{"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.14288\/1.0439172":{"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/dataProvider":[{"value":"CONTENTdm","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/alternative":[{"value":"[The Labour Statesman]","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/isReferencedBy":[{"value":"https:\/\/resolve.library.ubc.ca\/cgi-bin\/catsearch?bid=8591182","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/isPartOf":[{"value":"BC Historical Newspapers","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/issued":[{"value":"2024-01-30","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"1931-07-17","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/aggregatedCHO":[{"value":"https:\/\/open.library.ubc.ca\/collections\/labours\/items\/1.0439172\/source.json","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/elements\/1.1\/format":[{"value":"application\/pdf","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2009\/08\/skos-reference\/skos.html#note":[{"value":" Supported by Sixty-two Local Unions\nNO. 376-EIGHT PAGE'S\nVANCOUVER, CANADA, FRIDAY, JULY 17th, 1931\nUnemployment Insurance\nIs Wanted Immediately\nOfficials   of Local   Labor Movement   Urge Government   to Put\n'  .Jauiurance Into Effect and To Start Public Works;\n\u2022 \u2022   ' Request Action During Present Session\n_xh^_.hjunpr^\nT^-^rjmtrrr-iiiuveiiieirr Jfir~V5ricouver   voiced \"tlieir Tentiments last\nSunday at a special meeting in the Labor Headquarters, on the vital\n.question of unemployment. In the opinion of these men, unemployment insurance was the most practical way in which the Government could immediately and seriously cope with the situation. With\nthis in vie.w, a night letter was sent to the Trades and Labor Congress of Canada urging the executive to immediately send a delegation to Ottawa and strongly point out the necessity of establishing\nunemployment insurance, this session.\nSome 300 officials representing the\nseventy-two unions and approximately 15,000 members affiliated with\nthe Vancouver, New Westminster and\n\" District Trades and Labor Council\nat tended  a specially called  meeting\n' in the Labor Headquarters on Sunday evening to discuss the vital question of unemployment. Despite the\nfact that the delegates were of many\npolitical faiths, the meeting was practically unanimous in assenting to\nthe remarks made and the resolutions and declarations passed. Every\nlocal union had been invited to send\nits officials to the meeting and the\nresponse was very good.\nColin McDonald, president of the\nTrades Council, occupied the chair\nand outlined the reasons for the\nmeeting. He also took the opportunity of stating that criticism was\nsometimes thrown at the Trades\nCouncil for what critics termed not\ntaking an active part in the unemployment problem. This only showed, he said, that the critics were\neither not conversant with all the\nwork that the Council had done and\nwas doing, or wanted the Council to\ndo things that past experience\nshowed were not satisfactory or\nwere of no real value. Unemployment, he said, is world wide and\nthis Council is not in a position to\nsolve the problem. He reminded the\ndelegates, however, that last year we\nhad an opportunity to elect representatives who knew the needs of\nthe workers. During the election\ncampaign the Conservatives stated\nthat they would solve the unemployment problem, they had been in\npower for a year and it has not been\nsolved yet, and, as a matter of fact,\nit is worse. One thing that they\nhave done, he said, is to pass the\nbuck to the provinces and municipalities. The problem, however, is beyond the control of municipalities\nand provinces, for the Federal Government has far greater power of\ntaxation and means for raising finances than any other body. The unemployment problem is menacing\nthe welfare of every family, and if\nthe KpMor\u00bbknen$.\u00abcannot solve it they\nhad better admit it and, give, up the\njob. ' .\" Vo\nFrank McKenna, international representative of the Brotherhood of\nRailway Carmen, addressed the meeting along lines published elsewhere\nin these columns.\nImmigrants Pour'In\nSecretary Bengough read a declaration and resolutions which the executive recommended for endorsation\nby the meeting. These, published at\nthe end of this article, were practically unanimously endorsed. Secretary Bengough pointed out that\nCanada occupied second place in the\nnumber of unemployed, compared to\npopulation, Germany being first.\nCanada second and the United States\nthird. During the past two years\nof depression, however, the unemployment situation had undoubtedly\nbeen intensified by admission of\nmore immigrants into this country.\n, In the past two years, ending March\nSlst, 1931, a total of 251,511 immigrants had been allowed into this\ncountry  in   addition  to  repatriated\nCanadians. Of these 163,288 came\nin during the year which ended\nMarch 31st, 1930, and 88,223 up to\nMarch 31st, 1931. This statement\nbrougmt forth strong condemnation\nfrom the delegates.\nBums and Tramps\nSecretary Bengough also pointed\nout that the Trades Council circularized organizations and municipalities\nlast year urging them to endorse unemployment insurance and forward\nsame to the government. This had\nbeen done by a surprising number of\nmunicipalities, but the government\nwas still apathetic. Attorney General Pooley was not in favor of the\nmeasure which he described as a\n\"dole.\" When assistance is rendered\nsome of our politicians and other alleged heroes, it is called a pension,\nbut when the workers need -assistance\nafter doing much useful work it is\ncalled a \"dole,\" and we are informed\nthat the \"dole\" will only make bums\nand tramps out of the workers. Well,\nsaid Secretary Bengough, the family\nof Lord Nelson has been drawing\nsome \u00a35,000 a year ever since Nelson was made a Lord after the battle\nof Waterloo, but it has not made\nbums and tramps out of them, nor\nout of the hundreds of other lords\nand \"heroes\" that get government\n\"pensions.\"\nDiscussion took place on the declaration and .the resolutions, and\nmany delegates spoke on the subject and,,expressed themselves very\nforcibly on the matter.\nSome Criiicism\nSuggested remedies, such as camps,\nfarms and labor battalions were condemned, and the $1.00 a day proposals of the Provincial government\nwas emphatically condemned. No\nstipulation as to the amount of unemployment insurance was suggested\nin the resolution, but a suggestion\nof a minimum of $15 a week for\nsingle men and $25 for married men\nseemed to meet with most approval.\nWhile not actually condemning unemployment insurance, two delegates\nexpressed themselves as being in'favor of immediate nationalization of\nindustry. It was pointed out, however, that the Conservative government was in power and that subject\nwas beyond hope from them.\nA resolution was endorsed urging\nthe Provincial and Dominion governments to provide work as speedily as\npossible on public works of various\nkinds, at union rates of pay.\nOppose Wage Cuts\nThe meeting voiced its opposition\nto wage cuts and pledged its support\nto any organization resisting wage,\ncuts.\nEngineers Beat Back\nAttempt To Cut Wages\nOperating Engineers' Local . 118:\nwas threatened with a wage cut last\nweek by the Northern Construction\nCo. on the C. P. R. tunnel job. The\nunion, having no intention of accepting a wage cut on this or any other\njobt called the men off, and mass\npicketing went into operation. The\nranks of the pickets were swelled by\nother\" unempIoyeVr union men, and\nthis added enthusiasm to the ranks\nof theTstrikers. The men were pulled\nout on Monday' at 2:30, and by\nTuesday morning the company had\nhad about . enough.. They called\nGeorge Pettipiece, the union business\nagent, in and besides bawling him\nout for pulling the-strike, intimated\nthat they wanted the men back to\nwork at the old scale. The business\nmanager thought, however, that this\nwas a good time to get some other\nlittle grievances settled, so besides\ngetting the company to agree to pay\nthe old scale, he succeeded in getting\nthe pay increased 50c a day for engineers on electric locomotives. '\nThis ends the story of another attempt at wage cutting among building construction contractors in Vancouver, This strike, ljke that of the\ncarpenters, was short and sweet, and\nnow organized labor is looking round\nto see who wants to be next to be\ncompelled to toe the mark in this\nwage-slashing mania.\nLocomotive Unions\nWant Six-hour Day\nColumbus, Ohio.\u2014Decisive action\nrecommending the substitution of\nthe 6-hour day for the present 8-hour\nday without reduction in pay was\ntaken by the 32nd convention of the\nBrotherhood of Locomotive Firemen\nand Engine-men in session here.\nSteps toward unemployment relief\nand stabilization of jobs were adopted in the same measure1. Establishment of a minimum force of employees was recommended as part\n<of the stabilization plan.\nWill Press Program\nInternational President D. B. Robertson was directed to co-operate\nwith other interested organizations\nand to employ the most competent\nlegal counsel available in order that\nthese measures be carried out with as\nlittle delay as possible.\n\"The action taken by the convention is quite in line with the movement for a shorter work day, unemployment relief and stabilization of\nemployment inaugurated by the protective committees of the Standard\nRailroad Labor organizations and\nlater molded into a uniform program\nl>y J lie Railway Labor Executives'\nAssociation,\"'. President Robertson\nstated.\nJoint political activity was endorsed and President Robertson was\nauthorized to co-operate with other\nrailroad labor organisations in the\ninterests of the workers, which may\neventually mean the formation of a\nLabor Party as suggested recently\nby the Brotherhood of Railway Conductors, when in convention.\nExpelled\nThe Milk Drivers' and Dairy\nEmployees' Union, Local 464,\nhae expelled the following men\nfrom membership in the unions,\nL. H. Stanton,JWirlra^rT\u00abwT\nford and F. J. Washington.\non unemployment insurance, a night\nletter was to be sent to the Trades\nand Labor Congress of Canada asking the executive to act as a delegation to the government to urge the\nestablishment of unemployment insurance this session.   '\nDelegates representing the Camp\nand Mill Workers' Union informed\nthe meeting that Japanese had been\nrefused the right to apply for city\nrelief. The meeting urged the trades\n(Continued on page 8)\nUnion Meetings at\nLabor Headquarters\nFRIDAY,  JTJXY lTth\nEngineers, 116  ;\u25a0.'.  3\nMolders, 281  .\". \u201e...,.. 311\nSATURDAY\nHakirrH   \u201e^-_  3\nafORDAY\nKleetrlenl  \"Workers  1\nBoilermakers  4\nIn connection with the resolution^ J_| c\\mS?Tt      JJJ\n( ement Finishers  315\n\u2014trsday\nTrades nnd   Labor Council  1\nLithographers \u201e.:  313\nbricklayers   \u25a0.   ...'    I\nIronworkers    ..\u201e.....\u25a0.      I\nTilesetters    \". ,...'_  315\n280..\nrainier*.  138\nSheet Metal Workers,\nt'nlon   Label  Trades  4\nn~>ay, \u2014xt a<th\nMilk Salesmen ...._  . 1\nPlumbers and Steamfitters __ _     1\nWelder*   (13\nRelief Most Urgent.\nSays Frank McKenna\n Frank McKenna, international representative of. the Brotherhood of\nRailway Carmgn for Canada, addressed the union meeting held ony\nSunday in Labor Headquarters to\ndiscuss the present unemployment\nsituation. He stated that in hi3\ntravels throughout the country he\nfound unemployment conditions\nrampant in every city, and items in\nthe press 'intimated that it was predominant throughout all industrial\ncountries.\nThe situation in his craft was daily\ngetting worse and the C. P. R. was\ntalking of giving half-time to the\nmen still wprking, and possibly more\nlay-offs. The same thing is happening on the. C. N. R., he said, ft\nseemed to him that some plan of a\nconstructive nature was needed\nquick, and he felt that parliament\nshould be met by a representative\nbody, of men, and unemployment insurance insisted upon. In 1914 the\ngovernment found ways and means\nin that crisis to protect pur national\ninterest. Parliament should again\nconsider the present conditions as a\ncrisis. The Old Age pensions Act\nshou'd be made to apply to people\nat the age of 65, so that these can\nquit work and give the younger men\na chance. \u2022 A big scheme of public\nworks should be launched; we need\npublie buildings,\" new roadways can\nbe made and old ones greatly improved; . national parks could use\nquite a number of unemployed in\nimprovement, and town planning has\npaved thc way for more.\nShorter Work Week\nWe are finding new ways of doing\nthings, he said, and the working week\nis being reduced, but it can be still\ngreatly reduced. The next burst of\nprosperity will be a short one, he\nsaid, unless conditions are improved\nin    our    industrial     system.\nFIVE CENTS PER COPY\nMarine Culinary Union\nReceives Its Charter\nThe Marine Culinary Workers,\nLocal. 381, of British Columbia are\nin receipt of charter and supplies\nfor their union. Meetings will be\nheld this week-end, when it is expected that officers will be elected\nand matters of importance given consideration. Quite a large percentage\n-of\u2014the\u2014members- have\u2014been\u2014m-the-\nlabor movement before, many of\nthem previously holding membership\nin the Marine Cooks and Stewards'\norganization of Great BritainJ whilst\nin some cases others have bee* affiliated with the Australian Marine Culinary Workers.\nThere is some good timber in this\nnewly-formed local, and' prospects of\nelecting an. highly efficient executive seems assured. A general feeling is exhibited to build up an organization that will be a credit to\nthe labor movement and an acquisition to the members.. Local 381\nmay be an infant organization, but\nthere is nothing to denote this feature amongst those who have formed\nits ranks. We are looking expectantly forward \"to the near future\nwhen we believe that Local 381 will\ntake prior rank to its two sister\nlocals in the city.\nPainters Just Raring\nTo Go To Picnic\nThe Painters' and Decorators'\nUnion and the Sign Painters' Union\nare ready for the big picnic on Saturday to Selma Park. The boat will\nleave the Union Steamship Dock at\n9 a.m., and the fun will start right\naway. Thc usual union orchestra\nwill be on hand to liven up the crowd\non the boat and again in the dance\npavilion. A splendid bunch of prizes\nare ready for distribution to the\nwinners in the many sporting events\nthat the unions are putting on. This\nis going to be a big lime, in spite of\nthe depression, but if you have any\nblue feeling, Ed. Smith says that\nthis will be the place to get rid of\nit. Nobody has ever come away from\nthe Painters' Picnic disappointed,\neven if they did not win a prize, and\nthis is not going to be any exception.\nTickets are 1.50 for adults and 75c\nThe for children.    Get to the boat early\nshorter work week and higher wages on Saturday morning, July 18th.\nwill   help   conditions,   and   if   the | \t\nchurches, social dull?  and  fraternal'\norganizations, ^who   are   discussing\nthese   problems,   could   realize   the\nvalue of reduced working hours and\nhigher wages it would  help considerably.\nHe  spoke of the  decline  of car\nloadings which indicated factories on\nshort time; he spoke  of the  bread\nlines in every city, and of boys and\ngirls riding on box cars from town\nto town looking for work, chased on\nby the authorities in each town until\ntbey come to the end of the line, and\nthen they start bank across the country again.   What kind of citizens are\nwe going to have in the future under\nthese  conditions,  with  the  younger\npeople mixing under these conditions\nand  learning from  older people all\nthe worst features of human life?\nSomething must be done to relieve\nthis  situation   and   the  government\nought to do it before the house ad'\njourns.\nDairy Employees' Picnic\nThe picnic day for the Milk Salesmen and Dairy employees is Thursday next, July 23rd. A special boat\nwi(l leave the Union Steamship Co.\ndock at 2 p.m. for Bowen Island.\nEverybody is welcome and we hope\nto have*-a good turn-out.\nBIG STRIKE IS ENDED\nPITTSBURGH.\u2014A strike of organoid structural ironworkers which had\nied, up construction on more than\nM.Offll.OOO worth of building projects\nwas ended last week.\nThe Building Trades Association and\nthe Structural Ironworkers' Uniori\nagreed on a rate of $1.50 an hour and\na five-day week.\nTaxi Drivers Approve\nCity Taxi By-law\nSixteen new members at their last\nmeeting shows the activity of the\nTaxi Drivers' Local, 151, says the\nlocal secretary. Many expressions of\napproval were made at the enforcement of City Bylaw No. 2095, .better\nknown as the Taxi Bylaw. Some \"of\nour less desirable citizens, who use\ntaxi driving as a cloak for other\nthings are now trying to get the City\nCouncil to rescind the 'BylaW. It iB\nhoped that the City Council, having\nnow passed the law, will keep it enforced. Companies engaged in legitimate transportation business are entitled to some protection against the\nclass of men that simply use taxi\ndriving as a cloak for bootlegging\nand other illegal purposes. The\nLocal, with one vote against, voted\n$100 to the Trades Council Convention Fund.    . *\u25a0\nThe Local voted t*> change their\nmeeting days to. the second Mondays\nat 8 p.m. and second Tuesdays at\n10:30 a.m. *\nSOUTHERN RLY. SHOPMEN\nADOPT  4-DAY  WEEK\nWashington.\u2014The 8,000 shopmen\nemployed by the Southern Railway\nCompany have voted to adopt the\nfive-day week as a measure to relieve\nunemployment. H. P. Carr, vice-\npresident of the International Association of Machinists, says that no\nwage cut is involved in the change.