"b890cbb9-22e9-4c41-b92f-57c6125be6db"@en . "CONTENTdm"@en . "http://resolve.library.ubc.ca/cgi-bin/catsearch?bid=1209355"@en . "British Columbia Historical Books Collection"@en . "Annual report of the British Columbia Board of Trade"@en . "Victoria (B.C.). Board of Trade"@en . "2015-06-12"@en . "1898"@en . "\"Vol. 1-22 as Annual report of the British Columbia Board of Trade. Continued as Report of the Victoria Chamber of Commerce. Binder's title: British Columbia Board of Trade. Annual reports. Includes survey of business, fisheries, industries, and agriculture; surveys labour, immigration, trade outlook, and gives tables, statistics, and financial statements in appendices.\" -- Lowther, B. J., & Laing, M. (1968). A bibliography of British Columbia: Laying the foundations, 1849-1899. Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, p. 69."@en . ""@en . "https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bcbooks/items/1.0221840/source.json"@en . "102 pages : photographs, illustrations, map (folded), tables ; 22 cm"@en . "application/pdf"@en . " NINETEENTH\nANNUAL REPORT\nOF THE\nBritish Columbia\nBOARD OF TRADE!\nTogether with Various Appendices, List of Members, Office Bearers, Commercial\nCharges etc.\nOFFICE : BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING, VICTORIA, B.C.\nOCTOBER, 1898.\nINCORPORATED OCTOBER 28th, 1878,\nVictoria, B.C.\nThe Province Printing and Publishing Co., Ltd. Lty.\n1898. CONTENTS.\nOfficers, 1898-99 3\nCouncil - \u00E2\u0096\u00A0 - \u00E2\u0080\u00A2 3\nBoard of Arbitration 3\nStanding Committees . 3\nOfficers Chamber of Commerce, 1863\nto 1878 4\nLtstof Past Officers from 1878 to 1898. 4\nMembership Roll 5\nANNUAL REPORT.\nMining 11-16\nFisheries 17\n\ Sealing 18\nLumber iS\nAgriculture 19\nIndustrial Establishments 20\nExpansion of Foreign Trade 21\nOcea n Trade 22\nRailways 23\nPublic Works 24\nTelegraphs 25\nNavigation 26\nThe Canadian Yukon 26\nTrade Outlook 27-28\nAPPENDICES.\nImmigration 29\nForm of agreement with Colonists .30-31\n\"Wages paid in British Columbia 32-34\nAdditions to Library 35\nNewspapers and Periodicals on file in\ni Reading Room 36\nQuebec Conference 37-42\nAgriculture in British Columbia ....43-46\nExports from British Columbia .... 49\nExports into British Columbia 50-52\nDetailed Customs Statistics from British Columbia 53\nDetailed Customs Statistics\u00E2\u0080\u0094imports\ninto British Columbia 54\nImports into British Columbia for 27\nyears ending June 30,1898 55\nExports from British Columbia for\n27 years.. 56\nExports from British Columbia, 1872\nto 1898 56\n58\n69\n69\nProgress of Shipping\t\nBritish Columbia Shipping\u00E2\u0080\u0094Tonnage\nInland Revenue, Canada, Divisions\n37 and 38 59\nArea of British Columbia 59\nShipping, Victoria, t, 59\nEducation 60-61\nMining Statistics 62-67\nSalmon Pack by Canneries\t\nSalmon Pack by Districts \t\nThe Annual Salmon Pack \t\nSalmon Shipments\u00E2\u0080\u0094Detailed\t\nSalmon Fleet 70\nRecapitulation 71\nTonnage and Value of Fishing Boats\nand Material 72-73\nBritish Columbia Sealing Catch 74-75\nExport of Lumber, 1897 76\nList of British Columbia Trees 77\nStrength of B.C. Timber 78\nLand Returns 79\nGame of British Columbia ;. 80-83\nGame Protection Act, 1895-97 84-85\nMunicipal Statistics 86\nClimate 87\nRainfall and Snowfall 88\nMeteorological Register, 1896 89\nPostal Statistics 90\nPost Office and Government Savings\nBanks 91\nRevenues and Expenditures of the\nProvinces of Canada, 1897 9;\nCapital Invested in British Columbia 92\nScale of Commercial Charges 93-94\nRates on Storage of Merchandise 94\nPilotage and Port Charges 95\nPilotage Districts of Yale and New\nWestminster 96\nPort Charges, Esquimalt and Victoria 96\nEsquimalt Graving Dock 97\nEsquimalt Marine Railway 97\nATLIN LAKE 98\nPlacer Mining Laws and Regulations\nin British Columbia 99-101\nDistances to Klondike, N.W.T 102\nDistances to Atlin Lake, British Columbia 102\nILLUSTRATIONS.\nPHOTOS FROM LIFE.\nParliament Buildings frontispiece\nBranch of British Columbia Plums... 10\nFisheries 18\nRounding up Cattle in British Columbia 34\nGovernment of British Columbia $20\ngold coin, 1862 36\nBranch of British Columbia Cherries. 48\nAgriculture 50\nSchools ,. 60\nS.S. \"Islander,\" Victoria and Vancouver Route 61\nMining \t\nLumber \t\nYachting in British Columbia\t\nFavourite Camping Spot in British\nColumbia\t\nGovernment of British Columbia $10\ngold coin, 1862 '\nEsquimalt Graving Dock\t\nThe Animals\t\nDawson City\t British Columbia Board of Trade*\nOFFICERS 1898-99.\nG. A. KIRK, -\nW. A. WARD,\nF. ELWORTHY,\nSimon Leiser,\nD. R. Ker,\nA. G. McCandless,\nW. H. Bone,\nR. Erskine,\nCOUNCIL.\nJ. H. Todd, '\nH.HlRSCHELL-COHEN,\nL. G. McQuade,\nLindley Crease,\nF. B. Pemberton,\nPresident\nVice-President\nSecretary\nRichard Hall,\nJ. G. Cox,\nF. C. Davidge,\nEd. Pearson,\nW. F. Bullen.\nBOARD OF ARBITRATION.\nL. G. McQuade, E. G. Prior, Lindley Crease,\nR. Erskine, A. G. McCandless, Chas. Hayward,\nF. C. Davidge, C. E. Renouf, l,. Pither,\nGeo. Gillespie,\nJ. G. Cox,\nWm. Wilson.\nSTANDING COMMITTEES.\nFISHERIES.\nJ. H. Todd, M. T. Johnston, E. B. Marvin,\nW. A. Ward, D. J. Munn.\nMANUFACTURES.\nD. R. Ker, Chas. Hayward, W. J. Pendray,\nEd. Pearson, W. T. Andrews.\nHARBOURS AND NAVIGATION.\nR. P. Rithet, John Irving, J. G. Cox,\nF. C. Davidge, Geo. L. Courtney.\nPUBLIC WORKS AND RAILWAYS.\nB. w. Pearse, a. C. Flumerfelt, T. s. Futcher,\nW. H. Langley, W. F. Bullen.\nFINANCE.\nGeo. Gillespie, Gavin H. Burns,- A. J. C. Galletly.\nMINING AND PROPERTY.\nH. Hirschell-Cohen, F. B. Pemberton, Lindley Crease.\nAGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY.\nC. E. Renouf, M. Baker, Wm, Templeman. Officers of the Chamber of Commerce of Victoria, Vancouver Island.\nFrom 1863 to Date of Incorporation, October 28th, 1878.\n1863\n1864\n1865\n1866\n1867\n1868\n1869\n1870\n1871\n1872\n1873\n1874\n1875\n1876\n1877\n1878\nPRESIDENT.\nVICE-PRESIDENT.\nR. Burnaby Jules David\t\nC. W. Wallace Jules David .\nJules David James Lowe\t\nJames Lowe Henry Rhodes . .\nHenry Rhodes Gustav Sutro\t\nHenry Rhodes Gustav Sutro\t\nHenry Rhodes Gustav Sutro\t\nHenry Rhodes Gustav Sutro\t\nHenry Rhodes Gustav Sutro\t\nHenry Rhodes E. Grancini \t\nHenry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\nHenry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2Henry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\nHenry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\nHenry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\nHenry Rhodes T. L. Stahlschmidt.\nSECRETARY.\nA. F. Main.\nA. F. Main.\nA. F. Main.\nA. F. Main.\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummer\nRobert Plummefs\nOfficers and Membership of the British Columbia Board of Trade.\nFrom Date of Incorporation, October 28th, 1878, to July 10th, 1897.\nOct. 28th\n1878, to \\nJuly 3, '8o\n1880-I\nI88I-2\n1882-3\n1883-4\n1884-5\n1885-6\n1886-7\n1887-8\n1888-9\n1889-90\n1890-I\n1891-2\n1892-3\n1893-4\n1894-5\n1895-6\n1896-7\n1897-8\nPRESIDENT.\nVICE-PRES ID ENT.\nSECRETARY.\nP. P. Rithet, J.P.\nR. P. Rithet, J.P.\nR. P. Rithet, J.P.\nR. P. Rithet, J.P\nR. P. Rithet, J.P.\nR. P. Rithet, J.P,\nJacobH.ToddJ.P\nJacobH.ToddJ.P\nRobert Ward, J.P\nRobert Ward, J.P\nRobert Ward, J.P\nRobert Ward, J;P\nThomas B.Hall.\nThomas B. Hall.\nA. C. Flumerfelt\nA. C. Flumerfelt\nD. R. Ker\t\nD. R. Ker\t\nI G. A. Kirk\t\nWilliam Charles.\nWilliam Charles.\nWilliam Charles.. I\nRodk. Finlayson.\nRodk. Finlayson.\nMat. T. Johnston.\nEdgar Crow Baker\nThos. Earle\t\nT. R. Smith \t\nThos. Earle\t\nThomas B. Hall..\nThomas B. Hall ..\nA. C. Flumerfelt. .\nA. C. Flumerfelt..!\nC. E. Renouf. I\nC. E. Renouf.....\nGus. Leiser\t\nG.Leiser.GA.Kirk\nW. A. Ward |\nE. Crow Baker.\nE. Crow Baker.\nE. Crow Baker.\nE. Crow Baker.\nE. Crow Baker.\nE. Crow Baker.\nWm. Monteith.\nWm.Monteith.\nWm. Monteith.\nWm.Monteith.\nWm. Monteith.\nF. Elworthv..\nF. Elworthy..\nF. Elworthy..\nF. Elworthy..\nF. Elworthy..\nF. Elworthy..\nF. Elworthy.\nF. Elworthy..\nI Membership\n83\n69\n67\n83\n83\n90\n99\n97\n93\n67\n99\n132\n154\n170\n161.\n167\n173\n174\n175 Membership Roll.\nA.\nNAME. FIRM. BUSINESS.\nAnderson, W. J Builder.\nAikman, H. B. W Drake, Jackson & H....Barrister-at-Law\u00C2\u00BB\nAndrews, W. T Canada Paint Co Manager.\nB.\nBarnard, F. S B.C. Elec. Ry. Co., Ld..\nBullen,W.F.,J.P.,M.P.P.Esquimalt MarineRy...\nBurns, Gavin H Bk. Brit. North America.\nByrnes, George\t\nBaker, Col. Hon. Jas.. .M.P.P\t\nBoggs, B\t\nBone,W. H T. N. Hibben &Co...\nBeeton, H. C 33 Finsbury Circus\t\nBodwell, Ernest V Bodwell & Duff.\t\nBelyea, A. L\t\nBostock, Hewitt, M.P\t\nBrydenjno., J.P.,M, P.P.Albion Iron Works\t\nBethune, J. T J. T. Bethune & Co...\nBell, H. P\t\nBrown, George McL Canadian Pacific Ry..\nBaker, M R. Baker & Son\t\nBillinehurst, E. E B.C. Development Co.\nManaging Director.\nManager.\nManager.\n. Auctn'r. & Com. Mer.\n. Insur. & Gen. Agt.\n.Bookseller & Statn'r.\n.London.\n. Barrister-at-Law.\n. Barrister-at-Law.\n. Director.\n.Mining Broker.\n. Civil Engineer.\n. Executive Agent.\n. Hay and Grain\n. Agent.\nCroft, Henry Mining Broker.\nClaxton, Fred. J Dalby & Claxton Land Agent.\nCarmichael, H Assayer.\nCox, Capt. J. G E. B. Marvin & Co Ship Chandler.\nCoigdarippe, J Retired.\nCrease, Lindley Crease & Crease Barrister-at-Law.\nCuthbert, Herbert Auctioneer. 6 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nNAME. FIRM. BUSINESS.\nCassidy, Robert Barrister-at-Law.\nCanadian Pacific Ry.... Agent.\nCourtney, Geo. L Esq. & Nanaimo Ry Traffic Manager.\nCameron, W. G Clothier.\nClarke, Chas. E Harbour Master.\nClearihue, J J. & A. Clearihue Merchant.\nChalloner, W. L Challoner, Mitchell & Co.Jeweler.\nCohen, H. Hirschell Cassiar Central Ry Man. Director.\nCowell, W. J. R Vic. Metallurgical Wks..Man. Director.\nDunsmuir, James M.P. P.Union Collieries President.\nDunsmuir, Alex Esquimalt & Nan. Ry. .President.\nDavies, Joshua Auctin'r & Com. Mer;\nDupont, Major C. T Nel. & Ft. SheppardRy. Vice-President.\nDavidge, F. C Davidge & Co Shipping Agent.\nDay, Robert S Architect.\nDewdney, Hon. Edgar\t\nE.\nEllis, W. H Colonist P. & P. Co., Ld.Manager.\nEarle, Thos., M.P Merchant.\nEberts, Hon. D.M., M.P.P. Eberts & Taylor Barrister-at-Law.\nEwen, Alexander Ewen & Co. (Westminster).Canner.\nErskine, R Erskine, Wall & Co Grocer.\nElworthy, F B.C. Board of Trade Secretary.\nEarsman, John Earsman & Co Commission Agent.\nEscolme, JohnH B.C. Development Co . .Agent.\nF.\nFlumerfelt, A. C Ames Holden Co., Ld., of MtL.Man. Director.\nFoster, F. W (Ashcroft, B.C.) Merchant.\nFlint, A. St. G Insurance & Gen. Agt.\nFairall, H. S. Brewer.\nFutcher, Thos. S Merchant.\nForrester, J. L Paints, etc.\nG.\nGrant, Capt. Wm Ship Owner.\nGoodacre, Lawrence Queen's Market (Meat)..Proprietor.\nGalletly, A. J. C.\nGowen, C. N\t\nGiffen, J. B\t\nGillespie, George.\n. Bank of Montreal Manager.\n.Vic. Brew. & Ice Co., Ld. Director.\n.R. G. Dun & Co Manager.\n.Bk. of British Columbia. Supt. of B.C.Branches. NAME.\nMEMBERSHIP ROLL.\nH\nFIRM.\nBUSINESS.\nHiggins, Hon. D. W\t\nHarris, D. R Lowenberg & Harris.... Financial Broker.\nHayward, Charles Contractor and Bldr.\nHenderson, A Vic. Transfer Co., Ltd.. .Superintendent.\nHinton, Geo. C Electrician.\nHolland, Joshua Insurance Agent.\nHunter, Jos.', M.P.P. ... E. & N. Railway General Supt.\nHelmcken,Hon.J. S.,J.P Physician.\nHall, R. H Hudson's Bay Co In charge.\nHelmcken,H.D.,M.P.P..Drake, Jackson & H... Barrister-at-Law.\nHall, Richard, M.P.P Hall & Goepel General Agent.\nHenderson, T. M Henderson Bros Druggist.\nHolland, C. A B.C. Land & Invt. Agy. .Managing Director.\nHall, John A Victoria Chemical Wks.. Managing Director.\nHarvey, J. S F. C. Davidge & Co., Ltd. Vice-President.\nHanna, W. J Contractor and Bldr.\nIrving, Capt. J., M.P.P. .Can. Pac. Nav. Co Manager.\nJohnson, E. M Financial Agent.\nJohnston, M. T Findlay, Durham & B.. .Merchant.\nJones, A. W A.W.Jones & Bridgman. Insurance Agent.\nJamieson, Robert\t\nJensen, William Hotel Dallas Proprietor.\nJones, Stephen Dominion Hotel Proprietor.\nK\nKer, D. R Brackman & Ker Mill. Co. Ltd.. Man. Director.\nKeefer, G. A Keefer & Smith Civil Engineer.\nKirk, G. A Turner, Beeton & Co Merchant.\nKing, Chas. R Manfg. Agent.\nLoewen, Joseph Vic. Brew. & Ice Co., Ld.Director.\nLeiser, Simon S. Leiser & Co Wholesale Grocer.\nLubbe T Furs and Skins.\nLuxton, A. P Davie, Pooley & Luxton..Barrister-at-Law.\nLangley, W. H Martin & Langley Barrister-at-Law.\nLenz, M Lenz & Leiser Wholesale Dry Goods.\nLugrin, C. H Daily Colonist Editor.\nw\u00C2\u00BB..,\u00C2\u00AB-wuftM >.x ;.w j.^r.\u00C2\u00BB.\"\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00BBj*ir BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nM\nFIRM. BUSINESS.\n,... E. B. Marvin & Co Ship Chandler.\nNAME.\nMarvin, E. B., J.P..\nMason, Henry S\t\nMiller, Munroe Printer& Bookbinder.\nMara, J. A (Kamloops) Merchant.\nMunn, D. J (New Westminster) Cannery Proprietor\nMcQuade, E. A P. McQuade & Sons.. .Ship Chandler,\nMcAlister, John (San Jose, Cal.)\t\nMcLellan, A. J Contractor.\nMunsie, W Shawnigan Lake Lum. Co.. Manager.\nMacaulay, H. C Spratt & Macaulay Coal Merchant.\nMacrae, J. E Dodwill, Carlill & Co.. .Agent.\nMacaulay, Norman Shallcross, M. & Co.... Merchant.\nMilne, G. L Physician & Surgeon.\nMitchell, James Manufacturers' Agt.\nA. G. McCandless McCandless Bros Clothiers.\nMason, C. Dubois Barrister-at-Law.\nMcMicking, R. B., J.P Electrician.\nMorris, Walter Federation Brand Salmon Can. Co... President.\nMcQuade, L. G P. McQuade & Sons.. . .Ship Chandler.\nMore, A. W A. W. More & Co Ins. & Mining Broker\nMcKay, A.J Bradstreets Manager.\nMcGregor, M McGregor & Jeeves Contractor.\nMess. Bernhard C Findlay, D. & Brodie... .Assistant Manager.\nN.\nNicholles, Major John.. .Nicholles & Renouf, Ld.Hdwr. & Agl. Impts.\nNorris, Fred'k Sadlr & Harness Mkr.\nPatterson, T. W Victoria & Sidney Ry.. .Manager.\nPooley, Hon. C. E., Q.C., M.P.P Barrister-at-Law.\nPrior, Lt.-Col. Hon. E. G., M.P., E. G. Prior & Co., Ld., Hardware, etc.\nPendray, Wm. J Pendray & Co Soap Manufacturer.\nPearson, Ed., J.P Clarke & Pearson Hardware.\nPither, Luke Pither & Leiser Wine Merchant.\nPearse, B. W\t\nPayne, Robert Home... .Sperling & Co., 8 Austin Friars, London.\nPiercy, J J. Piercy & Co Wholesale Dry Goods.\nPemberton, F. B Pemberton & Son Financial Agent.\nPalmer, E. J Vic. Lum. & Mfg. Co., Ld. (Chemainus), Mgr.\nPike, M. Warburton Explorer.\nPeters, Hon. Fred Tupper, Peters & Potts. .Barrister-at-Law. MEMBERSHIP ROLL.\nNAME. FIRM. BUSINESS.\nRobins, S. M Van Coal Co. (Nanaimo).Superintendent.\nRithet, R.P., J.P R. P. Rithet & Co., Ltd. Merch't&Ship'g Agt.\nRedfern, Chas. E Manufact'g Jeweler.\nRenouf, C. E Nicholles & Renouf, Ltd. Hardw 're & Ag. Imps.\nRobertson, Arthur Martin &. Robertson.... Commission Agent.\nSpring, Charles Trader.\nSaunders, Henry E. J. Saunders & Co Grocer.\nSayward, J. A Lumber Merchant.\nShotbolt, Thomas, J.P Druggist.\nSmith, Thos. R Robt. Ward & Co., Ltd.Merchant and Ship'r.\nSehl, Jacob B.C. Furniture Co Manager.\nSpencer, C David Spencer Dry Goods.\nSwinerton, R. H Swinerton & Oddy Land Agent.\nSpratt, C. J. V Spratt & Macauley Coal Merchants.\nStemler, Louis Stemler & Earle Coffee and Spice Mills.\nScott, H.J Hamilton Powder W'ks. Manager.\nSmith, H M. R. Smith & Co Biscuit Manufacturer.\nShallcross, J.J Shallcross, Macaulay & Co... Merchant.\nStrickland, G. A Klondyke M'g & Tr'd Co., Ltd.. .Manager.\nTurner.Hon. J.H.,M.P.P.Turner, Beeton & Co Merchant.\nTodd, Jacob H., J. P J. H. Todd & Son Wholesale Grocer.\nTempleman, Hon. Wm. .Times Printing Co. Ltd.Managing Editor.\nTaylor, Geo. A Mer. Bank of Halifax.. .Manager.\nTemple, Ernest Hickman, Tye Co. Ltd. .Manager.\nVoss, J. C Victoria & Queen's Hot'l.Proprietor.\nW.\nWilliams, Robert T Publisher.\nWard, Robt., J.P 70 Basinghall Street London, E.C.\nWilson, William W. & J. Wilson Clothier.\nWarren, Jas. D., Capt General Agent.\nWilliams, B Land Agent.\nHW\u00C2\u00AB*J)?\u00C2\u00BBTT\".PIlg'WW! BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nNAME. FIRM. BUSINESS.\nWootton, E. E McPhillips, Wootton& B.Barrister-at-Law.\nWalker, Walter Coal Merchant.\nWeiler, Otto Weiler Bros Furniture Manufact'r\nWilson, John....' John Wilson & Co Commission Merch't.\nWilson, H. B Molson's Bank ... Manager.\nWelsh, E. E B.C. Market Manager.\nWilkinson, C. H 53 New Broad St London\nWard, W. A Robt. Ward & Co., Ltd.Merch't and Shipper.\nWoolley, Clive Phillips Barrister.\nYork, F. M\t\nMemo.\u00E2\u0080\u0094All members of the Board, unless otherwise herein shown,\nreside at Victoria, B.C.\nBRANCH OF BRITISH COLUMBIA PLUMS. NINETEENTH ANNUAL REPORT\nOF THE\nBritish Columbia Board of Trade\nTo the Members of the British Columbia Board of Trade:\nGentlemen,\u00E2\u0080\u0094The progress of British Columbia has been\nvery satisfactory during the past twelve months ; with few\nexceptions all branches of industry show substantial improvement.\nMining. Notwithstanding the'excitementcaused by the\ndiscovery of placer gold in the Klondike region,\nmining in British Columbia has not been neglected, and the\noutput of 1897 exceeded the previous year by 40 per cent.\nThe following table prepared by the Provincial Mineralogist shows the yearly output of all mines in the Province\nsince 1890:\nYear.\nAmount.\nYearly\nIncrease.\nPer Cent.\n1890 $2,608,803\n1891.\n1892.\n1893 3.588,413\n1894\n1895\n1896\n1897\n35\n3.52JC>102\t\n2,978,53\u00C2\u00B0\t\n 21\n4,225,717 18\n5,643,042 35\n7.507.956 34\n10,455,268 40\nWhen it is considered that in 1892 the total output of\nlode mines was only $100,000, against $7,050,000 in 1897, a\nbetter idea can be formed of the progress made in silver-lead\nand copper-gold mining.\nU'\u00E2\u0080\u0094--.:Wfc^*\u00C2\u00BB<^nf^^\u00C2\u00BB.i^ 12 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nSince the foregoing figures were prepared a steadily\nincreasing monthly output has been maintained.\nBritish Columbia mines now rank higher in the London\nmarket than ever before, and foreign capital for mining\npurposes is easily available for the purchase and development\nof properties upon which sufficient work has been done to\nenable mining experts to determine their values and report\nfavourably.\nThe wild speculation in the formation of mining companies, complained of a year ago, has disappeared. Many of\nthe properties are now in the hands of companies having the\nnecessary capital to properly work them.\nThe apathy which previously existed towards smelting\nores in British Columbia is fast disappearing, with the certainty that they can be treated profitably. In this connection\nthe following figures are interesting : 68,804 tons of Rossland\ncopper-gold ore, averaging $30.48 per ton, returned a profit of\n$12 to $16 per ton j 33,576 tons of Slocan ore, assaying 108.5\nounces of silver per ton and 45.7 per cent, lead, gross value\n$97.70 per ton, returned a profit of $50 to $55 per ton.\nWest\nKootenay.\nThe District of West Kootenay contributed\nover 95- per cent, of the output of lode\nmines in 1897. This is accounted for as much\nby the natural waterways and short lines of railway\nwhich open it up and facilitate the shipment of ores as by the\nrichness or extent of the ores themselves.\nTrail- In the Trail Creek Division, of which Ross-\nland is the centre, developments of the past year\nhave tended to confirm the belief in the permanency of the\nlode veins. Although the number of shipping mines has not\nlargely increased, the output nearly doubled that of the\nprevious twelve months.\nIt is well-known that many claims in this division are\nunworked at present on account of the low grade of the ore. ANNUAL REPORT.\n13\n.A very hopeful future for these is found in the following\nfigures : In 1894 the average value of the ore treated from\nthe Rossland camp was $40.69 per ton ; in 1895 it was $35.67 ;\nin 1896 it was $32.65 ; and in 1897 only $30.48 per ton.\nNevertheless, in the year last mentioned the profit was from\n$12 to $16 per ton.\nIn 1897 the average smelting charge was $11 per\nton, but With cheaper fuel, combined with the\nimproved facilities and larger plant now being completed,\nthere is a possibility of Rossland ores being treated at $7 per\nton. Add to these conditions a reduction in the cost of\nmining, and transportation expenses reduced to the lowest\npoint, there is a prospect of Rossland copper ore valued at\n$12 being mined at a profit. At present this ore averaging\nunder $16 per ton will not pay.