"047cf721-06fe-43f4-a1a9-20c3b3d2dfa3"@en . "CONTENTdm"@en . "REPORT ON THE PUBLIC HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE"@en . "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198"@en . "Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en . "British Columbia. Legislative Assembly"@en . "2014-12-10"@en . "[1902]"@en . "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0064163/source.json"@en . "application/pdf"@en . " ANNUAL REPORT\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094ON THE\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nHOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE\nNEW WESTMINSTER,\nFOR THE YEAR 1901.\nTHE GOVERNMENTOF\nTHE, PROVINCE OF BRITISH DlttUM***\nVICTORIA, B. C.:\nPrinted by Richard Wolfenden, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty,\n1902. w\nA\n<\nin\nhC UJ\no H\noZ OJ\n1 O)\n& g\nLl.\nW z\nw\nw\nW\n0 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 461\nREPORT\nON THE\nPUBLIC HOSPITAL FOE THE INSANE.\n1901.\nTo His Honour\nThe Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia.\nMay it please Your Honour :\nThe undersigned respectfully submits herewith the Annual Report of the Medical\nSuperintendent of the Public Hospital for the Insane for the year 1901.\nJ. D. PRENTICE,\nActing Provincial Secretary.\nProvincial Secretary's Office,\nFebruary 2nd, 1902. 462 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\nOFFICERS.\nMedical Superintendent:\nG. H. MANCHESTER, M.D.,\nBursar:\nM. J. KNIGHT, ESQ.\nSteward and Store-keeper:\nR. REES, ESQ.\nEngineer:\nHEWISON STOUT, ESQ.\nMatron :\nMARIA FILLMORE.\nChief Male Attendant: Chief Female Attendant:\nTHOMAS MAYES. MARIA FILLMORE.\nCarpenter:\nJOHN HUGHES.\nPlasterer and Mason: Farmer:\nEDWARD FITZGERALD. E. B. STINCHCOMBE.\nGardener:\nW. T. L. HOUSE. 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 463\nREPORT\nMEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE PUBLIC HOSPITAL FOR THE\nINSANE, NEW WESTMINSTER, B, C.\nFor the Year Ending 31st December, 1901.\nTo the Honourable\nThe Provincial Secretary, Victoria, B. G.:\nSir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094I have the honour to submit for your consideration the Annual Report for the\nthirtieth year of the Public Hospital for the Insane at New Westminster. In doing so, I beg\npermission to introduce by way of preface a brief review of the history of the Institution since\nits inception thirty years ago, as I think this the most opportune time for doing so, inasmuch\nas it has entered upon a new century under new management, and moreover has emerged\nfrom comparative insignificance and obscurity and become the largest eleemosynary institution\nunder the care and support of the Province of British Columbia.\nAnother consideration that prompts me to take this course is that you may have at your\ndisposal, and at the disposal of the Government, a complete and convenient account of what\nhas been done by the various Governments of this Province for the insane under their care, as\nwell as to show how the Institution comes to be as it is to-day. For while this history will\nshow that a great deal indeed has been done during those thirty years to care for and cure\nthat class of unfortunate persons who suffer from the worst of illnesses, and much money spent\nin buildings as well as in maintenance, yet a lot remains to be done to bring the Institution\nup to the standard in point of equipment, and, therefore, I hope that it will cause no shock\nwhen later in this report I point out the necessity for considerable alteration in the near future\nin the accessory portions of the Hospital.\nBefore going further, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to Drs. J. S. Helmcken and\nI. W. Powell, of Victoria, for their kind assistance in collecting the data which relates to the\nearlier part of the history. Dr. Helmcken was the first physician in British Columbia to come\nin contact officially with the insane, through his position as Gaol Surgeon in Victoria, which\npost he has most creditably filled for the very extended period of fifty years.\nDr. Powell was the first Medical Superintendent appointed, but was, like several of his\nsuccessors, non-resident.\nHistory.\nThe earliest record which I have obtained of an insane person in British Columbia dates\nback to the year 1850, when a young Scotch immigrant became deranged soon after his arrival,\nand proved himself to be a genuine maniac by making a most violent and unprovoked attack 464 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\nupon Dr. Helmcken during a visit. He was sent home in a sailing vessel, and it was afterwards ascertained that he quite recovered his mental balance. Cases were not so rare when\nthe rush to the gold fields of the Cariboo was on, and during the years 1858 and 1859 many\nnew-comers broke down under the strain and hardships endured, and had to be taken care of\nby the authorities. At this time there was no asylum nearer than the State of California,\nand the only place suitable in this Province for safe-keeping those cases which were at all\nviolent or turbulent was the \" lock-up \" at Victoria.\nThere were then no towns upon the Mainland, so that Victoria, which was a Hudson's Bay\nCo's. post, was the outfitting depdt and last point of departure for the gold fields, and all\npersons entering into and passing out of the country by the regular route passed through\nVictoria, to which port they usually came from San Francisco. It was in this way that the\nauthorities began to send the insane who came under their notice in those days back to\nCalifornia, where they were committed to one or other of the asylums belonging to that State.\nThis went on very well for a time until the Americans, although very obliging, gave our\nauthorities to understand that the practice could not continue, but that if the British Columbia\nGovernment were willing to pay for their patients some arrangement might be made. However,\nthis suggestion was not acted upon, but the insane were kept in the Gaol at Victoria until it\nbecame too full to hold any more, and then, as more violent and urgent cases presented themselves, the milder and more manageable ones were sent to the Royal Hospital.\nThe gaol of those early days was not large, and contained only 10 or 12 cells. It was built\nof hewn logs at first, but some years later a brick administrative building, two stories in height,\nwas placed to the front of it, and it then presented the appearance shown in the first illustration\nhere. The site was the same as that now occupied by the Law Courts on Bastion Street. So\nlong as the patients proved to be of the male sex the gaol seemed to serve the purpose of an\nasylum fairly well, but when female patients began to appear it was seen that something\nfurther would have to be done for the insane and a proper place provided.\nThe Royal Hospital, above referred to, was a hospital for men only, and was situated\nupon an Indian Reserve opposite the City, upon the other side of the harbour. It was\noriginally built for a pest-house, and this accounts for its location outside the City. As it\noffered no accommodation for women the ladies of Victoria opened a woman's hospital on\nPandora Street, but this soon fell into financial difficulties, and it was then suggested that it\nshould amalgamate with the Royal Hospital if the latter would keep a ward open for women.\nIt was so arranged, and the building of the Royal Hospital vacated. Following this event,\ntwo female patients came under Dr. Powell's notice, and he suggested to the Government that\nthey remodel the old Royal Hospital and make it into an asylum. This was done in the year\n1872, and on October 12th was opened as the first Provincial Asylum, which function it was\ndestined to fulfil for the short space of five and a half years. The Provincial Secretary took\ncharge of the new Institution, and its management has been under his department ever since.\nIn describing the building, I may say that it was a very simple structure of most modest\nappearance, as shown in the accompanying illustration. It was about fifty feet by forty, and\nhad an upper storey, the whole being of wood and whitewashed. A door from the upper storey\nled out upon a balcony which possessed a fine view of the harbour, and altogether the situation\nwas a pleasant one. Inside, the building was somewhat re-arranged from the plan existing\nwhen used as a hospital, and every available space was made up into cells or very small single\nrooms.\nOn the opening day seven patients were admitted, and amongst them were the two\nwomen referred to, who, by the way, were sisters, and still\" another sister was admitted two\ndays after. Dr. I. W. Powell was appointed Medical Superintendent, Mr. E. A. Sharpe as 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 465\n\" Superintendent of the Asylum\" and Mrs. Flora Ross as Matron. There were three\n\" keepers \" or male attendants, a cook and an Indian wash-woman. There were almost as\nmany employees as patients, which demonstrates the fact that the per capita cost of maintenance, especially in regard to salaries, has an inverse relation in proportion to the number\nunder treatment, and therefore small asylums are, pro rata, much more expensive to maintain\nthan large ones.\nCrude as things must have been in this embryo asylum, there were malingering applicants\nfor admission. Dr. Helmcken tells of one who pretended to be not only insane but paralyzed,\nbut as his deception was suspected by a physician, the latter took a pail of water up to the\nbalcony while the man was in the front of the building and suddenly dashed the contents\nupon the would-be lunatic, who suddenly made a complete recovery, and displayed good action\nin his legs while hurrying away.\nThere is little doubt but that the structure was, internally, ill adapted for its work, as my\nrecords go to show that a carpenter was kept fairly busy repairing the damage done by disturbed patients. To keep order, at times it was found needful to resort to restraint, and this\nfeature of the work developed and stayed with it for a considerable period of time.\nThere had been no Act upon the pages of the Provincial Statutes dealing with asylums\nup to this time, but at the next sitting of the Assembly an Act was passed which continued\nin force for twenty years. It was called the \"Insane Asylums Act, 1873.