\nThe1 union contract with the railway\ncompany called for the six-day week,,\nand the consent of the shopmen was\nnecessary to change to the five-day\nweek.\nTT.\n fHE   LABOR   STATESMAN\n:\u25a0.\u00a3.\u25a0\nFriday, July 17th, 1931\nUNION FIRMS\nPERRY & DOLK\nMen's Tailors\n18 Hastings West\nRoom 33\nWilson & McNeill\nPainters and Decorators\nEverything pertaining to\nthe trade.\n3016 VICTORIA DBIVB\nPhones: High. 106 and Pair. 4148-B\nUnion-Made Shoes\nCORNETT BROS A CLARK\n33 EAST  HASTINOS STBBBT\nFlorsheim. Strlders. C. B. A C.\n.Men's and Touth'a\nWILLIAM DICK, LTD.\nUnion Label Shoes for Men\nand Youths.\nTHE ONLY\nUNION MADE SHOE\naad Repair Factory la British Columbia.\n\u25a0\u25a0\u201e        W. J. HEADS\n30 WEST COBDOVA BT. SEY. 3330\nMEN'S SHOES PROM S4.9S UP.\nGerman Unions Resist\nency Decree\nEmerge\nFor the third time during the per\niod of office of the bourgeois Brunr\ning cabinet, Article 48 of the\nWeimar Constitution has been used\nto prohibit the Reichstag passing a decree which \"in the interest\nof trade and finance\" bringfcsuch a\nterribly unsocial burdening of the\nmasses and an entirely unjustified\nprivileging of property, that there\nhas been a spontaneous outburst of\nanger and of unanimous and co-ordinated opposition against the malpractices of the reactionary bureaucrats at present in office. Soon after\nthe promulgation of this decree the\ncentral organizations of the organs\nized workers and salaried employees\nprotested in the sharpest possible\nterms, wjiich showed their readiness\nto fight against this new burdening\nof the workers, which flouts all conception of social justice. , At a joint\nmeeting on June 10th, the executives\nof the German, General Federation\nof Free Trade Unions and the German Federation of Salaried Employees adopted a resolution recognizing\nthe necessity of sacrifices being made\nby the whole of the German people\nto enable the country' to save its\nfinancial sitiWtian_.-and_surYive-.tha\neconomic crisis, \"The emergency\ndecre'e, however, contains such a\nhost of social injustices that violent\nopposition must be provoked from\nthe whole of the working classes. If\nenforced the consequences to ecom-\nFellow Unionists, demand, the Union\nIsabel, Shop Card and Working Button,\nand patronize fair employers and employ UNION LABClt.   .\nInternat'nal Labor Press\nMeeting in Vancouver\nMembers of the International Labor Press of America are looking\nforward to thc coming meeting at\nVancouver, B. C, October 6th, with\nmuch enthusiasm. It will afford\nmany opportunities for a most enjoyable outing. Canadian trade unionists are doing every thing to make\nthe gathering one grand time.\nThe press convention is held the\nevening of the second day's session\nof the American Federation of La-\nbori which meets at Vancouver on\nOctober 5th. Members of the Labor\npress who are not delegates to the\nA\u201e F. of L. convention will be accorded privileges for all the. ^entertainment features.- Each member will\nbe given a guest badge.\nThis will be a desirable opportunity to visit the great northwest and\ncross the border into Canada. The\nNational Development Bureau of the\nDepartment of the Interior at Ottawa has made available for free\ndistribution a series of automobile\nroad maps showing the main connecting highways between the United\nStates and Canada, also a number of\nbooklets on various phases of recreation.^. The Chicago, Milwaukee, St.\nPaul and Pacific has been chosen as\nthe official railroad route to Vancouver.\u2014I. L. P. of A.     .\nJunior Found Out\nThe 4-year-oltl boy, perched on his\nfather's knee   in   the   crowded  bus\nlooked   hard   at   the   stouf,   gaudily\ndressed_ woman   as   she   bustled   in\n\"and edged herself into' the only seat\n\"left.    Then he turned to his mother.\n\"Mum,\" he said loudly, \"it's a\nlady.\"\n\"Hush, dear,\" his mother said;\n\"we know it is.\"\nThe little boy looked puzzled.\n\"But, mummy,\" he said, \"you just\nsaid to dad, 'Whatever's this object\ncoming in?' \"\u2022\nRustic  furniture\u2014HoVdog stands\nand gasoline pumps.\nFor   T_\nHealth, Strength\nand   Beauty,   eat   onr   Whole\nWheat Brown Bread.\nA wholesome body builder.\nDoctors recommend it.\nFruit and Raisin Bread,\nPastry and Meat Piea,\nPumpkin Pies.\nTHE ESTHER\nBAKERY\nPhone: Highland 1309\n3728 HASTINGS ST. EAST\nfinances will be disastrous. The\ntrade unions will strain every effort\nto obtain the absolutely necessary\nalterations of the emergency decree.\"\nThe executive of the German Civil\nServants! Federation, meeting on\nJune 16th, issued an equally categorical declaration that the new burden\nand wage cuts imposed on the civil\nservants \"far exceeded the limits of\nwhat was bearable.\"\nThe violent protests of the trade\nunions led the Reichs Chancellor\nBruning to meet the leaders of the\ncentral organizations of all tendencies on June 15th. The President of\nthe German Federation of Trade\nUnions, Leipart, strongly urged the\nnecessity of the worst provisions of\nthe emergency decree being revised\nbefore July 1st, demanding especially reconsideration of the reduction\nin the rates of unemployment pay\nand the provisions on rates for\nseasonal and young workers. The\nrepresentative of the Salaried Employees' Federation protested against\nthe especially hard burdening of the\nemployees of public authorities and\nthe gross impairment of unemployment insurance for salaried employees. A unanimous challenge was\nraised against the further attack on\nthe status of thc collective agree-\ninents, which was but the prelude to\nfurther wage cuts in private indus\ntry. The unions also unanimously\ndeclared that they could not countenance towards their members the\nsocially unjust grading of the crisis\ntax.. In spite of the stubborn attitude of the Chancellor, who at first\nwas not prepared to undertake a re\nvision of the emergency decree before the reparations negotiations had\nproduced some concrete result, the\nrepresentatives of the free trade\nunions upheld their point-of view and\npointed to the dangers fbr economic\nlife and the State which would in\nevitably result if that stubborn atti\ntude were maintained.\nThanks to this energetic stand of\nthe free trade unions, the Reichs\nChancellor, Bruning, has in consultation with the Social Democratic Parliamentary Party, condeded to call at\nan early- date a meeting of the com\nmittee of ways and means of the\nReichstag to consider what revision\nof the emergency decree is necessary.\nDebt Moratorium To\nRelieve\" Private Debts\nThe French admit that \"Germany\nis passing through difficult days,\" but\nthey point out that France was in\nsimilar straits in 1926. They were\nwise enough to decline a big loan\nfrom the \"House of Morgan\" and insisted on working out their problems\nin their own way. \u2022.\nAsia consequence they are now\neconomically independent and it is\ndifficult for the international bankers\nto exert \"pressure\" on them.'\nThe French know that those same\nbankers will be the chief beneficiaries\nof the moratorium and do not hesitate to say so. ,:'\nWhere Bankers Come In\nTheir position is confirmed by William Hard, a brilliant Washington\ncorrespondent, whose devotion to\nPresident Hoover cannot be questioned. \u25a0   '\u2022\nIn an article printed in a number\nof leading papers recently, Mr. Hard\nsaid:\n\"The total of long-term fixed\nAmerican investments in Germany is\nprobably in excess of $1,500,000,000\nat this moment.\n\"Last week it was gravely .feared\nthat^ instability in Germany might\n\u25a0ultimately result, in an incapacity Dy\nGermany to meet its obligations to\nits American private creditors,\"\nSee\u00bb   Cancellation   Coming\nAccording to Hard, Germany is\nobligated   to   pay   $360,000,000    to\n. . . Traffic\u25a0'regulations.\nshould be framed with\nthe vieiv of moving people\nnot veh ides\now more persons\nNOT MORE\nTHE street car, by virtue\nof its economy of space,\n Alt greater than that of any\noiher mode of transporta-\ntion.can claim-firs, right to\nconsideration.\nVEHICLE!\nWith 35,000 persons clamouring for\ntransportation homeward within two\nonic life and therefore also to public J private    creditors    this    year.    He\nadds: \u2022\n\"That is the basic cause of the\nworld's present willingness to abate\nreparations, in some degree, in. order\nthat Germany's payments to its creditors abroad may continue.\n\"Public debts are being rolled out\nof the way for private debts.\"\nHard predicts that the proposed\n\"debt holiday\" is just one step in the\ndirection of cancellation of war\ndebts.\nConceding that HooVer is sincere\nin saying that cancellation is not contemplated at present, Hard nevertheless insists the government will continue to make concessions to the\nallied powers \"every time Germany\nthreatens to stop payments to American private investors.\"\nFarmer-Labor Party in\nU. S. Resucitated\nBelieving that now is the opportune time for the Farmer-Labor\nParty to come out into the open, a\nrejuvenated county organization\nwhich shall be the directing force\nin an endeavor to supply Chicago\nwith an organization that will grow\ninto a powerful weapon for the\nworking classes, the Cook County\nFarmer-Labor Party held a convention recently in Musicians hall. The\nnew third party proved to be a lusty\nchild, with a strong and insistent\nvoice in demanding that this government pf ours take some action immediately to relieve the distress of\nmillions of idle and hungry workers.\nIf enthusiasm counts for anything,\nthe Cook County Farmer-Labor\nParty, as now constituted, is bound\nto grow by leaps and bounds and will\nundoubtedly cut a lot of ice in future\nlocal political campaigns.\nAccording to the report of Dr. R.\nB. Green, chairman of the Creden-\nGerman Moratorium\nThe real unsolved problem is, of\ncourse, what shall be done at the end\nof the year's moratorium, Germany\ncannot pay her reparations except by\nan enormous sale of goods abroad,\ncreating a. large \"favorable\" balance\nbf trade. The other chief nations are\nnot prepared to permit her to do this\n\u2014England and the United States, because these German goods would\npartially displace their own in the\nmarkets of the world; France because such a development would\nmean that Germany would again become strong, and a potential war\nmenace. Such reparations as have\nalready been paid in cash have for\nthe most part come from borrowings\nabroad, and these borrowings have\nnow ceased for the good reason that\nGermany is mortgaged up to the\nhilt and it is no longer good business\nto lend to her. The payments of\nreparations in goods (in \"kind\") have\nbeen achieved by depressing the\nstandard of living of the German\nworking class, by increasing their\nhours of labor and reducing their\npay, by putting upon the middle class\nand the rich a tremendous burden of\ntaxation; This burden is rapidly becoming insupportable, and the German people are showing with increasing clarity that they will not endure\nIt much longer, they will repudiate\ntheir own government or any other\nwhich seeks to keep their necks beneath the yoke.\nThe Allies, as everyone now\nknows, in so far as they have been\npaying their debts at all, have done\nso out of what they have received\nfrom Germany. If reparations should\nstop, they too would be confronted\nby the difficulties the Germans now\nface. Not only would they find the\ntransmission of the sums enormously\ndifficult, but the imposition of taxes\nin order to accumulate the necessary\nfunds would work, great hardships\nboth on Workers and the rest of the\npopulation.\nThe world-wide acclaim with which\nthe Hoover plan was greeted was\ndue, in our judgment, primarily to\nthe recognition .of these facts and to\nthe belief that once war debts and\nreparations are suspended they will\nnever be resumed, or at least not\non anything like their present scale.\nThe New Republic.    \u2022\nhours every weekday cvemngithFprob-\nlem becomes one of getting the maximum number of street ars through\nthe streets with the least possible delay.\nCooperate with your street railway\ncompany to aid this great transportation movement. It will help downtown business and help the eighty per\ncent who must travel by street ar.\nStmt tan tut tht lt.M fact\nftr J>atiengtr\nB.C\u00a3lectric\nUn.'iti lihtitr, Coiumbim\nBRITISH COLUMBIA  ELECTRIC  RAILWAY CO. LTD,\nA. E. HARRON\nPhone N. V. 134\nNorth Vancouver\nJ. A. HARRON\nPhone Fair. 134\n55 Tenth Ave E\nQ.   M.  WILLIAMSON\nPhone Fair. 134\n55 Tenth Ave. E.\nfarrnn Sroa. Sc ttiUimttsott\nFUNERAL DIRECTORS\n55 EAST TENTH AVENUE\nPHONE FAIR.  134\nRED STAR DRUG STORE\n\"The Mail Order Druggist\"\nw. Make a Bpeolal Effort to Get floods Oat br First Mall After Receipt\nof Your Order.\nCOBNEB COBDOVA AND  C ABB ALL VANOOrjVEB, B. O.\nI know not truly which is worse\u2014\nhe that maligns all, or he that\npraises all.\u2014Ben  Jonson.\ntials Committee, fifty-five unions and\norganizations were represented with\n100 delegates:\u2014Federation News.\nWomen Workers Are\nin Ruthless Competition\nThe Women's Bureau of the Unit\ned States Department of Labor has\njust published an exhaustive study\nof women's wages in thirteen states,\nmade before the present depression,\nwhich shows in fine more important\nrespect how far our economic order\nis from justice or efficiency even\nwhen we are supposedly prosperous.\nJit manufacturing industries, the median weekly earnings of women\nranged between a high point of\n$19.13 in Rhode Island and a low\nof-$8,3f> in Mississippi. The longer,\nthe\" hours, as a rule, the lower the\nearnings. Comparing the earnings\nwith estimates of minimum living\ncosts for single women, the bureau\nconcludes \"that most of the industrial workers in practically all the\nstates included in the present study\nearned amounts too low for adequate\nsubsistence.\" The growth of profits\nand of productivity during the period would have made possible considerably higher-wages. Why were\nthey not forthcoming? Because, in\nour competitive and unplanned order, wages are determined, not by\nwhat ought to be or can be paid, but\nby what wage earners can be hired\nfor. The supply of women in the\nlabor market is sufficient in relation\nto the demand so that wages are\nkept down; there are enough women\nwho will take less so that those who\nneed more cannot get it.-\u2014The New\nRepublic.\nThat's  That\n\"I am a woman of few words,\" announced the haughty mistress to the\nnew maid. \"If I beckon with my\nfinger, that means come.\"\n\"Suits me, mum,\" replied the girl.\n\"I'm a woman of few words myself.\nIf I shake me. head, that means I\nain't comin'.\"\nEconomist Warns\nFinancial Leaders\nSir Arthur James Salter, former\ndirector of the economic section of\nthe League of Nations, in his recent\naddress before the Bond Club of New\nYork gave an admirable example of\nthe spirit in which important economical questions ought to be considered. He pointed out to the assembled\nfinanciers that the later development\nof our competitive, individualistic\ncapitalist system has brought out\nwith increasing clearness both its\nmerits and its defects\u2014the former\nconsisting .essentially jn its stimulus\nto productive activity, the latter in\nits inabalify to utilize its capacity\nregularly and to distribute the results justly. If we are not to have\nchaos, then, we are faced with a\nchoice, he declared, between collective leadership by industry and finance on the one hand and collective\ncontrol by the state on the other.\nHence he urged upon his audience\nthe necessity for consultation in order that they might help furnish the\nleadership- the world will need in\ntheir field, particularly in the way\nof checking mad speculation and undesirable government loans. Capitalism plainly cannot vindicate and\nmaintain itsejf except by the exercise of collective responsibility on\nthe part of its leaders, as Sir Arthur\nSalter suggests. Why can we in this\ncountry not have a larger measure\nof such thoughtful and reasoned consideration of tbe actual problems of\nour present position, with an attempt\nto find practical solutions, instead\nof the passionate and unreasoning\ndefense of things as they ai \u25a0 that\nmarks the utterances of our President and other public men of the\nsame type?\u2014The Nation.\nOur best cemeteries are filled with\nintelligent people who tried to laugh\noff a cold.\n Friday, JulyV .i7th, ~193* \">\n\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0Wfr*1*-\nTHE   LA\nB 0 R.\nSTATESMAN\nPage Three\nA\nTrades Union Directory\nLABOR HEADQUARTERS, 529-531 BEATTY STREET\nVancouver Trades aad labor Council\u2014\nPresident, C. McDonild; general secretary, Percy R. Bengough. Office. 200\nLabor Headquarters, 531 Beatty St.\nPhone Sey. 7495. Meets In Labor Hall\nat 8 p.m. on the flrst and third Tuesdays In month. .\nBakery ana Confectionery Workers' International r\/nlon, Local No. 4\u00ab8,\nmeets flrst and\" third Saturday' Ja\nmonth at 7:00 p.m. at Labor Headquarters. President, \u2022 Jas. Brydson;\nSecretary's Office,. Room 304. Labor\nHeadquarters; Hours 9:30 a.m. to 12\nnoon.    Phone: Sey. 3349.\n\u25a0evera*-. Dispensers' Union, Wo. 678\u2014\nMeets last Sunday at 8 p.m., Koom\n\u2122;_, 2' I^D0r Headquarters; second\nFriday at 10 a.m. at the office Pres.,\n\u25a0 M... J. Oalvln; Secretary and Bus.\nAgent, T J. Hanafln. Office: Room 1,\nEagles Hall, 536 Homer St. Phones\nSey. 4783 and Bay. 1656-11. > Hours:\n\u00bb to 2 p.m.\nBridge and Structural Iron Workers,\nliocal 97, Int. Assoc\u2014Meets every\nWednesday, Hall 3, Labor Headquarters, at 8 p.m. President, W. Dickson;\nSecretary, p. Laurel, Koom 311, Labor\nHeadquurters. Phones; office, .-Sey.\n7495; Residence, High. 5679X.