\nNelson. Considerable development work has been done\nthroughout the Nelson District. The output\nwas principally from one mine, which yielded 47,560 tons of\nore, at an average value of $16.81 per ton, as follows: 20.7\nounces of silver, .04 of gold, and 3.63 per cent of copper per\n2,000 lbs. of ore. A dividend of $133,750 was paid to the\nowners of the mine.\nOn another property a ten-stamp mill has been\noperated. The value of 1,251 tons of ore was\n$9.25 per ton, of which $7.70 was saved in the crushings and\n$1.55 left in the concentrates.\nSlocan. 'pb.e silver-lead mines of the Slocan paid\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 about a million dollars in dividends in 1897, the\nnet production per smelter returns being 33,576 tons, against\n16,560 tons in the previous year, and 9,5i4tons in 1895. The\naverage value of these ores in 1897 was $97.70 per ton. They\nwere smelted in the United States at a cost, including freight,\nat $22 per ton, to which must be added United States duty on\nthe lead, cost of mining, sacking and delivering to shipping\nports; the profit was from $50 to $55 per ton.\n13Q>; mr^r. ws \u00E2\u0096\u00A0bjuass m K BSW 14\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE,\nIt is worthy of note that some Slocan silver-lead mines\nhave lately been transferred to British Companies, whilst\nothers are being examined with the same object. Claims\nupon which little development work has been done, and held\nat high figures, can now be bought at prices likely to be\nmore attractive to capitalists.\nEast Kootenay. There was not much increase in the output\nof East Kootenay mines, neither is any expected\nuntil the Crow's Nest Pass Railway reaches Kootenay Lake in\nSeptember next; but a great deal of prospecting has been\ndone, and many locations made.\nCariboo. T/he output of the placer mines in Cariboo\nwas small in 1897. The various creeks have\nyielded thirty-five million dollars since 1858 ; but the old\nsurface workings are now about cleaned up, and there have\nbeen no recent discoveries of importance.\nGreat efforts have been made to reach bedrock of\nthe principal gold-bearing creeks of the early sixties,\nwhen Cariboo was known all over the world. Shafts\nwere sunk 50 to 125 feet deep, but in many cases,\njust when the prize seemed within reach, the miners\nwere driven out by water. Attempts have continued for years\npast, but the great cost in transporting machinery and provisions has proved a serious obstacle. It is believed that the\nbedrock of these creeks can only be worked by draining,\nwhich will require an outlay of much capital.\nHydraulicing is a costly undertaking in consequence\nof the great distance between the gold-bearing gravel\nand water at the required elevation; and the shortness\nof the season during which the water has heretofore\nbeen available is also a strong factor against big\ndividends. In most cases where hydraulicing has been\ncarried on, profitable returns have resulted. ANNUAL REPORT.\nIn the Quesnelle District, exploration work is progressing by sinking shafts in the gravel of an ancient\nchannel. Bedrock has been reached at 275 feet, but\nis found pitching at the rate of one in two; sinking\nalong this bedrock is now proceeding. Should 'good pay\ngravel be found, the result will be the opening up of\nenormous works in these old channels.\nAnother scheme, the outcome of which is looked\nforward to with great interest, and will probably be\ndetermined before the end of the present year, is\nthe damming of the South Fork of the Quesnelle\nRiver, which it is expected will permit of mining many miles\nof its bed. In the past much gold has been taken from the\nbars and bottom of this river, but only a small portion could\nbe worked by the method employed. This dam will cost\nfully $250,000.\nDredging in the Upper Fraser continues, but there\nis little information at hand as to the result.\nMuch money is being spent in various mining works in\nCariboo, affording employment to a large force of men.\nForeign capitalists are watching these operations with\ngreat interest.\nVancouver Prospecting and development work has in-\nIsiand. creased in Vancouver Island, and it is probable\nthat shipments of importance will be made at an\nearly date. The ore veins mainly resemble those of Trail, but\nthere is free milling quartz as well, and a stamp mill is being\nerected at one of the'latter claims.\nFree Milling Free milling quartz is receiving more attention\nQuartz. than heretofore. It is known to exist throughout British Columbia, and two properties of that\ncharacter have been working profitably for some years past.\n' WlHliJJi JIWiWU\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00C2\u00BB\u00E2\u0096\u00A0-? s rw. ff\wir\nwwHijrsr BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nPlacer Gold. The districts of Cariboo, Cassiar, Omineca,\nSkeena and Stickine afford a very rich field tor\nprospecting for placer gold, and are now receiving the attention of hundreds of miners, who believe them to be as rich as\nthe country farther north. ,The climate is at the same time\nless rigid. Strong points in favour of placer mining in British\nColumbia are: The absence of royalty on the output, no\nclaims reserved for the Government as in the North West\nTerritories, and a license costing only $5 instead of $10.\nCoal. The output of Vancouver Island coal in 1897\nwas 892,295 tons, of which 619,860 tons were\nexported. About one-third of the coal imported into California during the same period was from these mines. The\nmanufacture of coke is progressing satisfactorily, 17,831 tons\nbeing the output of 1897. This is a new industry ; only\n1,565 tons were produced in 1895-96.\nIron, Etc. Besides the minerals mentioned there are immense deposits of iron ore of very high grade,\nmany situated near good harbours, with the fluxes required\nin smelting conveniently near; also quick-silver, cement rocks\nsuitable for making Roman and ordinary cements, white and\ngrey marble, and several varieties of building stones. Mica\nin large quantities, clear and of very pure quality, is obtained\nwithin a few feet of the surface. Gypsum, free of colouring\nmatter, has been located in large bodies. These minerals\nawait the capitalist to put them into marketable form.\nThe mining outlook all over British Columbia is excellent.\nLate development work in the shipping mines have brought\nto view large bodies of ore which alone assure a continuance\nof the monthly increasing output, and the completion of the\nrailways under construction, and those projected, will enable\nmany valuable properties to ship and swell later returns.\nThe cost of transportation and treatment is being reduced,\nwith the result that many properties which no one would work a\nyear ago are now operated profitably. ANNUAL REPORT.\n17\nThe prospecting work done in divisions not traversed\nby railways is most encouraging, and satisfies those best\nacquainted with the country that mining in British\nColumbia is yet only in its initial stage.\nClaim owners seeking capital should not rely too much on\nthese conditions, but should be encouraged to make extraordinary efforts to develop their properties sufficiently, at least,\nto satisfy experts in search for profitable investments.\nA matter deserving the attention of the Provincial Government is the re-staking of claims. A mineral claim is\nrecorded for a small fee, but to hold it, what is called \"assessment-work\" must be done during the year to the value of\n$100, or the claim may be held by paying this sum into\nthe Provincial Treasury. It appears that in some cases neither\nis done, but upon the date the claim becomes Crown property\nby neglect, a friend of the holder re-stakes it, and it is possible\nby such proceedings to keep valuable property tied up until\nthe original holder can find a purchaser. It is desired that\nthe Mineral Act be amended to meet such cases.\nFisheries. . it was expected that the salmon pack of 1897\nwould be large, but the total pack of 1,015,577\ncases, an increase of 58 per cent! over and above the previous\nhighest record, exceeded the hopes of the most sanguine. The\nincrease was almost exclusively from the Fraser River, and is\naccounted for principally by the hatchery established there in\n1884; the diminution of seals in the Pacific Ocean is also\nbelieved to have had a beneficial effect on the salmon run.\nA combine of the principal salmon canners in British Columbia was formed in December last for the purpose of preventing undue competition in the British markets. This has had a\nbeneficial effect, and has worked satisfactorily in the interests\nof all concerned.\nThere were no changes in the fisheries regulations\nlast year, neither was the recommendation of the Joint\nFisheries Commission acted upon for a common close 18\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nfishing season in the United States waters contiguous to\nBritish Columbia.\nThe Dominion Government receipts from salmon fishing licenses in British Columbia amounted to about\n$50,000 in 1897, whilst the total expenditure of the Department of Fisheries was not much over $10,000. The knowledge\nof these facts adds to the disappointment caused by the\nDepartment's failure to comply with the canners' requests\nthat salmon hatcheries be established on the Skeena and Naas\nRivers and on Rivers Inlet, and additional hatcheries on the\nFraser River. It was expected, further, that a specialist\nwould be stationed in British Columbia for the purpose of\nstudying fish life more completely.\nOysters and lobsters have been brought from the Fast\nand planted in British Columbia tidal waters, and the first\nreport of these experiments were favourable.\nHalibut and sturgeon fishing continues on a small\nscale, and until reciprocal trade with the United States\nis arranged, no very great expansion of these industries may\nbe looked for.\nSealing. The sealing industry continues to suffer from\nthe restriction placed upon it by the Behring Sea\narbitration in 1894, in which year the season's catch was 97,474\nseals ; last season the catch was only 30,410 seals.\nThe arbitration's award of $463,454, as' determined\nby Her Britannic Majesty's Government and United States\nCommissions, has been paid to the Dominion Government,\nand the preliminary steps are now being taken for its\ndistribution amongst the claimants.\nLumber. q^e foreign demand for lumber has lately\nimproved, but in consequence of the combine\nbetween the principal North Pacific exporting mills having\nterminated, competition is very keen. ANNUAL REPORT.\n19\nThere are ninety sawmills in the Province, with a daily\ncapacity of 1,693,000 feet. The wooded area is about\n285,000 square miles, and includes forty kinds of timber ;\n502,617 acres of timber lands are leased. The present\noutput of the lumber mills does not deplete the forest\nlands to any great extent, but there is considerable loss\ncaused by the forest fires which occur yearly.\nThe recommendation of this Board that all lumber for export be graded has not been carried out. The necessary Act was\npassed by the Legislature, but it has not yet been proclaimed.\nThis is to be regretted, as such specific grading would protect\nthe millmen and simplify the work of the purchaser when\nplacing orders.\nAgriculture. Agriculture in British Columbia never appeared more favourable for success than at the\npresent time. The increased demand of the past two years,\nand the good crops, have done much toward re-establishing\nthe confidence of the farmers.\nThe harvest of 1897 was especially good, and prices\nwere greatly advanced as the result of the mining\nactivity and the Yukon movement. As a consequence,\nstocks have been well cleared out, and farmers\nhave realized above the average. The acreage this year has\nconsiderably increased, and the weather having been very\nfavourable throughout, the harvest promises to be a bountiful\none. The hay crop, especially, is large, and the acreage\nextensive.\nThe fruit crop is not so favourable this year as\nlast, and the yield will be short. However, fruit-growing as\nan industry is progressing rapidly, and the home market is\nwell supplied. An outlet is provided in Manitoba and the\nNorth West Territories, and the export in that direction\npromises well, and is practically unlimited.\nThe canning and preserving industry is steadily grow-\n^ar*-^^ BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\ning, and affords profitable outlet for the surplus fruits.-\nGreat improvement is seen in the packing of fruit for\nmarket. From a commercial point of view, it is\nnoteworthy that the B. C. Fruit Exchange, in the\nNew Westminster District, and the Vancouver Island Produce\nSociety, with headquarters at Victoria, is each doing a fair\nbusiness on a co-operative basis.\nThe dairying industry is progressing very favourably. Butter produced by local creameries is preferred\nto the imported article, and finds a ready sale at\ngood prices. Commission merchants dealing in imported\ngoods state that they observe a very material difference in supplying the local products, and this is a factor with\nwhich they have to cope to a greater extent each year. The\nfact that imports in the aggregate have not diminished is due\nto the great increase of population and the extraordinary\ndemand created by mining development and the Yukon trade.\nIn all districts favourable to the dairying interest a greater\nattenton is being paid to this subject. On the Delta of the\nFraser River and at Victoria there seems to be a good opening\nfor the canning of vegetables.\nindustrial The capacity of the smelter at Trail is being\nEstablish- increased to 500 tons per day, and two lead\nments- stacks are being added. Although the plant is\nnot operating at present, the Company owning\nit is purchasing all the ore offering, and contracts for treatment are being entered into at a considerable reduction on last\nyear's rates.\nAt the Nelson smelter improvements and enlargements of the plant have been effected. A new copper\nstack has been built, which will treat 300 tons per day. The\nold one, with a capacity of 100 tons per day, has been converted\nfor lead smeltiner.\nThe Pilot Bay smelter has not run during the year. ANNUAL REPORT. 21\nAt present Kootenay is producing enough lead to\nsupply the whole of Canada; still all the lead ores are being\ntreated in the United States, the mine-owners paying United\nStates duty, $30 per ton, for lead contents on ore mined.\nCanada imports all its lead and manufactures of lead, paying\nduty therefor 40 cents per 100 lbs. The fact that two smelters\nin Kootenay, which have heretofore handled only copper ores,\nare now preparing to treat the lead ores also encourages the\nhope that ere long British Columbia lead ores will be smelted\nin the Province, and thus create the attendant manufacturing\nof lead.\nIn this connection it follows that a refinery must be\nbuilt in Canada.\nThis Board has asked the Dominion Government\nto increase the duty on lead and manufactures of\nlead to correspond with the United States tariff on these\narticles, in order to protect the new industries mentioned.\nThe shipyard and iron works have been very busy in meeting\nthe demand for steamers on Yukon routes ; in fact, every\nindustry has been more or less affected by the large number\nof gold-seekers which have gone into the northern country.\nThe disposal of fish offal has long received the attention of\ncanners, especially on the Fraser River ; this now seems in a\nfair way of settlement by the establishment of works for the\nmanufacture of guano, glue and fish oil.\nExpansion There are several articles imported into Japan\nof Foreign which should be supplied from British Columbia.\nTrade. While the demand for lumber in Japan is stated to\nbe \" enormous,\" the exports from this Province\nduring the past year were only some few million feet. Shingles\nalso are used extensively. As coke is imported from England and\nGermany, there is no apparent reason why British Columbia\nshould not monopolize that market. Japan also furnishes a\nmarket for barley for malting and other purposes, and hops,\noatmeat and breakfast foods, canned fruits, jams and jellies. 22 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nApples are in demand. British Columbia salted salmon\nalready finds a market there and shipments are increasing.\nExplosives are wanted for blasting purposes, and a good\nopening for business is reported. The foregoing are all the\nproducts of the established industries of British Columbia.\nJapan imports pig, bar, plate and sheet iron to the value of\nover seven million yen per annum. The development of\nrailway work in that country, China, Corea and Formosa, will\nadd enormously to the demand for manufactures of iron. It\nis therefore surprising that the iron ore deposits of British\nColumbia do not receive more attention. With proper blast\nfurnaces, rolling mills, and the usual attendant machinery,\nBritish Columbia should secure a large share of the iron trade\nof the Orient.\nThe forests of this Province are being looked\nto with the view of the manufacture of wood pulp. As Japan\nnow imports wood pulp from Germany and Sweden, there\nshould be a market for the pulp of British Columbia.\nA paper mill will be operated at Alberni within a few\nmonths, and will depend largely on export trade.\nThe Canadian Pacific Railway's steamships, en-\ngagedintheChina-Japan trade, have continued the\nregular service every three weeks in the summer\nand monthly during the winter. The very full freight and\npassenger lists have been maintained. The Northern Pacific\nSteamship Company have four steamships on the route, which\nalso call at Victoria regularly. The Company have three other\nsteamships in the China-Japan trade, with headquarters at\nPortland, United States of America. These will call at Victoria\nhereafter, as occasion requires.\nTrade with Australia continues satisfactory. The\nsteamships of the Canadian Pacific Railway give a four- ANNUAL REPORT.\n23\nweekly service, calling at Honolulu, Suva (Fiji), Wellington\n(New Zealand), and Sydney (New South Wales).\nRailways. The Crow's Nest Pass Railway from Leth-\nbridge will be open to Kootenay Lake, in September next, a distance of about 300 miles. The opening up\nof this line will be beneficial to Kootenay, giving direct communication to Eastern Canada and solving the great question\nof cheap fuel for the mines. Several mines in East Kootenay\nwhich have not yet shipped ore on account of the transportation difficulties will soon be in a position to add to the yearly\nincreasing mineral output of the Province.\nis being\nhas been\nThe line between\ncommenced, and\ncountry, a district\nThe railway between Rossland and Trail\nwidened to a standard gauge, and the line\nextended from Trail to Robson.\nRobson and Penticton has been\nwill open up the Boundary Creek\nhighly mineralized and likely to become an important producer.\nLocation surveys are now being prepared for the continuation\nof the line last mentioned to the Coast, towards the construction of which the Provincial Government has voted a subsidy\nof $4,000 a mile, one of the conditions being that the Company receiving it shall equip and maintain a ferry suitable for\nfreight and passenger cars between the Mainland and Vancouver\nIsland.\nThe local Legislature has also voted a grant in aid of\n230 miles of railway between Butte Inlet and Quesnelle, at\nthe rate of $4,000 per mile, but it is not known that construction will be advanced in the near future.\nFor some months past the attention of the merchants of the Coast cities of British Columbia has\nbeen directed to the building of a railway into the\nYukon country, via an all Canadian route, in order to\ndivert the Klondike trade into Canadian channels. It was\nthought that a short line, about 130 miles only between BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nGlenora and Teslin Lake, would meet the requirements of this\nyear, the intention being to utilize the Stikine River to Glenora,\nthe head of navigation.\nThe Provincial Government voted the sum of $4,000\nper mile for this railway and its continuation to some\ngood port on the coast of British Columbia-, which\nwould obviate the transhipment of freight and passengers at Wrangel in Alaskan territory, it being expected\nthat some assurance would be received from the Dominion\nGovernment of additional assistance which would induce the\ncontractors to proceed with the work at once. Parliament\nprorogued without giving such assurance.