"e26a5297-5687-49b0-9d09-2a16c72aeb4d"@en . "CONTENTdm"@en . "WORKMAN'S COMPENSATION BOARD, ANNUAL REPORT."@en . "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1198198"@en . "Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en . "British Columbia. Legislative Assembly"@en . "2016-03-22"@en . "[1918]"@en . "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcsessional/items/1.0059734/source.json"@en . "application/pdf"@en . " FIRST ANNUAL REPORT\nOF THE\nWORKMEN'S COMPENSATION BOARD\nOF the\nPROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA\nYEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31st\n1917\nPRINTED by\nAUTHORITY OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY.\nVICTORIA, B.C.:\nPrinted by William H. Ciillikt, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty.\n1918. To His Honour Sir Frank Still-man Barnard, K.C.M.G.,\nLieutenant-Governor of the Province of British Columbia.\nMay it please Your Honour:\nThe First Annual Report of the Workmen's Compensation Board of this\nProvince is herewith respectfully submitted.\nJOHN OLIVER,\nPremier.\nPremier's Office,\nMarch, 1918. The Workmen's Compensation Board,\nVancouver, B.C., March. 11th, 1918.\nThe Honourable John Oliver, Premier,\nParliament Buildings, Victoria, B.C.\nDear Sir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094In pursuance of section 50 of the \" Workmen's Compensation Act\"\nwe enclose herewith Annual Report. Our Board decided that, in addition to the\nordinary statement of the transactions of the Board, it would be advisable in the\nfirst report to give a general explanation of the different features of the Act, so\nthat it may act along educational lines.\nWe are,\nYours very truly,\nE. &. H. WINN,\nChairman. REPORT OF WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION BOARD.\nTo the Lieutenant-Governor in Council,\nVictoria, B.C.\nSir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094The \" Workmen's Compensation Act,\" being chapter 77, Statutes of 1916, requires that\nannually, on or before the 1st day of March, the Workmen's Compensation Board shall make a\nreport of its transactions during the next preceding calendar year. In accordance, therefore,\nwith the requirements of that Act, this report is made. It contains:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n(a.) Organization :\n(6.) A brief outline of what led up to workmen's compensation legislation:\n(c.) Methods adopted and work performed by the subdivisions of the organization,\nwhich comprises:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n(1.) Assessments and audits:\n(2.) Claims:\n(3.) Medical division:\n(4.) Accident-prevention:\n(5.) Statistical.\n(a.) ORGANIZATION.\nThe members of the Board are: E. S. H. Winn, Chairman, appointed for ten years; Parker\nWilliams, Commissioner, appointed for nine years; and Hugh B. Gilmour, Commissioner,\nappointed for eight years. The Board held its first meeting on the Sth day of January, 1917,\nand effected a partial organization. It should be remembered that the Act came into operation\non the 1st day of January, 1917. The Commissioners had no previous experience in this class\nof work, and were unacquainted with each other. The general effect was that the members\nof the Board started on this immense work some few days after the Act had actually come into\noperation. One can therefore quite understand the care that must be exercised in the creating\nof precedents for the years to come. It was most necessary that the foundation should be carefully laid. The members realized the work that had to be -done and that a great amount of the\nBoard's future success would depend upon the first year's work. With what amount of success\nthis has been accomplished you may have already formed an opinion.\nThe Board has been confronted with the task of establishing immediately a complex system\nof insurance and medical aid, unique in its general plan, broad in its scope, and marking an\ninnovation amongst the laws of its kind, for compensation insurance is new on this continent,\nno law having been in operation longer than five or six years, and no two compensation laws in\nthe forty-two on the continent where they obtain being the same.\nThe system was unique, inasmuch as it was the only law of its kind in force at the time\nthat carried with it unlimited medical aid. It is broad in scope, because as of January 1st, 1917,\nthe compulsory features of the Statute became effective, whereby the entire accident business\nof the industries covered by the Act would fall upon the Board, to be handled equitably,\naccurately, promptly, and economically.\nThe background against which the law is operative includes an annual pay-roll of approximately $100,000,000, approximately 75,000 workmen, about 6,000 employing firms, 400 doctors,\n2,000 nurses, 200 dentists, 150 druggists, ambulance companies or transportation concerns,\nincluding automobile services, teaming, launches\u00E2\u0080\u0094in fact, every kind of transportation facility\nthat was necessary to bring injured workmen to the nearest medical practitioner. These were\naffected directly, and yet the public as a whole was to be affected almost as vitally, for the\nestablishment of the new law meant a vast change in public policy in the treatment of the least\nrisk from industrial accidents.\nThe Board had therefore to face the problem of making effective in the most practical manner\nthis new principle which had been embodied in the laws of the Province; to do so meant much\npioneer work. K 6 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\nEducation.\nThe Board realized that the bringing into effect of the provisions of the present Act was\nto overturn the long-established habits of employers, workmen, doctors, and lawyers\u00E2\u0080\u0094a truly\nrevolutionary proceeding. It meant the abandonment of the Courts as an institution for\nawarding damages for personal injury by accident, as well as the elimination of the legal\nprofession.\nThe Board started a Province-wide educational campaign. The members of the Board, as\na body, in pairs, or singly, addressed labour bodies, commercial organizations, boards of trade,\nmedical associations, fraternal organizations, and social gatherings, delivering several hundred\naddresses during the year, explaining the provisions of the law and soliciting co-operation from\nthese bodies as well as the public. The Act when explained appeals strongly to all on economic\nas well as humanitarian grounds.\nMany thousand circular letters were addressed to those affected and many thousand answers\nto personal inquiries were made. Many difficulties were solved by personal contact with those\naffected. Interviews with labour unions and committees thereof established a direct communication with the Board, and provided the elimination of the necessity of the workmen retaining the\nservices of others to assist them in getting their difficulties before us. (A very great many of\nthe difficulties of the first six months of operation have by this course been overcome.)\nAs the workmen, the employers, and medical men become conversant with the Act and\nits limitations, then the load of the Board will be correspondingly reduced. Claimants are\nencouraged to present their complaints or their requests direct to the Board, and so far as we\nare aware no application for information or request for assistance has been denied.\nWe have been urging upon the employer the necessity of instructing his foreman or other\nproper heads of their different departments to get the employees to report any accident to him,\nno matter how trivial it may be, that may occur during the day; and, further, to make it\nimperative that the accident be reported on the day upon which it happens. One of the great\ndifficulties with which we have been confronted is in the securing of reports of accidents promptly\nfrom the employers. Such delay imposes a great volume of unnecessary work on the staff of\nthe Board in continually making requests for these reports. This is especially true in the case\nwhere employees are not familiar with the requirements of the law, and therefore fail to report\naccidents immediately to the employer; the employers quite frequently taking the position with\nthe Board that inasmuch as the employee has failed to report the accident they have no\nknowledge of it. Oftentimes, too, where the injury in question is seemingly trivial, the employer\nthinks no more about it, and accordingly dismisses the incident from his mind until requested\nfor a report from the Board some two or three weeks later. When such a request is received he\nfeels that he has been imposed upon by both the workman and the Board.\nMany injuries throughout the year appear at the time of their happening to be most trivial,\nbut later on have developed into a serious condition, and in two cases have resulted in the death\nof the workman. It is therefore deemed imperative that every employer carefully record every\ninjury reported, and that the workman report every injury and the manner in which it occurred,\nas well as the witnesses of the accident. When this practice is adopted many seeming difficulties\nwill immediately disappear.\nIn case of an accident to a workman in an employment coming within the Act it is the duty\nof the employer within three days after its occurrence to report the same in writing to the Board.\nThe failure of the employer to so report may subject him to a substantial penalty.\nIn every case of an injury to a workman by an accident in the industries within the Act it\nis the duty of that workman or, in the case of his death, the duty of the dependents, as soon as\npracticable after the happening of the accident, to give notice thereof to the employer. The\nnotice is to be in writing, and should show the name and address of the workman and state in\nordinary language the nature and cause of the injury, the time when and place where the accident\noccurred. This notice may be served upon the employer by leaving the same with him or his\nagents, or at his place of business where the accident occurred, or by sending it by registered\nmail addressed to him at his last-known residence or place of business. The failure of the\nworkman to give notice of his accident, unless excused by the Board, may be a bar to his claim\nfor compensation.\nForms supplied by the Board that are required to be filled out by the workman, the employer,\nand the doctor, where one has been in attendance, can be obtained from all Government Agents, 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report.\nemployers, and all physicians. Forms have also been supplied to the trades unions. When the\nproper claim forms have been completed in accordance with the requirements, the Board thereupon proceeds to deal with the claim and awards payment or takes such other action as may\nappear proper.\nThe Board desires to bear public testimony to the character of the services rendered by its\nvarious members of the staff. There was but one employee on the staff who had had previous\nexperience in this class of work. The prescribed working-day seems to have been forgotten\nentirely, and the members of the staff voluntarily remained at work long after hours, or overtime at night, during Saturday half-holiday, and other holidays. There has been prevalent, also,\na spirit of desire to understand the law and the practices of the Department in its various\nactivities, so that there has developed a flexibility which enables a given member of the staff\non short notice to undertake other than his or her usual work.