\" It placed the\nmanagement, as already intimated, in the hands of a \" Medical Superintendent\" and a\n\" Superintendent of the Asylum,\" the former being non-resident and the latter a resident\nlayman, whose duty it was to look after the internal economy and discipline. This .Act was a\nvery short one, and provided that a lunatic should be committed to the asylum upon the certificates of two medical practitioners, who were to examine the patient in the presence of one\nanother, which you will note is the direct opposite to that now in force here and everywhere\nelse. It made no provision for a statistical form or form of history, and so it occurs that we\npossess very little information about the patients treated in those early days, and what there\nis on record appears to have been obtained by the Superintendent from the patients themselves.\nAt the close of the year 1873 Dr. Powell resigned, and was succeeded by Dr. J. B.\nMatthews, who began duty on January 1st, 1874. Small improvements were continually\nbeing made about the buildings, and fences were erected to form enclosed airing courts. At\nthe end of the year 1872 there were 16 patients; at the end of 1873 there were 14, and at the\nend of 1874, 19 ; so it will be seen that the increase in population at first was not very rapid.\nAt the end of 1875, however, there were 32 patients, and as soon as spring opened in 1876 a\nsmall addition which, in the photograph, looks more like a shed, was built. On July 1st of\nthat year, 1876, Mr. J. J. Downey replaced Mr. Sharpe as \" Superintendent of the Asylum,\"\nand on December 1st of the following year, Dr. Matthews having resigned, Dr. MacNaughton\nJones took charge and went to live in the Institution as the first resident Medical Superintendent. At the close of this year there were 37 patients in residence, and the building could\naccommodate no more, nor was it desirable nor suitable to extend the Institution upon that\nsite which, in the first place, did not belong to the Provincial Government and, in the next\nplace, possessed no feature that would be useful to a large Institution such as it was evident\nthat the Asylum was certain to become. The site was about as unsuitable as it could be from\nan economical point of view, and a radical change had to be made in some direction and at once.\nIt was finally decided to remove the Institution to New Westminster and locate it upon a\nGovernment reserve, in juxtaposition to that City. This reserve is beautifully situated on the\nnorth bank of the world-famed Fraser River, between the main part of the City of New\nWestminster and that portion called Sapperton, which was once the site of the Royal 466 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\nEngineers' camp when they were on service in this country. The Dominion Government\nreserve, upon which is located the Penitentiary, lies next and parallel to this reserve. The\nbank of the Fraser, which forms the front of the reserve, rises to a considerable height, so that\nthe intervention of the C. P. R. track with Columbia and Front Streets, between the river\nand the Institution, does not in the least break in upon the panorama of scenic grandeur as\nviewed from any portion of the buildings. Mount Baker, with its perennially snow-clad peak,\nis plainly seen in the eastern horizon directly opposite, while to the north are the seried ranks\nof the Coast Range of the Rockies.\nThe reserve was then about 100 acres in extent and covered with its primeval suit of\nevergreens, with dense undergrowth. The soil upon the river end, which was the part built\nupon, was fairly good, being a sandy loam, but farther back it becomes more sandy and\ngravelly, with many large boulders cropping up here and there, while still to the rear of that\nwe have brick-clay and then swamp. Looking toward the establishment of an Institution farm,\nit presented no rich promise.\nHowever, for convenience to the base of supplies, as well as to the centres where the most\npatients were likely to be found, the site could not have been better chosen, while at the same\ntime it is said that one strong reason for placing the Institution here was to recompense New\nWestminster to some extent for its abandonment as the seat of local Government.\nThe first building was erected during the fiscal year 1877-8, at a cost of about $24,000,\nand was so placed as to ensure sufficient fall in the water-pipe which was to conduct the water\nsupply from a creek which runs through the adjoining Penitentiary property. This proved to\nbe the water supply for about fourteen years, and may, therefore, be accepted as sufficient\nexcuse for the error of placing the buildings too near the brow of the hill. This primary\nstructure was built of brick and made two stories high, 125 feet long by 25 feet wide, with\nthe main entrance in the centre, which part projected to the front about 20 feet. It faces east\nand slightly south.\nThe internal arrangement was characteristic of that time and has been altogether altered,\nso that no one would, from its present appearance, suspect its earlier style. A narrow hall ran\nfrom the front door through to the rear, dividing the interior into two sections, with a ward\nin each. The same plan prevailed up-stairs, making four wards in all. The rooms for patients\nwere all single, and of these each ward had seven, with a day-room and lavatory, but no water-\nclosets. These latter were situated outside, and necessitated the patients being taken out to\nthem by the attendants upon occasion, which was certainly not in accord with modern ideas.\nA peculiarity of the wards was the unusual height of the window-sills from the floor, it being\nso that no one eould see out of the windows unless he stood upon some object as high as a\ntable, which, as one of the annual reports says, was a very common way for patients to spend\nhours. This defect, coupled with that of having heavy iron bars for window-guards, like a\nprison, made the wards very gloomy, and as they possessed no decorations, no carpets nor\ncurtains, and very little furniture, which was home-made at the best, one can only wonder\nhow the patients put in the time, and marvel that suicides did not occur very frequently.\nEven the bedsteads were home-made and furnished with straw ticks and straw pillows. The\nwards were heated by means of open fireplaces and stoves, and for light coal oil lamps were\nused.\nThere was one dining-room for all, and the patients from the different wards dined\nserially, the women first and the men afterwards. The Superintendent and the Matron had\ntheir suites in the central part, and what with accommodation for the employees and storerooms, not much space could have been devoted to the wards. In fact, this one small building 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 467\nhad to accommodate the entire staff and the 38 patients whom they brought over with them\nfrom Victoria.\nThe kitchen and laundry were contained in one small wooden shed at the rear, connected\nto the main building by a narrow wooden passage. Such was the first Asylum, in structure\nand fittings, that was built for the purpose of an Asylum in this Province.\nThe transfer of the patients took place during the month of May, 1878, and two or three\nseparate trips were made, but by the 17 th all were removed, together with household goods to\nthe value of about $800.\nThe 38 patients, as will be readily seen, more than filled the 28 rooms, and from the very\nstart there was a degree of overcrowding that was not freely relieved for seven years, by the\nend of which time the day-rooms, corridors and lavatories were all being used as sleeping-\nrooms.\nAs soon as the patients had been made as comfortable as possible in their new quarters,\nDr. Jones resigned, leaving the service at the end of July to return to Victoria and take up\ngeneral practice. Thereupon the old system of management was reverted to, and Mr. James\nPhillips was promoted to the office of \"Superintendent of the Asylum,\" while Dr. T. R.\nMclnnes, our recent Lieutenant-Governor, was appointed Medical Superintendent, to be nonresident.\nComing now to the year 1883, we find that the annual report for the previous year was\nprinted and distributed for the first time. It showed that the number of inmates had\nincreased up to 49, and that the overcrowding was becoming irksome, combined as it was with\nso many defects in the structure and in the various services, such as the water, heating and\nlighting. It mentioned that very little outside work could be done on account of the proximity of the bush and the danger of escape, and altogether one gathers that the treatment was\nsimply that of custodial care.\nOn January 22nd Dr. Mclnnes resigned, and was followed in the work by Dr. J. A.\nSivewright, who was himself succeeded on May Slst by Dr. R. I. Bentley.\nDuring 1884 plans were prepared for throwing out a wing to the north. This addition\nwas made 99 feet long by 33 feet wide, being shorter, but wider, than the original building,\nwith which it forms a right angle. The interior was differently planned, the intention being\nto provide dormitories instead of single rooms, and the corridors were made wide. The cost\nof this building was $26,000, and $4,700 more was spent on Lands and Works in the way of\nboundary fences and a residence for the Superintendent. At the same time, improvements\nwere made in the old buildings to the extent of lowering the window-sills and building a\nbalcony for each ward, so that access could be had to it by a door from the day-room. This\nwas a specially welcome feature in this place, where the winter season is so unsuitable for\npatients to go out of doors in search of recreation, on account of the incessant rains and the\nwater-soaked earth. The building of 1884 retains one feature, as will be seen from the photograph of it, which is not in vogue in modern asylums, and that is the heavily barred windows,\nbut when one is dealing with insane criminals this, after all, is the safest window guard. It\nalso possessed a front entrance of its own and was used as an administration building for a\ntime.