DSPACE7
Phil Lind Klondike Gold Rush collection
Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway
Pamplet advertising Old Honesty tobacco with information about the Klondike. Pamphlet includes a colour map of the gold-bearing regions of the Klondike.
1 folded sheet : illustrations, maps
application/pdf
| cou ponEstY" |PLUG T0 area ofn 3 you taks, Vâ, ] '* *1 the t (th Te Californi: ( the size 3 m â§ hundred anmSEE p âNSI DE place, but an it the square not? & America, and 11 from the easter: â))AGO MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL (mepioside t"" RAILWAYâ1898 nommonnenmmenmensnener OLD HON a ââ 5 k J soa iï¬ arttr i ammensnn pammuatens durrunees, AF CA C onA o _â_,W_,j K niv ie Aommeatbeancant immsceitnn weeyâ (LONDIK Rates or Fare rrom CHicaso VIA THE 1st Class 2d Class ALASKA AND THE KLoKDiKE. || There is only one piece of land owned by the United States that is not a part of the main body of our soil. That one is a very large piece, and those who were leafning geography less than forty years ago knew it as " Russian America." 4 We bought it of Russia thirty years ago. It cost us $7,200,000. We did not need it particularly, but Russia wanted to sell it, so we took it off of her hands and paid her the money. Nobody thought or cared much about it during all the time that has since passed until a few months ago, when the name â* Klondike"â became a comâ "ap THE YUKON RIVER. Through this vast country from northeast to southâ west flows one of the great rivers of the worldâthe Yukon. It is a wide and sandy stream, like the Missouri in class, difficult of navigation, and full of floating ice, or frozen entirely for more than half the year. Neverâ theless, it is sixty miles wide at its mouth, and a thousand miles above it is still at flood some ten miles wide. It is navigable for âsteamboats nineteen hundred miles and more above its mouth, where two other streams, the Lewes andâPelly rivers, join to form it.: Smaller steamers can navigate these two streams some hundreds of miles their season, and the Indians had a name for itâ "ThloonâDiuk," said to mean " plenty of fish," and hence our nameâ" Klondike." A white man named Carmack, a " squawâman," who had lived in that country several years, a man who was not a ininer at all, but a fisherman, went to this stream in the summer of 1896 with two Indians, to look for gold. They found it, and with such success, and in such quantity, as had never before been known in history. There were th¢n in the same region other placer mines, such as Circle City, Forty Mile, etc. These were good mines until Carmackâs discovery was noised abroad, and then they were deserted, and everybody went to the Klondike. > For Carmack had indeed made a phenomenal find. In To SAN FRANCISCO, Cal.......... $62 50 $52 50 â _| mon word, and that place and Alaska are very intimately the low bars beside the stream he found pay dirt that To PORTLAND Oreu i 61.50 51'50 _ | connected. Then we began to think about it, and inquire panned out a dollar to the pound of dirt; twenty to fifty 1 es t 24. 1. * how we might best get there, and to be intensely interested dollars to the pan; and this had not been done before in To TACOMA, wash stt se 61.50 81.50 /â| in the two words, " Alaska " and the " Klondike." A | any corner of the world. To SEATITLE, Wash. ....... ... 61.50 51.50 It may be well enough to state, however, that during Among the men who were already in Alaska, and who went to the Klondike from Circle City and elsewhere, were those who brought the first news to the United States. They arrived in San Francisco from the north on July 16, To YANCOUVER, B. C 61.50 51.50 _ f all this time Alaska has not been useless to us. She has To ASECRORT ,B C t it J 6150 « 5150 f paid us some thirty millions of dollars in gold alone, and about sixty millions in other northern products, such as whalebone, walrus ivory, canned salmon, etc. . I To EDMONTON, Alberta.......... 6010 â_ 55.80 RATES FROM PORTLAND, TACOMA, SEATTLE AND VANCOUVER, Based upon information Received as Late as February 1, 1898, are as follows : NOTEâThese rates are subject to change according to circumstances which may arise later in the season. 1st Class 2d Class 0 SKAGJAY, Maska........ s 100 00 35.00 noghmenanesczate ALASKA AS A COUNTRY. Thinking of Alaska as a locality, as a place toâ go to, it will be well to remember that it is enormous in size.. Its coastâline is nearly eight thousand miles longâmuch longer than the entire Atlantic Coast of the United States. It is nearly eleven hundred miles long from north to south, and RAFTING DOWN THE YUKON. further. But it is all difficult navigation because of the character of the river. Draining an empire and pouring almost as much water into the sea as the Mississippi does, its current is ruled by floating ice or drifting sand, and for most of its vast length it traverses a wilderness which, for the most part, the foot of civilized man has not yet trodden. 1897, ragged, weatherâbeaten and seemingly forlorn, but they had an average of about twentyâfive thousand dollars apiece in nuggets, and some of them had a hundred thousand each. It was on that day that the civilized world learned the new name of "Klondike," and it was thus that the great âinterest in that country began. Now, it is possible that, to the majority, this little stream, running into the Yukon at a distance of 1,850 miles from its mouth, practically means all there is of gold prospects and the hope of future wealth. It is the center witiese. ! , To DYEA (Taiya), Alaska........ $50.00 _ $35.00 RATES FROM SEATTLE To ST. MICHAELS, Alaska ....... 150.00 125.00 â ,_:,.mâ.., mnmmmigttreentitemmassmes else, it is necessary to follow the course of the Yukon from its mouth to Dawson City, a distance of 1,662 miles. This carries one across the eastern boundary of TO w ANGEL Alï¬Ska ........... 3{)00 2000 | of interest, and all who want to go think, first, of that ( q SII;KA Al'ï¬Skï¬ 50.00 35.00 f LOCATION OF THE CGOLD FIELDS. locality as the place to which they are bound. But it ought 0 j paiiarer ol t w X 4 y ! _ To form with the imagination a true conception of to be understood that the Klondike is only one small TO JUNEAU, AlaSKa- Cioooooocooooe 35-00 22'00" the 10C3ti0ï¬ Of the Klondike Wlth reference to 3.11 things stream among an immense number Of such. The YUkOlâl Gold Fields are not confined to the British possessions, nor even to a small portion of our own west of the 14oth meridian. This gold district lies on both sides of the Yukon, 6 9 To WwBARE; Alaska.:............ 300.00 200.00 Alaska, and- i.nto the British pos.sessi.ons under control and on both sides of the boundary line. The gold in a Oh 0 EST To RAMPART CITY, Alaska....... 300.00 250.00 t gi u?jarDoifsmfx: :f ffjmrï¬s 1â:1: tilesta;icei:zoz? :22 placelrlï¬eldha}ways hgorr;feslfro:w somex;:ere ell;e,ï¬ alndd *ft ::-d * To MANOOK CREEKâ Alaska. . .. ... 300.00 260.00 } Klondikz are undoubtedly on 'Czinadian soil.ggTTle eastern :zit;eaâZf:rnlg;:t :)fISAl::kea SÃ©(â;â:::;' an aieioof atelea(s)t onlz To DAWSON ClTY, Maskq.» ~: ... . 300.00. 250.00 : STEAMER ON THE YUKoN. boundary of our Territory of Alaska has never been laid thousand square miles, possibly much more. _ It is, in reality, | * «~a ie SEE | & @ra«C0 _ P INSIDE To above points firstâclass rates cover meals and berths on steamers ; secondâclass rates includeâmeals and bunk:.on steamers. _ Firstâclass and Tourist Sleeping Cars are run on the various routes, for which sleeping berth reservations will be made in adâ vance upon application by mail or wire to F. A. MILLER, Assistant General Passenger Agent, 315 Marquette Building, Chicago, I!I. A. C. BIRD, GEO. H. HEAFFORD, GENâL TRAFFIC MANAGEh, GENâL PASSENGER AGENT, from west to east it is about eight hundred miles. It has an area of more than five hundred thousand square miles. If you take the big State of Texas and add Colorado and California to it, you will have in the three an area of about the size of Alaska, for there are in that domain three hundred and sixtyânine million acres. It is, in fact, not a place, but an immense country. It juts out into the sea as the square northwest corner of the Continent of North out, but it is just west of the 140th meridian of longitude. At the distance mentioned above the mouth of the river and on Canadian soil, there runs into the main stream a little river about two hundred miles long, at most. It is a shallow stream, named on all the maps and charts except the latest "Reindeer River." There were never any reindeer in that country until a few were taken to Alaska some four years ago for the benefit of the matives, and at the expense of the United States upon the finding of other streams like the Klondike, and other pay dirt that pans out richly, that the prospects of all who go to the far north in search of gold depend. The Klondike was long ago thickly occupied with claims. THE CONDITIONS OF COLD FINDING IN THE NORTH. There has been nothing so far to indicate that the Klondike field is less rich than it was at first supposed to be. It is the most remarkable field ever discovered. There are many stories of its richness that pass belief, but that still remain undisputed. Five dollars to the pound of dirt ; fifty, a hundred ; five hundréd dollars to the panâthese were the CHICAGO, ILL. j America, and its westernmost cape is some sixty miles $4 Government. It was a mistake, and one that would from the eastern coast of Asia, across Bering Strait. (See never âhave been of importance if gold had not been MSend for a copy of our Illustrated Pamphlei,w map inside this folder.) found there. It is a stream always full of salmon in "A GOLDEN ERA." It costs but four cents. . ; f & ' âAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL ' RAILWAYâ1898 OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE win DEALER IN THE U. S,° . _ OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE f OLD HONESTY cAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE mikAes s $ f=axlers DEALER IN THE U. S. DEALER IN THE U. s. ae cce immaih ithesoltiiontme in ; 4 4 $ C rrmiomere E: id wl â : . 