Sex differences in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the influence of estradiol
department or school: Medicine, Faculty of
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCV
creator: Yagi, Shunya
issued: 2023-02-15T22:55:00Z
issued: 2023
related degree: Doctor of Philosophy - PhD
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Sex differences exist in hippocampal plasticity, cognition, and in various brain diseases that target the integrity of the hippocampus. Females are more likely to be diagnosed with stress and anxiety related disorders and have a greater lifetime risk for Alzheimer’s disease than males. Females are more likely to experience greater cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive symptoms in depression and post-traumatic stress disorders, and these diseases characterized by hippocampal dysfunction. The hippocampus is a highly plastic structure, important for processing higher order information, and is sensitive to intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as gonadal hormones and cognitive training. The hippocampus retains the ability to produce new neurons in the dentate gyrus, and new neurons play an important role in pattern separation, a process of separating similar inputs and making distinct neural representations during memory encoding. This thesis investigated sex differences in and the effects of estrogens on basal characteristics of neurogenesis, and in neural network of activated neurons following pattern separation. In Chapter 2, I found that adult-born neurons matured faster in males compared to females, whereas males showed a greater reduction in neurogenesis between one week and two weeks after mitosis. The faster maturation and greater attrition of new neurons in males compared to females suggests greater potential for neurogenesis to respond to external stimuli in males. In Chapter 3, I found that females showed greater contextual pattern separation compared to males, with females and males employing different brain networks during fear memory retrieval. In Chapter 4, I found that estradiol and estrone initially enhanced production of immature neurons whereas long exposure to estrogens eliminated the enhancing effects on neurogenesis. In Chapter 5, I found that a chronic high dose of estradiol reduced adult neurogenesis in females, but also enhanced …
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/83828
note: Sex differences in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the influence of estradiol by Shunya Yagi M.Sc., University of British Columbia, 2015 B.Sc., Kent State University, 2012 B.Sc., Kyushu University, 2009 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies (Neuroscience) The University of British Columbia (Vancouver) February 2023 © Shunya Yagi, 2023 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies for acceptance, the dissertation entitled: Sex differences in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the influence of estradiol submitted by Shunya Yagi in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Neuroscience Examining Committee: Liisa A.M. Galea, Professor, Psychology, UBC Supervisor Brian Christie, Professor, Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria Supervisory Committee Member Shernaz Bamji, Professor, Cellular and Physiological Sciences, UBC Supervisory Committee Member Judith Mank, Professor, Zoology, UBC University Examiner Rebecca Todd, Associate Professor, Psychology, UBC University Examiner Additional Supervisory Committee Members: Jason Snyder, Associate Professor, Psychology, UBC Supervisory Committee Member iii Abstract Sex differences exist in hippocampal plasticity, cognition, and in various brain diseases that target the integrity of the hippocampus. Females are more likely to be diagnosed with stress and anxiety related disorders and have a greater lifetime risk for Alzheimer’s disease than males. Females are more likely to experience greater cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive symptoms in depression and post-traumatic stress disorders, and these diseases characterized by hippocampal dysfunction. The hippocampus is a highly plastic structure, important for processing higher order information, and is sensitive to int…
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2023-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0425267
language: eng
degree discipline: Neuroscience
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Galea, Liisa A. M.
type: Text
type: Still Image
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/83828