{"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.14288\/1.0048273":{"https:\/\/open.library.ubc.ca\/terms#identifierAIP":[{"value":"e27ff463-a19e-42ae-b982-6e1c0f7a381b","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/dataProvider":[{"value":"CONTENTdm","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/isPartOf":[{"value":"Westland","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued":[{"value":"2012-07-24","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"1986","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/description":[{"value":"Gordon Fish was a cameraman who shot film in some of the most rugged parts of B.C. In this National Film Board (NFB) production he finds and photographs wildlife living in the city including coyotes, raccoons and deer.","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/aggregatedCHO":[{"value":"https:\/\/oc-uat.library.ubc.ca\/collections\/westland\/items\/1.0048273\/source.json","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/extent":[{"value":"1 U-matic videocassette ; 00:28:34","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/format":[{"value":"video\/mp4","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2009\/08\/skos-reference\/skos.html#note":[{"value":"(OPENING MUSIC)\n \nMIKE HALLERAN:\nThe B.C. Wildlife Federation in cooperation with the Communications Branch of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada presents Westland, a series of programs discussing natural resources conservation and land use in British Columbia.\n\nI'm Mike Halleran. There is tendency to believe that wildlife is most often associated with wilderness, but in fact, many cities and towns have amazing abundance and diversity of wildlife. There are coyotes in Los Angeles, bears are a nuisance in North Vancouver, and mountain lions sometimes frequent the very borders of towns on Vancouver Island. A filmmaker named Gordon Fish recently spent several months making a film of wildlife that lives in the city or close at hand. We thank the National Film Board of Canada for making this film available to us. It's called 'Wild in the City.'\n\nSPEAKER 1:\n...in either direction on Highway 99 into the tunnel. The rush is over onto the Patullo Bridge northbound. Still some volume delays from North to West Vancouver headed southbound on the Lions Gate...(INAUDIBLE).\n\nNARRATOR:\nWith all the noise and traffic and buildings and people, we don't always think of the city as a place for wild birds and animals. Oh, we see pigeons and crows around and hear birds at the park or in the garden, but there's a wide range of wildlife that exists in the urban environment. Surrounded by concrete and steel downtown. Wherever there are trees and grass and bushes in the suburbs. In the waters around the city and in all the parks and ponds and wild places scattered throughout Vancouver. From the residential slopes of the North Shore Mountains to the urban sprawl of the Fraser Estuary. In a variety of different habitats and despite the changes to the natural environment, wild creatures remain.\n\nSpring begins with songs at dawn. Songs of courtship and calls of alarm as a killdeer tries to draw you away from its nest by pretending to be wounded. Birds are probably the most obvious form of wildlife in an urban area, and you can attract a variety of them just by putting out food for them. Or you can build simple nest boxes for birds like swallows and chickadees. They'll return the favour by feeding voraciously on insects and other pests in your garden. \n\nEven where there are lots of people around, barn swallows will build their nests in a place that's sheltered and warm. Other birds keep pretty much to themselves. How many visitors to the Stanley Park Zoo are aware of the herons nesting in the trees high above them? How many joggers on the seawall ever notice the cormorants nesting on the cliffs of Prospect Point? \n\nMuch more familiar birds are Canada geese. Years ago, when this was all coastal forest, they had no reason to come here. But now that there are open grassy areas where they can graze and people to feed them, you can see them nesting in places like Stanley Park and along the Fraser River. It's not hard to see why there are so many of them. And it's easy to see why people like to have them around.\n\nSPEAKER 2:\nOh, look at that! Aren't they beautiful?\n\n(INAUDIBLE)\n\nSPEAKER 3:\nOr that other one...yeah.\n\nNARRATOR:\nSkunks - not the sort of thing you want to see in your backyard. You're not likely to see them very often since they usually do keep to wooded and bushy areas, but if their natural habitat is destroyed, they'll move into the suburbs, finding shelter under buildings and getting food from gardens and garbage cans. \n\nA broken gutter at the corner of the roof, a handy tree, and warm attic space - just the place for raccoons. They're intelligent and adaptable animals that take readily to urban life and to an urban diet of cat food, crackers, and grapes. Oh, they can make a mess when they get into your garbage cans and they don't always get along with household pets, but they can be friendly and playful. And there are wonderful stories of them doing things like watching television and listening to classical music.\n\nSummer is for downtown birds, the ones that have really adapted to life in the city. These pigeons are descendants of the cliff-dwelling rock doves of Europe, so they're quite at home on building ledges. But they rely on humans for food, whether it's seed put out for them or thrown out with the garbage or grain spilled from rail cars.