4 â eenrmm ow Nirremmepee "a I OM a llcl :~"" c cofmaton remmee omcs ; > ienss rs=re ® * e h EeigL e 5.000 onmiliemptares o on per aee i s ced Fimeeeamm o ramers . erememengs * ue ucss c ce ie e . bermmages es Lus âall in general who _ and make another fire, and so on down. tales that charmed mankind. _ Whether accounts were strictly true âor were not, it is certain that sudden wealth has § rewarded the toils of most of those who were the holders of t he first claims. The place is distant and hard to reach.s It is not known now what luck those have had who went to the field during the summer. of> 1897._ But all those who have gone and have returned; * ââHOME, SWEET HOME "â IN A MINING CAMP. have written letâ s ters, do but confirm the now almost universal opinion of the unprecedented richness of a field the coldest, most inhosâ pitable, most remote, that was ever visited on the errands of sudden wealth. For the circuinstances are most peculiar, and the gold is found under circumstances never before known. The ground freezes to a depth of sixteen to eighteen feet; rather, it was so frozen at a time unknown, and has never thawed. A growth of arctic moss a foot or more thick covers this frozen world, so that over most of the country the actual surface is concealed, and the things the prospector wishes to find cannot be seen. Southwestern and Southern Alaska are forest country, but this northern region has not much timber, and what there is is small. "Pay dirt," here as elsewhere, is not dirt at all, gravel. Here it does not lie on the surface, and the first thing to do where it is suspected is to dig a well, usually square, through the overlying earth down to the gravel. Sometimes it lies almost under the moss; often it is down several feet. The richest finds on the Klondike were made at a depth of twelve to eighteen feet. The brief period of summer never thaws the ground more than a few inches, and the quickâcoming cold of another winter freezes only this thin layer.. To dâig is much like delving in black concrete, and to dig at all it is usual to build a fire and thaw the ground a little, and dig out that There is little question that oil or naptha flares have been adapted to this use ere now, together with many other appliances for meeting the hitherto unknown difficulties of this new region. When the gravel, or pay dirt, is reached it is taken out and piled in heaps in the open air, no attempt being made to wash it except in summer when the universal ice has been melted into water to use in sluices and cradles. There is a mew difference also in the kind of pay dirt found. It is never "dust," though it is called that. It is in detail these â but" | _ OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROIâl A?lY WHOLESALE â DEALER IN THE U â hotifimomcscnptarstitin santcant found in small piecesânuggets or irregularly shaped masses, that are from the size of a pinâhead to that of a bean. Often these are large âenough to be picked up with the. fingers. When a miner has " struck it rich" he knows it. O{ all " free gold," this is the finest that ever was found, and the most attractive to the miner. The gravel is peculiar also in being of an almost inky blackness. As it lies there, on or near the " bedrock," it is unlike anything found on the surface. It does not belong there with its load of gold, and came from somewhere else, no man now knows where. But when that " mother lode" is found, he who is so fortunate as to discover it will be possibly at the moment the richest man in the world. THE CLIMATE OF ALASKA. There are two climates. The climateâof the coast and that of the interior are not alike, and the difference is surâ prising.â That of the coast is produced by the current of warm water that has a similar effect to that produced by the gulf stream of the Atlantic. On the Aleutian Islands, and in a strip of territory thirty to forty miles wide along the coast, the temperature rarely falls to zero. Winter does not begin until December:first, and at the end of May the BUILDING A BOAT. snow is gone. The mean winter temperature at Sitka is above that of Washington, D.C. Juneau has also a mild winter, as have other places not beyond the coast range of mountains. There is here a difference of dnly about twentyâfive degrees between winter and summer. perature of July is 55 degrees. It is the rainiest country in the world, and the rain falls in incessant drizzles. There is much cloud and fog. Everyâ thing is wet almost all the time. There are less than When it happens The average temâ seventy clear days in an average year. not to rain it is remarkably clear, and one sees a beautiful country, with magnificent scenic effects. Even at Point Barrow, the most northern point in the possessions of the United States, the average temperature is less than one degree colder than the average air current at the top of Pikeâs Peak. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE . DEALER IN THE U. S. mrors obscured by clouds. âwas very cold, the average being 7° The interior, including the Klondike region and an immense country besides, is a striking contrast to all this. In midwinter the sun rises at about 10.00 a. m., and sets at 2.00 to 3.00 p.m., the total length of the day being four hours at most. The sun rises but a little distance above the horizon, and is even then often Judged by our ideas of climate and sunshine, the winter of Northern Alaska is a long twiâ light, bitter cold. * The country has not been long enough occupied by white men to afford as yet an accurate statement in degrees of mean or average temperatures, winter and summer. So far as now known the summer temperature is between 60° and 70° in the interior, and the average of winter is about 28° below zero. . During the winter of 1896â97 the average on the upper Yukon was that, with 54° as the lowest. A lady teacher resident there remarks that "during the shortest days we have but little more than two hours of daylight, and that up to the time of the Klondike discoveries of gold, the prinâ cipal amusement was sleighriding after a team of from four to twelve dogs. Then dogs became quickly worth a hundred dollars each, and all the men harnessed them to sleds and went away two hundred and forty miles through the cold and snow to the Klondike." The Director of the Meteorological Office at Toronto has published a digest of the records at Fort Constantine, a military post in the Northwest Territory, from November 1, 1895, to May 31, 1897. In 1895, the thermometer first touched zero on November 1oth, and the last zero recorded in the spring was on April 29th. Between December 19th and February 6th the mercury never rose above zero. The lowest reading was 65° below zero, and occurred on January 27th, and on twentyâfour days during the wihter the temperature was 50° below zero. On March 12th the thermometer first rose above freezing point, but there was no continuous mild weather until May 4th, after which date the temperature frequently rose above 60°. The ¥Yukon River froze on October 28th, and did not thaw again until May 17th. In June the temperature reached 70° on twelve days, and on one day it touched 80°. Frost was recorded on the 7th, and the average temperature of the month was 53°, which is 3° lower than the normal June temperature on Lake Athabasca, and nearly the same as the May normal in Winnipeg. August was a fairly warm month, but the average for September was only 43°. Winter returned at the end of September, and on the 30th of the month the thermometer went down to 6° below zero. The average temperature of October was 27°, and November below zero, and the lowest reading 39° below. The Yukon froze on the 5th. From that time onward the weather gradually became colder and colder, although that winter was exceptionally mild. The climatic conditions of the far north are given at some. length, because, given the gold and the exceptional richness of the field, the climate is the chiefest thing. We have OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. . M is w ancsitmntnnssomenidhbitee nothing to measure it by in any of our ânatural eBperiences. It can be endured. No clime has so far been found that could bar the energy of men of Saxon blood. The actual journey, growing easier as time passes, owing to the making of roads and the construction of steel wire tramways in the passes and the finding of new paths, is not such as, to deter determined men. If you ask a man who knew the difficulties and perils of " fortyânine"â on the road to California, you will find him smiling at all the perils and hardships of Alaska save oneâthe eternal cold.. To be wellâequipped is the important thing. To be destitute and dependent means defeat, DAWSON CITY. suffering, and very likely death. Surveyors like Ogilvie,' doing their work in winter and summer alike, and doing it well, seem to make no complaint in their reports of anything more than the shortness of the winter days. such as Ladue, McDonald, McQuestién, Harper, and Carmack himself, have lived in Northern Alaska Many now wellâknown men, many years : Women and children have lived there without harm and apparently without complaint. THE NECESSARY OUTFIT. Much has been written on this subject, and many remarkable statements have been given out as to what is absolutely necessary for the journey and the northern life. First, it should be remembered that most we have and use in common life comes under the head of actual luxuries. We must dismiss those views and understand that in this case all that can be permitted is zecessi?zes. The pack a man must carry on his backâand it will be understood that the carrying of this, however, is a necessity to be calculated uponâshould in no case weigh more than forty pounds. It seems not a heavy burden at the start, but here again experience comes forward. It is a heavy load at nightfall for an ableâbodied man. The first consideration is something to eat. Not one man in a thousand knows how much flour, or meat, or coffee," he consumes in a day.. Hundreds of mistakes have been OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. L made in thlS field already. United States Army ration. has ere now carried immense numbers of men across desents Possibly a good criterion is the It has been long tried, and | and through fighting campaigns. This ration for ore man for one day is as follows : Old Honesty PlugâITwo and twoâthirds ounces Bacon or PorkâThreeâquarters of one pound. BeefâOne and a quarter pounds, whether fresh or salt. BreadâTwentyâtwo ounces of bread or flour, or one : pound of hard bread, or a pound and a quarter of corn meal. To every one hundred. rations of these substantials are issued the following quantities of beans or rice, coffee or tea, and sugar and soap and salt : BeansâEight quarts, or Rice, ten pounds, Coffee (not roasted)âTen pounds, or Tea, one and one half pounds. i SugarâFifteen pounds SoapâFour pounds. SaltâTwo quarts. CAMPâIN THE MINING DISTRICT. This ration haâs often been commented upon as enough for a small {family in ordinary life. 1t is that of the bestâfed the world. Any party of men taking these | basis may be assured that they have enough | of bread or flour ®" in soldiers in quantities as a of wholesome food. garrison ââ consists of only eigZ/eer ounces of flour or soft One ration bread, or twelve ounces of hard bread. CENERAL EQUIPMENT. Here some of the exigencies of âthe northern jou arise, demanding articles as part of the outfit that ordin would be excluded. Few persons go alone, and it is "a best to form a party. In that case one tent, one and one boat or raft, will serve for all. Also the / tools that are used in common need not be m« men than for