Investigating the human microbiome : dynamic interactions and therapeutic potentials in health and disease states
department or school: Applied Science, Faculty of
department or school: Engineering, School of (Okanagan)
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCO
creator: Kazemian, Negin
issued: 2024-10-06T07:00:00Z
issued: 2024
related degree: Doctor of Philosophy - PhD
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: The intricate nexus between humans, environmental factors, and the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in determining the overall health of the host. Our gut microbiota's composition is a dynamic tapestry woven from threads of both early-life events and adult experiences, each contributing uniquely to our overall health and well-being. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease states. The gut microbiota’s role in cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol to coprostanol conversion), is not fully understood. Therefore, I first aimed to explore the gut’s environment, encompassing mucus, microbiome, and metabolites to explore its relationship with cholesterol metabolism among healthy participants. High-converters had increased Akkermansia muciniphila. Importantly, the causal role of A. muciniphila in conversion was confirmed. Non-converters showed reduced mucus glycan sialylation and fecal bile acid desulfation, similar to trends observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Next, I aimed to gain a holistic understanding of the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on gut microbiota. ACEs can impact physical and mental health outcomes in adulthood; however, studies assessing how ACEs may impact gut microbiota are lacking. High ACE individuals displayed distinct gut microbiota differences potentially impacting intestinal tissue integrity. They also experienced a higher prevalence of diarrhea, possibly linked to stress on the gastrointestinal system. Lastly, I aimed to better understand the underlying mechanisms for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and optimize microbial therapeutics for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI). Studies often have a uni-kingdom focus and few studies have examined the role of gut mycobiome and virome on FMT efficacy. Thus, I aimed to investigate whether FMT super-donors exist or whether the gut microbiomes of both donors and recipients are implicated in…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/87727
note: INVESTIGATING THE HUMAN MICROBIOME: DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE STATES by Negin Kazemian M.Sc., The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 2017 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Mechanical Engineering) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) April 2024 © Negin Kazemian, 2024 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis/dissertation entitled: Investigating the human microbiome: Dynamic Interactions and therapeutic potentials in health and disease states submitted by Negin Kazemian in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dr. Sepideh Pakpour, School of Engineering, UBC Okanagan Supervisor Dr. Kirk Bergstrom, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, UBC Okanagan Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Fatemeh Hendijani Fard, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, UBC Okanagan Supervisory Committee Member Laura Grieneisen, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, UBC Okanagan University Examiner Dr. Katrine Whiteson, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine External Examiner iii Abstract The intricate nexus between humans, environmental factors, and the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in determining the overall health of the host. Our gut microbiota's composition is a dynamic tapestry woven from threads of both early-life events and adult experiences, each contributing uniquely to our overall health and well-being. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease states. The gut microbiota’s role in cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol to coprostanol conversion), is not fully understood. Therefore, I first aimed to explore the gut’s environment, encompassing mucus, microbiome, and metabolites to expl…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2024-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0441263
language: eng
degree discipline: Mechanical Engineering
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Pakpour, Sepideh
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/87727