek 133, N. Matsuzawa153, J. Maurer 27b,B. Maček 93, D.A. Maximov 37, R. Mazini 148, I. Maznas 115, M. Mazza 107, S.M. Mazza 136,E. Mazzeo 71a,71b, C. Mc Ginn 29, J.P. Mc Gowan 104, S.P. Mc Kee 106, C.C. McCracken 164,E.F. McDonald 105, A.E. McDougall 114, J.A. Mcfayden 146, R.P. McGovern 128,G. Mchedlidze 149b, R.P. Mckenzie 33g, T.C. Mclachlan 48, D.J. Mclaughlin 96,S.J. McMahon 134, C.M. Mcpartland 92, R.A. McPherson 165,y, S. Mehlhase 109, A. Mehta 92,D. Melini 163, B.R. Mellado Garcia 33g, A.H. Melo 55, F. Meloni 48,A.M. Mendes Jacques Da Costa 101, H.Y. Meng 155, L. Meng 91, S. Menke 110, M. Mentink 36,E. Meoni 43b,43a, G. Mercado 115, C. Merlassino 69a,69c, L. Merola 72a,72b, C. Meroni 71a,71b,J. Metcalfe 6, A.S. Mete 6, C. Meyer 68, J-P. Meyer 135, R.P. Middleton 134, L. Mijović 52,G. Mikenberg 169, M. Mikestikova 131, M. Mikuž 93, H. Mildner 100, A. Milic 36,D.W. Miller 39, E.H. Miller 143, L.S. Miller 34, A. Milov 169, D.A. Milstead47a,47b, T. Min14c,A.A. Minaenko 37, I.A. Minashvili 149b, L. Mince 59, A.I. Mincer 117, B. Mindur 86a,M. Mineev 38, Y. Mino 88, L.M. Mir 13, M. Miralles Lopez 59, M. Mironova 17a,A. Mishima153, M.C. Missio 113, A. Mitra 167, V.A. Mitsou 163, Y. Mitsumori 111, O. Miu 155,P.S. Miyagawa 94, T. Mkrtchyan 63a, M. Mlinarevic 96, T. Mlinarevic 96, M. Mlynarikova 36,S. Mobius 19, P. Mogg 109, M.H. Mohamed Farook 112, A.F. Mohammed 14a,14e,S. Mohapatra 41, G. Mokgatitswane 33g, L. Moleri 169, B. Mondal 141, S. Mondal 132,K. Mönig 48, E. Monnier 102, L. Monsonis Romero163, J. Montejo Berlingen 13, M. Montella 119,F. Montereali 77a,77b, F. Monticelli 90, S. Monzani 69a,69c, N. Morange 66,A.L. Moreira De Carvalho 130a, M. Moreno Llácer 163, C. Moreno Martinez 56, P. Morettini 57b,S. Morgenstern 36, M. Morii 61, M. Morinaga 153, F. Morodei 75a,75b, L. Morvaj 36,P. Moschovakos 36, B. Moser 36, M. Mosidze 149b, T. Moskalets 54, P. Moskvitina 113,J. Moss 31,l, A. Moussa 35d, E.J.W. Moyse 103, O. Mtintsilana 33g, S. Muanza 102,J. Mueller 129, D. Muenstermann 91, R. Müller 19, G.A. Mullier 161, A.J. Mullin32,J.J. Mullin128, D.P. Mungo 155, D. Munoz Perez 163, F.J. Munoz Sanchez 101, M. Murin 101,W.J. Murray 167,134, M. Muškinja 93, C. Mwewa 29, A.G. Myagkov 37,a, A.J. Myers 8,G. Myers 106, M. Myska 132, B.P. Nachman 17a, O. Nackenhorst 49, K. Nagai 126,K. Nagano 84, J.L. Nagle 29,aj , E. Nagy 102, A.M. Nairz 36, Y. Nakahama 84,K. Nakamura 84, K. Nakkalil 5, H. Nanjo 124, R. Narayan 44, E.A. Narayanan 112,I. Naryshkin 37, M. Naseri 34, S. Nasri 116b, C. Nass 24, G. Navarro 22a,J. Navarro-Gonzalez 163, R. Nayak 151, A. Nayaz 18, P.Y. Nechaeva 37, F. Nechansky 48,L. Nedic 126, T.J. Neep 20, A. Negri 73a,73b, M. Negrini 23b, C. Nellist 114, C. Nelson 104,– 38 –JHEP10(2024)130K. Nelson 106, S. Nemecek 131, M. Nessi 36,h, M.S. Neubauer 162, F. Neuhaus 100,J. Neundorf 48, R. Newhouse 164, P.R. Newman 20, C.W. Ng 129, Y.W.Y. Ng 48,B. Ngair 116a, H.D.N. Nguyen 108, R.B. Nickerson 126, R. Nicolaidou 135, J. Nielsen 136,M. Niemeyer 55, J. Niermann 55, N. Nikiforou 36, V. Nikolaenko 37,a, I. Nikolic-Audit 127,K. Nikolopoulos 20, P. Nilsson 29, I. Ninca 48, H.R. Nindhito 56, G. Ninio 151, A. Nisati 75a,N. Nishu 2, R. Nisius 110, J-E. Nitschke 50, E.K. Nkadimeng 33g, T. Nobe 153, D.L. Noel 32,T. Nommensen 147, M.B. Norfolk 139, R.R.B. Norisam 96, B.J. Norman 34, M. Noury 35a,J. Novak 93, T. Novak 48, L. Novotny 132, R. Novotny 112, L. Nozka 122, K. Ntekas 159,N.M.J. Nunes De Moura Junior 83b, J. Ocariz 127, A. Ochi 85, I. Ochoa 130a, S. Oerdek 48,v,J.T. Offermann 39, A. Ogrodnik 133, A. Oh 101, C.C. Ohm 144, H. Oide 84, R. Oishi 153,M.L. Ojeda 48, Y. Okumura 153, L.F. Oleiro Seabra 130a, S.A. Olivares Pino 137d,D. Oliveira Damazio 29, D. Oliveira Goncalves 83a, J.L. Oliver 159, Ö.O. Öncel 54,A.P. O’Neill 19, A. Onofre 130a,130e, P.U.E. Onyisi 11, M.J. Oreglia 39, G.E. Orellana 90,D. Orestano 77a,77b, N. Orlando 13, R.S. Orr 155, V. O’Shea 59, L.M. Osojnak 128,R. Ospanov 62a, G. Otero y Garzon 30, H. Otono 89, P.S. Ott 63a, G.J. Ottino 17a,M. Ouchrif 35d, F. Ould-Saada 125, M. Owen 59, R.E. Owen 134, K.Y. Oyulmaz 21a,V.E. Ozcan 21a, F. Ozturk 87, N. Ozturk 8, S. Ozturk 82, H.A. Pacey 126,A. Pacheco Pages 13, C. Padilla Aranda 13, G. Padovano 75a,75b, S. Pagan Griso 17a,G. Palacino 68, A. Palazzo 70a,70b, J. Pampel 24, J. Pan 172, T. Pan 64a, D.K. Panchal 11,C.E. Pandini 114, J.G. Panduro Vazquez 95, H.D. Pandya 1, H. Pang 14b, P. Pani 48,G. Panizzo 69a,69c, L. Panwar 127, L. Paolozzi 56, S. Parajuli 162, A. Paramonov 6,C. Paraskevopoulos 53, D. Paredes Hernandez 64b, A. Pareti 73a,73b, K.R. Park 41,T.H. Park 155, M.A. Parker 32, F. Parodi 57b,57a, E.W. Parrish 115, V.A. Parrish 52,J.A. Parsons 41, U. Parzefall 54, B. Pascual Dias 108, L. Pascual Dominguez 151,E. Pasqualucci 75a, S. Passaggio 57b, F. Pastore 95, P. Patel 87, U.M. Patel 51, J.R. Pater 101,T. Pauly 36, C.I. Pazos 158, J. Pearkes 143, M. Pedersen 125, R. Pedro 130a,S.V. Peleganchuk 37, O. Penc 36, E.A. Pender 52, G.D. Penn 172, K.E. Penski 109,M. Penzin 37, B.S. Peralva 83d, A.P. Pereira Peixoto 60, L. Pereira Sanchez 143,D.V. Perepelitsa 29,aj , E. Perez Codina 156a, M. Perganti 10, H. Pernegger 36, O. Perrin 40,K. Peters 48, R.F.Y. Peters 101, B.A. Petersen 36, T.C. Petersen 42, E. Petit 102,V. Petousis 132, C. Petridou 152,e, T. Petru 133, A. Petrukhin 141, M. Pettee 17a,N.E. Pettersson 36, A. Petukhov 37, K. Petukhova 133, R. Pezoa 137f , L. Pezzotti 36,G. Pezzullo 172, T.M. Pham 170, T. Pham 105, P.W. Phillips 134, G. Piacquadio 145,E. Pianori 17a, F. Piazza 123, R. Piegaia 30, D. Pietreanu 27b, A.D. Pilkington 101,M. Pinamonti 69a,69c, J.L. Pinfold 2, B.C. Pinheiro Pereira 130a, A.E. Pinto Pinoargote 100,135,L. Pintucci 69a,69c, K.M. Piper 146, A. Pirttikoski 56, D.A. Pizzi 34, L. Pizzimento 64b,A. Pizzini 114, M.