\nIn the selection of the staff the Board exercised the greatest care, and were actuated only\nby the desire to secure the highest efficiency.\nAt the outset a study of conditions revealed the necessity of dividing the work and placing\nit under certain divisions having to do with assessments and audits, claims, medical, accident-\nprevention, and statistical.\n(6.) A BRIEF OUTLINE OF WHAT LED UP TO WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION\nLEGISLATION.\nA brief outline of what led up to workmen's compensation legislation might be interesting\nas a proper conception of the system that formerly prevailed, and is necessary to a thorough\nunderstanding of the theory of workmen's compensation. In discussing the subject this Board\nassumes that you are familiar with the principles applicable to those sustaining the relation to\neach other of employer and workman, and we will therefore make only such reference to common\nand statutory law on the subject of employers' liability as seems to be imperative.\nThe principle of systematic compensation for losses due to industrial accident has been\nknown in Europe for over a century, the earliest examples being found in the mining industries.\nAs these industries were the first to be operated on a large scale with large numbers of employees\nwhose lives and safety depended on the care and skill of the manager and of the fellow-workmen,\nand in addition had a high danger rate, it was but natural that attempts should be made to\nprovide in a definite manner for the relief of the distress of employees caused by accidental\ninjuries or other physical disability. The European example has been followed by practically\nall the civilized nations of the world.\nAt the present time thirty-seven States, three Territories, and four Canadian Provinces have\nadopted various forms of \" Workmen's Compensation Acts.\"\nAt the time of the adoption of the common-law rules of liability, industrial conditions\nradically differed from those which prevail to-day. The employer employed comparatively few\nworkmen, with whom in the performance of their work he was brought into intimate association and was able to exercise a supervising care and control. He was acquainted with the habits\nand characteristics of each of his employees; the employees knew the employer personally\nin the same way, and, moreover, were brought into such close relationship with one another\nthat their habits and peculiarities were mutually known and understood. The business carried\non was small in extent; the appliances which were used in the work consisted in the main\nof hand-tools; the power, when any was used, was simple in character, afforded by the utilization of horses or of water-power applied directly to the machinery, which was neither\ncomplicated nor particularly dangerous in character. Under these conditions the rules of the\ncommon law originated.\nThe injured workman could recover from the employer only by showing that he was guilty\nof negligence; that is, that in the given case he has failed to exercise a proper degree of care\nand that the injury had resulted therefrom. From time to time in the development of the law\nqualifications to the liability of the employer for negligence were introduced. It was held that,\nnotwithstanding the fault of the employer, if the employee himself had likewise been guilty of\nnegligence contributing proximately to his injury he could not recover; that he assumed the\nnatural and ordinary risks and perils incident to the performance of his services, and he was\ndenied the right of recovery whenever the injury was occasioned by defects in appliances or\npremises with or upon which he worked with knowledge thereof, actual or imputed. It was K 8 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\nfurther held that where the injury was occasioned by the negligence of a fellow-servant he could\nnot recover. These various substantive rules and defences were not unjust or unreasonable\nwhen applied to the conditions prevailing at the time of their adoption, but they have come to\nbe recognized, not only in this country, but all over the civilized world, as no longer justly\napplicable to modern industrial conditions.\nIn the industries to-day, often thousands of men are employed in the service of a single\nemployer; the appliances with which they do their work consist in the main of more or less\ncomplex machinery, kept in motion, and often in highly rapid motion, by the elemental forces\nof steam and electricity. This machinery so propelled is not always under the immediate\ncontrol of the workman who uses it, but its operation is governed by other workmen at more\nor less remote points. These and other changed conditions have so impressed intelligent observers\nin this country that attempts have been made to modify the rules of the common law to meet\nthem, and from time to time legislation has been adopted, sometimes abrogating an existing\nrule and sometimes altering it, in accordance with the opinions of the various legislative bodies\nwhich have dealt with the question. Thus the doctrine of contributory negligence has in some\nProvinces and States been so changed as to allow recovery where the negligence of the workman\nis slight as compared with that of the employer. The doctrine of assumption of risk has been\nso altered as to permit recovery where the defects, although known to the workman, consist in\nthe absence of safety appliances, etc., prescribed -by law. The doctrine of fellow-servant negligence has been modified by the introduction of the separate department and the superior-servant\nrule. Statutes have been passed imposing specific duties upon the employer having for their\nobject the promotion of the safety of his workman and making him liable to workmen sustaining\ninjury because of their non-performance. These attempts and others which might be enumerated\nall indicate a clear recognition on the part of Legislatures and Courts that the common-law\nsystem of employers' liability for negligence, with its various controlling defences, can no longer\nbe justly applied to modern industrial conditions.\nNot only has this been the case in our own country, but the same tendency is manifest in\nthe legislation of nearly every civilized country in the world. Most of these countries have gone\nfar beyond Canada and the United States in the direction of remedial legislation. England and\nher colonies and the various countries in Europe, with few exceptions, have adopted laws which\neither expressly or in effect abrogate the laws of liability for fault, and substitute the law of\ncompensation under which the injured workman, or, in case of his death as the result of\naccident in the course of his employment, his dependents, receive certain definite compensation\nproportioned in various ways to the wages paid at the time of or during a prescribed period\nbefore the accident.\nThe general theory of workmen's compensation is that industry should bear the loss of life\nand limb incurred in the production of its finished product, just as it bears the expense of\nreplacing worn-out and broken machinery; and that for every injury incurred in the course\nof employment some fixed amount should be provided in the way of compensation to the person\nincurring the injury, or to his dependents in case of his death; and this without regard to the\nquestion of fault or negligence of the employee, because many injuries or deaths are bound to\noccur under modern conditions, even when the utmost care is exercised by both the employer\nand the employee. The practical application of the doctrine involves a virtual abandonment\nof the common-law principles of employers' liability and the many statutory enactments commonly known as \" Employers' Liability Acts,\" thus giving every employee injured in the course\nof employment the right to secure something in the way of compensation for his injury, and as\nsoon as possible after he sustains his injury and at a minimum of expense.\nThe system as we now have it is better for the employee, because, while the amount of\ncompensation is limited and fixed in amount, it is certain, and compensation is payable for every\ninjury and for every death where persons are left wholly or partially dependent upon the deceased\nemployee.\nIt is better for society at large, because under its operation a vast sum of money is saved\nthat was expended under the old system in the way of law costs, Court costs, jury- and witness\nfees, and for caring for those who had been incapacitated on account of injuries and as a result\nthereof become public charges.\nThe new plan is definitely superior to the old plan, in that under its operations the settlement of disputes growing out of personal injuries is taken entirely out of the realm of private 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 9\ncontroversy. No longer is the employer arrayed against his injured or the dependents of his\nkilled employees in legal combat, in which the employer is seeking to escape all liability and\nthe employee or his dependents seeking the largest possible judgment that can be obtained, but\nthe employer and his employees have a common interest in seeing that those entitled to compensation receive precisely the amount due them under the provisions of the law.\nAs our Act is drawn it gives the Board the monopoly of furnishing workmen's compensation\ninsurance, whereas some other nicts permit insurance companies to engage in the so-called\n\" business\" of writing workmen's compensation insurance policies. The opinion is rapidly\ngrowing in effect that private interests should not be permitted to come between the employer\nand the injured employee and conduct a business for profit, which profit must come from the\nmisery and distress of human beings. It is not a legitimate business, never has been, and can\nnever be made such. It would not be considered a legitimate business proposition for private\ncorporations to engage in the business of \" policing \" our cities and making prosecutions for the\nviolation of laws. That is a matter that is very properly considered one of the functions of\ngood government; so is the maintenance of a free public-school system, and we believe that the\nadministration of the \" Workmen's Compensation Act\" by which the injuries of employees of\nour Province are cared for is as much a function of good government as the policing of our cities\nor the conduct of our free public schools. If, then, the administration of such a law is a\nfunction of good government, it cannot be considered a legitimate field for business. It has\nseveral times been urged by interested parties that there should be a competition in the business\nof furnishing workmen's compensation insurance and that the Province is not justified in creating\na monopoly. The answer, however, is, as before stated, that it is not a \" business\" but a\ngovernmental function; and even granting it is a legitimate field for business, the Province has\nnot made a business proposition of it. The Board is simply acting as the administering agent\nof a fund made up from contributions from all the employers of the Province; for the Board\nseeks to make no profit, but pays out of its treasury in the form of compensation every cent\nthat is paid into the treasury by employers, less the cost of administration.