Critical Periods in Speech Perception : New Directions
department or school: Arts, Faculty of
department or school: Non UBC
department or school: Psychology, Department of
data provider: DSpace
identifier citation: Werker, J.F., & Hensch, T.K. (2015). Critical Periods in Speech Perception: New Directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 173-196.
creator: Werker, Janet Feldman, 1951-
creator: Hensch, Takao K., 1966-
issued: 2020-01-06T21:23:13Z
issued: 2015-01
description: A continuing debate in language acquisition research is whether there are Critical Periods (CPs) in development during which the system is most responsive to environmental input. Recent advances in neurobiology provide a mechanistic explanation of CPs, with the balance between excitatory and inhibitory processes establishing the onset and molecular brakes establishing the offset of windows of plasticity. In this chapter we review the literature on human speech perception development within the context of this CP model, highlighting research that reveals the interplay of maturational and experiential influences at key junctures in development and presenting paradigmatic examples testing CP models in human subjects. We conclude with a discussion of how a mechanistic understanding of CP processes changes the nature of the debate: the question is no longer “are there CPs”, but rather what processes open them, keep them open, close them, or allow them to be reopened.
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/73139
note: Critical Periods in Speech Perception: New Directions Janet F. Werker University of British Columbia Department of Psychology jwerker@psych.ubc.ca Takao K. Hensch Harvard University Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology hensch@mcb.harvard.edu Running Title: CRITICAL PERIODS SPEECH PERCEPTION Corresponding Author: Janet F. Werker University of British Columba Department of Psychology 2136 West Mall Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 (604) 822-6741 (Office)(604) 822-6408 (Lab)jwerker@psych.ubc.caThis is the first-submitted version of the manuscript Critical Periods in Speech Perception: New Directions [https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015104)], prior to peer-review. Posted with permission from the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 66 © by Annual Reviews, http://www.annualreviews.orgCRITICAL PERIODS SPEECH PERCEPTION Page 2 of 50 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTIONII. CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION OF CRITICAL PERIODSIII. BIOLOGICAL DEFINITION OF CRITICAL PERIODSIV. CRITICAL PERIODS IN SPEECH PERCEPTIONPhoneme Perception Audio-Visual Matching and Integration V. PROBING LANGUAGE CRITICAL PERIODSShifting Onset Timing Early Enrichment: Bilingual Experience Early Deprivation: Deafness and Cochlear Implants VI. LASTING IMPACT OF CRITICAL PERIOD DEVELOPMENTLater Language Acquisition Perceptual “Savings” VII. REOPENING CRITICAL PERIODSVIII. CONCLUSIONS & FUTURE DIRECTIONSCRITICAL PERIODS SPEECH PERCEPTION Page 3 of 50 Abstract A continuing debate in language acquisition research is whether there are Critical Periods (CPs) in development during which the system is most responsive to environmental input. Recent advances in neurobiology provide a mechanistic explanation of CPs, with the balance between excitatory and inhibitory processes establishing the onset and molecular brakes establishing the offset of windows of plasticity. In this chapter we review the literature on human speech perception development within the context of this CP model, highlighting research that reveals t…
has type: Article
has type: Preprint
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0387505
language: eng
peer review status: Reviewed
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: Annual Reviews
publisher DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015104
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Faculty
subject: Infancy
subject: Language acquisition
subject: Attention
subject: GABA
subject: Parvalbumin
subject: Perineuronal net
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/73139