Education, Faculty of
Kinesiology, School of
DSpace
University of British Columbia. School of Kinesiology
University of British Columbia. Athletics and Recreation
University of British Columbia. Campus and Community Planning
Le, Annie
Fritz, Jamie
Kan, Yi Jhen
Tam, Priscilla
Lewis, Tristan
An intent for action does not necessarily translate into performance of an action – this is a phenomenon coined the “intention-behaviour gap”. Although there could be a plethora of factors feeding into this gap, our team has chosen to explore how various types of mindsets play a role in facilitating or preventing an individual from achieving their fitness-related goals. Ultimately, our objective was to synthesize practical short-term and long-term recommendations to help UBC Recreation tailor their Personal Training Program to be more supportive of the unique needs of their clientele. Our study sampled from physically active individuals who study, live, and/or work on or near UBC campus. Participants filled out an anonymous online survey composed of a series of short-answer and Likert scale-type questions that prompted participants to reflect on their recent successes and failures with regards to attaining fitness goals. Considering various course-related constraints for this project, snowball sampling and entry into a prize draw were two methods used in attempting to obtain an appropriate sample size within a restricted amount of time. Data from a total of 67 participants were deemed eligible for analysis at the time of termination of data collection. Participants’ self-reported data was categorized based on their qualitative or quantitative nature, then independently evaluated. Qualitative responses were analyzed thematically based on recurrent key words among participant answers; based on this data, a total of 9 and 8 themes contributing to successful and unsuccessful (failed) goal attainment, respectively, were synthesized. For instance, “maintaining discipline”, “focusing on the finish line”, and “self-positivity” were found to be the top three facilitators in helping an individual reach a goal, while “lack of dedication”, “being too busy”, and “unrealistic self-expectations” appeared to be common barriers to goal achievement. On the other hand, quantitative responses where participants evaluated the extent to which various personal, social, and material factors may play a role in impacting their fitness journey were analyzed based on count, then ranked in descending order of importance. Drawing from both subsets of data, we were able to synthesize a list of immediate and latent strategies that UBC Rec could implement in hopes of potentially improving the experience for both current and prospective users of their PT Program. Upon the conclusion of our current project, we recognized that there were several limitations. Notably, bound by the exploratory nature of this topic, our study sampled only from individuals who considered themselves as successful, by their own definition. As a result, we are unable to generalize our findings to those who may be seeking the help of a PT because they do not yet consider themselves “successful” in reaching their fitness goals. In light of this limitation, we propose that future studies of a similar design should include participants who do not consider themselves successful, by their own definition; supported by further thematic and statistical analysis, the results would not only allow for the comparison of similarities and discrepancies between the mindsets of successful and not-yet-successful individuals, but would also shed light on key areas for improvement so that targeted, actionable strategies focused on diminishing the discrepancies could be implemented. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Final ReportFacilitating Success in Fitness: Exploring the Beliefs, Mindsets, and Perspectives ofUniversity Students in Pursuit of Physical Activity AchievementsProject B, Group 11:Annie Le, Jamie Fritz, Yi Jhen Kan, Priscilla Tam, Tristan LewisSchool of Kinesiology, University of British ColumbiaKIN 464: Health Promotion and Physical ActivityDr. Andrea BundonApril 12, 20241Disclaimer: UBC SEEDS Sustainability Program provides students with the opportunity toshare the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions andrecommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is astudent research project and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore, readersshould bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC.We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDSSustainability Program representative about the current status of the subject matter of areport.2Executive SummaryAn intent for action does not necessarily translate into performance of an action – thisis a phenomenon coined the “intention-behaviour gap”. Although there could be a plethora offactors feeding into this gap, our team has chosen to explore how various types of mindsetsplay a role in facilitating or preventing an individual from achieving their fitness-relatedgoals. Ultimately, our objective was to synthesize practical short-term and long-termrecommendations to help UBC Recreation tailor their Personal Training Program to be moresupportive of the unique needs of their clientele.Our study sampled from physically active individuals who study, live, and/or work onor near UBC campus. Participants filled out an anonymous online survey composed of aseries of short-answer and Likert scale-type questions that prompted participants to reflect ontheir recent successes and failures with regards to attaining fitness goals. Considering variouscourse-related constraints for this project, snowball sampling and entry into a prize draw weretwo methods used in attempting to obtain an appropriate sample size within a restrictedamount of time. Data from a total of 67 participants were deemed eligible for analysis at thetime of termination of data collection. Participants’ self-reported data was categorized basedon their qualitative or quantitative nature, then independently evaluated.Qualitative responses were analyzed thematically based on recurrent key wordsamong participant answers; based on this data, a total of 9 and 8 themes contributing tosuccessful and unsuccessful (failed) goal attainment, respectively, were synthesized. Forinstance, “maintaining discipline”, “focusing on the finish line”, and “self-positivity” werefound to be the top three facilitators in helping an individual reach a goal, while “lack ofdedication”, “being too busy”, and “unrealistic self-expectations” appeared to be commonbarriers to goal achievement. On the other hand, quantitative responses where participantsevaluated the extent to which various personal, social, and material factors may play a role inimpacting their fitness journey were analyzed based on count, then ranked in descendingorder of importance. Drawing from both subsets of data, we were able to synthesize a list ofimmediate and latent strategies that UBC Rec could implement in hopes of potentiallyimproving the experience for both current and prospective users of their PT Program.Upon the conclusion of our current project, we recognized that there were severallimitations. Notably, bound by the exploratory nature of this topic, our study sampled onlyfrom individuals who considered themselves as successful, by their own definition. As aresult, we are unable to generalize our findings to those who may be seeking the help of a PTbecause they do not yet consider themselves “successful” in reaching their fitness goals. Inlight of this limitation, we propose that future studies of a similar design should includeparticipants who do not consider themselves successful, by their own definition; supported byfurther thematic and statistical analysis, the results would not only allow for the comparisonof similarities and discrepancies between the mindsets of successful and not-yet-successfulindividuals, but would also shed light on key areas for improvement so that targeted,actionable strategies focused on diminishing the discrepancies could be implemented.3IntroductionThe Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults (18-64 years) dictateindividuals should participate in at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous aerobicphysical activity (PA) per week, including muscle strengthening activities which activatemajor muscle groups twice a week (Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, 2021). Theyalso dictate adults should limit sedentary time to eight hours or less a day and get seven tonine hours of sleep per night (Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, 2021). Thenecessity of adhering to these guidelines is well-established as following them lowers the riskof mortality, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, improves bone health, cognition and more(Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, 2021). However, as university students mustbalance course work, social life, and in many cases, jobs, PA is often put on the backburner.Students also spend significant sedentary time in class and studying, posing furtherchallenges to meeting the daily PA guidelines. Additionally, research supports PA as anacceptable and effective holistic approach to mental health concerns, demonstratingreductions in anxiety, depression, and psychological distress symptoms, further supportingthe need for tailored PA support programs (DeJonge et al., 2021).In an age where engaging in PA has become less of a priority, almost 83% ofCanadian adults fail to meet the daily PA guidelines (Prince et al., 2020). As a result of thisstartling statistic, an abundance of literature exists regarding what beliefs and attitudes predictexercise efficacy - the degree to which one is confident in their ability to engage in andcontinue to exercise (Orvidas et al., 2018) - and how mindsets play a significant role inbridging the gap between the intention to exercise and the implementation of exercise goals.Intent for engaging in PA does not always lead to execution of action and Rebar et al. (2014)defines this ‘intention-behavior gap’ as behavior left unexplained by intentions. The purposeof this study is to provide the UBC Recreation Personal Training team with insight on how4best to support the university community in assisting their fitness goals by assessing eachindividual journey to success. Although students’ goals may be academic, social, orprofessional, this study will focus on students’ goals regarding physical fitness and healthyliving, and how these goals are met. It will also examine the efficacy of fixed and growthmindsets in one’s ability to feel successful in their fitness pursuits. Our overarching researchquestion is exploratory in nature, examining the beliefs, mindsets, and perspectivescommonly held by individuals – specifically students at UBC - who see themselves assuccessful in their pursuit of their health and fitness goals.Literature ReviewStudies by both Gao et al. (2009) and Orvidas et al. (2018) have evaluated howintention, self-efficacy, and varying mindsets predict engagement in PA. Gao et al. (2009)found that students with high self-efficacy - one’s belief in their abilities to complete a task -also had high expectations of themselves to succeed, and as a result found more value inexercise. Additionally, results from Orvidas et al.’s (2018) study supports the role of fitnessgrowth mindsets in increasing exercising frequency as opposed to fixed mindsets. In theirstudy, Orvidas et al. (2018) suggest that one possesses a growth mindset when they viewhuman attributes as malleable and a fixed mindset when they see failure as an innateshortcoming, deterring them from taking on challenges out of fear of failure. So, in thecontext of fitness, someone will have a growth mindset if they believe that their “fitness leveland ability to become more fit” are malleable. Whereas someone with a fixed mindsetbelieves their ability to become fit is not within their control, and therefore, unchangeable. Inaddition to evaluating how individuals’ implicit theories and mindsets of fitness predictexercise behavior, Orvidas et al. (2018) also analyzed how self-value and self-efficacy serveas moderators of this relationship.5Similarly, a study by Argyropoulou et al. (2013) investigated perceived competence asa moderator on relationships between achievement goals, positive, and negative self-talkmeasured by multiple questionnaires using Likert-type scales, pertaining to self-talk inphysical education (PE), achievement goals in PE, and perceived competence. Argyropoulouet al. (2013) defined mastery approach goals, or task-oriented goals, as a goal in which anindividual defines success in relation to themselves, focuses on improvement, values effort,and is intrinsically motivated. This is in juxtaposition to performance approach goals, orego-oriented goals, where the individual would instead define their success in comparison tosomeone else and would focus on having higher ability than others (Argyropoulou et al.,2013). Identifying these contrasting goal orientations helps guide our research whenattempting to evaluate varying goals and how they