Do brassica cover crops influence soil fungal and nematode communities in a vineyard?
department or school: Science, Irving K. Barber Faculty of (Okanagan)
department or school: Biology, Department of (Okanagan)
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCO
creator: O'Farrell, Corynne
issued: 2022-02-01T23:24:20Z
issued: 2022
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Brassica plants with biofumigant properties have been used to mitigate soil borne pathogens for years. This is common in till systems where brassicas are incorporated into the soil. The effect of these crops as living mulch on soil microbes is not as well studied. This study compared the response of the soil microbial community to four brassica species, two commonly used in vineyards (Sinapis alba L. (white mustard) and Raphanus sativus (L.) Domin) and two native/naturalized to the Okanagan (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. And Boechera holboelli (Hornem.) Á.Löve & D.Löve (Holbøll’s rockcress)). These cover crops were grown in a vineyard for one growing season. Soil samples were taken at the end of the season for DNA and nematode extraction. The fungal community was analyzed by sequencing of the ITS2 sub-region. Species evenness was higher in brassicas compared to the control. I found no differences in community composition. Changes to the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community were analyzed by spore count; I found no differences. The nematode community was analyzed by counting total, plant parasitic (PPN), and free-living nematodes (FLN). There were no differences in abundance of nematodes. I found the relative abundance of PPN to be significantly lower in the C. bursa-pastoris and S. alba treatments compared to the control. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine if any of the four brassicas act as hosts for fungal pathogen Ilyonectria liriodendri (PARC60 and PARC393), nematode pathogen Mesocriconema xenoplax, or AMF Rhizophagus irregularis. The same four cover crops as well as a grapevine control were grown in soil inoculated with the organism of interest for four months, at the end of which abundance of I. liriodendri and AMF in the roots was measured as well as M. xenoplax abundance in the soil. There were no differences in I. liriodendri colonization between cover crops, but all had some colonization suggesting they may be able to act as ho…
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/80763
note: DO BRASSICA COVER CROPS INFLUENCE SOIL FUNGAL AND NEMATODE COMMUNITIES IN A VINEYARD? by Corynne O'Farrell B.Sc. (Hons), The University of Calgary, 2016 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Biology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) January 2022 © Corynne O'Farrell, 2022 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis/dissertation entitled: Do brassica cover crops influence soil fungal and nematode communities in a vineyard? submitted by Corynne O'Farrell in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science . Dr. Miranda Hart, Department of Biology, Irving K. Barber Faculty of Science Supervisor Dr. Tomas Forge, Adjunct Professor, Summerland Research and Development Centre Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Melanie Jones, Department of Biology, Irving K. Barber Faculty of Science Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Cara Haney, Department of Microbiology and Immunology University Examiner iii Abstract Brassica plants with biofumigant properties have been used to mitigate soil borne pathogens in agricultural settings for years. This practice is especially common in till systems where the brassicas are incorporated into the soil as green manure or seed meal. The effect of these crops on soil microbes in the field, including both pathogens and beneficials, is not as well studied in no-till systems. This study compared the response of the soil microbial community to four different brassica cover crops, two of which are commonly used in Okanagan vineyards (Sinapis alba L. (white mustard) and Raphanus sativus (L.) Domin (tillage radish)) as well as two brassicas that are native or naturalized to the Okanagan (Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (Shepherd’s purse) and Boechera holboelli (Hornem.) Á.Löve & D.Löve (Holbøll’s rockcress)). These cover crops were grown …
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2022-02
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0406453
language: eng
degree discipline: Biology
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
contributor: Hart, Miranda
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/80763