\nOperations have commenced in connection with the\nCassiar Central Railway. This line will start at Glenora\nand terminate at Dease Lake, a distance of about 99 miles.\nThe exploratory surveys are completed.\nPublic Works. The Provincial Parliament Buildings, the\nfoundation of which was laid in 1893, were\ncompleted, and the last session of the Legislature, commencing\nFebruary 10th, was held there.\nExtensive additions to the asylum at New Westminster were commenced, and gaols were erected in\nKamloops and Nelson in 1897. These constitute the most\nimportant works of the local Government.\nThe Post Office and Customs Buildings at Victoria, erected\nby the Dominion Government, have been completed and will\nbe occupied immediately.\nThe dock at Williams Head Quarantine Station is\nto be extended, for which purpose $6,000 has been\nvoted. Grants have also been made for improving\nNanaimo Harbour, the Columbia, Skeena, Kootenay and\nFraser Rivers.\nThis Board asked the Dominion Government to increase mss-\nANNUAL REPORT.\n25\nthe appropriation for the improvement of the channel\nof the Fraser River this year, believing it to be more\neconomical to spend a large sum in one season than to distribute the same amount over a number of years.\nTelegraphs. The telegraph service to Vancouver Island\nhas been greatly improved within the past few\nmonths. The rates also have been lowered.\nIn April last the Western Union Telegraph Company extended its service to Victoria, and intend\nto connect with points on the Mainland at an early date.\nThe Canadian Pacific Railway Company's Telegraph\nhas laid a new cable between the Mainland and\nVancouver Island, and has utilized the old cable as an alternative line via Juan de Fuca Strait.\nThe Dominion Government has been asked repeatedly\nto put the important station of Carmanah in uninterrupted connection with Victoria. Appropriations\nhave been voted for a new wire via Alberni. This\nBoard's recommendation that Esquimalt be connected\nby telegraph has been carried out.\nAn appropriation has been voted by the Dominion\nParliament for weather forecasts on this Coast. Such forecasts will be of great value to the increasing shipping.\nNavigation.\nLighthouses have been established at Pros\npect Bluff, at the entrance of the First Narrows,\nVancouver, and at Cape Mudge. Another is under construction on the Sisters in the Gulf of Georgia, and contracts\nhave been awarded for others on Egg Island and Surf Island,\nMillbank Sound.\nBeacons have been erected at Gibson's Landing,\nHowe Sound and at Welcome Pass. Work is proceeding at Brotchie Ledge, where a stone beacon with electric\nlight is to be established.\nlllWIWlUJJiJJ BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nNew buoys have been placed at Ripple Rock, Johnston's\nStraits, Dall Patch, Seaforth Channel, and at Kie-Kish\nNarrows, and at Finlaison Channel.\nOther aids to navigation have received the usual annual\nattention.\nThe chief engineer of the Department of Marine has\nrecently visited British Columbia, and it is understood\nthat other works are under consideration, including a light\non Fiddle Reef.\nSemaphore stations have been established at Little\nCanyon, Stikine River.\nOn the northern route and West Coast of Vancouver\nIsland, many important works have been requested for the\ngreater safety of shipping.\nThe Canadian The discovery of gold in the Canadian\nYukon Yukon country was reported at this Board's\nprevious annual meeting, and very soon afterwards it commenced to arrive by steamships from St.\nMichael's.\nIt is difficult to state the exact output of that\ncountry, but it is certainly large for the number of persons\nemployed and short season during which mining is carried\non.\nImmediately upon arrival of the gold there was a rush\nof miners and prospectors from all parts of the world, but\nprincipally from the United States. The majority of the\nnewspapers generally referred to these new gold discoveries\nas being in Alaska, and this, together with the fact that\nthere was an established trade between Alaska and the\nUnited States, induced the early argonauts to outfit and sail\nfrom the headquarters of the Alaska Companies. The merchants of the coast cities of British Columbia promptly made\npreparations for handling the enormous trade which had ANNUAL REPORT.\n27\nsprung up so suddenly ; steamships were put on all the\nroutes, and the business which followed appreciably affected\nnearly every industry in the Province. The heaviest traffic\nwas during the months of January to April, inclusive. Since\nthe month last named travel has fallen off, and at present is\nalmost nil, but it is believed that many persons who intended\nto go to the Canadian Yukon country are only holding back\nfor the results of the wash up of last spring. The reports\nreceived are very conflicting.\nTrade and Increasing interest and knowledge of British\nOutlook. Columbia has resulted in unmistakable expressions of confidence. The opening up of so\nmany branches of Eastern Canadian Banks, the extension of\nthe Western Union Telegraph Company's system, and high\nstandard of the Provincial Government securities and Municipal debentures, are worthy of note.\nThe Province offers numerous and varied opportunities for profitable investment, requiring only investigation by experts to satisfy capitalists that there is a\nrich and paying field for the employment of any amount\nof money.\nThe tables of export and import, appended hereto,\nshow the volume of trade to have increased annually, with\nthe past twelve months well in advance of any previous\nyear.\nBritish Columbia's contributions to the Dominion\ntreasury, now amounts to over two million dollars per\nannum, and is very high per capita compared with the\nother Provinces. The expenditure falls short of this sum, and\nlarger appropriations have been asked for increased aids to\nnavigation, harbour improvements, dredging in the Fraser\nRiver, and assistance to railways. Much disappointment was\nfelt upon the prorogation of Dominion Parliament without aid\nbeing granted towards the construction of the Stikine-Teslin\nLake Railway. Any railway which will open up British\nllMWUWHIIl .\u00E2\u0096\u00A0..\u00E2\u0096\u00A0lll.\u00C2\u00AB\n.^wm\u00C2\u00BB^Mt.MLpf.wfcj BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nColumbia and increase settlement, substantially benefits the\nwhole Dominion. It is therefore unfair, especially in the\nface of the large excess of contributions to the federal\ntreasury over expenditures, that the progress of this Province\nshould be retarded by the withholding of a fair measure of\nrecognition.\nThe statistical information presented herewith will\nbe found complete and, as far as possible, up to date.\nSpace forbids anything like a report which will do justice\nto the mineral wealth and other natural resources of British\nColumbia, but additional information will be furnished upon\napplication to the Secretary.\nThe Board will begin the new year with the largest\nmembership in its history, and the increased business\nwhich has lately fallen upon the Council and standing\ncommittees augurs well for its future usefulness.\nAll of which is respectfully submitted, this 15th day of\nJuly, 1898.\nG. A. KIRK, President.\nW. A. WARD, Vice-President.\nF. ELWORTHY, Secretary.\nNEW PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS. APPENDICES.\nREPORT ON IMMIGRATION.\nThe remarkable and far-reaching Klondike excitement, and the\nsudden falling off of that impetuous rush to the North during the past\nyear, completely overshadowed immigration in agricultural\" and other\nlines. It is likely that the Spanish-American war also tended to prevent people in the States from seeking homes on the Pacific Coast of the\nDominion, and also to reduce the number of enquiries by letter at the\nImmigration Office about British Columbia from more than a hundred\na month at the beginning of the year to less than fifty late in the\nsummer. Another revival, however, is now commencing in correspondence re agricultural lands and homesteads, and the market in labouring,\nmechanical and mercantile lines.\nRepresentatives from different parts of the States, wishing to form\nfree grant colonies of Scandinavians chiefly, are seeking information\nrelating to this Province with a view to selecting locations for settlement\nof numbers of these agriculturists. The latest application in this direction is from a Mennonite settlement in Texas, where the people are not\nin harmony with their surroundings or the climate of that part of the\ncountry. Both Scandinavians and Mennonites, after undergoing a\nspecial training on United States Government lands, are likely to prove\nvery acceptable and industrious settlers.\nOf the three free grant colonies already established, the Danish one\nat Cape Scott, although the youngest, seems to be working the most\nenergetically in getting their holdings under cultivation. The Bella\nCoola and Quatsino Norwegians, instead of devoting all their time and\nlabour to clearing land, spend too much of both at the salmon canneries and prospecting for minerals. With all the governmental\nexpenditure in these settlements, of which the people have received\nnearly the exclusive benefit, they should all of them at this date not\nonly raise produce and stock enough to keep themselves and families,\nbut have considerable for marketing in the most available centres of\npopulation.\nThat the climate and soil of the northern end of Vancouver Island\nare most favourable for agricultural purposes is abundantly proven by\nproduce recently sent down by Mr. H. Varney, who has been less than\ntwo years at Quatsino; while Bella Coola Valley is even more fertile,\nthough subject to heavier snowfall and greater extremes of temperature.\nOctober 14th, i\u00C2\u00A3\nJOHN JESSOP,\nImmigration Agent.\n*>nm * m? i bx. : -1 ^m*n\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 iwmnwKwwji 30\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nForm oe Agreement made Between the Government of British\nColumbia and Colonists.\nThis Indenture made the day of A.D. 189 .\nBetween the Minister of Immigration for the Province of British Columbia, acting under authority of an Order of the Lieutenant-Governor-\nin-Council, approved on the day of\n189 , (hereinafter called the Grantor) of the first part,\nand (hereinafter called the Grantee) of\nthe second part;\nWhereas the Grantee is a member of a group of intending settlers\nin British Columbia, which includes thirty or more families, who, with\ntheir families, are hereinafter referred to as the \"Colony,\" and the\nLieutenant-Governor-in-Council, for the purpose of encouraging immigration, has agreed to make a free grant from the public lands of the\nProvince to each head of a family in the said Colony, upon the conditions hereinafter mentioned, which conditions have been accepted by\nthe Grantee, as well as by the whole Colony.\nNow, therefore, this Indenture witnesseth that in consideration of\nthe performance by the Grantee of the covenants and stipulations to be\nobserved and performed by and on the part of the said Grantee, the said\nGrantor, acting herein on behalf of the Lieutenant-Governor-in-Council,\nas aforesaid, and as far as the Crown hath power to grant the same, but\nnot further or otherwise, doth hereby covenant and agree upon the\ntermination of five years from the date hereof that the said Grantee\nshall receive a Crown grant of all and singular that certain piece or\nparcel of land, lying and being in the District of\nin the Province of British Columbia, and being composed of\nlot number , in said District, containing by admeasurement\nacres of land, be the same more or less, and which may be\nmore particularly described as follows:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nWhich said grant shall be subject to and in the form provided by\nthe Land Laws of the Province for the time being in force.\nAnd the said Grantee doth hereby for himself, his executors,\nadministrators and assigns, covenant with the said Grantor in manner\nfollowing; that is to say :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nThat the said Grantee possesses in cash the sum of three hundred\ndollars, and is worth that sum over and above what will pay and after\npayment of all just debts of the said Grantee.\nThat the said Grantee will, within from the date\nhereof, enter upon the said land and bona fide occupy and improve the APPENDICES.\nsame to the satisfaction of the Grantor, and will continue to reside\nthereon with his family and to occupy and improve the same during the\nterm of five years from now next ensuing.\nThat the said Grantee shall, at the termination of the said period of\nfive years from the date hereof, have made improvements upon the said\nland to the value of five dollars per acre thereof.\nThat the Grantor may at any time during the said five years, by\nhimself, his servants or agents, enter upon the premises and view the\nstate of the property and the improvements theretofore made.\nThat the Grantee will observe and obey all such reasonable rules\nand regulations as may be made by the representatives or managers of\nthe said Colony for its good government and internal administration,\nprovided the said rules and regulations have been first submitted to and\napproved by the Grantor.\nThat the Crown grant herein provided for shall be conditional upon\nthe continued residence and performance of the conditions of similar\nleases, issued concurrently herewith, by the other members of the\nColony to the number of not less than thirty, it being the intention that\nthe said Colony shall remain entire and be of a number of not less than\nthirty at the conclusion of the period of five years when the issue of\nCrown grants is provided for.\nProvided that in case of non-performance by the Grantee or by the\nColony of the terms of this agreement to his satisfaction, the Grantor\nmay, by notice published in the British Columbia Gazette, cancel this\nagreement and enter upon the aforesaid premises.\nAnd the Grantor hereby covenants that so soon as each member of\nthe Colony, to the number of thirty in all, has erected a dwelling-house\nupon the land comprised in the respective leases, or so soon as the said\nGrantor has satified himself of the bona fide settlement of the Colony\nupon the lands allotted to the members thereof, there will be made and\nconstructed a waggon road through the land occupied by the Colony.\nMIW^IW BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nWEEKLY WAGES.\nBUSINESS.\nForemen.\nBookkeepers.\nClerks.\nJourney\nmen\n$25 00 to $35 00\n25 00\nl8 00 H 20 00\n25 00\n$20 00 to $30 00\n20 00 y 25 00\n18 00 & 25 00\n20 00\n$10 00 to $20 00|\n18 ooj\n\u00C2\u00A315 00 to\n15 00 \"\n15 00 \"\n15 00 &\n15 00 &\n$21 00\niS 00\n18 00\n12 00 \" l8 OOi\n18 00\nBlacksmiths and Car-\n18 00\n21 00\n28 00\n20 Od\n25 00\n20 00 \" 25 00\n25 00\n25 00\n30 00\n15 00 *' 18 00\nBoot and Shoe Factory\nCooperage \"Works\t\n23 00\n15 00\n25 00\n15 00 \" 18 00\n20 00\n15 00 a 20 00\n15 00\n12 00 \"\n15 00 B\n15 00 |\n16 00 I\n15 00 \"\n15 00 \"\n18 00 \"\n18 00\n15 00 \" 20 00\n18 00\n20 00\n20 00\nBuilding andCon tract-\n18 00\n20 00 \" 25 00\n20 00\n23 00 1 28 00\n15 00 \" 20 00\n15 00 \" 20 OO\nto Ol O1O1\n0000\nO O Q O\nO 01 to \u00E2\u0080\u00A2\nO 0 0 '\nO O 0 1\nw to >-\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 \u00E2\u0080\u00A2\nOOO'\n15 00 \"\n18 00\nDry Goods\t\nGeneral Stores\t\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal to demand in all lines.\nSPECIAL TRADES.\nOccupation.\nWages Paid.\nMillers (flour) per day|$\nFiremen \"\nHorseshoers \"\nCarriage Painters \"\nCarpenters \"\nSawyers (saw mill) weekly\nMachinists (saw mill) \"\nStablemen (saw mill) monthly\nMates I\nEngineers per day\nBlacksmiths \"\nWheelwrights \"\nCabinetmakers \"\nFilers (saw mill) weekly.\nEngineers (saw mill) \"\nTallymen (saw mill) \"\nCaptains monthly\nWaiters \"\n$ 2\n50\nto $ 4 50\n2 00\n3 25\n3 00\n3 00\n27 00\n15 \u00C2\u00B0o\n50 00\n85\n00\nI 120 00\n3\n00\n3 50\n2\n75\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 3 00\n3 00\n2\n5\u00C2\u00B0\n\" 3 00\n36 00\n15 00\n15 0\u00C2\u00B0\n100\n00\n\" 175 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\n35\n00\n\" 50 00\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal to demand in all lines.\nIt may be stated to those seeking employment as clerks, bookkeepers, and in secretarial and general office capacities, there is a\nsurplus, and emoluments are proportionately limited. APPENDICES.\n33\nVictoria Typographical Union, No. 201\u00E2\u0080\u0094Day-work: Foremen, $23\nper week; time work, $20 per week of fifty three hours; piece-work,\nbook, 42j^c, news, 40c. per 1,000 ems; linotype operators, $3.50 per day\nof eight hours. Night work : Foremen, $28 per week ; piece work,\n42jS^c. per 1,000 ems ; linotype operators, $4.25 per night of eight hours.\nInternational Iron Moulders' Union, No. 144\u00E2\u0080\u009413.25 and $3.50 per\nday of ten hours.\nLocal Union of Shipwrights and Caulkers\u00E2\u0080\u0094$4.00 per day of nine\nhours.\nNo. 492, Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners\u00E2\u0080\u0094$2.50 to\n$3.00 per day of nine hours.\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal to demand in all lines.\nRAILWAY EMPLOYEES.\nSalaries vary very much, and it is difficult to obtain accurate returns\nin every instance. However, the following will be found approximately\ncorrect:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nOccupation.\nPer Month.\nOperators\t\n$ 60 00 to $125 00\n85 00 \" 125 00\n40 \" 60 00\n90 OO \" no OO\n100 I 135 OO\n65 00 \" 90 00\n50 00 \" 85 00\n50 00 \" 75 00\n25 00 \" 65 00\n50 00 \" 65 00\nConductors\t\nDrivers \t\nPirp-mpTi . ,\nBrakemen\t\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal to demand in all lines.\nThe above does not include, of course, first-class clerks and specialists in various departments who receive emoluments according to\nresponsibility and work attached to office, usually on a liberal scale.\nDOMESTIC HELP.\nOccupation,\nEtc.\nPer Month.\n$ 10 00 to $ 25 00\n25 00 \" 35 00\n15 00 \" 20 00\n6 00 \" 15 00\n20 00 \" 30 00\n15 00 \" 25 00\n* Good demand at all times. BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nTeachers' salaries range from $60 to $100 per month, according to\nlocation and position held.\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal if not in excess of demand.\nVANCOUVER TRADES.\noccupation.\nMachinists\t\nMoulders\t\nBoilermakers\t\nCabinetmakers (no union)\t\nUpholsterers (no union)\t\nCarpenters\t\nI (C.P.R. shops)\t\nBricklayers I\t\nStonemasons and Cutters, same as Victoria\t\nBuilders' Labourers\t\nPainters\t\nBakers per month 12 to 18\nDeck hands (including board) \" \"\nMates \" I\nS.S. Firemen \" j\nTailors\t\nJob Printers\t\nOperators\u00E2\u0080\u0094Printers\t\nEvening Papers\t\nMorning Papers\t\nMotormen and Conductors on Tram Cars per hour\nWages Paid.\n$ 2 75 to $ :\n2 25 to\n2 00\n20 00\n2 75\n3 25\n2 50\n2 50\n3 75\n2 50\n3 35\n2 25\n3 00\n35 00\n40 00\n50 00\n40 00\n3 00\n3 5\u00C2\u00B0\n3 60\n3 75\nNote\u00E2\u0080\u0094Supply equal to demand in all lines.\nBOARD.\nExclusive of regular board at high-class hotels, which is about $60\nper month, first-class board is about $8.00 to $9.00 per week ; second-\nclass, $5.00 to $6.00; third-class, $3.50 to $4.50. Transient rates in\nhotels vary according to class from first, $3.00 to $5.00 per day; second,\n$2.00 to $2.50; third, $1.00 to $1.50.\nROUNDING UP CATTLE. APPENDICES.\n35\nADDITIONS TO LIBRARY.\nBoard of Trade, Montreal, Annual Report 1897\n\" Toronto, Ont., \" \" 1897\n\" Peoria, \" \" j.897\nChamber of Commerce, Freemautle, \" \" 1897\nGeorgetown, \" \" 1896-7\n\" \" Sydney, \" \" 1896-7\n\" Port Elizabeth, \" \" 1896\nI \" Milwaukee, \" \" 1896-7\n\" \" Charters Towers,\" \" 1896-7\nNapier, \" - \" 1897\n\" \" Canterbury, \" \" 1897\n\" Trinidad, \" \" 1897\n\" \" Seattle, \" \" 1897\n\" \" Montreal, \" \" 1897\n\" \" San Francisco, \" \" 1897\n\" \" Rockhampton, \" \" 1897\nI \" Newcastle, \" \" 1897\n\" Egypt, \" \" 1897\n\" I Port of Farnmouth, \" \" 1897\nPort Elizabeth. \" \" ..: 1897\nProvincial Librarian. Vancouver Board of Trade Report 1897\nDominion Government, by request of Thomas Earle, Esq., M.P.,\nDominion Government Blue Books and Sessional Papers (as\npublished).