contribute to individuals’ perceivedsuccess and failure within the realm of PA. Examples of success in PA can be classified byreaching a quantifiable threshold, achieving a competitive ranking, acquiring a juriedposition, or through qualitative self-evaluation.As psychological processes such as mindsets, efficacy, and value affect whether oneputs forth the necessary self-regulatory actions to engage in PA (Orvidas et al., 2018),evaluating how and why individuals set and measure exercise achievement goals is crucial inunderstanding why people continue or begin engaging in PA. For example, one study hadparticipants formulate personal exercise goals for a month, record daily diary entries ofself-evaluation after their exercise session, and include their intentions to exercise thefollowing week (Kwan et al., 2018). When the participants met their exercise goals and feltthey had succeeded, they had higher intentions to exercise the following week as theypositively evaluated themselves to a greater extent compared to days where they had failed tomeet their exercise goals (Kwan et al., 2018).6On the other hand, it is also essential to analyze the different aspects of success andfailure within the realm of PA. A study by Oh et al. (2017) investigates PA promotion byevaluating how PA can compete with or facilitate women’s daily goals and priorities. Byconducting eight focus groups with women, Oh et al. (2017) identified themes associatedwith happiness and success in relation to exercise. Connecting with others, participating inleisure activities and hobbies, and feeling relaxed and free from daily pressures were keythemes associated with happiness, while contributing to the success and happiness of others,accomplishing goals, and professional achievement were contributors to success (Oh et al.,2017). Regarding their beliefs and feelings towards exercise, many women found they feltpressured by being unable to comply with the narrow definitions of PA surroundingappearance, weight, and health expectations, resulting in negative affective recall and anegative association with exercise (Oh et al., 2017). However, they also reported positiveexperiences, emphasizing the social elements of engaging in exercise with friends as a keyelement of physical activity adherence (Oh et al., 2017).Gaps in literatureDespite this expansive body of literature, there remain several gaps that previousstudies have collectively been unable to address. One common limitation lies within the typesof participants that are selected for the studies, which may restrict the generalizability of thestudy results to the greater population. For example, while Geo et al. (2009) andArgyropoulou et al.'s (2013) research offered valuable insight into how potential motivationalvariables like self-efficacy, outcome expectancy, goal orientations, or self-talk may influenceexercise performance, the sample population from both studies were students, within thecontext of school PE classes. The compulsory nature of PE class attendance as a part ofschool programs may change the relationship between any measured variables within thestudies, and thus the results may not translate well for individuals who are not currently7receiving compulsory education, which effectively describes the majority of people whoconstitute the UBC community. Furthermore, the analyses led by Oh et al.'s (2017) teamincluded only women; although the study shows us the interplay between women's genderroles, PA attitudes, and exercise goal implementation, whether or not similar themes andperceptions towards PA hold true for other genders in society has yet to be explored. Finally,no studies within the current literature have concurrently examined the difference in attitudestowards and perceptions of exercise between individuals who currently perceive themselvesas successful in comparison to those who do not.MethodsResearch DesignA cross sectional and non-experimental study was designed to collect data from theUBC population, completed through a voluntary self-report survey (Kowalski et al., 2018).The data collection was intended to hear from survey participants on their perspectivesregarding the success and failures towards achieving their personal health and fitness goals.More specifically, the survey gathered information on how personal trainers can be afacilitator in fitness success/failure, as well as what qualities are most desired in a personaltrainer to better understand how they can drive the improvement of fitness journeys. Focusingon how personal trainers play a part in one’s fitness journey in the study was necessary indecisions and recommendations made specifically to the personal training team of UBCRecreation. Analysis of the results focused on identifying common themes and key ideas inthe participants’ responses regarding the beliefs and mindsets of achieving fitness goalsuccess, and also assessed the relationship between a personal trainer and its client. Itdetermined the common consensus among a group of successful people in their fitness goalswhich informed our recommendations made to the UBC Rec team.8Qualtrics was used to administer the survey to study participants. Qualtrics is anonline software platform used to create surveys for both the study researchers and itsparticipants. Using an easily accessible and electronic survey allows for an increase inresponses due to the shorter time commitment and ease of answering questions at theconvenience of the participant (Edwards et al., 2023). By having a larger sample size, andtherefore reflecting a more accurate representation of the UBC population, therecommendations made to UBC Rec will be more generalizable to the target population andmakes data analysis of the results more feasible (Kowalski et al., 2018).Participant PopulationParticipants for this study included physically active individuals who work, live andplay at UBC. To be eligible to participate in the study, participants must have completed atleast 1 hour of intentional physical activity per week. In addition to being physically active,participants must have also achieved success in reaching their self-defined health and fitnessrelated goal. Participants were ensured to be physically active and successful in their goalsbecause they were able to provide more informative experiences of their health and fitnessjourneys, giving insight into the beliefs, attitudes and perspectives they have with regards toachieving their fitness and health goals. Participants were recruited from fitness centerson-campus (ARC, BirdCoop), off-campus (Westbrook, Old Barn, Gold’s), as well as publicspaces intended for physical activity on campus (SRC, Aquatic Centre). Fitness centers wereidentified as a location of interest as participants who regularly use fitness centers reporthigher rates of goal-achievement success related to their physical activity (Riseth et al.,2022). This helped produce informative results for the objective of our study. In addition,participants were also recruited from students involved in AMS-affiliated fitness/sports clubsat UBC. Students in clubs were easiest to reach given the time constraints of the researchproject, and increases the generalizability of our results as it is recognized that there are many9different ways of being active. To summarize, participants were eligible to complete thesurvey if they met all of the following criteria:● Must be a member of the UBC community:○ Studies at UBC, and/or○ Lives at UBC, and/or○ Works at UBC● Must be physically active:○ Completes at least 1 hour of intentional physical activity per week● Must be successful in achieving a self-defined health/fitness related goalIf anyone was deemed ineligible to participate in the survey, they were immediatelyredirected to the exit of the survey. This ensured that responses were only recorded fromparticipants who met the inclusion criteria.Survey ContentQuestions in the survey were a combination of Likert scale questions as well asdescriptive, short answer questions that were tailored to look into the beliefs, attitudes andperspectives of the respondent toward fitness success/failure. This allowed for the collectionof qualitative and quantitative data to better understand the experiences and thoughts of theparticipants (Kowalski et al., 2018). Likert scale questions were mainly used to look at thegrowth mindsets involving a certain fitness theme, such as genetic disposition and physicalability. Questions focusing on growth mindsets were essential to assess the importance ofgrowth mindsets on achieving health and fitness goals, as they are known for increasingexercising frequency in individuals (Orvidas et al., 2018). In addition to the broader generalmindsets concerning health and fitness, likert scale questions also enabled respondents torank the importance of certain qualities (flexible, positive, inclusive, etc.) in a personal trainer(Kowalski et al., 2018). Lastly, the quantitative questions looked at what factors respondents10believed to be important in their fitness journey, such as affordability, convenience, havingsupport, etc. The descriptive, short answer questions allowed respondents to recall a goal thatthey have previously succeeded and failed, and identify any mindset or perspective that mighthave impacted said goal to fail or succeed (Kowalski et al., 2018). Descriptive, short answerswere used as they were better able to represent the respondent's more personalexperiences/mindsets compared to Likert scale questions (Mwita, 2022). Having acombination of open and closed ended questions helps to increase internal validity andeliminate any bias when analyzing quantitative data, while still capturing the respondent'spersonalized thoughts and perspectives through the use of qualitative answers (Kowalski etal., 2018). This increased the external validity of our study.Data CollectionA total of 20 posters were put up for UBC's affiliated fitness centres (Birdcoop,ARC), un-affiliated centres on campus (Westbrook, Gold's, Old Barn), and public spacesintended for physical activity (SRC, Aquatic Centre), which displayed a QR code that sentparticipants to the Qualtrics survey (Appendix A). In addition, 17 AMS-affiliatedfitness/sports clubs were identified through campus base and sent an Instagram directmessage to their pages, advertising the survey for club members to fill out. The survey wasopen for 13 days, from March 23rd to April 5th.Data AnalysisIn the data analysis of the survey, quantitative and qualitative data were examined togain a greater understanding of the participant's beliefs, attitudes and perspectives regardingfitness success and failure (Kowalski et al., 2018). Likert scale questions producedquantitative insights into the participant's values and what attributes that are valued most in apersonal trainer, which helps shape our recommendations for straightforward, andfast-actioned change (Kowalski et al., 2018). Conversely, the descriptive, short answer11questions produced qualitative information that explored the respondent's own viewpointsand experiences (Kowalski et al., 2018). Thematic analysis or coding was used to examinethese qualitative replies in order to find recurrent themes and insights into the variablesaffecting fitness success and failure (Kowalski et al., 2018). Through the conduction of bothtypes of data analysis, the researchers were able to triangulate findings, which enhanced thestudy's validity and reliability of the study's conclusions and therefore created a deeper graspof participant's beliefs and perspectives toward fitness (Almalki, 2016).Results and DiscussionThe survey (Appendix C) responses of 67 participants reflected the attitudes of UBCstudents on their journeys to fitness-related success. There was a total response count of 105respondents over 13 days (March 23, 2024 to April 5, 2024), in which 73 were eligible, and67 respondents filled in the survey to completion. The source of direction to the survey (QRcode, social media, etc) and the identity of the participant remains intentionally anonymous.Eligibility was determined by their status as a UBC community member (42% of respondentslived on UBC campus, 83% were UBC students, and 18% are working on UBC campus), arephysically active (in which majority of respondents worked out for around 1-5 hours weekly)and have achieved success in their self-defined fitness-related goal. Ineligible participantswere immediately redirected to the end page and unable to complete the remainder of thesurvey.Qualitatively analyzing the mindsets behind participants’ successes and failuresrevealed common themes shared amongst all self-reflections. The survey first presented anshort-answer question for the participant to name and describe a recent fitness-goal they havesuccessfully achieved. It was followed later by a short-answer question on the mindsets thatled to this success. For analysis, types of goals were sorted into 7 categories from the pool of12short-answer responses, counting instances of appearance (from most to least) and examplesof the goal for context. Note that some goals covered multiple types. Number of instancescompare between successful (total 72) and failed goals (total 65).Reported types of goals are most often quantifiable (achieving a measurable concreteoutcome), as opposed to qualitative (more vague, judgment-based goals).When considering what type of goal to set, a conversation often established at thepilot session of a personal training commitment, the above graph illustrates the types of goalsthat are more likely to find success than failure, and vice versa. When comparing the ratio ofsuccess versus failure reported per type of goal, goals involving achieving a distance(whether it be running, riding, etc) are more likely to succeed while reaching a body weightgoal is most often failed. However, it is also important to consider the likelihood to set thesetypes of goals too high or low that may result in this ratio. For example, losing 10 kg ofweight requires commitment over weeks or even months, while running a marathon will be13achieved in one surge in motivation. Getting this balance between setting a goal ambitiousenough but also practical and realistic is a topic that a personal trainer must be familiar withto best support a client into reaching this goal.The following table relays the internally sorted common themes of mindsets (definedas thoughts/beliefs) from short-answer responses, count of instances mentioned (from most toleast) and selectively quoted examples. Note that some mindsets cover multiple themes.Common themes ofmindsets leading to successNumber ofinstancesQuote(s)Maintaining discipline 24 “Keeping a routine, constantly evaluatingmy current progress and not allowingmyself to quit.”