one. The articles necessary fo »â five who wish to be well equipped may âbe state One canvas tent about 12x 12 feet; one can of sheet iron, light enough to carry over the " veniently ; one fryingâpan, large ; two twoâqua, ()LD HONESTY CAN BEâ:PROCURED FROM ANY WE | DEAUER IN THE U. S. a I | hm en oar gm one heavy tin plate for each man, with a knife, fork and spoon ; two large kitchen knives; two hatchets for driving nails; one ax, heavy, an extra handle; one drawing knife ; two hundred feet of good threeâquarterâinch rope; one handsaw ; one whipâsaw for getting out lumber; six files, assorted ; fifteen to twentyâfive pounds nails, assorted sizes ; ten pounds oakum for calking seams of boats; ten pounds pitch; two good water whetstones; fishing tackle, assorted, and a good, heavy, 10âbore shotgun, and a fair amount of ammunition. CLOTHING. Habit of life, personal taste, and size of pocketâbook have all to do with this question of a personal outfit. But here again we encounter the question, not of luxury, but of absolute necessity. Heavy woolen underwear is the first necessary thing. It will be found now at the outfitting stores, made purposely. The feet require as much foreâ thought as any other part of the body, for a man on a tramp that »ewst be finished, with sore, tired and pinched feet, is an object of commiseration. Something nearly approaching the now wellâknown necessities of the case would be : Two suits, at least, of heavy woolen underwear. Two heavy outside woolen shirts. Half dozen pairs heavy woolen socks. One " Mackinaw " coat. One pair strong thickâsoled leather boots of best quality. Two pairs best high rubber PLACER MINING: boots. One waterproof overcoat. The cowboys find the yellow "slipper" more practical than rubber. Four pairs stout overalls, canvas preferred. Two pairs heavy blankets. Six pairs mittens, stout leather, wool lined. Several pairs of heavy tnousers, the stronger the better, woolen not always preferred, good cotton velveteen or the best corduâ roy being stronger. Anyone may add to this, or may go with less. have done the latter. Many To these articles may, on the other hand, be added such as lighter underwear, " sweaters," OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. nanmae â au merommmmpemes But at least there must be added cotton handkerchiefs, needles and thread, extra buttons, and four or five yards of mosquito netting or some equivalent. . night the summerâ cotton socks, etc. time mosquito of the far north is a terror. There are various knickâ knacks in the way of spices, ginger, ete., that may BDe taken if âthey can be carried. â But all be included under the head of tobacco, and all mediâcines under that of a couple PANNING FOR COLOR. of ounces of quinine. 7 Besides the general camp supplies, tools, tent, étc., each man will need a good strong, longâbladed pocketâknife, a small compass, and a pair of snowâspectacles to save the eyes. A good American watch, with a strong, light case, not gold, is also an essential. o The cost of this personal outfit ought to be less than two hundred dollars at any of the outfitting cities on the Pacific Coast. The more cash a man has after this purchase, up to $500, the better his chances are for getting more. Many have got along with much less than the sum named. Hunâ dreds more have wished they had started with that much. sCMETHINCG ABOUT MINING IN CGENERAL. It may seem like going back to the alphabet to state certain facts in connection with gold, yet it is certain that to the great majority these facts are unknown. It is understood without argument that while gold is a metal that has been found all over the world, it has always It is in this limit that its value and consequent charm consist. been found in limited quantities. So far as the mining of it goes, gold is always found in one or the other of two forms. The form that always first attracts the attention and desire of mankind, is placer gold. This is never naturally where it is found. It was in the rock first. somewhere else, and was ground out of its matrix by natural It came from processes and carried to the place where it is found by water. Therefore, placer gold is always looked for in or near streams or washes, or where these once were, though they may now be covered with earth, or rock, or even lava. Almost always the gold lies at the very bottom of the deposit. It is very heavy, and as it was washed along with the earth or sand it gradually sank, and so is found in greatest quantity on the bottom rockâthe " bedrock" of the minerâs vocabulary. y It gathers more thickly in one place than in another beâ cause of impediments in the way of its progress, such as ridges and hollows in the surface of the bedrock. When Day and _ luxuries âhad better, OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. ~can work no more. this gathering is in unusual quantity, the diggings are said to be rich. It follows from this that placer gold is always surface gold. The rock that held it lay where it could be reached by the grinding edges of a glacier, or by the trickâ ling water that in the course of ages ate away the rock that held it and released it. The great source of supply is the rock. â To find this goldâbearing rock, and follow it whitherâ soever it may lead toward the interior of the world, and to break it up and remove it with all it contains to the surface, and then get the gold out of it somehowâthis is "quartz mining." And after all it often "peters out," and the mining in that particular place ceases.: More rarely the vein grows better a§s it deepens, and when it does it may be depended on tHat men will follow it until it grows so hot for them that they This quartz mining is destined to beâ come in the Klondike and Alaska, as it has elsewhere, the final great mining feature of the country. The reason placer mines so attract the human species is that when a poor man finds one he can often work it himâ self. Where there is also plenty of water he almost always It takes money, often immense sums. "HUSKIE * DoG TRAIN. can. Recent tales of the Klondike show how this is The old California stories, which were true, show âthe same thing. The placer minerâs toolsâare'.s.imple and cheap : a pick, a longâhandled shovel, a pan, and later a "rocker" or the elongated rocker called a sluice. The sluice imitates the way of nature when she placed the gold in the placers. The long box has strips of wood placed crosswise in the bottom of the box, and as the current washes the gold and other material along the bottom the grains of gold, being the heaviest, sink and lodge against these " riffles." No one should make a mistake about the amount of gold that is likely to be found in even a really fine strike. In the flush times of placer mining in California the average value of the gold found in every ton of dirt handled did not exceed fortyâfive cents. In Australia it was never more than twice as much in gold diggings. After extensive work, the "clean up" is a very small pile indeed. Care, patience and a magnifying glass are necessary to the finding of any thing at all. The appearance of "color" enough to make a pinhead in a single pan has often been the reward of a prospectorâs lifetime. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. â pectorâs occupation Thousands have it in their minds to try gold mining. and it is well enough that a little information should be: had before doing so, though it be of the kind that an accusâ tomed miner or prospector would laugh at as bemg exceedâ ingly elementary and childish. _ Perhaps the questions arise, " How is prospecting: actuâ ally done? How does the tenderfoot go about the prelimiâ naries of gold! finding?" f To prospect for placer gold the prospector has a pam made of Russia iron. It has sloping sides, and is about fourteen inches across. He shovels away the upper layer of gravel, and the nearer he gets to bedrock the better. He fills his pan: about twoâthirds full from this lower stratum, and holds it im a running stream or in a hole filled with water. â Whem his find is not near water, he must do the best he can in the way of getting the dirt to the water or the water to the dirt. He usuallly picks out the larger stones by hand, and gives the remaiinder of the contents a peculiar motion in the panâa cominatiom of a shake and a twist. He wants to keep the contents suspended in the water so that the lighter portions will wastr out of the vessel while the heavier will sink to the bottom. â This remainder will consist of black sand, iron ore, heavy stuff of any kind, and among this debris, by very close inspection, he may find some tiny speck with the dull yellow gleam of gold. This is a «color." If there are several of them he counts them, and if he has four or five colors he has "struck it rich," and then follows all the joy he has tramped and toiled for. There are cases at the Klondike where the colors were far more numerous than this, and where all a man had to do to get rich was to keep on filling his pan and " panning it out." There are also cases where great nuggets were found, and specimens of these everybody has seen. . These cases give the general idea of the riches of the gold find. In the world of mining at large they are very rare.: & y The _prospector "locates"" his claim under _theâ mining * laws, and then he was a #elaim. Often he has agreed to share his find with others before starting out, that is khe has a ââgrub stake." The prosâ is one of those that are never abanâ donedâuntil a "strike" is made or death intervenes. Hard as it seems, it is one of the most fascinating of human pursuits, illumined always by eternal hope. If sucâ cess comes at last it crowns a life of loneliness and toil with âareward that is one of the most gratifying a man can know. WORKING THE SLUICE. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. HOW TO GET THERE. } Reference to the map on the inside ¢ will show various routes to Portland, Tacon12 the great outï¬ttmg points for Alaska. In the early spring and throughout the s« 1898, the means of transportation from the Puge cities to the various points of disembarkation in will be practically unlimited, although the spring e of goldâhunters to the northward will undoubtedly the seaâgoing ships to their utmost capacity, and n hurrying persons will beâcompelled to wait in the NÂ« â Pacific Coast cities for days at a time, in order to sec, passage on vessels of either regular or "tramp" lin Later in the season better accommodations may t secured, and quicker time made to the farâaway destina, tion lying just outside of the Arctic Circle. ; For passengers desiring to go to the Klondike country from Portland, Tacoma or Seattle, and desiring the latest and most complete and reliable information as to dates of sailing of vessels, we suggest that application be made to the nearest ticket agent for the folders and bulletins issued by the Northern Pacific R. R. and Great Northern Ry., che great transcontinental lines extending west from St. Paul to Puget Sound. E Other routes are via Ogden and San Francisco over â the Southern Pacific R. R. to San Francisco, thence via ocean to Alaska;. via Ogden and Portland over the Oregon Short Line and the O. R. & N. Co., and thence by steamer to Alaska; via Victoria âover the Canadian Pacific Ry., or via the same road to Ashcroft, B.C., and overland by stage, wagon and horse trail northward to Alaska. All these, railway companies will undoubtedly furnish the latest and most reliable information.obtainable. âduring the season of 1898, and their printed matter should be sought after. So far as the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. is concerned, it is a connecting link with all these various ;'routes, either via Chicago, Omaha and Ogden for San Francisco and Portland, or via Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul for Ashcroft, Victoria, Portland, Tacoma and Seattle. It is anticipated that the great majority of gold seekers will choose to go via Chicago and St. Paul to either Tacoma or Seattle, and take steamers from those points on Puget Sound. Whichever route the passenger may select, he should always ask the ticket agent for a ticket reading over the. Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry., and see that he gets it. All agents are supplied with maps and time tables of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry., and they can be had for the asking. Further information will be cheerfully furnished upon application to any passenger representative of this great railway, or by addressing Old Colony Building, Chicago, l!I. General Passenger Agent. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S se _i VIA THE Rates or Fare rrom CHicaco 1st Class 2d Class To SAN FRANCISCO, Cal.......... $62.50 _ $52.50 To PORTLAND, Ore... ......... 61.50 81.50 To TACOMA;, Wash ....... ..... 61.50 61.50 |. To SEBATILE, Wash. ........... 61.50 51.50 To YANCOUVER, B. C............â 61.50 51.50 To ASHCROERT, B.C..... ....... 61.50 __ 84.50 To EDMONTON, Alberta.......... 6010 55.80 RATES FROM PORTLAND, TACOMA, SEATTLE AND VANCOUVE R, Based upon information Received as Late as February 1, 1898, are as follows : NOTEâThese rates are subject to change according to circumstances which may arise later in the season. 1st Class 2d Class To DYEA (Taiya), Alaska........ $50.00 $35.00 To SKAGJAY, Maska........ sana â U(E 35.00 To WRANGEL, Alaska........... 30:00 20.00 To SHTKA AMaska.......... s 35000 35.00 To JUNEAU, Maska............. 305.00 22.00° RATES FROM SEATTLE To ST. MICHAELS, Alaska ....... 150.00 125.00 To: WEARE; Alaska:s.......... . 300.00 250.00 To RAMPART CITY, Alaska....... 300.00 200.00 To MANOOK CREEK, Alaska....... 300.00 250.00 | To DAWSON CITY, Alaska........ 300.00 .___250.00 To above points firstâclass rates cover meals and berths on steamers ; secondâclass rates includeâmeals and bunk.:.on steamers. _ Firstâclass and Tourist Sleeping Cars are run on the various routes, for which sleeping berth reservations will be made in adâ vance upon application by mail or wire to F. A. MILLER, Assistant General Passenger Agent, 315 Marquette Building, Chicago, I!!. A. C. BIRD, GEO. H. HEAFFORD, GENâL TRAFFIC MANAGEâR, GENâL PASSENGER AGENT, CHICAGO, ILL. | M Send for a copy of our lllustrated Pamphlet, W | â"A GOLDEN ERA." It costs but four cents. Emmniiiermecs» . d mm es AND PORTIONS OF THE _ NoRrTHwEsT TErriTORy, J-ch'Hâ. . & 0 Village _SHOWING 1 N 0 o $ ho ha A Heotchi Indian vm.gââ AN OUTFIT FOR ALASKA. For camp outfit and tools the estimate is made on the supposition that two men go together, That is the only correct way to do. Very little more is reâ MADE UP BY A MINER WHO HAS BEEN THERE. Provisions, Clothing, Tools and Camp Utensils Enough to Last One Man One quired for two than for one, and there are so many things that require two sets of hands that the traveler should in the first place select a partner of congenial tastes and one with whom he is measurably certain to agree and get along without disputing. . But one thing should be borne in mind. No matter how many may elect at the outset to go in a single party, the outâ | M es t ha mm TRAâ;ââ UN[TED STATES MlNl NG LAWS. Mines on benches shall be known as bench diggings, and The mining laws of the United States were not made applicable in Alaska when they were passed, and hence has arisen a misapprehension, many persons not knowâ ing that they were made to apply to that territory by the Acts of July 4, 1856, and May 17, 1874. . The general landâlaws do not apply to Alaska now, excep? ; The shall for the purpose of defining the size of such claims, be excepted from dry diggings. Dry diggings shall mean any mine over which a river never extends. A miner shall mean a male or female over the age of 18, but not under that age. Claim shall mean the personal right of property in a placer mine or diggings during the time for which grant of such mine or diggings is made. : i 4 f Legal post shall mean a stake standing not less than four 3 % township laws, providing for the incorporation of tOWn~ | feet above the ground and squared on four sides for at least Yearân-âA Little I:edimlne of Tthe Bight age stouta stways be propared in seg of tho.. Pran: L;::arDuAJh ships, and the tss of title thereto by township | one foot from e lup: . hoh siges sostuatad ghall messare Sort Must Be Taken Along, TooâTotal Weight 1,500 PoundsâCost, $241.75. The San Francisco Call asked a miner, who has had sions, tools, etc., should all be arranged in that way, giving each two men a complete outfit, âThen, when parties break up, as all comprising more than two men are certain to do sooner or later, there will be no diffiâ culty in dividing supplies and tools. i 0 trustees, and the laws regulating trade and manufacâ tures, and giving each qualified person 160 acres of land in a square and compact form. The United States mining law is, in brief, as follows : it The term (placer claim,â as defined by the United States at least four inches across the face. . It shall also mean any stump or tree cut off and squared or faced to the above height and size. Close season shall mean the period of the year during which placer mining is generally suspended. The period to be fixed by the gold commissioner in whose district the claim t tlam. j Supreme Court,lls ground within defined boundaries dwhich ie sitimtens 4 R 4 6 P 2 ig) contains mineral in its earth, sand or gravel; ground that Locality shall mean the territory along a river (tributary to considerable experience in Alaska, to write a detailed |._ ror two men the following tools and camp outfit will q Ad includes valuable deposits not in place, that is, not fixed in | the Yuko);l and its affluents). & $ f *3 schedule of the equipment needed by anyone who venâ | suffice : L "af m rock, but which are in a loose state, and may in most cases | / Minerals shall include all minerals whatsosver other than tures Klondikeward to search for gold. He sent this : reply : I made a prospecting trip through Alaska last year 1 sheet iron stove ... $5.00 110âinch drawâknife .70 1 bake pan.......... .20 1 râinch chisel....... .45 1 8âqt. camp kettle .. . .50 1 brace, }âinch and oS be collected by washing or amalgamation without milling." The manner of locating placer mining claims differs from that of locating claims upon veins or lodes. In coal. watume axp size or cLanis, : f : locating a vein or lode claim, the United States statutes | . Bat 'âuâi(âgs ;";â be a strip of land 100 âââhWid_e at high and had the usual rough experiences of a prospector in | 1 ï¬-qt.hcamp keL;âle 2. 50 a 1âinch bits rag m: provide that no claim shall extend more than 300 feet rét:::srlnâ:s:e;algwi ence extending along: into the river to its vi iguri 18âat. heavy tin brea 2 AICS coavnrrer novee 30 (s on each side of the middle of the vein at the surface, or 4 m it heve F the far norâth _All of yroâuï¬psople"\ho are figuring on P aand epponen nooolinsramio e hanter Neskatakeen 1,500 feet alongâthe vein, and that no claim shall be âne::;,;d::f,â:;â;â:'s";,é:;,f]f N :';âxlle,b(oânf' & ene n h neee l e aimna in fo e nine es on | n gâ(1.ca mp cofter pat |.§5 whetstong....... 25 limited by mining regulations to less than twentyâfive # i & se upon you by all sorts of people, chiefly by those who | 1 2âqt. galvanized 100 feet 5gâinch rope 1.65 have gained all their information from books and papers. Iam going to tell you what a yearâs rough experiâ ence taught me were the absolute necessaries there, the cheapest cost, and how best to prepare for the trip. Itâs a hard trip at the best, and you will find that pracâ tical advice will be of inestimable service to you. The usual estimates are made upon the basis of the expenditure of sums of money ranging from $300 to $1,000. These, of course, are all very well for those who have the money to lay out in such a manner, But the greater share of the men who will set out for Alaska this spring will doubtless be of limited means, who are compelled to make every dollar go as far as possible. The first and most requisite is, of course, food . For a yearâs supply the following. will fill the bill, _ It should be stated that the prices and goods are the actual ones charged and suppliedâby a downtown retail store and âcan be duplicated at any time : PROVISIONS FOR ONB MAN FOR A YEAR: 73 lbs. sugar, ... ago Ibs. bacon .. 100 bs. beans. z0 Ibs. salt......... .. $0.15 25.00 1 lb. pepper, black . .25 175 4lb. pepper, cayâ en .zo | 150 feet âinch rope 1.00 45 10 Ibs. pitch......... 40 40 § lbs. oakum . vevigo c .25 20 lbs. nails, 6, 8 an anite plates Je lbl..sis 2 knives and forks. Chalk and line . 2 granite spoons. «33 2 gold pans.......... I 2 picks and handles 2,20 2 6âfoot shovels, 1 gold scales. 1 compass .. ve., 2.00 1r0Xx:2 tent, to 0z d ..12.00 13.00 Total, $64.80 2 granite cups. .Bo cut saw 1 handâsa 1 rip saw . 