\nMill and Factory Workers' Union, looal\nVo. ISM \u2014 Affiliated with United\nBrotherhood of Carpenters A Joiners.\n.Meets first and third Thursdays In\nHall N'o. 3, Labor Headquarters. Pres;,\nG. Campbell. Secretary-Treasurer,\nC. Carslake. .1124 Albernl StV-\nMotion   rictur.i   Projectionist*'   Union,\nLocal 348,  of  I.A.T.S.E.  fc M.P.M.O\t\n11:30 p.m.; first Friday In month. In\nHall'No. 3 Labor Headquarters. President, Locksley Clark; Secretary, J. C.\nRichards, \"Box 345. Phone Douglas\n1574-R; Business Agent, J. R. Foster,\nPhone Trinity 6708.\nMusicians' Mutual Protective Union,\nLocal 145, A. T. ot tC\u2014Meets at the\nO.W.V.A. Auditorium, second Sunday\nat 10 a.m. President, J. Bowyer;\nGeneral Secretary, W. Coullng; Organ^ > .,\nUer, F. Fletcher. Office. Suite 307-319, .failure.\"\nWest Pender.    Phofie Douglas 2290.\nBuilding Trades Council, Vancouver\u2014\nMeeis second and fourth Tuesday In\nHall 315, Labor Headquarters. Presl-\n\u25a05SF w D;,w\"8on: secretary-treas-\nurcr XV. Pago Room 301, Labor\nHeadquarters.     Phone  SVy.   7495.\n*mSS1!! J\u00bbJr\u00bb\u2022 yman International\nUnion of Am.rloa\u2014Local 120, meets\nsecond and fourth Tuesdays In each\nmonth. In Hall No. 3? Labor^Headquarters.   President, Fred Dawe; Sec-\n?r?aa,oC'JE' He\"-e't. Office 104\nLabor Headquarters.\n\"\u00bb\"\"\u2022\"' l\u00b0o*i Ho. 106, Int. Broth-\n!5\u00a3fc\u00a3_*. \"econ'1 Tuesday In\nmonth at Professional and Business\nWoman's Club, Empire Bldg ,603\n'imOMihS:. 0Pl-e\"l.den'. Mrs. Harvey\n84|7HQaUntib,tonSse.Cretary'Th08- CarroM'\ni'kn\\aI'sV \u00bbn<,t,1\u2014\u00bb<>\u00bb\u00ab International\nUnion Mo. 1\u2014Room 309, Labor Head;\n982&>Zk Meetf \u00ab<=ond and fouTth\nWednesday, In Hall No 3. Prealdent\nJ. O. Greenwood.  Phone Bay.  8047-T:\nfo.chr,e,flprhyo\u201errFfir.D,f?fRi: &\u201e ir\n^e'FnT'&.n128*\"*\"\u00bb\u00b0\u00bb*\nCrap and Mill Worker.' r.a.rai j,.^.\nUnion Wo. 31_Vancouver andiVlclSlu\nmeets every second Wednesday it\n'aSnT-'it \"^f0\u2122\" Street E. \"prel!\nTsuyukl       Mlya'awft'    Secretary,   K.\n\u00b0*hS!Jt,r\" *?\" Jote\u00ab\u00bb. \"nlt.d Brotherhood of, \u201eeal 488\u2014Fr.eid.nt Wm.\nffiWi Financial Secretary, R.W\nhL'h y-    .\u00b0\"ice'    Room    3 0    Labof\ng\u00bb Mlt?ed,?r T^eaaVr arTd\npi,\u201eSine8Sa.A^nt' W' * Scribblna. 3208\njffi W& fe8\"\"^ J   *\u2022'\u00bb\u00bb*\nCItJo Employ...' Union, Local \u00abS\u2014\nMeets first and third Frldaysln thl\noTh vr 2\u00a3IH, \u00ab\"\u00ab\u00bb\u00bb> \u00a3t, at I\nF\u2122\u00ab\u00bbr Pro?lde.nt' \u201ejBck Wood. \u00ab71\n. oWrii HStreet; Secretary-Treasurer,\nGeorge HarrlBon, 3427 Triumph Street.\n'^trta^h\"' E*1'?' ** \"-Meets In\n!hf\u2122i air0'- He\"<\"<J\"\u00ab\"rs. first and\nB rd.iMo,n,d.a\/\u2122n m.onth' President,\nHmSJISS-M* 21st: Reeord Sec^\n\u00ab*.?<?; M 8\\,D' Simpson. 627 Carnar-\nY\u00b0\"  __,V New, Westminster; Flnan-\nma%TiSS:^ MttrJor,e Deye\"'\nPainters, Decorators and Pap.rhang.rs,\nLocal 138 Meets second and fourth\nThursdays at Hall No-. 2. President.\nA. I). Hodge; Rec. Secretary, A. E.\nvaran, 14.42 Gjark Drive; Financial\nSecretary,-T. Katie. Office: Koom 313,\nLabor Headquartera. J?hon> St-y.-3609.\nPH. Drivers, Bridge, Wharf and Dock\nBuilders, Local Wo. 8404\u2014Meets every\nFriday night at 8 o'clock In 122 Hast-\nIngsg St. XV. President, S. (loy; Jas.\nThomson, Secretary, P. O. Box 320.\nI'hone Svyy 7874  .\nrlasterers, Eocal 89\u2014Op.ratlv. PlasUr-\n\u2022rs' and Cement Flnl.hers' International Association\u2014Meets flrst and\nthird Wednesday ln month at Hall No.\n2,     Labor    Headquarters.     President\n^.9,' ^alBho \"8 IM* 37th. Fras.\n108 R; Cor. Sec. A. Harry, 1116 East\n33rd Fair. 3222 R; Fin. Sec. E A\nWIlllamB, 830 East 12th\nFair. 5219 X.\nCement Finishers' Cor. Sec\nBalnes, 2866 Turner St.\n' Phone\nJ.    W.\n\u25a0IjgiljjtJWWtoW, Local 813, Internn-\n^5\" \u25a0\u00ab>*\u00bb\u00ab\u00bbnood-Meets flrstand\nthird Monday, at 8 p.m., at Labor\nHeadquarters. Prealdent. D. Me-\nDougal; Business Manager, E H\nMorrison. Office, 201 Labor Headquarters.    Phone Sey. 1510\n\u25a0\"ESt\"*\u2014international Onion \u00abf Over-\nnW^'i'fS**?*' \u2122\" \"S\u2014Meets 1st\nand 3rd Friday at 8 p.m.. Hall 3.\nPresident. F. L. Hunt; Rec SecTo. E\nnLWlV _ft_\u2122 Agent *ni F|n. Sec,\nGeorge Pettipiece. office, 301 Labor\nHeadquarters.   Phone, Trinity 6434\nfire Tighten, Mo. U, International\nrM*S\u00b0\" ,\u00b0\/-Meet. .v.Ty^nth^\na\u201ePf .\"k d\\m 5' nl* Hastings E.\nPresident. N. McDonald, Ut6 McLean\nDrive; Financial Secretary C A Wat-\nson,  1624 East 8th a\"n\u201e.    * W,t\nPloorUyer.. Union, \u201e. U75, U. M. of\nTi,\u201e7.Hf^ *;\u2014Meets flrst and third\nThursdays In month at Hall No. I,\nLabor Headquarters. President, Oscar\nSoderman; >ln. Sec, Jack N.laon;\nSlJii.h fe.Jo.hn McDonaId. 2905 W\u00abt\nTwelth; Business Agent. W D Wll-\n\u00bbon, 1636 Fifth Av.   w ' \"'  W\"\nand Marin. Cook, and Stewards \u2014\nLocal 28. Suite 39, 411 Granville St.\nmeets wcond Monday each month\nat 3 p.m., and last Monday at 9 p.m\nPresident. Flo Allen; Secretary-\nTreasurer and Business Agent, Harry\nWood.    Phone Seymour IK.\n\u25a0roth.rhood of Carp.nt.ra \u2014 Meets\nevery flrst and third Wednesday of\neach month in Hall 101. Labor Headquarters, at I p.m. Prealdent, Mrs.\nC. J. Atkinson. 730 19th Ave. W.:\nSecretary, Elisabeth J. Hope, 1041 7th\nAve. K.\n**<>\u25a0'\u25a0\u00ab*\u25a0 yooa. Wire ana M.tal, mur-\nand third Mondays In month at Labor\nHeadquarterH. Secretary, F. Macey\nJ4B6 Weat Seventh Ave. Phone\nBayvlew 6831 L\n*2S,.tal,!VlJ.I'20*1 \u00ab\u00bb\u00ab-Presldent. Thos.\n8111s,  1352  Burrard St.; Secretary   P.\nR.     Bengough.    Office.    Room    ttt,\nLabor Headquarters.   Meets on second\n.    and fourth Tuesdays In Hall 111.\nMilk Wagon DrlT.n aad Bain Bmpl.y-\nmi, ; Looal 464\u2014 Office 108, Labor\nHeadquartera Meeta second and\nfourth Fridays In Hall No. 1. President, J. Mitchell; Secretary-Treasurer.\nBlrt Showier, K41 Triumph. Phone\nHigh.  (117,\nPlumbers snd Steamfitters, Wo. 170,\nInternational Association\u2014Meets every\nsecond and fourth Friday In Hair\nNo. '2. President, Val Pearson, 787;\nhtitat 62nd; Financial Secretary and\nBusiness Agent. W. Watt, 305-7 Labor\nHeadquarters.\nPrinting Pressmen and Assistants, Local\nWo. 69\u2014Meets every second Tuesday\nIn the month at 8 p.m. In Hall No.\n2, Labor Headquarters. President,\nW. W. Qulgley. 2047 West Second;\nSecretary, Thos. S. Exert, 1807 East\nThirty-eighth.\nBallway Carmen of America, Lodge Wo.\n58\u2014Meets first and third Friday ln\nmonth at Labor Headquartera. President, A. S. Ross. 6806 Sophia Street;\nRec Secretary, J. D. Valllamy, 2116\nWeat 16th.\nEditor, Labor Statesman.\nSir,-^-Sohie things can be st'ientifi\ncally demonstrated, others may be\nlogically assumed, but to prophesy\nwhich is the irifallable line of political tactics to pursue to attain a desired social economic condition is\nsomething' which even angels mijiht\nhesitate to attempt.\n\u25a0 Yet your critical correspondent in\n;last week's issue takes me to task\n(I assume I am, at least, partly the\ntarget of his shafts) for attempting\nto \"conciliate the communist elements of the working class,\" for, as\nfie says, \"all attempts to reconcile\nthe irreconcilable are foredoomed to,\nStreet and Hleetru Hallway Employ...,\nPioneer Division Wo. 101\u2014Meets K. P.\nHall, 8th and Kingsway, first and\nthird Mondays at 10:15 a.m. and 7 p.m\nPresident. J. E. Smith: Recording\nSecretary, J. Price; Financial Secre-\n!?J7 and. Business Agent. H. W. Speed.\nOffice: Corner Prior and Main streets.\nPhone Sey. 5000.\nSheet Metal Workers' Association, Looal\nUnion Wo. 880\u2014Meets second and\nfourth Thursdays ln Hall No I.\nPresident, Jas. Strachan, 2206 W. llth;\nBusiness Agent and Secretary, Df^\nMacPherson, 108 Labor Headquarters.\nTallon' Journeymen Union of Amerloa\nLooal Wo. ITS\u2014Meetings held second\nMonday, each  month,  8  p.m.    Executive  meets  fourth   Monday   of  every\nmonth In Labor Headquarters.    Presl-\n' dent,  Colin  McDonald;  Secretary,  W.\n'   W. Hocken, 1682 llth Ave. E.; Finan-\n'   clal Secretary, H. Nordlund. 1930 llth\nAve. E.\n*axl. Stag, aad Bus Driver., Looal 161\n~I*Jt*.,s eecond and fourth Mondays\nat 10.10 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. President,\nW. Wilson. Office. 306 Labor Head-\nquarters; Phone. Sey. 7496.\nTeamsters, Chauff.urs, Stabl.m.n aad\nHtlpers, Local 468\u2014311 Labor Headquarters. Meets every First and Third\nMonday, Labor Headquarters. President F. T. Goodrich, 1239 Woodland,\nHigh. 2095-X; Secretary - Treasurer,\nBlrt Showier. Room 306, Labor Headquarters. \u2022\nTheatrical    Stag.    Employ...'    Union.\nLocal 118 of the I.A.T.S.B. fc M.PM.O.\nMeets second Tuesday In Labor Head=\nquarter!! at MO a.m. President, Geo.\nW. Allen; Recording Secretary H\nPearson; Business Agent, B. McGlone\naddress. P. Q. Box 7-11. '\nTypographical Union, Wo. 880\u2014President, C. a. Campbell; Vice-President,\nK. R. Bayley; Secretary^Treasurer. R.\nH. Neelands. 100-2 Labor Headquarters. Meets last Sunday of each month\nat 2 p.m., In Hall No. 1, Labor Head-\nquartera. \t\nUnion Label Trad.. Connoil meets in\nHall No. 4, Labor Headquarters, til\nBeatty Street, second and fourth\nThursdays in each month at I o'clock.\nPresident, Colin McDonald. 1884 St.\nGeorge Street, Phone Fair. 1117-T.\nSecretary, Motile Dolk, 1687 Fifth\nAvenue East.   Phone High. 477-T.\n- 'iPrince Rupert\nTrades & Labor Council\nMEETS second Thursday in each\n\"* month. President. S. D.- McDonald, Box 288. Secretary, Frank\nDerry, Box 498, Prince Rupert.B.C.\nNOTARY PUBLIC\nP. R. BENGOUGH   1\nSecretary Trades fc Labor Council\nWoom 100    Ml Butty Strs.t\nPhones; Sey. 74I8-II7*\nGranted, but, personally, far from\nregarding these1 two groups\u2014Communist and I. L. P.\u2014as irreconcilable\nI am so assured that in the very near\nfuture conditions will compel them\nto cease magnifying the importance,\nof their \"superficial differences and\nget together to further the fundamental essentials upon which they\nagree, that l will not waste time or\neffort in keping alive a spirit of antagonism,. particularly-- white    the\nforces' of \"capitalism are so'\"strong\nand the active workers for socialism\nso few.\nSuch an attitude may be \"a source\nof amusement to some and derision\nand ridicule to others,\" but it certainly cannot be a source of' widening the gap between those who eventually must be. together. \"Workers\nof the world Unite\" is to me something moreiJian an empty shibboleth.\nThe two groups at the moment\nrepresent two types of individual and\ntactics\u2014^so distinct that it wouid be\ndisasterous to attempt at the present\ntime to bring them in to ope organization.\nThere is work for each group and\neach tactical policy, and despite our\ncritic's disagreement it may be that\nthe actions of \"a self-appointed minority, disguised under the high-\nsounding phrase of 'the dictatorship\nof- the proletariat' may be the medium of. attainment of 'democratic\nsocialism based upon the consent of\nthe majority of the population'.\"\nWho knows?\nMight I suggest that in assessing\nthe merits of the Communist party\nand its tactics it is unwise to limit\nyour horizon too close to home. Distance sometimes lends clarity to the\nvision. If for no other reason than\nthe successful accomplishment of the\nRussian revolution, and the remarkf-\nable example of organization, enthusiasm for a world revolution,\nand integrity of the Communist\nparty as exemplified in that country,\nwe must, or at any rate I will, express by appreciation by refusing to\ndevote any time or effort to fostering\nantagonism between the local groups\nof the respective class-conscious\nworking-class parties.\nE. WINCH.\nTHE  WORLD-WIDE DEPRESSION\nAND IT'S CAUSE\nEditor, Labor Statesman.\nDear Sir,\u2014Some few wise-head\nmathematicians, early in the postwar rebirth, of the so-called gold\nstandard, predicted that unless that\nfiction were discarded and an honest\nreturn to paper money, recognizing\nsame as tokens of credit without any\ntrammelling gold backing, that well\nwithin its fifteenth birthday the\nwhole world would And itself lint\nbroke. We are now oriiy a sfiort way\noff that same birthday, and need no\ncomment on conditions. This is the\nway these men arrived at their conclusions, and without suggestion of\nposing as prophets, are seeing their\npredictions come true. Now if one\ntrades upon credits and pays as low\nas five per cent, for that credit, he\nmust, by compounding again and\nagain that instalment paid interest,\npay exactly $2,000 (together with\nprincipal) for a $1,000 loan that has\nrun fifteen years. We have but to\nconsider the fact that many loans\nand credits run into usurious rate of\nmany times that percentage, and, because of their individual smallness,\nare passed 'as of no great importance,\nyet stand for figures when considered\ncollectively. . Demonstrating that because of this so-called gold standard\nwhich only exists in name, for no\ngold ever has or will again come into\ncirculation, we have been trading on\nheavily taxed credits, meaning that\nbecause such, every dollar floating\nhas to find its way back to its original\nloaners, the banks, mortgagees, insurance capital, etc., etc., leaving the\nsmall trader flat broke, with he and\nhis kind unable to employ labor,- or\ncontinue to restock.\nThe process is as simple as the\ncure, if one but takes a casual glance\nHat two newspaper excerpts here following (copied from our local Vancouver newssheets about November,\n1921): .      .\n'\u2022\u2022'\u25a0' .'\/'..\n,   Growth of a Beuak\n\"lii\" 190,0, there were thirty-four\nchartered banks operating in Canada,\nthere are but nineteen today. The\neager industry of establishing^banks\nhas not beijn very pitofitable, 'yet\nbanking business has grown enor-;\nmously, Sir Frederick Williams Taylor, general manager of the Bank of\nMontreal, makes the surprising statement that,the assets of thi3 bank today are equal teethe whole combined\nassets of the thirty-four banks of\nseventeen years ago.\"\n*     *    +       .\n'\"November,. 14th, 1922- The\nMontreal Star' scathingly denounces\nMontreal-Merchants Bank merger as\ncowardly. Asserts returns . wej-e\nfalse, in spite of court's findings.\nBy those unacquainted With facts at\nthe time of the disclosures, the inference was drawn that the bank's\ncapital must have been seriously impaired to justify such a step.\n\"When it was discovered that eve*\nunder   drastic   accountancy,   cutting\ndown surplus, the bank's capital was;\nintact;   unimpaired1; \"and   over   and\nabove  its  capital  was a  surplus  of:\n$1,600,000,   there   was    widespread\ndismay and well-founded indignation\nat the surrender of the property.\n. i .- Und*r \u2014- careful - ^irertOTC^ttH!'\nshareswere-well worth $160,- andnot\nthe trifle forced on the stockholders\nby the Bank of Montreal.\n\"In effect, judge Deearie's judgment declares ihat in a legal sense\nthe erring report was not known to\nbe false.\n\"It -was false and was known to\nbe so, but as collusion or otherwise,\nbranch reports concealed facts that\nwere known, to directors and were\nignored by them.\"\nThe above may be easily verified\nby any sufficiently interested in their\nown and national welfare, and is by\nno means the worst of these chartered banks' depredations against\npublic weal, for by now only numbering ten, all working into each other's\nhands they not only create fictitious\nbooms when they desire another carousal, but, by advising depositors\n(when it suits their time to make a\nslump) to by no means invest in anything whatever, they call in outstanding debts, refuse to make new\nloans or carry the old ones, then\nwhen prosperity (their own false and\nforced one) comes crashing down\nwipe off these debts as a loss, thereby holding their otherwise'big dividends, at a seemingly reasonable figure around twelve per cent, pass the\nbad debts over to a trust company\nwhich takes them at a. mere) trifle of\ntheir face value, then proceeds to\nrake in by way of foreclosures colat-\nteral many times the original amount\nof the loan, when, puff goes the\nbanks again, lulling the public into\nindifference by flaunting opportunities of easy money to be made by\nreinvestment.\nThe Banking Act, open to any, at\nthe public libraries, will show the\nvery small capital any bank needed\nto commence business, so allowing\nthey did hot put up greater than was\nneeded by the government, then consider they have erected buildings\nacross the country regardless of\ncosts as to sites and structures, have\npaid big dividends, wages (such as\nthey are), taxes, loaned the government and commerce millions counted\nby thousands, made collossal losses,\nthen brag about their accumulated\nwealth and power, it suggests time\nhas more than arrived to make tha\nwhole a national privilege, strictly\nand only.  \u25a0 \u25a0   '  - \u25a0 ';**'\u2022\nRaising loans to alleviate conditions as suggested by our Premier is\nnot only no alleviator, but an aggravate of conditions, for, if this $100,-\n000,000 runs in the nature of thirty-\nyear bonds it means (by accumulated and compounded interests)\nthat we will be-faced with a'debt of\nfour times the original amount, with\nconditions worse than ever so soon\nas the whole has found its way back\nagain to the banks.\nBy nationalizing our banks and\ncurrency bur governments could\nthen borrow of themselves at a fraction of one per cent., just sufficient\nto cover costs of auditing. Then\nagain, the farmer could get long-\nterm mortgages at one per cent., also\nthe home-owner at a like figure, going the whole hundred per cent, of\nthe real value, and while this may\nsound at lirst sight like risky business, improves itself as solid as earth.