\nSome attempt was now made for the first time at decoration, and pictures were framed\nand placed on the wards, and by using one of the larger rooms it was possible to have divine\nservice once a week, a matter that had been neglected hitherto. The capacity of the Institution\nwas raised to about 70 beds, with about 60 patients in residence.\nAt this time Dr. Bentley introduced an important innovation in the treatment of the\npatients, in allowing them to go out to work in the grounds, clearing and cultivating the land 468 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane 1902\nenclosed within the new boundary fences. This afforded the unfortunate inmates a chance to\nbe out in the open air and sunshine, as well as a pleasant diversion, and from the report of\nthat year they seem to have thoroughly benefited by it in every way. Greater efforts were\nput forth also in the wards to amuse the patients by games and dancing, but as yet there was\nno amusement hall, that indispensable adjunct to every asylum.\nOn January 1st, 1885, Dr. Bentley, who had hitherto been visiting physician, became\nresident with increase of salary, and was placed in full charge of the Institution, while the\nhitherto \" Superintendent of the Asylum \" was made steward. It was arranged that the\nMedical Superintendent should occupy the new residence built for him and devote all his time\nto his work, although he was permitted to still attend to the Royal Columbian Hospital for a\nwhile longer, a duty which he had previously been performing.\nDuring the next three or four years the Superintendent lost no opportunity of pointing-\nout to the Government that the services of water, heat and light were thoroughly bad and\nneeded alteration. The water-pipe coming for such a long distance through hillocks and\nravines over the Penitentiary grounds was choked with sand, and was continually breaking in\nweakened spots, while every repair was becoming more difficult, owing to the fact that the\nPenitentiary authorities had enclosed their property with a high boundary fence. However,\nas it was apparent that the future water supply of this Institution was going to be a serious\nmatter, and no solution was visible other than to wait until the City installed its water-works,\nit was left in abeyance and so remained for some years.\nBy the end of the year 1887 the Superintendent was urgently calling for more accommodation to be provided for patients, as the wards were again becoming very crowded. Nothing\nwas done, however, until 1889, when it was decided to add an administration building and\nanother wing, both extending, in the order mentioned, to the south. At the same time radical\nchanges were planned for the old structure to make it conform to new ideas, and so it was\nwidened by adding 12 feet to the front of it, making it 125 feet by 37 feet. Of course, to\nenable this work to be .carried out, the building had to be abandoned by the patients, and 20\nmen were chosen and sent to the gaol, for the time being, while the rest moved into the 1884\nbuilding.\nThe new administration building now forms the centre of the main block, and is 65 feet\nby 43 feet, built of brick, and three stories in height. It was at first arranged to contain the\nofficers' quarters and administrative offices as well as the steward's stores, a dispensary and a\nreception room for visitors, while the entire top floor was one large hall to be devoted to\namusement purposes. As for the new wing, it was slightly larger than either of the others,\nbeing 127 feet by 38 feet, and arranged in the most accepted style of the time, with a wide\ncentral corridor and all the bedrooms leading off it, the day-room and lavatories being in the\ncentre. It would accommodate 55 patients in all, while the alterations in the old building\nmade it of like capacity. The only possible objection to the changes in the old building was\nthe doing away with the balconies. This was a distinct loss which it is hoped will yet be\nremedied, but the substitution of the new window screens for the iron bars partly made up for\nit. A brick kitchen was also built in the rear and that service improved. Connections were\nmade with the New Westminster Gas Company's pipes, and gas was installed for lighting the\nwards, but the attendants' rooms were not so provided, which still necessitated the use of coal\noil lamps. Two hot water furnaces were placed in the basements, and the wards were heated\nby this means, which was a great improvement in that system. We now hear for the first\ntime the mention of a work-shop, and this was when the old kitchen was allowed to the carpenter for his use. When all these operations were completed the Government had spent\n$55,000, and the Institution had a capacity of 165 patients. 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 469\nThe 20 patients in the gaol, whose number had been augmented to 27 during the twelve\nmonths while the building operations were in swing, were brought back in August of 1890,\nand the population was found to be 117.\nThe acquisition of an amusement hall led to greater development along the line of amusement than anything that had been previously attempted, and during the following winter the\nfemale patients danced three times a week to music sung by one of their number, there being\nas yet no piano.\nThe men had a violin and concertina which could be heard all day long, but it was not at\nthat time customary for them to dance with the women. The chief event that transpired\nduring the year 1891 was the purchase of a piano for the amusement hall.\nAt this time the water supply, which had not been remedied with the other defective\nsystems, was in a state of collapse. The water used was what was dipped up with buckets\nfrom a ditch at the back of the Asylum yard.\nHowever, during the year 1892 connection was made with the service pipes which had\nrecently been installed in the City, and for the first time since its transfer to New Westminster\nwas the Asylum furnished with an unlimited supply of pure, fresh water, such as has made\nNew Westminster famous amongst the Coast Cities.\nIt brought with it also an increased degree of fire protection, as hydrants were placed in\nall the wards as well as in the front grounds, all of which possess streams of high pressure.\nThe greatest need now felt in the Institution was that of a better laundry, and this was\nsupplied in the year 1894, when the present brick laundry building was erected. It was\nfurnished with a cement floor and a veiy faulty dry-room, but the other internal fittings were\nleft in a rather primitive state. No machinery of any kind has, up to the present, been\ninstalled in it, and the washing is being done in tubs by the Chinese patients. Until recent\nyears part of the laundry was used for a shoe-maker shop and another part for the plumber.\nDuring the years that Dr. Bentley was in charge the work of clearing the land surrounding the Institution went on rapidly, and the grounds were very greatly improved as well as\nthe lot of the patients.\nTowards the close of 1894 a Royal Commission, comprised of Dr. C. F. Newcombe, of\nVictoria, and Dr. Edward Hasell, of the same place, was appointed, for the purpose of investigating the affairs of the Institution. As the result, Dr. Bentley resigned his position and\nretired from office at the end of the year. Dr. Newcombe was placed in charge temporarily\nfor a month, and was relieved on February 1st, 1895, by Dr. G. F. Bodington.\nAs it was deemed advisable that the Superintendent should live in the Institution, it was\narranged that quarters for his accommodation should be provided by the erection of an addition\nto the front of the main centre building. This work, together with the erection of a gatekeeper's lodge, was completed within the year, at a cost of $6,555, and the former Superintendent's residence was converted into a detached cottage for female patients. This cottage\nwas lighted by electricity from the City plant, and the same system was installed in the new\nresidence, so that this was the beginning of the period of electric lighting, which later on\nextended to the entire Institution.\nThe arrangement of the front grounds was greatly altered and improved, by doing away\nwith the old entrance and providing a more direct road from the corner of the property nearest\nto the City. This new avenue of entrance is quite level, and has been made very attractive\nin appearance. A lodge was built at the entrance for the accommodation of those attending\nthe gate. During these two years the number of patients yvas gradually increasing, until at\nthe close of 1896 we find the wards full to overflowing, there being 171 in residence, with 470 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\naccommodation for 165. Plans for extensive additions were now prepared, and work begun\nin the summer of 1897 upon the first of two new detached buildings, which were to be located\nto the south of the then existing Institution.\nEach of these structures was built to accommodate about 55 patients, and an effort was\nmade to have the appointments along modern lines. They stand detached, their only connection with one another and with the centre block being by means of a wooden corridor in\nthe rear.\nInternally they present some marked contrasts, when compared with the old wards.\nThere is, first of all, a proper day-room, large, bright and commodious, with a beautiful view\nfrom the windows. There is no dark wainscotting, which lends so much sombreness to the\nother wards, while the lavatories and bath-rooms are tiled and more commodious. There is\nample light in every part of these buildings, and had the work of construction been well done,\nthere is no doubt but that they would have satisfactorily met the expectation of the management. The 1897 building possesses an isolation apartment for noisy patients, while that\nattached to the 1898 building is in the shape of a pavilion.\nAs soon as the first building was completed in 1898, it was occupied by male patients.\nThe other cottage was finished the next year, 1899, and was furnished suitably for occupation\nby the female patients. It was not occupied, however, until the 20th of February, 1900. This\nafforded great relief to the female department, as it provided two wards for the accommodation\nof those female patients who had, up to this time, been accommodated in one small ward. It\nfurther enabled the management to place by themselves those patients who presented some\nhope of recovery. At the time that these additions were undertaken, provision was made for\none general system of heating, which it was decided should be by steam.