1 jack plane. ue a Yukon sleds. .. .85 In this list again there is room for amplification, and there are many other articles which would be found very convenient and pleasant to have. But those articles are not absolute essentials, and it is with the essentials and not superfluities that we are dealing with in this article. Another essential is the medicine chest, and here, too, is quite a wide range, though not so wide as in the other features, . The following, however, are the articles that were found useful, if not essential, during a seasonâs sojourn in Alaska : B. R Routes of the Wh Daiton Trail, and G. Bound Trail. feet on each side of the middie of the vein at the surâ In locating placer claims, the law provides that no location of such claim upon surveyed lands shall include more than twenty acres for each individual laimarit, The pi Court, , has held that one person can hold as many locations as he can purchase and rely upon his possessory title ; that a separate patent for each location is unnecessary.. Loâ caters have to show_[proof of citizenship or intention to become citizens. . This may be done in the case of an individual by his own affidavit ; in the case of an assoâ clation incorporated by a number of individuals by the affidavit of their authorized agent, made on his own knowledge or upon information and belief; and in the case of a company organized under the laws of any state or territory, by the filing of a certified copy of the charter or certificate of incorporation. A patent for any land claimed and located may be obtained in the following manner : f ©Any person, association or corporation authorized to locate a claim, having claimed and located a piece of land, and who has or have complied with the terms of the law, may file in the proper land office an application for a patent under cath, showing such compliance, together with a plat and field notes of the claim or claims in common made by or under the direction of the United States Surveyor General, showing accurately the boundaries of the claim or claims, which shall be distinctly marked by monuments on the ground, and shall post a copy of such plat. together with a and shall be marked by four legal posts, one at each end of the claim at or about highâwater mark, also one at each end of the claim at or about the edge of the water. One of the posts at highâwater mark shall be legibly marked with the name of the miner and date upon which the claim was staked. Dry diggings shall be 100 feet square and shall have placed at each of its four comners a legal post, upon one of which shall be legibly marked the name of the miner and the date upon which the claim was staked. Creek and river claims shall be 100 feet long, mcasured in the direction of the general course of the stream, and shall extend in width from base to base of the hill or bench on each side, but when the hills or benches areâless than 100 feet apart the claim may be 100 feet in depth. The sides of a claim shall be two parallel lines run as nearly as possible at right angles to the stream, The sides shall be marked with legal posts at or about the edge. of the water and at the rear boundaries of the claim. One of the legal posts at the stream shall be legibly marked with the name of the miner and the date upon which the claim was staked. A bench claim shall be rco feet square and shall have placed at each of its four corners a legal post upon which al be legibly marked the name of the miner and the date upon which the clain was staked. Entry shall only be granted for alternate claims, the other alternate claims being reserved for the Crown, to be disposed of at public auction, or in such manner as may be decided by the Minister ofthe Interior. The penalty for trespassing upon a claim reserved for the Crown shall be immediate cancellation. by the Gold Comâ missioner of any entry or entries which the person trespassâ ing may have obtained, whether by original entry or purchase for a mining claim, and the refusal by the Gold Commissioner motice of such application for a patent, in a of the of any Hication which the person tresâ passing may at any time make for a claim, In addition to place on the land embraced in such plat, previous to the b L act â¬ application for a patent on such plat; and snall file an | such penalty, the Mounted Police, upon a requisition from go lbs. rice..... 2.50 NC ... k clee eee+ affidavit of at least two persons that such notice has been | the Gold Commissioner to that effect, shall take the necesâ as lbs, rolled oa 45 } 1b cinnamon, +20 | Sun cholera mixture, 3 sur%eonâs needles and duly posted, and shall file a copy of the notice in such land | saty steps to eject the trespasser. go Ibs. cornmeal.... 1.00 4 1b. mustard «25 | Comp. cathartic pills. silk. g» office, and shall thereupon be entitled to a patent to the land | , In defining the size of the claims, they shall be measured 100 Ibs. flour..... 2.30 | 2 lbs. soda.......... .10 | Quinine pills. Surgeonâs plaster, Nee in the manner following : the registrar of said land office, | R lly, of on the surface of the 200 Ibs. flour, whole s Ibs. baking powâ incture of fron. Absorbent cotton. upon the filing of such application, plot, field notes, notices | ground. 5 2 wheat........, 455 der ..........« 2:00 | Antikamnia tablets. Cotton bandages. : and affidavits, shall publish a notice that such application | _ If any person or persons shall discover a. new mine, and 10 lbs.. evaporated 5 boxes yeast.. + 30â Morphine pills, Antiseptic powder. has been made, for a period of sixty days, in a newspaper to such discovery shall be established to the satisfaction or the 4 case of pilot bread 1.c0 | Citrat acid, 2 pounds. a5 Ibs. dr. app 25 Ibs. dr. peaches. 25 lbs. dr. apricot st gross matches.... .30 so candles..... ...... .70 1o bars Ivory soap... .75 In the way of arms, where two men are going toâ be by him designated as published nearest to such claim ; and he shall post such notice in his office for the same period. | The claimant at the time of filing such application Gold Commissioner, a creek and river Claim 200 feet in length may be granted. A new stratum of auriferous earth or gravel situated in a Tocality where the claims are abandoned shall, for this purâ or at any time thereafter, within sixty days of publication, . bore shotgun an shall file with the regist rtificate of the United Stat pose, be deemed a new mine, although the same locality 10 lbs. raisins. . ..... io est es e i toous "rie ce ocia unogla Surveyor General; that 850 worth of Iabor has been expanded | shall have been previously worked at a different level, 10 lbs, tea, black ... 2.50 ââââ | about 200 reloadable shells. e other shou ave a or improvements made upon the claim by himself or| _ A Claim shall be recorded with the Gold Commissioner in as Ibs. coffe¢ ....... 8.75 Total .....++.$70.30 | 38â56 Winchester or other lightweight rifle, carrying 10 tbs. ULV n~~~>SsIY PLUVG TOBACCO. long cartridges, with 100 rounds of ammunition at léast, âPistols are not needed. Sheath knives are handy to have, Some fishing tackle is also essential. The various items of the complete outfit foot up as follows: grantors ; that the plot is correct, with such further descripâ (fion by: reforence to natural objectr or permanant monuments as shall idgntify the claim and furnish an accurate descripâ tion to be incorporated in the patent. At the expiration of the sixty days of publication, the claimant shall file his affiâ davit showing that the plat and notice have been posted in a conspicuious place on the claim during such period of publiâ cation," whose district it is situated within three days aft tion thercof, it it is located within ten miles of =c.G=ââ> . sionerâs office. One extra day shall be allowed for making such record for every additional ten miles âand: fraction thereof. An entry fee of $15 shall be charged the first year, and an annual fee of $15 for each of the following years. A royalty of ten per cent. on the gold mined shall be levied. the locaâ and collected by officers to be appointed. for the purpose, Provisions. fewes If noadverse claim shall have been filed with the regisâ | provided the amount so mined and taken from a single claim Clothi % sanCy trar of the land office at the expiration of the said sixty | does not exceed five hundred dollars per week. In case the : P C ow andtampeune Mc Manby . days, the claimant is entitled to a patent upon the pay. | amount mined and taken from any single claim exceeds five It is expected, of course, that considerable additions | £99/8.2nd camp w6 ment to the proper officer of $2.50 per acre for a placer | hundred dollars per week, there shall be levied and collected to the bill of fare will be made in various ways. For 8t & ce Noarts ____,.--gg,ff claim. . In the case of a lode claim, the price is $5 per | 2 T0¥alty of ten per cent. upon the amount so taken out up to two months in the year berries of half a dozen kinds are abundant everywhere. There are hucklcberrics, salmon berries, raspberries, blackberries, currants and gooscberries, cranberries and service berries. As for clothing, there is an equally wide range in the published estimates. . In one respect, however, they are nearly all alikeâthey all provide for more or less The total weight of the entire outfit will be about 1,500 pounds. Then comes the expense of the journey to Dyea. The present fares from San Francisco to Dyea are $29 second class, and $48 first class, âThe economical man will elect to undergo a little hardship as a sort of breakâ ing in for the journey across the mountains and will take acre. The location of a placer claim and keeping possesâ sion thereof until a patent shall be issued are subject to Tocal laws and customs. ADVERSE CLAIMS. âWhen an adverse claim is made during the sixty days period of publication, it must be under cath of the perâ five hundred dollars, and upon the excess, or amount taken from any single claim over five hundred dollars per week, there shall be levied and collected a royalty: Of twenty per cent., such royalty to form part of the Consolidated Revenue, and to be accounted for by the officers who collect the same in due course. . The time and manner in which such royalty shall be collected, and the persons who shall collect the same, shall be provided for by regulations to be made by the old Commissioner, # Default in payment of such royalty, if continued for ten ; 48 son or persons making the same, and shall ShOw the | gays after notice has been posted upon the claim. in respect R ; j ; 209y P hS un an «0 * C nature, boundaries and extent of such adverse claim ; | of yhich it i ; icini w wl in their may, and when moner ts no object they may | him about fs for fielght and aragage: on hio googa, â posege Rulor M all proomaiins recttt padhoaion of mates and | S iee fa nenace i. mt t it pinp bf i i omed t no remersmins mirrilenge) | en on mnnen e anie tosk e eprangs chod sp f ba s 4 ï¬linga davits thereof, are stayed until the controversy | cancellation of the claim. Any attempt to defraud the be obtained. But they are not essential, Thereare many | which will land them at cither Dyea or Skaguay on the 4 dlï¬ nks is settled by a court of competent jurisdiction or the | Crown by withholding any part of the revenue thus provided men who have been in Alaska for.years who corroboâ| wharf or beach. Then he must take care of them hintak cS Cltira 1. adverse claim is waived. . Within thirty days after filing for, by making felse statements of the amount tken out his. No included in th hich is | himself C Ni e Black mCBrurrent adad adverse claim, ï¬ontcsting party shall begin pr !