"CONTENTdm"@en . "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1210082"@en . "University Publications"@en . "2015-07-17"@en . "1970-03-25"@en . "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/ubcreports/items/1.0118440/source.json"@en . "application/pdf"@en . " REPORTS\nVOLUME 16, NUMBER ELEVEN\nMARCH 25, 1970, VANCOUVER 8, B.C.\nCO\nc\n3\no fe\n* o\nNew Life for the Earth Sciences\nSee Pages Two and Three\nSee Pages Eight and Nine\nH\nm\na\nForeign Academics in Canada\nUBC Buys St. Mark's Residences\nSee Page Ten UBC President Walter Gage is forming an Earth\nSciences Committee to co-ordinate inter-disciplinary\nresearch in the earth sciences.\nThe committee will include representatives from\nthe Departments of Metallurgy, Civil Engineering and\nMineral Engineering in the Faculty of Applied\nScience, the Departments of Geology and Geophysics\nin the Faculty of Science, the Soil Science\nDepartment in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences,\nand the Institute of Oceanography.\nCo-ordination of earth science techniques is\nnecessary because work in this area can no longer be\nsharply defined by discipline. It is becoming\nincreasingly common for the various earth sciences to\ndeal with the same problems. Solution of these\nproblems will require inter-disciplinary co-operation.\nThe earth science disciplines are being brought\ntogether physically under a long-term scheme to\nestablish an Earth Sciences Complex of buildings in\nthe southern section of UBC's central academic core.\nThe hub of the complex will be the $4-million\nGeological Sciences Center. Construction of the\nCenter at West Mall and Stores Road will begin this\nspring.\nThe earth science disciplines have pooled their\ntalents and resources on a number of ventures in the\npast. Their most recent project is to bring the\nsub-economic ore deposits of western Canada into\nprofitable operation.\nMAKE INVENTORY\nInvolved in this project are the Departments of\nGeology, Metallurgy and Mineral Engineering, which\ntogether form one of the largest concentration of\nmining brain power in North America.\nThe departments are drawing up an inventory of\nknown deposits which cannot be exploited profitably\nusing today's technology.\nThey are also planning to install a comprehensive\nanalytical facility to assay samples from the ore\nbodies.\n\"To be able to evaluate the economic feasibility of\n2/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970\nlow-grade ore bodies we must know what amounts of\nmetals are present during each step of mineral\nexploration, mining, mineral concentration and\nmetallurgical processing,\" said Prof. John B. Evans,\nhead of the Department of Mineral Engineering.\n\"A significant proportion of the basic equipment\nfor the laboratory is scattered among the three\ndepartments. The equipment will be co-ordinated\ninto one major facility which will be part of the Earth\nSciences Complex.\"\nCANADIAN CONTROL\nCanadian participation in B.C.'s mining ventures is\ngreater than most people think. According to the\nMining Association of B.C., about 80 per cent of the\nmajor operating mining companies in the province or\nthose about to go into operation are under effective\nCanadian control.\nMining is already B.C.'s second industry. Total\nvalue of mineral production in B.C. this year will be\nabout $500 million. Mineral production in 1958,\nexpressed in today's dollars, was $200 million.\nIf only the value of future production which has\nalready been announced is taken into consideration,\nmineral production in 1975 will probably total $1\nbillion, according to Prof. Evans.\nYet even $1 billion per year is far below potential\nmineral production of the province. An area similar in\nsize and geology in the Western Cordillera in the\nUnited States currently produces $4 billion of metal\nwealth annually.\nExpansion of B.C.'s mining industry is really\nsynonymous with development of the Interior. In\n1958, eight per cent of the 11,200 people directly\nemployed by the industry in B.C. lived in the\nnorthern half of the province.\nLast year 33 per cent of the 14,300 people\ndirectly employed lived in the northern section.\nMining development will mean the expansion of\npower, transportation and social services throughout\nthe Interior.\nCo-ordination of the resources of the three\nDEAN LIAM FINN\ndepartments in a single project is quite logical, since\neach discipline is responsible for a segment of the\nproduction process from exploration to metal\nfabrication. ^fjk\nGeological techniques are used to discover the ore\nbody and determine its size and shape and value.\nMining engineers extract the ore from the ground and\nmineral processing engineers crush and grind it and\nproduce a metal concentrate. Metallurgists extract\nand refine metals from the mineral concentrate to\nproduce finished products.\nExploration and development are closely related.\nFor this reason field trips have been organized this\nyear to operating mines in B.C. for students in\nMineral Engineering. The last trip was a mixed group\nof geology and engineering students.\nGeophysical techniques can also be used in\nexploration. The Geophysics Department in the\nFaculty of Science occupies the old B.C. Research\nCouncil building immediately east of the Geological\nSciences Center. It is the major source of exploration\ngeophysicists at the B.Sc. level in Canada and one of\nthe principal sources in North America.\nDOUBLE ENROLMENT\nThe department produces about 50 per cent of the\nCanadian graduates in this field. Half of UBC's\ngeophysics graduates who go into industry are\nabsorbed by the mining industry and half go into oil\nand gas exploration.\nThe Mineral Engineering Department is one of the\nthree major mining schools remaining in Canada. It\nhas eight students in their final year, 12 in their third\nand nine students in second year. Prof. Evans said his\ndepartment could double its enrolment using existing\nfacilities.\n\"And I want to double our enrolment as quickly\nas possible,\" he said. \"Industry is desperate for\nmining and mineral processing engineers. Two B.C.\ncompanies wanted to hire our entire graduating class,\nthis year. One company got three and the other\nnone.\" PROF. JOHN B. EVANS\nHe said the only limiting factor on student\nenrolment is student interest in the discipline.\nThe Metallurgy Department, located in the Frank\nfA-^L\rward Building for metallurgy adjacent to the\nGeological Sciences Center, is the largest in Canada.\nBIG ENROLMENT\nUBC's Geology Department is the largest in the\nwestern world. About 1,200 students are taking\ngeology in the 1969-70 session.\nNearly 30 per cent of the students enrolled in first\nyear geology are science students. More than 43 per\ncent are in the Faculty of Applied Science and 15\nper cent are in the Faculty of Arts.\n\"Though they form a small portion of our total\nenrolment, their interest indicates to me at least that\nthere is a general appreciation of the subject in\nsociety,\" said Prof. W.H. Mathews, head of the\ndepartment.\nSince 1916 the department has produced more\nthan 700 graduates, about 20 per cent of all\ngeologists in Canada and one out of every 60 trained\nin North America. In the past five years it has\ngraduated nearly 25 per cent of all geologists in\nCanada.\nIts graduates have directly or indirectly\ncontributed to the discovery of $35 billion of mineral\nresources in Canada and $13 billion in B.C.\nThe department will be the main occupant of the\nGeological Sciences Center.\nUBC is contributing $930,000 towards the\nbuilding, close to one-sixth of its 1970 provincial\ncapital grant. Companies and indivicuals connected\nwith the mineral industry are being asked to\ncontribute $3.1 million.\nThe mineral industry supported the 3 Universities\nCapital Fund launched in 1964. Simon Fraser\nUniversity and the University of Victoria were also\nt involved in the drive. UBC's 42 per cant share of the\ncontributions from the mineral industry amounted to\n$1.4 million.\nPROF. WILLIAM MATHEWS\nThe money to a large extent made possible the\nconstruction of the $2.6-million Frank A. Forward\nBuilding for Metallurgy and renovation of the B.C.\nResearch Council building for the Geophysics\nDepartment for $384,650.\nThe University's search for new metal resources\nisn't limited to land. The Mineral Engineering\nDepartment is interested in developing techniques in\nconjunction with the Institute of Oceanography to\nextract minerals from the sea and the ocean floor.