\n\nAnother city bird, the northwestern crow is normally a bird of the beaches and foreshore. But large numbers of them come into the city to feed on the abundance of garbage and food scraps to be found there.\n\nThe most common bird in Vancouver can be seen all over the city - and in most other cities in North America, for that matter. Back in the 1890s, a hundred European starlings were released in New York City. They spread all over North America, reaching Vancouver in the 1940s. You can see them on streets and parks and around garbage containers. And you can't miss them if you're near one of their roosting sites. \n\nLike crows, gulls fly into the city each day, not only to harbourside places like these fish docks, but wherever there's garbage to be found. \n\nIt's not only birds that are attracted to garbage. On summer evenings, bears come down from the North Shore Mountains to feed at garbage dumps. But they also get into residential areas. And when they start knocking over garbage cans and generally act as if they were in a national park, then you get the frantic calls to the RCMP and to the Fish and Wildlife Branch.\n\nA coyote. Normally, you wouldn't find coyotes anywhere near Vancouver, but by clearing the forest and creating areas of grassland like this, humans have also created a suitable habitat for coyotes. Coyotes aren't usually too disturbed by human activities. This one has not only has gotten used to the machine, it actually uses it when it's hunting. The mice and voles that live in the grass are much easier to find right after the mower has gone by.\n\nFall is a time of movement and migration. Shore birds, coming thousands of miles from the high Arctic, heading for Central and South America thousands of miles away. This is the time to be at the very edge of the city. On one side of the dike, people are going to work, kids going off to school. On the other side, the marsh, the sea, and the sky, and waves of snow geese arriving from Alaska and Siberia. \n\nOn the mountain side of the city, the deer finish up the last vegetables of the season. They've been here for most of the summer, done a fair bit of damage to rose bushes and vegetable gardens, and they've become quite tame. Oh, it's a temptation to some people, the thought of venison in the freeze...a fair exchange perhaps?\n\nWinter brings wind and rain - lovely weather for ducks. Groups of goldeneye, rafts of scoter, loons and grebe and merganser. You don't have to go far to see 20 or more different species. They're on the water all around the city and in just about every lake and lagoon in the urban area. \n\nOf course, all cities support a vast array of living creatures. There are insects and spiders, beetles and butterflies, and rodents and reptiles. There are animals that live underground, creatures that live in the water, and birds and animals that are mainly active at night. The ones we see most often are those that have adapted to urban conditions. And with a little effort and some patience, we can also find those that live in wilder, more natural areas of the city and suburbs. Some species are threatened. As the city expands, natural vegetation is cleared and sources of food and shelter are destroyed. Other species thrive by adapting to the human environment. Sparrows know where to find food, and they appreciate the warmth of a car hood. Raccoons come out during the day instead of at night as they usually do. \n\nThere are some troublemakers. The problem with skunks is well known. And it's obvious that pigeons and starlings can make an awful mess of city buildings. But the wild creatures of the urban world can be a source of pleasure. And more, they provide a direct link to the natural world that surrounds us - to the natural rhythms and cycles of life that are so easily lost to us in the city. By making natural features and natural vegetation a part of urban development, by preserving some wild places, and by maintaining clean air and water, we can make the city a better place for ourselves and for wild creatures. In the mean time, it's a matter of keeping our eyes and ears open at dawn, at dusk, at any time of day, throughout the changing seasons of the year. \n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\n(INAUDIBLE)...see if we get a chance to bring that out...just a brief recollection.\n\nTOM WOOD:\nSure.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nGood evening. The first thing I want to do tonight is make some apologies to our audience, particularly the people in the northwest quarter. Our film on the Skeena River, which was scheduled to go last week, was unavailable because of technical problems. We've cleared that up and it's going to be on the air next week.\n\nMy guest tonight is Tom Wood, and Tom is the regional fish and wildlife manager of the Lower Mainland region of the B.C. Ministry of Environment. Tom, we've just seen a film that showed us some of the wild animals and birds that live in the Lower Mainland region, and as the person that's responsible for wildlife management in the Lower Mainland area of British Columbia, what are your first impressions of the film?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nI think it was a very good representation of the diversity of wildlife in the Vancouver area. Really, we're fortunate in Vancouver to have a diversity of wildlife habitats and wildlife species that's perhaps unparalleled in any city in North America.