â}:ï¬' Al d- âf i n; the âc,laim in respect of rate this. one is included in this estimate, which is | himself. «Nukhshak to determine the question of right of possession, and | which fraud or false ave been or i i ith hi ; * 5 4 Uwene he facts h fraud or false stateâ j ) shall pro te the same with r made. . In respect of the facts as to suc a se state as follows and is on thf: basns. of one yearâs s'upplyâ âWuh his partner he will at once commente moving Felos teep C, wamot i. Hinal j}ild;:l:gni Failuree soâto d?;gg?:t:s g;hag:?:ievel: ments or nonâpayment of royalty, the decision of the Gold though many of the articles will be just as serviceable | his goods to higher land and getting ready to start uti kâ Mc S Brffitar Pr, Pss Commissioner shall be final, at the end as at the beginning of the year. CLOTHING FOR ONE MAN: across the mountains. â If packers are hired it will cost from 18 to 5o centsa pound to get the outfit to the lakes. ce 1. wood 1. After such judgment, the party entitled toâ possession may file with the registrar a certified copy of the judgâ ment roll, together with a certificate from the surveyorâ The entry of every holder of a grant for placer mining must be renewed, and his receipt relinguished and replaced every eneral that the requisite amount of labor has been |â "RJ s fï¬e o epas cadâfâmeâ h i i : h or ha No miner shall receive a grant for more than one minin 2 pr. heavy blankets§$12.00 | x heavy ca $ stt praanl en se gone on the claim and the description required in other | claim in the same locality; but the same miner may hold pr. A Y Aetue y )'k_ P Tosals 790 | and start out, going to a suitable camping place, leayâ C.Grevite cases, and shall pay to the registrar $5 per acre of Such | any number of claims by purchase, and any number of miners & we]x] er'?ron x o prinn lm ittens 100 | ing their loads and going back for the remainder of & . claim, whereupon the whole proceedings and judgment | may unite to work their claims in common upoh such terms zsui?.sehcealx;'y.;vâc;câ»l.él; ssf i â};; â:k:);e;âslkï¬t:?ts- x« their goods. . This will not involve the expenditure of o roll shall be certified by the registrar to the general | as they may arrange, provided such agreement be registered underwear..... 6.00 â 100 | Towels........c.... .$0 any money. The only cash outlay required will be spending money if one desires, but there will be no £ "¢}¢ land commissioner, and the patent issues. with the Gold Commissioner, and a fee of $5 paid for each grant permits to miners to cut timber thereon for their own ~ registration. Macki â 5 f L i ing. th i hi e i t _ | car ooo when the Canadian customs officials are met, which s seï¬ nsl t us beremmemunenaitcuianig u}âé'lf'iâiâ;âéâf& Emt an 1 heavy sweate . 2g0 souâwester ..... g.00| will be at Lake Tagulsh, where duty of about 25 per ';; y Urâ?iltlcdafsï¬tcalgsl[:;y ;{râ:i:nicx}the mmm%gex:vi:{htg:âe .dâix,,.u:e workingd ghâ:,rï¬; and âlgd conslu-ulcï¬]c" of ;",eï¬i. 6 pr. hea woo r. d 1 i P L es ie before any officer ar ~| dence thereon, and shall be entitled exclusively to all the p;oc s. vy ... g.00 £ psna?é?(f;fsgzmc 6.50 eentnt ine nalne of dhe eools ?"" he demandec.l w3 : âY."âââ & ized to administer oaths within the land district where | proceeds realized therefrom ; but he shall have no surface 6 pr. cotton socks... 150 | a pr. heavy shoes,.. &.00| Collected. Once past thatâpoint no money will be fa Tdnity m the claim may be situated, and all proofs may be taken | rights therein, and the Gold Commissioner may grant to the r pair Mackina w _ 1 pr. felt ts and _ | needed aiioine c before any such officer, :ohâlgrslmâl E]dJaCHll chunfns 5:;" "gl;:_ of e?tâ;yt, sns stt t avcti 8 « e absolutely necessary for the working of their claims, upon , psa {,â,â:nket fined No A pcar%tâxgssq £ Not that there will not be abundant opportunity for â > such terms as may to him seem reasonable. . He may also 5 225 | Eyeâgoggles....... . .25 necessity for such expenditures. and bevond a_doubt we â s ; S use; upon payment of the dues prescribed by the regulations. f : A muoe i m U T : mongram in vhat benal â f eminiconicompnamii momeg ko x Every miner shall be entitled to so much of the water nat» f o terrin. .. b.5o Total.........$71.65 m?usand; willl make the trip to the K'londxkeï¬mthoul o"'.w:g, gâéâ*ââ"llaâ.â CANADIAN M'NING LAWS. nsl newing 'h.mugh or past his claim, and not already Ainideibriimmed Hat teo âeliising any mones excent os statedierein. Yot vunpastnapd es (AMitreved io Order in Couneil No. site. of 21 MB | Cotaiost ns o pevestety apr Ahe tie, wedhine tiareat , Piake LC necale to 1 1897, as amended.) and shall be e%l!;âlleg to drain his own claim free of charge. * . ¥ - ¢ A a clai ed to be abandé to th hapip / W . s oof 5t |_ The Klondike District is governed by regulations of | occupation and eatry âby any person when the same shall ~as eteacetor vp) Po :: MAP SHOWING the Canadian Government, being distinctly cast of the | have remained unworked on working days by the grantee L » aay P boundary line. . There is a Gold Commissioner, whose | thereot or hK some person on his behalf for the space of 54 % ® Pay âLazaryyâPankoy ALASKA POINTS SHOWN IN BLACK TYPE ARE office is at Dawson City, and it is there that all locati tyâtwo hours (three ive days}, unless_sickness 4 » ¥% are made and licenses secured. . A digest of the Canaâ| or other reasonable cause be shown to the satisfaction of dian mining laws is as follows: the Gold Commissioner, or unless the grantee is absént on leave given by the Commissioner, and the Gold Commisâ UniTED sTATEs Ppost orrices. v ROUTES TO ALAS KA Bar diggings shall mean any part of a river over which the | si obtaining evidence satisfact to himself thi a is SCALE OF STATUTE MILES> viA w:gcr .cxlengs whe; :hle water is in its flooded state, and 3.â£°;;Qâfs§?on is lnoâzhceinge nc:m;li:d âsim moay lc'::;ellï¬?: * f which is not covered at low water, entry given for a claim. ds & q 0 ze o s o 1po & . ST. PAUL OR OMAHA. Ts t gi 8 1 4 G : $ Copyright, 1898, by Poole Bros., Chicago. S % P ; 5 _ 5 I : 130° rea* X 108° _ 1e4° 162° 160 | 1s8° 158° 15 tsa° _ Longitude West â from Greenwich ( MAP OF ALASKA AND A PORTION OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY, SHOWING THE NEW GOLD FIELDS. - f c se â! (From the San Francisco Call.) | FROM SAN FRANCISCOâTABLE OF DISTANCEs. noummus mmmmencmmnme m â roaa: . 223% gl4 Stewart River. .. t C : 9 . a25}f | 20 _ SixtyâMile Po q 3 St. Michaels to Novikakat. 820 | _6 Head of Canoe Navigation ........ 1434 Tahkeenah River.. . 240 | 60 DAWSON a St. Michaels to Tanana.... 960 | 103{ Summit of Chilkoot Pass......... 116%4 | 16â Head of Lake Le Barge. . 256 40 _Fe miors. | Hussd MILES FROM MILES FROM o l d H O n e Sty m ay be o rd e re d Of an y w h o I e sal e c roc e r Via St. Michael . 2,850 | St. Michaels to Forty Mile. 1800 | micas. romt, junEaU. | mines. : romt. junBAQ. ald ¢ s |I St. Michaels to Fort ¥ukon 1350 n¥ Head of Lake Linderman 12614 | 3r â Foot of Lake Le Barge. : . aBa Mn l o U ' & l isssssummecut ; St. Michaels to Circle City ..... 8 â Foot of Lake Linderman. «13444 | 39 â Hootalingua River...... ... ¢ R f , A U f & ¥ 1 _ A 4,650 | Selkirk to Dyea ...... 400 234 Foot of Caribou Crossing. 3514 Little Salmon River . 100 | Dyea to Juneau.... 100 164 Foot of Lake Tagish 58%4 FiveâFinger Rapids . St. Michaels to Autilk, via River, U St. Michaels to Andreafski . 225 s Head of Lake Marsh .. 6. Rink Rapids.. | | 370 miresrront | 20 Foot of Lake Marsh, salé Pelly River, | 375 | anues. romt. jumEau. | 16¥ Head of Canyon. . 223 96 White River ; 450 Haines Mission (Chilkat).. 675 soBvea ouct altonay fo 3 Foot of Canyon, 1% Head of White Horse Rapids. % | St. Michaels to Holy Cross St. Michaels to Koserefski.. || _« St. Michaels to Anvik..... @ | St. Michaels to Nulato .. . i â P a } it 4,350 | St. Michaels to Sixty Mile. 1,900 1. Head of Lake Bennett.... 26 ) Casslar Bars A2.. 00++ or Tobacco Dealer in America. |_â tWe 4 ï¬ ' 7 4,600 | St. Michaels to Fort Selkirk, 2,025 | _ 26} Foot of Lake Bennett . 7 â Big Salmon River . To Klondike... F i { $ °s ân gHL NI wauvad aTYSHTOHA ANY LOd OHiNnoOdd 49 NYI ALSSNOH CTO A âs ân aHL Ni aauvad s n gHL Nrwanyaa a7Ys370HA _ ANY Eoum. aaznooxd 49. 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ââ_âââ «e ââ_â 30ISNL d : y a U %wï¬w__o ALSINOH G10» 0109 . | NO â*MJAIH NOXNA SHL âi jop oweu e pey sueipup oy1 pure âuoseos omm meme ~ ENeE neinbnigmnniiys EO Me e Lt OM OO LOLL O es l y "" PW T AS seerrmenmey tales that charmed mankind. _ Whether in detail these â accounts were strictly true or were not, it is certain that sudden wealth has rewarded the toils of most of those who were the holders of the first claims. The place is distant and hard to reach.s It is not known now what luck those have had who went to the field during the summer. of 1897. © But all those who have gone and have returned; âall in general who have written letâ 5 ters, do but confirm the now almost universal opinion of the unprecedented richness of a field the coldest, most inhosâ pitable, most remote, that was ever visited on the errands of sudden wealth. For the circuinstances are most peculiar, and the gold is found under circumstances never before known. The ground freezes to a depth of sixteen to eighteen feet; rather, it was so frozen at a time unknown, and has never thawed. A growth of arctic moss a foot or more thick covers this frozen world, so that over most of the country the actual surface is concealed, and the things the prospector wishes to find cannot be seen. Southwestern and Southern Alaska are forest country, but this northern region has not much timber, and what there is is small. "Pay dirt," here as elsewhere, is not dirt at all, but" gravel. Here it does not lie on the surface, and the first thing to do where it is suspected is to dig a well, usually square, through the overlying earth down to the gravel. Sometimes it lies almost under the moss; often it is down several feet. The richest finds on the Klondike were made at a depth of twelve to eightcen feet. The brief period of summer never thaws the ground more than a few inches, and the quickâcoming cold of another winter freezes only this thin layer, To a.._m is much like delving in black concrete, and to dig at allâ it is usual to build a fire and thaw the ground a little, and dig out that | and make another fire, and so on down. There is little « ¥ HOME, SWEET HOME "â IN A MINING CAMP. question that oil or naptha flares have been adapted to this use ere now, together with many other appliances for meeting the hitherto unknown difficulties of this new region. When the gravel, or pay dirt, is reached it is taken out and piled in heaps in the open air, no attempt being made to wash it except in summer when the universal ice has been melted into water to use in sluices and cradles. There is a new difference also in the kind of pay dirt found. It is never *dust," though it is called that. It is found in small piecesânuggets or irregularly shaped masses, that are from the size of a pinâhead to that of a bean. Often these are large enough to be picked up with the fingers. When a miner has " struck it rich" he knows it. Of all " free gold," this is the finest that ever was found, and the most attractive to the miner. The gravel is peculiar also in being of an almost inky blackness. _ As it lies there, on or near the " bedrock," it is unlike anything found on the surface. It does not belong there with its load of gold, and came from somewhere else, no man now knows where. But when that " mother lode"â is found, he who is so fortunate as to discover it will be possibly at the moment the richest man in the world. THE CGLIMATE OF ALASKA. There are two climates. The climateâof the coast and that of the interior are not alike, and the difference is surâ prising.