\nAllowing the nation had one million\nloans averaging $3,000 at such interests, she would be raking in $80,-\n000,000 a year clear profit aside\nfrom the huge volume of instalments\npaid in monthly, weekly or whatnot,\nso with all this accumulating profits\nshe coUld not only cut down taxation\nbut spend lavishly on unlimited\nthough needed developments and\nnever again know hard times.\nIf Jones built a house worth\n$3,000, sold it to Smith for that sum,\nwho gets his government mortgage\nfor the full amount, then Jones, not\nCHfifcOPRACTOR\nKOBT. A. TRETHEWEY\nMaimer Graduate.    X-Bay Service\nTune  in on  CJOR\nEvery Tuesday- and Friday mornings from 9:4Q to 9:55\n704 Dominion Bank  Building'\nPhone: Seymour 5833\nPhon. Say. 5046\nDr. B. G. VINSON\nDENTISTS\n5 Chairs\n46 Hastings St. East\nIndependent\n\"V Undertaking\nCO. LTD.\nC.   FRANK  EDWARDS\nHAROID H. EDWARDS\n705 W. Broadway. FJ^r^6.??.\ncaring; to carry so big a sum around,\ndoes the only sensible thing, places,\nit in the bank. The government not\nonly, has Smith's house and efforts as\nsecurity, but has Jones' $3,000 again\nin it* b\u00abV<ta-t\u00ab-fffwm-'wi\u00bbrking -aritrr\"\"\n. L.Hhen consider -the huge numfier of\nfloating checks that stands, each, un-\ntil_.,Cashed, a floating loan to the\nbanks at no interest.\nAgain, the number of bank bills\nthat get lost, burned, or otherwise\ntaken out of circulation for good, all\nthis would be profit to the nation instead of to chartered bank manipulation. I '        \u25a0   \"\nIt is all very easy to bring about\nif the workers will but get together.\non this point, -insist and see it becomes law' and once started would\nsoon be followed by other countries,\nand, because of the fact that rent-\npaying would go out entirely, with\nevery unit of each nation a stake in\nhis country, wars would be impossible, for Mr. Man would -look too\nwell after his own and fariiily's interests to risk any smashing-up.\nThe whole scheme has got anything Marx ever dreamed of backed\noff the map, and must eventually be\nthe outcome of what Russia is striving to accomplish, for by this, initiative is not crushed, and the zest to\nwork, produce and consume enhanced.\nHoping sortie more able pen will\nfollow this up, I remain, yours hopefully,\nE.A.Y.\nM\n.\u00abs.\nFrench Deputies Block\nBattleship Building\nThe French Chamber of Deputies\nhas set an example to parliaments\neverywhere by refusing to vote the\n23,000-ton battleship- which the\nminister of marine demanded as an\noffset to the new 10,000-ton German\nvessel.     For   once   legislators  have\nrefused to be led by the nose by their-\t\ngovernment and the so-called naval\nexperts. Would that our Congress\nmight.profit by the example! It was\nadmirably pointed out in the debate\nthat if France built a 23,000-ton battleship Italy would build one of 35,-\n000 tons,  and that there would  be\t\nno end to the thing; also it was insisted that it was preposterous to\nvote this ship when Europe is on the \u2014\nverge of a disarmament conference\nwhich will take place before the keel\nof the ship could be laid. This, and\nthe tremendous popular acclaim\ngiven to Briand's pacifist speech at\nQourdon, give us further reason to\nbelieve that the French'people are\nnot so frightened about their security\nas the politicians would have us believe. On the contrary, we still feel\nthat if there is any real anxiety\namong the French people about their\nsafety, it is because they have been\nwhipped into it by their conscienceless politicians for the sake of politics and personal preferment.\n. ..-\nHIGHER PRICES URGED\nTO  CURE  DEPRESSION\nNEW YORK.\u2014An advance in the\nprices of commodities which 110.000.000\npeople in the United States have to- buy\nin order to live is recommended as the\nbest of all cures for the present business depression by Thomas F. Wood-\nlock, special writer on the Wall Street\u2014\nJournal. Mr. Woodlock was formerly a\nmember of the United States Interstate\nCommerce Commission,\n. Of ctwrse.an advance in, the.prices of\ncommodities would lower the living\nstandards of labor, and competent authorities claim that employers now are\niftying millions of workers less than a\n\u2022'cent living wage.    But a little thing\nke. lowered standards of living for the\n'tej ruts no figure with the Wood-\nrk type compared with more luxuries\n'\u25a0\" those who own our industrial estab-\n1!,'hments and consequently the commodities which proceed from the brain\nand brawn of labor.\n\u2022     i\n *   .\nPage Foiir\nTHE   LABOR   STATESMAN\nFriday, July 17th, 1-93-1\nThe Labor Statesma\nPublished every Friday, ;tt  l.;il\n*\u25a0 j' *_ ,r_A'_ _ -    *nr\\\nwin\nJ>or...,.\nHeadquarters, Vancouver, &.C.\nOwned ,,by 4he Vancouver, New\nWestminster and District Trades\nand Labor Council.\nTHE OPEN ROAD\n\"\/\u25a0       AFOOT WITH JACK LOGIE\nH. W. Watts, Man. Editor.\nPRESS COMMITTEE: \\    '\nEd. Smith Chairman; W. Watt (Building   Trades   Council)J, P.   R.   Bengough\n(Machinist    Trades);\n(Printing     Trades);\n(Building Trades); B. Showier (Teaming\nTrades); Tt Hanofln (Beverage Tradea);\nC. Herrett (Label Trades); Bert Speed\n(Transportation Trades),     \u2022\nSubscription Rates: $2 per Year: to\nUnions, 16c per month per member.\nFhon.I Seymour 6379\nVancouver, Friday, July 17, 1931\nSEEDS FOR DISCONTENT\nEvery' person  or  interest  taking\nadvantage of the present depression\nto reduce wages or otherwise impose\nincreased hardships on labor without\ncorresponding increases in remuneration is helping to sow the seeds of\nunrest and discontent. _What there-.\nactioTT io\".'a'\"general reduction in\nwages would be no one can foretell\nbut'it is certain that it would be\nmost stubborn and determined.\nIf those who today are' in a posi\ntion to turn the tide against the\ngrowing mania for cutting wages\nfail to <lo so then dark days indeed\nlie ahead. Those who are most helpless and who can least afford to have\ntheir earnings reduced are the very\nones being slashed most unmercifully.\nIn most cases there is no legitimate\nexcuse for this cutting of wages. As\n. Having  just    completed   a   little\njaunt which began at, the town of\nTia   Juana   (Aunt.  Jane),  on   the.\nMexican border, and ended at Victoria, a   few impressions   gathered\n.... ..,._ along the way might be of interest.\nR. H. Neelands On aMong trip of that sort one loses\"\nDan McPherson touch with the outside world and is\nmainly concerned with the incidents\nof the road and life is circumscribed\nby the width of the highway and the\nhouses, fields, gas tanks and hot dog\nstands which bound it on both sides.\nI haven't seen a newspaper for so\nlong that I have mo idea what ia\ngojng on in the world and I don't\ncare. A punctured tire on the top\nof the highest summit was of more\nmoment than the fall of stocks and\nthe bursting of monetary bubbles,\nand the collapse of German finances\nfaded into insignificance before the\nimminent collapse of my own. ,1\nheard it rumored that someone had\nflown around the world in record\ntime but my problem was how to get\nthe old flivver to the nearest garage\nwith two cylinders missing and a\nbroken spark plug.\nThe whole world is on the road\nthese days, and_Jf you keep, your\neyes and \"eats open as you wander\nalong you may get some yer\/ interesting sidelights on life in general\nand the economic system in particular. The rich whizz past in limousines gleaming with nickel and brass,\nthe poor limp along in tirriizzies tied\ntogether with haywire and rope, and.\nthe very poor tramp along in the hot\nsun carrying a roll of blankets on\ntheir backs.\n* *      \u25a0.\u25a0.\u2014*-.'\u2022\nOne day as we ate our lunch by\nthe side of the road,, an old man,\npoorly dressed but very neat and\nclean  in appearance,   stopped   and\nthings now stand prevailing wages asked if he might have a drink of\nhave been permitted to fall so far water. I asked him if he was on the\nbehind the increased output preva- road looking for a job,' but he anient in our% day and age that the swefed that as he was 79 years of\ndirection in'which practically every age a job for him was out of the\nindustry should move is in the direc- question. I said that there was\ntion of increased wages accompanied nothing left for us but to fight for\nby materially shortened -hours of la- Socialism, but he replied, \"Even that\nbor and a substantial decrease in sell- is not'for me. All I have to look\ning prices of nearly every eommod- forward to in life is a struggle for\nity which is produced aftd sold in the very existence. There are hundreds\nopen market today. of such old men tramping the roads\nUnless industry, as organized and today, and how they manage to live\nwant there is the most glaring waste.\nSixteen carloads of bananas were\ndumped in Los Angeles harbor; the\napricot crop of Ventura county was\nnot even picked, but left on the\ntrees; thousands Of tons of grapes\nare left on the vines to rot, and the\nsame story is true of peaches. The\nproductive forces of the country are\nscarcely touched, but the products\nare wasted and spoiled while the\npeople who need them go hungry. It's\na mad world. \u25a0!** \u00ab\n\u00bb * *\nIn spite of the economic stress\nand struggle of competition the one\nfact which stands out above all\nothers is that, at heart, people are\ninherently kindly and always ready\nto lend a helping hand to a weary\nwayfarer who needs assistance. I\nmet with unfailing courtesy from\neveryone I contacted and still have\nfaith that out of this economic mess\nin which we all suffer and agonize,\nthe spirit of human kindliness will\nraise us to greater heights of- brotherhood and co-operation. Everywhere the demand.for a change in\nour economic system is rising in a\nmighty, xoar,-and seme daym the\nnear future the cry for justice from\nthe old men who wearily tramp the\nhighways, from the migratory workers who, sick at heart, search' for\nwork where no work can be found,\nand from the farmers who labor for\nno reward, will awaken a response\nin the hearts of the common people.\n-\nMusicians'\nNotes\nBy Con Sordine\n*\nconducted today, can figure out ways\nand means to move in these three\ndirections as far as it is possible to\ngo, then our entire system of production and distribution becomes a\ndismal failure. What good purpose\ndoes- it serve to have improved machinery of every description, turning\nout an, enormous quantity of everything that human beings need, if\nthose who constitute the rank and\n, file of the population are denied the\nopportunity to earn enough to supply\ntheir wants? \u201e \"\nIt is not the agitators who are\ndoing so much to create unrest- in\nthe land as it is those short-sighted\nand greedy individuals, who press\nevery unfair advantage to the limit\nfor their own, enrichment.       -\nTo reduce wages at such a time as\nthe present is to plant most dangerous seeds of discontent; and no matter how profitable the practice may\nseem to those who are doing it, such\nunjust gains today are jn danger of\nbecoming the spoils of a hungry\"innt\ndesperate mob tomorrow.\n. Think well,\u00bbyou wage-cutters of\ntoday, what the consequences of\nyour acts may be. Is there not\nenough discontent already ' without\n- planting more of it?\nA strike-breaker who was trying\nto hold down a job on one of the\nconstruction jobs which was involved\nin a lock-out against union carpenters, who would not accept a reduction in pay, was arrested last week\nfor carrying a concealed weapon\nand fined $25 in police court. That's\npicking them out.\nOne union in Vancouver has instructed its secretary to tear up any\nletters that come from Mr. Leckie,\nthe secretary of the General Contractors' Association, who has set\nhimself up as a sort of Mushsolini\nagainst the trades unions. Other\nunions might follow this action, even\nthough the Association is about\nknocked out since their wage-slashing campaign failed.\nGovernment apathy'in connection\nwith our present day conditions\nseems to be the order of the day,\nwhilst as Harry Wood says in his\n\"Fog of the Capital\" story, the municipal, provincial and federal governments are doing everything excepting what they should do. No wonder the workers are growing restless.\n. A one-ring circus is like a bad\ncigar. The band is the chief attraction.\nis beyond.my comprehension. This\nman was a Swede and had grown\ngrey in the lumber and railway\ncamps of the country and his reward\nwas to sleep by the roadside and beg\n\\his food from door to doorr As I\ndrove on I thought of that hobo verse\nwhich says:\n\"He built the road;\nWith others of his class he built\nthe road;\nNow o'er it many a weary mile he\npacks; his load\nAnd walks and walks and walks\nand walks;\nAnd'wonders why in hell he built\nthe road.\"     - ,  .\nIn Southern California the wayfarers were nearly all old men, but\nas we got further north younger men\nwere in evidence. Those who are\nyoung and strong can ride the bumpers or pool their slim resources with\ntwo or three others and nurse a\ndecrepit old flivver so long as it will\nhang together. But the old men have\nto walk. We saw scores of families\nmigrating from place to place, in\nsearch of the elusive job with all\ntheir worldly goods piled high and\ntied on with rope and a dog or cat\nstanding guard on the summit of the\nheap.\nThe worker has to keep on moving\nbut the farmer sits by the side of the\nroad and has at least a place to sleep\nuntil the bank or mortgage company\nkicks him out to join the great majority. All farms seemed to be for\nsale, judging by the signs which were\ndisplayed, and most farm houses\nlooked as if they ought to be mortgaged, as they were badly in need of\npaint and general repair. The only\nbarns which had been painted were\nthose which recommended in large\nletters that you should chew \"Mail\nPouch Chewing Tobacco\" or use \"Dr.\nPierce's Favorite Prescription for\nWeak Women.\" However, for the\nfarmer, all is not lost. When agriculture fails he can still put in a gas\ntank, put up a few cabins, plaster\nhis place with hot dog and Coca Cola\nsigns, call the outfit Sylvan Dell or\nRocky Glen and cater to the world\nwhich whizzes by his door. The oil\ncompanies keep the premises clean\nwith fresh paint and a spurious air\nof prosperity is lent to the ensemble.\nIf his farm is off the main highway\nthe poor agriculturist is out of luck\nand all he can do is work hard and\ngo broke without making too much\nfuss about it.\n*\u2022_:'\"'\u00bb .\nEverywhere the general sentiment\nis one of pessimism and hard times.\nAn agreement has now been arrived at between the -Canadian Pacific Steamships .and the Union, and\nan'orchestra of five of our members\nis to commence work on the R.M.S.\nEmpress of Canada on Saturday,\nJuly 18th. Bro. George Redfern is\nto be the leader. The happy result\nwhich has attended the negotiations\nhas pleased our office, and it is\nhoped that the agreement will be extended to cover the other trans-\nPacific Empresses.\n* * *        '. ~\nRadio Station CHLS, recently\nsigned up with the local, and for a\nlong time using non-union music, is\nnow employing a dance band of our\nmembers regularly every Saturday\nevening.\nI. LP. Notes\nThe I. L. P. is spreading fast. At\nthe regular popoganda meeting held\nWednesday, Comrade W. E. Turner spoke on the subject \"National\ninsurance.\" The questions and discussion were exceptionally good. This\nmeeting proved, as we have stated\nmi more than one occasion, that we\nhave in the labor movement men and\nwomen capable of filling any position.\nOn Friday evening at $ p.m. in the\nI. L. P. Hall, Hollybum,West Vancouver, Comrade Hawthorne will\nspeak on what is undoubtedly the\nmost appropriate subject to day,\n\"Co-operation.\"\nAt the next regular-business meet\n(Vancouver Branch), to be held\nWednesday, the 22nd, in the Williams building, all the comrades are\nrequested to attend as very- important business is to be transacted.\u2014\nPress Committee.\nNORTH BURNABY ORGANIZED\nPermanent,, organization of the\nNorth Burnaby Branch of the I. L.\nP. was completed last Friday evening at Culley's Hall, Vancouver\nHeights. The following officers were\nelected:\nPresident\u2014Ernest Burns-\nVice-President\u2014T. O'Connor.\nRec. Secretary\u2014J. L. Worsley,\n5206 Hastings St. E.\nFin Secretary\u2014W. J. Holden.\nThere is much promising new material among the new members of\nthis local, and live wires were elected\non the executive and other -committees.\nArrangements were entered into to\nhold a mass meeting in Capital Hill\nCommunity Hall on Friday, August\n7th. Speakers: Dr, Lyle Telford and\nothers.\nAn educational and business meeting will be held in Culley's Hall,\nHastings street east, on Thursday\nevening, August 13th.\u2014K.ll.\nThey tell me that \"Pity is akin to\nLovs\"; if so, Pity must be a poor re-\nSide by side with poverty and actual jation.\u2014Sir Arthur Keeps.\n0 T}u\u00bbm**$*ii (Enmpflita^\n|MCOR>ONAT(0 t*t HAY IBTO.  '.     _\nWhwnKW. TaWaa,\nDOWNSTAIRS  ECONOMY  FLOOR\nSolid Leather\nWork Boots\nT\\0 you work out of doors?\nThen you'll get a lot of\nsatisfaction out of these substantially-made, comfortable\nboots. Solid leather uppers\nand soles; rubber heels;\nblack.   Sizes 6 fo II.\n\u25a0\nEstablished 1896\nIn three years the Policy Holders of the\n\"FIRE INSURANCE MUTUAL\" \u2014THE\nWAWANESA\u2014have saved\nONE MILLION DOLLARS\nWAWANESA MUTUAL INSURANCE CO.\nFIRE\n624 Birks Building\nAUTO\nThis advertisement is not published or displayed by the Liquor\nControl Board or by the Government of British Columbia.\n\\\n \u25a0\"\u25a0'\"\u25a0       y~:eS   ;\ny - .\u2022 v\nV-'.V\n<.\n\"   Friday, July 17th, 1931\n\/--.\nTHE, LAffPft  STATESMAN\nVANCOUVER'S ONE HUNDRED PER CENT.\nALL-CANADIAN\nWAIKATffON\nNOW NEARING ITS 1200 HOUR.\nFive .and a Half Couples Left\nA Real Endurance Contest!