\nProvincial Government. All reports, Sessional Papers and Gazette\n(as published).\nBritish Columbia Fruit-Growers. Seventh Report.\nQueensland Government. Acts relating to mining in Queensland.\nWest Australian Government. Imports and exports into and\nfrom West Australia 1892-6\nFiji Government. Handbook to Fiji.\nChamber of Commerce, Melbourne. Directory of Melbourne.\nS. Sbimiza. Report of foreign trade for Japan 1897\nThomas Earle. The Canadian Live Stock Annual 1898\n\" \" Statistical Year-Book 1896\nR. E. Preston. Reports of the Director of the Mint, Washington. D.C 1896-8\nMinister of Trade and Commerce. Tariffs of different nations.. 1897-8\nHydrographic Office, Port Townsend, Wash. Monthly Charts\nof Pacific Ocean.\nE. Baynes Reed, Esq. Weather Maps, monthly. 36\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nLIST OF NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS ON FILE IN\nREADING ROOM.\nDAILIES.\nThe Colonist Victoria, B'. C. The Globe Toronto, Ont.\nTheTimes | | The Star Montreal, Que.\"\nThe World Vancouver, B. C.\nWEEKLIES.\nB. C. Gazette Victoria, B. C.\nMiner Nelson, B. C.\nMiner Rossland, B. C,\nTrade Review Montreal, Que.\nWinnipeg Free Press Winnipeg, Man.\nColonies and India London, Eng.\nStatist I\nFinancial News \" \"\nEmpire London, Eng.\nTimes | |\nCanadian Gazette \" I\nCanterbury Times Christchurch\nSouth Australian Register Adelaide\nWestern Mail Perth, W. A.\nDun's Review New York\nWEEKLIES, ILLUSTRATED.\nIllustrated London News. .London, Eng.\nGraphic | \"\nPunch \" \"\nHarper's Weekly New York\nScientific American \"\nMONTHLIES.\nBritish Trade Journal London, Eng.\nImperial Institute Journal \" |\nMining Record Victoria* B. C.\nNew Zealand Trade Review... Wellington\nSydney Trade Review Sydney\nQueensland Mercantile Gazette. .Brisbane\nMany other papers reach the Board Room, but not regularly\nFACSIMILE OF $20 GOLD PIECE. APPENDICES.\n37\nQUEBEC CONFERENCE.\nVictoria, B.C., 16th August, 1898.\nTo the Secretary of the British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria :\nDear Sir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094We, the Committee on Harbours and Navigation, after\ncarefully reviewing the questions referred to us for consideration, viz.:\n\" Reciprocity in Wrecking and Coasting on this Coast,\" do report as\nfollows:\nWe do not consider it would be to the interest of this Province to\nhave reciprocal arrangements with the United States in wrecking, as at\ngreat expense to our people, suitable docks and slips have been constructed and wrecking appliances purchased sufficient to assist vessels\nmeeting with accidents in our waters.\nThe long stretches of our inland waters comprise the most dangerous navigation on this coast, and to allow American wreckers the privilege of salving vessels on this part of our coast would mean a severe\nloss to our people, in view of the fact that so much money has been invested in wrecking plants and repairing yards at our ports.\nAnd further, while anxious to be parties to any movement conducive to a closer friendship and a freer exchange of business with our\nneighbours, we have to report we cannot find good reasons for suggesting any change in the present existing laws governing the coasting\ntrade of Canada, that would be beneficial to British Columbia.\nWe have the honour to be, Sir,\nYour obedient servants,\nJOHN G. COX,\nF. C. DAVIDGE,\nF. W. VINCENT,\nGEO. L. COURTNEY.\nIMIilU\u00C2\u00BBll.'XWWllHHMIBWI\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00BB\nH3BH8HMSI S&BM\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nVictoria, B.C., 16th September, 1898.\nTo the Secretary of the British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria :\nSir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094In reference to the letter handed us from Captain John G.\nCox, dated Ottawa, September 4th, we have the honour to report that,\nafter consulting carefully with all of the various firms connected with\nthe shipping industry, we find it is unanimously considered the best\npolicy that no change be made in the present laws relating to wrecking\nin contiguous waters of the United States and Canada.\nIn reply to the direct question \"What are contiguous waters ? \" we\nhold to the definition as \" waters being directly between the shores of\nthe two countries,\" and so far as our waters are concerned, only comprise the waters of Puget Sound and the Portland Canal. The limits\nin the waters of Puget Sound we would strictly define by taking latitude 49 due east and west, and a longitude drawn from Cape Flattery\ndue north and south. The contiguous waters of Portland Canal would\nbe its entire length from the ocean to the head of the canal.\nFurther, we have strongly to recommend that the proposition of\nany twenty, thirty or forty mile limit from such lines of demarkation\nshould be in no way entertained, but the hard and fast lines above mentioned strictly adhered to.\nFor committee on Harbours and Navigation,\nF. C. DAVIDGE,\nGEO. L. COURTNEY.\nVictoria, B.C., 22nd August, 1898.\nTo the Secretary of the British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria :\nDear Sir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094The Sealing industry of British Columbia comprises\nsixty-five schooners, with a tonnage of 4,292 tons, and a value of\n$643,800.00. There are 807 white men employed, and 903 Indians,\nmaking with their wives and families, 8,500 people directly depending\non this industry. For several years the annual averages of the money\nbrought into the country by the sale of the season's skins will run to\nabout $750,000.00.\nPrevious to the year 1893, in which the regulations formulated by\nthe Paris Tribunal were put in force, the industry was a very profitable\none, but by the enforcement of those regulations the sealers of British APPENDICES.\n39\nColumbia were deprived (for no other than State reasons) of the most\nprofitable portion of the Sealing season, viz., the months of May, June\nand July, during which sealing was prohibited,\nThe sealers also lost a zone of fifty-seven miles around the Priby-\nloff Islands in Behring Sea by the regulation passed at Paris.\nSince 1893 the sealing business has been carried on under great\ndifficulties and with uncertain success, partly owing to the restrictions\nreferred to, but in a great measure owing to the interference of the\nUnited States patrol fleet with our schooners while sealing.\nAs the case of our sealers has been laid before you in a memorial\nsetting forth all the difficulties from which the business is suffering, and\nclearly describing the present position of the industry, I need not go\ninto those matters here, but simply ask your kind consideration of our\ncase, with a view to your passing resolutions which will be transmitted\nto the Conference shortly to be held at Quebec, to finally settle this\nquestion which has been the cause of so much ill-feeling between Great\nBritain, Canada and the United States for so many years.\nWe contend.that the sealers should have restored to them their\nhereditary rights which were taken away by the passing of the Paris\nregulations, the Government of the United States having failed to show\nadequate reasons for the further continuance of these unprecedented\nrestrictions.\nWe would earnestly ask you to kindly advocate, either the restoration of our rights, or that before any further legislation is enacted, a\nsum fully sufficient to recompense the sealing owners of British Columbia, for all their outlay and losses, should be agreed on by all parties.\nI am, Gentlemen,\nYour obedient servant,\nJOHN G. COX.\nVictoria, B.C., August\nTo the Secretary of the British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria :\nDear Sir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094Your Special Committee beg to report with reference\nto the provisions for the transit of merchandise in transportation to and\nfrom either country across the intermediate territory, whether by water\nm wmwm'i B\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00BB.iwMf>i mm mm -\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 w \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\"! ' x' unmrnt 40 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nor land, including natural and artificial water ways, and intermediate\ntransit by sea, that it is of the utmost importance to the Dominion\nof Canada to arrive at some reciprocal arrangement in connection\nherewith.\nYour Committee also beg to report with reference to the provisions\nrelative to transit of merchandise from one country to be delivered to\npoints in the other country beyond the boundary, that the present system in vogue is a very satisfactory one, and that it be continued.\nYour Committee urge that the arrangements for the more complete\ndefining and marking of any part of the frontier line by land or water,\nwhere the same is not sufficiently defined or marked as to be liable to\ndispute, should be completed without delay, especially in view of the\nvaluable mining interests in this Province.\nAll of Which is respectfully submitted for the Committee.\nW. A. WARD.\nVictoria, B.C., August 17, 1898.\nTo the Secretary of the British Columbia Board of Trade, Victoria :\nDear Sir,\u00E2\u0080\u0094The Committee on the Fisheries beg to make the\nfollowing recommendations :\n(1). With reference to those waters adjacent to the boundary line\nbetween British Columbia and the State of Washington, and which are\ntraversed by the main body of Sockeye salmon. This comprises the\nStraits of Fuca and those parts of the Gulf of Georgia and Puget Sound\nlying between the parallels of 480 10' and 490 20' north latitude, together\nwith their adjacent bays and tributary streams. We consider, however,\nthat it would be advantageous to extend the scope of any joint regulations which may be agreed upon to all parts of this enclosed sea, and the\ninformation necessary to accomplish that purpose satisfactorily could\nreadily be obtained.\n(2). Re the salt waters in the State of Washington, the Commissioners, Richard Rathbun, representing the United States, and William\nWakeham, representing Great Britain, in their report dated Washington,\nDecember 31st, '96, stated thas there was no reason for prohibiting up to\nthat time any kinds of apparatus employed in the salt waters comprised in the State of Washington, viz., trap nets, purse seines, drag\nseines, reef nets and gill nets; the bulk of the Sockeye catch being APPENDICES.\n4i\nmade in the form of net first mentioned, and is still the chief mode of\ncatching these fish. The number of trap nets at that time was confined\nalmost entirely to Point Roberts; at the present time the number of\nthese trap nets, seines, etc., are greatly increased, and extend from\nSalmon Banks at the extreme south-west end of San Juan Island on all\nsuitable points up through the waters of the State of Washington to\nPoint Roberts, and to a great measure prevent the salmon from reaching the Fraser river, all sizes of salmon being caught and destroyed,\nwhich is greatly to the detriment of the fishing industry.\n(3). The Canadian regulations which restrict commercial fishing on\nthe Fraser River and off its mouth, to the use of drift gill nets, are satisfactory, and we recommend that the rivers in Washington be subject to\nthe same regulation.\n(4). The mesh in trap nets to measure in extension not less than\nthree inches in the crib and six inches in the leader when actually\nin use.\nTrap-net leaders not to exceed 2,000 feet in length.\nNot more than two traps to be placed in one-^continuous line, and\nwhen so arranged to be separated by a gap of at least 100 feet\nbetween the inner crib and the beginning of the outer leader.\nAll traps or strings of two traps to be separated by lateral passageways of at least 2,500 feet.\nThe inner end of all trap net leaders to begin in a depth of not less\nthan one fathom at low tide, and the space intervening between\nit and the shore to remain entirely unobstructed.\nAll trap-net stakes to be removed from the water, in the interest of\nnavigation, within thirty days from the close of the fishing\nseason.\n(5). Drift gill nets not to exceed 150 fathoms each in length.\nThe drift gill nets employed for taking Quinnat salmon to have\nnot less than 7 % inch mesh extension measure.\nThe drift gill nets employed for taking the Sockeye salmon to have\nnot less than 5% inch mesh extension measure, and to be used\nonly from July 1st to August 25th.\nAll drift nets, when in use, to be kept at least 250 yards apart, and\nto obstruct not more than one-third of the width of the river.\nThe drift gill nets employed for taking Cohoe and other species of\nsalmon, to be in force from September 15th to October 25th.\nThe drift gill nets for the taking of Dog salmon outside of the waters\nof Fraser River, to be used from 25th September until 15th of\nDecember.\nMMu...iiw\u00C2\u00BB..,\u00C2\u00BBnmwmnui!i.xim\u00C2\u00ABHn 42\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\n(6). It is recommended that in all rivers, commercial fishing with\nnets be restricted to the tidal part of the river.\n(7). We consider it very important that the movement of the\nsalmon toward their spawning grounds be facilitated by weekly close\ntimes of thirty-six hours duration, which we suggest extend from 6 a.m.\non Saturday to 6 p.m. on Sunday of each week during the continuance\nof the fishing season.\n(8). We recommend that the Indians be allowed to fish at all times\nby their customary methods, except the use of drift nets and spears, on\nthe rivers during the close seasons during which periods, moreover,\nthey should be permitted to take salmon only for the purpose of supplying themselves with food, and not for sale or barter.\n(9). That evidence of an increase in the abundance of the salmon\nspecies has been obtained, and we feel justified in recommending joint\naction in the matter of other artificial propagation. While we feel\nconfident that the natural supply can best be maintained by an early\ncompliance with suitable protective measures, we find it generally\nadmitted that the efforts made by the Canadian Government to increase\nthe stock of Sockeye salmon on the Fraser river by fish-cultural\nmethods have been beneficial, and we urge upon the Government that\nfurther efforts be made to increase the number of hatcheries on the\nFraser River, the expense of which to be borne by the Governments of\nthe United States and Canada, proportionately. In view of the growing\ndemand for the shipment of Quinnat salmon in a fresh condition, which\nmay, sooner or later, come to exceed the supply, we venture to suggest\nthe possibly greater advantages to be gained by the artificial hatching\nof that species.\nIf the contention of the United States that the British sealers\ndestroy the seals on their way to the sealing grounds to the detriment\nof the industry is sustained by them, we think that our contention that\nthey destroy the salmon in the traps, purse seines and drag seines, on\ntheir way to the Fraser River, is detrimental to the preservation of salmon\nin the Fraser River, and if their contention is sustained we submit that\nour contention be likewise, and that traps, purse seines, drag seines and\nother similar methods for catching fish should be abolished.\nWith reference to the deep sea fisheries on the coast of British Columbia, nothing can be done in developing these until some reciprocal\narrangement is come to with the United States in this article.\nAll of which is respectfully submitted for the Fishing Committee,\nW. A. WARD. APPENDICES,\n43\nAGRICULTURE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA.\n(By R. E. Gosnell, Ex-Provincial Librarian.)\nThe place of agriculture among the industries arising out of the\nnatural resources of the Province is by no means yet determined.\nThere are two extremes to avoid : One is the hastily formed conclusions of new comers, who, judging by the standards of older and more\nsettled farming communities, attach no importance at all to the prospects in British Columbia, and either go away wholly disappointed, or\nsettle down to some other calling, satisfied with the futility of making\nfarming pay in a country like this. The other is the .too enthusiastic\nanticipations of those who have not a very clear or practical knowledge\nof the conditions of successful farming in any country, and, who, judging from exceptional results under favourable conditions, have an exaggerated notion of what is possible in an average way. The taking of\nboth extremes is of common occurrence, and it is, therefore, somewhat\ndifficult for any but a practical and experienced farmer to give a fairly\naccurate estimate of the agricultural capabilities of the Province. In a\nProvince like Ontario, where conditions are more or less uniform over\ncertain large areas, and where farming according to modern methods has\nbeen carried on continuously for a number of years, the maximum and\nminimum of results are fairly well determined. In British Columbia\nthe industry is still in an experimental stage, and owing to the disparity of conditions and the numerous local variations which exist it.is\nquite unsafe to make definite statements or predict confidently as to\nthe future. A great deal of misapprehension has arisen and not a little\nmischief has been done by too general and confident conclusions both\nfavourable and unfavourable.\nI have referred to the different local conditions which exist, and this\nis a phase too apt to be overlooked in any consideration of the subject.\nThere are many variations of soil and climate within limited areas,\nmaterially modifying the theories which experiences in one locality\nalone would suggest as applicable to some other locality. This is\naccounted for by geological formation and physical environments generally, which, as we all know, are greatly differentiated. Taking Vancouver Island, for instance, the conditions in and around Victoria,\nSaanich, Metchosin, Cowichan, Nanaimo, Comox and Alberni, are all\ndifferent, and in some respects radically so. The rainfall, relative humidity, soils and substrata, the influence of timber, the contiguous\nmountains\u00E2\u0080\u0094these and other things affect the kind of crops and\nthe varieties that may be grown, and constitute influences that\nrender uniform deductions from individual experiences unsafe for prac-\n'BnswMisaH\n!!\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00C2\u00BB\"'.- 44\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\ntical purposes. Even two farms lying alongside of each other may\ndiffer as to their suitability for certain varieties and as to the methods\nthat should in-detail be employed. This is to my mind the most important factor to be considered in connection with the discussion of agricultural capabilities and possibilities, and suggests what is being felt\nas a rapidly growing need, and that is the introduction of a system of\nlocal experimental farms, apart from and in addition to the Dominion\nExperimental Station at Agassiz, one of which to be located in each of\nthe principal districts of the Island and Mainland ; for, in regard to the\nlatter, the same general remarks apply as to the former. The dry\nelevated table-lands and valleys of the interior are as different in\nlocal conditions from those of the Coast districts as well can be within\nthe limits of a single province, and its various parts also differ from\neach other materially. Such local experimental stations are suggested.\nto be on a small scale, and the operations confined to practical work,\nhaving in view the special needs of the districts within which they are\nlocated.\nIt may be remarked here that one of the difficulties with which\nfarmers are confronted in British Columbia, is in the acquiring of local\nexperience, which is often bought dearly, not the result of ignorance in\nfarming or incompetence, it may be added, but lack of that special\nknowledge to which there is no guide but experiment, and it appears to\nme that such knowledge could be best and should be acquired by the\nGovernment for the benefit of all. The number of persons who think\nthey know all about it and don't, is large ; while the number of those\nwho can speak with authority are few. Personally, while I appreciate\nthe nature of and have endeavoured to some extent to study the problems\naffecting agriculture in this Province, I confess to my inability to deal\nspecifically with them, and I hesitate to write on details with a view to\ngiving the information of others.