-A. Pleier 29, V. Plesanovs54, V. Pleskot 133, E. Plotnikova38, G. Poddar 94,R. Poettgen 98, L. Poggioli 127, I. Pokharel 55, S. Polacek 133, G. Polesello 73a,A. Poley 142,156a, A. Polini 23b, C.S. Pollard 167, Z.B. Pollock 119, E. Pompa Pacchi 75a,75b,D. Ponomarenko 113, L. Pontecorvo 36, S. Popa 27a, G.A. Popeneciu 27d, A. Poreba 36,D.M. Portillo Quintero 156a, S. Pospisil 132, M.A. Postill 139, P. Postolache 27c,K. Potamianos 167, P.A. Potepa 86a, I.N. Potrap 38, C.J. Potter 32, H. Potti 1, T. Poulsen 48,J. Poveda 163, M.E. Pozo Astigarraga 36, A. Prades Ibanez 163, J. Pretel 54, D. Price 101,– 39 –JHEP10(2024)130M. Primavera 70a, M.A. Principe Martin 99, R. Privara 122, T. Procter 59, M.L. Proffitt 138,N. Proklova 128, K. Prokofiev 64c, G. Proto 110, J. Proudfoot 6, M. Przybycien 86a,W.W. Przygoda 86b, A. Psallidas 46, J.E. Puddefoot 139, D. Pudzha 37, D. Pyatiizbyantseva 37,J. Qian 106, D. Qichen 101, Y. Qin 101, T. Qiu 52, A. Quadt 55, M. Queitsch-Maitland 101,G. Quetant 56, R.P. Quinn 164, G. Rabanal Bolanos 61, D. Rafanoharana 54, F. Ragusa 71a,71b,J.L. Rainbolt 39, J.A. Raine 56, S. Rajagopalan 29, E. Ramakoti 37, I.A. Ramirez-Berend 34,K. Ran 48,14e, N.P. Rapheeha 33g, H. Rasheed 27b, V. Raskina 127, D.F. Rassloff 63a,A. Rastogi 17a, S. Rave 100, B. Ravina 55, I. Ravinovich 169, M. Raymond 36, A.L. Read 125,N.P. Readioff 139, D.M. Rebuzzi 73a,73b, G. Redlinger 29, A.S. Reed 110, K. Reeves 26,J.A. Reidelsturz 171, D. Reikher 151, A. Rej 49, C. Rembser 36, M. Renda 27b, M.B. Rendel110,F. Renner 48, A.G. Rennie 159, A.L. Rescia 48, S. Resconi 71a, M. Ressegotti 57b,57a,S. Rettie 36, J.G. Reyes Rivera 107, E. Reynolds 17a, O.L. Rezanova 37, P. Reznicek 133,H. Riani 35d, N. Ribaric 91, E. Ricci 78a,78b, R. Richter 110, S. Richter 47a,47b,E. Richter-Was 86b, M. Ridel 127, S. Ridouani 35d, P. Rieck 117, P. Riedler 36,E.M. Riefel 47a,47b, J.O. Rieger 114, M. Rijssenbeek 145, M. Rimoldi 36, L. Rinaldi 23b,23a,T.T. Rinn 29, M.P. Rinnagel 109, G. Ripellino 161, I. Riu 13, J.C. Rivera Vergara 165,F. Rizatdinova 121, E. Rizvi 94, B.R. Roberts 17a, S.H. Robertson 104,y, D. Robinson 32,C.M. Robles Gajardo137f , M. Robles Manzano 100, A. Robson 59, A. Rocchi 76a,76b,C. Roda 74a,74b, S. Rodriguez Bosca 36, Y. Rodriguez Garcia 22a, A. Rodriguez Rodriguez 54,A.M. Rodríguez Vera 156b, S. Roe36, J.T. Roemer 159, A.R. Roepe-Gier 136, J. Roggel 171,O. Røhne 125, R.A. Rojas 103, C.P.A. Roland 127, J. Roloff 29, A. Romaniouk 37,E. Romano 73a,73b, M. Romano 23b, A.C. Romero Hernandez 162, N. Rompotis 92, L. Roos 127,S. Rosati 75a, B.J. Rosser 39, E. Rossi 126, E. Rossi 72a,72b, L.P. Rossi 61, L. Rossini 54,R. Rosten 119, M. Rotaru 27b, B. Rottler 54, C. Rougier 102, D. Rousseau 66, D. Rousso 32,A. Roy 162, S. Roy-Garand 155, A. Rozanov 102, Z.M.A. Rozario 59, Y. Rozen 150,A. Rubio Jimenez 163, A.J. Ruby 92, V.H. Ruelas Rivera 18, T.A. Ruggeri 1, A. Ruggiero 126,A. Ruiz-Martinez 163, A. Rummler 36, Z. Rurikova 54, N.A. Rusakovich 38, H.L. Russell 165,G. Russo 75a,75b, J.P. Rutherfoord 7, S. Rutherford Colmenares 32, K. Rybacki91, M. Rybar 133,E.B. Rye 125, A. Ryzhov 44, J.A. Sabater Iglesias 56, P. Sabatini 163, H.F-W. Sadrozinski 136,F. Safai Tehrani 75a, B. Safarzadeh Samani 134, M. Safdari 143, S. Saha 165, M. Sahinsoy 110,A. Saibel 163, M. Saimpert 135, M. Saito 153, T. Saito 153, D. Salamani 36, A. Salnikov 143,J. Salt 163, A. Salvador Salas 151, D. Salvatore 43b,43a, F. Salvatore 146, A. Salzburger 36,D. Sammel 54, D. Sampsonidis 152,e, D. Sampsonidou 123, J. Sánchez 163,V. Sanchez Sebastian 163, H. Sandaker 125, C.O. Sander 48, J.A. Sandesara 103,M. Sandhoff 171, C. Sandoval 22b, D.P.C. Sankey 134, T. Sano 88, A. Sansoni 53,L. Santi 75a,75b, C. Santoni 40, H. Santos 130a,130b, A. Santra 169, K.A. Saoucha 160,J.G. Saraiva 130a,130d, J. Sardain 7, O. Sasaki 84, K. Sato 157, C. Sauer63b, F. Sauerburger 54,E. Sauvan 4, P. Savard 155,ah, R. Sawada 153, C. Sawyer 134, L. Sawyer 97,I. Sayago Galvan163, C. Sbarra 23b, A. Sbrizzi 23b,23a, T. Scanlon 96, J. Schaarschmidt 138,U. Schäfer 100, A.C. Schaffer 66,44, D. Schaile 109, R.D. Schamberger 145, C. Scharf 18,M.M. Schefer 19, V.A. Schegelsky 37, D. Scheirich 133, F. Schenck 18, M. Schernau 159,C. Scheulen 55, C. Schiavi 57b,57a, M. Schioppa 43b,43a, B. Schlag 143,n, K.E. Schleicher 54,S. Schlenker 36, J. Schmeing 171, M.A. Schmidt 171, K. Schmieden 100, C. Schmitt 100,– 40 –JHEP10(2024)130N. Schmitt 100, S. Schmitt 48, L. Schoeffel 135, A. Schoening 63b, P.G. Scholer 34,E. Schopf 126, M. Schott 100, J. Schovancova 36, S. Schramm 56, T. Schroer 56,H-C. Schultz-Coulon 63a, M. Schumacher 54, B.A. Schumm 