\n\"The world faces a critical shortage of metals,\"\nsaid Prof. Evans, \"so we had better develop\ntechnology now which we will need in the not too\ndistant future.\n\"Through the processes of weather and erosion the\nsea is constantly receiving minerals from the land. If\nwe could find a way of recovering these minerals\neconomically \u00E2\u0080\u0094 possibly by extraction techniques\nnow being studied \u00E2\u0080\u0094 we could save for man's use a\nportion of the metals perpetually being lost to the\noceans.\"\nExtension of mineral engineering into the ocean is\npart of a scheme to establish a program of Ocean\nEngineering in the Faculty of Applied Science,\nstarting at the graduate level. \"Most of the traditional\ndepartments in the Faculty have interests in the sea,\"\nsaid Prof. Liam Finn, Dean of the Faculty of Applied\nScience. \"Food resources from the sea will involve\nAgricultural Engineering. Power generation might\ninvolve Electrical Engineering. And there are the\nproblem areas of underwater stability of the\ncontinental shelf, soil engineering and oil exploration.\nREAP BENEFITS\n\"There is an urgency for us to start on this kind of\nwork. Quite simply, if we don't develop our own\noff-shore resources, someone else will do it for us and\nreap the benefits.\n\"Increased resources are being allocated to the\nMineral Engineering Department so that it can go into\nthe ocean yet at the same time continue its concern\nfor the day-to-day problems of the mining industry.\"\nREVIEW\nBEGINS BY\nCOMMITTEE\nUBC's Senior Appointments Committee met\nyesterday (Tuesday) under the chairmanship of\nDean B.E. Riedel to begin a review of two\ndisputed tenure cases.\nThe committee has been asked by President\nWalter H. Gage to conduct a thorough and\nimpartial review of the cases of Dr. David Powell\nand Mr. Brian Mayne, assistant professors in the\nDepartment of English, who are protesting\nrecommendations that they not be granted\ntenure, or permanency of employment.\nDean Riedel, who is head of UBC's Faculty of\nPharmaceutical Sciences, said the committee will\nrespond to President Gage's wish that the matter\nbe dealt with as expeditiously as possible.\nDISCUSS PROCEDURES\nThe purpose of yesterday's meeting was to\ndiscuss procedures to be followed in conducting\nthe review, Dean Riedel said.\n\"I can't predict when the committee will be\nable to arrive at its decision on this very difficult\nand controversial matter,\" he said, \"but I want\nto assure the entire Universtiy community that\nwe will move as rapidly as possible, compatible\nwith the need to examine very carefully all the\nissues that have been raised.\"\nHe said he could not say precisely what\nprocedures the committee will adopt, but he\nsaid he expected the committee would be willing\nto have the central figures in the dispute appear\nbefore it to state their positions and to answer\nquestions. These would include Mr. Mayne and\nDr. Powell; Prof. Robert Jordan, head of the\nDepartment of English; and Dr. D.T. Kenny,\nActing Dean of Arts.\nHe said he will also suggest to the committee\nthat it will probably be necessary to call on\nscholars from other universities for opinions on\nthe scholarly works of Dr. Powell and Mr.\nMayne, one of the issues in question.\nThe Senior Appointments Committee is a\nbody appointed by the President and normally\ndeals with recommendations for appointment,\nre-appointment and promotion at the rank of\nassociate professor or above.\nSPECIAL EDITION\nIt consists of 28 senior faculty members\ndrawn from almost all Faculties and a wide\nrange of academic disciplines. \"It's about as\nrepresentative as a committee of workable size\ncan be,\" Dean Riedel said.\n(The dispute surrounding the granting of\ntenure to the two English Department professors\nwas debated at four campus rallies recently. A\nsummary of the opinions expressed at the rallies\nwas carried in the March 18 campus edition of\nUBC Reports. A copy of that edition can be\nobtained by writing to the Department of\nInformation Services, UBC, Vancouver 8).\nUBC Reports/March 25, 1970/3 OPEN HOUSE 70\nTorrential rain on Friday, March 6, forced B.C.'s\nLieutenant-Governor, the Honorable John Nicholson, to declare\nOpen House 70 officially open from the dry confines of the\nlobby of the Frederic Wood Theatre. Seated at the left of Mr.\nNicholson in the photo above are Mrs. Nicholson and Gordon\nMcNab, student chairman of the Open House Committee.\nFriday's rain didn't prevent thousands of elementary and high\nschool students from visiting the campus. On Saturday, March\n7, the second day of Open House, the weather cleared so that\nstudent rock groups (below) could perform for spectators\nsunning themselves on the steps of the Student Union Building.\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094 will you just hold vol .\nhorses for a minute. I don't know what's got into you. All\nthose nice students are getting ready to play their rock and\nroll music and all you want to do is run off and see the\nexhibits in the Physics Building.\n\"Boy this sure is a big campus. I must have walked a\nhundred miles today looking at all those displays the\nstudents set up for Open House. They sure do a great job.\n\"Such a nice lot of young people too. Not at all like\nthose radicals you read about in the newspapers and see on\ntelevision with their signs and placards and demonstrations.\n\"Those students are certainly concerned about the\npollution issue. Almost everywhere you go on the campus\nyou see something about it And that computer! Didn't'\nunderstand a word they said about it, but it eertainly was-\nimpressive.\n\"Daddy says he wants to have a look at the medical v\nbuildings now, Billy, fto, you can't have arcythin&^'e|pf\nWhy I bought you a big hamburger and. a drink flinty '**.\nhour ago.\n\u00C2\u00BB \" \u00E2\u0080\u00A2\u00E2\u0096\u00A0'\"\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0( \"i\nBilly, wait fot us or I won't take yoii tQthea^ittitturW 'fe*'\nbuilding to see the ojflO ^ , j^.'/v;., ?^2&\n//yj.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0: \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0* \u00E2\u0096\u00A0.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0)-:\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\n=\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 \u00E2\u0080\u00A2 v\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0c\nr-MMjlUiJfg\n4/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970 Pavilion built by the Chinese Varsity Club in the\nWomen's Gymnasium, above, was one of the most\nattractive displays at Open House 70 on March 6\nand 7. Visitors could try their hand at painting\nChinese characters on paper strips. Perrenial Open\n.House favorite is the glassblowing display put on\nby Mr. John Lees, of UBC's Physics Department.\nAt far right he displays a glass trombone created\nduring the show. Many of the UBC science\ndepartments and allied professional schools used\nmicroscopes to illustrate various facets of their\nwork. The one on the right in the Faculty of\nforestry was a magnet for small boys. All photos\non Pages Four and Five by UBC Extension Graphic\nArts.\nUBC Reports/March 25, 1970/5 I study and research\ntrip to Venice has\ntransported a group of\n'UBC architecture students\nout of the ivory tower and into\nthe real world. The students are\ncontinuing their regular course work for credit toward\ntheir degrees at UBC while at the same time conducting\nan on-the-spot study of urban renewal in Venice,\nfinanced by a $10,000 research grant from the Venice\nIsland of Studies Association.\nTwo groups of architecture students are participating\nin the study-and-research project. The first group of\nabout 40 students spent the first term in Venice and\nreturned to the UBC campus at Christmas. The second\ngroup left for Venice in mid-January and will continue\nresearch and studies there until the end of term.\nUBC architecture professor Abraham Rogatnick, who\nis a member of the Venice Studies Association with a\nlong-standing interest in the history of Venetian\narchitecture, helped make the trip possible. He and\nRandle Iredale of Rhone and Iredale, a Vancouver\narchitecture firm, provide most of the formal lectures.\nThe students, who studied Italian in preparation for\nthe trip and took a library of about 200 texts with them,\nalso hear lectures from Venetian civic officials and\nprofessionals and from visiting European architects.