\nWith this object in view, a central boiler-house was located to the rear of the main building, and to secure sufficient fall in the return pipes the boiler-room was placed fifteen feet\nbelow the surface of the ground. Three new large safety boilers were installed, while all the\ncoils and radiators in the old building were re-arranged to correspond with the system placed\nin the new buildings.\nTwo stories were built above the boiler-room, the first one being on the ground level and\naffording accommodation for the steward's several store-rooms. To the rear of this and\nattached was built a two-storied structure, 64 feet by 40 feet, the ground floor being taken up\nwith a kitchen, scullery and pantries, while the up-stairs was arranged for a combined\nassociate dining-room and amusement hall, with the corridors which connect the buildings in\nthe rear running into it.\nDuring 1899 the old amusement hall, yvhich had been abandoned for the new, was\nremodelled and made into an infirmary ward, with a large and well-lighted operating room in\nconjunction. The ward, which will accommodate six patients, has not yet been opened, but is\nin readiness. At the same time a new brick mortuary was erected at a convenient place in\nthe rear grounds. It is provided with a well-lighted room for post-mortem examinations, and\nthe floors all through are of cement. The last alteration was the enlargement of the Superintendent's office by the addition of a bay window. Altogether, the years 1898 and 1899\nwitnessed the greatest expenditure that has ever taken place in connection with this Institution. It totalled $105,000.\nWhen this work was completed it wTas suggested that the waste steam from the laundry\nbe used to provide power to light the Institution by electricity, but when the plant was\ninstalled it was found that a much higher pressure of steam would be required to run it than\nthat usually carried in our boilers, so that the plant really became a separate and distinct one\nby itself, and has proved very efficient up to a certain point, but is very much too small to be\nentirely satisfactory. .. **W*SgBS^p3e\n<\n00\n0\nw\nh\nII,\nO\nW\nH\nco\nh\n55\nW\nw\nW in\ndo s. $ 15 20\nBeets 1,380 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 9 66\nCabbage 13,972 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 244 49\nCarrots 18,362 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 82 63\nCauliflower 205 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 4 10\nCordwood 37 cords 120 00\nCorn (ears) 430 dozen 64 50\nDucks 15 9 00\nEggs, 25 dozen 6 25\nFowl 12 4 80\nHay 1| tons 15 00\nParsnips 24,158 lbs. 169 11\nPork consumed 5,144 n 462 96\nii sold 7,006 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 447 27\nPotatoes 48,842 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 451 79\nTurnips 24,158 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 144 95\n$2,251 71 2 Ed 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 479\nProducts of Garden.\nBeans (string) 357 lbs.\nCabbage 2,999 .,\nCarrots 1,288 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\nCauliflower. 263 n\nCelery 228 i.\nLeeks ... 473 ..\nLettuce 244 dozen\nOnions 120 lbs.\nPeas 100 ii\nPotatoes 1,182 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\nRadishes 239 n\nRhubarb 292 n\nSquash 100 n\nTomatoes 352 n\nTurnips 28 n\nApples 5,181 ii\nBlackberries 50 n\nCherries 33 n\nCurrants, black 221 n\nii red and white 153 n\nGooseberries 401 n\nGrapes 14 n\nPeaches 96 m\nPears 205 n\nPlums 547 ii\nRaspberries 362 n\nStrawberries 266 n\n$ 7\n14\n48\n83\n5\n80\n5\n26\n11\n40\n9\n46\n36\n60\n1\n80\n3\n50\n10\n94\n2\n39\n14\n60\n3\n00\n35\n20\n17\n129\n52\n2\n00\n2\n64\n8\n84\n7\n65\n20\n05\n1\n40\n9\n60\n6\n15\n10\n94\n28\n96\n21\n28\n$445 12\nChief Events of the Year.\nChange of Management.\nEarly in the year the Hospital received a visit from Dr. C. K. Clarke, Medical Superintendent of the Rockwood Hospital (for insane) at Kingston, Ontario. He came under\ninstructions from your Department to inspect the Institution and examine into its workings\nand report to the Government. After a most searching investigation, which began on January\n18th and lasted nearly a week, Dr. Clarke recommended that certain changes should be made\nin the system, with a view to introducing greater economy in the use of supplies, and to make\nthe general plan of management to conform to that which has proved to be the most successful\nat the present day.\nIt was apparent that to bring about the required changes would entail an immense amount\nof work, and Dr. Bodington felt constrained, through the advance of his years, to relinquish\nthe labour to younger hands, and seek well-earned rest and retirement in the land of his birth\nsurrounded by the members of his family and his friends. In this connection I can truthfully\ntestify that no greater general sorrow has been witnessed throughout the Institution than that\noccasioned by the departure of the one who had taken the helm at a very trying time, and\nhad safely piloted the Hospital through some difficult passages, giving to it his best energy\nand utmost attention, though never in robust health, and having already arrived at that period\nof life when men hope to be able to forget labour and worry. Dr. Bodington's resignation was\naccepted by the Government, who voted him a retiring allowance for his faithful services, which\nterminated on February 28th, after 6 years of most arduous toil, during the greater part of\nwhich he was alone in charge of the Institution. His Assistant, the present incumbent of the\nchief executive office, was appointed his successor. 480 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\nIt was found advisable to make certain changes in the staff to begin with, in order that\nproper co-operation might be secured in carrying out the new system of management, which it\nwas at once seen was not in favour with some. With loyal co-operation upon the part of the\nstaff in an institution of this kind, a superintendent of very mediocre ability might successfully\ncarry on a good work, but it would be impossible for a man even of the highest endowments\nto do justice to his patients and his employers, while a lot of underhand scheming is going on\namongst his assistants, with a view to making trouble. The very first change attempted\nprecipitated a crisis, as the result of which one male attendant was dismissed and five others\nwere permitted to leave at once, all of which vacancies were filled immediately by young men\nfrom the City. This matter would have been trifling in itself, had it not been for the disturbance made in the public press as a result of the sensational and lying reports circulated by the\ndisgruntled malcontents whom we had dropped from the staff', but as soon as the truth became\nknown my attitude was upheld.\nOne of the first changes inaugurated was that whereby the kitchen department was placed\nunder the control of the Matron. It had previously been managed solely by the cooks, who,\nnot being in touch with the wards, were unable to dispense the food to the best advantage in\norder to prevent waste. The diet sheets are now made out fortnightly, to insure a healthy\ndegree of variety. In short, this service, which used to be the source of so much complaint\nand unpleasantness, has been made thoroughly efficient and complaints are very rare.\nIn the outside department a distinction has been drawn between the farm and the garden,\nand a separate officer is now in charge of each, with his domain distinctly outlined as wrell as\nhis duties.\nAs touching the wards, I saw that there were enough trustworthy patients who, if gathered\ntogether, would till one ward, which they might be able to take care of themselves with some\noversight, and at the same time have the privilege of open doors; accordingly, the \" open-door\nward \" was established and has proved successful, so that two less attendants were required on\nthe staff. These patients were also allowed to remain up at night until 10 p. m., for reading\nand social games. By another arrangement the patients who were willing and anxious to work,\nbut not on parole, were gathered together in one ward and went out to work every fine day,\nwhich they seemed to enjoy very much.\nIn the offices I had a very busy year. The method of keeping the correspondence had\nbecome so antiquated that it had to be all re-arranged, and in this connection all the admission\npapers of every patient from the first had to be gone over and dealt with. New filing boxes\nand a filing cabinet were made and installed in the office. In ascertaining the per capita cost\nof maintenance, as I will intimate in this report later, I spent a great deal of time, and every\nvoucher in our possession had to be dealt with separately, in order to classify the expenditures\naccording to the plan to be mentioned under the section on expenditure.\nImprovements.\nDuring the year improvements were effected in nearly every department. In the centre\nbuilding it was found that the new Infirmary was impracticable in the form in which the contractors had left it. A partition was built at the head of the stairs, affording the required\nmeans of security against escape from the ward, as wTell as of isolation in case of need. In the\nbasement another partition was built, to shut off the dust and steam coming from the boiler\nroom. An office was made for the Chief Attendant by appropriating two rooms in B ward ;\nthis has the advantage also of enabling that officer to keep some oversight of B ward, which is\nthe \" open-door \" ward. Suitable clothes-rooms were arranged in A, D and F wards to replace\nthe small dark closets formerly used for that purpose. D ward was generally overhauled and 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 481\ndecorated, so that now it presents a most home-like appearance and is by far the most handsome ward that this Institution has ever known. This work will be carried on until every\nward in the house is made what it should be. The capacity of the ward was incidentally\nincreased by three beds. The Superintendent's residence had to be completely gone over by\nthe Plasterer, and the opportunity was taken advantage of to install gas-pipes in the principal\nrooms.