136, Ph. Schune 135,A.J. Schuy 138, H.R. Schwartz 136, A. Schwartzman 143, T.A. Schwarz 106, Ph. Schwemling 135,R. Schwienhorst 107, A. Sciandra 136, G. Sciolla 26, F. Scuri 74a, C.D. Sebastiani 92,K. Sedlaczek 115, P. Seema 18, S.C. Seidel 112, A. Seiden 136, B.D. Seidlitz 41, C. Seitz 48,J.M. Seixas 83b, G. Sekhniaidze 72a, L. Selem 60, N. Semprini-Cesari 23b,23a, D. Sengupta 56,V. Senthilkumar 163, L. Serin 66, L. Serkin 69a,69b, M. Sessa 76a,76b, H. Severini 120,F. Sforza 57b,57a, A. Sfyrla 56, Q. Sha 14a, E. Shabalina 55, R. Shaheen 144,J.D. Shahinian 128, D. Shaked Renous 169, L.Y. Shan 14a, M. Shapiro 17a, A. Sharma 36,A.S. Sharma 164, P. Sharma 80, P.B. Shatalov 37, K. Shaw 146, S.M. Shaw 101,A. Shcherbakova 37, Q. Shen 62c,5, D.J. Sheppard 142, P. Sherwood 96, L. Shi 96, X. Shi 14a,C.O. Shimmin 172, J.D. Shinner 95, I.P.J. Shipsey 126, S. Shirabe 89, M. Shiyakova 38,w,J. Shlomi 169, M.J. Shochet 39, J. Shojaii 105, D.R. Shope 125, B. Shrestha 120,S. Shrestha 119,ak, E.M. Shrif 33g, M.J. Shroff 165, P. Sicho 131, A.M. Sickles 162,E. Sideras Haddad 33g, A. Sidoti 23b, F. Siegert 50, Dj. Sijacki 15, F. Sili 90, J.M. Silva 52,M.V. Silva Oliveira 29, S.B. Silverstein 47a, S. Simion66, R. Simoniello 36, E.L. Simpson 59,H. Simpson 146, L.R. Simpson 106, N.D. Simpson98, S. Simsek 82, S. Sindhu 55, P. Sinervo 155,S. Singh 155, S. Sinha 48, S. Sinha 101, M. Sioli 23b,23a, I. Siral 36, E. Sitnikova 48,J. Sjölin 47a,47b, A. Skaf 55, E. Skorda 20, P. Skubic 120, M. Slawinska 87, V. Smakhtin169,B.H. Smart 134, S.Yu. Smirnov 37, Y. Smirnov 37, L.N. Smirnova 37,a, O. Smirnova 98,A.C. Smith 41, E.A. Smith 39, H.A. Smith 126, J.L. Smith 92, R. Smith143, M. Smizanska 91,K. Smolek 132, A.A. Snesarev 37, S.R. Snider 155, H.L. Snoek 114, S. Snyder 29,R. Sobie 165,y, A. Soffer 151, C.A. Solans Sanchez 36, E.Yu. Soldatov 37, U. Soldevila 163,A.A. Solodkov 37, S. Solomon 26, A. Soloshenko 38, K. Solovieva 54, O.V. Solovyanov 40,V. Solovyev 37, P. Sommer 36, A. Sonay 13, W.Y. Song 156b, A. Sopczak 132, A.L. Sopio 96,F. Sopkova 28b, J.D. Sorenson 112, I.R. Sotarriva Alvarez 154, V. Sothilingam63a,O.J. Soto Sandoval 137c,137b, S. Sottocornola 68, R. Soualah 160, Z. Soumaimi 35e, D. South 48,N. Soybelman 169, S. Spagnolo 70a,70b, M. Spalla 110, D. Sperlich 54, G. Spigo 36,S. Spinali 91, D.P. Spiteri 59, M. Spousta 133, E.J. Staats 34, R. Stamen 63a, A. Stampekis 20,M. Standke 24, E. Stanecka 87, M.V. Stange 50, B. Stanislaus 17a, M.M. Stanitzki 48,B. Stapf 48, E.A. Starchenko 37, G.H. Stark 136, J. Stark 102,ac, P. Staroba 131,P. Starovoitov 63a, S. Stärz 104, R. Staszewski 87, G. Stavropoulos 46, J. Steentoft 161,P. Steinberg 29, B. Stelzer 142,156a, H.J. Stelzer 129, O. Stelzer-Chilton 156a, H. Stenzel 58,T.J. Stevenson 146, G.A. Stewart 36, J.R. Stewart 121, M.C. Stockton 36, G. Stoicea 27b,M. Stolarski 130a, S. Stonjek 110, A. Straessner 50, J. Strandberg 144, S. Strandberg 47a,47b,M. Stratmann 171, M. Strauss 120, T. Strebler 102, P. Strizenec 28b, R. Ströhmer 166,D.M. Strom 123, R. Stroynowski 44, A. Strubig 47a,47b, S.A. Stucci 29, B. Stugu 16,J. Stupak 120, N.A. Styles 48, D. Su 143, S. Su 62a, W. Su 62d, X. Su 62a, K. Sugizaki 153,V.V. Sulin 37, M.J. Sullivan 92, D.M.S. Sultan 126, L. Sultanaliyeva 37, S. Sultansoy 3b,T. Sumida 88, S. Sun 106, S. Sun 170, O. Sunneborn Gudnadottir 161, N. Sur 102,M.R. Sutton 146, H. Suzuki 157, M. Svatos 131, M. Swiatlowski 156a, T. Swirski 166,I. Sykora 28a, M. Sykora 133, T. Sykora 133, D. Ta 100, K. Tackmann 48,v, A. Taffard 159,– 41 –JHEP10(2024)130R. Tafirout 156a, J.S. Tafoya Vargas 66, Y. Takubo 84, M. Talby 102, A.A. Talyshev 37,K.C. Tam 64b, N.M. Tamir151, A. Tanaka 153, J. Tanaka 153, R. Tanaka 66,M. Tanasini 57b,57a, Z. Tao 164, S. Tapia Araya 137f , S. Tapprogge 100,A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed 107, S. Tarem 150, K. Tariq 14a, G. Tarna 102,27b,G.F. Tartarelli 71a, P. Tas 133, M. Tasevsky 131, E. Tassi 43b,43a, A.C. Tate 162,G. Tateno 153, Y. Tayalati 35e,x, G.N. Taylor 105, W. Taylor 156b, A.S. Tee 170,R. Teixeira De Lima 143, P. Teixeira-Dias 95, J.J. Teoh 155, K. Terashi 153, J. Terron 99,S. Terzo 13, M. Testa 53, R.J. Teuscher 155,y, A. Thaler 79, O. Theiner 56,N. Themistokleous 52, T. Theveneaux-Pelzer 102, O. Thielmann 171, D.W. Thomas95,J.P. Thomas 20, E.A. Thompson 17a, P.D. Thompson 20, E. Thomson 128, Y. Tian 55,V. Tikhomirov 37,a, Yu.A. Tikhonov 37, S. Timoshenko37, D. Timoshyn 133, E.X.L. Ting 1,P. Tipton 172, S.H. Tlou 33g, A. Tnourji 40, K. Todome 154, S. Todorova-Nova 133, S. Todt50,M. Togawa 84, J. Tojo 89, S. Tokár 28a, K. Tokushuku 84, O. Toldaiev 68, R. Tombs 32,M. Tomoto 84,111, L. Tompkins 143,n, K.W. Topolnicki 86b, E. Torrence 123, H. Torres 102,ac,E. Torró Pastor 163, M. Toscani 30, C. Tosciri 39, M. Tost 11, D.R. Tovey 139, A. Traeet16,I.S. Trandafir 27b, T. Trefzger 166, A. Tricoli 29, I.M. Trigger 156a, S. Trincaz-Duvoid 127,D.A. Trischuk 26, B. Trocmé 60, L. Truong 33c, M. Trzebinski 87, A. Trzupek 87, F. Tsai 145,M. Tsai 106, A. Tsiamis 152,e, P.V. Tsiareshka37, S. Tsigaridas 156a, A. Tsirigotis 152,t,V. Tsiskaridze 155, E.G. Tskhadadze 149a, M. Tsopoulou 152, Y. Tsujikawa 88,I.I. Tsukerman 37, V. Tsulaia 