"Applied Science, Faculty of"@en . "Nursing, School of"@en . "DSpace"@en . "University of British Columbia. NEXUS Spring Institute"@en . "Grunau, Gilat"@en . "Ratner, Pamela"@en . "Hossain, Shahadut"@en . "2009-11-25T01:13:18Z"@en . "2008-04-25"@en . "https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/15752?expand=metadata"@en . "136398 bytes"@en . "application/pdf"@en . "ETHNIC AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTIONS OF MORTALITY RISK Gilat L Grunau Pamela A Ratner Shahadut Hossain GENESIS: Gender and Sex Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease Background \u0001 Cardiovascular disease in women \u00E2\u0080\u0093 the numbers \u0001 Cardiovascular disease in women \u00E2\u0080\u0093 the perception \u0001 Limitations of research to date Methods \u0001 Random sample of men and women, 40 years of age and older, living in Vancouver (n=3,419) \u0001 Administered in 4 languages: English, Punjabi, Mandarin, Cantonese \u0001 Classification of ethnicity Questions 1. Heart disease is the most common cause of death in women in Canada (True or False?) 2. If false, what do you think is the most common cause of death in women? (Open ended, no response options provided) 3. Heart disease is the most common cause of death in men in Canada (True or False?) 4. If false, what do you think is the most common cause of death in men? (Open ended, no response options provided) Analysis \u0001 Chi square \u0001 Logistic regression for Questions 1 and 3. Independent variables: \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Gender \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Age \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Ethnicity \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Income \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Education \u00E2\u0080\u0093 History of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), either personally, in the family or among friends Results \u0001 Of the 3,419: \u00E2\u0080\u0093 976 people completed the survey \u00E2\u0080\u0093 759 refused to participate \u00E2\u0080\u0093 1,684 people were found to be ineligible or could not be contacted. 185 (19.0)Missing 171 (17.5)$100,000 + 107 (11.0)$80,000 \u00E2\u0080\u0093 $99,999 118 (12.1)$60,000 \u00E2\u0080\u0093 $79,999 168 (17.1)$40,000 \u00E2\u0080\u0093 $59,999 150 (15.4)$20,000 - $39,999 77 (7.9)$0-$19,999 Total household income (n (%)) 149 (15.3)Chinese (not born in Canada) 67 (6.9)South Asian (not born in Canada) 221 (22.7)Not born in Canada (Not Chinese/South Asian) 536 (55.1)Born in Canada Ethnicity (n (%)) 3 (0.3)Missing 548 (56.1)Female 425 (43.5)Male Gender (n (%)) 55.5 (11.1)Age (mean (SD) - years) 9 (0.9)Missing 693 (71.0)No 274 (28.1)Yes AMI history in self, family or friend (n (%)) 5 (0.5)Missing 294 (30.1)Baccalaureate or higher 342 (35.0)College/diploma/certificate/incomplete University 243 (24.9)High school 92 (9.4)< High school Education (n (%)) Heart disease most common cause of death in women FALSE TRUE \"Don't know\" 41.18% 48.47% 10.35% Men 37.77% 55.47% 6.75% Women Other causes of death for women \u00E2\u0080\u0093 gender differences 0.00.2No response 2.74.2Don\u00E2\u0080\u0099t know 1.11.6Other (e.g., stroke, heart disease and cancer, cardiovascular disease, car accidents, stress, poverty ) 0.50.9\u00E2\u0080\u009COld age\u00E2\u0080\u009D 0.70.0Ovarian cancer 0.01.9Lung cancer 16.117.2Breast cancer 16.615.1All cancers combined Percent of total women (n=548) Percent of total men (n=425) Heart disease most common cause of death in women \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Ethnicity differences Born in Canada n=536 n (% of born in Canada) Not born in Canada (not Chinese/South Asian) n=221 n (% of not born in Canada, not Chinese/South Asian) South Asian n=67 n (% of South Asian) Chinese n=152 n (% of Chinese) True 330 (61.6) 116 (52.5) 30 (44.8) 35 (23.0) False 179 (33.4) 87 (39.4) 22 (32.8) 96 (63.2) Don\u00E2\u0080\u0099t know 27 (5.0) 18 (8.1) 15 (22.4) 21 (13.8) Logistic Regression Results \u0001 For heart disease is the most common cause of death in men in Canada, none of the explanatory variables was found to be significant \u0001 Knowing that heart disease is the most common cause of death in women was significantly associated with ethnicity \u0001 Interactions of ethnicity with age and with gender were not significant for both outcomes Discussion \u0001 Study included both men and women, can assess gender differences \u0001 Significant ethnic differences in the participants\u00E2\u0080\u0099 understanding of the risk of heart disease mortality in women \u0001 Responses for other causes of death for women raise concern Limitations and Implications \u0001 Wording of question \u00E2\u0080\u0093 vague or leading? \u0001 Chinese community \u00E2\u0080\u0093 why are they different? \u0001 Women will need to see themselves as vulnerable to heart disease before they will be willing to adopt measures to prevent it \u0001 Men will need to see the women in their lives as vulnerable to heart disease to help them take action to prevent it"@en . "Conference Paper"@en . "10.14288/1.0103702"@en . "eng"@en . "Unreviewed"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International"@en . "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"@en . "Faculty"@en . "Researcher"@en . "Health behaviour"@en . "Social context"@en . "Gender"@en . "Ethnicity"@en . "Heart health"@en . "Mortality"@en . "Gender and ethnic differences in perceptions of mortality risk"@en . "Text"@en . "http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15752"@en .