\nThe Gate-Lodge was practically reconstructed and made more sanitary. It had formerly\ncontained but four rooms, in which eight persons had to live, and contained no modern conveniences. It now has six rooms, besides a bath-room and water closet, also an entrance hall.\nThe public entrance at the gate was also greatly improved in connection with this same alteration, and two porticos of handsome design were placed about it, the one on the inside and the\nother on the outside of the gate. The whole structure was artistically painted by ourselves,\nin colours not quite so sombre as those prevailing here in the past.\nThe eastern ends of the 1897 and 1898 buildings were cemented to keep the rain from\nsoaking through the brick, and rendering parts of those buildings uninhabitable in the winter.\nPaint and oil were used as a finishing coat, and the appearance of the buildings has been somewhat enhanced. A stone retaining wall was built at the side of the kitchen and capped with\ncedar, with a protecting rail over that. On account of the frequent blocking of the sewers\nfrom the '97 and '98 buildings, it was decided to build brick traps in such a position as to\ncatch foreign bodies before they would lodge in that part of the pipe, which is now from 12 to\n15 feet below the ground. One was built for each building and securely covered. It was\nfound necessary to take up the steam pipe to the laundry and replace it, as it had become completely rusted through and had been causing a great loss of steam intended for the dry-room.\nNew pipes were laid and covered with asbestos in a tunnel built of brick and cement. A\nsteam trap was placed on this connection, and has resulted in a great saving of steam and thus\nfuel.\nThe old iron sinks in the scullery rusted through and were replaced by porcelain ones.\nThe front bank, where all the excavated earth for any number of years had been dumped, was\ngraded and sodded by the Gardener, with the aid of patients. More remains to be done\nduring the current year. The excavating which had been left unfinished by the chain-gang\nat the rear of the 1898 building was completed by us, and the high bank graded and sodded.\nA drain 600 feet long was put in at the top of the bank to prevent percolation of water\nthrough the bank. The telephone and electric light poles were removed from the front\ngrounds, where they were unsightly, and were placed in the rear.\nChairs were substituted in two dining rooms for benches, and knives and forks were\nplaced upon the tables, as well as spoons for the patients to eat with. In the past spoons only\nwere allowed, except upon special occasions, such as Christmas.\nIncreased fire protection was afforded by the installation of a fire-alarm box of the same\npattern as those used by the City, and connected with the City system. A hydrant, which\nwas located in an unsuitable place, was moved to a better one, while the house for the hose-\nreel was moved and painted. The hose in all the wards was tested and defective portions\ndiscarded and replaced. The babcocks were attended to regularly and the lawn house supplied\nwith new fire pails, of a better pattern than those on the wards. I feel that we should make\nsome good ladders this year and keep them in readiness as we do the other fire apparatus. I\nhope to institute fire practice when the new shops-building is completed, and the outside\nemployees are gathered there in the living quarters being prepared for them. Thanks to our\nproximity to the City, we have never felt that in case of fire we were utterly dependent upon\nour own exertions, and for that reason I suppose this department, usually so well equipped 482 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 1902\nand trained in other institutions of this kind, has been rather neglected here. However, it is\nadvisable that whatever available men we have for the purpose should be trained so as to be\nable to assist the City Fire Brigade in the-event of fire.\nThe Engineer recommended that steam traps be placed upon those portions of the system\nthat were in his opinion causing the greatest loss of heat, and that the return pipes generally\nshould be covered. To test the matter, three steam traps were installed and considerable covering done to the pipes, the results of which have been so satisfactory that we shall secure and\nplace in position several more traps, in order to thus control the entire system and render it\nas economical as possible.\nIn no previous year has so much been accomplished in improving the ornamental and\ncultivated land belonging to the Hospital. A large area of new land, I should say about five\nacres, was cleared of trees, stumps and stones and placed under crop. Some days as many as\n70 patients were engaged in this work. The results, both in improved health to the patients\nand in increased returns from the soil, were eminently satisfactory, and encourage us to go on\nand achieve greater results this year. In the fall, attention was turned to draining, and about\n2,000 feet of tile were laid, so that the land should be in even better condition for the next\ncrop. A lot of old shacks were cleared away in the rear and the pig-yards pushed farther\naway from the proximity of the buildings. A small house was erected and fitted up for killing\nand dressing our own pork, which has proved an economical procedure. The boundary fence\nwas continued up the boulevard as far as possible, with the material on hand, and it is expected\nthat the new appropriations will enable me to have it carried completely around the rear of\nour property, so that we may have a park for the ladies and a campus for the men.\nNew Buildings.\nAn attempt was made during the year to fill, so far as the funds would allow, a long-felt\nwant\u00E2\u0080\u0094namely, workshops. The first to be undertaken was a combined blacksmithy and\nplumbing shop. It was built of fir and measures 37 feet by 12 feet, with a lean-to at one end\nfor a store-room for the Steward. The blacksmithy was fitted up with a brick furnace and\nlarge bellows, anvil, vise, and a general assortment of tools, many of which were manufactured\nthere. The plumbing-shop has no fittings other than three good benches and plenty of room\nfor those things which had been occupying space in the laundry for years. This work of\nconstruction was done by the patients, under the direction of the carpenter.\nIn the same way a paint-shop was built on a line with the other. It measures 24 by 12\nfeet, and is nicely fitted up with drawers, etc.\nThe chief undertaking of all, however, was the erection of a building 101 feet long by 36\nfeet wide, with a basement, two storeys and an attic, which for want of a better name I have\ncalled the \"shops-building.\" This is the building the plans for which I had the honour to\nsubmit to you last spring. The first floor contains a carpenter-shop 50 by 36 feet, attached to\nwhich is a cabinet-shop and a finishing-room. There are also rooms for book-binding, brush\nand broom-making, mattress-making, lock and clock repairing, with a tailor-shop and shoemaker-shop up-stairs. The second-storey also accommodates about ten employees, while the\nattic has four good-sized rooms. The basement is built with ten feet of masonry, and will\noccupy one-half the space under the building. The floor will be cemented and a hot-air furnace\nwill be installed for the heating. The only outside assistance which we had to secure for this\nwork was a master-mason for a month and an extra carpenter. The patients, under the\ndirection of the employees, have carried on the greatest part of the operations, from the\nexcavation to the shingling, which is about as far as we had reached at the close of the year.\nThe completion of this building will be an important event in the history of the Institution, .,oo,\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00AB.OVoo\u00C2\u00AB\u00C2\u00AB\nIX,\nw\n<\nCO\n\u00C2\u00A3\nUJ\nX\no\nLl\nh\nCT\nZ\nX\n\u00C2\u00A3\nh\nLU\nX\n\u00C2\u00A3\nQ\n<\nW\no\no\"\nCO\nZ\nW\nQ\nQ\nLU\nl-H\nm\nCJ\nLU\nw\nLU\nIII\nCC\nfl\nsL\n01\nO\n1\nh\n3\n55\nOJ\nW\nO\nQ\n55\nLT\nr-\nw\n10\nH\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2^\n2\nd\nX\nw\nh-\nCl\np\nO\nrn\nX\n\u00C2\u00A3\nW\nX\no\no-\nh\n<\nIII\nLU\n0\nLU\n2\nr-\nr\u00E2\u0080\u00941\nO\n\u00C2\u00A3\n[-\n0\ncn\nX\nw 2 Ed. 7 Report on the Public Hospital for the Insane. 483\nand I trust that the new appropriations will enable us to complete it, in order that we may\nprove what we have always contended, that the establishment of shops would be a great boon\nto the Hospital.\nExpenditure.\nBefore submitting to you the figures that represent the amount of our expenditure for the\npast year, I would venture upon a few remarks.\nI understand that it was owing to dissatisfaction under this head that the Government\nappointed a Royal Commission to investigate the working of this Institution last winter, and\nI know that during the investigation the Commissioner endeavoured to ascertain the exact per\ncapita cost of maintenance and could not, because of the system employed by us in keeping\nthe accounts. This was not the fault of the Clerk at all, but of the system in use.\nTo remedy this matter, the Commissioner recommended that the Clerk be made Bursar,\nand be allowed to perform every function of such an office ; that all accounts should pass\nthrough his hands, so that he might properly classify them, which is an indispensable requirement to satisfactory administration. This change was concurred in by yourself, and the\nappointment made with increase of salary, but as yet no change has taken place in the duties,\nand matters are no better than they were.\nTo explain how the accounts should be kept, in order that the per capita cost may be\ncorrectly computed, I would state as follows :\u00E2\u0080\u0094This Hospital for the Insane is an indispensable\nGovernment Institution, and as such is a Government asset, like all the other Government\ninstitutions of the land. It must, therefore, have two accounts, the one, capital, including the\nmoney spent in construction, improvements and primary equipment, every item of expenditure\nunder this head having something tangible to show for it and being a permanent asset. The\nother account is that for maintenance, and includes the money spent on salaries, provisions,\nwater, fuel, clothing, medicines and miscellaneous, as well as for repairs to plant and equipment, expenditures which leave no asset, but are incurred simply in carrying on the work for\nwhich the Institution exists.