17a, S. Tsuno 84, K. Tsuri 118, D. Tsybychev 145, Y. Tu 64b,A. Tudorache 27b, V. Tudorache 27b, A.N. Tuna 61, S. Turchikhin 57b,57a, I. Turk Cakir 3a,R. Turra 71a, T. Turtuvshin 38,z, P.M. Tuts 41, S. Tzamarias 152,e, P. Tzanis 10,E. Tzovara 100, F. Ukegawa 157, P.A. Ulloa Poblete 137c,137b, E.N. Umaka 29, G. Unal 36,M. Unal 11, A. Undrus 29, G. Unel 159, J. Urban 28b, P. Urquijo 105, P. Urrejola 137a,G. Usai 8, R. Ushioda 154, M. Usman 108, Z. Uysal 82, V. Vacek 132, B. Vachon 104,K.O.H. Vadla 125, T. Vafeiadis 36, A. Vaitkus 96, C. Valderanis 109, E. Valdes Santurio 47a,47b,M. Valente 156a, S. Valentinetti 23b,23a, A. Valero 163, E. Valiente Moreno 163, A. Vallier 102,ac,J.A. Valls Ferrer 163, D.R. Van Arneman 114, T.R. Van Daalen 138, A. Van Der Graaf 49,P. Van Gemmeren 6, M. Van Rijnbach 125, S. Van Stroud 96, I. Van Vulpen 114,M. Vanadia 76a,76b, W. Vandelli 36, E.R. Vandewall 121, D. Vannicola 151, L. Vannoli 57b,57a,R. Vari 75a, E.W. Varnes 7, C. Varni 17b, T. Varol 148, D. Varouchas 66, L. Varriale 163,K.E. Varvell 147, M.E. Vasile 27b, L. Vaslin84, G.A. Vasquez 165, A. Vasyukov 38, R. Vavricka100,F. Vazeille 40, T. Vazquez Schroeder 36, J. Veatch 31, V. Vecchio 101, M.J. Veen 103,I. Veliscek 126, L.M. Veloce 155, F. Veloso 130a,130c, S. Veneziano 75a, A. Ventura 70a,70b,S. Ventura Gonzalez 135, A. Verbytskyi 110, M. Verducci 74a,74b, C. Vergis 24,M. Verissimo De Araujo 83b, W. Verkerke 114, J.C. Vermeulen 114, C. Vernieri 143,M. Vessella 103, M.C. Vetterli 142,ah, A. Vgenopoulos 152,e, N. Viaux Maira 137f , T. Vickey 139,O.E. Vickey Boeriu 139, G.H.A. Viehhauser 126, L. Vigani 63b, M. Villa 23b,23a,M. Villaplana Perez 163, E.M. Villhauer52, E. Vilucchi 53, M.G. Vincter 34, G.S. Virdee 20,A. Vishwakarma 52, A. Visibile114, C. Vittori 36, I. Vivarelli 23b,23a, E. Voevodina 110,F. Vogel 109, J.C. Voigt 50, P. Vokac 132, Yu. Volkotrub 86a, J. Von Ahnen 48,E. Von Toerne 24, B. Vormwald 36, V. Vorobel 133, K. Vorobev 37, M. Vos 163, K. Voss 141,M. Vozak 114, L. Vozdecky 120, N. Vranjes 15, M. Vranjes Milosavljevic 15, M. Vreeswijk 114,– 42 –JHEP10(2024)130N.K. Vu 62d,62c, R. Vuillermet 36, O. Vujinovic 100, I. Vukotic 39, S. Wada 157, C. Wagner103,J.M. Wagner 17a, W. Wagner 171, S. Wahdan 171, H. Wahlberg 90, M. Wakida 111,J. Walder 134, R. Walker 109, W. Walkowiak 141, A. Wall 128, E.J. Wallin 98, T. Wamorkar 6,A.Z. Wang 136, C. Wang 100, C. Wang 11, H. Wang 17a, J. Wang 64c, R.-J. Wang 100,R. Wang 61, R. Wang 6, S.M. Wang 148, S. Wang 62b, T. Wang 62a, W.T. Wang 80,W. Wang 14a, X. Wang 14c, X. Wang 162, X. Wang 62c, Y. Wang 62d, Y. Wang 14c,Z. Wang 106, Z. Wang 62d,51,62c, Z. Wang 106, A. Warburton 104, R.J. Ward 20,N. Warrack 59, S. Waterhouse 95, A.T. Watson 20, H. Watson 59, M.F. Watson 20,E. Watton 59,134, G. Watts 138, B.M. Waugh 96, C. Weber 29, H.A. Weber 18, M.S. Weber 19,S.M. Weber 63a, C. Wei 62a, Y. Wei 126, A.R. Weidberg 126, E.J. Weik 117, J. Weingarten 49,M. Weirich 100, C. Weiser 54, C.J. Wells 48, T. Wenaus 29, B. Wendland 49, T. Wengler 36,N.S. Wenke110, N. Wermes 24, M. Wessels 63a, A.M. Wharton 91, A.S. White 61, A. White 8,M.J. White 1, D. Whiteson 159, L. Wickremasinghe 124, W. Wiedenmann 170, M. Wielers 134,C. Wiglesworth 42, D.J. Wilbern120, H.G. Wilkens 36, D.M. Williams 41, H.H. Williams128,S. Williams 32, S. Willocq 103, B.J. Wilson 101, P.J. Windischhofer 39, F.I. Winkel 30,F. Winklmeier 123, B.T. Winter 54, J.K. Winter 101, M. Wittgen143, M. Wobisch 97,Z. Wolffs 114, J. Wollrath159, M.W. Wolter 87, H. Wolters 130a,130c, E.L. Woodward 41,S.D. Worm 48, B.K. Wosiek 87, K.W. Woźniak 87, S. Wozniewski 55, K. Wraight 59,C. Wu 20, M. Wu 14d, M. Wu 113, S.L. Wu 170, X. Wu 56, Y. Wu 62a, Z. Wu 135,J. Wuerzinger 110,af , T.R. Wyatt 101, B.M. Wynne 52, S. Xella 42, L. Xia 14c, M. Xia 14b,J. Xiang 64c, M. Xie 62a, X. Xie 62a, S. Xin 14a,14e, A. Xiong 123, J. Xiong 17a, D. Xu 14a,H. Xu 62a, L. Xu 62a, R. Xu 128, T. Xu 106, Y. Xu 14b, Z. Xu 52, Z. Xu14c, B. Yabsley 147,S. Yacoob 33a, Y. Yamaguchi 154, E. Yamashita 153, H. Yamauchi 157, T. Yamazaki 17a,Y. Yamazaki 85, J. Yan62c, S. Yan 59, Z. Yan 103, H.J. Yang 62c,62d, H.T. Yang 62a,S. Yang 62a, T. Yang 64c, X. Yang 36, X. Yang 14a, Y. Yang 44, Y. Yang62a, Z. Yang 62a,W-M. Yao 17a, H. Ye 14c, H. Ye 55, J. Ye 14a, S. Ye 29, X. Ye 62a, Y. Yeh 96,I. Yeletskikh 38, B. Yeo 17b, M.R. Yexley 96, P. Yin 41, K. Yorita 168, S. Younas 27b,C.J.S. Young 36, C. Young 143, C. Yu 14a,14e, Y. Yu 62a, M. Yuan 106, R. Yuan 62b,L. Yue 96, M. Zaazoua 62a, B. Zabinski 87, E. Zaid52, Z.K. Zak 87, T. Zakareishvili 163,N. Zakharchuk 34, S. Zambito 56, J.A. Zamora Saa 137d,137b, J. Zang 153, D. Zanzi 54,O. Zaplatilek 132, C. Zeitnitz 171, H. Zeng 14a, J.C. Zeng 162, D.T. Zenger Jr 26, O. Zenin 37,T. Ženiš 28a, S. Zenz 94, S. Zerradi 35a, D. Zerwas 66, M. Zhai 14a,14e, D.F. Zhang 139,J. Zhang 62b, J. Zhang 6, K. Zhang 14a,14e, L. Zhang 14c, P. Zhang 14a,14e, R. Zhang 170,S. Zhang 106, S. Zhang 44, T. Zhang 153, X. Zhang 62c, X. Zhang 62b, Y. Zhang 62c,5,Y. Zhang 96, Y. Zhang 14c, Z. Zhang 17a, Z. Zhang 66, H. Zhao 138, T. Zhao 62b,Y. Zhao 136, Z. Zhao 62a, A. Zhemchugov 38, J. Zheng 14c, K. Zheng 162, X. Zheng 62a,Z. Zheng 143, D. Zhong 162, B. Zhou 106, H. Zhou 7, N. Zhou 