“The biggest mindset was to be disciplined,sticking to my program even if I didn’t feellike sticking to it.”Focusing onreward/outcome13 “Imagining how good it would feel toaccomplish my goal.”“I want a good looking body and agirlfriend.”Self-positivity 12 “[...] Don’t compare yourself give yourselfgrace but believe in your abilities.”“Pep talks before the gym to keep memotivated.”Taking small steps 7 “I went from 0 pull ups to 1, I can get to 5pull ups.”“Breaking the goal up into smaller goals,focusing on the next step instead ofeverything I still have to do.”Improving mental health 6 “[...] Realizing that I need to take better careof myself if I want to be happier.”Being held accountable 5 “I also attend the gym with a gym partnerwhich motivates me.”To have fun 4 “It was mostly because I really like doingyoga and it makes me feel empowered.”14Being under pressure 1 “Having a race day for my marathon helped.It was like a due date for a school project,having the date kept me accountable.”Taking it easy 1 “I also didn't put too much pressure onmyself to achieve it when I left for the run --I just decided to see what happens.”Other 1 (invalid response)Maintaining discipline and staying consistent in a routine was the most prominentmindset leading to health and fitness success. This directly informs the problem presented byUBC Recreation, which not only pertains to the UBC population, but can also be generalizedto the wider demographic as it fills the gap in Kwan et al.’s (2018) study, where they onlymeasured university student’s mindsets involving exercise success. In addition, self-positivitywas a notable mindset for success, which is in line with Kwan et al. (2018)’s study, where itwas found that there was a positive relationship between positive self-evaluations afterexercise and future intentions to continue engaging in exercising behavior. With regard topersonal training, these two mindsets alone can make a significant impact on the client’sjourney to success. Less common themes are often minute preferences which vary from clientto client, as differing personalities work better with or without pressure, which call for arange of training approaches that a personal trainer must be all comfortable with.The survey investigated participants’ mindsets when it came to genetic dispositionand physical ability. A likert scale was utilized (strongly disagree - disagree - neutral - agree -strongly agree). Below are the beliefs averaged throughout all responses by analyzing themean of the likert scale results from a scale of 1-5, 5 being strongly agreed.MindsetIn regards to the ability for aperson to achieve fitness-relatedgoals, to what extent do youagree with the followingstatements?15Some people are naturally more fit than others due tounalterable factors like genetic predisposition. Agree (3.96)I am a person who has a genetic predisposition forfitness. Neutral-Agree (3.24)People who are not genetically predisposed to being fitwill never be as fit as those who are, despite all theirefforts and hard work. Disagree (2.10)You can substantially improve your fitness level witheffort regardless of genetic predisposition. Strongly Agree (4.49)There was a general consensus among participants that fitness level can be improvedwith effort regardless of genetic predisposition. This finding illustrates that there is a strongrelationship between people who are successful in achieving their fitness goals and having agrowth mindset. It also reinforces Orvidas et al.’s (2018) study, which supports the role offitness growth mindsets in increasing exercising frequency in contrast to fixed mindsets.Similarly, participants’ failure to reach a fitness-related goal was qualitativelyanalyzed through a short-answer survey question, “What were mindsets (thoughts/beliefs)that led to your failure?”Common themes ofmindsets leading to failureNumber ofinstancesQuote(s)Lack of dedication 14 “When the reps started to get difficult and Ifelt fatigued, I assumed I couldn't pushmyself anymore and I quit.”“Being relaxed with my diet and allowingmyself to cheat on it.”Too busy for exercise 12 “This goal was not a priority in my life andother things that were more important endedup taking over.”“Guilt over working out when deadlineswere approaching.”Unrealistic expectations 10 “Needing to be perfect or not do it at all.”“Thinking that it would be easy to eat moremeals in the day when I’m not usually used16to it.”Limited by physical barriers 9 “I’m just biologically set up for failure.”“My metabolism just doesn’t allow me to doit.”Lack of confidence 8 “I think I didn’t put myself to a high enoughstandard, being one of the first tournamentsI’ve been to, there might have been somepart of me that was okay with losing.”Lazy attitude 8 “Feeling down and constantly makingexcuses for why not to do it.”Loss of meaning 7 “[...] What’s the point of being able to do itanyway?”Mental barriers 7 “I really burned out on powerlifting.”The most common mindset for failure is a lack of dedication to the exercise or healthgoal. As shown in the previous table, the common mindset for success is maintainingdiscipline, which contrasts from lack of dedication. This result helps address the gap inexisting literature, in examining the differences in attitudes and mindsets involved in goalsuccess and failures (Orvidas et al., 2018).It should be mentioned that with the mindset of being “limited by physical barriers” inconsideration, the general consensus strongly agreeing with the ability of anyone to improvetheir fitness ability regardless of genetic predisposition in the previous question leads to therecommendation of personal trainers to emphasize the overcoming of this failure mindset andpossibly tailoring the goal of the client to be realistic in terms of their genetic predispositionin order not to be discouraged by innate abilities or lack thereof.Participants ranked the following factors on the degree of importance in which eachcontributes to their journey towards fitness/health success. Responses were measured as alikert-scale response (not important - slightly important - neutral - important - very important)and quantitatively analyzed on a scale from 1-5, 5 being most important.17Evidently, the most important factors in a participant's fitness/health journey aresticking to a personal set schedule, convenience, and affordability of a gym. These factorscan be looked at as either a facilitator in one’s mindset towards fitness success, or perhaps asa barrier to one’s perception of achieving a particular fitness/health goal. Althoughaffordability is a factor set in stone, personal trainers can tailor convenience and schedulingto the best of their ability by making training locations flexible and being strict and loyal tothe client’s schedule of choice. It is interesting to note that the presence of a coach or personaltrainer is significantly least important amongst all factors to students in their journey tosuccess. When physically active students decide to hire a trainer, it may be effective for thetrainer to take on more of a buddy-like relationship than a professional, business setting, asthe concept of an authoritative figure can be intimidating. The trainer must also respect thelevel of social involvement in which a client prefers by discussing the degree of autonomythe client may want to establish, such as the balance between encouraging and relaxing theschedule set by the client.Next, the survey explored participants’ views in the Personal Trainer field. Of 67responses, only 5 participants had undertaken a UBC Recreation Personal Trainer in which 1had withdrawn (for unclear reasons). There were 7 participants that worked/are working witha personal trainer outside of UBC Recreation, and the remaining 47 participants had either18decided not to work with, were still deciding, or had never heard of the UBC recreationPersonal Trainer program.The participants with experience working with personal trainers from any affiliationwere questioned on the positive and negative impacts of personal trainers to theirfitness/health goals. There were 4 common positive themes emerging from the responses,which are detailed below through direct quotes, in no particular order.Briefly describe how yourpersonal trainer POSITIVELYcontributed to yourfitness/health goals, ifapplicable.QuotesProvided structure “Planned things out for me, made it so I didn’t have tothink about it, I only had to do it.”“Giving me programs, doing the math / brain work tolet me know how to change if needed to be moreeffective.”Professionalism “He adjusted my squat and deadlift form to be moreefficient and better on my body.”Kept accountability “Kept me consistent with the appointments.”Provided confidence/support “Motivates me, believes in me, and sets me goals thatare difficult but within my reach.”There were 3 common themes that described the negative impacts of personaltrainers, which are also supported through direct quotes, in no particular order.Briefly describe how yourpersonal trainerNEGATIVELY contributed toyour fitness/health goals, ifapplicable.QuotesLack of emotional connection “Had too many clients. Didn’t feel personal, more like Iwas just a paycheque to them.”“They weren’t always receptive to my feedback to adaptthe strategy.”19Unenjoyable sessions “I stopped enjoying my fitness journey and was maybetoo obsessed with numbers”Discouraging attitude “Showed me how far I am from my goals.”“Odd being watched sometimes. Wasn’t as motivating.”Participants overall felt that personal trainers benefited their fitness/health goals themost when they had a more personal, supportive connection with their trainers that facilitateda positive reinforcement environment to continue reaching their goals. The result aligns withOh et al. (2017)’s study that found that connecting with others, feeling free from pressure andoverall happiness contributed to success in relation to exercise. Similarly, the benefits andhindrances reported are reflected in students’ reported mindsets where they found thatdiscipline (structure) and positivity were the most helpful for reaching their fitness goals.This analyzed data can also shape our recommendations made to the UBC Rec team on howto better enhance the fitness journeys of people who wish to make positive changes in theirlives.Finally, all participants regardless of experience with personal trainers were given alist of traits to rank on a “helpfulness” likert scale if they were to build their perfect personaltrainer. A definition of “personal trainer” was provided for context to those unfamiliar withthe program as “A personal trainer is an individual who prescribes a health/fitness programpersonalized to your needs and goals; working one-to-one with you and providing instruction,guidance, and motivation to aid your success”. The likert scale (not at all helpful - somewhathelpful - neutral - helpful - very helpful) is quantitatively analyzed as a scale from 1-5, 5being very helpful. The graph below visualizes the mean result of all participants’ preferenceon the helpfulness of a trait in a personal trainer.20The most important trait found in a personal trainer is someone that fosters a positive,friendly and social relationship with the client. Having a positive relationship with a personaltrainer could have an impact on the client’s mindset towards success in fitness, which helpsus understand how one’s external environment can also have an influence on theirever-changing beliefs and perspectives. A limitation in this data presented is that it onlysummarizes the overarching average opinion of responses. For more analytical data, thecorrelation between the preferences of a personal trainer and their mindsets that led to successor failure should be studied independently within each individual participant.Overall, the enthusiastic responses from physically active UBC students providedgreat insight into recommending a future for UBC Recreation. By exploring the qualitativeand quantitative data provided by the anonymous survey, this study can effectivelyunderstand the beliefs, mindsets, and perspectives grown towards fitness successes andfailures and how to apply these factors towards the UBC Recreation Personal Trainersprogram.RecommendationsWe recommend that UBC REC allows the clients of personal trainers to have flexibility withtheir training schedule (e.g. during the exam period) and take a client-centered approachtowards the types of motivation. On average, participants reported that a flexible pace oftraining (e.g. slower pace during exam season) is helpful in achieving their fitness and health21goals. 