\nNow the mistake that has been made here is simply this : The primary furnishing and\nequipment has been charged to maintenance, and no account taken of the $17,000 worth of\nfurniture and fittings that we now possess, and so it has been made to appear that maintenance\nwas more costly than it really was, which was greatly to the disadvantage of the management,\nwhen comparisons were instituted between our per capita cost and that of other similar\ninstitutions.\nOf course the original equipment deteriorates and wears out, but it is always maintained\nat a proper degree of fitness by the substitution of new articles from time to time, and these are\ncharged to maintenance, so that the original equipment remains a permanent asset of full value.\nOn the other hand, I found that some amounts were charged to capital account that really\nbelong to maintenance, and that some other departments were sharing our expenses. For\ninstance, we never see our telephone or telegraph bills, while stationery comes from the King's\nPrinter free of charge. These all belong to maintenance. However, the figures that I propose\nto submit have been placed under their proper heads, and have been taken from the vouchers\nsubmitted by us to the department for payment. They cover the entire period of the existence\nof the Hospital, and consumed a great deal of my spare time during the past year in compilation. The totals tally exactly with those in our books, only the headings being changed. I\nwent to this trouble with the entire lot, since it is apparent, that to submit the figures for the\npast year under a different arrangement from those of the previous years would be very unfair\nto my predecessors, the results of whose management, from a financial point of view, are shown\nup in better light by the new adjustment. Our expenditure for maintenance for the past year, as shown in Table A, herewith\nappended, was $55,406.08, being about $4,000 less than it was in 1900, notwithstanding the\nfact that we had an average of 26 patients more throughout the year. Dividing this amount\nby 269.56, which was the daily average number in residence, we get $205.54 as the per capita\ncost. For the previous year it was $244, so that there was a gratifying reduction of $38.46\nper patient. Had the per capita cost been the same as it was the previous year, $10,370 more\nwould have been spent for the same results, so that this figure represents the real saving.\nTable B shows the per capita cost analysed under its various divisions, and a moment's\nreflection will show you that while the amounts mentioned in Table A are ever on the increase,\nthose in B should remain stationary or decrease, and if any undue expenditure should occur it\ncan be localised at once in this table.\nComparing the items for the past year with those for the one previous to it, we note that\nthe reductions were chiefly in salaries, provisions, fuel and miscellaneous, but most marked in\nfuel, while there was an apparent rise in clothing. This latter is explained by the fact that\nthe shoemaker was paid from the vote for \"boots, etc.,\" instead of from that for salaries.\nWhile a reduction was effected in the expenditure for salaries, it was not by cutting the wages\nof anyone in the service (with one exception, which was accidental), but was due to the\nreduction of the staff by instituting the \"open door ward,\" dropping the barber, plumber and\nteamster and one medical officer.\nIn the matter of expenditure for salaries, we cannot expect to compare figures with\neastern institutions, where I know that the general run of employees are shamefully underpaid, and that, too, in a service that requires the best type of person that the country can\nproduce. Nor yet can we hope to compare figures with those larger institutions which handle\nfrom one to two thousand patients, for the simple reason that a small institution requires nearly\nas many officers as a large one, but we may rest assured that as our numbers increase the per\ncapita cost will go down and compare favourably with any Institution, under similar circumstances.\nAs already intimated in this Report, our expenditure for provisions must always be high\nwhile we depend upon the general purveyor for all the supplies used upon the table. A farm\ncolonjr is the remedy.\nAs was anticipated, the most satisfactory reduction was in the fuel bill, and in this connection I would praise the Engineer for the careful way in which he handled the coal supplies.\nHe set out to cut the fuel bill in two, and he almost succeeded, at the same time furnishing all\nthe heat required as hitherto. We hope to make further reductions in this expense by improvements to the heating plant during the coming summer, but I do not think that we shall\nreach much below the present figure until we have a wharf and scow of our own to enable us\nto do our own delivering and deal directly with the mines.\nThe expenditure under capital account was greater than it was in the previous year. It\namounted to $7,134.58, of which $1,840.53 was spent upon new furniture and equipment,\n$104.20 on the medical library, and $14.65 on new surgical appliances, the remaining $5,175.20\nbeing spent upon lands and works in the manner following :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nOutstanding accounts left by previous management $ 166 75\nInstallation of weigh-scales 150 00\nClearing- and improving land for cultivation 243 81\nSlaughter-house for farm 23 54\nRe-constructing gate-lodge 408 24\nCarried forward $992 34 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n485\nBrought forward. $992 34\nPlumbing and blacksmith shops 233 80\nPaint shop , 120 03\nNew \" shops-building \" 2,143 70\nImprovements to wards and infirmary, painting, etc 206 92\nImprovements to interiors other than wards 298 44\nCementing the north ends of 1897 and 1898 buildings 108 86\nSteam traps, valves and asbestos covering for heating plant .... 318 87\nExtensions to lighting service 29 96\nExtensions to hot and cold water service 81 27\nNew brick culvert to laundry for steam pipes 129 35\nFire-alarm box, moving hydrant, etc 161 38\nImprovements to sewers, brick traps, etc 38 30\nFixing grounds next to buildings to protect the latter 48 50\nRetaining wall in rear of kitchen 17 95\nNetting about tennis lawn 10 45\nSundry small works, fencing, laying sidewalks, etc 125 00\nGoods in stock not yet used, paint, glass, hardware, etc 110 08\n$5,175 20\nIncluding all in a grand total, we have expended $62,540.66 during the year 1901, which\nis about $1,000 less than the grand total for the year 1900.\nTable A.\nShowing the average number of patients in residence each year, and the total amount spent\nfor maintenance, with the per capita cost.\nYear.\nAverage number\nin residence.\nMaintenance\nexpenditure.\nPer capita\ncost.\n1872 (81 days)\t\n1873\t\n1874\t\n1875 , \t\n16.57\n16.07\n16.76\n27 42\n36.41\n34.61\n36.52\n38.17\n45 42\n47.18\n47.86\n48.73\n48.70\n54.67\n59.11\n73.55\n79.43\n71.30\n78.78\n119.87\n125.24\n133.92\n148.64\n162.97\n171.43\n188.91\n216.53\n226.44\n243.24\n269.56\n$ 2,265 25\n7,841 94\n8,232 41\n9,892 38\n12,558 18\n12,917 17\n13,985 05\n10,253 72\n10,552 18\n10,691 76\n11,343 65\n11,829 11\n11,843 94\n15,555 87\n15,334 43\n15,945 22\n16,261 06\n15,657 79\n17,577 80\n21,757 03\n23,518 37\n25,904 98\n26,495 83\n31,587 89\n32,001 40\n36,224 76\n46,420 25\n54,917 45\n59,349 20\n55,406 08\n$616 00\n487 98\n491 20\n360 77\n1876\t\n1877\t\n1878\t\n344 91\n373 26\n382 93\n1879\t\n268 63\n1880 \t\n1881\t\n232 32\n226 62\n1882\t\n237 02\n18S3\t\n1884\t\n242 75\n243 20\n1885\t\n1886\t\n284 54\n259 42\n1887\t\n1888\t\n1889\t\n1890\t\n216 70\n204 72\n219 60\n223 13\n1891\t\n181 50\n1892\t\n1893\t\n1894\t\n1895\t\n1896\t\n187 80\n193 36\n178 25\n193 83\n186 67\n1897\t\n1898\t\n191 75\n214 38\n1899 .\n242 52\n1900\t\n1901\t\n244 00\n205 54 486\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable B.\nShowing analysis of the per capita cost.\nYear.\nSalaries.\nProvisions.\nClothing.\nFuel and\nLight.\nFurniture.\nMedicines.\nMiscellaneous.\nTotal.\n1872\t\n$279 38\n$184 03\n$55 81\n$22 44\n$15 55\n$10 18\n$49 30\n$616 69\n1873\t\n221 48\n166 81\n14 55\n23 65\n21 59\n7 74\n32 16\n487 98\n1874\t\n231 10\n152 10\n22 07\n23 98\n28 36\n7 78\n25 81\n491 20\n1875\t\n153 82\n113 40\n13 98\n16 88\n25 45\n6 73\n30 51\n360 77\n1876\t\n143 34\n114 45\n18 68\n22 75\n17 90\n2 86\n24 93\n344 91\n1877\t\n177 15\n126 75\n20 69\n4 66\n20 75\n3 74\n19 52\n373 26\n1878\t\n176 16\n124 23\n30 43\n13 94\n7 20\n9 16\n21 82\n382 93\n1879\t\n134 27\n95 10\n3 25\n15 91\n6 39\n6 31\n7 40\n268 63\n1880\t\n111 84\n87 71\n5 74\n14 06\n6 00\n3 63\n3 34\n232 32\n1881\t\n112 44\n81 14\n6 86\n12 73\n5 55\n2 56\n5 34\n226 62\n1882\t\n121 51\n84 52\n7 05\n12 30\n4 54\n3 49\n3 61\n237 02\n1883\t\n123 81\n92 56\n6 03\n11 04\n4 26\n2 24\n2 82\n242 75\n1884\t\n124 02\n90 64\n7 03\n12 43\n4 14\n2 77\n2 18\n243 20\n1885\t\n169 05\n84 33\n6 33\n15 05\n3 90\n2 93\n2 95\n284 54\n1886\t\n159 03\n69 35\n5 49\n16 20\n3 72\n1 59\n4 04\n259 42\n1887\t\n127 80\n59 10\n5 88\n15 38\n3 88\n93\n3 81\n216 78\n18S8\t\n118 34\n60 47\n4 41\n13 90\n3 11\n2 09\n2 40\n204 72\n1889\t\n131 70\n59 11\n7 20\n12 93\n4 13\n2 07\n2 46\n219 60\n1890\t\n121 54\n62 77\n9 02\n17 31\n4 00\n1 29\n7 19\n223 12\n1891\t\n88 35\n54 79\n3 83\n20 43\n3 40\n1 89\n8 81\n181 50\n1892\t\n94 25\n56 74\n4 69\n20 53\n3 35\n1 80\n6 42\n187 80\n1893\t\n95 50\n53 55\n5 43\n22 60\n3 39\n2 69\n10 20\n193 36\n1894\t\n87 76\n57 07\n5 25\n18 83\n2 98\n1 43\n4 93\n178 25\n1895\t\n90 83\n61 15\n9 90\n20 41\n2 51\n3 10\n5 93\n193 83\n1896\t\n89 13\n55 93\n6 30\n20 29\n2 56\n3 63\n8 83\n186 67\n1897\t\n89 09\n58 18\n8 36\n19 11\n2 95\n3 86\n10 20\n191 75\n1898 \t\n94 68\n69 43\n9 94\n21 82\n2 76\n5 12\n10 62\n214 37\n1899\t\n113 31\n72 91\n8 31\n33 96\n2 50\n2 73\n8 80\n242 52\n1900\t\n116 04\n72 62\n9 06\n32 10\n2 15\n1 71\n10 32\n244 00\n1901\t\n99 16\n66 65\n10 12\n18 52\n3 25\n1 07\n6 77\n205 54\nThe average for each decade is as follows, and shows a gradual reduction, as one would expect\nto find.