62c, Y. Zhou 14c, Y. Zhou7,C.G. Zhu 62b, J. Zhu 106, Y. Zhu 62c, Y. Zhu 62a, X. Zhuang 14a, K. Zhukov 37,N.I. Zimine 38, J. Zinsser 63b, M. Ziolkowski 141, L. Živković 15, A. Zoccoli 23b,23a,K. Zoch 61, T.G. Zorbas 139, O. Zormpa 46, W. Zou 41, L. Zwalinski 361Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide; Australia2Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB; Canada– 43 –JHEP10(2024)1303 (a)Department of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara;(b)Division of Physics, TOBB University ofEconomics and Technology, Ankara; Türkiye4 LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy; France5APC, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris; France6High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL; United States of America7Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ; United States of America8Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington TX; United States of America9 Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens; Greece10 Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou; Greece11Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX; United States of America12 Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku; Azerbaijan13 Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona;Spain14 (a)Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing;(b)Physics Department,Tsinghua University, Beijing;(c)Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing;(d)School of Science,Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University;(e)University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS),Beijing; China15 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade; Serbia16Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen; Norway17 (a)Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley CA;(b)University of California,Berkeley CA; United States of America18 Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin; Germany19Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University ofBern, Bern; Switzerland20 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; United Kingdom21 (a)Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul;(b)Department of Physics Engineering, GaziantepUniversity, Gaziantep;(c)Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Istanbul; Türkiye22 (a)Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes, Universidad Antonio Nariño,Bogotá;(b)Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá; Colombia23 (a)Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia A. Righi, Università di Bologna, Bologna;(b)INFN Sezione diBologna; Italy24 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn; Germany25Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston MA; United States of America26Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham MA; United States of America27 (a)Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov;(b)Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and NuclearEngineering, Bucharest;(c)Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi;(d)NationalInstitute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Physics Department,Cluj-Napoca;(e)National University of Science and Technology Politechnica, Bucharest;(f)West Universityin Timisoara, Timisoara;(g)Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest; Romania28 (a)Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava;(b)Department ofSubnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice; SlovakRepublic29 Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY; United States of America30Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, yCONICET, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Buenos Aires; Argentina31California State University, CA; United States of America32Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge; United Kingdom33 (a)Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town;(b)iThemba Labs, WesternCape;(c)Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg,Johannesburg;(d)National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman(Philippines);(e)University of South Africa, Department of Physics, Pretoria;(f)University of Zululand,KwaDlangezwa;(g)School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; South Africa34Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa ON; Canada– 44 –JHEP10(2024)13035 (a)Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca;(b)Faculté des Sciences, UniversitéIbn-Tofail, Kénitra;(c)Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech;(d)LPMR,Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda;(e)Faculté des sciences, Université MohammedV, Rabat;(f)Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir; Morocco36CERN, Geneva; Switzerland37Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN38Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN39 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL; United States of America40 LPC, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand; France41Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington NY; United States of America42Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen; Denmark43 (a)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende;(b)INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza,Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati; Italy44 Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas TX; United States of America45 Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX; United States of America46National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi; Greece47 (a)Department of Physics, Stockholm University;(b)Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm; Sweden48Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen; Germany49 Fakultät Physik , Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund; Germany50 Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden; Germany51Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC; United States of America52 SUPA — School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh; United Kingdom53 INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati; Italy54 Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg; Germany55 II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen; Germany56Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Genève; Switzerland57 (a)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Genova;(b)INFN Sezione di Genova; Italy58 II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen; Germany59 SUPA — School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; United Kingdom60 LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble INP, Grenoble; France61 Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA; United States ofAmerica62 (a)Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei;(b)Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Scienceand Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University,Qingdao;(c)School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for ParticleAstrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), SKLPPC, Shanghai;(d)Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai;(e)Schoolof Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University; China63 (a)Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg;(b)PhysikalischesInstitut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Germany64 (a)Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong;(b)Department ofPhysics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;(c)Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study,Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; China65Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu; Taiwan66 IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405, Orsay; France67Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (IMB-CNM-CSIC), Barcelona; Spain68Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington IN; United States of America69 (a)INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine;(b)ICTP, Trieste;(c)DipartimentoPolitecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Udine, Udine; Italy70 (a)INFN Sezione di Lecce;(b)Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università del Salento, Lecce; Italy71 (a)INFN Sezione di Milano;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milano; Italy72 (a)INFN Sezione di Napoli;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli; Italy73 (a)INFN Sezione di Pavia;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia; Italy– 45 –JHEP10(2024)13074 (a)INFN Sezione di Pisa;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa, Pisa; Italy75 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma; Italy76 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata;(b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma;Italy77 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma Tre;(b)Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Roma; Italy78 (a)INFN-TIFPA;(b)Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento; Italy79Universität Innsbruck, Department of Astro and Particle Physics, Innsbruck; Austria80University of Iowa, Iowa City IA; United States of America81Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames IA; United States of America82 Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul; Türkiye83 (a)Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz deFora;(b)Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro;(c)Instituto de Física,Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo;(d)Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro; Brazil84KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba; Japan85Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe; Japan86 (a)AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow;(b)MarianSmoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Poland87 Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow; Poland88 Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto; Japan89Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka;Japan90 Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata; Argentina91 Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster; United Kingdom92Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; United