\n(c.) METHODS ADOPTED AND WORK PERFORMED BY THE SUBDIVISIONS OF THE\nORGANIZATION.\n(1.) Assessments and Audits.\nThe moneys from which compensation and administration expenses are paid is received\nfrom the employers by means of assessment upon their pay-roll. Basic rates are adopted in\naccordance with what is believed to be the hazard in the particular industry. Rates as adopted\nin this Province have been taken mainly from the experience of other Boards where like\nconditions obtain. As time goes on, however, our Statistical Department will furnish us with\na basis upon which to settle the rates.\nThe Basic Rate and its Relation to Actual Cost.\nThe basic rate of assessment on pay-rolls for the different kinds of work is not to be\nregarded as indicating the true cost to the employers in the various industries. The cost in any\nyear in each of the industries depends directly upon the amounts that have to be paid on account\nof the accidents which have occurred in each of the several classes, and, as nearly as can be\nestimated, depends upon the probable cost in each of the different kinds of work listed in each\nof the classes.\nFortunately it is provided in the Act that the assessment each year should be payable in\ninstalments, as the needs of each class should require, and that so long as the funds to the\ncredit of any class were sufficient no further instalment should be required, and that it might\nbe deferred or altogether omitted.\nBy this means any efforts of employers which result in prevention of accidents result\nimmediately and automatically in a lessening of the drain upon the funds of the class in which\ntheir industry is listed, and therefore makes it just so much the longer before it will be necessary\nto replenish the class fund by paying another instalment.\nEach instalment is collected at the basic rate on only one quarter of the pay-roll, and when\nthe proceeds are nearly exhausted, another instalment is collected on another quarter of the\npay-roll. If only two instalments prove to be sufficient for the year, as was the case during K 10 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\n1917 in most of the classes, the other two instalments are omitted, thus making the true cost\nfor the year in such classes only one-half of the basic rate, as that rate was collected on only\ntwo-quarters, or one-half, of the actual pay-roll. Where, for example, the basic rate, as in the\ncase of sawmills, is 2.20 per cent., and but two calls each of a quarter of this rate was called,\nthe effect was that the cost to the employer in that industry was but 1.10 per cent.\nIn only one class last year\u00E2\u0080\u0094namely, in Class 3, in which the operation of coal-mines was\nlisted\u00E2\u0080\u0094was it necessary to collect all four instalments. The collection of the full basic rate\nfrom the employers in this class last year was directly attributable to the sad disaster at Fernie,\nin which thirty-four coal-miners lost their lives.\nIn Class 2, in which the lighter forms of manufacture of wood are listed, and in Class 9,\nwhich includes navigation, stevedoring, and wharf operation, it was necessary to collect three\ninstalments, owing to serious accidents which occurred in the work of these classes. In most\nof the other classes two instalments were sufficient to pay the losses during the year and they\nhave provided a satisfactory working balance, which has deferred the time when it will be\nnecessary to require the first instalment for the present year.\nWhere two or more kinds of industry are listed in the same class, it is important that the\nbasic rates on each kind of work should be in proportion to the probable hazard in the respective\nindustry. So long as the basic rates for the different kinds of industry listed in any given class\nfairly correspond to the different probable hazard of the industries, the amount of the basic\nrate is not of especial importance to any employer, but the question that is of importance is on\nhow many quarters of his pay-roll is the basic rate to be collected. That question, as already\nshown, depends directly on the care which is used to prevent accidents, and this in very large\nmeasure depends upon the employers themselves, who by using the greatest possible care to\nprevent accidents can very materially reduce the number of instalments that it will be necessary\nfor them to pay in any year.\nEvery employer is required, when commencing business, to furnish to the Board an estimate\nof the probable amount of the pay-roll of each of his industries, together with any additional\ninformation that may be required. This estimated pay-roll is required by the Board to be sent\nin prior to the commencement of operation. Failure on the part of an employer to do this\nmeans that that employer is liable to a substantial penalty, as well as having charged up to him\nthe full amount of the capitalized value of the compensation payable in respect of any accident\nto a workman in his employ which happens during the period of default.\nIn the event of an employer being in default of the payment of assessment, the Board has\nauthority to issue a certificate stating that the assessment was made, the amount remaining\nunpaid on account of it, the person by whom it is payable, and such certificate, when filed with\nthe District Registrar of the Supreme Court or with the Registrar of any County Court, becomes\nan order of that Court and may be enforced in the same manner as a judgment of the Court.\nThis procedure, however, has been invoked in a very few cases.\nFor the purpose of pay-roll audits a number of field auditors have been appointed. These\nauditors call upon employers and inspect and audit their pay-rolls. It is the intention of the\nBoard that the pay-roll of every employer is inspected and audited at least once a year.\nIt is requested that all the employers co-operate with the Board in obtaining from time to\ntime the names of those firms or individuals commencing business and report them, because it\nmeans that the greater number of contributors in a class the less is the cost to the individual\noperator. We seek by means of our auditors and with the co-operation of those already in\nbusiness to get the names of all new persons or firms starting business.\nThe total amount of -assessments received from the industries on account of the 1917\nassessment, together with the interest on the Board cash balances, amounts to $939,869.97. Compensation claims paid out for 1917 accidents amount to $358,227.37. There has been set aside\nfor reserve to secure pensions the sum of $351,777.24. The balance is retained for the purpose\nof paying pensions to dependents whose claims have not yet been satisfactorily proved, and for\nthe payment of permanent partial disability cases not yet surgically cured, etc. There has been\ncollected for the Medical Aid Fund, wherewith to supply the medical-aid features of the Act,\nincluding interest on bank balances, the sum of\" $93,094.92, and there has been disbursed of this\namount to physicians, hospitals, etc., the sum of $83,189.54. The cost of administration for the\nyear 1917, which includes salaries, travelling expenses of the Board auditors, as well as the\nmembers of the Board, printing, supplies, postage, etc., investigation, accident-prevention, and 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 11\npermanent equipment, was $57,830.07. Of this amount, $9,614.68 is for permanent equipment.\nThe cost of administration, including permanent equipment, for 1917 is 5.977 per cent. Towards\nthe administration expenses the Government of the Province paid the sum of $10,000, together\nwith certain printing, supplies, and office space, so that the actual cost to the industries of\nadministration, including permanent equipment, amounts to 4.943 per cent of the moneys\ncollected from assessments.\nInvestments.\nThe Board has made the following investments to secure pensions : $25,000 Victory Loan\nbonds, bearing interest at 5% per cent., for which was paid $24,776.99; $300,000 worth of\nBritish Columbia Provincial Government bonds, bearing 5 per cent, interest, for which was\npaid $261,842.05. This latter investment will net the Board 6% per cent.\n(2.) Claims.\nThe first work performed by the Board was the organizing of the Claims Department, so\nthat injured workmen would be in a position to receive their compensation with as little delay\nas possible. The equitable and prompt handling of claims is one of the most important functions\nof the Board, and to a very great extent the law itself, and its administration will be judged by\nthe result in handling claims. The end to be obtained must be simplicity, promptness, accuracy,\njustice, and a broad interpretation of the Act. These requirements we have conscientiously\nendeavoured to carry out.\nThe educational campaign referred to in the early part of this report has done much\ntowards assisting prompt adjustment of workmen's claims, and, in order to further assist, the\nBoard has had placards placed in each industrial plant in the Province pointing out to the\nemployee the necessary things to be done in order to secure prompt payment of compensation.\nThe workmen were requested, in accordance with the Act's requirements, to forthwith notify their\nemployers in writing immediately after the accident, no matter how trivial that accident might\nhe, and in such notice to give the time, place, and nature of the injury. If the injury was\nsufficiently severe as to require medical attention, then the workmen are requested to see their\nphysician immediately, and upon seeing him to see to it that that physician promptly sends in\nhis report to the Board. The workman is not permitted to change physicians without first\nreceiving the consent of the Board. It is also pointed out that the attending physioian is\nrequired by law to assist the workman in completing his claim form and without charge to the\nworkman, it being necessary on the part of the workman to carry out the physician's\nrequirements.\nSome considerable difficulty has been met with by reason of a general lack of understanding\nas to the limitations of the Act. Compensation can only be paid for cases of personal injury by\naccident arising out of and in the course of the workman's employment, together with certain\nindustrial diseases as specified in the Act, or such other industrial diseases as the Board may add.\nThe Board after very careful investigation and consideration have added to the industrial\ndiseases already specified in the Act those of sulphur poisoning, trinitro-toluene poisoning, and\ncedar poisoning.\nThe workman is urged to sign his name plainly and clearly on all papers and to always\nsign it in the same way. In the event of any change in the address, to promptly notify the\nBoard, because otherwise all communications would be addressed to him at the address given in\nhis claim for compensation. If at any time information is required as to the interpretation\nof the Act or the position of the workman's claim, the Board is prepared to promptly and\ncourteously answer same.\nScheme of Compensation.\nCompensation is payable where in any industry within the scope of the Act personal injury\nby accident arising out of and in the course of employment is caused to a workman, and its\nbeing sufficient to disable the workman for a longer period than three days. The workman is\nentitled to medical treatment for all injuries so received, no matter how trivial.