\nThe streets and canals of Venice become living\ntextbooks as the students encounter in reality many\nof the famous structures they had previously only seen\nin books.\nWhile in Venice the students and professors, many of\nthem accompanied by their wives and children, have\nbeen living in a renovated 18th century palace.\nFor two third-year architecture students who\nparticipated - Larry McFarland and Denis Christianson\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094 the change in learning environment and the communal\nliving arrangements became \"a continuing 24-hour-a-day\nlearning experience of one form or another.\"\nPERCEPTION ALTERED\nBeing able to leave the UBC campus and continue\ntheir studies as registered UBC students in another part\nof the world has altered their perception of the role of\nthe university. For them it has become a resource tool\nfor studying the world at large.\n\"I think there should always be an institution such as\na university to structure lectures and courses for those\n/ /\nUBC architecture students stayed at\nPalazzo Scertman, a former palace now\noperated as a hotel, during their study\nvisit to Venice. The cool and elegant\ndining room at top left was equipped\nwith a glass chandelier. Below, students\ngather around an instructor at the edge\nof a canal. On the other side of the canal\ncan be seen the campanile of famed St.\nMark's Cathedral at right and the domes\nand towers of the Church of Santa Maria\nDelia Salute. The latter church is shown\ncloseup at right. First year students wait\non the steps of the church to hear a\nlecture about it and Baroque\narchitecture in general from Professor\nAbraham Rogatnick, a member of the\nVenice Studies Association, whose\nresearch on Venice was instrumental in\nobtaining a grant to enable architecture\nstudents to undertake the study trip. All\nphotos were taken by students.\n6/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970 who need and want this type of service, but I think a lot\nof students are capable of structuring their own\nprograms. They could form into smaller units, go\nanywhere in the world, and use the university and its\nstandards as a reference point for their studies,\" said\nDenis Christianson.\nCONTRAST NOTED\n\"This need not apply just to architects,\" added Larry.\n\"Experiencing another kind of environment is an\neducational experience that could be equally useful for a\nsociologist, engineer, or any one of a number of other\nprofessions.\"\nLarry said he enjoyed dealing \"with real problems\ninstead of tissue paper ones\" and added: \"The Venice\nexperience develops you as a whole person, and this is\nthe kind of education that should be encouraged...not\njust the small textbook kind.\"\nBoth Larry and Denis came back with vivid\nimpressions of the contrast between the learning\nenvironment in Venice and on the UBC campus. They\nmiss the close people-contact possible within a small\ncohesive group and feel lost once again in the anonymity\nof UBC's crowds.\n\"When we came back the contrast between the two\nlearning environments was startling. As a group we\nbecame quite close and now we are separated again,\"\nsaid Denis.\nLarry and Denis also noticed contrasts between the\nway Venice and most North American cities function as\ncities. \"In Venice the downtown area is not a\nconcentration of building forms. It is a concentration of\nactivities. Here we classify the buildings as the\ndowntown core, instead of the activities.\"\nHE study being done\nby UBC students in\nVenice involved re-\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0'\"\"} search on the cultural, social and economic effects of revitaliza-\ntion of two economically\n'decaying areas of Venice.\n'^One of the areas includes a\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 new hospital project based on a\nradical design by the late architect\nLe Corbusier and the other includes a large congress hall\nproject designed by noted U.S. architect Louis Kahn.\nResults of the study will be published and given to\ncivic officials in Venice, the Venice Studies Association,\nand other interested bodies.\nUBC students watched the annual \"historic regatta\" of\nVenetian gondolas from the balcony of a palazzo on the\nGrand Canal.\nUBC students about to stage a \"happening.\" They played\nthe part of well-disciplined tourists, marching in unison and\nsnapping photographs simultaneously on command from\nfirst year student Chuck Barrett at left. The natives were\ndelighted and some applauded.\nLight floods through a glass curtain seen by the students\nduring a visit to a Venetian manufacturing firm specializing\nin glass for architectural purposes.\nUBC Reports/March 25, 1970/7 9)\na.\nI\nMR. ROBIN MATHEWS\nDR. JAMES STEELE\nCONTROVERSY\nHAS CENTERED AROUND\nTHE IDEAS OF TWO CARLETON UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS, MR. ROBIN MATHEWS\nAND DR. JAMES STEELE, WHO HAVE SUGGESTED THAT CANADA IS COMMITTING\n\"CULTURAL GENOCIDE\" BY ALLOWING UNLIMITED IMMIGRATION OF FOREIGN\n(AND ESPECIALLY AMERICAN) UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS INTO CANADA. THE TWO\nPROFESSORS VISITED UBC RECENTLY TO TAKE PART IN A SERIES OF DEBATES ON\nAMERICAN DOMINATION OF CANADA. UBC REPORTS EDITOR JIM BANHAM REVIEWS\nTHE MATHEWS-STEELE SUGGESTIONS AND REPORTS THEIR UBC VISIT IN THE\nARTICLE BELOW.\nBY JIM BANHAM\nEditor, UBC Reports\nTen years ago Canadians were worrying about the\n\"brain drain\" \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the disappearance into the United\nStates of the best products of Canadian universities.\nIn 1970, largely because of a couple of Ottawa\nuniversity professors, Canadians are worrying about\nthe influx of foreign (and especially American)\nuniversity teachers and accusations that Canadian\nuniversities are becoming academic banana republics.\nSPARK DEBATE\nWhat is characterized by Mr. Robin Mathews and\nDr. James Steele, the Carleton University professors\nwho started the discussion, as \"the struggle for\nCanadian universities\" began in December, 1968, at\nthe institution where both teach English.\nAt a meeting of the Carleton University Staff\nAssociation, Mr. Mathews and Dr. Steele sparked\ndebate on motions asking:\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094That Carleton employ enough Canadians to\nensure a clear two-thirds majority of full-time faculty\nin each department;\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094That before recommending a non-Canadian for a\nteaching post, Carleton departments demonstrate that\nthey advertised for at least a month in three Canadian\npublications and sent notices of vacancies to other\nCanadian universities;\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094That Canadian citizenship be a necessary\nqualification for all new appointments to\nadministrative posts from department head to\nchancellor;\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094That Carleton ascertain and maintain a record of\nthe citizenship of its faculty, and\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094That the Canadian Association of University\nTeachers be requested to obtain information about\nthe citizenship-composition of Canadian faculties and\nconsider formulation of a national policy on the\nmatter.\nThe motions were roughly handled.\nThe Carleton faculty passed a counter-motion\nwhich asked that it be the general policy of the\nUniversity \"to employ academic staff solely on the\nbasis of academic competence regardless of\ncitizenship.\" The motion passed 138-2. The\ndissenters, presumably, were Mr. Mathews and Dr.\nSteele.\nThe skirmish at Carleton was, however, only the\nopening clash in guerilla war which came to UBC\nearly in March when Mr. Mathews and Dr. Steele\nspent a week on campus as participants in a series of\npanel discussions and addresses on the topic of\nAmerican domination of Canada.\nSince raising the question in 1968, Mr. Mathews\nand Dr. Steele have been busy. They have formed a\nMontreal Committee on the De-Canadianization of\nthe Universities, published a book entitled The\nStruggle for Canadian Universities, made countless\nspeeches and kept up a steady barrage of letters to\nthe editor to (chiefly) eastern Canadian newspapers,\nmany of them comments on letters which\ncommented on their earlier letters.