50.8% of the participants reported that a flexible pace of training is helpful and 13.8%of the participants reported that it is very helpful, while only 7.7% reported that it is not at allhelpful. One participant felt that their “school [or] work was more important” so they felt“[guilty] over working out when deadlines were approaching”. We recognize that allowingunlimited flexibility regarding cancellations is not a sustainable business model for the UBCRecreation Personal Training Team. Instead, we recommend that, during the exam period, thesession lengths become more flexible with a 30 minutes session option. During this period,clients may be unable to commit the time for a full session, so this flexibility may provide acompromise. Many participants responded that they have failed their health and fitness goalsin the past because they became too busy to accomplish them. Providing shortened sessionsmay allow clients the ability to work on their health and fitness during a period where time isa valuable resource. However, we do recognize the business sustainability of the PersonalTrainers is also important and this may be a difficult recommendation to implement.However, participants also responded that their personal training negatively contributed totheir fitness goals because “they weren’t always receptive to my feedback to adapt thestrategy.” We also recommend that trainers consider the differences in motivational needs ofindividuals when working with a client. While our findings tell the "typical" response, thepersonal trainers should take a client-centered approach to understanding how to best supporttheir clients throughout their journey. For example, while 31% participants felt that positiveverbal reinforcement from others was important and 19.4% felt it was very important, 10.4%still felt it was not important. Additionally, 49.2% felt that frequent positive reinforcementfrom a Personal Trainer was very helpful and 26.2% felt it was hel;pful, but 7.7% still felt itwas only somewhat helpful. For example, one participant stated that “I don’t need someonewho tells me everything I’m doing is great … I want a trainer who tells me to run an extramile because I was slow on the last one”. This demonstrates that different types of support22may be desired based on individual preferences, and that clients may benefit from havinginput on the type of motivation they receive. We recommend that the Personal Trainers use amore client-centered approach with their clients. For example, during a client’s first sessionthe Personal Trainer could ask questions about the motivation styles that are best for them.Additionally, we recommend that the Personal Trainers complete NCCP coaching that willallow them to take a better client-centered approach and understand the mental needs of theirclients. The courses that we feel are applicable are the Multi-Sport NCCP Basic MentalSkills, the Multi-Sport Mental Health in Sport, and the Multi-Sport NCCP Creating a PositiveSport Environment. After completing the Basic Mental Skills course, the Personal Trainershould be able to introduce strategies for mental preparation into their coaching (CoachingAssociation of Canada, 2024). After completing the Mental Health in Sport course theyshould be able to understand how to enhance the well-being of their clients (CoachingAssociation of Canada, 2024). Lastly, after completing the Creating a Positive SportEnvironment Course, they should be able to implement client-centered coaching into theirsession (Coaching Association of Canada, 2024).We recommend conducting an internal inventory, to the appropriate scope, tounderstand the barriers that do not allow the personal trainers to have a better and deeperrelationship with their clients. Participants on average responded that having a positive andfriendly social relationship with their personal trainer is typically very helpful to beingsuccessful in achieving their health and fitness goals. 63.1% of the participants respondedthat this was very helpful, 26.2% responded that it was helpful, and 0.0% responded that itwas not helpful at all. As well, participants also reported that frequent positive reinforcementand motivation from their personal trainer was helpful to achieve their goals, such that 49.2%responded that it was very helpful and 26.2% responded that it was helpful. However, oneparticipant did state that their experience with their personal training negatively impacted23their health and fitness goals because their personal trainer “had too many clients [and] didn’tfeel personal, more like I was just a paycheque to them”. So, we would recommend that UBCRec conducts an internal inventory, to the appropriate scope, to determine whether theirpersonal trainers have the ability to create meaningful relationships with their clients. Werecommend conducting an internal inventory, to the appropriate scope, to also to understandthe barriers that do not allow the personal trainers to have a better and deeper relationshipwith their clients. This may look like analyzing how many clients each personal trainer has. Itmay look like making sure that the program area is efficient, such as making sure that thestaff are there, the equipment is available, and the client can begin immediately. As well, wesuggest updating the “Personal Trainers” page on the UBC Rec website so that all thepersonal trainers have a photo that corresponds with their biography(https://recreation.ubc.ca/fitness-classes/personal-training/personal-trainers/). We alsorecommend that the Personal Trainers complete a NCCP Coaching Courses that could helpthem create stronger and more personal relationships with their clients. The course that werecommend that the Personal Trainers complete is the Multi-Sport Support Through Sport:Modelling Healthy Relationships. Once they have completed this course, they shouldunderstand the pillars that create a healthy relationship, understand how to create them in asports environment, and understand sustain them (Coaching Association of Canada, 2024).We recommend that Personal Trainers emphasize that, despite a client's geneticdisposition or starting point, that they still have the capability to substantially improve theirfitness and health with effort. Participants responded that they typically agree that people arenaturally more fit than others due to unalterable factors, like genetic predisposition, since56.5% agreed with this statement and 26.1% strongly agreed. However, they also respondedthat they typically disagree that people who are not genetically predisposed to being fit willnever be as fit as those who are, despite all their efforts and hard work. 54.4% of participants24responded that they disagreed with this statement and 20.6% strongly disagreed. Additionally,they responded that people can substantially improve their fitness level with effort regardlessof genetic predisposition, as 47.1% responded that they agreed with this statement, 50.0%strongly agreed, and 0.0% disagreed or strongly disagreed.. One participant stated that theirexperience with their personal trainer positively contributed to their fitness goals becausetheir personal trainer “motivates me, believes in me, and sets me goals that are difficult butwithin my reach”. Another stated that “breaking the goal up into smaller goals, focusing onthe next step instead of everything I still have to do” contributed in becoming successful intheir fitness and health goals. While, another stated that “needing to be perfect” led to themnot being successful in their fitness and health goals because “I could not achieve everythingI wanted to, so I just ended up giving up”. We recommend that UBC Rec personal trainershelp their clients believe that they can be successful in their fitness and health goals,regardless of their starting position or predispositions. We also recommend that they create apersonal schedule for their clients, and help the clients stick to it, because the participantsresponded that this was typically important for being successful in reaching their fitness andhealth goals. One participant stated that their personal trainer had a positive contribution totheir success because the personal trainer “planned things out for [them], made it so [they]didn’t have to think about it, [they] only had to do it”. As for the participant who felt thatsmaller goals were important, this could look like the personal trainer helping their client toavoid becoming overwhelmed with larger goals, and appreciate small achievements too. Thisagrees with the first recommendation that the Personal Trainers take a client centeredapproach, since this could look like acknowledging their starting point in their journey, butemphasizing that their goals are achievable through small and consistent efforts. Therefore,we again recommend that the Personal Trainers complete the Creating a Positive Sport25Environment Course because they should be able to implement client-centered coaching intotheir session following its completion (Coaching Association of Canada, 2024).Despite the thorough and elaborated results from this study, there are a handful oflimitations within the survey that should be considered in future studies. Firstly, there was atechnical error with the survey built on Qualtrics, in which a question investigating reasons aparticipant who had yet to, hesitant to work with, or decided against working a personaltrainer had made such a decision failed to appear on the survey. This question would haveprovided valuable insight on how to make the personal trainer program more attractive,however, it does not impede with the answering of the research question as it does notcontribute directly to the mindsets involved in a participant’s journey to fitness success.Additionally, it would be of interest to open the survey for a longer period of time as astudent’s outlook on goal setting and success may depend on the time of year. For example, itwould not be unexpected where a student failed to meet a weight loss goal over the holidays,which poses a different mindset leading to failure in which a personal trainer has less controlover but serves as valuable data. The data and thus recommendations gathered from thesurvey results are limited as only the general consensus amongst all responses were analyzed.Future studies should consider evaluating participant responses case by case, as a generallylow preference for a certain factor may be very highly important to an individual participantand should be interpreted by comparing directly to their mindsets and how it may lead tounconventional beliefs. There were constructive criticism comments left in the survey fromparticipants, where multiple mentioned the unintuitiveness of the likert scale used, where“neutral” being in between “slightly important” and “important” was awkward. In the future,“neutral” should be positioned aside from the scale, perhaps at the bottom of the scale. Oneparticipant recommended the survey put more emphasis on the factor of mental health in theconsideration of mindsets, which is recommended to be studied in detail in future research.26Lengthening the survey to dive deeper into factors leading to success and failure may behelpful, however, a longer survey might jeopardize respondent retainment (participantsoffering full attention in completing the survey to the end).We recommend conducting further study to explore the beliefs, attitudes, andmindsets that individuals who do not see themselves as successful hold. Additionally, furtherstudy is required to determine what are the beliefs, attitudes, and mindsets held by individualswho view themselves as successful, which are not held by individuals who do not considerthemselves successful. The inclusion criteria for this survey required that all participants mustconsider themselves to have been successful, by their own definition, in meeting theirfitness-related goals. Therefore, further study is required to understand participants who donot consider themselves successful, by their own definition, in meeting their fitness-relatedgoals. While our survey identified themes, attitude, and beliefs held by participants whoconsider themselves to be successful, we were unable to determine whether those beliefs aredifferent from those who do not see themselves as successful. Our