\nLISTEN  IN   ON   CKMO   (EXCLUSIVE   BHOADCABT]\nDally   7:30 a.m., 2:30, 3:30   ana   11:30   p.m.;   Mondays   and   Tuesdays\n10:30 to 13 p.m.\nVANCOUVER THEATRE\nPhone Sey. 852 Admission: Adults 25c, Balcony 15c\nLend Me Your Eyes!\n(By BILL)   \u25a0\nobjections to loaning men from one\nemployer to another. The most notable and unique feature of the whole\ninstrument is that at so early a date\nthey, had trade agreements, especially in the building trades. No doubt\nthis, early date will be surprising to\niii-'iny; some may doubt the statements made, but. according to the\ninformation from Thomas E. Burke,\nwho claims to have evidence of much\nearlier agreements dating back to the\nhi\u201ei,  j~\u2014    -.  \u2014'-'--\nPage Five\nL\nBelcarra Park\nPopular Picnic Ground of the\n'North  Arm.\nA 1ot.1t spot to hold jroor picnic\nReturn Fare, 70cj Children, SOe\n -   SPECIAL   RATES ;FOR,.-.\u2014\nPASTIES   \u25a0\u25a0\nBoats leave Gore Ave.  Wharf\ndaily 10 a.m..    Sat, and Sun.,.\nHARBOUR NAVIGATION CO.\nJUmlt*d\nPbone Seymour 6163\nFhon. I Bayvlew 5457\nDemonstrations and Estimates\nGiven.\nHygienic Rug\nCleaners\nBug's    and    Carpets    Electrically\nWashed ln Tour Own Horn.\nor at Onr Plant\nOne Day Service\nOrientals a Specialty\nAll Work Guaranteed\nSpecializing- ln  Cleaning On.st.r-\nnslds and Upholstery\n1116 West Broadway\nBuy B. C. Product!\nand  boost  your  own\npayroll\nDutch Maid\nMAYONNAISE\nat all stores\nDUTCH  MAID\nPBODUCTS   LTD.\nVancouver, B. 0.\nGREGORY & REID\nPAINT CO.\nEverything for the Wall\nP*S\"l, Brn~\u00ab\u00bb. Xalsomlnss,\nVBUVavex, 3-*ly Tonal.\nAntlmo  Whit.\nII  Weit  Haitingi Street\nT.lephon.:  Seymour 4036\nWhat Is Wrong with\nBurrard Street Bridge?\n. --Tt    appears   that   it    has   finally\ndawned on some of our city aldermen\nthat ballyhoo, etc., does not build a\nbridge.    Yes   there    is    something\nwrong at the Burrard street bridge,\nand there has been something wrong\nfor some time, but six months have\n.[ Pftssed-~ain\u00a3a_ things   went-- wrorrg.-\nFirst of all  the  employer attacked\nthe conditions of employment established by the men on bridge work in\nBritish Columbia for a period of 30\nyears.    In this we presume that he\nhad the full support of some of the\nmembers of the Building and Construction   Industries   Exchange,   of\nwhich organization the contractor on\nthe  Burrard street  bridge is president    _\n.Experienced  men- at  bridge  construction   refused    to' accept    any\nlower  standard   of   working  conditions than what was established in\nthe trade and those men were compelled to leave the job because they\nwould not work with inexperienced\nmen;   The same men, ratepayers of\nthis city, placed their case before the\nCity Council and were advised that\nthe    council   would   not    take   any\naction as they had the assurance of\nthe contractor that everything would\nbe alright.   We believe, at that time,\nmention was made of bridges built\nin China by the same party; anyway\nthey  were   built   far  enough   away\nthat the council could  only see the\npictures of them.\nExperienced bridgemen were given\nno consideration by the council and\nour information is that in order to\noffset the doubts created in some\nminds about the conditions on the\nbridge being as good as stated by the\ncontractor, the firm adopted the system of showing motion pictures of\nthe construction of Burrard street\nbridge. \"*\nThe daily press of this city came\nout with glaring headlines of supposed progress made on the construction, and this continued until one of\nthe piers floated away some two\nmonths ago and the fact that we have\nnot heard any more about the bridge\nin the daily press and the contractors\nceased showing their handicraft by\nmotion pictures proves that the City\nCouncil is not entirely up to the\nminute on, our daily, news. Of\ncourse, it is possible that the council might have thought that the pic-\nWe   were  told  by the   Conservative\nSaSSSSr** Br\"ish  Columbil   ,ha\na number of changes would take place\nand with'tiTl W,'th the ^\u00abuor  S\"\u00abd!\nemlv   hi        T?r WW***! appar-\nitel- wy,.ar'',vln\u00ab upjo their prom-1 =\u00bb\u00bb<er agreements dating back to the\nas chairman v!oml,fon- \u00ab*\u00bb appointed nigh dayLs of antiquity, especially\nrte s.Z-T ,a ver^U-P't\u00b0-date salary- TUnn? thl- buiIdinS \u00b0f Solomon's\norands of he^r fby U!'-'\"-K\"1K w \u25a0 rther I6\"\"1*. wmch was j\" the year 700\ntt\"X Jril\u00b0m dr,ffeJe\"t Parts Ah & SeVr,en c-enturies Prior to the\nia* tried *L f \"g iUrther afield he Shrist'an Er\u00ab- and \"'so quite authen-\ni'mlv the Won fr.onl.Ho\u00bban<i. Appar- \u2022\u00ab\u00ab evidence that with the thousands\nfancv f\u201er Holland bra\"d \"ckles his _ workmen engaged on that great\noil hand?r; acord,nS '\u00bb the information structure, they had the same slogan\nArrived ;,,vm\u00b0re Carloadsflfbecr has we hav5 today for a shorter work-\nWe Lud nTT,\" f0m Holland. d\u00ab?. and which was in vogue then, as\ntotaler ,w!l? \u00ab\/huat make even a tec- 't ls found they only worked eight\nint Jhl hi \"What ,s be,,ind a\u00bb this,' JPU\u00bb a day- So after all many of\nfor henr ^ W* to send to Holland   tne improvements we have in work-\neverv \u2122 e.spe.c,a.\"y \u00bb.* this time when lne fond.tions are not new. It is\nion for th! y'\"W !\" find Some solu- ^'tf\/'ear a,so that this agreement\nB6hPrem,h nnCmploym^m lotion? would indicate there was quite a\n\"Mil t remicr Bennett and Premier Tol- lar8e building program goin* oir in\nheir r^werh\u00bby fC doin* \u00ab\"*!.\u00ab.,, in \"id Sardis at the tin?e Ts* igree\nmentrH br\"18 about an adjust-   ment was entered into.    One thing I\nHon    Th\u00bbe P.re.se\"t \"\"employment situa-   f<*' sure about is that the building\n1\u00ab   !ykf?'Vhat they wil1 d0 their   tradesmen in those days did, in many\nhS       heip\u00ab boost anOrotcct the. ways,  enjoy  better conditions than\nmfe>Trfrmi    KSel pay rL\u00b0\"-   Did Pre- Speeded   up  and  8W\u00abated   ljke   our\nof LS sanefon such a rotten piece P^sent system.- The work) they pro\not business?    If he has then  it is up duced had. to be of first class work\nto  Premier  Bennett tn  nr\u201et\u00ab.  \u201e\u25a0   \u00bbi_ manahin' ~<l \u201e.,\u2666 n- Is.   .,    ...\nD. B. Kleenup\nCleansers,\nDetergent,,\nFloor Oils,\nDisinfectants,\nToilet Paper,\nL\u2014   etc.\nDustbane Products\nLimited\n326  We.t  Ha.ting.  Street\nSeymour 6491\nFRED DREW\nCLEANERS AND DYERS\nOdorless  Dry   Cleaning\n\u25a0\u2014   \u2014      Guaranteed!\t\nDoug. 4862        882 Homer St;\n.,,-\u00ab. ii\"      \u2014\u2014a'\" <.ta\\. me pic-   mmoia  going t<\ntures  really   represented   some, of state of affairs ?\nPort o' Van Ice Cream\nIs All Non-union\nSeveral complaints have been received at the office of the Dairy\nEmployees' Union that the Port O'\nVan Ice Cream Co. claims to be em- ____   ,nn    nor   nav\u00ab   thev\nploying union help     This statement,  ^n W 8t f\u00abVs \u00b0six or\u00b0\u201eve   morthZ\nlvyf. I* U\"^\u00bb P\u201eeri-en'yv\u00bb8nar80l\u00bb\u00abeR\"   What  the  alderman  did  suspect is\nly false.    The Port 0   Van Co. was    h t    \u2022     N     3 ^ t d      t   of\na,-.nHnT,n\u00b0th,h'e lit8\u2122 cftmp\"n,,e8 op- place by the tide and that, we un\nj W   \"i, \u00b0   y- . \u00b0mie y 2\" \"Pi '  dertta.nl    actuallv    hnnn\u00bbn\u00bbH\nand they have consistent^ r\u00bbf>.=\u00abJ \u00bb\u2022\u25a0\n*, ,,c ,ias  men  u  is  up\nto Premier Bennett to protest at  this\nimposition, owing to the fact that the\nB. C. Government is shouting for more\nmoney  from  the  Federal  Government,\nfor the purpose of feeding and creating\nwork for the unemployed in this province, when they at the same time are\nsending to Holland for their products,\nwhich means more unemployed among\nbrewery workers.   I   don't . know\u2014 just\nwhat excuse or alibi they can put for-\nvard.   The Holland beer costs more to\nthe consumer, and according to thc evidence received from a number of Hotel-\nkeepers,  we  are  told  that the  British\nColumbia beer is far superior in quality.\nHowever, no doubt Mr. Thompson will\nhave some alibi  lo offer, but the  fact\nremains that he. is doing his utmost to\nthrow more workers on the unemployed\nlist, and at the same time create more\nexpense to the taxpayer who eventually\nhas to foot the bills for thc relief department.   At the present time the Brewery  Workers   in   Vancouver  and   New\nWestminster   and   other   districts   are\nworking only half time, and the pospects\ndon't look bright for even keeping the\npresent employees on that basis, and on\nthe  fact of this  the Chairman  of the\nLiquor  Board  deliberately goes  ahead\nind brings in ten car-loads of beer from\nHolland.   The importation of beer from-\nHolland is more serious than most of\nus  would   imagine.    It  does  not  only\nthrow a number of Brewery workers out\nof employment, but it effects many other\nworkers   and   industries.    To  mention\n1 few, we have the Farmer who is growing hops close to our City, a Vancouver firm  who  is  manufacturing bottle\nwrappers and cartons, hag   and    sack,\nmanufacturer, the sheetmetal manufac-1\nturer of caps, the bottle manufacturer,\nthe printing trades, and  several  other\nindustries, and  in each case  it  means\nmore unemployment, and especially at\nthis time when so many of our people\nare begging for work of aqy kind. Just\nhow long are the people in British Columbia  going to stand for this rotten\n_._.    - *   ** \u00bb   *\n\u2014t    \u20145\u2014\"\nthose built in China\nPier Become* Barge\nYes, Alderman Bennett, things are\nnot as they should be on the Burrard\nstreet   bridge   job,   nor   have   they\n \u2022 \u00abmv7   -,1'iiic years ago,\nand they have consistently refused to\ndo any business with the trade\nunions, but,want the unions to give\nthem orders for their ice cream for\ntheir picnics. The company does not\nemploy any union help, and no self-\nrespecting man will work for them\nunder the conditions they have to\nwork under.\nThere is union-made ice cream,\nhowever. The Hazelwood Ice Cream\n\u2022 Co. has- employeed union men ever\nsince, they start ed business, and has\nalways been fair to the trade union\nmovement. When you buy ice cream I\ninsist on  Hazelwood,  and  you  will ]\nget qua'**\" \u00b0\"J :   ^_,,_ rlL1.\nreal fr __, ..\u201e\u201e m\u00bbu\u00ab irom  zen' to he]p tne contractor out of a\nSf'*i. L       i iL ,. t ,\u2022        hole.   We would advise the aldermen\nThe better class stores that believe  of this city that the taxpayers must\nin the worker getting a square deal  be protected at all cost and that the\nall handle Hazelwood. contractor must assume the respon-\n_ \u00ab\u00ab\u201e .w... .<%\u00ab. \u201e,... ........ sibility.    Promises made by the con-\n$3,000,000 JOBLESS FUND t,^ must be carried  ^t to the\nIN   PHILADELPHIA  ljmit.    There having been competent\niia.\u2014The official proced- engineers on the jotfrepresenting the-\nin.  \u00bb-   \u25a0\u2022> '- * city of Vancouver during the time\nof construction, we venture to suggest that the engineers have a lot- of\ninteresting information on the question    ioi\u00ab\u00bbJ    \u00ab\u2014    a i i\nderstand, actually happened. We\nare also informed that the probable\ncause of that happening was when\ncaisson was sealed with approximately 26,000 yards of concrete and\nmade a floating plant, there was no\nweights used to hold caisson in place\nwhen the water waa pumped out We\nare also informed that experienced\nmen always use wieghts for that purpose and experienced bridge contractors know that it is absolutely\nnecessary.\nWe wonder if the contractors expect the taxpayers to pay for such\nBelieving that this will be of interest, ana educational as well, and\nowing to the fact that the Building\nTrades   Council   of   Vancouver   has\nbeen trying for some years to get an\nagreement  with   the  building   contractors, I am  submitting  herewith\nan   old   building   trades' agreement,'\nentered into between the Roman proconsul of Sardis, Asia Minor and thei\nBuilding Trades Unions of.that city\nin   the    year   459.    According    to\nThomas    E.    Burke,     International\nSecretary-Treasurer of Plumbers and\nSteamfitters, hfirreceived the copy of\nthis agreement from Bro. John Frey,\nsecretary-treasurer    of    the    Metal\nTrades Department, who some years\nnreviqusly received  same from  Mr.\nW. H. Buckler, the American economist  and    archaeologist,    who    had\n .\u201e v*  nisi tiuss worK-\nmanship, and naturally they had the\nopportunity to take a pride in their\nwork, their slogan being quality before quantity. It would be hard to\nread from the agreement just what\nkind of relations they enjoyed from\nthe employers, and I am wondering\nif they had any Keens, Tuckers or\nLeckies to deal with! I don't think\nthey had, because if they had, they\nwould not have had any agreement.\nHerewith is a true copy of the\nagreement:\n '\u2014- Copy ot Agreement\n459 A.D.    \u2022 '*        j\nDeclaration   under    oath   by    the j\nbuilders and artisans of the most dis-1\ntinguished   metropolis   of   the   Sar\ndians. -       l\nIn the consulship of the most dis-J\ntinguished Flavius Patricus and of\nthc consul who shall have been proclaimed an. the fifth before the calends of May, in the most distinguished metropolis of the Sardians\ntwice honored with an emperor's\ntemple, in the twelfth most happy\nindiction and on the fourth of the\nmonth Daesius, we give the most excellent Aurelianus, devoted commissioner and defender of the said renowned metropolis, our assent to the\nthings hereinafter set forth:\nWhereas your excellency has received divers accusations against\ndivers persons practising our craft,\nto the effect that they take in hand\npieces of building work, leave these\nunfinished and obstruct the employers, deeming it important to abolish\nan injustice so detrimental to the\nemployers, you have requested from\nus this agreement and declaration\nunder oath in the following terms:\n\"We do agree and make oath by\nthe holy and life-giving Trinity andl\nby the safe preservation and victory I\nof the Lord of the inhabited earth, '\nm\nCastle Taxi\nTEDDY  M.ABI,  Prop.\t\nSEYMOUR 660\n\u25a0mart,   \u25a0SlcMnt   Barrio*.\nCity, SOo,    75s and $1.00\nNERVES!\nConstipation, Indigestion, Piles,\nRheumatism, Skin Diseases, Blood\nPressure, Neuritis, etc', success-\n- fully treated by Electric Steam\nProcess.\n\u25a0 \u2014 \u25a0. P. McDONAlD, N.S.\n724 Birks Bldg. Sey. 6083\nPHONE   SEV.   2800\nStar Steam Laundry\n00.   LTD.\n1115 BICHARDS STREET\nAlso   Pan-Co-Vesta   Dry   Cleaners\n547 Howe  Street\nPhon.  Bay. 2834\ncity's public works, while the artisan\nshall be compelled to pay eight pieces\nof gold, and shall further be liable,\neven after exaction of the fine, to\nprosecution under the divine edicts\non the charge of injustice; the present agreement remaining firm, unbroken and undisturbed in perpetuity, and being irrevocably carried out\nin strict conformity with all things\nabove determined and promised by\nus;\n\"(7) And for the full discharging\nof the fine we pledge under a lien\nboth general and individual, all our\nproperty present and future of\nevery kind and sort.\"\nAnd when as to all things above\nwritten the question was put to w\nby your excellency, we gave our assent to this agreement and declaration under oath on the day and in\nthe consulship above written.\nHot From the Oven\nand Emperor   eve\u2122rtIn?   Augustus,and bakery workers is now in force,\nand Emperor  .       \u2022\u2022-.-\u00bb_\u2022,-...\n\"(1) That we will complete all\npieces of work given out to us by\nany one of the employers, provided\nthe employer is prompt in paying to\nus thc wages mutually agreed upon;\n\"(2) Should the man undertaking\nthe work have any plea on which he\ndeclines it for some rejspn. of ilia own\n(\u2022either private or public, another arti-\nstarting from July 1st, 1931. The\nmaster bakers have had thirty days\nin which to adjust their shops and\nget them on an eight-hour basis. Just\nhow the masters intend to carry* out\nthis act can only be determined from\ntime to time by keeping them under\nstrict observation. There.is.nn doubt\nmany of them are trying to evade\nthis act, as was done by many of\nthorn   in   109B    i :~i-i.---   .\n<mn   r.\u2122 \"* H\"\"\"t, auotner arti-  th s  act,  as w\nriming traces unions of.that city|w\u00b0<* \u00ab*j_^\u00bb#Bffi\nin   the    year   459.    According    to  l nc.' understanding that the man *U \u00bb- ESPiS?-?* PS'   ^oday they\nThomas    E.    Burke,     International  c|ming it, whether he be the artisan\n,  . _.     . .1 who b jt Qr the man tun\nhave taken his place, is one of our-\nIf   I \".\"d*8* no reason of our own\nare evading the act by putting their\nsalesmen on a commission basis.' No\ndoubt they will try to adopt some\nmove with the bakery workers along\nsimilar lines.   So, brothers and trade\n......... .....^.i.n,       nil\"       li, ill\nspent six years before the  war  in\n        -  \u2022 i  i :rr\u00bb   \"\"   \"v *\u2122J   l\"r aucn     \t\na*uaHtv1.nj\"iW00<1,  and  you  \"\">  mLvah!\\8nd >w \"jny ^h\" thingsI Mr. Buckler was kind enoug\nfrp,hy\u00ab       \" CIcam made, from, ZILl?V,-nsidered transferring the Mr. Prey a photograph of\nfresh cream, and not made from  ^M^* tthe f*vera*e 'iti>'nd translation   This agreement was\n\u2022r-- \"\" t0 help the contractor \u201e\u201et \u201ef J carved on a slab of grayish marble\ncharge of the archaeological excavation work being done at Sardis, and\nMr. Buckler was kind enough to send\n\"-   \"    ^ - \u25a0     ' the slab\nPhiladelphia\u2014The official procedure to secure an appropriation of\n$1,000,000 of the proposed $3,000,-\n000 emergency loan to the newly-\ncreated bureau of unemployment relief in the Department of Public\nWelfare has been initiated.