\nTheir appeals to higher courts for consideration of\ntheir original suggestions have been rejected. Both the\nCanadian Association of University Teachers and the\nCommittee of Presidents of the Universities of\nOntario have reiterated, at greater length, the basic\nnotion embodied in the counter-motion approved at\nCarleton in December, 1968.\nCOUNTER-ARGUMENT\nQuite apart from the counter-argument that the\nacademic world is a sort of common market which\ntakes no notice of citizenship, the Mathews\u00E2\u0080\u0094Steele\ncase has failed to make much headway with\nacademics for the simple reason that no one in\ngovernment or the universities is able to say for\ncertain whether or not Canadians, as Mr. Mathews\nPlease turn to Page Eleven\nSee CITIZENSHIP SUR VEY\n1 STRONGLY\nIn the course of gathering opinion on the question of\nforeign academics in Canada, UBC Reports wrote to Dr.\nCarl Baar, an American who taught in UBC's political\nscience department from 1966 to 1968. We asked him if\nhe had any thoughts to contribute to the discussion. Dr.\nBaar responded with the following article, which\ncontains some interesting and useful suggestions for\nalleviating the problem. Dr. Baar is now an assistant\nprofessor at Michigan State University in East Lansing,\nMichigan.\nBY DR. CARL BAAR\nThe editor of UBC Reports has asked for my\nthoughts on the problem of foreign academics in\nCanadian universities. Since I am an American citizen\ntrained in political science, I will direct my discussion\nmore specifically to issues of the American influx into\nCanadian universities in social science fields.\nFirst, I would strongly agree that there is a problem.\nAmerican training and temperament do not develop a\nsensitivity for Canadian political or social institutions.\nWhen I arrived in Canada in 1966, I understood the\nparliamentary system and cabinet responsibility at an\nintellectual level, but I was emotionally unprepared to\nfind that the federal finance minister could announce\ngovernment plans for a tax increase in November, and\nthe University would be withholding that tax \j\u00E2\u0080\u00949^\nJanuary. Why wasn't it killed in committee, or amendel^^\non the Senate floor?\nNEGATIVE IMPACT\nThe availability of foreign academics is also a problem\nbecause of the manipulative possibilities open to\nCanadian academic departments. In my field of political\nscience, they are many departments in Canada which are\ntraditional, and reject young people trained in the\ncontemporary scientific methodology essential for much\nof the teaching and research in that field. I know of two\ndepartments at prominent Ontario universities which\nhave hired American academics who, while well\nqualified, were recruited in order to maintain a one-sided\ntraditional orientation.\nAt the same time, the motivations of American?\ncoming to Canada may be changing. Instead of young,\nmore liberally-oriented persons leaving the United States\nbecause of the war in Vietnam, Canadian universities\nmay begin getting older academics escaping the more\nvolatile atmosphere of American campuses, and avoiding\nthe requirements to readjust to new scientific\nmethodologies. Unless Canadians are fully aware of the\ndynamics of American academic life and American social\nscience, they may hire experienced professors who will\nhave a negative impact on the development of many\ndisciplines in Canada.\nQUOTA SYSTEM\nThus the existence of a pool of foreign professors in\nCanadian universities can create difficulties for Canadian\nnational development. However, some of the proposed\nremedies are worse than the sickness. A quota system,\nfor example, would open positions to Canadians who\nhave less training than their American counterparts, for\nexample in techniques of comparative cross-cultural\nresearch and analysis which are increasingly important in\nthe social sciences. A quota system would discourage\nCanadian students from getting the best possible\ngraduate education, and would therefore increase the\nlikelihood that second-rate scholarly work would be\ndone in Canadian universities. American academics have\nlearned through painful experiences that their\nknowledge is essential to the wielding of political power\ntoday. If Canadians are to wield political power more\nwisely \u00E2\u0080\u0094 if at all \u00E2\u0080\u0094 a strong university system with\nwell-trained scholars is essential.\nHow can the imbalance of foreign academics in\nCanadian universities be redressed without damaging the\ndevelopment of scholarship in Canada? In a number of\nways, many of which have already been suggested in the\npast months. They fall into three different but\n8/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970 AGREE THAT THERE IS A PROBLEM'\ninterrelated approaches: (1) maximizing the availability\nof existing Canadian manpower; (2) developing\nopportunities for graduate education in Canada; and (3)\nimproving the skills and information of foreign\nacademics in dealing with Canadian material.\nThe first approach has been incorporated into certain\nproposals of Profs. Mathews and Steele of Carleton\nUniversity. For example, they recommend the\nestablishment of a placement service to be operated in\n\u00C2\u00AB conjunction with the annual meetings of the Learned\nSocieties. Ironically, this is a well-established American\npractice. Yet in Canada, Mr. Robert Stanfield, the\nProgressive Conservative leader, rose in the House of\nCommons in the spring of 1969 to ask the manpower\nminister if such a service would be set up at the June\n1969 meetings. It was not.\nDESTROY TONE\nIt could be argued that a placement operation would\ndestroy the existing tone of the Learned Societies'\nmeetings, converting them into a \"slave market\" \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the\nterm American graduate students have long applied to\nprofessional meetings of the disciplines in the United\nStates. And the June meetings fall at a time when it is\ntc^^pe to hire for September and too early to judge the\nbeneticience of a provincial parliament 15 months\nhence. A more effective system might be for each\n* discipline to establish a list of available positions and\navailable scholars, to be circulated to university\ndepartments or printed in conjunction with the journal\nof that discipline.\nCanadian schools which grant doctorates could list\ntheir Ph.D. candidates seeking positions, and indicate the\ncandidates' areas of specialization. Such a system would\nincrease the efficiency of departmental recruiters, many\nof whom are now foreign academics who are not even\ncertain about the other Canadian schools which grant\ndoctorates. The published list would encourage graduate\nstudents, by providing them with some clues about\nwhere their services will be sought, and would provide a\nveJALe for persons with graduate training employed in\ngoiBmment or industry to indicate their availability to\nuniversity departments. Already many Canadian\nsociology departments advertise their openings in the\nAmerican Sociologist. Why not make certain that similar\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 communications mechanisms work for Canadians?\nSuch a practice might reduce the cost of retrieval\noperations now pursued in England and the United\nStates and enable those Canadians who have done both\nundergraduate and graduate work outside Canada to gain\ninformation about academic openings. At present,\nefforts to retrieve Canadians doing graduate study\nabroad are directed only at those who received B.A.s\nfrom Canadian universities, ignoring a pool of able\n, Canadian high school graduates who pursue their higher\neducation at many of the distinguished universities\noutside Canada. In addition, programs such as the\nnewly-established Canadian Parliamentary Internships,\nwhich would attract potential Canadian academics, must\nbe open to all Canadians no matter where they obtained\ntheir B.A. degrees. In too many instances, officials have\nhitherto operated on the fallacious assumption that\nCanadians without a Canadian undergraduate education\n* are not really Canadians.\nGRADUATE STUDIES\nThe second approach concedes the obvious: a\ndiscipline is more likely to be dominated by foreign\n* academics if Canadian universities do not produce Ph.D.s\nin that discipline. When I left UBC in 1968, it was in the\nprocess of granting its first doctorate in political science.