\nComing back to the possibilities of the industry, though still largely,\nas stated, in the experimental stages as yet, sufficient has been demonstrated to place it on a permanent basis as an important factor of Provincial wealth. There are many obstacles besetting the path of the farmer\nhere, but there are also some compensating advantages, which will\neventually turn the balance in his favour. The difficulties and advantages I wish to refer to are those in a sense peculiar to British Columbia.\nI have already spoken of the great variety of conditions, which limits\nthe benefits arising from the experiences of others except under very\nsimilar circumstances. There are, of course, general and predominant\ncharacteristics, but in matters of detail, which determine the success of\nfarming, every farmer must be a law unto himself.\nTo take soils, the characteristic and predominant poil, except on APPENDICES.\n45\nbottom lands, is a brown loam, varying in quality and texture from a\nfine friable mould to a coarse granitic wash. The subsoil also greatly\nvaries, being in places clay, hardpan, sand and gravel, and the value of\nthe land is determined in a great measure accordingly. Many conditions, however, govern the latter. It depends largely in the first place\non the amount of timber to be disposed of. Land that requires from\n$50 to $150 or more per acre to clear, though it may be made cultivatable\nand fertile thereafter, involves an expenditure of capital that renders\nthe investment a doubtful one. The quality of the land itself, nearness\nto market and means of communication must be taken into account in\nthat connection.\nBottom lands such as meadows, alder bottoms, \"hardack\" and\nswamps are the most fertile and easily made available ; but unless in\nthe case of prairie or peat bogs, are usually covered with a very heavy\nsecond under growth, and require almost invariably ditching and\ndraining, and in some cases dyking, so that in all but the most favourable instances clearing and making ready for cultivation are expensive\nand laborious.\nVancouver Island is supplied with good roads, but as a rule throughout\nthe Province, communication away from a line of railway or steamboats, is, as in all new countries, usually not of the best. As political\neconomists point out, this is a very material factor of success in the\nbusiness of a farmer, because in latter years the rates of transportation\nhave not fallen proportionately with the prices of produce, and to the\nfarmer the road leading to the market stands much in the same relation\nas the rates of transportation. It affects him in the same way.\nThen we have other obstacles to deal with. A Province blessed with\nfertility of soil, aud a mild, equable climate,: is also fertile in weeds,\ndescribed as plants out of place, and is favourable to the development\nof disease and insect pests. That is to say, plant and insect life is\nprolific, and the careful fanner is ever on the alert to keep his farm\nclean, and in preventing and exterminating the enemies of his crops.\nThere are also in some localities animal pests, such as destructive\nbirds, coyotes, etc.\nCompetition with imported farm products is another thing the farmer\nhas to contend with. In former years, in fact until very recently,\nmerchants imported all kinds of farm produce from the neighbouring\nStates and from the East, and dealt very little in home farm products\nfor the reason that the latter was for a long time insufficient, and very\nirregular and uncertain in supply, and badly marketed. This was a\ncondition very hard to overcome, because the farmer could not deal\nwith the merchant and was obliged to find private customers. This was\nI H!EESn\u00C2\u00BBWSM!_\"iH\nMMMIW \u00C2\u00AB\u00C2\u00ABHWWIBWIII BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nfinally, and is being continually more and more broken down by the\nestablishment by the farmers themselves of local markets, and home\nproducts now largely supply the market in a number of lines.\nThe advantages which the British Columbia farmers possess are the\nactive local demand; the rapidly growing market, the result of increasing population and mining activity; the distance from competitors and a protective tariff, which tends to keep up prices ; the mildness of the climate; and as a rule the extraordinary fertility of the soil\nand the largeness of the yield.\nReferring again to the supplying of the local market, home production\nis increasing so satisfactorily as to have wholly displaced in some lines\nimported articles, and to such an extent as in a few years to form a\nsurplus for export. Indeed, an export trade has already been opened\nup with the Northwest in fruit\u00E2\u0080\u0094small fruit, plums and apples. The\ndepartment of agricultulture that has made the greatest advance the last\ntwo or three years is dairying, and from practically no local supply,\nexcept from a few individual farmers, there are about half a dozen cooperative creameries, producing an article of good quality and finding\na large sale.\nOwing to the contiguity of the Oriental markets, and the openings\nafforded in the Northwest, there is likely to be developed a large amount\nof trade, and industry in several special lines. The Northwest, including\nManitoba, will take great quantities of fresh fruit, probably all that can\nbe grown ; while dairy products will be shipped to China and Japan\nwhere a good market, among the European population, exists for\nbutter and cheese of extra quality. British Columbia, it may be reasonably anticipated, will yet produce an industry of great magnitude in\ncanned fruits and vegetables, and it is not unreasonable to predict that-\nfirms comparable with Cross & Blackwell and Lea & Perrin, will yet\ncome to the front in goods similar in character to those manufactured\nby them, and of world-wide fame. This is suggested by the prolificness\nwith which small fruits, plums, pears, apples, and all kinds of vegetables\nare grown, and the facilities there are for export.\nIt is quite impracticable within limited space to review fully the\nentire field, but briefly it may be stated that the special products which\nthe adaptabilities of the Province suggest are : Condensed milk, hams\nand bacon, preserved meats, tobacco, leather, canned goods, paper,\nflax and sugar beet. In regard to the latter two named, while there can\nbe no reasonable doubt as to their being successfully grown, as capable\nof creating industries on a large scale they may be regarded as problematical as yet. Tobacco is grown and manufactured in the Okanagan\nValley, and results are claimed to be satisfactory so far as operations\nhave gone. APPENDICES.\n47\nSuch fruits as peaches, apricots, grapes, tomatoes and melons (the\nlatter two being usually classed as fruits) ripen and do particularly well\nin parts of the interior, but, generally speaking, are only cultivated in\nfavoured localities on the Coast.\nA possible future large industry belongs to the Interior in the way of\ncold stored meats. The loss of and depreciation in cattle during the\nwinter season have caused attention to be drawn to the feasibility of\nerecting cold storage and slaughter houses at some convenient point,\nsay Kamloopg, to which the cattle in the fall, when in good condition,\ncould be driven and killed and stored. An annual saving, as well as\ngreat direct gain, could thus be effected, and the ranges would in an\nimportant degree be thereby conserved. Live stock has not heretofore\nbeen notable as a success, and from a variety of reasons; but with\nimproved methods should become very profitable. This applies to\ncattle, pigs and poultry especially. Sheep are regarded as objectionable to\nbreed on the interior ranges on account of their effect on the pasturage,\nand the Coast climate is too wet in fall and winter for them without\nproper shelter. On Vancouver Island and some of the contiguous\nislands, however, they do well. No doubt, in time, many of the islands\nand side hills as well, now waste, will be utilized for running them.\nPoultry and pigs should be extensively bred.\nWith the exception of the Delta prairie lands of the Fraser and the\nvalleys of the Interior, where farming is and can be carried on on a\nlarge scale in hay, cereals and stock, the future of British Columbia in\nagriculture lies in small holdings and intensive methods. Cheaper and\nbetter methods of clearing and draining are being employed, and\nwill greatly increase the area under cultivation. The areas suitable for\nfarming are to a considerable degree detached and irregular; but careful investigation will show that much more good land is available than\nis generally supposed ; and much good land is in the hands of private\nparties that has for a long time lain unproductive. The taking up of\nland for speculative purposes accounts for this condition of affairs,\nwhich will gradually be remedied. At the present time there is not\nmuch demand for farm lands, and as security for loans, are not in the\ngreat majority of cases accepted by the loan companies at all.\nIt may be assumed that so long as the stronger inducements afforded\nby mining and speculation exist, agriculture will not receive that\nattention it deserves. Speculation has ever been unfavourable to the\ncultivation of the soil, which requires steady and persistent energy in\none direction, and intelligent industry ; but sooner or later the other\ninfluences at work will react on it, and it will become more prominent\namong the wealth-begetting agencies of the Province. Practically\nspeaking, the inception of agriculture dates back to only about fifteen\npww.ynumjt'twjmTxinwjx'twnwjwiwsW'CTWWBiMi COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nyears ago, and is therefore making rapid progress. What has been\naccomplished is probably best illustrated in the products exhibited at\nthe recent Provincial Exhibition held' at New Westminster. No\nProvince in Canada could make better (I was going to say so good a)\nshowing of fruit, which was really a remarkable feature. Grains were\nlimited in quantity but superlative in quality. Horses and stock made\na fair showing ; sheep and pigs, poor ; poultry, good ; vegetables, as\ngood as could be expected from so dry a summer. Altogether, the show\nafforded an object lesson. Certain it is that all those who have entered\nseriously into farming in British Columbia and exercised good judgment in selection, worked intelligently and industriously, eschewed\noutside speculations, and kept the goal of success steadily in view have\nprospered.\nA BRANCH OF BRITISH COLUMBIA CHERRIES. APPENDICES.\nExports from British Columbia\n49\nTo Countries outside of Canada of Products of Agriculture and its Branches, tor three\nyears ending 30th June, 1897.\n(The Exports to the other Provinces in the Dominion are not included.)\nLive Stock.\nHorses head\nHorned Cattle \"\nSwine \" '\nPoultry and other animals \"\nMeats, Etc.\nHides, horns and skins (not\nfur) \t\nBacon lbs.\nBeef \"\nHams \"\nPork I\nSheep pelts No.\nWool lbs.\nGrain, Seeds, Bread-\nstufes and products of.\nBran cwt.\nBarley bush.\nOats \"\nPeas I\nWheat I\nFlour bbls.\nBiscuits and Bread... cwt.\nOatmeal and all other bbls.\nAll other seeds \"\nFruits and Vegetables.\nApples (green) bbls.\nFruits (canned) lbs.\nOther fruit \"\nPotatoes bush.\nAll other vegetables\t\nDairy Products.\nButter lbs.\nCheese : \"\nMiscellaneous.\nEggs doz.\nHay tons\nStraw I\nTrees and bushes \t\nHops lbs.\nBones cwt.\nTallow lbs.\nHoney \"\nMalt bush\".\nOther articles\t\nTotal\nYear ending 30th,Year ending 30th\nJune, 1896.\nJune, 1895.\nValue.\nQuan\ntity.\nQuantity.\n36\n4\n257\n260\n1,442\n600\n205\n172\n55.752\n41\n35\n81,461\n214,897\nValue.\n58o\n250\nII\n39,290\n1,156\n170\n1,275\n150!\n49,238\n2\u00C2\u00B0.565I50,77\u00C2\u00B0\n2,883 695\n. 5,500\n11\n30\n:5\n7.47i;\n6,201\nI\ni\n12,402\n4\n32\n426\n168\n53\n18\n7\n7i\n1,953\n812\n810\n30\n28\n62,965\n2,520\n1\n124\n42\n1,379\n12,828)\n957' 0,9351\n10\n3i\n42,633\n485!\n19.978\n108\n6,399\n175\n640\n4.815\n[147,066\n67.391\n443\n18,235\n92\n33\nYear ending 30th\nJune, 1897.\nQuantity.\nValue.\n97 4,395\n1 30\n351\n86,131\n167\n15\n173\n7\n17,618\n14.759\n229\n456\n13\n31\n37.900\n8,447\n4\n790\n257\n189\n19\n*42\n444\n15\n3.659\n1.239\n19\n77\n13\n6\nH.757\n341\n634\n27\n82\n4,405\n130\n260\n86,385 86,385\n984 118\nT.4i9\n253\n38,347 12,958\n166,11t 15,561\n63.471\n19,880\n157\n1\n20\n34\n23.970\n76,548\n1,140\n7\n5i6\n4\n254\n211\n442\n3.172\n6,845\n29\n4\nI9L1571\n956\n4\n254\n151\n442\n979\n969\n13\n25\n45\n161\n15.264\n1,924\n93\n20\n37.920\n824\n22\n6\n228,407\nHHBBWHWWJiagmm\nj ii xi uijm\u00C2\u00ABi\u00C2\u00BBi\u00C2\u00BBni\u00C2\u00AB\u00C2\u00BBi\u00C2\u00BBBiiimm\u00C2\u00BBiw'imKwimn\n1IXWJX XUM\u00C2\u00ABB\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00BB~jSL\u00C2\u00BBJ BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n51\nBran and\nOther bre\nBarley,\nBeans,\nIndian Co\nBuckwhea\nOats,\nto\"\nCQ\nPh\nFlaxseed,\nBeet, carr\nOther,\nApples (d\n1 an\nPlums an\nAlmonds\nApples (g\nSmall fru\nCherries,\nCranberr\nCurrants,\nPeaches,\nPlums,\nQuinces,\nCanned f 52\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n53 54\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n55\nIMPORTS INTO THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FOR TWENTY-\nSEVEN YEARS ENDING JUNE 30TH, 1898.\nValue of\nTotal\nImports.\nTo 30th June, 1872 $1,790,352\nFrom Canada 22,215\nTo 30th June, 1873 2,191,011\nFrom Canada 75,604\nTo 30th June, 1874 2,085,560\nFrom Canada 66,104\nTo 30th June, 1875 2,543.552\nFrom Canada 117,054\nTo 30th June, 1876 ',997*597\nFrom Canada 129,735\nTo 30th June, 1877 2,220,968\nFrom Canada 163,142\nTo 30th June, 1878 2,244,503\nFrom Canada 144,754\nTo 30th June, 1879 2,440,781\nFrom Canada 184,951\nTo 30th June, 1880 1,689,394\nFrom Canada 208,072\nTo 30th June, 1881 2,489,643\nFrom Canada 387,111\nTo 30th June, 1882 2,899,223\nFrom Canada 449,768\nTo 30th June, 1883 3.937,536\nFrom Canada 624,207\nTo 30th June, 1884 4,142,486\nFrom Canada 789,287\nTo 30th June, 1885 4,089,492\nFrom Canada 927,054\nTo 30th June, 1886 3.953,299\nTo 30th June, 1887 3.547i852\nTo 30th June, 1888 3,5\u00C2\u00B09>95i\nTo 30th June, 1889 3,763,127\nTo 30th June, 1890 4>379>272\nTo 30th June, 1891 5,478,883\nTo 30th June, 1892 6,495,589\nTo 30th June, 1893 3>934,\u00C2\u00B066\nTo 30th June, 1894 5,32o,6i5\nTo 30th June, 1895 4.4\u00C2\u00B03i976\nTo 30th June, 1896 5,563>\u00C2\u00B095\nTo 30th June, 1897 7,l3\u00C2\u00B0,38l\nTo 30th June, 1898 8,548,375\nGoods Entered for Home Consumption.\nDutiable Free ~ | , Duty\nGoods. Goods. lotai. Collected.\n$1,600,361 $ 166,707 $1,767,068 $ 342,400 48\n 22,215 22,215\n1,569,112 507.364 2,076,476 3o2,H7 65\n 75,604 75.604\n1,676,792 371.544 2,048,336 336,494 47\n 66,104 66,104\n1,924,482 566,111 2,490,593 413,921 50\n 117,054 \"7,054\n2,237,072 707,906 2,944,978 488,384 52\n \"9.735 i29,735\n1,820,391 346,318 2,166,709 403,520 21\n 163,142 163,142\nT\u00C2\u00BB905\u00C2\u00BB20i 367,926 2,273,127 426,125 14\n 134.754 144,754\nT,997ii25 320,326 2,317,454 484.704 04\n 184,951 184,951\n1,614,165 122,451 2,457,116 450,175 43\n 208,072 208,072\n2,214,153 242,963 1.736,616 589,403 62\n 387,m 387,\"1\n2,472,174 404,287 2,875,461 - 678,104 53\n 449,768 449,768\n3,331,023 550,833 3,866,855 907,655 54\n 624,207 624,207\n3,337,642 702,693 4.040,335 884,076 21\n 789,287 789,287\n3,458,529 564,923 4,023,452 966,143 64\n 927,054 927.054\n2,851,379 1,060,347 4,011,726 880,266 65\n3,065,791 560,348 3,626,139 883,421 53\n2,674,941 729,266 3,401,207 861,465 14\n2,002,646 807,140 3,809,786 974,675 69\n3,357,111 1,030,375 4,287,486 1,075,215 20\n4,261,207 1,074,983 5,336,190 1,346,059 42\n4,423,414 1,803,005 6,226,419 1,412,878 00\n3,662,673 1,255,495 5,918,168 1,366,250 32\n3,582,333 1,738,282 5,336,961 1,308,631 23\n3,131,490 1,236,935 4,368,425 1,137,727 49\n3>993,650 1,532,840 5,526,490 1,406,931 91\n5,048,755 2,028,653 7,087,048 1,702,512 16\n6,493,123 2,024,749 8,517,872 2,064,527 76\nmiiii.iuimniiiinmMiiiw* BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nExports the Produce of Canada From the Province of\nBritish Columbia for 27 Years, Ending June 30,1898.\nAnimals\nand their\nAgric'l.\nMiscel\nYea\nr. The Mine.\nFisheries.\nForest.\nProduce.\nProducts.\nlaneous.\nTotal.\n1872\n.... $1,389,585\n$ 37,707\n$214,377\n$214,700\n$ 142\n$ 1,540\n$1,858,050\n1873\n.... 1,224,362\n43.36i\n211,026\n259,292\n2,885\n1,197\n1,742,123\n1874\n.... i,35i,i45\n114,118\n260,116\n320.625\n5,296\n443\n2,051,743\n1875\n 1,929x294\n133.986\n292,468\n411,810\n9,727\n2,777,285\n1876\n 2,032,139\n71,338\n273.430\n329,027\n3,o8o\n68\n2,709,082\n1877\n 1,708,848\n105,603\n287,042\n230,893\n3,083\ni,5\u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\n2,346,969\n1878\n.... 1,759,'71\n423.840\n327,360\n257,314\n462\n2,768,147\n1879\n 1,530,812\n633,493\n273,366\n268,671\n2>505\n57\n2,708,848\n1880\n.... 1,664,626\n317,410\n258,804\n339,2i8\n3,843\nIOO\n2,584,001\n1881\n 1,317.079\n400,984\n172.647\n350,474\n248\n22\n2,23I,554\n1882\n.... 1,437,072\n976,903\n362,875\n300,429\n946\n2,616\n3,080,841\n1883\n 1,309,646\n1.332,385\n407,624\n287,394\n6,791\n443\n3,345,263\n1884\n 1,441,052\n899,371\n458,365\n271,796\n1,745\n1,413\n3,100,404\n1885\n 1,759,512\n727,672\n262,071\n414,364\n2,324\n5,948\n3,172,391\n1886\n 1,720,335\n643,052\n194,488\n329,248\n1,907\n2,811\n2,891,811\n1887\n 1,832,827\n910,559\n235,913\n380,126\n10,265\n1,911\n3,371,601\n1888\n 1,889,805\n1,164,019\n441,957\n318,839\n27,631\n85,826\n3,928,077\n1889\n.... 2,377,052\n993,623\n449,026\n397,685\n14,831\n102,089\n4,334,306\n1890\n 2,375,770\n2,374,717\n325.881\n346,159\n9,823\n113,271\n5.545,621\n1891\n . 2,030,229\n2,274,686\n374.996\n294,646\n5,oi7\n20,434\n6,257,158\n1892\n 2,979,470\n2,35I.\u00C2\u00B083\n425.27S\n390,584\n25,018\n31,976\n6,574,989\n1893\n.. . 2,898,947\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0,501,831\n454,994\n310,621\n30,173\n446.231\n5,642,797\n1894\n 3,521,543\n3,541,305\n411,623\n149,269\n23,323\n196,895\n7,843,950\n1895\n 4.615,452\n3,264,501-\n500,080\n457,373\n21,774\n261,918\n9,121,098\n1896\n.... 5.763-253\n0,288,776\n685,746\n437,864\n61,414\n338,471\n10,576,524\n1797\n 8,909,592\n3.567,815\n742,173\n307,845\n104,744\n552.539\n14,184,708\n1898\n.... \",973,671\n3,846,951\n425,751\n285,007\n78,977\n262,834\n17,239,197\n1872-3\n1,858,050\n1873-\n1,742,123\n1874-\n2,05i,743\n1875-\n2,777,285\n1876\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n2,709,082\n1877-\n2,346,969\n1878-\n2,768,147\n1879--\n2,708,848\n1880\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n2,584,001\n1881\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n2,231,554\n1882\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n3,080,841\n1883-\n3,345i263\n1884\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n3,100,404\n1885-\n3,172,391\n1886\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n2,891,811\n1887\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n3,371,601\n1888\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n3,928,077\n1889\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n4,334,306\n1S90\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n5,545,621\n1891\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n6,257,158\n1892\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n6,574,989\n1893-\n5,642,797\n1894\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n7,843,958\n1895-\n9,121,098\n1896\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n10,576,524\n1897-\n14,184,708\n1898\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A07,239,177\nExports for Each Year From 1872 to 1898, Inclusive.\nScale, $1,000,000.00 =- % inch. APPENDICES.\n57 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nBRITISH COLUMBIA.\nRegistered sea-going tonnage carrying cargo into and out of the\nProvince, by five-year periods, with yearly averages and percentages of\nincrease or decrease :\n1874-78 1 I,439,8i7 287,963 \t\n1879-83 2,358,885 47L777 + 63-8\n1884-88 4,089,788 817,958 + 73-8\n1889-93 8,927,979 1,785596 +118.3\n1894 i,979,96\u00C2\u00B0 +10.9\n1895 2,228,047 + 12.5\n1896 2,177,799 \u00E2\u0080\u0094 2.7\n1897 I 2,135,443 1.5\nistered sea-going tonnage carrying cargo out of the Province,\nYearly\nAverage.