"Science, Faculty of"@en . "Botany, Department of"@en . "Forestry, Faculty of"@en . "Forest and Conservation Sciences, Department of"@en . "DSpace"@en . "BMC Proceedings. 2011 Sep 13;5(Suppl 7):O27"@en . "Michael Smith Laboratories"@en . "Bohlmann et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd."@en . "Bohlmann, J\u00F6rg"@en . "Hall, Dawn"@en . "Robert, Jeanne"@en . "Keeling, Christopher"@en . "Domanski, Dominik"@en . "Quesada, Alfonso L"@en . "Jancsik, Sharon"@en . "Kuzyk, Michael"@en . "Hamberger, Britta"@en . "Borchers, Christoph"@en . "2016-01-09T00:04:09Z"@* . "2011-09-13"@en . "https://circle.library.ubc.ca/rest/handle/2429/56358?expand=metadata"@en . "ORAL PRESENTATION Open AccessBiomarkers and gene copy number variation forterpenoid traits associated with insect resistancein Sitka spruce: An integrated genomic,proteomic, and biochemical analysis of (+)-3-carene biosynthesisJoerg Bohlmann1*, Dawn Hall1, Jeanne Robert1, Christopher Keeling1, Dominik Domanski2, Alfonso Lara Quesada1,Sharon Jancsik1, Michael Kuzyk2, Britta Hamberger1, Christoph Borchers3From IUFRO Tree Biotechnology Conference 2011: From Genomes to Integration and DeliveryArraial d Ajuda, Bahia, Brazil. 26 June - 2 July 2011Conifers have evolved complex chemical defenses in theform of oleoresin terpenoids to resist attack from patho-gens and herbivores. The large diversity of terpenoidmetabolites is determined by the size and compositionof the terpene synthase (TPS) gene family, and the sin-gle- and multi-product profiles of these enzymes. Themonoterpene (+)-3-carene is associated with resistanceof Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) to white pine weevil(Pissodes strobi). We used a combined genomic, proteo-mic and biochemical approach to analyze the (+)-3-car-ene phenotype in two contrasting Sitka sprucegenotypes. Resistant trees produced significantly higherlevels of (+)-3-carene than susceptible trees, in whichonly trace amounts were detected. Biosynthesis of (+)-3-carene is controlled, at the genome level, by a smallfamily of closely related (82-95% amino acid sequenceidentity) (+)-3-carene synthase (PsTPS-3car) genes.Transcript profiling identified one PsTPS-3car gene(PsTPS-3car1) which is expressed in both genotypes,one gene (PsTPS-3car2) expressed only in resistanttrees, and one gene (PsTPS-3car3) expressed only insusceptible trees. The PsTPS-3car2 gene was notdetected in genomic DNA of susceptible trees. Target-specific selected reaction monitoring substantiated thispattern of differential expression of members of thePsTPS-3car family on the proteome level. Kineticcharacterization of the recombinant PsTPS-3carenzymes identified differences in the activities of PsTPS-3car2 and PsTPS-3car3as a factor for the different(+)-3-carene profiles of resistant and susceptible trees.In conclusion, variation of the (+)-3-carene phenotype iscontrolled by PsTPS-3car gene copy number variation,variation of gene and protein expression, and variationof catalytic efficiencies.Author details1Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Canada.2University of Victoria \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Canada. 3Universityof Victoria \u00E2\u0080\u0093 Genome BC Proteomics Centre and Department ofBiochemistry, University of Victoria, Canada.Published: 13 September 2011Reference1. Hall DE, Robert JA, Keeling CI, Domanski D, Qesada AL, Jancsik S, Kuzyk M,Hamberger Br, Borchers CH, J Bohlmann: An integrated genomic,proteomic, and biochemical analysis of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis in Sitkaspruce (Picea sitchensis) genotypes which are resistant or susceptible towhite pine weevil. The Plant Journal 2011, 65:936-948, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04478.x.doi:10.1186/1753-6561-5-S7-O27Cite this article as: Bohlmann et al.: Biomarkers and gene copy numbervariation for terpenoid traits associated with insect resistance in Sitkaspruce: An integrated genomic, proteomic, and biochemical analysis of(+)-3-carene biosynthesis. BMC Proceedings 2011 5(Suppl 7):O27.* Correspondence: bohlmann@msl.ubc.ca1Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, CanadaFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleBohlmann et al. BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):O27http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5/S7/O27\u00C2\u00A9 2011 Bohlmann et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, andreproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."@en . "Article"@en . "10.14288/1.0223224"@en . "eng"@en . "Reviewed"@en . "Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library"@en . "BioMed Central"@en . "10.1186/1753-6561-5-S7-O27"@en . "Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)"@en . "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"@en . "Faculty"@en . "Biomarkers and gene copy number variation for terpenoid traits associated with insect resistance in Sitka spruce: An integrated genomic, proteomic, and biochemical analysis of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis"@en . "Text"@en . "http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56358"@en .