Sensitivity of gargle samples compared to swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection with nucleic acid amplification testing : a systematic review and meta-analysis
department or school: Medicine, Faculty of
department or school: Medicine, Department of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: Kayda, Iryna
issued: 2023-10-26T16:47:46Z
issued: 2023
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Background: Challenges arose with diagnostic testing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Gargle sampling emerged as a novel method for COVID-19 testing, yet there remains uncertainty about its performance when compared with more conventional sampling methods. Objective: We investigated the performance of self-collected gargle samples compared to traditional healthcare worker (HCW)-collected upper respiratory tract swabs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection with nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). We aimed to (1) estimate sensitivity of gargle sampling, (2) estimate the difference in sensitivity between gargle and swab methods, and (3) understand how various testing contexts may impact gargle sensitivity. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus, and preprint servers were searched. Studies reporting primary data and investigating COVID-19 diagnostic performance of self-collected gargle samples compared to a HCW-collected swab, with at least five matched samples tested using NAAT, were included. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate both the pooled gargle sensitivity and mean difference in sensitivity between gargle and swab methods. Subgroup analyses were also performed to assess the potential impact of different sampling variables. Results: Searches identified 327 results with 24 studies included in the review. 28 gargle-swab comparisons were pooled in meta-analysis. Gargle sensitivity was estimated to be 92.7% (95% confidence interval: 89.9% to 94.8%) and 3.2% (0.4% to 6.0%) less sensitive than swab collection. Gargle sensitivity was greater than 87.0% across diverse patient characteristics, settings, type or volume of gargle liquid, length of gargling time, wait time prior to gargling, and reference swab type or NAAT method used. Greatest sensitivities were observed when gargle sampling for 30 seconds or greater using 5-9 mL of saline. 92.9% (86.9% to 96.2%) ga…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/86344
note: SENSITIVITY OF GARGLE SAMPLES COMPARED TO SWABS FOR SARS-COV-2 DETECTION WITH NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS by IRYNA KAYDA B.Sc., The University of British Columbia, 2020 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Experimental Medicine) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) October 2023 © Iryna Kayda, 2023 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the thesis entitled: Sensitivity of gargle samples compared to swabs for SARS-CoV-2 detection with nucleic acid amplification testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis submitted by Iryna Kayda in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Experimental Medicine Examining Committee: Dr. David Goldfarb, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia Supervisor Dr. Pascal Lavoie, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Audi Setiadi, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia Additional Examiner iii Abstract Background: Challenges arose with diagnostic testing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Gargle sampling emerged as a novel method for COVID-19 testing, yet there remains uncertainty about its performance when compared with more conventional sampling methods. Objective: We investigated the performance of self-collected gargle samples compared to traditional healthcare worker (HCW)-collected upper respiratory tract swabs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection with nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). We aimed to (1) estimate sensitivity of gargle sampling, (2) estimate t…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2023-11
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0437360
language: eng
degree discipline: Experimental Medicine
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Goldfarb, David M.
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/86344