- The fund,\nwhich will be distributed through district offices, will be used solely for\ndirect relief and not for \"rtiadej\nwork.\".\n...........nbiuu. un me question raised by Alderman Bennett,\nand we are sure that the citizens are\ninterested in the engineers' reports,\nand, without   a . doubt,   the   people\n-\"\u25a0'\u00bb\u25a0 \u25a0\"      \u25a0  \u25a0 .     ,   .. i \u201e      -\u25a0     -this agreement th\u00bbt th.r. \u00ab... ..._-\n.....    ...    Q.ajiou    nun im\nand was uncovered in the Forum at\nSardis, Asia Minor by Mr. W. H.\nBuckler.\nThis agreement is interesting in\nmany ways; the wording of same\nproves that even away back in the\nyear '459 A.D. the problems of the\nbuilding trades unions were similar\nto ours in many ways. We note one\nparagraph which says the building\ntrades agree to carry out all that\nfollows provided the employers are\nprompt in paying to us the wages\nmutually agreed upon. This clearly\nshows that back in those early days\nthey also had their trouble in collect-\n. -~~    mini is aiso evidence in I\nthis agreement that there was some\"\n  .      -w iu our own i similar lini  \u00bb -.-\u00ab..\nstands in the way of the ..work; unionists, when buying the staff of\n\"(3) Should the man undertaking life always look for our union label\nthe work once hinder the employer in on the loaf where just and fair con-\nany way while it is, aa we said, under ditions exist.\u2014J. D. I.\nconstruction if he who either began  1  '\nit from the Wi\u2014i \u2014\" \u2022 CARLETON BRANCH I. L. P.\nThe Carleton Branch of the I. L.\nP. meets on the second Thursday of\neach month at Norquay Hall, not\nTuesday, as published in a recent\nedition of. the Labor Statesman. - \u2022\nA propaganda meeting will be held\nin the Norquay Hall, Slocan and\nKingsway, on Friday evening, July\n24th. Addresses by . prominent\nspeakers.\nOur last meeting, held Thursday,\nJuly 9th, \/waa wiall attended and\nmembership is increasing.\nHave just returned from most\nsuccessful meeting rally at Abbots-\nford.\u2014E. Lowe, Secretary, Carleton\nBranch.\n, . ..<\u25a0\u00bb. uvtiuu a ne wno either began\nI it from the beginning or shall have\n\u25a0 taken the place of any artisan is one\nof ourselves, we shall for such hindrance pay indemnities according to\nthe actual contract between the employer and artisan;\n\"Ml Should the employer show\nindulgence, if he be for seven days\nhindered from working, the work\nshall be left to the artisan undertaking it; .   ''\n\"(5) Should the artisan fall ill.\nthe employer shall wait twenty days,\nand if after such indulgence for\ntwenty days the man shall get well,\nbut show no disposition to work at\nthat time, another shall take his\nplace on the terms stipulated by us\nas the man who has declined.\n\"(6) If when the man undertaking the work' declines it some one'\nof us be found neither doing anything nor performing work in accordance with the provisions herein\nWritten    i\u00bb\u00ab KJnJ -\u2014     '\nFighting Dad ! '\n\"And there, son, you have the\nstory of your dad and the Great\nWar.\"\nS^^l^!^^a;l.,^^ta,!^'t-\"\"J\n^\n ,\n\u2022\u25a0 ' *. 'V-\n.1\n1 \u2022'.\nr-           ' *'\u2022'\n<\n>'.''.  .--\n1 ' \u25a0'\nf   \u2022\n*\nPage Six\nTHE   LABOR   STATESMAN\nFriday, July 17th, 1931\n\"BUILD  B. C.  PAYROLLS''\nWhat\nIs Its\nSecret?\nA MILK expert has gone so\nfar as to say he' has found\nnone equal to Pacific Milk.\nWhat can the secret be? The\nmilk creating conditions of\nFraser Valley, the herd, the\npacking. The packing is highly\nimportant.\nPacific Milk\nFactory at Abbot.ford, B.C.\n- t<B) Bet een t.-British - Coinm bia~\nOwned and Controlled\na\t\nDodson Hotel\n\"A  COOL  PARLOR\"\n23 Haatinga Street East\nB. Wishart - Props. - W, Stirling-\n(Late of Central Hotel)\nYe Olde English Fish and Chips\nALL Vt'tfiTB BBLP!\nPhon. Sey. 7524\u2014Your Order Will\nBe Beady!\n614 ROBSON ST.    THEO. TITUS, Prop.\nAbsolutely Pure!\nA British Columbia Product\nDefective Vision\nat all kinds\nCorrected\nOlassss Supplied at\na cost to rait all!\nPhon. S.y. 1744 for\nappointment\nJ. F. HIGGINBOTHAM, R.O.\nEy.\u00abig-ht Socialist\n535  WEST  OEOROIA STREET\nThe Week At Ottawa\nEmployers of Union Labor\nBy ANGUS MaclNNIS, M.p.\n\"%>\nJobless Increasing;\ni Work Rationing Urged\nWashington. \u2014 The number of\nworkers without jobs in increasing,\naccording to the unemployment report by the American Federation of\nLabor. It is estimated that the unemployed now number over 5,300,-\n000.\nThe report regrets that employers\n\u2022are hot applying more generally the\npolicy of rationing work. \"The\nemployer who lays off his men and\nallows them to depend on relief from\ncharity and become a public charge\nis shirking his responsibility,\" the report states. \"Se is adding to business depression.\"\nThe report estimates' that the com-\n.bined buying power loss of the workers from total unemployment, part-\ntime employment and wage cuts\nduring the first half of 1931 is\n$5,000,000,000 less than in the aame\nperiod in 1929. It is stated that thia\nloss in buying power has reduced\nthe trade of retail merchants 16 per\ncent, below the 1929 volume and has\ncaused ^nany business failures.\n\"In the half-year ahead we face\nanother similar loss in workers' incomes,\" the report predicts. \"But\nif layoffs are avoided and workers\ngiven part-time employment when\n- full work is not possible, some of this\nloss can be prevented. By following\nthis policy employers can lessen\nhuman suffering and help to maintain\nworkers' buying.\"\nMany a proud father who thinks\nhis children are worth a million dol-\n' lars apiece accepts with considerable\nequanimity the deduction of $400\neach that the benevolent government\nallows for them on the income tax\nsheet about this time of year.\nThe hot weather of the last week\nhad no perceptible effect in lessening\nthe flow of words that during each\nday of the session gushes forth from\nthe springs of confusion on Parliament Hill. It has been said by somebody that language was givento man\nto conceal his thoughts. Whether\nthere was any special prearrange-\nment to that effect I am not in a\nposition to say, but from observation\n1 am free to say that it invariably\nserves that purpose, though on occasion somewhat clumsily, and perhaps never sufficiently deceives the\n\"sophisticated.\nThe particular reason for conflict\nof opinion this week was the government's bill for the appointment of a\nTariff Board. It will be remembered\nthat prior_to_tHe; ejections..last,year,\nCanaaa had a TariffBoardwhich, had\nbeen created by the King administra-\u00bb\ntion. One of the first acts of the\npresent .government was to dismuss\nthe Board, and the'present bill is to\ncreate a new Board to which the\ngovernment can make the appointments. This government is a high\nprotection government, as Tory governments have always been, at least\nin theory. It is, therefore, safe to\npresume that the appointments to\nthe Board will be persons holding\nsimilar views. This being the case,\nimpartial decisions on the evidence\nis hardly to be expected from prejudiced judges.*\nThe position taken -by the Liberal\nopposition, as embodied in their\namendment to the bill, is that the\nboard entrusted with the duties of\nexamining and reporting on matters\npertaining to tariff and taxation\nshould be such as would at all times\nhave the confidence of the government of the day, unless such board\nwere appointed on the recommendation \"i independent agencies, and\nshould hold office during pleasure.\nThe bill provides that the members\nof the board should be appointed for\na term of ten years, removable only\nfor cause. The opposition made a\ndead set against this, which was possibly their main objection to the bill.\nThey took the ground that in . an\nappointment of this kind the government had no right to go beyond the\nlife of any one parliament. Although\nthere was a great deal of debating\non the merits or otherwise of the\nbill, it is hard to find that there is\nany fundamental difference between\nthe government and the official opposition.\n.We might save ourselves from a\ngreat deal of confusion if we would\nonly inform ourselves of the class\nnature of human society, and realize\nthat at least ninety-nine per cent, of\nthe political discord and economic\nchaos which we find about us is not\ndue to any inherent meanness in\nhuman nature. There is at all times\na struggle going on between the two\nclasses which compose society as to\nwhich will control, or appropriate,\nthe largest share of the products of\nlabor. This, as far as it refers to\ncontrol, may not be altogether correct as the working class have never\ninterested themselves particularly in\nthe question ef control, although\nthey have in various ways tried to\nincrease their share of the product of\ntheir toft. They have been satisfied\nin the past in looking for a master;\nsomeone to whom they could sell\ntheir ability to produce. The terms\nand conditions under which they\nwork have always been largely dictated by the owner of the job.\nManufacturers and producers who\nseek the protection of an import\ntariff do so because they feel that a\nduty on foreign goods will lessen\ncompetition. Less competition means\nless of the particular commodity concerned on the market. ,lt also means\nthat the fewer'the organizations or\nindividuals competing, the easier it is\nto control the market. Control confers power to raise the price, which is\nthe aim of everyone who has something to sell. Tariffs as now manipulated are the essence of special privileges.\nThe Liberal amendment laid down\nthat the \"Board unless appointed\nupon the recommendation of independent agencies .... should hold\noffice only during pleasure,\" which\nprompted Mr. Cahan to ask: \"Where\nin this country do those so-called independent agencies representing different views or interests exist?\"'\nThen we find the Hon. Ernest Lapointe, for Minister of Justice, putting the case in these words: \"The\ntariff, whatever may be said to the\n| contrary, cannot be taken out of\npolitics. It will always affect certain interests and certain particular\n. classes in the country.\" Thia, it seems\nto me, pqts the case clearly. \"Tariffs\naffect certain interests.\" Yet politicians will, with the most plausible\narguments, attempt to represent\nthose interests that will, benefit by\nthe imposition of tariffs and those\ninterests that are adversely affected\nby tariffs.       , . \u2022\nIf the working class only understood what in essence is a political\nparty they would be saved a great\ndeal of confusion. They would cease\nto .wonder why pre-election promises\nate' 'so soon forgotten. A political\nparty is the collective expression of\nan economic interest. When a political party emerges as the victor in\naft election, all it means is that that\neconomic interest of which it is the\npolitical expression will'be the ,(lonl-\njnatiagJnflue^^e\u00ab--^n--the--gover7l^re^t\nduring its term of office. Through\nits elective representatives it will see\nto it that its interests are protected\nand advanced. The issue between\ndifferent economic groups was not\nalways determined by the marking of\nballots. And the superficial though\nirritating wounds from the verbal\nmud-slinging of an opponent were not\nthe only wounds inflicted before the\nissue was decided. Edward Jenks,\nin his History of Politics, points out\nthat the very phrases we use in our\nelection campaigns are ample proof\nof the war-like nature of the clash\nof economic interests in the past'.   ,\nThe speakers for the government\ncontended that they were elected as\na high tariff party, that the tariff\nwas the election issue, that they have\na mandate from the people to increase the tariff to protect Canadian\nindustry; all of which is only partly\ntrue. The tariff was not the main\nissue in the election. The chief election cry was unemployment. The\ntariff was only secondary. The present government received a mandate,\nif they received a mandate at all, to\nend unemployment. How well they\nhave discharged that mandate is\ndemonstrated by the ever-increasing\nnumbers of unemployed since they\ntook office. I doubt very much if\nthey would feel so very safe in appealing to the people today on the\nsame issue.\nTariffs are resorted to by nations\nas a means of restoring economic\nhealth for the same reason that a\nsick person who does not understand\nthe laws of health goes from one\nnostrum to another. He goes from\nthe \"regular\" quack to the \"irregular\" quack for something that can\nonly be had by living it. When we\nunderstand that unemployment and\nour other economic ills arise, from the\nprofit system, we may have sense\nenough to put an end to it. Our present system of production produces\nunemployment as surely as it 'produces profit, and the greater the\nprofits the greater the unemployment.\nMr. Raymond, one of the Montreal members, made a very interesting speech on the budget debate on\nJune 15th. He spoke in French, and\nthe translation did not appear until\na week later or I might have commented on it sooner, , - ,\nOne of the industries that received\nconsiderable increased protection at\nthe special session last year was the\ntextile industry. Mr. Raymond gave\na short history of one concern in\nQuebec, the Dominion Textile Company, possibly the largest concern of\nits kind in Canada. The company\nwas organized in 1905. Its preferred stock has always paid: a regular dividend of seven per cent. It\nhas issued to the original stockholders\n50,000 common shares at ten dollars'\nper share; that is $500,000. The first\nyear after these shares were issued\nthey paid a dividend of 60 per cent.\nThe dividend was increased from year\nto year up to 1922, when they paid\n120 per cent. To the Mathers Commission of 1919 the general manager\nof the company admitted that in 1918\nthe company made a dividend of 291\nper cent. In 1922 there was another\nissue of shares to hide the profits.\nBut, the profits still mounting, a new\ncompany was formed in that year,\ncarrying the same name as the old\none. Yet, from 1924 \\o the present\ntime, the company has paid to its\nshareholders dividends at the rate of\n150 per cent. Besides this, the balance sheet of the company, March\n31st, 1930, shows that the original\ninevtment of $500,000 has increased\nin value to about $12,000,000, and\nthat, in addition to the dividends\ndistributed to the shareholders, there\nhas accumulated profits not. yet dis-\n1\" \u2022 ttd amountlfig to $7,490,000.\nThis is one of the struggling industries which Bennett is going to help\n\"or perish in the attempt.\"\nHAZELWOOD ICE CREAM\nTHE ONLY 100 FERMENT. UNION ICE CREAM IX THE CITY!\nPHONE: SEYMOUR 9090\nHazelwood Creamery, Limited\n\"Only Union Pish and Chips in Rritish Colombia\"   ,\nYe Olde English Fish & Chips\nBelieving- on. remedy for unemployment la tb* shorter work week, all\nonr fiila are now working- flv. days par week, without\nreduction ot trtsgeu.\n44 HASTINOS  WEST 3 Doors W.St Of ~aataf\u00abs\"\n\u2014*-VANCOUVER'S LEADING UNION HOUSE !\nThe New Orpheum Cafe\n\\.   \"Private Banquet Hall\n762 GRANVILLE STREET .\nProp.: Jas. P. Dwyer\nPHONE: SEY^Mdj^\nDemand\nVAN BROS.'\nPURE  APPLE   CIDER\nLIONS GINGER ALE or ORANGE KIST   \/\nTHE ONLY UNION SOFT DRINK FIRM IN VANCOUVER!\nPHONE: HIGH. 90 105S VERNON DRIVE\nThe  oldest,  smoothest,\nfinest   Rye   Whisky\non the shelves.\nV\nB.C. 11 YEAR OLD\nDOUBLE DISTILLED RYE\n$3.50\n'Rep. Quart\nEvery drop 11 years\nold\u2014age, Government\nguaranteed.\nFor mJ\u00ab at Vcn.lore, or direct from the Liquor CoatroJ Board Mail\nOrder Deportment, Victoria, B. C\n10-B\nThis advertisement is not published or displayed by the Liquor\nControl Board or by the Government of British Columbia.\nBut how fares the increased employment that was to take place from\nthe increase in thfe tariff?\nMr. Raymond continued: \"To help\nout the high tariff party in the last\nelections! The Montreal Cotton Mills\nat Valley field. Quebec, closed their\nmills for eight days in July to show\nthat they could not carry on against\nforeign competition. The Tory party\nwas elected. They gave the increased\nprotection. This protection was to\nincreased employment. Let us see\nhow~well.it has succeeded.\nMr. Raymond said:. \"The worker\nemployed at the Montreal Cotton\nMills at Valleyfield receives less\nwages and works two or three times\nUnemployment Puzzle\nharder than previous to the increase,. -Wa\u00bbhlhgton.^lubili~Uo\"n of em-\nin tariff. Moreover, machinery has\nreplaced hand labor, and while production is greater, less hands are employed. Young girls, who in the\nspring of 1930 operated three warpers .. . were paid $30 every fortnight; now they operate six warpers\nand are paid less than $22 tor the\nsame time. They work twice as hard,\ntire out sooner, and earn 30 per cent,\nless in wages. Where two employees\nwere earning, now there is only one.\nIn the card room' 18 men operated\n324 machines, that is 18 machines\neach. Today eight men do the work\nof the 18 men and receive leas\nwages.\" \u2022 .\nWeavers: One worker operated\nfour looms and was paid $40 every\nfortnight; now operates six looms\nand is paid from $22 to $25 every\nfortnight\u201440 per cent. less. Another who operated 12 looms at\nwages of $40 to $45 every fortnight,\nnow operates 32, and is paid but $25\nand earns but $30 every fortnight.