\nRecruitment discussions often focused on Canadians,\nbut they invariably were doing graduate work in the\nUnited States and not in Canada. A number of Canadian\npolitical science departments are on the threshold of\nactive graduate programs and it is essential that these\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2programs have the opportunity to develop.\nThis requires government support. Thus Canada\nCouncil policies must reflect the need for qualified\nCanadian academics, and for the systematic development\nof data about Canadian society. But the criteria used by\nthe Council in judging applications are not clearly\ndefined. In the past, extremely able doctoral candidates\nat UBC with well-defined proposals were not granted\nany support from Canada Council. Such action impedes\nthe rapid production of qualified Canadian doctorates. It\nDR. CARL BAAR\nforces students to become part-time students instead of\nenabling them to proceed rapidly to completion of their\ndegrees. And when no explanation is forthcoming for\nrefusals of support, many students can only conclude\nthat Canada Council grants go more heavily to\ntraditional research, and that the Council is in fact\ndiscouraging projects which develop new skills essential\nfor modern social scientists.\nPerhaps instead of granting income tax exemptions to\nAmerican professors entering Canada, the federal\ngovernment could increase its support of Canadian\ngraduate education. One technique might well be\nborrowed in modified form from the United States:\nmake low-interest loans available, payable upon the start\nof employment, with the proviso that ten per cent of the\nprinciple is waived for each year spent teaching in a\nCanadian University.\nBut support of graduate students is not enough. The\nfaculty in many departments is not equipped to operate\na graduate program. It is not unusual for departments\ngranting doctorates to include a number of faculty still\nwriting their own dissertations. At least one eminent\nCanadian university recently gave a faculty member\nsabbatical leave to finish his dissertation. Academic\ndepartments with doctoral programs must provide\nincentive for its own faculty to rapidly complete their\nwork so that they can more effectively direct the work\nof others.\nFurthermore, experienced faculty often find it\ndifficult to maintain a substantial commitment to\nscholarly research. The material and personal rewards\nwhich come from government consulting or work in the\nmass media are frequently more attractive than those of\nmajor scholarly research. While public agencies and\ncommissions often require the expertise of skilled\nacademics, the short-term gain may be mitigated by the\nlong-term loss of additional scholarly work. Thus public\nagencies and private groups must also be willing to\nsubsidize substantial scholarly research efforts in the\nsocial sciences. Such research work will have two\nbenefits: (1) it will maintain the scholar's awareness of\ntrends in his discipline; and (2) it will allow graduate\nstudents to gain experience as research assistants, and\ndevelop material for their own dissertations. The relative\nabsence of team research in Canada makes it difficult to\ndefine more intricate research problems, and forces\ngraduate students to devise their own dissertation\nprojects from scratch, lengthening the period of graduate\neducation and increasing competition from their\nAmerican counterparts.\nNARROW PERSPECTIVES\nThe third and last approach assumes that foreign\nacademics will continue to migrate to Canadian\nuniversities in the foreseeable future, and asks what\ntechniques are available to make them more effective on\nthe Canadian scene. Neither Canadian citizenship nor\nCanadian training assures a social scientist the greatest\ncompetence in his field or thorough and accurate\ninformation about Canadian society. But in hiring\nforeign social scientists, Canadian universities should\nseek those who are committed \u00E2\u0080\u0094 as teachers and\nresearchers \u00E2\u0080\u0094 to applying their specialized knowledge to\nthe problems and concerns of Canadian society, and\nwhose outlook upon the social and political issues which\ntranscend national boundaries is not limited to the\nnarrow perspective of a single foreign culture.\nForeign academics should be encouraged to increase\ntheir knowledge of Canada. One simple way would be\nthrough the awarding of a modest summer grant, so that\na new professor could come to Canada in the early\nsummer and gain background in Canadian materials\nbefore he begins teaching. Similar grants could be made\navailable to foreign academics already in Canada. UBC\nmade summer research grants of up to $1,000 available\nto natural scientists when I taught there. If it is\nimportant to bring a Canadian perspective to social\nscience departments, why not use a similar grant system?\nThese three approaches to the problem of foreign\nprofessors in Canadian universities are closely\ninterrelated. For example, increasing substantial social\nscience research in Canadian universities will increase the\namount of analytical material available for teaching, and\nreduce the need for foreign professors to rely on their\nhome country's material. Often the difficulty which an\nAmerican social scientist would have comprehending the\nCanadian experience is magnified by the absence of\nadequate systematic studies of many phases of Canadian\nlife. In turn, the lack of Canadian data increases the\nprobability that extra-Canadian solutions will be\nimposed \u00E2\u0080\u0094 by Canadian as well as foreign scholars \u00E2\u0080\u0094\nupon Canadian problems. And the ensuing national\ncrises will require the government to set up commissions\nand consult scholars, thus once more directing academics\naway from the research which will develop their\ndisciplines. It would be valuable to break this cycle and\nestablish a strong Canadian academic community. The\nstrength of its universities in teaching and in research\nwill be the measure of Canadian society's ability to meet\nits own future on its own terms.\nVIGOROUS ACTIVITY\nFrantz Fanon, in Les damnes de la terre, wrote of the\nneed of the black man in Africa to escape the idea\nsystems of the white man and develop his own history\nand community. Since the process of liberation is still\nonly beginning, new idea systems have not yet\ndeveloped, and Fanon would not expect to see them for\nsome time. Canadians do not have the luxury of time.\nThe forces of \"liberation\"must move as swiftly as the\naccelerating threat of foreign domination. Only out of\nthe vigorous activity of an independent Canadian society\ncan its universities attain the scholarship necessary to\ndevelop new idea systems strong enough to sustain that\nsociety.\nUBC Reports/March 25, 1970/9 RESIDENCES PURCHASED FOR $457,235\nTo the advantage of both institutions, the\nUniversity of British Columbia has acquired the\nresidence halls of St. Mark's College on the northeast\ncorner of the UBC campus.\nThe purchase will provide the University with\napproximately 30,000 gross square feet of space\nwhich will be converted to academic and other\nUniversity purposes. This provision is being made at\nless than the cost of equivalent new construction. The\nbuildings were built in 1958 and 1960; the purchase\nprice is $457,235.\n\"The Board of Management of St. Mark's College\nundertook this course of action for many reasons,\"\nsaid Rev. R.W. Finn, Principal of the College.\n\"Almost all the sale price will be used towards\nelimination of a crushing debt at rising interest rates.\n\"The staff of the College can turn its attention and\nenergy more directly to the religious and intellectual\nlife of many more University men and women. The\nstaff will be more free to engage in the academic life\nof the whole University.\n\"The College will be much more viable; it will\nUBC has purchased residence units (buildings at left in photo) of St. Mark a College for $457,235.\nScholarship Forms Must Be\nFiled Not Later Than May 1\nPresident Walter Gage has issued the following\nstatement with regard to 1970 Provincial\nGovernment scholarships in his capacity as Dean\nof Inter-Faculty and Student Affairs and chairman\nof the UBC Awards Committee.\nStudents who wish to be considered for\nGovernment of B.C. Scholarships must apply on\napplication forms obtainable at Room 207,\nBuchanan Building. (Dean Gage's Office). The\ncompleted application form must be filed at that\noffice not later than May 1st.