\nIf an injury is attributable solely to the serious and wilful misconduct of the workman, no\ncompensation is payable unless the injury results in death or serious and permanent disablement.\nCertain industrial diseases specifically mentioned in the Schedule to the Act, as well as such K 12 Workmen's Compensation Board'. 1918\nothers as may be added by the Board, are treated as accidents and therefore compensable. The\nold defences of assumption of risk, negligence of fellow-workman, and contributory negligence\non the part of the workman are no longer applicable.\nThe provisions of the Act respecting compensation are in lieu of all rights of action against\nan employer to which a workman or his dependents are entitled, either at common law or any\nStatute.\nThe compensation payable: (a.) In the case of total permanent disability is a periodical\npayment to the injured workman of 55 per cent, of his average earnings. The minimum shall\nnot be less than $5 per week. (6.) In case of permanent partial disability the compensation is\na periodical payment to the injured workman of 55 per cent, of his lost earnings, (c.) In case\nof facial disfigurement, impairment of earning capacity may be recognized, and a lump sum\nallowed in compensation, (d.) In the case of temporary total disability the compensation shall\nbe that as outlined in (a), (e.) In the case of temporary partial disability the compensation\nshall be that as is outlined in (6).\nThe total number of accidents reported up to December 31st, 1917, were 12,684. Of this\nnumber, 217 resulted in death; 12,267 of these were adjusted or otherwise disposed of during\nthe year. The balance of 1,417 are oases that came in during the month of December and where\nthe reports were not all in or were being investigated prior to adjustment. There are always\nfrom 1,1*00 to 1,300 accident cases that cannot be adjusted until the reports are in or the necessary\ntime elapses in which to entitle the workman to payment. The average number of accidents per\nmonth is 1,140. During the past six months this average has slightly increased, due to the fact\nthat the workmen are becoming more conversant with the Act, and therefore are now making\nclaims where in the past they said nothing.\nDuring the past six months this Board has been adjusting claims where all information is in\nwithin seven days after the file is complete. This, we believe, is a record in prompt adjustment.\nWhere death results from the injury, the necessary expenses for the burial of the workman,\nnot exceeding the sum of $75, is allowed. If the accident results in death and the workman\nleaves (a-) a widow but no children, the widow is entitled during life or widowhood to a payment\nof $20 a month.\nIf the deceased workman leaves (b) a widow and children, the payment to the widow is $20\na month and $5 for each child under sixteen and each invalid child over that age, but not\nexceeding $40 in all.\nIf the deceased workman leaves(c) children only, the payment is $10 a month for each child\nunder sixteen and each invalid over that age, but not to exceed $40 in all.\n(d.) Where the dependents are parents, or other than the above mentioned, then a sum\nreasonably proportionate to the pecuniary loss of such dependents shall be paid, but not\nexceeding $20 per month to the parent or parents, and not exceeding on the whole $30 a month.\n(e.) In any case covered by the above referred to (a) or (c), if the deceased workman\nleaves a parent or parents who are dependents, an award may be made to the parents in an\namount not exceeding $20 per month, and not exceeding, with the compensation otherwise payable\nunder the preceding paragraphs hereof, $40 per month.\nWhere a widow marries again the periodical payment ceases on her marriage, but she is\nentitled to a lump sum equal to the monthly payments for two years.\nAn important feature of the compensation under the Act is that it is payable periodically\nrather than in a lump sum, and as a rule continues during disability or during life, as the case\nmay be.\nMr. Justice Meredith, in making his final report to the Ontario Legislature on the proposed\n\" Ontario Workmen's Compensation Act,\" says as follows:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\n\" The relief should be as far as practicable by way of substitution for the wages of which the\ninjured workman and his dependents are deprived by the injury. It should as a rule be periodical\nand not in a lump sum..\n\" The consensus of opinion amongst authorities on workmen's compensation is in favour\nof this principle. Wage-workers are, as a class, unaccustomed to the handling of large sums\nof money, and where compensation is paid in lump sums it is liable to be dissipated through\nextravagance or improvident investment. Experience in the United States and under the present\nEnglish Act has shown also that where compensation is paid in lump sums a much larger\nproportion is consumed in legal expenses than would be under a system of periodical payments. 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 13\nThe prospect of a lump-sum payment as the probable result of an accident is also a larger\ninducement to self - inflicted injury than the periodical payment of a proportion of wages.\nExperience has, in fact, shown that most of the proven cases of self-injury have been occasioned\nby the need or desire for an immediate sum not available by way of wages. It has been urged\nalso that the payment of the lump sum creates an inducement for the workman to live in\nidleness while his funds last instead of going back to work and earning what he can. Finally,\nexcept in the case of the death of an injured workman, it is impossible to estimate accurately\nthe extent of the injury. The fixing of compensation by arbitrary assessment on the basis of\nan anticipated period of incapacity leaves room for the danger that the period has been underestimated, and the danger equally to be guarded against that it has been overestimated. Both\nthese difficulties are obviated by a system of periodical payments. Even the English Act\nprovides for periodical payments in certain cases. Where injuries result in disablement the\ncompensation is in the form of weekly payments on the basis of half the impairment of the\nearning capacity. Provision is made, however, for the commutation of these weekly payments,\nand as a -matter of fact they are in most cases commuted. This, of course, nullifies to a large\nextent the intention of the Act, but some provision for commutation is almost indispensable in\nan individual liability system, since the obligation of paying pensions for a period of years\nshould create an intolerable burden for most employers and add to the insecurity of the workman. This latter feature was recognized in England by making provision for the purchase of\nGovernment annuities in commutation of periodical compensation payments, which provision\nin itself constitutes the embryo of a state-insurance system\", and the inclusion of the principle\nof periodical payments even in its attenuated form in the English Act shows how far the English\nAct has departed from the 'wergeld' theory, under which the damages payable for injuries\nwere regarded as commutation of the retribution which the injured person or his family was\nconsidered entitled to mete out to the injurer.\"\nWhere an impairment of earning capacity does not exceed 10 per cent, the Board may in\nits discretion fix the compensation in a lump sum. In the case of death or a permanent partial\ndisability or permanent total disability, upon the application of the workman or his dependents,\nand at an agreed amount, the Board may fix a lump sum by way of compensation.\nCompensation payments are not assignable, nor are they attachable. All questions as to\nthe right for compensation, and the amount thereof, is determined by the Board instead of in\nthe Courts. If any party feels aggrieved by reason of any award, the Board is always willing\nto reopen and hear any additional evidence that may be produced, so that in the end justice may\nbe obtained.\nThe statement most generally used by the members of the Board in advising those affected\nis \" that in so far as we are concerned a case is never closed.\" This course has met with\nuniversal approval and some have availed themselves of the opportunity so held out.\nWe have held many hearings, where the parties have had an opportunity of personally\nappearing before the Board. These hearings may be described as a people's court, in which\nevery claimant is his own advocate. Cases of distress are frequently paid on the day of the\nhearing. Where claims are payable monthly and the injured workman's family is in distress,\nand it is brought to. the attention of the Board, an advance is immediately made on account of\ncompensation. This is considered a duty, although it involves much extra work.\n(3.) Medical Division.\nIn order to make a success of the carrying-out of the terms of the Act it was essential to\nsecure the hearty co-operation and patient service of the medical profession. The filling-out and\nthe forwarding of reports under our Act is performed cheerfully by 95 per cent, of the physicians\nin accident, cases, and the Board will do what it can to see that such physicians are paid\nreasonably for their work, not for making out the reports, but for the professional services\nrendered injured workmen. The attending physician is the eyes and ears of the Board, the\nexpert on the ground, and the workmen must rely largely upon his knowledge and record of\nthe cases for adequate compensation.\nThe Board early recognized the absolute necessity of a medical fee tariff, inasmuch as the\ndifferent medical men placed a considerable difference in value on like services rendered. A\ntariff was finally agreed to on June 15th, 1917, and since that time very few difficulties have\narisen in the adjustment of medical fees. K 14 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\nThe medical men throughout the Province are required to furnish from time to time such\nreports of the injury as may be required by the Board regulations. They are also required to\ngive all reasonable and necessary information, advice, and assistance to the injured workman\nand his dependents in making application for compensation and in furnishing in connection\ntherewith such certificates and proofs as may be required by the Board without charge to the\nworkman. All medical men, therefore, throughout the Province have been supplied with the\nnecessary workman's claim forms.\nThe medical department branch deals with all medical, surgical, and hospital treatment, the\nsupplying of transportation, nursing, medicines, crutches, and apparatus, including artificial\nmembers, as may be required by the injured workman. It will therefore be seen that this\ndepartment deals with all medical men, druggists, dentists, all transportation concerns of every\nnature and kind, artificial-limb houses, etc.\nIn the event of a workman being injured the first effort made is to get him to the nearest\nplace where medical treatment can be given, and the result is that every sort of conveyance is\nbrought into action. Some of those who supply these conveyances and other Board requirements\nare inclined to be reasonable, whereas others are extremely unreasonable. The Board is generally\nlooked upon as a Government institution and that they should therefore compensate in a larger\namount than would be compensated by an ordinary individual. It is at times extremely hard in\nthe settlement of transportation and other charges to arrive at a fair basis of payment.