Genetic and environmental influences on morphological traits in salmonids
department or school: Science, Faculty of
department or school: Zoology, Department of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: McMaster, Aidan Clark
issued: 2023-09-01T16:00:12Z
issued: 2023
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Understanding how morphology is shaped by captive breeding and rearing of fish is becoming increasing important for policy-making surrounding the conservation of aquatic species, as hatchery supplementation becomes more and more commonplace and the potential for impacts on wild populations grows. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to explore how genetics and environment shape the morphological phenotypes of domestic-wild hybrid salmonids. First, I used photos of F2 hybrid rainbow trout parr after a single growing season in a semi-natural environment to determine whether “domestic” or “wild” phenotypes predominate under these conditions. I found differences in overall body shape, particularly in the head and deepness of the body between the domestic and wild fish. Some phenotypes in the F2s were more similar to those of one or the other of the grandparents reared in hatchery conditions, and others were entirely different, likely due to the differences in food availability, presence of predation, water velocity, etc. in the semi-wild environment compared to a hatchery environment. Next, I used photos of F2 offspring of domestic and wild strains of coho salmon to do a similar analysis, which revealed an extremely fast-growing group of juveniles. I then used next-generation genomic sequencing (PoolSeq) to attempt to find SNPs correlated with this fast growth trait. I found three large regions of differentiation between the fast growing and slow growing F2 fish, with enrichment for processes such as musculoskeletal development, omega peptidase activity, and folate transmembrane transport. The results of my first chapter indicate that the environment has extremely large impacts on morphological phenotypes; however, as shown by my second chapter, genotype can create drastic differences in morphology when rearing conditions are identical. The results of this thesis illustrate the interacting effects of genetics and environment on morphological phenotypes in salmoni…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/85772
note: GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN SALMONIDS by Aidan Clark McMaster BSc Hons, University of Regina, 2020 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Zoology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) August 2023 ©Aidan Clark McMaster, 2023 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the thesis entitled: GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN SALMONIDS submitted by Aidan Clark McMaster in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Zoology Examining Committee: Patricia Schulte, Professor, Zoology, UBC Supervisor Katie Marshall, Professor, Zoology, UBC Supervisory Committee Member Judith Mank, Professor, Zoology, UBC Additional Examiner Additional Supervisory Committee Members Dolph Schluter, Professor, Zoology, UBC Supervisory Committee Member iii Abstract Understanding how morphology is shaped by captive breeding and rearing of fish is becoming increasing important for policy-making surrounding the conservation of aquatic species, as hatchery supplementation becomes more and more commonplace and the potential for impacts on wild populations grows. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to explore how genetics and environment shape the morphological phenotypes of domestic-wild hybrid salmonids. First, I used photos of F2 hybrid rainbow trout parr after a single growing season in a semi-natural environment to determine whether “domestic” or “wild” phenotypes predominate under these conditions. I found differences in overall body shape, particularly in the head and deepness of the body between the domestic and wild fish. Some phenotypes in the F2s were more similar to those of one or the other of the grandparents reared in hatchery conditions, and others were entirely diff…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2023-11
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0435723
language: eng
degree discipline: Zoology
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Schulte, Patricia M.
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/85772