Kingdom93Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics,University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana; Slovenia94 School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London; United Kingdom95Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham; United Kingdom96Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London; United Kingdom97 Louisiana Tech University, Ruston LA; United States of America98 Fysiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, Lund; Sweden99Departamento de Física Teorica C-15 and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; Spain100 Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz; Germany101 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester; United Kingdom102CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille; France103Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA; United States of America104Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal QC; Canada105 School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria; Australia106Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI; United States of America107Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI; United States ofAmerica108Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal QC; Canada109 Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München; Germany110Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), München; Germany111Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya; Japan112Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM; United States ofAmerica113 Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University/Nikhef, Nijmegen;Netherlands114Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Netherlands115Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb IL; United States of America116 (a)New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi;(b)United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain; United ArabEmirates– 46 –JHEP10(2024)130117Department of Physics, New York University, New York NY; United States of America118Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo; Japan119Ohio State University, Columbus OH; United States of America120Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK; UnitedStates of America121Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK; United States of America122 Palacký University, Joint Laboratory of Optics, Olomouc; Czech Republic123 Institute for Fundamental Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR; United States of America124Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka; Japan125Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo; Norway126Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford; United Kingdom127 LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris; France128Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA; United States of America129Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA; United States of America130 (a)Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas — LIP, Lisboa;(b)Departamento deFísica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa;(c)Departamento de Física, Universidade deCoimbra, Coimbra;(d)Centro de Física Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa;(e)Departamento deFísica, Universidade do Minho, Braga;(f)Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad deGranada, Granada (Spain);(g)Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa,Lisboa; Portugal131 Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague; Czech Republic132Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague; Czech Republic133Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague; Czech Republic134 Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot; United Kingdom135 IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette; France136 Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz CA; UnitedStates of America137 (a)Departamento de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago;(b)Millennium Institute forSubatomic physics at high energy frontier (SAPHIR), Santiago;(c)Instituto de InvestigaciónMultidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología, y Departamento de Física, Universidad de LaSerena;(d)Universidad Andres Bello, Department of Physics, Santiago;(e)Instituto de Alta Investigación,Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica;(f)Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María,Valparaíso; Chile138Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle WA; United States of America139Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield; United Kingdom140Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano; Japan141Department Physik, Universität Siegen, Siegen; Germany142Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC; Canada143 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford CA; United States of America144Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm; Sweden145Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY; United States ofAmerica146Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton; United Kingdom147 