\nA workman is entitled under this Act to the very best treatment available. He is entitled\nto just as good medical and hospital treatment as can be supplied to the richest man in the land.\nIt is necessary, immediately a workman is injured, that he obtain medical assistance if the same\nis at all available, and either the Board or a medical plan approved by the Board pays for that\ntreatment.\nThere are two means by which the medical aid referred to in the Act may be provided\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nnamely, by the workman coming directly under the Board, in which case the sum of 1 cent per\nday or part of day is retained from the wages of the workman. In the case of such contribution\nthe workman is entitled to all medical, surgical, and hospital treatment referred to heretofore,\nand in addition has the right to select his own physician, the discretion of the selecting of a\nphysician being entirely vested in the workman.\nThe other method is by means of an approved plan. Any plan which provides for medical\naid to the workman, and which is in the opinion of the Board found on the whole to be not\nless efficient in the interest of both the employer and the general body of workmen than the\nprovision for medical aid heretofore referred to, may be approved by the Board. This plan\nmust be sufficient in itself to provide all those things which the Board would had they the direct\nhandling of it.\nIt has been the practice of the Board to not approve any plan where there are a number of\nphysicians available. To do otherwise would mean the interference with the selective right of a\nphysician by the workman.\nDuring the year this Department has in all cases insisted on the strict carrying-out of the\n\" Ambulance Act.\" This Act provides that every employer of labour directly or indirectly operating any mine, camp, or construction-work or industries employing more than thirty persons,\nand being located more than six miles from the office of a medical practitioner, is at all times\nrequired to maintain in or about such industry or work at least one person possessing a certificate\nof competency to render first aid to the injured. The industry is also required to supply a good\nand sufficient ambulance box or boxes. The carrying-out of such an Act means that the different\nindustries now have on their place a first-aid man, together with a first-aid kit.\nBack Injuries.\nThese have a bad reputation. The workman quite properly looks at them with apprehension.\nUnder conditions prior to the coming into effect of this Act, the employers and insurance companies looked upon this class of injury with doubt, the medical practitioner with suspicion, the\nlawyer with uncertainty, and the Court with as open a mind as possible under the circumstances.\nThis class of case creates one of our chief difficulties. The workman is depressed by the fear\nof permanent disablement, the slow process of his illness, and the natural effects through enforced\nidleness. Many surgeons of the very best standing state that a good many alleged sprained-back 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 15\nconditions are undoubtedly due to rheumatism. From a perusal of the reports of other Boards\nit would appear that they have had a similar experience.\nThe Board is puzzled by conflicting and often contradictory reports of the surgeons and\nsuffer from lack of authoritative opinion in medical literature. It is only by a most careful\nexamination of the evidence in the file of each particular case that one is able to give even an\napproximate opinion as to whether or not the workman is suffering personal injury by accident.\nHernias.\nThese present another difficulty of real magnitude. Eminent medical authorities seem to\nagree that hernia may, though very rarely, be due to a sudden strain. Our Board compensates\nfor hernias where it can be shown that the same were caused by accident.\n(4.) Accident-prevention.\nThe primary purpose of workmen's compensation legislation should be to prevent injuries\nto workmen. All realize that no sum of money can compensate a widow and orphans for the\nloss of a husband and father. It is therefore much better to prevent accidents, retaining the\nearning power of the workman, than to have the accident occur and also loss of earning power\nensue with the resulting loss to the community. Compensation is at the best a poor exchange\nfor the loss of a limb, and the mere monetary award can never compensate a workman for a\nlifelong disability. Accident-prevention is therefore as desirable from an economic view-point\nas from the humanitarian side.\nTo evolve a proper accident-prevention organization it has been the experience of other\nBoards that statistics should first be obtained before definitely settling on accident-prevention\nplans. This Board, shortly after the starting of its operations, arranged by means of the\ndifferent Government Inspectors under the \" Factories Act,\" the \" Boilers Inspection Act,\" and\nthe \" Mineral Act \" to get a report from them on all accidents happening within their jurisdiction.\nBy reason of the workmen being the ones most interested in accide-ht-preventlon, and being\non the spot where the work in question is being done, and also realizing in many cases what is\nthe best thing to do to prevent accidents in their particular place of employment, we have from\ntime to time urged upon them to write us confidentially, making suggestions as to how best to\nimprove their condition, as well as to protect against injuries to their fellow-workmen. In order\nto further encourage suggestions from injured workmen as to the best course to be adopted to\nprevent against accidents of the nature of which befell him, a question was placed on his claim\nform in these words: \" Suggest anything you can to prevent such accident\"\u00E2\u0080\u0094at the same time\nadvising the workman that his suggestion would be treated as absolutely confidential and thereby\nassuring him that there would be no possible means by which his suggestion could reach the\nknowledge of his employer. The reason for such a course is quite obvious. Many valuable\nsuggestions have been made by workmen, and in the case of every suggestion the same has been\ncarefully inquired into and in many cases adopted. The different Government departments\nauthorized their Inspectors to receive instructions from the Board, and in every single case\nwhere a request has been made for a particular inspection the same has been made and a report\nmade thereon to the Board. In addition to that, the different Inspectors in reporting an accident\nto their departments send a duplicate of that report to this Board. By reason of the activity\nof the Board in this behalf many hundred more inspections have been made this year than\nhitherto, and it is generally conceded throughout the Province that by reason thereof very many\naccident-prevention measures have been adopted. This is but the start.\nRules for accident-prevention have been drafted by the Board for submission to public\nhearings which will shortly be held in accordance with the requirements of the Act.\nIt is provided by the Act that the employers in each class of industry must take care of\nand pay for their own accidents. Therefore there should be a strong incentive on the employers'\npart to reduce the number of accidents to the minmum as an economic consideration in addition\nto the humanitarian phase. In a large number of industries it is impossible to put the workman\nin the same condition as he was before the accident, provided he suffered a permanent loss, and\nwhich is also a permanent loss to the community. On the other hand, if the employers by safety\nregulations or safety methods can reduce the number of accidents, they thereby reduce the cost\nof the operation of this law to them. Some of the employers in the Province have their plants\nwell safeguarded and also have their employees organized along safety lines. In the last six\nmonths of this year considerable work along these lines has been perfected. K 16 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\nIt has also developed another peculiar phase of the situation. An employer who has adopted\nsafety measures is active in seeing that other employers in his class do likewise, and therefore\nit quite frequently happens that an employer takes up with other employers in his class the\nadvisability of installing certain safety devices, and in some cases have reported to our Board\nthe failure of some other employer in his class as not being active in that regard; in other\nwords, we find an active co-operation on the part of the employers in the majority of classes\ntowards adopting the most recent safety apparatus and devices.\n(5.) Statistical Department.\nStatistics are simply a collection of facts so selected and arranged as to bring out the\nbearing of experience upon a particular problem. For the better administration of workmen's\ncompensation laws it is therefore necessary to have an accurate statistical record of all accidents,\ntheir nature and their disposal.\nThe Board started'in August last and hopes to maintain a small but well-organized Statistical\nDepartment which will analyse claims to discover causes of accidents, and thereby present an\nopportunity of adopting safety measures which will prevent the reoccurrence of such accidents.\nIt would also further present an opportunity of promulgating information thereon, thereby .\noffering a constant incentive to both the employees and employers to adopt safety measures\nand devices. The information in the hands of the employers should fully develop the theory\nthat it is better to prevent accidents than to compensate the losses arising therefrom. It is\nalso necessary to have such a Department for the purpose of the settlement of rates. This\nDepartment will tabulate and promulgate information as to the relative cause of the different\nclasses of injury and thus keep the employees, the employers, and the public generally informed\nof the average cause and aggregate cost of industrial accidents.\nTo serve these ends accident statistics must be analysed by industries, by cause of accident,\nand by nature and location of injury and extent of disability, and must be so cross-analysed as\nto show the correlation of each of these sets of facts with every other. It is important to know\nthe number, ages, and relationship of dependents in fatal cases and the age and wage groups\nof the injured in all cases. It goes without saying, also, that the pay-roll exposure should be\nobtained from industries and the wage loss and amount of compensation and of medical aid\nshould be shown by industries by cause of accident and by nature and location of injury and\nextent of disability.\nIt will necessarily take some little time before this Department will be of much use,\ninasmuch as it is necessary for time to elapse to get the information.\nMerit Rating.\nIn order to introduce the merit-rating system contemplated by the Act, a complete record\nof the accidents happening in each employer's plant is being carefully kept. Rates may then\nbe equitably adjusted to the particular conditions of individual plants. This plan is designated\nto enable employers who have reduced the hazards in their rilants by the installation of safety\ndevices and by measures for accident-prevention to secure a proportionate reduction on rates\nthrough merit credits, and on the other hand penalize employers who neglect safety equipment\nin their plants and tolerate conditions dangerous to life and limb of their employees by imposing\na demerit differential in addition to the regular rate.