research question wasexploratory, so despite our conclusions there is still more that needs to be understood.Therefore, we recommend conducting further study to explore the beliefs, attitudes, andmindsets that individuals who do not see themselves as successful hold. Additionally, furtherstudy is required to determine what are the beliefs, attitudes, and mindsets held by individualswho view themselves as successful, which are not held by individuals who do not considerthemselves successful. Should KIN 464 be used again to explore this topic, we recommendsetting guidelines that emphasize comparison between the two groups, successful andnot-successful.27ConclusionThe objective for this project was to research what the beliefs, attitudes, andperspectives are which are commonly held by people who see themselves as successful intheir pursuit of their health and fitness goals. Following this, the greater understanding wasexpected to be instrumental in providing the UBC Recreation Personal Training Team abouthow to best educate, coach, and support individuals who are seeking to make positive lifechanges. Therefore, our overarching research question, exploratory in nature, is what beliefs,attitudes, and perspectives are commonly held by people who see themselves as successful intheir pursuit of their health and fitness goals. The objective for this research project wasachieved by conducting a cross-sectional and non-experimental study, therefore acause-and-effect relationship was not able to be established (Kowalski et al., 2018).Participants completed a consent form, and then subsequently completed a self-reportQualtrics survey that responded to questions and statements with a Likert Scale or withopen-ended short responses. To find participants, purposive sampling, specifically thesnow-ball method, was conducted. The survey was made available through a QR code on aposter that allows prospective participants to scan and complete the survey at their ownconvenience. Additionally, various clubs were asked to distribute the survey throughout theirmembers. In total, 67 participants responded to the survey that met the inclusion criteria.Once the survey was closed and the data was analyzed, the findings achieved anddemonstrated important trends regarding beliefs, attitudes, and perspectives in individualswho see themselves as successful in achieving their fitness and health journey that informsthe recommendation made to the UBC Recreation Personal Training Team. For example,participants agreed that some people are naturally more fit than others due to unalterablefactors, such as genetic predispositions, but they disagreed that these genetic predispositionsmean that an individual will never be as fit as those without them. Instead, participants28strongly agreed that individuals can substantially improve their fitness level with effort,regardless of genetic predisposition. Participants also responded that having a positive andfriendly social relationship with their Personal Trainer was very helpful in achieving theirhealth and fitness goals. Participants however also responded that their experience with aPersonal Trainer was not helpful because their trainer had too many clients so they felt like apaycheck, and because their trainer was not receptive to their feedback to adapt the strategy.Findings like these, along with the rest of the findings, allowed for important feedback to bedeveloped for the UBC Personal Training Team.It is recommended that the UBC Personal Training Team take a client-centeredapproach, such towards the types of motivation and setting appropriate goals, and provideflexibility for the UBC Community during the exam period. It is recommended that theyconduct an internal inventory, to the appropriate scope, to understand the barriers that do notallow the UBC Recreation Personal Training Team to have a better and deeper relationshipwith their clients. It is recommended that the UBC Recreation Personal Training Teamemphasize to their clients that despite their genetic predisposition, or general starting point intheir health and fitness journey, that they still have the capability to substantially improvetheir fitness and health with effort. It is recommended that the UBC Recreation PersonalTraining Team complete NCCP Coaching Courses that provide them with appropriatetraining in achieving these recommendations such as NCCP Basic Mental SKills, MentalHealth in Sport, Creating a Positive Sport Environment, and Support Through Sport:Modelling Healthy Relationships. It is also recommended that UBC Recreation conductfurther study to explore the beliefs, attitudes, and mindsets that individuals who do not seethemselves as successful hold. Further study is required to determine what the beliefs,attitudes, and mindsets held by individuals who view themselves as successful are, but arealso not held by individuals who do not consider themselves successful. This is a significant29limitation of this study, since we are unable to provide significant greater understanding tothis as is the exploratory nature of this research. So, it is recommended that there is furtherstudy that grows upon our achievements and explores the comparisons better.The findings that were achieved and the recommendations that were given are in linewith the current literature, and builds upon the gaps within it. For example, this studysuggests that individuals who see themselves as successful also possess a growth mindset, asthey disagree that innate features mean that an individual will never be as fit as thosedifferent to them and instead strongly agree that individuals can substantially improve theirfitness level with effort, regardless of genetic predisposition. This is aligned to literature asOrvidas et al. (2018) suggest that individuals with a growth mindset, viewing humanattributes as malleable, increases exercising frequency, as opposed to fixed mindset, thosewho view human attributes as innate and unchangeable. The results also align with statementsby Kwan et al. (2018) who claim that when participants meet their exercise goals and feltthey had succeeded, they had higher intentions to exercise the following week. Participantsfrom our study claimed that breaking up a larger goal into smaller goals, taking it a little at atime, was a helpful mindset for achieving success in their health and fitness goals. Whereasanother participant claimed that their need to be perfect, and not being able to achieveeverything, lead to them not feeling as if they were successful. Oh et al. (2017) even claimthat accomplishing goals contributed to success. Building upon literature from Kwan et al.(2018), Oh et al. (2017), and our own research, this led to the recommendation that the UBCRecreation Personal Training Team take a client centered approach. The motivation behindthis is that hopefully the UBC Recreation Personal Training Team will help their clients makerealistic goals that are personal to them, and help them feel accomplished. Additionally, thefact that 63.1% of our participants responded that having a positive and friendly socialrelationship with their Personal Trainer was very helpful in achieving their fitness and health30goals, and 26.2% responded that it was helpful agrees with current literature. Oh et al. (2017)claim that connecting with others was another contributor to success, which aligns with theresponses from our participants. Oh et al. (2017) also claim that the social elements ofexercise, for example with friends, was another important factor for consistent physicalactivity, which is again consistent with our findings. An important limitation within thecurrent literature is that its generalization is limited due to participation inclusion criteria, forexample as Oh et al.’s (2017) study included only women. However, it is significant that ourfindings, despite having different participant population cities, are still aligned with thecurrent literature. Another important limitation within current literature is a lack of studiesthat have concurrently examined the difference in attitudes towards and perceptions ofexercise between individuals who currently perceive themselves as successful in comparisonto those who do not. Our research fails to fill this gap because our inclusion criteria includedonly individuals who viewed themselves as successful in achieving their health and fitnessgoals. Therefore, this is a significant limitation in our study and the general current literaturethat should be explored. Our research findings instead suggest that participants feel that anindividual can achieve their health and fitness goals with effort, regardless of geneticpredispositions, and that participants also feel that having a friendly and social relationshipwith their Personal Trainer is very helpful in achieving their health and fitness goals.31ReferencesAlmalki, S. (2016). 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On campus physicalactivity programming for post-secondary student mental health: examiningeffectiveness and acceptability. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 20, 100391.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100391Edwards, P. J., Roberts, I., Clarke, M. J., DiGuiseppi, C., Woolf, B., & Perkins, C. (2023).Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires. CochraneDatabase of Systematic Reviews, 2023(11).https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.mr000008.pub532Gao, Z., Lodewyk, K. R., & Zhang, T. (2009). The role of ability beliefs and incentives inmiddle school students’ intention, cardiovascular fitness, and effort. Journal ofTeaching in Physical Education, 28(1), 3-20.Kowalksi, K. C., McHugh, T. F., Sabiston, C. M., & Ferguson, L. J. (2018). ResearchMethods in Kinesiology. Oxford University Press.Kwan, B. M., Bryan, A. D., & Sheeran, P. (2018). 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Daily physical activity and sedentary behaviour acrossoccupational classifications in Canadian adults.https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-003-x/2020009/article/00002-eng.htmRebar, A. L., Maher, J. P., Doerksen, S. E., Elavsky, S., & Conroy, D. E. (2016).Intention–behavior gap is wider for walking and moderate physical activity than for33vigorous physical activity in university students. Journal of science and medicine insport, 19(2), 130-134.Segar, M., Taber, J. M., Patrick, H., Thai, C. L., & Oh, A. (2017). Rethinking physicalactivity communication: Using focus groups to understand women's goals, values, andbeliefs to improve public health. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 462-462.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4361-1Williams, S. L., & French, D. P. (2011). What are the most effective intervention techniquesfor changing physical activity self-efficacy and physical activity behaviour—and arethey the same? Health Education Research, 26(2), 308-322.https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyr005Zourbanos, N., Papaioannou, A., Argyropoulou, E., & Hatzigeorgiadis, A. (2014).Achievement goals and self-talk in physical education: The moderating role ofperceived competence. Motivation and Emotion, 38, 235-251.34Appendix ARecruitment MaterialsPrinted Poster TemplateFigure A1. Are You Physically Active? Recruitment poster for the self-report Qualtricsurvey.Direct Message Template35Hello! I’m reaching out regarding a study being conducted to help the UBC Recreation Teamin improving support to individuals in their health journey.As your club is recreationally focused and greatly contributes to a community based aroundphysical activity engagement, we would love and greatly appreciate your help by filling out aquick survey. Would you be able to share our survey to your members? Even having yourexec team (or whoever is reading this) fill it out would be extremely helpful!Also, filling out the survey enters you into a raffle for a chance to win a Lululemon yoga mator a UBC Athletics prize pack!Here is the link to our survey: https://ubc.ca1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_cIwx2wPVe4cfpWuThank you so much for your help! I cannot emphasize enough how much of a help this is tous as well as UBC Rec!36Appendix BConsent Form TemplateCLASS PROJECT: Health Promotion and Physical Activity (KIN 464)Participant Consent Form Facilitating Success in Fitness: Exploring the Beliefs, Mindsets,and Perspectives of University Students in Pursuit of Physical Activity Achievements [Group11]Project ID: H17-03560-A017Principal Investigator: Dr. Andrea Bundon (Assistant Professor, School of Kinesiology,Faculty of Education)The purpose of the class project: To gather knowledge and expertise from communitymembers on the beliefs, mindsets and perspectives held in pursuit of their successful fitnessand health goals, which will provide recommendations to the UBC Recreation Team inimproving support to individuals in their health journey.Study Procedures: With your permission, we are asking you to participate in a survey. Youmay only complete each survey once. With the information gathered, students will criticallyexamine how different individuals understand or engage in health promoting activities orhealth promotion initiatives.Project