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nI wonder why that is. Why is it - why are there so many wildlife opportunities here for the person who wants to look at wild animals?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nIt's probably a happy accident of nature originally. The combination of the ocean and the mountains and the Fraser River particularly, the Estuary of the Fraser River, provides a very diverse mixture of habitats and wildlife species. Starting with that happy accident, then a lot of work by a number of people over the years to maintain those opportunities and to preserve that diversity. And that work continues today by a number of very dedicated people and organizations like the Wildlife Federation and the Naturalist Federation and others.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nIt's kind of interesting - we know about some of the animals that Gordon Fish showed us in his film, particularly the birds, I guess, and some of the smaller mammals like raccoons and things like that, but I understand that your people have occasion to deal with some of those animals that we didn't see in the film and that we might not necessarily expect to see in sort of the metropolitan area. You mentioned a mountain lion, for instance. Tell me about that.\n\nTOM WOOD: \nWell, we had to tranquilize and move a young male mountain lion from the Agrodome in the middle of a major show at the PNE a year or two ago. \n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nHow did that animal get there, do you think? \n\nTOM WOOD:\nWe're not sure. People speculate on it. The best bet is that it rode in on a load of logs or in an empty boxcar, got a little confused, and was wandering around looking for a way out.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nThat's weird to think of a mountain lion in the PNE grounds, roaming around by the Agrodome.\n\nTOM WOOD:\nWith thousands of people in the building. It was quite bizarre.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nWere there many people there who were actually aware that this animal was there, do you think?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nOh yes, once it was discovered, and before our people got there to tranquilize the animal, there were hundreds of people within a very short distance of the animal.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nYeah. Now, we saw some bears in the film. We know that bears are creatures of opportunity and are inclined to frequent garbage dumps and other places where there's a handout. How much of a problem are the bears in the Lower Mainland area?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nWell, they're substantial in some areas. In Maple Ridge and in North and West Vancouver, we have to deal with a number of bear situations every year, primarily through a concerned for public safety, and we have to remove a number of animals every year.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nNow, I guess probably there's a cliche that says that when you place wild animals in proximity with large metropolitan areas, the animals usually end up losing. Now, is that necessarily always true or is there a way to manage for a kind of compatibility there?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nIt's - in those sorts of situations, you're managing the people more than you're managing wildlife, and we try to - well, certainly we have to react when there's a public safety hazard or a concern. But we try to educate people to co-exist with the animals and to not have an unnatural attraction out for them - cat food or compost pile or dead fruit lying on the ground that would serve to attract them. But it's more people management than wildlife management in those sorts of situations.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nNow, what about the opportunities that Gordon Fish noted that you can go to Stanley Park, of course everybody knows about that, but there are other pieces of wildlife habitat that you've been telling me about. The foreshore of the Fraser, for instance. Where would you suggest that people might go if they wanted to see some relatively natural sort of situations in the city?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nWell, one of the nicest areas that we're very proud of is the Pitt Wildlife Management Area on the Pitt River at the south end of Pitt Lake, just north of Pitt Meadows. It's a very, very nice area to either canoe or to hike. Another might be the south pass - or the southern arm of the Fraser, off Ladner Landing, for example, put a canoe in there or to hike the dikes. You get into very natural areas and see a wide diversity of habitat types and wildlife, and some very good fishing opportunities as well.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nA favourite of mine over the years has been the Burns Bog area. Now, what kind of creatures live in Burns Bog? \n\nTOM WOOD:\nWell, we get virtually everything in Burns Bog that occurs outside on the fringes of the Lower Mainland. We get bears and coyotes and lots of deer, many species of birds, coyotes of course, and occasionally even the odd cougar is sighted in that area.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nThese deer that live in Burns Bog, for instance, do you think that those are residents there, or do you think they migrate in and out, or do you think that population's kind of self-contained.