\nGrouping of Employers.\nThe Act further empowers the Board to rearrange any of the groups and to set up new\ngroups at its discretion. Acting under such authority the Board has. created four new groups.\nThese are known as Class 13, the Provincial Government employees; Class 14, municipalities;\nClass 15, canning and fishing; and Class 16, explosives.\nACCIDENT STATISTICS. *\nTables Nos. 1 to 7 deal with the accident statistics for the year 1917, these being obtained\nfrom the finalled non-permanent total disability claims on which time awards were paid.\nOwing to the time taken up in organization-work it was found impossible to commence the\ngathering of these statistics until the fall of the year. It is obvious that only claims which\nhave been finally disposed of can be used for statistical purposes. 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 17\nTable No. 1 shows the above accidents tabulated according to their respective classes of\nindustries. The number of accidents in each sub-class is shown, together with the time awards\npaid. It will be seen that the total number of finalled non-permanent total disability claims\nduring the year was 5,483, involving time awards of $209,828.83*.\nIn Table No. 2 the duration of disability is shown, the accidents being arranged according\nto class of industry.\nTable No. 3 shows the nationality of the injured workmen, arranged according to their class\nof industry. It will be seen that 2,700 come under the heading of \" British,\" this being almost\n50 per cent, of the total. Canada follows with 732, and the United States with 380.\nTables Nos. h and 5.\u00E2\u0080\u0094In these tables are shown the causes of the accidents; one table\nshowing the mechanical and the other the non-mechanical cases. The injuries from mechanical\ncauses are 26.17 per cent, of the total number, and the compensation paid on same is 27.24\nper cent, of the total, with reference to these finalled cases.\nTable No. 6 is self-explanatory, showing as it does the average wage of all the workmen\ninvolved in these claims, also the average wage of the English-speaking and other races.\nTable No. 7 gives the nature of the injuries received, and the time lost in connection with\nsame. The average duration of disability per accident of each kind is also given.\nLIST OF CLASSES.\nThe following is a list of the classes, with the nature of the industries in each class, for\nthe year 1917 :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nClass 1.\n1. Creosoting-works.\n2. Lath-mills.\n3. Logging, including cutting, river-driving, rafting, booming.\n4. Pulp and paper manufacturing.\n5. Sawmills.\n6. Shingle-mills.\n7. Spokes, staves, and heads manufacturing.\n8. Travelling wood-saw.\nClass 2.\n1. Artificial limbs.\n2. Barrel-manufacturing, including stave-manufacturing.\n4. Brooms and mops manufacturing.\n5. Carpentering; shop only.\n6. Coffins, manufacturing.\n7. Cooperage; no stave-manufacturing.\nS. Excelsior and veneer manufacturing.\n9. Furniture, manufacture of.\n11. Pails and tubs, manufacture of.\n12. Picture-framing.\n13. Planing-mills.\n14. Sash and door factories.\n15. Trunks, manufacture of.\n16. Vehicles, manufacture of.\n17. Wooden boxes, manufacture of.\n18. Wood-working plants.\nClass 3.\n1. Coal-mining.\n2. Shaft-sinking only.\nClass 4.\n1. Artificial stone and cement blocks.\n2. Cement, manufacture of; no quarry.\n3. Cement, manufacture of; with quarry.\n4. Clay, gravel, sand, or shale pits.\n5. Clay, gravel, sand, or shale pits; hydraulic only. K 18 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\n6. Concentration of ores by water.\n7. Earthenware, bricks, roof-tiles, terra-cotta, or sewer-pipes.\n8. Gypsum-quarry.\n9. Gypsum, manufacture of; no quarry.\n10. Lime-kilns; no quarry.\n11. Metal-mining.\n12. Monuments, lettering and setting.\n13. Quarrying.\n14. Stone-crushing.\n15. Stone cutting or dressing.\n16. Smelting or reduction of ores.\nClass 5.\n1. Auto-repairing.\n2. Iron beds, manufacture of.\n3. Blacksmiths' shops.\n4. Bolts, nuts, nails, spikes, manufacture of; cold process.\n5. Bolts, nuts, nails, spikes, manufacture of; hot process.\n6. Cans, manufacture of; no hand-feed stamping.\n7. Cans, manufacture of; hand-feed stamping.\n8. Engines and boilers, manufacture of.\n9. Foundries, iron, steel, or brass.\n10. Furnaces and stoves, manufacture and installation of.\n11. Machine-shops.\n12. Metal, steel, or iron products, manufacture of; not elsewhere stated.\n13. Metalware, small, manufacture of.\n14. Ornamental-iron works; shop only.\n15. Rolling-mills.\n16. Sheet-metal works; shop only.\n17. Structural steel, fabrication.\n18. Welding; shop only.\nClass 6.\n1. Awnings, tents, and sails, manufacture of.\n2. Bakers and confectionery; no delivery.\n3. Bakers and confectionery manufacture; with delivery.\n4. Beverages and liquors, manufacture of, including bottling and delivery.\n5. Butchers, retail.\n6. Canning and packing fish.\n7. Canning and packing fruit and vegetables.\n8. Carting and teaming, warehousing and storage.\n9. Chemicals and compounds, manufacture of; not elsewhere stated.\n10. Cigars, manufacture of.\n11. Cleaning and dyeing.\n12. Cloth, clothing, and textiles, manufacture of.\n13. Coal and wood yard; operation of.\n14. Cold-storage plants; no teaming.\n15. Cold-storage plants ; with teaming.\n16. Creameries, including delivery.\n17. Drugs, manufacture of.\n18. Elevators, operation of.\n19. Explosives, manufacture of.\n20. Fertilizer, manufacture of.\n21. Flour-milling.\n22. Food products, manufacture of; not elsewhere stated.\n23. Grain, handling of.\n24. Glass, bevelling, leaded, or silver-plated works.\n25. Glass, manufacture of or repair of.\n26. Ice, manufacture of, including delivery. 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 19\n27. Janitors.\n28. Jewellery, manufacture of.\n29. Knitting-mills.\n30. Hand-laundries.\n31. Power-laundries.\n32. Leather tanneries.\n33. Leather shoes, manufacture or repair of.\n34. Leather goods, manufacture of; not elsewhere stated.\n35. Oyster-cultivation.\n36. Oil, refining and distribution of.\n37. Packing-houses ; with slaughtering.\n38. Packing-houses; no slaughtering.\n39. Paints, manufacture of.\n40. Paper, tarred, pitched, or asphalted, manufacture of.\n41. Printing, engraving, or lithographing.\n42. Rubber or rubber goods, manufacture of.\n43. Stationery, manufacture of.\n44. Upholstering.\n45. Wholesalers ; with teaming.\nClass 7.\n1. Acetylene welding; away from shop.\nIa. Erection of awnings by manufacturer.\n1b. Boats and small launches.\n2. Bridge-building, steel.\n3. Bridge-building, wood.\n4. Buildings, construction of; not elsewhere stated.\n5. Carpentry, structural.\n6. Dams, flumes, or reservoirs, construction of; with blasting.\n7. Dams, flumes, or reservoirs, construction of; no blasting.\n8. Dredging.\n9. Dry-docks, construction of.\n10. Electric wiring of buildings.\n11. Fishing.\n12. Floor-laying.\n13.\n14. Heating and plumbing.\n15. House moving and wrecking.\n16. Installation of boilers, engines, marine elevators, iron stairs, or ornamental-iron work.\n17. Installation of elevators.\n18. Irrigation-works, construction of.\n19. Lathing.\n20. Marine railways, operation of, including repair of ships.\n21. Mason-work.\n22. Painting.\n23. Painting high buildings.\n24. Parkmen.\n25. Pier-construction.\n26. Pile-driving.\n27. Plastering.\n28. Reinforced-concrete construction.\n29. Road-making; with blasting.\n30. Road-making; no blasting.\n31. Roofing.\n32. Scavenging or street-cleaning.\n33.\n34. Sewers, operation and maintenance of.\n35. Sewers, construction or extension of. K 20 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\n36. Sheet-metal erections.\n37. Steel-frame erection.\n38. Steel-ship building; shop only.\n39. Steel-ship building; away from shop.\n39a. Street-paving.\n40. Subaqueous construction.\n41. Tunnelling or well-digging.\n42. Waterworks, construction of plant.\n43. Waterworks, construction of stand-pipes or water-towers.\n44. Waterworks, maintenance, including new connections.\n45. Well-drilling.\n46. Window-cleaning.\n47. Wooden-ship building; shop only.\n48. Wooden-ship building; away from shop.\nClass 8. *\n1. Auto transportation; country stage.\n2. Electric light and power plants, lines and appliances, construction of.\n3. Electric railways, construction of.\n4. Electric railways, operation and maintenance of.\n5. Fire departments.\n6. Gasworks, construction of, and extension of existing plants.\n6a. Gasworks, operation of.\n7. Logging-railways, construction, maintenance, or operation of.\n8. Motion-picture machines, operation of.\n9. Police departments.\n10. Railway express delivery.\n11. Steam-railways, construction or operation of.\n12. Telegraph and telephone systems, construction of, including line-work.\n13. Telegraph and telephone systems, operation of.\n14. Theatre stage; operation only.\nClass 9.\n1. Navigation.\n2. Stevedoring.\n3. Operation of wharves.\nClass 10.\n1. Canadian Pacific Railway Company.\n2. Canadian Pacific Ocean Services, Limited.\n3. Consolidated Mining & Smelting Company of Canada, Limited.\n4. Dominion Express Company.\n5. Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway Company.\n6. Kettle Valley Railway Company.\n7. West Kootenay Power & Light Company, Limited.\nClass 11.\n1. Canadian Express Company.\n2. The Grand Trunk Pacific Coast Steamship Company, Limited.\n3. The Grand Trunk Pacific Development Company, Limited.\n4. Grand Trunk Pacific Railway Company.\n5. Grand Trunk Pacific Telegraph Company.\nClass 12.\n1. Canadian Northern Pacific Railway Company.\n2. Canadian Northern Express Company.\n3. Great North Western Telegraph Company of Canada.\nFATAL S, 1917.\nThe number of fatal cases reported was 217, and up to December 31st reserves had been\nset aside in eighty-four of these cases to the amount of $306,161.75. 8 Geo. 5\nAnnual Report.\nK 21\nCoal-mining Industry.\nThe number of fatalities from mine-explosion alone was thirty-eight, of which thirty-four\noccurred on April 5th at the mine of the Crow's Nest Pass Company at Fernie. In connection\nwith this disaster twenty-five cases involved payment of pensions and have been disposed of,\nthe reserves on same amounting to $99,594.46. The remaining four mine-explosion fatals occurred\nat the mine of the Canadian Collieries (Dunsmuir), Limited, at Cumberland, and in three of\nthese cases reserves have been set aside to the extent of $11,589.51.\nThere were six other fatal cases attributable to the coal-mining industry. Four of these\nwere caused by falling coal, one by derailment of coal-cars, and in the remaining case the\nworkman (a Japanese) was electrocuted.\nMetal-mining.\nThere were nineteen cases in this class. Five were caused by explosions of powder, five\nby fall of rock, etc., and three by falling from a height.\nLogging Industry. ,\nThe logging industry was responsible for forty-three fatals, but up to the end of the year\nonly eight dependents' claims had been disposed of. with reserves totalling $29,605.05. The\ncauses of the accidents in this class are as follows:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nRolling or falling logs 9\nCable or hoisting apparatus 9\nFalling trees 12\nLocomotive or donkey-engine 3\nDrowned by slipping from logs 3\nSuffocation by forest fire 2\nCollapse of bridge 1\nOther causes 4\nSawmills and Shingle-mills.