\nPer cent.\nYearly\nAverage.\n147,187\n211,713\n387,017\n785,628\n830,408\n9i4,53i\n953,3oi\n913,886\nPer cent.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 43.8\n82.8\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 103.0\n5-7\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 10.1\n- 4.2\n- 4-1\nout of the Province.\nYearly\nAverage.\nPer cent.\n140,776\n260,064\n430,94o\n698,968\n1,149,561\n13,516\n1,214,496\n1,221,557\n+ 85-0\n+ 657\n+132-0\n+ I5'0\n+ 14*3\n+ 7-5\n+ o-6 APPENDICES. 59\nINLAND REVENUE, CANADA,\nDivisions No. 37 and 38.\nEntered for Consumption luly ist ^897, to June 30th, 1808\nNo. 37, No. 38,\n\"Victoria, B.C. tVancouver, B-c-\nSpirits proof gallons. 68,816.84 75,6i9-77\nSpirits, exported \" 2,325.88 272.31\nMalt lbs. 1,446,074 1,566,376\nManufactured Tobacco lbs. 123,223 159,648\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 \u00C2\u00A7 exported \" ' 590}^ 824%\nRaw Leaf \" \" 34,583 53,973\nCigars, ex-warehouse No. 151,550 105,025\nI ex-factory fj 125,125 2,403,625\nMalt Liquor gallons. 501,798 620,065\nPetroleum \" 32,26983 480,998.30\nTotal receipts. j||||||||l; 194,259.01 230,952.14\n* Vancouver Island only.\nt All outports in British Columbia except Vancouver Island.\nThis Board is indebted to the kindness and courtesy of the Collectors of Inland\nRevenue at Victoria and Vancouver for the above information.\nAREA OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.\nLand 382,300 square miles.\nWater 1,000 \" \"\nTotal 383,300 \" \"\nWood area, estimated 285,554 \"\nShipping.\nThe Board is indebted to the courtesy and kindness of Mr. A. R.\nMilne, Collector of Customs, for the following shipping information :\nVessels employed in the coasting trade of the Dominion of Canada\narrived at and departed from Victoria, B.C., during the year ending 30th\nJune, 1898.\nVessels Arrived. Vessels Departed.\nNo. No. No.\nVessels. Tonnage. Crew. Vessels. Tonnage.\n1494 533,914 32,421 1491 533,889\nVessels entered inwards for sea at Victoria during year ending 30th June, 1898.\nWith Cargo. In Ballast.\nNo. No. No.\nVessels. Tonnage. Crew. Vessels. Tonnage.\n746 527,903 28,730 446 431,317 22,400\nVessels entered outwards from sea during the year ending 30th June, 1898.\nWith Cargo. In Ballast.\nNo No. No. No.\nVessels. Tonnage. Crew. Vessels. Tonnage. Crew.\n585 510,455 27,134 636 444,997 26,004\nNumber aud tonnage of vessels built and registered at Victoria, during the year\nending 30th June, 1898.\nBuilt. Registered.\nNo.' Tonnage. No. Tonnage.\n18 4222 2 254\nNo.\nCrew.\n32,334\nNo.\nCrew.\nx\u00C2\u00ABm-a\u00C2\u00AB 60\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nEDUCATION.\nThe school system of British Columbia is free, non-sectarian, and equally as\nefficient as that of Ontario or any of the Eastern Provinces. The Government\nbuilds a school-house, makes a grant for incidental expenses, and pays a teacher\nin every district where twenty children between the ages of six and sixteen can\nbe brought together. High schools are also established in cities, where classics\nand higher mathematics are taught. Several British Columbia cities also now\nhave charge of their own public and high schools, and these receive a very liberal\nper capita grant in aid from the Provincial Government. The minimum salary paid\nto teachers is $50.00 per month in rural districts, up to $110.00 in city and high schools.\nAttendance in public schools is compulsory. The Education Department is presided\nover by a minister of the Crown. There are also a superintendent and five inspectors\nin the Province, also boards of trustees in each district.\nThe following statistics are taken from the report of the Honourable the Minister\nof Education :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nNumber of Schools in Operation.\nHigh Schools 4\nGraded Schools 22\nCommon Schools 213\nWard Schools 5\nStatistical Abstract of Attendance for 1896-97. 244\nNumber of pupils enrolled during the year 15.798\nIncrease for the year .' 1,338\nNumber of boys enrolled 8,105\nIncrease for the year 668\nNumber of girls enrolled 7,693\nIncrease for the year 670\nAverage actual daily attendance 9,999.61\nIncrease for the year 745.36\nNumber of pupils enrolled in High Schools 461\nIncrease for the year 1\nAverage actual daily attendance in High Schools 279.68\nAverage actual daily attendance in Graded and Ward Schools 5.91206\nAverage actual daily attendance in Rural Schools 3,807.87\nNumber of School Districts at the close of the year 199\nIncrease for the year 6\nI\nHIGH SCHOOL.\nCENTRAL SCHOOL. APPENDICES.\n61\nThe gradual growth of the schools, as well as the cost of maintaining the same, is\nfully shown by the record of attendance and expenditure given in following exhibit:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nComparative Statement of Attendance and Cost of Public Schools\nfrom 1872-73 to 1896-97.\nYear.\n1872-73- \n1873-74.-\n1874-75.\n1875-76.,\n1876-77..\n1877-78.\n1878-79..\n1879-80..\n1880-81..\n1881-82 .\n1882-83..\n1883-84.\n1884-85.\n1885-86\n1886-87.\n1887-88.\n1888-89.\n1889-90\n1890-91.\n1891-92.\n1892-93.\n1893-94.\n1894-95.\n1895-96.\n1896-97.\nNumber of\nSchool\nDistricts.\nAggregate\nEnrolment.\nAverage\nDaily\nAttendance.\n37\n41\n41\n42\n45\n45\n47\n48\n50\n59\n67\nI6\n86\n95\n104\n109\n123\n141\n154\n169\n178\n183\n193\n199\n1,028\ni,245\n1,403\n1,685\n1,998\n2,198\n2,301\n2,462\n2,571\n2,653\n2>,693\n3,420\n4,027\n4,471\n5,345\n6,372\n6,796\n8,042\n9,260\n10,773\n11,496\n12,613\n13,482\n14,460\n15,798\n575\n767\n863\n984\n1,260\n1.395 50\n1,315.9\u00C2\u00B0\n1,293.93\n1,366.86\n1,358.68\n1,383-00\n1,808.60\n2,089.74\n2,481.48\n2,873-38\n3,093.46\n3.681.14\n4,333-90\n5.I34-91\n6,227.10\n7,111.40\n7.785-50\n8,610.31\n9.254-25\n9-999-61\nPercentage\nof\nAttendance.\nHalf-year.\n55-93\n61.60\n61.51\n58.39\n63.06\n63.49\n57-19\n52.56\n53-i6\n51.21\n51-36\n52.88\n51-89\n55.50\n53-75\n48.54\n54.16\n53-89\n55-45\n57.80\n61.85\n61.72\n63.86\n64.00\n63.29\nExpenditure\nfor\nEducation\nProper.\n$ 36.763 77\n35,287 59\n34,822 28\n44,5o6 ii\n47,129 63\n43 334 01\n*22,IIO 70\n47,006 10\n46,960 69\n49,268 63\n50,850 63\n66,655 15\n71.151 52\n79,527 56\n88,521 08\n99,902 04\n108,190 59\n122,984 83\n136,901 73\n160,627 80\n190,558 33\n169,050 18\n189,037 25\n204,930 32\n220,810 38\nSTEAMSHIP \"ISLANDER,\" VICTORIA-VANCOUVER ROUTE. 62 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nMINING STATISTICS.\nReport of Minister of Mines, December 31st, 1897.\nTABLE I.\nTotal Production for all Years up to 1898.\nGold, placer $ 59,317,473\nGold, lode 4,300,689\nSilver 7,301,060\nLead 2,971,618\nCopper 521,060\nCoal and Coke 36,626,585\nBuilding Stone, Bricks, etc 1,350,000\nOther metals 25,000\n$112,413,485\nThe following table shows the steady rate of increase during the\npast seven years, and of the marked increase during the past year of\n1897. As stated before, the influence of lode mining begins to be felt\nin the year 1892, since when the rate of increase has been entirely due\nto the production of the metalliferous mines, as the output of the\ncollieries has not increased.\nTABLE II.\nProduction eor Each Year from 1890 to 1897 (inclusive).\nYear. Amount.\n1890 $ 2,608,803\n1891 3,521,102\n1892 2,978,530\n1893 3,588,413\n1894 4,225,717\n1895 5,643,042\n1896 7,507,956\n1897 10,455,268\nYearly\nIncrease.\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A235 P-c\n.21 p.c.\n.18 p.c.\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 33 P-c\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A234 P.c\n.40 p.c. APPENDICES.\n63\nTable III. gives a statement in detail of the amount and value of\nthe different mine products for the years 1896 and 1897. As it has as yet\nbeen impossible to collect the statistics regarding building stone, lime,\nbricks, tiles, etc., these are estimated for 1897, but not estimated for or\nincluded in the output for 1896.\nHowever, although 1896 showed a very decided increase over 1895,\n1897 shows a still greater advance in the production of gold, silver, lead\nand copper.\nTABLE III.\nAmount and Value of Materials Produced, 1896 and 1897.\nCustomary\nMeasures.\n1896.\n1897.\nQuantity\nValue.\nQuantity\nValue.\nGold, Placer\t\nOz\t\n27,201\n62,259\n3,135,343\n3,818,556\n24,199,977\n894,882\n615\n? 544,026\n1,244,180\n2,100,689\n190,926\n721,384\n2,688,666\n3,075\n15,000\n25,676\n106,141\n5,472 971\n5,325,180\n38,841,135\n882,854\n17,832\n\" Lode\t\nOz\t\n2 122 820\nSilver\t\nOz\t\nLbs\t\n3,272 836\n266,258\n1,890 517\nCopper \t\nLead\t\nLbs\t\nCoal \t\nTons, 2,240 lbs.\n2,648,562\n89,155\n151,600\nCoke \t\n$ 7,507,946\n?10,455,268\nTABLE IV.\nProduction of Metals per District and Division.\nName.\nCariboo\t\nBarkerville Division.\nLightning Creek \"\nQuesnellemoutb. ''\nKeithley Creek \"\nCassiab\t\nKootenay, East\t\nKootenay, West\t\nAinsworth Division ...\nNelson \"\nSlocan I\nTrail Creek \"\nOther parts\t\nLillooet \t\nYale \t\nOsoyoos \t\nSimilkameen\t\nYale\t\nOther Districts\t\nDivisions.\n1896. 1897.\n82,900\n53,000\n51,100\n197,050\n$ 65,000\n25,000\n35 000\n200,000\nDistricts.\n1896. 1897\n1,050\n315,626\n545,529\n1,854,011\n1,243,360\n14,209\n440,545 .\n789,215 .\n3,280,686 .\n2,097.280 .\n157,977 .\n*21,000\n154,427\n4,002,735\n33,665\n206,078\n325,000\n37,060\n163,796\n6,765,703\n39,840\n226,762\n181,220\n9,000\n65,108\n142,982'.\n25,100\n58,680\n15,000\n9,390\n'? 4,816,955' $7,567,551\n*For Cassiar, the production of ?25,000 in 1896 from Omineca was lately reported.\nFor more detailed statements see report on Slocan and Trail Creek Division.\nUWBJtRWWJUtPMW WMWIW 1 \u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00C2\u00BB m 1\nHW*WiWB 64\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nPlacer Gold,\nTable V. continues the yearly production of placer gold to date as\ndetermined by the returns sent in by the banks and express companies\nof gold sold to the mints, and from returns sent in by the Gold Commissioners and Mining Recorders. To these yearly amounts one-third\nwas added up to the year 1878, and from then to 1895, one-fifth, which\nproportions were considered to represent approximately, the amount of\ngold sold of which there was no record.\nThe gold output for 1897 shows no advance over 1896. This placer\ngold contains from 10 to 25 per cent, silver, but the silver value has not\nbeen separated from the totals as it would be insignificant.\nTABLE V.\nYield of Placer Gold per Year to Date.\n1858\n1859\ni860\n1S61\n1862\n1863\n1864\n1865\n1866\n1867\n1868\n1869\n1870\n1871\n.1872\n1873\n1874\n1875\n1876\n1877\n7\u00C2\u00B05i\n,615\n,228,\n,666\n,656;\n.913,\n,735,\n,49i,\n,662,\n,48o:\n,372\n,774.\n,33\u00C2\u00B0,\n,799\n,610.\n,3\u00C2\u00B05i\n,844,\n,474,\n,786.\n608,\n000\n070\n543\n118\n903\n563\n850\n205\n106\n868\n972\n978\n956\n440\n972\n749\n618\n004\n648\n182\n1878.\n1879.\n1880.\n1881.\n1882.\n1883\n1884.\n1885.\n1886.\n1887.\n1888.\n1889.\n1890.\n1891.\n1092.\n1893-\n1894.\n1895.\n1896.\n1897.\nT,275\n1,290\n1,013\n1,046\n954\n794:\n736\n713\n903\n693\n616\n588;\n49\u00C2\u00B0\n429\n399\n356\n4051\n481\n544\n,204\n,058\n,827\n,737\n,085\n252\n165\n738\n65 x\n709\n73i\n923\n,435\n811\n,526\nT3T\n5i6\n683\n026\nTotal $59,317,47 *\nTABLE VI.\nSince last report further information has been secured that has\nmodified in some details this table as it then appeared, more especially\nin reference to the production of lead. This information of production\nin the earlier years is obtained from the \" Mineral Statistics and Mines\nfor 1896,\" Geological Survey of Canada. APPENDICES.\n65\nPRODUCTION OF LODE MINES.\nGold.\nValue.\nm-\n18891\n1890'\n1891;\n1892\n1893\n1894\n1895\n1898'\n1897,\nT'ls\nLead.\nPounds.\n17,690\n79,780\n53.192\n70,427\n4,500\n77,160\n!27,000\n746.379\nI,I70| 23,404\n6,252! 125,014\n39,264 785,2711,496,522\n62,259 1,244,180 3,135,343\n106,141 2,122,820[ 5,472,971\n$\n17,331\n75,ooo\n47,873\n73,948|\n4,000\n66,935\n195,000\n470,219!\n204,800\n674.500\n165,100!\nNil\nNil\n808,420\n2,135.023\n5,662,52;\n977,22916,475,464\n2,100,08924,199 977\n3,272,836138,841,135\n215,086 $4,300,68911,380,964 $7,301,06089,166,942 $2,971,618.10,421,256 $521,060 15,094,427\nValue.\n),2l6\n),8i3\ni,498]\nCopper.\nPounds. I Value.\nTotal\nValues.\n[,064!\t\n1,996\t\n1,875 324.680 16,234\ni.255 952,840 47,642\n.384 3,818,556 190,926\n',517 5,325,1801 266,258'\n26,547\n104,813\n54-371\n73,948\n4,000\n99.999\n297,400\n781,342\n2,342,397\n4,257,179\n7,052,431\nSee reports irom Slocan and Trail Creek Divisions for more detailed statements.\nCoal,and Coke\nYear. Tons (2,240 H)s.)\n1836-52.\n1852-59...\n1859(2 mos)\ni860\t\n10,000.\n25,39\u00C2\u00B0-\n1,989.\n14,246.\n13,774-\n18,118.\n2i,345-\n28,632.\n32,819.\n25,115-\n3i,239-\n44,005.\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 $\nTABLE VII.\nProduction per\ncoal.\nValue. Year.\n1880\t\nYear to Date.\n1861....\n1862....\n1863....\n1864....\n1865....\ni866\"--\n1867....\n1868....\n1869 35,002\t\n1870 29,843\t\n1871-2-3. 148,549\t\n1874 81,547\t\n1875 110,145\t\n1876 I39,I92\t\n1877 154,052\t\n1878 170,846\t\n1879 241,301\t\n40,000\n101,592\n7,956\n56,988\n55,096\n72,472\n85,380\n115,528\n131,276\n100,460\n124,956\n176,020\n143,208\n119,372\n493,836\n244,641\n330,435\n417,576\n462,156\n512,538\n723,903\n1881.\n1882.\n1883.\n1884.\n1885.\n1886.\n1887.\n1888.\n1889.\n1890.\n1891.\n1892.\n1893-\n1894.\n1895.\n1896.\n1897.\nTons (2,\n267\n228\n282\n213\n394\n265\n326\n413\n489\n579\n678\n1,029\n826\n978\n1,012\n939\n896\n882\n240 B>s.)\n595- \u00E2\u0080\u00A2\u00E2\u0080\u00A2$\n357-\nmm\n299.\n070.\n,596.\n636.\n360.\n301.\n830.\n140.\n097.\n335.\n294.\n953-\n654-\n222.\n854.\nValue.\n802,785\n685,071\n846,417\n639,897\n1,182,210\n796,788\n979,908\n1,240,080\n1,467,903\n1,739,490\n2,034,420\n3,087,291\n2,479,005\n2,934,882\n3,038,859\n2,818,962\n2,688,666\n2,648,562\nTotals. 12,081,687 $36,626,585\n1895-6 .\nCOKE.\n.17,831.\nJ 7,825\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 89,155\nTotal 19,396 tons. $96,980\nThe above table shows little change during the past year in the coal\nproduction, but a decided increase in the output of coke, of which the\nbulk has been shipped to the Kootenay smelters. All of this coke came\nfrom the coke ovens at Comox, Vancouver Island.\nA new and important market for this coke is now opening in\nMexico, where one shipload has already been sent to one of the large\nsmelting works situated not far from the coast. 66\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nTABLE VIII.\nProduction in Detail of the Metalliferous\nDistricts.\nTons.\nGold\u00E2\u0080\u0094Placer.\n1\nGold\u00E2\u0080\u0094Lode.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0< 1\n!* 1\nOunces Value.\nOunces Value.\nI\n1\nBarkerville Division \t\n1896\t\n1897|\t\n4,14\u00C2\u00A3\n3,25t\n2,65(\n1,25C\n2,55\u00C2\u00A3\n1.75C\n9,853\n10,000\n1,050\n1,853\n1,054\n*600\n82,900\n65 000\n53,000\n1891\n189\"\n189E\n1895\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n\t\n2,497\nQuesnellemouth \" \t\n25,00(\n51,100\n35,000\nQuesnelle Forks, Keithley Creek\n200,000\n21,000\n37,060\n21,076\n12,000\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\nXX 1 -\n5,556\n30,160\n50,014\n16,560\n33,667\n88,075\n68 804\n58\n1,781\n755\n275\n5,500\n236\n4,720\n41,520\n162\n193\n55,275\n97 024\n35\n9\nTrail Creek \" \t\n3,040\n3,860\n1,104,500\n1,940,480\nOther \" \t\n231\n300\n1,683\n1,874\n4,627\n6,000\n33,665\n700\n180\nYale \t\n37,480\n118\n2,360\nOsoyoos Division\t\n1896\nL897\n1896\n1897\n1896\n1897\n897\n897\n896\n897\n6,561\n6,674\n6,098\n290\n440\n' 450\n1,175\n3,255\n2,934\n250\n8,800\n9,000\n23,500\n65,108\n58,680\n133,480\nYale \" \t\n5,000\n47\n940\nTotals \t\n|\n169,362\n27,201\n25,676\n$544,026\n$518,520\n62,259\n106,141\n$1,244,180\n$2,122,820\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2No returns or placer gold. f Yield of platinum for 1897, $1,600. APPENDICES.\n67\nt Mines for 1896 and 1897.\nSilver. Copper.\nLead.\nTotals for\nDivisions.\nTotals for\nDistricts.\nOunces\nValue. Pounds.\nValue.\nPounds.\nValue.\n1896\n1897\n1896 1897\n$\n$\n?\n$\n$\n? $\nI\n82,900\n65,000\n25,000\n53,000\n51,100\n35,000\n200,000\n197,050\n '*\"3|hH\n21,000\n37,060\n73,796\n49,443\t\n2,808,411\n2,291,451\n83,908\n82,036\n154,427\n116,657\n69,760\t\n163,796\n4,002,73\"\n6,765,703\n371,097\n250,665\t\n3,186,592\n3,543,237\n94,961\n126,848\n345,626\n440,545\n524,578\n313,697 \t\n423,413 2,237,921\n574,752 3,4>3,644\n1,309,353\t\n111,896\n172,682\n631,960\n545,529\n1,854,011\n961,124\n7,291\n18,165,074\n30,707,705\n261\n541,618\n1,099,336\n789,215\n1,954,258\n3,641,287\n89,285\n2,177,490 ..\n3,280,686\n59,830 1,580,635\n65,821 1,819 586\n7,985\t\n79,030\n90 979\n1,243,360\n14,209\n110,068\n29,900\n2,291,451\n897\n82,0*6\n2,097,280\n11917\n116,657\n69,761\t\n157,977\n33,665\n\t\n39,840\n206,078\n226,762\n131,220\n1,174\n702\n142,982\n9,000\n25,100\n65,108\n|\n58 680\n1426\n' 853 51,950\n2,597\n\t\n9,390\n150,000\n$190,926\n266,258\n24,199,977\n38,841,135\n3,135,343\n$2,100,6891 3,818,556\n3,272,836 5,325 180\n$ 721,384\n1,390,517\n$4,801,955\n$7,317,465\n$7,717,551\nunnjuwwiwimil'Mmww1 68\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n69 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nSALMON SHIPMENTS IN DETAIL.\n1897\nCases.\n1896\nCases.\nI\n1895 1894\nCases. Cases.\n1894\nCases.\nEngland\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 London direct\t\nLiverpool direct\t\noverland...\nVia other ports\t\nOverland (previous ye\nEastern Canada\t\n335,966\n4,957\n407,738\n38,373\nars) ...\n130,815\n28,579\n226\n4,823\n74,000\n182,253 96,459 94,203\n9,076 \t\n322,364 256,301 222,345\n11,405 \t\n 29,590 59,296\n 65,647 20,424\n51,051 79,283 76,009\n11.60Q 1 8.8^2 1^.078\n148,332\n253,833\n25,703\n27,445\n114.792\n8,830\nOther destinations\t\nLocal Sales \t\nStocks on hand \t\n2,128\n3,844\n7,850\n4,326 2,642\n25,952 4,374\n150\n2,93i\n8,213\nTotal\t\n1,015,477\n601,570\n566,395 | 494,371\n590,229\nBr. ship\nBr. str.\nBr. ship\nGer. bark\nBr. bark\n>Ger. ship\nBr. bark\nGer. ship\nBr. str.\nBr. bark\nSwed.ship\nDan. bark\nBr. ship\nSALMON FLEET, SEASON 1897.\nIrby Sailed\nTekoa \"\nCity of Benares \"\nSeestern ''\nLebu \"\nAdelaide \"\nOct. 8th 60,452\nOct. 22nd 45,198\nNov. 5th 68,707\nNov. 15th 65,954\nDec. 21st 31,362\nUec. 31st 54,293\nCASES.\nTo London direct.\n5,966\nBalmore Sailed Oct.\nKehrewieder\nTekoa \t\nSilberhorn ..\nLady Lina...\nIrvine\t\nIolanthe\t\n5th 67,533\n12th 54.571\n22nd 51,721\n25th 84,107\nOct.\nOct.\nOct.\nNov. 10th 56,249\nNov. 18th 27,080\nNov. 23rd 66,577\nTo Liverpool direct.... 407,738\nTotal by sea to England 733,7\u00C2\u00B04 APPENDICES.\n71\nRECAPITULATION\nOf the Yield and Value of the Fisheries of British Columbia for the Year 1896.\nKinds of Fish.\nSalmon, in one pound cans Lbs.\n\" fresh '<\nI salted Brls.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 smoked jjg, i,bs.\nSturgeon, fresh, dressed \"\nHalibut, fresh . ..13?. \"\nHerring, fresh <<\n'' smoked \"\nI salted 18 Brls.\nOolachans, fresh Lbs.\ni smoked \"\nI salted \". Brls.\nTrout, fresh I,bs.\nFish, assorted and mixed |\nSmelts, fresh a\nCodfish, fresh .\"... \"\nSkill, salted Brls.\nFur-sealskins No.\nHair-seal skins \" .\nSea otter \"\nClams .la Bush.\nMussels ((\nOysters\t\nClams, canned in one pound can\t\nCrabs\nQuantity.\nAbelonies\t\nShrimps and prawns,\t\nCaviare Lbs.\nIsinglass ,\u00C2\u00A7||\t\nFish oil Galls.\nEstimate of fish consumed in the Province and not\nincluded in the above \t\nTotal.\n29,853\n1,229,\n2\n41\n380\n2,276\n191\n360\n9:\nI\n64\n425\n55\n287\n55\n3\nPrice.\n,056\n595 I\n413\n350\n,500\n,556\n,000\n050\n,000\n000\n50\u00C2\u00B0\n,060\n500\n,400\n,000 I\n200\n70\n677\n,700\n23\n8,000\n16,944\n2,780\n61,500\n05\n05\n03\n10\n5 00\n\u00C2\u00B05\n10\n10 00\n10\n05\n\u00C2\u00B05\n05\n10 00\n9 00\n75\n175 cm\n15\n30\nValue.\n$2,985\n122\n24\n10\n19\n6,45\n,305 60\n,959 50\n.,130 00\n,337 50\n,025 00\n,827 80\n,730 00\n,105 00\n,,000 00\n,000 00\n950 00\n',600 00\n,450 00\n,270 00\n,75\u00C2\u00B0 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\n,360 00\n700 00\n,093 00\n:,775 00\n.,025 00\ni,ooo 00\n480 00\n.,800 00\n1,541 60\n,,ooo 00\n600 00\n,000 00\n830 00\n750 00\n.,600 00\n250,000 00\n501\n$4,l83,999 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\nCapital invested in Fisheries and Fishing Material in British Columbia, including\nthe Fur-seal Fleet, Boats, etc., for the Year 1896.