The effects of dietary fatty acids on microglial immune responses
department or school: Arts and Sciences, Irving K. Barber School of (Okanagan)
department or school: Biology, Department of (Okanagan)
data provider: DSpace
degree campus: UBCO
creator: Lowry, Jessica Rae
issued: 2018-08-02T16:34:06Z
issued: 2018
related degree: Master of Science - MSc
degree grantor: University of British Columbia
description: The increasing number of Canadians with dementia is projected to reach one million by 2033. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Modifiable risk factors for AD, including dietary factors, should be investigated to inform recommendations for disease prevention. Dietary fatty acids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), are modifiable dietary components. PUFAs affect immune functions in the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia are CNS immune cells that release inflammatory mediators including chemokines, cytokines, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In AD, microglia are chronically activated by abnormal proteins, which results in excessive production of inflammatory mediators, promoting neuron death. The fatty acids studied in this thesis included the n-3 and n-6 PUFAs α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA), the MUFA oleic acid (OA), and the SFA stearic acid (SA). While this thesis presents experiments containing two glucose conditions, effects of fatty acids on the microglial release of RNS, ROS, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and neurotoxins were examined using high glucose conditions (17.0-17.3 mM). Gas chromatography assessed fatty acid content of cells exposed to fatty acids in the presence of 5.6 mM and 17.0 mM glucose. The Griess assay assessed RNS, followed by immunoblotting for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Chemiluminescence was used to measure ROS, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect MCP-1. Neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with supernatants from microglia exposed to fatty acid to assess impact of released neurotoxins. In activated BV-2 microglia cultured in high glucose media (17.0 mM), fatty acids ALA and LA reduced microglial RNS release, and LA reduced the expression of iNOS. In microglia cultured in high glucose media (17.0-17.3 mM), no effects …
aggregated CHO: https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/66643
note: THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON MICROGLIAL IMMUNE RESPONSES by Jessica Rae Lowry B.Sc., The University of Northern British Columbia, 2014 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Okanagan) July 2018 © Jessica Rae Lowry 2018ii The following individuals certify that they have read, and recommend to the College of Graduate Studies for acceptance, a thesis/dissertation entitled: THE EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON MICROGLIAL IMMUNE RESPONSES submitted by Jessica Rae Lowry in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science. Andis Klegeris, Biology, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences Supervisor Sanjoy Ghosh, Biology, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences Supervisory Committee Member Frederic Menard, Chemistry, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences Supervisory Committee Member Kevin Smith, Chemistry, Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences University Examiner iii Abstract The increasing number of Canadians with dementia is projected to reach one million by 2033. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Modifiable risk factors for AD, including dietary factors, should be investigated to inform recommendations for disease prevention. Dietary fatty acids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs), are modifiable dietary components. PUFAs affect immune functions in the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia are CNS immune cells that release inflammatory mediators including chemokines, cytokines, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In AD, microglia are chronically activated by abnormal proteins, which results in excessive production of inflammatory mediators, promoting neuron death. The fatty acids studied in …
has type: Thesis/Dissertation
date issued: 2018-09
is shown at: 10.14288/1.0369274
language: eng
degree discipline: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
provider: Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
publisher: University of British Columbia
rights: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
rights URI: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
scholar level: Graduate
type: Text
identifier URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/66643