Evaluation of anti-pertussis immunogenicity in infants and children after immunization in pregnancy with tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine
department or school: Medicine, Faculty of
department or school: Medicine, Department of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: Amaral, Kyle
issued: 2025-04-30T07:00:00Z
issued: 2024
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Pertussis disease is most severe in young infants. Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine given in pregnancy increases anti-pertussis antibodies transferred to the fetus, protecting young infants from severe pertussis disease. However, infants born to Tdap-vaccinated mothers may experience immunomodulation, leading to decreased antibody responses to their own pertussis vaccines. Many low-to-middle income countries have a high incidence of pertussis disease and deaths in young infants, but Tdap is not recommended due to the lack of data, including data on the use in pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). I evaluated anti-pertussis immunogenicity and antibody avidity in pregnant people living with and without HIV in Uganda that received Tdap in pregnancy, and their newborns. I hypothesized that Tdap-vaccinated pregnant people would have higher anti-pertussis antibodies compared with those that received tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine, and infants born to Tdap-vaccinated mothers would have a modulated antibody response to their pertussis vaccines. Additionally, the impact of different diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine schedules and products on immunomodulation in infants have not been explored. I evaluated 2+1 and 3+1 dose schedules with different vaccine products as a booster in children from Quebec. I hypothesized that children that received a 3+1 dose schedule would have higher antibodies and lower immunomodulation compared with children that received 2+1 doses of DTaP vaccine. Anti-pertussis toxin (PT), -filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and -pertactin (PRN) immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and anti-PT IgG avidity was measured by a modified ELISA. I found that people that received Tdap in pregnancy had higher total anti-PT and anti-FHA IgG concentrations compared to Td-vaccinated pregnant people, regardless of HIV-status. Infants from Tdap…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/87886
note: EVALUATION OF ANTI-PERTUSSIS IMMUNOGENICITY IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN AFTER IMMUNIZATION IN PREGNANCY WITH TETANUS-DIPHTHERIA-ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS VACCINE by Kyle Amaral B.Sc., McMaster University, 2020 B.A., McMaster University, 2021 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Experimental Medicine) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) April 2024 © Kyle Amaral, 2024 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the thesis entitled: Evaluation of anti-pertussis immunogenicity in infants and children after immunization in pregnancy with tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine submitted by Kyle Amaral in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Experimental Medicine Examining Committee: Dr. Manish Sadarangani, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, UBC Supervisor Dr. Agatha Jassem, Associate Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UBC Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Laura Sly, Professor, Department of Experimental Medicine, UBC Additional Examiner Additional Supervisory Committee Members: Dr. Rachel Fernandez, Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, UBC Supervisory Committee Member iii Abstract Pertussis disease is most severe in young infants. Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine given in pregnancy increases anti-pertussis antibodies transferred to the fetus, protecting young infants from severe pertussis disease. However, infants born to Tdap-vaccinated mothers may experience immunomodulation, leading to decreased antibody responses to their own pertussis vaccines. Many low-to-middle income countries have a high incidence of pertussis disease and deaths in young infants, but Tdap is not recommended due to the lack of data, including data on the use in pregnant…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2024-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0441411
language: eng
degree discipline: Experimental Medicine
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Sadarangani, Manish
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/87886