â That of the coast is produced by the current of warm water that has a similar effect to that produced by the gulf stream of the Atlantic. On the Aleutian Islands, and in a strip of territory thirty to forty miles wide along the coast, the temperature rarely falls to zero. Winter does not begin until December:first, and at the end of May the BUILDING A BOAT. snow is gone. The mean winter temperature at Sitka is above that of Washington, D. C. Juneau has m.Hmo. a mild winter, as have other places not beyond the coast range of mountains. There is here a difference of o:; about twentyâfive degrees between winter and summer. The average temâ perature of July is 55 degrees. f It is the rainiest country in the world, and the rain falls in incessant drizzles. There is much cloud and fog. Everyâ thing is wet almost all the time. There are less than seventy clear days in an average year. When it happens not to rain it is remarkably clear, and one sees a beautiful country, with magnificent scenic effects Even at Point Barrow, the most northern point in the possessions of the United States, the average temperature is less than one degree colder than the average air current at the top of Pikeâs Peak. The interior, including the Klondike region and an immense country besides, is a striking contrast to all this. In midwinter the sun rises at about 10.00 a. m., and sets at 2.00 to 3.00 p.m., the total length of the day being four hours at most. The sun rises but a little distance above the horizon, and is even then often obscured by clouds. Judged by our ideas of climate and sunshine, the winter of Northern Alaska is a long twiâ light, bitter cold. > The country has not been long enough occupied by white men to afford as yet an accurate statement in degrees of mean or average temperatures, winter and summer. So far as now known the summer temperature is between 60° and 70° in the interior, and the average of winter is about 28° below zero.. During the winter of 1896â97 the average on the upper Yukon was that, with 54° as the lowest. A lady teacher resident there remarks that "during the shortest days we have but little more than two hours of daylight, and that up to the time of the Klondike discoveries of gold, the prinâ cipal amusement was sleighriding after a team of from four to twelve dogs. Then dogs became quickly worth a hundred dollars each, and all the men harnessed them to sleds and went away two hundred and forty miles through the cold and snow to the Klondike." The Director of the Meteorological Office at Toronto has published a digest of the records at Fort Constantine, a military post in the Northwest Territory, from November 1, 1895, to May 31, 1897. In 1895, the thermometer first touched zero on November roth, and the last zero recorded in the spring was on April 29th. Between December 19th and February 6th the mercury never rose above zero. The lowest reading was 65° below zero, and occurred on January 27th, and on Scm:av?moc_. days during the wihter the temperature was 50° below zero. On March 12th the thermometer first rose above freezing point, but there was no continuous mild weather until May 4th, after which date the temperature frequently rose above 60°. The Yukon River froze on October 28th, and did not thaw again until May i7th. In June the temperature reached 70° on twelve days, and on one day it touched 80°. Frost was recorded on the 7th, and the average temperature of the month was 53°, which is 3° lower than the normal June temperature on Lake Athabasca, and nearly the same as the May normal in Winnipeg. August was a fairly warm month, but the average for September was only 43°. Winter returned at the end of September, and on the 3oth of the month the thermometer went down to 6° below zero. The average temperature of October was 27°, and November was very cold, the average being 7° below zero, and the lowest reading 39° below. The Yukon froze on the sth. From that time onward the weather gradually became colder and colder, although that winter was exceptionally mild. The climatic conditions of the far north are given at some. length, because, given the gold and the exceptional richness of the field, the climate is the chiefest thing. We have nothing to measure it by in any of our ânatural e®periences. It can be endured. _ No clime has so far been found that could bar the energy of men of Saxon blood. The actual journey, growing easier as time passes, owing to the making of roads and the construction of steel wire tramways in the passes and the finding of new paths, is not such as, to deter determined men. â If you ask a man who knew the difficulties and perils of " fortyânineâ" on the road to California, you will find him smiling at all the perils and :mamï¬mm of Alaska save oneâthe eternal cold.. To be wellâequipped is the important thing. To be destitute and dependent means defeat, DAWSON CITY. suffering, and very likely death. Surveyors like Ogilvie, doing their work in winter and summer alike, and doing it well, seem to make no complaint in their reports of anything more than the shortness of the winter days. Many now wellâknown men, such as Ladue, McDonald, Eomcmm:m:. Harper, and Carmack himself, have lived in Northern Alaska many years © Women and children have lived there without harm and apparently without complaint. THE NECESSARY OUTFIT. Much has been written on this subject, and many remarkable statements have been given out as to what is absolutely necessary for the journey and the northern life. First, it should be remembered that most we have and use in common life comes under the head of actual luxuries. We must dismiss those views and understand that in this case all that can be permitted is mecess/fzes. The pack a man must carry on his backâand it will be understood that the carrying of this, however, is a necessity to be calculated uponâshould in no case weigh more than forty pounds. â It seems not a heavy burden at the start, but here again experience comes forward. It is a heavy load at nightfall for an ableâbodied man. The first consideration is something to eat. Not one man in a thousand knows how much flout, or meat, or coffee, he consumes in a day.. Hundreds of mistakes have been sepmee: es OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FRON ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U, s. / w 22e ooï¬ cegeee se Nce SnE en nevtrnans oonsntomnntaaiin atnce ie ol OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. mcz x OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. y OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. magde in this field already. Possibly a good .criterion is the United States Army ration. .:., has âbeen long tried, and | has ere now carried immense numbers of men across deserts and through fighting campaigns. f This ration for one man for one day is as follows : Old Honesty PlugâITwo and twoâthirds ounces Bacon or PorkâThreeâquarters of one pound. BeefâOne and a quarter pounds, whether fresh or salt. BreadâTwentyâtwo ounces of bread. or flour, or one pound of hard bread, or a pound and a quarter of corn meal. To every one hundred. rations of these substantials are issued the following quantities of beans or rice, coffee or tea, and sugar and soap and salt : BeansâEight quarts, or Rice, ten pounds, â Coffee (not roasted)âTen pounds, or Tea, one and one halfâpounds. a SugarâFifteen pounds. SoapâFour pounds. SaltâIwo quarts. â« CAMPâIN THE MINING DISTRICT. This ration has often been commented upon as enough for a small {amily in ordinary life. 1t is that of the bestâfed soldiers in the world. Any party of men taking these quantities as a basis may be assured that they have enough of wholesome food. One ration of bread or flour in garrison â consists of only eigA/er ounces .of flour or soft bread, or twelve ounces of hard bread. CENERAL EQUIPMENT. Here some of the exigencies of âthe northern jou arise, demanding articles as part of the outft that ordin would be excluded. Few persons go alone, and it is âa best to form a party. In that case one tent, one and one boat or raft, will serve for all. Also the tools that are used in common need not be m« men than for one. The articles necessary fo five who wish to be well equipped may be stateâ One canvas tent about 12x12 feet; one can of sheet iron, light enough to carry over the * veniently ; one fryingâpan, large ; two twoâqua QLD HONESTY CAN BEâPROCURED FROM ANY Wt DEAUER IN THE U. S. miitheertaew ww mscc one heavy tin plate for each man, with a knife, fork and spoon; two large kitchen knives; two hatchets for driving nails; one ax, heavy, an extra handle; one drawing knife; two hundred feet of good threeâquarterâinch rope; one handsaw; one whipâsaw for getting out lumber; six files, assorted ; fifteen to twentyâfive pounds nails, assorted sizes; ten pounds oakum for calking seams of boats; ten pounds pitch; two good water whetstones; fishing tackle, assorted, and a good, heavy, toâbore shotgun, and a fair amount of ammunition. CLOTHING. Habit of life, personal taste, and size of pocketâbook have all to do with this question of a personal outfit. But here again we encounter the question, not of luxury, but of absolute necessity. Heavy woolen underwear is the first necessary thing. It will be found now at the outfitting stores, made purposely. The feet require as much foreâ thought as any other part of the body, for a man on a tramp that »ws/ be finished, with sore, tired and pinched feet, is an object of commiseration. Something nearly approaching the now wellâknown necessities of the case would be : Two suits, at least, of heavy woolen underwear. Two heavy outside woolen shirts. Half dozen pairs heavy woolen socks. One " Mackinaw leather boots of best quality. Two pairs best high rubber â coat. One pair strong thickâsoled PLACER MINING: boots. One waterproof overcoat, The cowboys find the yellow "slipperââ more practical than rubber. Four pairs stout overalls, canvas preferred. Two pairs heavy blankets. Six pairs mittens, stout leather, wool lined. Several pairs of heavy tmousers, the stronger the better, woolen not always preferred, good cotton velveteen or the best corduâ roy being stronger. Anyone may add to this, or may