Indigenous cardiovascular health : assessing disease, risk factors, and patient care
department or school: Medicine, Faculty of
department or school: Medicine, Department of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: McCallum, Rylan Kevin
issued: 2024-05-03T08:18:24Z
issued: 2024
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Background: Indigenous Peoples are extremely diverse and have unique cultural and social histories that have allowed them to remain resilient through decades of colonialism aimed to disrupt the health of their communities. Chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality and disproportionately impacts Indigenous populations. In high income countries, such as Canada, Indigenous populations experience ASCVD rates 1.5 to 2.5 times higher than their non-Indigenous counterparts. There are several factors which contribute to this disproportionate burden of ASCVD, including systematic racism and discrimination in healthcare, however, social determinants of health, such as these, are often overlooked when designing and implementing healthcare strategies in the current western-based medical system. Methods: To generate background knowledge, we conducted a comprehensive narrative review examining existing studies and grey literature on the prevalence of ASCVD in Indigenous populations in Canada and discuss recommendations for future addressment strategies (Chapter 1). To understand major risk factors for ASCVD, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis estimating the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Indigenous populations (Chapter 2). Addressing the need to understand how Indigenous patients view equitable cardiovascular care, we conducted a prospective observational study assessing the cardiovascular care of Indigenous patients with premature ASCVD (Chapter 3). Results: Our findings reveal significantly higher rates of ASCVD in Indigenous populations compared to non-Indigenous populations. While hypercholesterolemia and familial hypercholesterolemia, significant risk factors for ASCVD, were found to be inadequately studied in Indigenous populations, we estimated the pooled-prevalence of hypercholesterolemia to be 28.9%, demonstrating it is extremely common in Indigenou…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/88167
note: INDIGENOUS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: ASSESSING DISEASE, RISK FACTORS, AND PATIENT CARE by Rylan Kevin McCallum B.Sc., The University of British Columbia, 2021 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Experimental Medicine) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) April 2024 © Rylan Kevin McCallum, 2024 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the thesis entitled: INDIGENOUS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: ASSESSING DISEASE, RISK FACTORS, AND PATIENT CARE___________________________________________________________ Submitted by Rylan Kevin McCallum in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of __Master of Science__________________________________________________ in __Experimental Medicine______________________________________________ Examining Committee Dr. Liam Brunham, Associate Professor, General Internal Medicine Division, UBC___________ Supervisor Dr. Jacques Genest, Professor, Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University______ Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Laura Arbour, Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, UBC_______________________ Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Kimberly Huyser, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, UBC_________________ Additional Examiner iii Abstract Background: Indigenous Peoples are extremely diverse and have unique cultural and social histories that have allowed them to remain resilient through decades of colonialism aimed to disrupt the health of their communities. Chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality and disproportionately impacts Indigenous populations. In high income countries, such as Canada, Indigenous populations experience ASCVD rates 1.5 to 2.5 times higher than their non-Indigenous co…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2024-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0442094
language: eng
degree discipline: Experimental Medicine
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Brunham, Liam
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/88167