School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney; Australia148 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei; Taiwan149 (a)E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi;(b)High EnergyPhysics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi;(c)University of Georgia, Tbilisi; Georgia150Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa; Israel151Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv; Israel152Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki; Greece153 International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo,Tokyo; Japan154Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo; Japan– 47 –JHEP10(2024)130155Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto ON; Canada156 (a)TRIUMF, Vancouver BC;(b)Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto ON;Canada157Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and AppliedSciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba; Japan158Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford MA; United States of America159Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA; United States ofAmerica160University of Sharjah, Sharjah; United Arab Emirates161Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala; Sweden162Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana IL; United States of America163 Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia — CSIC, Valencia; Spain164Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC; Canada165Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria BC; Canada166 Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg; Germany167Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry; United Kingdom168Waseda University, Tokyo; Japan169Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot; Israel170Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI; United States of America171 Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal,Wuppertal; Germany172Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven CT; United States of AmericaaAlso Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERNbAlso at An-Najah National University, Nablus; PalestinecAlso at Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York NY; UnitedStates of AmericadAlso at Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University; ChinaeAlso at Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki; Greecef Also at Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi; ItalygAlso at CERN, Geneva; SwitzerlandhAlso at Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Genève; SwitzerlandiAlso at Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Spainj Also at Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios; GreecekAlso at Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva; IsraellAlso at Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento; United States of AmericamAlso at Department of Physics, King’s College London, London; United KingdomnAlso at Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA; United States of AmericaoAlso at Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University; South AfricapAlso at Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg; SwitzerlandqAlso at Department of Physics, University of Thessaly; GreecerAlso at Department of Physics, Westmont College, Santa Barbara; United States of AmericasAlso at Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia; BulgariatAlso at Hellenic Open University, Patras; GreeceuAlso at Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona; SpainvAlso at Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg; GermanywAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy ofSciences, Sofia; BulgariaxAlso at Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir; MoroccoyAlso at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP); CanadazAlso at Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar; MongoliaaaAlso at Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku; AzerbaijanabAlso at Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi; GeorgiaacAlso at L2IT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS/IN2P3, UPS, Toulouse; France– 48 –JHEP10(2024)130adAlso at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore; United States of AmericaaeAlso at National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman (Philippines); Philippinesaf Also at Technical University of Munich, Munich; GermanyagAlso at The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing; ChinaahAlso at TRIUMF, Vancouver BC; CanadaaiAlso at Università di Napoli Parthenope, Napoli; Italyaj Also at University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Physics, Colorado; United States of AmericaakAlso at Washington College, Chestertown, MD; United States of AmericaalAlso at Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul; Türkiye∗Deceased– 49 –
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Hadron-Hadron Scattering
Particle and Resonance Production
Search for heavy resonances in final states with four leptons and missing transverse momentum or jets in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
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