Measuring and modeling sediment dispersion in small streams
department or school: Arts and Sciences, Irving K. Barber School of (Okanagan)
department or school: Earth, Environmental and Geographic Sciences, Department of (Okanagan)
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCO
creator: de Aragão Nogare, Marianni
issued: 2020-03-10T17:00:10Z
issued: 2020
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: Turbidity-based events in multiple-use watersheds can potentially lead to negative impacts on water quality. This is of particular concern in small streams that serve as drinking water sources in the Province of British Columbia. The one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (1D ADE) is the most common approach to modeling the transport of substances in flowing water. However, relatively little is known about its applicability to suspended sediment, especially regarding the sink term that accounts for sediment settling. The aim of this study was to assess the degree to which the 1D ADE accurately predicts suspended sediment dispersion in small channels. In addition, an evaluation of the applicability of predictive formulas for the longitudinal dispersion coefficient to small channels was undertaken. Tracer experiments were conducted in three different channels: (1) a concrete channel; (2) a semi-natural channel; and (3) a natural channel. Sodium chloride and suspended sediment were injected simultaneously in the channels. The sediment particle sizes ranged from <0.075 mm to 1 mm. Sodium chloride was treated as a conservative tracer (i.e., no losses or gains during transport), and the sodium chloride plumes were modeled first to obtain best-fit estimates for the longitudinal dispersion coefficients. Suspended sediment plumes were modeled subsequently using the best-fit longitudinal dispersion coefficients from the sodium chloride plumes with an additional settling rate parameter to account for the sediment loss. The 1D ADE was capable of reproducing the observed curves with ±50% relative error. The settling rate term was found to be essential to properly simulate the suspended sediment plumes. The commonly used formula for settling rate (settling velocity/depth) overestimated the loss of particles and it was not applicable to the observed data. Twenty-six predictive formulas for the longitudinal dispersion coefficient were evaluated on their ability to reproduce …
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/73706
note: MEASURING AND MODELING SEDIMENT DISPERSION IN SMALL STREAMS by Marianni de Aragão Nogare B.Eng., Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2015 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Earth and Environmental Sciences) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) March 2020 © Marianni de Aragão Nogare, 2020 ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis/dissertation entitled: Measuring and modeling sediment dispersion in small streams submitted by Marianni de Aragão Nogare in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science. Dr. Bernard Bauer, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences Supervisor Dr. Jeff Curtis, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Deborah Roberts, School of Engineering Supervisory Committee Member Dr. Joshua Brinkerhoff, School of Engineering University Examiner iii ABSTRACT Turbidity-based events in multiple-use watersheds can potentially lead to negative impacts on water quality. This is of particular concern in small streams that serve as drinking water sources in the Province of British Columbia. The one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (1D ADE) is the most common approach to modeling the transport of substances in flowing water. However, relatively little is known about its applicability to suspended sediment, especially regarding the sink term that accounts for sediment settling. The aim of this study was to assess the degree to which the 1D ADE accurately predicts suspended sediment dispersion in small channels. In addition, an evaluation of the applicability of predictive formulas for the longitudinal dispersion coefficient to small channels was undertaken. Tracer experiments were conducted in three different channels: (1) a concrete channel; (2) a semi-natural channel; and (3) a natural …
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2020-05
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0389534
language: eng
degree discipline: Earth and Environmental Sciences
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/73706