\nThese scholarships are open only to students\nwho successfully complete by May 1 a full course\nof studies as prescribed by the Faculty concerned\n(e.g., 15 units in the Faculty of Arts). Awards will\nnot be made for subjects completed later or on the\nbasis of grades received on some deferred basis\nafter the regular examination period.\nNEW AWARD BASIS\nAwards will no longer be made on the basis of\nfirst class, high second class and lower second\nstanding. The Provincial Government has recently\nannounced that scholarships will be awarded to\nthe highest ranking 17 per cent of full-time\nundergraduate students who meet residence\nqualifications for B.C. (See below). The\nscholarships are tenable in the immediately\nfollowing regular academic session generally and\nwill have the values of 3/4, 1/2, and 1/3 of basic\ntuition fees, as follows:\n(a) 3/4 basic fee \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the highest ranking 5 per\ncent of the full-time undergraduate enrolment\nqualifying through the final grades received for the\nregular session 1969\u00E2\u0080\u009470.\n(b) 1/2 basic fee \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the next highest 6 per cent.\n(c) 1/3 basic fee \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the next highest 6 per cent.\nAt UBC it is expected that the awards in each\nFaculty will be made to the top 17 per cent of\nqualifying students in that Faculty. Since some\nstudents may, for one reason or another, not\nqualify for awards, students likely to rank in the\nupper 20 per cent of their Faculty and Year (1st,\n2nd, etc.) are advised to apply.\nHowever, the minimum acceptable average In\nmost faculties is 70 per cent. In the Faculty of\nLaw, a lower average may be considered. Students\nmust have clear standing in all subjects.\nResidence Qualifications \u00E2\u0080\u0094 For the purpose of\nestablishing eligibility for a Province of British\nColumbia Scholarship Award, the place of\nresidence is as defined by the British Columbia\nStudent Aid Committee hereunder:\nRESIDENCE RULES\nA. A scholarship applicant, competing on the\nbasis of achievement while in attendance at a\ndesignated post-secondary educational institution\nin British Columbia, must have resided\npermanently and continuously in this Province for\na minimum of the 12 consecutive months\ncalculated to the end of the month (April 30,\n1970) in which the competition examinations are\nheld.\nB. A scholarship applicant must be a Canadian\ncitizen or must have possessed landed immigrant\nstatus for a minimum period of the 12 consecutive\nmonths calculated to the end of the month (April\n30, 1970) in which the competition examinations\nare held. A candidate on a non-immigrant visa or a\nstudent entry form is not eligible for a scholarship\naward.\nSPECIAL NOTES\nNotes. (1) The regulations announced by the\nB.C. Department of Education are the only official\nregulations. In selecting scholarship winners and\napplying regulations, no account can be taken of\nerrors, if any, that may occur in this or other\ncirculars. The decision of the British Columbia\nStudent Aid Committee will be final in all cases.\n(2) Late applications cannot be accepted under\nany circumstances.\n(3) Please note that the application form may\nnot have been up-dated and therefore, may not\ncontain the revised terms of award.\n(4) YOUR APPLICATION MUST BE\nRECEIVED AT ROOM 207 BUCHANAN\nBUILDING BY MAY 1.\nprovide a liturgical center, a library of Christian\nclassics, a center for forums and discussions, and\noffices and lecture rooms.\"\nConversion of the residence halls will mean the\nshort-term loss to the University community of living\nquarters for 105 students.\nHowever, UBC's housing director Leslie Rohringer\nsaid this loss will be partly offset by the addition of\n36 single rooms for senior students at UBC's Place\nVanier and Totem Park residence complexes. These\nadditions will be accomplished by the relocation of\nstudy areas into common rooms which are not now\nbeing used to full advantage.\nIn addition, Mr. Rohringer said, the University has\nbeen assured that a loan of $5.17 million from\nCentral Mortgage and Housing Corp. will be\nforthcoming in the immediate future.\nThis will enable a start on construction of two new\nhigh-rise residence towers for single students and a\ncommon block, to be built on the site of a former\nwireless station just north of the Student Union\nBuilding. The towers will house 788 students.\nThe project has been stalled for months because of\na shortage of mortgage money in 1969. UBC has been\ntold, however, that it has been allocated S5.17\nmillion of CMHCs student-housing fund for 1970.\nThe decision by CMHC to allocate federal\ngovernment funds was based on a recommendation\nby the office of the B.C. minister of municipal affairs.\nIt is hoped that the two towers and common block\nwill be ready for use by September, 1971.\nPhilosophy\nHead Named\nProfessor Peter Remnant, a University of B.C.\ngraduate and native of Vancouver, has been\nappointed head of UBC's Department of Philosophy.\nProf. Remnant, 48, who has been a member of the\nUBC faculty since 1949, succeeds Dr. Barnett Savery\nas head of the Philosophy Department. Dr. Savery,\nwho continues to teach in the UBC department,\nresigned in June, 1969, and Dr. Remnant has been\nacting head of the department since that time.\nProf. Remnant received the degrees of bachelor\nand master of arts in philosophy at UBC in 1947 and\n1948 respectively and his doctor of philosophy\ndegree from Cambridge University in 1958.\nHe taught briefly at the University of California at\nBerkeley in 1948 before joining the UBC staff as a\nlecturer in 1949. He was appointed to the rank of\nprofessor in 1968.\nProf. Remnant is a member of both the Canadian\nand American Philosophical Associations and the\nAristotelian Society. He is married and has three\nchildren.\nGrad Class\nPlants Tree\nOn Thursday\nThe 1970 graduating class' tree-planting ceremony\nwill take place tomorrow (Thursday) at 1 p.m. at\nSUB.\nTraditionally part of graduation ceremonies, the\ntree-planting ceremony has been scheduled earlier this\nyear to permit more members of the University\ncommunity to participate.\nEach year's graduating class plants a tree as a living\nlegacy to the University. This year's tree will be a\nsugar maple.\nParticipating in the ceremony will be the\ngraduating class historian, Karen Goshulak, the will\nwriter, Brian Taylor, and the Honorary President, Dr.\nH.V. Warren.\n10/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970 CONTINUED FROM PAGE EIGHT\nCITIZENSHIP SURVEY UNDERWAY\nand Dr. Steele claim, are in a minority as university\nteachers.\nNo Canadian government department has collected\nstatistics on this subject and until recently Canadian\nuniversities studiously ignored the citizenship of\nfaculty members.\nAt UBC, for instance, citizenship data was not\ngathered prior to 1964. As a result UBC knows the\ncitizenship of only 60 per cent or 988 of its full-time\nfaculty members. Of this 60 per cent, 49.8 per cent\nare Canadians, 23.3 per cent are American, 14.6 per\ncent come from the British Isles and the balance \u00E2\u0080\u0094\n12.4 per cent \u00E2\u0080\u0094 are from various other continents and\ncountries.\nThe UBC figures are not likely to get more\nextensive. A motion by a student at a UBC Senate\nmeeting earlier this year requesting the UBC Office of\nAcademic Planning to ascertain by departments the\npercentage of faculty members who are Canadians\nwas defeated. Reliable data on a national basis will have\nto await the results of a survey being undertaken by\nthe Dominion Bureau of Statistics.\nThe original argument put forward by Mr.\nMathews and Dr. Steele to support their case used\nstatistics in a way that smacked of comparing horses\nand camels.\nThey began by using an analysis of 1961 census\ndata which showed that of Canada's 8,779 male\nuniversity professors, 2,238 or 25 per cent were\nforeign born and 6,541 or 74.5 per cent were\nCanadian-born and therefore probably Canadian\ncitizens.\nFor the purposes of comparison, Mr. Mathews and\nDr. Steele used figures which resulted from an\nexamination of the 1968-69 arts ancl science\ncalendars of 15 Canadian universities (including UBC\nbut excluding the Universities of Toronto, Montreal,\nMcGill and Queen's). This examination revealed \"that\nof the two-thirds of those faculty members in\nnon-professional disciplines for whom a degree is\nlisted, more than 51 per cent obtained their first\ndegree outside of Canada.