Towards integrated microwave ice sensors for on-ground, in-flight and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications
department or school: Applied Science, Faculty of
department or school: Engineering, School of (Okanagan)
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCO
creator: Shah, Aaryaman V.
issued: 2024-12-20T08:00:00Z
issued: 2024
related degree: Master of Applied Science - MASc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Ice accretion on aviation surfaces imposes operational and safety challenges, severely impacting critical flight structures and equipment. For optimized ‘smart’ de-icing systems of the future, microwave resonant-based planar sensors are proposed for their high sensitivity to icing and versatility in integration. This thesis presents five microwave resonant sensors for ice sensing under simulated real-world icing conditions. Three planar ice sensors are designed for harsh roadway environments. A Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) sensor (1.2 GHz) is tested for sensitivity to icing with protective epoxy coatings. A complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) sensor with a robust epoxy-coated 1mm-thick aluminum build (1.18 GHz) monitors snow accretion. Asymmetric stripline CSRR sensors with increased shielding are implemented for exploratory time-domain-reflectometry measurements, for wired large-area sensor networks. A conformal single-port dual-frequency SRR sensor (1.9-2.2 GHz) was integrated onto a NACA 0018 airfoil with electrothermal de-icing capabilities to sense in-flight ice crystal icing (ICI). Tested in the National Research Council’s (NRC’s) Research Altitude Test Facility (RATFac) at 19,000 ft, 100 m/s, +3°C and melt ratios of 11%, 13%, 16% and 25%, the sensor differentiates %melt while monitoring de-icing and anti-icing processes. Icing on smaller Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), drones, and electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) crafts impact aerodynamics and weight, severely limiting operation. A novel multi-frequency SRR sensor (2-4 GHz) is integrated with a zone-based electrothermal de-icing system and a low interfacial-toughness coating on a NACA 0012 airfoil for location-specific accretion monitoring and zone-based ‘smart’ de-icing. Tested at the Anti-Icing Materials International Laboratory’s (AMIL) icing wind tunnel at varying LWC (0.3, 0.5 and 0.8 g/m3), airspeed (20 and 40 m/s) and temperature (-5°C: glaze, -10°C: mixed, and -20°C: rime) condition…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/87469
note: Towards Integrated Microwave Ice Sensors for On-ground, In-flight and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Applications by Aaryaman V. Shah B.A.Sc. The University of British Columbia, 2021 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Electrical Engineering) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) February 2024 © Aaryaman V. Shah, 2024 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis entitled: Towards Integrated Microwave Ice Sensors for On-ground, In-flight and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Applications submitted by Aaryaman V. Shah in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Applied Science . Dr. Mohammad H. Zarifi, School of Engineering Supervisor Dr. Kevin Golovin, University of Toronto Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Ian Foulds, School of Engineering Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Kasun Hewage, School of Engineering University Examiner iii Abstract Ice accretion on aviation surfaces imposes operational and safety challenges, severely impacting critical flight structures and equipment. For optimized ‘smart’ de-icing systems of the future, microwave resonant-based planar sensors are proposed for their high sensitivity to icing and versatility in integration. This thesis presents five microwave resonant sensors for ice sensing under simulated real-world icing conditions. Three planar ice sensors are designed for harsh roadway environments. A Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) sensor (1.2 GHz) is tested for sensitivity to icing with protective epoxy coatings. A complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) sensor with a robust epoxy-coated 1mm-thick aluminum build (1.18 GHz) monitors snow accretion. Asymmetric stripline CSRR sensors with increased shielding are implemented for exploratory time-domain-reflectometry measurements, for wired large-area sensor networks. A confo…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2024-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0440042
language: eng
degree discipline: Electrical Engineering
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Zarifi, Mohammad Hossein
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/87469