\n\nTOM WOOD:\nI think they're probably self-contained now, resident in that area now. Although, there are a lot of deer throughout the Lower Mainland that exist in the agricultural areas, wherever there's a little bit of cover for them to hide in the daytime.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nNow, we understand that there are classic conflicts between deer and dogs. What would you like to say about owners of domestic dogs who live in areas where there may be some deer problems?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nThey should keep them tied up, certainly. That's one of the major problems in many areas of the province. As you know, Mike, is dogs running deer, particularly in the winter time when they're confined by snow conditions - we don't have that problem in the Lower Mainland around Vancouver because there isn't that heavy snowpack usually - but dogs, still, can harass deer and occasionally will kill them.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nWhat about traffic difficulties, traffic collisions between wildlife and automobiles on the highways and so on?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nThat's a fairly serious hazard on the major highways and on the causeway leading through Stanley Park. Those geese can cause quite a few accidents. I'm sure the body shop people...\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nAnd do they?\n\nTOM WOOD:\n..I'm sure the body shop people are in love with those geese, yes.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nYeah. So, they actually do cause some traffic accidents?\n\nTOM WOOD:\nOh yes, they do. When you get a family of geese crossing from one side of the causeway to another, motorists seem to forget the rules of the road in order to stop for the geese.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nYeah. I guess we're talking about a kind of an educational situation here too with the ability of citizens to become informed as to where they can see these creatures and how they should sort of adjust to them. \n\nTOM WOOD:\nYes, it's a constant process of trying to educate people of the importance of the habitat - the fish and wildlife habitat in the area and also the - how to co-exist with some of the more adventuresome and bold species like racoons and coyotes that can cause some difficulty.\n\nMIKE HALLERAN:\nOkay, Tom, thanks very much for joining us on the program tonight. That's our Westland program for this Monday. Next week, we have that scheduled program on the Skeena River. Hope you'll be watching for that. I'm Mike Halleran. Goodnight.\n\nSPEAKER 4:\nWestland is produced by the B.C. Wildlife Federation, a nonprofit citizens' conservation organization. Its members engage in vital, hands-on projects for fish and wildlife. For further information, write to Box 1113, Surrey BC, V3S 4C5 or telephone 576-8288.\"Next Week: Resource Problems on the Skeena River; B.C. Wildlife Federation, Box 113 Surrey B.C., V3S 4C5, (604) 576-8288
The National Film Board of Canada Presents: Wild in the City; Special thanks to the many people who made this film possible by providing information or access for filming.; director: Gordon Fish; editor: Shelly Hamer; composer: J. Douglas Dodd; narrator: Susan Leslie; sound recordist: Martin Fossum; re-recordist: Barry P. Jones; post production coordinator: Kathryn Lynch; assistant camera: John Ireland; music recording: Goldrush Recording; unit administrator: Bruce Hagerman; producer George Johnson; executive producer: John Taylor; Wild in the City: A National Film Board of Canada Production; \u00ac\u00a9 1985 The National Film Board of Canada;\"Westland\"; A Joint Presentation of the B.C. Wildlife Federation; Communications Branch Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada); Series Producer: Mike Halleran; Production Assistant: Jeanne Halleran; Series Editor: Danny Tanaka; We wish to acknowledge the assistance of the B.C. Ministry of Forests; We wish to acknowledge the assistance of the B.C. Fish & Wildlife Branch; Produced through the facilities of The Knowledge Network","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"Season 03 Episode 03
Mike Halleran - British Columbia Wildlife Federation; Tom Wood - Regional Fish & Wildlife Mgr., B.C. Ministry of the Environment","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/hasType":[{"value":"Motion Pictures","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/spatial":[{"value":"British Columbia","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/identifier":[{"value":"UBC VT 2160.1\/031","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"Westland_03_03","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/isShownAt":[{"value":"10.14288\/1.0048273","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/language":[{"value":"English","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/provider":[{"value":"Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/rights":[{"value":"Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy or otherwise use these images must be obtained from University Archives: http:\/\/www.library.ubc.ca\/archives","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/source":[{"value":"Original Format: University of British Columbia. Archives. Halleran Video Collection. UBC VT 2160.1\/031","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/title":[{"value":"Wild in the City","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/type":[{"value":"Moving Image","type":"literal","lang":"en"}]}}