outcomes: The information gathered will be part of a written report for the classproject. The written report will be shared with campus partners involved with the project.Summaries of findings will also be posted on the following websites. UBC SEEDS ProgramLibrary:37https://sustain.ubc.ca/courses-degrees/alternative-credit-options/seeds-sustainability-program/seeds-sustainability-library No personal information/information that could identifyparticipants will be included in these reports or shared with campus partners.Potential benefits of class project: There are no explicit benefits to you by taking part in thisclass project. However, the survey will provide you with the opportunity to voice youropinion on your experiences with health promoting activities or initiatives in a broad senseand will provide the students with an opportunity to learn from your experiences.Confidentiality: Maintaining the confidentiality of the participants involved in the research isparamount, and no names of participants will be linked to the data collected. At thecompletion of the course, all data (i.e. notes) and signed consent forms will be stored on asecure electronic drive by Dr. Bundon. All data and consent forms will be destroyed 1 yearafter completion of the course.Risks: The risks associated with participating in this research are minimal. There are noknown physical, economic, or social risks associated with participation in this study. Youshould know that your participation is completely voluntary and you are free to withdrawfrom the study and there will not be negative impacts related to your withdrawal. If youwithdraw from the study, all of the information you have shared up until that point will bedestroyed.Contact for information about the study: If you have any questions about this class project,you can contact Andrea Bundon by email at andrea.bundon@ubc.ca38Research ethics complaints: If you have any concerns or complaints about your rights as aresearch participant and/or your experiences while participating in this study, contact theResearch Participant Complaint Line in the UBC Office of Research Ethics at 604-822-8598or e-mail RSIL@ors.ubc.ca . or call toll free 1-877-822-8598.Consent: Your participation in this study is entirely voluntary and you may refuse toparticipate or withdraw from the study at any time.By proceeding with this survey, I am confirming I have read the above information and agreeto participate in this research project.Appendix CSurvey ResultsWhich of the following apply to you? (May select more than one answer. As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "none of the above" will end thesurvey.) 9541% 3982% 7818% 17We are interested in exploring the attitudes and beliefs of people who engage in exercise AND who perceive themselves to be successful in their pursuit ofphysical activity-related goals. Do you currently engage in physical activity every week? (by physical activity, this includes any form of intentionally exerting bodymovement to any degree of intensity) (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 9512% 1146% 4426% 2515% 141% 1We are interested in exploring the attitudes and beliefs of people who engage in exercise AND who perceive themselves to be successful in their pursuit ofphysical activity-related goals. Do you currently engage in physical activity every week? (by physical activity, this includes any form of intentionally exerting bodymovement to any degree of intensity) (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 954.00 4.00 4.00 111.00 1.00 1.00 442.00 2.00 2.00 253.00 3.00 3.00 145.00 5.00 5.00 1Goal-setting can take various forms, such as written (e.g. in a journal), verbal (e.g. telling a friend about it), or non-verbal (i.e. thinking about it). A goal can be ANYmeasure that you put effort into meeting. We recognize that goals are self-determined and that the definition of success is unique to individuals. Have you everset fitness-related goals for yourself in the past? (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 9396% 894% 4Goal-setting can take various forms, such as written (e.g. in a journal), verbal (e.g. telling a friend about it), or non-verbal (i.e. thinking about it). A goal can be ANYmeasure that you put effort into meeting. We recognize that goals are self-determined and that the definition of success is unique to individuals. Have you everset fitness-related goals for yourself in the past? (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 931.00 1.00 1.00 892.00 2.00 2.00 4Do you consider yourself to have been successful (by your own definition) in meeting those fitness-related goals that you have set? (As we aim to study a specificpopulation, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 8888% 7713% 11Do you consider yourself to have been successful (by your own definition) in meeting those fitness-related goals that you have set? (As we aim to study a specificpopulation, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 881.00 1.00 1.00 772.00 2.00 2.00 11muscle gain/weight lossWorked out 2/week at least20 km bike ride in a set timeStart training for a half marathonIncrease sprinting speed, be able to stay on the stair master at level 10 for 15 minutes,Doing 5 pull upsgo to gym and everyday for a monthget up to 150lbs of body weightI tried to aim to work out at least two times every week at the gym for an hour or so and I have consistently achieved that in the past few weeks.Run 10kmget tonerRun a marathonOverall fitness improvement as well as competitionStarted a new sport to transfer my strength training skills to Olympic weightliftingRun a 10KGym 4+ times a weekI wanted to start consistently going to the gym again and I have been doing sowent down to 15% body fatFinished my first full marathonLost 10 poundsBench press my own weightI successfully passed the examination for the first rank of my martial artLosing weight healthy mannerI set a goal to do yoga at least twice a week and have been doing so since the last couple of monthsBenching 95lbsGoing to the gym once a weekDropping from ~80kg to 71kgGo weight training for at least two hours five days a weekExercise regularlymy goal was to start running and going to the gym consistently 6 days a week, which I have been doing since reading week.Weight lossPlanking for 8:00;Learn a set number of choreographies pBeing able to do push-ups properlyReaching a specific weight for squattingConsistently running 5 k in under 30 minsWalk at least 40 mins minutes everyday.Benching 235lb, deadlifting 405lbRun at least 3 times a week leading up a team sports event Storm the Wallbeing consistentRun a 5kI can shoulder press 80 lbs now and look visibly different compared to my starting physique wise.Logging workouts and increasing load through progressive overloadWorking out 3x weekexercising consistentlyBenching moreRan a marathon and qualified for Boston Marathon (my first marathon)RoutineWeightlift 5 times per week.Gaining 10lbsBack during the pandemic, I had the goal to lose weight and I successful lost 30lbs. Recently, I have been trying to climb (bouldering) harder rated problems and I just reached that goal(V4-V5).Run a 15kRunning longer distancesWent to the gym 3x/weekSquat 315 lbsOne or more pull upsRemain in a calorie deficit every day, therefore work out to some degree every day + walk 15K steps every dayhitting a bench prGetting the front splitsGaining my flexibility back by stretching every night and going for walks. The goal is to regain my left splits.I started pilates with the goal to tone my body and I have made a lot of progress that I can see since I started my workouts in January.Completing a beginner running programCycling and Pilates 2x a weekDeadlift PRback squatted two platesI achieved going to the gym consistently to increase my stamina and stabilize my weightRun consistently for 1 monthLose 7 pounds to fit back into old clothesDoing a pull up3 standard pullupsGoing to the gym three times a weekSuccessfully hitting my personal best in DB pressHow would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more than one answer) 7276% 556% 40% 046% 336% 4consistencyFamily competitionSpecific exercise/technique goalsWhich of the following apply to you? (May select more than one answer. As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "none of the above" will end thesurvey.) 95I live on UBC campusI am a UBC studentI work on UBC campus0 20 40 60Percentage CountI live on UBC campusI am a UBC studentI work on UBC campusWe are interested in exploring the attitudes and beliefs of people who engage in exercise AND who perceive themselves to be successful in their pursuit ofphysical activity-related goals. Do you currently engage in physical activity every week? (by physical activity, this includes any form of intentionally exerting bodymovement to any degree of intensity) (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 95Yes, <1 hour of physical activity a weekYes, 1-5 hours of physical activity a weekYes, 6-10 hours of physical activity a weekYes, >10 hours of physical activity a weekNo0 10 20 30 40Percentage CountYes, <1 hour of physical activity a weekYes, 1-5 hours of physical activity a weekYes, 6-10 hours of physical activity a weekYes, >10 hours of physical activity a weekNoAverage Minimum Maximum CountYes, <1 hour of physical activity aweekYes, 1-5 hours of physical activity aweekYes, 6-10 hours of physical activity aweekYes, >10 hours of physical activity aweekNoGoal-setting can take various forms, such as written (e.g. in a journal), verbal (e.g. telling a friend about it), or non-verbal (i.e. thinking about it). A goal can be ANYmeasure that you put effort into meeting. We recognize that goals are self-determined and that the definition of success is unique to individuals. Have you everset fitness-related goals for yourself in the past? (As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 93YesNo0 20 40 60 80Percentage CountYesNoAverage Minimum Maximum CountYesNoDo you consider yourself to have been successful (by your own definition) in meeting those fitness-related goals that you have set? (As we aim to study a specificpopulation, selecting "no" will end the survey.) 88YesNo0 20 40 60Percentage CountYesNoAverage Minimum Maximum CountYesNoHow would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more than one answer) 72Reaching a quantifiable threshold (eg. benching 250lbs, lost 5kg ofweight)Achieving a competitive ranking (eg. placed 1st in nationals)Acquiring a juried position (eg. passed the tryouts for cheerleadingteam)Qualitative self-evaluation (eg. “I worked hard this month”)Other(s):0 10 20 30 40 50Percentage CountReaching a quantifiable threshold (eg. benching 250lbs, lost 5kg ofweight)Achieving a competitive ranking (eg. placed 1st in nationals)Acquiring a juried position (eg. passed the tryouts for cheerleadingteam)Qualitative self-evaluation (eg. “I worked hard this month”)Other(s):Q1 - Which of the following apply to you? (May select more than oneanswer. As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "none ofthe above" will end the survey.)Q2 - We are interested in exploring the attitudes and beliefs of people whoengage in exercise AND who perceive themselves to be successful in theirpursuit of physical activity-related goals. Do you currently engage inphysical activity every week? (by physical activity, this includes any formof intentionally exerting body movement to any degree of intensity) (As weaim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end the survey.)We are interested in exploring theattitudes and beliefs of people whoenga...Q3 - Goal-setting can take various forms, such as written (e.g. in ajournal), verbal (e.g. telling a friend about it), or non-verbal (i.e. thinkingabout it). A goal can be ANY measure that you put effort into meeting.We recognize that goals are self-determined and that the definition ofsuccess is unique to individuals. Have you ever set fitness-related goalsfor yourself in the past? (As we aim to study a specific population,selecting "no" will end the survey.)Goal-setting can take variousforms, such as written (e.g. in ajournal), v...Q4 - Do you consider yourself to have been successful (by your owndefinition) in meeting those fitness-related goals that you have set?