\"\nROUGH INDICATION\nThis percentage is a rough indication of\ncitizenship, Mr. Mathews and Dr. Steele contend, and\nthis leads them to maintain that \"there is evidence for\nbelieving that the proportion of Canadians in\nCanadian universities has diminished by about 25\nper cent between 1961 and 1968...\"\nMr. Mathews and Dr. Steele have resolutely stuck\nto the conclusions which they originally drew from\nthis shaky comparison of unrelated statistics. Thus,\nearlier this month at UBC, Dr. Steele baldly stated\nthat \"The basic, fundamental fact is that Canadians\nare now probably in a minority of 49 per cent in the\nsensitive arts and science faculties of Canadian\nuniversities.\"\nThe figures based on the arts and science calendars\nwere clearly open to attack. The critics pointed out\nthat some of those who received their first degree\nabroad were probably Canadians, that exclusion of\nteachers in professional faculties would distort the\nfigures and that many of those who were educated\nelsewhere had been in Canada for such lengthy\nperiods that they had either acquired Canadian\ncitizenship or could be considered Canadians.\nTo reinforce their arguments that Canada is\ncommitting \"cultural genocide\" by importing foreign\nacademics, Mr. Mathews and Dr. Steele have zeroed in\non what they describe as \"sensitive\" departments in\nCanadian universities, such as history, anthropology\nand sociology, economics and political science,\nalthough they have also tried to make a case for the\nidea that even in pure science departments foreign\nacademics will bring with them research biases that\nmight preclude work being done on problems unique\nto Canada.\nMr. Mathews and Dr. Steele claim there are certain\nimplications for the sensitive university departments\nwhich have appointed a large number of foreign\nacademics. Steele made these points in his UBC\nspeech early in March:\n1. The diminishing proportion of Canadians means\na diminishing likelihood that problems that arise\nuniquely and particularly from Canadian society will\nbe considered.\n\"There is only one academic community in the\nworld which can really study Canadian problems,\" Dr.\nSteele said, \"and that is the academic community in\nCanada. I would argue that if we fail to study our\nown society...we are not only being academic but\nunscholarly and unscientific.\"\nThis idea is disputed by many academics, including\nthe head of UBC's Department of Anthropology and\nSociology, Prof. Cyril Belshaw, who says, first, that\nmuch of the work in his field today is of an abstract\nnature in which nationality plays no part.\nDEARTH OF FUNDS\nHis second point is that because of the terrible\ndearth of research funds in Canada until recently,\nmost of the best work done on Canadian society has\nin fact been done by non-Canadian scholars. \"If the\ncriterion of nationalism were to be applied to the\nsupport of such work we would know even less about\nCanadian society than we do now,\" he argues.\n2. De-Canadianization, the jargon term which Mr.\nMathews and Dr. Steele have developed for referring\nto the problems they have raised, is also having an\neffect on the content of university curriculum, they\nclaim. They point to the fact that most of the text\nbooks used in humanities and social science\ndepartments are written by non-Canadians and\npublished by American firms which have little or no\ninterest in developing uniquely Canadian material.\n3. De-Canadianization, Dr. Steele said at UBC, is\nhaving a serious effect on admission policies at\nCanadian universities. He put it this way: \"As\nadmissions committees...come to be more and more\nstaffed by non-Canadians who know little of\nCanadian graduate schools, who are sometimes\nignorant of Canadian grading systems and who feel\nlittle commitment to develop Canadian talent, it\nbecomes more and more difficult to gain entry to\nCanadian graduate schools.\"\nDr. Steele cited an impressive statistic in this\nconnection: 50 per cent of all full-time Ph.D.\nstudents studying at Canadian universities are\nnon-Canadians. But he failed to cite a source for the\nfigure, which is likely to make it as suspect as those\ncited for the citizenship composition of faculty\nmembers at Canadian universities.\n4. De-Canadianization will also have an effect on\nthe employment practices at Canadian universities,\nDr. Steele told his UBC audience. Again, because of\na preponderence of non-Canadians on appointment\ncommittees it is claimed that preference will be given\nto academics trained at institutions which committee\nmembers are familiar with.\nThis will result in less and less desire on the part of\nthe committee to advertise and a minimal desire to\nseek out Canadians. The final result is that Canadians\nwill find it more difficult to obtain employment in\ntheir own country and many graduate students,\nbrought to high qualifications at public expense, will\njoin the ranks of the unemployed.\nCAMPAIGN SHIFT\nIf there has been a shift in the thrust of the\nMathews-Steele campaign recently it has been to\nplace the university problem in the larger context of\nAmerican cultural and economic domination of\nCanada, a spectre which has increasingly obsessed\nCanadians since the end of World War Two.\nThe role of giant-killer seems to have devolved on\nMr. Mathews, a colorful, and somewhat flamboyant\nfigure who presents a sharp contrast to the\nlow-keyed, rather plodding approach, of Dr. Steele.\n\"In Canada, we are going to be masters in our own\nhouse,\" Mr. Mathews forcefully told his UBC\naudience. \"We are going to win, of that I have no\ndoubt. And to win we are going to have to fight, you\nand me, as never for a long time... have Canadians had\nto fight for the basic survival of their nation.\"\nHe referred to the increasing control of the\nCanadian economy, unions and the periodical press\nby American interests and added that \"the right\nhonorable prime minister (Mr. Trudeau) has been on\nthe way to handing the Canadian Arctic territory to\nthe United States and has only changed his mind\nbecause of the fury of the Canadian people.\"\nMr. Trudeau asks \"Do you want war?\" when the\nquestion of declaring Canadian sovereignty in the\nArctic is raised, Mathews continued. \"The answer, if\nAmerica has serious expansionist designs in Canada, is\n...we do not want war, but if those are your terms, we\nwill have war. We beat the pants off them in 1812\nand we may ...\" The rest was drowned in laughter and\ncheers from the predominantly student audience.\nDespite the fact that Mr. Mathews refers to \"our\nwarm and friendly neighbours to the south\" and\ninsists that the campaign mounted by himself and Dr.\nSteele is carried on \"not with contempt for others or\nhatred for strangers who are within our house,\" the\nburden of his remarks betrays something very close to\ncontempt for the American educational system.\n\"The United States,\" he said dramatically, \"grinds\nout massive quantities of very ordinary Ph.D.'s. They\nhave needless non-meetings where scholars give\nnon-papers. It has more non-journals, publishing more\nnon-articles than Canada could dream of in the heart\nof the night.\"\nCHANGE DEMAND\nIndeed, Mr. Mathews seems to have something of\nan obsession about the Ph.D. degree, which he claims\nis another superimposition on Canada. \"It is presently\nin the interests, consciously or unconsciously, of the\nU.S. takeover that the Ph.D. be considered the\nprimary qualification even above and beyond a\nfamiliarity with the students being taught and the\nresearch which must be done on this landscape.\"\nSince beginning their campaign at Carleton\nUniversity in 1968, Mr. Mathews and Dr. Steele have\nmoderated somewhat their demand that two-thirds of\nCanada's university faculties should be made up of\nCanadian citizens.\nThe third of ten points which Mr. Mathews read at\nthe UBC meeting asked that \"all departments give\nmeasureable evidence of seeking to maintain or effect\na full majority of Canadians on staff.\"\nSome other points:\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094All positions should be advertised \"insistently,\neffectively and by law\";\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094 Establishment of a faculty-student committee in\nevery Canadian university \"to research and\nimplement the teaching of Canadian material\nwherever it is academically reasonable and desirable\nto do so\";\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094Every candidate for a university teaching post in\nCanada should be assessed as to his knowledge of\nCanada. \"Candidates who are ignorant of Canada,\nespecially in the areas of their own specialization,\nshould be ruled unqualified to teach here.