\n1872 to 1881\n174 10\n124 57\n19 21\n17 10\n15 47\n6 07\n22 01\n378 53\n1882 to 1891\n128 51\n71 76\n6 23\n14 70\n3 91\n2 13\n4 03\n231 27\n1892 to 1901\n96 97\n62 40\n7 74\n22 84\n2 84\n2 72\n8 29\n203 80 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n487\nWO\na\nc3\nCD\nrfl\n05\ns\n_o\n-S\n^0\nla\nfl\nIE\ncS\n3\na\nfl\nC3\nH\nCD\n-1\nfl\nM\ncs\nH \u00C2\u00A3\na\nfl\nP4\n-a\nfl\nCD\n60\nfl\no\n-fl\no\n\u00E2\u0084\u00A2 J*l\nro o\ni-l\nO\no\n-*\nCo\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 CM\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 CO\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 ^\nO \u00C2\u00AB\nlO CC\nCO c\no c\nOluOO^ICOrHCoriCooCMXiJICiDOOOO\nlO'Oi-HCOIOC-CCoGOaO^CCCML-'C^COOOrHCM\nio cm ic ii m ro rt \u00C2\u00AB x o ic; cd oo o cc co i.j\nicHr^COOIOlCoOOCOrHr^^Ol-dHCMr-or^\nCNC^.^<>|COrHO-*l>rHCo^C\u00C2\u00BBeOlOCoO^\nofrH~ --,r* lOCM\u00E2\u0080\u0094Ticf\nSurgical\nInstruments.\no\no\nCM\nCO\nIO\nr~\no\n148 01\n19 00\n6 39\nC3 IO\n00 CO\n0*0\n0-,\n^0\n53\no\no\nOS\nIO\n8 60\n29 10\n25 10\n104 20\nCD\n0-\n0> -h\n* 2\nc\nc\nC\nS\nc\nc\no o\no o\noc\no o\nc\no\nc\n\u00E2\u0080\u0094\no o\no c\no o\no o\nCC CR\noi\nooooooooco\nooooooooto\nooooooooo\nLOOOOOOOOTt*\nCOCMOOCCCMr^CCO'HHOO\nrH HC4-HC4H\n\u00C2\u00A33\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0z^,\nto\nf.\n'3 S\n0 \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0080\u0094i Ol Ol 00 t\u00E2\u0080\u0094 iO CC Ol .\u00E2\u0080\u0094i CO \u00C2\u00A9 ?0 O \"* O >\u00E2\u0080\u0094i !>. ot^ t- X tH O t~- r-H *# O !>\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 OS CO\n'^ ^ \u00C2\u00AB Q O h CO iO iC \u00C2\u00A9 Tt W ^ iC ^ \u00E2\u0096\u00A0* \u00C2\u00A9 >C t-^ LO h O Cl 00 C (N (N ^ i- O\n01 -Xfl \u00C2\u00BB O \u00C2\u00A9 OI Ol LO o\u00C2\u00AB x_X O X \u00C2\u00A9 Ol \u00C2\u00A9 LO I> O ffl -t 'O O W t Oi \u00C2\u00AB i<\nof r^oo\" \u00C2\u00A9\" of of cc \u00C2\u00A9 c \"\n9& ^H ^H \u00E2\u0084\u00A2 rH r\nrH\u00C2\u00A9010NiOCDO]HH^N!DHa)OOlOLOO^C3lOIfOHXCOHOm\nX \u00E2\u0080\u0094- CO CC O 1-- Ci GO iO LO L-- CO O CO CC 00 Cl I:- CO O O CO CC- CO -\u00E2\u0080\u0094i Ol Ol Ci i\u00E2\u0080\u0094( Ol\n7Hi0^xoici>o^HoiiHHHH^oiHMioo\u00C2\u00BBfONO>ooioiffiioa)\n^ _T _T r-TrHOf r-Tofr-T\n(M\u00C2\u00A9-iOXH!Mi(JOOM030HT]iffil>OffiOHS5XffiiO^\u00C2\u00ABCOI>00\nLO^^COOl^^t^XOOliO^i^OlOCOt-CiCC^OXCiOlt-COOl'-'^\nt^^OTiH^Q^O^H^\u00C2\u00AEiOO'^Xi-OI>HO)*0 0101(NWXQr->OX\nPiCI^XOiMW^^OICDOKwCl-CC-l-CClOI^-OCNOIOHHX\np-Hp-^pHr-HrHCOOl-HrHi\u00E2\u0080\u0094l^H\u00E2\u0080\u0094IrH H H H Ol Ol CO Ol LQ \u00C2\u00A9 P' H CO ^ OI\nwiO\u00C2\u00BBOCO^XtO>OLOX01XXTt-iOCCCOO\nr\u00E2\u0080\u0094lOCCCOCOOCOt\u00E2\u0080\u0094ot>CCi\u00E2\u0080\u0094(COr-OlXl-OlcOOlXXLQcoocOCiOXClCO\nl>l>lOCOr^X01TOOIrHNl^r-MOLOt^\u00C2\u00ABiOCDCCi010^CRC;t--COC'^iO\nOnM^Oi^rJCO^I^\u00C2\u00A9i^\u00C2\u00A9\u00C2\u00A9rH^X^\u00C2\u00A9rH\u00C2\u00A9i^iO-^>\u00E2\u0080\u0094iCC<0\u00C2\u00A9C001r--\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 CO -f CO CO ot^ Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol 01 Ol Ol Ol Ol Ol CC T* ^ -^ Tt* Th *\u00E2\u0096\u00A0* o \u00C2\u00BBo io io X\nOlOOlCOX^aNXOO-t^LOOlN-HMOimaJHOlG^COiOOr-CO\nXXOtDOlOOOCOOXWOOIiOKOOIO^r-Oia.OIL'THClO.00\nCO^^XHiO\u00C2\u00A9\u00C2\u00A9\u00C2\u00A9LOiOOX\u00C2\u00A9Hr-iQiro^OOl>CO'^Cir'\u00C2\u00A9XQ\ne~ .-Tr-H ^of of cc of CO CC CO ^ ot^t^-TtT\n01MO^O\u00C2\u00A9HToHOp;!i)rtCTL0^010^C\u00C2\u00A9^\u00C2\u00A9-H-ifflaiO:01Ml:^\nc\u00C2\u00ABr>xxrHHOi\u00C2\u00A9onoo.^^oi!roiO'HHLOXo:it-Hi>i:'ioxooi\nC10)CO\u00C2\u00AB\u00C2\u00A9l>Mr-01COCOCl\u00C2\u00ABM\u00C2\u00AB^COLOI>ToHLOI>l^tDOiOiHX01t>.\n5fe r-T r-Tr-lTrHOf rH 01 Cl\"\nlOOiOQONOliOQaOliOOmcRX^CSt-N^fOW^OliOrHLOOrH\nx\u00C2\u00A9H^o\u00C2\u00A9oc.C5oioiocoa.oxiO'Hmoii\u00C2\u00A9iOLOLooiO)>offlco\n\u00C2\u00A9OOQNCDNC301XL0 001'*OJ\u00C2\u00A9W^>OX\u00C2\u00A9010ICOXh01hioi^\nr-X^OCDXW01X01^HHOai^OHH\u00C2\u00A9Ooi>OCDXO.\u00C2\u00ABnC\u00C2\u00A9\n0 \u00C2\u00A9 iO h h CO LO O Q X O iO ii O O CC X Ol C3 LO h h H ffi O Oi O LO CO a\n^ Of Of CO TjT TjT \"H-\" CO CO CO\" tjT tjT \u00E2\u0096\u00A0***\" TtT h*\" rf ^\" ^\" ^ co\" i^ i^ x\" \u00C2\u00A9\"\u00C2\u00A9\"\u00C2\u00A9\" ^\" co\"ir-^ t--^\nOHH\u00C2\u00AB^iT010C010COCOOCD\u00C2\u00ABiCDCDCDOIMXCOXCDf>01COHLOCOH\nCOCOt-^I>>XC001CiCiCi^LOCiC^CiCiCo^COrH01X01rHTj'COi-HC:0\nNCSO^l^XOM^Oi^LOWOVOlOffiaOiOOCOO^O^OQOlX^Cl\n01 *Q !>\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 rn _ Ol CC Ol I- O rH CC CO tiH Ci Ci Ci Ci !>\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 Ci O Ci \u00E2\u0096\u00A0<* O X Ol \u00C2\u00A9 iO Ol Ol\nO IO X Ol Ol rn -Hn r-^ \u00C2\u00A9 CO X \u00C2\u00A9 \u00C2\u00A9 Ol CO CO CO CO LO io oo r- O X Ol X^lO CO N^\nr-T cc co *<* io co\" co\" io 10\" \u00C2\u00BBo i o co\" co\" of os cT \u00C2\u00A9\" cT cT \u00C2\u00A9\" rn of cc\" Ttf 10\" co\" \u00C2\u00A9\" lo x\" co\"\nhhhhhhhOIOICIN\n01CCTMOCOlT-XC^\u00C2\u00A9rH01CO^lOCOWXCX\u00C2\u00A9rH01COTt! in\ncj .2\nrH W\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0g'S\nrrj\nCD eg\nSPo\na co\nS \u00C2\u00A3\nu '\u00C2\u00A3\ns\u00C2\u00BB\nPh\n5.55\n66.66\n33.33\n10.34\n50.00\n43.85\n47.05\n27.77\n23.52\n38.46\n42.85\n50.00\n45.45\n23.81\n59.26\n53.84\n65.51\n46.34\n38.59\n37.03\n28.12\n42.85\n16.25\n46.77\n35.93\n27.03\n33.33\n30.69\n33.63\n34.78\nPercentage of discharges to admissions.\nPercentage of deaths\nto number under\ntreatment.\nYear.\n00\nso.\n00\n0\no\nCO\nCO\nP3\n1\n10\n4\n3\n11\n6\n9\n5\n4\n5\n3\n4\n5\n5\n16\n21\n19\n19\n22\n20\n18\n21\n13\n29\n23\n20\n27\n31\n38\n40\nT3\n00\nCD\nO\no\nCO\n401\nO\n1872\t\n18\n15\n12\n29\n22\n14\n17\n18\n17\n13\n7\n8\n11\n21\n27\n39\n29\n41\n57\n54\n64\n49\n80\n62\n64\n74\n81\n101\n113\n115\n2\n3\n3\n3\n1\n1\n3\n1\n1\n2\n1\n1\n1\n2\n6\n8\n21\n16\n19\n11\n25\n8\n13\n32\n27\n20\ni\n5\n3\n10\n5\no\n8\n8\n5\n5\n2\n3\n2\n5\n6\n5\n3\n4\n12\n20\n13\n14\n19\n20\n9\n14\n19\n21\n29\n25\n5.55\n80.00\n33.33\n26.89\n63.63\n64.28\n58.82\n27.77\n29.41\n61.54\n57.14\n62.50\n63.63\n28.57\n62.96\n58.71\n72.41\n46.34\n49.12\n51.85\n60.93\n75.51\n40.00\n64.51\n75.00\n37.83\n49.38\n62.37\n57.52\n52.17\n5.55\n1873\t\n1874\t\n5\n13\n3\n2\n5\n7\n1\n2\n1\n16.12\n11.53\n1875\t\n1876\t\n1877\t\n20.83\n9.35\n6.12\n1878\t\n16.16\n1879\t\n1880\t\n1881\t\n14.81\n8.62\n8.19\n1882\t\n1883\t\n3.63\n5.26\n1884\t\n1885\t\n2\n10\n4\n12\n5\n18\n17\n6\n12\n29\n2\n7\n32\n18\n13\n24\n26\n2\n3.33\n6.94\n1886\t\n1887\t\n1888\t\n1889\t\n6.81\n4.80\n2.87\n3.25\n1890\t\n7.64\n1891\t\n11.69\n1892\t\n1893\t\n1894\t\n1895\t\n1896\t\n1897\t\n1898\t\n6.95\n7.60\n8.92\n8.92\n3.94\n5.69\n6.66\n1899\t\n1900\t\n1901\t\n6.42\n8.14\n6.63\nTable No. 3.\nShowing the number of admissions, discharges and deaths for each month during the year 1901.\nMonth.\nJanuary ..\nFebruary .\nMarch\t\nApril\t\nMay \t\nJune\t\nJuly \t\nAugust ..\nSeptember\nOctober . .\nNovember\nDecember .\nTotal .\nAdmissions.\nMale. Female. Total.\no\n4\n6\n5\n13\n14\n7\n5\n9\n6\n10\n89\n1\n1\n0\n1\n4\n2\n2\n1\n4\n4\n1\n26\n10\n5\n7\n14\n18\n9\n7\n10\n10\n14\nUS\nDischarges.\nMale. Female. Total.\n2\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A02\n/\n6\n6\n7\n\"3\n44\n1\n3\n1\n0\n3\n2\n2\n1\n16\n6\n9\n8\n6\n9\n9\n2\n4\n60\nDeaths.\nMale. Female. Total.\n1\n3\n2\n2\n3\n1\n2\n1\n1\n4\n20\n3\n4\n2\n' 2\n3\n1\n1\n2\n1\n1\n5\n25 496\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable No. 4.\nShowing the civil state of the patients admitted during the year.\nCivil State.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n53\n27\n8\n1\n89\n5\n20\n1\n0\n26\n58\n47\n9\n1\nTotal \t\n115\nTable No. 5.\nShowing the religious denomination of those admitted during the year.\nDenomination.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n17\n2\n3\n5\n0\n4\n1\n0\n2\n4\n1\n3\n2\n0\n3\n0\n1\n22\n2\n7\n1\n7\n6\n9\n1\n14\n7\n1\n20\n1\n1\n8\nMethodist\t\n13\n2\n17\n9\n1\n23\n1\n2\nTotal \t\n89\n26\n115\nTable No. 6.\nShowing the degree of education in those patients admitted during the year.\nDegree of Education.\nSuperior\t\nCommon School\t\nCan read only\t\nCannot read nor write\nNot known\t\nTotal \t\nMale.\nFemale.\n6\n1\n72\n23\n2\n1\n1\n1\n8\n0 .\n89\n26\nTotal.\n7\n95\n3\n2\n115 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n497\nTable No. 7.\nShowing the native country of those admitted during the year 1901.\nPlace of Birth.\nAustralia \t\nAustria\t\nCanada\u00E2\u0080\u0094Ontario\nQuebec\nNew Brunswick ....\nNova Scotia\t\nPrince Edward Island.\nChina\t\nEngland.. ...\nFrance \t\nGermany\t\nIreland \t\nItaly\t\nJapan \t\nNew Zealand..\nScotland\t\nSweden \t\nSwitzerland. ..\nUnited States\nUnknown\nWales\t\nWest Indies ..\nTotal\nMale.\n1\n13\n3\n3\n1\n1\n4\n21\n4\n4\n3\n1\n4\n1\n5\n4\n1\n13\n1\n89\nFemale. Total.\n1\n0\n6\n0\n1\n0\n0\n0\n4\n0\n0\n2\n0\n0\n0\n2\n2\n0\n7\n0\n1\n0\n26\n1\n1\n19\n3\n4\n1\n1\n4\n25\n4\n4\n5\n1\n4\n1\n1\n20\n1\n1\n1\n115\nTable No. 8.\nShowing the districts contributing patients during the year 1901.\nPlace of Residence at time of Committal.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\nYukon District:\n9\n2\n15\n2\n1\n1\n1\n0\n4\n0\n3\n0\n1\n0\n0\n9\n1\n0\n1\n0\n0\n0\n0\n0\n0\n10\nAtlin District: *\nAtlin \t\n2\nVancouver Island and other Coast Islands:\n19\n2\n4\n1\n1\n1\n2\n17\n6\n2\n1\n2\nLower Mainland:\n26\n7\n2\n1\n1\n1\n2\n1\n3\n2\n1\n1\nYale\t\n2\n1\nKamloops District:\n3\n2\n68\n20\n88 498\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable No. 8.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nShowing the districts contributing patients during the year 1901.\nPlace of Residence at time of Committal.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n68\n1\n20\n1\n1\n1\n1\n2\n88\nOkanagan District:\n1\n1\n1\n1\n3\n6\n1\n1\nWest Kootenay:\n2\n3\n6\n1\n1\n3\n1\n2\n1\n4\nEast Kootenay:\n1\n2\n1\nBoundary District:\n2\nColumbia \t\n1\n89\n1\nTotal \t\n26\n115\nTable No. 9.\nShowing the occupations of those patients admitted during the year 1901.\nOccupations.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n2\n1\n2\n18\n2\n1\n1\n1\n26\n2\n1\n2\n4\n1\n4\n3\n1\n2\n2\n2\n9\n2\n2\n2\n2\n4\n1\n4\nClerks \t\n3\n1\n2\n2\n2\n9\n2\n2\n2\n2\n18\n17\n2\n1\n1\n16\n2\n2\n1\n17\n2\n1\n1\n16\n4\n2\n1\n1\n1\n1\n3\n1\n1\n1\n4\n1\n1\n1\n1\n1\n89\n1\n]\n1\nTotal\t\n115 2 Ed 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n499\nTable No. 10.