\nThere were eighteen fatal accidents in this class, the causes being shown in the following\ntable :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nPower-saw accidents 2\nStruck by log-carriage 1\nShafting 2\nRolling or moving logs or lumber 5\nCables or chains 2\nFalls, burns, etc 6\nSTATISTICAL TABLES.\nTable No. 1.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-permanent Total Disability Claims finalled during 1917, showing the\nNumber of Accidents in each Class and Sub-class, with the Amount of Time Awards.\nClass and Sub-class.\nNumber of\nAccidents.\nTotal in\nClass.\nAmount of Compensation paid.\nTotal Compensation\npaid in each. Class.\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6\n1\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7\n2\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\n2\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\n2\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5\n2\u00E2\u0080\u0094 8\n2\u00E2\u0080\u0094 9\n2\u00E2\u0080\u009413\n2\u00E2\u0080\u009414\n2\u00E2\u0080\u009417\n2\u00E2\u0080\u009418\n3\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\n2\n530\n139\n511\n190\n7\n1\n1\n1\n7\n15\n61\nS\n46\n5\n67'\n1,379\n145\n677\n$\n5\n32\n31,516\n55\n6,516\n37\n15.345 18\n7,873 06\n114 07\n$\n38\n57\n39\n15\n75\n24\n182\n76\n289\n65\n1,765\n77\n144\n44\n993\n10\n81\nS9\n?\n29,747\n90\n$61,370 55\n3,610 57\n29,747 90 K 22\nWorkmen's Compensation Board.\n1918\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 1.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-permanent Total Disability Claims finalled during 1917\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nClass and Sub-class.\nNumber of\nAccidents.\nTotal in\nClass.\nAmount of Compensation paid.\nTotal Compensation\npaid in each Class.\n4\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\n4\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6\n4\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009410\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009411\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009412\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009413\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009414\n4\u00E2\u0080\u009416\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 8\n5\u00E2\u0080\u0094 9\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009410\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009411\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009412\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009415\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009416\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009417\n5\u00E2\u0080\u009418\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 8\n6\u00E2\u0080\u0094 9\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009412\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009413\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009414\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009415\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009416\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009418\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009419\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009420\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009421\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009422\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009423\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009425\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009426\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009427\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009430\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009431\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009433\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009436\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009437\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009438\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009439\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009440\n6-41\n6-43\n6\u00E2\u0080\u009445\n4\n1\n393\n1\n14\n1\n65\n24\n3\n2\n3\n1\n45\n13\n42\n1\n147\n16\n3\n1\n4\n1\n1\n1\n14\n12\n13\n57\n24\n46\n10\n6\n23\n1\n5\n16\n3\n22\n9\n5\n15\n2\n1\n2\n2\ni\n13\n2\n12\n12\n1\n12\n5\n21\n482\n306\n380\n2 75\n1,023 10\n75 47\n35 20\n20,195 18\n42 35\n568 33\n11 55\n2,893 21\n732 84\n41 48\n11 14\n34 45\n47 85\n590 48\n243 16\n2,259 04\n10 50\n4,215 24\n464 88\n48 20\n2 50\n41 09\n19 80\n$ 14 85\n38 95\n225 27\n247 82\n178 64\n2,046 97\n380 66\n1,751 67\n147 33\n38 96\n417 36\n3 03\n204 91\n385 05\n285 31\n875 99\n261 38\n84 81\n345 19\n23 65\n2 75\n29 89\n42 17\n7 65\n374 11\n26 98\n590 71\n222 11\n257 22\n26 97\n31 76\n274 12\n48 10\n304 78\n$24,847 14\n8,762 65\n10,197 12 8 Geo. 5\nAnnual Report.\nK 23\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 1.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-permanent Total Disability Claims finalled during 1917\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nClass and Sub-class.\nNumber of\nAccidents.\nTotal in\nClass.\nAmount of Compensation paid.\nTotal Compensation\npaid in each Class.\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 IB\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u0094 8 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009410 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009411 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009414 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009415 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009416 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009417 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009420 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009421 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009422 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009424 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009425 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009426 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009427 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009428 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009429 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009430 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009432 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009434 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009435 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009436 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009437 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009438 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009439 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009439a\n7-41 .\n7-^2 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009443 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009444 .\n7^15 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009446 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009447 .\n7\u00E2\u0080\u009448 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 8 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u0094 9 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u009411 .\n8\u00E2\u0080\u009412 .\n9\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1 .\n9\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2 .\n9\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 5 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 6 .\n10\u00E2\u0080\u0094 7 .\n1\n2\n108\n8\n4\n1\n26\n4\n17\n8\n1\n6\n2\n7\n14\n6\n3\n19\n17\n3\n38\n1\n5\n10\n1\n7\n3\n6\n49\n185\n6\n7\n6\n2\n3\n1\n1\n21\n262\n11\n1\n54\n26\n6\n59\n3\n9\n61\n2\n46\n239\n29\n188\n21\n372\n9\n16\n26\n1\n871\n232\n314\n11 00\n24 54\n4,527 98\n222 90\n184 08\n32 18\n677 50\n191 64\n1.280 34\n. 367 03\n23 93\n349 37\n35 09\n264 50\n587 52\n152 83\n65 53\n470 38\n725 00\n59 54\n761 32\n4 95\n140 33\n163 17\n6 60\n69 86\n238 98\n164 72\n1,333 75\n4,495 46\n202 89\n292 01\n125 76\n127 02\n69 72\n101 48\n20 63\n937 23\n7.333 49\n234 82\n121 36\n1.244 65\n626 52\n98 26\n3,700 63\n37 12\n1,307 99\n1,646 58\n65 61\n$\n1.707\n94\n9.220\n57\n674\n11\n6,559 20\n872 82\n13,003 45\n184 12\n309 02\n566 31\n633\n$26,842 25\n9,083 54\n11,602 62\n21,503 58 K 24\nWorkmen's Compensation Board.\n1918\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 1.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-permanent Total Disability Claims finalled during 1917\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded,\nClass and Sub-class.\nNumber of\nAccidents.\nTotal in\nClass.\nAmount of Compensation paid.\nTotal Compensation\npaid in each Class.\n11\u00E2\u0080\u0094 2\t\n1\n1\n11\n13\n51\n$ 3 30\n30 61\n379 S3\n11\u00E2\u0080\u0094 3\t\n11\u00E2\u0080\u0094 4\t\n$ 413 74\n1,847 17\n12\u00E2\u0080\u0094 1\t\n51\n$ 1,847 17\nTotals\t\n5,483\n$209,828 83\nTable No. 2.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Duration of Disability of Non-permanent Total Disability Cases finalled\nduring 1917.\nClass.\nDuration of Disability.\n9 10\n11\n12\nTotals.\nNot more than 6 days\nFrom 6 to 12 davs\n12 to 18 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n18 to 24 .,\n24 to 30 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n30 to 36 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n36 to 42 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n42 to 48 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n48 to 54 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n54 to 60 ,.\n60 to 66 .,\n66 to 72 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n72 to 78 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n78 to 84 .,\n84 to 90 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n90 to 96 ,.\n96 to 102 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n102 to 108 ,.\n108 to 114 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n114 to 120 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n120 to 126 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n126 to 132 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n132 to 138 .,\n138 to 144 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n144 to 150 \u00E2\u0080\u009E\n150 to 156 ..\nFrom 156 days to 7 months\nFrom 7 months to 8 months\nOver 8 months \t\nTotals\t\n88\n5\n40\n59\n375\n37\n166\n119\n200\n25\n139\n93\n171\n21\n92\n63\n144\n22\n61\n39\n90\n9\n38\n22\n76\n6\n30\n22\n41\n4\n25\n15\n34\n4\n18\n9\n19\n1\n6\n8\n28\n6\n13\n5\n24\n1\n8\n4\n14\n3\n4\n15\n1\n8\n2\n6\n3\n3\n10\n1\n5\n5\no\n4\n6\n1\n5\n2\n1\n3\n1\n1\n1\n3\n2\n1\n2\n1\n2\n5\n1\n2\n1\n1\n2\n1\no\n1\n8\n9\n2\n1\n1\n1\n2\n1.379\n145\n677\n482\n31\n96\n63\n35\n29\n8\n15\n10\n5\n4\n3\n3\n49\n105\n80\n35\n29\n24\n11\n8\n10\n10\n5\n3\n380\n102\n277\n162\n106\n60\n44\n22\n26\n16\n9\n6\n6\n7\n3\n871\n30\n54\n50\n28\n15\n15\n1G\n5\n6\n2\n1\n1\n2\n1\n1\n232\n27\n79\n53\n48\n2.8\n19\n12\n10\n7\n10\n5\n4\n3\n314\n86\n170\n139\n79\n43\n30\n19\n14\n15\n633\n13\nI\n14\n7\n6\n4\n2\n4\n51\n527\n1,495\n1,013\n686\n474\n301\n234\n158\n124\n78\n77\n59\n37\n40\n16\n26\n19\n12\n11\n11\n13\n8\n10\n7\n4\n3\n30\n6\n4\n5,483 8 Geo. 5\nAnnual Report.\nK 2E\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 3.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Nationality Table, Non-permanent Total Disability Cases.\nNationality.\nClass.\n10 11 12\nTotals.\nCanadian\t\nBritish \t\nUnited States ..