(As we aim to study a specific population, selecting "no" will end thesurvey.)Do you consider yourself to have beensuccessful (by your own definition) i...Q6 - How would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more thanone answer) - Selected ChoiceResponses: 105Group 11 Facilitating Success in Fitness / Page 1What were mindsets (thoughts/beliefs) that led to your success? (1-3 sentence answer)you can do thisI want to be strongHaving fun while doing any sort of exercise is huge for me and thinking about the benefits in the long runBreaking the goal up into smaller goals, focusing on the next step instead of everything I still have to doBe disciplined and show up as often as I can.I went from 0 pull ups to 1, I can get to 5 pull upsReligion/becoming a better personWho’s gonna carry the boats? And the logs?I consistently reminded myself of the benefits of working out such as health-related ones. I also told myself that I was able to achieve my goals and that I am capable.Keeping a routine, constantly evaluating my current progress and not allowing myself to quit.summer bodyHaving a race day for my marathon helped. It was like a due date for a school project, having the date kept me accountableIdkKeeping positive is really important, when I think negative things about my progress it tends to hinder my progress. Also, being consistent and keeping yourself accountable to keepshowing up at the gym is important. Perseverance to never giving upBelieving that I could do it/putting aside beliefs that I could not do itDoing it because I could, making a habit of it, learning to enjoy itDon’t compare yourself give yourself grace but believe in your abilitiesinsecurities, proving to myself, dedicationConsistency over perfection. Fear of failure after committing myself to a goal. Imagining how good it would feel to accomplish my goal.Showing up takes you a long way. The next time they see you, you'll be different and for the better and they will realize what they lost. Show up for you. EVERY. DAY.I pursue strength, body positivity, and minimizing proneness to injury. I also attend the gym with a gym partner which motivates me.The greatest thing that helped me achieve my goal was believing I was capable of achieving it in the first place. I had to put aside any thoughts of doubt.Not staying fatIt was mostly because I really like doing yoga and it makes me feel empoweredThat I don’t have a choicePhysical activity is good for my healthIf by going to the gym and going to practice I can take my mind off school, therefore I should go as often as I can cause thinking about deadlines suckI want a good looking body and a girlfriendIt’s for my well being and nobody is forcing me to do itmental health and realizing that I need to take better care of myself if I want to be happierI was part of an accountability group where if we didn't make our weight loss goal each month, there was a small financial penalty. At the end of the 6 months, we spent the pool ofmoney on a good dinner together.I can always achieve more than my mind thinks - by pushing thru mental constraints I can achieve 30% moreThe intrinsic motivation and song selectionThat I need to commit to the gym, and not make excuses that I’m too busyConsistency and pushing myselfRest more. Dont push yourself. Slow and steady wins the race. Quality over quantity.Health is the most important thing while aging and is the easiest ecercise i can do considering time and how easy it is to do this.Keeping myself accountable for progressTeam success, try my bestbody dysmorphia :)Imagining how I will feel when completing the goalI stayed consistent, was locked in, and had a winner mentality.Determined mindset and usually also a time when I am able to focus a considerable amount of timeConsistencyto try is better than to not try at allPep talks before the gym to keep me motivated.I believed in myself and I trusted the training processDetermination/ healthMaintaining disciple was the most important mental goal for myself. I remembered how much better I felt after physical activity, and how much it helped regulate my stress levels.I was very motivated because I was unhappy with my appearanceClimbing: positive reinforcement and believing I can do it. The weight loss was more negative and led to body image/ not positive thoughts (I was lost).I knew that I had run 10k many times in the past, so I told myself that pushing myself to 15k was manageable and realistic. I also didn't put too much pressure on myself to achieve itwhen I left for the run -- I just decided to see what happens.Just leave the house even when I don’t feel like. Do fitness activities with friends to stay motivatedIt helps me with my mental health which motivates me to stay consistentThe biggest mindset was to be disciplined, sticking to my program even if I didn’t feel like sticking to it.I learned about how to slowy work towards a pull up (with the help of a the machine then bands, then trying with knees bent and trying with someone spotting). I also set the pull upgoal for myself in 2023 as my New Year’s resolution. I tried to do pull ups every time i went to the gym (3-5 times a week), and I was able to do one. Once I was able to do one I knewthat more would come easily to me as a lot of people have told me much of doing a pull up comes from believing in myself.That I won't feel accomplished at the end of the day if I don't succeed, or that I won't see the results that I want if I don't stick to my goal.commitment to going every week, knowing it was an achievable goalI’ve wanted to do the splits for a long time and it would be cool to achieve!I personally tell myself that any work for self improvement is good work. Being kind to myself and coaching that we’ve got this and we can do it!To keep going because summer is coming up and some of my vacations planned. I knew I could do it and I saw summer as my motivation.It will get easier each time I do it. I will feel better when I’m done!It’ll feel good physically and mentallyMaintaining consistencyconsistency and positive thinking.That I would be healthier if I did so. Also, that I need to build up tolerance to fitness. Finally, that the outcome would be worth it.I believed achieving this goal would help me enjoy life more (improving fitness opens doors and makes things easier!! And i enjoy running so setting a consistency goal helped meprioritise doing it more)Do not give up. It takes patience and time to see resultsJust keep tryingJust do itMostly knowing it we’ll help my depression and improve my mental health. My fear of gaining weight (which I’m trying to work through) is also partially motivatingDedication, resilienceIn regards to the ability for a person to achieve fitness-related goals, to what extent do you agree with the following statements? 701 5 7 40 172 13 28 20 715 38 12 5 00 0 2 32 36In regards to the ability for a person to achieve fitness-related goals, to what extent do you agree with the following statements? 703.96 1.00 5.00 703.24 1.00 5.00 702.10 1.00 4.00 704.49 3.00 5.00 70Didn’t meet physio goalsTrying out for a varsity team (September)Go gym three times a weekSquatting 135 pounds this academic yearDo more setsdeadlift 3 plates by the end of the summerI had a goal of being able to do lat pull downs at a weight of 70lbs consistently for 10 reps. I wasn’t able to meet that goal and still consistently sit at 50lbs.Squat 135 pr in 5 weeks prepgoing to gym 5 times a weekWorking out dailyStaying consistentFailing to increase weight lifted in Olympic weightlifting due to bad formGain weighLosing fat in certain areaslosing weight in pastBeing consistent with going swimmingStaying in a calorie deficitReach 160 lbs bodyweightI did not make the cut for my sport's national teamNot benching past 2 plates in 6 monthsI wanted to be able to start benching but couldn’tPull upsNot Going to the gym on the day I was going to goWinning tournamentMaintain my 5 day/week weight training schedule throughout universityNo letting school get in the waytried to be consistent in working out last exam season and ended up not even doing anything when things got busyReducing mile timeRowing for 2.5 Km at 2:20 per 500 mgoing every day of the week to danceBeing able to do pull-ups by the end of last yearGiving up on running after a few weeksTo do a pull up after a year of training.Failed to follow the instructions from my physiotherapistGaining 10lbs over 2 months to go from 180lbs bw to 190lbs bwGo to gym 4times a weekdeceeasing my mile timeNoneI was a little slow with my cut.Doing a pull up lol it has just never happened no matter how hard I have triedLow body fat percentloose weightBenching as much as I wanted to by nowrun a sub 90 minute half marathonTimeBench 135Benching 135lbsI tried to start trail running and failed at reaching my time goal for the 5k last week.bench press 30lbs dumbells for 4 sets at 10 repsMaking a high level dance teamSquat 100lbsSticking to my diet and maintaining leannessLosing 5-10kg, I lost around 5 but I kept gaining it back and losing it in the span of a year.Do cardio 1-2 times every weeksquat prDoing 10 pushupsWanting to return to running, I tried a little but I’m not being consistentEating more meals. I’m not consistent, which I can see negatively influence my fitness journey.Planning to go to a group class once a weekObtaining a split before a given deadlineAttempted squat PRfailed to bench press 100lbsLosing 5 extra pounds.I didnt hit the 300 lbs deadlift i wanted to hit last springGo to spin class three times a weekN/AI don’t set very strict timeline for myselfI haven’t started roller skating againDidn’t go to gymHow would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more than one answer) 6964% 441% 14% 332% 227% 5Specific exercise relatedSelf modivation trying to do betterN/AForgot toNot being good enoug, saying i didnt try hard enoughI don’t have timeI’m not dedicated enough to get there, what’s the point of being able to do it anywayIs it really useful?not really anything to do with mindset i’m just attempting to DL more than twice my body weight. God knows i did my best to “get in the zone” every time i attempted through mentaland chemical meansI took it too easily at first, letting myself more freely pull at a lower weight and not increasing the weight enough. I took the lazy route, which didn’t allow me to build enough strength intime.Thinking of it as a big weight, not having a schedule and training properly.summer bodyI realized it didn’t matter. There are just some days it’s not sustainable for my body, it wasn’t the right goal for meLazinessNot focusing on the basics enough and rushing just so I could look cooler by lifting more weightMy metabolism just doesn’t allow me to do itBeing too nitpickyletting in, it’s not that bad, stress, i’m just biologically set up for failureThis goal was not a priority in my life and other things that were more important ended up taking overOne dessert won't change my progress. I've failed already so might as well give up and start again tomorrowI have not eaten enough to gain weight because of financial stress. Stress about other aspects of life limiting my time to cook also leads to my lack of eating. I also value eating healthy,and this limits my ability to consume sufficient protein and calories because my appetite limits my consumption and to consume enough to gain weight while eating healthy requireseating more than what might feel natural.I did not put forth my best effort leading up to evaluation. I allowed myself to give up.Busy scheduleUnder confidence and self doubtNot practicing enoughI am lazyI think I didn’t put myself to a high enough standard, being one of the first tournaments I’ve been to, there might have been some part of me that was okay with losingUnderestimating the workload of 1st year engineeringI’m too busy or tiredneeding to be perfect or not do it at all. I could not achieve everything I wanted to, so i just ended up giving upThat school/work was more important. Guilt over working out when deadlines were approaching.It wasn’t a belief or mindset - it’s was pain due to a herniated disc I’m recovering fromI was busy and the studio is only open at specific times which I wasn’t able to attendI don’t think it was a mindset thing, I guess maybe I just didn’t work hard enough or maybe I need more time or better techniqueConsistency and getting outsideI’m not seeing results so I never willTiredness, no time or doubt its effectiveness.N/A, I got pneumonia and lost a lot of weightAll or nothingburnoutI haven’t set myself many goalsNot as consistent with cardio.I think it has been a general lack of focus and difficulty choosing just one goal to really focus onGenetic predisposition of bodyfatnot being strict enough with myselfToo high of a goalMy training leading up to this race was not strong (in my mind, it was weak) and during the race, I let go of my goal.MotivationI don’t like the exercise of bench lifting and often avoid it. Since I didn’t put effort towards improve my current bench I did not meet my goal.I wouldn’t say that I failed cause I have no timeline for my goal, I just expected to reach it faster. I haven’t managed to do so yet because I sometimes get too stressed about otheraspects of my life that I don’t have time to focus of progress in the gymI think I got into my head that I couldn’t do it (not fit enough or too heavy and short legs)When the reps started to get difficult and I felt fatigued, I assumed I couldn't push myself anymore and I quit.Not practicing enough. Being nervous day of audition.N/ABeing relaxed with my diet and allowing myself to cheat on it. This lead to excessive cheatingI think losing weight have always been something I struggled with as I stress eat and have really bad body dysmorphia. Whenever I try a diet it works for the first 2 weeks or so and then Islowly stop, leading me to gain back the weight even if I didn’t start eating a lot. I think mostly it was my body dysmorphia and binge eating that stopped me.Cardio that doesn't involve playing a sport is hard, and not funwasnt dedicated enough, kind of thought I couldnt do it to begin withI can’t do it no matter how much I practiceFeeling down and constantly making excuses for why not to do it. Too tired, it’s raining etcThinking that it would be easy to eat more meals in the day when I’m not usually used to itFeeling too busy and too tired after long days of work.It’s just not what my body can do yet and my goal timeline was too rushedBelieving I had done the requisite amount of strength training to hit the new Pr.I didn’t take pre workoutThat I would need to work extremely hard to do so. And, that I would have to reach it soon. Finally, that I would be unable to reach it quickly.I really burned out on powerlifting at the same time that i was also going throigh some life changes so i just didnt have the motivation to do the last bit ofntraining i needed to foNo time in my week for thisN/AAs long as I’m becoming stronger, I don’t really care I meet quantitative goals or notI often push it off in favour of “more productive” uses of my time such as studying or cleaningLaziness, lack of productivityHow important are these factors in your journey towards fitness/health success? 