"Non UBC"@en . "DSpace"@en . "British Columbia Mine Reclamation Symposium"@en . "University of British Columbia. Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering"@en . "British Columbia Technical and Research Committee on Reclamation"@en . "Kennedy, Alan J."@en . "Kovach, William"@en . "2009-10-27T20:42:15Z"@en . "1987"@en . "The effects of using unconsolidated runoff material collected from interceptor\nditches as an amendment to soil material on waste dumps was investigated on\nstudy plots at Byron Creek Collieries from 1983 to 1986. Thirty-two plots\nrepresenting replicates of two treatments of runoff material Incorporation\nwere established in random block design on a \"typical\" coal waste dump.\nData were collected on soil quality, vegetation cover and biomass, and tree\nsurvival and growth. Results from three years of study indicate the following\nconclusions.\n1. Unconsolidated runoff material appears to improve texture and moisture\nholding capacity of the soil.\n2. Revegetation potential is increased by using unconsolidated runoff\nmaterial as a soil amendment.\n3. Mortality of outplanted trees is reduced on sites incorporated with\nunconsolidated runoff material.\nFurther evaluation of the study plots is required to determine long term\neffects of this amendment on reclamation success."@en . "https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/14211?expand=metadata"@en . "2036895 bytes"@en . "application/pdf"@en . "Proceedings of the 11th Annual British Columbia Mine Reclamation Symposium in Campbell River, BC, 1987. The Technical and Research Committee on Reclamation -153- THE USE OF UNCONSOLIDATED RUNOFF MATERIAL IN COAL WASTE DUMP RECLAMATION ALAN J. KENNEDY, ENVIRONMENTAL CO-ORDINATOR, ESSO RESOURCES CANADA LTD., 237 - 4th AVENUE S.W., CALGARY, ALTA T2P OH6 BILL M. KOVACH, ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIST, BYRON CREEK COLLIERIES, P.O. BOX I960 SPARWOOD, B.C. VOB 2GO RECLAMATION AND TREATMENT OF ACID GENERATING MINES ELEVENTH ANNUAL MINE RECLAMATION SYMPOSIUM, CAMPBELL RIVER, B.C. APRIL 8-10, 1987 Proceedings of the 11th Annual British Columbia Mine Reclamation Symposium in Campbell River, BC, 1987. The Technical and Research Committee on Reclamation -154- ABSTRACT The effects of using unconsolidated runoff material collected from interceptor ditches as an amendment to soil material on waste dumps was investigated on study plots at Byron Creek Collieries from 1983 to 1986. Thirty-two plots representing replicates of two treatments of runoff material Incorporation were established in random block design on a \"typical\" coal waste dump. Data were collected on soil quality, vegetation cover and biomass, and tree survival and growth. Results from three years of study indicate the following conclusions. 1. Unconsolidated runoff material appears to improve texture and moisture holding capacity of the soil. 2. Revegetation potential is increased by using unconsolidated runoff material as a soil amendment. 3. Mortality of outplanted trees is reduced on sites incorporated with unconsolidated runoff material. Further evaluation of the study plots is required to determine long term effects of this amendment on reclamation success. INTRODUCTION Amendments to mine waste Include any material that when added to a mine spoil reclamation site can: improve nutrient status, mask or buffer toxicity, Increase cation exchange capacity, Increase moisture retention, improve structure aeration, or organic matter content, and increase flora and fauna (Sims et al. 1984). A wide variety of materials have been experimented upon to determine their suitability as a candidate for a mine waste amendment. Some materials that have been suggested Include; topsoil, peat, overburden, sewage, coal ash, gypsum, mulches, soil stabilizers and conditioners, and fertilizer/soil mixtures. Proceedings of the 11th Annual British Columbia Mine Reclamation Symposium in Campbell River, BC, 1987. The Technical and Research Committee on Reclamation -155- Topsoiling has been shown to be an effective surface amendment (Power, Ries and Sandoval, 1976) although the depth of replacement and effectiveness of topsoiling may vary with site specific conditions (Kennedy, 1986). Peat has been shown to be as excellent soil amendment where available (Rowell 1978, 1979; Takyi et al, 1977). Peat tends to improve spoil structure, moisture status and adds essential elements. Mixing peat with spoil appears to be the optimum application procedure (Berry and Klyn, 1974). Mulches generally improve temperature and aeration, decrease runoff, increase infiltration, increase snow catch, and decrease erosion (Graves and Carpenter 1978; Vogel, 1975). However the use of mulches depends on availability, cost, and expectations. These factors vary considerably with different materials (Kay 1977, 1978, 1979). Soil stabilizers are used to reduce erosion and stabilize slopes (Dean et al, 1971). Numerous types are available, however, costs are often high. Therefore combining stabilizers and mulches may be the most cost effective treatment (Plass, 1978). Soil conditioners have been demonstrated to be effective to enhance physical or chemical properties of spoil materials. Derivatives of peat have been used to Increase soil aggregation and moisture retention and decrease hydraulic conductivity and leaching (Lopotko et al, 1980). Coal ash may be used to raise pH or neutralize acidity, enhance fertility, improve structure, improve moisture capacity and provide a barrier to vertical moisture flux "Conference Paper"@en . "10.14288/1.0042128"@en . "eng"@en . "Unreviewed"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International"@en . "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"@en . "Other"@en . "The use of unconsolidated runoff material in coal waste dump reclamation"@en . "Text"@en . "http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14211"@en .