\nItalian \t\nSwedish \t\nNorwegian\t\nDanish \t\nChinese\t\nJapanese \t\nAustrian \t\nSpanish \t\nFrench \t\nBelgian \t\nRussian \t\nDutch\t\nGreek ,\nMontenegrin .. .\nSerbian \t\nMexican\t\nPortuguese\nBulgarian .:. .\nNative of India\nNative Indian ..\nRoumanian\nSwiss \t\nGerman \t\nMacedonian . ..\nChilian\t\nNot stated\t\nTotals\n180\n400\n153\n46\n40\n25\n4\n209\n162\n20\n1\n2\n5\n58\n4\n\"l\n38\n9\n3\n19\nIft\n71\n9\n1\n1\n2\n22\n13\n53\n381\n14\n72\n3\n37\n14\n45\n' 4\n4\n26\n2\n7\n1\n3\n60\n171\n41\n.43\n42\n14\n3\n3\n18\n20\n7\n3\n25\n1\n2\n5\n19\n1,379\n145\n677\n482\n55\n208\n22\n4\n4\n2\n2\n1\n1\n60\n235\n22\n16\n2\n1\n2\n14\n9\n1\n1\n1\n10\n134\n577\n45\n35\n11\n15\n6\n2\n7\n3\n2\n1\n10\n38\n125\n26\n13\n3\n3\n' 7\n1\n1\n1\n1\n1\n4\n1\n1\n36\n220\n8\n17\n85\n281\n34\n126\n10\n4\n\"9\n3\n45\n14\n306\n380\n871\n232\n314\n633\n13\n51\n732\n2,700\n380\n376\n120\n73\n18\n303\n236\n138\n11\n12\n13\n148\n7\n31\n8\n30\n1\n43\n15\n6\n4\n8\n1\n3\n66\n5,483\nTable No. 4.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Mechanical Injuries for the Year 1917, Non-permanent Total Disability\nCases finalled during the Year.\nAgency.\nNo. of\nAccidents.\nCompensation paid.\nMotor-engines, dynamos, etc\t\nAir-fans, steam-pumps, etc\t\nGearing, cogs, etc\t\nSet-screws \t\nShafting \t\nBelts and pulleys \t\nCables\t\nConveying and hoisting machinery\nElevators \t\nCranes and derricks\t\nSlab and spelt conveyors \t\nRailway and rolling-stock\t\nCoupling cars \t\nFalls from trains \t\nStruck by trains\t\nCollision and derailment\t\nHand-cars, push-cars, speeders, etc.\nCoal-cars, dump-cars, trailers ....\nOther railway causes\t\nHand-brakes \t\n8\n3\n42\n9\n10\n34\n35\n183\n14\n64\n1\n20\n49\n52\n7\n27\n15\n181\n33\n4\n436 34\n99 88\n2.521 25\n770 63\n242 00\n1.592 37\n3,394 56\n7.677 96\n631 26\n1,922 67\n6 47\n936 11\n1,764 64\n2,207 40\n327 08\n1.505 14\n408 37\n7.672 55\n1,164 72\n101 06 K 2G\nWorkmen's Compensation Board.\n1918\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 4.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Mechanical Injuries for the Year 1917\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nAgency.\nNo. of\nAccidents.\nCompensation paid.\nSaws (power-driven) \t\nPlaners \t\nJointers\t\nLathes \t\nLog-carriages \t\nLive rolls, cables, etc\t\nCooperage machinery\t\nOther wood-working machines \t\nPaper-making machinery \t\nPrinting-presses, etc\t\nLaundry machinery \t\nTextile machinery \t\nAutomobiles, motor-cycles\t\nDrilling and milling machines \t\nDrop and other power hammers \t\nCement-mixers \t\nContact with grindstones, etc\t\nStruck by fragments of polishing-wheels, etc.\nBaking machinery \t\nMachines (not elsewhere stated) \t\nShipyard machinery (not elsewhere stated) .\nCan-making machinery, hand-feed \t\nTotals \t\n217\n48\n6\n33\n14\n25\n1\n13\n14\n9\n3\n1\n45\n74\n17\n2\n8\n13\n4\n61\n14\n22\n1,435\n, 9,758\n51\n1,418 96\n339\n79\n646\n91\n441\n93\n547\n96\n11\n00\n283\n01\n432\n53\n181\n51\n55 98\n3\n75\n1.482\n70\n2,559\n79\n476\n44\n16\n00\n186\n32\n64\n75\n293\n50\n1,931\n50\n337\n57\n306 24\n57,159\n11\nTable No. 5.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-mechanical Injuries for the Year 1917, Non-permanent Total Disability\nCases finalled during the Year.\nNo. of\nAccidents.\nCompensation paid.\nTime Awards.\nExplosives \t\nExplosion of gas, dust, etc\t\nEscaping steam, etc\t\nOther injuries, steam, etc\t\nCaustics \t\nExplosions, molten metals \t\nOther accidents, molten metals ....\nVats, etc.; not liquids, etc\t\nElectricity \t\nFire and heat (not elsewhere stated)\nFall from ladder, scaffold \t\nFall from machinery, trucks \t\nFall, collapse of support \t\nFall, opening in floor \t\nFall, hoistway, shaft \t\nFall on stairs, steps, etc\t\nFall on level, slip \t\nFall on level, tripping\t\nFall, jumping \t\nOther falls \t\nFalling overhead coal, rock \t\nSlide or cave-in\t\nFalling pile of material \t\nFalling timber, lumber, etc\t\nFalling trees \t\nRolling or moving logs \t\nOther falling objects \t\nObjects dropped by others \t\n9\n16\n14\n17\n21\n14\n27\n17\n22\n18\n159\n44\n146\n30\n1\n18\n259\n86\n35\n43\n265\n34\n55\n83\n24\n123\n311\n19\n347 88\n464 78\n578 85\n374 29\n614 05\n1,518 44\n1,284 76\n525 24\n1,235 31\n559 65\n7.272 62\n1,921 95\n5,610 48\n985 89\n21 10\n441 68\n8,269 72\n3,395 23\n1,022 68\n1,574 09\n14,092 71\n1,646 94\n2,057 04\n3,945 53\n1.581 41\n6,956 75\n9,676 58\n500 54 K 28 Workmen's Compensation Board. 1918\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. S.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Showing the Number of Fatal Accidents reported during 1917 and the Cause\nof Death.\nMechanical Causes.\nMotor-engines 1\nShafting 2\nCables 9\nConveying and hoisting machinery 1\nElevators 1\nRailway and rolling-stock 1\nCoupling railway-cars * 1\nFalls from trains 5\nStruck by trains 10\nCollision and derailment 5\nCoal-cars 1\nSaws (power-driven) 3\nLog-carriages 1\nDrilling machinery 1\nTotal mechanical 42\nNon-mechanical Causes.\nExplosives 10\nMine explosions 38\nMolten metals 1\nElectricity 3\nForest fires, heat, etc 8\nFall, collapse of support 3\nFall through opening in floor 1\nFall down hoistway or shaft 5\nFall on level 1\nOther falls 9\nFalling overhead coal or rock 12\nSlide or cave-in S\nFalling timber, lumber 6\nFalling trees 12\nRolling or moving logs 15\nOther falling objects 6\nHandling lumber 1\nLifting 1\nFlying objects 3\nAccidents by animals 2\nInhalation of poisonous gas 2\nDrowning 22\nAll others 6\nTotal non-mechanical 175\nGrand total 217 8 Geo. 5 Annual Report. K 29\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nTable No. 9.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Nationality Table, Fatals, 1917.\nCanadian 25\nBritish 84\nUnited States 12\nItalian 14\nSwedish 8\nNorwegian 4\nDanish 4\nChinese 7\nJapanese 15\nAustrian 3\nFrench 9\nBelgian 1\nRussian 13\nGreek 1\nSerbian 1\nNative of India 2\nSwiss 1\nNot stated 13\nTotal 217\nNAMES, POSITIONS, AND SALARIES OF STAFF.\nSecretary's Office\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nF. W. Hinsdale, Secretary $325 00\nMiriam L. Worswick, Stenographer 75 00\nAccounting and Auditing Department\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nF. J. Harding, Cashier and Office Manager 175 00\nGrace E. Tait, Assistant Cashier 65 00\nDouglas C'reighton, Accountant 150 00\nF. P. Archibald, Accountant 115 00\nMae Murphy, Stenographer 60 00\nMadge Collins, Stenographer 70 00\nAileen Tuttie, Stenographer 60 00\nBeatrice Williscroft, Clerk 65 00\nMarie E. Hirscli, Clerk 70 00\nWinifred Underwood, Stenographer 60 00\nClaims Department\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nR. Gardom, Chief Claims Officer 150 00\nJ. M. Armitage, Chief Claims Adjuster 125 00\nR. B. Fulton, Correspondence Clerk 125 00\nMaud Ledingham, Clerk 75 00\nAlma Irene Till, Stenographer 75 00\nBeatrice Fennell, Clerk 70 00\nEleanor Streeter, Clerk 70 00\nNorah L. Wilson, Stenographer 70 00\nFlorence M. Maxam, Clerk 70 00\nDorothy R. Brown, Clerk 65 00\nAda Small, Stenographer 60 00\nLillian Grassett, Clerk 60 00\nW. M. Meston, Claims Adjuster 100 00\nMedical Department\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nDr. G. A. B. Hall, Chief Medical Referee 300 00\nMadeleine Macrae, Chief Clerk 70 00\nIsabella Westwood, Clerk 60 00 Medical Department\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nMay, Sully, Clerk $ 60 00\nLinda Macrae, Clerk 60 00\nChairman's Secretary\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nOlga M. Freeman 80 00\nInformation Department\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nF. V. Bodwell 115 00\nStatistician\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nT. Maitland 100 00\nDepartmental Solicitor\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nE. N. Brown, Departmental Solicitor 175 00\nEstelle Abbott, Stenographer 60 00\nAuditors\u00E2\u0080\u0094-\nW. B. McDonald 150 00\nWm. McNeish 125 00\nT. P. Wilson 100 00\nT. S. Brown 100 00\nH. Mackenzie 100 00\nWm. Morris 100 00\nExchange Operator\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nHelen Fennell 40 00\nVictoria Office\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nH. Pontifex, Auditor 115 00\nMay Croft, Stenographer 70 00\nVICTORIA, B.C. :\nPrinted by William H. Collin, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty.\n1918. 8 Geo. 5\nAnnual Report.\nK 27\nSTATISTICAL TABLES\u00E2\u0080\u0094Continued.\nTable No. 5.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Non-mechanical Injuries for the Year 1917\u00E2\u0080\u0094Concluded.\nAgency.\nCompensation paid.\nTime Awards.\nFalling material, trucks, etc\t\nHandling trucks, barrows, etc. ...\nHandling heavy machinery \t\nHandling lumber, timber, etc\t\nCause insufficiently described \t\nLifting \t\nStruck in eye by piece of glass, etc.\nOther injuries by flying objects . . .\nVehicles and accidents by animals\nHand-tools \t\nHand-tools with other workmen . ..\nCaught on nail, etc\t\nCut on glass \t\nCut by axe or adze\t\nInjured by stepping on nail \t\nInjured by hand-saw \t\nInjured by pick, peavy, etc\t\nPuncture, splinter, cable, etc\t\nInhalation of poisonous gas\t\nLead poisoning \t\nAll others \t\nTotals \t\n1,470 64\n2,290 54\n6,190 70\n13,672 37\n170 88\n3,064 08\n13,502 21\n1,505 24\n2,628 06\n6,097 92\n910 56\n822 83\n290 17\n7.039 25\n491 87\n1,399 98\n1,050 36\n2,314 36\n177 83\n4,262 10\n10.241 49\n$152,669 72\nTable No. 6.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Wage Average for 1917 of 5,483 Non-permanent Total Disability\nfinalled during 1917.\nCases\nOf the total of 5,483 cases the average daily wage was $3 61\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 3,S11 English-speaking the average daily wage was 3 70\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 453 Latins the average daily wage was 3 70\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 214 Scandivanians the average daily wage was 4 02\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 155 Germans and Austrians the average daily wage was 3 81\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 588 Orientals the average daily wage was 2 65\n\u00E2\u0080\u009E 191 Slavs the average daily wage was 3 44\nTable No. 7.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Nature of Injuries, Non-permanent Total Disability Claims finalled\nduring 1917.\nNumber of\nInjuries.\nDuration of\nDisability.\n(Work-days).\nAverage Duration\nof Disability for\neach Accident\n(Work-days).\nCuts \t\nBruises \t\nSprains \t\nPunctures \t\nFractures \t\nDislocations ....\nAmputations ....\nScalds and burns\nInfections \t\nAll others \t\nTotals .\n1,117\n1,658\n579\n232\n674\n60\n137\n141\n701\n184\n5,483\n20.626\n33,040\n10,653\n3,466\n31,380\n1.888\n5.536\n3.092\n20,318\n4.070\n134,069\n18.46\n19.93\n18.39\n14.94\n46.57\n31.47\n40.41\n21.93\n28.99\n22.12\nAverage disability of 5,483 eases, 24.45 work-days."@en . "Legislative proceedings"@en . "J110.L5 S7"@en . "1918_V02_06_K1_K30"@en . "10.14288/1.0059734"@en . "English"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Victoria, BC : Government Printer"@en . "Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy or otherwise distribute these images please contact the Legislative Library of British Columbia"@en . "Original Format: Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Library. Sessional Papers of the Province of British Columbia"@en . "FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION BOARD OF THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31ST 1917"@en . "Text"@en . ""@en .