go with less. Many have done the latter. To these articles may, on the other hand, be added such as lighter underwear, "sweaters," cotton socks, ete. But at least there must be added cotton handkerchiefs, needles and thread, extra buttons, and four or five yards of mosquito netting or some equivalent. Day and } night the summerâ time mosquito of the far north is a terror. Phere are various knickâ knacks in the way of spices, ginger, etc., that may be taken if they can be carried. But all be included . under the head of tobacco, and all mediâcines under that of a couple of ounces of quinine. / Besides the general camp supplies, tools, tent, étc., each man will need a good strong, longâbladed pocketâknife, a small compass, and a pair of snowâspectacles to save the PANNING FoR coLor. eyes. A good American watch, with a strong, light case, not gold, is also an essential. The cost of this personal outfit ought to be less than two hundred dollars at any of the outfitting cities on the Pacific Coast. The more cash a man has after this purchase, up to $500, the better his chances are for getting more. Many have got along with much less than the sum named. Hunâ dreds more have wished they had started with that much. SsCMETHING ABOUT MINING IN CENERAL. It may seem like going back to the alphabet to state certain facts in .connection with gold, yet it is certain that to the great majority these facts are unknown. It is understood without argument that while gold is a metal that has been found all over the world, it has always been found in limited quantities. It is in this limit that its value and consequent charm consist. So far as the mining of it goes, gold is always found in one or the other of two forms. The form that always first attracts the attention and desire of mankind, is placer gold. This is never naturally where it is found. It was in the rock first. It came from somewhere else, and was ground out of its matrix by natural processes and carried to the place where it is found by water. Therefore, placer gold is always looked for in or near streams or washes, or where these once were, though they may now be covered with earth, or rock, or even lava. Almost always the gold lies at the very bottom of the deposit. It is very heavy, and as it was washed along with the earth or sand it gradually sank, and so is found in greatest quantity on the bottom rockâthe â"bedrock" of the minerâs vocabulary. It gathers more thickly in one place than in another beâ cause of impediments in the way of its progress, such as ridges and hollows in the surface of the bedrock. When luxuries âhad better. this gathering is in unusual quantity, the diggings are said to be rich. It follows from this that placer gold is always surface gold. The rock that held it lay where it could be reached by the grinding edges of a glacier, or by the trickâ ling water that in the course of ages ate away the rock that held it and released it. Theâgreat source of supply is the rock. To find this goldâbearing rock, and follow it whitherâ soever it may lead toward the interior of the world, and to break it up and remove it with all it contains to the surface, and then get the gold out of it somehowâthis is "quartz mining." It takes money, often immense sums. And after all it often "peters out," and the mining in that particular place ceases.: More rarely the vein grows better as it deepens, and when it does it may be depended on tHat men will follow it until it grows so hot for them that they > can work no more. This quartz mining is destined to beâ come in the Klondike and Alaska, as it has elsewhere, the final great mining feature of the country. The reason placer mines so attract the human species is that when a poor man finds one he can often work it himâ self, Where there is also plenty of water he almost always "HuskiE" pog TRain. 3 can. Recent tales of the Klondike show how this is The old California stories, which were true, show âthe same thing. The placer miner pick, a lorigâhandled shovel, a pan, and later a "rockerâ" or the elongated rocker called a sluice. The sluice imitates the way of nature when she placed the gold in the placers. The long box has strips of wood placed crosswise in the bottom of the box, and as the current washes the gold and other material along the bottom the grains of gold, being the heaviest, sink and lodge against these " riffles." No one should make a mistake about the amount of gold that is likely to be found in even a really fine strike. In the flush times of placer mining in California the average value of the gold found in every ton of dirt handled did not exceed fortyâfive cents. In Australia it was never more than twice as much in gold diggings. After extensive work, the "clean up"" is a very small pile indeed. Care, patience and a magnifying glass are necessary to the finding of any thing at all. The appearance of "color" enough to make a pinhead in a single pan has often been the reward of a prospectorâs lifetime. » a * s touls are m.::Eo and cheap: a â pectorâs occupation Thousands have it in their minds to try gold mining. and it is well enough that a little information should behad before doing so, though it be of the ind that an: accusâ tomed miner or prospector would laugh at as being exceed ingly elementary and childish, Perhaps the questions arise, " How is prospecting: actuâ ally done? How does the tenderfoot go about the prelimiiâ naries of gold finding? " To prospect for placer gold the prospector has a pam made of Russia iron. It has sloping sides, and is about fourteen inches across. _ He shovels away the upper layer of gravel, and the nearer he gets to bedrock the better. He fills his pan about twoâthirds full from this lower stratum, and holds it im a running stream or in a hole filled with water. . Whem his find is not near water, he must do the best he can in the way of getting the dirt to the water or the water to the dit. He usually picks out the larger stones by hand, and gives the remaimder of the contents a peculiar motion in the panâa comibination of ai shake and a twist. He wants to keep the contents suspended in the water so that the lighter portions will wash out of the vessel while the heavier will sink to the bottom. This remainder will consist of black sand, iron ore, heavy stuff of any kind, and among this debris, by very close inspection, he may find some tiny speck with the dull yellow gleam of gold. This is a "color." If there are several of them he counts them, and if he has four or five colors he has "struck it rich," and then follows all the joy he has tramped and toiled for. There are cases at the Klondike where the colors were far more numerous than this, and where all a man had to do to get rich was to keep on filling his pan and " panning it There are also cases where great nuggets were found, @nd specimens of these everybody has seen. . These cases give the general idea of the riches of the gold find. In the world of mining at large they are very rare.. * % * The prospector "locates"" his claim under .the. mining laws, and then he has a "claim." Often he has agreed to share his find with others before starting out, that is he has a "grub stake." The prosâ out. is one of those that are never abanâ doned until a "strike " is made or death intervenes. Hard as it seems, it is one of the most fascinating of human pursuits, illumined always by eternal hope. If sucâ cess comes at last it crowns a life of loneliness and toil with aâreward that is one of the most gratifying a man can know. WORKING THE SLUICE. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. s. HOW TO GET THERE. Reference to the map on the inside < will show various routes to Portland, Tacome the great o:ï¬mn:.sw points for Alaska. In the early spring and throughout the s« 1898, the means of transportation from the Puge cities to the various points of disembarkation in will be practically unlimited, although the spring e of goldâhunters to the northward will undoubtedly the seaâgoing ships to their utmost capacity, and n hurrying persons will be:âcompelled to wait in the NÂ« â Pacific Coast cities for days at a time, in order to sec passage on vessels of either regular or "trampâ" lit Later in the season better accommodations may L secured, and quicker time made to the farâaway destina tion lying just outside of the Arctic Circle. For passengers desiring to go to the Klondike country from Portland, Tacoma or Seattle, and desiring the latest and most complete and reliable information as to dates of sailing of vessels, we suggest that application be made to the nearest ticket agent for the folders and bulletins issued by the Northern Pacific R. R. and Great Northern Ry., che great transcontinental lines extending west from St. Paul to Puget Sound. j Other routes are via Ogden and San Francisco over , the Southern Pacific R.R. to San Francisco, thence via ocean to Alaska;. via Ogden and Portland over the Oregon Short Line and the O. R.& N. Co., and thence by steamer to Alaska; via Victoria âover the Canadian Pacific Ry., or via the same road to Ashcroft, B.C., and overland by stage, wagon and horse trail northward to Alaska. _ All these, railway companies will undoubtedly furnish the latest and most reliable information .obtainable. âduring the season of 1898, and their printed matter should be sought after. So far as the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry. is concerned, it is a connecting link with all these various routes, either via Chicago, Omaha and Ogden for San Francisco and Portland, or via Chicago. Milwaukee and St. Paul for Ashcroft, Victoria, Portland, Tacoma and Seattle. It is anticipated that the great majority of gold seekers will choose to go via Chicago and St. Paul toâ either Tacoma or Seattle, and take steamers from those points on Puget Sound. Whichever route the passenger may select, he should always ask the ticket agent for a ticket reading over the. Chicago, Milwaukee &» St. Paul Ry., and see that he gets it. All agents are supplied with maps and time tables of the Chicago, Mitwaukee &+ St. Paul Ry., and they can be had for the asking. Further information will be cheerfully furnished upon application to any passenger representative of this great railway, or by addressing Old Colony Building, Chicago, UI. General Passenger Agent. OLD HONESTY CAN BE PROCURED FROM ANY WHOLESALE DEALER IN THE U. S.
Correspondence
Alaska
Yukon
English
John Finzer & Bros.
Gold mines and mining--Alaska
Alaska--Description and travel
Vancouver: University of British Columbia Library
Chicago : Poole Bros.
Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from Rare Books and Special Collections: http://rbsc.library.ubc.ca
Original Format: University of British Columbia. Library. Rare Books and Special Collections. Phil Lind Klondike Gold Rush collection. RBSC-ARC-1820-17-11
Klondike gold
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