\nShowing the ages of those admitted during the year 1901.\nAge.\nUnder 15 years\nFrom 15 to 20\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 20 i, 25\n, 25 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 30\n, 30 n 35\n, 35 n 40\n/ 40 \u00C2\u00BB 45\n, 45 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 50\n, 50 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 60\n, 60 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 70\n, 70 ,i 80\nyears.\nTotal\nMale.\nFemale.\n2\n3\n5\n2\n6\n4\n18\n2\n12\n8\n17\n1\n3\n1\n18\n5\n5\n3\n89\n26\nTotal.\n5\n7\n10\n20\n20\n18\n4\n23\n5\n3\n115\nTable No. 11.\nShowing the number of the attack in those admitted during 1901.\nNumber of Attack.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\nFirst \t\n50\n7\n1\n1\n16\n4\n2\n2\n1\n1\n66\n11\nThird \t\n3\nFifth\t\nSixth\t\n1\n2\n2\n27\n1\n3\n28\n1\nTotal\t\n89\n26\n115\nTable No. 12.\nShowing the alleged duration of the attack, prior to admission, in those admitted during\nthe year 1901.\nDuration of Attack.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n5\n16\n17\n7\n3\n2\n6\n4\n4\n3\n4\n7\n5\n2\n1\n1\n3\n1\n1\n1\n26\n9\n23\n22\n9\n3\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 9 a 12 \u00E2\u0080\u009E \t\n2\n6\n5\n5\n6\nn 10 ,/ 20 a \t\n1\n2\n19\n1\n89\n3\n20\n1\nTotal\t\n115 500\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable No. 13.\nShowing statistics of heredity in those admitted during the year 1901.\nHereditj'.\nPaternal branch\t\nMaternal n \t\nPaternal and maternal branches\t\nLateral branches (brothers and sisters)\nInsane children \t\nInsane relatives, history obscure\t\nSaid not to be hereditary\t\nHistory unascertained\t\nNot insane\t\nTotal\nMale.\n1\n13\n66\n1\n89\nFemale.\n12\n26\nTotal.\n1\n1\n25\n72\n1\n115\nTable No. 14.\nShowing the alleged exciting causes of insanity in those admitted during the year 1901.\nCause.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n1\n3\n3\n6\ni\n1\n3\n2\n1\n1\n4\n1\nChildbirth\t\n3\n2\n2\n3\n2\n1\n2\n9\n2\n2\n20\n8\n1\n3\n10\nIll-health\t\n2\n2\n20\n3\n2\n1\n1\n10\n1\n1\n2\n3\n1\n2\n2\n26\n1\n10\n2\n1\n2\n3\n1\n2\n2\n30\nTotal \t\n89\n26\n115\nTable No. 15.\nShowing the state of the bodily health on admission.\nBodily Condition.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n30\n48\n11\n5\n15\n6\n26\n35\n63\nGreatlv reduced . . . \t\n17\nTotal \t\n89\n115 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n501\nTable No. 16.\nShowing the form of mental disorder in those admitted during the year.\nForm of Disorder.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n4\n1\n4\n2\n1\n1\n6\n3\n1\n2\n2\n1\n1\n2\n8\n3\n1\n1\n11\n3\n15\n6\n6\n6\n1\n1\n13\n4\n14\n17\n6\n16\na senile \t\n6\n6\n8\n3\n1\nAlcoholic a\t\n13\n5\n14\nMorphinism\t\n1\n1\n1\n2\n2\n2\nTotal\t\n89\n26\n115\nTable No. 17.\nShowing the number of patients discharged on probation during the year, with results.\nResults.\nDischarged recovered\t\na improved\t\n/; unimproved\t\n// not insane\t\nReturned to hospital\t\nStill out at close of the year\t\nTotal number to whom probation was given\nMale.\nFemale.\n17\n11\n4\n1\n1\n1\n1\n2\n3\n5\n27\n19\n28\n5\n1\n1\n3\n46\nTable No. 18.\nShowing the alleged duration of insanity prior to admission in those discharged recovered\nduring the year.\nDuration of Insanity.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\n16\n5\n1\n2\n9\n3\n1\n1\n14\n25\n8\n1\n3\n1\n2\n26\n2\nTotal \t\n40 502\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable No. 19.\nLength\nof residence\nof those\nreceiving\ntreatment\nJanuary 1st,\n1902.\nDuration\nof treatment\nof those\ndischarged\nrecovered\nduring the\nyear.\nDuration\nof treatment\nof those\ndischarged\nimproved\nduring the\nyear.\nDuration\nof treatment\nof those\ndischarged\nunimproved\nduring the\nyear.\nUnder 1 month\t\n6\n12\n10\n8\n2\n2\n9\n7\n3\n2\n3\n4\n47\n32\n20\n20\n10\n5\n14\n10\n8\n29\n6\n9\n6\n3\n4\n3\n6\n4\n4\n3\n4\n1\n1\n3\n2\n1\n1\n1\nnot insane, 1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 3 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 4 n \t\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 5 /. 6 i, \t\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 7 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 8 n \t\n1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 9 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 10 a \t\n1\n1\n1\n1\n1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 10 CO 11 II\t\n1\n3\n3\n1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 3 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 4 ,i \t\n1\n1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 7 \u00C2\u00AB 8 \u00E2\u0080\u009E \t\n1\n1\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 8 a 9 a \t\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 9 \u00E2\u0080\u009E 10 n \t\n10 a 15 a \t\na 15 c/20 a \t\n/; 20 //25 /; \t\nit 25 years and upwards\t\nTotal\t\n284\n40\n14\n6\nTable No. 20.\nShowing the age, length of residence, and certified cause of death in those cases which ended\nfatallyT during the year.\nRegister\nInitials.\nSex.\nAge.\nResidence in Hospital.\nNo.\nYears.\nMonths.\nDaj's.\nCertified cause of death.\n1,019\n681\n1,104\nF. P.\nL. F. J.\nJ. VV.\nI. MoF.\nH. H.\nJ. R.\nW. R. B.\nE. H. K.\nW. H. L.\nN. M.\nT. C.\nA. F.\nJ. H.\nA. T. H.\nJ. D. S.\nM.\nF.\nF.\nF.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\n35\n32\n36\n79\n40\n67\n39\n41\n40\n56\n60\n30\n54\n37\n43\n4\n8\n10\n10\n4\n4\n5\n16\n3\n21\n10\nGeneral paresis.\nExhaustion of epilepsy.\nExhaustion (puerperal melancholia).\nGeneral senile debility.\nGeneral paresis.\nRuptured aortic aneurism.\nExhaustion of mania.\nGeneral paresis.\nGeneral paresis.\nGeneral paresis.\nGeneral peritonitis.\nMarasmus.\nGeneral paresis.\nGeneral paresis.\nPneumonia, with paresis.\n1,059\n998\n218\n1,050\n505\n902\n14\n8\n2\n2\n4\n2\n6\n11\n8\n7\n1\n904\n716\n1,043\n874\n1,141\n1\n7\n10\n6\n3\n29\n25\n15\n16\n889\n2\n5 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n503\nTable No. 20.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nShowing the age, length of residence, and certified cause of death in those cases which ended\nfatally during the year.\nRegister\nInitials.\nSex.\nAge.\nResidence in Hospital.\nNo.\nYears.\nMonths.\nDays.\nCertified cause of death.\n1,161\nM. J. P.\nG. L.\nT. Y.\nA. McD.\nT. D.\nL. D.\nR. R. B.\nC. T.\nG. A.\nVV. W.\nF.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nM.\nF.\nM.\n43\n41\n30\n63\n66\n40\n64\n36\n18\n35\n12\n27\n29\n26\n27\n19\n10\n27\n15\n16\n1,015\n1,159\n1,169\n14\n840\n1,162\n1,193\n1\n29\n3\n4\n1\n1\n2\n5\n4\nGeneral paresis.\nExhaustion of acute mania.\nGeneral paresis.\nApoplexy.\nStrangulation.\nGeneral paresis.\nSepticaemia (cerebral abscess).\nExhaustion of epilepsy.\nGeneral paresis.\n1,174\n1,129\n3\n7\nTable No. 21.\nClassification as to race of those patients remaining in residence January 1st, 1902.\nClass.\nMale.\nFemale.\nTotal.\nWhites\t\nTotal\t\n195\n1\n2\n26\n59\n254\n1\nChinese\t\n1\n3\n26\n224\n60\n284\nTable No. 22.\nShowing forms of employment engaged in by the male patients during the year, and the\nnumber of days upon which they worked.\nEmployment.\nAssisting the carpenter \t\na farmer\t\n\u00C2\u00BB gardener \t\na painter \t\n\u00C2\u00BB plumber\t\n;/ plasterer\t\n\u00C2\u00BB tailor \t\nWorking in the blacksmith shop\t\ni, a kitchen and scullery\t\n// a laundry\t\na a engine-room\t\nw on the wards\t\nTending the front door\t\nTotal\nNo. of clays.\n1,495\n6,805\n1,395\n212\n178\n387\n109\n181\n4,297\n2,774\n429\n29,684\n361\n48,307 504\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n1902\nTable No. 23.\nShowing the articles made and repaired on the wards and in the shops during the year.\nName of Article.\nFemale Wards:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nAprons\t\nBlankets (eut in two, hemmed and repaired)\nChemises\t\nCovers, bureau\t\nit billiard table\t\n// table\t\na tray \t\nDresses, gingham ,\t\nn serge \t\nn night\t\nDrawers, pairs\t\nDusters\t\nHandkerchiefs\t\nMats \t\nNapkins for table ....\nNeckties\t\nPillow-slips ,\t\nRugs\t\nSheets \t\nSofa cushions\t\nShirts \t\nSocks, pairs\t\nTicks, bed\t\nTowels \t\nTable cloths \t\nTrousers \t\nVests\t\nWindow curtains\t\nHose, pairs\t\nPetticoats\t\nDrawers (men's) ' ...\nMale Wards:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nA good deal of mending that has been unrecorded, a matter which\nis now being set right.\nTailor-shop:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nBed-ticks\t\nBlankets lined\t\nCoats\t\nCombination suits\t\nFlag\t\nJackets, long-sleeved\t\nPillow-ticks \t\nShirts , \t\nTrousers \t\nUniforms for attendants \t\nWaistcoats \t\nSundry miscellaneous work\t\nShoemaker-shop:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nShoes, pairs\t\nSlippers, pairs\t\nHarness, pieces\t\nSundry miscellaneous work\t\nCarpenter-shop:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nConsiderable furniture made and repaired of which no record was\nkept. These records receiving attention for next report.\nBlacksmith-shop, plumbing-shop and tinsmithy:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nSame note applies to these.\nMade.\n47\n21\n8\n2\n41\n6\n27\n15\n3\n24\n87\n7\n24\n158\n334\n15\n197\n2\n234\n8\n28\n40\n3\n44\n16\n5\n35\n26\n39\n42\n90\nRepaired.\n58\n369\n500\n46\n146\n351\n186\n249\n2,153\n759\n3\n10\n17\n132\n213\n378\n574\n1,094\n27\n77\n4\n1\n20\n2\n350\n36\n180\n181\n5 2 Ed. 7\nReport on the Public Hospital for the Insane.\n505\nTable No. 24.\nShowing the quantity of fruit preserved by the Matron during the year.\nBlackberries 6 quarts.\nCherries 9\nCrabapples 4\nCurrants 43\nGooseberries 25\nPeaches 10\nPears 11\nPlums 53\nRaspberries 44\nRhubarb 19\nStrawberries 61\nTomatoes, pickled 59\nTomato catsup 4\nVICTORIA, B. C.:\nPrinted by Richard Wolfenden, Printer to the King\n1902.\nI Most Excellent Majesty. "@en . "Legislative proceedings"@en . "J110.L5 S7"@en . "1902_05_0459_0505"@en . "10.14288/1.0064163"@en . "English"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Victoria, BC : Government Printer"@en . "Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia"@en . "Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en . "ANNUAL REPORT ON THE HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE, NEW WESTMINSTER, FOR THE YEAR 1901."@en . "Text"@en . ""@en .