\nThis is the general trend all over\nthis Dominion, and it is well that\nevery thinking 'person should pause\nand ask himself the question, how\nlong; with machinery displacing\nlabor, with the increasing of hours\nof labor, with the speeding up of\nlabor, with the reduction of wages,\nwill it take to find employment for\neveryone who is willing to work, as\nMr. Bennett promised just a year\nago?\nBusiness Men Study\nployment figures prominently in the\nprogram for the coming year drawn\nup by the board of directors of the\nUnited States Chamber of Commerce,\ndeclared Silas H. Strawn, president\nof chamber.\n\"American business has a vital interest in the stability of employment\nand in the possibilities of minimizing the disturbing effects of seasonal\ncyclical fluctuations,\" Strawn said.\n\"Employment regularization experiments have demonstrated unmistakably that the management of\nevery type of business enterprise\ncan exert some measure of control\nover the economic forces which produce intermittent employment.\n\"The special cdmmittee 'of the\nchamber now giving attention to this\nsubject is exploring the possibilities,\nof supplementing individual efforts at\nstabilization with a wider co-operative   trade   association   effort    Un-\nevery fortnight.   That is 50 per cent doubtedly, present successful Individ\nless. Other reductions of wages in\nthe same, plant\u2014and this is typical\nof what Has happened and is happening all over Canada: Workers earning $40 per fortnight now earn $16,\na cut of 60 per cent, and operate\nmore machines. Workers earning $4\nper day in 1980, cut to $2. Others\nwho earned $40 to $45, straight time\nonly, jiow receive $28, which includes overtime And the last he\nquoted was a worker operating 12\nlooms during 80 hours received from\n$32 to $34 every fortnight, now\noperates 24 looms, works 110 hours\nual methods can be applied on a\nmuch wider scale and with greater\neffect by whole industries.\"\nA ruckus had  developed  between\nrival sewer construction  bosses, and,\nharsh words were flying.\n.   The First Boss (bellowing): That  i\nthere ladder belongs to our gang, I j\ntell you} \u2014 -\u2014\u2014r\u2014\u25a0\u2014\u2014*\u2014. \u20141\nThe Second Boss (yelling): The\neternal hades it does! ' One of my\nmen stole that ladder from the telephone company with his own hands!\n a-\u2014\n-.''-... ' \u2666\n.\u2022.,.:-:;\u25a0' *:'v\"'\u00abV:'.\u25a0\"\u25a0>;\u25a0\u25a0 .; _\nFriday, July 17th, 1931   '\n\u00a5kE   LABOR'STApSUAW\"\nPage Seven\nUnion Bakeries\nThe London Balcerv\n;   Gold Wheat Bread\nFairmont 122.    439 7th A\u00bb.   F.\nWh.n Better Cakes and Fa.trla.\nars Made, W.T1 Hak. 1ml\nGolden Rule Bakery\nCO.. LTD.\nTWO ADDRESSES:   .,,'\n957 Granville St.    \u2022    Sey. 8656\n620 Robson St.     -     Sey. 2641\nDelicious Bakery\nUnion-made Braad and Pa.try.\nAsk for it at your local store\nor PHONE HIGHLAND 706\nand have our salesman deliver ljt\nClassified Ads,\nBARRISTERS AND SOLICITORS\nWaUis \u2014. L.f.anx, 402 Metropolitan\nBuilding.   Phon. S.y. 68B7.\nHastings Stun Rata*\nFrio. 38e Only\n766 Ha.tings Str..t Ratt.    '\u25a0'  ~\nDENTISTS\nA. Rutl.dg., 108 Hastings Wilt\nNOTARY PUBLIC\nP. B. B.ngough       Labor H.adquart.rs.\nDr. W.\nLabor Stat..man, Labor H.adqnart.r..\nRUPTURE  SPECIALIST\nO. a. Menta     ,\u25a0'\u25a0 __*la \u00bb>oo\u00bbon.\nAfrican Natives Send\nAid to America's Jobless\nNews of the miserable plight of\njobless millions in the United States\nreacts differently upon different\npeople. It moves the. president every\nother week or so to tell these hungry\nworkers and their dependents that\nthey must not look to their government for help. It turns our wealthy\nbusiness men and bankers to brooding over the possibility of revolution and to making bewildering and\nmisleading promises of prosperity\nabout to revive. In Africa the news\nhas inspired a small group of natives, themselves immersed in poverty, to offer out of their meager\nresources the sum of $3.77 to help\nthe \"starving in America,\" about\nwhom they had been reading in the\nnewspapers. \"As actual money this\nsum is small,\" wrote Dr. Albert ,1.\nGood, missionary in Cameroon,\nAfrica, to the Board of Foreign Missions, of the Presbyterian Church,\n\"but as you well know the conditions\nout here and what such a sum of\nmoney means here, the gift is really\nlarge.\" This ought to melt a heart\neven of Hooverian hardness, but it\nprobably won't. The day after it\npublished this African contribution,\nthe New. York Times, through, its\nWashington correspondent, described\nMr. Hoover as being \"in a very pleasant state of mind over the economic\noutlook.\" He was said to be particularly pleased with \"a report covering the whole country which - indicated that not a' single bread line\nwas now being maintained.\" So the\nsituation k not nearly so bad as the\nfacts available had led us, and the\nnatives of Cameroon, to believe. Perhaps we had better suggest to the\nBoard of Foreign Missions that it\nreturn the $3.77 to the donors, who\nwere guileless enough to believe\u2014\nlike most Americans\u2014that upwards\nof six million people in this country\nare unemployed.\u2014The Nation.\n\"The Ragged-Trousered\nPhilanthropists\"\nCivic Employees of\nFrisco Get 5-Day Week\nSan Francisco.\u2014Organized labor's\ncampaign for a five-day week for\nthis city's day-wage workers ended\nin victory when an ordinance passed\nby the Board of Supervisors on June\n22nd, without a dissenting vote, became effective in all municipal departments.\n\u25a0 \"It is up to the city to set a good\nexample to private employers,\" members of the board agreed.\n.   Will   Pay   Double-Time\nIn addition to New Year, Memorial\nDay, July 4th, Admission Day, Labor\nDay, Thanksgiving and Christmas,\nall Saturdays and Sundays are now\ndeclared to be legal holidays and\ndouble-time will be paid to any employee required to work on any of\nthose days. Double-time will also\nbe paid for all work in excess of\nthe regular eight-hour day.\nCHAPTER XXV.\nThe End\nWhile painting the conservatory in\nSweater's house in bitterly cold\nweather Owen caught such a severe\nchill that he was obliged to take his\novercoat out of pawn. . Although he\nhad been luckier than most of his\nmates in getting odd jobs at Rush-\nton's, he had never been able to save\nany money. All through the summer most of his wages had gone to\npay off arrears of rent and other\ndebts, and now,that the winter was\nupon them and work was very scarce\nhis Saturday pay amounted to half\na sovereign, seven-and-six, five shillings, or even less.\nOne morning he did not get to the\nyard till ten o'clock and felt so ill\nthafhe would not have gone at all\nif they had not been.in sore need of\nall the money he could earn. The\nleast exertion brought on a violent\nfiFbf -rsoughrngvirndTtwaabnry-by- aw\nalmost superhuman effort of will that\nhe managed to get through the work.\nWhen he arrived at the yard he\nfound Bert White cleaning out the\ndirty pots in the paint shop. The\nnoise he made With._.ihjL._scraping.\nknife prevented him hearing Owen's\napproach, and the latter stood watching him for some minutes before\nspeaking. The stone .floor of the\npaint shop was damp and slimy and\nthe whole place as chilly as a tomb.\nThe boy was trembling with cold,\nand he looked pitifully undersized\nand frail as he bent over his work\nwith an old apron girt about him.\nAlthough it was so cold he had turned back the sleeves of his jacket to\nkeep them clean, or to' prevent them\ngetting any .dirtier, for, like the rest\nof his attire, they were thickly encrusted- with dried paint of many\ncolors.\nHe was wearing a man's coat and\na pair of skimpy boy's trousers, and\nhis thin legs appearing under the big\njacket gave him a grotesque appearance. There were smears of paint\non his face,-and his hands and fingernails were grimed with it. But most\npitiful of all were his dreadful hobnailed boots, the uppers of which\nwere an eighth of an inch thick and\nvery stiff. Across the front of the\nboot the leather had warped into\nridges and valleys which chafed his\nchilblained feet and made them bleed.\nThe soles were five-eighths of an inch\nthick, hard and inflexible, and almost\nas heavy as iron, and studded with\nhob-nails. \u2022\nAs he watched the poor boy bending over his task Owen thought of\nFrankie, and with a feeling akin to\nterror wondered whether he would\never be in a similar plight.\nWhen Bert saw Owen he left off,\nworking and wished him good morning, remarking that it was very cold.\n\"Why don t you light a fire?\nThere's lots of wood lying about the\nyard,\" said Owen.\n\"No,\" replied Bert, shaking his\nhead. \"That would never do! Misery wouldn't 'arf ramp if 'e caught\nme at it. I used to 'ave a fire 'ere\nlast winter till Rushton found out,\nand 'e kicked up an orful row and\ntold me to move meself and get some\nwork done and then I wouldn't feel\nthe cold.\"\n\"Oh, he said that, did he?*.' said\nOwen, his pale face becoming suddenly suffused with, blood. \"We'll\nsee about that.\"   -\u2022\nHe went out into the yard and,\ncrossing over to where, under a shed,\nthere was a great heap of waste\nwood, stuff that had been taken out\nof places where Rushton and Company had made alterations, he gathered an armful of it and was returning to the paintshop when Sawkins,\nwho was clearing the place up, accosted hinu-\n\"You musn't go burnin' any of\nthat, you know! That's all got to be\nsaved and took up to the bloke's\nhouse. Misery spoke about it only\nthis mornin'.\"\nOwen did not answer. He carried\nthe wood into the shop, and, after\nthrowing it into, the fireplace, he\npoured some old paint over it and,\napplying a match, produced a roaring\nfire. Then he brought in several\nmore armfuls of wood and piled them\nin a corner of the shop. Bert took\nno part in these proceedings, and at\nfirst rather disapproved of them because he was afraid there would be\ntrouble when Misery, came, but when\nthe fire was an accomplished fact he\nwarmed his hands and shifted his\nwork to the other side of the bench\nso as to get the benefit of the heat.\nOwen waited for about half an\nhour to see if Hunter would return,\nbut, as he did not appear, he decided\nnot to wait any longer. Before, leaving he gave Bert some instructions:\n. \"Keep up the (ire with all the old\npaint that you can scrape-off those\nthings and any other old paint or\nrubbish that's here, and whenever it\ngrows dull put more wood on.\nThere's a lot of stuff here that's of\nno use except to be thrown away\nor burned^ ijurn it all. If Hunter\njays anything, tell him that t lit the\nfire and that I told you to keep it\nburning. If you want more wood\ngo out and take it.\"\n\"All right,\" replied Bert.\nOn. his way out Owen spoke to\nSawkins.- His manner was so mena\ncing, his face so pale, and there was\nsuch a strange glare in .his eyes that\nthe latter thought of the talk there\nhad often been about Owen being\nmad, and felt half afraid of him.\n\"I ani going to the office to see\nRushton. If Hunterromes here you\nsay I told you to tell him that if 1\nfind the boy in that shop again without a fire I'll report it to the Society\n-for the-Preventionof Crtielty-trrChH-\ndren. And as for you, if the boy\ncomes out 'here to get more wood,\ndon't you attempt to interfere with\nhim.\"\n\"I don't want to interfere with\nthe br\u2014\u2014y kid,\" grunted Sawkins.\n\"It seems to me-as if he's gorn off\n'is b\u2014\u2014y crumpet,\" he added, as he\nwatched Owen walking rapidly down\nthe street. \"I can't undestand why\npeople can't mind their own business.\nAnyone would think the boy belonged\nto  'im.\" ,     .\nThat was just how the matter presented itself to Owen. The idea that\nit was his own child who was to be\ntreated in this way possessed and infuriated him as he strode savagely\nalong.\nAs he drew near to his destination\nlarge flakes of snow began to fall.\nHe walked so rapidly and was in such\na fury that by the time he reached\nthe shop he was scarcely able to\nspeak.\n\"Is\u2014Hunter\u2014or Rushton\u2014here?\"\nhe demanded of the shopman.\n\"Hunter isn't, but the guvner is.\nWhat was it you wanted.\"\n\"He'll soon\u2014know\u2014that,\"\"panted\nOwen as he strode up to, the office\ndoor, and, without troubling to\nknock, flung it violently open and\nentered.\nThe atmosphere of this place was\nvery different from that of the damp\ncellar where Bert was working. Ah\nasbestos gas fire threw out a genial\nwarmth, and the air was fragrant\nwith the cigar that Rushton was\nsmoking, as he looked through his\nletters.\nOwen stood panting arid quivering in the middle of the office and\npointed a trembling finger at his employer:\nI've\u2014come here\u2014to tell\u2014you\u2014\nthat\u2014if ,T find young\u2014Bert White\n\u2014working\u2014down in that shop\u2014\nwithout\u2014a fire\u2014I'll have you\u2014\nprosecuted. The~place is not good\nenough for a stable\u2014if you owned\na valuable dog\u2014you wouldn't keep\nit there\u2014 I give you fair warning\n.\u2014-I know\u2014enough\u2014about you\u2014to\nput you\u2014where you deserve to be\u2014\nif you don't treat him better\u2014I'll\nshow you up.\"\nRushton continued to stare at him\nin mingled confusion, fear and perplexity. He did not yet comprehend\nexactly what it was all about. The\nfact that he was guiltily conscious\nof haying done so many things which\nhe might be shown up or prosecuted\nfor if they were known helped to\nreduce him to a condition approaching terror.\n\"If the boy has been there without a fire I haven't known anything\nabout it,\" he stammered at last. \"Mr.\n'Unter has charge of all those matters.\"\n\"You\u2014yourself\u2014forbade him\u2014to\nmake a fire last winter\u2014and anyhow\n\u2014you know about it now\u2014 You obtained money from his mother under\nthe pretence\u2014that you were- going\nto teach him a trade\u2014but for the\nlast twelve months\u2014you have been\nusing him\u2014as if he were\u2014a beast\nof burden. I advise you to see to it\n\u2014or I shall\u2014find\u2014means\u2014to make\nyou.\"\nWith this Owen turned and went\nout, leaving the door open and Rush-\nton in a state of mind compounded\nof fear, amazement and anger.\nAs he walked homeward through\nthe snowstorm Owen realized that\nRushton would not give him fmy\nmore work after this, and as he reflected, on all it would mean to those\nat home .for a moment he doubted\nwhether he had done right. But\nwhen he told Nora what had happened she said cheerfully that whatever the consequences might be, she\nwas glad that he had acted as he did.\n\"We'll get through somehow, I\nsuppose,\" said Owen, wearily.\n\"There's not much chance of getting\niillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll!\u00a3\nI    Fraser Wet Wash Laundry    J -^\n\u00a7 PHONE: FAIRMONT 1613 =\n=   NO. 1 SERVICE WET WASH-! 12 lbs. for 68c    I\n=   NO. 2 WITH FLAT PIECES IRONED..;..,.... 12 lb., for 75c   I.\n^tlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHIIIHIIIIIIIItllllllllllllMllllllillMlllllR ,_ ,. ^\t\n(; 1 o I>o Painters & Decorators\nPhons High. 397\nALPRED  WHITEHEAD\nDesigns anil suggestions, for\nall typeVof decorative work\ncheerfully   submitted.\n468 HASTINOS ST. EAST.\nPhone \"Tomorrow\" For Your Ice \"Today\"\nSee  our  complete   line   of   high-grade   refrigerators.\nLow Prices\u2014Easy Terms\nMORROW COAL& ICE CO., LTD.\n1035  Main St.\n\u25a0\u20227. 8030\na job anywhere else, just now, but\nI shall try to get some work on my\nown account. I shall do some\nsamples of showcards the same as\ni did-last ^winterr and ~hop\u00abrto-get\norders from some of the shops. But\nI'm afraid it's rather too late; most\nof them have already gotj all they\nwant.\"\nAbout' the middle of December\nthere was a heavy fall of snow, fol\nlowed by a hard frost lasting several\ndays, and as time went on the long-\ncontinued privation began to tell\nupon Owen and his family.' Owen's\ncough grew worse, his eyes became\ndeeply sunken and of remarkable\nbrilliancy, anil his thin face was\nalways either deathly pale or dyed\nwith a crimson flush. ,. -\u00bb\u25a0\nAlternately dejected and maddened\nby the knowledge of his own helplessness he went about the town trying to And some other work, with but\nscant success. He did samples of\nshowcards and window tickets and\nendeavored to get orders by canvassing the shops in the town, but this\nwas also a failure, for these people\ngenerally had a ticket writer . to\nwhom they gave their work, and,\nwhen he did get a few trifling orders,\nthey were scarcely worth doing at the\nprice.\nHe used to feel like a criminal\nevery time he entered a shop to ask\nfor the work, because he realized\nthat, in effect, he was saying to\nthem: \"Take your work away from\nthe other man and employ me.\" He\nwas so conscious of this that'it gave\nhim a shamefaced manner, which,\ncoupled as it was with his shabby\nclothing, did not usually create a\nvery favorable impression on the\nshopkeepers, who usually treated\nhim with about as much courtesy as\nthey would have extended to any\nother sort of beggar. Generally!,\nafter a day's canvassing, he returned\nhome unsuccessful and faint with\nhunger and fatigue.\nOne night, when a bitterly cold\ncast wind was blowing, after \"he had\nbeen out on one of these canvassing\nexpeditions, his chest became so bad\nthat he found it almost impossible\nto speak, because the effort to do so\noften brought on a violent fit of\ncoughing. A firm of drapers, for\nwhom he had done some showcards,\nsent him an order for ont which\nthey wanted in a hurry and which\nmust be delivered the next morning,\nso he stayed by himself tiU nearly\nmidnight to do it.' As he worked he\nfelt a strange sensation in His chest:\nit was not exactly a pain, and he\nwould have found it difficult to describe it in words. 1\nHe did not attach much importance\nto the symptom, thinking! it was\ncaused by the cold he had tajken, but\nhe could hot help feeling qonscious\nof the strange sensation all the time.