\"\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094\"We should demand imaginative and unique\nCanadian solutions to present problems. We should\ninsist on a whole new approach to French studies...so\nthat Anglophone Canadians may effectively read,\nwrite and speak French.\"\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094\"We should demand special task force summer\nstudy programs, concentrating Canadians scholars and\ngraduate students in those areas where Canadians are\na dangerous minority on university faculties.\"\nThere is little question that serious consideration\nof some of the questions which Mr. Mathews and Dr.\nSteele have raised has suffered because of the way in\nwhich they have used unreliable and incomplete\nstatistics and their inflammatory statements about\nU.S. higher education, which have tended to reflect\non highly-regarded Americans teaching in Canada.\nStill, the debate may have caused academics across\nCanada to reflect on the problem of maintaining and\nexpanding a unique Canadian identity through the\nuniversities and it seems certain that the\nMathews-Steele suggestions will have led to closer\nconsideration being given to the hiring of Canadian\ncitizens.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0fcffc Volume 16, No. 11 -Mar. 25,\nI I mm I \" 1970. Published by the Univer-\nBB B B B B sity of British Columbia and\n^^ mm^ ^^ distributed free. J.A. Banham,\nREPORTS Edilor; Barbara Clayhorn, Production Supervisor. Letters to the Editor\nshould be addressed to the Information Office,\nUBC, Vancouver 8, B.C.\nUBC Reports/March 25, 1970/11 A0a\u00C2\u00B1 UBC ALUMNI \u00E2\u0096\u00A0 \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\nContact\nEDUCATION Undergraduate Society internal affairs\nofficer Kerry Bysouth discusses COFFE report at a\nmeeting of Prince George teachers. Alumni Association\nis co-sponsoring a series of such meetings throughout\nB.C. to get wide discussion of the report's proposed reforms of UBC Education Faculty. Rick Hull photo.\nWITH ALUMNI AID\nProbe Summer Job Picture\nThe UBC Alumni Association is assisting a\nprovince-wide student project aimed at improving the\nsummer employment situation for university and\nregional college students.\nThe B.C. Union of Students Task Force on\nStudent Employment has received $1,600 in financial\naid and the use of an office and supportive services in\nthe Alumni headquarters at Cecil Green Park. The\nproject is also being sponsored by the B.C. Chamber\nof Commerce, the B.C. Federation of Labor, the B.C.\nUnion of Students and is being conducted in\ncooperation with the B.C. regional office of Canada\nManpower.\nThe Task Force, which is working on behalf of all\nstudents at B.C. universities and regional colleges, has\na two-fold aim \u00E2\u0080\u0094 to conduct an informational,\nco-ordinating campaign to find more jobs for students\nthis summer and to conduct longer-term surveys to\nget a clearer idea of the student employment\nproblem.\nRESULT OF FRUSTRATION\nThe Task Force director is Norman Wright, the\nformer president of the University of Victoria student\nsociety. \"The project arose out of the frustrations of\nour student employment campaign of last year,\" he\nsaid. \"Last year the political attitude was\npredominant and we found that discussion of the\nproblem in political terms really did not read to\nanswers. It's a problem that can't be solved by\nregarding students in isolation. We found that we've\ngot to get down and talk to labor and employers \u00E2\u0080\u0094\nand that's what we're doing.\"\nWright pointed out that student employment is a\nproblem of considerable economic significance, since\nstudents make up five to eight per cent of the labor\nforce. This summer 44,000 students will be seeking\nemployment.\n12/UBC Reports/March 25, 1970\nAt the same time, he said, the income earned by\nstudents through part-time and summer employment\nrepresents considerable assistance to the financial\nsupport of higher education. The income earned by\nuniversity students contributes $30 million of the\nestimated $114 million it presently costs students and\ntheir families in the province in maintenance and\ntuition expense per year.\nWASTAGE OF MANPOWER\nThe point that Wright stressed is that failure to fit\nstudents into the labor market for summer and\npart-time work represents wastage of manpower. At\nthe same time, he emphasized that the money\nstudents earn is a vital contribution to the total cost\nof higher education, money which otherwise would\nhave to come from some other source.\nEach university and regional college campus has\nset up its own student employment team to\ncooperate with Canada Manpower and their\nplacement offices. They will work to\nencourage maximum student registration for jobs,\ncanvass employers and provide information for news\nmedia.\nThe student teams will also conduct two\nundergraduate surveys during the last week in March.\nThe first survey will concern job expectations of the\nfirst to third-year students and the second will\nconcern only graduating students. In September a\nfollow-up survey will be made of these two groups, in\norder to discover their experience in the employment\nmarket. B.C. employers have been surveyed regarding\nstudent employment through a mail questionnaire.\nLONG-TERM IMPROVEMENT\nWright said that when the project has completed\nits findings, they will be discussed with\nrepresentatives from labor, industry and Canada\nManpower with a view to achieving longer term\nimprovement in student employment.\nLESTER B. PEARSON\nAlumni To Hear\nLester Pearson\nThe Right Honorable Lester B. Pearson, former\n. Prime Minister of Canada, will address a dinner\nmeeting of the UBC Alumni Association in\nVancouver on April 9.\nPearson is presently chairman of the Committee\non International Development of the World Bank. In\nthis capacity he was primarily responsible for a major\nstudy of international development programs, the\nfindings of which were released earlier this year in an\ninfluential report entitled Partners In Development.\nThe report pointed out serious inadequacies in\nforeign aid and called on the \"have\" nations to give\ngreater aid to the \"have-nots.\"\nThe dinner meeting will be held at 6:30 p.m. on\nApril 9 in the ballroom of the UBC Faculty Club. The\nprice per person is $6 and tickets can be obtained\nthrough the UBC Alumni office, 6251 N.W. Marine\nDrive, Vancouver (228\u00E2\u0080\u00943313).\nThe above event is not to be confused with the\nAnnual General Meeting of UBC Alumni Association.\nThe Association's Annual Meeting will be held on\nMay 26 in Cecil Green Park and will be a purely\nbusiness meeting. There will be no feature speaker.\nThe meeting will concern itself with the election of a\nnew executive and board of management, with\nfinancial statements, constitutional revisions and new\nbusiness. Alumni are urged to attend this important\nmeeting, which gets underway 6:30 p.m. on May 26.\nAnother Alumni meeting has also been set for\nMay. This is the Commerce Division annual meeting\nwhich is to be held May 8 in the University Club,\n1021 West Hastings Street.\nThe Honorable Jean-Luc Pepin, federal minister of\ntrade and commerce, will address the meeting on the\ntopic of continuing education for businessmen.\nFurther information may be obtained by calling\n228-3313.\nAlumni returning to study at UBC in the 1970-71\nacademic year may qualify for preferred parking\nspaces. Such parking is restricted to students who by\nAug. 31, 1970, have completed at least three years\nstudy at UBC or are enrolled in fourth year or more\nsenior courses for 1970-71. Inquiries and applications\n(together with a $1 fee) should be directed to the\nTraffic Office, Wesbrook Crescent, University of B.C.,\nVancouver 8, after April 1."@en . "Periodicals"@en . "Vancouver (B.C.)"@en . "LE3.B8K U2"@en . "LE3_B8K_U2_1970_03_25"@en . "10.14288/1.0118440"@en . "English"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Vancouver: University of British Columbia Information Office"@en . "Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the University of British Columbia Public Affairs Office."@en . "Original Format: University of British Columbia. Archives."@en . "University of British Columbia"@en . "UBC Reports"@en . "Text"@en . ""@en .