\nMaterial.\nValue.\n59 salmon canneries, complete $ 20,000\n12 oil factories \t\n4 freezers and cold storage \t\n6 salteries I\t\n129 vesssel\t\n3,718 boats employed in fishing\t\n618,325 fathoms of gill nets\t\n10,340 fathoms of seines\t\nScows and flat boats\t\nHalibut and sturgeon fishing gear\t\nm\n64 vessels employed in fur-sealing\n263 boats \" \"\n442 canoes \" \"\nGrand total.\n379,98o\n26,300\n11,050\nTotal.\n$1,180,000\n38,000\n30,000\n3,000\n266,415\n164,130\n464,400\n15,800\n19,591\n15,912\n12,197,248.\n417\n$2,614,578\nHands employed in boat fishing, curing and canning fish 13.854\n1 I fishing vessels 373\nSailors and hunters in sealing fleet (white) 809\n\" Pwi \" \" \" (Indians) 889\u00E2\u0080\u009415,925\n\"WMSWLiUH 72\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nReturn showing the Number, Tonnage and Value of Vessels\ntity and Value of Fishing Materials, Kind and Quantities ol\nVessel's and Boats Employed.\nVessels.\nBoats.\nsi\nS\nd>\no\n,o\n\u00C2\u00A9\n2\n_j\na\n0\ncu\na3\njg\n1\nrA\nI\n1 Fraser River District\t\n2 Rivers Inlet District\t\n3 Skeena River District\t\n4 Naas River District\t\n5 East Coast Queen Charlotte Island\n6 West Coast Queen Charlotte Island\n7 Cape Scott to Comox\t\n8 Comox to Victoria\t\n9 Victoria to Cape Beale \t\n10 Cape Beale to Cape Scott\t\nTotals\nKlHD OF\nDistricts.\nS3\nd\n1\n- 1\nJHJII\nbo\n-*d J0\na>\n0\nbog too\n,u\nc^ o5\nH\nbs e-a\nefl\na)\n\u00C2\u00A3\nm\nK ltd\n1 Eraser River District \t\n2'Rivers Inlet District\t\n3 Skeena River District ;,.';\t\n4|Naas River District\t\n5 East Coast Queen Charlotte Island.\n6|West Coast Queen Charlotte Island.\n7 Cape Scott to Comox\t\n8 Comox to Victoria\t\n9 Victoria to Cape Beale\t\n10 Cape Beale to Cape Scott\t\nTotals.\n2276556 190000\n210501000\nCatch of Canadian fur seal fleet 3\u00C2\u00A7\t\nOysters, $4,800; clams, $6,000; mussels. $480; shfjiaps and prawns, $4,800 \t\nCrabs, $18,000; abelonies, $60iSslnglass, $750\t\nCaviar, 2,780 lbs. at 30c, $834; cans clams, 16,944 lbs. figlSc., $2,541.60 \t\nEstimated value of fish of various kinds consumed in the Province and not included\nGrand total APPENDICES.\n73\nand Boats, and the Number of Men engaged in the Fisheries, Quan-\nFish, etc., in the Province of British Columbia, for the year 1896.\nFishing Materials.\nKinds of Fish and Fish Products.\nSturgeon\nGill-Nets.\nSeines.\nLines and\nNets.\nft\n.a\nOfc\na\nO\nCD\no\nCI\nCO o\nQJ\no\n,1-j\n0\nsi\n3\n3 \u00C2\u00AB\n3\na\nc3 CS\nm\n>\nfcl\n>\n>\n>\nCQ\nO o\nSi\n\u00C2\u00A7a\n396900\n75000\nllf025\n21700\n3000\n1200\n1500\n3000\n2000\n2000\n$\n295425\n56.!-01\n86250\n16275\n3000\n1200\n1000\n2000\n1500,\n1500\n2000\n310\n1450\n250 '\n300\n350\n4000\n1000\n680\n$\n3000\n465\n2175\n375\n450\n475\n6000\n1500\n1360\n618325 464400 10340 15800\n$\n14566\n7012\n1000\n3025\n50\n1000\n100\n1000\n30'i\n250\n3000\n4000\n200\n19591\n15912\n793\n120\n500\n200\n50\n902595\n105110\n150000\n10000\n1500\n50\n50\n150\n500\n25000\n100000\n25000\n5000\n2413 1229595\n8000\n5000\n750\n10000\n2000\n600\n5000\n7500\n2500\n41350\n18016544 355500|\n5295888\n5595312\n703152\n25000\n242160 10\n29853056 380500\nFish and Fish Products\nValue.\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0s\no\n1 \u00C2\u00A3\nOS . So\nAsi \szM\no* OO\noj o> \-z a\nOVh o \u00C2\u00AB1\no p\nm\nSi\nO\nX.\nI\nGO 1\nIs |\n677\n454\n6,549\n2,819\n3,644\n928\n9.058\nJapan Coast \t\n7.321\n1,382\nis.60?\nCopper Island Coast\t\nBehring Sea\t\nTotal\t\n; 12>943\ni6,449\n29,392\n1,018\nIndian Canoe Catch *....,\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2 Grand Total \t\n30,41\u00C2\u00B0 APPENDICES.\n75\nThe Sealing Catch for the Past Eight Years has Been :\n1889 35.3io 1894 97.474\n1890 43,325 1895 74.124\n1891 52.365 1896 55.677\n1892 49,743 1897 5\u00C2\u00B0.4io\n1893 70.592\nList of the Claims for Compensation and Awards in Respect of\nthe Seizures of British Vessels in Behring Sea by the\nAuthorities of the United States.\nYear.\nVessel.\nAmount\n\u00E2\u0099\u00A6Claimed.\n1886.\nAmount\nAwarded.\nCarolena $ 38,089 25 \$ 22,362 43\nThornton 42,163 04 22,663 63\nOnward 45.570 10 I5.7I5 74\nFavorite 6,202 00 5,367 08\nBlack Diamond 10,687 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0 8,075 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\n1887.\n1889.\n1\n|W. P. Sayward | 47,984 96\nAnna Beck 54.3\u00C2\u00B09 \u00C2\u00B08\nAlfred Adams 20,746 00\nDolphin 68,897 71\nGrace 64,498 25\nI Ada 61,003 07\nTriumph\n5,325 50\nJuanita 32,481 00\nPathfinder 34,622 00\nBlack Diamond 41,901 00\nLilly 34,574 \u00C2\u00B0o\nMinnie 40,407 00\nTriumph 40,950 00\nAriel 20,061 00\nKate 22,384 00\nWanderer 18,897 00\n1890.\n1892.\nPathfinder.\nHenrietta 21.404 10\nOscar and Hattie ' 11,365 \u00C2\u00B0o\nWinnifred 6,633 05\nCosts in Sayward case.. 62,847 12\n20,262 72\n35,058 69\n16,362 07\n50,883 38\n42,339 17\n33,782 70\n2,828 29\n17,195 45\n20,641 12\n22,701 31\n17,571 48\n12,657 57\n23,H5 77\n7.4o6 03\n4.565 31\n1,170 67\n12,021 04\n2,965 05\n4,344 57\nPersonal Claim.\n51,091 17\nTotal $857,702 23 $473,145 44\n\u00E2\u0099\u00A6Interest on above at the rate of 7 per cent., from dates mentioned in\nthe particulars until payment.\nUNBIMW\nBBSS BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n77\nList of Trees of British Columbia.\nBOTANICAL NAME.\nENGLISH NAME.\nFRENCH NAME.\nAbies amabilis\t\nWhite fir\t\nSapin blanc\nGros sapin\nSapin des monts\nErable\nAcer macrophyllum . .\nWestern white fir\t\nMountain balsam ....\nLarge-leaved maple ..\nVine maple .,\t\nAlnus rubra \t\nRed alder\t\nAune rouge\nArbute\nRouleau\na canot\nCornouillier\nCedre rouge\nEpinette rouge\ndes monts\n'' rouge\nPetite epinette\nEpinette noir\nGrosse epinette\nEpinette blanche\nCin blanc\nCyprus\nPin blanc\nCypres\nPin jaune ou rouge\nBetula occidentalis ....\nCornus Nuttallii\t\nJuniperus Virginiana ..\nLarix Americana\n| Lyalli\t\noccidentalis\t\nWestern birch \t\nCanoe birch\t\nWestern dogwood ....\nRed cedar\t\nAmerican larch\t\nMountain larch\t\nWestern larch\t\nWhite spruce\t\n'' Engelmannii....\nWestern black spruce.\nBlack spruce\t\n'' Sitchensis\t\nPinus albicaulis\t\nWestern white spruce.\nScrub pine\t\n'' monticola\t\n'' Murrayana\t\nWhite Mountain Pine.\nBlack pine \t\n\" ponderosa\t\nYellow Pine\t\nWestern crab-tree ....\nBalsam Poplar\t\nCottonwood\t\nPopulus balsamifera...\n\" monilifera....\nPaumier\nBiard\n\" tremuloides...\nAspen \t\nLremble\n'' trichocarpa ...\nTiard\nCherry\t\nLerisier\ni c\nPseudotsuga Douglassi.\nQuercus Garryana\t\n\" lasiandra\t\nTaxus brevifolia\t\nThuya gigantea\t\n'' excelsa\t\nWestern white oak ....\nLance-leaved willow...\nWillow\t\nWestern vew\t\nGiant cedar\t\nYellow cypress or cedar\nPin d'Oregon\nChene\nSaule\nIf\nGrand cedre\nCedrejaune\nPruche\nX c\nTsuga Mertensiana....\n\" Pattoniana\t\nStatement showing the timber cut during 1897, not including that\nfrom the Dominion and the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway lands:\nFEET.\nOn Crown lands 61,961,647\nOn timber leaseholds 39,014,010\nOn private property 4.963.74\u00C2\u00B0\nTotal 105,939.397 feet.\niw,MHBnnj\u00C2\u00BBiMm.m 78\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n79 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nGAME OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.\nBy R. E. Gosnell, Ex-Provincial Librarian.\nBritish Columbia is a Province of big things\u00E2\u0080\u0094big mountains, big\ntrees, big fish, big ideas and big game. In time it will probably breed\na generation of big men. For the sportsman it possesses many attractions ; and although it cannot boast of such royal beasts as inhabit the\njungles of Africa or India, or afford such excitement as is afforded by\nthe pursuit of wild boar in the f oreife of Germany, yet it is tolerably\nproud of its grizzly, its big horn sheep and|j|s mountain goat, and its\npanther and black bear. It has also those noble animals the wapiti,\nthe cariboo and moose, while the black bear and wood wolf are not\nuncommon. Once upon a time it included within its limits the buffalo,\nand may yet in its most northwesterly confines contain a few wood\nbison. It was once, too, a prolific breeding ground for beaver, otter\nand fox; and although the numbers of these have been greatly reduced\nthey are hunted still.\nIn feathered game the list is a long one, including varieties of\ngrouse, ducks and geese, and pheasants have been added to the number\nand are spreading rapidly in the Coast districtalfc There are also the\nswan, heron, bittern, loon and pelican. Eagles, hawks and owls\nabound.\nNeedless to say our waters, ocean and inland, teem with fish, the\nprincipal sought as game being trout and salmon; but food fishes\ngenerally, such as halibut, sturgeon, cod, sMl, herring, oolachan,\nsmelt, sea bass and anchovy are found in great abundance. Those who\neven wish to hunt whale, blackfish and seal, either for fun or profit,\nmay have their wishes gratified. So that there is neither lack of\nabundance nor variety for sportsmen, professional hunter or collector.\nIn fact, there is no element of good sport, danger, adventure, hardship,\nexcitement or pleasure lacking. There is a plenitude afbstimulatdng\nscenery\u00E2\u0080\u0094mountain and vale, forest and stream, lake and river, inlet,\npromontory, fjord and glacier, and cataract, and an invigorating atmosphere, pleasant and salubrious, a combination of favourable conditions\nand rare effects, a sportsmen's paradise.\nIn the list of big game entitled to first consideration is the grizzly,\nthe monarch of the Rockies, appropriately designated ursus horribUia,\nbecause no other animal is so well calculated to inspire terror. He is\nfound distributed over the whole of the mainland of British Columbia,\nfrom the south to the extreme north. His home is in the mountains,\nwhere it is well to leave him. unmolested unless equipped with a stout APPENDICES.\n8r\nheart, a sure aim and an unerring rifle. The black bear is quite\ncommon everywhere, but keeps himself well secreted as a. rule, and is\nrarely seen within the precincts of civilized life.\nNext to the grizzly in importance is the big horn or mountain sheep\n(ovis canadensis). He is distributed over the interior mountains of\nthe Mainland from the 49th parallel up into the Cassiar, and his pursuit\naffords the rarest sport. A favorite resort is in the mountains of the\nSimilkameen country, near the boundary line, where many go to\nhunt him. The head and horns of the male are greatly prized as\ntrophies, and on this account the big horn has been ruthlessly slaughtered,\nespecially by Indians, and is becoming rather scarce. On the Arms of\nthe Province this animal is associated as supporters with the noble\nwapiti, or American elk (Cervis canadensis), representing in a fitting\nway the union of the Mainland and the Island, the one having its\nhabitat on the former and the other on the latter, and typifying\nstrength and dignity. The wapiti formerly inhabited the southern\nMainland as well, but is now exclusively confined to the Island, and is\ntolerably abundant, chiefly through the interior, west coast, Comox\nand to the northward.\nAssociated also in the minds of sportsmen with the big horn is the\nmountain goat, otherwise known as antelope, goat and white goat\n(Mazama Montana). He is found in nearly all the mountains of the\nMainland, but in greatest numbers along the summit of the Coast\nRange. Although frequenting high and comparatively inaccessible\nplaces, this animal is much easier prey than the big horn and is very\nabundant.\nAfter the elk the two more important members of the deer family\nare the woodland caribou (Rangifer caribou) and the moose (Alee\namericarvus). The former of these noble animals inhabits the interior\nof the Mainland throughout, and is abundant in places. The latter is\nfound only in the northerly limits of the Province and mainly on the\nArctic slope.\nThe other members of the family are the black tailed deer (Cariacus\ncolumbianus), abundant everywhere west of the Cascades, including\nthe Islands; the mule deer (Cariacus rnacrotis), abundant on the\nMainland, east of, including the Cascades, from Kootenay to Chilcotin,\nand the white-tailed or \" common \" deer (Cariacus virginianus),'less\ncommon in this Province and confined to Okanagan and Kootenay,\nThe musk ox (Evidos moschatus), of which a fine specimen is to\nbe seen in the Provincial museum, belongs to the barren lands of\nCanada, very far north.\nIf we except the panther, wolf, lynx, wolverine and fox, the fore-\nI\nWWBLftfiBBHBH\nm mu.mj hiiiumwjihwi hvi BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\ngoing would complete the list of big game. The panther (Felis con-\ncolor), sometimes referred to as the mountain lion, and identical with\nthe puma or cougar, farther south, is not the ferocious animal usually\npictured, rarely, if ever, attacking man, but very destructive of sheep\nand pigs. It is found on the Mainland, but is much more common on\nthe Island of Vancouver. The grey or wood wolf (Caius occidentalis)\nis found throughout the Province at large, but is a solitary beast and\navoids the settled districts. The coyote, or prairie wolf (C latrans)\nis common in the southern interior, where it is understood to be on the\nincrease and described by the farmers as a nuisance. The Canada\nlynx (Lynx canadensis) and wild cat (L.pasciatus) are-both found on\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A2the Mainland, but neither is abundant. The wolverine (Gulo luscus)\nhas its habitat on the Mainland, though not unknown on the Island.\nOn the Mainland, east of the Cascades, the cross fox is found. \u00E2\u0080\u00A2\nAmong the lesser animals that may be included as- game, are the\nnorthern hare (Lepus ainericanus), east of the Cascades; Jack rabbit\n(L. texianus) and Baird's hare (L. bairdii), both belonging to the\nOkanagan district; the raccoon (Procyon lotor), coast line of the\nProvince; land otter (Lutra canadensis), throughout the Province;\nthe beaver (Castor fiber), likewise general; musk rat (Fiber zebettu-\ncus), on the Mainland; the pocket gopher, in the southern interior; the\nwestern porcupine (Erethizen epizanthus), Mainland at large; and\nthe flying squirrel, several varieties of marmots, the brown weasel,.\nand the American badger. The foregoing are nearly all represented.\nAmong the larger mammals reference may be made to the northern\nsea lion'(i?. stelli), the hair and fur seal, the bay porpoise, whale and\nsea otter.\nThe game fish are practically\nthese are widely distributed and\nevery lake and river and water in\nlocal classifications of trout, such\ntrout; but these are all identical\none to fifteen to twenty pounds, ;\nlakes. White fish are found in\nfall of the year salmon may be tr\nand afford excellent sport.\nlimited to salmon and trout, although\nvery numerous, and to be found in\nBritish Columbia. There are several\nas sea trout, lake trout and mountain\nin species, and varying in size from\nind sometimes larger in the interior\nsome of the northern lakes. In the\noiled for in any of the bays or inlets\n.When we come to the feathered tribe we have a much greater\nvariety to choose from. Principal among them is the large family of\ngrouse. West of the Cascades we have the Oregon ruffled grouse and\nblue grouse in abundance, and in the valleys and brush lands and open\nspaces\u00E2\u0080\u0094in fact, wherever there is feeding ground there they are. In\nthe Cascades and east are the ruffled grouse, Richardson's grouse, and\nColumbia sharp-tailed grouse. Willow ptarmigan is found north in 5ffis\nAPPENDICES.\n85\nCassiar country, the white-tailed ptarmigan at the summits of the\nMainland mountains, except the coast range, and the rock ptarmigan\nat the summits of the mountains generally. The California quail and\npartridge are becoming common on Vancouver Island, having been\nintroduced from California.\nWater fowl .are, as might be expected, very abundant, and the\nmouths of rivers, bays and-inlets, as well as inland lakes, marshes, etc.,\nswarm with ducks and geese in the fall and winter seasons. There are\nabout twenty-six species of ducks represented, of which the mallard,\nthe American golden eye, butter ball, and other familiar species, are\nvery abundant. Of geese, the black brant, Canada goose, Hutchins\nand American white-fronted, are the most common. Both ducks and\ngeese are shot in great numbers in season. Snipes and plovers, in each\nof which there are several varieties, are'more or less common and\nwidely distributed.\nThe above constitute the principal of the game animals and birds,\nmore extended reference to which, in detail, is impracticable. The list\nis along one and the Province a wide one, and to do the subject justice\nwould require a volume, to be written by such an authority as Mr. John\nPanning, Curator of the Museum, to whose check list much of this\ninformation is to be credited. The extent of country and variety of\nconditions which exist in this Province promise a greater permanency\nfor game than in most countries; but, notwithstanding that,- a decided\ndecrease is noticeable already in some kinds. A special effort should\nbe made to preserve such noble animals as the big horn, cariboo and elk,\nelse, like the buffalo of the prairie, they may become extinct.\nTrrir '-^'i '\u00E2\u0096\u00A0 -\"**^SW5\u00E2\u0080\u0094\u00E2\u0099\u00A6\u00C2\u00AB\u00E2\u0096\u00A0nW\nBamii.t. =\u00C2\u00BB~\nYACHTING I1N BRITISH COI/UMBIA.\nwwwwwwb waii.i.mummn\u00C2\u00BB4.HPWT 84\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n85 86\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE. APPENDICES.\n87\nCLIMATE.\nNo general description will serve the purpose in speaking of the\nclimate of British Columbia. On the Coast it varies considerably, while '\nin the interior the variations are yet more plainly marked.\nDr. Bryce, in \"The Climates and Health Resorts of Canada,\" says :\n\"In all this country,\" from south of Vancouver Island to the Queen\nCharlotte Islands, \" the fruits of temperate climates grow well, and\nfarm animals live out doors the year round. The rich bottoms of the\nFraser delta have long been famous for their great hay crops and pasture\nlands ; but here the extreme of rainfall is met, the mean for six years\nbeing 59.66 inches at New Westminster. The climate of the great\nIsland of Vancouver, running north-west across two degrees of longitude and two degrees of latitude, presents every variety from that at\nthe sea coast, with, as at Esquimalt, a very low daily range, and no\nannual extremes \u00E2\u0080\u0094 the lowest temperature in two years being 8 degs.\nF., the lowest monthly average being 20 degs. F., and the highest in\nsummer being 82 degs. F.\u00E2\u0080\u0094to that as above Alberni on the west coast,\nwhere the Vancouver range rises first into a plateau to 4,000 feet, and\neven to 7,500 feet in Victoria Peak.\"\n\" Apart from the mineral wealth of Vancouver Island, its climate, with\nevery variation possible, becomes most attractive. Its seashore climate\nis milder than many parts of England, with less rain and less seasonal\nvariations.\"\nAttention is directed to the following tables :\nA FAVOURITE CAMPING SPOT.\nmmmi*uw'rl!xi>'*!5Xme. BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nAVERAGE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL RAINFALL AND\nSNOWFALL\nIn inches at ten principal stations in British Columbia, derived from a\ngroup of years.\n1896,\n4.85 1.10\n3!97 6! 74\n20 1.29 1.85 0.36\n1.62 0.40\n6!25 \"6188\n6.66 0.63\n.611 7.81 8.\"<4\n.7 2.8 4.5\n.90 7.51 8.67\n.4 6.4 7.6\n.28156.82 61.96\n.0028.6 48.9\n0.88 0.66 0.34?\n9.2 9.7 26.2 i\n0.00 0.05 0.17\n3.0 5.4 24.3A\n0.01 (1.63 0.08\n1.0 3.0 18.1\n0.50| 0.94| 0.51.\n2.1\n1.64\n3.02\nk'As\n1.3\n1.45\n9.7\n1.01\n25.9\n0.07\n36.8\n17.94\n161.2i\n0.65 0.62\n.... 0.4\n0.51 0.37 0,96\n8.3 11.5 12.2\n0.44 0.28 0 59\n8.6025.0 7.2\n6.87 5.52 11.30\n28.8 59.7 140.00\nCOMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE AVERAGE RAINFALL\nIn inches at ten principal stations in British Columbia in the months\nApril to September, derived from a group of years.