\nFrankie had been put to bed that\nevening at the customary hour, but\ndid not seem to be sleeping as well\nas usual. Owen could hear him twisting and turning about and uttering\nlittle cries in his sleep. He left his\nwork several times to go into the\nboy's room and cover him with thl\nbedclothes, which his restless movements had disordered. As the time\nwore on the child became more tranquil, \u00abnd about eleven o'clock, when\nOwen went  in  to  look at  him,  he\nfound him in a deep sleep, lying on\nhis side with his head thrown back\non the pillow, breathing so softly\nthrough his slightly parted lips that\ntheTOffnd was almost ImpeTceptib'\nThe fair hair that clustered round\nhis forehead was damp wjth perspiration, and he was so still and pale\nand silent that one might have\nthought he was sleeping the- sleep\nthat knows no awakening.\nAbout an hour later, when he had\nfinished writing the showcard, Owen\nwent out into the scullery to wash\nhis hands before going to bed; and\nwhile he was drying them on the\ntowel the strange sensation he had\nbeen conscious of all the evening became more intense, and a few seconds afterward he was terrified to\nfind his mouth suddenly filled with\nblood.\nFor what seemed an eternity he\nfought for breath against the suffocating torrent, and when at length\nit stopped* he sank trembling into a\nchair by the side of table, holding\nthe towel to his mouth and scarcely\ndaring to breathe, while a cold sweat\nstreamed from every pore and gathered in large drops upon his forehead.\nThrough the deathlike silence of\nthe night there came from time to\ntime the chimes of . the clock of a\ndistant church, but he continued to\nsit there motionless, taking no heed\nof the passing hours, and possessed\nwith an awful terror.\nSo this was the beginning of the\nend! And afterwards the other two\nwould be left by themselves at the\nmercy of the world. In a few years'\ntime the boy would be like Bert\nWhite, in the clutches of some psalm-\nsinging devil like Hunter or Rushton,\nwho would use him as if he were a\nbeast of burden, to be worked,\ndriven, and bullied. His boyhood\nwould be passed in carrying toads,\ndragging cart's, and running here and.\nthere, trying his best to satisfy the\nbrutal tyrants whose only thought\nwould be to get profit out of him\nfor themselves. As the vision of the\nfuture rose before him Owen resolved that it should never be. He\nwould not leave his wife and child\nalone and defenceless in the midst\nof the \"Christian\" wolves who were\nwaiting to rend them as soon as he\nwas gone. If he could not give them\nhappiness, he Could at least put them\nout of the reach of further suffering.\nIf he could not stay and protect\nthem, it would be kinder and more\nmerciful to take them with him.\n,       (THE END)\n\"UNDESERVING\" JOBLESS\nBARRED  FROM   RELIEF\nPhiladelphia.\u2014Competent investigators at salaries of from $100 to\n$125 a month will be required to administer Philadelphia's $3,000,000\nunemployment relief fund, according\nto H. G. Lloyd, director of the newly created bureau of unemployment\nrelief which will handle the fund. Mr.\nLloyd, who is a member Of the banking house of Drexel & Co., is giving\nhis services as administrator for $1\na year. He does not intend that undeserving out-of-works shall receive ,\nany help, and it will be the business\nof the invCTtigatorg to apply expert\nknowledge to each case.\n Page Eight      j\nTHE   LABOR   STATESMAN\nFriday, July 17th_l?31\nDICK'S JULY SALE!\nOIOANTIC CLEABANCE OP ALL\nSUMMXB QOODS.\nDRASTIC   PBICE   BEDTJCTI0N8\nTO BFPBCT QUICK RESPONSE.\n.SUMMER SUITS\nLight all-wool  fabrics;  values to\nJ40.00  \u201e.._ \u2014, *a*M\nCither Suits as low as S15.00.\nMEN'S  FURNISHINGS\nBathing Suits at Less than Cost I\nHtrawMats ...Ona-thlrd OB\nSummer Underwear at bedrock\n-,  .        prlfces!\nBOYS' DEPARTMENT\ni   (Third Floor)\nTrje greatest clean-up sale in the\nhistory of Vancouver.*\"\nMerchandise of Quality at\nPa*tory Cost I\nYour Money's Wortl\nLimited]\nlon.y's Worth or Yonr\nMonay Back\nHASTINGS at HOMES\n^Printing\nQUALITY. SPEED\nAND SERVICE\ndone in a Union Shop, tend\nyour printing to\nA. H. Timms\n236 14th Ave. E., Vancouver\nFair. 205      \u00ab\u00bb    Fair. 1372\nW*    Import   All   Onr   Wooll.n.\nDlr.ctl    Vo Two Snlts Allk.i\nHartle Bros.. Ltd.\nTAILORS\nTHE HIGHEST GRADE OP\nCLOTHING MADE.\nA   Special   Department   for   Uniforms aa Supplied to th. City and\n       at. 0. Electric.\n883 SEYMOVB ST., VANCOUVEB\n(Opposite Hudson's Bay)\nPHONE: SEY. 1790\nUnion Label on Request\nH. F. STORRY & CO.\nTAILORS\nStyle, Fit and Workmanship Guaranteed\nA. B. OATBNBY, Assoclat.\nSeymour 1383 653 Granville St.\n(Upstairs)\nNOTICE I\nArt's Dairy Lunch\nMow under n.vr manag.m.nt\nHome Cooking our Speciafryl\n448   ABBOT*   BT.,   VANCOUVBB\n(Next to Lotus Hotel)\nVancouver Tamale Parlor\n818 BOBSON,   w-Block  off OraavUl.\nTamal..,   Enchilada.,   Spaghetti,\nNoodl.s\nTHE \"FOG'' OF THE CAPITAL\n, (With apologies to Brace;\nHutchison)\nBy HARRY\nWe hear of Telford's radio, ban,\nand then we read of a denial, with\nan , additional buck passing 'from\nothers. Wc listen breathlessly to an\nannouncement that a Walkathon\nwedding is taboo, and then a guy by\nthe name of Clem Davis tells us that\nwe were misinformed, but still we\nretain our equilbrium, and the odds\nare that we will hold this pose when\nothers of far mature experience have\nmet their Waterloo in the election\nfield, where promises are.made but\nseldom kept. Whilst our platform\nembraces the political organizatfon\nof all workers for the express purpose of securing, by constitutional\nmeans, control of the government of\nthe. country, and adhering to the\npolicy of socialization of industry,\nwe find ourselves and the policy of\nnationalization . receiving endorsement from many sources. Our increasing membership, and newly-\nformed locals organizing all over the\nprovince adds to the amazement and\ndiscomfort of the- political -specialists\nwho- tour the province in vain endeavor to bolster up the system that\npermits of exploitation, uri'erriploy-\nment, relief at 30c per day.jtaxes on\nwager, 'whfTslrthe' \"Increased necessity\nfor social legislation to protect the\nworkers standard of living remains\nunattended to.\nA bill to prevent the wage slashing\nthat has been going on for several\nmonths, along with enforcement of\nhours of labor, of eight or less; coupled' with unemployment insurance,\nwould have saved much suffering; not\nthat it is agreed that the ills of unemployment would have been cured,\nbut a measure of safeguard would\nhave been established, and conditions\ntoday would be far less serious.\nNew potatoes can be\" 'obtained\nfrom the producer at $12.00 per ton,\nwhilst in some prairie provinces the\nprice has been quoted at $125.00.\nis this exploitation, or graft? The\nlocal press gave great publicity to\nthe Solloway-Mills affair, but other\nthan advising the public of the\nspread from producer to consumer\nof this necessity, no other action\nseems necessary. Of course this item\nis not stocks, etc.; the workers don't\nbuy stocks, at least not to any extent; they need spuds, but not at\nstock prices. Whilst we read of\ngreat privation on the prairies, yet\nwe learn of profiteering\" in life's commodities, and amazement is expressed in some quarters at utterances of\ndissatisfaction.\nThe City Council passes a bylaw\nto prohibit physical endurance tests\nand stipulates that walkathons,\ndanceathons, skateathons and ice\ncake sitting comes under that category. They could not turn their\nattention to talkathons, because their\npastime might be unduly interferred\nwith. Probably through their inexperience they would.not ban an endurance test of wage-earners working 12 hours per day and 7 days per\nweek. They probably could not distinguish between the term, an endurance test^and a contest to live. Notoriety might -be a desirable acquisition in a spotlight review^ but the\nspotlight of public opinion will reflect defeat upon many who consider\nthat they are sailing in snug security, and the unchartered rock of the\npeople's franchise, which varies in\nlocation and immensity, awaits the\ndate of the election.\nASK 6-HOUR DAY\nSydney, N. S.\u2014As a means of\nhelping out unemployment, the six-\nhour day and the five-day week\nhave been demanded in'the mines of\nNova Scotia by District 26 of the\nUnited Mine Workers of America.\n'UNEMPLOYMENT  INSURANCE\n\/IS  WANTED   IMMEDIATELY\n'   (Continued from page 1)\n| council executive to take -the matter\nup with'the authorities and demand\nthat' the  Japanese  be  given   equal\nright in applying for relief.    '\nThe subject, of the unemployed.be-\ning allowed to hold meetings only\nafter having.obtained a permit to do\nso was discussed at length, with the\nmeeting finally requesting of the City\nCouncil that these meetings be al'\nlowed without a permit.\n*    * .. * \"'\u2022\u2022',.\nDeclaration of the Vancouver, New\nWestminster and District Trades and\nLabor Council in conn\/ection with\nthe present depression:\nA large proportion of the wealth\nproducers over' the entire industrial\nand agricultural world are again suffering the ill-effects of another periodica, depression which is far more\nsevere, lengthy, and far-reaching in\nits effects than airy previous depression, and as a result of which millions of people are now unable to\nsecure even sufficient of the barest\nnecessities of life.\nMillions are suffering from hunger\nin the midst of an abundance of all\nkinds of food, with agriculture perfected to such an extent that it is\ncapable of producing an additional\nabundanae, and with 'farmers the\nworld over in a state bordering on\ndespair, because they have produced,\nOT will \"produce\";\" collectively,\" Tn\"ex-~\ncess of the purchasing power of tjhe\ntoiling masses under the present\nsocial order.\nMillions of people are suffering\nfrom the want of even the commonest kind of- shoes, clpthes, etc.,\"while\nmany warehouses are filled to overflowing with the same, and while\nmodern textile, shoe, clothing and\nother factories are closed, or only\npartially operated, with their workers\nunemployed or working part-time.\nMillions of people are living, or existing, in improperly heated homes,\nwhile there is an abundance of coal\nand other fuels, and thousands of\nthe workers who produce these commodities are suffering from unemployment in every country, due to\nthe closing down of coal mines, oil\nwells and wood camps.\nLarge numbers of, people are living in -^over-crowded or unsanitary\nbuildings while stagnation in the\nbuilding industry causes severe unemployment of construction workers.\nAH this at a time when the machinery of wealth production has\nbeen developed to its present perfect\nstate; in other words, there is almost universal want, misery and\nsuffering in the midst of plenty, all\nof which, in the considered opinion\nof this Vancouver, New Westminster\nand District Trades Union Movement can only be completely abolished by fundamental changes in the\npresent social and industrial system.\nHowever, in common with organized labor the world over, this meeting reaffirms labor's declaration that\nthe present competitive system can\nonly be made to better serve the\nwelfare of the great masses of the\npeople by shorter working hours and\nincreased wages, thus making it possible for greater numbers to be employed, and, through increased wages\nor income, making it possible for\nboth industrial and agricultural producers to be in a better position to\npurchase the ever-increasing product\nof the modern machinery.\nWhile organized labor has adopted,\nand will, from .time to time, adopt,\nand endeavor to have carried into\neffect, various proposals which will\ntend to alleviate the present critical\nsituation for labor, its declaration\nfor shorter hours and increased income, must be put into effect in all\nindustrial and agricultural countries,\notherwise want and misery, in the\nmidst of plenty, will become increasingly pronounced.\nReaolution Unanimously Adopted\nWhereas unemployment is on the\nincrease throughout! the Dominiop of\nVancouver Drug Company (1928) Limited\n, DRUG PRICES CUT\nCOMPARE    OUB   PBICES    WITH    WHAT    VOU    HAVE    BSBB   PAYING.\nMAKE A PUBCHASE AT ANY OBB OT OUB IS STOBES ABB NOTE THE\nQUALITY, BBBYIOB, SAVINO!\nPBIDAY AND SATURDAY SPECIALS\u2014JULY 17th and 18th\n.30\n.25\n.50\nrf.25\n1.00\nPowder Puffs \"... ....'.::\" 10 .50\nCream of Witch Hazel .85\nand Roses  .14 1.00\nSulphur and Molasses 18 .40\nGold Medal Phonograph          \u25a0 .50\nNeedles    .10 .25\nDr. Reld's Syrup of Pigs  Ml .35\nCucumber and Witch Hazel\nCream  _ 14 .25\nColgate's Dental .Cream  17 \u25a0    .50\nDr. Reld'a Guaranteed\nHair Tonic _' .54 .25\nCarnation Bath Soap a-for .17 1.00\nPuritall Milk of Magnesia..:... .26\nJad Salts ._  M\nDr. Reld's Magnesol\u2014 08\nHoubigant'B Face Powder  Ml\nDr. Reld'a Sage and Sulphur Ml\nTincture of Iodine: 2-oz . .14\nWilliams' Holder Top\nShaving Stick  .._'..._ Ml\nSun Visors    ,14\nGlycerin and Rose Water;\n8-oz \u2014 -.: Mt\nNail Scrubs 14\nPapeterles     JfS\nWB SAVE YOU MONEY.\n,-. __ PHONE OBDEBS PBOMPTLY ATTENDED TO\nVANCOUVEBS OWN DBTTG STOBES\u2014SIXTEEN IB THE CITY\nAT YOUB SEBVICE I\nH\norse\n_^_,\u201e\"L -GRAND OPENING\u2014SEASOr^OF^l\u2014-\u2014'-\nJULY 18th\u00bbJULY 25th\nHASTINGS  PARK\nTICKETS\u2014Good for Seven Days' Racing, at any one\ntrack, for only $6.00\u2014an average of 86c a day.\nSeason Tickets, 125.00.\nPROCURABLE AT 545 WEST GEORGIA STREET\nJack, Canuck Tobacco Factory\nAIL OUB TOBACCOS HAVE TBB UNION LABEL\u2014NO. 0\nJACK CANUCK, fine or coarse cut 55c for M lb.\nJACK CANUCK, fine or coarse cut _ 10c per package, 1-12 lb,\nHOME TOBACCO, fine or coarse cut  .'::?..-. 46o for W lb.\nHOME TOBACCO, tine or coarse cut So per package: 3 for 15c; 1-12 lb.\nBROWN AND BLACK TWISTS.\n(WHOLESALE  PBICES TO BETAILEBSi\n2173 Powell Street Stall 15, Vancouver Market\nEmpress Manufacturing Company Limited\nManufacturers of\nJams, Jellies and Marmalade, Baking Powder, Extracts, Pickles, Catsup\nCanada bringing in its trail greater\nand more intensified misery to rapidly increasing numbers of workers,\nand     ^v\nWhereas more and more industries\nare either closing down entirely or\nlaying off workers in increasing numbers, and\nWhereas it appears to follow from\nthis condition that private industry\noperating for profit has broken down\nand has failed to provide the means\nof a livlihood through employment,\ntherefore, be it\n. Resolved, that the Vancouver, New\nWestminster and District Trades and\nLabor Council demand of Premier\nBennett and his Conservative government to enact immediate legislation\nto remedy this condition by changing\nentirely th'e whole economic system\nnow in existence, preventing all profiteering by the financial interests,\nand make a more equitable distribution of this country's' wealth so as to\nprovide sufficient and adequate continuous regular employment to provide every human being in the\ncountry with an abundance of wholesome food, clothing and shelter, also\nrecreation and entertainment.\nHonest Labor\nDEMANDS\nHonest Value\nYou get the most for your\nmoney by buying slightly\nused furniture from the\nDominion\nTrade-in-Dept.\n1082 Granville\n\"Whin th. Working M.n Bar\"\nIt is said that a shiftless transmission for the automobile has been invented. Now what is needed is to\nget rid of the shiftless drover.\nStay Away From ThejROYAL \u00a7_ COLUMBIA\nTheatres If You Believe in\nUNION WORKING CONDITIONS\n-\u25a0,..,' \u2022 ' r . m a\nMOVWG PICTURE PROJECTIONISTS' UK.IOH\n","type":"literal","lang":"en"},{"value":"Title changes in chronological order: The Labor Statesman (1924-04-25 to 1965-03), The Labour Statesman (1965-05 to 1969-09). <br>From 1924-04-25 to 1965-03 The Labour Statesman was owned and published by the Vancouver and District Labour Council. From 1965-05 to 1967-07 it was published jointly by the B.C. Federation of Labour and the Vancouver and District Labour Council. From 1967-08 to 1969-09 it was published by the B.C. Federation of Labour.","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/hasType":[{"value":"Newspapers","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/spatial":[{"value":"Vancouver (B.C.)","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/identifier":[{"value":"Labor_Statesman_1931_07_17","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/isShownAt":[{"value":"10.14288\/1.0439172","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/language":[{"value":"English","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2003\/01\/geo\/wgs84_pos#lat":[{"value":"49.246292","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2003\/01\/geo\/wgs84_pos#long":[{"value":"-123.116226","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/schemas\/edm\/provider":[{"value":"Vancouver : University of British Columbia Library","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/publisher":[{"value":"Vancouver, B.C. : Vancouver and District Labour Council","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/rights":[{"value":"Images provided for research and reference use only. Permission to publish, copy, or otherwise use these images must be obtained from the Digitization Centre: http:\/\/digitize.library.ubc.ca\/","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/source":[{"value":"Original Format : UBC Library","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/title":[{"value":"The Labor Statesman","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/type":[{"value":"Text","type":"literal","lang":"en"}],"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/description":[{"value":"","type":"literal","lang":"en"}]}}