698 3 21 31 612 14 14 22 72 3 8 24 322 4 6 32 2515 14 18 15 77 12 14 22 1423 14 15 12 52 4 8 27 2813 17 16 22 117 7 20 13 12How important are these factors in your journey towards fitness/health success? 694.23 1.00 6.00 693.80 1.00 6.00 695.14 1.00 6.00 695.04 1.00 6.00 693.57 1.00 6.00 694.25 1.00 6.00 693.12 1.00 6.00 695.06 1.00 6.00 693.54 1.00 6.00 693.70 1.00 6.00 69Have you ever worked with a personal trainer at one of the facilities operated by UBC Recreation? 696% 41% 155% 386% 422% 1510% 7In regards to the ability for a person to achieve fitness-related goals, to what extent do you agree with the following statements? 70Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agreeSome people are naturally more fit than others due to unalterablefactors l...I am a person who has a genetic predisposition for fitness.People who are not genetically predisposed to being fit will never beas fi...You can substantially improve your fitness level with effortregardless of...0 10 20 30 40Strongly disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly agreeSome people are naturally more fitthan others due to unalterable factorsl...I am a person who has a geneticpredisposition for fitness.People who are not geneticallypredisposed to being fit will never beas fi...You can substantially improve yourfitness level with effort regardless of...Average Minimum Maximum CountSome people are naturally more fit thanothers due to unalterable factors l...I am a person who has a geneticpredisposition for fitness.People who are not genetically predisposedto being fit will never be as fi...You can substantially improve your fitnesslevel with effort regardless of...How would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more than one answer) 69Reaching a quantifiable threshold (eg. benching 250lbs, lost 5kg ofweight)Achieving a competitive ranking (eg. placed 1st in nationals)Acquiring a juried position (eg. passed the tryouts for cheerleadingteam)Qualitative self-evaluation (eg. “I worked hard this month”)Other(s):0 10 20 30 40Percentage CountReaching a quantifiable threshold (eg. benching 250lbs, lost 5kg ofweight)Achieving a competitive ranking (eg. placed 1st in nationals)Acquiring a juried position (eg. passed the tryouts for cheerleadingteam)Qualitative self-evaluation (eg. “I worked hard this month”)Other(s):How important are these factors in your journey towards fitness/health success? 69Not important Slightly important Neutral Important Very importantWorking aloneMeasuring progress data (eg. journalling, visualizing graphs)Affordability (eg. low gym membership prices)Setting and sticking to a personal scheduleCollaborating with peersPositive verbal reinforcement from others (e.g. words ofencouragement).Having the support of a coach, personal trainer and/or other fitnessprofes...Convenience (eg. being in proximity to a gym)Owning equipment (eg. high quality/brand-name running shoes)Being assigned a schedule0 5 10 15 20 25 30Not important Slightly important Neutral Important Very importantWorking aloneMeasuring progress data (eg. journalling,visualizing graphs)Affordability (eg. low gym membershipprices)Setting and sticking to a personalscheduleCollaborating with peersPositive verbal reinforcement fromothers (e.g. words of encouragement).Having the support of a coach, personaltrainer and/or other fitness profes...Convenience (eg. being in proximity to agym)Owning equipment (eg. highquality/brand-name running shoes)Being assigned a scheduleAverage Minimum Maximum CountWorking aloneMeasuring progress data (eg. journalling, visualizinggraphs)Affordability (eg. low gym membership prices)Setting and sticking to a personal scheduleCollaborating with peersPositive verbal reinforcement from others (e.g.words of encouragement).Having the support of a coach, personal trainerand/or other fitness profes...Convenience (eg. being in proximity to a gym)Owning equipment (eg. high quality/brand-namerunning shoes)Being assigned a scheduleHave you ever worked with a personal trainer at one of the facilities operated by UBC Recreation? 69Yes, for some time/currentlyYes, but withdrewNo, decided not toNo, still decidingNo, never heard of this programNo, working/worked with a personal trainer not associated with UBCRecreation0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35Percentage CountYes, for some time/currentlyYes, but withdrewNo, decided not toNo, still decidingNo, never heard of this programNo, working/worked with a personal trainer not associated with UBCRecreationIn regards to the ability for a person toachieve fitness-related goals, to...In regards to the ability for a person to achievefitness-related goals, to...Q10 - How would you best classify this form of goal? (May select more thanone answer) - Selected ChoiceHow important are these factors in yourjourney towards fitness/health succ...How important are these factors in your journeytowards fitness/health succ...Q13 - Have you ever worked with a personal trainer at one of the facilities operatedby UBC Recreation?Have you ever worked with a personal trainer at one of the facilities operated by UBC Recreation? 691.00 1.00 1.00 46.00 6.00 6.00 12.00 2.00 2.00 384.00 4.00 4.00 45.00 5.00 5.00 157.00 7.00 7.00 7Planned things out for me, made it so I didn’t have to think about it, I only had to do it.Held me accountableAllowed me to be more confident at the gym aloneHe adjusted my squat and deadlift form to be more efficient and better on my body.Encouragement, accountabilityGiving me programs, doing the math / brain work to let me know how to change if needed to be more effectiveProvided direction, right way to do exercisesno personal trainerHelped me with form on exercises. Kept me consistent with the appointmentsmotivates me, believes in me, and sets me goals that are difficult but within my reachRegular contact helped build consistent habitsSORRY i thoight the question was asking if you ARE a personal trainer (i am) ive never worked with one here but i am one!! So sorry to throe pff your data!!!Had too many clients. Didn’t feel personal, more like I was just a paycheque to them.I stopped enjoying my fitness journey and was maybe too obsessed with numbersShowed me how far I am from my goalsN/ARelianceSometimes they have wacky diet tips and stuff they try to shareNAno personal trainerOdd being watched sometimes. Wasn’t as motivatingNAThey weren’t always receptive to my feedback to adapt the strategy.N/aN/ASay you get to build a Personal Trainer perfect for yourself. How helpful are each of the following traits of your Trainer to best help you reach success in yourhealth/fitness goals? (A personal trainer is an individual who prescribes a health/fitness program personalized to your needs and goals; working one-to-one withyou and providing instruction, guidance, and motivation to aid your success.) 675 12 8 33 95 9 15 22 1612 16 14 21 41 13 15 26 124 7 18 27 110 2 5 17 430 5 11 17 344 9 20 18 1617 16 24 9 110 11 16 18 12Say you get to build a Personal Trainer perfect for yourself. How helpful are each of the following traits of your Trainer to best help you reach success in yourhealth/fitness goals? (A personal trainer is an individual who prescribes a health/fitness program personalized to your needs and goals; working one-to-one withyou and providing instruction, guidance, and motivation to aid your success.) 673.43 1.00 5.00 673.52 1.00 5.00 672.84 1.00 5.00 673.52 1.00 5.00 673.51 1.00 5.00 674.51 2.00 5.00 674.19 2.00 5.00 673.49 1.00 5.00 672.42 1.00 5.00 673.16 1.00 5.00 67Noyour Likert scale for the previous section doesn’t really work. “neutral” isn’t logically between “slightly” and “moderately” helpful. Also I think you miss options for the type of personaltrainer who encourages you through less positive ways. If i were to get a personal trainer i don’t need someone who tells me everything i’m doing is great and that it’s okay to miss a day ifim busy, i want a trainer who tells me to run an extra mile because i was slow on the last one or to do one more set because my form got sloppy and the last set didn’t count.N/ANoNAAdd a weight scale in the birdcoop gym, enforces positive weight trackingIt’s taken a lot of time to find what works for me and what works for me won’t necessarily work for others.N/AThank you!NopenoNoNope :)I think the mental heath aspect of fitness is important and barley discussed.n/aLove what you guys are doing! Keep up the great work :)You might consider in the future changing scale anchors! Neutral between slightly important and important seemed a bit odd.N/ANoAverage Minimum Maximum CountYes, for some time/currentlyYes, but withdrewNo, decided not toNo, still decidingNo, never heard of this programNo, working/worked with a personal trainer notassociated with UBC RecreationWhat were reasons for not using the UBC Recreation Personal Trainer program? (1-2 sentences)No data found - your filters may be too exclusive!Say you get to build a Personal Trainer perfect for yourself. How helpful are each of the following traits of your Trainer to best help you reach success in yourhealth/fitness goals? (A personal trainer is an individual who prescribes a health/fitness program personalized to your needs and goals; working one-to-one withyou and providing instruction, guidance, and motivation to aid your success.) 67Not at all helpful Somewhat helpful Neutral Helpful Very helpfulFlexible pace of training (eg. slower pace during exam season)Closely manages habits (eg. nutrition) outside of physical trainingAllows for a spontaneous scheduleKeeps a rigid scheduleFlexibility of training locationPositive, friendly social relationshipFrequent positive reinforcement and motivationEverchanging options of training rather than repetitionTraining in group settingsInclusivity/representation (eg. a trainer of the same ...0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40Not at all helpful Somewhat helpful Neutral Helpful Very helpfulFlexible pace of training (eg. slower pace during examseason)Closely manages habits (eg. nutrition) outside ofphysical trainingAllows for a spontaneous scheduleKeeps a rigid scheduleFlexibility of training locationPositive, friendly social relationshipFrequent positive reinforcement and motivationEverchanging options of training rather than repetitionTraining in group settingsInclusivity/representation (eg. a trainer of the sameethnicity/gender/age...Average Minimum Maximum CountFlexible pace of training (eg. slower pace during exam season)Closely manages habits (eg. nutrition) outside of physicaltrainingAllows for a spontaneous scheduleKeeps a rigid scheduleFlexibility of training locationPositive, friendly social relationshipFrequent positive reinforcement and motivationEverchanging options of training rather than repetitionTraining in group settingsInclusivity/representation (eg. a trainer of the sameethnicity/gender/age...Q5 - Topics 72Unknown204060No data found - your filters may be too exclusive!Q5 - Parent TopicsQ5 - Sentiment 72Negative Neutral Positive204060Q5 - Sentiment Score 72-1 0 1204060Q5 - Sentiment Polarity 720204060No data found - your filters may be too exclusive!Q5 - Topic Sentiment LabelNo data found - your filters may be too exclusive!Q5 - Topic Sentiment ScoreQ5 - Actionability 72other suggestions204060Q5 - Effort 72Hard Neutral204060Q5 - Effort Numeric 72-1 0204060Q5 - Emotion 72Anger Frustration None204060Q5 - Emotion Intensity 72Low Medium None204060No data found - your filters may be too exclusive!Q5 - Topic HierarchyHave you ever worked with a personal trainer at oneof the facilities opera...Say you get to build a Personal Trainer perfect for yourself.How helpful a...Say you get to build a Personal Trainer perfect for yourself. Howhelpful a...
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Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Undergraduate
UBC Social Ecological Economic Development Studies (SEEDS) Student Report
University of British Columbia. KIN 464
Community
Health
Wellbeing
Facilitating Success in Fitness : Exploring the Beliefs, Mindsets, and Perspectives of University Students in Pursuit of Physical Activity Achievements
Text