\n5.68\n4.57\n4.56\n5 20\n7.79\n10.03\n\u00C2\u00AB\nn\nk*mmHV\"n*m\iui*UHmmmm 94\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\n22. For chartering vessels on amount of freight, actual\nor estimated, to be considered as due when the\n\"charter parties,\" or memorandum of their conditions, etc., are signed 5 Per\n23. On giving bonds for vessels under attachment in\nlitigated cases, on amount of the liability 2% '\n24. For landing and re-shipping goods from vessels in\ndistress on invoice value, or in its absence, on market\nvalue 5\n25. For receiving and forwarding goods on invoice\namount 2^\n26. For advancing on freight to be earned 5\n27. For effecting marine insurance on the amount in\nsured ...._. J4\n28. The foregoing commissions to be exclusive of broker\nage, and every charge actually incurred.\n29. Vessels to pay clerk hire and the labour on wharf,\nsorting and delivering cargo.\n30. The receipt of bills of lading to be considered equiva\nlent to receipt of goods.\n31. Guarantee or security for contracts or liabilities 5\n32. Acting as Trustee on assignments 5\n33. On investments made on mortgage or otherwise 1\nN.B.\u00E2\u0080\u0094Auctioneer's commission and brokerage to be\ncharged when incurred.\n34. Land agents for commission on sale and purchase of\nreal estate 5\n35. Interest on advances for duty, freight and lighterage,\nand on accounts current, per annum I per cent,\nover current bank overdraft rates.\ncent.\nRATES ON STORAGE OF MERCHANDISE.\nSTORAGE PER MONTH.\nOn measurement goods, 50 cents per ton of forty cubic feet (40 c, ft.)\nOn heavy goods, 50 cents per ton of 2,240 pounds. Or in either case,\nthe amount actually paid, if more. The consignee to have the option\nof charging by measurement or weight. Any fraction of a month to be\ncharged as a month.\nREGULATIONS.\n(a.) Concerning the delivery of merchandise, payment of freight,\netc.: When no express stipulation exists per bill of lading, goods are to\nbe considered as deliverable on shore. APPENDICES.\n95\n(b.) Freight on all goods to be paid, or secured to the satisfaction of\nthe captain or consignee of the vessel, prior to the delivery of the\ngoods.\n(c.) After delivery to the purchaser of goods sold, no claims for\ndamage, deficiency or other cause shall be admissable after goods sold\nand delivered have once left the city.\n(d.) When foreign bills of lading expressly stipulate that the freights\nshall be paid in a specific coin, then the same must be procured if\nrequired, or its equivalent given, the rate to be determined by the\ncurrent value at the time at the banks.\nThe foregoing scale of Commercial Charges and Rules and Regulations were approved at the Quarterly General Meeting of the British\nColumbia Board of Trade, held October 21st, 1898.\nPilotage and Port Charges.\nNANAIMO PILOT GROUND.\nThe limits for speaking vessels bound for Nanaimo are at or outside\na line drawn from Schooner Point, Gabriola Island, to Lighthouse\nIsland, and from Lighthouse Island to Horsewell Bluff, Vancouver\nIsland.\nVessels entering by way of Dodd's Narrows (it not being a ship\nchannel) will be charged half Pilotage whether spoken or not, if the\nPilot boat be on the cruising ground.\nDUES.\nThe rates of Pilotage both inward and outward are as follows :\n(a.) For all vessels, irrespective of draught, $3 per foot.\n(b.) For all vessels in tow of a steamer, $2 per foot.\n(c.) For all steam vessels, other than foreign tugs or tug boats\nor steamers employed as such, whose master or mate has\nnot a Pilot's license, one-third (%) less than the above\nrates if a pilot be employed.\niMiuwjnw\u00C2\u00BBxjtHe.wiuniiiwm immmmtammmmm 96 BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nPILOTAGE DISTRICT OF YALE AND NEW WESTMINSTER.\nThe Ports of the Pilotage District of Yale and New Westminster\nare as follows :\nPort of Vancouver;\nPort of New Westminster;\nPort of Yale and the several landings on the Fraser River.\n(I.) The limit of the Port of Vancouver is inside a line drawn from\nPoint Atkinson to the red buoy on Spanish Bank.\n(2.) The limit of the Port of New Westminster is inside a line\ndrawn between the outer buoys and north and south sandheads, at the\nentrance of Fraser River.\nDUES.\nFor vessels entering or clearing from the Port of Vancouver the\nrates of pilotage are as follows :\nVessels under sail $4 oo per foot.\n'' in tow of a steamer 2 oo \"\n\" under steam I 50 \"\nPORT CHARGES.\nPORTS OF ESQUIMALT AND VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA.\nVessels bound to other ports, and coming to an anchor in Royal\nRoads, the Pilotage is free, except the-services of a Pilot are employed,\nwhen Pilotage to the following graduated scale shall be payable :\nInside or north of Race Rocks to Royal Bay $0 75 per foot\nBeachy Head to Royal Bay 1 50 \"\nPillar Point to Royal Bay 3 00 \"\nCape Flattery to Royal Bay 6 00 \"\nFor vessels entering into or clearing from undermentioned ports,\nthe rates are as follows :\nVictoria and Esquimalt Harbours (under sail) $3 00 per foot\n(under steam or in tow) 2 00 \"\n\" (steamers) 1 50 '*\nWhen a vessel is bound to or from any other port in the Province,,\neither laden or in ballast, and does not discharge or receive any cargo,\npassengers or mails, but simply enters it as a harbour of refuge, such\nvessels shall be exempt from Pilotage into and out of Esquimalt,\nexcepting in cases where a Pilot is actually engaged by the Master for\nsuch services. APPENDICES. 97\nESQUIMALT GRAVING DOCK,\ni. Length of dock to gate, 450 feet, level with keel blocks.\n2. Width of gates, 65 feet.\n3. Depth of water varying from 27 feet to 29 feet 6 inches at springs,\naccording to season of year.\nThe use of the dock will be subject to the following tariff, viz.:\nFor the For each following\nGross Tonnage of Vessel. first day of day, including the\ndocking. unlocking day.\nFor all vessels up to 1,000 tons $3\u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0 5 cents per ton\nFrom 1,000 to 2,000 tons 350 00 4^4 \" \"\n( 400 00 4 \" \"\nFor all vessels above 2,000 tons } Up to 2,000 tons, and 2 cents per\nf ton on all tonnage above 2,000.\nAll fractional parts of 50 tons to be counted and paid for as 50 tons.\nESQUIMALT MARINE RAILWAY.\nCradle, length 3\u00C2\u00B0o feet.\nBeam, \u00E2\u0096\u00A0' 60 \"\nCapacity 3.005 tons, d.w.\nFor scale of charges, apply to the Manager, W. F. Bullen,\nVictoria, B.C.\ni\n|\nR\n1\nmJi\n\ ;\nJ\n1 *j\nLY.l\n^W\n\u00C2\u00ABp\nilli\n|l\u00C2\u00A7\u00C2\u00A7f|\n3jH3p\n>\"C3_\"* \u00E2\u0096\u00A0- .-\".\u00E2\u0096\u00A0,;*^\ni}T* -\ \u00E2\u0096\u00A0 -\"\"\"ws 5&gg\n*liiili\nI. M. S. \" WARSPITE\" IN ESQUIMALT GRAVING DOCK.\nKJMKMBJI\u00C2\u00BBWlVX\u00C2\u00BBffAHIUWH\u00C2\u00ABHaiHB*m*HWWBlW BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nRecent Important Placer Gold Discoveries in British\nColumbia.\nATLIN LAKE.\nJust recently important finds have been made this side of the Yukon\nboundary line in British Columbia, which have attracted a good deal of\nNews of the finding of rich placer diggings on Pine Creek, a little\nstream emptying into Atlin Lake, in the northern portion of British\nColumbia, reached Skagway on August 5th, and on the 13th the first\nreports reached Victoria by steamer. The discoverer was a man named\nMiller, who struck gold there a couple of years-ago, but kept the secret\nuntil recently, when he, his brother and some friends made a location,\nand in two days are reported to have taken out $800. The news spread\nrapidly, and in a few days hundreds of prospectors had gathered on the\ncreek and staked claims. E. E. Tennant, who was among the first to\ngo in with the rush, reported that on Discovery claim the owners, with\ntwo sluice boxes of 20 feet each, took out from $1,400 to $2,000 in\nthree days as the result of three men's work. Other reports have been\nreceived, stating that the dirt panned from 10 cents to $7.50, and that\nthis had been found on the six miles of Pine Creek prospected. The\ndiggings are easy of access from Bennett, and the country is of a rolling,\nopen nature, with good timber available. The pay dirt begins at a foot\nfrom the surface, and bed rock is struck at five feet depth. The gold\ntaken out is remarkably pure, and is reported to be worth nearly $18.00\nan ounce. The new diggings can be reached in less than four days\nfrom the coast, going in by the way of Skagway. Pine Creek is in the\nextreme north of British Columbia and just south of Atlin Lake, into\nwhich it flows. Fom Lake Bennett the distance is 120 miles to the\nmouth of Atlin River, where it empties into Taku Arm ; then there is\na mile and a half portage over a level country, where a tram is already\nbeing built. From here the distance to Discovery is 15 miles, the first\nseven by water and the remaining eight by trail.\nLatest advices received at time of going to press, 15th November,\nconfirm the richness and great extent of the gold-bearing area in the\nvicinity of Atlin Lake. Up to September 15th over 1,900 claims had\nbeen staked on fourteen creeks and gulches, and a still greater number\nof bench claims had been staked. It is said that many of these claims\nwill have to be relinquished on or before June 1st, 1899, in consequence\nof the same person having made more than one location. APPENDICES.\n99\nPLACER MINING LAWS AND REGULATIONS\nIN BRITISH COLUMBIA.\nPlacer mining is defined as the mining of any natural stratum or\nbed of earth, gravel or cement for gold or other precious minerals or\nstones. Placer claims are divided into four classes ; and, as the size\nand location of claims vary, according as they fall within one or other\nof these classes, it will be advisable, as a preparatory measure, to become\nfamiliar with the mode and effect of the classification. The following\ntable contains a compilation of the legislation relating to this matter;\nthe claims being measured horizontally, irrespective of inequalities on\nthe surface of the ground.\n\"Creek diggings\" shall mean any mine in the bed of any river,\nstream or ravine, excepting bar diggings; and a \"creek claim\" shall\nbe ioo feet long, measured in the direction of the general course of the\nstream, and shall extend in width from base to base of the hill or\nbench on each side, but when the hills or benches are less than ioo\nfe\"et apart the claim shall be ioo feet square.\n\" Bar diggings \" shall mean any mine over which a river extends\n-when in its flooded state ; and in \"bar diggings\" a claim shall be a\nstrip of land ioo feet long at high water mark, and in width extending\nfrom high water mark into the river to its lowest water level.\n\" Dry diggings'' shall mean any mine over which a river never\nextends, and in \"dry diggings \" a claim shall be ioo feet square.\n\" Bench diggings \" shall mean any mine on a bench, and shall, for\nthe purpose of defining the size of a claim in \"bench diggings,\" be\nexcepted from \"dry diggings;\" and in \"bench diggings\" a claim\nshall be ioo feet square : Provided, that the Gold Commissioner shall\nhave authority, where a bench is narrow, to extend the limits of the\nclaim beyond the limits of the bench, but not to exceed ioo feet square.\n\" Hill diggings \" shall mean any mine on the surface of a hill, and\nfronting on any natural stream or ravine; and in \"hill diggings\" a\nclaim shall have a base line or frontage of ioo feet, drawn parallel to\nthe main direction of the stream on which it fronts. Parallel lines\ndrawn from each end of the base line, at right angles thereto, and\nrunning to the summit of the hill, shall constitute the side lines\nthereof. Legal posts shall be placed ioo feet apart, on both the base\nline and side lines, and no claim shall extend beyond the posts so\nplaced.\nI ^^ffi^WflU--*^!**.^-*-.*\n\u00C2\u00ABwjtwHiwtw\u00C2\u00BBmwwwwwiiWPiwu\u00C2\u00BBMijp.uiHif ioo\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nIn addition to these classes there is a subsidiary class relating to\nprecious stones alone, a further reference to which will be made when\ndealing with the granting of leases. The definition \" Precious stone\ndiggings \" shall mean \"deposit of precious stones, whether in veins,\nbeds, or gravel deposits.\"\nA special right is given to discoverers of new diggings, this being as\nfollows:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nIf any free miner or party of free miners, discover a new mine, and\nsuch discovery be established to the satisfaction of the Gold Commissioner, placer claims of the following size, in dry, bar, bench, creek or\nhill diggings shall be allowed, viz.:\u00E2\u0080\u0094\nTo one discoverer, one claim 300 feet in length.\nTo a party of two discoverers, two claims, amounting together to\n600 feet in length.\nTo a party of three discoverers, three claims, amounting together to\n800 feet in length.\nTo a party of four discoverers, four claims, amounting together to\n1,000 feet in length.\nAnd to each member of a party beyond four in number, a claim of\nthe ordinary size only.\nA creek discovery claim shall extend on each side of the centre of\nthe creek as far as the summit of the hill, but not exceeding 1,000 feet.\nA new stratum of auriferous earth, gravel or cement, situated in a\nlocality where all placer claims are abandoned, shall be deemed a new\nmine, although mines in the same locality shall have been previously\nworked; and dry diggings discovered in the vicinity of bar diggings\nshall be deemed a new mine, and vice versa. A discoverer's claim shall\nbe considered as one ordinary claim, in respect to recording, working\nand representing.\nEvery free miner has the right to enter, locate, prospect, and mine\nfor gold and other precious metals upon any land in British Columbia,\nwhether vested in the Crown or otherwise, except Government reservations for townsites, land occupied by any building, any land falling\nwithin the curtilage of any dwelling house, and any orchard, any land\nlawfully occupied for placer mining purposes, and also Indian reservations. Previous to entry upon lands already lawfully occupied, security\nmust be given for any loss or damage to be occasioned by the miner,\nand the amount due for such loss or damage if not paid by the miner,\nmay be collected by process of law. A free miner has also the right to\nkill game for his own use at any time of the year. APPENDICES. 101\nA placer claim must be as nearly as possible rectangular in form,\nand marked by four legal posts at the corners thereof, firmly fixed in\nthe ground. One of such posts shall be marked as the \" initial post,\"\nand on that post shall be placed a legible notice in writing, stating the\nname of the claim, its length in feet and general direction, with the\ndate of the notice and name of each locator. If any side line of any\nclaim shall exceed ioo feet in length, legal posts shall be placed along\nsuch side line, at distances not exceeding ioo feet. A \"legal post\"\nmeans a stake standing not less than four feet above the ground, and\nsquared or faced on four sides for at least one foot from the top, and\neach side so squared or faced shall measure at least four inches on its\nface so far as squared or faced, or any stump or tree cut off and squared\nor faced to the above height and size.\nTABLE OF CHARGES.\nFor every free miner's certificate issued to an individual $ 5 oo\nFor every free miner's certificate issued to a joint stock company :\u00E2\u0080\u0094\n(a) Having a nominal capital of $100,000.00 or less... 50 00\n(b) Having a nominal capital exceeding $100,000.00 100 00\n[1897, c. 28x s. 22.]\nEvery substituted certificate 1 00\nRecording any claim 2 50\nRecording every certificate of work 2 50\nRecording any \" lay over,\" or every other record required to be\nmade in the '' Record Book \" 2 50\nRecording every abandonment, including the memorandum to\nbe written on the record 2 50\nFor any other record made in the \" Record of Abandonments \". 2 50\nFor recording every affidavit, where the same does not exceed\nthree folios of 100 words 2 50\nFor every folio over three, per folio 3\u00C2\u00B0\nThe above rate shall be charged for all records made in\nthe \" Record of Affidavits \"\t\nFor all records made in the \"Record of Conveyances,\" where\nthe same do not exceed three folios 2 50\nFor every folio over 3, a further charge per folio of. 3\u00C2\u00B0\nFor all copies or extracts from any record in any of the above-\nnamed books, where such copy or extract shall not exceed\nthree folios, per copy 2 5\u00C2\u00B0\nWhere such copies or extracts exceed three folios, per folio for\nevery folio over three 3\u00C2\u00B0\nFor filing any document 25\nFor a Crown Grant 5 \u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0\u00E2\u0096\u00A0WWfWP^lwwnMMWHWMHMWaHf'MJIW.WWWMWWBWWt BRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE.\nKLONDIKE, N. W. T.\nVIA YUKON RIVER.\nVictoria to Dawson City (Klon-\ndyke) via St. Michael, about\t\nVIA DYEA.\nDALTON TRAIL. .\nMiles. Miles.\nVictoria to head ot Chilcat Inlet. 1,000\n4,425 Head of Chilcat Inlet to Fort Selkirk 3\u00C2\u00B0\u00C2\u00B0\nFort Selkirk to Dawson City^.... 140\nTotal.\nVictoria to Dyea \t\nDyea to Tagish Lake\t\nTo Head of March Lake\t\nFoot of March Lake\t\n. Head of Miles Canon\t\nFoot of Miles- Canon\t\nHead of White Horse Rapids\nFoot of White Horse Rapids..\nTaheena River ....\nHead ot Lake La Barge ....\nFoot of Lake La Barge\t\nTeslintoo River\t\nBig Salmon River\t\nLittle Salmon River\t\n- Five Finger Rapids\t\nPelly River \t\nWhite River\t\nStewart River\t\nSixty Mile Creek\t\nDawson City\t\nTotal.\n1 1.000\n72.25\n4.90\n19.06\n25-73\n.62\n1.39\n\u00E2\u0080\u00A23\u00C2\u00BB\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A04-59\n13-15\n3345\n36.21\n59.2\u00C2\u00A7\n58.46\n95-82\n9.80\n21.50\n45-29\nt.575-70\nVIA SKAGWAY.\nVictoria to Skagwav\t\nSkagway to Tagish Lake\nTagish Lake to Dawson City.\n1,440\nMilts.\n9951\nTotal\t\nVIA STICKINE RIVER.\n'Victoria to Wrangel (ocean steamship)\t\nWrangel to Telegraph Creek (river steamers)\t\nTelegraph Creek to Teslin Lake\n(trail). \t\nTeslin Lake to Dawson City\n(Klondyke), (boat)\t\nTotal\t\ni.567\nMiles.\n750\n150\n150\n584\ni,634\nATLIN LAKE, BRITISH COLUMBIA.\nVictoria to Skagway, ocean steamship\t\nSkagway to Lake Bennett, train and waggon road\n.Lake Bennett to Atlin Lake, water and trail\t\nMiles.\n995\n49\n120\n1,061\nDAWSON CITY\u00E2\u0080\u0094JUNCTION OF YUKON AND KLONDIKE RIVERS. 0*\nVIEW TAKEN FROM MOUNT TOLMIE 2*/2 MILES DISTANT, JULY, 1898 v*.^-..*\n\L\nVZU, \o\u00C2\u00AB\"\u00C2\u00B01\nv)f>o\nh<\n.\u00C2\u00AB\u00C2\u00BB'\nM\nWo kP\no\n^\nr.\n's\nCIRCLES CnV*\nVES'\n\u00E2\u0096\u00A0PT\n^XJUOMXyW\nA\u00C2\u00ABA\u00C2\u00BB\u00C2\u00AB*\n^nZLYBBA^L\n3 MCLBOO\\nBAY\ntA^ne S(?e*T SLAVE f\npetty i\n\Ui\nJ/J5CA\n^MkC?' ^\nSKETCH MAP\nOF\nBRITISH COLUMBIA\nAND\n%7\nM*^\n\X3\nVFoF41-AS]f\nSS.\n^\"itf\nWlW\"\ni%\nJedmowton\n^9*\nR^\u00C2\u00A7(i\n/\no**oH\nBHT\u00C2\u00BB* V^ g,\nO\n{ WEEN CHA\u00C2\u00BBtOrT\u00C2\u00BB>\n'SLANDS\nKLONDIKE IN THE CANADIAN YUKON\nSHOWING THE GOLD FIELDS OF THE l ^\nNORTHWEST TERRITORIES and BRITISH-QQLUMBIA . I J\nAND ROUTES THERETO \"^\"^ \"&l&Hi* ft\ncompiled and engraved from the LATEST OFFICIAL REPORTS for yf^ V\"^ftTg\"^ Tjjr\u00E2\u0084\u00A2 \ '.\nTT\nScale of Statute Miles\nAND PUBLISHED BY THE\nBRITISH COLUMBIA BOARD OF TRADE oium, 23 1\nVICTORIA, B.C. \u00C2\u00B0kafna\u00C2\u00BB **88 miles\n\" to Auckiabd., 7988 miles\nEntered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year 1897, by the * q ^ T ' \ \" \"* 1\" '\"X\"*\"\nProvince Publishing Co., Ltd., at the Department of Agriculture. tO Sydney, 8602 1111168 \ \" \" \" Victoria \tO San Francisco, 7lj6 miles\n\"T&e-\nwr\nAP OF BRITISH COLUMBIA FREE ON APPLICATION TO SEORETARY OF BOARD OF TRADE\nLARGE MAP OF KLONDIKE AND CANADIAN YUKON, 50 CTS."@en . "Page 83 misnumbered as 85.

Other Copies: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9778380"@en . "Annual reports"@en . "HF298 .V5"@en . "I-0603-V19"@en . "10.14288/1.0221840"@en . "English"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Victoria : Colonist Printing and Publishing Co."@en . "Images provided for research and reference use only. For permission to publish, copy, or otherwise distribute these images please contact digital.initiatives@ubc.ca."@en . "Original Format: University of British Columbia. Library. Rare Books and Special Collections. HF298 .V5"@en . "British Columbia Board of Trade"@en . "British Columbia--Commerce--Statistics"@en . "Nineteenth annual report of the British Columbia Board of Trade : together with various appendices, list of members, office bearers, commercial charges, etc"@en . "Text"@en .